Sydney Harbour: its diverse biodiversity Pat A. Hutchings, Shane T. Ahyong, Michael B. Ashcroft, Mark A. McGrouther and Amanda L. Reid ABSTRACT The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney NSW 2010 All records of crustaceans, molluscs, polychaetes, echinoderms and fishes from Sydney Harbour were extracted from the Australian Museum database, and plotted onto a map of Sydney Harbour that was divided into four regions. Records were analysed according to the number of species, genera and families present and over 3000 species were recorded, approximately double to triple the number of species found in the neighbouring Hawkesbury River, Botany Bay and Port Hacking. We examined the rate of accumulation of records and species over time since the 1860s, which followed a stepwise pattern usually correlated with the research activity of specific curators at the Australian Museum. The high species richness of Sydney Harbour is probably the result of multiple factors including significant tidal flushing and the high diversity of habitats present. Not all parts of the harbour have been well sampled, however, and we highlight areas and habitats that should be prioritised for further biodiversity surveys. An Appendix is provided listing all species in the five groups of animals considered here. The present study highlights the remarkable richness of the Sydney Harbour fauna and provides a consolidated background to guide future management and research, and emphasises the values of museum collections. Key words: Sydney Harbour, diversity, crustaceans, molluscs, polychaetes, echinoderms, fishes http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/AZ.2012.031 Introduction Sydney Harbour is a drowned river valley that formed during a rise in sea level approximately 10,000 years ago. The entrance, between North and South Heads (~33°50’S, 151°17’E), is about 3 km wide, with a depth of 30 m. The estuary then opens up into Port Jackson, which is fed by three main branches, the Parramatta and Lane Cove Rivers to the west and Middle Harbour to the north (Figure 1). The estuary is about 30 km long with a surface area of about 50 km2 and a total catchment of 500 km2 (Birch and McCready 2009). Most of the harbour (49.7 km2) is under tidal influence (Middleton et al. 1997). The shores of Sydney Harbour are largely developed, with 90% of the catchment urbanised. Sydney is Australia’s largest city with a population of 4 million people and all projections indicate it will continue to grow. The original shoreline of Sydney Harbour has been a. Figure 1a. The bathymetry of Sydney Harbour, (depths in m) in relation to zero on the Fort Denison tide gauge (courtesy of Phil Mulhearn and based on the soundings database from Roads and Maritime Services). 2013 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 255 Hutchings et al. b. Figure 1b. The four regions that were analysed in this study (East, West, Central and North), and the locations of places mentioned in the text are shown. Figure 2. Members of John Paxton’s Macquarie University Biology of Fishes class sampling in Duck River, upper Sydney Harbour, 12th October 1974. The only fishes collected were one specimen of a Southern Shortfin Eel, Anguilla australis and 36 Eastern Gambusia, Gambusia holbrookii. Photo, John Paxton extensively modified since European settlement, with the development of seawalls, removal of mangroves and salt marshes, and small creeks now lined with concrete, forming storm water drains (Figure 2). As an iconic feature of the city, Sydney Harbour has strong aesthetic values and is heavily used for recreational purposes, such as sailing, swimming and fishing. Land values of waterfront property, especially east of the Harbour Bridge, are among the highest in the world. Commercial fishing has been totally banned from the harbour since 2006 due partly to streamlining of commercial fishery licensing and reported high levels of dioxins (http://www.dpi. nsw.gov.au/fisheries/recreational/info/Sydney-closure), although recreational fishing still occurs. 256 Figure 3. Site of the first marine Biological Station at Camp Cove, circa 1885-1895. The station, a charming colonial cottage, was built on the foreshores of Sydney Harbour in 1881 for Russian scientist and explorer Nikolai Nikolaevich de Miklouho-Maclay to study Australia’s marine environment. Built of timber with sandstone foundations, the cottage is typical of the practical colonial architecture of the time. It was located at historic Camp Cove, where the First Fleet rested for a night before landing at Sydney Cove. Miklouho-Maclay worked at the Marine Biological Station for just four years, before returning to Russia where he died in 1888. After the late 1880s until 2001 the cottage was a residence for army officers. Today it is a private residence. Photo: courtesy of the State Library. For more details see http://www.harbourtrust. gov.au/docs/brochure-marine.pdf Thus, it is somewhat surprising that no comprehensive examination of the biodiversity of Sydney Harbour has been undertaken to date, given that Sydney is home to one of the oldest natural history museums in the world (The Australian Museum), five universities and, more recently, the Sydney Institute of Marine Sciences (SIMS). Back in the 1880’s Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour there was a marine station at Camp Cove which was built for the Russian scientist and explorer Nikolai Nikolaevich de Miklouho-Maclay to study Australia’s marine environment (Figure 3). Prior to this he had been invited by William John Macleay to live at Elizabeth Bay House and to use its small laboratory. The New South Wales Government provided 300 pounds towards the cost of construction with Nikolai Nikolaevich de Miklouho-Maclay raising the remainder of the money through donations to the station which was built in 1881. This Russian scientist also visited the Australian Museum and we are confident that some specimens collected from this station were subsequently deposited in the Australian Museum. Sydney Harbour is much less known than other estuaries in Australia such as Port Phillip Bay and Moreton Bay, or overseas estuaries, such as San Francisco Bay and Chesapeake Bay in the USA. To provide a baseline for guiding future management and research, we have examined the Australian Museum databases of fishes and four numerically dominant marine invertebrate groups to begin to document the diversity of Sydney Harbour. The Australian Museum collections date back to at least 1828. The earliest documented fish record from the harbour is from 1878, but many undated records may be older. Among the molluscs, the earliest records are from 1860, 1882 for crustaceans and 1885 for both polychaetes and echinoderms. Australian Museum staff have actively collected material over the decades from Port Jackson as shown in Figures 4 and 5 (McNeil and Musgrave 1926). stating that the other groups were present, he indicated that much work remained to be done on these groups. Thus, the aims of this study are to provide the most up-todate summary of the harbour fauna. The present study compiles all the Australian Museum records (plus a small number of photographic records) from Sydney Harbour of polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs, echinoderms and fishes; documents and broadly evaluates the distribution of species within the harbour, and identifies areas of the harbour that have been poorly sampled. Methods All Australian Museum database records from the Sydney region of polychaetes, crustaceans, echinoderms, molluscs and fishes were extracted (23 December 2011). Less diverse groups of marine invertebrates, such as sponges, bryozoans and cnidarians, having relatively few collection records, were not included. Geographic Information Systems software (ArcMap; ESRI) was used to select records that were within Sydney Harbour according to the blue polygon in Figure 1a. Many records, especially early ones, have imprecise position data, so including records on surrounding land helped ensure records with low positional accuracy were included. Terrestrial and freshwater species were manually removed as well as those where the collection locality description suggested they were collected close to, but outside of the study area, such as Manly Beach and Shelly Beach, on the ocean side of Manly. In addition, some specific types of records were deleted, such as records for beach-collected dry cuttlebones belonging to deepwater species that probably drifted from some distance offshore and some fossil or sub-fossil molluscs. Previous attempts to compile faunal lists of the harbour were undertaken for fishes by Franz Steindachner (1866) and invertebrates by Thomas Whitelegge (1889). Steindachner, of Vienna, dealt with 71 species, describing 21 as new (Saunders 2012), including the Eastern Sea Garfish, Hyporhamphus australis and the Eastern Pomfred, Schuettea scalaripinnis. Whitelegge was a curator at the Australian Museum and assembled all the known data from the literature and the collections. Relevant here is that he recorded 112 species of echinoderms and while Some of the early records only give Port Jackson as the locality; for these records the latitude and longitude values were generalised as a position east of the Harbour Bridge. In some cases, ‘Port Jackson’ could indicate the specimens were obtained from the Sydney Fish Market and thus may not have been collected from within the harbour, but further afield in the Sydney region; obviously Figure 4. Bottle and Glass Rocks from McNeill and Musgrave (1926) who quote, ‘when the tide is out long lines of rocks lie exposed in the bed of the channel and provide for the marine zoologist one of the richest collecting grounds in Australia’. Photo: Anthony Musgrave, from Australian Museum archives. Figure 5. Bottle and Glass Rocks from McNeill and Musgrave (1926) who quote, ‘The crevices of the outer rocks in the surf zone are encrusted with the hard limy tubes which are the dwellings of the vast numbers of Galeaolarian worms’. Photo: Anthony Musgrave, from Australian Museum archives. 2013 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 257 Hutchings et al. this only applies to commercial species. The total number of records, as well as the numbers of families, genera and species was calculated for each of the five taxa (fishes, molluscs, polychaetes, crustaceans and echinoderms) separately and in combination. Not all specimens have been identified to species, and some represent morphospecies or are species currently identified only to a higher taxonomic level. We used WoRMS (http://www. marinespecies.org/) to check currently accepted names. The number of records collected in each year was calculated, with the mean used when a range of dates was given. For example, a record with a stated collection date of 1950–1960, was deemed as 1955. Records without a collection date were counted separately. To display the spatial pattern of records, the study area was divided into a 500 m × 500 m grid, with the number of records in each grid counted and displayed in ArcMap. These analyses were performed to understand the spatial and temporal biases in sampling, and do not necessarily represent the true distribution of biodiversity in the harbour. Sydney Harbour was divided into four regions: East, Centre, West and North (Figure 1a). We separately counted the number of species in each of the taxonomic groups in each of the four regions. Accumulation curves were produced for each taxon and region based on the earliest record of each species. These accumulation curves illustrate how the number of species in the Australian Museum collection has grown over time and give an estimate of known species richness in the harbour. Results With the exception of molluscs, the majority of records for the selected groups are databased and each of these groups is now discussed. A complete list of species recorded is given in the Appendix. Each species list was checked by one of the authors with expertise in the group. The most recent taxonomic names were used where available but no attempt was made to re-check the database records against specimens. However, every record can be referred back to a specimen, (or, in the case of a few fish records, to a photograph) in our collections. This is the first attempt to collate the fauna of Sydney Harbour since Whitelegge (1889) and hopefully will encourage future studies and re-examination of these museum collections. Polychaetes 1250 records of polychaetes representing 40 families, comprised of 308 species belonging to 189 genera, with some only identified to genus or in some cases only to family are recorded in the Australian Museum database (Figure 6, Appendix). The families best represented in the Appendix largely reflect the research focus of both Figure 6. The number of records from the Australian Museum database that were analysed in this study, along with the number of species (including morphospecies), genera and families represented for each group. Taxonomic identifications were based on the database, and were not checked against the actual specimens. 258 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour Australian Museum and visiting systematists. Over 80 polychaete families are known globally and currently 40 families are present in the harbour according to the Australian Museum database. However, we know of several other families from the harbour, such as Acoetidae, Magelonidae, Paraonidae and Pisionidae, although specimens of these are yet to be fully identified and databased. Polychaetes have been recorded throughout the catchment although records from Middle Harbour and Lane Cove are sparse and restricted to the lower reaches (Figure 7). In contrast, records from the Parramatta River are largely restricted to the upper reaches of the river, as a result of various surveys conducted prior to the Sydney Olympics for the Olympic Co-ordinating Agency (Australian Museum Business Services 1993). This is not surprising given that polychaetes are primarily marine and while the upper reaches of the harbour are fully marine during dry conditions, salinity levels fall in these regions after periods of heavy rain. This probably prevents the establishment of diverse polychaete assemblages, although those species present can be abundant (for example, high numbers were recorded during a bird feeding survey around Homebush Bay (Hutchings 1996)). The bulk of polychaete species are from the East and Central regions (Figure 8), primarily from the shores or shallow water. Few are recorded from deeper water, especially in the Eastern region as little sampling of sediments has occurred there. Many polychaete species occur in sediments and have very specific habitat requirements (Hutchings 1998) so we anticipate additional new species will be recorded based on the range of deeper water sediments types present in the harbour. Figure 7. The harbour was divided into a grid of 500 m × 500 m squares. Dots show the number of records in each square. Records vary in collection location precision. In some cases the actual collection locations may differ from those shown on the map. 2013 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 259 Hutchings et al. Figure 8. Number of species recorded from each of the four regions of the harbour (Figure 1). Examination of the time periods when polychaetes were collected (Figure 9) reveals a small peak in the first decade of the twentieth century, followed by very spasmodic collecting until the 1970s. After this, more intensive collecting was undertaken, with a major spike recorded in 2001. This spike is reflected in all other groups and is the result of a major a marine biosecurity survey of 260 Sydney Harbour undertaken for Sydney Ports Corporation (Australian Museum Business Services 2002) (Figure 10). Another reason for the increasing number of species and records after 1970 was the appointment of a polychaete specialist, which has also encouraged overseas workers and postdoctoral researchers to study the collections, including those from Sydney Harbour. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour Figure 9. The number of specimens collected in each year since 1850, with unknown year of collection included separately to the left of the year 1860. Averages were used when the collection period included a range of years (e.g. 1955 for 1950–1960). If one considers the species accumulation curve (Figure 11), it is still rising, with most species recorded from the Eastern region (i.e., east of the Sydney Harbour Bridge). Most of the species have been recorded since the 1970s coinciding with the availability of SCUBA and the museum’s increased research effort. Far fewer species are recorded from the other regions although the numbers of species increased dramatically in the Central and Eastern regions following a marine biosecurity survey in which those areas associated with commercial shipping were systematically collected (Australian Museum Business Services 2002). Figure 10. Museum staff sampling during the Sydney Port Survey for Introduced Marine Species for Sydney Ports Corporation at Gore Bay. Photo, Penny Berents. Australian Museum. 2013 Polychaetes predominantly occur as infaunal and encrusting species, although some are pelagic (Figures12-15 illustrate some common species). Comprehensive benthic sampling has not been carried out in the harbour and most records are from the intertidal and from SCUBA diving where kelp holdfasts Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 261 Hutchings et al. Figure 11. Cumulative numbers of species recorded in the harbour over time. Records and species without a year of collection were not included in this analysis. Figure 12. Hydroides ezoensis (F. Serpulidae). Animal removed from its calcareous tube, an encrusting species found on wharf piles introduced from Japan. Photo, E. Nishi. 262 Figure 13. Perinereis akuna (F. Nereididae). A mature polychaete with posterior segments modified for swimming and full of gametes, occurs under rocks in the intertidal and shallow subtidal. When fully mature it swims in the water column using the expanded parapodial lobes and swimming chaetae and dehisces and releases gametes into the water column where fertilisation occurs; the deflated worm body dies. Spawning is co-ordinated by environmental cues. Photo, Denis Riek. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour Figures 16. Blue Swimmer, Portunus armatus, was previously known in Australia as Portunus pelagicus. It is an important commercial species around Australia and is common in Sydney Harbour on soft sediments, especially in the eastern region. Photo, S. Ahyong. Figure 14. Idanthyrsus australiensis (F. Sabellariidae) originally described from Sydney Harbour and may have been collected from the Marine Station at Watson’s Bay, occurs in sandy tubes cemented onto rocky surfaces, gregarious polychaete. Photo, Maria Capa. Figure 17. Mantis Shrimp, Erugosquilla grahami, is one of several large mantis shrimp species found in Sydney Harbour and was discovered in the mid 1990s. It is a marine predator ranging from Australia to Taiwan. In Sydney Harbour, it burrows in sand and mud in the eastern region. Photo, S. Ahyong. Figure 15. Loimia ingens (F. Terebellidae) a tubiculous polychaete found living in muddy sediments and among seagrass beds. Photo, Kathie Atkinson. and sponges are often collected to reveal associated polychaetes, plus scrapings from pylons. This suggests that many more species of polychaetes remain to be recorded from Sydney Harbour. Deeper water habitats east of the bridge, under Spit Bridge and areas inside of North and South Heads have barely been sampled. The same applies to subtidal soft sediments throughout the harbour. As our knowledge of the coastal polychaete fauna increases 2013 we would anticipate also finding many species new to science within the harbour. This is also reflected in the species accumulation curve for polychaetes (Figure 11) especially for the Eastern and Central regions that show little evidence of levelling off. In contrast, the apparent levelling off in the Northern and Western regions is possibly a sampling artefact rather than a real plateau. Crustaceans Crustaceans are the dominant marine arthropods and include crabs, shrimps, lobsters, isopods, amphipods and barnacles (Figures 16-18 illustrating some of the diversity). They occur throughout the harbour to the geographical limits of the study (Figure 7) and are represented by 2778 records distributed in 163 families, 434 genera, and 672 species (Figure 6, Appendix). The crustacean fauna Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 263 Hutchings et al. of the harbour is extremely rich, comprising temperate water species along with typically warm water species that are temporary residents brought by the East Australian Current, or for which Port Jackson is part of their southern range limit (Ahyong 2004; Poore 2004). With many significant commercial species, such as School Prawns (Metapeneaus spp.), Blue Swimmer Crabs (Portunus armatus) (Figure 16), Mud Crabs (Scylla serrata) (Figure 18) and Eastern Rock Lobsters (Sagmariasus verreauxi), crustaceans in the Australian Museum collection date back to at least 1876. Growth in the Sydney Harbour crustacean collections (and the number of species discovered, as new records for the harbour or species new to science) correlates with research effort, with a peak in the 1920–30s, a peak in the 1970–80s and a spike in 2001, see Figure 9). As is evident from the species accumulation curve, the number of species discovered in Sydney Harbour Figure 18. Mud Crab, Scylla serrata, is a popular commercial species that lives in muddy, mangrove habitats. It occurs widely in the tropics and occurs all along the New South Wales coast. In the harbour, it occurs mostly in the central and western regions as well as in Middle harbour. Photo, S. Ahyong. has increased across all regions in several large steps. From the 1930s to the late 1960s, crustacean discovery in the harbour was low (Figure 11), corresponding with a lack of specimens collected during this period (Figure 9). It improved significantly with the appointment of curators such as Yaldwyn and Griffin in the late 1960s early 1970s, resulting in the peak in collection records and numbers of new discoveries in the 1970–80s. The 2001 spike in records is attributable to the Sydney Harbour Biosecurity Survey conducted for the Sydney Ports Authority (Figure 10), although the limited number of new species records obtained at that time suggests that most species from the immediate port environment have already been observed. As expected, the numbers of species recorded from different parts of the harbour differ significantly, with highest diversity in the Eastern region (Figure 8). This no doubt is partially influenced by the higher level of sampling in the east, but also the wider range of habitat types including rocky reefs and seagrass beds, and more stable marine conditions that typically favour higher species richness (Edgar et al. 1999; Teske and Wooldridge 2001). The Northern and more westerly regions are increasingly estuarine and more strongly affected by freshwater input (and urban runoff) than the Eastern region. The harbour has consistently yielded new species records, even though research effort has been sporadic, especially in the past 20 years. For instance, Sydney Harbour holds the southernmost records for the tropical reef lobster, Enoplometopus occidentalis, the tropical mantis shrimps, Erugosquilla woodmasoni (Figure 17) and Levisquilla jurichi, and tropical swimming crab, Charybdis granulata (Ahyong 2001, 2006; Ahyong and Lee 2005). A large new species of mantis shrimp, Erugosquilla grahami, was discovered in Sydney Harbour only in 1994, among the commercial catch of prawns and other mantis shrimp, dominant among them, the introduced Japanese mantis shrimp, Oratosquilla oratoria (Ahyong and Manning 1998; Ahyong 2001). The species accumulation curve for Crustacea is currently plateauing and is most likely attributable to the low level of recent research effort (Figure 11). Targetted surveys in the harbour will almost certainly result in numerous new discoveries, especially in the Eastern region. Echinoderms Echinoderms, which include sea urchins, sea-stars and sea cucumbers, are a relatively small group with around 1200 species known from Australia. Sea urchins and sea-stars can be numerically abundant, especially on rocky reefs and other hard substrates (Figures 19-22 illustrate the diversity). For Sydney Harbour 1017 records, distributed in 45 families, 91 genera and 118 species exist in the Australian Museum collections (Figure 6, Appendix). Figures 19. Comb Sea Star, Astropecten polyacanthus, burrows in sand and mud, and is common around Sydney. It is one of the few echinoderms in the harbour to tolerate low salinities. Photo, S. Ahyong. 