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Molecular and morphological data place Blarneya in Tylophoron (Arthoniaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2011

Damien ERTZ ,
Frank BUNGARTZ ,
Paul DIEDERICH  and
Leif TIBELL
Damien ERTZ
Affiliation:
National Botanic Garden, Department Bryophytes-Thallophytes (BT), Domein van Bouchout, B-1860 Meise, Belgium. Email: damien.ertz@br.fgov.be
Frank BUNGARTZ
Affiliation:
Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos; mailing address: Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, caja postal 17-01-3891, Quito, Ecuador.
Paul DIEDERICH
Affiliation:
Musée national d'histoire naturelle, 25 rue Munster, L-2160 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Leif TIBELL
Affiliation:
Department of Systematic Botany, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Abstract

Based on morphological, anatomical, chemical, ecological and molecular evidence, Blarneya is synonymized here with Tylophoron. The molecular phylogeny derived from sequences obtained from sporodochia of Blarneya places this genus, described to accommodate an anamorphic lichen with white cushion-shaped sporodochia, within Tylophoron. This conclusion is further supported by the discovery of Tylophoron-type ascomata emerging directly from thalli with Blarneya-type sporodochia and producing identical hyaline conidia. In one specimen pycnidia were also observed. This represents a surprising variety of morphologically different conidiomata. A different anamorphic type was previously reported from Tylophoron, and this is confirmed here by molecular analysis for T. moderatum: besides thalli with ascomata this species has anamorphic thalli with an irregularly delimited brown sporodochial felt and brown conidia. Ascomata are not known from these entirely anamorphic thalli, whereas they do occur infrequently in Tylophoron species with Blarneya-type sporodochia. A key to all currently accepted species of Tylophoron is provided. In addition to the corticolous Tylophoron hibernicum, confined to humid forests, two saxicolous species with Blarneya-type sporodochia are described here as new: T. galapagoense, known only from Galapagos, differs from T. hibernicum by a thicker, more compact, beige rather than white, more strongly C+ red thallus, growing below sheltered rock overhangs in dry forests; T. stalactiticum has a C− thallus with stipitate, white, C+ red sporodochia; the species is known only from a single locality in Tenerife, on a large slope with volcanic boulders.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 43 , Issue 4 , July 2011 , pp. 345 - 356
Copyright
Copyright © British Lichen Society 2011

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