Available online at: www.mbai.org.in doi: 10.6024/jmbai.2012.54.1.01697-08 Prawn fauna (Crustacea: Decapoda) of India - An annotated checklist of the Penaeoid, Sergestoid, Stenopodid and Caridean prawns E. V. Radhakrishnan*1, V. D. Deshmukh2, G. Maheswarudu3, Jose Josileen 1, A. P. Dineshbabu4, K. K. Philipose5, P. T. Sarada6, S. Lakshmi Pillai1, K. N. Saleela7, Rekhadevi Chakraborty1, Gyanaranjan Dash8, C.K. Sajeev1, P. Thirumilu9, B. Sridhara4, Y Muniyappa4, A.D.Sawant2, Narayan G Vaidya5, R. Dias Johny2, J. B. Verma3, P.K.Baby1, C. Unnikrishnan7, N. P. Ramachandran10, A. Vairamani11, A. Palanichamy11, M. Radhakrishnan1 and B. Raju7 1 CMFRI HQ, Cochin, 2Mumbai RC of CMFRI, 3Visakhapatnam RC of CMFRI, 4Mangalore RC of CMFRI, 5Karwar RC of CMFRI, 6Tuticorin RC of CMFRI, 7Vizhinjam RC of CMFRI, 8Veraval RC of CMFRI, 9Madras RC of CMFRI, 10Calicut RC of CMFRI, 11Mandapam RC of CMFRI *Correspondence e-mail: evrkrishnan@gmail.com Received: 07 Sep 2011, Accepted: 15 Mar 2012, Published: 30 Apr 2012 Abstract Many penaeoid prawns are of considerable value for the fishing industry and aquaculture operations. The annual estimated average landing of prawns from the fishery in India was 3.98 lakh tonnes (2008-10) of which 60% were contributed by penaeid prawns. An additional 1.5 lakh tonnes is produced from aquaculture. During 2010-11, India exported US $ 2.8 billion worth marine products, of which shrimp contributed 3.09% in volume and 69.5% in value of the total export. With nearly 438 known species from the Indian subcontinent, the order Decapoda, comprising the suborders Dendrobranchiata and Pleocyemata, is the most diverse of the Eucaridean orders containing almost all the best known edible and commercially important prawns. The checklist of prawns contains 142 species under 43 genera of the suborder Dendrobranchiata and 295 species under 88 genera of the suborder Pleocyemata. Since previous compilation of the fauna, several additional species have been recorded. The present annotated checklist is intended to update the scientific nomenclature of all the species recorded from Indian EEZ including the fresh and brackishwater species and to assist ecologists and crustacean taxonomists in future systematic work in view of the important role of prawns in the ecosystem as well as the importance of the resource from the fishery and trade point of view. The common English names and geographic distribution of species have also been included. Keywords: Prawn fauna, checklist, Decapoda, Dendrobranchiata, Pleocyemata. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. India, 54 (1), 50-72, January-June 2012 Original Article Introduction The prawn fauna inhabiting the marine, estuarine and freshwater ecosystems of India are diverse and fairly well known. Significant contributions to systematics of marine prawns of Indian region were that of Milne Edwards (1837), Miers (1884), Bate (1888), Wood-Mason (1891), Wood-Mason & Alcock (1891a, b), Alcock and Anderson (1894, 1899a,b), Alcock and Macardle (1901), Alcock (1901, 1905 and 1906), Nobili (1903), Alcock et al. (1907), Kemp (1910, 1915, 1917, 1918, 1922 and 1925), De Man (1908, 1911 and 1920), Kemp and Sewell (1912) and Sewell (1934). The exploratory mechanized trawling during 1950s and 1960s and commercial trawling from 1970 to 2011 in littoral and deep sea regions of Indian coast revealed the occurrence of several species which were reported by Nataraj (1953), Kunju (1960), Kurian (1965), Mohammed and Suseelan (1973), Muthu (1965, 1971 and 1972a, b), Muthu and George (1971), Rao (1984), Ravindranath (1989), Silas and Muthu (1976 a, b), Thomas (1968, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1977, 1979 and 1986). Since publication of these pioneering works, numerous changes in taxonomy and/or systematic placement of species took place (Turkay, 2011) and a comprehensive review of the Indian prawns of the family Penaeidae was attempted by George (1979). An inventory of decapod crustaceans in the marine and contiguous areas, their An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India habitat, distribution and exploitation status was published by Suseelan (1996), which included 118 commercial /potentially commercial species of prawns (66 penaeoid, 5 sergestoid and 47 species of caridean prawns). Chanda and Bhattacharya (2002, 2003, 2004) described three new species of prawn from Indian waters. Jayachandran (2005) listed 46 species of marine palaemonid prawns from Indian seas. The most recent comprehensive review of the penaeoid prawns was that of Kathivel et al. (2007), in which 84 species of penaeid prawns and geographical distribution of each of the species were listed. The Deep Scattering Layer (DSL) of eastern Arabian sea constituted 29 species of pelagic shrimps belonging to 19 genera and 11 families (Karuppasamy et al., 2006). Prakash et al. (2011) added a new record of gnathophyllid prawn from the Lakshadweep waters. Jayachandran (2002) listed the global diversity of palaemonid prawns and Valarmathi (2009) published a checklist of freshwater prawns of the families Atyidae and Palaemonidae (subfamily Palaemoninae) from India, the most speciose groups among the freshwater prawns. Jayachandran (2010) published a comprehensive account of taxonomic status, statewise distribution of palaemonid prawns and species diversity of palaemonid prawns of India. A new species of Macrobrachium from Tamilnadu was added by Arumugam (2011). The bioSearch of the National Institute of Oceanography, Goa is the first Indian database of marine, brackish and freshwater aquatic fauna with 15700 species records. However, the database of prawns is incomplete with many species of prawns yet to be listed. The maintenance and management of our rich biodiversity requires accurate and continuous updating of data. A complete checklist of the entire prawn fauna of India is not available now. The list of species presented earlier is updated by inclusion of all species of prawns including the brackish and freshwater species now known to occur in the Indian subcontinent including the two island systems, the Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands. Material and methods The present checklist is based on the available published literature present in the form of research articles, monographs, books, species checklists and technical reports. The records and nomenclature have been updated. The six genera classification scheme proposed by Perez Farfante and Kensley (1997) have been adopted for classification of the genus Penaeus. The WoRMS Register, ITIS Standard Search and the Carideorum catalogus also have been referred and for confirmation of the families, genera and species, the WoRMS Register has been followed except for the penaeid prawn Parapenaeopsis © Marine Biological Association of India stylifera and Metapenaeopsis mogiensis. Results and discussion Prawns constitute an important export commodity in India. The total average annual estimated landing of prawns was 3,97,524 t (2008-10) of which 60% is contributed by