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Salvelinus fontinalis Brook trout

Salvelinus fontinalisis commonly referred to as Brook trout. Difficulty in the aquarium: suitable for large display tanks (public aquarium or zoo) only. Toxicity: Toxic hazard unknown.


Profilbild Urheber Johnny Jensen, Dänemark


Courtesy of the author Johnny Jensen, Dänemark . Please visit www.aquariumphoto.dk for more information.

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lexID:
13984 
AphiaID:
154241 
Scientific:
Salvelinus fontinalis 
German:
Bachsaibling 
English:
Brook Trout 
Category:
Salmonids 
Family tree:
Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Actinopteri (Class) > Salmoniformes (Order) > Salmonidae (Family) > Salvelinus (Genus) > fontinalis (Species) 
Initial determination:
(Mitchill, ), 1814 
Occurrence:
Russland, Alaska (Western Atlantic), Albania, anadrome fish, Argentina, Bass Strait, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada , Chile, Danmark, East cost of USA, Finland, France, Germany, Greenland, Hudson Bay , India, Indian Ocean, Invasive Species, Iran, Italy, Japan, Kerguelen Islands, Labrador Península, Lithuania, New South Wales (Australia), New Zealand, Newfoundland, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Tasmania (Australia), the British Isles, the Falkland Islands, Turkey, Venezuela, Western Pacific Ocean 
Sea depth:
15 - 27 Meter 
Habitats:
Aquaculture, Brackish water, Estuaries (river mouths), Freshwater, Seawater, Sea water 
Size:
up to 33.86" (86 cm) 
Weight:
8 kg 
Temperature:
1,5 °F - 77 °F (1,5°C - 25°C) 
Food:
Amphibious, Carnivore, Clams, Crustacean larvae , Crustaceans, Echinoderm larvae, Fish (little fishes), Fish eggs, Fish larvae, Food opportunist, Insects, Mammals, Mysis, Predatory, Schrimps, Snails, Worms 
Difficulty:
suitable for large display tanks (public aquarium or zoo) only 
Offspring:
Possible to breed 
Toxicity:
Toxic hazard unknown 
CITES:
Not evaluated 
Red List:
Not evaluated (NE) 
Related species at
Catalog of Life:
  • Salvelinus agassizii
  • Salvelinus albus
  • Salvelinus alpinus
  • Salvelinus anaktuvukensis
  • Salvelinus andriashevi
  • Salvelinus boganidae
  • Salvelinus colii
  • Salvelinus confluentus
  • Salvelinus curilus
  • Salvelinus czerskii
 
Author:
Publisher:
Meerwasser-Lexikon.de
Created:
Last edit:
2021-07-08 19:16:25 

Captive breeding / propagation

The offspring of Salvelinus fontinalis are possible. Unfortunately, the number of offspring is not large enough to cover the demand of the trade. If you are interested in Salvelinus fontinalis, please ask your dealer for offspring. If you already own Salvelinus fontinalis, try breeding yourself. This will help to improve the availability of offspring in the trade and to conserve natural stocks.

Info

The brook trout, like the salmon, the sea trout, the eel or the sturgeon, is an anadromous migratory fish, which was introduced by man into many areas of the world, and was used, for example, for aquaculture.
Specimens escape from aqua farms again and again, which, like the brook trout, feel at home in foreign waters and cause difficulties for the native fauna in many ways.

The brook trout prefers larger prey, but it feeds on a wide range of organisms, including worms, leeches, beetles, crustaceans, mollusks, fish, small amphibians: frogs and salamanders, small mammals mice), insects: Chironomids, caddisflies, black flies, mayflies, stoneflies, and dragonflies, and sometimes even plant material.

The brook trout is now classified as an "invasive species" and a "potential pest" to native fauna.

Due to its anadromous migratory property, the salmonid is constantly entering new areas, e.g. Zimbabwe, Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Serbia, Slovakia, and Switzerland.

