Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2011 ISSN - 0974-2441 Review Article HEPATOPROTECTIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS OF AYURVEDA– A REVIEW KSHIRSAGAR AD, MOHITE R, AGGRAWAL A S, AND SURALKAR UR* Department of Pharmacology, Padm. Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune Indira College of Pharmacy, Tathwade, Pune Department of Pharmacology, AISSMS College of Pharmacy, Pune Email: ksagar.ajay@gmail.com ABSTRACT Excessive drug therapy, environmental pollutants, hepatic cancer and alcoholic intoxicants are the main causes of liver disorders. )n spite of consistent human effort and drug discovery, modern drug has very little to offer. )n Ayurveda about herbal drugs and in Unani nearly herbal drugs are employed to cure liver diseases. The present review describes the literature survey on liver protective drugs; herbal drugs used as hepatoprotectives in Ayurvedic system of medicine and the Ayurvedic formulations employed to cure liver disorders. Keywords: (epatic disorder, (epatoprotective herbs, Ayurvedic formulation. INTRODUCTION The liver is a vital organ of paramount importance involved in the maintenance of metabolic functions and detoxification of the exogenous and endogenous challenges like xenobiotics, drugs, viral infections and chronic alcoholism. Diverse homeostatic mechanisms are affected if liver function is impaired, with potentially serious consequences. About , deaths occur every year due to liver diseases. (epatocellular carcinoma is one of the ten most common tumors in the world with over , , new cases each year. Although viruses are the main cause of liver diseases, excessive drug therapy, environmental pollution and alcoholic intoxication are not uncommon. Liver disease is a worldwide problem; Conventional drugs used in the treatment of liver diseases are sometimes inadequate and can have serious adverse effects. (erbal medicines are in great demand in the developed as well as developing countries for primary healthcare because of their wide biological and medicinal activities, higher safety margins and lesser costs. Modern drugs have very little to offer for alleviation of hepatic ailments, whereas most important representatives of phytoconstituents used for liver diseases chiefly on regional basis include drugs like silymarine Silybum marianum and catechin Anacardium occidentalis in Europe, Glycyrrhizin Glycyrrhiza glarbra in Japan and chizandrins Schizandra chinesis in China. DISCUSSION A lot of medicinal plants, traditionally used for thousands of years, are present in group of herbal preparation of the )ndian traditional health care system. )n )ndia, over polyherbal commercial formulations reputed to have hepatoprotective action are being used. Scrutiny of the literature indicates that phyto‐constituents from plant families have antihepatotoxic activity. , Silymarin; a phytoconstituent from Silybum marianum) has been widely used from ancient times because of its excellent hepatoprotective action. Pichrorriza kurroa Royle contains kutokoside and picroliv which are potential hepatoprotectant. ‐ Phyllanthus amarus is another most important plant selected for clinical trials.The present paper describes literature survey on liver protective herbal drugs; herbal drugs used as a hepatoprotective in Ayurvedic system of medicine. From hundreds of year, the Ayurvedic formulations are being employed in )ndian