Borneo’s

New World
Newly Discovered Species in the Heart of Borneo
 Dendrelaphis haasi, a new snake species
discovered in 2008
© Gernot Vogel

Heart of Borneo Vision With this report, WWF’s Initiative in

support of the Heart of Borneo
recognises the work of scientists
The equatorial rainforests of the Heart and researchers who have dedicated
countless hours to the discovery of
of Borneo are conserved and effectively new species in the Heart of Borneo,
managed through a network of protected for the world to appreciate and in its
areas, productive forests and other wisdom preserve.

sustainable land-uses, through

cooperation with governments, the
private sector and civil society.

Cover photos: Main / View of Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah © Eric in S F (sic); © A.Shapiro (WWF-US). Based on NASA, Visible Earth,
Inset photos from left to right / Rhacophorus belalongensis © Max Dehling; ESRI, 2008 data sources.
Dendrobium lohokii © Amos Tan; Dendrelaphis kopsteini © Gernot Vogel.
A declaration of support for
biodiversity
In February 2007, an historic Declaration to conserve the Heart of Borneo, an area covering
220,000km2 of irreplaceable rainforest on the world’s third largest island, was officially signed
between its three governments – Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia and Malaysia.
That single ground breaking decision taken by the three WWF’s Heart of Borneo Initiative
governments to safeguard one of the most biologically
rich and diverse habitats on earth, was a massive To support the efforts of the three governments, WWF
visionary step. Its importance is underlined by the launched a large scale conservation initiative, one that
number and diversity of species discovered in the Heart spans the local-to-global spectrum.
of Borneo since the Declaration was made.
At the local and national level, the three governments
Scientists have discovered more than 123 new species have mapped out a course of conservation and
in the Heart of Borneo area during the past 3 years – an management of the Heart of Borneo around five 1
average of more than 3 new species per month. These pillars of protected area, trans-boundary and
fascinating finds include the world’s longest known stick sustainable natural resource management, eco-tourism
insect, a flame-coloured snake and a colour-changing and capacity building.
frog. In total, 67 plants, 29 invertebrates, 17 fish, five
frogs, three snakes and two lizards and a brand new WWF is supporting these efforts in all three countries,
species of bird have been discovered (see Appendix). working very closely with government agencies to turn
the paper declaration into tangible on-ground action,
Heart of Borneo – heart of biodiversity district by district, region by region, to fulfil the
conservation promise of the Heart of Borneo Declaration.
The Heart of Borneo is a global treasure teeming with
unique and extraordinary life. Once described by Charles Internationally,WWF is using its global network to focus
Darwin as “one great luxuriant hothouse made by nature efforts to support the Declaration through its Heart of
for herself”, this island within an island is home to 10 Borneo (HoB) Initiative. Amongst its many other
primate species, more than 350 bird species, and 150 activities, WWF is working with key regional forums
reptiles and amphibian species. In addition, a staggering such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
10,000 plant species are sheltered by the region’s (ASEAN) and regional institutions such as the Asian
rainforests. Development Bank (ADB) to leverage support for
delivering on the HoB commitments.
Numbering among Borneo’s more than 200 species of
mammal are elephants, orang-utans, clouded leopard and Other HoB Initiative activities include the establishment
rhinoceros, co-existing here in one of the last strongholds of a ‘Green Business Network’ to raise awareness in the
remaining for these charismatic species. private sector of the vital role it can play in delivering
conservation and sustainable development to the HoB.
Although the habitats inside the Heart of Borneo are With an estimated 50% of land within current HoB
certainly exceptional they are also some of the least boundaries in private hands, the private sector is crucial
explored. As the last 3 years of independent scientific to ensuring sustainable land use.
discovery has proven, new forms of life continue to be
unearthed and the future promise of more discoveries is In order to achieve the far-reaching commitments
a tantalising one for the next generation of researchers to envisaged in the HoB Declaration, the HoB Initiative also
contemplate. The challenge is to ensure that these recognises that long-term financing schemes, equitably
precious landscapes are still intact for future generations. shared amongst stakeholders, need to be developed.
Several financing mechanisms are being explored,
The Heart of Borneo Declaration is proving to be a major including Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) and
driver of conservation and sustainable development Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation
in the region and sets forth a framework of action for (REDD) to provide incentives to practice sustainable
Borneo’s threatened species and equatorial rainforest land use and encourage the implementation of
through a network of protected areas and responsibly conservation measures.
managed forests.
 a closer look at the new discoveries...

