Catalog of Terrestrial Isopods

1
World catalog of terrestrial isopods

(Isopoda: Oniscidea)
HELMUT SCHMALFUSS
Revised and updated version of the following hard-copy publication:
SCHMALFUSS, H. (2003): World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). –

Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A, Nr. 654: 341 pp.
All changes and additions to the printed version are marked by blue colour.
The references are found in the second file containing the revised and updated
bibliography which was published as hard-copy:
SCHMALFUSS, H. & WOLF-SCHWENNINGER, K. (2002): A bibliography of terrestrial isopods

(Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). – Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A, Nr.
639: 120 pp.
Abstract
All nominal species of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda, Oniscidea) described by the year 2004 are
listed. For every valid species a complete bibliography is given. Valid genera, species and
synonyms are arranged strictly alphabetically, regardless of the systematic position. 3637 species
of terrestrial isopods were known by the year 2004. – New synonyms: Armadillidium insulanum
kigatense Verhoeff, 1943 n. syn. = A. granulatum Brandt, 1833; Armadillidium armeniensis
Vandel, 1980 n. syn. = A. vulgare Latreille, 1804; Armadillidium variegatum Brandt, 1833 n. syn.
= A. vulgare Latreille, 1804; Eluma purpurascens Budde-Lund, 1885 n. syn. = E. caelatum
(Miers, 1877). – New name: Trichorhina mulaiki nomen novum = T. squamata (Verhoeff, 1933)
(nomen praeocc.).
K e y w o r d s : Isopoda, Oniscidea, world catalog, bibliography.
1 Introduction
A first treatise covering all known species of terrestrial isopods was published by
BUDDE-LUND in 1885. It contains descriptions of and/or references to 385 species. 3637
valid species have been described by the year 2004, around nine times as many as 120
years before.
Recent surveys (after 1950) on a continental scale were made by SCHMÖLZER 1965b
(Europe and adjacent Mediterranean regions), VANDEL 1973c (Australia), FERRARA &
TAITI 1979 (Afrotropical region), LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (the Americas) and GREEN et
alii 2002 (Australia).
The present publication is an attempt to give a survey of all nominal species
described until the year 2004, including all valid names and all those presently
considered as synonyms. The family arrangement inside the Crinocheta follows SCHMIDT
(2002, 2003). Conceivably, no descriptions can be included, but efforts have been
undertaken to give complete bibliographies for all valid species. However, these
bibliographies do not consider papers where the species is only cited, or which contain
only information that has been published before, and those giving doubtful records or
single records of a species inside its known distribution area or of species that have
become wide-spread by human activities. Comprehensive publications treating a
systematic group, or check-lists on a national or supra-national scale after 1950 are,
however, included in the bibliographies. For a number of European species which have
2
been extensively investigated beyond systematics and zoogeography the bibliographies

are subdivided according to biological fields (see under Armadillidium vulgare, which
is the most extensively investigated species of terrestrial isopods).
The genera and species are arranged strictly alphabetically, regardless of their
systematic position. This has been done because the systematics on the family level is
by no means satisfactory, there is enough evidence that many families will prove
paraphyletic or polyphyletic. On the other hand the groups above the family level seem
to be clarified, even if the phylogenetic relations of the basic taxa are still debated. Five
groups are generally recognized: Diplocheta (Ligiidae), Tylida (Tylidae), Microcheta
(Mesoniscidae), Synocheta (5 families) and Crinocheta (26 families) (ERHARD 1998b).
Molecular studies (MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000) seem to need some more
sophistication before they can help to enlighten the phylogenetic relationships inside the
Oniscidea, since their results contradict all other evidence and are partly very peculiar
(e. g. Eurydice of the suborder Flabellifera being the closest relative of Ligidium).
A complete bibliography of the Oniscidea has been published earlier in the present
journal (SCHMALFUSS & WOLF-SCHWENNINGER 2002) and has to be used as reference list.
Abbreviations
Anat. anatomy
Behav. behaviour
BIBL. bibliography
Bibl. publications with comprehensive bibliographies or supplementary
publications
Biochem. biochemistry
Cytol. cytology
Descr. description(s)
DISTR. distribution
Distr. regionally summarized distributional records
Ecol. ecology
Figs. figures illustrating morphological characters
Genet. genetics
Hist. histology
Mol. biol. molecular biology
Morph. functional morphology
Nutr. nutrition
Ontog. ontogeny
Orig. descr. original description
Phyl. phylogenetics
Physiol. physiology
Pop. dyn. population dynamics
Reprod. reproduction
Respir. respiration
Sex det. sex determination
SYN. synonymy
Syst. systematics
Ultrastr. ultrastructure
In the distributional references the international code letters are usually used for European
countries.
Acknowledgements
This catalog was produced during the past twenty years as a hand-written card index file. It
was Dr. STEFANO TAITI (Florence) who urged and finally convinced me to publish this index in the
present shape as a world catalog. To him and to Dr. FRANCO FERRARA (Florence) I owe a lot of
information on difficult taxonomic questions. Dr. H.-P. TSCHORSNIG, the editor of the present
journal, invested considerable time and energy to detect citation errors or inaccuracies. My
daughter JULIA SCHMALFUSS was a great help in producing the typescript. I am very grateful for all
this help and encouragement.
2 List of genera and species
Valid taxa are printed in bold type.

A species name is considered a nomen dubium if its type material is lost and its
description does not allow a specific identification.
3
The genus in quotation marks indicates that the species certainly does not belong to
the genus in its present definition.
Synonyms are arranged alphabetically according to genera, and behind the genera
according to species.
Taxa presently considered as subgenera and subspecies are not included.
In contrast to the printed version I have indicated those publications that contain
illustrations by the supplement "(figs.)". Usually only the publication with the best and
most complete illustrations is indicated. In case of several publications indicated by
"(figs.)" different characters are illustrated in the different papers. One exclamation
mark distinguishes publications with high quality illustrations of all characters that
enable an identification of the species, two exclamation marks indicate high quality
illustrations of most skeletal structures.
A b e b a i o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Crinocheta: family Philosciidae
Abebaioscia troglodytes Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – South Australia.
A c a e r o p l a s t e s Verhoeff, 1918
Crinocheta: family Porcellionidae
Acaeroplastes amicitiae Pollo Zorita & Dalens, 1982
BIBL. – POLLO ZORITA & DALENS 1982 (figs.); POLLO ZORITA 1986a.
DISTR. – Spain: Cuenca.
Acaeroplastes areolatus Verhoeff, 1918 = A. melanurus (see VANDEL 1962b: 627)
Acaeroplastes argentarius Verhoeff, 1931 = A. melanurus (see TAITI & FERRARA 1980b)
Acaeroplastes decioi (Arcangeli, 1924) = A. melanurus
Acaeroplastes delattini Verhoeff, 1951
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1951a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Lazio.
REMARKS. – Possibly conspecific with A. melanurus.
Acaeroplastes ischianus Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g (figs.), 1944, 1951a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: island Ischia.
REMARKS. – Possibly conspecific with A. melanurus.
Acaeroplastes kosswigi Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a (figs.), 1951a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.);
SCHMALFUSS 1990b (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-Turkey; Azerbaijan.
Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – A. areolatus, argentarius, decioi, sardous, Metoponorthus barroisi, m., Porcellio m.,
Porcellionides decioi, m., sardous
Orig. descr.: BUDDE-LUND 1885 (Metoponorthus m.).
Descr.: VANDEL 1962b.
Figs.: VERHOEFF 1931b; VANDEL 1962b; TAITI & FERRARA 1996.
Syst.: VANDEL 1962b; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b; JEPPESEN 2000.
Cuticle: LAGARRIGUE 1968.
Ecol.: LAGARRIGUE 1965.
Distr.: VANDEL 1962b (F); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); VANDEL 1968a (Azores); CARUSO et
alii 1987 (Sicily, Malta, map); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c (I); ARGANO et alii 1995 (I); CARUSO
& LOMBARDO 1995 (islands SE Sicily); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996 (Balearic Islands); TAITI &
FERRARA 1996 (Corsica).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1962b.
DISTR. – ?Ireland; Azores; Spain; France; coastal Algeria; Italy; Croatia.
Acaeroplastes pellegrinensis Verhoeff, 1918
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.), 1933b, 1951a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967;
VANDEL 1969c.
DISTR. – Sicily.
REMARKS. – Conspecifity with A. melanurus must be suspected (see CARUSO et alii 1987).
Acaeroplastes romanus Schmölzer, 1953
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1953b (figs.), 1965b.
DISTR. – Central Italy.
REMARKS. – Very probably a synonym of Orthometopon dalmatinum (see SCHMALFUSS
1993).
Acaeroplastes sardous Verhoeff, 1918 = A. melanurus
4
Acaeroplastes syriacus Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967

BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1951a (nomen nudum); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Gaziantep.
A c a n t h o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Crinocheta: family Armadillidae
Acanthodillo agasketos Lewis, 1998
BIBL. – LEWIS 1998a (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia.
Acanthodillo barringtonensis Lewis, 1998
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales.
Acanthodillo brevicornis (Budde-Lund, 1913)
SYN. – Armadillo b.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002 (p. 302).
Acanthodillo commensalis (Baker, 1913)
SYN. – Cubaris c.
BIBL. – BAKER 1913 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
Acanthodillo erinaceus Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.); JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1973c.
DISTR. – New Caledonia.
Acanthodillo formicarum Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1977b; GREEN et alii 2002.
Acanthodillo kioloa Lewis, 1998
Acanthodillo minutus (Baker, 1913)
SYN. – Cubaris m.
Acanthodillo spinosus (Dana, 1853)
SYN. – Armadillo s., Cubaris s., Spherillo s.
BIBL. – DANA 1853 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; CHILTON 1901, 1910a; JACKSON 1941;
VANDEL 1973c, 1977a.
DISTR. – New Zealand.
Acanthodillo tuberosus (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Spherillo t.
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: Queensland.
A c a n t h o n i s c u s Kinahan, 1859
Crinocheta: family ?Delatorreidae
Acanthoniscus spiniger Kinahan, 1859
BIBL. – KINAHAN 1859 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1910; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905, 1909c (figs.);
ARCANGELI 1927c; VAN NAME 1936 (figs.).
DISTR. – Jamaica.
A c t a e c i a Dana, 1853
Crinocheta: family Scyphacidae
Actaecia aucklandiae Thomson, 1879 = Deto a. (see JACKSON 1941)
Actaecia bipleura Lewis & Green, 1994
BIBL. – GREEN 1961 (sub A. pallida) (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1989f (sub A. pallida) (figs.); ERHARD
1995a (sub A. pallida) (figs.); LEWIS & GREEN 1994 (figs.); LEWIS 1998b; MICHEL-SALZAT &
BOUCHON 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales; Victoria; Tasmania; Lord Howe Island.
Actaecia cyphotelson Lewis & Green, 1994
BIBL. – LEWIS & GREEN 1994 (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales; Victoria; Tasmania.
Actaecia euchroa Dana, 1853
SYN. – Cylloma oculatum
BIBL. – DANA 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885; THOMSON 1892 (figs.); CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a;
JACKSON 1928a (figs.), 1941; HURLEY 1950 (figs.), 1961; non GREEN 1961 (= A. thomsoni);
VANDEL 1964a (figs.), 1977a; GREEN 1966; LEWIS & GREEN 1994; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001
(figs.); SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.!!).
5
DISTR. – New Zealand: North and South Island.

Actaecia formida Lewis & Green, 1994
Actaecia nasuta Lewis & Green, 1994
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales; Victoria.
Actaecia opihensis Chilton, 1901
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950 (figs.); VANDEL 1964a,
1977a; LEWIS & GREEN 1994.
DISTR. – New Zealand: South Island.
Actaecia pallida Nicholls & Barnes, 1926
BIBL. – NICHOLLS & BARNES 1926 (figs.); non GREEN 1961, 1966, 1974 (= A. bipleura); non
SCHMALFUSS 1989(figs.) (= A. bipleura); LEWIS & GREEN 1994 (figs.); non ERHARD 1995a (=
A. bipleura); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia; South Australia; Victoria; New South Wales.
Actaecia thomsoni Green, 1966
BIBL. – GREEN 1961 (sub A. euchroa) (figs.), 1966, 1974; LEWIS & GREEN 1994 (figs.).
DISTR. – South Australia; Victoria; New South Wales; Tasmania.
A c t e o n i s c u s Vandel, 1955
Synocheta: family Trichoniscidae
Acteoniscus petrochilosi Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955a (figs.), 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – Greece: SE Athens.
Actoniscus ellipticus Harger, 1878 = Armadilloniscus e.

Actoniscus lindahli Richardson, 1905 = Armadilloniscus l.
Actoniscus tuberculatus Holmes & Gay, 1909 = Armadilloniscus holmesi
A c y p h o n i s c u s Frankenberger, 1941
Acyphoniscus nabeleki Frankenberger, 1941
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Bulgaria: Sozopol.
A d e l o s c i a Vandel, 1977
Adeloscia dawsoni Vandel, 1977
BIBL. – VANDEL 1977a (figs.); LEISTIKOW 1998a.
DISTR. – New Zealand: North Island.
A d i n d a Budde-Lund, 1904
Crinocheta: family Scleropactidae
Adinda calegarii (Arcangeli, 1927) = A. weberi (see FERRARA et alii 1995)
Adinda carli Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
BIBL. – FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern India.
Adinda conglobator (Budde-Lund, 1902)
SYN. – Toradjia c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1902; ARCANGELI 1948g; FERRARA et alii 1995; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Malaysia: Kelantan (not Java, as indicated by ARCANGELI).
REMARKS. – No figs. existing, identity unclear.
Adinda dollfusi (Richardson, 1922)
SYN. – Toradjia d.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1922b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1954b; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Java.
Adinda gigas (Collinge, 1915)
SYN. – Paraperiscyphis g., Periscyphis g.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1915c (figs.), 1916b; ARCANGELI 1948g, 1954b; FERRARA et alii 1995.
DISTR. – India: Kerala State.
Adinda lamellata Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Borneo; Philippines: Palawan Island.
Adinda lobata Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
6
DISTR. – Southern India: Anamalai Hills.

Adinda malaccensis Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Malaysia: Malay Peninsula.
Adinda nilgiriensis Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Southern India: Nilgiri Hills.
Adinda palniensis Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Southern India: Palni Hills.
Adinda platyperaeon (Schultz, 1982)
SYN. – Paraperiscyphis p.
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1982a; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.) .
DISTR. – Borneo: Sarawak.
Adinda pulchra (Collinge, 1916)
SYN. – Paraperiscyphis p.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1916b; ARCANGELI 1948g, 1954b; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sri Lanka.
Adinda riedeli Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
Adinda scabra (Collinge, 1916)
SYN. – Paraperiscyphis s.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1916b; ARCANGELI 1948g, 1954b; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA et alii (1995) the specimens mentioned by JACKSON 1936
as Adinda scabra from Borneo belong to a different species.
Adinda stebbingi (Collinge, 1914)
SYN. – Paraperiscyphis s.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1914c, 1916b; ARCANGELI 1948g, 1954b; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
Adinda sumatrana Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Sumatra.
Adinda travancorensis (Stebbing, 1911)
SYN. – Paraperiscyphis t.
BIBL. – STEBBING 1911; ARCANGELI 1948g, 1954b; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
Adinda triangulifera Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Southern India: Anamalai Hills.
Adinda weberi (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – A. caligarii, Paraperiscyphis caligarii, Periscyphus [sic] w., Toradjia w.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; BUDDE-LUND 1902, 1904; ARCANGELI 1927a, 1948g, 1954b; JACKSON
1936; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sumatra. According to FERRARA et alii (1995) the record from Malaysia (Perak)
(JACKSON 1936) is doubtful.
A d o n i s c u s Vandel, 1955
Crinocheta: family Olibrinidae
Adoniscus fluviatilis Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – Yemen: Socotra Island.
Adoniscus insularis Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992
BIBL. – TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: Togian Islands (Sulawesi).
Adoniscus velox Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955f (figs.) ; SCHMALFUSS 1986d; TAITI et alii 1992.
DISTR. – Lebanon: near Tripoli.
A e g o n e t h e s Frankenberger, 1938
Aegonethes antilocapra Frankenberger, 1938
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1938c (figs.); FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL 1940d;
BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Croatia: islands Korčula and Vis.
Aegonethes cervinus (Verhoeff, 1931)
7
SYN. – Illyrionethes c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931d (figs.), 1932a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1938c (figs.); STROUHAL 1938a,
1939g, 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; ARCANGELI 1947a, 1952h; VANDEL 1947c;
BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; TABACARU
1996a.
DISTR. – Italy: Gargano; Croatia: Dubrovnik and islands Korčula and Mljet.
A e t h i o p o d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Aethiopodillo grisea Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Tanzania.
Aethiopodillo sulcata Verhoeff, 1942
DISTR. – Mozambique.
A e t h i o p o p a c t e s Ferrara & Taiti, 1982

Crinocheta: family Eubelidae
Aethiopopactes chenzemae Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982e (figs.), 1985c.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Uluguru Mountains and Mount Kilimanjaro.
Aethiopopactes fasciatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985c (figs.).
DISTR. – Angola.
Aethiopopactes griseus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982e (figs.), 1985c.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Uluguru Mountains.
Aethiopopactes longistilus Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985c; TAITI & FERRARA 1987 (figs.).
DISTR. – Malawi.
Aethiopopactes marmoratus Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985c.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Usambara.
REMARKS. – No figs. existing. Generic ascription doubtful, could belong to Oropactes (see
FERRARA & TAITI 1985c).
Aethiopopactes nigricornis Verhoeff, 1942
SYN. – A. pallidus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1982b (figs.), 1985c; FERRARA et alii
1991; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Mozambique.
Aethiopopactes pallidus Verhoeff, 1942 = A. nigricornis (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1985c)
Aethiopopactes somalicus Taiti & Ferrara, 1985
BIBL. – MESSANA et alii 1985; TAITI & FERRARA 1985 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Aethiopopactes trilineatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985c (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Genus Afrophiloscia = Genus Anchiphiloscia (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1986b)
A g a b i f o r m i u s Verhoeff, 1908
Agabiformius aharonii Verhoeff, 1917 = A. obtusus (compare STROUHAL 1965)
Agabiformius corcyraeus Verhoeff, 1908 = A. lentus
Agabiformius excavatus Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Antalya.
REMARKS. – Very probably identical with A. lentus.
Agabiformius hirtus (Aubert & Dollfus, 1890) = A. lentus (compare VANDEL 1969c)
Agabiformius lentus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – A. corcyraeus, hirtus, pseudopullus, Angara hirta, l., Leptotrichus chobihige,
granulatus, Lucasius hirtus, Lyprobius l., Metoponorthus hidalguensis, Porcellio gertschi,
hirtus, l., pseudopullus, pulchellus, vestitus, Porcellionides davisi, hidalguensis
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1908e, 1908f (figs.); STROUHAL 1936a, 1936c (figs.),
1937g (figs.), 1968c (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b;
LEMOS DE CASTRO 1971 (figs.); STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 2000a; SCHULTZ 1984a; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995;
8
LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; PONS et alii 1999; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002; LYMBERAKIS
et alii 2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Inhabitant of the Mediterranean coasts, by human activities introduced to many
other parts of the world.
Agabiformius manacori (Racovitza, 1907)
SYN. – Porcellio m.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Balearic Islands: Mallorca.
REMARKS. – Ascription to genus Agabiformius questionable.
Agabiformius modestus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Lyprobius m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Northern Argentina: Corrientes.
Agabiformius obtusus (Budde-Lund, 1909)
SYN. – A. aharonii, Angara aharonii, o., Porcellio o., vesiculosus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909b (figs.); VERHOEFF 1917a (figs.); BRIAN 1930; ARCANGELI 1934d;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; STROUHAL 1965a (figs.), 1968c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b; CARUSO et alii 1987; TAITI & FERRARA
1989c, 1991c; CRUZ 1994 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1995; GARCIA
& CRUZ 1996; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999; JEPPESEN 2000;
SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Holomediterranean, also Sudan and Kuwait.
Agabiformius orientalis (Dollfus, 1905)
SYN. – Lucasius o., Metoponorthus o.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1905; VERHOEFF 1907b; RICHARDSON 1926; ARCANGELI 1936a (figs.); VANDEL
1955f (figs.), 1965a; STROUHAL 1968c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1998c; WARBURG & HORNUNG
1999.
DISTR. – Cyprus; Lebanon; western Syria; Israel. The record of “Lucasius” orientalis by
ARCANGELI (1914a) from the Greek island Ródos was a misidentification of Nagurus
rhodiensis.
Agabiformius pseudopullus (Verhoeff, 1901) = A. lentus
Agabiformius pulchellus (Dollfus, 1892) = A. lentus
REMARKS. – This synonymy was established by a reexamination of the type specimen,
while the name was wrongly used for A. obtusus or Proporcellio vulcanius.
Agabiformius pusillus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Lyprobius p.
DISTR. – USA: California.
Agabiformius spatula (Dollfus, 1905)
SYN. – Porcellio s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1905 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1936a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965a;
STROUHAL 1968c (figs.); SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS 1999.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean islands Lésvos, Léros and Náxos; Cyprus.
A g n a r a Budde-Lund, 1908
Crinocheta: family Agnaridae
Agnara awaensis Nunomura, 1999 = A. pannuosa (compare KWON 1995)
Agnara carinata (Collinge, 1915)
SYN. – Hemiporcellio c.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1915c; CHILTON 1916a, 1923; FERRARA & ARGANO 1989.
DISTR. – SE-India: Madras region, Lake Chilka.
Agnara delvecchioi (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Porcellio d., Lucasius d., Nagara d.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e, 1963; JEON & KWON 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Agnara ferrarai Jeon & Kwon, 1995
BIBL. – JEON & KWON 1995 (figs.); SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.); SCHMIDT 2002, 2003
(figs.!!).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Agnara fragilis Budde-Lund, 1908
SYN. – Porcellio f.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); FERRARA & ARGANO 1989 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
Agnara gallagheri (Ferrara & Taiti, 1988)
SYN. – Protracheoniscus g.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1988 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1991c; TAITI et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Oman.
Agnara gotoensis (Nunomura, 1991) = A. pannuosa (compare KWON 1995)
9
Agnara hispida (Collinge, 1915)

SYN. – Hemiporcellio h.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1915c.
DISTR. – SE-India: Madras region.
Agnara immsi (Collinge, 1914)
SYN. – Hemiporcellio i., Porcellio i.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1914b (figs.); FERRARA & ARGANO 1989.
DISTR. – NE-India: Allahabad.
Agnara izuharaensis (Nunomura, 1991) = A. pannuosa (compare KWON 1995)
Agnara lurida (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus l.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987 (figs.), 1999a; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Ishikawa Prefecture.
Agnara madagascariensis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus m., Protracheoniscus inexpectatus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1908 (figs.), 1912b; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); FERRARA
& TAITI 1979, 1986c (figs.), 1996a; TAITI & FERRARA 1991a, 1991c; 2004; KWON & TAITI
1993; JEON & KWON 1995; JEPPESEN 2000; TAITI et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Guinea Bissau; Senegal; Madagascar; Arabian Peninsula; southern China.
Agnara nishikawai (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus n.
DISTR. – Japan.
Agnara pannuosa (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – A. awaensis, gotoensis, izuharaensis, Nagurus gotoensis, izuharaensis,
Protracheoniscus awaensis, p.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987, 1991a, 1999a; KWON 1995 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Korea; Japan.
Agnara ryukyuenis Nunomura, 2003
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2003a.
DISTR. – Japan: Okinawa Prefecture.
Agnara strzelecki (Chilton, 1917)
SYN. – Hemiporcellio s.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1917a; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: “interior, Strzelecki Creek”.
Agnara taprobanica Ferrara & Argano, 1989
BIBL. – FERRARA & ARGANO 1989 (figs.).
Agnara zhangi Nunomura & Xie, 2000
BIBL. – NUNOMURA & XIE 2000.
DISTR. – SW-China: Yunnan.
A k e r m a n i a Collinge, 1919
Akermania besucheti Argano & Manicastri, 1979
BIBL. – ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1979 (figs.).
Akermania coronata Barnard, 1949
BIBL. – BARNARD 1949 (figs.), 1960b; LAWRENCE 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Transvaal.
Akermania hystrix Barnard, 1958 = Pseudolaureola h.
Akermania longispina Barnard, 1956 = Laureola l.
Akermania miacantha Barnard, 1960 = Laureola m.
Akermania paucispinosa Barnard, 1949 = Laureola p.
Akermania spinosa Collinge, 1919
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1919 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1949, 1960b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Natal.
Akermania sylvatica Barnard, 1958
BIBL. – BARNARD 1958 (figs.), 1960b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Madagascar: Ankaratra Mountains.
A l b e r t o s p h a e r a Caruso & Lombardo, 1983

Crinocheta: family Sphaeroniscidae
Albertosphaera algerina Caruso & Lombardo, 1983
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1983 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Algeria.
10
A l b o s c i a Schultz, 1995
Alboscia elongata Schultz, 1995
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1995a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Paraguay: province Concepción.
Alboscia ornata Araujo, 1999
BIBL. – ARAUJO 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul.
Alboscia silveirensis Araujo, 1999
BIBL. – ARAUJO 1999 (figs.).
A l i s t r a t i a Andreev, 2004
Alistratia beroni Andreev, 2004
BIBL. – ANDREEV 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Greece.
A l l o n i s c u s Dana, 1854
Crinocheta: family Alloniscidae
Alloniscus albus Dollfus, 1898 = Exalloniscus a.
Alloniscus allspachi Nunomura, 2001
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2001b.
DISTR. – Micronesia: Saipan Island.
Alloniscus alluaudi Dollfus, 1895 = Diacara a.
Alloniscus ambiguus Budde-Lund, 1893 = Calycuoniscus a.
Alloniscus argentinus (Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939) = Balloniscus sellowii
Alloniscus balssi (Verhoeff, 1928)
SYN. – A. tsushimaensis, Japanoniscus b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1960a (figs.); NUNOMURA 1984, 1998, 1999a,
1999b, 2003d, 2004a, 2004b; KWON 1993 (figs.), 1995; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan and Korea.
Alloniscus boninensis Nunomura, 1984
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1984 (figs.) ; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Bonin Islands.
Alloniscus borellii Dollfus, 1897 = Plataoniscus b.
Alloniscus brevis Budde-Lund, 1885 = A. oahuensis (compare JACKSON 1933)
Alloniscus coecus Dollfus, 1898 = Exalloniscus c.
Alloniscus compar Budde-Lund, 1893 = Calycuoniscus c. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1986b)
REMARKS. – Alloniscus compar mentioned by VANDEL 1952d and 1977c and by ARCANGELI
1958b is Littorophiloscia tropicalis (see TAITI & FERRARA 1986b).
Alloniscus cornutus Budde-Lund, 1885 = A. mirabilis (compare SCHULTZ 1984c)
Alloniscus culebrae (Moore, 1901) = Littorophiloscia c. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1986b)
Alloniscus elegans Dollfus, 1895 = Diacara e.
Alloniscus floresianus Dollfus, 1898 = A. oahuensis (compare SCHULTZ 1984c)
Alloniscus gerardi Arcangeli, 1960
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1960a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Daressalam.
Alloniscus griseus Dollfus, 1897 = Plataoniscus g. (compare LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999).
Alloniscus guttatus Dollfus, 1895 = Diacara g.
Alloniscus maculatus Nunomura, 1984
DISTR. – Japan: Okinawa Prefecture, Yonakuni Island.
Alloniscus maldivensis Borradaile, 1901 = nomen dubium (compare BUDDE-LUND 1913b: 370;
ARCANGELI 1960a: 66). Maybe it corresponds to A. nicobaricus (see FERRARA & TAITI 1985e).
Alloniscus marinus Collinge, 1920
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1920 (figs.); BARNARD 1932, 1937, 1958; ARCANGELI 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI
1979; TAITI & HARDING 1985.
DISTR. – South Africa.
Alloniscus mirabilis (Stuxberg, 1875)
SYN. – A. cornutus, Rhinoryctes m.
BIBL. – STUXBERG 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1899, 1905; VAN NAME 1936, 1940;
ARCANGELI 1960a (figs.); SCHULTZ 1984c (figs.); GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; GARTHWAITE &
LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – USA: California, Pacific Grove to Mexico: Baja California, Magdalena Bay.
Alloniscus nacreus Collinge, 1922
11
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1922b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985e (figs.).
DISTR. – Madagascar.
Alloniscus nicobaricus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1908, 1912a; CHILTON 1916a (as A. pigmentatus non Budde-Lund);
ARCANGELI 1960a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; FERRARA & TAITI 1982(figs.) (figs., as A.
pigmentatus non Budde-Lund), 1985e; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Nicobar Islands; Maldive Islands; eastern India; Andaman Islands.
Alloniscus oahuensis Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. brevis, floresianus, ovatus, Anomaloniscus ovatus, seychellarum
Orig. descr.: BUDDE-LUND 1885.
Descr., figs.: BUDDE-LUND 1908; JACKSON 1927a; VERHOEFF 1946; ARCANGELI 1960a; FERRARA &
TAITI 1983b; SCHULTZ 1984c.
Syst.: JACKSON 1933; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983b; SCHULTZ 1984c; GREEN et alii 1990; TAITI et
alii 1992; JEPPESEN 2000.
Morph.: LEWIS 1991b.
Physiol.: GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998.
Cuticle: HOLDICH 1984.
Nutr., heavy metal: PROSI et alii 1983; STORCH 1984.
Distr.: JACKSON 1933, 1938, 1941; VANDEL 1970c, 1973b, 1973c; FERRARA & TAITI 1983b;
SCHULTZ 1984c; DALENS 1988; GREEN et alii 1990, 2002; TAITI & FERRARA 1991b; TAITI et
alii 1992; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996.
Bibl.: TAITI et alii 1992; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996.
DISTR. – Littoral biotopes on the tropical coasts of the Indian and Pacific Ocean.
Alloniscus ovatus (Dollfus, 1893) = A. oahuensis (compare TAITI et alii 1992)
Alloniscus pallidulus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1912a, 1912b; BARNARD 1958; ARCANGELI 1960a; VANDEL 1973b,
1973c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; GREEN et alii 1990 (figs.); LEWIS 1991b; TAITI et alii 1992;
JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002; SCHMIDT 2002, 2003
(figs.!!).
DISTR. – Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia.
Alloniscus papillosus Budde-Lund, 1893 = Trichorhina p. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1908: 294)
Alloniscus pardii Arcangeli, 1960
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1960a (figs.).
DISTR. – “Indocina”.
Alloniscus perconvexus Dana, 1854
BIBL. – DANA 1854; STUXBERG 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1908 (figs.); RICHARDSON 1899, 1905;
ARCANGELI 1932i, 1960a; VAN NAME 1936, 1940; MILLER 1938; MULAIK & MULAIK 1942;
HATCH 1947; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1965 (figs.) ; BRUSCA, G. 1966; NUNOMURA 1981; SCHULTZ
1984c (figs.); TAKEDA 1984; GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992;
LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – From Laguna Beach in California to the southern shore of Vancouver Island, one
doubtful record from Japan (Sado Island, NUNOMURA 1981; not mentioned in a revision of
the Japanese species of Alloniscus, NUNOMURA 1984).
Alloniscus pigmentatus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1908, 1912b; DOLLFUS 1895a; CHILTON 1923; BARNARD 1960a;
ROMAN 1970; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985e (figs.), 1998; KWON & TAITI 1993; JEPPESEN
2000; SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Safe records from Madagascar, Aldabra Island, Chagos, Comoro, Mozambique and
southern China.
Alloniscus priolensis Arcangeli, 1960
DISTR. – Island Priole off the east coast of Sumatra.
Alloniscus quisquiliarum Budde-Lund, 1893 = Trichorhina q.
Alloniscus robustus Ferrara, 1974
BIBL. – FERRARA 1974a (figs.); CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Somalia: Sar Uanle.
Alloniscus ryukyuensis Nunomura, 1984
DISTR. – Japan: Ryukyu Islands.
Alloniscus saipanensis Nunomura, 2001
Alloniscus salinarum Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Ecuador: coast of Pacific Ocean, province of Guayas.
Alloniscus schaedleri Arcangeli, 1960
DISTR. – Indonesia: small island northeast of Timor.
Alloniscus silvestrii Arcangeli, 1960
12

DISTR. – Taiwan.
“Alloniscus” simplex Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Kenya: Mount Kenya and Aberdare Mountains.
REMARKS. – The ascription to the genus Alloniscus will certainly prove incorrect,
considering that all other species of the genus live in marine littoral biotopes.
Alloniscus spatulifrons (Barnard, 1932) = Marioniscus s.
Alloniscus thalassophilus Rioja, 1964
BIBL. – RIOJA 1964 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1984c; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: Guerrero.
REMARKS. – May be a synonym of A. oahuensis.
Alloniscus tigris Dollfus, 1895 = Diacara t.
Alloniscus tomentosus Budde-Lund, 1893 = Trichorhina t.
Alloniscus tsushimaensis Nunomura, 1984 = A. balssi (compare NUNOMURA 1999a)
A l l o s c h i z i d i u m Verhoeff, 1919
Crinocheta: family Armadillidiidae
Alloschizidium buchnerorum (Verhoeff, 1942)
SYN. – Nesolidium b., Troglarmadillidium b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g (figs.); ARCANGELI 1948d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b,
1996 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
Alloschizidium campanellii Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Corsica.
Alloschizidium cavernicolum Taiti & Ferrara, 1995
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1995b (figs.).
DISTR. – Italy: province Grosseto.
Alloschizidium cottarellii (Argano & Pesce, 1974)
SYN. – Typhloschizidium c.
BIBL. – ARGANO & PESCE 1974 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996
(figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Sardinia and Corsica.
Alloschizidium eeae (Argano & Utzeri, 1973)
SYN. – Typhloschizidium e.
BIBL. – ARGANO & UTZERI 1973 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996;
ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Ponza Island west of Naples.
Alloschizidium igiliense (Ferrara & Taiti, 1978)
SYN. – Typhloschizidium i.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.), 1980b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1995b, 1996;
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscan Archipelago, island Giglio.
Alloschizidium pruvoti (Racovitza, 1907)
SYN. – Armadillidium p.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1933c; ARCANGELI 1948d; VANDEL 1962b (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996.
DISTR. – France: Alpes Maritimes.
REMARKS. – The “forme de Corse” of VANDEL has been described as a different species
(Alloschizidium campanellii Taiti & Ferrara, 1996).
Alloschizidium racovitzai (Vandel, 1954)
SYN. – Armadillidium r.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954e (figs.), 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996.
DISTR. – France: Alpes Maritimes.
Alloschizidium remyi (Vandel, 1944)
SYN. – Paraschizidium r.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1944c (figs.), 1962b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Corsica.
Alloschizidium sardoum (Arcangeli, 1933)
SYN. – Typhloschizidium s.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1933c (figs.), 1948d, 1950a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b;
TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Sardinia.
A l p i o n i s c u s Racovitza, 1908
13
Alpioniscus absoloni (Strouhal, 1939)

SYN. – Illyrionethes a.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939a (figs.), 1939g, 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL
1946a, 1947c; BUTUROVIĆ 1955e, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU
1996a.
DISTR. – Northwestern Hercegovina.
Alpioniscus alzonae (Brian, 1921) = A. fragilis
Alpioniscus balthasari (Frankenberger, 1937)
SYN. – Illyrionethes b.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1937 (figs.), 1938c, 1939b; STROUHAL 1938a (figs.), 1939g (figs.),
1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1947c; BUTUROVIĆ 1955e (figs.), 1958
(figs., map); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; FLASAROVÁ 1967 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a;
ERHARD 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Croatia; Bosnia; Hercegovina.
Alpioniscus boldorii Arcangeli, 1952
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1952a (figs.); BUTUROVIĆ 1954 (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN
1966b.
DISTR. – Albania: province of Durres; Macedonia: near Skopje.
Alpioniscus bosniensis (Frankenberger, 1939)
SYN. – Illyrionethes b.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1939b (figs.); FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL 1940d;
BUTUROVIĆ 1954, 1955e, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Southern Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina.
Alpioniscus caprai (Colosi, 1924) = A. feneriensis
Alpioniscus christiani Potočnik, 1983
BIBL. – POTOČNIK 1983 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Croatia: island Krk.
Alpioniscus dispersus (Racovitza, 1907) = A. feneriensis
Alpioniscus epigani Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959b (figs.), 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Greece: near Délfi, Parnassós Mountains.
Alpioniscus escolai Cruz & Dalens, 1989
BIBL. – CRUZ & DALENS 1989 (figs.); CRUZ 1991a; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Spain: province Tarragona.
Alpioniscus feneriensis (Parona, 1880)
SYN. – A. caprai, dispersus, Megatrichoniscus f., Titanethes f., Trichoniscus caprae,
dispersus, f.
BIBL. – PARONA 1880 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909a; BRIAN 1899, 1921 (figs.), 1927;
RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.); CARL 1908b (figs.); COLOSI 1924; ARCANGELI 1940b (figs.);
VERHOEFF 1940c; VANDEL 1943 (figs.), 1947c, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et
alii 1982, 1995; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Southeastern France and northwestern Italy.
Alpioniscus fragilis (Budde-Lund, 1909)
SYN. – A. alzonae, Brianoniscus alzonae, Titanethes f., Trichoniscus alzonae
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BRIAN 1921 (figs.), 1955a; ARCANGELI 1924d, 1940b,
1950a; VERHOEFF 1940c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO & RAMPINI 1973; ARGANO et alii 1982,
1995; TABACARU 1996a; JEPPESEN 2000.
Alpioniscus giurensis Schmalfuss, 1981
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1981a (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Greece: northern Sporades, island Giúra.
Alpioniscus haasi (Verhoeff, 1931)
SYN. – Illyrionethes h.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a, 1932a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1938c (figs.); STROUHAL 1939g, 1940d;
FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b;
TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Croatia: island Korčula.
Alpioniscus henroti Vandel, 1964
BIBL. – VANDEL 1964c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Greece: Peloponnese, 40 km N Tripolis.
Alpioniscus heroldi (Verhoeff, 1931)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1938c (figs.); STROUHAL 1938a (figs.), 1939g,
1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; LEGRAND 1946; VANDEL 1946a (figs.), 1947c;
BUTUROVIĆ 1951, 1958 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; ERHARD 1996; TABACARU
1996a.
DISTR. – Southern Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina.
Alpioniscus herzegowinensis (Verhoeff, 1931)
14
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1938c; STROUHAL 1938a (figs.), 1939e, 1939g
(figs.), 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1947c; BUTUROVIĆ 1951, 1958;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Bosnia and Hercegovina.
Alpioniscus karamani Buturović, 1954
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1954 (figs.), 1955c (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b;
TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Macedonia.
Alpioniscus kratochvili (Frankenberger, 1938)
SYN. – Illyrionethes k.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1938c (figs.); STROUHAL 1940d; BUTUROVIĆ 1955e, 1958; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Croatia: island Hvar.
Alpioniscus magnus (Frankenberger, 1938)
SYN. – Illyrionethes m.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1938c (figs.); STROUHAL 1939g (figs.), 1940d; FRANKENBERGER &
STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1947c; BUTUROVIĆ 1955e, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN
1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Croatia.
Alpioniscus matsakisi Andreev, 1984
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1984 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Greece: island Évia.
Alpioniscus medius (Carl, 1908) = Spelaeonethes m.
Alpioniscus metohicus (Pljakić, 1970)
SYN. – Macedoniscus m.
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1970a (figs.), 1977; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Serbia: near Peć.
Alpioniscus skopjensis Buturović, 1955 = Macedonethes s. (compare TABACARU 1996a)
Alpioniscus slatinensis Buturović, 1955
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1955c (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Macedonia: Makedonski Brod.
Alpioniscus strasseri (Verhoeff, 1927)
SYN. – Illyrionethes enriquesi, s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1927c (figs.), 1928b, 1929c, 1929d, 1931a, 1932a, 1938d; KESSELYÁK 1930a
(figs.); ARCANGELI 1932n (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1937, 1938c, 1939b; BRIAN 1938b;
STROUHAL 1938a (figs.), 1939g, 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1947c;
BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; PAOLETTI 1978b; POTOČNIK 1979;
POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia including island Cres.
Alpioniscus thracicus Andreev, 1986
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1986b (figs.); TABACARU 1996a; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – NE-Greece: district Rodópi.
Alpioniscus trogirensis Buturović, 1955
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1955a (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Croatia: Dalmatia, Trogira.
Alpioniscus tuberculatus (Frankenberger, 1939)
SYN. – Illyrionethes t.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1939b (figs.); FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL 1940d;
BUTUROVIĆ 1955e, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Western Bosnia.
Alpioniscus vardarensis (Buturović, 1954)
SYN. – Macedoniscus v.
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1954 (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
Alpioniscus vejdovskyi (Frankenberger, 1939)
SYN. – Hellenonethes v.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1939a (figs.); VANDEL 1946a (figs.), 1947c, 1959b, 1964c; BUTUROVIĆ
1955c (figs.), 1958 (map); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; FLASAROVÁ 1967 (figs.);
SCHMALFUSS 1979b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Macedonia: Kičeva; northwestern Greece.
Alpioniscus verhoeffi (Strouhal, 1938)
SYN. – Illyrionethes v.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1938a (figs.), 1939g, 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; BUTUROVIĆ
1955e, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Bosnia.
A m a z o n i s c u s Lemos de Castro, 1967

15
Amazoniscus arlei Lemos de Castro, 1967

BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967, 1969 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: Amazonia.
A m b o u n i a Dollfus, 1895
Ambounia suarezi Dollfus, 1895
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.), 1908; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
A m e r i g o n i s c u s Vandel, 1950
Amerigoniscus centralis Vandel, 1977
BIBL. – VANDEL 1977b (figs.).
DISTR. – USA: Oklahoma.
Amerigoniscus curvatus Vandel, 1977
DISTR. – USA: Georgia.
Amerigoniscus georgiensis Vandel, 1977
Amerigoniscus gipsocolus (Vandel, 1965)
SYN. – Caucasonethes g.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965e (figs.), 1977b (figs.).
DISTR. – USA: New Mexico.
Amerigoniscus henroti Vandel, 1950
SYN. – Caucasonethes h.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1950c (figs.), 1953a (figs.), 1965e, 1977b (figs.).
DISTR. – USA: Virginia.
Amerigoniscus malheurensis Schultz, 1982
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1982b (figs.).
DISTR. – USA: Oregon.
Amerigoniscus nicholasi (Vandel, 1965)
SYN. – Caucasonethes n., paynei
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965e (figs.), 1977b (figs.); MUCHMORE 1970 (figs.).
DISTR. – USA: Tennessee.
Amerigoniscus proximus Vandel, 1977
Amerigoniscus rothi (Vandel, 1953)
SYN. – Caucasonethes r.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953a, 1953i (figs.), 1965e, 1977b (figs.).
A n a p h i l o s c i a Racovitza, 1907
Anaphiloscia buchnerorum (Verhoeff, 1942) = Trichorhina b.
Anaphiloscia sicula Arcangeli, 1934
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934g (figs.); VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1969c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
CARUSO 1976; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1976, 1982, 1995; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii
1995.
DISTR. – Portugal; Sicily and surrounding islands Ustica and Pantelleria; Malta.
REMARKS. – Probably this species is identical with A. simoni. VANDEL (1972a) obviously
treats the two species as synonyms, without discussing the issue.
Anaphiloscia simoni Racovitza, 1907
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.), 1908; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; VANDEL 1972a (figs.); CRUZ
1991a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Western Spain and Balearic Islands; Morocco; Algeria; Libya: Cyrenaica.
A n a t o l i s c u s Verhoeff, 1949
Anatoliscus longicornis Verhoeff, 1949
DISTR. – Turkey: central Anatolia.
A n c h i c u b a r i s Collinge, 1920
16

Anchicubaris annobonensis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983 (figs.).
DISTR. – Gulf of Guinea: Annobon Island.
Anchicubaris demiclavula Lewis, 1998 = Stigmops d. (compare LILLEMETS & WILSON 2002)
Anchicubaris fongosiensis Collinge, 1920
SYN. – Pseudarmadillo rugosa
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1920 (figs.), 1942b, 1945a; BARNARD 1932, 1960a; ARCANGELI 1956c;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS 1984a; TAITI & HARDING 1985; LILLEMETS & WILSON
2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – South Africa; Zimbabwe.
Anchicubaris howensis Lewis, 1998 = Stigmops d. (compare LILLEMETS & WILSON 2002)
Anchicubaris luteus (Budde-Lund, 1908) = Pyrgoniscus l.
Anchicubaris scoriformis Collinge, 1945
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1945a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Anchicubaris spinosus Collinge, 1942 = Barnardillo barnardi
A n c h i p h i l o s c i a Stebbing, 1908
Anchiphiloscia aelleni (Ferrara & Taiti, 1982)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia a.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982a (figs.), 1986b.
DISTR. – Kenya and Tanzania.
Anchiphiloscia africana (Schmölzer, 1974)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia a., Chaetophiloscia a.
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1986b; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a
(figs.), 1982a; DAVIS 1989.
DISTR. – Kenya: Nairobi.
Anchiphiloscia balssi (Verhoeff, 1928)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia b., Chaetophiloscia b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c (figs.); HOLTHUIS 1945a, 1956; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; GRUNER 1966a
(figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1982a, 1986b.
DISTR. – Known only from greenhouses in Germany and the Netherlands. As suggested by
the distribution of the other species of Anchiphiloscia an origin from tropical parts around
the Indian Ocean has to be expected for A. balssi.
Anchiphiloscia bicolorata (Ferrara & Taiti, 1982)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia b.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982(figs.), (figs.), 1986b.
DISTR. – Andaman Islands.
Anchiphiloscia bispinosa (Ferrara & Taiti, 1984)
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1984 (figs.), 1986b.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Kilimanjaro region.
Anchiphiloscia brevicauda (Taiti & Ferrara, 1980)
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a; FERRARA & TAITI 1986b.
Anchiphiloscia cunningtoni Stebbing, 1908 = Aphiloscia c.
Anchiphiloscia iriomotensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora i.
Anchiphiloscia ishigakiensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora i.
Anchiphiloscia karongae Stebbing, 1908
BIBL. – STEBBING 1908 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1986b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1987.
DISTR. – Malawi.
Anchiphiloscia kenyensis (Taiti & Ferrara, 1980)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia k.
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a; FERRARA & TAITI 1984, 1986b.
DISTR. – Kenya: Shimba Hills.
Anchiphiloscia kinolensis (Taiti & Ferrara, 1980)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia k.
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a; FERRARA & TAITI 1984, 1986b.
17
Anchiphiloscia longisetosa (Ferrara & Taiti, 1982)

SYN. – Afrophiloscia l.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982f (figs.), 1986b.
Anchiphiloscia meruina (Ferrara & Taiti, 1984)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia m.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Mount Meru.
Anchiphiloscia ocellata (Barnard, 1960)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia o., Philoscia o., Setaphora o.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1960b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985d, 1986b; LAWRENCE 1977; TAITI &
FERRARA 1980a, 1982a (figs.).
Anchiphiloscia pilosa (Budde-Lund, 1913)
SYN. – Setaphora p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1986b (figs.); GREEN et alii 1990; TAITI &
FERRARA 1991b; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; JEPPESEN 2000; RIVERA et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Chagos Archipelago; West Malaysia; Java; Bali; Krakatau; Hawaiian Islands.
Anchiphiloscia rotundata (Taiti & Ferrara, 1980)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia r.
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a; FERRARA & TAITI 1986b.
DISTR. – Kenya: Mount Kenya.
Anchiphiloscia similis (Ferrara & Taiti, 1984)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia s.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Mount Oldeani.
Anchiphiloscia suarezi (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia s., Philoscia s., Setaphora s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a; BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.), 1910, 1912b; BARNARD 1958, 1964; FERRARA
& TAITI 1979, 1986b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980a, 1984.
DISTR. – Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar; Comoro Islands; Seychelles; Coetivy;
Farquhar; Réunion.
Anchiphiloscia tanzaniana (Ferrara & Taiti, 1984)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia t.
Anchiphiloscia uncinata (Ferrara, 1974)
SYN. – Afrophiloscia u., Pleopodoscia u., for other possible synonyms see FERRARA & TAITI
1984.
BIBL. – FERRARA 1974b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979,
1984, 1986b.
Anchiphiloscia yonakuniensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora y.
A n d e n o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1941
Andenoniscus narcissi Vandel, 1968 = Erophiloscia n. (compare VANDEL 1972g)
Andenoniscus schmalfussi Leistikow, 1999
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 1999b (figs.).
DISTR. – Panama.
Andenoniscus silvaticus Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941f (figs.); LEISTIKOW 1998b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Peru.
Andenoniscus tropicalis Vandel, 1968
SYN. – Erophiloscia t.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.), 1972g; LEISTIKOW 1998b; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Ecuador: western Andes.
A n d r i c o p h i l o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Andricophiloscia melanesiensis Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973b (figs.); TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001.
DISTR. – Western New Guinea.
Andricophiloscia pedisetosa Taiti & Humphreys, 2001
18
SYN. – Andriphiloscia p.
BIBL. – TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001 (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia: Murchison Region.
Andricophiloscia stepheni (Nicholls & Barnes, 1926)
SYN. – Andriphiloscia s., Haloniscus s.
BIBL. – NICHOLLS & BARNES 1926 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001 (figs.);
GREEN et alii 2002.
Genus Andriphiloscia (printing mistake) = Genus Andricophiloscia
A n d r o d e l o s c i a Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia conipus Leistikow, 1999
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 1999a (figs.).
DISTR. – Peru: Dep. Huanuco.
Androdeloscia dalensi Leistikow, 1999
DISTR. – Venezuela: Andes, between Timotes and Mérida.
Androdeloscia digitata Leistikow, 1999
DISTR. – Brazil: Amazonia, Manaus.
Androdeloscia feistae Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia ferrarai Leistikow, 1999
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 1999a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a (figs.).
Androdeloscia formosa (Mulaik, 1960)
SYN. – Philoscia f.
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2000b (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Mexico; Guatemala.
Androdeloscia hamigera (Vandel, 1952)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia h., Prosekia h.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d (figs.), 1968c; PAOLETTI 1989; LEISTIKOW 1999a (figs.); LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Venezuela.
Androdeloscia longiunguis Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia malleus Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia merolobata Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia opercularis Leistikow, 1999
DISTR. – Venezuela: Península de Morrocoy.
Androdeloscia plicatipus Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia poeppigi Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia pseudosilvatica Leistikow, 1999
DISTR. – NW-Venezuela.
Androdeloscia silvatica (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986)
SYN. – Prosekia s.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO & SOUZA 1986 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW 1999a (figs.);
DISTR. – NE-Venezuela; Brazil: Amazonia (Manaus and Belém).
Androdeloscia taitii Leistikow, 1999
Androdeloscia valdezi Leistikow, 2000
19
DISTR. – Guatemala.
A n d r o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1908
Androniscus africanus Arcangeli, 1939 = A. dentiger (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus alpinus Verhoeff, 1908 = A. dentiger (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus boldorii Strouhal, 1929 = A. calcivagus (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus brentanus Verhoeff, 1932
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1932a; ARCANGELI 1940d; VANDEL 1960d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO
1972; CAODURO et alii 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NE-Italy.
Androniscus brixianus Brian, 1934 = A. calcivagus (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus burlinii Arcangeli, 1940 = A. noduliger (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus caffii Brian, 1938 = A. calcivagus (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus calcivagus Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – A. boldorii, brixanus, caffii, dentiger c., ghidinii
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908b, 1931a, 1932b, 1936b, 1938c; STROUHAL 1929d (figs.); ARCANGELI
1938a; BRIAN 1931b, 1938b (figs.); BERTOSSI 1938; LATTIN 1939a; VANDEL 1960d (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Prealpine zone in northern Italy.
Androniscus carli Strouhal, 1929 = A. dentiger (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus carynthiacus Verhoeff, 1908 = A. roseus (compare GRUNER 1966a)
Androniscus cavernarum Verhoeff, 1908 = A. stygius
Androniscus degener Brian, 1927
SYN. – A. medius, nodosus, strouhali, subterraneus medius, subterraneus nodosus,
subterraneus strouhali
BIBL. – BRIAN 1927 (figs.), 1931b (figs.), 1938b (figs.); VERHOEFF 1929c, 1929d, 1930c,
1943a; BOLDORI 1936; STROUHAL 1939a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1940d (figs.); BUTUROVIĆ 1958
(figs.); VANDEL 1960d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1972; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995;
CAODURO et alii 1994.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: provinces of Verona, Vicenza and Brescia; Slovenia.
Androniscus dentiger Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – A. africanus, alpinus, carli, weberi, wolfi, Itea d., Stenasellus hazeltoni, Trichoniscus
d.
Orig. descr., figs.: VERHOEFF 1908b.
Descr., figs.: BRIAN 1914a; ARCANGELI 1939b; STROUHAL 1939(figs.); VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER
1966a.
Figs.: VANDEL 1925b; MEHELY 1932; MEINERTZ 1932; BRIAN 1938b; ARCANGELI 1938a, 1939b;
STROUHAL 1939(figs.); LEGRAND 1950; VANDEL 1960d.
Syst.: ARCANGELI 1938a; LEGRAND 1950; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Morph.: LEGRAND 1946.
Ontog.: VANDEL 1960d.
Cuticle: HOLDICH 1984.
Sense organs: ARCANGELI 1938f.
Nutr.: BRIAN 1914a.
Symbionts: MATTHES 1950.
Ecol.: SUTTON & HARDING 1989.
Distr.: BRIAN 1914a, 1957a (I); MEINERTZ 1932 (DK); WOLF 1938 (I); ARCANGELI 1939b (North
Africa); MEDCOF 1939 (Canada); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); POLK 1957 (B, map), 1959a (B);
VANDEL 1960a ((Figs.)); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b
(former YU); CIFUENTES 1983 (E); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); CAODURO et
alii 1994 (I); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H); GENTILE 1998; OLSEN 1998 (N) ; WOUTERS et alii
2000 (B, map).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b.
DISTR. – Europe and North Africa, often synanthropically; also known from greenhouses in
North America.
Androniscus dentiger calcivagus Verhoeff, 1908 = A. calcivagus
Androniscus ghidinii Brian, 1938 = A. calcivagus (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus histrianorum Arcangeli, 1932 = A. roseus (compare FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL
1940)
Androniscus medius Verhoeff, 1929 = A. degener (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus microcavernicolus Kesselyák, 1930 = A. stygius (compare FRANKENBERGER &
STROUHAL 1940)
Androniscus microps (Budde-Lund, 1906)
SYN. – Itea m., Trichoniscus m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1906 (figs.), 1909a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Italy: near Bologna.
REMARKS. – According to VANDEL 1960d this species is probably identical with A. degener.
20
Androniscus montellensis Verhoeff, 1930 = A. noduliger

Androniscus nodosus Strouhal, 1939 = A. degener (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus noduliger Verhoeff, 1929
SYN. – A. burlinii, montellensis, subterraneus montellensis, subterraneus noduliger,
subterraneus scaber
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1929c (figs.), 1930c, 1932a; ARCANGELI 1940d (figs.); VANDEL 1960d (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1972; PAOLETTI 1978a, 1978b, 1980; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – NE-Italy: Friuli.
Androniscus paolettii Caruso, 1972
BIBL. – CARUSO 1972 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: provinces Trento and Belluno.
Androniscus roseus (C. Koch, 1838)
SYN. – A. carynthiacus, histrianorum, Itea r., Philougria r., Trichoniscus r.
BIBL. – KOCH, C. 1838; WEBER, M. 1880, 1881; BUDDE-LUND 1885; SARS 1898 (figs.);
RACOVITZA 1907a; CARL 1908a; VERHOEFF 1908b; GRAEVE 1913, 1914; JACKSON 1928a;
ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b (figs.); KESSELYÁK 1930a; ARCANGELI 1931d, 1932n (figs.),
1938e; STROUHAL 1934b; LEGRAND 1950 (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1959; RADU, V. G. 1960a
(figs.), 1983; VANDEL 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; GRUNER 1966a (figs.);
KARAMAN 1966b; FLASAROVÁ 1967 (figs.), 1995; FLASAR & FLASAROVÁ 1989; ARGANO et alii
1995; TOMESCU et alii 1995; FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; KARAMAN & ČEMERLIĆ 2002; TUF 2003;
ZIEGLER 2003; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004.
DISTR. – From eastern France to Romania, north to southern Germany (not in Bulgaria and
Greece).
Androniscus roseus macrocavernicolus Kesselyák, 1930 = A. stygius (compare FRANKENBERGER &
STROUHAL 1940)
Androniscus spelaeorum Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – A. subterraneus affinis, subterraneus s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908b (figs.); STROUHAL 1929d; BRIAN 1938b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1940d
(figs.); VANDEL 1960d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy between Como and Bergamo.
Androniscus strouhali Verhoeff, 1928 = A. degener (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus stygius (Nemec, 1897)
SYN. – A. cavernarum, microcavernicolus, roseus microcavernicolus, Trichoniscus s.
BIBL. – NĚMEC 1897; VERHOEFF 1908b (figs.), 1928b, 1928c, 1929c, 1929d; KESSELYÁK 1930a
(figs.), 1930b; STROUHAL 1935 (figs.), 1938a (figs.), 1939a (figs.), 1939e (figs.), 1940d,
1948c, 1951; ARCANGELI 1938e; LATTIN 1939b; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL
1947c; BUTUROVIĆ 1958 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; KARAMAN 1966b; PAOLETTI 1978b;
POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – SE-Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia.
Androniscus subterraneus (Carl, 1906)
SYN. – Trichoniscus roseus var. s.
BIBL. – CARL 1906, 1908a (figs.); VANDEL 1960d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1972;
ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy and southern Switzerland between Lago di Como and Lago di
Lugano.
Androniscus subterraneus affinis Brian, 1931 = A. spelaeorum (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus subterraneus boldorii Strouhal, 1929 = A. calcivagus (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus subterraneus medius Verhoeff, 1929 = A. degener
Androniscus subterraneus montellensis Verhoeff, 1932 = A. noduliger (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus subterraneus nodosus Strouhal, 1939 = A. degener (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus subterraneus scaber Verhoeff, 1930 = A. noduliger (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus subterraneus spelaeorum Verhoeff, 1908 = A. spelaeorum
Androniscus weberi Verhoeff, 1908 = A. dentiger (compare VANDEL 1960d)
Androniscus wolfi Strouhal, 1939 = A. dentiger (compare ARCANGELI 1940d)
Anexopoditius fissus Verhoeff, 1942 = Microcercus anomalus
Angara hirta (Aubert & Dollfus, 1890) = Agabiformius lentus

Angara lenta (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Agabiformius l.
A n g a r i b i a Barnard, 1932
Angaribia flavicauda Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi.
Angaribia kunenensis (Barnard, 1924)
SYN. – Periscyphis k., monardi, Periscyphops k.
21
BIBL. – BARNARD 1924a, 1932; BRIAN 1931a (figs.); FERRARA 1973a; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS
1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1983b (figs.); TAITI et alii 1991 (figs.); PAOLI
et alii 2002 (figs.); FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Along border between Angola and Namibia. Material from Mozambique
(Gorongoza Mountain) ascribed to this species by BARNARD (1960a) has been described as
Microcercus gorongozae by TAITI & FERRARA (1983b).
Angaribia lobata Ferrara & Taiti, 1996
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1996a (figs.).
DISTR. – Yemen.
A n k a r a t r i d i u m Paulian de Félice, 1950

Ankaratridium caecum Paulian de Félice, 1950
SYN. – Microcercus rotundifrons
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1950 (figs.); BARNARD 1958 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
A n n o b o d i l l o Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983

Annobodillo coecus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
Genus Anomaloniscus = Genus Alloniscus

Anomaloniscus ovatus Dollfus, 1893 = Alloniscus oahuensis
Anomaloniscus seychellarum Verhoeff, 1946 = Alloniscus oahuensis
“Anomaloniscus” vandeli Roman, 1977
BIBL. – ROMAN 1977 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Madagascar: Tuléar.
REMARKS. – Generic ascription doubtful.
Antennulonethes nitidus Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967 = Trichonethes kosswigi
A n t h r o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1946
Anthrodillo perkeo Verhoeff, 1946
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1946 (figs.).
DISTR. – Burma.
A n t i d o r c a s i a Kensley, 1971
Synocheta: family Titanidae
Antidorcasia elongata Kensley, 1971
BIBL. – KENSLEY 1971 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Springbok.
Antroniscus balamensis Mulaik, 1960 = Cylindroniscus maya (compare SCHULTZ 1970b)

Antroniscus cavicola Mulaik, 1960 = Cylindroniscus c. (compare SCHULTZ 1970b)
Antroniscus yucatanensis Mulaik, 1960 = Cylindroniscus y. (compare SCHULTZ 1970b)
A p h i l o s c i a Budde-Lund, 1908
Aphiloscia annulicornis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1908, 1912b; DOLLFUS 1895a; BARNARD 1936b, 1958; TAITI &
FERRARA 1983a, 1984 (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1994 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Islands of the western Indian Ocean: Madagascar; Comoro; Mauritius; Réunion;
Farquhar; Seychelles.
Aphiloscia bipunctata Ferrara, Paoli & Taiti, 1994
Aphiloscia congolensis Arcangeli, 1950 = A. maculicornis (compare FERRARA et alii 1994)
Aphiloscia cunningtoni (Stebbing, 1908)
SYN. – Anchiphiloscia c.
BIBL. – STEBBING 1908 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1986b (figs.).
DISTR. – Zambia.
Aphiloscia digitata Taiti & Ferrara, 1980 = A. maculicornis (compare FERRARA et alii 1994)
22
Aphiloscia fusca Ferrara, Paoli & Taiti, 1994

DISTR. – Madagascar: Montagne d’Ambre.
Aphiloscia guttulata (Gerstäcker, 1873)
SYN. – Philoscia g.
BIBL. – GERSTÄCKER 1873; BUDDE-LUND 1885; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a,
1982a; FERRARA et alii 1994.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Zanzibar.
Aphiloscia humicola Ferrara, Paoli & Taiti, 1994
BIBL. – FERRARA et alii 1994 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Aphiloscia jocquei Taiti & Ferrara, 1984
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1984 (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1994.
DISTR. – Comoro Islands.
Aphiloscia maculicornis (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – A. congolensis, congolensis damasi, digitata, Komatia marginata, Massaiscia obstii,
Phalaba zambeziana, Philoscia m., marginata
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898; BARNARD 1932, 1960a; VERHOEFF 1942d; ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.);
VANDEL 1971b; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a; FERRARA & TAITI 1984, 1985d;
DANGERFIELD & TELFORD 1991; FERRARA et alii 1994 (figs.); TELFORD & DANGERFIELD 1995;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Kenya; Uganda; Tanzania; eastern Zaire; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe;
Mozambique.
Aphiloscia madagascariensis Ferrara, Paoli & Taiti, 1994
DISTR. – Madagascar: surroundings of Fort Dauphin.
Aphiloscia montana Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a, 1987; FERRARA & TAITI 1985d.
DISTR. – Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Malawi.
Aphiloscia ovamboensis Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985d (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Namibia.
Aphiloscia parva Ferrara & Taiti, 1984
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1984 (figs.).
Aphiloscia rwandaensis Ferrara, Paoli & Taiti, 1994
DISTR. – Rwanda.
Aphiloscia sordida Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a.
DISTR. – Eastern Zaire.
Aphiloscia tinglei Ferrara, Paoli & Taiti, 1994
DISTR. – Zimbabwe.
Aphiloscia trifasciata Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1982a.
DISTR. – Kenya: Shimba Hills.
Aphiloscia verhoeffi Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
SYN. – Buddelundiscus annulicornis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1982c (figs.).
Aphiloscia victoriana Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985d (figs.); TELFORD & DANGERFIELD 1995.
DISTR. – Zambia.
Aphiloscia vilis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia dilectum, v.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; COLLINGE 1917d, 1920, 1945a; BARNARD 1932, 1937, 1960a,
1960b; LAWRENCE 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985d; TAITI & FERRARA 1982a (figs.);
TELFORD & DANGERFIELD 1995; DANGERFIELD 1997; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – South Africa; Zimbabwe; southern Mozambique.
Araucoscia chilenica Verhoeff, 1939 = Pseudophiloscia chilenica
A r c a n g e l o s c i a Taiti & Ferrara, 1980

Arcangeloscia buettneroides Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.), 1982; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a; FERRARA &
SCHMALFUSS 1983.
23
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon: Mount Cameroon region.

