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    Brazilian Lichens Vol V: Santa Catarina & Rio Grande do Sul
    Brazilian Lichens Vol V: Santa Catarina & Rio Grande do Sul
    Brazilian Lichens Vol V: Santa Catarina & Rio Grande do Sul
    Ebook562 pages1 hour

    Brazilian Lichens Vol V: Santa Catarina & Rio Grande do Sul

    By Felix Schumm and André Aptroot

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    About this ebook

    This book illustrates lichens that were recently collected in the temperate to subtropical states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. For some species, these are the first colour illustrations published. Parmeliaceae are well represented in this book, depicting some species with very limited distributions. Full synonymies are given, and species descriptions.

    New species:
    Ramonia longispora Aptroot & Schumm
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherBooks on Demand
    Release dateOct 10, 2023
    ISBN9783758384288
    Brazilian Lichens Vol V: Santa Catarina & Rio Grande do Sul

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      Book preview

      Brazilian Lichens Vol V - Felix Schumm

      Dr. Felix Schumm, Mozartstraße 9, 73117 Wangen, Deutsch-land. Email: fschumm@online.de

      Dr. André Aptroot, Laboratório de Botânica / Liquenologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Costa e Silva s/n, Bairro Univer-sitário, CEP 79070-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

      Introduction

      This fifth book on Brazilian lichens collected by the second author illustrates specimens from the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. These are the most southern states, and the only Brazilian regions that are temperate to subtropical (depending on altitude and latitude). Rio Grande do Sul has had more lichenological investigations than other states, both historically and recent, and as a result it is the state in Brazil from which the highest number of lichen species is known. Most research was either ecological or on Parmeliaceae taxonomy, and Parmeliaceae are well represented in this book, depicting some species with very limited distributions.

      All specimens allustrated are duplicates ex ABL herbarium in the herbarium of the first author; the original specimens are in the Brazilian herbaria CGMS and/or ISE.

      Adriano Spielmann and Emerson Gumboski are warmly thanked for organizing the joint field trips on which these specimens were collected.

      Regarding further issues, see the more elaborate introduction to volume 1

      Felix Schumm & André Aptroot

      New species:

      Ramonia longispora Aptroot & Schumm

      Acarospora moenium (Vain.) Räsänen, Lich. Fenn. Exs.: no. 306 (1936)

      = Aspicilia excavata G. Thor & Timdal, Lichenologist 18(2): 179 (1986)

      = Aspicilia moenium (Vain.) G. Thor & Timdal, Graphis Scripta 4(2): 66 (1992)

      = Endocarpon moenium Vain., Acta Soc. Fauna Flora fenn. 49(no. 2): 83 (1921)

      [ABL79252], Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Agudo, Cascata Raddatz, in Atlantic rain forest on overhanging siliceous rock. 29°35'12'' S, 53°10'49'' W, 250 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 79252), 15 July 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019. - Thallus crustose, indeterminate, formed by appressed or slightly protruding squamules; squamules up to 1 mm diam, grey or partly olivaceous to pure brown, with a white pruina consisting of calcium oxalate crystals; upper cortex paraplectenchymatous with cell lumina 4-10 x 4-8 μm. Photobiont green, unicellular, 6-11 μm diam. Soralia frequent, developing from the margin, growing inwards in the algal layer and excavating the squamules; soredia dark brown to black, 14.3-17.6 μm diam. Apothecia rare, only seen immature in one collection, innate, in the centre of the squamules; disc concave, brown, pruinose; hypothecium colourless; epithecium brown, K-, HNO3-, HC1-, hymenium 80-100 μm high; paraphyses septate, 2-3 μm thick, sparingly branched and slightly moniliform in the upper part, tips 2-4 μm thick, brown. Asci, ascospores and pycnidia not seen. Chemistry: No detectable substances by t.l.c; all parts C-, K-, P-, UV- .