© Gernot Vogel
2
© Orang Asli

The world’s longest insect A flame-coloured snake

(Phobaeticus chani) (Dendrelaphis kopsteini)
This enormous stick insect, found near Gunung Kinabalu Dendrelaphis kopsteini or Kopstein’s Bronzeback
Park, Sabah, in the Heart of Borneo measures 56.7cm or snake is a beautiful-looking species that can grow
over half a metre in length. Despite its size, very little is to an impressive 1.5 metres in-length. Discovered in
known about its biology and ecology, although it was 20073 in lowland to upland rainforest, this
described in 20081. It is believed to inhabit the high uncommon new species differs from all other
rainforest canopy making it especially elusive and Dendrelaphis species by a bright orange, almost
difficult to study. Also known as ‘Chan’s megastick’ after flame-like, neck colouration that gradually fuses into
the scientist that donated this particular specimen to the an extraordinary iridescent and vivid blue, green and
Natural History Museum in London, this species is the brown pattern, that extends the entire length of the
current title holder for a number of world records. In snake. The top of the head is deep bronze, a
addition to being the world’s longest insect, the species characteristic of all bronzeback snakes, and a dark
also wins the insect world record for the longest body, stripe extends from the snout, across the eye, to the
measuring an impressive 35.7cm. start of the neck.

Only three specimens of this extraordinary creature have When threatened, the Kopstein’s bronzeback has the
ever been found, all of them from the Heart of Borneo. ability to flare its nape, revealing bright orange
Borneo has long been known as an exciting hub for colours. Like most Dendrelaphis species, the
monster insects, not least the giant cockroaches that Kopstein’s bronzeback has an aggressive disposition
measure 10cm in length and were only discovered in the with a painful bite. In the wild, many inhabit trees
Heart of Borneo in 2004. and they hunt frogs and lizards.

Phobaeticus chani was selected as one of “The Top 10 The scientists who discovered this snake, Gernot
New Species” described in 2008 by The International Vogel and Johan van Rooijen, named the snake in
Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State honour of Felix Kopstein, an Austrian physician and
University and an international committee of herpetologist. Some weeks after the publication of
taxonomists2. this species, Gernot received a telephone call from
the Netherlands. The person introduced himself as
Peter Kopstein, the son of Felix Kopstein. He was 82
and wanted to express his thanks for the late honour
of his father, who died when Peter was young. Gernot
and Felix subsequently exchanged several letters4.
 © Stefan Hertwig
© Stefan Hertwig
© Peter O’Byrne