Arcangeloscia congolensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern Zaire.
Arcangeloscia curvitelson Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1983 (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon: Kribi region.
Arcangeloscia longistyla Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon: Kribi region.
Arcangeloscia meridionalis Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi.
Arcangeloscia microphthalma Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980a.
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon.
Arcangeloscia puylaerti Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
DISTR. – Western Cameroon.
A r c h a e o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Archaeoscia singularis Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973f (figs.), 1981; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba: province Las Villas.
A r h i n a Budde-Lund, 1904
Crinocheta: family ?
Arhina barkulensis Collinge, 1915
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1915c (figs.).
DISTR. – India: Madras region.
Arhina porcellioides Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); JACKSON 1928a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Synanthropically in Copenhagen (Denmark) and Hamburg (Germany).
A r m a d i l l i d i u m Brandt, 1833
Armadillidium absoloni Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Central Bosnia.
Armadillidium aegaeum Strouhal, 1929
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1937g, 1939c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1981a, 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: northern Sporades including island Skíros.
REMARKS. – Possibly conspecific with A. aeginense.
Armadillidium aeginense Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Greece: island Égina S Athens.
REMARKS. – Possibly conspecific with A. aegaeum.
Armadillidium aelleni Caruso & Ferrara, 1982
BIBL. – CARUSO & FERRARA 1982 (figs.); CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; SCHMALFUSS 1984b;
CARUSO et alii 1987; LOMBARDO et alii 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Malta.
Armadillidium affine Brandt, 1833 = A. vulgare (compare BUDDE-LUND 1885: 69)
Armadillidium alassiense Verhoeff, 1910
SYN. – A. tendanum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1910, 1928c, 1931b, 1932b, 1936b; ARCANGELI 1954c (figs.); VANDEL 1962b
(figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – SE-France; NW-Italy.
Armadillidium albanicum Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901b, 1902, 1907a, 1908c; STROUHAL 1936b (figs.), 1966a; ARCANGELI
1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; SCHMALFUSS 1981b (figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Southern Croatia (Dalmatia); Albania; Greece: island Kérkira (= Corfu).
Armadillidium albifrons L. Koch, 1901 = nomen dubium
Armadillidium albigauni Arcangeli, 1935
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Albenga.
Armadillidium albomarginatum Verhoeff, 1901
24
SYN. – A. versicolor a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1907a; KARAMAN 1966b.
Armadillidium album Dollfus, 1887
SYN. – Haloarmadillidium dudichi, Italoarmadillidium dudichi
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887a; ARCANGELI 1929c (figs.), 1950c; EDNEY 1953a; HOLTHUIS 1956 (figs.);
VANDEL 1960b, 1962b (figs.), 1968a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; AMANIEU 1969; TAITI & FERRARA
1980b; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; CARUSO et alii 1987; KERSMAEKERS 1988; VADER & WOLF
1988; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1996; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991; SCHMALFUSS 1999, 2000b;
MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000; WOUTERS et alii 2000; GARCIA et alii 2003.
DISTR. – Atlantic coasts of Europe north to the Netherlands, Great Britain and Ireland;
northern coasts of the Mediterranean east to Greece.
Armadillidium alpinum Dollfus, 1887 = A. opacum (compare VANDEL 1962b)
Armadillidium ameglioi Arcangeli, 1914
SYN. – A. ephesiacum, samium
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1914a (figs.), 1934a; STROUHAL 1927 (figs.), 1929a, 1929c (figs.), 1937d,
1937g; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1972b (figs.), 1999, 2000b (map); SFENTHOURAKIS
1996b.
DISTR. – SW-Turkey including the Greek island Kastelórizo; Greece: Aegean islands Sámos,
Ikaría, Náxos, Amorgós, Alatsonísi, Khálki, Ródos.
REMARKS. – A. samium Strouhal, 1929 and A. ephesiacum Strouhal, 1927 are considered as
synonyms of A. ameglioi, because the investigation of more material from the Aegean
islands and Asia Minor has shown that differences are gradual and concern only the shape
of the telson (see figs. 89–92 in SFENTHOURAKIS 1994, unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University
of Athens). A. naxium Verhoeff, 1901 from Náxos Island is very probably identical with
A. ameglioi, but the description is insufficient and the types are lost, so A. naxium remains
a nomen dubium.
Armadillidium amicorum Rodríguez & Vicente, 1993
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ & VICENTE 1993 (figs.); ASHMOLE et alii 1996.
DISTR. – Azores: island São Miguel.
Armadillidium anconanum Verhoeff, 1928
SYN. – A. carniolense a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c, 1933b; ARCANGELI 1954c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; MANICASTRI &
TAITI 1994 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central eastern Italy.
Armadillidium apenninigerum Verhoeff, 1936
SYN. – A. carniolense apenninigerum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1954c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Italy: provinces of Parma and Reggio Emilia.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of A. savonense (FERRARA, pers. comm.).
Armadillidium apenninorum Verhoeff, 1928
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c (figs.), 1931b (figs.), 1936b (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: near Ancona.
Armadillidium apfelbecki Dollfus, 1895
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895c; VERHOEFF 1901c, 1902, 1907a; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; VANDEL
1946a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1954 (figs.), 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Southern Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Montenegro.
Armadillidium apuanum Taiti & Ferrara, 1995
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Alpi Apuane.
Armadillidium arcadicum Verhoeff, 1902
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a, 1908c, 1930c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1981b
(figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Peloponnese (Tripolis).
Armadillidium arcangelii Strouhal, 1929
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1931d, 1933a, 1947a, 1950c; VERHOEFF 1933b,
1936b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1952a, 1965b; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy.
REMARKS. – The records of this species in ARCANGELI 1934a, 1937a and SCHMALFUSS 1972a,
1972b, 1975b refer to A. marmoratum. A possible conspecifity of A. marmoratum with A.
arcangelii and/or with A. apenninorum or other Italian species has yet to be clarified.
Armadillidium argentarium Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – A. nasatum montischristi
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b, 1933b; STROUHAL 1934a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b
(figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscan Archipelago and fossil islands on the coast of Tuscany.
Armadillidium argolicum Verhoeff, 1907
SYN. – A. hydrense, mycenaeum
25
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; STROUHAL 1937b (figs.), 1937f (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS
1981b (figs.), 1985b, 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: northeastern Peloponnese and island Ídra (= Hydra).
Armadillidium armeniensis Vandel, 1980 (n. syn.) = A. vulgare
REMARKS. – I have investigated the type specimens of A. armeniensis, so the synonymy
with A. vulgare can be established.
Armadillidium artense Strouhal, 1956
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1956 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Western Greece: surroundings of Arta.
Armadillidium assimile Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. elbanum, vizzavonense, simoni a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; TUA 1900; ARCANGELI 1924d, 1936g, 1950a; JACKSON 1926b;
VERHOEFF 1928c, 1931b; VANDEL 1956a, 1962b (figs.), 1968a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1989c,
1996; ARGANO et alii 1995; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1996; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscany and Tuscan Archipelago; Sardinia; Corsica; southern France; eastern
and southern Spain; Portugal; Azores (introduced).
Armadillidium astriger (C. Koch, 1841) = nomen dubium
Armadillidium atratum (C. Koch, 1841) = nomen dubium
Armadillidium atticum Strouhal, 1929
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1937b, 1937(figs.), 1937g (figs.), 1938b, 1939c; VANDEL
1946a; THEODORIDES 1960; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1975b, 2000b; SFENTHOURAKIS
1996b.
DISTR. – Central Greece (Athens and ?Kalabaka) and islands Évia, Salamída, Égina and
Kíthnos.
Armadillidium azerbaidzhanum Schmalfuss, 1990
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1990b (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern Caucasus region.
Armadillidium badium Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. degneri
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1934e (figs.), 1951b, 1960c; STROUHAL 1937e (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1970b (figs.), 1974 (figs.); VANDEL 1969c; CARUSO & BRISOLESE
1974; CARUSO & COSTA 1974; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; CARUSO & BRANDMAYR 1983;
CARUSO et alii 1987; VIGLIANISI et alii 1992; ARGANO et alii 1995; ARGANO & MANICASTRI
1996; JEPPESEN 2000; LOMBARDO et alii 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Italy: Calabria; Sicily and surrounding islands; Maltese Islands.
Armadillidium badium pelagicum Arcangeli, 1957 = A. pelagicum (compare CARUSO & LOMBARDO
1995)
Armadillidium badium siculorum Verhoeff, 1908 = A. siculorum
Armadillidium baldense Verhoeff, 1902
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Monte Baldo.
Armadillidium banaticum Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; DEMIANOWICZ 1934; RADU, V. G. 1945, 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Armadillidium beieri Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937a (figs.), 1956 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1999, 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian islands Levkáda, Kálamos, Kefaloniá and Zákinthos.
Armadillidium benaci Verhoeff, 1934 = A. tirolense (compare ARCANGELI 1940c)
Armadillidium bicurvatum Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – A. schulzi
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c; STROUHAL 1929c (figs.), 1937b (figs.), 1956, 1966a; ARCANGELI
1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1981b (figs.), 1985b, 2000b (map); SFENTHOURAKIS
1992b, 1993a; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Albania; western continental Greece; islands Kérkira (= Corfu) and Paxí;
Peloponnese; western Crete.
Armadillidium bifidum Dollfus, 1905 = Schizidium fissum
Armadillidium bimarginatum Strouhal, 1929 = A. peloponnesiacum
Armadillidium bosniense Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Bosnia.
Armadillidium brambillae Balsamo, 1859 = nomen dubium
Armadillidium brentanum Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – A. carniolense b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b, 1932a; ARCANGELI 1954c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Brenta region.
Armadillidium brevicaudatum Tua, 1900 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium brunneum Brandt, 1833 = A. zenckeri
Armadillidium bulgaricum Frankenberger, 1941
26
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941b (figs.); VANDEL 1948f; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.

DISTR. – Bulgaria.
Armadillidium caelatum Miers, 1877 = Eluma c.
Armadillidium calabricum Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – A. nasatum calabricum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908c, 1931b; STROUHAL 1928b, 1937e; ARCANGELI 1960c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: Calabria.
Armadillidium canaliferum Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – A. carniolense c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908c; ARCANGELI 1954c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: peninsula of Sorrento.
Armadillidium capreae Verhoeff, 1944
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1944 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Southwestern Italy: island Capri.
REMARKS. – Probably conspecific with A. sorrentinum.
Armadillidium carniolense Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – A. maculatum c., schoeblii, simoni c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1902, 1907a, 1928f (figs.), 1939d; RADU, V. G. 1945 (figs.), 1950a;
STROUHAL 1951, 1954a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1954c (only subspecies carniolense); STROUHAL &
FRANZ 1954; KARAMAN 1966a (figs.), 1966b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; TOMESCU et alii
1992, 1995, 2000, 2002b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NE-Italy; SE-Austria; Slovenia; Croatia; Hungary; W-Romania.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of A. opacum. The taxa alassiense, anconanum,
apenninigerum, brentanum, canaliferum, clavigerum, ficalbii, frontexcavatum,
marinensium, nigrum, ormeanum, rupium, savonense, schoebli, vallombrosae, vandeli are
all treated by ARCANGELI 1954c and 1956a as subspecies of A. carniolense. Even if some of
them might be conspecific with carniolense the majority are certainly separate species, so
these synonymizations are here ignored, with the exception of schoeblii, which is very
probably only a variation of the typical carniolense.
Armadillidium carniolense vandeli Arcangeli, 1954 = A. dollfusi (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1995)
Armadillidium carynthiacum Verhoeff, 1939
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939f (figs.); STROUHAL 1948c, 1951; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b.
DISTR. – SE-Austria.
REMARKS. – Very probably a synonym of A. carniolense viz. opacum.
Armadillidium cavannai Arcangeli, 1960
SYN. – A. simoni c.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1960c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium cavernarum Vandel, 1958 = Platanosphaera c. (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004)
Armadillidium cephalonicum Strouhal, 1929
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1936b (figs.); ?ARCANGELI 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1999, 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian islands Kefaloniá and Zákinthos.
REMARKS. – ARCANGELI (1952a) has synonymized A. obenbergeri Frankenberger, 1941 with
A. cephalonicum and reported this species from Albania. There is, however, the suspicion
that A. obenbergeri is a separate species and that the specimens from Albania belong to
the latter.
Armadillidium cetinjense Strouhal, 1927
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1927 (figs.), 1928b, 1939e; VANDEL 1948f; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN
1966b.
DISTR. – Yugoslavia: Montenegro.
Armadillidium chazaliei Dollfus, 1896
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896b; ARCANGELI 1924a.
DISTR. – Western Sahara (former Rio de Oro): Cap Blanc.
REMARKS. – This may be an introduced European species. The record of this species in
Libya (ARCANGELI 1924a) seems to be a misidentification, since ARCANGELI mistook the
type locality with a place in Tunisia.
Armadillidium cinereum (Zenker, 1798) = nomen dubium (frequently used name for A. vulgare)
Armadillidium clausi Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d.
DISTR. – Greece: Peloponnese (Navplio).
REMARKS. – This species could be synonymous with A. argolicum Verhoeff, 1907, but
certainly not with A. granulatum, as suggested by STROUHAL 1929a.
Armadillidium clavigerum Verhoeff, 1928
SYN. – A. carniolense c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c, 1931b; SCHMÖLZER 1952a, 1965b; ARCANGELI 1954c; MANICASTRI &
TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central eastern Italy.
27
REMARKS. – The species is not a synonym of A. anconanum as suggested by ARCANGELI

1954c, but it could be identical with A. rupium (see MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994).
Armadillidium coeculum Silvestri, 1897 = Paraschizidium c.
Armadillidium commutatum Brandt, 1833 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium conspersum Zaddach, 1844 = A. opacum
Armadillidium corcyraeum Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – A. graecorum, odysseum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1902; STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1938b, 1966a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1981b (figs.), 1985a, 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian islands Kérkira, Paxí and Lefkáda (not Kefaloniá and Zákinthos)
and northwestern mainland.
REMARKS. – A. simile Strouhal, 1937 is not synonymous with A. corcyraeum as suggested
by SCHMALFUSS 1985b.
Armadillidium cruzi Garcia, 2003
BIBL. – GARCIA 2003 (figs.).
Armadillidium cythereium Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937f (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1993a; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: island Kíthira south of Peloponnese.
REMARKS. – Seems to be conspecific with A. laconicum.
Armadillidium dalmaticum Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Croatia: central Dalmatia.
Armadillidium davidi Dollfus, 1887 = Schizidium d.
Armadillidium decipiens Brandt, 1833 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium decorum Brandt, 1833
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1930a; ARCANGELI 1934e, 1960c (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1968b; VANDEL 1969c; CARUSO 1973a, 1973c, 1982a; CARUSO &
BRISOLESE 1974; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1976; CARUSO & BRANDMAYR 1983; CARUSO et alii
1987; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Sicily and surrounding islands, Calabria; Tunisia; ?Egypt.
Armadillidium degneri Strouhal, 1937 = A. badium
Armadillidium delattini Verhoeff, 1943
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – European Turkey: north coast of Sea of Marmara.
Armadillidium depressum Brandt, 1833
SYN. – A. gerstaeckeri, Armadillidum [sic] virescens
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1901d, 1907a, 1930a, 1932b, 1933b,
1936b, 1938c, 1951a; ARCANGELI 1914b, 1926a, 1935a, 1948b, 1956a, 1960c; COLLINGE
1942b; VANDEL 1947a, 1962b (figs.); LEGRAND 1953b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; AMANIEU 1969;
HOLDICH 1984 (figs.); HARDING & SUTTON 1985; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; TAITI & FERRARA
1989c, 1995b; CAODURO et alii 1994; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995; TAITI
& FERRARA 1995b; TAITI & HARDING 1995; WOUTERS et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Great Britain; Belgium; Atlantic coast of France; southern France; Italy.
Armadillidium djebalensis Vandel, 1958
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Northern Morocco: Djebel Dersa south of Tetouan.
Armadillidium dollfusi Verhoeff, 1902
SYN. – A. carniolense vandeli, opacum d.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a; ARCANGELI 1954c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA
1989c, 1995b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NW-Italy.
REMARKS. – The record of this species from Slovenia (POTOČNIK 1979) seems to be a
misidentification of A. carniolense.
Armadillidium ehrenbergii Brandt, 1833 = nomen dubium
REMARKS. – The types of this species from Egypt are lost, so it will remain a nomen
dubium. It could be a synonym of A. fallax (see BUDDE-LUND 1885: 65, 1909b).
Armadillidium elbanum Verhoeff, 1931 = A. assimile (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1978b)
Armadillidium elysii Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936a (figs.); GUEORGUIEV & BERON 1962; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965c;
ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Armadillidium emmae Strouhal, 1937 = A. insulanum
Armadillidium ephesiacum Strouhal, 1927 = A. ameglioi
Armadillidium epirense Strouhal, 1956 = A. janinense
Armadillidium epiroticum Strouhal, 1956
SYN. – A. jonicum e.
DISTR. – NW-Greece: Ípiros.
28
REMARKS. – According to the morphological differences epiroticum should, in my view, be

considered as a separate species and not as a subspecies of jonicum, as suggested in the
original description.
Armadillidium espanyoli Cruz, 1990
BIBL. – CRUZ 1990 (figs.), 1991a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern Spain and Balearic Islands.
Armadillidium esterelanum Dollfus, 1887
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887a; TUA 1900; VERHOEFF 1928c, 1931b; VANDEL 1948f, 1962b (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1996 (p. 522).
DISTR. – Southern France.
Armadillidium etruriae Ferrara & Taiti, 1978
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1989c, 1995b; ARGANO
et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: SW-Tuscany.
Armadillidium euphrati Vandel, 1980 = Schizidium davidi
Armadillidium euxinum Verhoeff, 1929
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1929a.
DISTR. – Bulgarian coast of Black Sea.
Armadillidium fallax Brandt, 1833
SYN. – A. halophilum, hemprichii, rehobotense
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909b; DOLLFUS 1892e, 1894, 1905; VERHOEFF
1917a, 1923, 1928c; ARCANGELI 1936a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965a; STROUHAL
1968c; SCHMALFUSS 1989e (figs.), 1998b; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998; WARBURG &
HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Coasts of Cyprus, Israel and Egypt.
Armadillidium festai Dollfus, 1894 = Schizidium f.
Armadillidium ficalbii Arcangeli, 1911
SYN. – A. carniolense f., simoni gigas
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1911, 1914b, 1931d, 1954c (figs.); VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium fissum Budde-Lund, 1885 = Schizidium f.
Armadillidium flavoscutatum Strouhal, 1927
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1927 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Northern Albania.
REMARKS. – This species has only been found in Albania, not in Montenegro, as claimed by
KARAMAN 1966b.
Armadillidium florentinum Verhoeff, 1902 = A. sordidum (compare VERHOEFF 1908c)
Armadillidium fossuligerum Verhoeff, 1902
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a; STROUHAL 1929a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1981b (figs.),
1985b, 2000b.
DISTR. – Central Greece: Timfristós and Parnassós Mountains.
Armadillidium frontemarginatum Strouhal, 1927
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1927 (figs.), 1929a, 1936b (figs.), 1956; ARCANGELI 1936b; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1999, 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian islands Lefkáda, Meganísi, Kálamos, Kefaloniá, Zákinthos.
Armadillidium frontesignum Verhoeff, 1901 = A. frontirostre
Armadillidium frontetriangulum Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1902, 1907a; STROUHAL 1936b (figs.), 1966a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1981b (figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: NW, Ípiros; Ionian islands Kérkira (= Corfu) and Kefaloniá.
Armadillidium frontexcavatum Verhoeff, 1931 = A. furcatum
Armadillidium frontirostre Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. frontesignum, frontisignum, pallasii f., pallasi garganum
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1901d, 1902, 1907a; STROUHAL 1928b (figs.), 1937e,
1966a; ARCANGELI 1952h; SCHMÖLZER 1954, 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; BIWER 1961a; BÜRGIS
1991–1992; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (A. pallasii); ARGANO et alii 1995 (A. pallasii);
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Coasts of the Adriatic Sea (Italy, Dalmatia, Albania, south to Greek island Kérkira).
Armadillidium frontisignum Verhoeff, 1901 = A. frontirostre
Armadillidium fruxgalii Verhoeff, 1900 = Echinarmadillidium f.
Armadillidium furcatum Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. carniolense frontexcavatum, frontexcavatum
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1914b, 1929c, 1935a, 1954c (figs.), 1956a; VERHOEFF
1931b (figs.), 1933b (figs.); STROUHAL 1937e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1986a
(figs., map); ARGANO et alii 1995; JEPPESEN 2000.
Armadillidium galiciense Schmölzer, 1955
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1955a (figs.), 1971.
29
DISTR. – NW-Spain.
Armadillidium garumnicum Verhoeff, 1907 = A. pictum
Armadillidium germanicum Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1902, 1907a, 1934a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1940c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1952a (figs.), 1953c, 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy.
Armadillidium gerstaeckeri Verhoeff, 1901 = A. depressum (compare VERHOEFF 1907a)
Armadillidium gestroi Tua, 1900
SYN. – A. quadriseriatum
BIBL. – TUA 1900; VERHOEFF 1908c, 1910, 1932b, 1936b; ARCANGELI 1910b (figs.), 1914b,
1927d; VANDEL 1962b (p. 791); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium ghardalamensis Caruso & Hili, 1991
BIBL. – CARUSO & HILI 1991 (figs.); LOMBARDO & VIGLIANISI 2002.
DISTR. – Malta.
Armadillidium globosum Vogl, 1876 = nomen dubium
Armadillidium graecorum Verhoeff, 1907 = A. corcyraeum
Armadillidium grandinatum Budde-Lund, 1885 = A. granulatum
Armadillidium granulatum Brandt, 1833
SYN. – A. grandinatum, insulanum kigatense (types investigated), lusitanum, morbillosum,
naupliense, pellegrinense, tunetanum, Armadillo morbillosus
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; KOCH, C. 1841; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a, 1908c,
1943b; RACOVITZA 1907b (figs.); STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1966a; ANGELINI 1935; ARCANGELI
1952a; VANDEL 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; KARAMAN 1966b; CHAMBOREDON et
alii 1970; SCHMALFUSS 1972b (figs.), 1975a, 1975b (except A. cythereium, insulanum,
kalamium, laconicum), 1978b, 1983c, 1984b, 2000b (map); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b,
1989c, 1996; CARUSO et alii 1987; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993, 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995;
LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Atlantic coasts of Bretagne (France) and Portugal; Mediterranean coasts east to
Libya and western Turkey; southern coast of Black Sea.
Armadillidium granulatum peloponnesiacum Verhoeff, 1901 = A. peloponnesiacum
Armadillidium granum Dollfus, 1892 = Schizidium davidi
Armadillidium grubei Zaddach, 1844 = A. pictum
Armadillidium guttatum (C. Koch, 1841) = A. klugii
Armadillidium halophilum Dollfus, 1905 = A. fallax
Armadillidium hauseni Schmalfuss, 1985
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1985a (figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian island Paxí.
Armadillidium hemprichii Brandt, 1833 = A. fallax (compare BUDDE-LUND 1885: 65)
Armadillidium herzegowinense Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Hercegovina.
Armadillidium hessei Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: Split.
Armadillidium hirtum Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1908c; ARCANGELI 1934e, 1957e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
VANDEL 1969c; CARUSO & BRANDMAYR 1983; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995;
CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1995; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Sicily and the island Lampione south of Sicily.
Armadillidium holtzi Strouhal, 1929 = A. janinense
Armadillidium humectum Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937a (figs.), 1956 (figs.), 1966a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1999,
2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian islands Kérkira, Lefkáda and Zákinthos.
Armadillidium humile Strouhal, 1936
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1936b (figs.), 1939i (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1999, 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian islands Kefaloniá and Zákinthos.
Armadillidium hungaricum Csiki, 1926 = nomen dubium
Armadillidium hybridum Budde-Lund, 1896 = Schizidium h.
Armadillidium hydrense Strouhal, 1937 = A. argolicum
Armadillidium inflatum Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1981b (figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: “Epirus”.
Armadillidium insulanum Verhoeff, 1907
SYN. – A. emmae, lemnium, samothracium, scyrium
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a, 1943b; STROUHAL 1929a, 1929c (figs.), 1937g (figs.), 1939c;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1981b (figs.), 1985b (figs.), 1999, 2000b; SFENTHOURAKIS
1996b.
30
DISTR. – Greece: north and central Aegean islands.

Armadillidium insulanum kigatense Verhoeff, 1943 (n. syn., types examined) = A. granulatum
Armadillidium irmengardae Strouhal, 1956
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1956 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Northwestern Greek mainland.
Armadillidium janinense Verhoeff, 1902
SYN. – A. epirense, holtzi
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1930c (figs.); STROUHAL 1929c (figs.), 1956 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1981b, 1985b, 2000b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b.
DISTR. – Northwestern Greek mainland.
REMARKS. – A. storkani Frankenberger, 1941 from the western part of former Yugoslavian
Macedonia is probably also a synonym of A. janinense.
Armadillidium jaqueti Dollfus, 1897
BIBL. – DOLLFUS in JAQUET & DOLLFUS 1897; DEMIANOWICZ 1934 (figs.); RADU, V. G. 1945;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Romania.
Armadillidium jonicum Strouhal, 1927
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1927 (figs.), 1929a, 1936b, 1937a (figs.), 1956 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
DISTR. – Greece: northwestern mainland and Ionian islands Lefkáda, Kálamos and
Kefaloniá.
REMARKS. – It is open to debate whether A. jonicum leucadium Strouhal, 1937a and A.
jonicum epiroticum Strouhal, 1956 are subspecies or separate species. The latter is here
considered a separate species.
Armadillidium justi Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937a (figs.), 1956 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian islands Lefkáda, Meganísi and Kálamos.
Armadillidium kalamatense Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; STROUHAL 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982a (figs.),
2000b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b.
DISTR. – Greece: northern and southern Peloponnese.
Armadillidium kalamium Strouhal, 1956
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian island Kálamos.
Armadillidium klaptoczi Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908d, 1928d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1924a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Libya: Tripoli.
Armadillidium klugii Brandt, 1833
SYN. – A. guttatum, Armadillo guttatus
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; KOCH, C. 1841; STEIN 1859; VOGL 1896 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885;
VERHOEFF 1902; ARCANGELI 1926a, 1932m; STROUHAL 1928b, 1929a; FRANKENBERGER 1941b;
VANDEL 1946a (figs.), ?1967a; ARCANGELI 1952a; LEVI 1965; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN
1966b; LUEKEN 1966a, 1971.
DISTR. – Coastal regions of former southern Yugoslavia; Albania. The records from Bulgaria
(VANDEL 1967a) seem to refer to a different species.
Armadillidium kochi Dollfus, 1887
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887a.
DISTR. – Hungary.
REMARKS. – The species has been described without any figures and since then has never
been identified again.
Armadillidium kossuthi Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Naples.
Armadillidium laconicum Strouhal, 1938
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Greece: southeastern Peloponnese.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with A. cythereium.
Armadillidium lagrecai Vandel, 1969
BIBL. – VANDEL 1969c (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987;
LOMBARDO & VIGLIANISI 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sicily.
Armadillidium laminigerum Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; ?ARCANGELI 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982a (figs.),
2000b.
DISTR. – Central Greece. The record from Albania (ARCANGELI 1952a) needs confirmation,
the record from Croatia (ROGENHOFER 1908; KARAMAN 1966b) certainly is a
misidentification.
Armadillidium lanzai Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
31
DISTR. – Corsica. The record of this species from an islet near Sardinia (ARGANO &
MANICASTRI 1991) is a misidentification (see TAITI & FERRARA 1996).
Armadillidium lemnium Strouhal, 1937 = A. insulanum (compare SCHMALFUSS 1985b)
Armadillidium littorale Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
DISTR. – Corsica.
Armadillidium lobocurvum Verhoeff, 1902
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902; STROUHAL 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982a (figs.),
1982b, 1985b (figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: southern mainland and northern Peloponnese.
Armadillidium luctuosum (C. Koch, 1841) = nomen dubium
Armadillidium luridum Verhoeff, 1907 = A. peloponnesiacum
Armadillidium lusitanum Verhoeff, 1907 = A. granulatum (compare VERHOEFF 1910: 124)
Armadillidium lymberakisi Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004
BIBL. – LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003 (as Armadillidium n. sp.); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs.,
map).
DISTR. – Greece: western Crete.
Armadillidium maccagnoae Arcangeli, 1960
DISTR. – Italy: Calabria.
Armadillidium maculatum Risso, 1816
SYN. – A. trianguliferum, willii, Armadillo willii
BIBL. – RISSO 1816; KOCH, C. 1844; VERHOEFF 1932b; VANDEL 1948f, 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
DISTR. – SE-France and NW-Italy.
Armadillidium maculatum carniolense Verhoeff, 1901 = A. carniolense
Armadillidium mareoticum Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Egypt.
Armadillidium marinense Verhoeff, 1902
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a, 1928c, 1931b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium marinensium Verhoeff, 1928
SYN. – A. carniolense m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1952a, 1965b; ARCANGELI 1954c; MANICASTRI &
TAITI 1994 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: San Luis Potosí Marino. The record from south of Firenze (SCHMÖLZER 1952a)
needs confirmation.
Armadillidium marmoratum Strouhal, 1929
SYN. – A. rhodium
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929c (figs.), 1936b, 1937a, 1937g; ARCANGELI 1914a (“zenckeri”), 1922a
(“zenckeri”), 1934a (“arcangelii”), 1937a (“arcangelii”); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS
1972a (“arcangelii”), 1972b (“arcangelii”), 1981a, 1998b, 1999, 2000b; SCHMALFUSS &
SCHAWALLER 1984; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999; SCHMALFUSS et alii
2004.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian and Aegean islands; northern Aegean coast; Turkey: Bosporus;
Cyprus; Israel; Egypt.
REMARKS. – The species was misidentified as A. zenckeri by ARCANGELI 1914a and 1922a
and later on identified as A. arcangelii, which is a synanthropic species in Italy and very
similar to but probably not identical with A. marmoratum. STROUHAL (1937g) called the
species recorded from Ródos island by ARCANGELI “A. rhodium nom. nov.” which is a
nomen nudum.
Armadillidium marmoreum (C. Koch, 1841) = A. vulgare
Armadillidium marmorivagum Verhoeff, 1934
SYN. – A. tirolense m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1934a; ARCANGELI 1940c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: province Brescia.
REMARKS. – ARCANGELI considered marmorivagum a subspecies of tirolense, but his
illustrations of both species show clear differences so they are here treated as separate
species.
Armadillidium mateui Vandel, 1953
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953h (figs.), 1954e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CIFUENTES 1984.
DISTR. – Northern Spain.
Armadillidium medium (C. Koch, 1841) = nomen dubium
Armadillidium mehelyi Verhoeff, 1930 = A. nasatum
Armadillidium messenicum Verhoeff, 1902
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902; STROUHAL 1937a, 1938b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982a (figs.),
2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: SW-Peloponnese.
32
Armadillidium mohamedanicum Verhoeff, 1929

BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c, 1929a, 1941a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – European Turkey: coast of Dardanelles.
Armadillidium morbillosum (C. Koch, 1841) = A. granulatum
Armadillidium muricatum Budde-Lund, 1885 = Cristarmadillidium m.
Armadillidium mycenaeum Strouhal, 1937 = A. argolicum
Armadillidium narentanum Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; STROUHAL 1927; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia; Bosnia.
Armadillidium nasatum Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. mehelyi, nasutum, quadrifrons, sorrentinum, speyeri
Descr., figs., syst.: STROUHAL 1928b; MEINERTZ 1934; ARCANGELI 1934e, 1950a; VANDEL 1962b,
1969c; GRUNER 1966a; JEPPESEN 2000.
Morph.: LUEKEN 1971; RISLER 1976; HOESE 1984d.
Mol. biol.: MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000; MATTERN 2003.
Cuticle, molt: BÖHM & EIBISCH 1976.
Physiol.: BECKER-CARUS 1966, 1967.
Genet.: VANDEL 1945b; LUEKEN 1966a, 1971; ADAMKEWICZ 1969.
Sex det.: LUEKEN 1962, 1966c; JUCHAULT & LEGRAND 1989.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1962b; LUEKEN 1963; BEYER 1965; GRUNER 1966a; GLAZIER et alii 2003.
Ontog.: GOODRICH 1939.
Sense organs: RISLER 1976.
Behav.: HOESE & SCHNEIDER 1990.
Ecol.: VANDEL 1962b; REICHLE 1967; GANTER 1984.
Distr.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); FARKAS & VADKERTI
2002 (H) ; SAITO et alii 2000 (Japan) ; WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – In Italy, France, northern Spain, the Netherlands and southern England
autochthonous, synanthropic in northern and eastern Europe, introduced in North
America.
Armadillidium nasatum calabricum Verhoeff, 1908 = A. calabricum
Armadillidium nasatum montischristi Arcangeli, 1936 = A. argentarium (compare FERRARA &
TAITI 1978b)
Armadillidium nasutum = A. nasatum
Armadillidium naupliense Verhoeff, 1902 = A. granulatum
Armadillidium naxium Verhoeff, 1901 = nomen dubium
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1902, 1907a; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937g.
REMARKS. – See under A. ameglioi.
Armadillidium niger Kortshagin, 1887
BIBL. – KORTSHAGIN 1887; BORUTZKY 1972b.
DISTR. – Black Sea: Abkhazia, Sukhumi.
REMARKS. – Probably this species is a synonym of A. vulgare.
Armadillidium nitidulum Collinge, 1915 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium nitidum Wedessinow, 1894 = Somaloniscus n.
Armadillidium obenbergeri Frankenberger, 1941
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1952a (as A. cephalonicum); SCHMÖLZER
1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Albania; SW-Macedonia.
REMARKS. – ARCANGELI (1952a) has synonymized this species with A. cephalonicum,
without having seen specimens of either of these species and in spite of the distributional
gap.
Armadillidium odhneri Verhoeff, 1930
SYN. – A. peraccai o.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.), 1936c (figs.); STROUHAL 1934a (figs.); LATTIN 1939a;
ARCANGELI 1952h; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: Adriatic coast.
Armadillidium odysseum Verhoeff, 1901 = A. corcyraeum (compare SCHMALFUSS 1981b)
Armadillidium oertzenii Budde-Lund, 1896 = Schizidium o.
Armadillidium oglasae Ferrara & Taiti, 1978
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1995b.
DISTR. – Italy: island Montecristo in the Tuscan Archipelago.
Armadillidium oliveti L. Koch, 1901 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium olympiacum Strouhal, 1937 = A. tripolitzense
Armadillidium omblae Verhoeff, 1900
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900; STROUHAL 1934a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: near Dubrovnik; Montenegro: Kotor.
Armadillidium opacum (C. Koch, 1841)
SYN. – A. alpinum, conspersum, Armadillo o.
33
Orig. descr.: KOCH, C. 1841 (Armadillo o.).

Descr., figs.: SARS 1898; VANDEL 1944c, 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1919b; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Mol. biol.: MATTERN 2003.
Reprod.: VERHOEFF 1919b; MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951.
Ecol.: HEROLD 1937a; BEYER 1964; ERHARD 1992; ZIMMER & BRAUCKMANN 1997; ZIMMER et alii
1999, 2000.
Distr.: CARL 1908a (CH); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); VERHOEFF 1936b (I); PALMÉN 1946a
(SF, map); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); VANDEL 1962b ((Figs.),
overall); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); GRUNER 1966a (D, overall); KARAMAN 1966b (former
YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); ALLSPACH 1992 (D), 1996 (H);
FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); FARKAS et alii 1999 (H); FLASAROVÁ 1999 (former CS);
WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map) ; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004 (H).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1926a; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; ARGANO et alii
1995; WOUTERS et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Central Europe from central Sweden to northern Italy and from eastern France to
Croatia and Hungary.
REMARKS. – A. carniolense and A. carynthiacum from eastern Austria and Slovenia seem to
be identical with A. opacum.
Armadillidium opacum dollfusi Verhoeff, 1902 = A. dollfusi
Armadillidium opacum sordidum Dollfus, 1887 = A. sordidum
Armadillidium ormeanum Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – A. carniolense o.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b; ARCANGELI 1954c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c;
DISTR. – For sure only known from Piemonte (NW-Italy).
Armadillidium pacificum Borradaile, 1900 = nomen dubium
REMARKS. – BUDDE-LUND (1908) transferred this species with a question mark into the
synonymy of Sphaerilloides testudinalis.
Armadillidium paeninsulae Ferrara & Taiti, 1978
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1995b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: SW-Tuscany (Monte Argentario).
Armadillidium pallasii Brandt, 1833
SYN. – A. peraccai kosswigi
Orig. descr.: BRANDT 1833.
Figs.: No figs. existing.
Syst.: STROUHAL 1928b.
Anat.: BECKER-CARUS 1966; LUEKEN 1971 (A. peraccai kosswigi).
Physiol.: COENEN-STASS 1989a.
Genet.: LUEKEN 1966a (A. “peraccae”).
Reprod.: LUEKEN 1963, 1968 (A. “peraccae”).
Distr.: STROUHAL 1937g; VERHOEFF 1933c, 1936a (A. peraccai kosswigi); FRANKENBERGER 1941b;
SCHMALFUSS 2000b (map).
Bibl.: STROUHAL 1937g; ARCANGELI 1952h (A. peraccai kosswigi); SCHMALFUSS 1990b.
DISTR. – Coasts of the Black Sea (Crimea, Bulgaria), the Marmara Sea (Turkey, as A.
peraccai kosswigi) and the northeastern Aegean including islands Mitilíni (= Lésvos) and
Thásos (Stuttgart collection, not published).
REMARKS. – Comparisons of material from the northern Aegean with specimens of A.
frontirostre from the Adriatic coasts show remarkable differences, so A. frontirostre is
treated here as a separate species.
Armadillidium pallasii frontirostre Budde-Lund, 1885 = A. frontirostre
Armadillidium pallasii garganum Strouhal, 1937 = A. frontirostre
Armadillidium pallasii scaberrimum Stein, 1859 = A. scaberrimum
Armadillidium pallidum Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a, 1908c, 1908d, 1928c; ARCANGELI 1924a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Tunisia; Libya.
REMARKS. – VERHOEFF (1907a) cites this species as “Armadillidium pallidum B.-L.”. It was,
however, never described by BUDDE-LUND, so VERHOEFF’s description inside an
identification key must be considered as the original description.
Armadillidium panningi Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1954 (figs.), 1955c, 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy.
Armadillidium pardoi Vandel, 1956
BIBL. – VANDEL 1956g (figs.), 1958e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Northern Morocco: S of Melilla.
Armadillidium parvum Strouhal, 1938
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Peloponnese (Olimpia).
Armadillidium pelagicum Arcangeli, 1957
34
SYN. – A. badium p.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1957e; CARUSO et alii 1987; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1995; LOMBARDO et alii
2001 (figs.); CHARFI-CHEIKHROUHA 2003.
DISTR. – Tunisia and islands Linosa, Lampedusa, Pantelleria and Ustica.
Armadillidium pelionense Strouhal, 1928
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1928a (figs.), 1929c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Eastern central Greece: Pilion Mountains.
Armadillidium pellegrinense Verhoeff, 1908 = A. granulatum
Armadillidium peloponnesiacum Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – A. bimarginatum, granulatum p., luridum, propinquum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1902, 1907a, 1936a, 1939a; STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1929c;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982a (figs.), 1985b (map), 1999, 2000b.
DISTR. – Western, central and southern Greece including Ionian islands Lefkáda, Kefaloniá
and Zákinthos, and the Aegean islands Évia and Skíros.
Armadillidium peraccai Tua, 1900
BIBL. – TUA 1900; STROUHAL 1928b, 1934a (figs.), 1937e; ARCANGELI 1910a, 1914b, 1947a,
1952h (figs.); VERHOEFF 1930c, 1931b, 1939e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium peraccai kosswigi Verhoeff, 1933 = A. pallasii
Armadillidium peraccai odhneri Verhoeff, 1930 = A. odhneri
Armadillidium petraeum L. Koch, 1901 = nomen dubium
Armadillidium pictum Brandt, 1833
SYN. – A. garumnicum, grubei, rhenanum
Descr.: VANDEL 1962b (p. 835); GRUNER 1966a.
Figs.: SARS 1898; CARL 1908a; VERHOEFF 1919b; MEINERTZ 1934; VANDEL 1944c, 1962b; GRUNER
1966a.
Reprod.: MEINERTZ 1951.
Ecol.: MEINERTZ 1944b.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); CARL 1908a (CH); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); PALMÉN 1946a (SF, map);
HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a;
DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E), 1974b (A); HARDING & SUTTON 1985
(British Isles, map); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map);
KONTSCHÁN 2003 (H, map).
DISTR. – Europe except Mediterranean and southeastern part.
Armadillidium pilosellum Dollfus, 1896
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896b (figs.); VANDEL 1955e.
Armadillidium pilulare Stuxberg, 1875 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium ponalense Verhoeff, 1934
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1934a; ARCANGELI 1936b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Riva.
REMARKS. – ARCANGELI (1940c) considers this species a synonym of A. tirolense, without
having seen the material and without discussion.
Armadillidium portofinense Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908c, 1910, 1931b, 1932b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium pretusi Cruz, 1990
BIBL. – CRUZ 1990 (figs.); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
Armadillidium propinquum Strouhal, 1929 = A. peloponnesiacum
Armadillidium pruvoti Racovitza, 1907 = Alloschizidium p. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1996)
Armadillidium pseudassimile Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscan Archipelago, island Capraia.
Armadillidium pseudovulgare Verhoeff, 1902
SYN. – A. veluchiense
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a, 1936a; STROUHAL 1929a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1975b,
1982a (figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Central Greece: Timfristós Mountains.
Armadillidium pubescens Strouhal, 1956 = Trichodillidium p.
Armadillidium pujetanum Verhoeff, 1910 = A. simoni
Armadillidium pulchellum (Zenker, 1798)
SYN. – Armadillo maculatus, Oniscus p.
Orig. descr.: ZENKER 1798 (Oniscus p.).
Descr.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Figs.: SARS 1898; CARL 1908a; MEINERTZ 1934; HOLTHUIS 1956; FRANKENBERGER 1959; VANDEL
1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
35
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.

Reprod.: MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; LUEKEN 1963.
Ecol.: CARL 1908a, 1911; MEINERTZ 1944b; ZIMMER et alii 1999, 2000.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); CARL 1908a (CH); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); PALMÉN 1946a (SF);
FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); VANDEL 1962b ((Figs.)); GRUNER 1966a (D); DOMINIAK
1970b (PL, map); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); SUTTON & HARDING 1989
(total distr., map); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; WOUTERS et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Europe except the Mediterranean and southeastern regions.
Armadillidium pustulatum (Duméril, 1816) = nomen dubium
Armadillidium quadrifrons Stoller, 1902 = A. nasatum
Armadillidium quadriseriatum Verhoeff, 1908 = A. gestroi (compare VERHOEFF 1910: 123)
Armadillidium quadristrigatum seems to be “printing mistake” for A. quadriseriatum (see
VERHOEFF 1931b: 497)
Armadillidium quinquepustulatum Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMIDT
2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – SE-France.
REMARKS. – The records of POTOČNIK (1979, 1989) seem to be misidentifications.
Armadillidium quinqueseriatum Verhoeff, 1901 = A. versicolor
Armadillidium racovitzai Vandel, 1954 = Alloschizidium r. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1996)
Armadillidium rehobotense Verhoeff, 1917 = A. fallax
Armadillidium rhenanum Verhoeff, 1917 = A. pictum
Armadillidium rhodium Strouhal, 1937 = A. marmoratum
Armadillidium rhodopinum Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Bulgaria.
Armadillidium riparium L. Koch, 1901 = nomen dubium
Armadillidium rojanum Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Armadillidium rosai Arcangeli, 1913
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1913; VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.), 1932b, 1936b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et
alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: province Bergamo.
Armadillidium ruffoi Arcangeli, 1940
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1940c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CAODURO et alii 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: province Verona.
Armadillidium rupium Verhoeff, 1928
SYN. – A. carniolense r.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c (figs.); ARCANGELI 1954c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: San Luis Potosí Marino.
REMARKS. – According to MANICASTRI & TAITI (1994) this species is probably conspecific
with A. clavigerum.
Armadillidium samium Strouhal, 1929 = A. ameglioi
Armadillidium samothracium Strouhal, 1937 = A. insulanum
Armadillidium sanctum Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892c (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1909b.
DISTR. – Northern Egypt.
Armadillidium savonense Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – A. carniolense s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.), 1936b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1954c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et
alii 1995.
Armadillidium saxivagum Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1930c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: Split; Bosnia: Mostar.
Armadillidium scaberrimum Stein, 1859
SYN. – A. pallasii s.
BIBL. – STEIN 1859; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a, 1908c; ROGENHOFER 1915;
STROUHAL 1927, 1928b (figs.), 1939e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Italy: Trieste; Adriatic island Pianosa (Tremiti Islands); Croatia: Adriatic coast and
islands.
Armadillidium scabrum Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: Sevilla.
Armadillidium schellenbergi Strouhal, 1929 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium schmalfussi Caruso & Lombardo, 1982
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982 (figs.); CARUSO et alii 1987.
36
DISTR. – Maltese Islands.