penaeids and the rest by non-penaeids. India exported US $ 2.8 billion worth marine products in 2010-11, of which shrimp contributed 3.09% in volume and 69.5% in value of the total export. The prawn fauna occurring in Indian subcontinent including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands total 437 species (Table 1). The suborder Dendrobranchiata includes 142 species (122 species of penaeoids including Litopenaeus vannamei, the introduced species for aquaculture and 20 species of sergestoids under 43 genera) and the suborder Pleocyemata with 295 species under 88 genera (Table 2a and 2b). The family Penaeidae with 19 genera and 73 species is the most speciose group among the penaeoids and many species form commercially important fisheries and some are of interest to aquaculture. The actual number of caridean prawns in Indian waters is still uncertain with more number of species added from freshwater ecosystems. The most speciose group of freshwater prawns are the families Atyidae with a single genus (Caridina) and 28 species and the subfamily Palaemoninae (family Palaemonidae) consisting of 11 genera, 81 species with the genus Macrobrachium numerically dominating the subfamily with 62 species. Freshwater species are also becoming increasingly popular in aquarium trade, especially the species under the genus Caridina and some are being specifically cultured for this purpose. Many species of both families complete part of their larval cycle in brackishwater or even in fully marine conditions. The taxonomic revision of the prawns formerly classified in Penaeus s.l. into six genera is still widely debated. Although these prawns can be easily separated into several groups morphologically, whether these subdivisions are truly monophyletic and warrant a generic rank continues to be hotly debated among taxonomists (Ma et al., 2011). While some taxonomists have accepted the revision, others are questioning the necessity of such a classification. Ma et al. (2011) refuted the six genera classification of Penaeus s.l on the basis of examination of mitochondrial and nuclear genes and advocated the restoration of the old Penaeus genus (= Penaeus s.l.) as the classification scheme is in agreement with both morphological and the molecular data. The debate is expected to continue as more information will pour in. There are about 4048 species of shrimps and prawns known to the world, subdivided into four major groups, namely 51 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Table 2a. Number of genera and species under each family of the suborder Dendrobranchiata in Indian waters. Family Genera (No.) Species (No.) Penaeidae 19 73 Sicyoniidae 1 4 Solenoceridae 5 20 Aristeidae 7 13 Benthesicymidae 4 12 Sergestidae 6 13 Luciferidae 1 7 Table 2b. Number of genera and species under each family/ subfamily of the suborder Pleocyemata reported from India. Genera (No.) Species (No.) Alpheidae Family 4 23 Disciadidae 1 1 Hippolytidae 9 17 Ogyrididae 1 2 Atyidae 1 28 Crangonidae 6 18 Glyphocrangonidae 1 10 Nematocarcinidae 1 3 Rhynchocinetidae 2 2 Oplophoridae 7 12 Gnathophyllidae 1 1 Hymenoceridae 1 1 Palaemonidae (Family) Palaemoninae (Subfamily) 11 81 Pontoniinae (Subfamily) 17 46 Pandalidae 7 22 Thalassocarididae 1 3 Pasiphaeidae 5 11 Processidae 2 3 Psalidopodidae 1 1 Stenopodidae 1 1 Spongicolidae 4 4 Axiidae 3 4 Callianassidae 1 1 Dendrobranchiata (68 genera, 533 species) Procarididea (2 genera, 6 species), Stenopodidea (12 genera, 71 species) and Caridea (389 genera, 3438 species) and they are comprised of several rather distinct lineages and are not monophyletic 52 unlike the true crabs. Although the figures listed in De Grave & Fransen (2010) for the other decapod taxa have been clearly adjusted by now, the Caridea remain the second most species-rich group within the Decapoda, with approximately half as many species as Brachyura, the dominant taxon within Decapoda (De Grave & Fransen, 2011). Nearly 350 species of prawns are of economic interest worldwide and out of these, only about 100 contribute to the principal share of the annual world catch (Chan, 1998). Although the carideans comprise 84.9% of total prawn species, only few are of interest to fisheries. Among the marine species only 8 are commercially exploited. The number of penaeoid species now found in Indian waters is 122, which forms 34.9% of the world species showing high diversity of species. This is higher than the 107 species reported from Taiwan (Lee et al., 1999), 84 species from Mainland China (Liu & Zhong, 1994) and the 86 species recorded in Japan (Hayashi, 1992). The exact number of species of caridean prawns present in Indian waters is uncertain, as most species have no economic value and hence studies are limited for these species. Freshwater caridean prawns account for approximately a quarter of all described Caridea, numerically dominated by the Atyidae and Palaemonidae (subfamily Palaemoninae), which also have brackishwater and marine representatives. Many species are important components of subsistence fisheries. Worldwide on a generic level, the most species genera are Caridina (Atyidae, 290 species), Alpheus (Alpheidae, 286), Macrobrachium (Palaemoninae, 243), Synalpheus (Alpheidae, 159) and Periclimenes (Pontoniinae, 152). A total of 655 freshwater species are presently known and many are becoming increasingly popular in aquarium trade (De Grave et al., 2008). In India, the family Atyidae is represented by a single genus Caridina with 28 species and the numerically speciose genus Macrobrachium represented by 62 species. Valarmathi (2009) listed 58 species whereas 59 species have been listed by Jayachandran (2010) and De Grave and Fransen (2011). While M. ornatus, Jayachandran & Raji, 2004 has been synonymised with M. lar, M. kulsiense Jayachandran, Lal Mohan and Raji, 2007 has been included under a new genus Arachnochium Wowor & Ng, 2010a. M. divakarani, Jayachandran, 2001 and M. josephi, Jayachandran, 2001 have been listed as unavailable names in Carideorum catalogus (De Grave & Fransen, 2011). Among the 62 species of Macrobrachium recorded from Indian waters, 3 species have aquaculture potential. While M. rosenbergii is farmed on a large scale, M. malcomsonii and M. gangeticum are farmed on a smaller scale in some parts of the country. It is difficult to estimate the true species richness of freshwater prawns, as new taxa continue to be described. Among the marine caridean prawns, four are ornamental prawns. Among 13 species of alpheids, few may be of interest to aquarium trade. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India The subfamily Pontoniinae is the second most speciose group under Palaemonidae represented by 17 genera and 46 species and all are marine forms. However, globally Pontoniinae is considered richer in species (602) than Palaemoninae (379) (De Grave & Fransen, 2011). While preparing the checklist, attempts have been made to include all the species of prawns (including penaeoid, sergestoid, stenopodid and the caridean prawns) recorded from Indian waters by various researchers. Since publication of the checklist by Suseelan (1996), several species have been added. The smaller number in his checklist may be due to inclusion of only the commercial/potentially commercial species exploited from fishing grounds along the Indian coast. A deep sea Indian Ocean Expedition undoubtedly may add a number of species to the present list as the crustacean biodiversity of Indian coast is very high. Research on decapod crustaceans has been surging ahead during the past three decades. The result has been a proliferation of data-based and species-based studies providing new and significant outcomes. Development of a database has now progressed to the point of having temporal and geographic records of every known species. The database probably makes it possible to examine the patterns of biodiversity at all taxonomic levels within this order (De Grave et al, 2008). Acknowledgements The authors are thankful to Dr. G. Syda Rao, Director, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, for his encouragement during the preparation this article. We also thank Sri. M. Kathirvel, Former Principal Scientist, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai for his valuable suggestions and Smt. K. V. Sajitha, Stenographer, Crustacean Fisheries Division, Cochin, for her help in typing the manuscript. Table 1. Checklist of Penaeoid, Sergestoid, Stenopodid and Caridean prawns from Indian waters Penaeoid prawns Subphylum: Crustacea Brünnich, 1772 Class: Malacostraca Latreille, 1802 Sub class: Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892 Super order: Eucarida Calman, 1904 Order: Decapoda Latreille, 1802 Suborder: Dendrobranchiata Spence Bate, 1888 Infraorder Penaeidea Rafinesque, 1815 Superfamily Penaeoidea Rafinesque, 1815 Species Common name (English) Family Penaeidae Rafinesque, 1815 19 genera, 72 species + 1 introduced species Penaeid prawns Genus Atypopenaeus Alcock, 1905 Distribution Atypopenaeus compressipes (Henderson, 1893) Atypopenaeus stenodactylus (Stimpson, 1860) [Old name: Miyadiella podophthalmus (Stimpson, 1860)] Genus Periscope Shrimp Northwest, Southeast Indian White Prawn East & West coast of India, estuaries, Andamans Fenneropenaeus merguiensis (De Man, 1888a) Banana Prawn East & West coast of India, Andamans Fenneropenaeus penicillatus (Alcock, 1905) Redtail Prawn Northeast & Northwest Fenneropenaeus silasi (Muthu & Motoh, 1979 a)* False White Prawn Chennai Fenneropenaeus Pêrez Farfante, 1969 Fenneropenaeus indicus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837 in Milne Edwards, 1834-1840) Fenneropenaeus konkani Chanda & Bhattacharya, 2003* Genus Goa, Malawan coast Funchalia Johnson, 1868 © Marine Biological Association of India 53 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Genus Funchalia danae Burkenroad, 1940* Arabian sea Funchalia villosa (Bouvier, 1905 b) West coast & Andamans Funchalia woodwardi Johnson, 1868* India Ganjampenaeopsis (Alcock,1905) 3 Ganjampenaeopsis uncta (Alcock,1905) Genus Kishinouyepenaeopsis Alcock,1905 3 Kishinouyepenaeopsis maxillipedo (Alcock,1905) Genus Litopenaeus Pérez Farfante, 1969 Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931)^ Genus East & West coast Marsupenaeus Tirmizi, 1971 Marsupenaeus japonicus (Spence Bate, 1888) Genus Kuruma Prawn East & West coast & Andamans Witch Prawn East & West coast, Minicoy & South Andamans Melicertus Rafinesque, 1814 Melicertus canaliculatus (Olivier, 1811) Melicertus hathor Burkenroad, 1959* India, Indian ocean Melicertus latisulcatus (Kishinouye, 1896) Western King Prawn Northwest, Southwest, Southeast, Lakshadweep & Port Blair Megokris granulosus (Haswell, 1879)* Coarse Shrimp Chennai & Kakinada Megokris pescadoreensis (Schmitt, 1931a)ê Bighead Sand Prawn Southwest, Southeast Megokris sedili (Hall, 1961) Malayan Rough Shrimp Southwest, Southeast & Northeast Metapenaeopsis andamanensis (Wood-Mason in WoodMason & Alcock, 1891a) Rice Velvet Shrimp Southwest, Southeast & Andamans Metapenaeopsis barbata (De Haan, 1844) Whiskered Velvet Shrimp South & Northeast Melicertus similis Chanda & Bhattacharya, 2002* Genus Genus Megokris Pêrez Farfante & Kensley, 1997 Metapenaeopsis Bouvier, 1905 Metapenaeopsis ceylonica Starobogatov, 1972* Metapenaeopsis commensalis Borradaile, 1899* 54 Kakinada Red Shrimp Lakshadweep Metapenaeopsis coniger (Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891a)* Southwest, South & Northeast, Andamans Metapenaeopsis gaillardi Crosnier, 1991 Southern India Metapenaeopsis gallensis (Pearson, 1905) Chennai Metapenaeopsis hilarula (De Man, 1911a) Minstrel Shrimp East & West coast 1 Metapenaeopsis mogiensis Rathbun, 1902 Mogi Velvet Shrimp East & West coast, Andamans Metapenaeopsis novaeguineae (Haswell, 1879)* Northern Velvet Prawn India Metapenaeopsis palmensis (Haswell, 1879)* Southern Velvet Shrimp A & N Islands Metapenaeopsis philippi (Spence Bate, 1881)* Philip Velvet Shrimp Southwest coast Metapenaeopsis stridulans (Alcock, 1905) Fiddler Shrimp Northwest, South & Northeast, Andamans Metapenaeopsis toloensis Hall, 1962 Tolo Velvet Shrimp Chennai Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Genus Metapenaeus Wood-Mason, 1891 Metapenaeus affinis (H. Milne Edwards, 1837 in Milne Edwards, 1834-1840) Jinga Prawn Metapenaeus alcocki George & Rao, 1968 Fire Shrimp Gulf of Kachchh Metapenaeus brevicornis (H. Milne Edwards, 1837 in Milne Edwards, 1814- 1840) Yellow Shrimp East & West coast, A & N Islands Metapenaeus dobsoni (Miers, 1878) Kadal Shrimp East & West coast, A & N Islands Metapenaeus elegans De Man, 1907a Fine Shrimp A & N Islands Metapenaeus endeavouri (Schmitt, 1926a)* Endeavour Shrimp Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh Metapenaeus ensis (De Haan, 1844) Greasyback Shrimp South & Northeast, A & N Islands Metapenaeus intermedius (Kishinouye, 1900) Middle Shrimp A & N Islands Metapenaeus krishnatrii Silas & Muthu, 1976* Genus East & West coast & A & N Islands Andamans Metapenaeus kutchensis George, George & Rao 1963 Ginger Shrimp Northwest & Northeast Metapenaeus lysianassa (De Man, 1888a) Bird Shrimp Southeast & Northeast Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798) Speckled Shrimp East & West coast Metapenaeus moyebi (Kishinouye, 1896) Moyebi Shrimp Northeast, Southwest & Andamans Metapenaeus stebbingi Nobili, 1904 Peregrine Shrimp Gulf of Kachchh Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798 Jumbo Tiger Prawn East & West coast, A & N Islands Penaeus semisulcatus De Haan, 1844 Green Tiger Prawn East & West coast, A & N Islands Parapenaeopsis acclivirostris Alcock, 1905 Hawknose Shrimp East & West coast Parapenaeopsis cornuta (Kishinouye, 1900) Coral Shrimp Northwest, Southeast, Northeast & Andamans Parapenaeopsis hardwickii (Miers, 1878) Spear Shrimp Northwest, SE and Northeast Parapenaeopsis nana Alcock, 1905 Dwarf Shrimp South & Northeast coast Parapenaeopsis sculptilis (Heller, 1862 a) Rainbow Shrimp East & West coast 2 Parapenaeopsis stylifera (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) Kiddy Shrimp