A beautiful wild orchid A colour-changing flying frog

(Thrixspermum erythrolomum) (Rhacophorus penanorum)
Experts say that nowhere else nurtures such an extensive This unique frog was found 1,650m above sea level in
and diverse collection of orchids as Borneo. Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak, in the Heart of
Approximately 3,000 magnificent species of orchid can Borneo6. The species is known only from the Tapin Valley
be found here, more than anywhere else on Earth. What’s near a small stream in the area, making it highly endemic.
more, the past three years have been very fruitful when Tiny, with males growing to just 3.5cm, the Mulu Flying
it comes to new orchid discoveries. No less than 37 new Frog as it is commonly known has a small pointed snout
orchids were discovered in the Heart of Borneo, and is unusual in that the species has bright green skin at
accounting for the lion’s shares of the 51 new orchids night but changes colour to display a brown hue during
discovered or described on the entire island since the the day. As the photographs show, the eyes of this minute
beginning of 2007. One such orchid, Thrixspermum species also change colour.
erythrolomum, was described from Gunung Trus Madi5,
Malaysia’s second highest mountain at 2,642m, close Flying frogs are frogs with the ability to glide as a result
to Gunung Kinabalu. This mountain is well known to of large and fully webbed feet, and aerodynamic flaps of
support a diverse range of unique flora and fauna. The skin on the arms and legs. Their evolution is seen as an
discovery adds further to Borneo’s reputation as a adaptation to their life in trees, high above the ground.
mysterious secret garden. Such frogs are capable of making long, gliding leaps,
sometimes 15 metres or more, to a neighbouring tree
branch or even all the way to the ground. They also have
oversized toe pads to help them land softly and stick to
tree trunks. Borneo has at least three other species of
flying frogs.

Gunung Mulu, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a large

mountainous national park and as such, the terrain can be
remote, making this isolated landscape an ideal haven for
undiscovered pockets of biodiversity. More than 70
species of amphibians are now known from here.
a closer look at the new discoveries...

© Richard Webster
4
© CK Yeo

A zebra-striped fish An elusive new bird species

(Eirmotus insignis)

A remarkably striking zebra-striped fish was officially A new bird species, the ‘Spectacled Flowerpecker’, was
described in 20087. The eight-banded barb, as it is recently discovered in the Danum Valley Conservation
commonly-called, has been mostly recorded from the Area, Sabah, in the Heart of Borneo8.
middle Kapuas between the towns of Sanggau and
Putussibau, Kalimantan, in the Heart of Borneo. Scientists observed the bird while walking along a 250m
canopy-walkway and very quickly realised they were on
One of 17 fish discovered in the Heart of Borneo in recent the verge of discovering something very significant.
years, the eight-banded barb measures around 3.6cm, and
typically inhabits slow-moving, shallow, shady rainforest The bird is an attractive grey colour with bright white
streams and swamps. The water in this habitat type is arcs above and below the eye, a white throat extending
often murky, with substrate composed of mud or fallen as a broad white stripe down the centre of the belly, and
leaves, twigs and branches. Such environments are also white tufts at the breast sides. The name given to the
often dimly-lit due to the rainforest canopy above. species refers to the bird’s prominent eye-rings.

The fish were found sheltering among overhanging tree The finding is all the more surprising given its location
roots and aquatic vegetation. It is noted as something of a in Danum Valley, where a scientific research station
shy, reluctant feeder. has been in operation since 1986. Scientists believe the
species is a canopy specialist, inhabiting and feeding off
fruits in the high trees. The species very rarely ventures
below the canopy, explaining why the bird has only just
been found.

Scientists revisited the area several times, but there was

no further sign of the bird.

The species emphasises the importance of the

commitment already made by Brunei Darussalam,
Indonesia and Malaysia to protect the Heart of Borneo,
and to ensure the many new species discovered in this
unique area survive.
 © Menno Schilthuizen
© Max Dehling

The Belalong tree frog A long-tailed slug

(Rhacophorus belalongensis) (Ibycus rachelae)

