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Gasterosteus aculeatus Three-spined stickleback

Gasterosteus aculeatusis commonly referred to as Three-spined stickleback. Difficulty in the aquarium: Easy. Toxicity: Toxic hazard unknown.

Profilbild Urheber Anne Frijsinger & Mat Vestjens, Holland

Copyright Anne & Mat, Holland


Courtesy of the author Anne Frijsinger & Mat Vestjens, Holland Anne Frijsinger & Mat Vestjens, Holland. Please visit www.natuurlijkmooi.net for more information.

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lexID:
6522 
AphiaID:
236462 
Scientific:
Gasterosteus aculeatus 
German:
Dreistachliger Stichling 
English:
Three-spined Stickleback 
Category:
Sticklebacks 
Family tree:
Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Teleostei (Class) > Perciformes (Order) > Gasterosteidae (Family) > Gasterosteus (Genus) > aculeatus (Species) 
Initial determination:
Linnaeus, 1758 
Occurrence:
Russland, the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea, the North Sea, Alaska (Western Atlantic), Algeria, Canada , China, Corea, European Coasts, Greenland, Gulf of Maine, Iceland, Japan, Mexico (East Pacific), North Atlantic Ocean, North Pacific (Ocean), Northern Africa, Portugal, Scandinavia, the British Isles, the Isle of Man, USA 
Sea depth:
Meter 
Size:
1.57" - 7.87" (4cm - 20cm) 
Temperature:
41 °F - 51.8 °F (5°C - 11°C) 
Food:
Algae, Aquatic plant, Carrion, Copepods, Daphnia salina, Fish eggs, Fish larvae, Insects, Krill, Ostracodes (seed shrimps), Snails, Worms, Zooplankton 
Difficulty:
Easy 
Offspring:
Possible to breed 
Toxicity:
Toxic hazard unknown 
CITES:
Not evaluated 
Red List:
Least concern (LC)  
Related species at
Catalog of Life:
 
Author:
Publisher:
Meerwasser-Lexikon.de
Created:
Last edit:
2023-04-11 19:16:48 

Captive breeding / propagation

The offspring of Gasterosteus aculeatus are possible. Unfortunately, the number of offspring is not large enough to cover the demand of the trade. If you are interested in Gasterosteus aculeatus, please ask your dealer for offspring. If you already own Gasterosteus aculeatus, try breeding yourself. This will help to improve the availability of offspring in the trade and to conserve natural stocks.

Info

Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758

The three-spined stickleback is native to most inland and coastal waters north of 30°N. It has long been a subject of scientific study for many reasons.

Synonymised names:
Gasteracanthus cataphractus Pallas, 1814 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus aculeatus algeriensis Sauvage, 1874 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus aculeatus gymnurus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus aculeatus leiurus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted (junior synonym)
Gasterosteus aculeatus messinicus Stephanidis, 1971 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus aculeatus santaeannae Regan, 1909 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus aculeatus trachurus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni Girard, 1854 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus algeriensis Sauvage, 1874 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus argentatissimus Blanchard, 1866 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus argyropomus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus atkinsi Bean, 1879 · unaccepted (misspelling)
Gasterosteus atkinsii Bean, 1879 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus bailloni Blanchard, 1866 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus biaculeatus Mitchill, 1815 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus biarmatus Krynicki, 1840 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus bispinosus Walbaum, 1792 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus brachycentrus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus cataphractus (Pallas, 1814) · unaccepted
Gasterosteus cuvieri Girard, 1850 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus Dekayi Ayres, 1855 · unaccepted (misspelling)
Gasterosteus dimidiatus Reinhardt, 1837 · unaccepted (synonym)
Gasterosteus elegans Blanchard, 1866 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus gymnurus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus hologymnus Regan, 1909 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus inopinatus Girard, 1854 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus insculptus Richardson, 1855 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus intermedius Girard, 1856 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus leiurus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus loricatus Reinhardt, 1837 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus nemausensis Crespon, 1844 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus neoboracensis DeKay, 1842 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus neustrianus Blanchard, 1866 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus niger Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus noveboracensis Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus obolarius Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus plebeius Girard, 1854 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus ponticus von Nordmann, 1840 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus pugetti Girard, 1856 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus quadrispinosa Crespon, 1844 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus quadrispinosus Crespon, 1844 · unaccepted (misspelling)
Gasterosteus santaeannae Regan, 1909 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus semiarmatus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted (synonym)
Gasterosteus semiloricatus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus serratus Ayres, 1855 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus spinulosus Yarrell, 1835 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus suppositus Sauvage, 1874 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus teraculeatus Lacepède, 1801 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus tetracanthus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus texanus Sauvage, 1874 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus trachurus Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Gasterosteus williamsoni Girard, 1854 · unaccepted
Gastrosteus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758) · unaccepted (synonym)
Gastrosteus hologymnus Regan, 1909 · unaccepted
Gladiunculus bispinosus · uncertain > unassessed
Leiurus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758) · unaccepted (senior synonym)