Salvelinus fontinalis is highly prized by fly fishers and other sport fishermen, and is consequently frequently stocked, or restocked.
The char rivals our native brown trout for food and is ready to spawn at about the same time, so there is often a loss of laid brown trout eggs.

Crosses are known to occur between brook trout and Arctic char, but these are sterile and cannot reproduce further.

Synonyms:
Baione fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814)
Salmo canadensis Griffith & Smith, 1834
Salmo fontinalis Mitchill, 1814
Salmo hudsonicus Suckley, 1861
Salvelinus fontinalis timagamiensis Henn & Rinckenbach, 1925
Salvelinus timagamiensis Henn & Rinckenbach, 1925

Scientific paper

  1. Designation of a neotype for brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, Stauffer, Jay R.; King, Timothy L. , 2015
  2. Rhabdomyosarcoma of Soft Tissues in an Adult Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Sirri, R.; Bianco, C.; Beraldo, P.; Mandrioli, L.; Pulvirenti, I.; Brachelente, C.; Galeotti, M.; Sarli, G. , 2015
  3. Induction and viability of tetraploids in brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ), Weber, Gregory M.; Hostuttler, Mark A.; Semmens, Kenneth J.; Beers, Brian A.; Morán, Paloma , 2015
  4. pH preference and avoidance responses of adult brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and brown trout Salmo trutta, Fost, B. A.; Ferreri, C. P. , 2015
  5. Environmental DNA particle size distribution from Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Wilcox, Taylor M.; McKelvey, Kevin S.; Young, Michael K.; Lowe, Winsor H.; Schwartz, Michael K. , 2015
  6. Chromosomal characteristics and distribution of rDNA sequences in the brook troutSalvelinus fontinalis(Mitchill, 1814), Śliwińska-Jewsiewicka, A.; Kuciński, M.; Kirtiklis, L.; Dobosz, S.; Ocalewicz, K.; Jankun, Malgorzata , 2015
  7. Zinc toxicosis in a brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill, Dreyfuss, J; Geyer, J; Stamper, M A; Baldessari, A; Lewbart, G A , 2014
  8. Calcium ion supplementation increases brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis spermatozoa activation at the end of the spawning season, Bondarenko, O.; Dzyuba, B.; Cosson, J.; Rodina, M.; Linhart, O. , 2014
  9. To fast or feed: an alternative life history for anadromous brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis overwintering within a harbour, Spares, A. D.; Dadswell, M. J.; MacMillan, J.; Madden, R.; O'Dor, R. K.; Stokesbury, M. J. W. , 2014
  10. The role of Ca2+and Na+membrane transport in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) spermatozoa motility, Bondarenko, Olga; Dzyuba, Borys; Cosson, Jacky; Rodina, Marek; Linhart, Otomar , 2014
  11. Individual differences in foraging behavior and cortisol levels in recently emerged brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), Farwell, Michelle; Fuzzen, Megan L. M.; Bernier, Nicholas J.; McLaughlin, Robert L. , 2014
  12. Use of Eggs Derived From the Interspecific Charr Hybrids to Induce Androgenetic Development of the Brook Charr ( Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill 1814), Michalik, O; Dobosz, S; Wójcik, I; Zalewski, T; Ocalewicz, K , 2014
  13. Spatial variability in adult brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) survival within two intensively surveyed headwater stream networks, Kanno, Yoichiro; Letcher, Benjamin H.; Vokoun, Jason C.; Zipkin, Elise F.; Magnan, Pierre , 2014
  14. Cytogenetic and histological studies of the brook trout,Salvelinus fontinalis(Mitchill), and the Arctic char,S. alpinus(L.) hybrids, Ocalewicz, Konrad; Hliwa, Piotr; Pomianowski, Konrad; Lisboa, Rodrigo; Jankun, Malgorzata , 2014
  15. Kinship analysis of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis during their breeding migration, Meli, A.; Fraser, D. J. , 2013
  16. Microhabitat use by southern brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) in a headwater North Carolina stream, Anglin, Zachary W.; Grossman, Gary D. , 2013