As a result of the Heart of Borneo declaration, 58 per Perhaps the rarest of the extensive invertebrate species
cent of Brunei Darussalam’s national territory will fall group are slugs which, according to scientists, are
under some level of environmental protection, good infrequently encountered. At great altitudes on Borneo,
news for new species such as the Belalong tree frog, several rare and highly endemic species appear to exist,
Rhacophorus belalongensis, discovered in 20089. This including one new colourful green and yellow species,
species was discovered in the Sungai Belalong basin Ibycus rachelae, described from Sabah, Malaysia, in the
in the Temburong district, hence its name, and it is Heart of Borneo10. Discovered on leaves in primary
miniature: males barely measure more than 3cm and montane forest at altitudes up to 1,900m on Gunung
females usually less than 3.8cm species. The species Kinabalu, the species has a particularly long tail, three
was encountered in the rainforests of Brunei, where times the length of its head, with a body length of 4cm.
it was found on vegetation next to small, fast-flowing According to scientists, the slug has the habit of wrapping
creeks at heights between one and three metres above the long tail around its body when resting.
the ground. Scientists also heard the frog calling from
the very tops of trees up to 10m high. From the Ariophantidae family, this unusual species
makes use of so-called ‘love darts’ in courtship. Made of
calcium carbonate, the love dart is harpoon-like which
pierces and injects a hormone into a mate, and may play
a role in increasing the chances of reproduction. Many
more new species of slug and land snail have been
collected in the Heart of Borneo recently but await
official scientific description11.
a closer look at the new discoveries...

© Andrea Lucky
© Daisy Wowor

A new freshwater prawn All creatures great and small…

(Macrobrachium kelianense)
This new freshwater prawn species, Macrobrachium A sizeable number of other new invertebrate species have
kelianense, was discovered in 200713. The species was also been discovered since the signing of the Heart of
one of two newly identified by scientists in the Kelian Borneo Declaration. These include net-winged beetles, a
River, located in the interior of East Kalimantan, in the benthic water bug, a wasp, ants and flies. In total, 29 new
Heart of Borneo. This river flows through pristine invertebrates have been identified.
tropical rainforest and into the 980km-long Mahakam
River, the largest river in East Kalimantan that extends A new reddish-brown ant, Lordomyrma reticulate, was
from the Borneo highlands to the Makassar Strait. The described in 200815. In total seven specimens of the ant
river is particularly rich in wildlife, with nearly 150 were obtained from leaf litter in lowland dipterocarp rain
endemic fish species, 300 bird species and the critically forest in Sabah, Borneo, in a selectively logged tract 3km
endangered Irrawaddy Dolphin. northeast of the Danum Valley Conservation Area.

The new prawn is tiny, measuring barely more than one The discovery of this species is highly significant as it has
centremetre in length and it differs from similar species expanded the known range of the genus to include
by having a greater number of teeth. Southeast Asia. Prior to this publication, no Lordomyrma
had been described from the area bounded by New
Several other new species of freshwater prawn from Guinea to the south and Japan to the north.
Borneo are currently awaiting official scientific
description14. Although often perceived as insignificant, invertebrates
play very important roles in ecology.
© Christopher Austin

© David Bickford
7

An unexpected skink discovery A lungless frog

(Lipinia inexpectata) (Barbourula kalimantanensis)
In 2007 scientists described a new species of skink from Although not a new species discovery, scientists did
several isolated localities in Sabah, Sarawak, and discover something amazing about the Bornean
Kalimantan16. The new skink from the Heart of Borneo Flat-headed Frog in 2008. The 7cm-long species is the
is small compared with other Lipinia species, measuring world’s first lungless frog17. Instead of lungs, this unique
just under 8cm in length. The species is dark brown with species breathes entirely through its skin. Other organs
dark grey and brown horizontal stripes down the body can be found in the place lungs would normally be, which
and a series of dark spots next to the stripes. makes the overall appearance of the frog flatter. As well
as a larger surface area with which to absorb more
The particular Latin name given to the species refers to oxygen, scientists believe this flatter and more
the unexpected nature of the discovery. This skink had aerodynamic shape allow the frogs to maneouvre more
been mistakenly referred to as Lipinia quadrivittata for capably in the fast flowing streams the species inhabits in
90 years. This species is known from the southern the Kalimantan rainforest, in the Heart of Borneo.
Philippines and Sulawesi in eastern Indonesia. It was
only when a team of scientists examined the Borneo The species was first discovered in 1978 and is currently
skink carefully that they realised the species had different listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened
DNA, colouration and an independent evolutionary Species. It is known only from two locations in the
history from Lipinia quadrivittata. middle of the Kapuas River Basin, where the species is
threatened by pollution from mining activities.
The new species finds itself in good company: Nanga
Tekalit in Sarawak is rich in herpetofauna, including
as many as 40 species of lizards.
 Appendix
(NB. This list may not be a completely exhaustive record of new species discovered in the Heart of Borneo)
Species Scientist(s) Year Location
Amphibians
Pelophryne linanitensis Das 2008 Gunung Murud, Sarawak
Pelophryne murudensis Das 2008 Gunung Murud, Sarawak
Pelophryne saravacensis Inger & Stuebing 2009 Sunghai Segaham, Belaga District, Kapit Division, Sarawak
Rhacophorus belalongensis Dehling & Grafe 2008 Brunei lowland rainforests
Rhacophorus penanorum Dehling 2008 Gunung Mulu, Sarawak