subcontinent to cure liver disorders, natural chemical constituents and inorganic salts are prescribed to treat the liver complications of minor to sevior type of liver toxicity. Liver protective herbal drugs contains a variety of chemical constituents like phenols, coumarins, lignans, essential oil, monoterpenes, carotinoids, glycosides, flavonoids, lipids, alkaloids and xanthines. Sesquiterpenes have been reported from Atracyclodes maerocephala. Andrographis panicles and Gardenial florida are the only source of diterpenes and carotinoids respectively. Extract of about different plants have been reported to cure liver disorders. Some herbal drugs such as like Adenosma indiana, aromatic amides of Clausena lansium, Ginseng saponins and polysaccharides of Auricularia auricular and Tremella fuciform also possess hepatoprotective property Table . )n Ayurveda about herbal drugs are used as hepatoprotective agents. There are different plants and their parts used for liver treatment, such as Sanguinaria candesis roots , grown in U.S.A. and Canada is advised in hepatic enlargement and in the hysteric without any organic lesion. Tarazacum officinale roots, found in Europe, (imalaya, Nigeria, North‐West Provinces and North America, are advised in chronic liver infection. Chelidonium majus whole plant of Europe and North America is given in both acute and chronic hepatitis. When the patient suffers from gout in addition to hepatitis, Colchicum is useful. Linseed alone or with opium is used as poultices over the hepatic region in acute hepatitis. (ydastis is useful in malarial jaundice and that due to catarrh of the bile ducts. Podophyllin is useful in catarrhal or malarial jaundice when stool are clay colored and exhibit no trace of bile; stillinea is used to relieve torpid liver following intermittent fever had to cure jaundice. Bryonia alba root, a perennial plant of southern Europe and East )ndies, is useful in various hepatic diseases chiefly hepatalgia. Table . Various drug formulations are employed in Ayurvedic system of medicine. The most widely used formulations are: Jawarish amla, Jawarish al­ tursh, Jawarish al­sirin, Jawarish mastagi, Dawa­e­ jigarpith, Dawa­e­Karim, Salajin bajuru and Sharbat bajuri. Most of these formulations contain Andrographis paniculata Nees, Asteracatha longifolia Nees, Boerrhaavia diffusa Linn, Cinchorium intybus Linn, Eclipta alba Hassk, Oldenlandia corymbasa Linn., Picrorrhiza kurroa, Rolex benth, Solanum nigrum Linn., Terminalia chebula Retz, Tinosphora cordifolia Wild Miers, etc. are widely used for liver complications. The marketed formulations such as Mandoor Bhasma and Loha Bhasma having single constituents are Bitters and vegetable tonics, e.g. gentian, are useful in functional disorders. Torpid liver with accompanying headache is treated with Livomyn. )pecachunha is reported to promote the flow of bile and given in large doses to dysenteric patients suffering also with hepatitis. A formulation prepared by mixing Nux vomica, podophyllum and mecury is useful in small doses in hepatic diseases. The important formulations are Acilvan, (ep‐ , Liva‐ , Livodin, Livosin, Livotrit, Livocin, Vilmliv, Livomycin, Liv‐ , Amlycure, Sanliv etc. Livin, Livokin, Livomin and Livosin formulations are composed of excessive number of herbal constituents while least number of drugs are present in Livertone, Stimuliv, Tefroli and Vimliv. The preparation Trisoliv possesses