Direct children (7):
Subspecies Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758
Subspecies Gasterosteus aculeatus algeriensis Sauvage, 1874 accepted as Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758
Subspecies Gasterosteus aculeatus leiurus Cuvier, 1829 accepted as Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 (junior synonym)
Subspecies Gasterosteus aculeatus messinicus Stephanidis, 1971 accepted as Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758
Subspecies Gasterosteus aculeatus santaeannae Regan, 1909 accepted as Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758
Subspecies Gasterosteus aculeatus trachurus Cuvier, 1829 accepted as Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758
Subspecies Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni Girard, 1854 accepted as Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758

Scientific paper

  1. Eco-evo-devo in the Study of Adaptive Divergence: Examples from Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Jamniczky, H. A.; Barry, T. N.; Rogers, S. M. , 2015
  2. Identification of the centromeric repeat in the threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Cech, Jennifer N.; Peichel, Catherine L. , 2015
  3. Habitat-dependent olfactory discrimination in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Hiermes, Meike; Mehlis, Marion; Rick, Ingolf P.; Bakker, Theo C. M. , 2015
  4. Environmentally relevant concentrations of citalopram partially inhibit feeding in the three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Kellner, M.; Porseryd, T.; Porsch-Hällström, I.; Hansen, S.H.; Olsén, K.H. , 2015
  5. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns in Wild Samples of Two Morphotypes of Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Smith, G.; Smith, C.; Kenny, J. G.; Chaudhuri, R. R.; Ritchie, M. G. , 2015
  6. [Advances in Ecological Research] Trait-Based Ecology - From Structure to Function Volume 52 || Predictors of Individual Variation in Movement in a Natural Population of Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Laskowski, Kate L., 2015
  7. GnRH mRNA levels in male three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, under different reproductive conditions, Shao, Yi Ta; Tseng, Yung Che; Chang, Chia-Hao; Yan, Hong Young; Hwang, Pung Pung; Borg, Bertil , 2015
  8. Tooth microwear formation rate in Gasterosteus aculeatus, Baines, D. C.; Purnell, M. A.; Hart, P. J. B. , 2014
  9. Gyrodactylus gasterostei a difficult meal to swallow for the three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., Grano-Maldonado, M. I., 2014
  10. Seasonal changes in carotenoid and lipid storage by threespine stickleback,Gasterosteus aculeatus, Black, C. A.; Scott, R. J.; Bernards, M. A. , 2014
  11. Computational identification of miRNAs, their targets and functions in three-spined stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), Chaturvedi, Anurag; Raeymaekers, Joost A. M.; Volckaert, Filip A. M. , 2014
  12. Identification of Major and Minor QTL for Ecologically Important Morphological Traits in Three-Spined Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Liu, J.; Shikano, T.; Leinonen, T.; Cano, J. M.; Li, M.-H.; Merila, J. , 2014
  13. The influence of ambient water temperature on sperm performance and fertilization success in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Mehlis, Marion; Bakker, Theo C. M. , 2014
  14. Impact of thermal stress on evolutionary trajectories of pathogen resistance in three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Franziska M Schade,Lisa NS Shama,K Mathias Wegner, 2014
  15. Within- and transgenerational effects of ocean acidification on life history of marine three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Schade, Franziska M.; Clemmesen, Catriona; Mathias Wegner, K. , 2014
  16. Multi-metallic contamination around former uranium mines induces adverse effects and acclimation disturbance in three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Le Guernic, A.; Sanchez, W.; Betoulle, S.; Gagnaire, B. , 2014
  17. Differences in susceptibility and immune responses of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from lake and river ecotypes to sequential infections with the eye flukeDiplostomum pseudospathaceum, Scharsack, Jörn; Kalbe, Martin , 2014