Subtotal 5

Reptiles
Anomochilus monticola Das, Lakim, Lim & Hui 2008 Gunung Kinabalu Park, Ranau District, Sabah, Malaysia
Dendelaphis kopsteini Vogel & van Rooijen 2007 Borneo-wide
Dendrelaphis haasi Vogel & van Rooijen 2008 Borneo-wide
Lipinia inexpectata Das & Austin 2007 Kapit Division, Sarawak
Luperosaurus sorok Das, Lakim & Kandaung 2008 Crocker Range Park, Sabah

Subtotal 5
8 Birds
‘Spectacled Flowerpecker’ (awaiting Edwards, Webster & Rowlett 2009 Danum Valley, Sabah
formal scientific naming)

Subtotal 1

Fish
Pangio lidi Hadiaty & Kottelat 2009 Belayan River in the Mahakam drainage
Eirmotus insignis Tan & Kottelat 2008 Kapuas drainage in Kalimantan Barat
Eirmotus isthmus Tan & Kottelat 2008 Mentaya drainage, Central Kalimantan
Homaloptera batek Tan 2009 Upper Mahakam basin in East Kalimantan
Kottelatlimia hipporhynchos Kottelat & Tan 2008 Kahayan, Sampit and Kapuas basins
Lobocheilos erinaceus Kottelat & Tan 2008 Danum Valley, Sabah
Lobocheilos ixocheilos Kottelat & Tan 2008 Kapuas drainage in Kalimantan, Borneo
Lobocheilos ovalis Kottelat & Tan 2008 Sarawak, Brunei, Sabah
Lobocheilos tenura Kottelat & Tan 2008 Kapuas drainage in Kalimantan
Lobocheilos terminalis Kottelat & Tan 2008 Kinabatangan and Segama drainages in Sabah, Borneo
Lobocheilos unicornis Kottelat & Tan 2008 Segama drainage in Danum Valley, Sabah
Nanobagrus immaculatus Ng 2008 Kahayan River drainage
Ompok supernus Ng 2008 Rungan River drainage in Kalimantan

Osteochilus bleekeri Kottelat 2008 Kapuas drainage, Kalimantan

Paedocypris carbunculus Britz & Kottelat 2008 Pangkalan, Sabah
Rasbora lacrimula Hadiaty & Kottelat 2009 Mahakam drainage in Kalimantan
Rasbora patrickyapi Tan 2009 Rungan-Kahayan basin, Central Kalimantan

Subtotal 17
Invertebrates
Aphelocheirus bruneiensis Zettel, Lane & Moore 2008 Brunei
Chinemesa uniannulata Redei 2007 Danum Valley, Sabah
Enigmocephala deinorhyncha Redei 2007 Kapit Division, Sarawak
Eriococcus szentivanyi Kozár & Williams 2009 Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah
Eulichas villosa Hájek 2009 Gunung Emas and Gunung Kinabalu
Foenobethylus bidentatus Várkonyi & Polaszek 2007 Brunei
Hoyicoccus hendersonae Kozár & Williams 2009 Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah

Ibycus rachelae Schilthuizen & Liew 2008 Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah

Lordomyrma reticulata Lucky & Sarnat 2008 Near Danum Valley

Macrobrachium kelianense Wowor & Short 2007 Kelian River, East Kalimantan
Macrobrachium urayang Wowor & Short 2007 Kelian River, East Kalimantan
Paratelius emasensis Malohlava & Bocak 2009 Crocker Range
Species Scientist(s) Year Location
Paratelius nigricornis Malohlava & Bocak 2009 Crocker Range
Paratelius snizeki Malohlava & Bocak 2009 Crocker Range
Phaenicocleus minor Štys & Baňař 2009 Crocker Range
Phaenicocleus sabahensis Štys & Baňař 2009 Crocker Range
Phaenicocleus schwendingeri Štys & Baňař 2009 Mount Kinabalu
Phobaeticus chani Hennemann & Conle 2008 Kinabalu Park, Sabah
Phortica alba Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu and Crocker Range, Sabah
Phortica epsilon Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu
Phortica expansa Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu
Phortica jamilli Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu
Phortica kinabalensis Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu and Crocker Range, Sabah
Phortica lanuginosa Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu
Phortica liewi Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu and Crocker Range, Sabah
Phortica membranifera Chen & Toda 2007 Crocker Range
Phortica ni Chen & Toda 2007 Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah
Phortica palmata Chen & Toda 2007 Crocker Range 9
Phortica zeta Chen & Toda 2007 Crocker Range