264 The growth in harbour records and consequent number of echinoderm species discovered in the harbour has substantially increased from 1860 until now (Figure 11), although the majority of old records do not have a specific collection date (Figure 9). As with Crustacea, the rate of discovery follows a step-wise pattern with the largest jump in the late 1960s. This jump follows the expansion Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour in numbers of research staff at the Australian Museum in the late 1960s and early 1970s, among them, echinoderm specialist Frank W. E. Rowe, with tenure at the Australian Museum from 1974 to 1989. Of all groups surveyed, the echinoderms have the fewest records and species outside the Eastern region, and none in the Western region (Figures 7, 8). This pattern owes largely to the biology of echinoderms, the majority of which are poor osmoregulators that do not tolerate significantly fluctuating salinities (Diehl 1986). As such, the majority of records are from the eastern-most harbour habitats. Molluscs Figure 20. Heart Urchin, Brissis agassizii, is seldom seen because it generally lives below the surface of the sea-bed. It occurs widely in the Indo-Pacific, and in Sydney Harbour, is found in the eastern region. Photo, Ashley Miskelly. Figure 21. Sand dollar, Clypeaster australasiae, is a sea urchin with very short spines. It occurs on sand and shelly substrates in the eastern harbour. Photo, Ashley Miskelly. Figure 22. Sea urchin, Temnopleurus alexandri, is a highdomed urchin that lives on rocky reefs in the eastern harbour amongst seaweeds. It usually camouflages itself with debris and weed fragments. Photo, Ashley Miskelly. 2013 Among the taxonomic groups included in this paper, the molluscs comprise the greatest number of records (10,598), families (224), genera (725) and species (1339) (Figure 6, Appendix) (Figures 23-28 illustrate some of the diversity). This pattern follows a wider trend and these relative proportions are mirrored throughout the Australian Museum marine collections. The mollusc collection dates from around 1860 and many of the ‘peaks’ seen in Figure 9 coincide with major donations. Rather than necessarily reflecting peaks in collecting activity, these spikes correspond to acquisitions of large collections or the date of the death of a collector if the specimens were acquired after that time. Often the early collectors did not record the date of collection with their specimens, so the collection dates were recorded by the museum as merely prior to the date of acquisition. Starting from the earliest to the most recent, the peaks (Figure 9) likely correspond to the following acquisitions of more than 3000 specimens that did not have exact collection dates with the specimens (some of these were former Australian Museum curators who may have acquired specimens from third parties): 1877, W. H. Hargraves collection donated; 1900, pre-1900 material from various sources; 1912, J. C. Cox collection donated; 1930, M. J. Waterhouse collection donated; 1965–1966, T. A. Garrard collection donated; late 1960s, C. F. Laseron collection donated; and in 1970, L. Woolacott collection Figure 23. Architectonica perspectiva fressa, holotype. This species were first described from specimens collected in Sydney Harbour. Photo, Mark Allen. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 265 Hutchings et al. peak corresponds to the Sydney Harbour Biosecurity Survey conducted for the Sydney Ports Authority by the Australian Museum (Australian Museum Business Services 2002). Figure 24. Chiton vauclusensis, holotype. This species were first described from specimens collected in Sydney Harbour. Photo, Mark Allen. Reviewing the distribution of records (Figure 7) it appears that there are significant areas of the harbour that have not been sampled. The Eastern and Northern regions have the greatest number of specimen records, and, mirroring this, the greatest number of species (1201 and 788 respectively (Figure 8)). Within these zones the most extensively sampled regions are at depths of less than 10 m. This can be seen by comparing Figures 1 and 7. Some areas appear to be the targets of intensive collections of molluscs, with 301–1000 records indicated for the following locations: Middle Harbour, Manly Cove, Middle Head, Watsons Bay, Shark Bay, Berry’s Bay, and off Mosman (Bradley’s Head, Taylor’s Bay and Chowder Bay). The Central and Western regions have been poorly collected for molluscs and this may be due in part to difficulties obtaining access to these areas. In addition, only in recent years have Australian Museum malacologists focussed on freshwater and brackish water molluscs, which are likely to occur in the westernmost arms of the catchment area of the harbour. The paucity of specimens from these areas is reflected in the number of records (Figure 7) as well as the number of species, with 234 species recorded from the Central region and only 31 in the Western zone. Figure 25. Laciniorbis morti. This drawing was done by Joyce Allan for Records of the Australian Museum. Sydney Harbour is the type locality for the species. Australian Museum.. It is likely, however, that rather than reflecting collecting effort, this pattern of decreasing diversity from east to west may be real. It may relate to the decreasing diversity of habitat types and depths and fluctuating salinity, which decrease and increase respectively from east to west (see Figure 1 and Beck and Birch 2012a, b). Figure 11 indicates that for all four regions, the number of molluscs recorded over the last 150 years is approaching a plateau. This could indicate that our knowledge of molluscan diversity in Sydney Harbour is approaching completion, or it could reflect the diminution of taxonomic research in recent years (Figure 9). Unfortunately, the decline in taxonomic research is currently a worldwide problem that urgently needs to be addressed. Figure 26. Pteraeolidia ianthina. This ‘solar powered’ Sea Slug is commonly known as the ‘Blue Dragon’ by divers in eastern Australia. Photo, Matt Dowse. donated. Other peaks possibly correspond to the activities of various museum curators some of whom were more avid collectors than others, or actively identified and catalogued local species. Most recently, Winston Ponder, who became Curator of Molluscs in 1968, has contributed significantly to the museum’s collections. The 2001 266 Figure 27. Sepia mestus, known as the ‘Red Cuttle’, or ‘Reaper Cuttlefish’ is commonly found in shallow rocky reefs and is often seen by divers, sheltered under overhanging rock ledges. Photo, Becca Saunders. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour Figure 28. George French Angas’s hand-painted figures of Port Jackson nudibranchs, from Angas and Crosse (1864). 2013 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 267 Hutchings et al. Fishes Early white settlers learned a little about the fishes of Sydney Harbour as a result of their need for food. Scientific knowledge of the ichthyofauna, however, developed slowly. In his Voyage to Botany Bay (1789) Arthur Phillip described a Port Jackson Shark, Heterodontus portusjacksoni, and a Wobbegong, Orectolobus maculatus, from the harbour. Since those humble beginnings, our knowledge of the fauna of Sydney Harbour has grown spasmodically (Figure 11). Castelnau’s Essay on the Ichthyology of Port Jackson (1879) compared the fish faunas of Sydney Harbour and Victoria. More recently, Henry (1984), in his paper on commercial and recreational fishing in Sydney Harbour, stated that “The Australian Museum has recorded 581 fish species from the Sydney estuary” but did not provide a species list. The remarkably rich fish fauna is comprised of warm temperate water species and tropical species carried south in the warm East Australian Current. As of December 2011, 586 species of fishes from 391 genera and 160 families were known to occur in Sydney Harbour (Figure 6, Appendix, current figures available at http://www.australianmuseum.net.au/ Fishes-of-Sydney-Harbour). This can be put into perspective by comparing with the 540 species known to occur in the entire Mediterranean Sea (Helfman et al. 2009). Blackwattle Bay in the Central region, with divers on scuba using rotenone to intensively sample the fish fauna (Figure 10). Some iconic Sydney Harbour species are shown in Figures 29-33. During the ‘wonder decade’ (1970–1980), about 150 species of fishes were added to the species count, with increases in species numbers in all four regions (Figure 11). The largest increases were in the Eastern and Northern regions respectively. During this time, the number of species known from the Northern region overtook that of the Central region. It is important to note that the two periods of greatest increase in species numbers correspond with times when Australian Museum staff members were actively pursuing programs of both research and collection in the harbour. The relatively small increase in species numbers, despite the large collection effort in 2001 may partially be accounted for by the absence of an Australian Museum ichthyologist actively working on the fauna of the harbour. Over the last two decades, the number of ichthyological The Australian Museum’s earliest dated records of Sydney Harbour fishes begin in 1878, with the collection of 15 specimens (11 species), followed by 29 specimens (16 species) in 1879. In the 133 years since, four main ‘spikes’ in collecting activity have occurred (Figure 9). The first was between 1880 and 1890, during the tenure of Edward Pierson Ramsay (1874–1894) and James Douglas Ogilby (1884–1890). A smaller spike in collecting effort occurred in 1908, during the tenure of Allan Riverstone McCulloch (1906–1925). Over the next 60 years, minor but consistent collecting was undertaken, largely during the 42 year tenure of Gilbert Percy Whitley (1922–1964). The 1970s saw a decade of intensive collecting coinciding with the employment of John Paxton (1969–1998) and Doug Hoese (1971–2004). See Saunders (2012) and http:// www.australianmuseum.net.au/Fish-Section-Staff for more information on the early Australian Museum ichthyologists. Figure 29. The Port Jackson Shark, Heterodontus portusjacksoni, occurs in the eastern zone. It is a distinctive blunt-headed species that has a spine in front of both dorsal fins. The ‘harness-like’ colour pattern distinguishes it from the similar-looking Crested Horn shark, Heterodontus galeatus. Photo, Sascha Schulz. The number of fish species known from the harbour has increased over time, but not steadily (Figure 11). Not surprisingly, dramatic increases in species numbers occurred during the two decades of intense collecting discussed above (1880–1890 and 1970–1980). During the first period, the number of species known from the harbour rose from ‘a handful’ (those recorded in early works and not retained at the Australian Museum) to over 200 that were incorporated into the Australian Museum collection. The number of known species climbed dramatically in the decade between 1970 and 1980 largely due to the efforts of Paxton who ran a seven year trawling program in the harbour, along with seining, rotenone sampling and visits to the fish market (Paxton and Collett 1975, Figure 2). The most recent spate of intensive sampling occurred around 2001 and is largely attributable to work done by the Australian Museum for the Sydney Harbour Biosecurity Survey conducted for the Sydney Ports Authority (Australian Museum Business Services 2002). During this survey, fishes were collected at 19 sites, from Chowder Bay in the Eastern region to Figure 30. The Sydney Cardinalfish, Apogon limenus, can be recognised by the wide gap between the second and third stripes, and the short stripe running posteriorly from the top of the eye. It is a common Sydney Harbour species that is usually observed in small aggregations. The species name limenus comes from the Greek word limen, meaning ‘harbour’ or ‘refuge’. Photo, Ian Shaw. 268 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour research staff at the Australian Museum has decreased from three positions (Paxton, Hoese, Leis) to one halftime position (Leis). It is unlikely that the current species count would remain static if another program of harbourcentric research was undertaken. Figure 31. Despite its name, the Eastern Blue Groper, Achoerodus viridis, is not a grouper, but a wrasse. The species was made the fish emblem for New South Wales in 1996. The large, blue males commonly approach divers. Photo, Dave Harasti. Despite the decline in the Australian Museum’s ichthyological research capacity, the number of species known from the harbour continues to increase, often due to the work of international ichthyologists. In 2004, Australian Museum Research Associate, Hiroyuki Motomura (2004), described the Sydney Scorpionfish, Scorpaenopsis inspiratus (http://www.australianmuseum.net. au/Sydney-Scorpionfish-Scorpaenopsis-insperatus). Nearly a decade later, the holotype and paratype, both collected by staff of the Australian Museum at Clifton Gardens in the Eastern region, are the only specimens of the species that have been collected. The live colouration of the species is unknown. Another new species known from the harbour, an anglerfish (http://www.australianmuseum.net. au/Undescribed-Anglerfish/), is currently being described by Rachel Arnold from the University of Washington. Many species of fishes collected from coastal areas of Sydney have not been recorded from the harbour. The outer harbour is essentially a marine environment that contains suitable habitats for many of these coastal species. Almost certainly, unrecorded coastal species occur in the Eastern region. Figure 32. Eastern Red Scorpionfish, Scorpaena jacksoniensis, are commonly seen on rocky reefs of the outer harbour. Individuals spend much of the day motionless on the bottom. For many years, this species was incorrectly called Scorpaena cardinalis. The correct name, S. jacksoniensis (see Motomura et al. 2011), refers to the type locality of Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour). It is also known locally as the ‘Red Rockcod’. Photo, Dave Harasti. Figure 33. The distinctive Common Seadragon, Phyllopteryx taeniolatus, is usually seen in association with kelp-covered reefs in the outer harbour. The species is often referred to as the Weedy Seadragon, which can cause confusion with the more southerly-distributed Leafy Seadragon, Phycodurus eques. Photo, Sascha Schulz. 2013 Many species records are based on vagrant fishes such as tropical species (e.g. butterflyfishes, cardinalfishes, damselfishes, surgeonfishes, gobies) and pelagics (e.g. billfishes, lamnid sharks, driftfishes, trevallies). Their occurrence may be based on a single record. The current paper includes 175 species (29.9%) for which the collection contains only a single specimen. It is unclear how many species are resident, how many are vagrants and how many are simply rare. An analysis of the resident fish fauna of Sydney Harbour is beyond the scope of this paper (Booth 2010). Figure 7 clearly shows large areas of the harbour (primarily in the Northern and Western regions) in which there has been no fish collecting undertaken by the Australian Museum. If these areas are targeted, current knowledge of fish distributions will undoubtedly be improved. This point is illustrated by a single day of collecting from near Roseville Bridge, Middle Harbour (Figure 1) in May 2012 during which specimens of Blackmargin Dartfish, Parioglossus marginalis and Pacific Blue Eye, Pseudomugil signifier were collected. These were new records for the harbour and for Middle Harbour respectively. The collection of a White’s Seahorse, Hippocampus whitei at the same locality was a notable range extension (~15 km upstream) within Middle Harbour. A larval fish sampling program would enhance our understanding of the fish fauna of Sydney Harbour. Larvae commonly have very different habitat requirements, behaviours and food requirements to adults. Little collecting of larval fishes has been undertaken. Specimens exist from the work of Leis and colleagues who made a number of collections at Collins Flat and Quarantine Beaches (North Head) and Lockett who collected larvae from Homebush Bay and the Lane Cove River. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 269 Hutchings et al. Discussion This first attempt in more than a century to collate the fauna of selected groups from Sydney Harbour has revealed an amazing diversity with almost 20,000 records, 632 families, 1830 genera and 3023 species recorded. Certainly this is an underestimate of the diversity of the harbour as groups such as sponges, ascidians, bryozoans and many of the smaller groups, have not been included. As shown in Figure 8, the Eastern and Central areas have the greatest number of records for all groups excluding polychaetes. The Western area has the least. This may be due to inadequate sampling, but it is also the area with the lowest diversity of habitats and, periodically, the lowest salinities, especially after heavy rain. This would severely impact some taxa; for example, echinoderms are almost completely marine and polychaetes largely so and would not survive under these conditions. Other contributing factors may be that, historically at least, water quality was poor in this region with limited tidal flushing, and access to sampling sites is often difficult. Further east, good tidal flushing has reduced the impact of land-based pollution from harbour foreshore industries (Davis and Birch 2010, 2011). In recent decades most foreshore industries in the Western region have now been relocated with the valuable land sold off for residential development. Similar comments are also true for the Northern region (except this region has never had many shore-based industries). With over 3000 marine species, Sydney Harbour is truly a biodiverse waterway for a combination of reasons, including a tremendous diversity of habitats, varying in types of sediment, depth, and vegetation. Seagrass beds (Figure 34) and algal beds (Figure 36) are widespread especially in the Eastern region although these deep water algal beds have not been accurately mapped. West et al. (2004) have undertaken a survey of the harbour based on aerial surveys of the distribution of seagrasses, mangroves (Figure 37), kelp and seagrass beds. They show that seagrass beds Figure 35. Rocky shores opposite North Head. Photo, Penny Berents, Australian Museum. The most speciose area is the Eastern region, which has more habitat types (seagrasses (Figure 34), rocky shores (Figure 35), soft substrates, pelagic habitat, is essentially an extension of the coastal marine environment. This region has been the target of the most intensive collecting effort using many techniques for all of the target groups. Interestingly, while the number of species known from the Eastern (marine) region continues to grow, the numbers from the other regions have only increased slightly over time, although for all groups the 2001 survey for Sydney Ports (Australian Museum Business Services 2002) increased the number of known species. Figure 34. Posidonia australis seagrass beds toward the entrance to the harbour withYellowfin Bream, Acanthopagrus australis swimming above. Photo, Dave Harasti. 270 Figure 36. The kelp Ecklonia from around Clarke Island at 2.5 m. Photo, Graham Edgar. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour have changed substantially over the last 20 years and some subsequent maps have been produced (Creese et al. 2009). The same is true for mangrove communities further upstream (McLouglin 1987, 2000). Adam (1996) documented the distribution of saltmarshes around Homebush Bay and refers to the history of saltmarsh reclamation and modification in this region (Clarke and Benson 1988; Kachka 1992) (Figures 38-40). Inside Sydney Heads are extensive sponge gardens that are home to diverse communities of invertebrates and fishes (Hutchings pers. observ. Figure 41). Also inside the heads are extensive sea-urchin barrens (Figure 43). Many intertidal habitats have been substantially changed since European settlement with reclamation for buildings, seawalls, port and marina facilities, replacing Figure 39. Homebush Bay prior to 1930. Prepared for Homebush Bay Corporation Figure 37. Mangroves Avicennia marina along Middle Harbour. Photo, Penny Berents, Australian Museum. Figure 38. Saltmarsh at Homebush Bay with Casuarina glauca to the right, Suaeda australis (bright green) and Sarcocornia quinqueflora. The salt marsh forms a zone between the Casuarina and mangroves (Avicennia marina in the top left). Photo, Paul Adam. 2013 Figure 40. Homebush Bay reclamation from 1900–1988, Prepared for Homebush Bay Corporation Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 271 Hutchings et al. complex substrates and habitat with large areas of uniform, hard surfaces (Glasby and Connell, 1999) (Figure 42). Mangrove coverage has also changed over time (McLoughlin 2000 and refs therein; West et al. 2004; Creese et al. 2009), but significant stands are still present in the Northern and Western regions (Melville et al. 2005). Sydney Harbour, is a natural harbour and has experienced relatively little dredging except around in areas such as Circular Quay and Darling Harbour and further upstream around Homebush Bay associated with salt ponds and later industry (Clarke and Benson 1988; Fox and Associates 1986). Another peculiar complication for the malacology collection is determining the status of specimens collected as empty shells. If empty shells were collected from a locality at which the same species is currently living, it is reasonable to assume that the shells are recent. In the absence of living individuals, however, an assessment is made on the state of the shell and its microhabitat to determine whether the shell is recent. A fresh-looking The largest number of records from the harbour are of molluscs. But, does this pattern in Sydney Harbour reflect collection effort (as measured by the number of records) and research focus, or are molluscs really the most diverse marine group in Sydney Harbour? Do historical factors need to be considered? The Australian Museum mollusc collection differs in some important respects from the other collections covered in this report. Because of its vast size, only about one-third of the entire mollusc collection is presently databased, so the statistics regarding the mollusc records from Sydney Harbour must be considered preliminary. Of these records, however, a higher proportion of local species (i.e., from the Sydney area and environs) rather than distant or non-Australian material is databased. Another significant difference is that, unlike the other groups treated here, molluscs are a major target group for amateur collectors, who have been the source of many specimens in the Australian Museum collection, especially in the early years (Hope Black 1998). These collections have come to the Museum periodically, either purchased or donated, often with only approximate or no information on the dates of collection and sometimes dubious locality information and identifications. Little emphasis was placed on accurate recording of data up to the mid 20th century. Because the early records are largely comprised of information from donated collections, they tend to be less reliable than data obtained from more recent collections. Figure 41. Sponge gardens inside North Head at the Blocks dive site at 18–20 m. The reddish vase sponge resembles Phyllospongia with a cyanobacterial symbiont. Photo, Howard Womersley | divebuzz.com. 272 Figure 42. Mud flats at Hen and Chicken Bay with Bartailed Godwits feeding, and illustrating the reclamation on the opposite side with concrete walls replacing saltmarsh. Photo, Pat Hutchings. Figure 43. Urchin Barrens occur all around North and South Head, Quarantine Bay and at several locations in the harbour such as the reef around Chowder Bay and Middle Head, at depths of 2 m to 20 metres. Photo, Dave Harasti. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 Sydney Harbour shiny shell is usually modern, but some subfossils can have a remarkably ‘fresh’ appearance. If a shell came from deep dredging, from well below the substrate surface, it could be a subfossil, and then geological evidence is required to estimate its age. In ascertaining species distributions, fossil shells add a significant time dimension that needs to be considered. Mollusc species numbers may be overinflated by the inclusion of fossil molluscs — the listed species will probably include some that no longer occur in the harbour but may have occurred there at some time in the geological past. Also, for all the groups considered in this paper, additional species may be present in other collection databases but checking these was beyond the scope of this paper. We know for example that a paratype of Oxycheilinus nigromarginatus, the Blackmargin Maori Wrasse (http:// www.australianmuseum.net.au/Blackmargin-MaoriWrasse-Oxycheilinus-nigromarginatus/), from Camp Cove (Eastern region) is held in the collection at Museum Victoria (A 11834). No specimens of this species from the harbour are currently in the Australian Museum collection. For all the invertebrate groups, additional collecting, especially in deeper parts of the harbour and in soft sediments, will undoubtedly result in the discovery of additional species and records. An area which has been very poorly sampled is upstream from Spit Bridge which covers approximately 4.7 km2, and represents 9.1% of the total harbour and while molluscs are reasonably well sampled in this area (~9.3% of all records), other groups are not (1.0% polychaetes, 1.7% fish, and 3.8% crustaceans, with virtually no echinoderms but this is to be expected) (Figure 7), certainly targeted surveys in this region would no doubt increase the known diversity of the harbour. In addition, among the invertebrate groups there are collections of unstudied material that remain to be identified and databased; these will no doubt include additional records and new species. Also, as seen in Appendix, some records are yet to be identified to species level, and this in part reflects taxonomic limitations. Considering that Australia’s largest city surrounds the harbour, it is remarkable that we have such a diverse fauna. However, we have not yet determined how many records of species have not been found in the past 10–20 years. Even if we did so, it would be difficult to know whether they have actually been lost from the harbour or whether their habitats have simply not been sampled recently. In no small part, the diversity found in the harbour is due to its geomorphology and the wide deep entrance that greatly facilitates water exchange and recruitment from nearby areas. Without this water exchange, salinity would be much less stable and water quality would have been seriously compromised, especially in the late 1800s early 1900s when sewage remained untreated and a whaling station operated at Mosman. Comparisons with neighbouring estuarine areas are instructive. To date, the total number of polychaete, crustacean and mollusc species recorded from Sydney Harbour stands at 2319, although these numbers are certainly a significant underestimate of true species richness since many areas of the harbour are poorly sampled. This compares with 1636, 1335 and 981 species known from the nearby (<30 km) estuaries Botany Bay, the Hawkesbury River and Port Hacking, respectively, based on Australian Museum collection records (Hutchings and Murray 1984; Wilson 1998; Fraser et al. 2006). Each of these areas is smaller and has far fewer types of habitat than Sydney Harbour, highlighting the environmental significance of the harbour. Sydney Harbour is clearly a highly diverse environment in which much remains to be discovered. The present study highlights the remarkable species richness of Sydney Harbour. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Ian Loch and Des Beechey who provided historical information regarding the Malacology collection. Patricia Egan provided us with images from the Australian Museum archives and Fiona Simpson and Emma Gray of the library at the Australian Museum also helped us with tracking down early literature. Michael Elliot manipulated the data base for us. The bathymetry of Sydney harbour was kindly supplied by Phil Mulhearn of Sydney University based on the soundings of Roads and Maritime Services. John Paxton is acknowledged for his comments on fish collecting during the 1970s. Amanda Hay and Sally Reader have worked for years improving the accuracy of fish database records. Alex Hegedus assisted with locating early historical records of marine invertebrates. Winston Ponder checked for introduced mollusc species. We also thank the valuable comments made by the two reviewers and the editor. Finally we would like to thank all the following photographers who have allowed us to reproduce their photos. They are acknowledged by name in the figure captions. John Hooper is thanked for identifying the sponges for us. This is contribution 78 from the Sydney Institute of Marine Science. References Adam, P. 1996. Saltmarsh Vegetation Study. Homebush Bay Ecological Studies 1993–1995. CSIRO 2: 113–127. Ahyong, S. T. 2001. Revision of the Australian Stomatopod Crustacea. Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 26: 1–326. Ahyong, S. T. 2004. 12. Stomatopoda – mantis shrimps. Pp 517–548 in Marine Decapod Crustacea of Southern Australia: 2013 a guide to identification with chapter on Stomatopoda by Shane Ahyong, edited by G.C.B. Poore. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, VIC. Ahyong, S. T. 2006. Phylogeny of the clawed lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Homarida). Zootaxa 1109: 1–14. Ahyong, S. T. and Lee, T. 2005. Charybdis moretonensis Rees & Stephenson, 1966, a junior synonym of Charybdis granulata Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 273 Hutchings et al. (de Haan, 1833) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zootaxa 1089: 57–63. Ahyong, S. 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Hydrobiologia 464: 227–243. 2013 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 275 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 276 A complete list of all polychaetes, crustaceans, echinoderms, molluscs and fishes recorded from Sydney Harbour compiled from records in the Australian Museum database. Non-indigenous species indicated (*), cryptogenic (**). Non-indigenous and cryptogenic crustaceans based on Ahyong & Wilkens (2011). Polychaetes Family Scientifc name Ampharetidae Ampharetidae Ampharetidae Amphinomidae Amphinomidae Amphinomidae Aphroditidae Aphroditidae Aphroditidae Arenicolidae Capitellidae Capitellidae Capitellidae Capitellidae Capitellidae Capitellidae Capitellidae Capitellidae Chaetopteridae Chaetopteridae Chaetopteridae Chaetopteridae Chaetopteridae Chrysopetalidae Cirratulidae Cirratulidae Cirratulidae Cirratulidae Cirratulidae Cirratulidae Cirratulidae Cirratulidae Cossuridae Dorvilleidae Dorvilleidae Dorvilleidae Dorvilleidae Dorvilleidae Dorvilleidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Eunicidae Euphrosinidae Euphrosinidae Flabelligeridae Flabelligeridae Flabelligeridae Flabelligeridae Glyceridae Goniadidae Hesionidae Hesionidae Hesionidae Hesionidae Lumbrineridae Lumbrineridae Isolda pulchella Pseudoamphicteis papillosa Ampharetidae sp. Amphinome rostrata Eurythoe complanata Amphinomidae sp. Aphrodita australis Aphrogenia margaritacea Aphroditidae sp. Arenicola loveni Barantolla lepte Capitella capitata Capitella sp. Heteromastus sp. Mediomastus australiensis Notomastus chrysosetus Notomastus estuarius Capitellidae sp. Chaetopterus sp. Chaetopterus variopedatus Phyllochaetopterus socialis Chaetopteridae sp. Spiochaetopterus sp. Chrysopetalidae sp. Chaetozone setosa Cirriformia capensis Cirriformia chrysoderma Cirriformia filigera Cirriformia sp. Cirriformia tentaculata Cirratulidae sp. Tharyx retusiseta Cossura sp. Dorvillea australiensis Ophryotrocha labronica Protodorvillea sp. Schistomeringos filiforma Schistomeringos loveni Dorvilleidae sp. Eunice antennata Eunice aphroditois Eunice laticeps Eunice sp. Eunice tubifex Lysidice sp. Marphysa sp. 1 Marphysa sp. 2 Nematonereis sp. Palola siciliensis Eunicidae sp. Euphrosine longesetosa Euphrosine sp. Brada sp. Flabelligera affinis Pherusa cinctus Flabelligeridae sp. Glyceridae sp. Goniada antipoda Microphthalmus sp. Ophiodromus angustifrons Ophiodromus microantennata Hesionidae sp. Augeneria verdis Lumbrineris latreilli Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 1 2 1 4 1 7 1 1 1 11 2 4 2 5 2 1 4 2 2 2 4 8 3 1 11 1 2 1 2 4 2 3 2 1 1 1 10 2 1 28 10 7 1 10 2 8 3 2 4 2 1 1 1 2 3 6 2 4 4 2 4 9 5 E E EC E E E EN E E N CW CW W EC EC CW W EC E E C EC EC C C ECN N EW C EN ECN C EW E E E E ECNW EC E ECN ECN E E EN W EC EC E EN E E E E E EC EC EC W EW C EC EC EW 1971 1929 2001 none 1923-1972 2006 1929-1979 1989 1922 1918 1985-2001 1986-1994 1985-1992 2001 2001 1992-2001 1992 2001 2001 1976-1989 2001 1973-2001 2001-2011 2001-2009 1986 1946-1986 1968 1984-1994 2003 none 2001-2006 1986 1992-2001 1959-1968 1994 1972 1988 1971-1998 1972-2001 none 1885-1968 1908-1968 1910-2005 1948 1910-2005 1989-1992 1910-1963 2001 1972 2000-2006 1972 2005 none 1968 1979 1989-2001 1929-2001 2001 1992 1968-1989 1986 1929-2001 2001 1974-1994 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Lumbrineridae Lumbrineridae Maldanidae Maldanidae Maldanidae Maldanidae Nephtyidae Nephtyidae Nephtyidae Nephtyidae Nephtyidae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Nereididae Oenonidae Oenonidae Oenonidae Oenonidae Onuphidae Onuphidae Onuphidae Onuphidae Onuphidae Onuphidae Onuphidae Opheliidae Opheliidae Opheliidae Orbiniidae Orbiniidae Orbiniidae Orbiniidae Orbiniidae Orbiniidae Orbiniidae Oweniidae Paraonidae Pectinariidae Pectinariidae Pectinariidae Phyllodocidae Phyllodocidae Phyllodocidae Phyllodocidae Pilargidae Pilargidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Lumbrineris sp. Lumbrineridae sp. Maldane sp. Micromaldane nutricula Praxillella sp. Maldanidae sp. Micronephthys maryae Micronephthys sp. Micronephthys sphaerocirrata Nephtys australiensis Nephtys inornata Alitta succinea Australonereis ehlersi Ceratonereis aequisetis Ceratonereis lapinigensis Ceratonereis sp. Leonnates sp. Neanthes biseriata Neanthes cricognatha Neanthes kerguelensis Neanthes sp. Neanthes vaalii Nereis cockburnensis Nereis maxillodentata Nereis sp. Perinereis akuna Perinereis amblyodonta Perinereis barbara Perinereis calmani Platynereis antipoda Platynereis australis Platynereis bicanaliculata Platynereis dumerilii Pseudonereis anomala Nereididae sp. Arabella sp. Halla sp. Oenone sp. Oenonidae sp. Australonuphis parateres Australonuphis teres Diopatra aciculata Diopatra dentata Diopatra sp. Kinbergonuphis sp. Onuphidae sp. Armandia intermedia Polyophthalmus pictus Opheliidae sp. Leitoscoloplos bilobatus Leitoscoloplos normalis Naineris australis Scoloplos cylindrifer Scoloplos novaehollandiae Scoloplos simplex Orbiniidae sp. Galathowenia quelis Paraonidae sp. Pectinaria antipoda Pectinaria dodeka Pectinariidae sp. Eulalia sp. Nereiphylla sp. Phyllodoce sp. Phyllodocidae sp. Sigambra sp. Pilargidae sp. Antinoe sp. Augenerilepidonotus dictyolepis Harmothoe ascidiicola # Records Regions Years 5 3 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 13 1 2 9 13 1 5 5 1 12 8 1 8 2 17 12 6 10 7 5 1 3 6 4 1 12 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 9 1 1 3 4 1 2 2 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 5 1 12 1 2 18 E EC E E E C E EC C CNW E W ECNW CW E E C N ECN EC C ECN E ECN E ENW EN EN E N E EC ECN E ECN E EC E C E E EN EN E E EC EW C EC E W C EN E N C C E E E C EN E E ECN C EC E E ECN 1910-2005 2000-2005 2005 1988 none 2001 2001 2001 2001 1953-2001 2001 1972 1909-1994 1985-1994 1973 1972-1973 2001 1972 1971-2001 2001 1999 1910-1998 1962-1968 1968-2005 1910-1973 1919-1989 1908-1969 1908-1972 1908-1972 1971 1962 1910-2001 1968-2001 1968 1963-2005 1910 1892 none 2001 none none 1963-1977 1971-1980 none 1972 1972-2001 1976-1994 1998 1910-2001 1972 1989 1986 1909-1968 1908 1980 2001 2001 2001 none 1925-1928 2001 1958-1972 1961 1972-1976 1910-2006 2001 2001 1910 1989 1908-1972 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 277 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 278 Family Scientifc name Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Polynoidae Sabellariidae Sabellariidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Sabellidae Scalibregmatidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Serpulidae Sigalionidae Sigalionidae Sigalionidae Sphaerodoridae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Harmothoe charlottae Harmothoe praeclara Harmothoe sp. Harmothoe waahli Lepidonotus jacksoni Lepidonotus melanogrammus Lepidonotus oculatus Lepidonotus sp. Malmgreniella phillipensis Paralepidonotus ampulliferus Polynoe sp. Polynoidae sp. Idanthyrsus australiensis Sabellariidae sp. Amphicorina bicoloris Amphicorina dentata Amphicorina sp. Amphiglena sp. Branchiomma sp. Demonax sp. Desdemona aniara Desdemona sp. Euchone limnicola Laonome triangularis Notaulax sp. Pseudopotamilla sp. Sabellastarte australiensis Sabellastarte sp. Sabellidae sp. Asclerocheilus heterochaetus Crucigera sp. Ditrupa australis Ficopomatus enigmaticus Filograna sp. Galeolaria gemineoa Galeolaria hystrix Galeolaria sp. Hydroides brachyacanthus Hydroides diramphus Hydroides elegans** Hydroides ezoensis* Hydroides monroi Janua formosa Janua pseudocorrugata Metavermilia acanthophora Neodexiospira brasiliensis Neovermilia globula Protula palliata Salmacina australis Serpula hartmanae Serpula jukesii Serpula sp. Simplaria pseudomilitaris Serpulidae sp. Spirobranchus corniculatus Spirobranchus sp. Spirobranchus taeniatus Spirobranchus tetraceros Spirobranchus zibrowii Euthalenessa fimbriata Sigalionidae sp. Sthenelais pettiboneae Sphaerodoropsis sp. Boccardia chilensis Boccardia fleckera Carazziella victoriensis Dipolydora flava Dipolydora giardi Dipolydora socialis Dipolydora sp. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 5 7 5 1 3 1 1 1 1 4 36 3 1 3 3 1 1 16 13 4 3 16 1 1 15 11 1 9 1 1 1 3 2 10 1 1 2 9 67 22 1 1 1 1 2 6 2 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 18 1 1 3 1 1 6 3 5 2 1 7 10 N EN ECW E E EC E E E W EC ECN E C E E E E EC EC CW EC ECW C E EC E E EC E E E CW E ECN E E E EC ECN EC E E E E C E EC E E E E E EC E E E EC E E EC C C CW E ECW EC N ECN EC 1970 1908-1972 1910-1992 1908-1979 none 1982-1998 none 1910 1973 1994 1894 1908-2002 1972-1983 2001 1988 1988 2001 2001 2001-2009 1974-2001 1992-1999 1973-2001 1992-2001 1986 2005 2001-2006 1922-2005 1972 1910-2003 2001 2001 1950 1972-1998 2005 1946-2002 none 1921 1972-1973 1988-2001 1910-2003 1998-2001 1988 1967 1967 none 1998 1910-1997 none 1972 1989 1955-1989 none 1967 1910-2006 1996 1988 none 1951-2001 1955 none 1929 2001 2009 1971-2001 2001 1985-2001 1971-2001 1968 1968-2001 2001 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Spionidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Dispio glabrilamellata Microspio sp. Orthoprionospio cirriformia Polydora haswelli Polydora sp. Polydora woodwicki Prionospio kulin Prionospio multibranchiata Prionospio nirripa Prionospio sp. Prionospio tridentata Prionospio yuriel Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata Rhynchospio sp. Scolelepis sp. Spionidae sp. Spio pacifica Amblyosyllis multidenticulata Amblyosyllis speciosa Autolytus sp. Branchiosyllis maculata Branchiosyllis thylacine Brania kerguelensis Brania pusilla Erinaceusyllis horrockensis Eusyllis inflata Exogone africana Exogone fustifera Exogone heterosetoides Exogone heterosetosa Exogone naidinoides Exogone sp. Haplosyllis sp. Haplosyllis spongicola Langerhansia cornuta Langerhansia ferruginea Megasyllis corruscans Megasyllis inflata Myrianida pachycera Odontosyllis australiensis Odontosyllis detecta Odontosyllis freycinetensis Odontosyllis polycera Opisthodonta melaenonephra Parahaplosyllis brevicirra Perkinsyllis koolalya Perkinsyllis sp. Pionosyllis sp. Prosphaerosyllis longipapillata Prosphaerosyllis magnoculata Salvatoria koorineclavata Salvatoria longisetosa Salvatoria quadrioculata Syllidae sp. Sphaerosyllis hirsuta Syllides japonicus Syllides longocirrata Syllides spinosus Syllis augeneri Syllis gracilis Syllis nigropunctata Syllis prolifera Syllis sp. Syllis variegata Syllis zonata Trypanosyllis coeliaca Trypanosyllis zebra Typosyllis armillaris Typosyllis corruscans Typosyllis parturiens # Records Regions Years 1 1 2 4 7 1 1 1 1 9 8 5 7 1 2 5 2 2 1 11 1 1 5 2 3 1 3 10 1 7 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 3 9 1 2 2 2 3 4 1 1 1 3 1 3 1 4 25 8 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 6 2 1 1 3 3 1 1 E W W CN EC C E E E EC EC W ECW E EC EC EN E C E E E E E EN E EN EN E ECN C E E E C E EN E E E E EN EN E EC E N E EN E EN E E ECN EN E E E E EC E E EN E E C E E E E 1971 1992 1992 1968-1972 1972-2001 2001 1972 1989 2001 1971-2001 1976-2001 1985-1994 1972-2001 1989 2001 1976-2001 1980 1920 2009 none 2006 2006 none none 1983-1996 none 1983-1989 1983-1996 1989 1983-2009 2009 1996 1920 2005 1986 none 1910-1983 2006 1920 1996 1920-2005 1971-1983 1983-2006 1920 1996-2009 1989 1988 1996 1983-1996 2009 1983-1989 none 1996-2005 1910-2009 1983-1996 2006 1972 1996 2005 1986 2005 2003 1972-1996 2003 2006 2009 1968 none 1968 none Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 279 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. Family Scientifc name Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Syllidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Terebellidae Trichobranchidae Trichobranchidae Trichobranchidae Trichobranchidae Trichobranchidae Trichobranchidae Typosyllis pectinans Typosyllis punctulata Typosyllis sp. Typosyllis truncata Typosyllis variegata Amaeana sp. Amphitrite pachyderma Baffinia biseriata Eupolymnia koorangia Eupolymnia sp. Lanice bidewa Lanicides fascia Lanicides tribranchiata Loimia ingens Longicarpus modestus Nicolea amnis Pista australis Pista typha Reteterebella aloba Streblosoma acymatum Terebellidae sp. Terebella conchilega Terebella sp. Terebella tantabiddycreekensis Thelepus australiensis Thelepus boja Thelepus extensus Thelepus robustus Octobranchus myunus Trichobranchus tribranchiata Trichobranchidae sp. Terebellides kowinka Terebellides mundora Terebellides sp. # Records Regions Years 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 5 2 1 3 1 1 3 27 18 4 1 5 2 14 1 1 1 1 3 13 1 2 1 1 5 1 4 E E C E EC C N E E E E E E EC EC EN EN E E EC E N N N E E EN E EC N C EC E EC none none 2003 none 1968-1998 2001 1971 1972 1948 1972 1972-1996 1973 1976 1892-1979 1946-2001 1971-1989 1970-1971 1989 1910-2001 1909-1986 1972-2006 1909 1909 1983 1948 1910-1972 1922-1973 none 2001 1971 2001 1989-2001 2001 2001 # Records Regions Years 2 1 1 1 7 1 3 1 2 3 1 7 2 10 13 2 1 1 4 1 1 3 1 2 4 12 2 2 1 1 1 1 C N E E EC E EN W E E E E E ECN EN E E E EC E C EC E EC EC EN E E E E N E 1997 2002 none 1934 1892-1961 1967 1943 1985 none none 1923 1921-1928 1908 1919-1982 1901-1968 1953 1975 1928 1978 none none 1927 none 1964 1908-1964 1971-1981 none 1972 1971 none 1970 1971 Crustaceans 280 Family Scientifc name Actaeciidae Actaeciidae Aegidae Aegidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Alpheidae Amaryllididae Amaryllididae Amaryllididae Amaryllididae Ampeliscidae Ampeliscidae Amphilochidae Actaecia bipleura Actaeciidae sp. Aega cyclops Aega serripes Alpheus cf digitalis Alpheus cremnus Alpheus edwardsii Alpheus euphrosyne Alpheus minor neptunus Alpheus novaezealandiae Alpheus pacificus Alpheus papillosus Alpheus parasocialis Alpheus richardsoni Alpheus socialis Alpheus stephensoni Arete dorsalis Athanas dimorphus Athanas granti Betaeus australis Synalpheus neptunus neptunus Synalpheus paraneomeris Synalpheus stimpsonii Synalpheus streptodactylus Synalpheus tumidomanus Amaryllis brevicornis Amaryllis keablei Amaryllis macrophthalma Amaryllis sp. Ampelisca australis Ampelisca sp. Amphilochidae sp. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Ampithoidae Anamixidae Antheluridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Anthuridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Aoridae Apseudidae Apseudidae Archaeobalanidae Archaeobalanidae Archaeobalanidae Archaeobalanidae Archaeobalanidae Archaeobalanidae Arcturidae Arcturidae Arcturidae Arcturidae Armadillidiidae Ascidicolidae Atyidae Axiidae Axiidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Balanidae Bodotriidae Bodotriidae Bresiliidae Calappidae Ampithoe caddi Ampithoe cinerea Ampithoe hyalos Ampithoe kava Ampithoe ngana Ampithoe sp. Cymadusa munnu Cymadusa setosa Cymadusa sp. Exampithoe kutti Peramphithoe parmerong Peramphithoe sp. Plumithoe quadrimana Plumithoe quadrimanus Anamixis yarrega Anthomuda chorizema Amakusanthura olearia Anthuridae sp. Apanthura styphelia Apanthura xanthorrhoea Cyathura hakea Eisothistos sp. Eisothistos vermiformis Haliophasma maculata Haliophasma purpureum Mesanthura dianella Mesanthura romulea Mesanthura sp. Aora mortoni Aora sp. Aora typica Australomicrodeutopus haswelli Bemlos australis Bemlos sp. Grandidierella japonica Lemboides australis Lembos sp. Xenocheira fasciata Apseudes australis Apseudes sp. Acasta sulcata Austrominius covertus Austrominius modestus Hexaminius foliorum Hexaminius popeiana Striatobalanus amaryllis Neastacilla deducta Neastacilla macilenta Neastacilla sheardi Neastacilla vicaria Armadillidium vulgare Haplostomella australiensis Paratya australiensis Dorphinaxius kermadecensis Michelaxiopsis australiensis Amphibalanus amphitrite Amphibalanus variegatus Austromegabalanus nigrescens Balanus sp. Balanus trigonus Fistulobalanus albicostatus Megabalanus coccopoma Megabalanus rosa* Megabalanus tintinnabulum* Megabalanus volcano* Notomegabalanus algicola* Cyclaspis aspera Cyclaspis cf strigilis Discias brownae Calappa depressa # Records Regions Years 4 1 2 9 8 1 4 1 1 6 6 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 3 1 3 1 9 2 3 10 1 1 2 4 1 1 1 5 12 4 17 26 3 12 34 1 1 6 1 3 6 1 1 3 1 E E E E E N E E E E E E E E E E E E E E C E E E E E E E EN E E E N E W E EN E E E E CN E C CN C N EN E E W E NW E E ECNW ECN N EC ECN E E E C E EN E E E E 1994-2000 none 1981 1981-2007 1981-2000 1970 1981-1995 none none 1994-2000 1994-2000 1987 1918-1994 1994 1918 1972 1978 1973-1977 1978 1972 1978 none none none none 1972 1982 none 1980-1982 1982 none none 1980 1982 1992 1977 1970-1977 1976-1977 none 1976-1977 none 2001-2002 1953-1954 1984 1984-2002 none 1980 1970-1984 1973 none 1992 1967 1929 1907-1976 1908-1967 1900-2001 2001-2002 1909-1958 1883-1963 1890-2002 1951 2001 2001 none 1951-1988 1945-1959 1973 1972 1972-1978 none Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 281 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 282 Family Scientifc name Calappidae Calappidae Calappidae Calappidae Caligidae Caligidae Caligidae Callianassidae Callianassidae Callianassidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Caprellidae Catophragmidae Cheluridae Chondracanthidae Chondracanthidae Chthamalidae Chthamalidae Chthamalidae Chydoridae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Cirolanidae Clausidiidae Coenobitidae Colomastigidae Colomastigidae Coronulidae Coronulidae Corophiidae Corophiidae Corophiidae Corophiidae Corophiidae Corophiidae Corophiidae Corophiidae Cryptochiridae Cyamidae Cylindroleberididae Cylindroleberididae Calappa flammea Calappa gallus Calappa hepatica Calappa philargius Caligus sp. Lepeophtheirus molae Lepeophtheirus sp. Biffarius arenosus Eucalliax aequimana Trypaea australiensis Caprella californica* Caprella cf penantis? Caprella danilevskii** Caprella equilibra** Caprella penantis** Caprella penantis neglecta Caprella scaura** Cyrtophium sp. Dodecas hexacentrum Hemiaegina sp. Metaprotella excentrica Metaprotella sp. Metaproto novaehollandiae Orthoprotella australis Orthoprotella berentsae Paracaprella alata Paradeutella echinata Catomerus polymerus Chelura terebrans Acanthochondria sp. Alimeda orientalis Chamaesipho tasmanica Chthamalus antennatus Pachylasma scutistriata Alonella duoodonta Anopsilana willeyi Cirolana arcuata Cirolana australiense Cirolana furcata Cirolana harfordi* Cirolana triloba Eurylana arcuata* Natatolana brucei Natatolana bulba Natatolana cf bulba Natatolana corpulenta Natatolana endota Natatolana gorung Natatolana kahiba Natatolana rusteni Natatolana woodjonesi Neocirolana obesa Teredicola typicus Coenobita sp. Colomastix brazieri Yulumara sp. Platylepas decorata Platylepas sp. Apocorophium acutum* Corophiidae sp. Corophium sp. Dryopoides sp. Haplocheira barbimana Monocorophium acherusicum* Monocorophium insidiosum* Paracorophium sp. Cryptochirus coralliodytes Isocyamus delphinii Cylindroleberididae sp. Cylindroleberis sp. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 4 1 14 1 2 1 5 1 4 14 1 16 11 41 3 22 1 6 3 4 4 6 6 3 2 7 3 8 1 1 2 8 1 1 2 4 12 2 24 1 7 3 2 1 3 3 1 3 9 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 4 11 1 1 3 7 1 2 1 2 2 E EC E ECNW E E E ECN N EN EC E E ECW EC E ECW E E E E E E E E E E N ECW E E E CN C E E E EN E ECN C EC N N E N E E NW EN EN E E E E E E E E EN ENW N E EW W N E E N EN none 1908-1933 none 1928-2000 1972 1882 1976 1963-1968 none 1929-1968 2001 1995 1995-2001 1927-2001 1995-2001 1927 1926-2001 1972 1887-1974 1988 none none none none none 1900 1974-2001 1958 1928-1972 none none 1982 1915-2002 none none 1988 1974 1923-2009 1972 1972-2009 1988 1987-2009 1988 1988-1994 1988 1988 1929-1930 1988 1988-1994 1988 1925-1988 1974 1971 1922 1973 1974 1985 1980 1926-1987 1972-2002 1970-1985 1970 none 1926-1992 1985 1970 1970-1979 1966 1988 1988 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Cylindroleberididae Cylindroleberididae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cymothoidae Cypridinidae Cypridinidae Cypridinidae Cypridinidae Cypridinidae Cypridinidae Cypridinidae Cyproideidae Cyproideidae Cyproideidae Dexaminidae Dexaminidae Dexaminidae Dexaminidae Dexaminidae Diastylidae Dichelesthiidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Diogenidae Dromiidae Dromiidae Dromiidae Dromiidae Dromiidae Dromiidae Dromiidae Endevouridae Enoplometopidae Epialtidae Epialtidae Eudactylinidae Eusiridae Eusiridae Eusiridae Eusiridae Eusiridae Eusiridae Eusiridae Exoedicerotidae Exoedicerotidae Galatheidae Galatheidae Gnathiidae Gnathiidae Gnathophyllidae Gnathophyllidae Goneplacidae Diasterope sp. Synasterope sp. Codonophilus argus Codonophilus imbricatus Creniola laticauda Irona melanostricta Irona renardi Lironeca raynaudii Mothocya renardi Nerocila macleayi Nerocila orbignyi Ourozeuktes owenii Ourozeuktes pyriformis Azygocypridina lowryi Cypridinidae sp. Lowrya kornickeri Siphonostra sp. Skogsbergia sp. Vargula karamu Vargula sp. Cyproidea ornata Cyproidea sp. Paracyproidea lineata Atylus sp. Dexaminidae sp. Guernea sp. Paradexamine sp. Polycheria antarctica Dimorphostylis colefaxi Anthosoma crassum Calcinus latens Cancellus typus Clibanarius virescens Dardanus arrosor Dardanus deformis Dardanus pedunculatus Dardanus setifer Diogenes custos Diogenes senex Paguristes pugil Paguristes squamosus Strigopagurus strigimanus Cryptodromia sp. Dromidiopsis australiensis Dromidiopsis sp. Epigodromia sculpta Lamarckdromia globosa Metadromia wilsoni Stimdromia lateralis Ensayara sp. Enoplometopus occidentalis Huenia bifurcata Menaethius monoceros Nemesis lamna Eusiridae sp. Eusiroides monoculoides Eusiroides sp. Gondogeneia microdeuteropa Gondogeneia sp. Paramoera fissicauda Sancho kuiteri Exoediceroides maculosus Exoediceros fossor Galathea australiensis Galathea whiteleggii Gnathia ferox Gnathia pustulosa Gnathophyllum americanum Gnathophyllum taylori Ommatocarcinus macgillivrayi # Records Regions Years 1 1 1 5 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 45 2 1 3 4 2 5 1 4 5 1 2 3 2 2 3 1 5 2 1 8 5 3 2 6 2 10 4 3 5 1 1 3 1 9 8 1 15 1 1 10 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 7 22 27 6 1 2 1 1 1 7 N E E EN E E E E E E E EW E N N N E EN E EN E E E E E N EN E W E E EC E E EN E E EN E E EN E E E E E E E EC E E E E E E E E E E E E EN ECN E E E E E E E 1988 1988 none none none 1927 none none none none 1959 1927-1974 none 1993 1988-1993 1993 1988 1988-1993 1988 1988-1993 1918-1984 1984 none 1971-1972 1972-1974 2000 1918-1977 none 1985-1992 none none 1939-1953 1889-1926 none none 1929-1974 1953 1929-1972 none none 1889 none none 1922 none 1922-1926 1886 none 1922-1972 1976 1979 1923-1926 1928 none 1972 1974 1978 1918 1969 none 1981 1980-1990 1980-2000 1895-1928 none none none 1976 none 1930 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 283 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 284 Family Scientifc name Gonodactylidae Grapsidae Grapsidae Grapsidae Grapsidae Grapsidae Grapsidae Gynodiastylidae Gynodiastylidae Heloeciidae Hemisquillidae Heteralepadidae Hexapodidae Hippolytidae Hippolytidae Hyalidae Hyalidae Hyalidae Hyalidae Hyalidae Hyalidae Hymenosomatidae Hymenosomatidae Hymenosomatidae Hymenosomatidae Hymenosomatidae Hymenosomatidae Iblidae Iciliidae Iciliidae Idoteidae Idoteidae Inachidae Inachidae Inachidae Inachidae Inachidae Inachidae Inachidae Iphimediidae Iphimediidae Iphimediidae Isaeidae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Ischyroceridae Janiridae Janiridae Janiridae Janiridae Janiridae Janiridae Joeropsididae Joeropsididae Kalliapseudidae Laomediidae Latreilliidae Lepadidae Lepadidae Lepadidae Lepadidae Gonodactylus chiragra Planes minutus Leptograpsodes octodentatus Leptograpsus variegatus Pachygrapsus laevimanus Pachygrapsus transversus Planes minutus Gynodiastylis cf costata Gynodiastylis costata Heloecius cordiformis Hemisquilla australiensis Heteralepas sp. Hexapinus granuliferus Alope orientalis Lysmata sp. Hyale niger Hyale sp. Protohyale niger Protohyale rubra Protohyale rupicola Ptilohyale crassicornis Amarinus laevis Amarinus paralacustris Halicarcinides nuytsi Halicarcinus ovatus Hymenosoma hodgkini Neorhynchoplax octagonalis Ibla quadrivalvis Icilius australis Icilius sp. Idotea metallica Idoteidae sp. Achaeus brevirostris Achaeus curvirostris Achaeus lacertosus Dumea cf latipes Dumea latipes Oncinopus aranea Oncinopus neptunus Iphimedia ambigua Iphimedia discreta Iphimediidae sp. Isaeidae sp. Ambicholestes berentsae Cerapus sp. Cerapus tubularis Ericthonius brasiliensis Ericthonius coxacanthus Ericthonius sp. Ischyroceridae sp. Ischyrocerus longimanus Jassa australis Jassa marmorata* Jassa slatteryi* Parajassa sp. Ectias sp. Iais pubescens longistylis Ianiropsis alanmillari Ianiropsis sp. Iathrippa longicauda Iathrippa sp. Joeropsis cf palliseri Joeropsis sp. Kalliapseudes obtusifrons Laomedia healyi Eplumula australiensis Alepas pacifica Alepas tubulosa Conchoderma auritum Lepas hilli Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 1 1 6 2 6 1 1 1 18 2 8 2 8 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 3 2 1 37 3 1 6 4 1 3 1 3 4 7 1 8 8 2 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 2 2 6 2 5 1 4 4 4 4 1 1 3 3 E E E E E E E E E ECNW E EC E E E E E E E E EC N CW E ECN CW N EN E E E N E E EN E EN E E E E E E E E E E W E E E C E N E E CN E E E E E E E ECW EC E E E E 1948 none none 1922 1924-1968 1922-1923 none 1974 none 1923-1962 1903 1924-1964 none 1889-2005 1972 2000 1923 none 1984 none 1922-1992 none 1929-1985 1926 1923-2001 1992-2001 none 1958-2002 1972 1909 none 1979 none 1928 1942 none 1923-1971 1894-2001 1976 none 1918 1976 1974 1984 1976 1974 1926-1927 1992 1923 1977 1918-1976 1999 1926-1927 none 1972-1976 1974 1920 1995 1972-1992 1974 1887-1974 1974 1972-1976 1976-1977 1924-1935 1978 1962 none 1955-1963 1950-1988 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Leptocheliidae Leucosiidae Leucosiidae Leucosiidae Leucosiidae Leucosiidae Leucosiidae Leucosiidae Leucosiidae Leucothoidae Leucothoidae Leucothoidae Leucothoidae Leucothoidae Leucothoidae Lichomolgidae Ligiidae Ligiidae Ligiidae Liljeborgiidae Liljeborgiidae Limnoriidae Limnoriidae Limnoriidae Limnoriidae Limnoriidae Limnoriidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Lysianassidae Macrophthalmidae Macrophthalmidae Macrophthalmidae Macrophthalmidae Macrophthalmidae Macrophthalmidae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Maeridae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Leptochelia ignota Bellidilia undecimspinosa Ebalia crassipes Ebalia dentifrons Ebalia intermedia Ebalia ramsayi Leucosia anatum Paranursia abbreviata Philyra platycheir Leucothoe assimilis Leucothoe cf spinicarpa Leucothoe cf trailli Leucothoe commensalis Leucothoe spinicarpa Paraleucothoe novaehollandiae Lichomolgus eganae Ligia australiensis Ligia cf exotica Ligia exotica Liljeborgia dubia Liljeborgia pallida Limnoria indica Limnoria lignorum Limnoria quadripunctata Limnoria rugosissima Limnoria saseboensis Limnoria tripunctata Hippomedon sp. Lysianassidae sp. Parawaldeckia sp. Parawaldeckia yamba Shoemakerella sp. Tryphosella tathra Tryphosoides sp. Waldeckia australiensis Waldeckia nitens Australoplax tridentata Ilyograpsus paludicola Macrophthalmus crassipes Macrophthalmus setosus Macropththalmus punctulatus Tasmanoplax latifrons Austromaera mastersii Ceradocus ramsayi Ceradocus rubromaculatus Ceradocus serratus Ceradocus sp. Elasmopus alalo Elasmopus sp. Linguimaera boecki Linguimaera hamigera Linguimaera sp. Maera sp. Mallacoota kameruka Mallacoota malua Mallacoota sp. Mallacoota subcarinata Parelasmopus sowpigensis Quadrimaera viridis Hyastenus diacanthus Hyastenus elatus Leptomithrax gaimardii Leptomithrax sternocostulatus Leptomithrax tuberculatus Micippa spinosa Microhalimus deflexifrons Naxia spinosa Naxia tumida Notomithrax minor Notomithrax ursus # Records Regions Years 17 10 17 4 1 4 4 1 3 2 4 1 5 3 7 1 1 1 8 1 1 3 1 13 5 5 16 1 2 12 1 2 2 3 1 1 2 1 13 9 1 2 5 7 8 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 1 2 2 5 4 4 21 34 2 10 1 14 8 9 7 13 1 EC E E E E EN E E E E E E E EN E E C E ECNW E E ECW E ECNW EC ECNW ECNW N E EN E E E EN E E NW N EC ECNW C EW EN EN E E E N EN E E N EN E E E EN E E ECNW ECNW E E E ECN E EN E ECN E 1994-2001 1897-1929 1897-1929 1895-1929 1928 none none none 1929 1976 1972-1974 1974 none 1895 1948-1968 1974 none 2001 1932-2002 1972 none 1971 none 1970-1971 2001 1970-1971 1928-1971 1970 1972 1970-1974 1981 1923-1938 1988-1993 1971-1988 none none 1941 none 1923 1943-1962 1923 1992 1971-1977 1927-1972 1918-1976 1976 1923-1972 1979 1970-1976 1976 none 1971 1972-1974 none 1996 1972 1972-1974 1976 1974-1976 1977-1980 1894-1981 none 1895-1968 1964 1894-1971 1927-1968 1930 1901-1968 1923-1972 none Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 285 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 286 Family Scientifc name Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Majidae Matutidae Matutidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melitidae Melphidippidae Mictyridae Mictyridae Munididae Mysidae Mysidae Mysidae Nannastacidae Nannastacidae Nannosquillidae Nebaliidae Nebaliidae Notodelphyidae Notodelphyidae Notodromatidae Ocypodidae Ocypodidae Ocypodidae Ocypodidae Oedicerotidae Oithonidae Oziidae Oziidae Paguridae Paguridae Paguridae Paguridae Palaemonidae Palaemonidae Palaemonidae Palaemonidae Palaemonidae Palaemonidae Palaemonidae Palinuridae Palinuridae Pandalidae Pandaridae Pandaridae Paracalliopiidae Paracalliopiidae Paramunnidae Paramunnidae Paramunnidae Paranebaliidae Paranebaliidae Paranthuridae Paranthuridae Paranthuridae Paranthuridae Paranthuridae Paranthuridae Paranthuridae Paramithrax barbicornis Pippacirama tuberculosa Prismatopus spatulifer Stenorhynchus falcifer Tumulosternum longimanus Ashtoret lunaris Matuta planipes Dulichiella australis Hoho cf hirtipalma Megamoera subcarinata Melita festiva Melita matilda Melita ophiocola Melita plumulosa Melitidae sp. Parapherusa crassipes Victoriopisa australiensis Prosocratus butcheri Mictyris longicarpus Mictyris platycheles Munida haswelli Heteromysis cf abrucei Mysidae sp. Rhopalophthalmus brisbanensis Nannastacidae sp. Nannastacus sp. Hadrosquilla perpasta Nebalia longicornis Nebaliidae sp. Doropygus flexus Pachypygus australis Newnhamia fenestrata Ocypode cordimana Scopimera sp. Uca crassipes Uca vomeris Monoculodes sp. Oithona australis Ozius deplanatus Ozius truncatus Lophopagurus nanus Pagurixus jerviensis Pagurus cf janitor Pagurus sinuatus Macrobrachium novaehollandiae Palaemon intermedius Palaemon litoreus Palaemon serenus Palaemonetes atrinubes Periclimenes carinidactylus Periclimenes cf commensalis Panulirus ornatus Sagmariasus verreauxi Chlorotocella spinicaudus Nesippus incisus Pandarus bicolor Paracalliope australis Paracalliope sp. Heterosignum sp. Paramunna sp. Paramunnidae sp. Paranebalia longipes Paranebalia sp. Accalathura sp. Leptanthura boweni Leptanthura diemenensis Paranthura ciliata Paranthura grevillea Paranthura miersi Paranthura senecio Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 3 10 1 1 7 2 5 7 1 1 1 4 50 25 4 2 6 1 23 1 1 4 5 10 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 11 1 2 1 7 15 12 2 12 1 2 1 4 8 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 2 1 3 1 1 E E E E E E EN E E E E ENW E NW E E W N EN E E EC E EC E E E C EN N E C E N N EN E E E EN E E E E ECW ECN EC E N E E E E E E E W W E E E E E E E EN E E E E 1906 1926-1928 none none 1923-1939 none none 1918-1996 none none 1923 1920-2002 1977-1995 1920-2006 1972-1977 none 1985-1994 1980 1900-1943 none none 2001 none 2001 1989 1981 1929 1928 1980-1982 1973 1973 none none none none 1958-1959 1971 1983 2001 1888-1968 none none 1968 1925-1972 1927-2004 1926-1976 1971 1922-1971 none 1966 1976 1958-1959 1907 1976 none none 1992 1985 1918-1989 1995 1989 none 1982-1984 none 1978-1982 1927-1980 none 1973 none 1981 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Paranthuridae Paranthuridae Paratanaidae Paratanaidae Paratanaidae Paratanaidae Parthenopidae Parthenopidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Penaeidae Percnidae Philomedidae Philomedidae Philomedidae Philosciidae Phliantidae Photidae Photidae Photidae Photidae Photidae Photidae Photidae Phoxocephalidae Phoxocephalidae Phoxocephalidae Phoxocephalidae Phoxocephalidae Phoxocephalidae Phoxocephalidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pilumnidae Pinnotheridae Plagusiidae Plagusiidae Plagusiidae Podoceridae Podoceridae Podoceridae Podoceridae Podoceridae Poecilasmatidae Poecilasmatidae Poecilasmatidae Poecilasmatidae Poecilasmatidae Pontellidae Porcellanidae Porcellanidae Porcellanidae Paranthura sp. Paranthuridae sp. Bathytanais juergeni Paratanais cf ignotus Paratanais linearis Paratanais sp. Cryptopodia spatulifrons Platylambrus validus Melicertus canaliculatus Melicertus plebejus Metapenaeopsis palmensis Metapenaeus bennettae Metapenaeus ensis Metapenaeus macleayi Penaeus esculentus Penaeus monodon Trachypenaeus curvirostris Percnon planissimum Euphilomedes sp. Philomedes sp. Scleroconcha sp. Philosciidae sp. Iphiplateia whiteleggei Ampelisciphotis sp. Gammaropsis cf hirsutus Gammaropsis crassipes Gammaropsis dentifera Gammaropsis sp. Photis dolichommata Photis sp. Birubius jirrandus Birubius muldarpus Brolgus tattersalli Harpinia sp. Matong matong Parharpinia villosa Tipimegus kangulun Actumnus setifer Ceratoplax cf glaberrima Ceratoplax glaberrima Ceratoplax inermis Eumedonus niger Heteropanope sp. Heteropilumnus fimbriatus Mertonia integra Pilumnopeus serratifrons Pilumnus fissifrons Pilumnus rufopunctatus Pilumnus spinicarpus Pilumnus tomentosus Pilumnus vestitus Rhizopa gracilipes Pinnotheres hickmani Davusia glabra Guinusia chabrus Plagusia squamosa Cyrtophium minutum Leipsuropus parasiticus Podocerus dentatus Podocerus sp. Podocerus vulgaris Octolasmis neptuni Octolasmis nierstraszi Octolasmis orthogonia Octolasmis sp. Octolasmis warwicki Pontella whiteleggei Ancylocheles gravelei Lissoporcellana spinuligera Pachycheles granti # Records Regions Years 2 1 1 6 1 4 1 1 18 7 3 5 2 10 4 4 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 8 5 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 2 1 14 11 12 1 1 35 4 3 6 9 1 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 10 1 E E E E E E E E ECW ECNW ECN E E EC EW E E E EN E E W E E E E E EW E E N E E E E E E E E E E E C E E ENW EC EC E E EC EC EC E EN E E E E EW E E E C EC E E E EC E 1972 none 2001 1972-1974 none 2001 none 1994 1913 1948-1999 1954 none none 1972 none 1908-1909 1972 none 1988 1988 1988 1992 none 1977 1973-1974 1972 none 1973-1985 1971-1974 1973-1974 1970 1972 1972 1918 none none 1972 none 1968 1895-1929 none none 1933 1926-1928 none 1888-1972 1902-1928 1888-1987 none 1972 1922-1930 1933 1930 1930 1922-2001 none none 1976 1976 1918-1992 1982 none 1988 none 1965 none none 1930 1894-1923 1932 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 287 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 288 Family Scientifc name Porcellanidae Porcellanidae Porcellionidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Portunidae Processidae Raninidae Rhynchocinetidae Rutidermatidae Scalpellidae Scyllaridae Scyllaridae Scyllaridae Scyphacidae Scyphacidae Sergestidae Serolidae Serolidae Sesarmidae Sicyonidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Pisidia dispar Polyonyx transversus Porcellio scaber Charybdis feriata Charybdis granulata Charybdis hellerii Charybdis miles Charybdis natator Lissocarcinus polybioides Nectocarcinus integrifrons Ovalipes australiensis Portunus armatus Portunus granulatus unispinosa Portunus orbitosinus Portunus pubescens Portunus rubromarginatus Portunus sanguinolentus Scylla serrata Thalamita admete Thalamita macropus Thalamita picta Thalamita sima Thalamita sp. Processa sp. Ranina ranina Rhynchocinetes serratus Rutidermatidae sp. Smilium peronii Arctides antipodarum Crenarctus crenatus Ibacus peronii Deto marina Scyphacidae sp. Acetes sibogae Serolina eugeniae Serolis pallida Parasesarma erythodactyla Sicyonia metavitulans Amphoroidella elliptica Cerceis acuticaudata Cerceis sp. Cerceis trispinosa Cerceis tuberculosus Cilicaea cf latreilli Cilicaea crassa Cilicaea sp. Cilicaea tenuicaudata Cilicaeopsis halei Cilicaeopsis sp. Cymodetta gambosa Cymodetta sp. Cymodoce aculeata Cymodoce aspera Cymodoce bidentata Cymodoce sp. Cymodopsis sp. Dynoides barnardii Exosphaeroma alata Exosphaeroma alveola Exosphaeroma sp. Haswellia anomala Haswellia carnea Haswellia emarginata Haswellia juxtacarnea Haswellia sp. Ischyromene sp. Neosphaeroma australe Neosphaeroma laticaudata Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 56 2 1 6 1 1 1 2 1 29 10 6 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 4 3 10 4 3 4 8 1 3 7 4 16 1 3 10 1 1 25 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 2 1 3 1 1 8 2 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 EC E W EW E E E E E EN EN EW E E E E EW CN E E E EN EC E E E N EC E E ECW W NW ECNW E E ECNW E E E E E C E E E E E E W C EN E E EN EN C CW EN EC E E E E E E E E 1939-2001 2001 1992 1887-2000 2000 1974 2000 1929-1974 1929 1886-1926 1907-1977 1887-1968 1929 1974 none 1923-1974 1926-1974 1959-1961 1926 1926-1929 none 