Armadillidium schoeblii Verhoeff, 1907 = A. carniolense
Armadillidium schulzi Strouhal, 1929 = A. bicurvatum
Armadillidium scyrium Strouhal, 1929 = A. insulanum
Armadillidium serrai Cruz & Dalens, 1990
BIBL. – CRUZ & DALENS 1990 (figs.); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Balearic Islands: Menorca.
Armadillidium serratum Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. spinosum
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1925b; VANDEL 1941b, 1958c, 1961, 1962b (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1955c, 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – NE-Spain and adjacent part of southern France (Tech valley). Not on Balearic
island Menorca (see GARCIA & CRUZ 1996, under A. serrai).
Armadillidium siculorum Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – A. badium s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908c, 1928c, 1931b, 1933b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1970b (figs.);
VANDEL 1969c; CARUSO & COSTA 1974; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995; LOMBARDO
et alii 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Sicily.
Armadillidium silvestrii Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b, 1933b; STROUHAL 1934a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b
(figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscany (Massoncello) and island Elba.
Armadillidium simile Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937a (figs.), 1966a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian island Kérkira (= Korfu).
REMARKS. – A. simile is not identical with A. corcyraeum, as it was claimed by SCHMALFUSS
1985b.
Armadillidium simoni Dollfus, 1887
SYN. – A. pujetanum
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887a; TUA 1900; VERHOEFF 1910, 1928c, 1931b, 1932b, 1933b, 1936b;
ARCANGELI 1914b, 1926a; VANDEL 1946b, 1948(figs.), 1962b (figs., map); ARCANGELI 1950c
(figs.), 1954c; SCHMÖLZER 1954, 1965b; CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970.
Armadillidium simoni assimile Budde-Lund, 1885 = A. assimile
Armadillidium simoni carniolense Verhoeff, 1901 = A. carniolense
Armadillidium simoni cavannai Arcangeli, 1960 = A. cavannai
Armadillidium simoni gigas Verhoeff, 1931 = A. ficalbii (compare ARCANGELI 1954c)
Armadillidium sorattinum Verhoeff, 1951 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium sordidum Dollfus, 1887
SYN. – A. florentinum, opacum s., steinboecki
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887a; VERHOEFF 1902, 1908c, 1931b, 1932b, 1951a; ARCANGELI 1931d,
1954c (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.),
1986a; ARGANO & PESCE 1975; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – SE-France; Corsica; Sardinia; NW-Italy.
Armadillidium sorrentinum Verhoeff, 1908 = A. nasatum
Armadillidium speyeri Jackson, 1923 = A. nasatum
Armadillidium spinosum Schmölzer, 1955 = A. serratum (compare VANDEL 1962b: 776)
Armadillidium stagnoense Verhoeff, 1902
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a; ROGENHOFER 1915 (figs.); STROUHAL 1939e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: Dalmatian coast and islands between Split and Dubrovnik.
Armadillidium steinboecki Verhoeff, 1931 = A. sordidum
Armadillidium steindachneri Strouhal, 1927
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1927 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: Metković.
Armadillidium stolikanum Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982a (figs.), 2000b.
DISTR. – Western central Greece.
Armadillidium storkani Frankenberger, 1941
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Macedonia (former Yugoslavia): S Ohrid.
REMARKS. – Could be identical with A. janinense.
Armadillidium strinatii Vandel, 1961
BIBL. – VANDEL 1961 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
Armadillidium stygium Verhoeff, 1900 = Troglarmadillidium s.
Armadillidium subdentatum Haswell, 1882 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium sulcatum Milne-Edwards, 1840
37
BIBL. – MILNE-EDWARDS 1840; LUCAS 1849 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885 (partim); DOLLFUS 1896b;
VERHOEFF 1908c, 1928c, 1931b; STROUHAL 1927; VANDEL 1955e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Armadillidium sulcatum osmanum Verhoeff, 1931 = nomen nudum
Armadillidium tabacarui Gruia, Iavorschi & Sarbu, 1994
BIBL. – GRUIA et alii 1994 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania: Movile Cave.
Armadillidium tendanum Verhoeff, 1931 = A. alassiense
Armadillidium tenebrosum (C. Koch, 1841) = nomen dubium
Armadillidium teramense Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium testudinatum (C. Koch, 1841) = nomen dubium
Armadillidium thessalorum Verhoeff, 1902 = nomen dubium (compare SCHMALFUSS 1982a)
Armadillidium tigris Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1958a; VANDEL 1960b; BORUTZKY 1972b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Madeira.
REMARKS. – VANDEL (1960b) suggests a synonymy with A. assimile.
Armadillidium tirolense Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1902, 1907a, 1932b, 1934a; ARCANGELI 1914b, 1936b, 1940c (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1952a, 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
REMARKS. – ARCANGELI (1940c) synonymizes A. petraeum, benaci and ponalense with the
present species, without having seen material and without discussing the reasons, so
detailed treatment of the issue should be awaited before accepting these synonymizations.
Armadillidium tirolense marmorivagum Verhoeff, 1934 = A. marmorivagum
Armadillidium torchiai Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
DISTR. – Corsica.
Armadillidium traiani Demianowicz, 1932
BIBL. – DEMIANOWICZ 1932 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Moldavia.
Armadillidium trebinjanum Verhoeff, 1900 = Typhlarmadillidium t.
Armadillidium trianguliferum Stein, 1859 = A. maculatum
Armadillidium tripolitzense Verhoeff, 1902
SYN. – A. olympiacum, voidiense
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1907a; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937a, 1937a (figs.), 1937b (figs.), 1938b
(figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982a (figs.), 2000b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b.
DISTR. – Greece: Peloponnese.
Armadillidium triviale Schöbl, 1861 = A. vulgare
Armadillidium tunetanum Verhoeff, 1907 = A. granulatum (compare VANDEL 1962b: 796)
Armadillidium tyrrhenum Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
Armadillidium vallombrosae Verhoeff, 1907
SYN. – A. carniolense v.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907a, 1908c, 1931b, 1928c; ARCANGELI 1954c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1995b; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Armadillidium valonae Arcangeli, 1952
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1952a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Albania.
Armadillidium variegatum Brandt, 1833 (n. syn.) = A. vulgare
REMARKS. – I have examined the types of A. variegatum (Zoological Museum Berlin) and
they proved to be A. vulgare.
Armadillidium veluchiense Verhoeff, 1902 = A. pseudovulgare
Armadillidium verhoeffi Rogenhofer, 1915
BIBL. – ROGENHOFER 1915 (figs.); STROUHAL 1927; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: southern Dalmatian islands.
Armadillidium versicolor Stein, 1859
SYN. – A. quinqueseriatum
Orig. descr.: STEIN 1859.
Descr.: STROUHAL 1939e; RADU, V. G. 1945.
Figs.: STROUHAL 1939e; RADU, V. G. 1945; FRANKENBERGER 1959; ALLSPACH 1989.
Syst.: STROUHAL 1939e.
Biochem.: TOMESCU 1972a.
Physiol.: TOMESCU & RADU 1971.
Reprod.: TOMESCU et alii 1992.
Ecol.: SZLAVECZ 1992; TOMESCU et alii 1995, 2000; TAJOVSKY 1998.
38
Distr.: ARCANGELI 1952a (Albania); STROUHAL 1948c, 1951 (A); STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954 (A);
FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); VANDEL 1965c, 1967a (BG); KARAMAN 1966b (former
YU); ANDREEV 1972 (BG); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); TOMESCU et alii 1979, 2000 (RO);
POTOČNIK 1981 (Slovenia); RADU, V. G. 1950a (RO); ALLSPACH 1989 (D), 1996 (H); KOFLER
1989 (A); SZLAVECZ 1992 (H); TOMESCU 1992 (RO); FLASAROVÁ 1994, 1995, 1996 (former
CS); TAJOVSKY 1998 (former CS); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); KONTSCHÁN 2003 (H).
Bibl.: ARCANGELI 1926a; STROUHAL 1927; VERHOEFF 1939f, 1942h; VANDEL 1948f; RADU, V. G.
1950a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; POTOČNIK 1979; FLASAROVÁ 1991.
DISTR. – Eastern Europe (southeastern Germany; Austria; former Czechoslovakia; Hungary;
former Yugoslavia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria).
Armadillidium versicolor albomarginatum Verhoeff, 1901 = A. albomarginatum
Armadillidium versluysi Strouhal, 1937
DISTR. – Central Greece: Delfí.
Armadillidium virescens Collinge, 1942 = A. depressum
Armadillidium vizzavonense Verhoeff, 1928 = A. assimile (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1996: 522)
Armadillidium voidiense Strouhal, 1937 = A. tripolitzense
Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804)
SYN. – Armadillidium affine, armeniense, brevicaudatum, commutatum, decipiens,
marmoreum, nitidulum, oliveti, pilulare, schellenbergi, sorattinum, subdentatum, triviale,
variegatum, Armadillo ater, convexus, marmoreus, pilularis, pustulatus, trivialis,
variegatus, v.
Orig. descr.: LATREILLE 1804 (Armadillo v.).
Descr., figs.: SARS 1898; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMALFUSS 1990b.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; CARL 1908a; VAN NAME 1936; GREEN 1961; VANDEL 1962b;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; GRUNER 1966a; LEHTINEN & HOLTHUIS 1995; LEHTINEN 1996; TAVARES, M.,
POORE, G. & WILLIAMS, A. 1996; INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE
1998.
Phyl.: MATTERN 2003.
Fossil: DALENS & BOUTHIER 1985.
Morph.: JACKSON 1928a; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930a, 1930b; MÖDLINGER 1931; UNWIN 1932;
VANDEL 1943, 1954e; GRUNER 1953; LUEKEN 1971; HOESE 1981, 1982a, 1984d, 1989;
SCHMALFUSS 1984b, 1998a; HOESE & JANSSEN 1989; LEWIS 1991b.
Anat.: ANGELINI 1935; SILÉN 1954a; PATANÈ & GIUFRIDA 1962; CICERO 1964; LUEKEN 1971;
CASTRUCCI & MENDES 1975; LANE 1977; HOWARD 1981; PALACKAL et alii 1984; STORCH 1984;
KATAKURA 1991; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001; SUZUKI 2001.
Cytol., ultrastr.: VERNON et alii 1974; REGER et alii 1979; CORUZZI et alii 1982.
Nervous system: MATSUMOTO 1959; NIIDA et alii 1990, 1991; NIIDA et alii 1998.
Cuticle, molt: COLLINGE 1945b; PATANÈ 1951; CICERO 1964; LAGARRIGUE 1968; LAWLOR 1976a;
HOLDICH 1984; ANSENNE et alii 1988; ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997.
Glands: GORVETT 1951; STEVENSON 1961; LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1970b.
Respir.: EDNEY & SPENCER 1955.
Physiol.: SPENCER & EDNEY 1954; PATANÈ & GIUFRIDA 1962; EDNEY 1964b; LINDQUIST 1968,
1971, 1972b; LINDQUIST et alii 1972; SEVILLA & LAGARRIGUE 1974; KATAKURA et alii 1989;
PICAUD 1976; HUSAIN & ALIKHAN 1979b; TAKEDA 1980; ALIKHAN 1983, 1984; SOUTY-GROSSET
& JUCHAULT 1987; COENEN-STASS 1989a; PICAUD et alii 1989; TAKEDA & MIZUNO 1989;
MARTIN et alii 1990, 1998; SUZUKI et alii 1990; SUZUKI & YAMASAKI 1991b; CAREFOOT et alii
1991; HASEGAWA, HAINO-FUKUSHIMA & KATAKURA 1991; HASEGAWA, KATAKURA & HAINO-
FUKUSHIMA 1991; NEGISHI & HASEGAWA 1991; TAKEDA 1991; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998.
Genet.: HOWARD 1938, 1939, 1940, 1942, 1953, 1958; LUEKEN 1966a; BECK & PRICE 1981,
1985; RIGAUD et alii 1999.
Sex det.: VANDEL 1939d, 1939g, 1940d, 1941a, 1945b; TAKEWAKI & NAKAMURA 1944; KATAKURA
1959, 1960, 1961a, 1961b, 1967, 1984, 1986; HOWARD 1962; LUEKEN 1962; BECKER-CARUS
1966, 1967; JUCHAULT & LEGRAND 1970, 1976, 1978, 1981a, 1981b, 1985, 1986, 1989;
LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1970b, 1984; TERADA & OSHIMA 1970; JUCHAULT et alii 1974, 1978,
1980a, 1980b, 1981, 1992, 1993; HASEGAWA & KATAKURA 1981, 1983; JASSEM et alii 1981;
KATAKURA & HASEGAWA 1983; RIGAUD et alii 1991a, 1991b, 1992; SUZUKI & YAMASAKI
1991a, 1995, 1997, 1998; RIGAUD & JUCHAULT 1992, 1993; SOUTY-GROSSET et alii 1992;
SUZUKI 1999.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1941c; HOWARD 1943, 1980; HATCHETT 1947; BAN 1950; DALENS 1962; LUEKEN
1963; LAWLOR 1976a, 1976b; JUCHAULT et alii 1980d, 1981; MOCQUARD et alii 1984, 1989;
JASSEM et alii 1982a, 1982b; BRODY et alii 1983; BRODY & LAWLOR 1984; MOCQUARD &
JUCHAULT 1985; SOUTY-GROSSET et alii 1988; SUZUKI & YAMASAKI 1989; BOUCHON 1991;
HORNUNG 1991; JASSEM et alii 1991; SOUTY-GROSSET et alii 1991, 1994; TOMESCU et alii 1992;
CAUBET et alii 1998; SOUTY-GROSSET et alii 1998; LEFEBVRE & CAUBET 1999; GLAZIER et alii
2003; NASRI et alii 2001.
Pop. dyn.: SORENSEN & BURKETT 1977; DAVIS 1984; PAVESE 1987; SZLAVECZ 1988; HORNUNG
1991.
39
Ontog.: HATCHETT 1947; LAWLOR 1976a.

Sense organs: HOESE 1989; SCHNEIDER & GLASS 1993.
Behav.: CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1951; WATANABE & IWATA 1956; PARIS 1965; KUPFERMANN 1966;
WARBURG 1968a; SMITH & LARIMER 1979; ILOSVAY 1982b, 1983; REFINETTI 1984; TAKEDA
1984; HASSALL et alii 1992; TUCK & HASSALL 2004.
Life history: HEELEY 1941a; PARIS & PITELKA 1962; MILLER & CAMERON 1983; SUTTON et alii
1984.
Nutr.: BIWER 1961a; HUBBELL et alii 1965; PARIS & SIKORA 1965, 1967; REICHLE 1967; MERRIAM
1971; EDNEY et alii 1974; RUSHTON & HASSALL 1983a, 1983b, 1987; HASSALL & RUSHTON
1984; STORCH 1984; HASSALL et alii 1987; GRÜNWALD 1988; SZLAVECZ & MAIORANA 1991;
HASSALL & DANGERFIELD 1997.
Heavy metal: TOMITA et alii 1992.
Symbionts: MATTHES 1950, 1986.
Ecol.: PIERCE 1907; BARLOW & KUENEN 1953; BEYER 1958, 1964; VAGO et alii 1970; HUBBELL
1971; DAVIS et alii 1977; HASSALL & SUTTON 1978; COLE & MORRIS 1980; FEDERICI 1980,
1984; AL-DABBAGH & BLOCK 1981; MOORE, J. 1983; DAVIS 1984; GANTER 1984; ANTHOLZ &
WEIDEMANN 1985; PANIKOW et alii 1985; MILLER & CAMERON 1987; DANGERFIELD 1989;
HASSALL & DANGERFIELD 1989; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; ALLSPACH & SZLAVECZ 1990; BÜRGIS
1991–1992; HORSTMANN & BÜRGIS 1991; HASSALL & DAVIS 1992; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b;
SASTRODIHARDJO & VAN STRAALEN 1993; TOMESCU et alii 1995; ZIMMER et alii 2000.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); CARL 1908a (CH); VERHOEFF 1942(figs.); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); VANDEL
1962b; MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); GRUNER 1966a; KARAMAN 1969b (former YU);
SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (GB, map); CARUSO et alii 1987 (Sicily,
Malta, map); FLASAROVÁ 1991 (Bohemia, map); TOMESCU 1992 (RO); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998
(H, map); SAITO et alii 2000 (Japan); SCHMALFUSS 2000b (GR, map); WOUTERS et alii 2000
(B, map); GREEN et alii 2002 (Australia).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Autochthonous in the Mediterranean region, by human activities introduced to all
parts of the world.
Armadillidium werneri Strouhal, 1927
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1927 (figs.), 1929a, 1937b, 1956, 1966a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian island Kérkira (= Korfu).
Armadillidium willii (C. Koch, 1844) = A. maculatum
Armadillidium xerovunense Strouhal, 1956
DISTR. – NW-Greece.
Armadillidium zangherii Arcangeli, 1923
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1923d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Forlì.
Armadillidium zenckeri Brandt, 1833
SYN. – A. brunneum
Orig. descr.: BRANDT 1833
Descr., figs.: VERHOEFF 1919a; GRUNER 1966a.
Nutr.: SZLAVECZ & MAIORANA 1991.
Ecol.: HEROLD 1929a, 1929b, 1930, 1932; HOFFMANN, B. 1980; ERHARD 1992.
Distr.: KESSELYÁK 1936 (H); PALMÉN 1951b (SF); STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954 (A); FLASAROVÁ
1958, 1986a, 1988, 1999 (former CS); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); GRUNER 1966a;
DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); HOFFMANN, B. 1980 (D); KOBEL-VOSS
1983 (D); ERHARD 1992 (D); SZLAVECZ 1992 (H); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); TAJOVSKY
1998 (former CS); KONTSCHÁN 2003 (H, map).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; DAHL 1917, 1919; VERHOEFF 1917d, 1920c; FRITSCHE 1936; GRUNER
1966a.
DISTR. – Eastern central Europe. The records in the publications of DOLLFUS and ARCANGELI
and of BUDDE-LUND 1896 are misidentifications.
REMARKS. – A synonymy of Oniscus cinereus Zenker, 1798 and the present species, as
suggested by BRANDT (1833: 185) cannot be confirmed.
Armadillidium zuellichi Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937b (figs.), 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1975b (partim),
2000b.
A r m a d i l l o Latreille, 1802
REMARKS. – The genus Armadillo as it is defined today (see SCHMALFUSS 1996b) is restricted
to the Mediterranean region and western Asia. The species which certainly do not belong
to Armadillo s. str., but whose generic ascription is not clarified, are set in quotation
marks.
40
Armadillo acapulcensis Mulaik, 1960 = Cubaris a.

Armadillo aculeatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Polyacanthus a.
Armadillo aenigma (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo a.
“Armadillo” affinis (Dana, 1853)
SYN. – A. californicus, speciosus Stuxberg, Cubaris a., californica, Spherillo a.
BIBL. – DANA 1853; STUXBERG 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; RICHARDSON 1899, 1905; VAN
NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Armadillo alberti (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo a.
Armadillo albescens (Budde-Lund, 1909) = Venezillo a.
“Armadillo” albipes Dollfus, 1898
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904.
DISTR. – Sumatra.
Armadillo albomarginatus Dollfus, 1892
SYN. – A. wahrmani
Orig. descr., figs.: DOLLFUS 1892c.
Descr.: STROUHAL 1957; SCHMALFUSS 1996b.
Figs.: BUDDE-LUND 1904; STROUHAL 1957; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975; SCHMALFUSS 1996b.
Cuticle: WARBURG 1989.
Physiol.: WARBURG 1989; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998.
Behav.: WARBURG 1968a.
Reprod.: WARBURG 1991, 1992a, 1994a.
Distr.: SCHMALFUSS 1996b.
Bibl.: SCHMALFUSS 1996b; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Israel, northern Sinai and SW-Jordan.
Armadillo albospinosus Dollfus, 1900 = Spherillo a.
Armadillo albus Schmalfuss, 1996
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1996b (figs.); HORNUNG & WARBURG 1996; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Israel.
Armadillo alievi Schmalfuss, 1990
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1990b (figs.), 1996b (figs.).
DISTR. – Azerbaijan: SW Baku.
Armadillo almerius Mattern, 1999
BIBL. – MATTERN 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – Spain: province Almería.
Armadillo alticola (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo a.
Armadillo ambitiosus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Cubaris a.
“Armadillo” ankaratrae Barnard, 1958
BIBL. – BARNARD 1958 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Armadillo anomalus (Gerstaecker, 1873) = Microcercus a.
“Armadillo” arcuatus Dollfus, 1898
DISTR. – Sumatra.
Armadillo arizonicus (Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942) = Venezillo a.
Armadillo articulatus Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo a.
Armadillo asiaeminoris Verhoeff, 1941 = A. tuberculatus (compare SCHMALFUSS 1996b)
Armadillo astriger C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo ater Schnitzler, 1853 = Armadillidium vulgare
Armadillo atratus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo aucklandicus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo a.
Armadillo ausseli Dollfus, 1893 = Ctenorillo a. (compare TAITI et alii 1998: 299)
Armadillo australis Budde-Lund, 1885 = “Spherillo” hawaiensis (compare DOLLFUS 1900)
Armadillo benitensis Mulaik, 1960 = Cubaris b.
Armadillo bicoloratus Budde-Lund, 1894 = Merulanella b.
Armadillo bidens Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo hawaiensis (compare DOLLFUS 1900)
Armadillo bifrons Budde-Lund, 1885 = Australiodillo b.
“Armadillo” bituberculatus Budde-Lund, 1912
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1912a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Southwestern Western Australia: Albany.
Armadillo bolivari Mulaik, 1960 = Cubaris b.
Armadillo bolivianus Dollfus, 1897 = Venezillo b.
Armadillo boneti Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo b.
Armadillo borellii Dollfus, 1894 = Cubaris murina
Armadillo brevicauda Dollfus, 1898 = Spherillo b. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo brevicornis Budde-Lund, 1913 = Acanthodillo b. (compare VANDEL 1973c: 135)
Armadillo brunneus (Brandt, 1833) = Cubaris murina
Armadillo burnupi (Collinge, 1917) = Nataldillo b.
Armadillo cacahuamilpensis Bilimek, 1867 = Venezillo c. (compare RIOJA 1954: 281)
41
Armadillo caeruleus Collinge, 1914 = Cubaris c.

Armadillo californicus Budde-Lund, 1885 = “Armadillo” affinis (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo canariensis Dollfus, 1893 = Venezillo c.
Armadillo carinatus Budde-Lund, 1908 = “Bethalus” c.
Armadillo carmelensis Schmalfuss, 1996
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1996b (figs.); HORNUNG & WARBURG 1995b; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Central Israel.
“Armadillo” cassida Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Madagascar: Sakana.
Armadillo castor (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo c.
“Armadillo” cavernae Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1933b, 1957d; VANDEL 1973a; GREEN et alii 2002.
Armadillo celsicauda (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo c.
Armadillo chiapensis (Rioja, 1955) = Venezillo c.
Armadillo cinctus Budde-Lund, 1896 = A. tuberculatus
Armadillo cinctus Dollfus, 1896 = Venezillo vincentis
Armadillo cinereus (Brandt, 1833) = Cubaris c.
Armadillo clausus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Venezillo c.
Armadillo coecus Dollfus, 1898 = Spherillo c.
“Armadillo” collinus Budde-Lund, 1894
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1894, 1904 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Burma”.
Armadillo coloratus (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo c.
Armadillo confalonierii Brian, 1932
BIBL. – BRIAN 1932 (figs.).
DISTR. – Libya.
Armadillo congener Budde-Lund, 1904 = Venezillo c.
“Armadillo” conglobator Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Pulo Penang”.
Armadillo convexus C. Koch, 1841 = Armadillidium vulgare
Armadillo cordatus Dollfus, 1895 = Bethalus c.
Armadillo crassus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Venezillo c.
Armadillo cubensis Saussure, 1858 = Cubaris murina (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904: 119)
Armadillo danae (Heller, 1868) = Spherillo d.
Armadillo danae Dollfus, 1900 = Hawaiodillo danae (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1991b: 224)
Armadillo depressus Dollfus, 1896 = “Cubaris” d.
Armadillo disjunctus (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo d.
Armadillo distinctus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo dollfusi (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo d.
Armadillo dorsalis Iwamoto, 1943 = Venezillo d.
Armadillo dugesi Dollfus, 1896 = Venezillo d.
Armadillo dumorum Dollfus, 1896 = Venezillo d.
Armadillo echinatus (Brandt, 1833) = Diploexochus e.
Armadillo egens Budde-Lund, 1904 = Bethalus e.
Armadillo elevatus Verhoeff, 1936 = Madrasdillo e.
Armadillo emunitus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Cubaris e.
Armadillo erinaceus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo e. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo erythroleucus Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; ARCANGELI 1957d; SCHMALFUSS 1996b (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – North coast of Black Sea, Crimea.
“Armadillo” euthele Barnard, 1958
DISTR. – Madagascar: Fénérive.
Armadillo exilis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Merulana e. (compare JACKSON 1941: 18)
“Armadillo” exter Barnard, 1960
SYN. – Cubaris e.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1960b (figs.); LAWRENCE 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: “Louis Trichardt”.
Armadillo feae Budde-Lund, 1894 = Pericephalus f.
“Armadillo” fenerivei Barnard, 1958
DISTR. – Madagascar: Fénérive.
Armadillo festivus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Venezillo f.
Armadillo flavescens (Brandt, 1833) = Venezillo f.
Armadillo flavobrunneus Dollfus, 1896 = Cubaris flavobrunnea
Armadillo flavus Budde-Lund, 1912 = Buddelundia flava (compare VANDEL 1973c: 147)
42
Armadillo floresianus Dollfus, 1898 = Spherillo f. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)

Armadillo furcatus (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo f.
Armadillo galapagoensis Miers, 1877 = Venezillo g.
Armadillo galbineus Eschscholtz, 1823 = “Cubaris” galbinea
“Armadillo” galeatus Budde-Lund, 1894
DISTR. – Burma.
Armadillo gigas (Miers, 1877) = Venezillo g.
“Armadillo” glomerulus Budde-Lund, 1894
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1894, 1904; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Burma.
Armadillo glomus Budde-Lund, 1898 = Venezillo g.
Armadillo gordoniensis (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo g.
Armadillo graevei Arcangeli, 1927 = Spherillo g.
Armadillo granarius Nicolet, 1849 = “Cubaris” granaria
Armadillo grenadensis Budde-Lund, 1893 = Venezillo g.
Armadillo griseoalbus Dollfus, 1895 = Bethalus limbatus
Armadillo grossus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo g. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904: 59)
Armadillo guttatus C. Koch, 1841 = Armadillidium klugii (compare BUDDE-LUND 1885: 56)
“Armadillo” haedillus Barnard, 1968
DISTR. – South Africa: Qolora River mouth.
Armadillo hamiltoni Chilton, 1901 = Coronadillo h. (compare VANDEL 1977a: 44)
Armadillo hawaiensis (Dana, 1853) = Spherillo h. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904: 57)
Armadillo herscheli (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo h.
Armadillo hirsutus C. Koch, 1856
BIBL. – KOCH, C. 1856; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1892b; ARCANGELI 1936g,
1957d; VANDEL 1953h; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1994 (figs.); MATTERN 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Portugal and southern Spain.
Armadillo horridus Budde-Lund, 1908 = Calmanesia horrida
Armadillo hypsinephes (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo h.
“Armadillo” immotus Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
Armadillo inconspicuus Miers, 1876 = Spherillo danae (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
“Armadillo” infuscatus Budde-Lund, 1902
DISTR. – Malay Peninsula: “Goah Janat”.
“Armadillo” insulanus Arcangeli, 1934
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934b (figs.); JACKSON 1941 (A. insularis).
DISTR. – Samoa.
Armadillo insularis = “Armadillo” insulanus (“printing mistake”)
“Armadillo” integer Budde-Lund, 1912
DISTR. – Southwestern Western Australia: near Albany.
“Armadillo” intermixtus Budde-Lund, 1904
DISTR. – Malay Peninsula: Selangore.
Armadillo invenustus (Collinge, 1915) = A. officinalis
Armadillo jacobsoni Arcangeli, 1957 = Malaccadillo j.
Armadillo javanensis Dollfus, 1889 = Cubaris murina (compare BARNARD 1932: 379)
Armadillo jordanius Schmalfuss, 1996
DISTR. – Palestine and western Jordan.
Armadillo kaokoensis (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo k.
Armadillo kinzelbachi Schmalfuss, 1996
DISTR. – Central Syria.
Armadillo kogmani (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo k.
Armadillo laminatus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo latifrons Budde-Lund, 1904 = Barnardillo mucidus
“Armadillo” liliputanus Dollfus, 1895
SYN. – Diploexochus l., Venezillo l.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; BARNARD 1932, 1960b; ARCANGELI 1934c,
1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Pretoria.
Armadillo limbatus (Brandt, 1833) = Bethalus l.
Armadillo limenites (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo l.
Armadillo llamasi (Rioja, 1954) = Venezillo l. (compare RIOJA 1954)
43
Armadillo longipes Budde-Lund, 1909 = Venezillo l.

Armadillo luctuosus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo luteus Budde-Lund, 1908 = Pyrgoniscus l.
Armadillo macmahoni Chilton, 1901 = "Sphaerilloides" m.
Armadillo macrodens (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo m.
Armadillo macrosoma Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo m.
Armadillo maculatus C. Koch, 1841 = Armadillidium pulchellum
“Armadillo” makuae (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus m., Venezillo m.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1960a, 1960b; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Mozambique: Masiene.
“Armadillo” marcidus Budde-Lund, 1904
Armadillo marginalis Cuvier, 1792 = nomen dubium
Armadillo marmoreus C. Koch, 1847 = Armadillidium vulgare
Armadillo mayeti Simon, 1885
BIBL. – SIMON 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; BUDDE-LUND 1904; COLOSI 1921; ARCANGELI 1924a,
1957d; MATTERN 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – Tunisia: Sfax.
Armadillo medius C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo meiringi (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo m.
Armadillo melanurus Dollfus, 1887 = Spherillo m. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo mexicanus (Verhoeff, 1933) = Venezillo m. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a)
Armadillo microphthalmus Arcangeli, 1932 = Venezillo m.
“Armadillo” microps Budde-Lund, 1904
DISTR. – Borneo.
Armadillo minutus Mulaik, 1960 = Cubaris m.
Armadillo mirandai (Rioja, 1954) = Cubaris m.
Armadillo misellus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo m. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo miser Budde-Lund, 1904 = Cubaris m. (compare VANDEL 1973c: 113)
Armadillo mixtus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Venezillo m.
Armadillo molassicus Heer, 1879 = nomen dubium
Armadillo moncayotus Mattern, 1999
DISTR. – Southern Spain: province Alicante.
Armadillo monolinus (Dana, 1853) = Spherillo m.
Armadillo montagui (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo m.
Armadillo montanus Budde-Lund, 1904
SYN. – Cubaris m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; BRIAN 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957d (figs.); MATTERN 1999 (figs.);
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Libya.
Armadillo montivagus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo vitiensis (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo morbillosus C. Koch, 1841 = Armadillidium granulatum (compare BUDDE-LUND 1885:
58)
Armadillo mucidus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Barnardillo m.
Armadillo multipunctatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Venezillo m.
Armadillo murinus (Brandt, 1833) = Cubaris murina
Armadillo natalensis (Collinge, 1917) = Venezillo n.
Armadillo nebulosus (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo n.
Armadillo nevadensis Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo n.
Armadillo nicobaricus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo n. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo nigricans (Brandt, 1833) = Venezillo n.
Armadillo nigrinus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Bethalus n.
“Armadillo” nigromarginatus Budde-Lund, 1904
DISTR. – Malay Peninsula: Selangore.
Armadillo nigrorufus Dollfus, 1893 = Venezillo n.
Armadillo nitidus (Wedenissow, 1894) = Somaloniscus n.
Armadillo oaxacanus (Van Name, 1936) = Venezillo o. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 116)
“Armadillo” obliquidens (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Cubaris o., Diploexochus o., Venezillo o.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1960b; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Armadillo obscurus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Venezillo o. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo officinalis Duméril, 1816
SYN. – A. invenustus, officinarum, Cubaris invenustus, o., Pentheus invenustus, o.
44
Orig. descr.: DUMÉRIL 1816.

Descr.: VANDEL 1962b; SCHMALFUSS 1996b.
Figs.: BUDDE-LUND 1904; WAHRBERG 1922a; MONOD 1935; VANDEL 1943, 1962b; GRUNER 1953;
ARCANGELI 1957d; STROUHAL 1968c; SCHMALFUSS 1983c, 1984b, 1986d, 1991a, 1996b,
1998a.
Syst.: VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975.
Morph.: GRUNER 1953; SCHMALFUSS 1984b, 1991a; WARBURG & ROSENBERG 1996; TABACARU &
GIURGINCA 2003b (figs.).
Mol. biol.: MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000.
Cuticle: LAGARRIGUE 1964, 1968.
Physiol.: SEVILLA & LAGARRIGUE 1974; COENEN-STASS 1989a; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998.
Reprod.: WARBURG 1991; WARBURG & COHEN 1992b; AL-JETLAWI & NAIR 1994; WARBURG
1994a; WARBURG & ROSENBERG 1996.
Pop. dyn.: WARBURG & COHEN 1992a.
Behav.: VERHOEFF 1908(figs.); CARUSO & COSTA 1976; WARBURG & BERCOVITZ 1978; SCHMALFUSS
1983c.
Ecol.: HORNUNG & WARBURG 1995a, 1996; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999; LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003.
Distr.: VANDEL 1958e, 1962b; STROUHAL 1968c; SCHMALFUSS 1986d, 1996b.
Bibl.: ARCANGELI 1957d; STROUHAL 1968c; SCHMALFUSS 1996b.
DISTR. – Mediterranean and western Black Sea coasts. Records from Mesopotamia (OMER-
COOPER 1923) are doubtful.
Armadillo officinarum = misread for A. officinalis
Armadillo opacus C. Koch, 1841 = Armadillidium opacum
Armadillo oraniensis Dollfus, 1895 = Bethalus o.
Armadillo orbicularis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Venezillo o.
Armadillo orphanus (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo o.
Armadillo osorioi Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo o.
Armadillo otion Barnard, 1958 = Myrmecodillo o. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1983a: 226)
Armadillo ovampoensis (Barnard, 1924) = Venezillo o.
Armadillo pachytos (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo p.
“Armadillo” pallidus Budde-Lund, 1902
DISTR. – Malay Peninsula: “Bukit Besar”.
Armadillo panurus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Bethalus p.
Armadillo parvus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Venezillo p. (compare GREEN et alii 1990)
Armadillo perkinsi Dollfus, 1900 = Hawaiodillo p. (compare VERHOEFF 1926: 256)
Armadillo perlatus Dollfus, 1896 = Venezillo p.
Armadillo pictus Heller, 1868 = Spherillo p. (compare JACKSON 1941)
Armadillo piger Budde-Lund, 1896 = A. tuberculatus
Armadillo pilula (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo p.
Armadillo pilularis Say, 1818 = Armadillidium vulgare
Armadillo pisum Budde-Lund, 1885 = Venezillo p.
Armadillo platypleon Schmalfuss, 1986
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1986d (figs.), 1996b (figs.).
DISTR. – Near East: SW-Syria, W-Jordan and shores of Dead Sea.
Armadillo pleogoniophorus (Rioja, 1952) = Venezillo p. (compare RIOJA 1954)
Armadillo pollex (Barnard, 1936) = Myrmecodillo p.
Armadillo polythele (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo p.
Armadillo pretoriensis Dollfus, 1895 = Bethalus p.
“Armadillo” proximatus Budde-Lund, 1904
DISTR. – Borneo.
Armadillo pseudomayeti Mattern, 1999
DISTR. – Tunisia.
Armadillo pubescens Budde-Lund, 1885 = Sphaerillodillo p. (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1990)
Armadillo pulchellus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo pulcherrimus Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Armadillo pumilus Budde-Lund, 1893 = Venezillo p.
Armadillo punctatissimus Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Armadillo purpurascens Jackson, 1941 = Spherillo p.
Armadillo pusillus (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo p.
Armadillo pustulatus Duméril, 1816 = Armadillidium vulgare
Armadillo pustulatus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
“Armadillo” pygmaeus Budde-Lund, 1912
DISTR. – Western Australia: Perth.
Armadillo quadrimaculatus (Budde-Lund, 1909) = Venezillo q.
Armadillo raffaelei Arcangeli, 1927 = Spherillo r.
45
Armadillo rectifrons Dollfus, 1898 = Dryadillo r.

Armadillo rhodesiensis (Barnard, 1932) = Pachydillo r.
Armadillo rouxi Verhoeff, 1926 = Pseudosphaerillo r.
Armadillo rubropunctatus Budde-Lund, 1893 = Venezillo r.
Armadillo rufescens (Budde-Lund, 1909) = Venezillo r.
Armadillo ruficornis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo r. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo rugosus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Merulana r. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1913)
Armadillo rugulosus (Miers, 1876) = "Sphaerilloides" r. (compare VANDEL 1977a: 36)
Armadillo rupestris Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Armadillo russoi Arcangeli, 1927 = Spherillo r. (compare ARCANGELI 1952i)
Armadillo saldanhae (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo s.
“Armadillo” salisburyensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Cubaris s., Diploexochus s., Venezillo s.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1960a; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Armadillo samoensis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo vitiensis
Armadillo sarasinorum Dollfus, 1898 = Spherillo s.
Armadillo scaberrimus Dollfus, 1893 = Venezillo s.
Armadillo schultzei (Verhoeff, 1933) = Venezillo s.
Armadillo sennai Arcangeli, 1927 = Spherillo s.
Armadillo sharpi Dollfus, 1900 = Hawaiodillo s. (compare VERHOEFF 1926: 256)
Armadillo silvarum Dollfus, 1896 = Venezillo s.
Armadillo silvivagans Barnard, 1958 = Pseudodiploexochus s.
Armadillo similis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Venezillo s.
Armadillo simplex Dollfus, 1895 = Bethalus s.
Armadillo sodalis Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904, 1909b; ARCANGELI 1957d; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Egypt”.
“Armadillo” solumcolus Schultz, 1982
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1982a (figs.).
DISTR. – Borneo.
Armadillo sordidus Schmalfuss, 1996
DISTR. – Northern Israel and SW-Syria.
Armadillo soyatlanensis Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo s.
Armadillo speciosus Dana, 1853 = Spherillo s. (compare VANDEL 1977a: 40)
Armadillo speciosus Stuxberg, 1875 = “Armadillo” affinis
Armadillo spenceri (Barnes, 1934) = Australiodillo bifrons
Armadillo spinosus (Dana, 1853) = Acanthodillo s. (compare VANDEL 1973c: 135)
Armadillo steenbrasi (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo s.
Armadillo stricticauda Dollfus, 1895 = Bethalus s.
Armadillo stuckchensis Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo s.
Armadillo sylvicola Mulaik, 1960 = Venezillo s.
Armadillo tenebrosus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo tenuipunctatus Dollfus, 1896 = “Cubaris” t. (compare RICHARDSON 1901)
Armadillo testudinalis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo vitiensis
Armadillo testudinatus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Armadillo thienemanni (Herold, 1931) = Sumatrillo t.
Armadillo tongensis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Spherillo vitiensis
Armadillo tradouwi (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo t.
Armadillo translucidus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Merulana t. (compare VERHOEFF 1926)
“Armadillo” transpilosus Barnard, 1960
SYN. – Cubaris t.
DISTR. – South Africa: Marieskop.
Armadillo trifolium Dollfus, 1890 = Venezillo t.
Armadillo trivialis C. Koch, 1841 = Armadillidium vulgare
Armadillo troglophilus Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955f (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957d; SCHMALFUSS 1986d, 1996b (figs.).
DISTR. – Lebanon: cave near Beyrouth.
Armadillo truncatus (Collinge, 1920) = “Cubaris” t.
Armadillo truncorum Budde-Lund, 1893 = Venezillo t.
Armadillo tuberculatus Vogl, 1876
SYN. – A. asiaminoris, cinctus, piger, Pentheus t.
BIBL. – VOGL 1876; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a, 1904; STROUHAL 1929a, 1929c, 1937b,
1937(figs.), 1937g (figs.); VERHOEFF 1941a; ARCANGELI 1957d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1972b, 1975a (figs.), 1975b, 1978b (figs.), 1979b, 1983c (figs.),
1986d, 1996b (figs.), 1999; SFENTHOURAKIS 1991 (figs.), 1993a, 1996b; LYMBERAKIS et alii
2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs.).
46
DISTR. – Greece: southern Aegean islands; SW-Turkey.

Armadillo tuberosus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Venezillo t. (compare SOUZA-KURY 1998: 654)
Armadillo tugelae (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo t.
Armadillo variegatus Latreille, 1804 = Armadillidium vulgare
Armadillo velutinus Dollfus, 1898 = “Spherillo” v. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo venustus Budde-Lund, 1893 = Venezillo v.
Armadillo verrucosus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Venezillo v.
Armadillo vincentis Budde-Lund, 1904 = Venezillo v.
Armadillo viticola Dollfus, 1896 = Venezillo v.
Armadillo vitiensis (Dana, 1853) = Spherillo v.
Armadillo vulgaris Latreille, 1804 = Armadillidium v.
“Armadillo” vumbaensis (Barnard, 1949)
SYN. – Diploexochus v., Venezillo ovanboensis
BIBL. – BARNARD 1949 (figs.), 1960a, 1960b; ARCANGELI 1957d; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zimbabwe: Vumba.
Armadillo wahrmani Strouhal, 1957 = A. albomarginatus
Armadillo walkeri (Pearse, 1911) = Venezillo w. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a)
Armadillo weberi Dollfus, 1898 = Spherillo w. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Armadillo willii C. Koch, 1844 = Armadillidium maculatum
Armadillo zigzag Dollfus, 1896 = Venezillo z. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a)
Armadillo zwartbergensis (Barnard, 1932) = Venezillo z.
A r m a d i l l o n i s c u s Uljanin, 1875
Crinocheta: family Detonidae
Armadilloniscus aegaeus Schmalfuss, 1981
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1981a (figs.), 1999; TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean islands.
Armadilloniscus aestuarii Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.), 1931b; ARCANGELI 1957b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii
1995; SCHMALFUSS 1999.
DISTR. – Central Italy; Croatia: Split; Greece: Aegean island Lésvos (= Mitilíni).
Armadilloniscus albus Nunomura, 1984
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1984; TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; KWON 1995 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Osaka; Korea: Cheju Island.
Armadilloniscus amakusaensis Nunomura, 1984 = A. ellipticus (compare KWON 1995)
Armadilloniscus argentarius Verhoeff, 1984 = A. candidus
Armadilloniscus biltoni Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
Armadilloniscus binodulus Lewis, 1992
REMARKS. – May be identical with A. quadricornis.
Armadilloniscus brevinaseus Nunomura, 1984
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1984 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Wakayama.
REMARKS. – Insufficiently defined.
Armadilloniscus bulgaricus Frankenberger, 1941
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA
1989a.
DISTR. – Bulgaria: coast of Black Sea.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with A. ellipticus (= A. litoralis).
Armadilloniscus candidus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – A. argentarius, heroldi, tuberculatus Dollfus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1889a, 1896b; AUBERT & DOLLFUS 1890; VERHOEFF 1918a,
1930c, 1931b (figs.), 1944; ARCANGELI 1933a, 1957b; VANDEL 1941b, 1943, 1954n, 1956a,
1962b (figs.), 1968a; LEGRAND 1946; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI &
FERRARA 1980b, 1989a, 1996 (figs.); CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; CARUSO et alii 1987;
ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; ARGANO et alii 1995; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Coasts of the western Mediterranean and the Azores.
Armadilloniscus caraibicus Paoletti & Stinner, 1989
BIBL. – PAOLETTI & STINNER 1989 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.).
Armadilloniscus cecconii Dollfus, 1905 = Platyarthrus schoblii
Armadilloniscus conglobator Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
47
Armadilloniscus coronocapitalis Menzies, 1950

BIBL. – MENZIES 1950 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957b; SCHULTZ 1972c (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA
1989a; GARTHWAITE et alii 1992; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – California.
Armadilloniscus dalmatinus Verhoeff, 1901 = A. ellipticus
Armadilloniscus ellipticus (Harger, 1878)
SYN. – Actoniscus e., A. amakusaensis, dalmatinus, hoshikawai, litoralis
Orig. descr.: HARGER 1878 (Actoniscus e.).
Descr.: VANDEL 1962b.
Figs.: VERHOEFF 1918a; VANDEL 1943, 1962b; ARCANGELI 1957b; SCHULTZ 1972a, 1977a, 1982c;
GARTHWAITE et alii 1992; TAITI & FERRARA 1996.
Syst., phyl.: TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; GARTHWAITE et alii 1992; KWON 1995.
Reprod.: MÂLE 1990.
Nutr.: MÂLE 1990.
Distr.: VANDEL 1962b ((Figs.)), 1968a (Azores); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); FERRARA &
TAITI 1978b (I); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a (I), 1996 (Corsica); CARUSO & HILI 1991 (Malta);
CRUZ 1991b (NE-Spain); KWON 1993, 1995 (Korea); KWON & TAITI 1993 (China); POTOČNIK
1984 (Slovenia); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1996 (I); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996 (Balearic Islands);
PONS et alii 1999 (Morocco); SCHMALFUSS 1999 (GR); TAITI 1999 (Hawaii) ; SAITO et alii
2000 (Japan); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (GR).
Bibl.: ARCANGELI 1957b, 1958a; SCHULTZ 1972c, 1977a, 1982c; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic coasts of North America, Azores,
Madeira, Madagascar, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Korea, Hawaiian Islands.
Armadilloniscus hawaiianus Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1989a (figs.); KWON 1995.
DISTR. – Hawaii Islands; Korea.
Armadilloniscus heroldi Verhoeff, 1916 = A. candidus
Armadilloniscus holmesi Arcangeli, 1933
SYN. – Actoniscus tuberculatus, A. tuberculatus (Holmes & Gay)
BIBL. – HOLMES & GAY 1909 (Actoniscus tuberculatus) (figs.); ARCANGELI 1933a, 1957b; VAN
NAME 1936, 1940; HATCH 1947; MENZIES 1950 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957b; MULAIK 1960
(figs.); SCHULTZ 1972c (figs.); BOWMAN 1977; NUNOMURA 1981; TAKEDA 1984; GARTHWAITE et
alii 1985, 1992 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Sado Island; USA and Mexico: California.
Armadilloniscus hoonsooi Kwon & Wang, 1996
BIBL. – KWON & WANG 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Armadilloniscus hoshikawai Nunomura, 1984 = A. ellipticus (compare KWON 1995)
Armadilloniscus iliffei Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
Armadilloniscus indicus Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1983 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a (figs.).
DISTR. – Seychelles.
Armadilloniscus japonicus Nunomura, 1984
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1984, 1998, 1999b, 2003d, 2004a, 2004b, 2004c; TAITI & FERRARA 1989a;
SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Armadilloniscus lamellatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1989a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia; Malaysia; Indonesia; Philippines.
Armadilloniscus lanyuensis Kwon & Wang, 1996
BIBL. – KWON & WANG 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Armadilloniscus letourneuxi Simon, 1885
BIBL. – SIMON 1885; ARCANGELI 1957b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a.
DISTR. – Tunisia.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of A. ellipticus.
Armadilloniscus lindahli (Richardson, 1905)
SYN. – Actoniscus l., Scleropactes cedrosensis
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1905 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; MENZIES 1950 (figs.); MULAIK 1960; SCHULTZ
1970d, 1972c (figs.); GARTHWAITE et alii 1985, 1992; TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; GARTHWAITE
& LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – USA and Mexico: California.
Armadilloniscus litoralis Budde-Lund, 1885 = A. ellipticus
Armadilloniscus malaccensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
48
DISTR. – Malaysia: Melaka State.

Armadilloniscus minutus Uljanin, 1875 = nomen dubium
Armadilloniscus mirabilis Ferrara, 1974
BIBL. – FERRARA 1974a ((figs., partim, see TAITI & FERRARA 1989a: 60); CHELAZZI & FERRARA
1978; TAITI & FERRARA 1989a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998.
DISTR. – Malaysia: Sembilan State; Somalia.
Armadilloniscus nasatus Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ROMAN 1977 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA
1989a; JEPPESEN 2000.
REMARKS. – TAITI & FERRARA (1989a) consider this species a probable synonym of A.
ellipticus.
Armadilloniscus ninae Schultz, 1984
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1984b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Belize.
Armadilloniscus notojimensis (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Koshiniscus n.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1990 (figs.), 1998, 2004a; KWON 1995; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Armadilloniscus ornatocephalus Lewis, 1992
BIBL. – LEWIS 1992b (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: eastern Queensland.
Armadilloniscus quadricornis Vandel, 1971
BIBL. – VANDEL 1971b (figs.), 1973b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989a (figs.).
DISTR. – Malaysia; Indonesia; New Guinea; Solomon Archipelago.
Armadilloniscus steptus Schotte & Heard, 1991
BIBL. – SCHOTTE & HEARD 1991 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – British West Indies: Turks and Caicos Islands.
Armadilloniscus tuberculatus Dollfus, 1889 = A. candidus
Armadilloniscus tuberculatus (Holmes & Gay, 1909) = A. holmesi
A s c h i s m a t i u s Verhoeff, 1942
Aschismatius penicilliger Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985.
DISTR. – Ghana.
A s h t o n i a Vandel, 1973
Ashtonia eucalyptorum Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Australia: near Melbourne.
A t l a n t i d i u m Arcangeli, 1936
REMARKS. – SCHMALFUSS (1989(figs.)) argues that the members of this genus are nothing
else but highly specialized conglobating species of Porcellio.
Atlantidium barretoi Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936d (figs.); VANDEL 1957c, 1960b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1989f.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Atlantidium mateui Vandel, 1957
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957c, 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1989f.
DISTR. – Madeira Archipelago: Desertas Islands.
Atlantidium secundum Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936e (figs.); VANDEL 1957c, 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS
1989f.
DISTR. – Madeira.
A t l a n t o n i s c u s Vandel, 1959
Crinocheta: family Spelaeoniscidae
Atlantoniscus primitivus Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973c.
DISTR. – Morocco: High Atlas Mountains.
A t l a n t o s c i a Ferrara & Taiti, 1981

49
Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 = A. floridana

Atlantoscia floridana (Van Name, 1940)
SYN. – A. alceui, Chaetophiloscia paulensis, Philoscia bonita, f., Ocelloscia f.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1940; VANDEL 1963a, 1977c; SCHULTZ 1964a; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1971,
1985b; LENKO 1971; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1981; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984; JOHNSON, C.
1986; TAITI & FERRARA 1991a (figs.); ARAUJO et alii 1996; BOYKO 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998;
ARAUJO & LEISTIKOW 1999 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW & ARAUJO 2001;
AMATO et alii 2003; ARAUJO et alii 2004; ARAUJO & BOND-BUCKUP 2004.
DISTR. – Coastal regions of Florida, Brazil, Argentina, Ascension and Strouhal. Helena
Islands.
Atlantoscia rubromarginata Araujo & Leistikow, 1999
BIBL. – ARAUJO & LEISTIKOW 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Brazil.
Atlantotrichus leptotrichoides (Arcangeli, 1942) = Leptotrichus l.
A t r a c h e o d i l l o Arcangeli, 1950
Atracheodillo marmorivagus Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA et alii 1991; SCHMIDT 1999
(figs.); SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Congo; Rwanda.
A u l a c o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1942
Aulacodillo omarurunus Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia.
A u l a c o n i s c u s Taiti & Howarth, 1997

Aulaconiscus caecus Taiti & Howarth, 1997
BIBL. – TAITI & HOWARTH 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – Hawaii Archipelago.
A u s t r a l i o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Australiodillo anomalus Lewis, 1998
BIBL. – LEWIS 1998b (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002; LILLEMETS & WILSON 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: Lord Howe Island 800 km NE Sydney.
Australiodillo armus Lewis, 1998
Australiodillo bifrons (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo b., spenceri, A. spenceri, Cubaris spenceri, Schismadillo spenceri,
Spherillo b.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1926a; BARNES 1934 (figs.); GREEN 1961;
VANDEL 1973c; DALENS 1990 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: Queensland; New South Wales.
Australiodillo haplophthalmoides Dalens, 1993
BIBL. – DALENS 1993a (figs.).
Australiodillo insularis Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); DALENS 1990 (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002; LILLEMETS & WILSON
2002.
Australiodillo mucosus Lewis, 1998
Australiodillo neocaledoniensis Dalens, 1993
Australiodillo primitivus Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); DALENS 1990 (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002; LILLEMETS & WILSON
2002.
50
Australiodillo setosus Lewis, 1998

Australiodillo spenceri (Barnes, 1934) = A. bifrons (compare DALENS 1990)
A u s t r a l o n i s c u s Vandel, 1973
Crinocheta: family Bathytropidae
Australoniscus alticolus Vandel, 1973 = Nagurus a.
Australoniscus springetti Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Western Australia: 600 miles north of Perth.
A u s t r a l o p h i l o s c i a Green, 1990
Australophiloscia myrmecophila Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales, Orange W Sydney.
Australophiloscia nichollsi Vandel, 1973
Australophiloscia nomukensis Dalens, 1988 = A. societatis
Australophiloscia societatis (Maccagno, 1932)
SYN. – A. nomukensis, Philoscia fasciata, s.
BIBL. – MACCAGNO 1932a; JACKSON 1933, 1935a, 1938, 1941; DALENS 1988 (figs.); TAITI &
FERRARA 1991b (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; RIVERA et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Polynesia.
B a c a n o s c i a Vandel, 1981
Bacanoscia negreai Vandel, 1981
BIBL. – VANDEL 1981 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba.
B a l e a r o n e t h e s Dalens, 1977
Balearonethes sesrodesanus Dalens, 1977
BIBL. – DALENS 1977c (figs.); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
B a l k a n o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1926
Balkanoniscus beroni Vandel, 1965 = Rhodopioniscus b. (compare TABACARU 1993a: 62)
Balkanoniscus corniculatus (Verhoeff, 1926)
SYN. – Nesiotoniscus c., Trichoniscus c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965c, 1967a; ANDREEV 1972,
2002; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Balkanoniscus minimus Vandel, 1967
BIBL. – VANDEL 1967a (figs.); ANDREEV 2002.
DISTR. – Bulgaria: districts Loveč and Pleven.
B a l l o d i l l i u m Vandel, 1961
Ballodillium pilosum Vandel, 1961
BIBL. – VANDEL 1961 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993 (figs.), 1996.
DISTR. – Balearic Islands: Mallorca, Menorca and Cabrera Archipelago.
B a l l o n i s c u s Budde-Lund, 1908
Crinocheta: family Balloniscidae
Balloniscus argentinus (Giambiagi, 1939) = B. sellowii
Balloniscus borellii (Dollfus, 1897) = Plataoniscus b.
Balloniscus brevicornis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia b.
DISTR. – USA: Mississippi.
51
REMARKS. – The ascription to the genus seems questionable for biogeographic reasons.
Balloniscus glaber Araujo & Zardo, 1996
BIBL. – ARAUJO & ZARDO 1996 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: province Rio Grande do Sul.
Balloniscus griseus (Dollfus, 1897) = Plataoniscus g.
Balloniscus insularuminfraventum Vandel, 1952 = Pulmoniscus i. (compare LEISTIKOW 2001e)
Balloniscus maculatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1976; VANDEL 1981; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Central Argentina NW of Buenos Aires.
Balloniscus nigricans (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia n.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1908; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – USA: Mississippi.
Balloniscus paraguayanus (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Philoscia p.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958b ; SCHULTZ 1995a; BOYKO 1997;
DISTR. – Paraguay.
Balloniscus sellowii (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Alloniscus argentinus, B. argentinus, tracheofer, Metoponorthus argentinus,
Pardioniscus argentinus, Philoscia argentina, paulensis, s., Plataoniscus argentinus
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1894b, 1897b; MOREIRA 1927, 1932; VAN
NAME 1936, 1940, 1942; GIAMBIAGI DE CALABRESE 1939; VERHOEFF 1951b; VANDEL 1952d,
1963a, 1981; ARCANGELI 1958b; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958a, 1976 (figs.); RECA 1970;
CASTRUCCI & MENDES 1975; SCHULTZ 1995a; ARAUJO et alii 1996 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998;
ARAUJO & LEISTIKOW 1999 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW & ARAUJO 2001
(figs.); SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Brazil; Uruguay; region around Buenos Aires in Argentina.
Balloniscus tracheofer Verhoeff, 1951 = B. sellowii (compare VANDEL 1952d: 147)
B a n a t o n i s c u s Tabacaru, 1991
Banatoniscus karbani Tabacaru, 1991
BIBL. – TABACARU 1991 (figs.), 1994.
DISTR. – Romania: Banat Mountains.
B a r b a r o s p h o e r a Vandel, 1948
Barbarosphoera lucasi Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – VANDEL 1948d (figs.), 1959a; CARUSO 1973c.
DISTR. – Northern Algeria; southern Morocco.
B a r n a r d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Barnardillo barnardi (Collinge, 1920)
SYN. – Anchicubaris spinosus, Bethalus b., Cubaris b., gurjanovi
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1920 (figs.), 1942b, 1945a; ARCANGELI 1934c; BARNARD 1932, 1937, 1949,
1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & HARDING 1985.
DISTR. – South Africa; Zimbabwe.
Barnardillo montanus Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi: Nyika Plateau.
Barnardillo mucidus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo latifrons, m., Bethalus m., Diploexochus m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1937; ARCANGELI 1934c; MONOD
1935 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & HARDING 1985; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – South Africa: Cape Town and Natal; southern Mozambique.
Barnardillo secutor (Jackson, 1924)
SYN. – Bethalus s., Cubaris s.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1924 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Zululand.
Barnardillo warreni (Collinge, 1917)
SYN. – Bethalus w., Cubaris w.
52
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1917d (figs.), 1920; BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA &
TAITI 1979.
B a r n a r d o s c i a Taiti & Ferrara, 1982

Barnardoscia demarcata (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Philoscia d., Setaphora d.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932, 1937, 1949; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985d; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a,
1982c (figs.).
DISTR. – South Africa: Natal; Lesotho.
Barnardoscia maculata Taiti & Ferrara, 1982
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1982c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1985d.
DISTR. – South Africa: Natal; Lesotho.
B a r r o w d i l l o Dalens, 1993
Barrowdillo pseudopyrgoniscus Dalens, 1993
BIBL. – DALENS 1993b (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia: Barrow Island.
B a t h y t r o p a Budde-Lund, 1885
Bathytropa colasi Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954o (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973b.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: province Malaga.
Bathytropa costata Budde-Lund, 1885 = B. meinertii (compare VANDEL 1962b: 552)
Bathytropa dollfusi Strouhal, 1936
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1936a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1969c; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; CARUSO
et alii 1987.
DISTR. – Eastern Sicily; Greece: Ionian island Lefkáda.
Bathytropa graevei (Verhoeff, 1940)
SYN. – Labyrinthasius g.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1940d, 1942g, 1952; ARCANGELI 1952h; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973b;
DISTR. – Italy: island Ischia and opposite mainland.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of B. granulata.
Bathytropa granulata Aubert & Dollfus, 1890
SYN. – Labyrinthasius graecus
BIBL. – AUBERT & DOLLFUS 1890 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1929b, 1940d; STROUHAL 1937g; VANDEL
1958b (figs.), 1962b (p. 548, figs.), 1968e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1975a (figs.),
1979b, 1999; CARUSO 1973b, 1978; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA &
CRUZ 1996; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Known from the coasts of the northern Mediterranean.
Bathytropa meinertii Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – B. costata
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b (p. 552, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973b;
JEPPESEN 2000.
REMARKS. – B. costata Budde-Lund, 1885 is considered by VANDEL (1962b) as a subspecies
of B. meinertii.
Bathytropa patanei Caruso, 1973
BIBL. – CARUSO 1973b; SCHMALFUSS 1977b; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995; SCHMIDT
2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – Sicily.
Bathytropa ruffoi Caruso, 1973
BIBL. – CARUSO 1973a (figs.), 1973c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: island Marettimo W Sicily.
Bathytropa schembrii Caruso & Lombardo, 1982
DISTR. – Malta.
Bathytropa thermophila Dollfus, 1896 = Trichorhina tomentosa
Bathytropa tuberculata Racovitza, 1908
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); CARUSO 1973b.
DISTR. – NE-Algeria.
Bathytropa wahrmani Strouhal, 1968
53
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1968a (figs.); CARUSO 1973b; WARBURG et alii 1978; HORNUNG & WARBURG
1996; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Israel; southern Turkey: Vilayet Hatay.
B e n e c h i n u s Budde-Lund, 1910
Benechinus armatus Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000¸ FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Tanzania: Mount Meru and Mount Kilimanjaro.
B e n t h a n a Budde-Lund, 1908
Benthana albomarginata Lemos de Castro, 1958
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); BOYKO 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: state of Espírito Santo.
Benthana angustata (Nicolet, 1849)
SYN. – Oniscus a., Philoscia a.
BIBL. – NICOLET 1849 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – “Chile”.
Benthana araucariana Araujo & Lopes, 2003
BIBL. – ARAUJO & LOPES 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: state of Rio Grande do Sul.
Benthana bilineata (Nicolet, 1849)
SYN. – Oniscus b., Philoscia b.
BIBL. – NICOLET 1849; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Benthana bocainensis Lemos de Castro, 1958
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: state of São Paulo.
Benthana convexa Lemos de Castro, 1958
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); LENKO 1971; SOUZA-KURY 1998; ARAUJO & LEISTIKOW
1999 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.
Benthana dimorpha Lemos de Castro, 1985
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1985a (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: state of Espírito Santo.
Benthana iporangensis Lima & Serejo, 1993
BIBL. – LIMA & SEREJO 1993 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Benthana longicornis Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941d (figs.); GRUNER 1955 (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c; ANDERSSON
1960a (figs.), 1960b (figs.); ARAUJO et alii 1996 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: state of Santa Catarina.
Benthana longipenis Lemos de Castro, 1958
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); LIMA & SEREJO 1993; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
Benthana moreirai Lemos de Castro, 1985
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1985a (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Benthana olfersii (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Oniscus nigrescens, Philoscia o.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; JACKSON 1926b; GRUNER 1955; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); LENKO
1971; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo; introduced to Germany.
Benthana pauper Jackson, 1926 = Benthanoides p.
Benthana peruensis Gruner, 1955 = Benthanoides p.
Benthana picta (Brandt, 1833)
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; JACKSON 1926b; ?GIAMBIAGI DE CALABRESE 1931; CAMARGO 1954; GRUNER
1955; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); ANDERSSON 1960b; LENKO 1971; ARAUJO et alii 1996
(figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW & ARAUJO 2001 (figs.);
ARAUJO & LOPES 2003.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil; ?NE-Argentina.
54
Benthana santosi Lemos de Castro, 1958

BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); LIMA & SEREJO 1993; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
Benthana schubarti Lemos de Castro, 1958
Benthana serrana Araujo & Lopes, 2003
BIBL. – ARAUJO & LOPES 2003 (FIGS.).
Benthana sulcata Gruner, 1955
BIBL. – GRUNER 1955; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c (figs.); LIMA & SEREJO 1993; SOUZA-KURY 1998;
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: state of Rio de Janeiro.
Benthana taeniata Araujo & Buckup, 1994
BIBL. – ARAUJO & BUCKUP 1994b (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
ARAUJO & LOPES 2003.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul.
Benthana trinodulata Araujo & Lopes, 2003
BIBL. – ARAUJO & LOPES 2003 (FIGS.).
Benthana villosa Jackson, 1926 = Benthanoides villosus
Benthana werneri Lemos de Castro, 1958
B e n t h a n o i d e s Lemos de Castro, 1958

Benthanoides pauper (Jackson, 1926)
SYN. – Benthana p., Philoscia p.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1926b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; GRUNER 1955 (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c;
DISTR. – Central Chile.
Benthanoides peruensis (Gruner, 1955)
SYN. – Benthana p.
BIBL. – GRUNER 1955 (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Peru: western Andes near Matucana.
Benthanoides villosus (Jackson, 1926)
SYN. – Benthana v., Philoscia v.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1926b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; GRUNER 1955; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c;
DISTR. – Peru: western Andes near Matucana.
B e n t h a n o p s Barnard, 1932
Benthanops fulva Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1982a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1985d.
DISTR. – South Africa: Cape Province.
B e n t h a n o s c i a Lemos de Castro, 1958

Benthanoscia longicaudata Lemos de Castro, 1958
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958a (figs.); BOYKO 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: state of Rio de Janeiro.
B e r g a m o n i s c u s Brian & Vandel, 1949

Bergamoniscus boesii (Brian, 1927)
SYN. – Trichoniscus b.
BIBL. – BRIAN 1927 (figs.); BRIAN & VANDEL 1949 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii
1982, 1995.
B e r o n i s c u s Vandel, 1967
55
Beroniscus capreolus Vandel, 1967

DISTR. – Bulgaria: district Loveč.
Beroniscus marcelli Vandel, 1969
BIBL. – VANDEL 1969c (figs.); CARUSO 1978 (figs.), 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii
1995.
DISTR. – Sicily: province Messina.
B e r y t o n i s c u s Vandel, 1955
Crinocheta: family Berytoniscidae
Berytoniscus singularis Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955f (figs.).
DISTR. – Lebanon: north of Beyrouth.
B e t h a l u s Budde-Lund, 1909
Bethalus arator Barnard, 1937
Bethalus auroniger Barnard, 1960
Bethalus barbertoni Barnard, 1932 = Cubaris b. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1987: 94)
Bethalus barnardi (Collinge, 1920) = Barnardillo b.
Bethalus bipunctatus Barnard, 1958
DISTR. – Madagascar: Périnet.
“Bethalus” carinatus (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Armadillo c., Cubaris c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); BARNARD 1958 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1979) probably belonging to the genus
Cubaris.
Bethalus cordatus (Dollfus, 1895)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895b (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1949; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Orange State and Natal.
Bethalus depressus (Dollfus, 1896) = "Cubaris" d.
Bethalus egens (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Armadillo e., Cubaris e.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; BARNARD 1932, 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA
1987 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Malawi.
Bethalus emarginatus Budde-Lund, 1910 = Pyrgoniscus e.
Bethalus gorongozae Barnard, 1960
BIBL. – BARNARD 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Mozambique: Mount Gorongoza.
Bethalus lawrencei Barnard, 1937
Bethalus limbatus (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Armadillo griseoalbus, l., Cubaris l.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1895b (figs.); BARNARD 1932
(figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c (p. 90); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Bethalus lineatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi.
Bethalus linguitelson Barnard, 1960
Bethalus macrodens Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo m.
Bethalus mariepensis Barnard, 1960
Bethalus mucidus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Barnardillo m.
Bethalus nigrinus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
56
SYN. – Armadillo n., Cubaris longicauda, reticulatus, Diploexochus n.

BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); COLLINGE 1917d (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1937,
1949, 1960a; ARCANGELI 1934c (p. 90); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & HARDING 1985;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – South Africa: Cape Province and Natal; Mozambique: Masiene.
Bethalus oraniensis (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Armadillo o., Cubaris o., Diploexochus o.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); COLLINGE 1917d; BARNARD 1932
(figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Orange State and Transvaal.
Bethalus panurus (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Armadillo p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1937; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – South Africa: Natal and Zululand.
Bethalus pretoriensis (Dollfus, 1895)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); LAWRENCE
1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TELFORD & DANGERFIELD 1995.
Bethalus rhodesiae Barnard, 1932
Bethalus secutor (Jackson, 1924) = Barnardillo s.
Bethalus simplex (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Armadillo s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Bethalus statumenes Barnard, 1960
Bethalus stricticauda (Dollfus, 1895)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); FERRARA &
TAITI 1979.
Bethalus tradouwi Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo t.
Bethalus trichardti Barnard, 1960
BIBL. – BARNARD 1960b; LAWRENCE 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Bethalus warreni (Collinge, 1917) = Barnardillo w.
Bifrontania femina Radu, 1960 = Nagurus cristatus
B i h a r o n i s c u s Tabacaru, 1963
Biharoniscus fericeus Tabacaru, 1973
BIBL. – TABACARU 1973b (figs.), 1994.
DISTR. – Romania: district Bihor.
Biharoniscus racovitzai Tabacaru, 1963
BIBL. – TABACARU 1963 (figs.), 1973b, 1994.
DISTR. – Romania: Crisana region.
Bilawrencia albicincta Vandel, 1973 = Littorophiloscia a. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1986b)
Bilawrencia denticulata Ferrara & Taiti, 1982 = Littorophiloscia d. (compare TAITI & FERRARA
1986b)
Bilawrencia isabellae Vandel, 1973 = Littorophiloscia albicincta (compare TAITI & FERRARA
1986b)
Bilawrencia occidentalis Ferrara & Taiti, 1983 = Littorophiloscia o. (compare TAITI & FERRARA
1986b)
B i s i l v e s t r i a Arcangeli, 1929
Crinocheta: family Bisilvestriidae
Bisilvestria marrassinii Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929e (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1981; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba.
B o r u t z k y e l l a Tabacaru, 1993
57

Borutzkyella revasi (Borutzky, 1973)
SYN. – Buddelundiella r.
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1973 (figs.); TABACARU 1993a.
DISTR. – Georgia (Caucasus): Abkhazia.
B r a c k e n p h i l o s c i a Ortiz, Debrás & Lalana, 1999

Brackenphiloscia vandeli Ortiz, Debrás & Lalana, 1999
BIBL. – ORTIZ et alii 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – Cuba.
B r a c k e n r i d g i a Ulrich, 1902
Brackenridgia acostai (Rioja, 1951)
SYN. – Protrichoniscus a.
BIBL. – RIOJA 1951b (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); VANDEL 1965e; SCHULTZ 1984a; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: Chiapas region.
Brackenridgia bridgesi (Van Name, 1942)
SYN. – Protrichoniscus b., potosinus
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1942; RIOJA 1950 (figs.); MULAIK 1960; VANDEL 1965e (figs.); SCHULTZ
1968a (figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: provinces of Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosí Luis Potosí.
Brackenridgia cavernarum Ulrich, 1902
SYN. – Protrichoniscus c.
BIBL. – ULRICH 1902; RICHARDSON 1905 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1965e (figs.); SCHULTZ
1984a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – USA: Texas.
Brackenridgia heroldi Arcangeli, 1932
SYN. – Protrichoniscus h.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932i (figs.); VAN NAME 1936, 1942; MULAIK & MULAIK 1942, 1943;
VANDEL 1953a (figs.), 1965e; GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992;
Brackenridgia palmitensis (Mulaik, 1960)
SYN. – Protrichoniscus p.
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); VANDEL 1965e; SCHULTZ 1984a.
DISTR. – Northern Mexico.
Brackenridgia reddelli (Vandel, 1965)
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965e (figs.); SCHULTZ 1984a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Brackenridgia sphinxensis Schultz, 1984
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1984a (figs.); BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – USA: Arizona.
Brackenridgia villalobosi (Rioja, 1950)
BIBL. – RIOJA 1950 (figs.); MULAIK 1960; VANDEL 1965e (figs.); SCHULTZ 1984a; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: province of Veracruz.
Brasilocellio nodulosus Verhoeff, 1941 = Neotroponiscus argentinus

Brasilocellio plaumanni Andersson, 1960 = Neotroponiscus p.
B r a s i l o n i s c u s Lemos de Castro, 1973

Crinocheta: family Pudeoniscidae
Brasiloniscus maculatus Lemos de Castro, 1973
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1973 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil.
Brasiloniscus verrucosus Lemos de Castro, 1973
DISTR. – Brazil: state of Rio de Janeiro.
B r e v u r u s Schmalfuss, 1986
58
Brevurus masandaranus Schmalfuss, 1986

DISTR. – Northern Iran.
Brianiscus alzonae (Brian, 1921) = Alpioniscus fragilis
B u c h n e r i l l o Verhoeff, 1942
Section and family uncertain
REMARKS. – In my view the genus Buchnerillo is not closely related to Buddelundiella and
does not belong to the Synocheta, but could be close to Armadilloniscus and thus should
perhaps be included in the Detonidae and the Crinocheta (eyes with more than 3
ommatidia, comparable structure of antennula, antenna, maxillula and pereiopods, see
VANDEL 1960a; FERRARA 1974a; TAITI & FERRARA 1989a).
Buchnerillo litoralis Verhoeff, 1942
SYN. – Lereboulletia littoralis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942a (figs.); VANDEL 1945a (figs.), 1954n, 1960a (p. 400, figs.), 1960b;
PALMÉN 1948; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973a (figs.), 1973c; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b;
TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO &
MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; CRUZ 1991b; ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; TAITI &
FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – Shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Madeira.
Buchnerillo oceanicus Ferrara, 1974
BIBL. – FERRARA 1974a (figs.); CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Coast of Somalia.
B u d d e l u n d i a Michaelsen, 1912 (in BUDDE-LUND 1912a)

Buddelundia albinogrisescens Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); WARBURG 1965a, 1968b; VANDEL 1973c; GREENAWAY &
WARBURG 1998; GREEN et alii 2002.
Buddelundia albomaculata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Armadillo a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1912a (figs.); WAHRBERG 1922a; VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et
alii 2002.
Buddelundia albomarginata Wahrberg, 1922
DISTR. – Western Australia and South Australia.
Buddelundia binotata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
alii 2002.
Buddelundia bipartita (Budde-Lund, 1912)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1912a (figs.); WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000;
GREEN et alii 2002.
Buddelundia bulbosa Wahrberg, 1922
Buddelundia callosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Armadillo c.
alii 2002.
Buddelundia cinerascens (Budde-Lund, 1912)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1912a (figs.); WAHRBERG 1922a; VANDEL 1973c; BUNN & GREEN 1982;
DALENS 1992a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002; JUDD & HORWITZ 2003.
Buddelundia flava (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Armadillo f.
alii 2002.
59
Buddelundia frontosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)

BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1912a (figs.); WAHRBERG 1922a; WARBURG 1965a; VANDEL 1973c;
JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia and South Australia.
Buddelundia grisea Dalens, 1992
BIBL. – DALENS 1992a (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
Buddelundia hirsuta Dalens, 1992
Buddelundia humphreysi Dalens, 1992
Buddelundia inaequalis (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Armadillo i.
alii 2002; JUDD & HORWITZ 2003.
Buddelundia labiata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Armadillo l.
alii 2002.
Buddelundia laevigata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
alii 2002.
Buddelundia lateralis (Budde-Lund, 1913)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913a (figs.); WAHRBERG 1922a; WARBURG 1965a; VANDEL 1973c;
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales, South Australia.
Buddelundia monticola (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Armadillo m.
GREEN et alii 2002.
Buddelundia nigripes (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Armadillo n.
alii 2002.
Buddelundia nitidissima (Budde-Lund, 1912)
Buddelundia opaca (Budde-Lund, 1912)
Buddelundia quadritracheata (Budde-Lund, 1913)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913a; (figs.) WAHRBERG 1922a; VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et
alii 2002.
Buddelundia rugifrons (Budde-Lund, 1912)
alii 2002.
Buddelundia subinermis (Budde-Lund, 1912)
alii 2002.
60
Buddelundia sulcata (Budde-Lund, 1912)

alii 2002.
Buddelundia tomentosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)
alii 2002.
Buddelundia zebricolor Dalens, 1992
B u d d e l u n d i e l l a Silvestri, 1897
Buddelundiella armata Silvestri, 1897
BIBL. – SILVESTRI 1897a (figs.); BRIAN 1921 (figs.), 1925 (figs.), 1948 (figs.), 1953b (figs.),
1954b; ARCANGELI 1923a, 1948e; VERHOEFF 1930b (figs.), 1930c (figs.); PALMÉN 1948
(figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Buddelundiella biancheriae Brian, 1954
BIBL. – BRIAN 1954b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Buddelundiella borgensis Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936b (figs.), 1938c; ARCANGELI 1948e; PALMÉN 1948; BRIAN 1951a (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NW-Italy. The specimens identified by VANDEL 1954n as B. borgensis from Corsica
are B. cataractae (see VANDEL 1960a).
Buddelundiella caprae Brian, 1936
BIBL. – BRIAN 1936 (figs.), 1948a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1948e; PALMÉN 1948; BRIAN 1950;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Buddelundiella cataractae Verhoeff, 1930
Orig. descr., figs.: VERHOEFF 1930c.
Descr., figs.: VANDEL 1945a; PALMÉN 1948; GRUNER 1953, 1966a; VANDEL 1960a; TABACARU
1971; CARUSO & BRISOLESE 1974; HARDING & SUTTON 1985.
Morph.: FLASAROVÁ 1967 (stomach); SCHMALFUSS 1977b.
Distr.: VANDEL 1960a ((Figs.)); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); FLASAROVÁ
1968b (former CS); CARUSO & BRISOLESE 1974 (I); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (I); HARDING &
SUTTON 1985 (British Isles); CARUSO et alii 1987(Sicily, Malta, map); FLASAROVÁ 1995
(Czechia); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996 (Balearic Islands); TAITI & FERRARA 1996 (Corsica);
KORSÓS ET ALII 2002 (H).
Bibl.: BRIAN 1950; GRUNER 1966a; CARUSO & COSTA 1978; CARUSO 1982a; TAITI & FERRARA
1989c; FLASAROVÁ 1991.
DISTR. – Europe.
Buddelundiella franciscoliana Brian, 1953
BIBL. – BRIAN 1953b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1982,
1995.
Buddelundiella insubrica Verhoeff, 1938
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938c (figs.); ARCANGELI 1948e; PALMÉN 1948; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU
Buddelundiella revasi Borutzky, 1973 = Borutzkyella r. (compare TABACARU 1993a: 50)
Buddelundiella sanfilippoi Brian, 1951
BIBL. – BRIAN 1951a (figs.), 1954b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971; ARGANO et alii
1982, 1995; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1995b.
DISTR. – Italy: Liguria and Tuscany.
Buddelundiella serbani Tabacaru, 1971
BIBL. – TABACARU 1971 (figs.), 1993a (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania: dep. Gorj.
Buddelundiella sporadica Schmalfuss, 1981
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1981a (figs.).
DISTR. – Central Greece: island Giúra (Northern Sporades).
Buddelundiella voluta Verhoeff, 1930
SYN. – B. zangherii
61
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930b (figs.), 1932b, 1936b, 1938c; ARCANGELI 1948e, 1953d (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Liguria and Apennines.
Buddelundiella zangherii Arcangeli, 1953 = B. voluta (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1989c).
Buddelundiella zimmeri Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930b (figs.), 1932b, 1936b; ARCANGELI 1948e; PALMÉN 1948; BRIAN 1954b;
VANDEL 1957h, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1971 (figs.); ARGANO et alii
1995.
DISTR. – NW-Italy; SE-France.
Buddelundiscus annulicornis Verhoeff, 1942 = Aphiloscia verhoeffi
incertum
“Buddelundiscus” marangus Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Kilimanjaro.
“Buddelundiscus” marginatus Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a.
REMARKS. – FERRARA & TAITI (1984) suppose that this species could be a synonym of
Afrophiloscia uncinata.
B u l g a r o n e t h e s Vandel, 1967
Bulgaronethes haplophthalmoides Vandel, 1967
BIBL. – VANDEL 1967a (figs.); TABACARU 1996a; ANDREEV 2002.
DISTR. – Bulgaria: dep. Pazardzik.
Bulgaroniscus gueorguievi Vandel, 1965 = Cyphoniscellus g.
B u r e s c h i a Verhoeff, 1926
Bureschia bulgarica Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926b (figs.); GUEORGUIEV & BERON 1962; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965c;
FLASAROVÁ 1967 (figs.); ANDREEV 1972; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Bulgaria: district Sofia.
B u r m o n i s c u s Collinge, 1914
Burmoniscus acutitelson (Ferrara & Taiti, 1983)
SYN. – Rennelloscia a.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1983b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
DISTR. – Seychelles: islands Mahé and Praslin.
Burmoniscus anderssoni Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
BIBL. – TAITI & MANICASTRI 1988 (figs.).
Burmoniscus angusticauda (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia a., Setaphora a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ?DOLLFUS 1900; ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; JACKSON 1936,
1941; TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Borneo.
Burmoniscus anophthalmus Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Burmoniscus aokii (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora a.
Burmoniscus arcangelii Kwon & Jeon, 1993
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (sub Philoscia truncata non Dollfus), 1952e (sub Setaphora
truncata non Dollfus); KWON & JEON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Burmoniscus bannicus Dai & Cai, 1998
BIBL. – DAI & CAI 1998 (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-China: Yunnan Province.
62
Burmoniscus baoshanensis Nunomura & Xie, 2000

BIBL. – NUNOMURA & XIE 2000 (figs.).
Burmoniscus bartolozzii Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
BIBL. – TAITI & MANICASTRI 1988 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Burmoniscus beroni Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus besucheti Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus bicolor Nunomura, 2001
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2001b (figs.).
Burmoniscus boninensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora b.
Burmoniscus brevistylus Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Burmoniscus calcaratus Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus cederholmi Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus clarus Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus coecus (Budde-Lund, 1894)
SYN. – B. moulinensis, moulmeinus, Philoscia c., moulmeinus, Setaphora c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1894; COLLINGE 1914a (figs.); ARCANGELI ?1927b, ?1952e; VANDEL 1958i;
TAITI & FERRARA 1986a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Burma: Moulmein.
Burmoniscus comptus (Budde-Lund, 1894)
SYN. – Philoscia c., Setaphora c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1894; ARCANGELI ?1927b, ?1952e; TAITI & FERRARA 1986a (figs.); JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Burma: Monti Carin.
Burmoniscus cycloopi (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Rennelloscia c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
Burmoniscus daitoensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora d.
Burmoniscus dasystylus Nunomura, 2003
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2003d (figs.).
DISTR. – Japan: Miyazaki Prefecture.
Burmoniscus davisi Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus denticulatus (Ferrara & Taiti, 1983)
SYN. – Rennelloscia d.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1983b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
DISTR. – Seychelles: island Mahé.
Burmoniscus ferrarai (Schmalfuss, 1983)
SYN. – Rennelloscia f.
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1983a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
DISTR. – Nepal.
Burmoniscus flavivertex Kwon & Taiti, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000; NUNOMURA & XIE 2000.
DISTR. – China: Yunnan.
Burmoniscus gibbosus Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
63
Burmoniscus gracilis Nunomura & Xie, 2000

Burmoniscus hamadryas Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Burmoniscus ifugaoensis Kwon & Kim, 2002
BIBL. – KWON & KIM 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Philippines: island Luzon.
Burmoniscus ilamius (Schmalfuss, 1983)
SYN. – Rennelloscia i.
DISTR. – Nepal.
Burmoniscus japonicus (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora j.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1986 (figs.), 1999a, 2003d; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Burmoniscus javanensis (Richardson, 1922)
SYN. – B. mucronatus, Chaetophiloscia formosana, Philoscia j., Rennelloscia mucronata
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1922b; VERHOEFF 1928b; VANDEL 1973b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a;
TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.); KWON & JEON 1993; KWON & TAITI 1993; SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Réunion; India; Indonesia; Malaysia; New Guinea; Taiwan.
Burmoniscus kagoshimaensis Nunomura, 2003
DISTR. – Japan: Kagoshima Prefecture.
Burmoniscus kathmandius (Schmalfuss, 1983)
SYN. – Rennelloscia k.
DISTR. – Nepal.
Burmoniscus kempi Collinge, 1916
SYN. – Rennelloscia k., Setaphora k.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1916b (figs.); VANDEL 1958i, 1972f (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
DISTR. – Assam.
Burmoniscus kohleri (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978)
SYN. – Rennelloscia k.
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.), 1982; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a, 1986a; FERRARA &
SCHMALFUSS 1983, 1985; LEISTIKOW 2000b (figs.).
DISTR. – Cameroon; island São Tomé (Gulf of Guinea); Guatemala.
Burmoniscus lobatus Kwon & Taiti, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); DAI & CAI 1998 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – China: Yunnan and Guangxi.
Burmoniscus loebli Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus longicaudatus Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus macrocephalus (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Rennelloscia m.
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island Kolombangara.
Burmoniscus martensi (Vandel, 1973)
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1983a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
DISTR. – Nepal.
Burmoniscus mauritiensis (Taiti & Ferrara, 1983)
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1983a (figs.), 1986a, 1991b; KWON 1993, 1995; KWON & JEON 1993;
KWON & TAITI 1993; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996.
DISTR. – Mauritius; China; Hong Kong; Korea; Hawaii.
Burmoniscus meeusei (Holthuis, 1947)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia m.
BIBL. – HOLTHUIS 1947; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; TAITI & FERRARA 1991b (figs.); KWON & JEON
1993; ARAUJO et alii 1996 (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996, 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998.
DISTR. – England (greenhouses); Hawaii; Brazil; Taiwan.
Burmoniscus menglunensis Dai & Cai, 1998
Burmoniscus microlobatus (Vandel, 1971)
64
BIBL. – VANDEL 1971b (figs.), 1973b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
DISTR. – Bismarck Archipelago: New Ireland; Solomon Archipelago: Rennell Island.
Burmoniscus micropunctatus Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus mossambicus (Ferrara & Taiti, 1985)
SYN. – Rennelloscia p.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985d (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a.
Burmoniscus moulmeinus Collinge, 1914 = B. coecus
Burmoniscus mucronatus (Vandel, 1973) = B. javanensis
Burmoniscus murotoensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora m.
DISTR. – Japan.
Burmoniscus novabritannicus (Vandel, 1973)
DISTR. – New Guinea; Bismarck Archipelago; Solomon Archipelago.
Burmoniscus ocellatus (Verhoeff, 1928)
SYN. – Formososcia p.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928b; TAITI & FERRARA 1986a (figs.); DUDGEON et alii 1990; MÂLE et alii
1991; KWON & JEON 1993 (figs.); KWON & TAITI 1993.
DISTR. – Southern China; Hong Kong; Taiwan.
Burmoniscus okinawaensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora o.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1986, 1999a; TAITI & FERRARA 1991b (figs.); KWON & JEON 1993; KWON &
TAITI 1993; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; SAITO et alii 2000; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern China; Hong Kong; Japan; Hawaiian Islands.
Burmoniscus orientalis Green, Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
BIBL. – GREEN et alii 1990 (figs.).
DISTR. – West Java and Krakatau Islands.
Burmoniscus palawanensis Kim & Kwon, 2002
BIBL. – KIM & KWON 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Philippines: Palawan Island.
Burmoniscus paniaiensis (Vandel, 1973)
Burmoniscus parviocellatus Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus phanganensis Jeon & Kwon, 2001
BIBL. – JEON & KWON 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Thailand: Surat Thani.
Burmoniscus philippinensis Kim & Kwon, 2002
BIBL. – KIM & KWON 2002 (figs.).
Burmoniscus punctatus Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992
Burmoniscus purpura Kwon & Taiti, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – China: Nanjing.
Burmoniscus rakataensis Green, Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
DISTR. – Indonesia: Krakatau Islands.
Burmoniscus rowei Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus schultzi Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992
SYN. – Vavoscia javanensis (nec Philoscia javanensis Richardson, 1922).
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1985; TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: Java and Togian Islands (Sulawesi).
Burmoniscus setiger Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus shibatai (Nunomura, 1986)
65
SYN. – Setaphora s.
Burmoniscus siamensis Jeon & Kwon, 2001
DISTR. – Thailand: Surat Thani.
Burmoniscus somalus (Ferrara, 1975)
SYN. – Rennelloscia s.
BIBL. – FERRARA 1975b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.),
1986a.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Burmoniscus stilifer Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
Burmoniscus taitii Kwon & Kim, 2002
BIBL. – KWON & KIM 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Philippines: island Luzon.
Burmoniscus tanabensis Nunomura, 2003
DISTR. – Japan: Wakayama Prefecture.
Burmoniscus tengchongensis Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Burmoniscus thorntoni Green, Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
DISTR. – West Java.
Burmoniscus togianensis Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992
Burmoniscus variegatus (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Philoscia cinctella, v.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: Sulawesi.
Burmoniscus vaughani Green, Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
DISTR. – South Sumatra.
Burmoniscus veliger Green, Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
DISTR. – South Sumatra.
Burmoniscus watanabei (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Setaphora w.
Burmoniscus wolffi (Vandel, 1971)
SYN. – Rennelloscia w.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1971b (figs.), 1973b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986a; DALENS 1988; KWON &
JEON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – New Guinea; Bismarck Archipelago; Solomon Archipelago; Tonga Archipelago;
Samoa Archipelago; Taiwan.
Burmoniscus xanthocephalus Taiti & Manicastri, 1988
BIBL. – TAITI & MANICASTRI 1988 (figs.); KWON & JEON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sri Lanka; Taiwan.
Burmoniscus yiwuensis Dai & Cai, 1998
Burmoniscus yunnanensis Kwon & Taiti, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000; NUNOMURA & XIE 2000.
C a e r o p l a s t e s Verhoeff, 1918
Caeroplastes buchneri Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933c, 1940d, 1942g, 1944; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Caeroplastes porphyrivagus (Verhoeff, 1918)
SYN. – C. simrothi, Metoponorthus p., Porcellio sardiniae, Porcellionides sardiniae,
simrothi
66
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.), 1932b, 1936b; ARCANGELI 1932o (figs.), 1950a; VANDEL
1946b, 1948(figs.), 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southeastern France; Sardinia.
Caeroplastes simrothi (Verhoeff, 1918) = C. porphyrivagus
Caeroplastes sorrentinus (Verhoeff, 1918)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1929c, 1960c; STROUHAL 1937e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
DISTR. – Italy: peninsula of Sorrento.
C a l c o n i s c e l l u s Verhoeff, 1927
Calconiscellus aegaeus Schmalfuss, 1972 = Graeconiscus thermophilus (compare SCHMALFUSS et
alii 2004)
Calconiscellus bertkaui (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Leucocyphoniscus b., Pleurocyphoniscus b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1908e; ARCANGELI 1923a; STROUHAL 1940a, 1951; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – ?Eastern Alps.
Calconiscellus castelmartius (Verhoeff, 1938)
SYN. – Cyphoniscellus c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938c (figs.); STROUHAL 1940a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: W Como.
Calconiscellus gibbosus (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – Cyphoniscellus g., Leucocyphoniscus g.
BIBL. – CARL 1908a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1923a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1927b; STROUHAL 1940a;
VANDEL 1964d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Switzerland: Monte Generoso.
Calconiscellus gottscheensis (Verhoeff, 1927)
SYN. – Cyphoniscellus g.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1927b (figs.), 1930c (figs.); STROUHAL 1940a, 1948a (figs.); BUTUROVIĆ
1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979, 1989; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980.
DISTR. – Slovenia.
Calconiscellus karawankianus (Verhoeff, 1908)
SYN. – C. styricus, Cyphoniscellus k., styricus, Leucocyphoniscus k., Pleurocyphoniscus k.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e (figs.), 1927b (figs.), 1930c; ARCANGELI 1923a; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY
1930b; KESSELYÁK 1930a; MÖDLINGER 1931; STROUHAL 1940a, 1948a (figs.), 1948c, 1951;
VANDEL 1950e; STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b;
KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; FARKAS
2004b.
DISTR. – Southeastern Austria; Slovenia; Hungary.
Calconiscellus malanchinii Arcangeli, 1946
DISTR. – Northern Italy: province Bergamo.
Calconiscellus styricus (Verhoeff, 1930) = C. karawankianus
Calconiscellus zanerae Brian, 1954
BIBL. – BRIAN 1954a (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Lazio.
C a l e d o n i l l o Dalens, 1993
Caledonillo brunneus Dalens, 1993
Caledonillo tillierorum Dalens, 1993
C a l m a n e s i a Collinge, 1922
Calmanesia erinaceus Barnard, 1958
Calmanesia horrida (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Armadillo h.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908; BARNARD 1958; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Calmanesia lonchotes Barnard, 1960
67
BIBL. – BARNARD 1960c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.

Calmanesia methueni Collinge, 1922
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1922b (figs.); JACKSON 1928a; BARNARD 1958; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
C a l y c u o n i s c u s Collinge, 1915
Crinocheta: family Dubioniscidae
Calycuoniscus ambiguus (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Alloniscus a., Gedania a., Trichorhina a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1908, 1913b; VAN NAME 1936; JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMIDT 2003
(figs.!!).
Calycuoniscus barbouri (Van Name, 1926) = Phalloniscus b.
Calycuoniscus bodkini Collinge, 1915
SYN. – Phalloniscus b.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1915b (figs.), 1917b; VAN NAME 1936; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960, 1968 (figs.);
SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Trinidad; Guyana; Brazil: Amazonia.
Calycuoniscus compar (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Alloniscus c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893; VAN NAME 1936; ?ARCANGELI 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1986b (p.
1363); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000. – Non: ARCANGELI 1958b; VANDEL 1952d,
1977c (= Littorophiloscia tropicalis).
Calycuoniscus goeldii (Lemos de Castro, 1967) = Dubioniscus g.
Calycuoniscus spinosus Collinge, 1917
SYN. – Phalloniscus s.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1917b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960; SCHULTZ 1995a;
DISTR. – Trinidad (Caribbean).
Camorta nicobarica Barnard, 1936 = Olibrinus antennatus
C a n t a b r o n i s c u s Vandel, 1965
Cantabroniscus primitivus Vandel, 1965
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965b (figs.), 1966b (figs.), 1967b; ERHARD 1997 (figs.); TABACARU 1999;
TABACARU & GIURGINCA 2003b (figs.).
C a r a i b o s c i a Vandel, 1968
Caraiboscia christiani Leistikow, 2001
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 2001h (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Venezuela: Península de Paria.
Caraiboscia microphthalma Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001h (figs.).
DISTR. – Galapagos Islands.
C a r l o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1936
Carloniscus dollfusi (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – Leucocyphoniscus d.
BIBL. – CARL 1908b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1923a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1927b, 1936b; STROUHAL
1940a; VANDEL 1948f, 1950e, 1954n, 1960a (p. 388, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI &
FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – Eastern Alps (France, Switzerland) and Corsica.
C a s t e l l o n e t h e s Brian, 1952
Castellonethes sanfilippoi Brian, 1952
BIBL. – BRIAN 1952a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: Bari.
C a t a l a u n i s c u s Vandel, 1953
68

Catalauniscus bolivari (Arcangeli, 1935)
SYN. – Nesiotoniscus b.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935e (figs.); VANDEL 1953g (figs.), 1972a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ
& DALENS 1989 (figs.); CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – NE-Spain.
Catalauniscus espanoli Vandel, 1953
SYN. – Oritoniscus lagari
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953g (figs.), 1972a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a.
Catalauniscus hirundinella Argano, 1973
BIBL. – ARGANO 1973 (figs.); ARGANO & RAMPINI 1973; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Catalauniscus puddui Argano, 1973
C a u c a s o c y p h o n e t h e s Borutzky, 1948
Caucasocyphonethes cavaticus Borutzky, 1948
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1948b (figs.), 1972a, 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Russia: western Caucasus around Sochi.
C a u c a s o l i g i d i u m Borutzky, 1950
Diplocheta: family Ligiidae
Caucasoligidium cavernicola Borutzky, 1950
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1950 (figs.), 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Caucasus: western Georgia.
C a u c a s o n e t h e s Verhoeff, 1932
Caucasonethes borutzkyi Verhoeff, 1932
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1932a (figs.); VANDEL 1953a, 1965e.
DISTR. – Caucasus: Georgia near Kutaisi.
Caucasonethes gipsocolus Vandel, 1965 = Amerigoniscus g. (compare VANDEL 1977b)
Caucasonethes henroti Vandel, 1950 = Amerigoniscus h
Caucasonethes nicholasi Vandel, 1965 = Amerigoniscus n. (compare VANDEL 1977b)
Caucasonethes paynei Muchmore, 1970 = Amerigoniscus nicholasi (compare VANDEL 1977b)
Caucasonethes rothi Vandel, 1953 = Amerigoniscus r. (compare VANDEL 1977b)
Caucasonethes vandeli Tabacaru, 1993
BIBL. – TABACARU 1993b (figs.), 1994; ERHARD 1997.
DISTR. – Romania: Dobrogea.
C e p h a l o n i s c u s Ferrara & Taiti, 1989

Crinocheta: family Platyarthridae
Cephaloniscus sociabilis Ferrara & Taiti, 1989
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1989b (figs.).
DISTR. – Malaysia: Pahang State.
C e r b e r o i d e s Jackson, 1941
REMARKS. – The three species united by JACKSON under this genus certainly belong to three
different genera or even families.
Cerberoides bicornis Jackson, 1938
BIBL. – JACKSON 1938 (figs.), 1941.
DISTR. – Southeastern Polynesia: “Rapa”.
Cerberoides brevicauda Jackson, 1938
Cerberoides pilosus Jackson, 1938
Cercocytonus albescens Budde-Lund, 1885 = Periscyphis a.

Cercocytonus convexus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Periscyphis c.
69
C h a e t o p h i l o s c i a Verhoeff, 1908
Chaetophiloscia africana Schmölzer, 1974 = Anchiphiloscia a.
Chaetophiloscia aharonii Verhoeff, 1923 = C. elongata
Chaetophiloscia almana Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967
BIBL. – VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1991b (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Antakya District.
Chaetophiloscia attica (Verhoeff, 1901)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901(figs.), 1908a, 1923; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937a, 1938b; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; DALENS 1968a; VANDEL 1969b (figs.) ; SCHMALFUSS 1990a.
DISTR. – Greece.
REMARKS. – It has yet to be clarified whether this is a separate species or a variation of C.
cellaria.
Chaetophiloscia balssi Verhoeff, 1928 = Anchiphiloscia b.
Chaetophiloscia cellaria (Dollfus, 1884)
SYN. – C. italica, magnopunctata, pallida, piligera, pseudocellaria, solerii, Neophiloscia
magnopunctata, Philoscia c., italica, pseudocellaria, solerii
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1884; VERHOEFF 1928d; STROUHAL 1929c; ARCANGELI 1934a, 1937a; BRIAN
1957a; VANDEL 1962b (p. 493, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; CARUSO et alii
1987; CRUZ 1991a; SCHMALFUSS 1990a (figs.), 1991b (figs.), 1999; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b,
1993a; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; TAITI &
FERRARA 1996; LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Northern Mediterranean region from Spain to Greece.
Chaetophiloscia dartevellei (Brian, 1953) = Littorophiloscia culebrae (compare Taiti & Ferrara
1986b: 1358)
Chaetophiloscia dorsalis Verhoeff, 1928 = Ctenoscia d.
Chaetophiloscia elongata (Dollfus, 1884)
SYN. – C. aharonii, syriaca, Philoscia e., pulchella
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1884; VERHOEFF 1908(figs.), 1923 (figs.); KESSELYÁK 1930a; STROUHAL 1936b,
1966a, 1968c; FRANKENBERGER 1941b; VANDEL 1943, 1955f (figs.), 1962b (figs.), 1965a
(figs.); DALENS 1965b, 1966b, 1968a, 1968c, 1971a, 1974b, 1975; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
KARAMAN 1966b; AMANIEU 1969; CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975
(figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b; CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii 1984; SCHMALFUSS 1986d,
1990a (figs.), 1991b (figs.), 1999; CARUSO et alii 1987; CRUZ 1991b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b,
1996b; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993, 1996; JUCHAULT et alii 1994; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1996;
ARGANO et alii 1995; HORNUNG & WARBURG 1996; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999; MICHEL-
SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000; SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Mediterranean region, also coast of the Black Sea in Bulgaria.
Chaetophiloscia formosana Verhoeff, 1928 = Burmoniscus javanensis
“Chaetophiloscia” frontalis Lemos de Castro, 1967
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Chaetophiloscia galapagensis Andersson, 1960 = Prosekia g.
“Chaetophiloscia” gatunensis (Van Name, 1926)
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1926, 1936; ARCANGELI 1930b; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967; BOYKO 1997; SOUZA-
KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Costa Rica; Panama; ?Brazil: Amazonia, Pará.
REMARKS. – Probably the specimens recorded from Brazil do not belong to this species.
Chaetophiloscia glandulifera Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908f (figs.), 1923, 1930a, 1933b, 1936b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii
1995.
Chaetophiloscia gravosensis (Verhoeff, 1901)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1908a, 1908(figs.), 1923; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia and Bosnia.
“Chaetophiloscia” grayi Vandel, 1973
Chaetophiloscia guernei (Dollfus, 1887)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887b; VANDEL 1956a (figs.), 1968a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI
1979.
DISTR. – Azores.
Chaetophiloscia hadjissarantosi Strouhal, 1938
70

REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of C. cellaria.
Chaetophiloscia hamigera Vandel, 1952 = Androdeloscia h. (compare LEISTIKOW 1999a)
Chaetophiloscia hastata Verhoeff, 1929
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c, 1929a; FRANKENBERGER 1939c; RADU, V. V. 1959b (figs.); RADU, V.
G. 1960c (figs.), 1985; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; STROUHAL 1968c; SHEREEF 1970;
DALENS 1973a , 1974a; SCHMALFUSS 1990a (figs.), 1991b; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; ARGANO
et alii 1995; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000; ANDREEV 2002.
DISTR. – Coastal regions of the northeastern Mediterranean from Italy to Cyprus and of the
Black Sea; Azerbaijan; Iraq: Baghdad.
Chaetophiloscia illyrica (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Philoscia i.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901(figs.), 1908(figs.), 1923; KESSELYÁK 1930a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia.
Chaetophiloscia italica (Verhoeff, 1901) = C. cellaria
Chaetophiloscia kinzelbachi Schmalfuss, 1986
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1986d (figs.), 1991b.
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Antakya District; Syria: Latakia.
Chaetophiloscia lagoi (Arcangeli, 1934)
SYN. – Philoscia l.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934a (figs.), 1937a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; STROUHAL 1968c (figs.);
SCHMALFUSS 1972b, 1979b, 1990a (figs.), 1991b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; HORNUNG &
WARBURG 1996; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Greece: island Ródos; Cyprus; northern Israel.
Chaetophiloscia leucadia Strouhal, 1936
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1936a (figs.), 1936b, 1937a; SCHMALFUSS 1990a (figs.), 1999.
DISTR. – Northwestern Greece including the Ionian islands.
Chaetophiloscia magnopunctata (Strouhal, 1929) = C. cellaria
Chaetophiloscia massoncellensis Verhoeff, 1931 = C. sicula (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1986a)
Chaetophiloscia meeusei Holthuis, 1947 = Burmoniscus m.
Chaetophiloscia pallida Verhoeff, 1928 = C. cellaria
Chaetophiloscia patiencei (Bagnall, 1908) = “Setaphora” p.
Chaetophiloscia paulensis (Moreira, 1927) = Atlantoscia floridana
Chaetophiloscia pearsi Vandel, 1952 = Prosekia p.
Chaetophiloscia penteliconensis (Verhoeff, 1901)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901(figs.), 1908(figs.), 1923; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937a, 1938b; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – Greece: Attica.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with C. cellaria.
Chaetophiloscia piligera Verhoeff, 1908 = C. cellaria
Chaetophiloscia pseudocellaria (Arcangeli, 1934) = C. cellaria
Chaetophiloscia rutilans Vandel, 1952 = Prosekia r. (compare LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999)
Chaetophiloscia sicula Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – C. massoncellensis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908(figs.), 1931b, 1942g; VANDEL 1962b (figs.); DALENS 1965b, 1966a,
1966b, 1968a, 1968b, 1971a, 1971b, 1973c, 1975; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; FERRARA &
TAITI 1986a; CRUZ 1991b; SCHMALFUSS 1990a (figs.); RODRIGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993c;
MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; TAITI & FERRARA 1995b, 1996; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; GIURGINCA
& VANOAICA 1999; HORNUNG & SZLÁVECZ 2003.
DISTR. – Canary Islands; southern France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; central Greece; introduced
in USA.
Chaetophiloscia solerii (Arcangeli, 1937) = C. cellaria
Chaetophiloscia splitensis Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.), 1938d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Slovenia; Croatia.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with C. cellaria.
“Chaetophiloscia” starostini Borutzky, 1953
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1953 (figs.), 1972b.
DISTR. – Tadjikistan.
Chaetophiloscia suarezi (Dollfus, 1895) = Anchiphiloscia s.
Chaetophiloscia syriaca Verhoeff, 1949 = C. elongata
Chaetophiloscia walkeri (Pearse, 1916) = nomen dubium (see LEISTIKOW 2001(figs.))
Chaetophiloscia warburgi Schmalfuss, 1991
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1991b (figs.); HORNUNG & WARBURG 1996; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
Chaetophiloscia weisi Schmölzer, 1965
71

C h a s m a t o n i s c u s Strouhal, 1971
Chasmatoniscus oculatus Strouhal, 1971
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1971 (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: Ereğli (coast of Black Sea).
Chavesia costulata Dollfus, 1889 = Haplophthalmus danicus
C h e l o m a d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Chelomadillo nitens Herold, 1931
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: island Flores.
Chelomadillo pustulosus Herold, 1931
Chelomadillo setosus Herold, 1931
Chelomadillo tuberifrons Herold, 1931
C h i l e o n i s c u s Taiti, Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1986

Chileoniscus marmoratus Taiti, Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1986
DISTR. – Central Chile.
Chiltonella tasmanica (Chilton, 1915) = Notoniscus t. (compare GREEN 1971)
Chiltonia tasmanica (Chilton, 1915) = Notoniscus t.
C i r c o n i s c u s Pearse, 1917
Circoniscus amazonicus Lima, 1996
BIBL. – LIMA 1996a (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
REMARKS. – The species is probably identical with the species identified by ANDERSSON
(1960b) as C. gaigei.
Circoniscus apeuensis (Lemos de Castro, 1967)
SYN. – Parsphaeroniscus a.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967, 1970a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1980b; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
Circoniscus bezzii Arcangeli, 1931
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1931b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VILELA et alii 1971; SOUZA & LEMOS DE
CASTRO 1991 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: states of Pará and Mato Grosso; Paraguay.
Circoniscus gaigei Pearse, 1917
BIBL. – PEARSE 1917; VAN NAME 1925, 1936, 1940; ARCANGELI 1927c; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE
1944a; ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967; SCHMALFUSS 1980b (figs.); SOUZA
& LEMOS DE CASTRO 1991 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; WARBURG et alii 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998;
DISTR. – Colombia: Santa Marta region; Brazil Amazonia; French Guiana; Guyana; Peru:
Iquitos.
REMARKS. – Because of the insufficient original description the identifications of this
species are doubtful, and several species may be lumped under this name.
Circoniscus gracilidens Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991
BIBL. – SOUZA & LEMOS DE CASTRO 1991 (figs.); SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Brazil: Rio de Janeiro.
Circoniscus hamatus Van Name, 1936
72
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1944a; SOUZA & LEMOS DE CASTRO 1991;
BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Guyana; French Guiana.
Circoniscus incisus Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991
BIBL. – SOUZA & LEMOS DE CASTRO 1991 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
Circoniscus intermedius Souza & Lemos de Castro, 1991
BIBL. – SOUZA & LEMOS DE CASTRO 1991 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: Mato Grosso.
Circoniscus pallidus Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936f (figs.); VAN NAME 1940; SOUZA & LEMOS DE CASTRO 1991; SOUZA-
KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: São Paulo.
Circoniscus spinosus (Collinge, 1917)
SYN. – Paracubaris s., Synarmadillo s.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1917a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c; VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); SOUZA & LEMOS DE
CASTRO 1991; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Guyana.
C l a v i g e r o n i s c u s Arcangeli, 1930
Synocheta: family Styloniscidae
Clavigeroniscus alticolus Vandel, 1972
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972g (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Colombia.
Clavigeroniscus mussaui Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – New Guinea; Solomon Archipelago; Bismarck Archipelago.
Clavigeroniscus orghidani Vandel, 1981
BIBL. – VANDEL 1981 (figs.).
DISTR. – Cuba.
Clavigeroniscus riquieri (Arcangeli, 1930)
SYN. – Afroniscus sassandrai, C. sassandrai, Fakoniscus pterydicola, Trichoniscus
pterydicola, r., sassandrai
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1930b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936, 1940; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940b; VANDEL
1952d, 1952f (figs.), 1968e; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982; FERRARA
& SCHMALFUSS 1983; PAOLETTI 1989; TAITI & FERRARA 1991b; TAITI et alii 1992; ERHARD
1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Pantropical.
Clavigeroniscus sassandrai (Paulian de Félice, 1940) = C. riquieri
C o a t o n i a Kensley, 1971
Coatonia phylloniscoides Kensley, 1971
C o l c h i d o n i s c u s Borutzky, 1974
Colchidoniscus kutaissianus Borutzky, 1974
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1974 (figs.).
DISTR. – Caucasus: western Georgia.
C o l o m b o n i s c u s Vandel, 1972
Colomboniscus regressus Vandel, 1972
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972g (figs.).
DISTR. – Colombia.
C o l o m b o p h i l o s c i a Leistikow, 2001
Colombophiloscia alticola Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); LEISTIKOW 2001h (figs.).
DISTR. – Ecuador: “Baños”.
Colombophiloscia cavernicola Vandel, 1968
73
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); SCHULTZ 1977b (figs.).

DISTR. – NE-Venezuela: district Monaguas; Guatemala.
Colombophiloscia naevigesta Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.).
DISTR. – Ecuador: Galapagos Islands.
“Colombophiloscia” romanorum Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Cuba.
REMARKS. – The author of this species described a genus “Colombophiloscia n. g.” in
1981, without reference to the homonymous genus he had created in 1968. So the present
species will certainly prove to belong to a different genus yet unnamed.
C o l o m b o s c i a Vandel, 1972
Colomboscia bituberculata Taiti, Allspach & Ferrara, 1995
DISTR. – Colombia: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Colomboscia cordillierae Vandel, 1972
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972g (figs.); TAITI et alii 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Colombia: eastern Cordillera, NW Florencia. The specimen from the neighborhood
of Bogotá mentioned by VANDEL (1972g) does not belong to this species (see TAITI et alii
1995).
C o n g e t h e l u m Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985

Congethelum hauseri Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Congo: “Mouyondizi”.
C o n g o c e l l i o Arcangeli, 1950
Congocellio uniformis Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zaire: Kivu.
C o n g o p h i l o s c i a Arcangeli, 1950
Congophiloscia albofasciata Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); BRIAN 1953a; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI
1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a.
DISTR. – Cabinda; Zaire; Angola.
Congophiloscia annobonensis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.).
Congophiloscia bolamae Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
DISTR. – Guinea Bissau: Bolama.
Congophiloscia longiantennata Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980a; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA
1982; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1983.
Congophiloscia saothomensis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980a; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS
1985.
DISTR. – Gulf of Guinea: São Tomé Island.
Congophiloscia striata Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
C o r d i o n i s c u s Graeve, 1914
Cordioniscus africanus Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955e (figs.), 1959b, 1968e; SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998.
Cordioniscus andreevi Schmalfuss & Erhard, 1998
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998 (figs.).
74

Cordioniscus antiparosi Andreev, 1985
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1985a (figs.), 1986b; SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998 (figs.); ANDREEV &
BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Antíparos.
Cordioniscus beroni Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968e (figs.); DALENS 1970a; SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1979b; SCHMALFUSS &
ERHARD 1998 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: Crete.
Cordioniscus bulgaricus Andreev, 1986
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1986a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – NW-Bulgaria.
Cordioniscus graecus Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959b (figs.), 1964c, 1968e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; DALENS 1970a; SCHMALFUSS
1979b; SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998 (figs.).
Cordioniscus graevei Schmalfuss & Erhard, 1998
DISTR. – Northern Greece.
Cordioniscus kalimnosi Andreev, 1997
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1997 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Kálimnos.
Cordioniscus kithnosi Andreev, 1986
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1986b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA
2000.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Kíthnos.
Cordioniscus laevis Rioja, 1956 = Mexiconiscus l.
“Cordioniscus” leleupi Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.), 1968e; SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998.
DISTR. – Ecuador: province Oriente.
Cordioniscus paragamiani Schmalfuss & Erhard, 1998
Cordioniscus patrizii Brian, 1955
BIBL. – BRIAN 1955a (figs.); VANDEL 1968e; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD
1998.
Cordioniscus schmalfussi Andreev, 2002
Cordioniscus spinosus (Patience, 1907) = Styloniscus s.
Cordioniscus stebbingi (Patience, 1907)
SYN. – Nesiotoniscus valentiae, Trichoniscus s.
BIBL. – PATIENCE 1907a; PACK-BERESFORD & FOSTER 1911, 1913; GRAEVE 1913, 1914; BOETTGER
1929; VANDEL 1933, 1952f (figs.), 1968a, 1968e; ARCANGELI 1935e (figs.); VAN NAME 1936;
HOLTHUIS 1945a, 1949, 1956; HATCH 1947; EDNEY 1953a; PLATE & FRÖMMING 1953; POLK
1959a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; GRUNER 1966a (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1971; SCHMALFUSS
& ERHARD 1998; SOUZA-KURY 1998; WOUTERS et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain. Synanthropically introduced all over the world, mainly in
greenhouses.
Cordioniscus vandeli Dalens, 1970
BIBL. – DALENS 1970a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979b; ANDREEV 1986b; SCHMALFUSS & ERHARD 1998
(figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Greece: district Kavála.
C o r o n a d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Coronadillo hamiltoni (Chilton, 1901)
SYN. – Armadillo h., Cubaris h., Spherillo h.
BIBL. – THOMSON 1893 (figs.); CHILTON 1901; BUDDE-LUND 1904; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950,
1961; VANDEL 1977a.
Coronadillo milleri (Chilton, 1917)
SYN. – Cubaris m.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1917c (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a (figs.).
Coronadillo suteri (Chilton, 1915)
SYN. – Cubaris s., Sphaerillo s.
75
BIBL. – CHILTON 1915a (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
Genus Cosmeodillo = Genus Cubaris (see TAITI et alii 1998)
Genus Coxopodias = Genus Synarmadillo
Cretodillium perplexum Vandel, 1958 = Schizidium p.
Cretoniscellus aegaeus (Schmalfuss, 1972) = Graeconiscus thermophilus (compare SCHMALFUSS

et alii 2004)
Cretoniscellus dryopeorum Vandel, 1964 = Graeconiscus d. (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004)
Cretoniscellus strinatii (Vandel, 1955) = Graeconiscus s. (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004)
Cretoniscellus strouhali Vandel, 1958 = Graeconiscus s. (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004)
C r i s t a r m a d i l l i d i u m Arcangeli, 1936
Cristarmadillidium brieuli Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: province Alicante.
Cristarmadillidium gavdense Schmalfuss, 1972 = Platanosphaera g. (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii
2004)
Cristarmadillidium muricatum (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillidium m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1935b (figs.), 1935e; VANDEL 1954a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b, 1971; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Spain: provinces Alicante and Valencia; Balearic island Ibiza.
C r i s t a r m a d i l l o Arcangeli, 1950
Cristarmadillo arcangelii Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983 (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1987.
DISTR. – Congo.
Cristarmadillo gerardi Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA et alii 1987 (figs.).
DISTR. – Zaire.
Cristarmadillo pardii Ferrara, Schmalfuss & Taiti, 1987
DISTR. – Zaire.
Ctenodillium strouhali Frankenberger, 1938 = Macrotelsonia s.
C t e n o r i l l o Verhoeff, 1942
Ctenorillo ausseli (Dollfus, 1893)
SYN. – Armadillo a., Cubaris a., Tuberdillo a.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893c; BUDDE-LUND 1904; ARCANGELI 1930a, 1957d (figs.), 1958a; VANDEL
1954k (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1971; HOESE 1981, 1982a, 1984c; FERRARA & TAITI 1990a (p.
490).
DISTR. – Western Canary Islands: La Palma, Hierro, Gomera and Tenerife.
Ctenorillo bananae (Van Name, 1920)
SYN. – Cubaris b., Diploexochus b., Pararmadillo b., Tuberdillo b., Venezillo b.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1920 (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a; ARCANGELI 1950b, 1957a; BRIAN
1953a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982, 1983; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS
1983 (figs.); BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – Southern Cameroon; Zaire; Angola.
Ctenorillo buddelundi Verhoeff, 1942
DISTR. – Uganda; ?Kenya.
Ctenorillo fagei (Paulian de Félice, 1941)
SYN. – Diploexochus f., Tuberdillo f., Venezillo f.
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS
& FERRARA 1983; TAITI et alii 1998.
DISTR. – Ivory Coast.
Ctenorillo gabunensis (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983)
SYN. – Tuberdillo g.
76
DISTR. – Gabon.
Ctenorillo guinensis (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983)
SYN. – Tuberdillo g.
DISTR. – Guinea: “Camayenne”.
Ctenorillo kenyensis Schmölzer, 1974
DISTR. – Uganda; Tanzania.
Ctenorillo legai (Arcangeli, 1941)
SYN. – Diploexochus l., Tuberdillo l., Venezillo l.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1941 (figs.), 1957a; FERRARA 1973b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia.
Ctenorillo mineri (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Cubaris m., Tuberdillo m., Venezillo m.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); VANDEL 1952d (figs.), 1963a; ARCANGELI 1957a; SCHMALFUSS &
FERRARA 1983; PAOLETTI 1989; BOYKO 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Venezuela; Guyana.
Ctenorillo parituberculatus (Taiti & Ferrara, 1987)
SYN. – Tuberdillo p.
DISTR. – Malawi.
Ctenorillo regulus (Van Name, 1920)
SYN. – Cubaris r., Diploexochus r., Pararmadillo r., Tuberdillo r., Venezillo r.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1920 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1941, 1950b (figs.), 1957a; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE
1941a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983 (figs.); BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – Zaire; Somalia.
Ctenorillo strinatii (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983)
SYN. – Tuberdillo s.
DISTR. – Congo.
C t e n o s c i a Verhoeff, 1928
Ctenoscia dorsalis (Verhoeff, 1928)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia d.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928d (figs.), 1928c; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1955d, 1965b, 1971; CARUSO 1973a
(figs.), 1973c, 1974, 1976; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982, 1995; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO
& MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; TAITI & FERRARA
1996.
DISTR. – Western Spain; Balearic Islands; Corsica; Sardinia; NW-Italy; Sicily and
surrounding islands; Malta.
Ctenoscia minima (Dollfus, 1892)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b; JACKSON 1926b; ARCANGELI 1936g, 1958a; VANDEL 1946b (figs.),
1953h, 1954k, 1961, 1969c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CARUSO 1968b, 1973c; HOESE 1981,
1984c; RODRIGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993c (figs.); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; TAITI & FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – Canary Islands (Tenerife); Portugal; Spain; Menorca Island; La Galite Archipelago.
C u b a n o p h i l o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Cubanophiloscia briani (Arcangeli, 1929)
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929e; BOONE, L. 1934; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1973f (figs.); LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba.
C u b a n o s c i a Vandel, 1981
Cubanoscia primitiva Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Cuba.
Cubanoscia proxima Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Cuba.
Cubanoscia romanorum Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Cuba.
77
C u b a r i s Brandt, 1833
Cubaris acapulcensis (Mulaik, 1960)
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: Guerrero.
Cubaris affinis (Dana, 1854) = “Armadillo” a.
Cubaris affinis Miers, 1877 = C. murina (compare VAN NAME 1936)
Cubaris africana Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Eastern Zambia; Malawi.
Cubaris aguayoi L. Boone, 1934 = Venezillo a. (compare VANDEL 1981)
Cubaris akermani Collinge, 1920 = Nataldillo burnupi (compare BARNARD 1932: 377)
Cubaris albolateralis Collinge, 1916
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1916b (figs.).
Cubaris alticola Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1983a (figs.).
DISTR. – Nepal.
Cubaris ambitiosa (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo a., Sphaerillo a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; THOMSON 1887; CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a, 1916b; JACKSON
1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1973c, 1977a; JEPPESEN 2000.
Cubaris annandalei Collinge, 1914 = Nesodillo a.
Cubaris anomala Gerstäcker, 1873 = Microcercus a.
Cubaris apachea Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942 = Venezillo a.
Cubaris arizonica Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942 = Venezillo a. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 119)
Cubaris ausseli (Dollfus, 1893) = Ctenorillo a.
Cubaris bananae Van Name, 1920 = Ctenorillo b.
Cubaris barbertoni (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Bethalus b.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1937, 1960a; LAWRENCE 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI &
FERRARA 1987.
DISTR. – South Africa; Mozambique.
Cubaris barnardi Collinge, 1920 = Barnardillo b. (compare TAITI & HARDING 1985)
Cubaris beebei Van Name, 1924 = Venezillo b. (compare VANDEL 1968: 57)
Cubaris benitensis (Mulaik, 1960)
DISTR. – Mexico: Baja California.
Cubaris bipunctatus (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Spherillo b.
Cubaris bocki (Verhoeff, 1938) = Nesodillo b.
Cubaris bolivari (Mulaik, 1960)
DISTR. – Mexico: Veracruz.
Cubaris bolivianus (Dollfus, 1897) = Venezillo b.
Cubaris booneae Van Name, 1936 = Venezillo b. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 112)
Cubaris brevis (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Spherillo b. (compare JACKSON 1941: 20)
Cubaris brevispinis Pearse, 1916 = Venezillo b.
Cubaris brunnea Brandt, 1833 = C. murina (compare LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999: 44)
Cubaris brunneocaudata Collinge, 1916
DISTR. – Burma: Tatkon.
Cubaris burnupi Collinge, 1917 = Nataldillo b.
Cubaris cacahuamilpensis (Bilimek, 1867) = Venezillo c.
Cubaris caerulea Collinge, 1914
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1914a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927b.
DISTR. – Southern Burma.
Cubaris californica (Budde-Lund, 1885) = “Armadillo” affinis
Cubaris canalensis (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo c.
Cubaris canaliculatus (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Merulana c.
Cubaris canariensis (Dollfus, 1893) = Venezillo c.
Cubaris carinatus (Budde-Lund, 1908) = "Bethalus" c.
Cubaris cavernosa Collinge, 1916
78
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1916b (figs.); CHOPRA 1924a.