Subtotal 29

Plants
Alocasia infernalis Boyce 2007 Kapit Division, Sarawak
Alphonsea borneensis Turner 2009 Sintang, Central Kalimantan
Appendicula clemensiorum Wood 2008 Mount Kinabalu National Park
Appendicula tembuyukenensis Wood 2008 Mount Kinabalu National Park, Kota Belud District
Ascidieria maculiflora Wood 2008 Ulu Padas, Sipitang District
Boesenbergia imbakensis Sakai & Nagam. 2009 Imbak Canyon, Kinabatangan, Sabah
Boesenbergia laevivaginata Sakai & Nagam. 2009 Bario, Marudi District
Boesenbergia subulata Sakai & Nagam. 2009 Belait, Labi
Bulbophyllum aschemon Verm. & Lamb 2008 Kelabit Highlands
Bulbophyllum belliae Verm. & Lamb 2008 Mount Kinabalu National Park
Bulbophyllum belonaeglossum Verm. & Lamb 2008 Sabah
Bulbophyllum cyrtognomom Verm. & Lamb 2008 Crocker Range
Bulbophyllum haematostictum Verm. & Lamb 2008 Batu Punggul near Sepulot, Sabah
Bulbophyllum leptoglossum Verm. & Lamb 2008 Gunung Mulu National Park
Bulbophyllum retrorsum Verm. & Lamb 2008 Kinabalu National Park
Bulbophyllum rutilan Verm. & Lamb 2008 Long Pa Sia area, Sipitang District, Sabah
Bulbophyllum simii Verm. & Lamb 2008 Lanjak Entimau Protected Forest, Sarawak
Callicarpa argentii Bramley 2009 Gunung Meranti, Central Kalimantan
Chelonistele senagangensis Wood 2008 Ulu Senagang, Tenom District, Sabah
Cleisocentron gokusingii Wood & Lamb 2008 Mount Rimau near Long Pa Sia, Sipitang District, Sabah
Dendrobium cymbicallum P.O’Byrne & J.J.Wood 2007 Sipitang District
Dendrobium deflexilobum Wood & Lamb 2008 Crocker Range, Tambunan District
Dendrobium devogelii Wood 2008 Apo Kayan, between Long Ampung and Long Nawan,
Kalimantan
Dendrobium jamirusii Wood & Lamb 2008 Kalabakan area, Pensiangan District, Tawau Division
Dendrobium jiewhoei Wood & Chan 2008 Crocker Range, Tambunan District
Dendrobium lohokii Wood & Lamb 2008 Pensiangan District, Sabah
Dendrobium lumakuense Wood 2008 Mount Lumaku, Sipitang District, Sabah
Dendrobium montis-hosei Wood 2008 Hose Mountains, Kapit District, Sarawak
Dendrobium muluense Wood 2008 Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak
Dendrobium punbatuense Wood 2008 Pun Batu, Pensiangan District, Sabah
 Species Scientist(s) Year Location
Dendrobium roseocalca Wood 2008 Crocker Range
Dendrobium sabahense Wood 2008 Batu Urun, Kinabatangan District, Sabah
Dendrobium serena-alexianum Wood & Lamb 2008 Foothills of Gunung Kinabalu
Dendrobium strongyloflorum Wood 2008 Kelabit Highland
Dendrobium tetrabrachium Wood 2008 Julau District, Sarawak
Dendrobium toppiorum Lamb & Wood 2008 Sipitang District, Sabah
Fissistigma brevistipitatum Turner 2009 Sungai Millian, Nabawan District, Interior Division, Sabah
Fissistigma bygravei Turner 2009 Babagon to Ulu Terian, Penampang District, West Coast
Division
Fissistigma carrii Turner 2009 Gunung Kinabalu
Fissistigma montanum Turner 2009 Pagon Ridge, Brunei
Friesodielsia formosa Turner 2009 Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, headwaters of S. Kahayan
Gardenia chanii Low 2007 Badas Forest Reserve, Belait District
Goniothalamus kamarudinii Turner & Saunders 2009 Gunung Kinabalu
Goniothalamus megalocalyx Turner & Saunders 2009 Extreme headwaters of Balleh River, western slope of Bukit
Tibang, Kapit District
10 Goniothalamus phaeotrichus Turner & Saunders 2009 Sungai Iban, Belaga District, Kapit Division
Homalomena ardua Boyce & Wong 2008 Mulu National Park, Sarawak
Homalomena striatieopetiolata Boyce & Wong 2008 Mulu National Park, Sarawak
Jejewoodia crockerensis Wood & Lamb 2008 Crocker Range
Liparis trifoliata Wood & Ormerod 2008 Gunung Kinabalu
Malleola honhoffii Schuit. & Vogel 2007 Kelabit Highlands
Mallotus connatus Aparicio 2007 Sintang, Kalimantan
Mycaranthes depauperata Wood 2008 Sipitang District, Sabah
Plagiostachys brevicalcarata Julius & Takano 2007 Ulu Kimanis, Crocker Range Park, Papar District
Plagiostachys longicaudata Julius & Takano 2007 Lahad Datu District, Danum Valley Conservation Area
Plagiostachys megacarpa Julius & Takano 2007 Ulu Kimanis, Crocker Range Park, Papar District
Plagiostachys roseiflora Julius & Takano 2007 Danum Valley Conservation Area, Lahad Datu District
Plagiostachys viridisepala Julius & Takano 2007 Kinabalu Park-Sayap, Kota Belud District
Polyalthia beamaniorum Turner 2008 Crocker Range, Keningau District
Polyalthia charitopoda Turner 2008 Bukit Telingan, Labi
Polyalthia miliusoides Turner 2008 Keningau District
Sarcoglyphis masiusii Miadin, A.L.Lamb & Emoi 2008 Tawau District, Sabah
Syzygium flagrimonte Ashton 2009 Gunung Api, Mulu National Park
Syzygium praestantilimbum Ashton 2009 Labi, Brunei
Syzygium tubiflorum Ashton 2009 Maliau Basin, Sabah
Thrixspermum erythrolomum O’Byrne & Verm. 2008 Tambunan District, Gunung Trus Madi, Sabah
Trichoglottis sitihasmahae Wood & Lamb 2008 Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah
Wendlandia tombuyukonensis Suzana, Pereira & Sugau 2008 Gunung Kinabalu Park, Ranau District, Sabah, Malaysia