1908-1988 1923-1926 1923 1929-1936 1889-1923 1988 none 1903-1967 1927-1932 1970 1992 1992-2002 1923-2001 1972 none 1898-1962 none none 1926 1928 none none none none 1974-1977 none none 1976 1992 1977 1926-1927 none none 1935-1988 1970-1972 1927 1927-1928 1984-1985 1972-1977 none none none 1926 none 1929 none 1973 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Sphaeromatidae Spongicolidae Squillidae Squillidae Squillidae Squillidae Squillidae Squillidae Squillidae Squillidae Stenetriidae Stenetriidae Stenetriidae Stenopodidae Stenothoidae Stenothoidae Stenothoidae Stenothoidae Synopiidae Taeniacanthidae Taeniacanthidae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Talitridae Tanaidae Tanaidae Tetraclitidae Tetraclitidae Tetraclitidae Tetrasquillidae Upogebiidae Upogebiidae Upogebiidae Uristidae Uristidae Urohaustoriidae Varunidae Varunidae Varunidae Varunidae Vibiliidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Neosphaeroma latifrons Oxinasphaera bisubula Oxinasphaera lobivia Paracassidina prolata Paracerceis sculpta* Paracilicaea cf septemdentata Paracilicaea pubescens Paracilicaea septemdentata Sphaeroma aspera Sphaeroma quoianum Sphaeroma sp. Sphaeroma terebrans Sphaeroma walkeri* Sphaeromatidae sp. Syncassidina aestuaria Microprosthema validum Belosquilla laevis Erugosquilla grahami Erugosquilla woodmasoni Harpiosquilla melanoura Levisquilla jurichi Oratosquilla oratoria* Oratosquillina berentsae Oratosquillina interrupta Stenetrium armatum Stenetrium sp. Tenupedunculus acutum Stenopus hispidus Stenothoe cf miersi Stenothoe miersi Stenothoe valida** Stenothoidae sp. Tiron sp. Cirracanthus monacanthi Taeniacanthus similis Arcitalitrus sylvaticus Microrchestia macleayana Notorchestia quadrimana Orchestia chilensis Orchestia macleayana Orchestia sp. Pittorchestia australis Platorchestia smithi Platorchestia sp. Talitridae sp. Talorchestia quadrimana Talorchestia sp. Tanaidae sp. Tanais tenuicornis Austrobalanus imperator Tesseropora rosea Tetraclitella purpurascens Acaenosquilla brazieri Acutigebia simsoni Austinogebia spinifrons Upogebia bowerbankii Ichnopus parriwi Ichnopus tenuicornis Urohaustorius metungi Cyclograpsus audouinii Helograpsus haswellianus Paragrapsus laevis Pseudohelice subquadrata Vibilia sp. Actaea granulata Actaea peronii Actaeodes tomentosus Atergatis floridus Banareia inconspicua Calvactaea tumida # Records Regions Years 1 1 1 2 18 1 11 1 2 20 5 3 16 4 2 4 29 11 1 4 1 13 1 1 3 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 5 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 3 6 10 6 1 1 1 6 5 1 3 11 5 36 1 1 16 6 1 1 1 5 E E N E EC E E E E ECNW ECW CW C EN W E ECW EN E E C ECW E E E E E E E C E E E C C EC W E C E CW W N N E E E E C ECN ECN EN E E E ECN EN E EN EN CNW ECNW E E EC E C E E E none none 1981 1972 1984-2001 1972 1902-1928 none none 1920-1929 1970-1988 1924-1926 1927-2001 1887-2002 1985-1992 1926-1983 1928-1994 1989-2000 1994 1925-2000 1933 1985-2003 1994 none 1974 1887-1974 1972 1976 none 1999 1918 1926-1977 1972 2001 2001 none 2001 2009 1965 none 1977-1992 2001 2002 2004 2003 none none 1972-1974 2001 2001-2002 1890-2002 1890-2002 none 1929 none 1967 1938-1988 none 1980 1922-2002 1941-1962 1888-2002 none 1990 1895-1933 1905-1975 none 1922 none 1929 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 289 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 290 Family Scientifc name Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Xanthidae Chlorodiella nigra Etisus demani Leptodius exaratus Liomera cf cinctimana Lybia australiensis Megametope punctatus Paraxanthias notatus Pilodius areolatus Xanthias elegans Xanthias sp. # Records Regions Years 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 3 1 1 E E E E E E E E E E none 1926 none 1983 1928 1929 1922 1925 none 1968 # Records Regions Years 3 4 9 3 1 4 1 2 2 14 15 3 64 23 14 6 31 1 18 4 10 21 10 35 18 1 9 4 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 12 27 2 2 3 2 3 12 1 2 1 2 1 15 2 34 21 EC EN EC E E EC E E E E EN E EN EN EN E EN E E C E EN E EN E E E E E E E E E EN E E EC E E E E E EC E E E E E ECN EN E EC none 1971-1981 1959-1972 none 1975 none 1951 none 1912 1909-1923 1922-1976 1976 1885-2001 1885-1909 1909-1981 none none none 1966 1885 1964-1966 1922-2002 1969-1981 1895-1981 1966-1976 none 1947-2002 none 1980 none none none 1963 1923-1968 1977 none 1961-2001 1964 1964-1982 none 1964 none 1909-1981 none 1912 none none 1977 1967 1973 none 1964-1978 Echinoderms Family Scientifc name Amphiuridae Amphiuridae Amphiuridae Amphiuridae Amphiuridae Amphiuridae Amphiuridae Amphiuridae Antedonidae Antedonidae Asteriidae Asteriidae Asteriidae Asteriidae Asteriidae Asterinidae Asterinidae Asterinidae Asterinidae Asterinidae Asterinidae Asterinidae Asteropseidae Astropectinidae Astropectinidae Astropectinidae Brissidae Brissidae Brissidae Brissidae Caudinidae Chiridotidae Chiridotidae Chiridotidae Chiridotidae Cidaridae Cidaridae Cidaridae Cidaridae Clypeasteridae Clypeasteridae Comasteridae Comasteridae Comasteridae Comasteridae Comasteridae Comasteridae Cucumariidae Cucumariidae Cucumariidae Cucumariidae Diadematidae Amphioplus lobata Amphipholis squamata Amphiura constricta Amphiura dolia Amphiura leptotata Amphiura sp. Ophiocentrus cf fragilis Ophiocentrus pilosa Antedon incommoda Antedon loveni Allostichaster polyplax Astrostole rodolphi Coscinasterias calamaria Coscinasterias muricata Uniophora granifera Indianastra inopinata Meridiastra calcar Meridiastra gunnii Meridiastra oriens Nepanthia belcheri Paranepanthia grandis Parvulastra exigua Petricia vernicina Astropecten polyacanthus Astropecten vappa Bollonaster pectinatus Brissus agassizii Eupatagus valenciennesii Metalia angustus Rhynobrissus hemiasteroides Caudina sp. Chiridota gigas Scoliorhapis theeli Taeniogyrus australianus Trochodota maculata Goniocidaris tubaria Phyllacanthus parvispinus Prionocidaris australis Prionocidaris callista Clypeaster australasiae Clypeaster sp. Cenolia tasmaniae Cenolia trichoptera Clarkcomanthus littoralis Comanthus wahlbergii Comatella stelligera Comatula solaris Cucuvitrum rowei Plesiocolochirus australis Plesiocolochirus ignava Plesiocolochirus spinosus Centrostephanus rodgersii Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Diadematidae Diadematidae Echinasteridae Echinidae Echinometridae Echinometridae Echinometridae Euryalidae Fibulariidae Goniasteridae Gorgonocephalidae Holothuriidae Laganidae Laganidae Loveniidae Loveniidae Ophiacanthidae Ophiactidae Ophiactidae Ophidiasteridae Ophidiasteridae Ophiocomidae Ophiocomidae Ophiocomidae Ophiocomidae Ophiodermatidae Ophiodermatidae Ophiodermatidae Ophiomyxidae Ophionereididae Ophionereididae Ophiotrichidae Ophiotrichidae Ophiotrichidae Ophiotrichidae Ophiotrichidae Ophiuridae Ophiuridae Ophiuridae Oreasteridae Oreasteridae Oreasteridae Oreasteridae Phyllophoridae Phyllophoridae Psolidae Psolidae Ptilometridae Schizasteridae Schizasteridae Sclerodactylidae Spatangidae Stichopodidae Stomopneustidae Synaptidae Temnopleuridae Temnopleuridae Temnopleuridae Temnopleuridae Temnopleuridae Temnopleuridae Temnopleuridae Toxopneustidae Toxopneustidae Toxopneustidae Toxopneustidae Diadema savignyi Diadema setosum Plectaster decanus Echinus sp. Heliocidaris erythrogramma Heliocidaris tuberculata Heterocentrotus mammillatus Astroceras pleiades Fibularia oblonga Pentagonaster dubeni Astrosierra amblyconus Holothuria sp. Laganum depressum Peronella peronii Echinocardium australe Echinocardium cordatum Ophiacantha heterotyla Ophiactis resiliens Ophiactis savignyi Fromia polypora Ophidiaster confertus Clarkcoma bollonsi Clarkcoma canaliculata Clarkcoma pulchra Ophiocoma dentata Ophiarachnella ramsayi Ophiopeza cylindrica Ophiopsammus assimilis Ophiomyxa australis Ophionereis australis Ophionereis schayeri Macrophiothrix lampra Ophiothela danae Ophiothrix caespitosa Ophiothrix ciliaris Ophiothrix spongicola Ophiocrossota multispina Ophiolepis superba Ophiura kinbergi Anthenea sidneyensis Gymnanthenea sp. Nectria ocellata Nectriaster monacanthus Stolus buccalis Thyone okeni Psolidium nigrescens Psolus squamatus Ptilometra australis Protenaster australis Schizaster (Ova) portjacksonensis Cladolabes perspicillum Maretia planulata Australostichopus mollis Stomopneustes sp. Leptosynapta dolabrifera Amblypneustes pachistus Amblypneustes pulchellus Holopneustes inflatus Holopneustes purpurascens Salmacis belli Salmacis virgulata Temnopleurus alexandri Pseudoboletia indiana Toxopneustes pileolus Tripneustes angulosus Tripneustes gratilla # Records Regions Years 3 1 4 1 56 6 1 2 1 5 3 1 1 6 9 11 1 27 5 1 1 2 2 19 1 65 2 4 4 1 37 1 4 16 6 23 4 1 6 26 1 3 1 8 3 4 2 7 1 2 25 3 1 1 6 1 3 6 12 2 1 41 10 3 4 13 EN E E E EN E C E E EN E E E E E ECN E E EN E E E E EC E E E E E E EN E E EN E ECN E E E ECN E E E E E ECN EC E E E EN E E E E E E E EN E E E E E E E 1959-1969 2008 1962 none 1895-2001 none 1926 none none 1962 none 1951 none none 1887-1895 1901-2001 none 1906-1981 1964 1978 1998 none none 1910-1960 none 1910-1977 none none none none 1909-1982 1967 1964 1906-1981 1930-1981 1922-1981 none none 1923 1965-1981 1976 1962-1964 1964 none 1968-1977 1911-1981 none 1912-1973 none none 1887-1981 1952 1983 none 1977 none none 2001 1887 1959-1963 none 1966 1948-1981 1966-1999 none 1958-1999 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 291 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 292 Molluscs Family Scientifc name Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acanthochitonidae Acteonidae Acteonidae Acteonidae Acteonidae Acteonidae Acteonidae Aegiretidae Aglajidae Aglajidae Akeridae Amathinidae Amathinidae Amathinidae Amphibolidae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anabathridae Anomiidae Anomiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Aplysiidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Architectonicidae Arcidae Arcidae Arcidae Arcidae Arcidae Acanthochitona coxi Acanthochitona granostriata Acanthochitona kimberi Acanthochitona pilsbryi Acanthochitona retrojecta Craspedochiton variabilis Leptoplax wilsoni Notoplax costata Notoplax crocodila Maxacteon fabreanus Maxacteon roseus Pupa coccinata Pupa fumata Pupa nivea Pupa tragulata Aegires punctilucens Melanochlamys sp. Philinopsis cyanea Akera soluta Amathina violacea Leucotina concinna Leucotina micra Salinator fragilis Anabathron lene Anabathron contabulatum Anabathron luteofuscus Anabathron pluteus Badepigrus badius Badepigrus protractus Badepigrus pupoideus Microdryas iravadioides Pisinna albizona Pisinna approxima Pisinna castella Pisinna frauenfeldi Pisinna kershawi Pisinna nitida Pisinna oblata Pisinna olivacea Pisinna salebrosa Pisinna vincula Anomia trigonopsis Monia zelandica Aplysia dactylomela Aplysia extraordinaria Aplysia juliana Aplysia parvula Aplysia sydneyensis Bursatella leachi Dolabella auricularia Dolabrifera brazieri Phyllaplysia sp. Adelphotectonica reevei Architectonica grandiosa Architectonica perdix Architectonica perspectiva Heliacus enoshimensis Heliacus implexus Heliacus ponderi Philippia lutea Pseudotorinia delectabilis Pseudotorinia laseronorum Psilaxis oxytropis Psilaxis radiatus Anadara granosa Anadara trapezia Arca ventricosa Barbatia botanica Barbatia foliata Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 3 11 4 10 17 4 1 1 3 1 3 4 32 11 1 1 1 1 11 8 30 4 4 7 10 14 3 5 6 5 4 22 9 12 7 8 4 9 27 13 12 39 11 7 6 9 2 1 5 13 3 2 10 5 1 1 1 3 4 5 3 1 7 3 1 23 1 5 1 EN EN E E EN E E E E E EN E ECN EN E E N E ECN EN EN EN ECNW EN EN EN E EN EN EN E EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN ECNW EN EN ECN ECN E E EW EN E E EN E E E E EN EN EN EN E EN EN N ECN E EN E 1897-1925 1896-1969 1899-1953 1889-1972 1865-1976 1925-1953 1864 1964 1901-1925 1928 1886-1928 1888-1928 1865-2001 1865-1972 1961 1978 1978 1977 1877-1980 1877-1975 1865-1985 1879-1976 1911-1992 1878-2002 1865-1969 1878-2009 1879-1976 1868-1967 1868-1967 1905-1961 1881-1976 1877-1998 1865-1967 1865-1967 1895-1967 1877-1967 1911-1967 1879-1967 1865-2009 1865-1968 1865-1968 1900-1997 1864-1994 1895-2000 1909-1980 1956-1979 1932-1982 1979 1893-1979 1877-1997 1893-1950 1979-2001 1877-1957 1949-1957 1978 1928 1877 1879-1928 1868-1980 1877-1966 1899-1980 1936 1928-1969 1928-1980 1957 1890-2011 1902 1889-1957 1967 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Arcidae Arcidae Arcidae Arminidae Arminidae Assimineidae Assimineidae Assimineidae Atlantidae Barleeidae Barleeidae Barleeidae Batillariidae Batillariidae Batillariidae Borsoniidae Borsoniidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Buccinidae Bullidae Bullidae Bullinidae Bursidae Bursidae Bursidae Bursidae Bursidae Caecidae Caecidae Caecidae Calliodentaliidae Calopiidae Calyptraeidae Calyptraeidae Calyptraeidae Calyptraeidae Calyptraeidae Cancellariidae Cancellariidae Cancellariidae Capulidae Capulidae Capulidae Capulidae Capulidae Capulidae Cardiidae Cardiidae Cardiidae Cardiidae Cardiidae Carditidae Carditidae Carditidae Carditidae Cassidae Cassidae Cassidae Cassidae Cassidae Barbatia parvivillosa Barbatia pistachia Barbatia sp. Armina cygnea Armina sp. Cryptassiminea buccinoides Cryptassiminea tasmanica sp. Atlanta sp. Amphithalamus incidata Amphithalamus jacksoni Amphithalamus pyramis Velacumantus australis Pyrazus ebeninus Zeacumantus subcarinatus* Filodrillia tricarinata Tomopleura subtilinea Cantharus pulcher Colubraria castanea Cominella eburnea Engina australis Fascinus typicus Fusus bednalli Fusus brazieri Fusus mestayerae Fusus schoutanicus Phos senticosus Pisania fasciculata Pisania gracilis Bulla orientalis Bulla quoyii Bullina lineata Bufonaria margaritula Bursa granularis Bursa rhodostoma Bursa verrucosa Tutufa bufo Caecum amputatum Caecum lilianum Parastrophia cygnicollis Calliodentalium crocinum Calopia imitata Bostrycapulus aculeata Bostrycapulus pritzkeri Crepidula immersa Sigapatella calyptraeformis Sigapatella hedleyi Cancellaria undulata Scalptia vinnula Tritonoharpa coxi Icunculus torcularis Icunculus zodiacus Lippistes fraterna Sirius badius Sirius cupiens Sirius idoneus Acrosterigma cygnorum Acrosterigma kerslakae Fulvia tenuicostata Nemocardium thetidis Vasticardium vertebratum Cardita excavata Cyclocardia dilecta Venericardia amabilis Venericardia bimaculata Phalium bandatum Semicassis angasi Semicassis bisulcata Semicassis labiata Semicassis pyrum # Records Regions Years 1 17 7 5 1 3 8 10 3 30 19 5 8 7 16 1 4 1 1 19 22 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 18 1 34 15 2 1 2 1 2 12 1 3 1 9 2 19 9 24 15 20 2 1 14 5 1 2 1 2 1 8 54 11 3 9 3 11 11 1 1 6 18 3 E EN EN E E CN CN ECNW N EN EN EN EC ECN ECN E E E E EN EN E N EN N E E C EN E EN EN E E E E E EN E EN N ECN E EN EN ECN EN EN E N EN N E EN E E E EN ECN ECN EN EN E EN EN E E E EN E 1970 1886-1972 1879-1980 1888-1977 1977 1963-1985 1905-1997 1894-1981 1911-1967 1868-2002 1868-1976 1879-1972 1928-2003 1877-1998 1950-2003 1877 1879-1948 1928 1982 1877-1971 1877-1985 1948 1902 1911-1970 1902 1950-1957 1931 1900 1877-1968 1928 1865-1977 1866-1970 1931 1928 1889-1943 1928 1928 1881-1981 1950 1903-1950 1905 1903-1982 2001 1866-2009 1865-1985 1866-1985 1877-1976 1877-1998 1873-1900 1911 1865-1980 1906-1967 1936 1900-1967 1928 1928-1931 2001 1895-1957 none 1877-1967 1896-1950 1877-2001 1900-1950 1895-1967 1873-1969 1928 1928 1928-1931 1911-1976 1928-1930 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 293 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 294 Family Scientifc name Cassidae Cassidae Cavoliniidae Cavoliniidae Cavoliniidae Cavoliniidae Cavoliniidae Cerithiidae Cerithiidae Cerithiidae Cerithiidae Cerithiidae Cerithiidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Cerithiopsidae Chamidae Chitonidae Chitonidae Chitonidae Chitonidae Chitonidae Chitonidae Chitonidae Chitonidae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Chromodorididae Cimidae Cimidae Cingulopsiae Cingulopsidae Cingulopsidae Cingulopsidae Cingulopsidae Cingulopsidae Cingulopsidae Cingulopsidae Clathurellidae Clathurellidae Clathurellidae Clathurellidae Clathurellidae Clathurellidae Clavagellidae Clavagellidae Clavagellidae Cleidothaeridae Columbellidae Semicassis sophia Semicassis thomsoni Cavolinia tridentata Cavolinia uncinata Clio pyramidata Diacavolinia longirostris Diacria trispinosa Cacozeliana granaria Cacozeliana icarus Cerithidium reticulatum Cerithium coralium Clypeomorus bifasciata Glyptozaria opulenta Ataxocerithium applenum Ataxocerithium gemmulatum Ataxocerithium serotinum Clathropsis tripilia Joculator hedleyi Notoseila tenuis Seilarex turritelliformis Socienna gregaria Socienna jacksonensis Synthopsis virgula Tubercliopsis exigua Tubercliopsis georgensis Tubercliopsis literalis Chama fibula Acanthopleura gaimardi Mucrosquama carnosus Onithochiton quercinus Rhyssoplax coxi Rhyssoplax jugosus Rhyssoplax translucens Rhyssoplax vauclusensis Sypharochiton pelliserpentis Ceratosoma amoena Chromodoris collingwoodi Chromodoris decora Chromodoris splendida Chromodoris thompsoni Glossodoris atromarginata Goniobranchus aureopurpurea Goniobranchus daphne Hypselodoris bennetti Hypselodoris obscura Mexichromis festiva Mexichromis macropus Miamira flavicostata Noumea haliclona Cima sp. Coenaculum minutulum Eatoniopsis castanea Eatonina hedleyi Eatonina hutchingsae Eatonina rubrilabiata Eatoniopsis castanea Eatoniopsis voorwindei Pseudopisinna alvea Pseudopisinna gregaria Etrema bicolor Etrema constricta Etrema nassoides Turrella letourneuxiana Turrella morologus Turrella tenuilirata Clavagella australis Clavagella multangularis Humphreyia strangei Cleidothaerus albidus Aesopus australis Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 4 1 3 1 2 2 56 52 14 2 1 1 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 8 10 17 8 11 5 2 14 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 2 6 2 1 2 1 4 3 4 1 2 5 5 22 2 1 17 5 1 5 9 1 4 8 7 5 10 5 E E E EN E E E ECN ECN ECN C N E E E EN E N N N N E N E E N ECN E E E E E E E EC E E E E E E E CN E EC E E E EC E EN N E EN E EN EN E EN EN E EN ECN E ECN EN E E EN EN 1928 1928-1929 1928 1877-1964 1893 1900-1929 1961-1963 1866-1985 1865-1985 1875-1982 1900 1950 1888 1959 1877 1877-1972 1951 1951 1911 1900 1951 1951 1951 1948 1948 1951 1860-1970 1893-1969 1889-1951 1864-1969 1897-1952 1895-1949 1866-1932 1908 1893-1996 1981 1977-1979 1976 1911-1981 1984-1989 1984 1982-1993 1997-2003 1978-1982 1978-2001 1998 1980 1981 1981-2003 1968-1982 1879-1957 2009 1976 1879-1976 1879-1976 1879-2002 1879-1968 1950 1865-2002 1890-1980 1954 1899-1980 1877-1970 1980 1888-1970 1877-1971 1867-1908 1861-1928 1877-2000 1911-1980 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Columbellidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Condylocardiidae Conidae Conidae Conidae Conidae Conidae Conidae Conidae Conorbidae Corbulidae Corbulidae Cornirostridae Costellariidae Costellariidae Crassatellidae Crassatellidae Cryptoplacidae Cuspidariidae Cuspidariidae Cuspidariidae Cyamiidae Cyamiidae Aesopus cassandra Aesopus pallidulus Aesopus plurisulcatus Aesopus spiculum Anachis atkinsoni Anachis fulgida Anachis lurida Anachis smithi Euplica poecilla Mitrella albina Mitrella australis Mitrella bicincta Mitrella intexta Mitrella leucostoma Mitrella lincolnensis Mitrella peroniana Mitrella semiconvexa Mitrella tayloriana Parviterebra brazieri Parviterebra trilineata Pseudamycla dermestoidea Pyrene scripta Pyrene testudinaria Retizafra plexa Zafra almiranta Zafra atrata Zafra regulus Zafra succinea Zella beddomei Austrocardiella trifoliata Benthocardiella burtonae Condylocardia limaeformis Condylocardia notoaustralis Condylocardia pectinata Condylocuna projecta Condylocuna tricosa Cuna concentrica Cuna cuneata Cuna delta Cuna saza Cuna vitrea Cunanax pisum Cunanax subradiata Micromeris angasi Ovacuna atkinsoni Saltocuna particula Warrana dielasma Warrana edentata Warrana minuta Conus anemone Conus angasi Conus aplustre Conus chaldeus Conus minnamurra Conus papilliferus Conus rutilus Benthofascis biconica Corbula smithiana Corbula tunicata Cornirostra pellucida Thala sp. Vexillum obeliscus Eucrassatella cumingii Talabrica fulvida Cryptoplax mystica Cuspidaria brazieri Cuspidaria latesulcata Cuspidaria sp. Cyamiomactra balaustina Cyamiomactra communis # Records Regions Years 6 10 21 1 71 8 10 41 1 1 15 14 2 4 21 37 19 17 2 7 16 15 1 3 1 4 1 1 17 16 5 2 44 1 11 1 13 3 8 8 1 5 1 3 17 1 6 1 7 22 5 7 1 1 21 6 1 8 16 5 1 2 2 5 13 7 7 3 1 3 EN EN EN E EN EN EN ECN N E EN ECN N EN EN ECN EN EN EN EN EN ECN N E E EN E N EN EN EN N ECN N EN N EN EN EC EN N EN E EN EN E EN E EN EN EN EN E E EN EN E ECN ECN EN E E E EN EN E E EC E EN 1901-1967 1879-1969 1865-1980 1914 1865-1985 1875-1967 1907-1969 1865-1985 1969 1877 1901-1985 1964-2011 1911 1911-1980 1875-1985 1865-1980 1877-1980 1866-1984 1874-1969 1929-1980 1877-1985 1877-2006 1950 1886-1959 1866 1866-1952 1865 1911 1866-1972 1879-1976 1906-1957 1957-1967 1873-2001 1926 1873-1981 1957 1879-1967 1950-1957 1873-1967 1891-1969 1969 1873-1969 1967 1955-1967 1881-1976 1955 1955-1967 1879 1900-1967 1877-1980 1877-1980 1900-1966 1958 1972 1877-1968 1904-1980 1972 1865-1969 1866-1985 1879-1967 1877 1928 1928-1967 1911-1992 1895-1972 1877-1955 none 2001 1955 1906-1967 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 295 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 296 Family Scientifc name Cyamiidae Cylichnidae Cylichnidae Cylichnidae Cylichnidae Cylichnidae Cylindrobullidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cypraeidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Cystiscidae Dendrodorididae Dendrodorididae Dendrodorididae Dentaliidae Dialidae Dialidae Diaphanidae Donacidae Donacidae Donacidae Donacidae Donaldinidae Dorididae Dorididae Dorididae Dorididae Dorididae Dorididae Dorididae Drilliidae Eatoniellidae Eatoniellidae Eatoniellidae Cyamiomactra mactroides Adamnestia arachis Cylichna thetidis Tornatina avenaria Tornatina exserta Tornatina sp. Cylindrobulla sp. Bistolida kieneri Bistolida ursellus Contradusta walkeri Cypraea sp. Erosaria cernica Erosaria eburnea Erosaria erosa Erosaria helvola Erosaria labrolineata Erosaria miliaris Erronea caurica Erronea errones Erronea subviridis Erronea xanthodon Lyncina carneola Lyncina lynx Lyncina vitellus Mauritia arabica Melicerona listeri Monetaria annulus Monetaria caputserpentis Notocypraea comptonii Notocypraea dissecta Ovatipsa chinensis Palmadusta clandestina Palmadusta humphreysii Purpuradusta fimbriata Purpuradusta gracilis Staphylaea staphylaea Talostolida teres Cystiscus angasi Cystiscus cratericula Cystiscus minutissima Cystiscus multidentatus Gibberula agapeta Gibberula subbulbosa Granulina nympha Granulina sp. Pugnus parvus Sinezona beddomei Dendrodoris denisoni Dendrodoris fumata Doriopsilla sp. Dentalium woolacottae Diala sulcifera Paradiala sp. Diaphana brazieri Donax brazieri Donax deltoides Donax faba Donax veruinus Murchisonella anabathron Aphelodoris sp. Discodoris sp. Hoplodoris nodulosa Jorunna funebris Rostanga arbutus Rostanga calumus Rostanga sp. Paracuneus immaculatus Crassitoniella erratica Crassitoniella flammea Eatoniella atropurpurea Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 