East & West coast & A & N Islands Parapenaeopsis tenella (Spence Bate, 1888) Smooth Shell Shrimp South & Northeast Mierspenaeopsis Muthu,1972 3 Mierspenaeopsis indica (Muthu,1972) Genus Genus Penaeus Fabricius, 1798 Parapenaeopsis Alcock, 1901 Parapenaeopsis longirostris Chanda & Bhattacharya, 2004 Genus Pelagopenaeus Perez Farfante & Kensley, 1997 Pelagopenaeus balboae (Faxon, 1893)* Genus Southwest coast Parapenaeus Smith, 1885 Parapenaeus fissuroides fissuroides Crosnier, 1986a [Old name: Parapenaeus fissuroides Crosnier, 1986] *Parapenaeus fissuroides indicus Crosnier,1986a False Rose Shrimp Mangalore Parapenaeus fissurus (Spence Bate, 1881) Neptune Rose Shrimp Orissa & A & N Islands Parapenaeus investigatoris Alcock & Anderson, 1899 Explorer Rose Shrimp Southwest, SE & A & N Islands © Marine Biological Association of India 55 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Genus Genus Parapenaeus longipes Alcock, 1905 Flamingo Shrimp East & West coast Parapenaeus sextuberculatus Kubo, 1949a* Domino Shrimp India Penaeopsis jerryi Pérez Farfante, 1979 Gondwana Shrimp Southwest, SE & A & N Islands Penaeopsis rectacuta (Spence Bate, 1881)* Needle Shrimp Southwest, SE & A & N Islands Penaeopsis Spence Bate, 1881 Trachypenaeopsis Burkenroad, 1934 Trachypenaeopsis minicoyensis Thomas, 1972* Genus Minicoy Trachysalambria Burkenroad, 1934a Trachysalambria aspera (Alcock, 1905) Chennai, Orissa coast & A & N Islands Trachysalambria curvirostris (Stimpson, 1860) Southern Rough Shrimp Trachysalambria fulva (Dall, 1957)* 1 East & West coast Chennai Metapenaeopsis mogiensis complanata Crosnier, 1991 Metapenaeopsis mogiensis consobrina (Nobili, 1904) Metapenaeopsis mogiensis intermedia Crosnier, 1991 Metapenaeopsis mogiensis mogiensis (Rathbun, 1902) All the four forms considered as subspecies (WoRMS Register, ITIS Standard Search) Parapenaeopsis coromandelica, P. stylifera coromandelica, P. stylifera stylifera as synonyms – George (1974), Pathan & Jalihal (1998) Parapenaeopsis coromandelica was considered as a species and P. stylifera cochinensis and P. stylifera stylifera as subspecies by WoRMS Register Holthuis (1980:30), Hall (1962), De Brüin (1965) considerd P. coromandelica as a species Racek and Dall (1965) considered P. coromandelica as a subspecies ITIS Standard Search considered P. stylifera coromandelica and P. stylifera stylifera as subspecies ^ Exotic species introduced for farming 3 Parapenaeopsis indica Muthu,1972 accepted as Mierspenaeopsis indica (Muthu, 1972); Parapenaeopsis maxillipedo Alcock,1905 accepted as Kishinouyepenaeopsis maxillipedo (Alcock, 1905); Parapenaeopsis uncta Alcock, 1905 accepted as Ganjampenaeopsis uncta (Alcock, 1905) 4 Parapenaeus fissuroides indicus Crosnier, 1986a accepted as a subspecies. Refer Turkay, M. ê Taxonomic expert consultation required 2 Family Sicyoniidae Ortmann, 1898 1genus, 4 species Genus Sicyonia H. Milne Edwards, 1830 Rock Shrimps Sicyonia fallax De Man, 1907a* India Sicyonia lancifer (Olivier, 1811)* Knight Rock Shrimp Sicyonia longicauda Rathbun, 1906 * India Sicyonia parajaponica Crosnier, 2003* Family Solenoceridae Wood-Mason, 1891 5 genera, 20 species Genus Gordonella Tirmizi, 1960 Southwest & Southeast Solenocerid Shrimps Gordonella villosa (Alcock & Anderson, 1894)* Genus Off Karwar & Minicoy Solenocera Lucas, 1849 Solenocera alfonso Pérez Farfante, 1981* Deepwater Mud Shrimp Off Tuticorin Solenocera alticarinata Kubo, 1949* High Ridge Mud Shrimp India Solenocera annectens (Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891a)* 56 Southwest & Southeast A & N Islands Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Solenocera choprai Nataraj, 1945 Ridgeback Shrimp Southwest & east coast Solenocera crassicornis (H. Milne Edwards, 1837 in Milne Edwards, 1834-1840) Coastal Mud Shrimp East & West coast, A & N Islands Solenocera halli Starobogatov, 1972* Genus East & West coast, Andamans Solenocera hextii Wood-Mason and Alcock, 1891b Deepsea Mud Shrimp East & West coast Solenocera koelbeli De Man, 1911a Chinese Mud Shrimp Off Kerala & Andhra Pradesh Solenocera melantho De Man, 1907a Razor Mud Shrimp Southwest & northeast Solenocera pectinata (Spence Bate, 1888)* Comb Shrimp SW coast & Andhra Pradesh Solenocera pectinulata (Kubo, 1949a)* West coast Solenocera waltairensis George & Muthu, 1970* Kakinada, Visakhapatanam Haliporus Spence Bate, 1881 Haliporus taprobanensis Alcock and Anderson, 1899* Redbacked Coral Prawn Haliporus thetis Faxon, 1893* Genus India Hymenopenaeus Smith, 1882 Hymenopenaeus equalis (Spence Bate, 1888)* Veiled Shrimp Lakshadweep sea Hymenopenaeus neptunus (Spence Bate, 1881)* Bay of Bengal Hymenopenaeus sewelli Ramadan,1938 India Hadropenaeus Pérez Farfante, 1977b Hadropenaeus lucasii (Spence Bate, 1881)* Trident Shrimp Family Aristeidae Wood-Mason, 1891 7 genera, 13 species Aristeid Shrimps Genus Aristeus Duvernoy, 1840 Genus Smooth Red Shrimp Southwest & Andhra Pradesh coast Aristeus alcocki Ramadan, 1938 Arabian Red Shrimp Southwest, Southeast, Lakshadweep sea Aristeus virilis (Spence Bate, 1881) Stour Red Shrimp A & N Islands Aristaeomorpha woodmasoni Calman, 1925 Indian Red Shrimp Off Southwest & Southeast coast, Andaman Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso, 1826)* Giant Gamba Prawn Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal, Andamans Scarlet Shrimp Southwest, Southeast, Lakshadweep & Andamans Aristaeomorpha Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891a Aristaeopsis Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock,1891a Hemipenaeus Spence Bate, 1881 Hemipenaeus carpenteri Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891b* Genus Minicoy, Bay of Bengal Hepomadus Spence Bate, 1881 Hepomadus tener Smith, 1884* Genus India Aristeus semidentatus Spence Bate, 1881* Aristaeopsis edwardsiana (Johnson, 1867) Genus Southeast & Southwest, Andamans Hymenopenaeus laevis (Spence Bate, 1881)* Genus Genus Off Gulf of Mannar & Kanyakumari Bay of Bengal Pseudaristeus Crosnier, 1978 Pseudaristeus crassipes (Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891a) Lakshadweep, Southwest coast, Andaman sea Pseudaristeus kathleenae Pérez Farfante, 1987* India © Marine Biological Association of India 57 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Pseudaristeus protensus Pérez Farfante, 1987* Genus East & West coast Plesiopenaeus Spence Bate, 1881 Plesiopenaeus armatus (Spence Bate, 1881)* Bay of Bengal Plesiopenaeus coruscans (Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891a)* Andaman & Nicobar Islands Family Benthesicymidae Wood-Mason, 1891 4 genera, 12 species Genus Benthesicymus Spence Bate, 1881 Benthesicymid Shrimps Benthesicymus armatus MacGilchrist, 1905* Benthesicymus bartletti Smith, 1882* Benthesicymus investigatoris Alcock & Anderson, 1899* Genus Gulf of Mannar & Andaman sea Altelatipes Crosnier & Vereshchaka, 2008 Altelatipes carinatus (Smith, 1884)* [Old name : Benthesicymus carinatus Smith, 1884] Genus Off Lakshadweep sea Bentheogennema Burkenroad, 1936 Bentheogennema intermedia (Spence Bate, 