  18. A method for the automated long-term monitoring of three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus shoal dynamics, Kleinhappel, T. K.; Al-Zoubi, A.; Al-Diri, B.; Burman, O.; Dickinson, P.; John, L.; Wilkinson, A.; Pike, T. W. , 2014
  19. Erection of Ceratonova n. gen. (Myxosporea: Ceratomyxidae) to Encompass Freshwater Species C. gasterostea n. sp. from Threespine Stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) and C. shasta n. comb. from Salmonid Fishes, Atkinson, S. D.; Foott, J. S.; Bartholomew, J. L. , 2014
  20. The role of calcium and predation on plate morph evolution in the three-spined stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), Smith, Carl; Spence, Rowena; Barber, Iain; Przybylski, Mirosław; Wootton, Robert J. , 2014
  21. Heat and immunity: an experimental heat wave alters immune functions in three-spined sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), Dittmar, Janine; Janssen, Hannah; Kuske, Andra; Kurtz, Joachim; Scharsack, Jörn P.; Ardia, Daniel , 2014
  22. Association between integration structure and functional evolution in the opercular four-bar apparatus of the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus (Pisces: Gasterosteidae), Jamniczky, Heather A.; Harper, Emily E.; Garner, Rebecca; Cresko, William A.; Wainwright, Peter C.; Hallgrímsson, Benedikt; Kimmel, Charles B. , 2014
  23. Fast Evolution from Precast Bricks: Genomics of Young Freshwater Populations of Threespine Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, Terekhanova, Nadezhda V.; Logacheva, Maria D.; Penin, Aleksey A.; Neretina, Tatiana V.; Barmintseva, Anna E.; Bazykin, Georgii A.; Kondrashov, Alexey S.; Mugue, Nikolai S.; Peichel, Catherine L. , 2014
  24. Eutrophication alters social preferences in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Fischer, Stefan; Frommen, Joachim G. , 2013
  25. ТРОФИЧЕСКИЙ СТАТУС ТРЕХИГЛОЙ КОЛЮШКИ GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS L. ( GASTEROSTEIDAE) В ВИСЛИНСКОМ ЗАЛИВЕ БАЛТИЙСКОГО МОРЯ, СТРЕЛЬНИКОВА АЛЕКСАНДРА ПАВЛОВНА, 2013
  26. Male reproductive traits of full-sibs of different age classes in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Marion Mehlis, Theo CM Bakker, 2013
  27. Genetic divergence of a sympatric lake-resident-anadromous three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus species pair, Drevecky, C. J.; Falco, R.; Aguirre, W. E. , 2013
  28. The Synthetic Progestin Levonorgestrel Is a Potent Androgen in the Three-Spined Stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), Svensson, Johan; Fick, Jerker; Brandt, Ingvar; Brunström, Björn , 2013
  29. High degree of genetic differentiation in marine three-spined sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), DeFaveri, Jacquelin; Shikano, Takahito; Shimada, Yukinori; Merilä, Juha , 2013
  30. Effects of chronic exposures to the herbicides atrazine and glyphosate to larvae of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Le Mer, Charline; Roy, Robert L.; Pellerin, Jocelyne; Couillard, Catherine M.; Maltais, Domynick , 2013
  31. Reproductive success in a natural population of male three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus : effects of nuptial colour, parasites and body size, Sparkes, T. C.; Rush, V.; Kopp, D. A.; Foster, S. A. , 2013
  32. Investigating the Effect of Familiarity on Kin Recognition of Three-Spined Stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), Frommen, Joachim G.; Zala, Sarah M.; Raveh, Shirley; Schaedelin, Franziska C.; Wernisch, Bettina; Hettyey, Attila; Wright, J. , 2013
  33. Androgen feedback effects on LH and FSH, and photoperiodic control of reproduction in male three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Shao, Yi Ta; Arvidsson, Mia; Trombley, Susanne; Schulz, Rüdiger W.; Schmitz, Monika; Borg, Bertil , 2013
  34. Water temperature, not fish morph, determines parasite infections of sympatric Icelandic threespine sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), Karvonen, Anssi; Kristjánsson, Bjarni K.; Skúlason, Skúli; Lanki, Maiju; Rellstab, Christian; Jokela, Jukka , 2013