DISTR. – Assam.
Cubaris chamberlini Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942 = Venezillo c. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 119)
Cubaris chathamensis (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Merulana c. (compare JACKSON 1941:18)
Cubaris chiltoni Collinge, 1916
DISTR. – Southern India: Cochin State.
Cubaris chiltoni Vandel, 1973 (nomen praeocc.)
Cubaris cinchonae Van Name, 1936
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – Jamaica.
Cubaris cincta (Dollfus, 1896) = Venezillo vincentis (compare ARCANGELI 1957a)
Cubaris cinctuta (Kinahan, 1859) = Pyrgoniscus c. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)
Cubaris cinerea Brandt, 1833
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; VAN NAME 1936; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – “Brazil”.
Cubaris clausa (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo c.
Cubaris claytonensis Chilton, 1917
BIBL. – CHILTON 1917a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: “Clayton Creek”.
Cubaris colomboi Arcangeli, 1929 = Venezillo c.
Cubaris commensalis Baker, 1913 = Acanthodillo c. (compare VANDEL 1973c: 135)
Cubaris congener (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Venezillo c.
Cubaris cordata (Dollfus, 1895) = Bethalus c.
Cubaris crenata Lewis, 1998
BIBL. – LEWIS 1998b (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002; LILLIMETS & WILSON 2002.
DISTR. – Lord Howe Island 800 km NE Sydney.
Cubaris culebrae Van Name, 1936 = Venezillo c. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 117)
Cubaris danae (Heller, 1868) = Spherillo d.
Cubaris decoui (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Cosmeodillo d.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973f (figs.); TAITI et alii 1998 (p. 299).
DISTR. – Cuba: province La Habana.
“Cubaris” depressa (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillo d., Bethalus d.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d (figs.); RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; BUDDE-LUND 1904; VAN NAME 1936;
DISTR. – Lesser Antilles: Strouhal. Vincent.
Cubaris dhaliwali Lillemets & Wilson, 2002
BIBL. – LILLEMETS & WILSON 2002 (figs.).
Cubaris dilectum Collinge, 1916
DISTR. – Northern India: Darjeeling.
Cubaris dollfusi Stebbing, 1900 = Merulanella d. (compare VERHOEFF 1926: 357)
Cubaris dugesi (Dollfus, 1896) = Venezillo d. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a)
Cubaris dumorum (Dollfus, 1896) = Venezillo d.
Cubaris echinatus (Brandt, 1833) = Diploexochus e.
Cubaris egens (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Bethalus e.
Cubaris emunita (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Armadillo e.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; VANDEL 1972c (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Thailand: Yai.
Cubaris everesti Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973a (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern Nepal.
Cubaris expansa Collinge, 1916
DISTR. – SE-India: Madras Pres., Ganjam District, Lake Chilka.
Cubaris exter (Barnard, 1960) = “Armadillo” e.
Cubaris fasciata Lewis, 1998
Cubaris ferruginea Lewis, 1998
79

Cubaris flavescens Brandt, 1833 = Venezillo f.
Cubaris flavobrunnea (Dollfus, 1896)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896e (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; ARCANGELI 1930b; VAN NAME 1936 (figs.),
1942; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Panama.
Cubaris formicarum (Budde-Lund, 1909) = “Diploexochus” f.
Cubaris fragilis Collinge, 1914 = C. murina (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1982(figs.))
Cubaris gaigei Pearse, 1917 = Diploexochus echinatus
Cubaris galapagoensis Miers, 1877 = Venezillo g.
“Cubaris” galbinea (Eschscholtz, 1823)
SYN. – Armadillo g.
BIBL. – ESCHSCHOLTZ 1823; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – Mariana Islands: Guam.
Cubaris gigas Miers, 1877 = Venezillo g.
Cubaris goweri Lewis, 1998
Cubaris granaria (Nicolet, 1849)
BIBL. – NICOLET 1849; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Cubaris granulata Collinge, 1915
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1915c (figs.); CHILTON 1916a (figs.), 1923; CHOPRA 1924b.
Cubaris granulata Lewis, 1998 (nomen praeocc.) = C. howensis
Cubaris gravelii Collinge, 1916
DISTR. – India: “Pass between Chaibassa and Chakardharpu, Chota Nagpur”.
Cubaris grenadensis (Budde-Lund, 1893) = Venezillo g.
Cubaris griseus Collinge, 1920 = Nataldillo burnupi (compare BARNARD 1932: 377)
Cubaris gurjanovi Collinge, 1942 = Barnardillo barnardi
Cubaris hamiltoni (Chilton, 1901) = Coronadillo h. (compare VANDEL 1977a: 44)
“Cubaris” harsadiensis Barnard, 1940
BIBL. – BARNARD 1940b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: Lakes of Addas.
Cubaris helmsiana Chilton, 1916 = Merulana h.
Cubaris hendersoni Boone, 1934 = Venezillo h.
Cubaris hickmani Green, 1961
BIBL. – GREEN 1961 (figs.), 1965, 1974; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Tasmania.
Cubaris hirsuta Lewis, 1998
Cubaris howensis Poore, 2002
SYN. – Cubaris granulata Lewis, 1998 (nomen praeocc.)
BIBL. – LEWIS 1998b; GREEN et alii 2002.
Cubaris ignota Arcangeli, 1934
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934f (figs.) .
DISTR. – NW-India: Srinagar.
Cubaris incisus (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo i.
Cubaris insularis Richardson, 1922
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1922b (figs.).
DISTR. – Java.
Cubaris invenustus Collinge, 1915 = Armadillo officinalis (compare ARCANGELI 1956a)
Cubaris iriomotensis (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Spherillo i.
Cubaris jamaicensis Richardson, 1912 = Venezillo j.
Cubaris javanensis (Dollfus, 1889) = C. murina
Cubaris joliveti (Vandel, 1972)
SYN. – Cosmeodillo j.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972c (figs.); TAITI et alii 1998 (p. 299).
DISTR. – Thailand: island Penang.
Cubaris kashmiri Jackson, 1935
BIBL. – JACKSON 1935b (figs.).
80
DISTR. – NW-India: near Srinagar.

Cubaris lacustris (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo l.
Cubaris lewisae Lillemets & Wilson, 2002
SYN. – C. granulatus Lewis, 1998 (nomen praeocc.)
BIBL. – LEWIS 1998b (figs.); LILLEMETS & WILSON 2002.
Cubaris lifuensis Stebbing, 1900
BIBL. – STEBBING 1900b (figs.); JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – Loyalty Islands NE New Caledonia: Lifu Island.
Cubaris limbata Brandt, 1833 = Bethalus l.
Cubaris lobata Collinge, 1916
DISTR. – Southern India: Cochin State.
Cubaris longicauda Collinge, 1917 = Bethalus nigrinus (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1979: 171)
Cubaris longicornis (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo l.
Cubaris longipes (Budde-Lund, 1909) = Venezillo l.
Cubaris longispinis Richardson, 1912 = Venezillo l.
“Cubaris” lundi Stebbing, 1900
BIBL. – STEBBING 1900b (figs.); JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1973b.
DISTR. – New Britain.
Cubaris macmahoni (Chilton, 1901) = Sphaerilloides m.
Cubaris maculata Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
Cubaris margaritae Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Venezuela: Isla Margarita.
Cubaris marginatus (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Spherillo m. (compare JACKSON 1941: 21)
Cubaris marmorata Collinge, 1916
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1916a (figs.); RAMAKRISHNA 1971.
DISTR. – Assam: “Abor country”; northern India: Kameng Division.
Cubaris marmorata (Wahrberg, 1922) (nomen praeocc.)
SYN. – Spherillo m.
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1926a; GREEN 1961; VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii
2002.
Cubaris meermohri Arcangeli, 1935
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935f (figs.).
DISTR. – Sumatra.
Cubaris merulanoides (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Spherillo m.
Cubaris mexicana (Verhoeff, 1933) = Venezillo m.
Cubaris microphthalma (Arcangeli, 1932) = Venezillo m.
Cubaris milleri Chilton, 1917 = Coronadillo m. (compare VANDEL 1977a: 42)
Cubaris mineri Van Name, 1936 = Ctenorillo m.
Cubaris minilobus Lewis, 1998
Cubaris minima Vandel, 1977
DISTR. – Kermadec Islands NE New Zealand.
Cubaris minuta Baker, 1919 = Acanthodillo m. (compare VANDEL 1973c: 135)
Cubaris minuta (Mulaik, 1960)
DISTR. – Mexico: Colima.
Cubaris mirandai Rioja, 1954
BIBL. – RIOJA 1954 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: Veracruz.
Cubaris misera (Budde-Lund, 1904)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: Victoria.
Cubaris moneaguensis Van Name, 1936 = Venezillo m. (compare ARCANGELI 1957: 115)
Cubaris monolina (Dana, 1853) = Spherillo m. (compare JACKSON 1941)
Cubaris montana (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Armadillo m.
81
Cubaris multipunctata (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo m.

Cubaris murina Brandt, 1833
SYN. – Armadillo borellii, brunneus, cubensis, javanensis, m., C. affinis, brunnea, fragilis,
javanensis, Nesodillo m.
Descr., figs.: BARNARD 1932; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1971; SCHULTZ 1972b; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA
1983; ARAUJO et alii 1996.
Syst.: VAN NAME 1936; LEHTINEN, P., TAITI, S. & FERRARA, F. 1995; INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON
ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE 1996.
Morph.: HOLMQUIST 1989; TAITI et alii 1998.
Behav.: HOLMQUIST 1989.
Distr., bibl.: VANDEL 1973b (New Guinea), 1973c (Australia), 1973(figs.), 1977a (New
Zealand); FERRARA & TAITI 1979 (Africa); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983 (W-Africa); SOUZA-
KURY 1998 (Brazil); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (America); GREEN et alii 2002 (Australia).
Cubaris nacrum Collinge, 1915
DISTR. – SE-India: Madras Pres., Ganjam District.
Cubaris natalensis Collinge, 1917 = Venezillo n.
Cubaris nepalensis (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Sphaerillo n.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1983a (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern Nepal.
Cubaris nigricans Brandt, 1833 = Venezillo n.
Cubaris nigroflava (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Spherillo n.
Cubaris nigrorufa (Dollfus, 1893) = Venezillo n.
Cubaris oaxacana Van Name, 1936 = Venezillo o. (compare ARCANGELI 1957: 116)
Cubaris obliquidens (Barnard, 1932) = “Armadillo” o.
Cubaris officinalis (Duméril, 1816) = Armadillo o.
Cubaris oraniensis (Dollfus, 1895) = Bethalus o.
Cubaris ovampoensis Barnard, 1924 = Venezillo o.
“Cubaris” oxyzomus Barnard, 1940
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Jem Jem Forest”.
Cubaris pacificus (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo p.
Cubaris perlata (Dollfus, 1896) = Venezillo p.
Cubaris phylax Van Name, 1936 = Venezillo p. . (compare ARCANGELI 1957: 115)
Cubaris pisum (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo p.
Cubaris plasticus (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo p.
Cubaris pleogoniophorus Rioja, 1951 = Venezillo p.
Cubaris pongolae Barnard, 1937 = Venezillo p.
Cubaris pronyensis (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo p.
Cubaris pumila (Budde-Lund, 1893) = Venezillo p.
Cubaris pusilla Collinge, 1916
DISTR. – India: Bombay Presidency, Satara District.
Cubaris ramsdeni Boone, 1934 = Venezillo r. (compare VANDEL 1981: 73)
Cubaris regulus Van Name, 1920 = Ctenorillo r. (compare TAITI et alii 1998: 299)
Cubaris reticulatus Collinge, 1917 = Bethalus nigrinus
Cubaris robusta Collinge, 1914
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1914a (figs.); ?MENON et alii 1970 (identification needs confirmation).
DISTR. – NE-Assam.
Cubaris rubropunctata (Budde-Lund, 1893) = Venezillo r.
Cubaris rufomarginata (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Spherillo r. . (compare JACKSON 1941)
Cubaris rufonigra (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Spherillo r.
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1926a; GREEN 1961; VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii
2002.
Cubaris rugulosa Miers, 1876 = Sphaerilloides r. . (compare VANDEL 1977a: 36)
Cubaris salisburyensis (Barnard, 1932) = “Armadillo” s.
Cubaris sanchezi Boone, 1934 = Venezillo s.
Cubaris sarasini (Verhoeff, 1926) = Nesodillo s.
Cubaris scaberrima (Dollfus, 1893) = Venezillo s.
Cubaris schultzi (Verhoeff, 1933) = Venezillo s.
82
Cubaris secutor Jackson, 1924 = Barnardillo s.

Cubaris setacea (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Spherillo s.
Cubaris silvarum (Dollfus, 1896) = Venezillo s.
Cubaris similis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo s.
Cubaris solidula Collinge, 1915
DISTR. – Southern India: Kolar District.
Cubaris speciosa (Dana, 1853) = Spherillo s.
Cubaris spenceri Barnes, 1934 = Australiodillo bifrons (compare DALENS 1990)
Cubaris spinosa (Dana, 1853) = Acanthodillo s. (compare VANDEL 1977a: 46)
Cubaris squamata (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Spherillo s.
Cubaris sulcifrons Green, 1961
Cubaris suteri Chilton, 1915 = Coronadillo s. (compare VANDEL 1977a: 42)
Cubaris tamarensis Green, 1961
Cubaris tanneri Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942 = Venezillo t. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 119)
Cubaris tarangensis (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Sphaerillo t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); CHILTON 1910a; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL
1977a.
Cubaris tasmaniensis Green, 1961
“Cubaris” tenuipunctata (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillo t., Bethalus t.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; BUDDE-LUND 1904; VAN NAME 1936;
DISTR. – West Indies: Mustique Island.
Cubaris testudinalis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Spherillo vitiensis (compare KWON & TAITI 1993)
Cubaris transpilosa (Barnard, 1960) = “Armadillo” t.
Cubaris trilobata Collinge, 1917 = Venezillo flavescens
“Cubaris” truncata Collinge, 1920
SYN. – Armadillo t.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1920 (figs.), 1945a; BARNARD 1932; ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI
1979.
Cubaris truncorum (Budde-Lund, 1893) = Venezillo t.
Cubaris tuberosa (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Venezillo t. (compare SOUZA-KURY 1998: 654)
Cubaris venezuelae Van Name, 1942 = Venezillo clausus (compare VANDEL 1952: 162)
Cubaris venusta (Budde-Lund, 1893) = Venezillo v.
Cubaris verrucosa (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Venezillo v.
Cubaris vincentis (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Venezillo v.
Cubaris viticola (Dollfus, 1896) = Venezillo v.
Cubaris walkeri Pearse, 1911 = Venezillo w.
Cubaris warreni Collinge, 1917 = Barnardillo w.
Cubaris watsoni Van Name, 1936 = Venezillo w. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 111)
Cubaris wheeleri Van Name, 1936 = Venezillo w. (compare ARCANGELI 1957a: 119)
Cubaris wilsmorei Nicholls & Barnes, 1926 = Pseudolaureola w.
Cubaris zebricolor Stebbing, 1900 = Xestodillo z.
Cubaris zigzag (Dollfus, 1896) = Venezillo z.
C u b a r o i d e s Vandel, 1973
Cubaroides pilosus Vandel, 1973
C u c k o l d i l l o Lewis, 1998
Cuckoldillo episcopalis Lewis, 1998
DISTR. – Australia: northern Queensland.
83
C u z c o d i n e l l a Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999

Crinocheta: family Delatorreidae
Cuzcodinella oryx Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
BIBL. – ARMAS & JUARRERO DE VARONA 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – Cuba: province Guantánamo.
C y l i n d r o n i s c u s Arcangeli, 1929
Cylindroniscus cavicola (Mulaik, 1960)
SYN. – Antroniscus c.
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1970b; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Mexico: Nuevo León.
Cylindroniscus maya Rioja, 1957
SYN. – Antroniscus balamensis
BIBL. – RIOJA 1957b (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1970b; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southwestern Mexico: Yucatán.
Cylindroniscus seurati Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929e (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1953a, 1973f (figs.), 1981 (figs.);
RIOJA 1957b; SCHULTZ 1970b; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Eastern Cuba.
Cylindroniscus vallesensis Schultz, 1970
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1970b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: San Luis Potosí Luis Potosí.
Cylindroniscus yucatanensis (Mulaik, 1960)
SYN. – Antroniscus y.
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1970b; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southwestern Mexico: Yucatán.
C y l i s t i c o i d e s Schmalfuss, 2003
Crinocheta: family ?Cylisticidae
Cylisticoides angulatus Schmalfuss, 2003
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 2003a (figs., map).
DISTR. – SE-Azerbaidjan.
Cylisticoides rotundifrons (Schmalfuss, 1986)
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1986b (figs., map), 2003 (p. 29).
DISTR. – Northern Iran: province Masandaran.
C y l i s t i c u s Schnitzler, 1853
Crinocheta: family Cylisticidae
Cylisticus albomaculatus Borutzky, 1957
DISTR. – Southeastern part of European Russia.
Cylisticus albus Schmölzer 1965 = C. esterelanus (compare VANDEL 1972a)
Cylisticus anatolicus Verhoeff, 1949 = C. opacus (compare VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967)
Cylisticus annulicornis Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e, 1917a (figs.), 1928c, 1930b, 1932b, 1933b, 1936b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northwestern and central Italy.
Cylisticus anophthalmus Silvestri, 1897
BIBL. – SILVESTRI 1897a; VERHOEFF 1917a, 1931b; BRIAN 1960; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et
alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Umbria.
Cylisticus aprutianus Taiti & Manicastri, 1980
BIBL. – TAITI & MANICASTRI 1980 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: Abruzzo.
Cylisticus armenicus Borutzky, 1970 = Parcylisticus a.
Cylisticus arnoldii Borutzky, 1961
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1961b (figs.), 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Ukraine: district Kharkow.
Cylisticus bergamotius Verhoeff, 1928
SYN. – C. plumbeus b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1995b (figs.); MANICASTRI
& TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – North-central Italy.
Cylisticus biellensis Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930b, 1932b, 1936b (figs.), 1938c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
84
Cylisticus birsteini Borutzky, 1961
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1961b (figs.), 1972a, 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 2003a (figs.,
map).
DISTR. – Southern Russia: Krasnodar District.
Cylisticus brachyurus Radu, 1951
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1951a (figs.), 1985; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Romania: region of Bacau.
Cylisticus caprariae Ferrara & Taiti, 1978
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscan Archipelago, island Capraia.
Cylisticus carinatus Budde-Lund, 1885
DISTR. – Unknown.
Cylisticus caucasius Verhoeff, 1917
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917a (figs.), 1918a, 1933c; BORUTZKY 1961b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1987a (figs., map).
DISTR. – Western Caucasus south of the main chain (western Georgia and adjacent southern
Russia).
Cylisticus cavernicola Racovitza, 1907
SYN. – Typhlisticus c.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1917a, 1931b; VANDEL 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
DISTR. – Southern France: Alpes Maritimes.
Cylisticus ciscaucasius Borutzky, 1961 = Parcylisticus dentifrons
Cylisticus convexus (De Geer, 1778)
SYN. – C. laevis, spinifrons, Oniscus c., Porcellio armadilloides, c., spinifrons
Orig. descr.: DE GEER 1778 (Oniscus c.).
Descr., figs.: SARS 1898!; MEINERTZ 1934; RADU, V. G. 1951a; STROUHAL 1953d; VANDEL 1962b;
GRUNER 1966a; SCHMIDT 2003!!.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMIDT 2003.
Morph.: LEYDIG 1878; STOLLER 1899; UNWIN 1932; GRUNER 1953.
Anat.: SILÉN 1954a, 1954b.
Respir.: MÖDLINGER 1931.
Physiol.: LINDQUIST et alii 1972.
Genet.: LATTIN 1952, 1958.
Sex det.: LUEKEN 1966b.
Reprod.: MEINERTZ 1951; STEEL 1980.
Behav.: ALLEE 1926; WILSON, L. 1967.
Nutr.: REICHLE 1967; SZLAVECZ 1991, 1993; SZLAVECZ & POBOZSNY 1995.
Ecol.: MATTHES 1950; VANDEL 1962b; BEYER 1964; SASSAMAN & GARTHWAITE 1984; GRÜNWALD
1988; TOMESCU et alii 1995; DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); CARL 1908a (CH); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); PALMÉN 1946a (SF);
HATCH 1947 (USA); RADU, V. G. 1951a (RO); STROUHAL 1953d (TR); VANDEL 1955e (N-
Africa), 1962b (figs.), 1967a (BG), 1977c (St. Helena); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS);
POLK 1959a (B); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU);
DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); SCHMALFUSS 1979b (GR); POTOČNIK
1981, 1984 (Slovenia); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); TOMESCU 1992 (RO);
FLASAROVÁ 1994, 1995 (former CS); ARGANO et alii 1995 (I); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996
(Balearic Islands); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); ANDREEV 2002 (BG); GREEN et alii 2002
(Australia).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; STROUHAL 1953d; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Europe and Asia Minor, introduced to northern Africa and North and South
America.
Cylisticus cretaceus Borutzky, 1957
Cylisticus cruciatus Schmölzer 1965 = C. esterelanus (compare VANDEL 1972a)
Cylisticus dentifrons Budde-Lund, 1885 = Parcylisticus d.
Cylisticus desertorum Borutzky, 1957
Cylisticus discolor Verhoeff, 1949
DISTR. – European Turkey: coast of Sea of Marmara.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of C. convexus.
Cylisticus dobati Strouhal, 1971
85
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: Ereğli 200 km E Istanbul.

Cylisticus esterelanus Verhoeff, 1917
SYN. – C. albus, cruciatus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917a (figs.), 1930b, 1931b; ARCANGELI 1924b; STROUHAL 1929e; VANDEL
1948d, 1948(figs.), 1962b (figs.), 1972a, 1973(figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965a (figs.), 1965b,
1971; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – Southern France and NW-Spain; introduced to Cuba.
Cylisticus estest Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b, 1933b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii
1995.
Cylisticus giljarovi Borutzky, 1977
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1977 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 2003a (figs., map).
DISTR. – Russia: northern foot of Caucasus.
Cylisticus gracilipennis Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – C. plumbeus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; TUA 1900; VERHOEFF 1901c, 1908e, 1917a, 1928c, 1930b, 1931a,
1932b, 1936b, 1951a; ARCANGELI 1926a, 1956a; STROUHAL 1937e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b; MANICASTRI et alii
1986; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii 1995; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Continental Italy and island Elba.
Cylisticus igiliensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
Cylisticus iners Budde-Lund, 1880
SYN. – C. korcagini, montivagus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND in BRANDT 1880; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1949a; STROUHAL 1953d;
BORUTZKY 1961b, 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1992b (figs.); 2003 (map);
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern and northeastern Caucasus region (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia and
Checheno-Ingushetia) and NE-Turkey.
Cylisticus inferus Verhoeff, 1917
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917a (figs.), 1931b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Cylisticus korcagini Borutzky, 1961 = C. iners (compare SCHMALFUSS 1992b)
Cylisticus kosswigi Strouhal, 1953
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1953d (figs.).
DISTR. – Turkey: coast of southwestern Black Sea.
Cylisticus kratochvili Frankenberger, 1938 = Typhlarmadillidium k.
Cylisticus laevis Schnitzler, 1852 = C. convexus
Cylisticus lencoranensis Borutzky, 1977
DISTR. – SE-Azerbaijan.
Cylisticus ligurinus Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1932b, 1936b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Cylisticus littoralis Ferrara & Taiti, 1978
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: coast of Tuscany.
Cylisticus lobatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NW-Italy: La Spezia.
Cylisticus lobulatus Strouhal, 1953
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1953d (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Turkey: surroundings of Trabzon.
Cylisticus major Radu, 1951 = C. transsylvanicus
Cylisticus mechthildae Strouhal, 1971
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: Ereğli 200 km E Istanbul.
REMARKS. – The ascription to the genus Cylisticus is questionable.
Cylisticus mitis Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1961b (figs.), 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Georgia (Caucasus): Kutaisi.
Cylisticus montanus Vandel, 1980
DISTR. – Central Turkey: Euphrates River NE Elaziğ, Kemaliye.
Cylisticus montivagus Verhoeff, 1949 = C. iners
Cylisticus mrovdaghensis Borutzky, 1970 = Parcylisticus m.
Cylisticus nasutus Verhoeff, 1931
86
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA
1980b (figs.), 1995b; ARGANO et alii 1995; the records from Corsica refer to a different
species, C. vandeli (see TAITI & FERRARA 1996).
DISTR. – Italy: island Elba.
Cylisticus nivicomes (Verhoeff, 1949) = Parcylisticus pugionifer
Cylisticus opacus Arcangeli, 1938
SYN. – C. anatolicus
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1938d (figs.); VERHOEFF 1949a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1950; STROUHAL
1953d (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.).
DISTR. – Central Turkey: Ankara and Kayseri.
Cylisticus orientalis Borutzky, 1939
DISTR. – Russia: southern Ural, province Orska.
Cylisticus ormeanus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930b, 1932b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Cylisticus pallidus Verhoeff, 1928
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928c (figs.), 1930b, 1932b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Cylisticus pierantonii Arcangeli, 1923
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1923b (figs.), 1924e, 1950a; VERHOEFF 1931b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et
alii 1995.
Cylisticus plumbeus Verhoeff, 1901 = C. gracilipennis
Cylisticus plumbeus bergamotius Verhoeff, 1928 = C. bergamotius
Cylisticus pontremolensis Verhoeff, 1936
Cylisticus pugionifer (Verhoeff, 1943) = Parcylisticus p.
Cylisticus racovitzai Vandel, 1957
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957h, 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Southern France: Alpes Maritimes.
Cylisticus rotabilis Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1901b; BORUTZKY 1961b (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Crimea.
Cylisticus rotundifrons Schmalfuss, 1986 = Cylisticoides r. (compare SCHMALFUSS 2003a)
Cylisticus sarmaticus Borutzky, 1977
DISTR. – Ukraine: Saporoshye.
Cylisticus silsilesii (Vandel, 1980)
SYN. – Trachelipus s.
DISTR. – NE-Turkey.
REMARKS. – Very probably identical with one of the other Cylisticus-species described
from the region (compare STROUHAL 1953a).
Cylisticus silvestris Borutzky, 1957
DISTR. – Southern Russia: region of Stavropol.
Cylisticus spinifrons (Brandt, 1833) = C. convexus
Cylisticus strouhali Borutzky, 1977
DISTR. – NW-Armenia: W Vanadzor.
Cylisticus suberorum Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.), 1933b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b
(figs.), 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: Tuscany.
Cylisticus transsilvanicus Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – C. major
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e, 1917a; RADU, V. G. 1951a (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Cylisticus uncinatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
DISTR. – Corsica.
Cylisticus urartuensis Borutzky, 1970 = Parcylisticus u.
Cylisticus urgonis Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscan Archipelago, island Gorgona.
Cylisticus vandeli Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1996.
87
DISTR. – Corsica.
Cylisticus zangezuricus Borutzky, 1970 = Parcylisticus z.
Cylloma oculatum Budde-Lund, 1885 = Actaecia euchroa (compare CHILTON 1901: 130)
C y p h o b r e m b a n a Verhoeff, 1931
Cyphobrembana pellegrinensis Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.), 1932b, 1934a; STROUHAL 1940a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et
alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Val Brembana.
C y p h o d i l l i d i u m Verhoeff, 1939
Cyphodillidium absoloni (Strouhal, 1934)
SYN. – Armadillidium a., Echinarmadillidium a.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1934a (figs.), 1940d; FRANKENBERGER 1938b (figs.); VERHOEFF 1939a (figs.);
FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: island Mljet.
C y p h o n e t h e s Verhoeff, 1926
Cyphonethes herzegowinensis (Verhoeff, 1900)
SYN. – Titanethes h.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900; WENIG 1908; ABSOLON 1933 (figs.); STROUHAL 1938a, 1939d (figs.),
1940d; FRANKENBERGER 1939b; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1946a, 1947c,
1950b (figs.); BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a;
ERHARD 1997.
DISTR. – SW-Hercegovina.
C y p h o n i s c e l l u s Verhoeff, 1901
Cyphoniscellus babadagensis Radu, 1965 = Monocyphoniscus b.
Cyphoniscellus bulgaricus Vandel, 1967 = Vandeloniscellus b. (compare TABACARU 1993a)
Cyphoniscellus castelmartius Verhoeff, 1938 = Calconiscellus c.
Cyphoniscellus gibbosus (Carl, 1908) = Calconiscellus g.
Cyphoniscellus gottscheensis Verhoeff, 1927 = Calconiscellus g.
Cyphoniscellus gueorguievi (Vandel, 1965)
SYN. – Bulgaroniscus g.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965c (figs.), 1967a; ANDREEV 1972, 2002.
DISTR. – Bulgaria: districts Vidin and Montana.
Cyphoniscellus herzegowinensis (Verhoeff, 1900)
SYN. – Cyphoniscus h.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900 (figs.), 1901d, 1927b; ARCANGELI 1923a; FRANKENBERGER 1939b;
STROUHAL 1939b (figs.), 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1950e (p. 31,
figs.), BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
Cyphoniscellus karawankianus (Verhoeff, 1908) = Calconiscellus k.
Cyphoniscellus kratochvili Frankenberger, 1939 = Cyphopleon k.
Cyphoniscellus styricus Verhoeff, 1930 = Calconiscellus karawankianus
Cyphoniscellus tetraceratus (Buturović, 1955)
SYN. – Vardaroniscus t.
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1955a (figs.), 1958; KARAMAN 1966b; VANDEL 1967a.
DISTR. – Macedonia: Skopje.
Cyphoniscellus tricornis (Strouhal, 1936) = Graeconiscus t.
Cyphoniscus herzegowinensis Verhoeff, 1900 = Cyphoniscellus h.
C y p h o p l e o n Frankenberger, 1940
Cyphopleon kratochvili (Frankenberger, 1939)
SYN. – Cyphoniscellus k.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1939b (figs.), 1940a; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL
1940d; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: central Dalmatia.
88
C y p h o t e n d a n a Verhoeff, 1936
Cyphotendana dalmazzensis Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936b (figs.); STROUHAL 1940a; VANDEL 1950e, 1960a (p. 395, figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – SE-France: Alpes Maritimes.
Cyphotendana ligurina Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936b (figs.); STROUHAL 1940a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c;
C y r n o n i s c u s Vandel, 1953
Cyrnoniscus remyi Vandel, 1953
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953d, 1954n, 1960a (figs.), 1968d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – Corsica.
Dasypoditius zitzmanni (Verhoeff, 1942) = Dorypoditius z.
D e k a n o s c i a Verhoeff, 1936
Dekanoscia longicornis Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936f (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-India: Travancore.
Delatorreia hoplites Boone, 1934 = Pseudarmadillo h. (compare SCHMALFUSS 1984a)
Desertellio elongatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Hemilepistus e.
D e s e r t o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1930
Desertoniscus birsteini Borutzky, 1945
DISTR. – Turkmenia.
Desertoniscus bulbifrons Borutzky, 1945
Desertoniscus elongatus Borutzky, 1945
Desertoniscus kirghizicus Borutzky, 1978
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1978a (figs.).
DISTR. – Kirghizia.
Desertoniscus mongolicus Borutzky, 1978
DISTR. – Northern Mongolia: region of Bulgan.
Desertoniscus reductus Borutzky, 1978
Desertoniscus subterraneus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930d (figs.); BORUTZKY 1945, 1959, 1978a (figs.).
DISTR. – Kirghizia; Turkmenia.
Desertoniscus tekinus Borutzky, 1945
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945 (figs.), 1961a, 1972b.
Desertoniscus tuberculatus Borutzky, 1945 = Protracheoniscus t. (compare BORUTZKY 1975)
Desertoniscus zenkevitschi Borutzky, 1945 = Protracheoniscus z. (compare BORUTZKY 1975)
Desertoniscus zhelochovtzevi Borutzky, 1945
DISTR. – Uzbekistan.
D e s e r t o s p h o e r a Vandel, 1948
Crinocheta: family Sphaeroniscidae
Desertosphoera remyi Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – VANDEL 1948d (figs.), 1959a; CARUSO 1973c; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1983.
89
DISTR. – Algeria: region of Biskra.
D e t o Guérin-Méneville, 1836
Deto acinosa Budde-Lund, 1885 = D. echinata
Deto armata Budde-Lund, 1906 = D. echinata
Deto aucklandiae (Thomson, 1879)
SYN. – Actaecia a., D. magnifica, robusta, Scyphax a.
BIBL. – THOMSON 1879b; BUDDE-LUND 1906 (figs.); CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1909, 1910a, 1915b
(figs.), 1917b; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
DISTR. – Auckland Islands S New Zealand.
Deto bucculenta (Nicolet, 1849)
SYN. – Oniscus b., novaezealandiae, tuberculatus, D. novaezealandiae
BIBL. – NICOLET 1849; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906; FILHOL 1885; DOLLFUS 1890a; CHILTON 1910a,
1915b (figs.), 1917b; JACKSON 1928a (figs.), 1941; VAN NAME 1936; HURLEY 1950, 1961;
SCHULTZ 1972c (figs.); VANDEL 1977a.
DISTR. – Stewart Island S New Zealand; Chatham Island E New Zealand.
Deto echinata Guérin-Méneville, 1836
SYN. – D. acinosa, armata
BIBL. – GUÉRIN-MÉNEVILLE 1836; KRAUSS 1843; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906 (figs.); DOLLFUS
1895b; CHILTON 1915b (figs.); PANNING 1924 (figs.); BARNARD 1924b (figs.), 1932 (figs.);
COLLINGE 1945a; LEGRAND 1946; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; COLEMAN & LEISTIKOW 2001.
DISTR. – Coasts of southern Namibia and South Africa.
Deto magnifica Budde-Lund, 1906 = D. aucklandiae
Deto marina (Chilton, 1885)
SYN. – Philougria m.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1885, 1915b, 1917b; BUDDE-LUND 1906; WAHRBERG 1922a; GREEN 1961,
1974; SCHULTZ 1972c; VANDEL 1973c, 1977c; BUNN & GREEN 1982; HOLDICH 1984 (figs.);
LEWIS 1991b; ERHARD, 1995a (figs.), 1996, 1997 (figs.); GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998;
GREEN et alii 2002; SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – Southern coasts of Australia including Tasmania from Sydney to Perth.
Deto novaezealandiae (Filhol, 1885) = D. bucculenta
Deto robusta Budde-Lund, 1906 = D. aucklandiae
Deto spinicornis Brandt, 1851 = nomen dubium (compare BUDDE-LUND 1885: 236)
Deto whitei Kinahan, 1859
BIBL. – KINAHAN 1859 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; CHILTON 1915b.
DISTR. – Unknown.
REMARKS. – May be a synonym of D. echinata.
D e t o n e l l a Lohmander, 1927
Detonella japonica Nunomura, 1984 = D. papillicornis
Detonella lohmanderi Verhoeff, 1942 = D. papillicornis
Detonella papillicornis (Richardson, 1904)
SYN. – D. japonica, lohmanderi, sachalina, Haplophthalmus p., Trichoniscus p.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1904 (figs.), 1905; BUDDE-LUND 1906; LOHMANDER 1927; VAN NAME 1936;
VERHOEFF 1942c; HATCH 1947; SCHULTZ 1972c; KUSSAKIN 1974 (figs.); NUNOMURA 1984,
1991b, 2004c; GARTHWAITE 1988; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
SAITO et alii 2000; SCHMIDT 2000a (figs.!!), 2002 (figs.), 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Japan; Kuril Islands; USA: Alaska and Washington; Canada: British Columbia.
Detonella sachalina Verhoeff, 1942 = D. papillicornis
D i a c a r a Budde-Lund, 1908
Diacara alluaudi (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Alloniscus a.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a; BUDDE-LUND 1908; COLLINGE 1922b; ARCANGELI 1958b; BARNARD 1958;
ROMAN 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1984 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northernmost Madagascar; Comoro Islands.
Diacara elegans (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Alloniscus e.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); COLLINGE 1922b; ARCANGELI 1958b;
BARNARD 1958; ROMAN 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Northernmost Madagascar.
Diacara guttata (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Alloniscus g.
90
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1908; COLLINGE 1922b; BARNARD 1958; ROMAN
1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Northernmost Madagascar.
REMARKS. – BARNARD (1958: 75) considers this species to be synonymous with D. elegans.
Diacara tigris (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Alloniscus t.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1908; COLLINGE 1922b; ARCANGELI 1958; BARNARD
1958; ROMAN 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Madagascar: Diego Suarez.
REMARKS. – BARNARD (1958: 75) considers this species to be synonymous with D. elegans.
D i d i m a Budde-Lund, 1908
Didima humilis Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); BARNARD 1958; TAITI & FERRARA 1978 (figs.), 1980a (figs.);
FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985d; Schmidt 2002 (p. 297, figs.).
D i o s c o r i d i l l o Ferrara & Taiti, 1996

Dioscoridillo cavicolus Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Dioscoridillo melanoleucos Ferrara & Taiti, 1996
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1996a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 2004 (figs.).
Dioscoridillo montanus Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Dioscoridillo pubescens Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
D i p l o e x o c h u s Brandt, 1833
Diploexochus aculeatus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Polyacanthus a.
Diploexochus aenigma Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo a.
Diploexochus aerarius Barnard, 1937 = Lobodillo a.
Diploexochus albanyensis Barnard, 1932 = Pseudodiploexochus a. (compare FERRARA & TAITI
1990: 490)
Diploexochus alberti Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo a.
Diploexochus albescens Budde-Lund, 1909 = Venezillo a.
Diploexochus alticola Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo a.
Diploexochus bananae (Van Name, 1920) = Ctenorillo b.
Diploexochus berlandi Paulian de Félice, 1940 = Venezillo b.
Diploexochus bituberculatus Budde-Lund, 1910 = Venezillo b.
Diploexochus castor Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo c.
“Diploexochus” cataractae Barnard, 1937
DISTR. – South Africa: Orange River, Aughrabies Falls.
Diploexochus celsicauda Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo c.
Diploexochus cingulatus Barnard, 1932 = Parasphaerillo c.
Diploexochus clausus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo c.
Diploexochus coloratus Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo c.
Diploexochus conicaleus Barnard, 1932 = Sphaerillodillo c.
Diploexochus damarensis Panning, 1924 = “Spherillo” d.
Diploexochus disjunctus Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo d.
Diploexochus dollfusi Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo d.
Diploexochus ecaudatus Barnard, 1932 = Pseudodiploexochus e.
Diploexochus echinatus Brandt, 1833
SYN. – Armadillo e., Cubaris e., gaigei
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); PEARSE 1917; VAN NAME 1936 (figs.);
ARCANGELI 1957a; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Guyana; Trinidad; Brazil: Pará.
Diploexochus fagei Paulian de Félice, 1941 = Ctenorillo f.
Diploexochus festivus (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Venezillo f.
91
Diploexochus flavescens (Brandt, 1833) = Venezillo f.

“Diploexochus” formicarum Budde-Lund, 1909
SYN. – Armadillo f., Cubaris f.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; VERHOEFF 1942d;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Vryburg, Kooa (Botswana?).
Diploexochus furcatus Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo f.
Diploexochus gordoniensis Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo g.
Diploexochus herscheli Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo h.
Diploexochus hypselos Barnard, 1932 = Myrmecodillo h. (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1990: 490)
Diploexochus hypsinephes Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo h.
"Diploexochus" jeanneli Paulian de Félice, 1945
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Kenya: Lake Naivasha.
Diploexochus kaokoensis Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo k.
Diploexochus kogmani Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo k.
Diploexochus legai (Arcangeli, 1941) = Ctenorillo l.
Diploexochus liliputanus (Dollfus, 1895) = “Armadillo” l.
Diploexochus limenites Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo l.
Diploexochus longipes Budde-Lund, 1909 = Venezillo l.
Diploexochus makuae Barnard, 1932 = “Armadillo” m.
Diploexochus meiringi Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo m.
Diploexochus mixtus (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Venezillo m.
Diploexochus montagui Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo m.
Diploexochus mucidus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Barnardillo m.
Diploexochus nanus Budde-Lund, 1910 = Venezillo n.
Diploexochus nebulosus Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo n.
Diploexochus nigricans (Brandt, 1833) = Venezillo n.
Diploexochus nigrinus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Bethalus n.
Diploexochus obliquidens Barnard, 1932 = “Armadillo” o.
Diploexochus oraniensis (Dollfus, 1895) = Bethalus o.
Diploexochus orbicularis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo o.
Diploexochus orphanus Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo o.
Diploexochus ovampoensis Barnard, 1924 = Venezillo o.
Diploexochus pachytos Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo p.
Diploexochus pauperculus Barnard, 1932 = Pachydillo p.
Diploexochus pilula Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo p.
Diploexochus pollex Barnard, 1936 = Myrmecodillo p.
Diploexochus polythele Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo p.
Diploexochus pubescens (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Sphaerillodillo p.
Diploexochus pusillus Budde-Lund, 1909 = Venezillo p.
Diploexochus quadrimaculatus Budde-Lund, 1909 = Venezillo q.
Diploexochus regulus (Van Name, 1920) = Ctenorillo r. (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1998)
Diploexochus rhodesiensis Barnard, 1932 = Pachydillo r.
Diploexochus rufescens Budde-Lund, 1909 = Venezillo r.
Diploexochus saldanhae Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo s.
Diploexochus salisburyensis Barnard, 1932 = “Armadillo” s.
Diploexochus steenbrasi Barnard, 1932 = “Armadillo” s.
Diploexochus tabularis Barnard, 1932 = Pseudodiploexochus t.
Diploexochus thomseni Panning, 1924 = “Spherillo” t.
Diploexochus trifolium (Dollfus, 1890) = Venezillo t.
Diploexochus tugelae Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo t.
Diploexochus vumbaensis Barnard, 1932 = “Armadillo” v.
Diploexochus zwartbergensis Barnard, 1932 = Venezillo z.
D o r y p o d i t i u s Verhoeff, 1942
Dorypoditius zitzmanni Verhoeff, 1942
SYN. – Dasypoditius z.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1950b; BARNARD 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Mozambique: Port Amelia.
D r y a d i l l o Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992

Dryadillo arcangelii Herold, 1931
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a (figs.); TAITI et alii 1992.
DISTR. – Indonesia: island Lombok.
92
Dryadillo baliensis Herold, 1931

DISTR. – Indonesia: island Bali.
Dryadillo bedaliensis Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Indonesia: island Java.
Dryadillo chengziensis Dai & Cai, 1998
DISTR. – Southwestern China: Yunnan Province.
Dryadillo feuerborni Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Indonesia: island Java.
Dryadillo hebereri Herold, 1931
Dryadillo jinghongensis Dai & Cai, 1998
DISTR. – China: Yunnan Province.
Dryadillo kemaensis Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a; TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: island Sulawesi (= Celebes).
Dryadillo maculatus (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Orodillo m., Spherillo m.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b, 1952e (figs.); DUDGEON et alii 1990; MA, DUDGEON & LAM 1991;
MA, LAM & DUDGEON 1991; KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – China: Hainan, Macao and Hong Kong; Taiwan; Vietnam.
Dryadillo magnificus Herold, 1931
Dryadillo montanus Herold, 1931
Dryadillo rectifrons (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Armadillo r., Sphaerillo r.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; BUDDE-LUND 1904; HEROLD 1931a; TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: island Sulawesi.
Dryadillo schellenbergi Herold, 1931
Dryadillo sexlineatus Herold, 1931
Dryadillo uenoi Nunomura, 1995
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Vietnam.
D u b i o n i s c u s Vandel, 1963
Dubioniscus delamarei Vandel, 1963
BIBL. – VANDEL 1963a (figs.), 1972e; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1970d; LENKO 1971; SCHULTZ 1995a
(figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Paraguay; NE-Argentina: La Plata; southern Brazil.
Dubioniscus goeldii (Lemos de Castro, 1967)
SYN. – Calycuoniscus g., Hileioniscus g.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967, 1968 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – NE-Brazil: Pará.
Dubioniscus insularis Vandel, 1972 = nomen nudum
Dubioniscus marmoratus Lemos de Castro, 1970
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1970d (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
Dubioniscus negreae Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973f (figs.), 1981; SCHULTZ 1995a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba: Pinar del Río.
E c h i n a r m a d i l l i d i u m Verhoeff, 1901
93
Echinarmadillidium absoloni Strouhal, 1934 = Cyphodillidium a.

Echinarmadillidium armathianum Schmalfuss & Sfenthourakis, 1995
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & SFENTHOURAKIS 1995 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1999.
DISTR. – Greece: Kárpathos Archipelago, island Armáthia.
Echinarmadillidium cycladicum Schmalfuss & Sfenthourakis, 1995
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & SFENTHOURAKIS 1995 (figs.); SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS 1998a;
DISTR. – Greece: southern Cyclades Islands, central Crete and island Día 15 km N Iráklio
(Crete).
Echinarmadillidium fruxgalii Verhoeff, 1900
SYN. – Armadillidium f., E. strouhali Verhoeff
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900, 1901b, 1939a (figs.); STROUHAL 1934a (figs.), 1940d; ARCANGELI
1935b; FRANKENBERGER 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: S-Dalmatia; Yugoslavia: Montenegro.
Echinarmadillidium strouhali Frankenberger, 1938 = Macrotelsonia s.
Echinarmadillidium strouhali Verhoeff, 1939 = E. fruxgalii
E c h i n o c h a e t u s Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983

Echinochaetus renatae Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
DISTR. – Cameroon: Buea.
E c h i n o d i l l o Jackson, 1933
Echinodillo cavaticus Green, 1963
Echinodillo montanus Jackson, 1933
DISTR. – Society Islands (Marquesas).
E c u a d o r o n i s c u s Vandel, 1968
Ecuadoroniscus orientalis Vandel, 1968
DISTR. – Eastern Ecuador: Puyo.
E l e o n i s c u s Racovitza, 1907
Eleoniscus helenae Racovitza, 1907
SYN. – Troglarmadillidium h.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1935e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ & DALENS
1990 (figs.).
DISTR. – SE-Spain: province Alicante.
E l u m a Budde-Lund, 1885
Eluma caelatum (Miers, 1877)
SYN. – Armadillidium c., E. helleri, purpurascens n. syn.
BIBL. – MIERS 1877b; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1908(figs.); COLLINGE 1922a; VANDEL
1925b, 1944c, 1946b, 1962b (p. 756, figs.), 1968a; ARCANGELI 1936g, 1948d, 1958a; VAN
NAME 1936; LEGRAND 1946; EDNEY 1953a; GREEN 1961, 1974; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
JUCHAULT et alii 1980c; CIFUENTES 1984; HOESE 1984c; VIVAR et alii 1984; HARDING &
SUTTON 1985; MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Southern British Isles; western France; Portugal; Spain; NW-Africa; Canary
Islands; Madeira; Azores. Introduced to Tasmania and French Guiana (type material from
Cayenne).
REMARKS. – I have examined the type material (Natural History Museum London) and thus
confirm the suspected synonymy of E. caelatum and E. purpurascens.
Eluma helleri Verhoeff, 1908 = E. caelatum
Eluma purpurascens Budde-Lund, 1885 = E. caelatum
Eluma tuberculata Cruz, 1991
BIBL. – CRUZ 1991b (figs.).
DISTR. – Portugal: Fatima.
94
E l u m o i d e s Taiti & Ferrara, 1983

Elumoides atlanticus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
DISTR. – Southern Cameroon: Kribi.
Elumoides caecus Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
DISTR. – Southern Atlantic: Ascension Island.
Elumoides monocellatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1983
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1983a (figs.), 1991a, 1991b; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996.
DISTR. – Réunion; Mauritius; Seychelles; Hawaii Islands.
E m y d o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Emydodillo testudo Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.); JACKSON 1941.
E n n u r e n s i s Collinge, 1915
Ennurensis hispidus Collinge, 1915
DISTR. – SE-India: Madras region.
E o a r m a d i l l i d i u m Dollfus, 1904
Eoarmadillidium granulatum Dollfus, 1904
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1904 (figs.).
DISTR. – France (fossil).
Eosphaerillo kosswigi Vandel, 1980 = Koweitoniscus tamei (compare SCHMALFUSS 1988)
Genus Epironiscellus = Genus Graeconiscus (compare STROUHAL 1966a: 270)
E r o p h i l o s c i a Vandel, 1972
Erophiloscia acanthifera Leistikow, 2001
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 2001i (figs.).
DISTR. – Peru: dep. Huanuco.
Erophiloscia longistyla Vandel, 1972
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972g (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001i (figs.).
DISTR. – Colombia: regions of Bogotá and Montserrate.
Erophiloscia narcissi (Vandel, 1968)
SYN. – Andenoniscus n.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.), 1972g; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Eastern Ecuador.
Erophiloscia recurvata Leistikow, 2001
DISTR. – Peru: dep. Huanuco.
Erophiloscia tropicalis Vandel, 1968 = Andenoniscus t. (compare LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999)
Erophiloscia waegelei Leistikow, 2001
DISTR. – Colombia: "Tibabitá".
E s c u a l d o n i s c u s Vandel, 1948
Escualdoniscus coiffaiti Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – VANDEL 1948b, 1953a, 1960a (p. 149, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – SW-France: Sare (Basses-Pyrénées); northern Spain: Renteria (Guipúscoa).
Escualdoniscus triocellatus Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – VANDEL 1948b, 1957e, 1960a (p. 148, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; DALENS 1967; CRUZ
1991b.
DISTR. – SW-France: Larrau (Basses-Pyrénées); NE-Spain: Navarra.
Estereloniscus bernardi Vandel, 1942 = Nesiotoniscus b.

95
Genus Ethelomorus = Genus Ethelumoris
E t h e l u m Budde-Lund, 1899
Ethelum africanum Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
BIBL. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Guinea: Conakry.
Ethelum americanum (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo a.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d; BUDDE-LUND 1899; RICHARDSON 1901; PEARSE 1917; VAN NAME 1925,
1936; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1944a; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999; SCHMIDT 2002, 2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – Lesser Antilles: Strouhal. Vincent; northern Venezuela; Guyana; French Guiana;
NE-Brazil: Pará State.
Ethelum attenuatum Richardson, 1907
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907a (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Liberia.
Ethelum burgeoni Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: Lukafu.
Ethelum gezei Paulian de Félice, 1941
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Cameroon: Mount N’Lonako.
Ethelum liberiense Richardson, 1907
DISTR. – Liberia.
Ethelum modestum (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo m.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d (figs.); RICHARDSON 1901, 1905 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
Ethelum pusillum Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.), 1952(figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zaire: Kibati.
Ethelum quadrimaculatum Richardson, 1907
DISTR. – Liberia.
Ethelum reflexum (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo r.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1899; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905 (figs.); VAN NAME
Ethelum rotundatum Richardson, 1907 = Microcercus r.
E t h e l u m o i d e s Ferrara & Taiti, 1989

Ethelumoides holthuisi Ferrara & Taiti, 1989
DISTR. – Ivory Coast: Mount Pongui.
E t h e l u m o r i s Richardson, 1907
Crinocheta: family ?Armadillidae
Ethelumoris parallelus Richardson, 1907
SYN. – Ethelomorus p.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907a (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983.
DISTR. – Liberia.
Ethelumoris setosus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Equatorial Guinea: island Bioko (= Fernando Poo).
E u b e l u m Budde-Lund, 1885
Eubelum albicorne Budde-Lund, 1899 = Mesarmadillo a.
Eubelum asperius Van Name, 1920
96
SYN. – Guineodillo hebetatus

BIBL. – VAN NAME 1920; VERHOEFF 1942d; ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS
1976 (figs.), 1985; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; BOYKO 1997; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Cameroon; Gulf of Guinea islands; Gabon; Congo; Zaire.
Eubelum breviantennatum Schmölzer, 1974
DISTR. – Tanzania: Aberdare Mountains.
Eubelum dollfusii Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); BARNARD 1940b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: Addis Ababa and Shao District.
Eubelum gabonensis Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Gabon: Fernand Vaz.
Eubelum garambae Van Name, 1920
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1920 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1950b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – Zaire: Garamba.
Eubelum guessfeldti Verhoeff, 1942 = E. lubricum
Eubelum haasi Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Cameroon: S Douala.
Eubelum hilgendorfii Budde-Lund, 1898 = Hiallum h.
Eubelum icarense Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Cameroon: N Yaoundé.
Eubelum ignavum Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); BARNARD 1940b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
Eubelum incertum Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: Kabanga and Kishinde.
Eubelum instrenuum Budde-Lund, 1912 = Orothelum i. (compare PAOLI et alii 2002)
Eubelum kisantui Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: Kisantu.
Eubelum lubricum Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – E. guessfeldti, propinquum
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1899; VAN NAME 1920; BARNARD 1932; VERHOEFF 1942d; ARCANGELI
1950b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.) ; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA et alii
1991 (figs.); BOYKO 1997; JEPPESEN 2000; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Zaire; Angola.
Eubelum lugubre Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire.
Eubelum minimum Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Cabinda (N Angola).
Eubelum minimum Schmölzer, 1974 (nomen praeocc.) = E. schmoelzeri
Eubelum montanum Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon: Mount Cameroon.
Eubelum novum Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: Barumbu.
Eubelum paralubricum Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – NE-Zaire.
Eubelum pictum Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); BRIAN 1953a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – SW-Zaire; NE-Angola.
Eubelum pila Budde-Lund, 1898 = Synarmadilloides p.
Eubelum propinquum Van Name, 1920 = E. lubricum (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1979: 145)
Eubelum pseudasperius Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Nigeria: “Olokemeji”.
Eubelum quietum Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1940a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
97
Eubelum rusingaense Morris, 1979

BIBL. – MORRIS 1979.
DISTR. – Kenya: Lake Victoria (Miocene fossil).
Eubelum schmoelzeri Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
SYN. – E. minimum Schmölzer, 1974 (nomen praeocc.)
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Congo: Brazzaville.
Eubelum simplex Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi; Zambia.
Eubelum squamatum Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: “Mongende”.
Eubelum squamosum Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Cameroon: “Ntem Bilik Ekéké”.
Eubelum stanleyanum Van Name, 1920
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1920 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – Zaire.
Eubelum stipulatum Budde-Lund, 1899
SYN. – Guineodillo munganus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941b; VERHOEFF 1942d; ARCANGELI
1950b; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1983, 1985; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS
& FERRARA 1982; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Cameroon.
Eubelum tachyoryctidis Paulian de Félice, 1945
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Kenya: Mount Elgon.
Eubelum tenebrarum Van Name, 1920 = Trogleubelum t. (compare ARCANGELI 1950b: 29)
Eubelum tomentosum Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Gabon.
Eubelum ubangium (Verhoeff, 1942)
SYN. – Guineodillo u.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976, 1985 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Cameroon; ?Zaire.
Eubelum vannamei Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1920 (E. stipulatum non Budde-Lund); ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA
& TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zaire.
Euleptotrichus panzerii (Audouin, 1826) = Leptotrichus p.
Euphiloscia elrodii Packard, 1873 = Ligidium e.

“Euphiloscia” rishikondensis Kumari, Rao & Shyamasundari, 1989
BIBL. – KUMARI et alii 1989.
DISTR. – India: “Waltair”.
REMARKS. – The three authors who elaborated the description of this species did not seem
to be aware that isopod systematics has achieved some progress since 1873, when the
genus Euphiloscia was instituted. As early as 1905 it was recognized as a synonym of
Ligidium by RICHARDSON. Judging from the drawings “Euphiloscia” rishikondensis could
be a species of Olibrinus.
Euporcellio dilatatus (Brandt, 1833) = Porcellio d.
E u r y g a s t e r Green, 1990
REMARKS. – Generic name preoccupied by Eurygaster Laporte, 1832 (Hemiptera,
Pentatomidae).
Eurygaster montanus Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales and Victoria.
Eurygaster robustus Vandel, 1973
Euryligia latissima Verhoeff, 1926 = Ligia l.

