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Genetic differentiation between Mediterranean and Atlantic populations of the common prawn Palaemon serratus (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) reveals uncommon phylogeographic break

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 June 2017

Ronja Weiss
Affiliation:
Zoologie & Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
Zeltia Torrecilla
Affiliation:
El Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CICA, Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 A Coruña, Spain
Enrique González-Ortegón
Affiliation:
Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz, Puerto Pesquero, Muelle de Levante s/n, E-11006 Cádiz, Spain Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
Ana M. González-Tizón
Affiliation:
El Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CICA, Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 A Coruña, Spain
Andrés Martínez-Lage
Affiliation:
El Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CICA, Universidade da Coruña, E-15008 A Coruña, Spain
Christoph D. Schubart*
Affiliation:
Zoologie & Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: C. D. Schubart, Zoologie & Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. email: Christoph.Schubart@ur.de

Abstract

The Atlantic–Mediterranean transition zone between the Alborán Sea and the Gulf of Cádiz constitutes the most prominent marine geographic barrier in European waters and includes known phylogeographic breaks such as the Strait of Gibraltar and the Almería-Oran Front. A genetic shift in this area has been previously documented for the European littoral shrimp Palaemon elegans. Here we carried out a phylogeographic analysis with the congeneric and sympatric species Palaemon serratus to test for similar intraspecific genetic differentiation and geographic structure. This littoral prawn is distributed in the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. We compared DNA sequences from the mitochondrial genes Cox1 and to a lesser extent from 16S rRNA of several Atlantic and Mediterranean populations. Furthermore, sequences from the nuclear gene Enolase were included for corroborating differences between Mediterranean and Atlantic individuals. A pronounced genetic differentiation was detected between the Mediterranean and Atlantic populations, amounting to 10.14% in Cox1 and 2.0% in 16S, indicating the occurrence of two independent evolutionary lineages. Interestingly, specimens from the Atlantic Gulf of Cadiz cluster together with the Mediterranean individuals, indicating that a biogeographic barrier appears to be located west of the Strait of Gibraltar.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2017 

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