1888)* Genus India Gennadas Spence Bate, 1881 Gennadas bouvieri Kemp, 1909* Bay of Bengal Gennadas parvus Spence Bate, 1881* Arabian sea Gennadas praecox Kemp, 1910* Arabian sea Gennadas propinquus Rathbun, 1906* Southwest & Southeast Gennadas scutatus Bouvier, 1906a* Off Southwest coast Gennadas sordidus Kemp, 1910* Off Goa & Malpe in Arabian sea Gennadas tinayrei Bouvier, 1906b* Sergestoid shrimps Superfamily Sergestoidea Dana, 1852 Family Sergestidae Dana, 1852 6 genera, 13 species Genus Acetes H. Milne Edwards, 1830 Sergestid Shrimps Acetes indicus H. Milne Edwards, 1830 Jawala Paste Shrimp East & West coast Acetes sibogae sibogae Hansen, 1919 Alamang Shrimp West & Southeast coast Acetes johni Nataraj, 1947* Genus Southwest coast Acetes japonicus Kishinouye, 1905 Akiami Paste Shrimps Southwest coast, Arabian sea & Bay of Bengal Acetes erythraeus Nobili, 1905 Tsivakihini Paste Shrimp Southwest coast & east coast Sergestes H. Milne Edwards, 1820 Sergestes hamifer Alcock & Anderson, 1894* Genus DSL Arabian sea, A & N Islands Deosergestes Judkins & Kensley, 2008 Deosergestes rubroguttatus (Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891c* Deosergestes seminudus (Hansen,1919)* [Old name: Sergestes seminudus Hansen, 1919] Genus 58 Neosergestes Judkins & Kensley, 2008 Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Neosergestes orientalis (Hansen,1919)* [Old name: Sergestes orientalis Haansen, 1919] Neosergestes semissis Burkenroad,1940* [Old name: Sergestes semissis Burkenroad, 1940] Genus Parasergestes Judkins & Kensley 2008 Parasergestes armatus (Kroyer,1855)* [Old name. Sergestes armatus Kroyer, 1855] Genus Sergia Stimpson, 1860 Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal Sergia bisulcata (Wood-Mason & Alcock,1891b) DSL Arabian sea Sergia inoua Faxon, 1893* Arabian sea, Lakshadweep, Bay of Bengal & A & N Islands Family Luciferidae De Haan, 1841 1 genus, 7 species Genus Lucifer Thompson, 1829 “ Lucifer typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837* “ Lucifer orientalis Hansen, 1919* “ Lucifer chacei Bowman, 1967* “ Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915* “ Lucifer intermedius Hansen, 1919* “ Lucifer pencillifer Hansen, 1919* “ Lucifer hanseni Nobili, 1905* “ Caridean prawns Subphylum Crustacea Brünnich, 1772 Class Malacostraca Latreille, 1802 Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892 Super order Eucarida Calman, 1904 Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802 Sub Order Pleocyemata Burkenroad, 1963 Infra Order Caridea Dana, 1852 Superfamily Alpheoidea Rafinesque, 1815 Family Alpheidae Rafinesque, 1815 4 genera, 23 species Genus Alpheus Fabricius J.C., 1798+ Snapping Shrimps/ Pistol Shrimps Alpheus acutofemoratus Dana, 1852a* Andaman sea Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901* Chennai Alpheus crockeri (Armstrong,1941)* A& N Islands Alpheus digitalis de Haan, 1844* Forceps Snapping Shrimp Alpheus edwardsii (Audouin,1826)* Alpheus euphrosyne De Man, 1897* Alpheus frontalis H. Milne Edwards, 1837 in [H. Milne Edwards, 1834-1840]* Gulf of Kachch, Gujarat West Bengal Nymph Snapping Shrimp West Bengal & TN A & N Island Alpheus lobidens De Haan,1849* Alpheus macroskeles Alcock & Anderson,1899* Alpheus malabaricus (Fabricius, J.C. 1775)* Kerala & southeast coast Alpheus miersi Coutiere, 1898c* Lakshadweep © Marine Biological Association of India 59 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Genus Alpheus paludicola Kemp, 1915* Karnataka Alpheus rapax Fabricius, J.C., 1798* Lakshadweep Alpheus spongiarum Coutiere, 1897a* Lakshadweep Alpheus strenuus Dana, 1852a* A & N Islands Arete Stimpson,1860 Arete dorsalis Stimpson,1860* Genus Genus A & N Islands Athanas Leach,1814 Athanas dimorphus Ortmann,1894* Karwar Athanas areteformis Coutiere,1897* Lakshadweep Athanas digiboutensis Coutiere,1897 Lakshadweep Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 Synalpheus herdmaniae Lebour,1938* Gulf of Mannar Synalpheus paraneomeris Coutiere,1905b* Synalpheus paulsoni rameswarensis Coutiere,1908* Gulf of Mannar Synalpheus tumidomanus Paulson, 1875* Family Hippolytidae Spence Bate, 1888 9 genera, 17 species Genus Lysmata Risso, 1816 Karwar Cleaner Shrimps Lysmata vittata (Stimpson, 1860)* Indian Lined Shrimp Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888b) Genus Maharashtra Scarlet Cleaner Shrimp + East & West coast Exhippolysmata Stebbing, 1915 Exhippolysmata ensirostris ensirostris (Kemp,1914) Exhippolysmata punctata (Kemp,1947) Genus Latreutes Stimpson,1860a Latreutes anoplonyx Kemp,1914* Northwest coast Latreutes mucronatus (Stimpson,1860a)* Kerala Latreutes porcinus Kemp,1969* A & N Islands Latreutes pymoeus Nobili,1904* Genus Merhippolyte Spence Bate, 1888 Merhippolyte calmani Kemp & Sewell,1912* Genus Paralatreutes Kemp,1925 Paralatreutes bicornis Kemp, 1925* Genus Genus Genus A & N Islands Phycocaris Kemp,1916a Phycocaris simulans Kemp, 1916a* Genus SW coast A & N Islands Saron Thallwiz, 1891 Saron marmoratus (Olivier,1811) Gulf of Kachchh, West Bengal Saron neglectus De Man,1902 A& N Islands Thor Kingsley, 1978a Thor amboinensis (De Man,1888b) A & N Islands Thor maldivensis Borradaile,1915 Lakshadweep Thor paschalis (Heller,1862c) A & N Islands Tozeuma Stimpson,1860a Tozeuma armatum Paul son,1875* 60 Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Family Ogyrididae Holthuis, 1955 1 genus, 2 species Genus Ogyrides Stebbing, 1914 Ogyrides orientalis (Stimpson, 1860)* Long Eye Shrimps Telescope Shrimp Ogyrides striaticauda Kemp,1915* Superfamily Atyoidea De Haan, 1849 Family Atyidae De Haan, 1849 1 genus, 28 species Genus Caridina H. Milne Edwards,1837 [in H. Milne Edwards 18341840] Caridina babaulti babaulti Bouvier, 1918 India Chilka Lake , Odisha Basket Shrimps (Freshwater/ Estuarine Prawns) Green Neon Shrimp Caridina bengalensis De Man, 1908 West Bengal Caridina carli J. Roux, 1931a Caridina cavaleriei cavaleriei Bouvier,1919 Caridina chauhani Chopra & Tiwari,1949 Caridina excavata Kemp, 1913b Caridina fernandoi Arudpragasam and Costa, 1962 Caridina gracilipes De Man, 1892a Caridina gracilirostris De Man, 1892a Rednose/ Mosquito Shrimp Caridina gurneyi Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1984 Caridina hodgarti Kemp, 1913b Karnataka Green Rocket Shrimp Caridina jalihali Mariappan & Richard, 2006 Tamil Nadu Caridina kempi Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1984 Karnataka Caridina kunnathurensis Richard & Chandran, 1994 Tamil Nadu Caridina laevis Heller, 1862b Caridina longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837 [in H. Milne Edwards 1834-1840] Kochi, Kerala Caridina mathiassi Silas & Jayachandran, 2010 Tamil Nadu Caridina natarajani Tiwari & R.S. Pillai, 1968 Kerala Caridina panikkari Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1984 Karnataka Caridina prashadi Tiwari & R.S. Pillai,1971 Caridina propinqua De Man, 1908b Andamans Bengal Caridina West Bengal Caridina rajadhari Bouvier, 1918 Madhya Pradesh Caridina shenoyi Jalihal & Sankolli [in Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1984] Karnataka