5 14 15 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 5 1 6 5 7 1 2 2 7 6 2 1 7 1 4 5 6 1 1 2 4 5 3 6 1 3 26 2 1 1 1 6 31 1 9 1 3 3 3 5 26 10 5 3 4 1 4 6 1 3 12 1 1 1 1 4 5 30 26 EN ECN EN N N N E E E E E E E EN E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E EN E E E E EN E E N E EN EN N EN N CN C EC EN ECN ECN EN E EN C EN EN C E EC E C E C E EN EN EN 1906-1959 1865-1975 1865-1970 1968 1911 1971 1900-1975 1895 1950 1928 2001 1928-1935 1928 1928-1962 1895-1950 1921-1944 1940 1929-1948 1921-1935 1928-1940 1928-2000 1928-1969 1928 1912-1959 1955 1877-1971 1877-1940 1877-1972 1943 1928 1928-1929 1921-1959 1928-1950 1929-1957 1877-1928 1928 1895-1928 1866-1985 1945-1961 1875 1957 1981 1865-1972 1878-1982 1967 1878-1967 1901 1997-2002 1994-2003 2001 1865-1966 1878-1975 1865-1969 1877-1967 1914-1972 1888-1955 1888 1902-1969 1907-1997 2001 1976-1979 1978-2002 1991 2002 1979 2003 1889-1980 1911-1971 1865-2002 1865-2009 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Eatoniellidae Eatoniellidae Ebalidae Elachisinidae Elachisinidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Ellobiidae Emblandidae Epigridae Epigridae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Epitoniidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eatoniella galbinia Eatoniella puniceolinea Bacteridium sp. Dolicrossea labiata Elachisina sp. Allochroa layardi Cassidula granosula Cassidula zonata Laemodonta punctigera Laemodonta typica Leuconopsis inermis Marinula xanthostoma Ophicardelus ornatus Ophicardelus sulcatus Phytia myosotis * Pleuroloba quoyi Emblanda emblematica Epigrus cylindracea Epigrus dissimilis Amaea xenicima Cycloscala hyalina Epitonium antisoa Epitonium barissum Epitonium carchedon Epitonium christyi Epitonium coretum Epitonium fabia Epitonium helicornum Epitonium heloris Epitonium jousseaumei Epitonium jukesianum Epitonium parspeciosum Epitonium perplexum Epitonium philippinarum Epitonium pindasum Epitonium scalare Epitonium stigmaticum Epitonium tacitum Epitonium tenellum Opalia apostolorum Opalia australis Opalia ballinensis Plastiscala magna Plastiscala morchi Problitora moerchi Annulobalcis sp. Apicalia brazieri Apicalia sp. Charilda rosae Curveulima commensalis Curveulima cornuta Eulima incidenta Eulimitra vittata Eulitoma castanea Eulitoma nitens Fusceulima jacksonensis Hebeulima inusta Hebeulima sp. Hebeulima tumere Hemiliostraca sobrina Hemiliostraca sp. Hemiliostraca waltersi Hypermastus coxi Hypermastus mucronatus Hypermastus sp. Macertexta ovitesta Melanella acicula Melanella obtusa Melanella proxima Melanella sp. # Records Regions Years 22 1 1 5 1 4 2 6 1 12 6 3 21 13 3 22 7 3 15 2 9 2 3 1 6 5 15 1 1 1 62 8 6 16 1 1 2 18 8 2 9 11 3 2 3 2 2 2 7 3 6 1 1 2 2 12 4 6 2 7 2 2 1 3 10 1 1 4 1 2 EN E N EN E EN EN ECNW N ECN ECN EN ECNW ECNW EW ECNW EN EN EN EN EN E E E EN ECN EN E E E EN EN EN EN E E E EN EN C EN EN E E EN EN EN E EN EN EN E E EN E EN EN E E EN EN E E EN EN E N EN N EN 1865-1969 1955 1967 1873-2000 1955 1865-1911 1931-1955 1866-1975 1991 1879-1991 1866-1955 1901-1975 1866-1998 1905-1998 1902-1992 1866-1997 1906-1967 1900-1955 1868-1976 1953-1970 1900-1967 1928-1949 1879-1959 1928 1900-1967 1955-1967 1911-1967 1928 1928 1934 1874-1998 1866-1959 1900-1972 1866-1968 1928 1934 1950-1955 1865-1967 1912-2006 1864 1909-1970 1912-1975 1868-1959 1865-1871 1879-1980 1911-1955 1900-1908 1900-1961 1899-1980 1888-1903 1879-1967 1955 1954 1955 1878-1954 1865-1961 1902-1969 1868-1961 1879-1955 1878-1976 1913-1957 1878-1951 1911 1911-1954 1889-1967 1956 1957 1886-1985 1911 1878-1911 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 297 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 298 Family Scientifc name Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Eulimidae Fasciolariidae Fasciolariidae Fasciolariidae Fasciolariidae Ficidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Fissurellidae Gadilidae Gadilidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Galeommatidae Gastrochaenidae Gastrodontidae Glaucidae Glaucidae Glaucidae Glaucidae Glauconomiidae Glycymerididae Glycymerididae Glycymerididae Glycymerididae Goniodorididae Goniodorididae Goniodorididae Goniodorididae Goniodorididae Gryphaeidae Gymnodorididae Haliotidae Haliotidae Haliotidae Haliotidae Haminoeidae Haminoeidae Haminoeidae Haminoeidae Haminoeidae Haminoeidae Haminoeidae Haminoeidae Hemidonacidae Hemidonacidae Hiatellidae Hiatellidae Microeulima sp. Parvioris sp. Scalenostoma lodderae Sticteulima incidenta Sticteulima portensis Stilapex parva Stilapex sp. Fractolatirus normalis Fusinus colus Fusinus genticus Fusinus novaehollandiae Ficus subintermedia Amblychilepas javanicensis Amblychilepas nigrita Cosmetalepas concatenatus Diodora lineata Emarginula bajula Emarginula candida Montfortula rugosa Puncturella harrissoni Puncturella kesteveni Rixa watsoni Scutus antipodes Subzeidora devota Tugali parmophoidea Cadulus vincentianus Gadila spretus Borniola filosa Borniola lepida Borniola sp. Parvikellia sp. Scintilla sp. Scintilla strangei Varotoga cryptozoica Vermitexta garrardi Vermitexta sp. Gastrochaena sp. Zonitoides arboreus Austraeolis cacaotica Cratena lineata Phidiana sp. Pteraeolidia ianthina Glauconome plankta Glycymeris grayana Glycymeris holosericus Glycymeris striatularis Tucetona gealei Goniodoridella savignyi Goniodoris meracula Goniodoris sp. Okenia pellucida Okenia plana Hyotissa hyotis Gymnodoris ceylonica Haliotis brazieri Haliotis coccoradiata Haliotis hargravesi Haliotis rubra Cylichnatys campanula Haminoea sp. Haminoea wallisii Liloa brevis Liloa sp. Limulatys reliquus Haminoeidae sp. Ventomnestia colorata Hemidonax dactylus Hemidonax pictus Hiatella australis Panopea australis Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 1 4 7 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 16 3 16 6 18 27 15 13 5 19 4 29 28 8 5 27 2 1 2 17 18 12 1 1 3 10 2 1 2 6 3 5 5 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 6 21 1 16 11 6 1 18 10 1 1 2 8 3 77 4 N E EN ECN E E E E E E E E EN EN EN EN ECN EN ECN EN EN EN EN EN ECN EN EN EN EN EN N EN EN ECN EN E E EC EC E C E ECNW EN EN EN E E C C E C E E EN EN N EN ECN EN N ECN EN E N E EN E ECN EN 1899 1928 1900-1967 1881-1967 1955 1877-1903 1879 1864-1936 1928 1930 1928 1931 1900-1972 1900-1978 1911-1975 1877-1972 1880-1969 1890-1985 1866-1998 1879-1985 1878-1981 1893-1955 1866-2000 1880-1967 1866-1985 1868-1985 1879-1969 1902-1980 1879-2011 1961-1967 1967 1877-1967 1864-1969 1900-2003 1911-1970 1955 1888 1996-2009 1908-2000 1978 2001 1894-1981 1877-1997 1911-1928 1877-1956 1888-1911 1930-1940 1981-1982 2001 2001 1966 1984 1928 1977 1866-1980 1877-2011 1950 1877-1976 1881-1985 1877-1911 2009 1879-1985 1879-1974 1936 1911 1928-1930 1912-1969 1914-1955 none 1897-1967 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Hipponicidae Horaiclavidae Horaiclavidae Horaiclavidae Horaiclavidae Horaiclavidae Horaiclavidae Horaiclavidae Hydatinidae Hydatinidae Hydatinidae Hydrobiidae Hydrobiidae Hydrobiidae Idiosepiidae Idiosepiidae Iravadiidae Iravadiidae Iravadiidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Ischnochitonidae Janthinidae Janthinidae Kelliidae Kelliidae Kelliidae Kelliidae Kelliidae Kelliidae Kelliidae Kelliidae Laevidentaliidae Laevidentaliidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Lasaeidae Laternulidae Laternulidae Laternulidae Lepetidae Lepidopleuridae Lepidopleuridae Lepidopleuridae Limacinidae Limidae Antisabia foliacea Austrodrillia angasi Austrodrillia beraudiana Vexitomina coxi Vexitomina metcalfei Vexitomina pilazona Vexitomina suavis Vexitomina torquata Hydatina exigua Hydatina physis Micromelo guamensis Ascorhis tasmanica Tatea huonensis Tatea rufilabris Idiosepius notoides Idiosepius sp. Iravadia subquadrata Nozeba topaziaca Iravadiidae sp. Callistochiton antiquus Callochiton crocinus Ischnochiton australis Ischnochiton carinulatus Ischnochiton elongatus Ischnochiton examinandus Ischnochiton fructicosus Ischnochiton lentiginosus Ischnochiton smaragdinus Ischnochiton variegatus Ischnochiton versicolor Subterenochiton gabrieli Janthina exigua Janthina janthina Cicatella indenta Cicatella sp. Kellia cycladiformis Kellia jacksoniana Kellia rotunda Kellia tumida Marikellia solida Marikellia sp. Laevidentalium erectum Laevidentalium lubricatum Melliteryx acupuncta Melliteryx sp. Myllita calva Myllita deshayesii Myllita gemmata Myllita sp. Myllita tasmanica Rochefortia sp. Arthritica helmsi Arthritica sp. Lasaea australis Lasaea sp. Mysella anomala Mysella concentrica Mysella ovata Mysella sp. Mysella vitrea Lasaeidae sp. Laternula attenuata Laternula creccina Laternula marilina Propilidium tasmanicum Leptochiton badius Leptochiton liratus Leptochiton puppis Limacina bulimoides Divarilima sydneyensis # Records Regions Years 6 9 11 6 20 1 1 2 1 4 1 15 13 15 1 9 7 17 7 12 8 13 1 12 12 12 4 19 1 9 8 2 2 4 1 1 1 3 1 8 11 9 2 11 8 2 1 3 4 6 15 5 3 44 13 21 18 16 7 38 5 1 10 21 6 5 1 4 1 8 EN EN ECN E ECN N E E N E E ECN CNW ECNW E E EN ECN EN EC E ECN E EN E EN EC EN E E E E E EN E N E EN E EN EN E E ECN EN EN E E EN ECN ECN EC E EN EC ECN EN EN ECN EN ECN E ECN ECNW EN E E E E EN 1877-1980 1877-1985 1877-1985 1866-1955 1877-1985 1980 1948 1928-1955 1902 1877-1980 1951 1886-1997 1950-1997 1967-1989 1972 1976-1999 1913-1968 1875-1972 1951-1981 1864-1968 1895-1976 1893-1998 1895 1893-1971 1867-1955 1893-1969 1895-1988 1893-1988 1866 1896-1950 1864-1900 1877-1928 1877-1967 1950-1980 1948 1956 1900 1864-1956 1951 1864-1967 1866-1972 1875-1990 1900-1928 1911-1970 1928-1967 1955 1880 1903-1950 1950-1961 1879-1955 1928-1970 1881-2003 1886-1955 1865-1984 1955-2001 1868-1969 1908-1969 1878-1967 1911-1970 1879-1980 1955-1970 1905 1877-1975 1877-1997 1900-1969 1940-1953 1900 1922-1940 1889 1865-1955 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 299 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 300 Family Scientifc name Limidae Limidae Limidae Limidae Lingulidae Liotiidae Litiopidae Litiopidae Litiopidae Litiopidae Litiopidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Littorinidae Loliginidae Loliginidae Loliginidae Loliginidae Lottiidae Lottiidae Lottiidae Lottiidae Lottiidae Lottiidae Lottiidae Lottiidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Lucinidae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Mactridae Magilidae Magilidae Malleidae Malleidae Malleidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Lima lima Lima nimbifer Limaria orientalis Limatula strangei Lingula rostrum Munditia sp. Alaba monile Alaba opiniosa Alaba sp. Alba translucida Litiopa sp. Afrolittorina acutispira Austrolittorina unifasciata Bembicium auratum Bembicium nanum Echinolittorina vidua Laevilitorina mariae Littoraria luteola Littoraria philippiana Nodilittorina pyramidalis Sepioteuthis australis Uroteuthis (Aestuariolus) noctiluca Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis Uroteuthis sp. Asteracmea illibrata Notoacmea flammea Notoacmea petterdi Patelloida alticostata Patelloida latistrigata Patelloida mimula Patelloida mufria Patelloida saccharina Anodontia omissa Codakia paytenorum Codakia rugifera Ctena bella Divalucina cumingii Epicodakia consettiana Monitilora ramsayi Myrtea botanica Nevenulora hilaira Pillucina pisidium Pillucina sp. Wallucina assimilis Lutraria rhynchaea Mactra antecedens Mactra eximia Mactra jacksonensis Mactra parkesiana Mactra pusilla Mactra rufescens Raeta pellicula Spisula trigonella Zenatina victoriae Liniaxis sertata Muricidae sertata Malleus albus Parimalleus cursator Vulsella vulsella Antiguraleus serpentis Apispiralia albocincta Apitua delicatula Guraleus brazieri Guraleus fascinus Guraleus flavescens Guraleus pictus Heterocithara bilineata Macteola anomala Marita elongata Pseudoraphitoma pyramidula Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 34 7 14 42 2 1 35 32 1 46 3 22 18 21 20 1 4 12 1 7 3 3 9 2 6 9 5 17 6 15 18 1 8 1 18 4 10 3 13 18 7 18 1 38 12 10 2 7 4 11 2 3 23 1 2 1 1 12 11 1 1 1 4 1 3 11 9 5 1 1 EN EN EN EN E N EN EN E ECN EN EN ECN ECNW ECN N EN ECNW W EN EC EC ECW EW ECN E EN EN EN ECN EN E ECN E EN EN EN E EN E EN ECN N ECN EN EN E EN EN EN E EN ECNW N EN E E EN EN E N E EN N ECN EN ECN EN E E 1877-2001 1912-1972 1888-1955 1877-2011 1866-1888 1955 1865-1985 1868-1989 2001 1865-1982 1906-1926 1889-1982 1875-1998 1905-1997 1877-1996 1950 1895-1967 1911-2002 1950 1877-1969 1912-1983 1888-1977 1887-1975 1972-1975 1875-1972 1912-1977 1877-1993 1877-2009 1893-1985 1877-1997 1911-1985 1892 1877-1972 1940 1877-2009 1906-1968 1877-1985 1944-1955 1866-1972 1865-1969 1908-1972 1889-1972 1955 1874-1985 1865-1976 1877-1985 1900-1928 1877-1970 1902-1967 1877-1985 1914-1929 1899-1967 1877-2001 1902 1966-1969 1928 1921 1888-1957 1877-1970 1948 1911 1954 1889-1954 1911 1879-1963 1869-1980 1868-1965 1889-1931 1954 1948 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Mangeliidae Mangeliidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Marginellidae Mathildidae Mesodesmatidae Mesodesmatidae Mesodesmatidae Mitridae Mitridae Mitridae Mitridae Mitridae Mitridae Mitridae Mitridae Mitridae Mitromorphidae Mopaliidae Motacutidae Motacutidae Motacutidae Motacutidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Muricidae Pseudoraphitoma sp. Pseudoraphitoma transitans Alaginella ochracea Austroginella johnstoni Austroginella muscaria Austroginella tasmanica Balanetta whani Dentimargo kemblensis Dentimargo mayii Hydroginella haswelli Mesoginella inconspicua Mesoginella olivella Mesoginella pygmaeoides Mesoginella sinapi Mesoginella strangei Mesoginella translucida Mesoginella turbinata Mesoginella victoriae Ovaginella ovulum Serrata mustelina Eucharilda elegantula Paphies cuneata Paphies elongata Paphies erycinaea Domiporta sp. Domiporta strangei Mitra badia Mitra carbonaria Mitra cookii Mitra ferruginea Mitra glabra Mitra solida Mitra sp. Scrinium brazieri Plaxiphora albida Fronsella reversa Fronsella sp. Montacuta nitens Montacuta sp. Agnewia tritoniformis Bedeva hanleyi Benthoxystus petterdi Chicoreus denudatus Chicoreus territus Cronia aurantiaca Cronia pseudamygdala Dicathais orbita Ergalatax contracta Ergalatax recurrens Favartia brazieri Gemixystus laminatus Lepsiella reticulata Lepsiella vinosa Litozamia brazieri Litozamia rudolphi Maculotriton serriale Mipus arbutum Mipus nodosus Morula marginalba Morula nodulifera Phycothais botanica Phycothais reticulata Phyllocoma speciosa Pinaxia coronata Prototyphis angasi Pterynotus duffusi Pterynotus patagiatus Siphonochelus syringianus Typhis philippensis Vexilla vexillum # Records Regions Years 6 1 20 2 3 3 2 1 1 1 15 20 4 10 8 14 18 13 7 11 6 5 6 1 1 22 23 16 13 1 3 10 2 1 6 4 10 1 11 28 63 1 54 1 12 1 40 5 1 5 3 1 1 1 7 1 6 3 20 8 3 16 14 1 51 8 1 4 1 1 E E ECN EN EN E E E E E EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN ECN EN EN N C EN EN EN EN E E EN E E EN EN EN N EN EN ECN N EN E EN E EN EN E EN EN E E N EN E E EN ECN EN E EN EN E EN EN E E E N 1865-1967 1959 1877-1969 1911-1955 1877-1967 1929-1955 1948-1955 1928 1880 1969 1866-1972 1865-1985 1952-1972 1866-1976 1868-1961 1865-1972 1866-1972 1873-1967 1865-1969 1868-1969 1868-1943 1877-1912 1877-1976 1900 2001 1866-1980 1864-1985 1877-1976 1866-1980 1928 1935-1940 1877-1959 2001 1900 1895-1911 1929-1983 1955-1976 1967 1879-1969 1866-1972 1877-1998 1902 1865-1984 1968 1877-1984 1928 1877-2009 1864-1985 1928 1890-1961 1866-1969 2001 1968 1911 1879-1912 1896 1914-1975 1906-1950 1877-1970 1911-2006 1928-1980 1877-1985 1877-1976 1928 1866-1976 1889-1970 1873 1888-1970 1969 1911 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 301 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 302 Family Scientifc name Myidae Myidae Myochamidae Myochamidae Myochamidae Myochamidae Myochamidae Myochamidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Mytilidae Nacellidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Nassariidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Naticidae Neoleptonidae Neoleptonidae Neoleptonidae Neoleptonidae Neoleptonidae Neoleptonidae Neritidae Neritidae Neritidae Neritidae Neritidae Neritidae Noetiidae Nuculanidae Cryptomya elliptica Tugonia inopinata Myadora brevis Myadora complexa Myadora crassa Myadora pandoriformis Myochama anomoides Myochama strangei Amygdalum beddomei Amygdalum glaberrimum Gregariella splendidus Modiolus albicostus Modiolus auriculatus Modiolus peronianus Musculus alganus Musculus cumingianus Musculus sp. Musculus varicosus Mytilus galloprovincialis* Mytilus sp. Trichomusculus barbatus Trichomya hirsuta Xenostrobus securis Cellana tramoserica Cyllene lactea Cyllene royana Nassarius burchardi Nassarius glans particeps Nassarius jonasii Nassarius nigellus Nassarius pauperatus Nassarius pauperus Nassarius splendidulus Conuber conicum Conuber melastomum Conuber sordidus Eunaticina papilla Eunaticina umbilicata Gennaeosinum intercisum Glyphepithema alapapilionis Mammilla fibrosa Mammilla melanostoma Mammilla sebae Mammilla simiae Natica buriasiensis Naticarius colliei Naticarius onca Notocochlis cernica Notocochlis gualtieriana Notocochlis subcostata Polinices didyma Polinices incei Sinum incisus Sinum zonale Tanea sagittata Tasmatica schoutanica Micropolia concentrica Micropolia depressa Micropolia jacksonensis Neolepton balaustina Neolepton ovalis Neolepton sp. Clithon oualaniensis Nerita albicilla Nerita atramentosa Nerita melanotragus Smaragdia souverbiana Smaragdia tragena Arcopsis afra Nuculana dohrni Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 9 2 7 3 5 13 10 6 6 6 1 2 4 7 3 8 3 5 49 9 17 26 12 11 7 2 40 23 27 65 2 44 1 21 10 23 17 2 2 1 1 1 1 8 2 1 1 4 18 9 32 1 1 5 17 7 1 1 1 22 32 4 1 2 1 18 28 8 3 8 ECN E ECN E EN EN EN EN EC ECN N N EC EN E EN E EN ECN EC EN ECN ECNW EN EN N ECN EN ECN ECN E ECN E ECN EN ECN ECN N E E E E E EN E E E EN EN ECN EN E E E ECN E E E E ECN EN EN E E N EN ECN E E EN 1868-1970 1928-1955 1900-1975 1877-1967 1877-1970 1877-1970 1874-1970 1866-1911 1879-1969 1864-1970 1902 1902-1959 1877-2001 1877-1980 1955-1981 1895-1968 2001 1943-1967 1905-2001 2001 1878-2001 1923-1997 1888-1998 1900-1974 1879-1972 1908-1972 1877-1999 1877-1985 1877-1999 1865-1976 1950-1974 1865-1985 1928 1877-1997 1877-1976 1877-1997 1875-1994 1912-1970 1928-1930 1970 1928 1970 1931 1900-1959 1928-1959 1928 1880 1911-1969 1869-1972 1886-1963 1865-1994 1928 1928 1877-1970 1865-1975 1879-1957 1953 1948 1948 1873-1980 1865-1984 2001-2004 1928 1877-1965 1995 1877-1998 1865-1998 1865-1969 1948-1960 1877-1943 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Nuculanidae Nuculidae Nuculidae Nuculidae Nuculidae Nuculidae Nuculidae Nuculidae Octopodidae Octopodidae Octopodidae Octopodidae Ocythoidae Olividae Olividae Olividae Olividae Olividae Olividae Olividae Olividae Omalogyridae Omalogyridae Omalogyridae Omalogyridae Omalogyridae Onchidiidae Onchidiidae Onchidiidae Onchidiidae Orbitestellidae Orbitestellidae Orbitestellidae Orbitestellidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ostreidae Ovulidae Ovulidae Ovulidae Ovulidae Oxynoidae Pandoridae Pandoridae Patellidae Patellidae Pectinidae Pectinidae Pectinidae Pectinidae Pectinidae Pectinidae Pectinidae Pendromidae Periplomatidae Petricolidae Phallomedusidae Pharidae Phenacolepadidae Phenacolepadidae Philinidae Philinidae Philinidae Philinidae Nuculana ensicula Ennucula obliqua Nucula brongersmai Nucula mayi Nucula pusilla Nucula revei Nucula sp. Pronucula hedleyi Hapalochlaena fasciata Octopus australis Octopus sp. Octopus tetricus Ocythoe tuberculata Alcospira marginata Alcospira oblonga Alcospira petterdi Ancillista velesiana Belloliva exquisita Belloliva leucozona Belloliva triticea Cupidoliva nympha Ammonicera sp. Helisalia liliputia Helisalia sucina Omalogyra sp. Omalogyridae sp. Onchidella patelloides Onchidium sp. Paraoncidium chameleon Peronia tumidum Microdiscula charopa Orbitestella decorata Orbitestella iredalei Orbitestella sp. Ostrea edulis Dendostrea folium Dendostrea sandvichensis Ostrea angasi Ostrea sp. Ostreola virescens Saccostrea glomerata Saccostrea sp. Ostreidae sp. Globovula cavanaghi Prionovolva brevis Prosimnia semperi Volva volva Oxynoe viridis Pandora aversus Pandora elongatus Scutellastra chapmani Scutellastra peronii Amusium balloti Decatopecten strangei Mesopeplum fenestratum Mimachlamys asperrima Pecten fumatus Scaeochlamys livida Semipallium aktinos Pendromidae sp. Periploma angasi Petricola rubiginosa Phallomedusa solida Ensiculus cultellus Cinnalepeta cinnamomea Phenacolepas cytherae Philine angasi Philine orca Philine sp. Philine trapezia # Records Regions Years 2 13 5 1 10 1 1 1 15 5 1 5 1 4 13 2 1 1 7 18 30 2 2 1 1 1 3 8 6 1 3 4 1 3 1 3 2 16 3 4 25 1 4 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 12 5 4 1 1 8 26 43 3 1 1 1 25 4 12 1 5 1 8 3 EN EC EN E EN N N E ECN EC N ECN W E EN E E E EN EN EN EN EN E N N EN ENW ECNW N E E N E N E EN ECN EC EN ECN E EC E E E E E E N EN EN E E C E ECN ECN E N E E ECNW EN ECN N EN N ECN EC 1960-1980 1866-1963 1865-1969 1886 1873-1969 1967 1967 1955 1879-1989 1888-1987 1966 1882-1982 1976 1928-1975 1875-1972 1950-1972 1957 1890 1911-1976 1875-1994 1865-1974 2001-2002 1948-1954 1948 2002 1911 1898-1930 1888-1970 1886-1981 1967 1886-1984 1878-1981 1967 1955-1984 1951 1878-1950 1864-1976 1866-1980 2001 1900-2005 1888-2005 2001 1982-2001 1928 1928-1935 1900 1928 2001 1948 1967 1866-1985 1928-1972 1877-1950 1930 1900 1865-1957 1877-1974 1866-1976 1886-1975 1967 1877 1957 1893-2004 1888-1974 1877-1997 1957 1890-1959 1995 1911-2001 1902-1963 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 303 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 304 Family Scientifc name Philobryidae Philobryidae Philobryidae Philobryidae Philobryidae Philobryidae Pholadidae Pholadidae Pholadidae Pinnidae Pinnidae Planaxidae Planaxidae Planaxidae Planaxidae Plesiotrochidae Pleurobranchidae Pleurobranchidae Plicatulidae Polyceridae Polyceridae Polyceridae Polyceridae Polyceridae Polyceridae Polyceridae Poromyidae Propeamussiidae Psammobiidae Psammobiidae Psammobiidae Psammobiidae Psammobiidae Psammobiidae Psammobiidae Pseudolividae Pseudomelatomidae Pseudomelatomidae Pteriidae Pteriidae Pteriidae Pteriidae Pteriidae Pteriidae Pulsellidae Purpuradusta Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Cosa parallelogramma Cosa stephensensis Cosa tatei Lissarca picta Notomytilus rubra Philobryidae sp. Barnea obturamentum Martesia striata Pholas australasiae Pinna bicolor Pinna deltodes Couthouyia gracilis Fossarus sydneyensis Hinea brasiliana Planaxidae sp. Plesiotrochus crinitus Berthellina citrina Pleurobranchus hilli Plicatula chinensis Kaloplocamus sp. Limacia ornata Limacia sp. Paliolla cooki Plocamopherus imperialis Polycera capensis Polycera hedgpethi* Poromya sp. Cyclochlamys favus Gari lessoni Gari livida Gari modesta Heteroglypta contraria Soletellina alba Soletellina biradiata Psammobiidae sp. Zemira australis Epidirona hedleyi Splendrillia harpularia Electroma georgiana Electroma physoides Pinctada albina Pinctada imbricata Pinctada maxima Pinctada nigra Compressidens platyceras Purpuradusta fimbriata Agatha angusta Agatha australis Agatha convexa Agatha manifesta Agatha petterdi Austrorissopsis consobrina Bacteridella hasta Bacteridella subtilis Chrysallida bisculpta Chrysallida lucida Chrysallida sp. Cinctiuga diaphana Cingulina spina Egilina mariellaeformis Elodiamea vincula Eulimella hasta Herewardia kesteveni Herviera gliriella Hinemoa ligata Hinemoa montuosa Hinemoa suprasculpta Koloonella minutissima Koloonella moniliformis Koloonella sp. Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 3 1 9 4 6 3 3 8 2 9 1 1 7 6 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 16 4 2 1 14 12 10 32 1 18 7 1 9 11 1 5 2 2 3 1 1 14 1 5 12 1 9 1 1 5 1 1 9 8 11 10 1 2 1 1 1 45 2 17 1 5 1 EN E EN EN E EN EN EN E EN E E EN EN N E E E E E E E E ECN EN CN C ECN EC EN ECN N ECN EN C E EN E EN E E E E E ECN E EN EN N EN E N EN N N EN EN EN ECN E E E E E EN E EN E EN E 1906-1967 1955 1900-1969 1878-1899 1928-1961 1955-1967 1871-1970 1899-1971 1904-1928 1910-1979 1919 1893 1900-1959 1877-1970 1973 1900 2000 1892 1888-1928 1977-1979 1982 1977 1989 1888-2000 1927-1980 1982-1999 2001 1875-1967 1877-1969 1912-1957 1866-1976 1950 1877-1998 1877-1980 2011 1865-1930 1866-1979 1900 1878-1967 1894-1980 1877-1948 1914-1958 1877 1926 1865-1985 1983 1906-1955 1877-1969 1911 1875-1985 1911 1950 1879-1957 1967 1911 1879-1982 1879-1982 1865-1967 1877-1976 1879 1948 1908 1904 1948 1865-2002 1955-1967 1865-1998 1948 1886-1967 1879 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Latavia pulchra Megastomia angasi Megastomia laevis Megastomia pyramidata Megastomia simplex Megastomia sp. Megastomia subcarina Numaegilina henni Odostomella opaca Odostomia angasi Odostomia deplexa Odostomia sp. Odostomia tomacula Odostomia tumerea Ondina sp. Ondina stricta Oopyramis sp. Oscilla migma Paracingulina brazieri Paramormula kitcheni Paramormula varicifera Parthenina indistincta Parthenina mayii Pseudorissoina sp. Pseudoskenella depressa Puposyrnola jacksonensis Pyramidella sp. Pyrgiscilla gravicosta Pyrgiscilla portseaensis Pyrgiscus pinguis Pyrgiscus sp. Pyrgolampros fuscus Pyrgolampros hedleyi Pyrgulina caelatura Pyrgulina ceria Pyrgulina declivita Pyrgulina kreffti Pyrgulina pascoei Pyrgulina pseudalveata Pyrgulina pupula Pyrgulina sp. Pyrgulina tantilla Rissopsetia maccoyi Rissosyrnola aclis Rugadentia buliminoides Rugadentia doliae Rugadentia ignava Sayella abjecta Sayella sp. Pyramidellidae sp. Styloptygma sp. Syrnola aurantiaca Syrnola sp. Syrnola tincta Tiberia bifasciata Tibersyrnola sp. Turbonilla acicularis Turbonilla ambulatia Turbonilla beddomei Turbonilla gravis Turbonilla hofmani Turbonilla sp. Turbonilla vana Cabestana spengleri Cabestana tabulata Charonia lampas Cymatium caudatum Cymatium comptum Cymatium dunkeri Cymatium exaratum # Records Regions Years 20 4 1 5 27 1 16 13 2 1 1 24 2 1 8 11 1 1 17 2 16 15 2 1 31 4 1 5 3 3 1 13 11 10 3 1 16 35 17 2 1 21 2 3 1 1 4 8 13 34 4 4 1 32 9 6 26 3 27 1 2 46 4 28 3 23 6 1 1 38 EN E E EN ECN C ECN EN N C E EN E N E EN E E ECN E EN EN E E EN E C E EN EN E EN EN EN EN E ECN EN ECN EN E EN E EC N E EN EN EN EN EN EN N EN EN EN EN EN ECN N EN ECN E ECN E EN EC E E EN 1888-1998 1889-1955 1951 1951-1982 1865-1985 1963 1868-1985 1865-1985 1906 1963 1969 1878-1982 1911-1913 1957 1879-1976 1879-1976 1955 1950 1878-1982 1951 1865-1969 1893-1998 1961-1969 1900 1894-1998 1900-1955 1997 1955-1982 1865-1911 1868-1961 1961 1881-1982 1875-1969 1881-1998 1911-1969 1982 1878-1985 1875-1985 1879-1981 1905-1911 1961 1867-1982 1955-1981 1865-1901 1911 1948 1879-1955 1879-1982 1881-1975 1911-1985 1902-1969 1911-1957 1911 1866-1981 1899-1980 1867-1957 1865-1980 1906-1950 1879-1998 1985 1911-1957 1868-1985 1928-1955 1865-1997 1928-1931 1877-2000 1900-1950 1928 1928 1866-1994 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 305 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 306 Family Scientifc name Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Ranellidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Raphitomidae Retusidae Retusidae Retusidae Retusidae Retusidae Ringiculidae Ringiculidae Rissoellidae Rissoellidae Rissoellidae Rissoellidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Rissoidae Scaliolidae Scaliolidae Scaliolidae Scaliolidae Schizochitonidae Schizochitonidae Cymatium labiosum Cymatium muricinum Cymatium nicobaricum Cymatium occidentale Cymatium parthenopeum Cymatium pileare Cymatium sinense Gyrineum lacunatum Ranella australasia Sassia parkinsonia Asperdaphne brenchleyi Asperdaphne hayesiana Asperdaphne rugosa Asperdaphne sculptilis Asperdaphne sepulta Asperdaphne versivestita Austropusilla hilum Daphnella botanica Microgenia edwini Nepotilla excavata Paramontana modesta Paramontana rufozonata Pseudodaphnella pustulata Tasmadaphne aculeola Tritonoturris buccinoides Retusa atkinsoni Retusa iredaleana Retusa protumida Volvulella rostrata Volvulella tragula Ringicula doliaris Ringiculidae sp. Rissoella confusa Rissoella fallax Rissoella micra Rissoella secunda Alvania fasciata Alvania filocincta Alvania novarensis Alvania sp. Alvania strangei Alvania suprasculpta Alvania thouinensis Lironoba hebes Lironoba imbrex Lucidestea nitens Merelina elegans Merelina gracilis Merelina hirta Onoba australiae Onoba perpolita Onoba rubicunda Onoba sp. Powellisetia sp. Pusillina discrepans Pusillina praeda Pusillina sp. Rissoina ambigua Rissoina angasi Rissoina crassa Rissoina elegantula Rissoina fasciata Rissoina iredalei Voorwindea umbilicata Finella lutosus Finella pupoides Finella sp. Scaliola sp. Lorica volvox Loricella angasi Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 3 1 1 1 21 1 7 2 22 27 3 5 2 5 2 2 2 7 4 1 3 4 2 4 2 21 10 1 2 3 1 6 1 5 13 18 11 4 18 2 12 10 4 3 2 17 39 32 15 21 1 15 4 2 11 1 1 1 15 3 8 55 3 33 2 17 2 1 12 14 E E E E EN E E E EN EN EC EC EN E E E E EN EN N E EN N ECN E ECN ECN E EN EC N N E EN EN EN EN EN EN E EN EN EN N N EN EN EN EN EN N EN EN CN EN N E E EN EN EC EN E EN N ECN EC N E EN 1867-1928 1928 1928 1935 1877-1976 1931 1928-1985 1928 1877-1980 1875-1984 1877-1912 1875-1959 1970-1980 1868-1890 1929-1954 1889-1890 1900-1913 1891-1980 1884-1901 1928 1893-1913 1877-1911 1899-1926 1881-1926 1955 1879-1975 1911-1970 1890 1963-1969 1963-1969 1983 1944-1981 1968 1961-1969 1879-2002 1879-1969 1879-1968 1955-1961 1878-1976 1955-1967 1893-1968 1867-1976 1911-1968 1911-1967 1908 1879-1976 1867-1982 1889-1985 1886-1972 1865-1985 1967 1867-1985 1951-1969 1963-1980 1879-1968 1908 1981 1900 1865-1967 1877-1911 1865-1967 1865-1985 1948-1969 1868-2009 1911 1911-1970 2001 1911 1888-1932 1895-1958 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Scissurellidae Scissurellidae Scissurellidae Semelidae Semelidae Semelidae Semelidae Semelidae Sepiadariidae Sepiadariidae Sepiidae Sepiidae Sepiidae Sepiidae Sepiidae Sepiidae Sepiolidae Siliquariidae Siliquariidae Siliquariidae Siliquariidae Siliquariidae Siliquariidae Siphonariidae Siphonariidae Siphonariidae Siphonariidae Siphonariidae Siphonariidae Siphonariidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Skeneidae Solemyidae Solenidae Spirulidae Spondylidae Strombidae Strombidae Strombidae Strombidae Strombidae Strombidae Strombidae Strombidae Struthiolariidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Sinezona beddomei Sinezona pacifica Sukashitrochus atkinsoni Ervilia bisculpta Ervilia sandwichensis Leptomya pura Theora fragilis Theora lubrica * Sepiadarium sp. Sepioloidea lineolata Sepia apama Sepia hedleyi Sepia mestus Sepia plangon Sepia rozella Sepia sp. Euprymna tasmanica Siliquaria bernardii Siliquaria cumingii Siliquaria ponderosus Siliquaria sp. Stephopoma sp. Stephopoma tricuspe Pugillaria stowae Siphonaria denticulata Siphonaria diemenensis Siphonaria funiculata Siphonaria sp. Siphonaria zelandica Williamia radiata Brookula angeli Brookula crebresculpta Brookula nepeanensis Brookula pulcherrima Brookula sp. Circulus lodderae Cirsonella lata Cirsonella reflecta Cirsonella sp. Cirsonella weldii Crossea concinna Liotella annulata Liotella johnstoni Liotella kilcundae Liotella petalifera Liotella pulcherrima Lissotesta micra Lodderena minima Microcarina surgerea Partubiola blancha Putilla porcellana Putilla sp. Skeneidae sp. Zalipais inscriptum Solemya velesiana Solen vaginoides Spirula spirula Spondylus tenellus Strombus dilatatus Strombus erythrinus Strombus labiatus Strombus luhuanus Strombus mutabilis Strombus plicatus Strombus vittatus Strombus vomer Tylospira scutulata Leporimetis spectabilis Macoma hemicilla Macoma vappa # Records Regions Years 1 9 35 16 7 3 8 9 1 7 7 1 17 20 1 2 10 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 23 4 13 6 5 6 21 8 6 1 1 6 2 6 4 9 27 5 4 12 1 7 1 20 24 1 5 2 3 5 3 12 1 9 2 1 1 9 7 1 1 2 14 1 1 1 E EN ECN EN EN EC ECN EC E EN EC E EC ECN E E EW E EN E E E N EN ECN EC EN C ECN EN EN EN E E E EN EN EN E EN ECN EN EN EN E EN E EN EN E EN E E EN EN EN E EN E E E E EN E E E EN C E E 1950 1865-1969 1865-1981 1868-1968 1879-1960 1868-1955 1877-1968 2001 1888 1888-2001 1888-1977 1972 1888-2001 1888-2003 1998 1997 1888-2000 1877 1877-1903 1877 1880-1955 1877-1928 1912 1908-1965 1877-1996 1950-1996 1911-1995 1996-2001 1877-1996 1879-1967 1878-1981 1878-1971 1928-1967 1893 1983 1865-1980 1911-1950 1879-1967 1900-1981 1878-1967 1866-1985 1878-1967 1879-1967 1868-1981 1967 1893-1967 1967 1865-1981 1878-1984 1928 1911-1967 1955-1957 1954-1981 1925-1967 1895-1928 1877-1974 1877 1879-1974 1928-1935 1928 1931 1860-1950 1877-1970 1931 1928 1928 1900-1998 1963 1929 1928 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 307 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 308 Family Scientifc name Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Tellinidae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Terebridae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Teredinidae Tergipedidae Thaisidae Thraciidae Thraciidae Thraciidae Thraciidae Thraciidae Thraciidae Thraciidae Thraciidae Tonnidae Tonnidae Tonnidae Tonnidae Tonnidae Tonnidae Tonnidae Tonnidae Tornidae Trigoniidae Trigoniidae Trigoniidae Trigoniidae Trimusculidae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Tellina albinella Tellina astula Tellina botanica Tellina deltoidalis Tellina gemonia Tellina hypelliptica Tellina imbellis Tellina inflata Tellina lilium Tellina modestina Tellina parvitas Tellina subdiluta Tellina tenuilirata Duplicaria ustulata Hastula brazieri Terebra amanda Terebra assecla Terebra ballina Terebra jacksoniana Terebra punctatostriata Terebra swainsoni Terebra textilis Terebra tristis Terebra venilia Bankia australis Bankia carinata Lyrodus medilobatus Lyrodus pedicellatus Lyrodus sp. Nausitora dunlopei Nototeredo edax Teredo bartschi Teredo furcifera Teredo navalis* Cuthona kuiteri Morula marginalba Thracia angasiana Thracia australica Thracia modesta Thracia ovalis Thracia speciosa Thraciopsis angustata Thraciopsis elongata Thraciopsis peroniana Malea pomum Tonna allium Tonna cepa Tonna chinensis Tonna cumingii Tonna dolium Tonna tankervillii Tonna tetracotula Microdiscula vitrea Neotrigonia lamarckii Neotrigonia margaritacea Neotrigonia sp. Neotrigonia uniophora Trimusculus conica Aclophoropsis maculosa Aclophoropsis univitta Bouchetriphora aspergata Bouchetriphora marrowi Bouchetriphora pallida Cheirodonta labiata Hedleytriphora elata Hedleytriphora fasciata Hedleytriphora innotabilis Latitriphora kesteveni Mesophora fusca Monophorus angasi Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 4 8 20 5 21 10 1 5 16 3 8 21 1 5 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 14 8 48 2 15 20 6 4 12 5 20 50 2 1 4 3 8 3 4 1 2 5 3 3 1 7 1 3 11 2 1 17 2 17 6 8 11 1 1 2 3 8 2 2 2 2 7 4 E E EN ECNW E ECN EN E EC EN E EN EN E E E E E EN E E E EN E ECNW N ECN ECN ECN EC ECN CN ECN ECN E E E E EN EN E E E EN E E E EN E E EN E E EC E EN E EN EN C E EN EN EN EN E E EN CN EN 1928 1900-1950 1888-1957 1865-1998 1928-1993 1864-1993 1864-1959 1900 1928-1980 1866-1980 1931-1967 1888-1955 1867-1980 1970 1914-1970 1928-1950 1950 1980 1899-1911 1928 1888 1955 1865-1980 1877-1950 none 1972 none none 1971-1972 1893-1940 1898-1971 1928-1930 1971-1972 1928-1972 1979 2001 1864-1900 1864-1955 1878-1950 1874-1913 1900-1928 1877 1864-1900 1864-1949 1928-1931 1928-1957 1928 1928-1957 1929 1928-1950 1877-1975 1928 1950 1874-1967 1877-1885 1866-1969 1870-1981 1866-1980 1877-1979 1884 1911 1903-1911 1911-1948 1878-1966 1911-1928 1902-1954 1903-1911 1902-1911 1903-2011 1911-1972 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triphoridae Triviidae Triviidae Triviidae Triviidae Triviidae Triviidae Triviidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Trochidae Truncatellidae Truncatellidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turbinidae Turridae Turridae Turridae Turridae Turridae Monophorus nigrofusca Nototriphora regina Obesula albovittata Sagenotriphora ampulla Seilarex turritelliformis Talophora subulata Tetraphora granifera Alaerato bisinventa Cleotrivia globosa Cleotrivia pilula Ellatrivia merces Trivirostra oryza Trivirostra pellucidula Trivirostra shawi Astele speciosa Astelena scitula Austrocochlea porcata Austrocochlea sp. Bankivia fasciata Calliostoma comptus Calthalotia fragum Cantharidella picturata Charisma compacta Charisma sp. Clanculus brunneus Clanculus clangulus Clanculus floridus Clanculus maugeri Clanculus plebejus Clanculus undatoides Diloma concamerata Ethminolia probabilis Euchelus ampullus Euchelus atratus Eurytrochus strangei Fossarina patula Granata imbricata Herpetopoma aspersa Herpetopoma scabriuscula Isanda coronata Leiopyrga lineolaris Monilea lentiginosa Nanula tasmanica Notogibbula bicarinata Phasianotrochus eximius Spectamen bellulum Spectamen pulcherrima Stomatella impertusa Talopena gloriola Truncatellidae sp. Truncatella guerinii Astralium squamiferum Astralium tentoriiformis Austroliotia botanica Austroliotia subquadrata Parisanda iredalei Phasianella ventricosa Tricolia sp. Tricolia variabilis Turbo bruneus Turbo exquisitus Turbo laminiferus Turbo militaris Turbo torquatus Turbo undulatus Epidirella xanthophaes Etrema alliterata Euguraleus jacksonensis Euguraleus tasmanicus Gemmula graeffei # Records Regions Years 21 1 2 4 19 1 13 8 5 2 13 4 1 3 3 23 24 1 8 12 25 21 1 1 11 19 13 5 1 4 6 43 4 1 20 9 10 27 18 1 20 8 5 8 18 8 8 20 24 3 7 30 18 17 1 1 1 3 21 1 8 1 6 15 11 1 4 5 2 1 ECNW N N EN ECN E E EN EN E EN EN E E E EN ECN E EN EN ECN EN E E EN EN EN EN E EN EN EN EN N EN EN EN ECN ECN E EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN ECN EN EN EN N N E E EN E EN E EN EN EN N E EN E E 1865-1980 1903 1903-1966 1903-1967 1865-1970 1865 1878-1972 1877-1959 1890-1980 1928-1929 1865-1968 1911-1955 1960 1928-1960 1900-1931 1877-1975 1860-2007 2007 1877-1971 1878-1985 1866-1986 1866-1980 1961 1955 1877-1970 1865-1999 1866-1985 1900-2009 1889 1877-1928 1909-2007 1866-1980 1890-1955 1911 1866-1980 1888-1980 1877-1982 1877-2000 1875-1975 1865 1865-1974 1900-1972 1901-1974 1865-1979 1865-2006 1866-1960 1877-1972 1865-2000 1866-1998 1946-1957 1868-1985 1866-2000 1866-1973 1875-1969 1911 1911 1928 2001 1865-1976 1966 1893-1976 1880 1877-2000 1892-1978 1877-1995 1926 1877-1980 1888-1985 1877-1959 1935 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 309 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 310 Family Scientifc name Turridae Turridae Turridae Turridae Turridae Turridae Turridae Turritellidae Turritellidae Turritellidae Turritellidae Turritellidae Turritellidae Umbraculidae Ungulinidae Ungulinidae Ungulinidae Ungulinidae Ungulinidae Vanikoridae Vanikoridae Vanikoridae Vanikoridae Vanikoridae Vanikoridae Vanikoridae Velutinidae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Veneridae Vermetidae Vermetidae Verticordiidae Vitrinellidae Vitrinellidae Vitrinellidae Vitrinellidae Vitrinellidae Gemmula hawleyi Gemmula monilifera Guraleus tenuiliratus Marita compta Mitraguraleus mitralis Splendrillia woodsi Xenuroturris incredula Colpospira guillaumei Colpospira quadrata Colpospira sinuata Colpospira wollumbi Gazameda gunnii Haustator cingulifer Umbraculum umbraculum Cycladicama excentrica Diplodonta sp. Diplodonta tasmanica Felaniella globularis Numella adamsi Naricava angasi Naricava kimberi Naricava vincentiana Tropidorbis mendicus Vanikoro expansa Vanikoro gueriniana Vanikoro sigaretiformis Marseniopsis innominatus Antigona chemnitzii Antigona persimilis Bassina disjecta Bassina jacksoni Bassina pachyphylla Circe mistura Circe scripta Clementia crassiplica Clementia papyracea Dosinia circinaria Dosinia crocea Dosinia nedigna Dosinia sculpta Eumarcia fumigata Gomphina fulgida Gouldia australis Irus crenatus Katelysia rhytiphora Katelysia scalarina Notocallista disrupta Notocallista kingii Paphia crassisulca Paphia undulata Pitar osmunda Pitar sophiae Placamen calophylla Placamen placidum Tapes dorsatus Tawera gallinula Tawera lagopus Tawera laticostata Timoclea cardioides Timoclea scabra Venerupis anomala Venerupis iridescens Petaloconchus caperatus Vermetidae sp. Thracidora arenosa Callodix solida Callomphala lucida Laciniorbis morti Pseudoliotia micans Pseudoliotia speciosa Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 1 1 9 2 2 1 10 1 10 3 4 1 10 3 1 7 19 6 8 1 9 1 5 1 7 2 10 10 6 8 3 2 14 8 2 7 7 7 16 38 7 14 39 4 2 22 9 24 10 3 5 12 14 41 4 7 1 29 11 19 1 3 4 1 8 18 2 23 28 E E E EN EN EN E EN N E EN E E EN EC C E ECN EN EN E EN E EC N EN EN ECW EN EN EN EN E ECN ECN NW EN EN EN ECN ECN E EN ECNW EN E EN E ECN EC E EN EC EN ECN E EN E ECN EN EN E N EN N EN ECN E ECN ECN 1931 1929 1900 1877-1970 1911-1954 1899-1900 1931 1912-1972 1877 1865-1955 1955-1967 1890-1955 1950 1877-1975 1877-1963 2001 1864-1980 1879-1972 1888-1969 1899-1970 1928 1879-1967 1955 1877-1900 1900 1877-1970 1911-1928 1877-1998 1911-1972 1900-1957 1904-1976 1904-1957 1928 1864-1972 1864-1973 1967-1998 1908-1967 1866-1969 1877-1969 1877-1973 1877-1997 1877-1929 1877-1985 1886-1998 1943-1959 1936 1877-1972 1877-1957 1877-1975 1895-2001 1928-1930 1866-1928 1865-1985 1877-1969 1877-2011 1888-1969 1877-1976 1928 1866-1976 1880-1972 1877-1972 1900 1902-2010 1877-1985 1955 1878-1955 1875-1980 1928-1931 1884-1998 1879-1998 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Vitrinellidae Vitrinellidae Volutidae Volutidae Volutomitridae Zephyrinidae Zephyrinidae Rotostoma brazieri Vitrinella starkeyae Amoria undulata Cymbiola magnifica Microvoluta australis Caldukia affinis Caldukia sp. # Records Regions Years 3 3 5 6 1 2 1 EN EN EN EN E EN E 1889-1954 1899-1950 1919-1958 1877-1955 1888 1978 1977 # Records Regions Years 1 2 1 1 3 25 53 11 5 4 1 2 1 3 47 6 15 1 4 1 3 1 4 3 2 36 1 1 34 6 3 2 1 7 27 25 1 1 14 1 15 1 1 13 3 1 31 1 9 3 5 3 1 12 7 6 7 1 18 E E E E EN ECN ECNW ECNW EN ECW E EN E E ECN EN ECN E EN E EN E E E E ECN E E ECN EN EN E E ECN ECW ECW E E EC E EN C N EC EN N ECNW E C EN EC E E ECN CN ECN EC E EN 1974 1974-2000 2000 1962 1887-1972 1887-2004 1881-1999 1881-1999 1931-1975 1889-1972 2005 1901-1980 1963 1976-1978 1879-2001 1912-1981 1880-2000 2001 1938-2001 1976 1972-1976 1976 1976-2001 1973-1976 1976 1882-2001 1976 1976 1972-2004 1966-1976 1973-1976 1974 1976 1903-2001 1886-2001 1888-2004 1885 1886 1882-2000 1942 1912-1999 1997 2012 1880-1967 1973-1982 1971 1879-2001 1945 1881 1881-1887 1881-1972 1962-1973 1974 1881-2001 1881-1910 1881-2001 1906-2001 2010 1885-2001 Fishes Family Scientifc name Acanthuridae Acanthuridae Acanthuridae Acanthuridae Acanthuridae Acanthuridae Ambassidae Ambassidae Anguillidae Anguillidae Antennariidae Antennariidae Antennariidae Antennariidae Antennariidae Antennariidae Aploactinidae Aploactinidae Aplodactylidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Ariidae Arripidae Arripidae Atherinidae Atherinidae Atherinidae Atherinidae Aulopidae Balistidae Balistidae Batrachoididae Belonidae Belonidae Belonidae Berycidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Acanthurus dussumieri Acanthurus olivaceus Acanthurus triostegus Acanthurus xanthopterus Prionurus maculatus Prionurus microlepidotus Ambassis jacksoniensis Ambassis marianus Anguilla australis Anguilla reinhardtii Antennariidae n. sp Antennarius commerson Antennarius hispidus Antennarius pictus Antennarius striatus Histrio histrio Aploactisoma milesii Cocotropus microps Aplodactylus lophodon Apogon angustatus Apogon aureus Apogon capricornis Apogon crassiceps Apogon cyanosoma Apogon doederleini Apogon fasciatus Apogon fraenatus Apogon hartzfeldi Apogon limenus Apogon nigripinnis Apogon semiornatus Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus Pseudamia gelatinosa Siphamia cephalotes Siphamia roseigaster Vincentia novaehollandiae Netuma thalassina Arripis georgianus Arripis trutta Atherinason hepsetoides Atherinomorus vaigiensis Atherinosoma microstoma Pseudomugil signifer Hime purpurissatus Sufflamen chrysopterum Sufflamen fraenatum Batrachomoeus dubius Ablennes hians Strongylura leiura Tylosurus gavialoides Centroberyx affinis Aspidontus taeniatus Istiblennius meleagris Omobranchus anolius Omobranchus rotundiceps Parablennius intermedius Parablennius tasmanianus Petroscirtes fallax Petroscirtes lupus Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 311 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 312 Family Scientifc name Blenniidae Blenniidae Blenniidae Bothidae Bothidae Bothidae Brachaeluridae Bramidae Bythitidae Bythitidae Bythitidae Callanthiidae Callionymidae Callionymidae Callionymidae Callionymidae Callorhynchidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carangidae Carapidae Carcharhinidae Carcharhinidae Carcharhinidae Carcharhinidae Carcharhinidae Centrolophidae Cepolidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Chanidae Cheilodactylidae Cheilodactylidae Cheilodactylidae Cheilodactylidae Cheilodactylidae Cheilodactylidae Chironemidae Cirrhitidae Cirrhitidae Cirrhitidae Clinidae Clinidae Clinidae Clinidae Clinidae Clinidae Plagiotremus rhinorhynchos Plagiotremus tapeinosoma Xiphasia setifer Arnoglossus fisoni Engyprosopon grandisquama Lophonectes gallus Brachaelurus waddi Pteraclis velifera Brosmophyciops pautzkei Dermatopsis macrodon Monothrix polylepis Callanthias allporti Eocallionymus papilio Foetorepus calauropomus Repomucenus calcaratus Repomucenus limiceps Callorhinchus milii Alectis ciliaris Carangoides orthogrammus Caranx ignobilis Caranx sexfasciatus Decapterus muroadsi Megalaspis cordyla Naucrates ductor Pseudocaranx georgianus Seriola dumerili Seriola hippos Seriola lalandi Trachinotus baillonii Trachinotus blochii Trachurus declivis Trachurus novaezelandiae Uraspis secunda Echiodon rendahli Carcharhinus brachyurus Carcharhinus falciformis Carcharhinus leucas Carcharhinus obscurus Galeocerdo cuvier Seriolella brama Cepola australis Chaetodon auriga Chaetodon flavirostris Chaetodon guentheri Chaetodon kleinii Chaetodon lunula Chaetodon melannotus Chaetodon ulietensis Chelmon rostratus Chelmonops truncatus Heniochus acuminatus Heniochus diphreutes Parachaetodon ocellatus Chanos chanos Cheilodactylus fuscus Cheilodactylus spectabilis Cheilodactylus vestitus Dactylophora nigricans Nemadactylus douglasii Nemadactylus macropterus Chironemus marmoratus Cirrhitichthys aprinus Cirrhitichthys falco Cyprinocirrhites polyactis