      Acarospora moenium

      Ainoa mooreana (Carroll) Lumbsch & I. Schmitt, Mycol. Res. 105(3): 273 (2001)

      = Biatora brujeriana (Schaer.) Arnold, Verh. Kaiserl.-Königl. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 37: 99 (1887)

      = Biatora coarctata f. brujeriana (Schaer.) Tuck., Syn. N. Amer. Lich. (Boston) 2: 15 (1888)

      = Biatora coarctata var. brujeriana (Schaer.) Tuck., Syn. N. Amer. Lich. (Boston) 2: 15 (1888)

      = Biatora lopadioides Th. Fr., Bot. Notiser(5): 109 (1865)

      = Biatora torellii Anzi, Comm. Soc. crittog. Ital. 1(fasc. 3): 151 (1862)

      = Lecanora coarctata var. brujeriana (Schaer.) Schaer., Enum. critic. lich. europ. (Bern): 77 (1850)

      = Lecanora elacista var. brujeriana (Schaer.) A. Massal., Ric. auton. lich. crost. (Verona): 12 (1852)

      = Lecidea brujeriana (Schaer.) Leight. [as 'bruyeriana'], Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., Ser. 4 4: 202 (1869)

      = Lecidea brujeriana f. ochrodes Nyl. ex Stirt., Grevillea 2(no. 17): 71 (1873)

      = Lecidea brujeriana f. ochroides Nyl. ex A.L. Sm., Monogr. Brit. Lich. 2: 24 (1911)

      = Lecidea coarctata * brujeriana (Schaer.) Stizenb., Ber. Tät. St Gall. naturw. Ges.: 402 (1882) [1880-81]

      = Lecidea coarctata var. brujeriana Schaer., in Dietrich, Deutschl. Kryp-tog. Gewächse, 2 Abth.: 92 (1846)

      = Lecidea elacista var. brujeriana (Schaer.) Hepp, Flecht. Europ.: no. 615 (1860)

      = Lecidea lopadioides (Th. Fr.) Grummann, Cat. Lich. Germ. (Stuttgart): 20 (1963)

      = Lecidea mooreana Carroll, Nat. Hist. rev. Quart. J. Sci. 6: 529 (1859)

      = Lecidea torellii (Anzi) Nyl., Flora, Regensburg 64: 455 (1881)

      = Patellaria coarctata var. brujeriana (Schaer.) Trevis., Spighe Paglie: 54 (1853)

      = Trapelia brujeriana (Schaer.) M. Choisy, Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Soc. Bot. Lyon 18: 122 (1949)

      = Trapelia mooreana (Carroll) P. James, in Hertel, Herzogia 3(2): 405 (1975) [1973-74]

      = Trapelia torellii (Anzi) Hertel, Herzogia 1: 122 (1969)

      = Zeora coarctata f. brujeriana (Schaer.) Flot., Jber. schles. Ges. vaterl. Kultur [27]: 120 (1849)

      = Zeora coarctata var. brujeriana (Schaer.) Arnold, Flora, Regensburg 51(16): 243 (1868)

      [ABL78551, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Garuva, Quiriri, track to summit on exposed siliceous soil along track. 26°01'' S, 48°59'' W, 800-1200 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 78551), 30 March 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019.

      Ainoa mooreana

      Ainoa mooreana

      Allographa oryzaeformis (Fée) Lücking & Kalb, Herzogia 31(1, Teil 2): 554 (2018)

      = Graphina oryzaeformis (Fée) Müll. Arg., Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. nat. Genève 29(no. 8): 40 (1893)

      = Graphis oryzaeformis Fée, Essai Crypt. Exot. (Paris): 45 (1825) [1824]

      = Hemithecium oryzaeforme (Fée) Staiger, Biblthca Lichenol. 85: 290 (2002)

      [ABL78811], Brazil, Santa Catarina, São Bento do Sul, APA Rio Ver-melho, in Atlantic rain forest on tree bark. 26°15'10'' S, 49°16'19'' W, 900 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 78811), 1 April 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019. -Lirellae short, not branched. Excipulum not carbonized. Hymenium not inspersed, J+ blue-violet. Spores 1/ascus, hyaline muriforme, 27-30/6-8-locular, 90-110 x 25-32 μm, I+ blue-violet. Chemistry: nor-stictic acid.

      Allographa oryzaeformis

      Anisomeridium adnexum (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris, More Florida Lichens, Incl. 10 Cent Tour Pyrenol. (New York): 143 (1995)

      = Arthopyrenia adnexa Müll. Arg. [as 'adnaex'] 1883

      [ABL78561], Brazil, Santa Catarina, Garuva, Quiriri, track to summit on tree bark. 26°01' S, 48°59' W, 800-1200 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 78561), 30 March 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019. - Growing on bark or wood. Ostiole apical. Spores 35 μm or less in length, granular ornamented, ovoid to ± pyriform, with septum very markedly submedian, biseriate/irregular in ascus, 26-33 x 16-18 μm; microconidia globose, ca. 2 μm diam.

