Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T22:52:19.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Description of Paramylonchulus iranicus sp. n. (Nematoda: Mononchida) from Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 July 2023

Farzad Aliramaji Open the ORCID record for Farzad Aliramaji [Opens in a new window] ,
Abdolhossein Taheri  and
Ebrahim Shokoohi Open the ORCID record for Ebrahim Shokoohi [Opens in a new window]
Farzad Aliramaji*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Abdolhossein Taheri
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Ebrahim Shokoohi
Affiliation:
Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
*
Corresponding author: Farzad Aliramaji; Email: farzad.aliramaji@gau.ac.ir
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

During a survey of soil nematodes in Iran, a population of a species belonging to the order Mononchida was recovered. The new species, Paramylonchulus iranicus sp. n. is characterized by body length (1292–1535 μm in females and 1476–1670 μm in males), c (20.2–29.0 in females and 19.9–27.4 in males), buccal cavity length (23.0–26.0 μm), post vulval uterine sac length (135–162 μm), spicule length (46.0–50.0 μm), gubernaculum length (8.0–11.0 μm), and tail length (49.0–70.0 μm in females and 55.0–73.0 μm in males). Canonical discriminant analysis clearly separated P. iranicus sp. n. from the closely related species Paramylonchulus based on the important morphometric characters of females and males. A molecular study of the 18S rDNA region of P. iranicus sp. n. places this population in a well-supported clade with other species of the genus.