  17. The influence of parental effects on transcriptomic landscape during early development in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill), Bougas, B; Audet, C; Bernatchez, L , 2013
  18. Probiotic treatment by indigenous bacteria decreases mortality without disturbing the natural microbiota of Salvelinus fontinalis, Boutin, Sébastien; Audet, Céline; Derome, Nicolas , 2013
  19. Strain Specific Genotype-Environment Interactions and Evolutionary Potential for Body Mass in Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), Crespel, A.; Bernatchez, L.; Audet, C.; Garant, D. , 2013
  20. Potential impacts of climate change on brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) populations in streams draining the Laurel Hill in Pennsylvania, Argent, David G.; Kimmel, William G. , 2013
  21. Genetically based population divergence in overwintering energy mobilization in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), Amélie Crespel,Louis Bernatchez,Dany Garant,Céline Audet, 2013
  22. Stocking impacts the expression of candidate genes and physiological condition in introgressed brook charr ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) populations, Lamaze, Fabien C.; Garant, Dany; Bernatchez, Louis , 2013
  23. Summer stream temperature metrics for predicting brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) distribution in streams, Butryn, Ryan S.; Parrish, Donna L.; Rizzo, Donna M. , 2013
  24. Synchronization of ovulation in brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill 1814) using emulsifiedd-Arg6Pro9NEt sGnRHa, Viktor W. Svinger, Tomas Policar, Christoph Steinbach, Simona Polakova, Antonin Jankovych, Jan Kouril, 2013
  25. Timing of Appearance of Gyrodactylus colemanensis (Monogenea) on Young-of-the-Year Salvelinus fontinalis in a Nova Scotia Stream and Contribution of These Infections to Total Parasite Standing Crop, Leblanc, Roland; MacMillan, John; Cone, David , 2013
  26. Breaking the speed limit — comparative sprinting performance of brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) and brown trout ( Salmo trutta ), Castro-Santos, Theodore; Sanz-Ronda, Francisco Javier; Ruiz-Legazpi, Jorge; Jonsson, Bror , 2013
  27. Comparison of NADH-dependent cytochrome b5 reductase activity and in vitro methemoglobin induction by sodium nitrite inOncorhynchus mykiss,Salmo salar,andSalvelinus fontinalis, McConkey, Sandra; Saunders, Janet; Speare, David J. , 2013
  28. Concomitant Antibiotic and Mercury Resistance Among Gastrointestinal Microflora of Feral Brook Trout,Salvelinus fontinalis, Matthew M. Meredith, Erin M. Parry, Justin A. Guay…, 2012
  29. Coding Gene SNP Mapping Reveals QTL Linked to Growth and Stress Response in Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), Sauvage, C.; Vagner, M.; Derome, N.; Audet, C.; Bernatchez, L. , 2012
  30. Environmental factors correlate with hybridization in stocked brook charr ( Salvelinus fontinalis ), Marie, Amandine D.; Bernatchez, Louis; Garant, Dany; Taylor, Eric , 2012
  31. Empirical relationships between body tissue composition and bioelectrical impedance of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis from a Rocky Mountain Stream, J. B. Rasmussen; A. N. Krimmer; A. J. Paul; A. Hontela, 2012
  32. Antagonistic effect of indigenous skin bacteria of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) against Flavobacterium columnare and F. psychrophilum, Sébastien Boutin; Louis Bernatchez; Céline Audet; Nicolas Derôme, 2012
  33. Coding Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Mapping and Quantitative Trait Loci Detection for Physiological Reproductive Traits in Brook Charr, Salvelinus fontinalis, Sauvage, C.; Vagner, M.; Derome, N.; Audet, C.; Bernatchez, L. , 2012
  34. Population regulation of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Hunt Creek, Michigan: a 50-year study, GARY D. GROSSMAN; ANDREW NUHFER; TROY ZORN; GARY SUNDIN; GAYLORD ALEXANDER, 2012