98
E x a l l o n i s c u s Stebbing, 1911
Exalloniscus albus (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Alloniscus a.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; JACKSON 1936; ARCANGELI 1958b; MANICASTRI & ARGANO 1986; TAITI &
FERRARA 1988a (figs.).
DISTR. – Sumatra; northern Borneo.
Exalloniscus beroni Taiti & Ferrara, 1988
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1988a (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Thailand: Chiang Daw.
Exalloniscus bessoni Dalens, 1992
BIBL. – DALENS 1992b (figs.).
DISTR. – Laos: Luang Prabang.
Exalloniscus bicoloratus Taiti & Ferrara, 1988
BIBL. – FERRARA et alii 1987; TAITI & FERRARA 1988a (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Malaysia: Selangor State.
Exalloniscus borneanus Taiti & Ferrara, 1988
DISTR. – Borneo: Sabah State.
Exalloniscus brincki Manicastri & Argano, 1986
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & ARGANO 1986 (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1987; TAITI & FERRARA 1988a
(figs.).
DISTR. – Sri Lanka; western Malaysia: Pahang State.
Exalloniscus caudatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1988
DISTR. – Western Malaysia: Pahang State.
Exalloniscus coecus (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Alloniscus c.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; STEBBING 1911; JACKSON 1936; FERRARA & TAITI 1982f (figs.);
MANICASTRI & ARGANO 1986; TAITI & FERRARA 1986c, 1988a (figs.).
DISTR. – Sumatra; India: Travancore; western Malaysia; ?Andaman Islands.
Exalloniscus cortii Arcangeli, 1927
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; NUNOMURA 1980, ?1986, 1998, 2000b, 2004b;
MANICASTRI & ARGANO 1986; TAITI & FERRARA 1986c, 1988a (figs.); KWON 1993 (figs.);
KWON & TAITI 1993; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Eastern China; North Korea; Japan.
Exalloniscus malaccensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1988
Exalloniscus maschwitzi Taiti & Ferrara, 1988
BIBL. – FERRARA et alii 1987 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1988a (figs.).
Exalloniscus nepalensis Schmalfuss, 1983
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1983a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986c, 1988a (figs.).
DISTR. – Nepal.
Exalloniscus papillosus (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Kisuma p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1912b; TAITI & FERRARA 1986c (figs.), 1988a (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1987.
DISTR. – Western Malaysia: Selangor State; Singapore; Java; Bali; Philippines: Mindoro.
Exalloniscus rotundatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1986
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1986c (figs.), 1988a; KWON & TAITI 1993.
DISTR. – Hong Kong.
Exalloniscus silvestrii Kwon & Taiti, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); KWON 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – China: Sichuan; South Korea: Cheju Island.
Exalloniscus sumatranus Manicastri & Taiti, 1991
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & TAITI 1991 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Sumatra.
Exalloniscus thailandensis Dalens, 1987
BIBL. – DALENS 1987a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1988a (figs.).
DISTR. – Thailand.
Exalloniscus tuberculatus Nunomura, 2000
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2000a (figs.).
DISTR. – Japan: Tochigi Prefecture.
Exalloniscus vietnamensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1988
DISTR. – Vietnam: Hanoi region.
Exalloniscus yinae Nunomura & Xie, 2000
99

E x z a e s Barnard, 1932
Exzaes bicolor Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); FERRARA 1977b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Exzaes pilosa Ferrara, 1977
BIBL. – FERRARA 1977b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: “Tsitsikama Forest”.
Exzaes sylvatica Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); FERRARA 1977b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
F a k o a n u m Paulian de Félice, 1941

Fakoanum auguriae Paulian de Félice, 1941
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Fakoniscus pterydicola Paulian de Félice, 1940 = Clavigeroniscus riquieri
F e a d i l l o Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983

Feadillo principensis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Gulf of Guinea: Principe Island.
Feadillo saotomensis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Gulf of Guinea: São Tomé Island.
F i l i p p i n o d i l l o Schmalfuss, 1987
Filippinodillo flavimaculis Jeon & Kwon, 2001
BIBL. – JEON & KWON 2001b (figs.).
DISTR. – Philippines: Mindanao Island.
Filippinodillo kimberleyensis Lewis, 1998
DISTR. – Western Australia: Kimberley region.
Filippinodillo maculatus Schmalfuss, 1987
DISTR. – Philippines: Cebu Island.
Filippinodillo palawanensis Jeon & Kwon, 2001
BIBL. – JEON & KWON 2001b (figs.).
F i n a l o n i s c u s Brian, 1951
Finaloniscus berberensis Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959d (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Morocco; northern Algeria.
Finaloniscus briani Vandel, 1953
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953d, 1954n, 1959d, 1960a (figs.), 1968d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI &
FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – Corsica.
Finaloniscus franciscoloi (Brian, 1951)
SYN. – Marioniscus f.
BIBL. – BRIAN 1951b (figs.), 1951c; VANDEL 1953a (figs.), 1959d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO
et alii 1982, 1995; CARUSO et alii 1987; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1995b, 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Italy: Liguria and Tuscany; Corsica; Sicily.
F l o r i d o s c i a Schultz & Johnson, 1984

Floridoscia fusca Schultz & Johnson, 1984
100
BIBL. – SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984 (figs.).

DISTR. – USA: Florida.
F o r m i c a s c i a Leistikow, 2001
Formicascia inquilina (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Philoscia i.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001f (figs.).
DISTR. – Guyana: Bartica.
F o r m o s i l l o Verhoeff, 1928
Formosillo raffaelei (Arcangeli, 1927) = Spherillo r.
Formosillo zimmeri Verhoeff, 1928
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928b (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Formososcia ocellata Verhoeff, 1928 = Burmoniscus o.
F o s s o n i s c u s Strouhal, 1965
Fossoniscus nubicus Strouhal, 1965
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1965a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Sudan: Wadi Halfa.
G a b u n i l l o Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983

Gabunillo coecus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Gabon.
G a b u n o s c i a Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978

Gabunoscia feai Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
DISTR. – Gabon.
Genus Gedania = Genus Trichorhina
G e l s a n a Budde-Lund, 1910
Gelsana abnormis Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Kilimanjaro; Kenya: Mount Elgon and “Campi Cherangani”.
Genus Geoligia = Genus Ligia
G e r u f a Budde-Lund, 1909
Gerufa hirticornis (Budde-Lund, 1909)
SYN. – Porcellio h.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
Gerufa macrops Barnard, 1932
Gerufa marmorata Barnard, 1932
Gerufa montana Barnard, 1932
101
Genus Gerutha = Genus Synarmadilloides
G l o b a r m a d i l l o Richardson, 1910
Crinocheta: family ?Scleropactidae
Globarmadillo armatus Richardson, 1910
SYN. – Synarmadillo a.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1910a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c; VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1970c (figs.);
DISTR. – Guatemala: Tres Aguas.
G r a e c o n i s c u s Strouhal, 1940
Graeconiscus caecus (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Minoscellus c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b, 1964c; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs., map).
DISTR. – Greece: central Crete.
Graeconiscus dryopeorum (Vandel, 1964)
SYN. – Cretoniscellus s.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1964c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – Greece: island Évia.
Graeconiscus guanophilus Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs., map).
DISTR. – Southern Greece: central Crete.
Graeconiscus kournasensis Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004
DISTR. – Southern Greece: central Crete.
Graeconiscus liebegotti Schmalfuss, 1981
DISTR. – Greece: northern Sporades, island Giúra.
Graeconiscus multicostatus (Karaman, 1961)
SYN. – Epironiscellus m.
BIBL. – KARAMAN 1961 (figs.), 1966b; STROUHAL 1966a.
DISTR. – Macedonia: Titov Veles region.
Graeconiscus paxi Strouhal, 1961
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1961a (figs.), 1966a; VANDEL 1964c; SCHMALFUSS 1977b, 1979b.
DISTR. – NW-Greece: island Kérkira (= Korfu).
Graeconiscus strinatii (Vandel, 1955)
SYN. – Cretoniscellus s., Haplophthalmus s.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955a (figs.), 1959b, 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b;
SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b.
DISTR. – Greece: surroundings of Athens.
Graeconiscus strouhali (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Cretoniscellus s.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b (figs.), 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; SCHMALFUSS et alii
2004 (map).
DISTR. – Greece: eastern Crete.
Graeconiscus thermophilus (Çağlar 1948)
SYN. – Calconiscellus aegaeus, Cretoniscellus aegaeus, Haplophthalmus t.
BIBL. – ÇAĞLAR 1948; STROUHAL 1963 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1975a (figs.), 1977b, 1978b,
1979b, 1983c, 1999; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: southern Aegean islands including Crete; western Turkey.
Graeconiscus tricornis (Strouhal, 1936)
SYN. – Cyphoniscellus t.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1936a (figs.), 1961a, 1966a; VANDEL 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS
1979b.
DISTR. – NW-Greece: island Kérkira (= Korfu).
Graeconiscus xerovunensis (Strouhal, 1954)
SYN. – Epironiscellus x.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1940a, 1954b (figs.), 1961a, 1966a; VANDEL 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – NW-Greece: Ípiros, Platanúsa.
Guineodillo albomarginatus Schmölzer, 1974 = Microcercus anomalus

Guineodillo hebetatus Verhoeff, 1942 = Eubelum asperius
Guineodillo munganus Verhoeff, 1942 = Eubelum stipulatum
Guineodillo ubangius Verhoeff, 1942 = Eubelum u.
102
Haloarmadillidium dudichi Arcangeli, 1929 = Armadillidium album (compare VANDEL 1962b)
H a l o n i s c u s Chilton, 1920
Haloniscus anophthalmus Taiti, Ferrara & Iliffe, 1995
BIBL. – TAITI et alii 1995 (figs.); TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001.
DISTR. – New Caledonia: Isle of Pines.
Haloniscus longiantennatus Taiti & Humphreys, 2001
BIBL. – TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001 (figs.).
Haloniscus searlei Chilton, 1920
SYN. – Philoscia salina
BIBL. – CHILTON 1920 (figs.); BAKER 1926; BAYLY & ELLIS 1969; ELLIS & WILLIAMS 1970;
WILLIAMS 1970 (figs.), 1983; VANDEL 1973c; GREEN 1974; BUNN & GREEN 1982; HOLDICH
1984 (figs.); BLINN et alii 1989; LEWIS 1991b; TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia including Tasmania.
Haloniscus stepheni Nicholls & Barnes, 1926 = Andricophiloscia s. (compare TAITI & HUMPHREYS
2001)
Haloniscus stylifer Taiti & Humphreys, 2001
BIBL. – TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001 (figs.).
Haloniscus tomentosus Taiti & Humphreys, 2001
BIBL. – TAITI & HUMPHREYS 2001.
H a l o p h i l o s c i a Verhoeff, 1908
Crinocheta: family Halophilosciidae
Halophiloscia adriatica Verhoeff, 1908 = H. couchii
Halophiloscia aristotelis (Verhoeff, 1901) = H. couchii
Halophiloscia bermudensis (Dahl, 1892) = H. couchii
Halophiloscia bonariensis (Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939) = H. couchii
Halophiloscia brasiliensis Moreira, 1931
BIBL. – MOREIRA 1932 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with Benthana olfersii (LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958c).
Halophiloscia canariensis Dalens, 1973
BIBL. – DALENS 1973b (figs.); HOESE 1984c; RODRIGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993c (figs.).
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Halophiloscia couchii (Kinahan, 1858)
SYN. – Ligidium c., H. adriatica, aristotelis, bermudensis, bonariensis, fucorum, veneta,
Philoscia aristotelis, bermudensis, bonariensis, c., longicornis, longistila
BIBL. – KINAHAN 1858; COSTA 1883; DOLLFUS 1884, 1896b; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909b; DAHL
1892; TATTERSALL 1914; KESSELYÁK 1930d; SANTUCCI 1931; VERHOEFF 1930c; GIAMBIAGI DE
CALABRESE 1935, 1939; VAN NAME 1942; TUZET & MANIER 1947; EDNEY 1953a; HOLTHUIS
1956; RADU, V. V. 1959b (figs.); RADU, V. G. 1960c (figs.); VANDEL 1960b, 1962b (p. 477,
figs.); KARAMAN 1966b; LAGARRIGUE 1968; AMANIEU 1969; CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970;
SCHMÖLZER 1971; ANDREEV 1972; RECA 1972 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1972a; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b
(figs.), 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; BUNN & GREEN 1982;
HARDING & SUTTON 1985; CARUSO et alii 1987; CRUZ 1991a; RODRIGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993c;
ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; PONS et alii 1999; TAITI
1999; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999; GREEN et alii 2002; SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!); SCHMALFUSS
et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Coasts of the Atlantic from Dakar (Senegal) to the British Isles, Atlantic Islands,
Mediterranean and Black Sea. Introduced to North and South America and Australia.
Halophiloscia culebrae (Moore, 1901) = Littorophiloscia c. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1986b)
Halophiloscia fucorum Verhoeff, 1930 = H. couchii
Halophiloscia gracilicornis Verhoeff, 1939 = H. hirsuta
Halophiloscia hirsuta Verhoeff, 1928
SYN. – H. gracilicornis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928d, 1939e; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1962; VANDEL 1962b (p. 483, figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999; CARUSO et alii
1987; POTOČNIK 1984; CRUZ 1991b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1993a, 1996b; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993,
1996; ARGANO et alii 1995; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Coasts of the northern Mediterranean.
Halophiloscia ischiana Verhoeff, 1933
103
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933c (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (p. 485, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1996; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991,
1995; ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Coasts of northwestern Mediterranean.
Halophiloscia pontica Radu, 1985
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Black Sea coast.
REMARKS. – May be conspecific with H. couchii.
Halophiloscia richardsonae (Holmes & Gay, 1909) = Littorophiloscia r.
Halophiloscia tyrrhena Verhoeff, 1928
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928d (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (p. 480, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA &
TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1996; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991,
DISTR. – Southern France; northwestern Italy.
Halophiloscia veneta Santucci, 1931 = H. couchii
Halophiloscia zosterae (Verhoeff, 1928) = Stenophiloscia glarearum
Haloporcellio abbreviatus Verhoeff, 1933 = Porcellio barroisi

Haloporcellio assimilis Strouhal, 1957 = Porcellio barroisi
Haloporcellio ferdinandi Verhoeff, 1929 = Porcellio lamellatus
Haloporcellio fumeus Verhoeff, 1933 = Porcellio lamellatus
Haloporcellio gerstaeckeri (Verhoeff, 1908) = Porcellio lamellatus
Haloporcellio jordanis Verhoeff, 1933 = Porcellio barroisi
Haloporcellio lamellatus (Uljanin, 1875) = Porcellio l.
Haloporcellio moebiusi (Verhoeff, 1901) = Porcellio lamellatus
Haloporcellio penicilliger Verhoeff, 1917 = Porcellio barroisi
Haloporcellio pyrenaicus Schmölzer, 1955 = Porcellio lamellatus
Haloporcellio sphinx Verhoeff, 1941 = Porcellio lamellatus
H a n o n i s c u s Budde-Lund, 1912
Hanoniscus ashtoni Vandel, 1973
Hanoniscus monodi (Bowley, 1935)
SYN. – Phalloniscus m.
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a; BOWLEY 1935 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
Hanoniscus myrmecophilus (Baker, 1913)
SYN. – Oniscus m.
Hanoniscus nichollsi (Bowley, 1935)
SYN. – Phalloniscus n.
BIBL. – BOWLEY 1935 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
Hanoniscus orientalis Vandel, 1973
Hanoniscus tuberculatus Budde-Lund, 1912
SYN. – Phalloniscus punctatus, t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1912a (figs.); WAHRBERG 1922a; BOWLEY 1935 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c;
H a p l a r m a d i l l o Dollfus, 1896
Haplarmadillo monocellatus Dollfus, 1896
SYN. – Synarmadillo monocullatus [sic]
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d (figs.); RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; ARCANGELI 1927c; VAN NAME 1936;
Haplophiloscia laevis Schultz, 1973 = Papuaphiloscia l.
H a p l o p h t h a l m u s Schöbl, 1860
104
Haplophthalmus abbreviatus Verhoeff, 1928

BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928d, 1930c, 1933b, 1938d, 1942g, 1944, 1951a, 1952; STROUHAL 1940a;
BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (figs.);
DISTR. – Central Italy; Slovenia; NW-Croatia.
Haplophthalmus alicantinus Cruz & Dalens, 1989
BIBL. – CRUZ & DALENS 1989 (figs.).
DISTR. – SE-Spain: region of Alicante.
Haplophthalmus anophthalmus Strouhal, 1939 = Strouhaloniscellus a.
Haplophthalmus apuanus Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e, 1930c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1960a (p. 380, figs.); TAITI &
FERRARA 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Haplophthalmus asturicus Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – NW-Spain: region of Oviedo.
Haplophthalmus aternanus Verhoeff, 1931
Haplophthalmus australis Chilton, 1909 = Notoniscus a. (compare CHILTON 1915a)
Haplophthalmus austriacus Verhoeff, 1941
SYN. – H. montivagus a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941e; STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; STROUHAL 1964 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1974b.
DISTR. – Austria.
Haplophthalmus avolensis Vandel, 1969
BIBL. – VANDEL 1969c (figs.); CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; CARUSO et alii 1987;
DISTR. – Sicily; Malta.
Haplophthalmus banaticus Radu, 1977
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1977c (figs.), 1979 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Haplophthalmus bituberculatus Strouhal, 1963
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: region of Mersin.
Haplophthalmus bonadonai Legrand & Vandel, 1950
BIBL. – LEGRAND & VANDEL 1950; VANDEL 1950e, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et
alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern France; NW-Italy.
Haplophthalmus caecus Radu, Radu & Cadariu, 1955
BIBL. – RADU et alii 1955 (figs.); TABACARU 1994.
DISTR. – Romania.
Haplophthalmus chisterai Cruz & Dalens, 1989
BIBL. – CRUZ & DALENS 1989 (figs.); CRUZ 1991a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
Haplophthalmus claviger Verhoeff, 1944
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1944 (figs.), 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: island Capri.
Haplophthalmus concordiae Verhoeff, 1952
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1952 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
Haplophthalmus cottianus Verhoeff, 1936 = H. mengii
Haplophthalmus dalmaticus Buturović, 1955
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1955d (figs.), 1958; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: near Dubrovnik.
Haplophthalmus danicus Budde-Lund, 1880
SYN. – Chavesia costulata, H. epiroticus, graecus, puteus
Descr., figs.: SARS 1898; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: GRUNER 1966a; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; JEPPESEN 2000.
Morph.: ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; LEGRAND 1946; LEGRAND & VANDEL 1950; VANDEL 1925b,
1950e; LOHMANDER 1927; DOMINIAK 1961; STROUHAL 1954b, 1963.
Anat.: ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; SILÉN 1954b.
Genet.: VANDEL 1941a; LEGRAND 1957b.
Reprod.: MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; GLAZIER et alii 2003.
Ecol.: MEINERTZ 1944b.
105
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); PALMÉN 1946a (SF, map), 1951a (Newfoundland, map); POLK 1959a
(B); VANDEL 1960a (figs.); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); GRUNER 1966a (D); DOMINIAK 1970b
(PL, map); SCHMALFUSS 1979b (GR); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); FORRÓ &
FARKAS 1998 (H, map); ANDREEV 2002 (BG); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); SAITO et alii
2000 (Japan).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Europe; introduced to many other parts of the world.
Haplophthalmus delmontensis Verhoeff, 1936
Haplophthalmus dollfusi Verhoeff, 1901 = H. mengii
Haplophthalmus elegans Schöbl, 1860 = H. mengii
Haplophthalmus epiroticus Strouhal, 1940 = H. danicus
Haplophthalmus fiumaranus Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e, 1930c, 1932a; ARCANGELI 1923a; STROUHAL 1940a, 1940d; BUTUROVIĆ
1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980;
MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy; Slovenia; Croatia.
Haplophthalmus gibbosus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.); STROUHAL 1940a; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Northern Croatia.
Haplophthalmus gibbus Legrand & Vandel, 1950
BIBL. – LEGRAND & VANDEL 1950; LEGRAND 1956b; VANDEL 1960a (p. 383, figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Southern and western France; Balearic Islands: Mallorca.
Haplophthalmus graecus Verhoeff, 1908 = H. danicus
Haplophthalmus helmsi Chilton, 1901 = Notoniscus h.
Haplophthalmus hungaricus Kesselyák, 1930
BIBL. – KESSELYÁK 1930a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1959; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; STROUHAL 1965b
(figs.); ALLSPACH & SZLAVECZ 1990; SZLAVECZ & LOKSA 1991; SZLAVECZ 1995; FORRÓ &
FARKAS 1998.
DISTR. – Hungary.
Haplophthalmus kosswigi Strouhal, 1963
DISTR. – Northern Turkey: coast of Black Sea.
Haplophthalmus intermedius Frankenberger, 1941
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ANDREEV 1972.
Haplophthalmus ionescui Radu, 1983
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1983 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Haplophthalmus legrandi Dominiak, 1961 = H. montivagus
Haplophthalmus ligurinus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c, 1931b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI &
FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Haplophthalmus litoralis Verhoeff, 1952
Haplophthalmus lombardicus Strouhal, 1948
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1948c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
Haplophthalmus mariae Strouhal, 1953
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1953c (figs.), 1964 (figs.); STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1974b; GRUNER 1966a (figs.); ALLSPACH 1989.
DISTR. – SE-Germany; western Austria.
Haplophthalmus medius Radu, Radu & Cadaru, 1956
BIBL. – RADU et alii 1956 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Haplophthalmus mengii (Zaddach, 1844)
SYN. – H. cottianus, elegans, dollfusi, perezi, verhoeffi, Itea m.
Orig. descr.: ZADDACH 1844 (Itea m.).
Descr., figs.: SARS 1898; BRIAN 1957a; VANDEL 1960a; DOMINIAK 1961; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: VERHOEFF 1936b; STROUHAL 1964.
Morph.: SCHÖBL 1860a; WEBER, M. 1880; SUTTON 1969.
Ecol.: SUTTON & HARDING 1989; SCHEU & POSER 1996; TAJOVSKY 1998.
106
Distr.: SARS 1899 (N); PALMÉN 1946a (SF); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); BRIAN 1957a (I); POLK 1959a
(B); VANDEL 1959d (Algeria, Morocco), 1960a ((Figs.), general), 1968a (Azores);
MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); STROUHAL 1964 (A, map), 1965b (H, map); GRUNER 1966a (D,
general); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E),
1974b (A); HOESE 1984c (Canary Islands); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map);
FLASAROVÁ 1986a, 1995, 1999 (former CS); ALLSPACH 1992 (D); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H,
map); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); FARKAS 2004b; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004 (H).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1960a; STROUHAL 1965b; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Europe; North Africa; Azores; Canary Islands.
REMARKS. – Only safe records after 1941 are considered.
Haplophthalmus meridionalis Legrand & Vandel, 1950
BIBL. – LEGRAND & VANDEL 1950 (figs.); VANDEL 1960a (figs.); DALENS 1965a; SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
Haplophthalmus monticellii Arcangeli, 1922
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1922a (figs.), 1923a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1930c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI &
FERRARA 1989c; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central and southern Italy.
Haplophthalmus montivagus Verhoeff, 1941
SYN. – H. legrandi
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941e (figs.); STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; VANDEL 1960a (H. mengii non
Zaddach); STROUHAL 1964 (figs.), 1965b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; GRUNER 1966a (figs.);
DOMINIAK 1970b; SCHMALFUSS 1975a (figs.), 1977b (figs.), 1983c (figs.); JEDRYCZKOWSKI
1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b; SCHAWALLER & SCHMALFUSS 1983; LASAR
1985; ALLSPACH 1992; ARGANO et alii 1995; ERHARD 1997 (figs.); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998;
ZIEGLER 2003.
DISTR. – France; Switzerland; Germany; Italy; Austria; Hungary; southern Poland.
Haplophthalmus montivagus austriacus Verhoeff, 1941 = H. austriacus
Haplophthalmus movilae Gruia & Giurginca, 1998
BIBL. – GRUIA & GIURGINCA 1998 (figs.).
Haplophthalmus napocensis Radu, 1977
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1977c (figs.), 1979 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Haplophthalmus orientalis Radu, Radu & Cadaru, 1956
BIBL. – RADU et alii 1956 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Haplophthalmus papillicornis (Richardson, 1905) = Detonella p.
Haplophthalmus paradoxus Schmölzer, 1962 = Italoniscus sorattinus
Haplophthalmus perezi Legrand, 1942 = H. mengii
Haplophthalmus portofinensis Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e, 1930c, 1931b; ARCANGELI 1923a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii
1995.
Haplophthalmus provincialis Legrand & Vandel, 1950
BIBL. – LEGRAND & VANDEL 1950 (figs.); VANDEL 1950e, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
FERRARA & TAITI 1978b.
DISTR. – Southern France; Italy: Tuscany.
Haplophthalmus pumilio Verhoeff, 1944
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1944 (figs.), 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Haplophthalmus puteus Hay, 1899 = H. danicus
Haplophthalmus rhinoceros Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.); STROUHAL 1940a; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Northern Croatia.
Haplophthalmus siculus Dollfus, 1896
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896(figs.); VERHOEFF 1930c; ARCANGELI 1923a (figs.); STROUHAL 1940a;
VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1950e (figs.), 1959d, 1969c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CARUSO &
BRISOLESE 1974 (figs.); CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987; CRUZ 1991a; ARGANO et alii
1995.
DISTR. – Portugal; Spain; southern Italy; Sicily.
Haplophthalmus sorattinus Verhoeff, 1951 = Italoniscus s.
Haplophthalmus strinatii Vandel, 1955 = Graeconiscus s.
Haplophthalmus stygivagus Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936d (figs.), 1943b; LATTIN 1939b (figs.); FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL
1940; ÇAĞLAR 1948; VANDEL 1955f (figs.); STROUHAL 1963; SCHMALFUSS 1986d.
DISTR. – Western Turkey; Lebanon.
Haplophthalmus tasmanicus Chilton, 1915 = Notoniscus t.
107
Haplophthalmus teissieri Legrand, 1943

BIBL. – LEGRAND 1943b (figs.); LEGRAND & VANDEL 1950; VANDEL 1950e, 1960a (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Western France.
Haplophthalmus thermophilus Çağlar, 1948 = Graeconiscus t.
Haplophthalmus tismanicus Tabacaru, 1970
BIBL. – TABACARU 1970 (figs.), 1993a (figs.), 1994.
DISTR. – Romania.
Haplophthalmus transiens Legrand & Vandel, 1950
BIBL. – LEGRAND & VANDEL 1950 (figs.); VANDEL 1952a, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1971.
DISTR. – Southern France; Spain.
Haplophthalmus unituberculatus Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955(figs.) (pp. 468 + 527, figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1986d.
DISTR. – NW-Syria; Lebanon.
Haplophthalmus valenciae Cruz & Dalens, 1989
DISTR. – Eastern Spain: region of Valencia.
Haplophthalmus verhoeffi Strouhal, 1948 = H. mengii
H a w a i i o s c i a Schultz, 1973
Hawaiioscia microphthalma Taiti & Howarth, 1997
BIBL. – TAITI & HOWARTH 1997 (figs.); RIVERA et alii 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Hawaii Archipelago: island Oahu.
Hawaiioscia paeninsulae Taiti & Howarth, 1997
DISTR. – Hawaii Archipelago: island Molokai.
Hawaiioscia parvituberculata Schultz, 1973
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1973 (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – Hawaii Archipelago: island Maui.
Hawaiioscia rotundata Taiti & Howarth, 1997
DISTR. – Hawaii Archipelago: island Kauai.
H a w a i o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Hawaiodillo danae (Dollfus, 1900)
SYN. – Armadillo d., Hawaiodillo frontalis, Spherillo frontalis
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1900; BUDDE-LUND 1904; VERHOEFF 1926a; JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1977a;
TAITI & FERRARA 1991b.
Hawaiodillo frontalis (Budde-Lund, 1904) = H. danae
Hawaiodillo perkinsi (Dollfus, 1900)
SYN. – Armadillo p., Spherillo p.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1900 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; VERHOEFF 1926a; JACKSON 1941; TAITI &
FERRARA 1991b; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996.
DISTR. – Hawaii Archipelago: islands Maui and ?Kauai.
Hawaiodillo sharpi (Dollfus, 1900)
SYN. – Armadillo s., Spherillo s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1900 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; VERHOEFF 1926a; JACKSON 1941; TAITI &
FERRARA 1991b; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996.
H e k e l u s Barnard, 1932
Crinocheta: family Hekelidae
Hekelus episimus Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932; FERRARA 1977b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
H e l e n o n i s c u s Legrand, 1943
Helenoniscus prenanti Legrand, 1943
BIBL. – LEGRAND 1943b; VANDEL 1960a.
DISTR. – SW-France.
108
Helenoscia alticola Vandel, 1977 = Littorophiloscia a.
Hellenonethes vejdovskyi Frankenberger, 1939 = Alpioniscus v.
H e l l e r i a Ebner, 1868
Tylida: family Tylidae
Helleria brevicornis Ebner, 1868
SYN. – Syngastron dasypus, Syntomatogaster dasypus, Syspastus b., sardous
Orig. descr.: EBNER 1868.
Descr., figs.: VANDEL 1960a.
Syst.: VANDEL 1960a.
Morph.: EBNER 1907; MACCAGNO 1932b; COLLINGE 1941; VANDEL 1943, 1960a; ROSSI 1948;
ARCANGELI 1950a; FRANKENBERGER 1959; HOESE 1982b, 1983, 1984d; SCHMALFUSS
1989(figs.); ERHARD 1996, 1997.
Anat.: GUIEYSSE-PELLISSIER 1906.
Cuticle, molt: ROSSI 1948; ZIEGLER 2003.
Glands: LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1960a.
Physiol.: JUCHAULT 1968; RONDELAND & JUCHAULT 1970; CAREFOOT et alii 2000; WRIGHT et alii
2003.
Sex det.: JUCHAULT & LEGRAND 1964a, 1964b, 1964c; LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1970b.
Reprod.: MEAD 1963, 1964, 1965b.
Behav.: EBNER 1907.
Ecol.: VANDEL 1960a; CAREFOOT et alii 2000.
Distr.: VANDEL 1948f (map), 1954n, 1960a (map); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA
1996.
Bibl.: VANDEL 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – SE-France; Corsica; Sardinia; Tuscan Archipelago: islands Capraia, Elba and
Pianosa; continental Italy: Monte Massoncello near Livorno.
H e m i l e p i s t o i d e s Borutzky, 1945
Hemilepistoides messerianus Borutzky, 1945
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945, 1972b.
H e m i l e p i s t u s Budde-Lund, 1879
Hemilepistus aphganicus Borutzky, 1958
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1958, 1972b, 1978b; LINCOLN 1970; SCHNEIDER 1970, 1973, 1975; SCHNEIDER
& NAUROZ 1972; COENEN-STASS 1981; HOESE 1981, 1982a; SCHMALFUSS 1975a, 1983c.
DISTR. – Afghanistan.
Hemilepistus bodenheimeri Verhoeff, 1931 = H. reaumurii
Hemilepistus brevicaudatus Brandt, 1833 = H. reaumurii
Hemilepistus buddelundi Borutzky, 1945
Hemilepistus communis Borutzky, 1945
Hemilepistus crenulatus (Pallas, 1771)
SYN. – H. elegans, pectinatus, Oniscus c., Porcellio c., elegans
BIBL. – PALLAS 1771; ULJANIN 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885; ?OMER-COOPER 1923; ARCANGELI
1932e; BORUTZKY 1945, 1958, 1972b, 1978b; LINCOLN 1970.
DISTR. – Turkestan; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Tadzhikistan; ?Iraq.
Hemilepistus cristatus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – H. uljanini
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1945, 1955b, 1958, 1961a, 1972b, 1978b; LINCOLN
1970; KOZLOVSKAJA & STRIGANOVA 1977; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – ?Iran; Turkmenia.
Hemilepistus elegans (Uljanin, 1875) = H. crenulatus
Hemilepistus elongatus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Desertellio e.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1945, 1955b, 1961a, 1972b; RÖDER et alii 1993, 1996;
RÖDER 1996; ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997; RÖDER & LINSENMAIR 1998, 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Transcaucasus”; easternmost Turkey: Ararat; Turkmenia.
Hemilepistus fedtschenkoi (Uljanin, 1875)
109
BIBL. – ULJANIN 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1945, 1972b.
DISTR. – Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan.
Hemilepistus heptneri Borutzky, 1945
Hemilepistus klugii (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Porcellio k.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885; STEBBING 1911; BORUTZKY 1945, 1951, 1958, 1972b,
1978b; LINCOLN 1970; ?SCHOTTE 1993 [identification and origin from "Pakistan"
questionable].
DISTR. – Azerbaidzhan; Iran; ?“Kashmir”.
Hemilepistus magnus Borutzky, 1945
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945, 1958, 1972b, 1978b; LINCOLN 1970.
Hemilepistus nodosus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1945; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Turkmenia; Kazakhstan.
Hemilepistus palaestinus Verhoeff, 1931 = H. reaumurii
Hemilepistus patrizii Brian, 1932 = H. reaumurii
Hemilepistus pavlovskii Borutzky, 1954
DISTR. – Kazakhstan.
Hemilepistus pectinatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = H. crenulatus
Hemilepistus reaumurii (Milne-Edwards, 1840)
SYN. – H. bodenheimeri, brevicaudatus, palaestinus, patrizii, rostratus, sottii, Paraniambia
tuberculata, Porcellio brevicaudatus, r.
Orig. descr., figs.: MILNE-EDWARDS 1840 (Porcellio r.) (referring to AUDOUIN 1826).
Descr., figs.: AUDOUIN 1826, LINCOLN 1970.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; BRIAN 1930; BORUTZKY 1958.
Morph.: HOESE 1981, 1982a, 1989; REZIG & NASRI 1992; TABACARU & GIURGINCA 2003b (figs.).
Anat.: REZIG & NASRI 1992.
Nervous system: KACEM-LACHKAR 2000.
Cuticle, molt: SCHMALFUSS 1975a, 1978b; WARBURG 1989.
Respir.: MACCAGNO 1938.
Physiol.: CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1956a; COENEN-STASS 1981, 1984a, 1985, 1989a; SCHILDKNECHT
et alii 1988; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998.
Reprod.: WARBURG 1991, 1992a, 1994a, 1994b.
Pop. dyn.: SHACHAK & YAIR 1984; SHACHAK & BRAND 1988.
Ontog.: FADIEL & NAIR 1991; KACEM-LACHKAR 1997.
Sense organs: SEELINGER 1977, 1983; MUELLER et alii 1993; NASRI & MARTIN 1996.
Behav.: CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1956a; WARBURG 1968a; LINSENMAIR & LINSENMAIR 1971;
LINSENMAIR 1972, 1975, 1979, 1984, 1985, 1987; SHACHAK et alii 1979; HOFFMANN, G.
1983a, 1983b, 1984, 1985a, 1985b, 1989; SHACHAK & NEWTON 1985; BAKER et alii 1998.
Life history: SHACHAK 1980; KACEM & REZIG 1995.
Nutr.: GHABOUR et alii 1983; FADIEL & NAIR 1991.
Ecol.: SHACHAK et alii 1976; KHEIRALLAH 1980a; SHACHAK 1980; SHACHAK & YAIR 1984; SHACHAK
& NEWTON 1985; COENEN-STASS 1988, 1989b; SHACHAK & BRAND 1988; SHACHAK et alii
1995; BRANDWINE & SHACHAK 1998; CITRON-POUSTY & SHACHAK 1998; WARBURG & HORNUNG
1999.
Distr.: LINCOLN 1970; COENEN-STASS 1984b; SCHMALFUSS 1986d.
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; LINCOLN 1970.
DISTR. – Desert margins between eastern Algeria and western Syria.
Hemilepistus reductus Borutzky, 1945
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945, 1958, 1972b, 1978b; LINCOLN 1970.
Hemilepistus rhinoceros Borutzky, 1958
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1958, 1972b, 1978b; MARIKOVSKY 1969, 1972; LINCOLN 1970.
DISTR. – Kazakhstan.
Hemilepistus rostratus Arcangeli, 1932 = H. reaumurii
Hemilepistus ruderalis (Pallas, 1771)
SYN. – Oniscus r., Porcellio pallasii
BIBL. – PALLAS 1771; BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1945.
DISTR. – Crimea; “Caucasus”; Turkmenia.
Hemilepistus russonovae Borutzky, 1951
DISTR. – Azerbaijan.
Hemilepistus schirazi Lincoln, 1970
BIBL. – LINCOLN 1970; BORUTZKY 1978b.
110
DISTR. – Southern Iran: region of Shiraz.

Hemilepistus sottii Arcangeli, 1932 = H. reaumurii
Hemilepistus uljanini Borutzky, 1955 = H. cristatus (compare BORUTZKY 1978b)
Hemilepistus zachvatkini Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930d; BORUTZKY 1945, 1953.
DISTR. – Tadjikistan; Uzbekistan.
Heminagara tahitiensis Jackson, 1935 = Nagurus t.
Genus Hemiporcellio = Genus Agnara
H e r o l d i a Verhoeff, 1926
Heroldia appressa Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a; JACKSON 1941.
Heroldia canalensis Verhoeff, 1926
Heroldia digitifera Verhoeff, 1926
Heroldia humboldti Verhoeff, 1926
Heroldia monticola Verhoeff, 1926
Heroldia reticulata Verhoeff, 1926
H i a l l e l g o n Paulian de Félice, 1945

Hiallelgon jeanneli Paulian de Félice, 1945
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
H i a l l i d e s Richardson, 1909
Hiallides minutus Richardson, 1909
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1909a, 1922a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “near Ourbon”.
H i a l l u m Budde-Lund, 1899
Hiallum affine Richardson, 1909
DISTR. – Ethiopia; ?Kenya.
REMARKS. – Probably belongs to the genus Periscyphis.
Hiallum camerunicum Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985.
DISTR. – Cameroon: Kounden.
Hiallum hilgendorfii (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – Eubelum h.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898 (figs.), 1899; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – ?Uganda: Ruwenzori.
Hiallum postflavum Richardson, 1909
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Dallo”.
Hiallum richardsoni Paulian de Félice, 1945
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
111
Hiallum rothschildi Richardson, 1909

H i a t o n i s c u s Barnard, 1932
Hiatoniscus contractus Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Hiatoniscus griseus Barnard, 1932
Hileioniscus goeldii Lemos de Castro, 1967 = Dubioniscus g.
H o c t u n u s Mulaik, 1960
Hoctunus vespertilio Mulaik, 1960
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960.
DISTR. – Mexico: Yucatán.
H o n d o n i s c u s Vandel, 1968
Hondoniscus kitakamiensis Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968b; NUNOMURA 1983; TABACARU 1996a; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Iwate Prefecture.
Hondoniscus mogamiensis Nunomura, 1990
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1990; TABACARU 1996a; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Yamagata Prefecture.
H o r a Barnard, 1932
Hora damae Barnard, 1932
H u n t o n i a Vandel, 1973
Huntonia montana Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Australia: “Jacobs River”.
H y b o d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Hybodillo australiensis Vandel, 1973 = Pseudodiploexochus a.
Hybodillo colocasiae Herold, 1931
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a; VANDEL 1973c.
DISTR. – Java.
Hybodillo dianicus Dai & Cai, 1998
BIBL. – DAI & CAI 1998.
Hybodillo ishii Nunomura, 1990
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1990, 1999a; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Okinawa Island.
Hybodillo jubatus Herold, 1931 = Tuberillo j.
Hybodillo monocellatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982f.
DISTR. – Andaman Islands: South Andaman.
Hybodillo pygmaeus Vandel, 1973 = Myrmecodillo p.
H y l o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1908
Hyloniscus adonis Verhoeff, 1927
112
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1927b, 1939(figs.); MEHELY 1929a; STROUHAL 1948c, 1951; STROUHAL &
FRANZ 1954; BUTUROVIĆ 1955b, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; KARAMAN 1966a, 1966b;
POTOČNIK 1979; ARGANO et alii 1995; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – NE-Italy; Austria; Slovenia; Bosnia and Hercegovina.
Hyloniscus banaticus Verhoeff, 1927 = H. transsilvanicus
Hyloniscus beckeri Herold, 1939
SYN. – H. beieri, parnesius, zorae
BIBL. – HEROLD 1939; VERHOEFF 1939a; STROUHAL 1954b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS
1975b, 1978b, 1979b, 1999; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b; TABACARU 1996a; KARAMAN & ČEMERLIĆ
1999.
DISTR. – Albania; Macedonia; western Greece.
Hyloniscus beieri Strouhal, 1954 = H. beckeri
Hyloniscus borceai Radu, 1977 = nomen nudum
Hyloniscus cornutus Nunomura, 1983 = Nippononethes c.
Hyloniscus crassicornis Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926b, 1927b, 1933b; MEHELY 1929a; VANDEL 1946a, 1965c, 1967a;
BUTUROVIĆ 1955b, 1958, 1960; GUEORGUIEV & BERON 1962; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN
1966b; ANDREEV 1972; PLJAKIĆ 1977; TABACARU 1996a; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Bosnia and Hercegovina; Serbia; Montenegro; Bulgaria.
Hyloniscus dacicus Tabacaru, 1972
BIBL. – TABACARU 1972, 1993a, 1994, 1996a.
DISTR. – Romania.
Hyloniscus dalmaticus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU
1996a.
DISTR. – Croatia: Dalmatia.
Hyloniscus elisabethae Radu, 1977 = nomen nudum
Hyloniscus flammula Vandel, 1965
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965c; ANDREEV 1972, 2002; TABACARU 1972, 1996a.
Hyloniscus flammuloides Tabacaru, 1972
BIBL. – TABACARU 1972, 1994, 1996a; RADU, V. G. 1983.
DISTR. – Romania.
Hyloniscus germanicus (Verhoeff, 1901) = H. riparius
Hyloniscus inflatus Verhoeff, 1927
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1927b; MEHELY 1929a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Romania.
Hyloniscus kiiensis Nunomura, 1990 = Nippononethes k.
Hyloniscus kopaonicensis Buturović, 1960
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1960; KARAMAN 1966b; PLJAKIĆ 1977; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Serbia.
Hyloniscus kossovensis Pljakić, 1977
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1977; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Serbia.
Hyloniscus kuramotoi Nunomura, 1983 = Nippononethes k.
Hyloniscus macedonicus Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Macedonia; NW-Greece.
Hyloniscus marani Frankenberger, 1940
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1940b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; TABACARU 1996a.
Hyloniscus marginalis Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – Trichoniscus m., vividus var. m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1908(figs.), 1926b, 1927b; MEHELY 1929a; BUTUROVIĆ 1955b, 1958;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; PLJAKIĆ 1977; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Bosnia and Hercegovina; Serbia.
Hyloniscus mariae Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908(figs.), 1926b, 1927b; MEHELY 1929a, 1929b; DEMIANOWICZ 1934;
KESSELYÁK 1936; DUDICH 1957; FLASAROVÁ 1958; FRANKENBERGER 1959; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
DOMINIAK 1970b; KRUMPAL 1975; RADU, V. G. 1977b; TABACARU 1996a; TOMESCU et alii
2001, 2002a.
DISTR. – Southern Poland; former Czechoslovakia; Romania.
Hyloniscus motasi (Radu, 1976)
SYN. – Ropaloniscus m.
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1976 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Romania.
Hyloniscus narentanus Verhoeff, 1908 = H. vividus
Hyloniscus nishikawai Nunomura, 1990 = Nippononethes n.
Hyloniscus parnesius Verhoeff, 1939 = H. beckeri
113
Hyloniscus pilifer Verhoeff, 1933

BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933b; FRANKENBERGER 1941a; VANDEL 1946a; ARCANGELI 1952a; BUTUROVIĆ
1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Montenegro; Macedonia.
Hyloniscus pugionum Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926b, 1927b; MEHELY 1929a; HEROLD 1939; GUEORGUIEV & BERON 1962;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965c; TABACARU 1996a; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Hyloniscus refugiorum Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994;
ARGANO et alii 1995; TABACARU 1996a.
Hyloniscus rilensis Mehely, 1929
BIBL. – MEHELY 1929a, 1929b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1996a.
Hyloniscus riparius (C. Koch, 1838)
SYN. – H. germanicus, Itea r., Philoscia notata, Trichoniscus germanicus, montanus,
notatus, r., tirolensis, violaceus, vividus var. montanus
Orig. descr.: KOCH, C. 1838 (Itea r.).
Descr.: VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Figs.: RADU, V. G. 1939; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: GRUNER 1966a; RADU, V. G. 1977b.
Morph.: MEHELY 1929a, 1929b; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; LEGRAND 1946; MATHES 1956;
FLASAROVÁ 1967; HOESE 1981, 1982b, 1989; HOESE & JANSSEN 1989; ERHARD 1997.
Anat.: MEHELY 1932.
Cuticle, molt: ZIEGLER 2003.
Glands: MEHELY 1932.
Reprod.: SCHULTZ 1965b; TOMESCU et alii 2002a.
Pop. dyn.: GULIČKA 1960; SCHULTZ 1965b.
Sense organs: ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b.
Life history: SCHULTZ 1965b.
Ecol.: MATTHES 1950; GULIČKA 1960; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a; JEDRYCZKOWSKI 1979, 1980,
1981, 1985, 1987; RIPPLINGER & ALBERTI 1993; TAJOVSKY 1998; FARKAS et alii 1999;
TOMESCU et alii 1995, 2002a, 2002b; DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997; TUF 2003; ZIMMER
2003.
Distr.: SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); PALMÉN 1947 (SF), 1951a (Newfoundland, map);
HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); VANDEL 1960a ((Figs.)); GRUNER
1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); ANDREEV 1972, 2002
(BG); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); PLJAKIĆ 1977 (Serbia); RADU, V. G. 1977b (RO); SCHULTZ
1982a (N-America); FLASAROVÁ 1988, 1995, 1999 (former CS); KOFLER 1989 (A); JASS &
KLAUSMEIER 1990 (N-America); ALLSPACH 1992 (D); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map) ;
TOMESCU et alii 2002b (RO) ; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004 (H).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Central and eastern Europe; introduced in North America.
Hyloniscus siculus Mehely, 1929
BIBL. – MEHELY 1929a, 1929b; RADU, V. G. 1939, 1977b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1996a;
TOMESCU et alii 2001.
DISTR. – Romania.
Hyloniscus stankovici Pljakić, 1972
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1972b, 1977; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Serbia.
Hyloniscus taborskyi Frankenberger, 1940
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1940b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU 1996a.
Hyloniscus tirolensis (Verhoeff, 1901) = H. riparius
Hyloniscus transsilvanicus (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – H. banaticus, Trichoniscus t.
BIBL. – MEHELY 1929a, 1929b, 1932; VERHOEFF 1901c, 1927b; KESSELYÁK 1937a; RADU, V. G.
1939, 1977b; BUTUROVIĆ 1960; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TOMESCU & RADU 1971;
TABACARU 1972, 1994, 1996a; TOMESCU 1974a, 1976; RADU & TOMESCU 1976; PLJAKIĆ 1977;
FLASAROVÁ 1980, 1986a; FLASAR & FLASAROVÁ 1989; FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; ; TOMESCU et
alii 2001, 2002a, 2002b; KONTSCHÁN 2003.
DISTR. – Slovakia; Hungary; Serbia; Romania.
Hyloniscus travnicensis Buturović, 1955
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1955b, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Bosnia.
Hyloniscus uenoi Vandel, 1968 = Nippononethes u.
114
Hyloniscus unidentatus Vandel, 1970 = Nippononethes u.

Hyloniscus vividus (C. Koch, 1841)
SYN. – H. narentanus, Itea v.
BIBL. – KOCH, C. 1841; VERHOEFF 1908(figs.), 1926b, 1927b; MEHELY 1929a, 1929b;
KESSELYÁK 1937a; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a;
ERHARD 1997; FARKAS 2004b.
DISTR. – Slovenia; Hungary: Transdanubia; Hercegovina.
Hyloniscus zorae Karaman & Čemerlić, 1999 = H. beckeri
Hypergnathus texensis Richardson, 1905 = Rhyscotus t.
I b e r o n i s c u s Vandel, 1952
Iberoniscus breuili Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: districts of Jerez de la Frontera and Malaga; Gibraltar.
Iglesius coccineus Costa, 1883 = nomen dubium
I g n a m b a Budde-Lund, 1910
Ignamba brevis Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1987; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Kilimanjaro region.
Ignamba jocquei Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi.
Ignamba malawiensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi.
Ignamba microps Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1987; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Malawi: Kiboscho.
Ignamba parvisulcata Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi: Viphya Mountains.
Illyricosphaera subterranea Verhoeff, 1933 = Paraschizidium coeculum
Illyrionethes cervinus Verhoeff, 1931 = Aegonethes c.

Illyrionethes enriquesi Arcangeli, 1932 = Alpioniscus strasseri
Further species of Illyrionethes see under Alpioniscus
I n c h a n g a Barnard, 1932
Inchanga natalensis Barnard, 1932
Inchanga virgiliae Barnard, 1932
I n d o n i s c u s Vandel, 1952
Indoniscus albidus (Vandel, 1952)
SYN. – Styloniscus a., mauritiensis a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952(figs.), 1973b; BARNARD 1958 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Indoniscus bourbonensis Vandel, 1973 = nomen nudum
Indoniscus deharvengi Dalens, 1987
Indoniscus mauritiensis (Barnard, 1936) = Styloniscus m.
Indoniscus orientalis Vandel, 1973
115

DISTR. – New Guinea; Solomon Archipelago.
Indoniscus vandeli (Barnard, 1958)
SYN. – Styloniscus mauritiensis Vandel, v.
BIBL. –VANDEL 1952f (figs.), 1973b; BARNARD 1958; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Irakoniscus kosswigi Vandel, 1980 = Porcellionides k.
I r m a o s Ferrara & Taiti, 1983

Crinocheta: family Irmaosidae
Irmaos lobatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
DISTR. – Seychelles: island Mahé.
Irmaos seychellarum Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
I s a b e l l o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Isabelloscia heroldi Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island Santa Isabel.
I s c h i o s c i a Verhoeff, 1928
Ischioscia amazonica Lemos de Castro, 1955
SYN. – Proischioscia a.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1955 (figs.), 1967; VANDEL 1968c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1980a; SOUZA-
KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a (figs.).
Ischioscia andina (Vandel, 1968)
SYN. – Proischioscia a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1980a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW &
SCHMIDT 2002a (map).
DISTR. – Ecuador: Cotopaxi.
Ischioscia bolivari Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1980a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW &
SCHMIDT 2002a (figs.).
Ischioscia cadoangelis Leistikow, 2000
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 2000a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a (map).
DISTR. – Costa Rica.
Ischioscia colorata Leistikow, 2001
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 2001b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a (map).
DISTR. – Northern Venezuela.
Ischioscia curvaculeus Leistikow, 2001
DISTR. – NE-Colombia: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Ischioscia debilis (Budde-Lund, 1893) = nomen dubium (see LEISTIKOW 2001(figs.)).
Ischioscia elongata Leistikow, 1997
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 1997a (figs.), 2000a; LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a (map).
Ischioscia fasciifrons Leistikow, 2001
DISTR. – Northwestern Venezuela.
Ischioscia guamae Leistikow, 2001
Ischioscia hanagarthi Schmalfuss, 1980
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1980a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a
(map).
DISTR. – Peru: Huanuco.
Ischioscia hirsuta Leistikow, 2001
DISTR. – Northwestern Venezuela.
Ischioscia irmleri Schmalfuss, 1980
116
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1980a (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW &
SCHMIDT 2002a (map).
Ischioscia lobifera Verhoeff, 1928 = I. variegata
Ischioscia longicauda Schmalfuss, 1980
(map).
Ischioscia marmorata Leistikow, 2000
Ischioscia martinae Leistikow, 1997
Ischioscia mineri Van Name, 1936
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936, 1940; SCHMALFUSS 1980a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW
2000f (figs.); LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a (map).
DISTR. – Lesser Antilles: Dominica and Guadeloupe.
Ischioscia muelleri Leistikow, 1997
Ischioscia nitida (Miers, 1877) = nomen dubium (see LEISTIKOW 2001(figs.)).
SYN. – Philoscia n., Philougria n.
BIBL. – MIERS 1877b; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1925, 1936; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1944a;
SCHMALFUSS 1980a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – “Peru and Guiana”.
Ischioscia panamensis Leistikow, 1999
DISTR. – Panama.
Ischioscia pariae Leistikow, 2001
DISTR. – NE-Venezuela.
Ischioscia plurimaculata Leistikow, 2000
Ischioscia quadrispinis Leistikow, 2000
Ischioscia stenocarpa Schmalfuss, 1980
(map).
Ischioscia sturmi (Vandel, 1972)
SYN. – Proischioscia s.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972g (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1980a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW &
SCHMIDT 2002a (figs.), 2002b (figs.).
DISTR. – Colombia: Bogotá region.
Ischioscia trifasciata Leistikow, 2001
DISTR. – Central Venezuela.
Ischioscia variegata (Dollfus, 1893)
SYN. – Ischioscia lobifera, Philoscia v.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893a, 1896e; VAN NAME 1926, 1936, 1942; VERHOEFF 1928a (figs.), 1941d;
ARCANGELI 1930b, 1932d; VANDEL 1952d; SCHMALFUSS 1980a; PAOLETTI 1989; LEISTIKOW
1997a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001b; LEISTIKOW & SCHMIDT 2002a
(map).
DISTR. – Panama; Venezuela; ?French Guiana; ?Lesser Antilles: Dominica.
Ischioscia zebricolor Leistikow, 1999
DISTR. – Panama.
Italoarmadillidium dudichi Arcangeli, 1929 = Armadillidium album
I t a l o n i s c u s Schmölzer, 1962
Italoniscus paradoxus Schmölzer, 1962 = I. sorattinus
Italoniscus sorattinus (Verhoeff, 1951)
117
SYN. – Haplophthalmus paradoxus, s., I. paradoxus

BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1951a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1962, 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Itea crassicornis C. Koch, 1844 = Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii

Itea dentigera (Verhoeff, 1908) = Androniscus dentiger
Itea laevis Zaddach, 1844 = Trichoniscus pusillus
Itea mengii Zaddach, 1844 = Haplophthalmus m.
Itea microps (Budde-Lund, 1906) = Androniscus m.
Itea nana C. Koch, 1844 = nomen dubium
Itea riparia C. Koch, 1838 = Hyloniscus r.
Itea rosea C. Koch, 1838 = Androniscus r.
Itea vivida C. Koch, 1841 = Hyloniscus v.
Japanoniscus balssi Verhoeff, 1928 = Alloniscus b.
J a v a n o s c i a Schultz, 1985
Javanoscia elongata Schultz, 1985
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Java: “Semuluh Cave”.
J i m e n e z i a Vandel, 1973
Jimenezia heteroclita Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973f (figs.), 1981.
DISTR. – Cuba: province Oriente.
Kamerunillo sulcatus Verhoeff, 1942 = Synarmadillo globus
K a m e r u t h e l u m Verhoeff, 1942
Kameruthelum stylifer Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1974a; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA &
TAITI 1979.
K a t a s c a p h i u s Verhoeff, 1936
Katascaphius sturanus Verhoeff, 1936
Kefalloniscus hauseri Schmalfuss, 1986 = Xeroporcellio pandazisi
K e n y o n i s c u s Schmölzer, 1974
Kenyoniscus paradoxus Schmölzer, 1974
K i m b e r l e y d i l l o Dalens, 1993
Kimberleydillo waldockae Dalens, 1993
BIBL. – DALENS 1993b (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia: Kimberley.
Kisuma papillosa Budde-Lund, 1912 = Exalloniscus p.
K i t h i r o n i s c u s Schmalfuss, 1995
Kithironiscus dobrogicus Tabacaru & Giurginca, 2003
BIBL. – TABACARU & GIURGINCA 2003a (figs.).
Kithironiscus paragamiani Schmalfuss, 1995
118
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1995 (figs.).

DISTR. – Greece: island Kíthira south of Peloponnese.
K i v u d i l l o Ferrara & Taiti, 1976

Kivudillo benoiti Ferrara & Taiti, 1976
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1976 (figs.), 1979.
DISTR. – Zaire: Kivu region.
K o g m a n i a Barnard, 1932
Kogmania depressa Barnard, 1932
Komatia marginata Barnard, 1932 = Aphiloscia maculicornis
K o r e o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1937
Koreoniscus racovitzai (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Lucasius r., Porcellio r.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; VERHOEFF 1937c; FLASAROVÁ 1972 (figs.); KWON 1993
(figs.).
DISTR. – China: Beijing; Korea; Japan: “Okitsu”.
Koreoniscus huaguoshanensis Tang & Gui, 2000
BIBL. – TANG & GUI 2000 (figs.) .
DISTR. – Eastern China: Jiangsu Province.
Genus Koshiniscus = Genus Armadilloniscus (see KWON 1995)
K o s s w i g i u s Verhoeff, 1941
Kosswigius bilselii Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a, 1943b; VANDEL 1959d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Turkey: Istanbul region and coast of Sea of Marmara; Algeria: Algiers
(introduced).
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of Monocyphoniscus bulgaricus.
Kosswigius caniensis Vandel, 1958 = Monocyphoniscus c.
Kosswigius delattini Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a (figs.), 1943b; VANDEL 1980; SCHMALFUSS 1999.
DISTR. – NW-Turkey; Greece: Aegean island Lésvos.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of Monocyphoniscus bulgaricus.
K o w e i t o n i s c u s Vandel, 1975
Koweitoniscus ahmadii Vandel, 1975 = K. tamei
Koweitoniscus rostratus Ferrara & Taiti, 1986
DISTR. – Southwestern Saudi Arabia.
Koweitoniscus tamei (Omer-Cooper, 1923)
SYN. – Eosphaerillo kosswigi, K. ahmadii, Periscyphis t.
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1923 (figs.), 1926; AHMED 1974; VANDEL 1975a (figs.), 1980; FERRARA &
TAITI 1986c (figs.), 1996a; SCHMALFUSS 1986d; KHEIRALLAH 1991; TAITI & FERRARA 1991c.
DISTR. – Syria; Iraq; Kuwait.
Koweitoniscus vanharteni Ferrara & Taiti, 1996
DISTR. – Yemen.
K r a n t z i a Barnard, 1932
Krantzia poecila Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1937, 1949; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Krimonethes coecum (Carl, 1904) = Typhloligidium c.