Caridina sumatrensis De Man, 1892a Caridina typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837[in H. Milne Edwards 1834-1840] Caridina weberi De Man, 1892a Trivandrum, Kerala Caridina williamsoni Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1984 Caridina zeylanica Arudpragasam & Costa,1962 Superfamily Bresilioidea Calman, 1896 Family Disiadidae Rathbun, 1902c 1 genus, 1 species Genus Discias Rathbun, 1902c* © Marine Biological Association of India Trivandrum, Kerala 61 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Discias exul Kemp, 1920 Superfamily Crangonoidea Haworth, 1825 Family Crangonidae Haworth, 1825 6 genera, 18 species Genus Aegaeon Agassiz, 1846 Crangonid Shrimps Aegaeon lacazei (Gourret, 1887a)* [Old name: Pontocaris lacazei (Gourret, 1887)] Genus Genus Hardshell Shrimp Philocheras Stebbing,1900 Philocheras anguistirostris (De Man,1918a)* A& N Islands Philocheras candidus (Kemp, 1916b)* A& N Islands Philocheras hendersoni (Kemp,1915)* A&N Islands Philocheras incisus (Kemp,1916b)* A& N Islands Philocheras lowisi (Kemp,1916b)* A& N Islands Philocheras parvirostris Kemp,1916b* Gulf of Mannar Philocheras pilosus (Kemp,1916b)* Gulf of Mannar Philocheras plebs (Kemp,1916b)* A& N Islands Philocheras sabsechota (Kemp,1911)* A& N Islands Pontocaris Spence Bate,1888 Pontocaris affinis affinis (Alcock,1901) NW coast Pontocaris pennata Spence Bate, 1888* Feather Shrimp Pontocaris propensalata Spence Bate, 1888* Genus Off Chennai Chennai A & N Islands Parapontophilus Christoffersen,1988 Parapontophilus abyssi (Smith,1884)* [Old name: Pontophilus abyssi (Smith, 1884)] Parapontophilus gracilis gracilis (Smith,1812)* Genus Parapontocaris Alcock,1901 Parapontocaris bengalensis Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891c* Parapontocaris andamanensis Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891c* Genus Prionocrangon Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock,1891c Prionocrangon ommatosteres Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock,1891c* Family Glyphocrangonidae Smith, 1884 1 genus, 10 species Genus Glyphocrangon A.Milne-Edwards, 1881b Armoured Shrimps Andamans Glyphocrangon andamanensis Wood-Mason in Wood- Mason & Alcock,1891c 62 Glyphocrangon caeca Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock,1891c* Bay of Bengal Glyphocrangon cerea Alcock&Anderson,1894* Lakshadweep Glyphocrangon caecescenes Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891c* Bay of Bengal Glyphocrangon investigatoris (Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891b)* Chennai Glyphocrangon regalis Spence Bate, 1888* Kerala, SW coast Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Glyphocrangon smithii Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891c* A&N Islands Glyphocrangon gilesii Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock,1891b* A&N Islands Glyphocrangon priononota Wood-Mason Alcock, 1891b* Lakshadweep Glyphocrangon unguiculata Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891b* Arabian sea Superfamily Nematocarcinoidea Smith, 1884 Family Nematocarcinidae Smith, 1884 1 genus, 3 species Genus Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881b Nematocarcinus cursor A. Milne-Edwards,1881b* Nematocarcinus tenuirostris Spence Bate, 1888* Arabian sea, A & N Is. Nematocarcinus undulatipes Spence Bate, 1888* Lakshadweep sea Family Rhynchocinetidae Ortmann, 1890 2 genera, 2 species Genus Cinetorhynchus Holthuis, 1995 Cinetorhynchus hendersoni (Kemp,1925)+ Genus A&N Islands Rhynchocinetes H. Milne Edwards, 1837b Rhynchocinetes durbanensis Gordon, 1936+ Superfamily Oplophoroidea Dana, 1852 Family Oplophoridae Dana, 1852 7 genera, 12 species Genus Acanthephyra A. Milne Edwards, 1881b Camel Shrimp Netrani Island, Karnataka Deepsea Shrimps Acanthephyra curtirostris Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891b Acanthephyra eximia Smith, 1884* Genus Acanthephyra fimbriata Alcock & Anderson,1894* Bay of Bengal Acanthephyra sanguinea Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1892* Off Kerala, West coast Heterogenys Chace, 1986 Heterogenys microphthalma (Smith, 1885a)* Genus Hymenodora Sars, 1877 Hymenodora gracilis Smith, 1886a* Genus Notostomus A.Milne Edwards, 1881b Notostomus sp.* Genus Genus DSL, West coast Meningodora Smith, 1882 Meningodora vesta (Smith, 1886a)* Genus West coast Bay of Bengal Oplophorus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (in Milne-Edwards 1834-1840) Oplophorus gracilirostris A. Milne Edwards, 1881b* Southwest coast Oplophorus spinosus (Brǘlle, 1839)* Southwest coast Oplophorus typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837* West coast Ephyrina Smith, 1885 Ephyrina hoskynii Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891b* Superfamily Palaemonoidea Rafinesque 1815 Family Gnathophyllidae Dana, 1852 1 genus, 1 species © Marine Biological Association of India 63 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Genus Agatti, Lakshadweep Pycnocaris Bruce, 1972a Pycnocaris chagoae Bruce, 1972a* Family Hymenoceridae Ortmann, 1890 1 genus, 1species Genus Hymenocera Latreille, 1819 Harlequin Shrimps Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852b+ [Old name: Hymenocera elegans Heller, 1861] Harlequin shrimp Family Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815 Palaemonid Prawns Subfamily Palaemoninae Rafinesque, 1815 11 genera, 81 species Genus Arachnochium Wowor & Ng, 2010a Minicoy Arachnochium kulsiense (Jayachandran, Lal Mohan & Raji,2007) [Old name: Macrobrachium kulsiense, Jayachandran, Lalmohan & Raji, 2007] Genus Leander Desmarest, 1849 Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818)* Genus Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 Exopalaemon styliferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) [Old name: Leander styliferus (H.Milne Edwards, 1840)] Genus Roshna Prawn West & East coast Ganges Delta Prawn Cochin & Northeast coast Bombay Prawn Maharashtra & A & N Islands Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950 Leptocarpus fluminicola (Kemp, 1917c)* Leptocarpus kempi Jayachandran,1992* Leptocarpus potamiscus (Kemp, 1917)* Genus Palaemon Weber,1795 Palaemon belindae (Kemp,1925)* Palaemon debilis Dana, 1852a* A & N Islands Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852a* Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson,1860)* Palaemon semmelinkii (De Man, 1881)* Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson, 1860)* Palaemon sewelli (Kemp,1925)* Genus Leandrites Holthuis, 1950a Leandrites celebensis (De Man, 1881)* Genus Kerala, Tamil Nadu Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868 Macrobrachium aemulum (Nobili, 1906b)* Kerala, Tamil Nadu Macrobrachium agwi Klotz, 2008* Macrobrachium altifrons altifrons (Henderson, 1893)* Assam,Haryana,Bihar Macrobrachium altifrons ranjhai Tiwari,1964a* Macrobrachium andamanicum (Tiwari, 1952)* Andamans Macrobrachium assamense assamense (Tiwari, 1958)* Assam, Madhya Pradesh, UP Macrobrachium assamense peninsularae (Tiwari,1955)* Macrobrachium