Subtotal 67

Total 123
References
1
Hennemann, F.H.; Conle, O.V. (2008) Revision of Oriental Phasmatodea:
The tribe Pharnaciini Günther, 1953, including the description of the world's
longest insect, and a survey of the family Phasmatidae Gray, 1835 with keys
to the subfamilies and tribes (Phasmatodea: "Anareolatae": Phasmatidae).
Zootaxa, 1906: 1-316.
2
Top 10 New Species - 2009, International Institute for Species Exploration
at Arizona State University.
3
Vogel, G. & van Rooijen, J. (2007) A new species of Dendrelaphis
(Serpentes: Colubridae) from Southeast Asia. Zootaxa 1394: 25–45 (2007).
4
Per. comm. Gernot Vogel, Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology,
Heidelberg, Germany. 17 December 2009.
5
P.O'Byrne & J.J. Vermeulen (2008) Orchidaceae Thrixspermum
erythrolomum. Malesian Orchid J. 2: 56 (-58; figs. 1-2). 2008 [15 Aug
2008].
6
Dehling, M. (2008) A new treefrog (Anura: Rhacophoridae: Rhacophorus) 11
from Gunung Mulu, Borneo. Salamandra 44(4): 193–205.
7
Tan, H.H. and M. Kottelat (2008) Revision of the cyprinid fish genus
Eirmotus, with description of three new species from Sumatra and Borneo.
Raffles Bull. Zool. 56(2):423-433.
8
Edwards, David P.; Webster, Richard E.; & Rowlett, Rose Ann (2009).
“‘Spectacled Flowerpecker’: a species new to science discovered in
Borneo?”. BirdingASIA 12: 38–41.
9
Dehling, M., Grafe, U. (2008) A new treefrog of the genus Rhacophorus
(Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Brunei Darussalam (Borneo). Salamandra 44:
101–112.
10
Schilthuizen M., Liew T. S. (2008) The slugs and semislugs of Sabah,
Malaysian Borneo (Gastropoda, Pulmonata: Veronicellidae, Rathouisiidae,
Ariophantidae, Limacidae, Philomycidae). Basteria, 2008, vol. 72, no4-6, pp.
287-306 [20 page(s) (article)]. Netherlands Malacological Society, Leiden.
11
Per. comm. Prof. Dr. Menno Schilthuizen, National Museum of Natural
History 'Naturalis', Leiden, The Netherlands, 3 March 2009.
12
van Rooijen, J. & Vogel, G. (2008) Contributions to a review of the
Dendrelaphis pictus complex (Serpentes: Colubridae) - 1. Description of a
sympatric species. Amphibia-Reptilia, Volume 29, Number 1, 2008, pp.
101-115(15).
13
Daisy Wowor and John W Short (2007) Two new freshwater prawns of
the genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
from the Kelian River, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Raffles Bulletin of
Zoology 2007 55(1): 77-87.
14
Per. comm. Dr Daisy Wowor, Division of Zoology, Research Center for
Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor, Indonesia,
5 January 2010.
15
Andrea Lucky & Eli M. Sarnat (2008) New species of Lordomyrma
Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Southeast Asia and Fiji. Zootaxa
1681: 37–46 (2008).
16
Indraneil Das & Christopher C. Austin (2007) New Species of Lipinia
(Squamata: Scincidae) from Borneo, Revealed by Molecular and
Morphological Data. Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 61–71,
2007.
17
Bickford, Iskandar & Barlian (2008) A lungless frog discovered on
Borneo. Current Biology 18 (9): R374–R375.
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