  35. Asphyxiation and entombment mechanisms in fines rich spawning substrates: experimental evidence with brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) embryos, Franssen, Jan; Blais, Catherine; Lapointe, Michel; Bérubé, Francis; Bergeron, Normand; Magnan, Pierre; Rosenfeld, Jordan S. , 2012
  36. Tools for the management and conservation of genetic diversity in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis): tri- and tetranucleotide microsatellite markers for the assessment of genetic diversity, phylogeography, and historical demographics, T. L. King, B. A. Lubinski, M. K. Burnham-Curtis, W. Stott, R. P. Morgan II, 2012
  37. Microsatellite variation and genetic structure of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations in Labrador and neighboring Atlantic Canada: evidence for ongoing gene flow and dual routes of post-Wisconsinan colonization, Brettney L. Pilgrim; Robert C. Perry; Donald G. Keefe; Elizabeth A. Perry; H. Dawn Marshall, 2012
  38. Heterosis and outbreeding depression between strains of young-of-the-year brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Granier, S.; Audet, C.; Bernatchez, L., 2011
  39. Empirical assessment of software efficiency and accuracy to detect introgression under variable stocking scenarios in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), A. D. Marie; L. Bernatchez; D. Garant, 2011
  40. Behavioural and physiological responses of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis to midwinter flow reduction in a small ice-free mountain stream, A. N. Krimmer; A. J. Paul; A. Hontela; J. B. Rasmussen, 2011
  41. Sibship reconstruction for inferring mating systems, dispersal and effective population size in headwater brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations, Yoichiro Kanno; Jason C. Vokoun; Benjamin H. Letcher, 2011
  42. The Effects of Low-Speed Swimming following Exhaustive Exercise on Metabolic Recovery and Swimming Performance in Brook Trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ), Kieffer, James D.; Kassie, Roshini S.; Taylor, Susan G. , 2011
  43. Species-specific sensitivity to selenium-induced impairment of cortisol secretion in adrenocortical cells of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), L.L. Miller; A. Hontela, 2011
  44. Research regarding morphology, structure and physic-chemical features of the muscles provided from farming trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss and Salvelinus fontinalis), Benone Pasarin; Gabriel Hoha; Elena Costachescu; Bogdan Vlad Avarvarei, 2011
  45. The effect of antioxidants on the quality of cryopreserved semen in two salmonid fish, the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Franz Lahnsteiner; Nabil Mansour; Florian A. Kunz, 2011
  46. The Effect of a Flaxseed Oil-Enhanced Diet on the Product Quality of Farmed Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Fillets, Courtney A Simmons; Philip Turk; Sarah Beamer; Jacek Jaczynski; Kenneth Semmens; Kristen E. Matak, 2011
  47. Cadmium and copper contents in a freshwater fish species (brook trout,Salvelinus fontinalis) from the subantarctic Kerguelen Islands, A. Jaffal; S. Paris-Palacios; S. Jolly; A. F. Thailly; L. Delahaut; E. Beall; H. Roche; S. Biagianti-Risbourg; S. Betoulle, 2011
  48. Optimal swimming speeds reflect preferred swimming speeds of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalisMitchill, 1874), Christian Tudorache; Robyn A. O’Keefe; Tillmann J. Benfey, 2011
  49. The effect of temperature and ammonia exposure on swimming performance of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), C. Tudorache; R.A. O'Keefe; T.J. Benfey, 2010
  50. Fast Transcriptional Responses to Domestication in the Brook Charr Salvelinus fontinalis, Sauvage, C.; Derome, N.; Normandeau, E.; St.-Cyr, J.; Audet, C.; Bernatchez, L. , 2010

External links

  1. FishBase (multi). Abgerufen am 07.07.2021.
  2. Global Invasive Species Database (en). Abgerufen am 07.07.2021.
  3. World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (en). Abgerufen am 07.07.2021.

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