only Andrographis paniculata Nees. The quantity of each herbal drug varies in each formulation Table. . This review includes classification of hepatoprotective herbal drugs according to their major phytoconstituents, parts used and family. )t also includes the standard marketed Ayurvedic formulation along with the name of their manufacturers. So, the present data will be a helpful guide for identifying the different parts of the medicinal plants for hepatoprotective potential in various liver complications. Suralkar et al. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 4, Issue 3, 2011, 1­8 Table 1: Table Shows Liver Protective Herbal Drug Along With Their Main Phytoconstituents. Sr. no. Main phytoconstituent Phenols Coumarin Lignans Essential oil Monoterpens Sesquiterpens Diterpens Triterpens Carotenoids Glycosides Flavonoids Alkaloids Xanthines Liver protective drug 1. . . . 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. . 8. 1. 2. 3. 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 1. 2. . 4. . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 2. Part used Arnica Montana Linn. Cichorium intybus Linn. , Picrorriza kurroa Royle Syzygium aromaticum Linn. Armillaria tabescens Scop. Artemisiae capillaries herba Hemidesmus indicus Schisandra chinensis Turcz.19 Schisandra sphenanthera Silybum marianum Gaertn , Thujopsis dolabrata Anethum graveolens Linn. Apium graveolens Linn. , Azadirachta indica Carapa guianensi Aublet Cynara scolumus Linn. Foenuculum vulgare Mill. , Petroselinum sativum Hoffm. Pimpinella anisum Linn. Murraya koenigii Linn. Atractylodis lanceae Rhizoma Lindera strychnifolia (Sieb. & Zucc.) Andrographis paniculata Nees , Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. , Hedyotis corymbosa Linn. Protium heptaphyllum Aubl. Sambucus chinesis Lindley Tetrapanax papyriferus Gardenia florida Aloe barbadensis Mill Dianthus superbus Linn. Panax ginseng Polygonum cuspidatum Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Acacia catechu Willd. Aegiceras corniculatum Artemisia capillaries Thunb. Calotropis gigantean R. Br. Canscora decussate Roxb. Cassia occidentals Linn. Clausena dentate Willd. Garcinia kola Heckel Helichrysum arenarium Linn. Mentha longifolia Linn. Phyllanthus emblica Linn. Scrophularia grossheimi Tagetes patula Linn. Uncaria gambir (Hunter)Roxb Aristolochia clematis Fumaria parviflora Lam. Fumaria officinalis Linn. Herniaria glabra Linn. Peumus boldus Molina. Physalis peruviana Coffea Arabica Thea sinensis Plant Plant Root Plant Fungus Plant Roots Fruit Fruit Seed Leaves Fruit Seed Leaves Seed Leaves, Flower Plant Plant Plant Rhizome Root Leaves Whole plant Root Whole plant Trunkwood Plant Leaves Fruit Leaves Plant Rhizome Root Root (ard wood Stem Plant Leaves Plant and Juice Leaves Plant )nflorescences Plant Leaves Leaves Plant Seeds (eartwood Plant Plant Plant Whole Plant Plant Plant Seed Leaves Table 2: Table Shows Hepatoprotective Medicinal Plants Mentioned In Ayurveda Sr. no. Scientific Name Achille millefolium Linn. Aconitum herterophy llum wall. Aegal marimelos Corr. Aegiceras corniculatum Allium sativum Linn. Aloe barbadensis Mill. Aloe perry Baker. Andrographic paniculata Nees. Aphanamixis polystachya Wall. Parkar Apium graveolens Linn. Family Compositae Ranunculaceae Rutaceae Aegicerataceae Liliaceae Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae Acanthaceae Meliaceae Umbelliferae Parts used Plant Root Leaves Stem Bulb Plant Plant Plant Bark Seeds Suralkar et al. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 4, Issue 3, 2011, 1­8 Asteracantha longifolia Nees. Azadirachta indica A. Juss Berberis lycium Royle. Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. Bryonia alba Linn. Calotropis gigantea (Linn)R.Br. Canavalia ensiformis DC Carapa Guianensis Aublet. Carthamus tinctorius Linn. Cephaelis ipecacuanha Rich. Cichorium intybus Schard. Citrullus colocynthis Schrad. Clausena dentate Willd. Colchicum luteum Baker. Coptis teeta Wall. Cosmpstigma racemosa Weight. Croton oblongifolius Roxb. Cuscita reflexa Roxb. Cyprus pertunuis Delphinium zalil Atich & Hemse Desmodium biflorum Linn. Eclipta alba Hassk. Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. Ferula alliaceae boiss. Ficus asperrima Roxb. Ficus benjamina Linn. Ficus carica Linn. Ficus hetrrophylla Linn. F. Flacoutia indica Merr. Fumaria officinalis Linn. Fumaria parviflora Lam. Garcinia indica chois. Garcinia kola Heckel. Gentiana kurroo Royld. Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. Hedyotis corymbosa Linn. Hemidesmus indicus Hermodactylus gol Herniaria glabra Linn. Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders Hyssopus officinalis Linn. Jatropha gossypifolia Linn. Lawsonia inermis Linn. Luffa echinata Roxb. Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Mentha longifolia Linn. Momordica cochimchinesis spreng. Moringa oleifera Lam. Murraya koenigii Linn. Myristica fragrans Houtt. Nelumbo mucifera Gaertn. Paeonia emodi Wall. Phyllanthus niruri Linn. Picrorhiza kurroa Royle. Pinus roxburghii Sargent Podophyllum emodi Wall. Portulaca oleracea Linn. Protium heptaphyllum March. Prunus armeniaca Linn. Pyrenthrum indicum DC. Rhem emodi Wall. Rumex crispus Linn. Solanum dulcamara Linn. Solanum indicum Linn. Solanum nigrum Linn. Sphaeranthus hirtus Willd. Swertia chirata Buch­Ham. Symplocos racemosa Roxb. Taraxacum officinale Weber. Terminalia chebula Retz. Tinospora cordifolia Willd. Trichosanthes cordata Roxb. Acanthaceae Meliaceae Berberidaceae Nyctaginaceae Cucurbitaceae Asclepiadaceae Leguminosae Meliaceae Compositae Rubiaceae Compositae Cucurbitaceae Rutaceae Liliaceae Ranunculaceae Asclepidaceae Euphorbiaceae Convolvulaceae Cyperanceae Ranunculaceae Fabaceae Compositeae Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Umbelliferae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Flacourtiaceae Fumariaceae Fumariaceae Guttiferae Guttiferae Gentianaceae Asclepiadaceae Rubiaceae Asclepiadaceae Colchicaeae Caryophyllaceae Acanthaceae Labiatae Euphorbiaceae Lythraceae Cucurbitaceae Solanceae Labiatae Cucurbitaceae Moringaceae Rutaceae Myristicaeae Nymphaceae Ranunculaceae Euphorbiaceae Scrophulariaceae Pinaceae Berberidaceae Potulacaceae Burseraceae Rosaceae Compositae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Compositae Gentianaceae Symplocaceae Compositae Combretaceae Menispermaceae Cucurbitaceae Leaves, root & seeds Exudates Leaves Root Root latex, flower, stem Root Seed Flower Draught Plant Root Stem bark Corma Rhizome Root, Bark Bark Stem Plant Plant Whole plant Plant juice Fruit Fruit Gum resin Juice and bark Bark juice Fruit Root juice Bilangra Whole plant Whole plant Fruit Seeds Root Leaves Whole plant Roots Tubers Flowers Leaves, roots, stem, seeds Plant Leaves Bark Fruit and seed Fruit Leaves Fruit Root Leaves Seed Flower Tubers Plant Root Volatile oil Rhizome (erb Trunk wood Fruit Flowers Rhizome Root Berries Fruit, plant Dried fruit (erb Plant Bark Root Fruit Stem Root Suralkar et al. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 4, Issue 3, 2011, 1­8 Leguminosae Gramineae Verbenaceae Lythraceae Zingiberaceae Trigonella foenumgraececum Linn. Triticum sativum Lam. Vitex negundo Linn. Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. Zinziber officinale Rose. Seed Roots Plant Flower Rhizome Table 3: Table Shows Ayurvedic Formulations Used In Liver Complications Sr. No. Plants used in formulation Formulation containing the plant (Manufacturer) . Achillea millefoiliven Linn. Acilvan [ ], (efiaye [ . Acorus calamus Linn. . Aconitum heterophyllum wall. . . . Livol [ ] Livarin [ ] Aloe barbadensis Mill. . . . . . . Apium graveolens Linn. Wall. . Carum copticum Benth. Syn. Trachyspermum ammi Linn. Sprague Casearia esculenta Roxb. . Cassytha filliformia Linn. . R. Carthamus tinctorius Linn. Cassia angustifolia VAhl. Cassia fistula Linn. Kalmegh compound [ Cassia obtusifolia Linn. Cassia occidentalis Linn. Cassia sophera Cedrus deodara Roxb. Loud. Livin [ ] Amlycure [ [ ] ], Liva [ [ ], Livomin[ ], Livergen [ ] Biligen [ [ ], Syliv [ ] ] Jaundex syrup [ Triguliv‐ Adliv‐ [ ] ] [ ], Kalmegh compound [ Avilvan [ ] Adliv‐ [ ], Liva‐ Livarin [ ] Amlycure DS [ ] Acilvan [ ], (ipex [ Livin [ ] Amlycure [ Livomap [ [ ] . Citrullus colocynthis Scharad. Livin [ ] Crataeva religioosa (ook and [ Liva [ ], Livosin [ ] Acilvan [ ], Liv‐ [ ], Livomyn [ Adliv‐ Cichorium intybus Linn. ], Liv‐ ] ] ] ], Livokin [ ], Livokin [ ], Jaundex syrup [ ], Livoped [ ], Livomap [ ] ], Livokin [ ], Livotrit [ ], Livol [ ], ], Triguliv‐ ], (ipex [ ], Liv‐ [ ], Jaundex syrup [ ], Liva [ ], Liva‐ ], Livarin [ ], Livin [ ], Livodin [ ], Livomycin [ ], Neolin‐ ], Syli[ ] ], Livokin [ ], Syliv [ ] ], Livergen [ ], Livomycin [ ], Liv‐ [ ], Livex [ ], Neoliv‐ ], Liv‐ [ ], Liv‐ ], (ipex [ ], Triguliv‐ ], Livotone [ ], Livodin [ ], Livatona [ [ ], Livatona [ Acilvan [ ], Amlycure [ [ ], Vimliv [ ] Livomap [ ], Livospin [ [ ], Livergen [ Acilvan [ ], Amlycure [ ], (epex [ [ ], Livomap [ ], Triguliv‐ [ [ ], Vimliv [ ] Centella asiatica Linn. Urban . ], Liva [ ] . . [ ], Amlycure [ Adliv‐ [ ], Biligen [ ], Liva‐ Livotone [ ], Syliv [ ] Baliospermum montanum Muell. Arg Berberis lyceum Royle. . . . . . [ ] Livosin [ ] Calotropis gigantea Linn Brex Ait Carica papaya Linn. Capparis spinosa Linn. . Adliv ‐ Livin [ ], Livodin [ ], (epa‐ [ ], Biligen [ ] Avena sativa Linn. Asteracantha longifolia Nees. Syn. Hygrophila spinosa T. . . [ ], Livodin [ ], Adliv‐ Livomap [ Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. . . (epa‐ Artemisia absinthium Linn. . [ ], Livex [ ], Suliv [ ], Neoliv‐ (epa‐ [ ], Kalmegh compound[ ], Liva[ ], Livarin [ ], Livona [ ], Livergen [ ], Livosin [ ], Livospin [ ], Lierin [ ], livotone[ ], Livotrit [ ], Livin [ ], Livodin [ ], Livokin [ ], Livol [ ], Livomin[ ], Livoped[ ], Stimuliv[ ], Tefroli [ ], Trisoliv[ ], Jaundex syrup [ ] Andropogon muricatus Retz. Aphnamixis polystachya Parker ], Liv‐ Livin [ ] Andrographis paniculata Nees. . . Livex [ ] Adhatoda vasica Nees. Aloe . ], Amlycure [ ], Lierin [ [ ], Livodin [ ], Liva [ [ ], Livokin [ ], Syliv [ ], Neoliv‐ ], Livosin [ ] ] [ ], Syliv Suralkar et al. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 4, Issue 3, 2011, 1­8 . Thoms. non Forst. f. syn. Crataeva nurvala Buch. (am. Eclipta alba (assk. . . . . Embelia ribes Burm. f. Ferula foetida Regel. Fumaria officinalis Linn. Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. (ipex [ ], Livex [ ], Livodin [ ], Livomin[ ], Livosin [ ], Livospin [ Livosin [ ] Amlycure [ ], (epa‐ [ ], Livomin[ ], Stimulin [ ], Trignliv‐ [ Livatona [ ], Livomap[ ] Helleborus niger Linn. Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall. Ipomoea turpethum R. Br. Jatrorrhiza palmate Miers. Lawsonia inermis Linn. Latsea chinensis Lam. Luffa echinata Roxb. Melia azadirachta Linn. Syn. Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Mentha viridis. Moringa Pterygosperma Gaertn. Ocimum sanctum Linn. Oldenlandia corymbasa Linn. Trignliv‐ [ ], Amlycure [ ] Livosin [ ] Adliv‐ [ ], Livodin [ ], Livotone [ ], Livosin [ ], Livotrit [ ] Biligen [ ], Amlycure [ ], Livomin[ ], Livospin [ ], Livokin [ Livin [ ] Livin [ ] Trignliv‐ [ ] (epia‐ [ ] Lierin [ ], Livomap[ ] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grewia asiatica Linn. Heliotropium strigosum. Panicum milliare Lam. Phyllanthus emblica Linn. Syn. Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Phyllanthus amarus Linn. Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. Acilvan [ ], Amlycure [ ], (epa‐ [ ], Liv‐ [ ], Liva‐ [ ], Livin [ ], Livodin [ ], Livokin [ ], Livol [ ], Livomycin [ ], Livosin [ ], Livotrit [ ], Stimulin [ ], Tefroli [ ], Vimliv [ ], Trignliv‐ [ ] Trignliv‐ [ Liv‐ [ ] Jaundex [ Salvandora persica Linn. Salvia plebeian R. Br. Livin [ ] Livospin [ Solanum Lanthocarpum Schrad and Wendl. Swertia angustifolia Buch. (am. Swertia chirata Buch. (am. Swertia decussate Nimmo ex. Grah. Tamarix gallica Linn. Livospin[ ] Biligen [ ], Livex [ ] Livomin[ ], Amlycure [ ] Tecoma undulate G. Don. Livarin [ ], Neoliv‐ ], Livomap[ . Tephrosia purpurea Linn. Pers. . Terminalia belerica Roxb. [ Livin [ ], Livokin [ ], Livomin[ ], Livospin [ ], Neoliv‐ Tefroli [ ] Acilvan [ ], Liv‐ [ ], Liva [ ], Livokin [ ], Livosin [ ], Neoliv‐ . Salsola kali Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Solanum nigrum Linn. Tephrosia hirta Terminalia arjuna W. and A. Terminalia chebula Retz. Tinospora cordifolia Willd. Miers Trachyspermum ammi Linn. ], Livotrit [ ], Livospin [ ] ], Syliv (epex [ ], Livomap[ ], Amlycure [ ], Trignliv‐ [ ], Jaundex syrup [ ] Acilvan [ ], Livarin [ ], Lierin [ ], Livertone [ ], Livomap[ ], Livokin [ ], Livol [ ], Livotrit [ ], Vimlin [ ] Ricinus communis Linn. . ], Livin [ Livosin [ ] Livomap[ ] Amlycure [ ], Livin[ ], Acilvan [ ], Livomin[ ], Tefroli [ ] Lierin [ ], Liva‐ [ ], Livatona [ ], Livodin[ ], Livokin [ ], Livoped [ [ ] Amlycure [ ] , Vimlin (epex , Livertone , Livol, Livosin , Neoliv‐ Livin [ ] Lovex [ ], Livomap[ ] Liva‐ [ ], Livodin [ ] Amlycure [ ] Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Podophyllum Prunus domestica Linn. Ptychotis ajowan DC. Rhammus wightii W. and A. Rheum palmatum Linn. ] ] ] Piper chaba (unter. Piper longum Linn. Piper nigrum Linn. Plumbago indica Linn. . . . . . . ], Livotrit [ Livokin [ ], Livomin[ ], Liva [ (epa‐ [ ], Livosin [ ] Liv‐ [ ] (epa‐ [ ] Livotone [ ], Livotrit [ ] Livertone [ ] ] Trignliv‐ [ ] ], Livin [ ], Livospin [ ], Livotrit [ ] ] Acilvan [ ], Amlycure [ ], (epa‐ [ ], (epex [ ], (ipex [ ], Liv‐ [ ], Liva [ ], Liva‐ Livarin [ ], Livex [ ], Livokin [ ], Livomin[ ], Neoliv‐ [ ], Syliv [ ], Trignliv‐ [ ] Adliv‐ [ ], Liva‐ [ ], Livodin [ ] Acilvan [ ], Liv‐ Liva [ [ ], Livex [ ], Neoliv‐ [ ], Trignliv‐ Livertone [ (ipex [ ], Livol [ ], Livertone [ [ ] ], Liva [ [ ], Syliv [ ], Livosin [ ], Amlycure [ ], Livin [ ], Livokin [ ], Livatona [ ], Livergin [ Acilvan [ ], Liv‐ [ ], Liva‐ Livomap[ ], Trignliv‐ [ ] Biligen [ ] [ ], Livin [ ] [ ], ] ], Livomap[ [ ], Syliv [ ], Livol [ ], Tefroli [ ], Livin [ ], Livoped [ ], Livodin [ ], Livol [ ], Amlycure [ ] ], ], Terminaalia chebula [ ] ], Livomin[ ] ], Livotrit [ ], Suralkar et al. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 4, Issue 3, 2011, 1­8 . . . . Trigonella foenum ­ graecum Linn. Varnonia anthelmintica Willd. Syn. Centra therum anthelminticum Willd. Kuntze. Withania somnifera Dunal. Zingiber officinalis Rose. Biligen [ ], Liv‐ Livotone [ ] Liva‐ [ ] Livosin [ ] Livin [ ], Livomap[ The number in the square bracket indicates the manufacturer. Note: The List of Manufacturers [ ] = Acis laboratories, Kanpur [ ]= (. V. Pharm., Rajkot Gujarat [ ] = (imalaya Drugs Co., Bombay [ ]= Bhartiya Aushadh Nirmanshala, Rajkot Gujarat [ ]= Systemic Pharmaceuticals, Allahabad [ ] = Patiala Ayurvedic Pharm., Sirhind [ ] = Jupiter Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta [ ] = Madona Pharmaceuticals Research, Calcutta [ ] = Abala Drugs (ouse, Calcutta [ ] = Standard Pharma Remedies, Calcutta [ ] = Bengal Chemicals Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta [ ] = Scientific Research )ndustries Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta [ [ [ ] = (erbid )ndia Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta ] = Standard Pharmaceuticals, Calcutta ] = (erbs Era Pharmaceutical Udayrajpur West Bengal [ ] = Araya Aushadhi Pharmaceutical Works, )ndore [ ] = (. V. Pharmaceuticals, Rajkot Gujarat [ ] = (erbo‐Med, Calcutta [ [ [ ] = The Anglo‐French Drug Co. Eastern Ltd., Bombay ] = Gobe Pharmaceuticals, Jalandhar City Punjab ] = Vedic Pharm, Calcutta [ ] = Charak Pharmaceuticals )ndia Pvt. Ltd., Umbargaon Gujarat [ ] = Aimil Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta [ ] = Anakem Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta [ ] = (erbals APS Pvt. Ltd., Patna [ ] = Zandu Pharmaceutical Works Ltd., Bombay [ [ [ [ [ [ ] = East )ndia Pharmaceutical Works Ltd., Calcutta ] = Franco‐)ndian Pharmaceutical Works Ltd., Bombay ] = TTL Pharma Pvt. Ltd., Madras ] = Medley Pharm Pvt. Ltd., Bombay ] = Gambers Laboratories, Bombay ] = Bharat Pharmaceuticals, Delhi [ ] = Systemic Pharmaceuticals, Allahabad [ ] = Maharishi Ayurveda Corporation Ltd., New Delhi [ [ [ ] = Solumiks, Bombay ] = D. K. Sandu Bros. Chember Pvt. Ltd., Bombay ] = Triguna Ayurveda Research Lab, New Delhi [ ], Livatona [ ], Livomycin[ ], Livergin [ ], Livosin [ ] ], Livin [ ], Livoped [ ], Livokin [ ], Suralkar et al. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 4, Issue 3, 2011, 1­8 CONCLUSION Considering the enormous biodiversity resources of )ndian traditional system and the high incidence of liver complications, the present review extensively focuses on collection of data for different plants, which are available in )ndia. These medicinal plants claimed as liver protective agents are classified according to their biological source, phytoconstituents; part used and plants in formulations. People from )ndia are still dependent on conventional therapies to treat liver complications. Because of their easy availability and low cost. 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