  35. Flow cytometry detection of lysosomal presence and lysosomal membrane integrity in the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatusL.) immune cells: applications in environmental aquatic immunotoxicology., Anne Bado-Nilles, Stéphane Betoulle…, 2013
  36. ПОЛОВОЙ ДИМОРФИЗМ КОЛЮШКИ ТРЕХИГЛОЙ (Gasterosteus aculeatus) НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ БЕЛАРУСИ, А. В. Турчин,В. К. Ризевский, 2012
  37. Boldness and aggressiveness in early and late hatched three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus, M. L. Ruiz-Gomez; F. A. Huntingford, 2012
  38. Consistent differences in macroparasite community composition among populations of three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., DE ROIJ, JOB; MacCOLL, ANDREW D. C. , 2012
  39. Fecundity compensation in the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus infected by the diphyllobothriidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus, DAVID C. HEINS, 2012
  40. Mechanisms underlying parallel reductions in aerobic capacity in non-migratory threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) populations, Dalziel, A. C.; Ou, M.; Schulte, P. M. , 2012
  41. Physiological and genetic basis for variation in migratory behavior in the three-spined stickleback,Gasterosteus aculeatus, Jun Kitano, Asano Ishikawa, Manabu Kume, Seiichi Mori, 2012
  42. Effects of invasive American signal crayfish ( Pacifastacus leniusculus ) on the reproductive behaviour of threespine stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) sympatric species pairs, Velema, G.J.; Rosenfeld, J.S.; Taylor, E.B. , 2012
  43. Variation in brain arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT) levels with reproductive stage and social status in males of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Agnieszka Kleszczyńska; Ewa Sokołowska; Ewa Kulczykowska, 2012
  44. PARTIAL REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION OF A RECENTLY DERIVED RESIDENT-FRESHWATER POPULATION OF THREESPINE STICKLEBACK (GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS) FROM ITS PUTATIVE ANADROMOUS ANCESTOR, Christoff G Furin; Frank A von Hippel; Michael A Bell, 2012
  45. PARTIAL REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION OF A RECENTLY DERIVED RESIDENT-FRESHWATER POPULATION OF THREESPINE STICKLEBACK (GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS) FROM ITS PUTATIVE ANADROMOUS ANCESTOR, Christoff G. Furin, Frank A. von Hippel, Michael A. Bell and C. Peichel, 2012
  46. Population genetic dynamics of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in anthropogenic altered habitats, Joern P. Scharsack; Hannah Schweyen; Alexander M. Schmidt; Janine Dittmar; Thorsten B.H. Reusch; Joachim Kurtz, 2012
  47. Diel vertical movements, and effects of infection by the cestode Schistocephalus solidus on daytime proximity of three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus to the surface of a large Alaskan lake, T. P. Quinn, N. W. Kendall, H. B. Rich Jr and B. E. Chasco, 2012
  48. Conservation of the photoperiodic neuroendocrine axis among vertebrates: Evidence from the teleost fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Conor S. O’Brien; Ryan Bourdo; William E. Bradshaw; Christina M. Holzapfel; William A. Cresko, 2012
  49. A TEST OF HYBRID GROWTH DISADVANTAGE IN WILD, FREE-RANGING SPECIES PAIRS OF THREESPINE STICKLEBACK (GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS) AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION, Eric B. Taylor, Carling Gerlinsky, Nicole Farrell and Jennifer L. Gow, 2012
  50. A Microsatellite Linkage Map of Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) Reveals Conserved Synteny with the Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), Sixin Liu; Caird E. Rexroad; Charlene R. Couch; Jan F. Cordes; Kimberly S. Reece; Craig V. Sullivan, 2012

External links

  1. FishBase (multi). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  2. Wikipedia (en). Abgerufen am 11.04.2023.
  3. World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (en). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.

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