Appearance
It is a stocky fish with a large rounded head. Its body is long and cylindrical in shape and is covered large greenish-brown scales which are edged with narrow bands of black across the back paling to golden on the flanks and even plare on the belly. The tail is dark brown or black and the dorsal fin is a greyish-green in colour and all the other fins being are orange-red. The dorsal fin has 3 spines and 7-9 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 7-10 rays. The vertebrae count is 42-48. It can grow to 60 cm standard length but most fish are around 30 cm
Naming
Synonyms:Cyprinus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758
Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Cyprinus capito Scopoli, 1786
Cyprinus chub Bonnaterre, 1788
Cyprinus lugdunensis Walbaum, 1792
Cyprinus orthonotus Hermann, 1804
Cyprinus albula Nardo, 1827
Leuciscus cabeda Risso, 1827
Cyprinus kietaibeli Reisinger, 1830
Cyprinus rufus Vallot, 1837
Leuciscus albus Bonaparte, 1838
Leuciscus cavedanus Bonaparte, 1838
Leuciscus brutius Costa, 1838
Leuciscus orientalis Nordmann, 1840
Squalius orientalis (Nordmann, 1840)
Leuciscus rissoi Schinz, 1840
Squalius pareti Bonaparte, 1841
Squalius tyberinus Bonaparte, 1841
Leuciscus nothulus Bonaparte, 1841
Squalius cephalopsis Heckel, 1843
Leuciscus albiensis Valenciennes, 1844
Leuciscus frigidus Valenciennes, 1844
Leuciscus squalius Valenciennes, 1844
Squalius meunier Heckel, 1852
Cyprinus salmoneus Gronow, 1854
Leuciscus latifrons Nilsson, 1855
Squalius meridionalis Blanchard, 1866
Squalius clathratus Blanchard, 1866
Leuciscus ruffoi Bianco & Recchia, 1983
Leuciscus lapacinus Stefani, Serra, Loffredo & Fossa, 1987
References:
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