australe (Guerin-Meneville, 1838)* in GuerinMeneville, 1829-1838 Koua River Prawn Macrobrachium bombajense Almelkar & Sankolli, 2006* Maharashtra Macrobrachium banjarae (Tiwari, 1958)* Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka Macrobrachium birmanicum (Schenkel, 1902) 64 Tamil Nadu, Andamans Birma River Prawn Assam Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Macrobrachium cacharense (Tiwari,1952)* Assam Macrobrachium canarae (Tiwari, 1958)* Karnataka, Kerala Macrobrachium cavernicola (Kemp, 1924)* Assam, Bihar Macrobrachium dayanum (Henderson, 1893)* Arunachal Pradesh, HP,AP, Chattisgarh Macrobrachium divakarani Jayachandran, 2001 @ Kerala Macrobrachium elatum Jayachandran, 1987* Kerala Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852a) Rough River Prawn West Bengal,Kerala, Goa Macrobrachium gangeticum Spence Bate, 1868a* UP, Assam Macrobrachium gurudeve Jayachandran & Raji, 2005* Kerala Macrobrachium hendersodayanum (Tiwari, 1952)* Maharashtra,Karnataka Macrobrachium hendersoni (De Man, 1906)* Tamil Nadu Macrobrachium honnaense Jayachandran, 2010 # Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862b) Orana River prawn Kerala, Karnataka Macrobrachium idella idella (Hilgendorf, 1898) Kerala, Karnataka,Goa Macrobrachium idella georgii Jayachandran & Joseph,1985* Kerala Macrobrachium indicum Jayachandran & Joseph, 1986* Kerala Macrobrachium jayasreei Jayachandran & Raji, 2005* Kerala Macrobrachium johnsoni Ravindranath, 1979* Andhra Pradesh Macrobrachium josephi Jayachandran, 2001 @ Kerala Macrobrachium kempi (Tiwari, 1949b)* West Bengal Macrobrachium kistnense (Tiwari, 1952) Karnataka, Maharashtra Macrobrachium kulkarnii Almelkar & Sankolli, 2006* Maharashtra Macrobrachium kunjuramani Jayachandran & Raji, 2005* Kerala Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) Odisha, Rajasthan Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarroides (Tiwari,1952) Manipur Macrobrachium lanatum Cai & Ng, 2002* Northeast India Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798) [Old name : Macrobrachium ornatus Jayachandran & Raji, 2004] Monkey River Shrimp Tamilnadu, Andamans Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891)* Scissor River Prawn Andamans Macrobrachium latimanus (Von Martens, 1868)* Mountain River Prawn West Bengal, Tamil Nadu Macrobrachium madhusoodani Unnikrishnan, P.M.Pillai & Jayachandran,2011 Macrobrachium malcolmsonii malcolmsonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1844) Kerala Monsoon River Prawn Macrobrachium manipurense (Tiwari, 1952)* West Bengal, Tamil Nadu Manipur Macrobrachium naso (Kemp, 1918a)* Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson & Matthai, 1910) Andhra Pradesh Macrobrachium novaehollandiae (De Man, 1908)* Kerala Macrobrachium peguense (Tiwari, 1952)* Tamil Nadu Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892a)* A & N Islands Macrobrachium platyrostris (Tiwari,1952)* Macrobrachium rogersi (Tiwari,1952)* Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) © Marine Biological Association of India Meghalaya Giant River Prawn Kerala, Karnataka, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu 65 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Macrobrachium rude (Heller, 1862a) Genus Hairy River Prawn Macrobrachium sankolli Jalihal & Shenoy in Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli,1988* Kerala, Karnataka Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862)* West Bengal, AP, Kerala, Karnataka Macrobrachium siwalikense (Tiwari, 1952)* Haryana, J&K, Punjab Macrobrachium striatum N.N.Pillai,1991 Kerala Macrobrachium sulcatus (Henderson & Matthai, 1910)* Kerala Macrobrachium tiwarii Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1988* Karnataka Macrobrachium unikarnatakae Jalihal, Shenoy & Sankolli, 1988* Karnataka Macrobrachium veliense Jayachandran & Joseph, 1985b* Kerala Macrobrachium villosimanus (Tiwari, 1947) West Bengal Macrobrachium walvanense Almelkar, Jalihal & Sankolli,1999 Maharashtra Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 1950a Nematopalaemon karnafuliensis (Khan, Fincham & Mahmood,1980)* Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Henderson, 1893) Genus Northwest, South & north east coast Troglindicus Sankolli & Shenoy,1979 Genus Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915b Subfamily Pontoniinae Kingsley, 1878 17 genera, 46 species Genus Allopontonia Bruce,1972b Urocaridella urocaridella (Holthuis, 1950a)* Allopontonia brockii (De Man,1888b)* Genus Spider Prawn Gulf of Mannar Troglindicus phreaticus Sankolli & Shenoy,1979* Genus West Bengal Rhopalaemon Ashelby &De Grave,2010 Rhopalaemon belindae (Kemp,1925)* Genus West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, AP Maharashtra Odisha A & N Islands Anchistus Borradaile, 1898 Anchistus custos (Forskal,1775)* A & N Islands Anchistus demani Kemp,1922* A & N Islands Anchistus miersi (De Man,1888)* A & N Islands Anchistus pectinis Kemp, 1925* A & N Islands Chernocaris Johnson, 1967 Chernocaris placunae (Johnson, 1965)* Genus Conchodytes Peters, 1852 Conchodytes biunguiculatus (Paulson,1875)* Genus Genus 66 A & N Islands Conchodytes kempi Bruce, 1989b* A & N Islands, South India Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852* A & N Islands Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860 Coralliocaris graminea (Dana,1852a)* A & N Islands Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852a)* A & N Islands Coralliocaris venusta Kemp,1922* Gulf of Mannar Cuapetes Clark, A.H., 1919 Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Genus Cuapetes agag (Kemp,1922)* A & N Islands Cuapetes amymone (De Man, 1902)* A & N Islands Cuapetes andamanensis (Kemp,1922)* A & N Islands Cuapetes demani (Kemp, 1915)* [Old name: Periclimenes demani (Kemp, 1915)] Chennai, Tamil Nadu Cuapetes elegans (Paulson, 1875)* Lakshadweep Cuapetes grandis (Stimpson, 1860a)* [Old name : Periclimenes grandis Stimpson, 1860] Kochi Backwaters Cuapetes longirostris (Borradaile,1915b) A & N Islands Cuapetes seychellensis (Borradaile, 1915b)* A & N Islands Cuapetes tenuipes (Borradaile, 1898)* A & N Islands Dasella Lebour, 1945 Dasella herdmaniae (Lebour, 1938)* Genus Dasycaris Kemp,1922 Dasycaris symbiotes Kemp,1922 Genus Genus Genus Harpiliopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1826)* A & N Islands Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson,1860)* Tamil Nadu coast Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890)* A & N Islands Jocaste Holthuis,1952a Periclimenes alcocki Kemp, 1922* A & N Islands Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel,1902)* Gulf of Mannar Periclimenes digitalis Kemp, 1922* A & N Islands Periclimenes diversipes Kemp,1922* Gulf of Mannar Periclimenes incertus Borradaile,1915b* A & N Islands Periclimenes inornatus Kemp, 1922* A & N Islands Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969a* A & N Islands Periclimenes laccadivensis (Alcock & Anderson, 1894)* Lakshadweep sea Perclimenes leptopus Kemp, 1922* A & N Islands Periclimenes obscurus Kemp, 