119
K u s c h e l o n i s c u s Strouhal, 1961
Kuscheloniscus vandeli Strouhal, 1961
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1961b (figs.).
DISTR. – Chile: Juan Fernández Islands.
Labyrinthasius graecus Verhoeff, 1929 = Bathytropa granulata

Labyrinthasius graevei Verhoeff, 1940 = Bathytropa g.
L a e v o p h i l o s c i a Wahrberg, 1922
Laevophiloscia brevicorpore Wahrberg, 1922
Laevophiloscia dongarrensis Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia: Perth region, Jurien Bay.
Laevophiloscia flava (Budde-Lund, 1913)
Laevophiloscia hamiltoni Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Western Australia: Augusta region, Jurien Bay.
Laevophiloscia hirta Wahrberg, 1922
DISTR. – Western Australia: “Moonyoonooka”.
Laevophiloscia karrakattensis Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; BUNN & GREEN 1982; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia: Perth and Rottnest Island.
Laevophiloscia longicaudata Wahrberg, 1922
DISTR. – Western Australia: Northampton, Bridgetown.
Laevophiloscia lowryi Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Western Australia: Eucla Basin.
Laevophiloscia michaelseni Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Western Australia: Nullarbor Plain.
Laevophiloscia myrmecophila Wahrberg, 1922
DISTR. – Queensland (Australia): S Brisbane.
Laevophiloscia perlata Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); BOWLEY 1935; VANDEL 1973c; BUNN & GREEN 1982; GREEN et
alii 2002.
DISTR. – Southwestern Western Australia.
Laevophiloscia richardsae Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Australia: "Stockyard Gully".
Laevophiloscia rouxi Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Philoscia r.
DISTR. – Loyalty Islands.
Laevophiloscia scholastica Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – New South Wales (Australia): Sydney.
Laevophiloscia subterranea (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Philoscia s.
DISTR. – Western Australia: “Yallingup Cave”.
Laevophiloscia unidentata Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Western Australia: “Arrowsmith River Area”.
Laevophiloscia yalgoonensis Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c (figs.); DALENS 1993b; GREEN et alii 2002.
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L a n c e o c h a e t u s Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978

Lanceochaetus camerunicus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.), 1982; SCHMALFUSS 1978b (figs.); FERRARA &
SCHMALFUSS 1983.
L a n i n o n i s c u s Reca, 1973
Laninoniscus giambiagiae Reca, 1973
BIBL. – RECA 1973 (figs.).
DISTR. – Central Argentina: province Neuquén.
L a p i l l o n i s c u s Brian, 1938
Lapilloniscus patrizii Brian, 1938
BIBL. – BRIAN 1938a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
L a u r e o l a Barnard, 1960
Laureola atlantica Vandel, 1977 = Pseudolaureola a.
Laureola bivomer Barnard, 1960
Laureola canberrensis (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Praelaureola c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983; KWON et alii 1992; GREEN et alii
2002.
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales, Canberra District.
Laureola dubia Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Gulf of Guinea: islands Principe and São Tomé.
Laureola hiatus Barnard, 1960
Laureola hystrix (Barnard, 1958) = Pseudolaureola h.
Laureola indica Kwon, Ferrara & Taiti, 1992
BIBL. – KWON et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – India: Travancore.
Laureola longispina (Barnard, 1956)
SYN. – Akermania l.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1956 (figs.), 1960a, 1960b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zimbabwe: Mount Selinda.
Laureola miacantha (Barnard, 1960)
SYN. – Akermania m.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1960a, 1960b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Laureola paucispinosa (Barnard, 1949)
SYN. – Akermania p.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1949 (figs.), 1956, 1960a, 1960b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zimbabwe: Vumba.
Laureola rubicunda Barnard, 1960
DISTR. – South Africa: “Magoebaskloof”.
Laureola silvatica (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Praelaureola s.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983; KWON et alii 1992; GREEN et alii
2002.
DISTR. – Australia: northeastern New South Wales.
Laureola vietnamensis Kwon, Ferrara & Taiti, 1992
BIBL. – KWON et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Vietnam: province Ninh binh.
Laureola wilsmorei (Nicholls & Barnes, 1926) = Pseudolaureola w.
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L e o n o s c i a Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985

Leonoscia bicolorata Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Sierra Leone: Freetown.
L e p i d o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1908
Lepidoniscus carpathicus Strouhal, 1940 = L. minutus
Lepidoniscus ericarum Verhoeff, 1908 = L. minutus
Lepidoniscus germanicus (Verhoeff, 1896) = L. minutus
Lepidoniscus germanicus pruinosus Carl, 1908 = L. pruinosus
Lepidoniscus minutus (C. Koch, 1838)
SYN. – L. carpathicus, ericarum, germanicus, pannonicus, Oniscus madidus, m., Philoscia
fischeri, germanica, madida
Orig. descr.: KOCH, C. 1838 (Oniscus m.).
Descr., figs.: VERHOEFF 1918a, 1928d, 1931a; STROUHAL 1940c; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMALFUSS
1990c.
Syst.: STROUHAL 1953a; GRUNER 1966a.
Ecol.: STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; BEYER 1964; KOBEL-VOSS 1983.
Distr.: GRUNER 1966a (D, general); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL);
SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); POTOČNIK 1979 (Slovenia); FLASAROVÁ 1988, 1995 (former CS);
KOFLER 1989 (A); GRÜNWALD 1990 (D); SCHMALFUSS 1990c (GR); ALLSPACH 1992 (D);
ARGANO et alii 1995 (I); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H); FARKAS 2004b (H).
Bibl.: GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Southern Germany; southern Poland; former Czechoslovakia; Austria; Hungary;
NE-Italy; former Yugoslavia; northern Greece.
Lepidoniscus pannonicus Verhoeff, 1908 = L. minutus
Lepidoniscus pruinosus (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – L. germanicus p., Philoscia p.
BIBL. – CARL 1908a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1917d, 1928d, 1931a, 1931b, 1932b, 1936b, 1938c;
STROUHAL 1951; SCHMÖLZER 1952b, 1965b, 1974b; BRIAN 1956c; GRUNER 1966a (figs.);
KOFLER 1989; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southernmost Germany; Switzerland; northern Italy; easternmost Austria.
L e p i n i s t i c u s Manicastri & Taiti, 1983

Lepinisticus vignai Manicastri & Taiti, 1983
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & TAITI 1983 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
L e p t o p h i l o s c i a Herold, 1931
Leptophiloscia baliensis Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Bali.
Leptophiloscia javana Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Java.
Leptophiloscia kiiensis Nunomura, 1986
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1986 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Mie Prefecture.
Leptophiloscia mira Herold, 1931
L e p t o t r i c h u s Budde-Lund, 1885
Leptotrichus atracheatus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978 = Niambia a.
Leptotrichus bilselii Verhoeff, 1941 = nomen dubium
Leptotrichus byrensis (printing mistake) = L. syrensis
Leptotrichus cecconii Dollfus, 1905 = L. naupliensis
Leptotrichus chobihige Nunomura, 1992 = Agabiformius lentus
Leptotrichus ciliatus (Brandt, 1833) = L. panzerii
Leptotrichus corniger Verhoeff, 1949 = L. mersinensis c.
Leptotrichus dohrnii Verhoeff, 1952 = nomen dubium
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Leptotrichus emarginatus Pearse, 1917 = Nagurus cristatus

Leptotrichus fuscatus (Iwamoto, 1943) = Agabiformius lentus
Leptotrichus fuscovariegatus (Lucas, 1849) = Soteriscus f.
Leptotrichus granulatus Richardson, 1902 = Agabiformius lentus (compare SCHMALFUSS 2000a)
Leptotrichus inquilinus Koelbel, 1894 = nomen dubium
Leptotrichus ischianus Verhoeff, 1942 = L. naupliensis
Leptotrichus isthmicus Van Name, 1926 = Trichorhina i.
Leptotrichus kosswigi Strouhal, 1960
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1960 (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; SCHMALFUSS & SCHAWALLER 1984;
SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS 2000a (figs.).
DISTR. – Coasts of the northeastern Mediterranean from southern Aegean islands to Gulf of
Iskenderun.
Leptotrichus kudakaensis Nunomura, 1987 = Agabiformius sp.
Leptotrichus lentus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Agabiformius l.
Leptotrichus leptrotrichoides (Arcangeli, 1942)
SYN. – Atlantotrichus l., Lucasius l., Mica l., Porcellio l.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1942d (figs.), 1958a; VANDEL 1954k, 1957f (figs.); DALENS 1977b (figs.);
HOESE 1984c; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
DISTR. – Canary Islands and Salvage Islands.
Leptotrichus medius Verhoeff, 1941 = L. pilosus
Leptotrichus mersinensis Verhoeff, 1941
SYN. – L. corniger, naupliensis m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a (figs.), 1949a (figs.); STROUHAL 1960; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967;
SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: regions of Mersin and Antakya.
Leptotrichus mesopotamicus Frankenberger, 1939 = L. pilosus
Leptotrichus naupliensis (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – L. cecconii, ischianus, politus, Porcellio n.
Orig. descr.: VERHOEFF 1901(figs.) (Porcellio n.).
Descr., figs.: STROUHAL 1968c; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
Syst.: STROUHAL 1960; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
Morph.: SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
Reprod.: SHEREEF 1970; EL-KIFL et alii 1971.
Pop. dyn.: KHEIRALLAH & OMRAN 1986; HORNUNG & WARBURG 1995b.
Life history: EL-KIFL et alii 1971; KHEIRALLAH & OMRAN 1986.
Ecol.: EL-KIFL et alii 1971; KHEIRALLAH & OMRAN 1986; HORNUNG & WARBURG 1995a, 1996;
WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
Distr.: CARUSO et alii 1987 (Sicily, Malta, map); SCHMALFUSS 2000a (overall, map).
Bibl.: STROUHAL 1960, 1968c; SCHMALFUSS 2000a; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Southern Italy and Sicily; Malta; Peloponnese; southern Aegean islands; southern
Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; Iraq; Israel; Egypt.
Leptotrichus naupliensis bilselii Verhoeff, 1941 = nomen dubium
Leptotrichus naupliensis mersinensis Verhoeff, 1941 = L. mersinensis
Leptotrichus panzerii (Audouin, 1826)
SYN. – Euleptotrichus p., L. ciliatus, Porcellio ciliatus, p., Trichoniscus flavescens
Orig. descr.: AUDOUIN 1826 (Porcellio p.).
Descr., figs.: VANDEL 1962b; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
Morph.: SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
Life history: KHEIRALLAH 1980b.
Nutr.: KHEIRALLAH 1973 (if identification correct).
Ecol.: VANDEL 1962b; KHEIRALLAH 1975, 1980b (if identification correct).
Distr.: KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E, Morocco); SCHULTZ 1972a
(Bermuda); CARUSO et alii 1987 (Sicily, Malta, map); SCHMALFUSS 2000a (overall, map).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
DISTR. – Countries around the Mediterranean with the exception of the Asiatic part; Azores;
Madeira; Canary Islands; Cape Verde Islands; Bermuda; introduced on Strouhal. Helena
(southern Atlantic).
Leptotrichus pilosus Dollfus, 1905
SYN. – L. medius, mesopotamicus
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1905; FRANKENBERGER 1939c; VERHOEFF 1941a; VANDEL 1955(figs.), 1965a;
STROUHAL 1960 (figs.), 1968c; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; RADU, V. G. 1973b (figs.);
SCHMALFUSS 2000a (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania: coast of Black Sea; Greece: northern Aegean island Lésvos; Turkey;
Cyprus; Lebanon; Iraq: Baghdad.
Leptotrichus pittieri Pearse, 1921 = Trichorhina p.
Leptotrichus politus Omer-Cooper, 1923 = L. naupliensis
Leptotrichus spinosus Schmalfuss, 2000
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DISTR. – Northern Greece: Aegean island Thásos.

Leptotrichus squamatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Niambia s.
Leptotrichus subterraneus Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933c; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975;
SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
DISTR. – “Jerusalem”.
REMARKS. – Doubtful species, perhaps identical with L. naupliensis.
Leptotrichus syrensis (Verhoeff, 1902)
SYN. – L. byrensis (printing mistake), Porcellio s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1902, 1908e, 1908(figs.), 1923, 1941a, 1943b; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937g,
1960 (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999, 2000a (figs.);
SFENTHOURAKIS 1994, 1996b.
DISTR. – Aegean islands and southern Asia Minor.
Leptotrichus tauricus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
DISTR. – Ukraine: Crimea.
REMARKS. – Description fits for every species of the genus. Subsequent records (all from
the Near East, see SCHMALFUSS 2000a) probably refer to L. naupliensis.
Leptotrichus testaceus (Budde-Lund, 1908) = Tura t.
Leptotrichus truncatus (Brandt, 1833) = Niambia t.
Leptotrichus vedadoensis Boone, 1918 = Porcellio lamellatus
Lereboulletia littoralis Vandel, 1945 = Buchnerillo litoralis
L e u c o c y p h o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1900
Leucocyphoniscus bertkaui (Verhoeff, 1901) = Calconiscellus b.
Leucocyphoniscus cristallinus Carl, 1906 = L. verruciger
Leucocyphoniscus dollfusi Carl, 1908 = Carloniscus d.
Leucocyphoniscus gibbosus Carl, 1908 = Calconiscellus g.
Leucocyphoniscus karawankianus (Verhoeff, 1908) = Calconiscellus k.
Leucocyphoniscus solarii Brian, 1914
BIBL. – BRIAN 1914b (figs.), 1938b; ARCANGELI 1923a; VERHOEFF 1927b; BOLDORI 1936;
DISTR. – NW-Italy: Como region.
Leucocyphoniscus torrii Arcangeli, 1946
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1946a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NW-Italy: Como region.
Leucocyphoniscus verruciger Verhoeff, 1900
SYN. – L. cristallinus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900 (figs.), 1927b; CARL 1906, 1908a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1909a;
ARCANGELI 1923a (figs.); BOLDORI 1936; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Switzerland: Monte Generoso; northern Italy: Como region.
Genus Leucodillo = Genus Synarmadillo (see TAITI et alii 1998)
L e u c o p h i l o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Leucophiloscia endogaea Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – New Guinea: Bulolo region.
L i b a n o n e t h e s Vandel, 1955
Libanonethes novus (Arcangeli, 1935)
SYN. – Spelaeonethes n., Trichoniscus n.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935e (figs.); VANDEL 1953g (figs.), 1972a, 1973d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a; TABACARU 1996a.
Libanonethes probosciferus Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955f (figs.), 1973d; SCHMALFUSS 1986d, 1999; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Kásos; Lebanon.
L i g i a Fabricius, 1798
Ligia australiensis Dana, 1853
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SYN. – Lygia a., gaudichaudi var. australiensis

BIBL. – DANA 1853; HASWELL 1882; THOMSON 1892; JACKSON 1922; GREEN 1961 (figs.), 1974;
VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
DISTR. – Coast of Australia, including Tasmania and Lord Howe Island.
Ligia baudiniana Milne Edwards, 1840
SYN. – L. gracilis, hirtitarsis, Ligyda b.
Orig. descr.: MILNE-EDWARDS 1840.
Descr., figs.: JACKSON 1922; WAHRBERG 1922a; MULAIK 1960; SCHULTZ 1972a, 1974b; ANDERSSON
1960b; LEISTIKOW 1997a.
Morph.: POWELL & HALCROW 1982.
Physiol.: KLEINHOLZ 1937; WIESER 1972b.
Nutr.: BARNES, T. 1934.
Ecol.: ABBOTT 1940.
Distr.: VAN NAME 1936, 1940; VANDEL 1952d (Venezuela), 1981 (Cuba); MULAIK 1960
(Mexico); SCHULTZ 1974b; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984; PAOLETTI 1989 (Venezuela); SCHOTTE
et alii 1991 (Florida); LEISTIKOW 1997a (Costa Rica); SOUZA-KURY 1998 (Brazil); LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
Bibl.: VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1974b; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984.
DISTR. – Atlantic and Pacific shores of America from Florida to Brazil and from California
to Ecuador, including Galapagos Islands.
Ligia belgica Ritzema Bos, 1874 = L. oceanica
Ligia boninensis Nunomura, 1979
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1979 (figs.), 1983 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
Ligia brandtii Rathke, 1837 = L. italica
Ligia callani Collinge, 1947 = L. platycephala
Ligia cayennensis C. Koch, 1847 = nomen dubium
Ligia cinerascens Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Ligyda c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1909b; JACKSON 1922; VAN NAME 1936; KUSSAKIN 1974
(figs.); NUNOMURA 1983, 1991b, 2004b, 2004c; FURATO & ITO 1999; JEPPESEN 2000; SAITO et
alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan; Kuril Islands.
REMARKS. – The record of this species from the Persian Gulf (TORELLI 1956) is a
misidentification and refers to L. pigmentata.
Ligia coriaca C. Koch, 1847 = nomen dubium
Ligia cursor Dana, 1853 = nomen dubium
Ligia curvata Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – VANDEL 1948a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Angola: Lobito.
Ligia dentipes Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; FERRARA & TAITI 1982(figs.) (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Ligia dilatata Brandt, 1833
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; KRAUSS 1843; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909a; COLLINGE 1920 (figs.); JACKSON
1922; BARNARD 1924b, 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1956b; KOOP & FIELD 1980; FERRARA &
TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
DISTR. – Namibia: Lüderitzbucht; South Africa: Cape Peninsula.
Ligia dilatata Perty, 1834 = Stymphalus d.
Ligia dilatata Stimpson, 1857 non Brandt, 1833 = L. pallasii
Ligia dioscorides Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
DISTR. – Yemen: Socotra Archipelago.
Ligia ehrenbergii Brandt, 1833 = L. italica
Ligia exotica Roux, 1828
SYN. – L. gaudichaudii, grandis, olfersii, Ligyda e., Megaligia e.
Orig. descr.: ROUX 1828.
Descr., figs.: CHILTON 1916a; VERHOEFF 1928a; BRIAN & DARTEVILLE 1949; ANDERSSON 1960b;
GREEN 1962; FLASAROVÁ 1972; RECA 1972; ROMAN 1977; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978;
HARIYAMA et alii 1986; TAITI et alii 1992.
Syst.: HOLTHUIS 1956; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978.
Phyl.: SCHMALFUSS 2003b; TAITI et alii 2003.
Morph.: HOESE 1984d; KESKINEN et alii 2002; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
Anat.: TERAO & CHENG 1926; FLASAROVÁ 1972; CASTRUCCI & MENDES 1975; JALALA et alii 1986.
Mol. biol.: TAITI et alii 2003.
Nervous system: KUMARI et alii 1987b.
Sense organs: HARIYAMA et alii 1986; HATANAKA 1989.
Cuticle, molt: NUMANOI 1934a, 1934b, 1937.
125
Physiol.: NUMANOI 1933, 1934c; CHANDY 1939; ENAMI 1941; NAGANO 1949; FINGERMAN 1956;
PARVATHY 1971; CAREFOOT 1989; TAKEDA & MIZUNO 1989; TAKEDA 1991; TSAI et alii 1997.
Reprod.: ARCANGELI 1953a; TSAI & CHEN 1997.
Behav.: FARR 1978; TAKEDA 1984; TAYLOR & CAREFOOT 1991; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
Nutr.: CAREFOOT 1989.
Ecol.: SAZIMA 1971; SCHULTZ 1977a; CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978.
Distr., bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936 (L. exotica and olfersii); JACKSON 1941; BRIAN
& DARTEVILLE 1949; HOLTHUIS 1956; GREEN 1962; SCHULTZ 1977a; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA
1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979 (L. exotica and olfersii); SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984; KWON &
TAITI 1993; KWON 1993; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; SAITO et alii 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Circumtropical.
REMARKS. – In the Indian and Pacific Ocean a number of very similar species occur,
therefore many of these references are based on doubtful identifications and may pertain
to different species.
Ligia exotica var. hirtitarsis Dollfus, 1890 = L. baudiniana
Ligia ferrarai Kersmaekers & Verstraeten, 1990
BIBL. – KERSMAEKERS & VERSTRAETEN 1990 (figs.).
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Songoritelo Barn-Hill”.
Ligia filicornis Budde-Lund, 1893
DISTR. – NW-Venezuela: Puerto Cabello.
REMARKS. – No figs. existing, taxonomic status needs clarification.
Ligia gaudichaudii Milne Edwards, 1840 = L. exotica
Ligia glabrata Brandt, 1833
SYN. – Lygia g.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; KRAUSS 1843; BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1895b; JACKSON 1922 (figs.);
BARNARD 1924b, 1932 (figs.); PANNING 1924; VERHOEFF 1928a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI
1979.
DISTR. – Namibia: Lüderitzbucht; South Africa: Cape Peninsula.
REMARKS. – COLLINGE (1920) considers this species an immature form of L. dilatata Brandt,
1833 (compare also distribution).
Ligia gracilipes Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Ligyda g.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1898b; JACKSON 1922 (figs.); PANNING 1924; VANDEL 1948e
(figs.); BRIAN & DARTEVILLE 1949 (figs.); BRIAN 1953a; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.),
1982; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS 1982b; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1983, 1985;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – West coast of Africa from Senegal to northern Angola.
Ligia gracilis Moore, 1901 = L baudiniana (compare RICHARDSON 1902a)
Ligia grandis Perty, 1834 = L. exotica
Ligia granulata Frey & Leuckart, 1847 = L. oceanica
Ligia hachijoensis Nunomura, 1999
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1999b (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Izu Islands.
REMARKS. – Possibly conspecific with L. exotica.
Ligia hawaiensis (Dana, 1853)
SYN. – Ligyda kauaiensis, Lygia h.
BIBL. – DANA 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1897b; RICHARDSON 1904; JACKSON 1922 (in
part), 1941; EDMONDSON 1931; VAN NAME 1936; TAITI & FERRARA 1991b; TAITI et alii 1992
(figs.), 2003 (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; KERSMAEKERS & VERSTRAETEN 1990; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Hawaii Islands and Fiji Islands.
REMARKS. – Concerning wrong identifications of L. hawaiensis see TAITI et alii 1992 under
L. vitiensis.
Ligia hirtitarsis (Dollfus, 1890) = L. baudiniana
Ligia italica Fabricius, 1798
SYN. – L. brandtii, ehrenbergii
Orig. descr.: FABRICIUS 1798.
Descr., figs.: SANTUCCI 1928a; VANDEL 1948e, 1960a; ARCANGELI 1942a; PAULI 1954; ERHARD
1997.
Syst.: STROUHAL 1928a; VANDEL 1960a.
Phyl.: MATTERN 2003; SCHMALFUSS 2003b; TAITI et alii 2003.
Morph.: PANNING 1924; VERHOEFF 1926a; MÖDLINGER 1931; VANDEL 1943; HOESE 1981, 1982a,
1982b, 1983, 1989; IMERONI & TAGLIASACCHI MASALA 1983; ERHARD 1996, 1997; SCHMALFUSS
2003b; TABACARU & GIURGINCA 2003b.
Anat.: STOLLER 1899; VANDEL 1943; ROCHE 1954; ŠTRUS et alii 1985, 1995; ŠTRUS 1987; STORCH
& ŠTRUS 1989; ŠTRUS & STORCH 1991; ŠTRUS & BLEJEC 2001.
Mol. biol.: MATTERN 2003; TAITI et alii 2003.
Nervous system: VANDEL 1943.
126
Sense organs: ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; HOESE 1989.

Cuticle, molt: DUDICH 1929; PATANÈ 1936a, 1951; LAGARRIGUE 1968; ŠTRUS & STORCH 1991;
ŠTRUS & COMPÈRE 1996; ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997; ŠTRUS & BLEJEC 2001.
Physiol.: SEVILLA & LAGARRIGUE 1974; DAVENPORT 1994.
Reprod.: ARCANGELI 1942a; VANDEL 1960a.
Ontog.: MATSAKIS 1955b, 1956.
Behav.: PERTTUNEN 1961; DAVENPORT 1994; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
Ecol.: MATTHES 1956, 1986; VANDEL 1960a.
Distr.: STROUHAL 1928a; VANDEL 1948e (map), 1960a (map); PAULI 1954 (Black Sea);
SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b (Aegean); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (Aegean).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; STROUHAL 1928a; VANDEL 1960a.
DISTR. – Coasts of Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic in northern Africa down to Cape
Vert, Macaronesian Islands.
Ligia kauaiensis Edmondson, 1931 = L. hawaiensis
Ligia latissima (Verhoeff, 1926)
SYN. – Euryligia l.
Ligia litigiosa Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; STROUHAL 1961b; SCHMALFUSS 2003b (figs.).
DISTR. – Coasts of Chile and Peru; Juan Fernández Islands.
REMARKS. – Perhaps conspecific with L. novizealandiae, compare STROUHAL 1961b.
Ligia malleata Pfeffer, 1889
BIBL. – PFEFFER 1889; JACKSON 1922.
DISTR. – East Africa: “Bagamoyo”.
REMARKS. – Possibly a synonym of L. exotica.
Ligia melanocephala C. Koch, 1838 = Ligidium hypnorum
Ligia miyakensis Nunomura, 1999
REMARKS. – Description does not allow separation from L. exotica.
Ligia muscorum Jackson, 1927 = L. platycephala
Ligia natalensis Collinge, 1920
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1920 (figs.); JACKSON 1922; BARNARD 1932 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: southeastern coast from Knysna to Natal.
Ligia novizealandiae (Dana, 1853)
SYN. – Lygia novaezealandiae, L. porteri, quadrata
BIBL. – DANA 1853; THOMSON 1879a; BUDDE-LUND 1885; CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a, 1911,
1924; JACKSON 1922, 1941; PANNING 1924; MACCAGNO 1931 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL
1946e, 1977a; HURLEY 1950, 1961; ANDERSSON 1960b; STROUHAL 1961b (figs.); RAMIREZ
1974; ERHARD 1996, 1997 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; GREEN et alii 2002;
SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
DISTR. – New Zealand and Kermadec Islands.
REMARKS. – Some authors consider L. litigiosa a synonym or a subspecies of L.
novizealandiae.
Ligia occidentalis (Dana, 1853)
SYN. – Lygia o.
BIBL. – DANA 1853; STUXBERG 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1899, 1904, 1905;
JACKSON 1922 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936, 1940; MILLER 1938; ABBOTT 1940; VANDEL 1943;
ARMITAGE 1960; MULAIK 1960; BRUSCA, G. 1966; WILSON, W. 1970; BOWMAN 1977 (figs.);
GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; WRIGHT
et alii 2003.
DISTR. – Coasts of California (USA and Mexico).
Ligia oceanica (Linnaeus, 1767)
SYN. – L. belgica, granulata, oniscoides, scopulorum, Ligydia o., Oniscus assimilis, o.
Orig. descr.: LINNAEUS 1767 (Oniscus o.).
Descr.: VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Figs.: CHILTON 1899; SARS 1899; HEWITT 1907; NICHOLLS 1931b; MEINERTZ 1932; UNWIN 1932;
HAFFNER 1937; VANDEL 1943, 1960a; GRUNER 1966a; EDWARDS 1969; MARVILLET 1972.
Syst.: GRUNER 1966a.
Phyl.: MATTERN 2003; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
Morph.: HEWITT 1907; JACKSON 1926a, 1928a; VANDEL 1943; ALEXANDER 1969, 1972;
SCHMALFUSS 1974, 1989(figs.), 1998a; WILLOWS 1984; HOESE 1981, 1982a, 1982b, 1984d,
1989; HOLDICH 1984; ERHARD 1995a, 1995b, 1996, 1997; SCHMIDT 2002; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
Anat.: HUET 1883; HEWITT 1907; JACKSON 1926a; NICHOLLS 1931b; HAFFNER 1937; VANDEL 1943;
SILÉN 1954a, 1954b; ROCHE 1954, 1969; ALEXANDER 1969; MARVILLET 1972; SCHMALFUSS
1974; NYLUND & TJØNNELAND 1989; ERHARD 1995a, 1997.
Mol. biol.: MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000; DREYER & WÄGELE 2002; MATTERN 2003.
Nervous system: ALEXANDER 1970.
127
Sense organs: EDWARDS 1969; ALEXANDER 1969, 1970, 1971, 1977; STUTT & LAVERACK 1979;
HOESE 1989.
Physiol.: BRUNTZ 1907a; TAIT 1916; BATEMAN 1933; BARNES, T. 1934, 1939, 1940; ELLENBY
1951; PARRY 1953; SAUDRAY 1954; SPENCER & EDNEY 1954; LEGRAND & JOHNSON 1961a,
1961b; TODD 1963; BESSE & MOCQUARD 1968; JUCHAULT et alii 1969; PICAUD 1971, 1976;
BESSE & DONADEY 1972; NEWELL et alii 1976; COENEN-STASS 1989a.
Cuticle, molt: NICHOLLS 1931a; CARLISLE 1956; GLAÇON 1968; MOCQUARD et alii 1969, 1971;
HAMILTON et alii 1976; MAISSIAT & MAISSIAT 1976; HOLDICH 1984; ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997;
GLÖTZNER & ZIEGLER 2000.
Glands: BRUNTZ 1907a; HEROLD 1913.
Respir.: HUET 1883; NICHOLLS 1931a; UNWIN 1932; EDNEY & SPENCER 1955; HOESE 1982a.
Reprod.: HUET 1883; MEINERTZ 1932; GEBELIN 1939; VANDEL 1960a; JÖNS 1965; GRUNER 1966a;
BESSE et alii 1969, 1975; PANDIAN 1972; WILLOWS 1984.
Pop. dyn.: WILLOWS 1987a, 1987b, 1987c.
Ontog.: INAGAKI 1966.
Behav.: BARNES 1932, 1934, 1935; TAIT 1925; ALEXANDER 1972; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
Life history: SUTTON et alii 1984.
Nutr.: NICHOLLS 1931b.
Symbionts: CUÉNOT 1892; MATTHES 1950, 1956, 1986.
Ecol.: NICHOLLS 1931a; BARNES 1932, 1934, 1935; VANDEL 1960a; JÖNS 1965; GRUNER 1966a;
WIESER 1967a; BENJAMIN & JAMES 1987; SUTTON & HARDING 1989.
Heavy metal: HOPKIN et alii 1985.
Distr.: VAN NAME 1936 (N-America); POLK 1959a (B); VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a; HARDING
& SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Atlantic coasts of Europe, coasts of western Baltic Sea, and some places at the
Atlantic coast of North America (introduced?).
Ligia olfersii Brandt, 1833 = L. exotica
Ligia oniscoides Brébisson, 1825 = L. oceanica
Ligia pallasii Brandt, 1833
SYN. – L. dilatata Stimpson, 1857 non Brandt, 1833, septentrionalis, stimpsoni
Descr.: JACKSON 1922.
Figs.: RICHARDSON 1905; JACKSON 1922; HATCH 1947; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992.
Syst.: RICHARDSON 1905.
Phyl.: TAITI et alii 2003.
Mol. biol.: TAITI et alii 2003.
Physiol.: WILSON, W. 1970; CAREFOOT 1987a, 1987b, 1989, 1990a, 1990b, 1990c; CAREFOOT et
alii 1991, 1992; WRIGHT et alii 2003.
Ontog.: CAREFOOT 1973b, 1984a.
Nutr.: CAREFOOT 1973a, 1984a, 1984b, 1987a, 1989, 2003; CAREFOOT et alii 1998, 2000;
PENNINGS et alii 2000; ZIMMER et alii 2001, 2002.
Behav.: MILLER 1938; ABBOTT 1940; CAREFOOT 1989; CAREFOOT et alii 1998, 2000.
Distr.: VAN NAME 1936; HATCH 1947; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; HATCH 1947.
DISTR. – Pacific coast of North America from the Aleutian Islands and Alaska to Santa Cruz
in California.
Ligia pallida Jackson, 1938
DISTR. – Polynesia: Christmas Island.
Ligia perkinsi (Dollfus, 1900)
SYN. – Geoligia p.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1900; JACKSON 1922 (figs.), 1927a (figs.), 1927b, 1941; CAREFOOT et alii
2000; TAITI et alii 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Hawaiian Islands.
Ligia philoscoides Jackson, 1938
DISTR. – Southeastern Polynesia.
Ligia pigmentata Jackson, 1922
BIBL. – JACKSON 1922 (figs.); PANNING 1924; MONOD 1933 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1991c
(figs.), 2004; FERRARA & TAITI 1998; TAITI et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Red Sea, Persian Gulf and coast of Somalia.
Ligia platycephala (Van Name, 1925)
SYN. – L. callani, muscorum, Ligyda p.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1925, 1936; JACKSON 1927b (figs.); COLLINGE 1947 (figs.); VANDEL 1952d
(figs.); SCHULTZ 1974b (figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Venezuela; Guyana; Trinidad.
Ligia porteri Maccagno, 1931 = L. novizealandiae
Ligia quadrata Thomson, 1879 = L. novizealandiae
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Ligia richardsonae Pearse, 1916 = L. simoni

Ligia rugosa Jackson, 1938
DISTR. – Southeastern Polynesia.
Ligia ryukyuensis Nunomura, 1983
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1983 (figs.), 1998 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Ligia saipanensis Nunomura, 2001
Ligia scopulorum Leach, 1814 = L. oceanica
Ligia septentrionalis Lockington, 1877 = L. pallasii
Ligia simoni (Dollfus, 1893)
SYN. – Geoligia s., Ligia richardsonae
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893a (figs.); PEARSE 1916; JACKSON 1922; VAN NAME 1925, 1936; SCHMALFUSS
1978a; HOESE 1982b (figs.); PAOLETTI 1989; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Venezuela and northern Colombia.
Ligia stimpsoni Miers, 1877 = L. pallasii
Ligia taiwanensis Lee, 1994
BIBL. – LEE 1994 (figs.); TSAI et alii 1997; TSAI & CHEN 1997.
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Ligia vitiensis (Dana, 1853)
BIBL. – DANA 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885; STEBBING 1900b; JACKSON 1922, 1935b, 1938, 1941;
VANDEL 1973b; TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998; TAITI et alii 2003.
DISTR. – Sulawesi; Singapore; New Guinea; Melanesia; Polynesia; Somalia (introduced ?).
Ligia yamanishii Nunomura, 1990
DISTR. – Japan: Tokyo Prefecture.
L i g i d i o i d e s Wahrberg, 1922
Ligidioides intermedius Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1946e, 1973c; ARCANGELI 1952e; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Queensland (Australia): Atherton.
L i g i d i u m Brandt, 1833
Ligidium acutitelson Wang & Kwon, 1993
BIBL. – WANG & KWON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Ligidium agile (Persoon, 1793) = L. hypnorum
Ligidium amethystinum Schöbl, 1861 = L. hypnorum
Ligidium anatolicum Frankenberger, 1950
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1950 (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967.
DISTR. – Turkey: “Anatolia, Mollafeneri”.
REMARKS. – Probably conspecific with L. hypnorum.
Ligidium asiaeminoris Verhoeff, 1941 = L. tauricum
Ligidium assimile Strouhal, 1971
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1971 (figs.); VANDEL 1980.
DISTR. – NE-Turkey: Ereğli.
REMARKS. – Probably conspecific with L. hypnorum.
Ligidium beieri Strouhal, 1928
SYN. – L. epirense
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1928a (figs.), 1929a, 1937g, 1954b (figs.), 1971; VERHOEFF 1930c, 1941a;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; MATSAKIS 1975 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979a (figs.), 1979b; SFENTHOURAKIS
1993b.
DISTR. – Greece: northern and central mainland.
REMARKS. – Possibly conspecific with L. hypnorum.
Ligidium birsteini Borutzky, 1950
Ligidium blueridgensis Schultz, 1964
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1964b (figs.), 1982c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – USA: Georgia and North Carolina.
Ligidium bosniense Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901b, 1918a; JACKSON 1923a; STROUHAL 1928a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN
1966b.
129
DISTR. – Bosnia.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of L. germanicum.
Ligidium bosporanum Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967.
DISTR. – Turkey: region of Istanbul.
REMARKS. – Possibly conspecific with L. germanicum.
Ligidium burmanicum Verhoeff, 1946
DISTR. – Burma.
Ligidium carpathicum Verhoeff, 1937 = L. hypnorum
Ligidium cavaticum Borutzky, 1950
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1950 (figs.), 1972a, 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Southern Russia: Krasnodar District.
Ligidium coecum Carl, 1904 = Typhloligidium c.
Ligidium couchii (Kinahan, 1858) = Halophiloscia c.
Ligidium cursorium Budde-Lund, 1885 = L. hypnorum
Ligidium cycladicum Matsakis, 1978
SYN. – L. malickyi
BIBL. – MATSAKIS 1978 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979a (figs.), 1979b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1993b (figs.),
1996b.
DISTR. – Greece: northern Cyclades Islands.
Ligidium denticulatum Shen, 1949
BIBL. – SHEN 1949; KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); NUNOMURA & XIE 2000.
Ligidium elrodii (Packard, 1873)
SYN. – Euphiloscia e., L. longicaudatum
BIBL. – PACKARD 1873; STOLLER 1902; RICHARDSON 1905; JACKSON 1923a; VAN NAME 1936,
1940; HATCHETT 1947; SCHULTZ 1970e (figs.), 1982c (figs.); JASS & KLAUSMEIER 1990;
SNIDER 1991; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Northeastern USA; Canada: Ontario.
Ligidium epirense Strouhal, 1954 = L. beieri
Ligidium euboicum Matsakis, 1975
BIBL. – MATSAKIS 1975 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979a (figs.), 1979b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b, 1993b
(figs.).
DISTR. – Greece: island Évia and Peloponnese.
Ligidium euxinum Verhoeff, 1918 = L. fragile
Ligidium floridanum Schultz & Johnson, 1984
BIBL. – SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Ligidium formosanum Wang & Kwon, 1993
BIBL. – WANG & KWON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Ligidium fragile Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – L. euxinum
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1918a; JACKSON 1923a (figs.); BORUTZKY 1950; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Western Caucasus.
Ligidium germanicum Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – L. herzegowinense
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901b, 1918a, 1926b, 1933b; JACKSON 1923a; STROUHAL 1928a (figs.),
1939e, 1939h (figs.), 1948c, 1951; DEMIANOWICZ 1934 (figs.); KESSELYÁK 1936; RADU, V. G.
1939 (figs.), 1960b (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1941b, 1959; ARCANGELI 1952a; GUEORGUIEV &
BERON 1962; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965c, 1967a; GRUNER 1966a (figs.); KARAMAN
1966b; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; DOMINIAK 1970b; SCHMÖLZER 1974b; PLJAKIĆ 1977;
PAOLETTI 1978a, 1978b; SCHMALFUSS 1979a (figs.); POTOČNIK 1981; ANDREEV 1972, 1986b,
2002; MANICASTRI et alii 1986; MATTHES 1986; KOFLER 1989; SFENTHOURAKIS 1993b; ARGANO
et alii 1995; FLASAROVÁ 1995; FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B); TOMESCU et
alii 2001, 2002a; MATTERN 2003.
DISTR. – From southeastern Germany and northern Italy to southern Poland, Moldavia and
northern Greece.
Ligidium ghigii Arcangeli, 1928
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1928, 1929a (figs.), 1934a; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937g (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; MATSAKIS 1975; SCHMALFUSS 1979a (figs.), 1979b;
SFENTHOURAKIS 1993b (figs.), 1996b.
DISTR. – Greece: eastern Aegean islands and central Aegean island Náxos.
Ligidium golemanskii Andreev, 1992 = nomen nudum
Ligidium gracile (Dana, 1854)
SYN. – L. tenue, Styloniscus g.
130
BIBL. – DANA 1854; STUXBERG 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1899, 1905; JACKSON
1923a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1932i; VAN NAME 1936, 1940; MILLER 1938; HATCH 1947 (figs.);
GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Western North America from Alaska to California.
Ligidium herzegowinense Verhoeff, 1901 = L. germanicum
Ligidium hoberlandti Frankenberger, 1950
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1950 (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; VANDEL 1980.
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Taurus Mountains.
Ligidium hypnorum (Cuvier, 1792)
SYN. – Ligia melanocephala, L. agile, amethystinum, carpathicum, cursorium,
melanocephalum, paludicola, persoonii, silvaenigrae, Oniscus agilis, h., Zia agilis,
melanocephala, saundersi
Orig. descr., figs.: CUVIER 1792 (Oniscus h.).
Descr., figs.: SARS 1898; RADU, V. G. 1939; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Phyl.: MATTERN 2003; SCHMALFUSS 2003b; TAITI et alii 2003
Morph.: LEYDIG 1878; JACKSON 1923a; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; MÖDLINGER 1931; VANDEL
1943; RISLER 1978; HOESE 1982b, 1984d, 1989; HOESE & SCHNEIDER 1990; ERHARD 1997;
SCHMALFUSS 1998a, 2003b.
Anat.: VANDEL 1925b, 1943; FLASAROVÁ 1968a; HUBER 1992; BREČKO et alii 1991; ŠTRUS et alii
1995; ERHARD 1997.
Mol. biol.: MATTERN 2003; TAITI et alii 2003.
Nervous system: VANDEL 1943.
Cuticle, molt: TOMESCU 1972a; HOLDICH 1984; ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997; GLÖTZNER & ZIEGLER
2000.
Glands: HEROLD 1913.
Physiol.: STACHURSKI 1973, 1974; TOMESCU & RADU 1971.
Reprod.: MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a; TOMESCU 1973; TOMESCU et alii
1992, 2002a.
Pop. dyn.: STACHURSKI 1968a, 1968b; ZIMMER & BRAUCKMANN 1997.
Ontog.: TOMESCU 1973.
Behav.: STACHURSKI 1968a, 1968b; SCHMALFUSS 2003b.
Symbionts: MATTHES 1950, 1956, 1986.
Ecol.: HEROLD 1937a; MEINERTZ 1944b; HOLTHUIS 1956; GULIČKA 1960; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER
1966a; STACHURSKI & ZIMKA 1968; STACHURSKI 1972; RADU & TOMESCU 1976; TOMESCU et alii
1979; HOFFMANN, B, 1980; GRÜNWALD 1988; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; ERHARD 1992;
RIPPLINGER & ALBERTI 1993; SCHEU & POSER 1996; JUDAS & HAUSER 1998; ZIMMER et alii
1999, 2000; TOMESCU et alii 1995, 2001, 2002a, 2002b; DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997;
TUF 2003.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); VANDEL 1939b ((Figs.), map), 1948(figs.)
((Figs.)), 1960a; HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); POLK 1957 (B, map), 1959a (B); FRANKENBERGER
1959 (former CS); RADU, V. G. 1960b (RO, map); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); GRUNER
1966a; KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A);
HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); SCHMALFUSS 1986b (Iran); SUTTON & HARDING
1989 (Europe, map); ARGANO et alii 1995 (I); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); WOUTERS et
alii 2000 (B); TOMESCU et alii 2001, 2002 (RO).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Europe and western Asia.
Ligidium inerme Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Ligidium intermedium Radu, 1950
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1950a (figs.), 1960b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KONTSCHÁN 2002.
DISTR. – Northern Romania; NE-Hungary.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of L. germanicum.
Ligidium iyoense Nunomura, 1983
DISTR. – Japan: Ehime Prefecture.
Ligidium japonicum Verhoeff, 1918
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.), 1946; JACKSON 1923a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927b, 1952e;
BORUTZKY 1950; SAITO 1965, 1969, 1986, 1994; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.); KATO
1976; TSUKAMOTO 1977; NUNOMURA 1980, 1981, 1983, 1998, 2000b, 2004b, 2004c; TAKEDA
1984; ANDO 1996; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Ligidium jiushai Tang & Zhou, 1999
BIBL. – TANG & ZHOU 1999 (figs.).
DISTR. – China: Sichuan Province.
Ligidium kiyosumiense Nunomura, 1983
131
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1983 (figs.), 2004b; SAITO et alii 2000.

DISTR. – Japan: Chiba Prefecture.
Ligidium kofoidi Maloney, 1930
BIBL. – MALONEY 1930; VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Ligidium koreanum Flasarová, 1972
BIBL. – FLASAROVÁ 1972 (figs.); NUNOMURA 1983, 2003d; KWON 1993, 1995; ANDO 1996; SAITO
et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Kyushu and Tsushima Islands; Korea.
Ligidium lapetum Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1942 (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999; WRIGHT et alii 2003.
Ligidium latum Jackson, 1923
BIBL. – JACKSON 1923a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936, 1940; GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; GARTHWAITE &
LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Ligidium longicaudatum Stoller, 1902 = L. elrodii
Ligidium longisetosum Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967
BIBL. – VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Turkey: Sea of Marmara.
Ligidium malickyi Schmalfuss, 1979 = L. cycladicum
Ligidium margaritae Borutzky, 1955
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1955a (figs.), 1972b.
DISTR. – Kazakhstan: Alma Ata region.
Ligidium melanocephalum (C. Koch, 1838) = L. hypnorum
Ligidium mimense Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Ligidium mucronatum Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1942 (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – USA: Louisiana.
Ligidium mylonasi Sfenthourakis, 1992
BIBL. – SFENTHOURAKIS 1992a (figs.), 1993b (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Greece: Mount Áthos.
Ligidium nodulosum Verhoeff, 1918
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.); JACKSON 1923a; BORUTZKY 1950; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VERHOEFF
& STROUHAL 1967.
DISTR. – Georgia (Caucasus): Gagra.
Ligidium paludicola (C. Koch, 1841) = L. hypnorum
Ligidium paulum Nunomura, 1976
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1976 (figs.), 1983 (figs.); TSUKAMOTO 1977; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Ligidium persoonii Brandt, 1833 = L. hypnorum
Ligidium riparum Verhoeff, 1943
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943b (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967.
DISTR. – Eastern Turkey: south of Elaziğ.
Ligidium ryukyuense Nunomura, 1983
DISTR. – Japan.
Ligidium shadini Borutzky, 1948
Ligidium silvaenigrae Verhoeff, 1937 = L. hypnorum
Ligidium speciosum Kortshagin, 1888 = nomen dubium
Ligidium tauricum Verhoeff, 1930
SYN. – L. asiaeminoris, uludaghum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.), 1941a (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; STROUHAL 1971.
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: Mount Ulu Dağ south of Bursa; Ukraine: Crimea.
Ligidium tenue Budde-Lund, 1885 = L. gracile
Ligidium turcicorum Verhoeff, 1949
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1949a (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967.
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: coast of Sea of Marmara.
Ligidium uludaghum Verhoeff, 1941 = L. tauricum
Ligidium werneri Strouhal, 1937
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937g (figs.) ; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979a, 1979b, 1999;
SFENTHOURAKIS 1992a (figs.), 1993b.
DISTR. – Greece: NE-Aegean, island Lésvos.
Ligidium zaitzevi Borutzky, 1950
132
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1950 (figs.), 1972a, 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.

Ligidium zernovi Borutzky, 1948
Genus Ligyda = Genus Ligia
L i t t o r o p h i l o s c i a Hatch, 1947
Littorophiloscia albicincta (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Bilawrencia a., isabellae
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980a, 1986b (figs.).
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago.
Littorophiloscia aldabrana Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985e (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.); KWON & TAITI 1993.
DISTR. – Aldabra Island; Hong Kong.
Littorophiloscia alticola (Vandel, 1977)
SYN. – Helenoscia a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1977c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a, 1986b (figs.).
DISTR. – South Atlantic: Strouhal. Helena.
Littorophiloscia amphindica Taiti & Ferrara, 1986
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.); KWON & JEON 1993 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Tanzania; Comoro Islands; Taiwan; Indonesia: Kuta Bali.
Littorophiloscia bifasciata Taiti & Ferrara, 1986
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.); RIVERA et alii 2002.
Littorophiloscia compar (Budde-Lund, 1893) = Calycuoniscus c. (most records of this species
refer to L. tropicalis)
Littorophiloscia compar culebrae (Moore, 1901) = L. culebrae
Littorophiloscia culebrae (Moore, 1901)
SYN. – Alloniscus c, Chaetophiloscia dartevellei, Halophiloscia c., L. compar c., Philoscia
c., dartevellei, miamiensis, Vandeloscia c., orientalis
BIBL. – MOORE, H. 1901; RICHARDSON 1905; VAN NAME 1936; BRIAN 1953a; LEMOS DE CASTRO
1958b, 1965 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1960a; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1964 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1966,
1983 (figs.); ROMAN 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.), 2004;
SCHOTTE et alii 1991; RODRIGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993c (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996;
LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; TAITI 1999; RIVERA et alii 2002.
Littorophiloscia denticulata (Ferrara & Taiti, 1982)
SYN. – Bilawrencia d.
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982f (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986b; LEISTIKOW 2000b (figs.).
DISTR. – Andaman Islands; Guatemala.
Littorophiloscia formosana Kwon & Jeon, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & JEON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Littorophiloscia hawaiiensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1986
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; RIVERA et alii 2002.
Littorophiloscia hayashi Nunomura, 1986 = L. nipponensis
Littorophiloscia hyugaensis Nunomura, 1986 = L. nipponensis
Littorophiloscia koreana Taiti & Ferrara, 1986 = L. nipponensis
Littorophiloscia lineata Kwon & Jeon, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & JEON 1993 (figs.); KWON 1995.
DISTR. – Korea.
Littorophiloscia longicauda Nunomura, 1986 = L. nipponensis
Littorophiloscia nipponensis Nunomura, 1986
SYN. – L. hayashi, hyugaensis, koreana, longicauda
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1986, 1998, 1999a, 2003d, 2004a, 2004b, 2004c; TAITI & FERRARA 1986b
(figs.); KWON et alii 1993 (figs.); KWON 1993, 1995; SAITO et alii 2000.
Littorophiloscia nomae (Van Name, 1924) = Nesophiloscia culebroides
Littorophiloscia occidentalis (Ferrara & Taiti, 1983)
SYN. – Bilawrencia o.
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.), 1986b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1983b (figs.).
Littorophiloscia pallida Taiti & Ferrara, 1986
133
Littorophiloscia richardsonae (Holmes & Gay, 1909)
SYN. – Halophiloscia r., Philoscia r.
BIBL. – HOLMES & GAY 1909; STAFFORD 1912, 1913; VAN NAME 1936, 1940; MILLER 1938;
HATCH 1947; MULAIK 1960; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1965; BOWMAN 1977; GARTHWAITE et alii 1985;
TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.); GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992.
DISTR. – Western coast of North America from Vancouver Island (Canada) to Baja
California (Mexico).
Littorophiloscia riedli (Strouhal, 1966)
SYN. – Halophiloscia r., Stenophiloscia r.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1966b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1998b.
DISTR. – Coast of the Red Sea.
Littorophiloscia strouhali Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1991c (figs.).
DISTR. – Coasts of Red Sea and Persian Gulf.
Littorophiloscia tominensis Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992
Littorophiloscia tropicalis Taiti & Ferrara, 1986
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1983 (figs.), 1984b (sub Vandeloscia riedli non Strouhal); TAITI & FERRARA
1986b (figs.), 1991a; 2004; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1987; FERRARA & TAITI 1998; SOUZA-KURY
REMARKS. – This species has been wrongly identified as L. compar and as “Vandeloscia
riedli”, compare TAITI & FERRARA 1986b.
Littorophiloscia visayanensis Kim & Kwon, 2002
BIBL. – KIM & KWON 2002a (figs.).
DISTR. – Philippines: Visayan Islands.
Littorophiloscia vittata (Say, 1818)
SYN. – Philoscia robusta, v., Sayoscia v.
BIBL. – SAY 1818; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ
1963a, 1965c, 1974a, 1975, 1977a, 1982c, 1983a (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1965; VANDEL
1981; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1986b (figs.); JASS & KLAUSMEIER
1990; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; ZIMMER et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Atlantic coast of North America from Nova Scotia (Canada) to Florida (USA).
Littorophiloscia wangi Kwon & Jeon, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & JEON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
L o b e t h e l u m Ferrara & Taiti, 1989

Lobethelum congolense Ferrara & Taiti, 1989
DISTR. – Congo.
L o b o d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Lobodillo aerarius (Barnard, 1937)
SYN. – Diploexochus a.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1937 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c (p. 142); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia: Namaqualand; South Africa: Cape Province.
Lobodillo atrogrisescens (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Spherillo a.
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c (p. 142); GREEN et alii 2002.
Lobodillo badius Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Indonesia: Bali.
Lobodillo flavus Herold, 1931
Lobodillo hebridarum Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Melanesillo h., Sphaerillo h.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.), 1938e; HEROLD 1931a; JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1973b (figs.);
DALENS 1988.
DISTR. – Western New Guinea; New Hebrides; Samoa; Tonga Islands; Banks Island.
Lobodillo hunti Vandel, 1973
134

Lobodillo jacksoni Dalens, 1988 = Myrmecodillo j.
Lobodillo lentus (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Spherillo l.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); VANDEL 1973b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – New Guinea.
Lobodillo parvipannosus Herold, 1931
Lobodillo renschii Herold, 1931
Lobodillo salomonis Vandel, 1973
L o b o s c i a Schmidt, 1998
Loboscia shaji Schmidt, 1998
BIBL. – SCHMIDT 1998 (figs.).
DISTR. – Malaysia: Sarawak.
L u c a s i o i d e s Kwon, 1993
Lucasioides boninshimensis (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus b.
Lucasioides cavernicolus Kwon & Taiti, 1993
Lucasioides daliensis Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Lucasioides gigliotosi (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Lucasius g., Nagurus g., Porcellio g., Protracheoniscus g.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; NUNOMURA 1987; KWON 1993 (figs.); KWON & TAITI
1993; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – China: Yunnan; Korea; Japan.
Lucasioides hachijoensis (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus h.
Lucasioides isseli (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Porcellio i., Protracheoniscus i.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; JEON & KWON 1993 (figs.); KWON & TAITI 1993
(figs.).
DISTR. – China: “Yolushan”.
Lucasioides kobarii (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus k.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987 (figs.), 1999a , 2004b; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Lucasioides longicaudatus Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Lucasioides minakatai Nunomura, 2003
Lucasioides minatoi (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus m.
DISTR. – Japan: Nagasaki Prefecture.
Lucasioides nakadoriensis (Nunomura, 1991)
SYN. – Nagurus n.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1991a (figs.); 1999a; SAITO et alii 2000.
135
Lucasioides nebulosus Nunomura, 2000

DISTR. – Japan: Tokyo.
Lucasioides nichinanensis Nunomura, 2003
DISTR. – Japan: Miyazaki Prefecture.
Lucasioides nishimurai (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus n.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987 (figs.), 1999a, 2004a; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Lucasioides pedimaculatus Kwon & Taiti, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.).
Lucasioides sakimori (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus s.
Lucasioides sinuosus (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus s.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987 (figs.); KWON 1995 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Korea: Cheju Island; Japan: Kochi Prefecture.
Lucasioides taitii Kwon, 1993
BIBL. – KWON 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Korea.
Lucasioides tokyoensis Nunomura, 2000b
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2000b (figs.), 2004b.
DISTR. – Japan.
Lucasioides xiaoi Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Lucasioides zavattarii (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Porcellio z., Protracheoniscus z.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – Hong Kong.
L u c a s i u s Kinahan, 1859
Lucasius albicornis (Dollfus, 1896) = Porcellio a.
Lucasius delvecchioi (Arcangeli, 1927) = Agnara d.
Lucasius galleranii (Arcangeli, 1927) = Nagurus g.
Lucasius gigliotosi (Arcangeli, 1927) = Lucasioides d.
Lucasius hirtus (Aubert & Dollfus, 1890) = Agabiformius lentus
Lucasius leptotrichoides (Arcangeli, 1942) = Leptotrichus l.
Lucasius myrmecophilus Kinahan, 1859
BIBL. – KINAHAN 1859 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1892b, 1896b; VANDEL 1958e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Northern Morocco and Algeria; southern Spain.
Lucasius normani Dollfus, 1899 = Porcellio n.
Lucasius occhialinii Arcangeli, 1924 = L. pallidus
Lucasius orientalis Dollfus, 1905 = Agabiformius o.
Lucasius pallidus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – L. occhialinii, Porcellio p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1924d (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (figs.); CRUZ 1990 (figs.),
1991a; CARUSO & MAIO 1996; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Spain; southern France; Sardinia. The species has been frequently mixed
up with Mica tardus (see CARUSO & MAIO 1996), so the records from northern Africa need
confirmation.
Lucasius racovitzai (Arcangeli, 1927) = Koreoniscus r.
Lucasius scitus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Porcellio s.
Lucasius tardus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Mica t.
Lucasius zavattarii (Arcangeli, 1927) = Lucasioides z.
Genus Lygia = Genus Ligia
Lyprobius cristatus (Dollfus, 1889) = Nagurus c.