Cristiceps argyropleura Cristiceps aurantiacus Cristiceps australis Heteroclinus heptaeolus Heteroclinus nasutus Heteroclinus roseus Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 2 6 3 1 9 14 18 1 1 10 2 2 24 8 12 1 2 7 2 1 1 2 1 26 12 1 7 2 6 1 5 20 1 1 6 1 3 6 8 4 2 5 7 2 2 1 1 1 1 8 9 2 1 1 19 1 11 2 1 1 7 6 1 1 2 17 24 5 7 10 E E E E ECN EN ECN N E EC E E ECN ECN EN E E EW E E N E E EC ECN N EN E EN W EC ECNW E E E N E E EC ECN EN EN EN E E E E N C EN EN EN N E ECN E EW E E E EN E E E E ECN ECN EN E EN 1974 1962-2004 1886-1918 1934 1881-1979 1882-1973 1879-1987 1935 2001 1915-2001 1976-2004 1895-2000 1881-2004 1879-2001 1881-1972 1929 1967-2000 1887-1976 1902-1973 1948 1972 1897-1900 1910 1882-1936 1880-2001 1974 1886-1948 2000 1885-1989 1946 1882-2000 1908-2001 1908 1889 1880-1921.5 2006 1963-1999 1887-1940 1882-2001 1881-1972 1885-1978 1962-1976 1962-1976 1973-1976 1962-1974 1887 1974 1974 1880 1886-1974 1962-1976 1976-1980 1973 1891 1882-2004 1999 1881-1981 1885 2000 1885 1885-2001 1885-2003 1976 1974 1931-1998 1880-2001 1880-1999 1965-1976 1886-2001 1886-2001 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Clinidae Clupeidae Clupeidae Clupeidae Clupeidae Clupeidae Clupeidae Clupeidae Congridae Congridae Congridae Coryphaenidae Creediidae Creediidae Cynoglossidae Cyprinidae Dactylopteridae Dasyatidae Dasyatidae Dasyatidae Dinolestidae Diodontidae Diodontidae Diodontidae Echeneididae Echeneididae Eleotridae Eleotridae Eleotridae Eleotridae Eleotridae Eleotridae Elopidae Engraulididae Enoplosidae Ephippididae Exocoetidae Exocoetidae Exocoetidae Exocoetidae Fistulariidae Fistulariidae Galaxiidae Gempylidae Gerreidae Glaucosomidae Gobiesocidae Gobiesocidae Gobiesocidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Heteroclinus whiteleggii Etrumeus teres Herklotsichthys castelnaui Herklotsichthys koningsbergeri Hyperlophus translucidus Hyperlophus vittatus Sardinops sagax Spratelloides robustus Conger verreauxi Conger wilsoni Gnathophis longicaudus Coryphaena hippurus Creedia haswelli Creedia partimsquamigera Paraplagusia bilineata Carassius auratus* Dactyloptena orientalis Dasyatis brevicaudata Dasyatis fluviorum Dasyatis kuhlii Dinolestes lewini Dicotylichthys punctulatus Diodon holocanthus Diodon hystrix Echeneis naucrates Remora remora Gobiomorphus australis Gobiomorphus coxii Hypseleotris compressa Hypseleotris galii Philypnodon grandiceps Philypnodon macrostomus Elops hawaiensis Engraulis australis Enoplosus armatus Platax teira Cheilopogon pinnatibarbatus Cypselurus hexazona Hirundichthys oxycephalus Hirundichthys speculiger Fistularia commersonii Fistularia petimba Galaxias maculatus Thyrsites atun Gerres subfasciatus Glaucosoma scapulare Alabes dorsalis Aspasmogaster costata Cochleoceps orientalis Acanthogobius flavimanus* Acentrogobius pflaumii Afurcagobius tamarensis Amblygobius phalaena Arenigobius bifrenatus Arenigobius frenatus Asterropteryx semipunctatus Bathygobius cocosensis Bathygobius krefftii Callogobius depressus Callogobius mucosus Cryptocentroides gobioides Eviota albolineata Eviota sparsa Favonigobius exquisitus Favonigobius lentiginosus Gnatholepis anjerensis Gobiopterus semivestitus Istigobius hoesei Mugilogobius platynotus Mugilogobius stigmaticus # Records Regions Years 12 3 6 2 6 30 15 15 1 11 1 2 1 1 4 2 8 1 2 2 9 14 2 4 7 12 5 5 2 2 23 3 6 8 40 3 4 1 2 1 7 16 7 1 25 4 3 21 2 18 16 9 4 16 20 2 4 37 15 15 10 1 1 16 7 1 6 30 4 1 EN EN EN E ENW ENW E E N ECN E EN E E ECNW W EC E E W EN ECN E C EN EC EC CNW EN E ENW ECW ENW ENW ECN E EC E E E EN ECN ECN C ECN EC EN ECN E ECNW EC ECN E CNW ECNW E EN ECN ECN EC ENW E E ECNW EW E CW EC CNW C 1881-2001 1878-1886 1885-1977 1908 1903-1981 1885-2001 1886-1920 1905-1999 1973 1885-2001 1887 1904-1975 1989 1987 1881-1972 1887-1975 1881-1987 1885 1885-1914 1887 1885-2001 1882-1976 1956-1976 1880-1881 1898-1943 1881-1963 1922-1972 1972-2002 1911-1975 1904 1904-2003 1916-2003 1885-1977 1903-1989 1880-2004 1895-1976 1882-1892 1945 1946-1959 1885 1887-1951 1880-1972 1905-1995 1935 1885-2001 1880-1889 1881-1959 1888-2003 2001 1971-2006 2001 1934-2001 1974 1886-2001 1881-2001 1976 1923-1976 1888-2001 1886-2001 1997-2001 1881-1975 1973 1976 1924-2001 1887-1977 1976 1983-2001 1976-2004 1935-1972 1972 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 313 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 314 Family Scientifc name Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Gonorynchidae Haemulidae Haemulidae Haemulidae Hemiramphidae Hemiramphidae Hemiramphidae Hemiramphidae Hemiscylliidae Heterodontidae Heterodontidae Hexanchidae Holocentridae Holocentridae Hypnidae Istiophoridae Istiophoridae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Kyphosidae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Nesogobius pulchellus Pandaka lidwilli Pleurosicya bilobata Pleurosicya mossambica Priolepis cincta Priolepis nuchifasciata Pseudogobius sp. Redigobius macrostoma Tridentiger trigonocephalus* Trimma necopina Valenciennea helsdingenii Valenciennea immaculata Gonorynchus greyi Diagramma pictum Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus Plectorhinchus gibbosus Arrhamphus sclerolepis Hemiramphus robustus Hyporhamphus australis Hyporhamphus regularis Hemiscyllium ocellatum Heterodontus galeatus Heterodontus portusjacksoni Notorynchus cepedianus Myripristis berndti Ostichthys japonicus Hypnos monopterygius Istiophorus Makaira Atypichthys strigatus Girella cyanea Girella elevata Girella tricuspidata Girella zebra Kyphosus sydneyanus Microcanthus strigatus Scorpis lineolata Scorpis violacea Achoerodus viridis Anampses caeruleopunctatus Anampses elegans Anampses geographicus Austrolabrus maculatus Bodianus axillaris Bodianus flavipinnis Bodianus frenchii Bodianus perditio Bodianus unimaculatus Choerodon cephalotes Cirrhilabrus punctatus Coris aurilineata Coris dorsomacula Coris picta Coris sandeyeri Eupetrichthys angustipes Haletta semifasciata Halichoeres hartzfeldi Halichoeres hortulanus Halichoeres marginatus Halichoeres nebulosus Halichoeres prosopeion Hemigymnus melapterus Heteroscarus acroptilus Iniistius jacksonensis Labroides dimidiatus Leptojulis cyanopleura Macropharyngodon negrosensis Neoodax balteatus Notolabrus gymnogenis Odax cyanomelas Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 7 2 1 3 3 22 17 19 11 1 2 6 2 4 3 1 1 1 12 26 3 27 58 7 1 1 21 1 1 21 6 8 22 2 7 11 16 1 16 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 14 1 2 1 1 2 2 5 6 5 2 1 2 1 1 19 2 2 4 1 16 13 18 EN N E E E EC ECNW ECNW ECN E E E E E E E E E EC EC E ECNW EC E N E ECN E E ECN E EN ECN EN E ECN ECN E ECN E E E E EN E E E EC N E E E E E EN E E E E E E E EN CN N E E ENW EN ECN 1886-1972 1908-2006 1976 1976-1986 1973-1976 1962-2001 1972-2003 1950-2001 1974-2001 1976 1973-1974 1972-1976 1907-1910 1973-1986 1935-1976 1976 1886 1908 1881-1950 1880-1974 1885-1887 1880-1972 1878-2011 1884-1930 1973 1957 1880-2001 1954 2008 1882-2004 1886-1892 1881-2000 1881-2000 1959-1973 1883-1991 1882-2001 1880-2003 2001 1892-2001 1975-2000 1974 1974 1974-2001 1966-1971 1973 1887 1976 1882-1908 1984 1974-2001 1974 1976 1888-1899 1959-1963 1887-2001 1885-2000 1973-1976 1885 1974 1974-1976 1975 1976 1878-2001 1881-1980 1967-1968 1974-1975 1976 1881-2001 1878-2001 1878-2001 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Labridae Lamnidae Lamnidae Latridae Leiognathidae Leptoscopidae Lethrinidae Lethrinidae Lethrinidae Limnichthyidae Lobotidae Lophiidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Lutjanidae Macrorhamphosidae Macrorhamphosidae Macrorhamphosidae Megalopidae Microdesmidae Microdesmidae Microdesmidae Mobulidae Molidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monacanthidae Monocentrididae Monodactylidae Monodactylidae Moridae Moridae Moridae Mugilidae Ophthalmolepis lineolatus Oxycheilinus bimaculatus Pictilabrus laticlavius Pseudojuloides elongatus Pseudolabrus guentheri Pseudolabrus luculentus Pteragogus enneacanthus Stethojulis interrupta Stethojulis strigiventer Suezichthys arquatus Suezichthys devisi Suezichthys gracilis Thalassoma amblycephalum Thalassoma lunare Carcharodon carcharias Isurus oxyrinchus Latridopsis forsteri Photoplagios moretoniensis Lesueurina platycephala Lethrinus genivittatus Lethrinus miniatus Lethrinus nebulosus Limnichthys fasciatus Lobotes surinamensis Lophiomus setigerus Lutjanus adetii Lutjanus argentimaculatus Lutjanus fulviflamma Lutjanus fulvus Lutjanus kasmira Lutjanus quinquelineatus Lutjanus russelli Paracaesio xanthura Pterocaesio chrysozona Pterocaesio digramma Centriscops humerosus Macroramphosus gracilis Macroramphosus scolopax Megalops cyprinoides Parioglossus marginalis Ptereleotris hanae Ptereleotris microlepis Manta birostris Mola mola Acanthaluteres spilomelanurus Acanthaluteres vittiger Aluterus monoceros Aluterus scripta Brachaluteres jacksonianus Chaetodermis penicilligera Eubalichthys mosaicus Meuschenia flavolineata Meuschenia freycineti Meuschenia scaber Meuschenia trachylepis Meuschenia venusta Monacanthus chinensis Nelusetta ayraudi Paraluteres prionurus Paramonacanthus filicauda Paramonacanthus otisensis Pervagor melanocephalus Scobinichthys granulatus Cleidopus gloriamaris Monodactylus argenteus Schuettea scalaripinnis Lotella rhacina Pseudophycis barbata Pseudophycis breviuscula Liza argentea # Records Regions Years 15 6 17 9 19 2 1 4 3 2 2 1 1 5 1 5 5 4 6 6 3 7 3 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 7 2 1 1 2 2 17 9 2 3 35 2 4 2 20 1 15 1 52 19 1 2 7 1 20 8 7 8 10 5 1 30 EC E EN E ECN E E E E EN E E E E E E EC EN E E EC EN E E E E E E E E E E E E E N E E E CN E E E E ECN ECN E EN ECN EN EW E ECN E ECN E ECNW ECN E E E E EC ECN ECN E ECN E C ECNW 1880-2001 1973-1976 1881-2001 1973-1998 1881-2003 1974-1976 2001 1974-1976 1974-1976 1976-1977 2001-2003 1976 1975 1973-2001 2004 1883-1999 1882-2000 1953-1979 1989-1999 1973-2001 1880-1976 1881-1974 1908-2001 1892-1893 1964 1975-1976 1953 1974 1984 1887-1974 1885 1965-1974 1973 1976 1976 1972 1889 1977-1981 1892-2000 1973-2001 1976 1974 1888 1882 1886-2001 1881-2001 1895-1946 1881-1991 1879-2001 1976-1980 1885-1886 1973-1998 1903-2001 2011 1887-2001 1976 1885-2001 1880-2001 1973 1946-1973 1973-1977 1976 1903-2001 1881-2003 1885-2001 1887-2004 1879-2001 1886-1972 1881 1881-2001 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 315 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 316 Family Scientifc name Mugilidae Mugilidae Mugilidae Mullidae Mullidae Mullidae Mullidae Mullidae Mullidae Muraenesocidae Muraenidae Muraenidae Muraenidae Muraenidae Muraenidae Myliobatididae Narcinidae Nemipteridae Nemipteridae Nemipteridae Nemipteridae Nomeidae Nomeidae Odontaspididae Ophichthidae Ophichthidae Ophichthidae Opistognathidae Orectolobidae Orectolobidae Ostraciidae Ostraciidae Ostraciidae Ostraciidae Ostraciidae Ostraciidae Paralichthyidae Paralichthyidae Paralichthyidae Paralichthyidae Pataecidae Pegasidae Pegasidae Pempheridae Pempheridae Pempheridae Pentacerotidae Pentacerotidae Percichthyidae Percophidae Pinguipedidae Pinguipedidae Pinguipedidae Pinguipedidae Pinguipedidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Platycephalidae Plesiopidae Plesiopidae Pleuronectidae Plotosidae Plotosidae Plotosidae Mugil cephalus Myxus elongatus Valamugil georgii Parupeneus barberinoides Parupeneus barberinus Parupeneus ciliatus Parupeneus spilurus Upeneichthys lineatus Upeneus australiae Muraenesox bagio Gymnothorax cribroris Gymnothorax kidako Gymnothorax minor Gymnothorax prasinus Gymnothorax prionodon Myliobatis australis Narcine tasmaniensis Nemipterus theodorei Pentapodus aureofasciatus Scolopsis bilineata Scolopsis monogramma Nomeus gronovii Psenes pellucidus Carcharias taurus Malvoliophis pinguis Ophisurus serpens Scolecenchelys australis Opistognathus jacksoniensis Orectolobus halei Orectolobus maculatus Anoplocapros inermis Lactoria cornuta Lactoria diaphana Lactoria fornasini Ostracion cubicus Tetrosomus reipublicae Pseudorhombus arsius Pseudorhombus dupliciocellatus Pseudorhombus jenynsii Pseudorhombus tenuirastrum Pataecus fronto Eurypegasus draconis Pegasus volitans Pempheris affinis Pempheris compressa Pempheris multiradiata Paristiopterus labiosus Zanclistius elevatus Macquaria colonorum Percophidae Parapercis australis Parapercis binivirgata Parapercis nebulosa Parapercis ramsayi Parapercis stricticeps Ambiserrula jugosa Platycephalus bassensis Platycephalus caeruleopunctatus Platycephalus endrachtensis Platycephalus fuscus Platycephalus longispinis Platycephalus marmoratus Platycephalus richardsoni Thysanophrys cirronasa Paraplesiops bleekeri Trachinops taeniatus Ammotretis rostratus Cnidoglanis macrocephalus Euristhmus lepturus Plotosus lineatus Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 39 17 1 1 1 2 22 43 5 1 3 1 1 10 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 8 2 7 12 13 1 15 40 7 3 5 3 19 34 2 17 5 1 1 3 7 20 4 1 2 16 1 1 1 7 3 1 8 2 5 3 32 12 1 1 10 8 22 28 19 8 4 ECNW ENW N N E EC ECN EN EN C E E E E E EN E E E E E E N EC E EN EN ECN E EC ECN EN EN EN E ECN ECN E ECN ECN E E EW E ECW E E E ECN E E E ECN E E EC E E E ECNW EN E E EC ECN E EN ECN NW EN 1880-1999 1931-2000 1977 1976 1886 2001 1881-2001 1885-2003 1901-2001 1881 1974-1982 1976 1997 1961-2001 1885 1881-1885 1972 1974-1980 1973-1975 1973-1976 1976 1988 1957 1879-1888 1898-1929 1885-1982 1881-1998 1881-1902 1972 1881-1934 1879-1995 1892-1976 1885-1984 1974-1976 1974-1981 1878-2001 1880-2001 1930-1973 1882-2001 1879-1973 1897 1885 1965-1977 1912-2004 1880-2004 1974-2001 1981 1888-2000 1882-1978 1991 1973 1947 1879-1980 1916-1974 1976 1885-2001 none 1893-1999 1886-1999 1880-2001 1895-1998 1888 1885 1882-2001 1881-2000 1915-2004 1885-1999 1882-1998 1887-1912 1976-2001 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour 2013 Family Scientifc name Plotosidae Poeciliidae Pomacanthidae Pomacanthidae Pomacanthidae Pomacanthidae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomatomidae Priacanthidae Pristidae Pristiophoridae Rachycentridae Rajidae Regalecidae Retropinnidae Rhinobatidae Rhinobatidae Rhynchobatidae Scaridae Scaridae Scaridae Scatophagidae Scatophagidae Schindleriidae Sciaenidae Sciaenidae Scomberesocidae Scombridae Scombridae Scombridae Scombridae Scombridae Scombridae Scombridae Scombridae Scombridae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scorpaenidae Scyliorhinidae Tandanus tandanus Gambusia holbrooki* Centropyge bispinosa Centropyge flavicauda Centropyge tibicen Chaetodontoplus meredithi Abudefduf bengalensis Abudefduf sexfasciatus Abudefduf vaigiensis Chromis hypsilepis Chromis nitida Chrysiptera brownriggii Chrysiptera notialis Chrysiptera starcki Chrysiptera tricincta Dascyllus trimaculatus Mecaenichthys immaculatus Neopomacentrus azysron Parma microlepis Parma oligolepis Parma unifasciata Pomacentrus australis Pomacentrus coelestis Pomacentrus wardi Pristotis obtusirostris Stegastes gascoynei Pomatomus saltatrix Priacanthus macracanthus Pristis zijsron Pristiophorus cirratus Rachycentron canadum Dipturus australis Regalecus glesne Retropinna semoni Aptychotrema rostrata Trygonorrhina fasciata Rhynchobatus australiae Calotomus spinidens Leptoscarus vaigiensis Scarus ghobban Scatophagus argus Selenotoca multifasciata Schindleria praematura Argyrosomus japonicus Atractoscion aequidens Scomberesox saurus Auxis rochei Auxis thazard Cybiosarda elegans Euthynnus affinis Katsuwonus pelamis Sarda australis Scomber australasicus Scomberomorus commerson Scomberomorus queenslandicus Ablabys taenianotus Dendrochirus brachypterus Dendrochirus zebra Glyptauchen panduratus Notesthes robusta Pterois antennata Pterois volitans Scorpaena jacksoniensis Scorpaena papillosa Scorpaenodes evides Scorpaenopsis insperatus Scorpaenopsis neglecta Scorpeanodes scaber Taenianotus triacanthus Asymbolus analis # Records Regions Years 1 44 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 14 1 15 1 4 3 2 1 6 2 30 14 1 9 13 1 1 1 8 34 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 4 5 1 1 3 2 4 1 6 2 3 2 2 11 3 3 1 3 10 31 6 7 2 1 1 2 12 W NW E E E EN N E E E E E E E E E EN E E E E N E E EN E ECNW ECN E E ECN C E E EC ECNW E E E N E EC E ECW EN E N EC E EN E EN EC E E E EN E EC W EN E ECN EC EN E 1885 1941-2003 1976 1976 1973 1972-1976 1974 1977 1962-1976 1974 1974-2001 1888 1974 1973 1976 1977 1885-2001 1976 1885-2003 1976 1944-2001 1968-1972 1973-1976 1974 1881-1986 1973-2001 1880-2000 1880-1976 1901 1885-1921 1881-2000 1883 1899 1911 1885-1943 1878-1909.5 1885 1974 1959-2001 1974 1949 1880-2000 1989 1906-1976 1885-1974 1887 1958 1903-1910 1927-1974 1908-1999 1974 1881-1906 1885-1910 1884-1908 1886-1907 1976 1885-2003 1895-1974 1882-1905 1976 1966-1976 1896-2001 1880-2004 1880-1981 1885-1998 2001 2011 1972 1976 1885-1941 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) E E EN 317 APPENDIX 1 Hutchings et al. 318 Family Scientifc name Sebastidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Siganidae Sillaginidae Sillaginidae Sillaginidae Sillaginidae Soleidae Soleidae Soleidae Soleidae Soleidae Soleidae Soleidae Solenostomidae Solenostomidae Sparidae Sparidae Sparidae Sparidae Sphyraenidae Sphyraenidae Sphyrnidae Sphyrnidae Squalidae Squatinidae Stegostomatidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Syngnathidae Synodontidae Synodontidae Synodontidae Synodontidae Synodontidae Terapontidae Terapontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Sebastiscus marmoratus* Acanthistius ocellatus Acanthistius paxtoni Caesioperca lepidoptera Caprodon longimanus Diploprion bifasciatum Epinephelus cyanopodus Epinephelus daemelii Epinephelus ergastularius Epinephelus undulatostriatus Hypoplectrodes annulata Hypoplectrodes jamesoni Hypoplectrodes maccullochi Hypoplectrodes nigroruber Trachypoma macracanthus Variola louti Siganus fuscescens Sillago ciliata Sillago flindersi Sillago maculata Sillago robusta Aseraggodes nigrocirratus Brachirus nigra Pardachirus hedleyi Soleichthys microcephalus Synclidopus macleayanus Zebrias quagga Zebrias scalaris Solenostomus cyanopterus Solenostomus paradoxus Acanthopagrus australis Dentex spariformis Pagrus auratus Rhabdosargus sarba Sphyraena obtusata Sphyraena waitii Sphyrna lewini Sphyrna zygaena Squalus megalops Squatina australis Stegostoma fasciatum Festucalex cinctus Filicampus tigris Heraldia nocturna Hippocampus abdominalis Hippocampus whitei Histiogamphelus briggsii Lissocampus runa Maroubra perserrata Notiocampus ruber Phyllopteryx taeniolatus Solegnathus spinosissimus Stigmatopora argus Stigmatopora nigra Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus Urocampus carinirostris Vanacampus margaritifer Saurida nebulosa Saurida tumbil Saurida undosquamis Synodus variegatus Trachinocephalus myops Pelates sexlineatus Terapon jarbua Arothron firmamentum Arothron hispidus Arothron stellatus Canthigaster coronata Canthigaster valentini Lagocephalus inermis Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) # Records Regions Years 1 14 1 1 1 1 2 9 1 11 17 3 16 10 1 2 13 38 3 14 3 2 18 5 10 4 1 2 2 8 41 1 25 26 8 1 3 7 3 2 2 41 20 8 8 41 1 1 8 2 17 5 12 23 3 10 14 2 3 7 2 14 18 2 2 3 3 1 1 9 E ECN E E E N E EC E EN EC EN EC E E E EN ECN E ECN E E EC E EN ECN C EN EN EN ECNW N ECN ECNW E E EC EC ECN CN E ECN EN EN ECN ECNW E E E E ECN E EC EN E EN EN EN ECN EN E ECN ECN E E E EN E E ENW 1980 1880-1980 1973 1974 2000 1974 1908-1966 1880-1976 1976 1878-1967 1882-2000 1976-2001 1881-2004 1885-2003 1974 1976-2000 1887-2000 1880-2000 1972-1973 1880-1990 1927-1984 1886 1881-1967 1893-1973 1885-2003 1880-1972 1879 1882-1887 1976 1973-1998 1881-2001 1965 1881-2003 1880-1999 1886-1991 1909.5 1878-1920.5 1878-1891 1880-1888 1879-1939 1947-1959 1882-2003 1885-2000 1969-1975 1916-2003 1880-2012 1976 1982 1974-2004 1885 1880-2009 1886-1999 1880-1990 1965-2001 1945-1976 1951-1999 1886-2001 1974-1976 1881-1895 1886-1973 1973-1974 1885-2000 1887-2001 1974 1915 1886-1974 1886-1970 1976 1974 1945-1977 2013 APPENDIX 1 Sydney Harbour Family Scientifc name Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetraodontidae Tetrarogidae Trachichthyidae Trachichthyidae Trachipteridae Triakidae Triakidae Trichiuridae Trichiuridae Triglidae Triglidae Triglidae Triglidae Triglidae Triglidae Tripterygiidae Tripterygiidae Tripterygiidae Tripterygiidae Tripterygiidae Tripterygiidae Uranoscopidae Uranoscopidae Urolophidae Urolophidae Urolophidae Urolophidae Zanclidae Zeidae Lagocephalus sceleratus Lagocephalus spadiceus Reicheltia halsteadi Tetractenos glaber Tetractenos hamiltoni Torquigener altipinnis Torquigener perlevis Torquigener pleurogramma Torquigener squamicauda Centropogon australis Optivus agastos Trachichthys australis Trachipterus jacksonensis Galeorhinus galeus Mustelus antarcticus Lepidopus caudatus Trichiurus lepturus Chelidonichthys kumu Lepidotrigla argus Lepidotrigla mulhalli Lepidotrigla papilio Lepidotrigla umbrosa Pterygotrigla polyommata Brachynectes fasciatus Ceratobregma helenae Enneapterygius atrogulare Enneapterygius larsonae Lepidoblennius haplodactylus Trinorfolkia clarkei Ichthyscopus barbatus Kathetostoma laeve Urolophus bucculentus Urolophus kapalensis Urolophus testaceus Urolophus viridis Zanclus cornutus Zeus faber # Records Regions Years 6 1 10 3 22 3 2 8 6 50 6 19 7 12 6 1 3 25 1 1 15 1 11 2 1 21 1 6 21 1 5 1 1 13 1 1 17 EC E ECN EN ECNW E E EN EN ECN E ECNW EN ECN EN E EN ECNW E E E E EC C E EN E EN EC E E E E E E E E 1878-1890 1981 1956-1999 1974-1999 1885-1999 1929-1976 1977-1978 1893-1999 1972-1999 1879-2003 1965-2001 1884-2001 1880-1985 1880-1965 1909-1975 1937 1951-1972 1880-1972 1976 1888 1882-2001 1973 1881-1892 2001 1974 1887-2004 1976 1881-1939 1888-2004 1999 1890-2000 1972 1981 1887-1977 1887 2009 1909-2000 None – indicates no year of collecting is recorded in database. 2013 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 319 APPENDIX 2 Hutchings et al. This unusual painting of the early 19th century shows a highly creative arrangement of freshly caught fishes - some are lying on the sand, while others appear to be floating as if they are still in the waters of Sydney Harbour (visible in the background). Most of the fishes portrayed in their relative sizes were common to the Sydney Harbour waters almost 200 years ago but the largest fish is one of the freshwater cods and is unlikely to have been caught in the harbour. The fishes include (from the top) snapper, hammerhead shark, redfish, freshwater cod, Southern maori wrasse, whiting and sea mullet. Painted in oils by Australia’s first professional artist, John Lewin (1770-1819), the work measures 86.5 cm x 113.0 cm. It depicts a site that today has iconic status within Australia - the fish are arranged on the shore at Kirribilli Point; the view behind the fish stretches south across Sydney Harbour to Dawes Point, where the southern end of the Sydney Harbour Bridge is now located; in the distance, the hip-roofed guardhouse and flagpole of the former Dawes Point Battery can also be seen. Postcard no. 00086 © Copyright of the Art Gallery Board of South Australia 1993 (original painting held in the Art Gallery of south Australia). 320 Australian Zoologist volume 36 (3) 2013