1922* Kerala, Trivandrum Periclimenes proximus Kemp, 1922* A & N Islands Periclimenes rex Kemp, 1922* Gulf of Mannar, Chennai Periclimenella Bruce, 1944 Gulf of Mannar Phycomenes Bruce, 2008d Phycomenes indicus (Kemp, 1915)* [Old name: Periclimenes indicus (Kemp, 1915)] Genus A & N Islands Philarius Holthuis, 1952 Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905a)* Genus A & N Islands Periclimenes Costa, 1844a Periclimenella spinifera (De Man,1902)* [Old name: Periclimenes spiniferus De Man, 1902)] Genus Visakhapatnam Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1916 Jocaste lucina (Nobili,1901c) Genus Gulf of Mannar SE coast, Nicobar Island, Chilka lake Dactylonia Fransen, 2002 Dactylonia anachoreta (Kemp, 1922)* [Old name: Pontonia anachoreta Kemp, 1922] © Marine Biological Association of India Chennai, Tamil Nadu 67 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Genus Vir Holthuis, 1952c Vir orientalis (Dana,1852a)* Genus A & N Islands Palaemonella Dana, 1852a Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile,1898)* A & N Islands Palaemonella lata Kemp,1922 A & N Islands Superfamily Pandaloidea Haworth, 1825 Family Pandalidae Haworth, 1825 7 genera, 22 species Genus Chlorocurtis Kemp,1925 Chlorocurtis jactans (Nobili,1904) Genus A & N Islands Chlorotocella Balss,1914 Chlorotocella gracilis Balss,1914 Genus Genus A & N Islands Chlorotocus A. Milne Edwards, 1882 Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa,1871) A & N Islands Chlorotocus spinicauda De Man, 1902 A & N Islands Dorodotes Spence Bate,1888 Dorodotes reflexus Spence Bate,1888 Genus Heterocarpus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881b Heterocarpus ensifer A. Milne Edwards, 1881b* Armed Nylon Shrimp Heterocarpus gibbosus Spence Bate, 1888 Heterocarpus laevigatus Spence Bate, 1888* Smooth Nylon Shrimp Heterocarpus longirostris Macgilchrist,1905 Genus Heterocarpus tricarinatus Alcock & Anderson, 1894* Scarred Nylon Shrimp Arabian sea, Lakshadweep Heterocarpus woodmasoni Alcock, 1901 Indian Nylon Shrimp Southeast & West coast, Andaman Heterocarpus sibogae De Man, 1917* Mino Nylon Shrimp Southwest coast, Andaman Gondwana Striped Shrimp Arabian sea & Bay of Bengal Plesionika Spence Bate, 1888 Plesionika bifurca Alcock & Anderson, 1894* A & N Islands Plesionika ensis (A. Milne-Edwards, 1881b)* Gladiator Striped Shrimp Southwest & East coast Plesionika martia (A. Milne-Edwards, 1883) Golden Shrimp East & West coast Plesionika ocellus (Spence Bate, 1888)* A & N Islands Plesionika quasigrandis Chace, 1985 [Misidentified as: Plesionika spinipes Spence Bate, 1888] Oriental Narwal Shrimp West & South east coast, India, Plesionika unidens Spence Bate, 1888* A & N Islands Plesionika sindoi (Rathbun, 1906)* Southwest coast, Andamans Plesionika williamsi Forest, 1963* Southwest coast Procletes Spence Bate, 1888 Procletes levicarina (Spence Bate, 1888)* [Old name: Heterocarpoides levicarina Spence Bate, 1888] Family Thalassocarididae Spence Bate, 1888 1 genus, 3 species Genus Thalassocaris Stimpson, 1860 68 Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal Plesionika alcocki (Anderson, 1896)* Genus Southeast & West coast Southeast & West coast, A & N Islands West coast Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India Vol. 54, No.1, Jan-Jun 2012 An annotated checklist of prawn fauna of India Thalassocaris crinita (Dana, 1852a)* A & N Islands Thalassocaris lucida (Dana,1852a)* SW coast Thalassocaris obscura Gopala Menon & Williamson,1971* Arabian sea Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea Dana, 1852 Family Pasiphaeidae Dana, 1852 5 genera,1 subgenus,11 species Genus Glyphus Filhol,1884 Glyphus marsupialis Filhol,1884 Genus Subgenus Genus Genus Genus Arabian sea Leptochela Stimpson, 1860 Leptochela (Leptochela) Leptochela (Leptochela) aculeocaudata Paulson, 1875* DSL, Southwest coast Leptochela (Leptochela) robusta Stimpson, 1860* DSL, Southwest coast Pasiphaea Savigny, 1816 Pasiphaea alcocki Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891 b* SW & SE coast Pasiphaea unispinosa Wood-Mason, 1892* A & N Islands Eupasiphaea Wood- Mason in [Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1893] Eupasiphaea gilesii (Wood-Mason, 1892) A & N Islands Eupasiphaea latirostris (Wood-Mason & Alcock,1891b) Arabian sea Psathyrocaris Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1893* Psathyrocaris infirma (Wood-Mason MS) Alcock & Anderson, 1894* DSL, Southwest coast Psathyrocaris plumosa Alcock & Anderson, 1894* Psathyrocaris platyophthalmus Alcock & Anderson, 1894* Lakshadweep Psathyrocaris fragilis Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1893* Superfamily Processoidea Ortmann, 1890 Family Processidae Ortmann, 1890 2 genera, 3 species Genus Hayashidonus Chace, 1997 Night Shrimps Hayashidonus japonicus (De Haan, 1844)* Genus Nikoides Paul’son, 1875 Nikoides sibogae De Man, 1918a* India Nikoides danae Paul’son 1875* A & N Islands Superfamily Psalidopodoidea [Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1892] Family Psalidopodidae [Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1892] 1 genus, 1 species Genus Psalidopus [Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1892] Scissorfoot Prawns Psalidopus huxleyi [Wood-Mason in Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1892*] [Old name: Psalidopus spiniventris Wood Mason & Alcock, 1892] Infraorder Stenopodidea Claus, 1872 Family Stenopodidae Claus, 1872 1 genus, 1 species Genus Stenopus Latreille, 1819 Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811)+ © Marine Biological Association of India A & N Islands Stenopodid Shrimps Boxer Shrimp Lakshadweep 69 E. V. Radhakrishnan et al. Family Spongicolidae Schram, 1986 4 genera, 4 species Genus Engystenopus Alcock & Anderson, 1894 Glass Sponge Shrimps Engystenopus palmipes Alcock & Anderson, 1894 Genus Odontozona Holthuis, 1946a Odontozona spongicola Alcock & Anderson, 1899 Genus Hawaiian Glass Sponge Shrimp Spongicola De Haan, 1844 A & N Islands Spongicola andamanicus Alcock, 1901* Genus Gulf of Mannar Microprosthema Stimpson,1860a Microprosthema validum Stimpson,1860* Infraorder Axiidea de Saint laurant, 1979 Superfamily Axioidea Huxley, 1879 Family Axiidae Huxley, 1879 3 genera, 4 species Genus Eiconaxius Spence Bate, 1888 Genus Lobster Shrimps Eiconaxius andamanensis (Alcock, 1901)* A & N Islands Eiconaxius laccadivensis Alcock & Anderson, 1894* Lakshadweep Ambiaxius Sakai & de Saint Laurant, 1899 Ambiaxius alcocki (McArdle, 1900) [Old name: Calocaris alcocki McArdle, 1900) Genus Calaxiopsis Sakai & de Saint Laurant, 1989 Calaxiopsis felix Alcock, 1899 [Old name : Calastacus felix Alcock Anderson, 1899] Superfamily Callianassoidea Dana,1852 Family Callianassidae Dana, 1852 1 genus, 1 species Subfamily Callianassinae Dana, 1852 Genus Callianassa Leach,1814 Ghost Shrimps Callianassa lignicola Alcock & Anderson,1899 * No commercial significance + Ornamental value @ Refer De Grave & Fransen, 2011 # Refer WoRMS Register References Alcock, A. 1901. 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