Keywords

18S rDNAdiscriminant analysisMylonchulidaemorphometricphylogeny
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 97 , 2023 , e53
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Addinsoft (2007). XLSTAT, Analyse de données et statistique avec MS Excel. New York: Addinsoft.Google Scholar
Ahmad, W, Jairajpuri, MS (2010). Mononchida: the predaceous nematodes. In: Nematology monographs and perspectives. Vol. 7. Brill: Leiden-Boston. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004174641.i-298.2Google Scholar
Altherr, E (1953). Nématodes du sol du Jura vaudois et français. I. Bulletin Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 65, 429–460.Google Scholar
Anandi, Y, Mohilal, N, Dhanachand, CH (1997). Study on soil nematodes of Manipur. IV: species of Paramylonchulus Jairajpuri and Khan, 1982. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology 17, 113–118.Google Scholar
Andrássy, I (1956). Eine interessante Nematodenfauna der Gerste. Nematologische Notizen. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 2, 307–317.Google Scholar
Andrássy, I (1958). Über das System der Mononchiden (Mononchidae Chitwood, 1937: Nematoda). Annales Historico-naturalis Musei Nacionalis Hungarica 50, 151–171.Google Scholar
Andrássy, I (1986). Fifteen new nematode species from the southern hemisphere. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 32, 1–33.Google Scholar
Andrássy, I (1993). A taxonomic survey of the family Mononchidae (Nematoda). Acta Zoologica Hungarica 39, 13–60.Google Scholar
Baqri, SZ, Jairajpuri, MS (1974). Studies on Mononchida V. The mononchs of El-Salvador with descriptions of two new genera, Actus and Paracrassibucca. Nematologica 19, 326–333.Google Scholar
Bastian, HC (1865). Monograph of the Anguillulidae or free nematoids, marine, land and freshwater; with descriptions of 100 new species. Transaction of the Linnean Society of London 25, 73–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bütschli, O (1873). Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leipold-Carolinae Nat Curios 36, 1–24.Google Scholar
Cassidy, GH (1931). Some mononchs of Hawaii. Hawaii Planters’ Record 35, 305–339.Google Scholar
Carta, LK, Li, S (2018). Improved 18S small subunit rDNA primers for problematic nematode amplification. Journal of Nematology 50, 4, 533–542. https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-051CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clark, WC (1961). The Mononchidae (Enoplida, Nematoda) of New Zealand IV. The genus Mylonchulus (Cobb, 1916) Pennak, 1953. Nematologica 6, 1–6.Google Scholar
Cobb, NA (1916). Notes on new genera and species of nematodes. Four subdivisions of Mononchus. Journal of Parasitology 2, 195–196.Google Scholar
Cobb, NA (1917). The mononchs (Mononchus Bastian, 1865). A genus of free-living predatory nematodes. Contributions to a science of Nematology VI. Soil Science 3, 431–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coetzee, V (1968). Southern African species of the genera Mononchus and Prionchulus (Mononchidae). Nematologica 14, 63–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Grisse, AT (1969). Redescription ou modifications de quelques techniques utilisées dans l’études des nématodes phytoparasitaires. Mededelingen van de Rijksfaculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Gent 34, 351–369.Google Scholar
De Man, JG (1876). Onderzoekingen over vrij in de aarde levende Nematoden. Tijdschrift Nederlandsche dierkundige Vereeniging 2, 78–196.Google Scholar
De Man, JG (1880). Die einheimischen, frei in der reinen Erde und im süssen Wasser lebenden Nematoden. Tijdschrift Nederlandsche dierkundige Vereeniging 5, 1–104.Google Scholar
De Man, JG (1904). Nématodes libres. In: Résultats du voyage du S.Y. Belgica en 1897-1898-1899 sous le commandement de A. de Gerlach de Gomery. Rapports Scientifiques Publiés aux Frais du Gouvernement Belge, Sous la Direction de la Commission de la Belgica; Zoologie, Nématodes Libres Zoologie 55 pp., pls. 1–111.Google Scholar
Dhanachand, CH, Rombati, N, Anandi, Y (1995). Two new species of Paramylonchulus and description of Mononchus truncatus Bastian, 1865 from Manipur. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology 15, 182–188.Google Scholar
Dujardin, F (1845). Histoire Naturelle des Helminthes ou vers Intestinaux. Paris: Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fielding, MJ (1950). Three new predacious nematodes. The Great Basin Naturalist 10, 45–50.Google Scholar
Goodey, T (1951). Soil and Freshwater Nematodes. London: Methuen.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hopper, BE, Cairns, EJ (1959). Taxonomic Keys to Plant, Soil and Aquatic Nematodes. Auburn, AL: Alabama Polytechnic Institute.Google Scholar
Huson, DH, Scornavacca, C (2012). Dendroscope 3: an interactive tool for rooted phylogenetic trees and networks. Systematic Biology 61, 6, 1061–1067. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys062CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jairajpuri, MS (1969). Studies on Mononchida of India. I. The genera Hadronchus, Iotonchus and Miconchus and a revised classification of Mononchida, new order. Nematologica 15, 557–581.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jairajpuri, MS (1970). Studies on Mononchida of India III. the genus Mylonchulus (family Mylonchulidae Jairajpuri, 1969). Nematologica 16, 434–456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jairajpuri, MS, Khan, WU (1977). Studies on Mononchida of India. IX. Further division of the genus Clarkus Jairajpuri, 1970 with the proposal of Coomansus n. gen. (Family Mononchidae Chitwood, 1937) and descriptions of two new species. Nematologica 23, 89–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jairajpuri, MS, Khan, WU (1982). Predatory nematodes (Mononchida). New Delhi, India: Associated Publishing.Google Scholar
Katoh, K, Standley, DM (2013). MAFFT Multiple Sequence Alignment Software Version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30, 4, 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koohkan, M, Shokoohi, E, Mullin, P (2015). Phylogenetic relationships of three families of the suborder Mononchina Kirjanova & Krall, 1969 inferred from 18S rDNA. Nematology 17, 9, 1113–1125. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002928CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larget, B, Simon, DL (1999). Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms for the Bayesian analysis of phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 16, 750–759. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026160CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loof, PAA (1993). On the status of Mylonchulus incurvus Cobb, 1917 and M. subtenuis Cobb, 1917 with redescription of M. sexcristatus (Merzheevskaya, 1951), description of M. inflatus n. sp. and comment on the genera Paramylonchulus Jairajpuri & Khan, 1982 and Pakmylonchulus Khan & Sayeed, 1987 (Nematoda: Mononchina). Nematologica 39, 1–4, 153–176. https://doi.org/10.1163/187529293X00141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menzel, R (1913). Mononchus zschokkei sp. n. und einige weing bekannte, für die Schweiz neue freilebende Nematoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger Leipzig 42, 408–413.Google Scholar
Nylander, JAA (2004). MrModeltest Version 2. Program Distributed by the Author. Uppsala: Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University.Google Scholar
Olia, M, Ahmad, W, Araki, M, Minaka, N (2009). Molecular characterisation of some species of Mylonchulus (Nematoda: Mononchida) from Japan and comments on the status of Paramylonchulus and Pakmylonchulus. Nematology 11, 3, 337–342. https://doi.org/10.1163/156854109X446935Google Scholar
Olia, M, Ahmad, W, Araki, M, Minaka, N, Oba, H, Okada, H (2008). Actus salvadoricus Baqri & Jairajpuri (Mononchida: Mylonchulidae) from Japan with comment on the phylogenetic position of the genus Actus based on 18S rDNA sequences. Japanese Journal of Nematology 38, 57–69.Google Scholar
Rahman, MF, Jairajpuri, MS (1984). Two new species of Mononchida from India. Nematologica 29, 126–131.Google Scholar
Ronquist, F, Huelsenbeck, J (2003). MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19, 12, 1572–1574. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg180CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shokoohi, E, Mehrabi-Nasab, A, Mirzaei, M, Peneva, V (2013). Study of mononchids from Iran, with description of Mylonchulus kermaniensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Mononchida). Zootaxa 3599, 519–534. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3599.6.2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shokoohi, E, Moyo, N (2022). Molecular character of Mylonchulus hawaiiensis and morphometric differentiation of six Mylonchulus (Nematoda; Order: Mononchida; Family: Mylonchulidae) species using multivariate analysis. Microbiology Research 13, 3, 655–666. https://doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres13030047CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skwarra, E (1921). Diagnosen neuer freilebender Nematoden Ostpreussens. Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipzig 53, 66–74.Google Scholar
Van Megen, H, Van Den Elsen, S, Holterman, M, Karssen, G, Mooyman, P, Bongers, T, Holovachov, A, Bakker, J, Helder, J (2009). A phylogenetic tree of nematodes based on about 1200 full-length small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Nematology 11, 6, 927–950. https://doi.org/10.1163/156854109X456862CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vu, TTT (2021). Description of a new species Coomansus batxatensis (Mononchida, Mononchidae) from Vietnam, with an updated key to species. Journal of Helminthology 95, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X21000201CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vu, TTT, Rybarczyk-Mydłowska, K, Susulovsky, A, Kubicz, M, Flis, Ł, Le, TML, Winiszewska, G (2021). Descriptions of two new and one known species of Parkellus Jairajpuri, Tahseen and Choi, 2001 (Nematoda: Mononchidae) and their phylogenetic position among Mononchida. Journal of Nematology 53, e2021–76. https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-076CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitehead, AG, Hemming, JR (1965). A comparison of some quantitative methods for extracting small vermiform nematodes from soil. Annals of Applied Biology 55, 1, 25–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, HW, Hoeppli, RJC (1929). Free-living nematodes from Fookien and Chekiang. Archiv für Schiffs- und Tropen-Hygiene 33, 35–43.Google Scholar