      Anisomeridium adnexum

      Anisomeridium epiphyllum (Vězda) R.C. Harris, , More Florida Lichens, Incl. 10 Cent Tour Pyrenol. (New York): 146 (1995)

      = Pleurotrema epiphylla Vězda 1978

      [ABL28050], Brazil, Santa Catarina, São Francisco do Sul, Forte Marechal Luz, on leaving leaves. 26°09'59'' S, 48°31'52'' W, 600m. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (no 28050), 10 October 2015, det. A. Aptroot 2015.- Perithecia dispersed, 0.6-1 mm diam. Ostiole lateral. Spores 6-8/ascus. 1-septate, hyaline, 30-40 x 10-12 μm.

      Anisomeridium epiphyllum

      Anisomeridium leptospermum (Zahlbr.) R.C. Harris, More Florida Lichens, Incl. 10 Cent Tour Pyrenol. (New York): 147 (1995)

      = Arthopyrenia adnexa var. leptosperma Zahlbr., in Skottsberg 1924

      [ABL79591], Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Pelotas, Cascata, BR-392, Entrade do Parque da Cascata, along road tree bark. 31°36'48'' S, 52°30'38'' W, 215 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 79591), 18 July 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019. - Thallus endophloeodal, not corticate, whitish or grey-ish, UV-. Ostiole apical. Ascospores 8/ascus, smooth, ovoid to broadly ovoid, with septum strongly submedian, hyaline, 18–23(–28) × 9–14 μm, microconidia globose, c. 2 μm diam.

      Anisomeridium leptospermum

      Anthracothecium macrosporum (Hepp) Müll. Arg., Linnaea 43(9): 44 (1880)

      = Verrucaria macrospora Hepp, in Zollinger, Syst. Verz. (Zürich): 9 (1854)

      [ABL78683], Brazil, Santa Catarina, Rio Negrinho, Rio Preto, Fazenda Velha, on farm on tree. 26°17'57'' S, 49°37'24'' W, 800 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 78683), 31 March 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019. - Ascomata mostly single, Ostiole apical. Hamathecium not inspersed, filaments mostly unbranched. Spores 1-4/ascus, brown, muriform, euseptate, 250 x 25 μm.

      Anthracothecium macrosporum

      Arthonia cyanea Müll. Arg., Flora, Regensburg 64(15): 233 (1881)

      = Arthoniopsis cyanea (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg., Lich. Epiph. Novi: 17 (1890)

      [ABL28040P], Brazil, Santa Catarina, São Francisco do Sul, Forte Marechal Luz, on leaving leaves. 26°09'59'' S, 48°31'52'' W, 600m. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (no 28040P), 10 October 2015, det. A. Aptroot 2015. - Spores hyaline, 1(-3)-septate, 10-12 x 4-5 μm, Hyme-nium I+ brown red.

      Arthonia cyanea

      Aspidothelium cuyabense (Malme) P.M. McCarthy, Lichenologist 27(5): 345 (1995)

      = Clathroporina cuyabensis (Malme) R. Sant., Symb. bot. upsal. 12(no. 1): 281 (1952)

      = Microglaena cuyabensis (Malme) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univers. 8: 62 (1931) [1932]

      = Thelenella cuyabensis Malme, Ark. Bot. 22A(no. 1): 4 (1928)

      [ABL79209], Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Agudo, Cascata Raddatz, in Atlantic rain forest on tree bark. 29°35'12'' S, 53°10'49'' W, 250 m. Leg. A. Aptroot (no 79209), 15 July 2019, det. A. Aptroot 2019. - Spores 8/ascus, muriform with 5-7 transverse septa, 40 x 15 μm.

      Aspidothelium cuyabense

      Asterothyrium microsporum R. Sant., Symb. bot. upsal. 12(no. 1): 320 (1952)

      [ABL28046], Brazil, Santa Catarina, Sao Francisco do Sul, Forte Marechal Luz, on leaving leaves. 26°09'59'' S, 48°31'52'' W, 60 m. Leg. M. Cáceres & A. Aptroot (no 28046), 10 October 2015, det. A. Aptroot 2015. - Apothecia immersed in the thallus, erumpent, 0.15-0.35 mm, disc yellow to grey, non pruinose. Excipulum paraplectenchymatous, uncoloured, I+ red. Paraphyses simple, c. 1 μm thick, with clavate apices. Spores 8/ascus, uniseriate, 1-septate, fusiform to ellipsoid, 8-10 x 2-3 μm.

      Astrothelium endochryseum (Vain.) Aptroot & Lücking, Lichenologist

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