Lyprobius lentus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Agabiformius l.
Lyprobius modestus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Agabiformius m.
Lyprobius mus Budde-Lund, 1898 = Uramba m.
Lyprobius pusillus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Agabiformius p.
136
M a c e d o n e t h e s Buturović, 1955
Macedonethes skopjensis Buturović, 1955
SYN. – Alpioniscus s.
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1955a (figs.); KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Macedonia: near Skopje.
Macedonethes stankoi I. Karaman, 2003
BIBL. – KARAMAN, I. 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Macedonia: Jakupica Mountain.
Genus Macedoniscus = Genus Alpioniscus
M a c r o t e l s o n i a Arcangeli, 1939
Crinocheta: family Tendosphaeridae
Macrotelsonia strouhali (Frankenberger, 1938)
SYN. – Ctenodillidium s., Echinarmadillidium strouhali Frankenberger
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1938b (figs.), 1940a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1939(figs.); FRANKENBERGER &
STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL 1940d; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Montenegro.
M a d o n i s c u s Paulian de Félice, 1950

Synocheta: family ?Styloniscidae
Madoniscus termitis Paulian de Félice, 1950
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1950 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Tampolo Forest”.
M a d r a s d i l l o Arcangeli, 1957
Madrasdillo elevatus (Verhoeff, 1936)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936g (figs.); CHANDY 1939; ARCANGELI 1957d; TAITI et alii 1998.
DISTR. – SE-India: Madras.
M a g h r e b o n i s c u s Vandel, 1959
Maghreboniscus minimus Caruso & Lombardo, 1983
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1983 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Algeria: near Bou Saada.
Maghreboniscus palmetensis Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959a (figs.); CARUSO 1973c.
DISTR. – SW-Morocco: Djebel Bani.
Maghreboniscus trapezoidalis Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959a (figs.); CARUSO 1973c.
DISTR. – SW-Morocco.
M a h e h i a Budde-Lund, 1913
Mahehia bicornis Budde-Lund, 1913
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983b (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
Mahehia laticauda Budde-Lund, 1913
Mahehia maculata Budde-Lund, 1913
Genus Mamusa = Genus Halophiloscia
M a l a c c a d i l l o Arcangeli, 1957
Malaccadillo jacobsoni (Arcangeli, 1957)
SYN. – Armadillo j.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1957d (figs.); TAITI et alii 1998.
137
DISTR. – Malaysia: “Penisola di Malacca, Malakka Kedah”.
Genus Marinoniscus = Genus Olibrinus
M a r i o n i s c u s Barnard, 1932
Marioniscus franciscoloi Brian, 1951 = Finaloniscus f.
Marioniscus spatulifrons Barnard, 1932
SYN. – Alloniscus s.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); COLLINGE 1945a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Hout Bay, Dyers Island.
Massaiscia obstii Verhoeff, 1942 = Aphiloscia maculicornis
M a t a z o n e l l u s Juarrero de Varona & Armas, 1996

Matazonellus eglisi Juarrero de Varona & Armas, 1996
BIBL. – JUARRERO DE VARONA & ARMAS 1996 (figs.).
Matazonellus turquinensis Juarrero de Varona & Armas, 1996
BIBL. – JUARRERO DE VARONA & ARMAS 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Cuba: province Santiago de Cuba.
M a u r i t a n i s c u s Vandel, 1958
Mauritaniscus littorinus (Miller, 1936) = Niambia capensis
Mauritaniscus pierrei (Vandel, 1950)
SYN. – Protracheoniscus p.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1950g (figs.), 1958a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1952c.
DISTR. – Central western Algeria: Beni-Abbès.
Megaligia exotica (Roux, 1828) = Ligia e.

Megaligia hawaiensis (Dana, 1853) = Ligia h.
Megatrichoniscus feneriensis (Parona, 1880) = Alpioniscus f.
Melanesillo bocki Verhoeff, 1938 = Spherillo b.

Melanesillo hebridarum (Verhoeff, 1926) = Lobodillo h.
Melanesillo scamnorum Verhoeff, 1938 = Spherillo vitiensis
M e r u l a n a Budde-Lund, 1913
Merulana bicarinata (Budde-Lund, 1913)
SYN. – Spherillo b., mactus
GREEN et alii 2002.
Merulana boydensis Lewis, 1998
DISTR. – New South Wales (Australia): Boyd Plateau.
Merulana canaliculata (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Cubaris c., Spherillo c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1913a; CHILTON 1910b; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – New Zealand: Chatham Islands.
Merulana chathamensis (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Cubaris c., Spherillo c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1913a; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – New Zealand: Chatham Islands.
Merulana exilis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo e., Spherillo e.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; JACKSON 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
Merulana helmsiana (Chilton, 1916)
SYN. – Cubaris h.
138
BIBL. – CHILTON 1916b (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.

DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales; Victoria.
Merulana hispida Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – New South Wales (Australia): Boyd Plateau.
Merulana impressifrons Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1913a; WAHRBERG 1922a; VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et
alii 2002.
DISTR. – New South Wales (Australia): Sydney.
Merulana iniqua Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.), 1913a; WAHRBERG 1922a; VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000;
GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Queensland (Australia): Cape York.
Merulana lutea (Budde-Lund, 1908) = Pyrgoniscus l.
Merulana noduligera Verhoeff, 1926
Merulana petiti (Monod, 1935) = Pyrgoniscus p.
Merulana rugosa (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo r., Spherillo r.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.), 1913a; WAHRBERG 1922a; VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN
2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Queensland (Australia): Cape York.
Merulana translucida (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo t., Spherillo t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1926a; JACKSON 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
M e r u l a n e l l a Verhoeff, 1926
Merulanella bicolorata (Budde-Lund, 1894)
SYN. – Armadillo b., Spherillo b.
DISTR. – Burma.
Merulanella carinata Verhoeff, 1926
Merulanella dollfusi (Stebbing, 1900)
SYN. – Cubaris d.
BIBL. – STEBBING 1900b (figs.); VERHOEFF 1926a; JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – Loyalty Islands E New Caledonia.
Merulanella gibbera Herold, 1931
Merulanella latissima Herold, 1931
Merulanella peltata (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Spherillo p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1908, 1913b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
Merulanella wahrbergi Verhoeff, 1926
M e s a r m a d i l l o Dollfus, 1892
Mesarmadillo albescens Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Nigeria: “Olokemeji”.
Mesarmadillo albicornis (Budde-Lund, 1899)
SYN. – Eubelum a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); VAN NAME 1920; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.);
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Cameroon: “N’dian”; Equatorial Guinea: island Bioko (= Fernando Poo).
139
Mesarmadillo alluaudi Dollfus, 1892 = Periscyphops a.

Mesarmadillo americanus Dollfus, 1896 = Ethelum a.
Mesarmadillo arambourgi Paulian de Félice, 1945
DISTR. – Kenya: Mount Elgon and “Timboroa”.
Mesarmadillo buddelundi Richardson, 1909
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1909a, 1922a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Mesarmadillo chappuisi Paulian de Félice, 1945
Mesarmadillo elegans Dollfus, 1898 = Saidjahus e.
Mesarmadillo eubeloides Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Togo; western Nigeria.
Mesarmadillo flavescens Richardson, 1909
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1909a, 1922a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Former British East Africa: “Loroghi Mts.”.
Mesarmadillo flavimarginatus Richardson, 1907
DISTR. – Liberia: Monrovia.
Mesarmadillo ghanensis Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Ghana.
Mesarmadillo giganteus Paulian de Félice, 1945
DISTR. – Kenya: “Kijabe Forest”.
Mesarmadillo gracilipennis Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire.
Mesarmadillo guttatus Dollfus, 1898 = Saidjahus g.
Mesarmadillo hastatus Richardson, 1907
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907a; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Mesarmadillo heterodoxus Dollfus, 1895 = Suarezia h.
Mesarmadillo kivuensis Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.); FERRARA &
PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Zaire.
Mesarmadillo marginatus Dollfus, 1892
SYN. – Eubelum m.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1899; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA &
TAITI 1979.
Mesarmadillo modestus Dollfus, 1896 = Ethelum m.
Mesarmadillo montanus (Verhoeff, 1942)
SYN. – Parethelum m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976, 1985 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI
1979.
Mesarmadillo orientalis Dollfus, 1898 = Saidjahus o.
Mesarmadillo pfaui Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Ghana.
Mesarmadillo quadricoloratus Richardson, 1907
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907a (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941b; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976;
DISTR. – Liberia; Ivory Coast.
Mesarmadillo quadrimaculatus Budde-Lund, 1899
SYN. – Eubelum q., Parethelum insulanum
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1942b; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1983,
1985; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Mesarmadillo reflexus Dollfus, 1896 = Ethelum r.
Mesarmadillo senegalensis Dollfus, 1898 = Microcercus s.
Mesarmadillo similis Richardson, 1907
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907a (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940c; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976;
DISTR. – Liberia; Ivory Coast.
140
Mesarmadillo tuberculatus Dollfus, 1892

BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976;
Mesarmadillo variegatus Richardson, 1907
M e s o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Mesodillo eremitus Verhoeff, 1926
M e s o n i s c u s Carl, 1906
Microcheta: family Mesoniscidae
REMARKS. – Species names other than alpicola and graniger see under synonyms of these
two species.
Mesoniscus alpicola (Heller, 1858)
SYN. – M. calcivagus, cavicolus, subterraneus, Schioedtia a., Titanethes a.
Orig. descr.: HELLER 1858 (Titanethes a.).
Descr., figs.: CARL 1906; BRIAN 1938b; VERHOEFF 1914b; RADU, V. G. 1950b; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: GRUNER & TABACARU 1963; GRUNER 1966a.
Phyl.: ERHARD 1995a, 1996, 1997, 1998b.
Morph., anat.: PESTA 1925; ARCANGELI 1939d; CHAPPUIS 1944; STROUHAL 1947d; RADU, V. V.
1949; SCHMÖLZER 1951a; VANDEL 1957g; GRUNER & TABACARU 1963; RADU, V. G. 1977a;
ERHARD 1995a, 1996, 1997.
Sense organs: LATTIN 1939b.
Respir.: MÖDLINGER 1931.
Ecol.: SCHMÖLZER 1952b; STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; GRUNER 1966a.
Distr.: STROUHAL 1947d (A, map), 1951; SCHMÖLZER 1952b, 1974b (A); STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954
(A); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); GRUNER & TABACARU 1963 (map); GRUNER 1966a
(D).
Bibl.: GRUNER & TABACARU 1963; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Calcareous parts of the Alps in SE-Germany, Austria and NE-Italy.
Mesoniscus graniger (Frivaldsky, 1865)
SYN. – M. alpicola g., alpicola meridionalis, alpicola vulgaris, histrianorum, prenjanus,
triangulifer, Nematoniscus illyricus, prenjanus, triangulifer, Schioedtia g., Titanethes g.,
Trichoniscus prenjanus
BIBL. – FRIVALDSKY 1865; MEHELY 1932; VERHOEFF 1930c, 1933a; ARCANGELI 1939d; CHAPPUIS
1944; STROUHAL 1947d; RADU, V. G. 1950b, 1977a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1959; GRUNER &
TABACARU 1963 (figs.); KARAMAN 1966b; PLJAKIĆ 1970b, 1973, 1975, 1977; POTOČNIK 1979,
1980; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; RUŞDEA 1982, 1984 (figs.); FLASAROVÁ 1994; ERHARD 1996
(figs.); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; GIURGINCA 2001a, 2001b; TABACARU & GIURGINCA 2001
(figs.), 2003 (figs.); MLEJNEK & DUCHAC 2001.
DISTR. – Slovenia; Serbia; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Slovakia; Romania.
Mesoporcellio laevis (Latreille, 1804) = Porcellio l.
M e t a p e r i s c y p h o p s Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976

Metaperiscyphops insulanus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
M e t a p r o s e k i a Leistikow, 2000
Metaprosekia nodilinearis Leistikow, 2000
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 2000c (figs.).
DISTR. – Venezuela: eastern slope of the Andes.
M e t a s t e n o n i s c u s Taiti & Ferrara, 1982

Crinocheta: family Stenoniscidae
Metastenoniscus neotropicalis Paoletti & Stinner, 1989
BIBL. – PAOLETTI & STINNER 1989 (figs.); PAOLETTI 1989.
DISTR. – Venezuela: Falcon state, Parque Morrocoy.
141
Metastenoniscus osellai Taiti & Ferrara, 1982

BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1982c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1982f (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: island Bali; ?Andaman Islands.
M e t a t r i c h o n i s c o i d e s Vandel, 1942
Metatrichoniscoides celticus Oliver & Trew, 1981
BIBL. – OLIVER & TREW 1981 (figs.); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Great Britain: Wales, Glamorganshire.
Metatrichoniscoides fouresi Vandel, 1950
BIBL. – VANDEL 1950f (figs.), 1952a, 1957e, 1957h, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; DALENS
1967.
Metatrichoniscoides leydigii (Weber, 1880)
SYN. – M. palmeni, Trichoniscoides l., Trichoniscus l.
BIBL. – WEBER 1880 (figs.); PALMÉN 1947 (figs.); VANDEL 1952a, 1960a (figs.); HOLTHUIS 1956;
POLK 1959a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ALLSPACH 1989, 1992; FLASAROVÁ 1991, 1995; WOUTERS et
alii 2000.
DISTR. – Western France; Belgium; the Netherlands; western Germany; in Czechia, Sweden
and Finland found in greenhouses.
Metatrichoniscoides nemausiensis Vandel, 1942
BIBL. – VANDEL 1942a (figs.), 1943, 1946d, 1947b, 1952a, 1957e, 1960a (p. 309, figs.);
VANDEL et alii 1946; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Metatrichoniscoides palmeni Vandel, 1952 = M. leydigii
Metoponorthus abanteorum Vandel, 1967 = Porcellionides myrmecophilus
Metoponorthus almanus Verhoeff, 1949 = Porcellionides cilicius
Metoponorthus amoenus (C. Koch, 1841) = Protracheoniscus politus
Metoponorthus anatolicus Verhoeff, 1941 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Metoponorthus antalyensis Verhoeff, 1941 = Porcellionides a.
Metoponorthus approximatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides a.
Metoponorthus apulicus (Arcangeli, 1932) = Porcellionides a.
Metoponorthus argentinus Dollfus, 1894 = Balloniscus sellowii
Metoponorthus asifensis Verhoeff, 1938 = Porcellionides a.
Metoponorthus aternanus Verhoeff, 1931 = Porcellionides a.
Metoponorthus attarum Verhoeff, 1941 = Porcellionides a.
Metoponorthus barroisi Dollfus, 1889 = Acaeroplastes melanurus
Metoponorthus benaci L. Koch, 1901 = nomen dubium
Metoponorthus bermudezi (Boone, 1934) = Porcellionides b.
Metoponorthus brunneus (Brandt, 1833) = Porcellionides b.
Metoponorthus buddelundi Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellionides b.
Metoponorthus capensis Dollfus, 1895 = Niambia c.
Metoponorthus carinatus (Collinge, 1915) = Agnara c.
Metoponorthus cattarensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellionides myrmecophilus
Metoponorthus chilensis (Dana, 1853) = Porcellionides c.
Metoponorthus cilicius Verhoeff, 1918 = Porcellionides c.
Metoponorthus cingendus (Kinahan, 1857) = Porcellionides c.
Metoponorthus clairvillii (Brandt, 1833) = nomen dubium
Metoponorthus coxalis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides c.
Metoponorthus cyprius Strouhal, 1968 = Porcellionides c.
Metoponorthus dalmatinus Verhoeff, 1901 = Orthometopon d.
Metoponorthus delattini Verhoeff, 1941 = Porcellionides d.
Metoponorthus delattini cavernarum Vandel, 1958 = Porcellionides cavernarum
Metoponorthus depressiorum Verhoeff, 1943 = Porcellionides d.
Metoponorthus dimorphus Dollfus, 1895 = Pagana d.
Metoponorthus divergens Verhoeff, 1949 = Porcellionides d.
Metoponorthus elegans Pollo Zorita, 1982 = Porcellionides e.
Metoponorthus fossuliger (Verhoeff, 1901) = Protracheoniscus f.
Metoponorthus frontosus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides f.
Metoponorthus fuegiensis (Dana, 1853) = nomen dubium
Metoponorthus fuscomarmoratus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides f.
Metoponorthus fuscovariegatus (Lucas, 1849) = Soteriscus f.
Metoponorthus glaber (C. Koch, 1856) = nomen dubium (synonym of Porcellio g.)
Metoponorthus graevei Verhoeff, 1918 = Porcellionides myrmecophilus (compare VANDEL
1969c)
Metoponorthus hidalguensis Mulaik, 1960 = Agabiformius lentus
Metoponorthus hispidus (Miers, 1877) = Porcellionides h.
Metoponorthus instinctus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Protracheoniscus i.
142
Metoponorthus istanbulensis Verhoeff, 1943, = Proporcellio i.

Metoponorthus lacteolus Budde-Lund, 1885 = nomen dubium
Metoponorthus laevigatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = nomen dubium
Metoponorthus linearis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides l.
Metoponorthus litoralis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Protracheoniscus l.
Metoponorthus madagascariensis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Agnara m.
Metoponorthus major Dollfus, 1903 = Protracheoniscus m.
Metoponorthus maracandicus Uljanin, 1875 = Protracheoniscus m.
Metoponorthus mateui (Vandel, 1954) = Soteriscus m.
Metoponorthus melanurus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Acaeroplastes m.
Metoponorthus meleagris Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Metoponorthus meridionalis Aubert & Dollfus, 1890 = Orthometopon planum
Metoponorthus mirabilis Vandel, 1946 = Proporcellio m.
Metoponorthus molleri Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellionides sexfasciatus
Metoponorthus myrmecophilus (Stein, 1859) = Porcellionides m.
Metoponorthus myrmicidarum Verhoeff, 1918 = Porcellionides m.
Metoponorthus nigricans (Brandt, 1833) = Porcellionides n.
Metoponorthus nigrobrunneus Budde-Lund, 1896 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Metoponorthus nitidus Radu, 1951 = Porcellionides myrmecophilus
Metoponorthus olivarum Verhoeff, 1928 = Porcellionides o.
Metoponorthus orientalis (Uljanin, 1875) = Protracheoniscus o.
Metoponorthus orientalis (Dollfus, 1905) = Agabiformius o.
Metoponorthus parcus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides p.
Metoponorthus parvulus Budde-Lund, 1885 = nomen dubium
Metoponorthus peregrinus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides p.
Metoponorthus philoscoides Budde-Lund, 1885 = Soteriscus fuscovariegatus
Metoponorthus pica Dollfus, 1892 = Porcellionides p.
Metoponorthus planus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Orthometopon p.
Metoponorthus politulus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides p.
Metoponorthus porphyrivagus (Verhoeff, 1918) = Caeroplastes p.
Metoponorthus pruinosus (Brandt, 1833) = Porcellionides p.
Metoponorthus pusillus (Arcangeli, 1936) = Proporcellio p.
Metoponorthus rectifrons Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides r.
Metoponorthus reticulorum Verhoeff, 1943 = Porcellionides r.
Metoponorthus rufocinctus Dollfus, 1892 = Porcellionides r.
Metoponorthus sabuleti Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellio simulator
Metoponorthus saussurei Dollfus, 1896 = Porcellionides s.
Metoponorthus schwencki Moreira, 1927 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Metoponorthus sexfasciatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides s.
Metoponorthus sikinius (Strouhal, 1937) = Porcellionides myrmecophilus
Metoponorthus simplex Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides cingendus
Metoponorthus sinensis Dollfus, 1901 = Mongoloniscus s.
Metoponorthus stricticauda Dollfus, 1893 = Soteriscus s.
Metoponorthus subterraneus Verhoeff, 1923 = Porcellionides s.
Metoponorthus swammerdamii (Audouin, 1826) = Porcellionides pruinosus
Metoponorthus tauricus Verhoeff, 1941 = Proporcellio t.
Metoponorthus tingitanus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides t.
Metoponorthus trifasciatus Dollfus, 1892, = Porcellionides t.
Metoponorthus uniformis (C. Koch, 1841) = Porcellionides pruinosus
Metoponorthus virescens Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides v.
Metoponorthus virgatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides v.
Metoponorthus viridis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Porcellionides v.
Metoponorthus wollastoni (Paulian de Félice, 1939) = Soteriscus w.
M e t r i o g a s t e r Vandel, 1973
Metriogaster jenolanensis Vandel, 1973
M e x i c o n i s c u s Schultz, 1964
Mexiconiscus laevis (Rioja, 1956)
SYN. – Cordioniscus l., M. tlamayensis, Xilitloniscus l.
BIBL. – RIOJA 1956 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1964c (figs.), 1968a (figs.), 1994;
BOWMAN 1965 (figs.); VANDEL 1968e, 1970b (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Mexico: San Luis Potosí Luis Potosí.
143
Mexiconiscus tlamayensis Schultz, 1964 = M. laevis
Mexicostylus squamatus Verhoeff, 1933 = Trichorhina mulaiki
M i c a Budde-Lund, 1908
Mica leptotrichoides (Arcangeli, 1942) = Leptotrichus l.
Mica tardus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Lucasius t., Porcellio pauper, t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; SIMON 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; CARUSO et alii 1987; CARUSO & MAIO
1996 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – SE-Spain; northern Algeria; northern Tunisia; Sicily and Egadi Islands.
M i c r o c e r c u s Budde-Lund, 1910
Microcercus abyssinicus Barnard, 1940
Microcercus acutitelson Taiti & Ferrara, 1981
DISTR. – Kenya: “Kibaoli (Kwale)”.
Microcercus anomalus (Gerstäcker, 1873)
SYN. – Anexopoditius fissus, Armadillo a., Cubaris a., Guineodillo albomarginatus, M.
fissus, Periscyphis a.
BIBL. – GERSTÄCKER 1873; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1898, 1910 (figs.); JACKSON 1928a; VERHOEFF
1942d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1974a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1981b (figs.);
DAVIS 1989.
DISTR. – Tanzania; Kenya.
Microcercus armadilloides (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – Periscyphis a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898 (figs.), 1910; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Microcercus beroni Taiti & Ferrara, 1981
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1981b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA
2000.
DISTR. – Nigeria: Plateau State.
Microcercus dartevellei Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire.
Microcercus ercolinii Ferrara, 1971 = Somaloniscus e.
Microcercus ethelumoides Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: “Moanda”.
Microcercus fissus (Verhoeff, 1942) = M. anomalus
Microcercus gorongozae Taiti & Ferrara, 1983
Microcercus incertus Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: “Kilo, Stari Mohagi”.
Microcercus lugubris Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – ?Zaire: “Djugu, Kasenyi”.
Microcercus marmoratus Taiti & Ferrara, 1981
DISTR. – Kenya: Malindi.
“Microcercus” mascarenicus Barnard, 1958
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1979) the species probably belongs to the genus
Ankaratridium.
Microcercus monodi Paulian de Félice, 1941
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Guinea: Island of Kassa.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS (1985) probably a synonym of M.
rotundatus.
Microcercus nanus (Budde-Lund, 1898)
144
SYN. – Periscyphis n.
2000.
DISTR. – ?Uganda: Ruwenzori Mountains.
Microcercus obtusicauda (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – Periscyphis o.
2000.
DISTR. – Kenya: “Ukombo near Kitui”.
Microcercus pseudanomalus Taiti & Ferrara, 1981
DISTR. – Kenya: Coast Province.
Microcercus rhodesiensis Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1987 (figs.).
DISTR. – Zambia; Malawi.
Microcercus rotundatus (Richardson, 1907)
SYN. – Ethelum r., M. villiersi
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907a (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976
(figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985.
DISTR. – Senegal; Guinea Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS (1985) also M. monodi is probably a
synonym of this species.
Microcercus rotundifrons Barnard, 1958 = Ankaratridium caecum
Microcercus russoi Arcangeli, 1932
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932k (figs.); FERRARA 1971 (figs.), 1974a; CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Microcercus scorteccii Arcangeli, 1933
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1933d (figs.); FERRARA 1971 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; TAITI &
FERRARA 1981b (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Somalia; Kenya.
Microcercus senegalensis (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898b (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (p. 846); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA
& TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Senegal.
Microcercus silvestrii Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Senegal.
Microcercus simonettai Ferrara, 1971 = Somaloniscus s.
Microcercus singularis Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: “Luali”.
Microcercus stuckenbergi Taiti & Ferrara, 1983
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1983b (figs.), 1987.
DISTR. – Mozambique; Malawi.
Microcercus taramassoi Arcangeli, 1933 = Somaloniscus t.
Microcercus villiersi Paulian de Félice, 1941 = M. rotundatus
Microcercus zavattarii Arcangeli, 1939
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1939a (figs.), 1941; FERRARA 1971; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA
1981b (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Ethiopia.
Microdillo mexicanus Verhoeff, 1933 = Venezillo m.
Microniscus monocellatus (Dollfus, 1890) = Styloniscus m.
M i c r o p h i l o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Microphiloscia trichoniscoides Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973ff(figs.), 1981.
DISTR. – Cuba.
M i c r o s p h a e r o n i s c u s Lemos de Castro, 1984

Microsphaeroniscus bicolor Lemos de Castro, 1984
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1984b (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
145
DISTR. – Brazil: São Paulo region.

Microsphaeroniscus costatus Lemos de Castro, 1984
DISTR. – Brazil: Rio de Janeiro region.
Microsphaeroniscus pallidus Lemos de Castro, 1984
DISTR. – Brazil: region of Rio de Janeiro.
Microsphaeroniscus squamatus Lemos de Castro, 1984
DISTR. – Brazil: region of Rio de Janeiro.
Microsphaeroniscus violaceus Lemos de Castro, 1984
DISTR. – Brazil: region of São Paulo.
M i c r o t i t a n e t h e s Pljakić, 1977
Microtitanethes licodrensis Pljakić, 1977
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1977 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Serbia.
M i k t o n i s c u s Kesselyák, 1930
Miktoniscus alabamensis Muchmore, 1964 = M. medcofi
Miktoniscus arcangelii Vandel, 1960
BIBL. – VANDEL 1960b (figs.), 1965e.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Miktoniscus barri Vandel, 1965
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965e (figs.); JASS & KLAUSMEIER 1990; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Eastern USA.
Miktoniscus bisetosus Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1949, 1950e (figs.), 1960b, 1965e; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b,
1971.
DISTR. – Northern Portugal; NW-Spain.
REMARKS. – Not a synonym of M. chavesi, as suggested by VANDEL 1956a (compare VANDEL
1960b).
Miktoniscus chavesi (Dollfus, 1889)
SYN. – M. madeirae, Trichoniscus c.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1889a; CARL 1908b (figs.); LEGRAND 1946 (p. 66); VANDEL 1946b, 1949,
1956a, 1960b (figs.), 1968a; ARCANGELI 1958a (figs.), 1958b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Azores; Madeira.
Miktoniscus deharvengi Dalens, 1976
BIBL. – DALENS 1976 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Spain.
Miktoniscus grayi Schultz, 1962 = M. spinosus
Miktoniscus halophilus Blake, 1931 = M. spinosus
Miktoniscus humus Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942 = M. medcofi
Miktoniscus linearis (Patience, 1908)
SYN. – Trichoniscus l.
BIBL. – PATIENCE 1908a (figs.); KESSELYÁK 1930b (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1946b, 1949, 1957e
(figs.), 1965e; GRUNER 1966a (figs.); HARDING & SUTTON 1985.
DISTR. – Only known from greenhouses in England and Germany.
Miktoniscus madeirae Arcangeli, 1958 = M. chavesi
Miktoniscus mammothensis Muchmore, 1964
BIBL. – MUCHMORE 1964 (figs.); VANDEL 1965e; SCHULTZ 1976.
DISTR. – USA: Kentucky.
Miktoniscus medcofi Van Name, 1940
SYN. – M. alabamensis, humus, ohioensis, Trichoniscus humus, veracrucensis
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1940, 1942; MULAIK & MULAIK 1942 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); VANDEL
1949, 1965e (figs.); MUCHMORE 1957, 1964; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1971; SCHULTZ 1976 (figs.),
1982c; JASS & KLAUSMEIER 1990; BOYKO 1997; ARAUJO & BUENO 1998; SOUZA-KURY 1998;
DISTR. – Southeastern USA; southeastern Brazil (introduced?).
Miktoniscus melitensis Caruso & Lombardo, 1982
Miktoniscus morganensis Schultz, 1976
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965e (sub medcofi, figs.); SCHULTZ 1976; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
146
DISTR. – USA: Alabama.

Miktoniscus ohioensis Muchmore, 1964 = M. medcofi
Miktoniscus oklahomensis Vandel, 1965 = M. racovitzai
Miktoniscus patiencei Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1949, 1950e, 1960a (p. 349, figs.), 1960b, 1965e; LEGRAND
1949; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; OLIVER & SUTTON 1982; HARDING & SUTTON 1985.
DISTR. – ?Madeira; northern France; southern Ireland; Scotland; southern England; Channel
Islands.
Miktoniscus patrizii Brian, 1950
BIBL. – BRIAN 1950 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965e; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Miktoniscus racovitzai Vandel, 1950
SYN. – M. oklahomensis
BIBL. – VANDEL 1949, 1950c (figs.), 1950e, 1965e (figs.); MUCHMORE 1964; SCHULTZ 1976,
DISTR. – Eastern USA.
Miktoniscus spinosus (Say, 1818)
SYN. – M. grayi, halophilus, Philoscia s.
BIBL. – SAY 1818; BLAKE 1931a; VANDEL 1933, 1946b, 1949, 1965e; VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ
1962, 1975, 1976 (figs.), 1977a, 1982c (map); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; SCHULTZ 2002.
DISTR. – Eastern USA from Massachusetts to Georgia.
Miktoniscus vandeli Bonnefoy, 1945
BIBL. – BONNEFOY 1945 (figs.); VANDEL 1946b, 1949, 1960a (p. 352, figs.), 1965e; SCHMÖLZER
1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – NE-Spain: Pyrenees; France: southwestern Alps.
Minca ruthveni Pearse, 1916 = Synarmadillo r.
M i n g r e l l o n i s c u s Borutzky, 1974
Mingrelloniscus inchhuricus Borutzky, 1974
DISTR. – Western Georgia (Caucasus).
Minoscellus caecus Vandel, 1958 = Graeconiscus c.
M i r t a n a Leistikow, 1997
Mirtana costaricensis Leistikow, 1997
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 1997c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Costa Rica: San Luis Potosí José.
M o n g o l o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1930
Mongoloniscus circacaudatus (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Protracheoniscus c.
DISTR. – Japan: Yamaguchi Prefecture.
Mongoloniscus hokurikuensis (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Protracheoniscus h.
DISTR. – Japan.
Mongoloniscus katakurai (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Nagurus k.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987 (figs.), 1999a, 2000b, 2004b; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Mongoloniscus koreanus Verhoeff, 1930
SYN. – M. nigromaculatus, Nagurus pallidus Nunomura, tsushimaensis, Protracheoniscus k.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930d (figs.), 1940(figs.); ARCANGELI 1934(figs.); NUNOMURA 1987, 1991a,
1999a; KWON 1993 (figs.), 1995; KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000;
SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Southern China; South Korea; Japan.
Mongoloniscus maculatus (Iwamoto, 1943)
SYN. – Nagurus m., Porcellio m.
BIBL. – IWAMOTO 1943 (figs.); SHIMOIZUMI 1956; NUNOMURA 1980, 1987, 1999a, 2000b, 2004b;
SAITO 1986, 1994, 1997; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
147
Mongoloniscus masahitoi (Nunomura, 1987)

SYN. – Protracheoniscus m.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987 (figs.), 1999a, 2000b; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Tokyo region.
Mongoloniscus nigrogranulatus Kwon & Taiti, 1993 = M. koreanus
Mongoloniscus nipponicus (Arcangeli, 1952) = M. vannamei
Mongoloniscus satsumaensis (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Protracheoniscus s.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1987 (figs.), 1999a, 2003d; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Mongoloniscus sinensis (Dollfus, 1901)
SYN. – Mongoloniscus s., Protracheoniscus s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1901 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927b (sub Porcellio asiaticus, figs.), 1952e;
STROUHAL 1929b; NUNOMURA 1987; KWON 1993.
DISTR. – China.
REMARKS. – Whether Porcellionides hispidus Miers, 1877 is conspecific with this species,
as suggested by ARCANGELI (1952e), has to be clarified by comparison of the type material.
Mongoloniscus tangoensis (Nunomura, 1987)
SYN. – Protracheoniscus t.
DISTR. – Japan: Kyoto Prefecture.
Mongoloniscus vannamei (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – M. nipponicus, Nagara v., Porcellio v., Protracheoniscus nipponicus
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e, 1963; NUNOMURA 1987, 2000b, 2004b; KWON 1993
(figs.), 1995; KWON & TAITI 1993; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – China; Korea; Japan.
M o n i t u s Lewis, 1998
Monitus testudinatus Lewis, 1998
M o n o c y p h o n i s c u s Strouhal, 1939
Monocyphoniscus babadagensis (Radu, 1965)
SYN. – Cyphoniscellus b.
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1965 (figs.), 1983; ANDREEV 1972; TABACARU 1994.
DISTR. – Romania; Bulgaria.
REMARKS. – Seems to be conspecific with M. bulgaricus.
Monocyphoniscus bulgaricus Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939h (figs.), 1940a; VANDEL 1965c; KARAMAN & KARAMAN 1966; ANDREEV
1972, 2002.
REMARKS. – Very probably Kosswigius bilselii and K. delattini are synonyms of this
species.
Monocyphoniscus caniensis (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Kosswigius c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b (figs.), 1968e; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1993a, 1996b;
SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (map).
DISTR. – Greece: Crete, island Antikíthira NW of Crete and Aegean island Ándros.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of M. bulgaricus.
Monocyphoniscus loritzi Karaman & Karaman, 1966
BIBL. – KARAMAN 1966b; KARAMAN & KARAMAN 1966 (figs.).
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of M. bulgaricus.
M o s e r i u s Strouhal, 1940
Moserius elbanus Taiti & Ferrara, 1995
DISTR. – Italy: Tuscan Archipelago, island Elba.
Moserius percoi Strouhal, 1940
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1940a (figs.), 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; BUTUROVIĆ 1958;
BRIAN 1963a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979, 1989; POTOČNIK &
NOVAK 1980; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, ?1995b (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy; Slovenia.
148
M u r g e o n i s c u s Arcangeli, 1939
Murgeoniscus anellii Arcangeli, 1939
SYN. – Sanfilippiella pilosa
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1939g (figs.), 1952h; BRIAN 1952a (figs.), 1955b, 1957a; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: region of Bari.
M u s c o n i s c u s Arcangeli, 1930
?Synocheta: family ?Trichoniscidae
Musconiscus romanorum Arcangeli, 1930
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1930c (figs.).
DISTR. – Libya: Cirenaica.
M y r m e c e t h e l u m Verhoeff, 1942
Myrmecethelum camponotorum Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1952b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Uganda.
M y r m e c o d i l l o Arcangeli, 1934
Myrmecodillo hypselos (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus h.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1949; ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990a; TAITI &
FERRARA 1983a.
Myrmecodillo jacksoni (Dalens, 1988)
SYN. – Lobodillo j.
BIBL. – DALENS 1988 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1991b.
DISTR. – Tonga Islands.
Myrmecodillo otion (Barnard, 1958)
SYN. – Armadillo o.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1958 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1983a (p. 226).
Myrmecodillo pacificus Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
DISTR. – Hawaii.
Myrmecodillo pollex (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo p., Diploexochus p.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1936b (figs.), 1958, 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1983a
(figs.).
DISTR. – Mauritius; Réunion.
Myrmecodillo pygmaeus (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Hybodillo p.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973b; TAITI & FERRARA 1991b.
DISTR. – New Britain.
Myrmecodillo tropicalis Lewis, 1998
M y r m e k i o c e l l i o Verhoeff, 1936
Myrmekiocellio squamatus Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
REMARKS. – According to the described and figured characters the single specimen seems
to be a juvenile of Porcellium recurvatum.
Myrmicellio buchnerorum Verhoeff, 1942 = Trichorhina b.
Genus Nagara = Genus Nagurus
Genus Nagaroides = Genus Nagurus (compare VANDEL 1973c: 100)

149
N a g u r u s Holthuis, 1949
Crinocheta: family Trachelipodidae
Nagurus acutitelson Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982f (figs.).
Nagurus aegaeus Schmalfuss, 1977
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1977a (figs.), 1978b, 1979b, 1983a, 1983c, 1994 (figs.), 1999;
SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: southern Aegean islands Ándros, Tínos, Síros, Ikaría, Náxos, Amorgós,
Astipálea, Kárpathos and Crete.
Nagurus alticolus (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Australoniscus a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972d, 1973a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1983a (figs.).
DISTR. – Central and eastern Nepal.
Nagurus boninshimensis Nunomura 1987= Lucasioides b.
Nagurus carinatus (Dollfus, 1905)
SYN. – N. hermonensis, Porcellio c.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1905; ARCANGELI 1927b, 1963; VANDEL 1955f (figs.), 1965a; STROUHAL 1968c
(figs.); PRETZMANN 1974; WARBURG et alii 1978; SCHMALFUSS 1986d; HORNUNG & WARBURG
1995b; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Cyprus; western Syria; Lebanon; northern Israel.
Nagurus cerrutii Vandel, 1958= Tritracheoniscus c.
Nagurus chengzicus Dai & Cai, 1998
Nagurus clavigerus Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936g (figs.); ARCANGELI 1963.
DISTR. – India: Madras.
Nagurus cristatus (Dollfus, 1889)
SYN. – Bifrontania femina, Leptotrichus emarginatus, Liprobius c., Lyprobius c., Nagara
incisa, Porcellio c.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1889c; BUDDE-LUND 1908; PEARSE 1917; WAHRBERG 1922a; VERHOEFF 1928b;
ARCANGELI 1930b; HOLTHUIS 1956; RADU, V. G. 1961 (as Bifrontania femina, figs. !!);
LEMOS DE CASTRO 1971; VANDEL 1973b, 1973c, 1973(figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979,
1982(figs.), 1983; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1983; SCHMALFUSS
1983a; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; FERRARA & ARGANO 1989; GREEN et alii 1990; TAITI &
FERRARA 1991b; ALLSPACH 1992; KWON & TAITI 1993; JEON & KWON 1995; ARAUJO &
BUCKUP 1996a; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Pantropical, in temperate climates synanthropic in greenhouses.
Nagurus cubanocolens Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Cuba.
Nagurus declivus (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Nagaroides d.
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1963; VANDEL 1973c (p. 100); GREEN et alii 2002.
Nagurus delvecchioi (Arcangeli, 1927) = Agnara d.
Nagurus emarginatus (Arcangeli, 1934)
DISTR. – Southern Pakistan: Sind.
Nagurus formosanus Verhoeff, 1928= N. nanus
Nagurus galleranii (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Lucasius g., Porcellio g.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e, 1963; VERHOEFF 1931 (p. 267).
DISTR. – Japan: region of Nagasaki.
Nagurus gigliotosi (Arcangeli, 1927) = Lucasioides g.
Nagurus gotoensis Nunomura, 1991= Agnara pannuosa
Nagurus gracillimus (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Nagaroides g.
Nagurus hachijoensis Nunomura, 1987= Lucasioides h.
Nagurus havelocki Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982f (figs.).
Nagurus hermonensis Vandel, 1955 = N. carinatus
Nagurus incisus (Verhoeff, 1928) = N. cristatus
150
Nagurus insularum (Verhoeff, 1926) = N. sundaicus

Nagurus izuharaensis Nunomura, 1991 = Agnara pannuosa
Nagurus katakurai Nunomura, 1987 = Mongoloniscus k.
Nagurus kensleyi Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985e (figs.).
DISTR. – Aldabra Island.
Nagurus kobarii Nunomura, 1987 = Lucasioides k.
Nagurus kunigamiensis Nunomura, 1992
Nagurus latitracheatus (Herold, 1931)
SYN. – Nagara l., Nagaroides l.
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1963.
Nagurus lavis Schultz, 1982
DISTR. – Borneo.
Nagurus lineatus Nunomura, 1987
Nagurus lombocensis (Herold, 1931) = N. modestus
Nagurus longiflagellatus (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Nagaroides l.
Nagurus luridus Nunomura, 1987 = Agnara l.
Nagurus maculatus (Iwamoto, 1943) = Mongoloniscus m.
Nagurus manangus Schmalfuss, 1983
DISTR. – Central Nepal.
Nagurus matekini Borutzky, 1959
Nagurus minatoi Nunomura, 1987 = Lucasioides m.
Nagurus miyakoensis Nunomura, 1987
Nagurus modestus (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Nagara lombocensis, m., Nagaroides lombocensis, Porcellio m.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; RICHARDSON 1922b; HEROLD 1931a; HILL 1948; ARCANGELI 1963; TAITI
et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: Sulawesi and Lombok.
Nagurus nakadoriensis Nunomura, 1991 = Lucasioides n.
Nagurus nanus (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Nagara formosana
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908, 1912b; VERHOEFF 1928b; VANDEL 1952d, 1973b, 1977a; ARCANGELI
1963; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1982(figs.), 1983b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1983a, 1991b;
HARDING & SUTTON 1985; FERRARA & ARGANO 1989; GREEN et alii 1990; TAITI et alii 1992;
KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); JEON & KWON 1995; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; ARAUJO & BUCKUP
1996a; DAI & CAI 1998; TAITI 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Anthropogenous distribution all over the tropics in disturbed habitats.
Nagurus nishikawai Nunomura, 1987 = Agnara n.
Nagurus nishimurai Nunomura, 1987 = Lucasioides n.
Nagurus okinawaensis Nunomura, 1992
Nagurus onisciformis Schmölzer, 1974
DISTR. – Chad.
Nagurus pallidipennis (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Porcellio p.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); DAI & CAI 1998; SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – India; Sri Lanka; China: Yunnan, Hainan; Indonesia: island Flores.
Nagurus pallidus (Arcangeli, 1934)
SYN. – Nagara p.
DISTR. – Pakistan.
Nagurus pallidus Nunomura, 1991 = Mongoloniscus koreanus
Nagurus rhodiensis (Arcangeli, 1934)
151
SYN. – Nagara r.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934a, 1963; VANDEL 1955(figs.), 1965a; STROUHAL 1968c; SCHMALFUSS
1972b, 1979b, 1994 (figs.).
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean islands Ródos, Sími (N Ródos) and Nímos (N Sími).
Nagurus sakimori Nunomura, 1987 = Lucasioides s.
Nagurus silvicola Nunomura & Xie, 2000
BIBL. – NUNOMURA& XIE 2000 (figs.).
Nagurus sinensis (Arcangeli, 1927)
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e, 1963; VERHOEFF 1930d, 1931c.
DISTR. – China: Beijing.
Nagurus sinuosus Nunomura, 1987 = Lucasioides s.
Nagurus sundaicus (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Nagara insularum, Porcellio s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; RICHARDSON 1922b; VERHOEFF 1926; JACKSON 1941; ARCANGELI 1963;
KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996.
DISTR. – China; Indonesia: Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi; Loyalty Islands; Hawaii.
REMARKS. – According to the figures given in DAI & CAI 1998 these authors have
misidentified the species.
Nagurus tahitiensis (Jackson, 1935)
SYN. – Heminagara t.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1935a (figs.), 1938 (figs.), 1941; DALENS 1988 (figs.).
DISTR. – Tonga Islands; Society Islands; Tubuai Islands; Tuamotu Islands.
Nagurus teretifrons (Herold, 1931)
SYN. – Nagara t.
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1963.
DISTR. – Indonesia: Sumatra.
Nagurus tokunoshimaensis Nunomura, 1987
Nagurus travancorius (Verhoeff, 1936)
SYN. – Nagara t.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936(figs.), 1936g; ARCANGELI 1963; FERRARA & ARGANO 1989 (figs.).
DISTR. – India: Kovolan, Travancore; Sri Lanka.
Nagurus tsushimaensis Nunomura, 1987 = Mongoloniscus koreanus
Nagurus tumidus (Wahrberg, 1922)
SYN. – Nagaroides t.
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1963; VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
Nagurus vandeli (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Nagara v., Porcellio v. Arcangeli
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e, 1963; KWON & TAITI 1993.
DISTR. – China: Shanghai.
Nagurus vannamei (Arcangeli, 1927) = Mongoloniscus v.
Nagurus verhoeffi Arcangeli, 1952
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1952e, 1963; KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); JEON & KWON 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern China: Hong Kong, Macao; Taiwan.
Nagurus ziegleri Schmalfuss, 1994
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1994 (figs.), 1999.
DISTR. – Greece: island Kastelórizo 130 km E Ródos.
N a h i a Budde-Lund, 1908
Nahia hirsuta (Budde-Lund, 1906)
SYN. – Philoscia h.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1906 (figs.), 1909a; BARNARD 1932, 1937, 1949; FERRARA & TAITI 1979,
1985d, 1986b; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a, 1982a (figs.).
Nahia louwi Taiti & Ferrara, 1982
Nahia rostrata Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Genus Naliota = Genus Chaetophiloscia

152
N a m i b o n i s c u s Schmidt, 2001
Namiboniscus brevicornis Schmidt, 2001
BIBL. – SCHMIDT 2001 (figs. !!).
DISTR. – Namibia: sea coast around 23° south.
Nasigerio rhinoceros Budde-Lund, 1885 = Trachelipus r.
N a t a l d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Nataldillo brauni Verhoeff, 1942 = N. burnupi
Nataldillo burnupi (Collinge, 1917)
SYN. – Armadillo b., Cubaris akermani, b., griseus, Diploexochus griseus, N. brauni
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1917d (figs.), 1920 (figs.), 1945; BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1937, 1949;
ARCANGELI 1934c; VERHOEFF 1942d; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & HARDING 1985.
N a t a l o n i s c u s Ferrara & Taiti, 1985

Nataloniscus lawrencei Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
N a t a l s c i a Verhoeff, 1942
Natalscia appletoni Taiti & Ferrara, 1982
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1982a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1985d.
Natalscia cingulata (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Philoscia c., Setaphora c.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1949; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985d; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a,
1982a (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern South Africa.
Natalscia denticulata Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Natalscia lobata Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Natalscia longistyla Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
DISTR. – Northeastern South Africa.
Natalscia mina (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – N. warreni, Philoscia m., warreni, Setaphora m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; COLLINGE 1917d (figs.), 1920 (figs.), 1945; BARNARD 1932, 1937,
1949; VERHOEFF 1942d; BRIAN 1953a; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a, 1982a (figs.); FERRARA &
TAITI 1985d.
Natalscia minima Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Natalscia rotundata Taiti & Ferrara, 1982
Natalscia spinosa Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Natalscia thomsoni Taiti & Ferrara, 1982
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1982a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1985d.
Natalscia warreni (Collinge, 1917) = N. mina
Genus Nematoniscus = Mesoniscus graniger (all described species of Nematoniscus are junior
synonyms of Mesoniscus graniger, see GRUNER & TABACARU 1963).
N e o d i l l o Dalens, 1990
153

Neodillo chazeani Dalens, 1993
Neodillo simplex Dalens, 1990
BIBL. – DALENS 1990 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Neophiloscia magnopunctata Strouhal, 1929 = Chaetophiloscia cellaria
N e o s a n f i l i p p i a Brian, 1957
Neosanfilippia venezuelana Brian, 1957
BIBL. – BRIAN 1957b (figs.); VANDEL 1968c (figs.); PAOLETTI 1989.
Neosanfilippia zoiai Manicastri, 1991
BIBL. – MANICASTRI 1991 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Ecuador: Esmeraldas.
Neotrichoniscus manninoi Brian, 1959 = nomen dubium, probably represents a juvenile of

Trichoniscus pusillus.
N e o t r o p o n i s c u s Arcangeli, 1936
Neotroponiscus argentinus (Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939)
SYN. – Brasilocellio nodulosus, Porcellio a.
BIBL. – GIAMBIAGI DE CALABRESE 1939 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1941d (figs.); VAN NAME 1942;
ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.); VANDEL 1963a; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1970b; SOUZA-KURY 1998;
DISTR. – Eastern South America from Pernambuco (Brazil) to La Plata (Argentina).
Neotroponiscus carolii Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936f (figs.); VAN NAME 1940; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1970b (figs.); LENKO 1971;
SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: Bahía to São Paulo.
Neotroponiscus daguerrii (Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939)
SYN. – Porcellio d.
BIBL. – GIAMBIAGI DE CALABRESE 1939 (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1970b (figs.);
RECA 1973 (figs.); ARAUJO et alii 1996 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998.
DISTR. – Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) to Buenos Aires (Argentina).
Neotroponiscus lenkoi Lemos de Castro, 1970
Neotroponiscus littoralis Lemos de Castro, 1970
Neotroponiscus lobatus Lemos de Castro, 1970
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: Espírito Santo.
Neotroponiscus perlatus Lemos de Castro, 1970
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: Espírito Santo.
Neotroponiscus plaumanni (Andersson, 1960)
SYN. – Brasilocellio p.
BIBL. – ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1970b (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: Santa Catarina; Uruguay.
Neotroponiscus vedadoensis (Boone, 1918) = Porcellio lamellatus
N e s i o t o n i s c u s Racovitza, 1908
Nesiotoniscus affinis (Argano & Manicastri, 1990)
SYN. – Spelaeonethes a.
BIBL. – ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1990 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1995a; TABACARU 1996a; ARGANO
et alii 1995.
Nesiotoniscus bernardi (Vandel, 1942)
SYN. – Estereloniscus b., N. corsicus b.
154
BIBL. – VANDEL 1942a, 1947b, 1948b, 1960a (p. 176, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU
1993a.
DISTR. – Southern France: Massif Estérel.
Nesiotoniscus bolivari Arcangeli, 1935 = Catalauniscus b.
Nesiotoniscus corniculatus (Verhoeff, 1926) = Balkanoniscus c.
Nesiotoniscus corsicus Racovitza, 1908
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1953d, 1954(figs.), 1954n, 1957e, 1960a
(figs.), 1968d; VERHOEFF 1943a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; DALENS 1977a; CARUSO 1982a; TAITI &
FERRARA 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Corsica.
Nesiotoniscus corsicus racovitzai Vandel, 1954 = N. racovitzai
Nesiotoniscus delamarei Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954f (figs.), 1954l (figs.), 1955e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1982a.
Nesiotoniscus dianae (Vandel, 1953)
SYN. – Spelaeonethes d.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953g (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a; TAITI & FERRARA 1995a;
GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain: Alicante and island Ibiza.
Nesiotoniscus ferrarai (Argano & Manicastri, 1990)
SYN. – Spelaeonethes f.
BIBL. – ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1990 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1995a; TABACARU 1996a; ARGANO
et alii 1995.
Nesiotoniscus grafittii (Argano & Manicastri, 1990)
SYN. – Spelaeonethes g.
BIBL. – ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1990 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995; TAITI & FERRARA 1995a;
TABACARU 1996a.
Nesiotoniscus harpagonifer Taiti & Ferrara, 1995
BIBL. – ARGANO et alii 1995; TAITI & FERRARA 1995a (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Italy: Tuscan Archipelago, island Capraia.
Nesiotoniscus helenae Brisolese & Caruso, 1974
BIBL. – BRISOLESE & CARUSO 1974 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO et
alii 1987.
DISTR. – Sicily.
Nesiotoniscus nodulosus Verhoeff, 1943
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943a (figs.), 1944; CARUSO 1982a; ARGANO et alii 1995; TAITI & FERRARA
1995a.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: island Capri.
Nesiotoniscus patrizii Brian, 1953
BIBL. – BRIAN 1953b (figs.); VANDEL 1954f (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO & RAMPINI 1973;
ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; CARUSO 1982a; TAITI & FERRARA 1995a.
Nesiotoniscus racovitzai Vandel, 1954
SYN. – N. corsicus r.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954f (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1995a, 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Corsica.
Nesiotoniscus sebaouensis Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1982a; ARGANO et alii 1995; TAITI &
FERRARA 1989c, 1995a, 1995b (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Algeria: Algiers; western Italy: Tuscany.
REMARKS. – According to TAITI & FERRARA (1995b: 175) the species may be identical with
N. dianae.
Nesiotoniscus valentiae Arcangeli, 1935 = Cordioniscus stebbingi
N e s o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Nesodillo annandalei (Collinge, 1914)
SYN. – Cubaris a., Triadillo a.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1914d; SCHULTZ 1982a (figs.).
DISTR. – Borneo.
Nesodillo arcangelii Verhoeff, 1928
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928b.
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Nesodillo bocki Verhoeff, 1938
SYN. – Cubaris b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938e (figs.), 1942c; JACKSON 1941.
155
DISTR. – Micronesia: Gilbert Islands, island Aranuka.

Nesodillo burmanus Verhoeff, 1946
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942c, 1946 (figs.).
DISTR. – Burma.
Nesodillo canalensis Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Cubaris c.
Nesodillo enoensis Jackson, 1930
SYN. – Triadillo e.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1930 (figs.), 1931 (figs.); VANDEL 1973b.
DISTR. – Indonesia: Aru Islands, island Neu.
Nesodillo fritschei Verhoeff, 1938
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938e (figs.), 1942c, 1946.
Nesodillo incisus Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Cubaris i.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.), 1946; JACKSON 1941.
Nesodillo jonesi Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936f (figs.), 1942c, 1946.
DISTR. – SW-India.
Nesodillo lacustris Verhoeff, 1926
Nesodillo longicornis Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Cubaris l.
Nesodillo medius Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.), 1938e.
REMARKS. – Not identical with Cubaris murina, as suggested by JACKSON (1935b), compare
VERHOEFF 1938e: 13.
Nesodillo monticola (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Triadillo m.
Nesodillo murinus (Brandt, 1833) = Cubaris m.
Nesodillo pacificus Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Cubaris p.
Nesodillo papuae Jackson, 1930 = Papuadillo p.
Nesodillo plasticus Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Cubaris p.
Nesodillo pronyensis Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Cubaris p.
Nesodillo sarasini Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Cubaris s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.), 1942c, 1946; JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – New Caledonia; Loyalty Islands.
Nesodillo schellenbergi Verhoeff, 1928
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928b (figs.), 1942c (figs.), 1946; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – NE-India: Darjeeling; Burma; Taiwan; Japan: Ryukyu Islands.
REMARKS. – The type material of this species is from Taiwan; the subspecies N. s. malaisei
Verhoeff, 1946 from northeastern India and Burma and N. s. takakuwai Verhoeff, 1942
from the Ryukyu Islands are probably separate species.
Nesodillo silvestris Jackson, 1930
SYN. – Triadillo s.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1930 (figs.), 1931 (figs.); VANDEL 1973b (figs.); TAITI et alii 1998.
Nesodillo tenasserimus Verhoeff, 1946
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942c, 1946 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Burma: Tenasserim.
156
Nesodillo verhoeffi Herold, 1931

Nesolidium buchnerorum Verhoeff, 1942 = Alloschizidium b. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1996)
N e s o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1926
Nesoniscus longicornis Verhoeff, 1926
Nesoniscus noduligerus Verhoeff, 1926
N e s o p h i l o s c i a Vandel, 1968
Nesophiloscia culebroides (Van Name, 1924)
SYN. – Littorophiloscia nomae, Philoscia c., nomae, williamsi
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1924 (figs.), 1936; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958b, 1962, 1965; VANDEL 1968c
(figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
N i a m b i a Budde-Lund, 1904
Niambia angusta Budde-Lund, 1909
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); PANNING 1924; BARNARD 1932 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI
1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Namibia; South Africa: Cape Province.
Niambia atracheata (Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978)
SYN. – Leptotrichus a.
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1982b, 2000a; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS
1985.
DISTR. – West Africa: São Tomé (Gulf of Guinea) or Angola: Luanda.
Niambia brevicauda Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
DISTR. – Unknown.
Niambia brunnea Budde-Lund, 1909 = N. truncata
Niambia buddelundi Barnard, 1949
Niambia capensis (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Mauritaniscus littorinus, Metoponorthus c., N. marginepapillosa, pusilla, Porcellio
littorinus
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895b; BUDDE-LUND 1906, 1909a (figs.); PANNING 1924; BARNARD 1932 (figs.),
1949; MILLER 1936 (figs.), 1938; VAN NAME 1940; VANDEL 1977c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
SCHULTZ et alii 1982 (figs.); GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; FERRARA & TAITI 1989b (p. 1033);
GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – South Atlantic: Strouhal. Helena; Namibia; South Africa; USA: California.
Niambia damarensis (Panning, 1924)
SYN. – Thomsenia d.
BIBL. – PANNING 1924 (figs.); BARNARD 1932; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia: Damaraland.
Niambia duffeyi Ferrara & Taiti, 1981
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1981 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1991a.
Niambia eburnea (Vandel, 1953)
SYN. – Trichorhina e.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953e (figs.), 1959e; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ivory Coast: Sassandra.
Niambia flavescens Barnard, 1924
BIBL. – BARNARD 1924a (figs.), 1932 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia.
Niambia formicarum Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932, 1949; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1979: 122) probably a variety of N. capensis.
157
Niambia griseoflavus Barnard, 1924

DISTR. – Namibia.
Niambia hirsuta Budde-Lund, 1909 = N. truncata
Niambia lata Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zimbabwe: Sanyati Valley.
Niambia longiantennata Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
Niambia longicauda Barnard, 1924
DISTR. – Namibia.
Niambia marginepapillosa Budde-Lund, 1909 = N. capensis
Niambia microps Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932, 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Mozambique: near Inhambane.
Niambia modesta Budde-Lund, 1909
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1924a, 1932; PANNING 1924; FERRARA & TAITI
DISTR. – Namibia.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1979: 123) this N. modesta might be a synonym
of N. pallida.
Niambia pallida Budde-Lund, 1909
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1924a, 1932; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Namibia; South Africa: Cape Province.
Niambia palmetensis Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959e (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ghana.
Niambia pusilla Budde-Lund, 1909 = N. capensis
Niambia senegalensis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
DISTR. – Senegal: Thiès.
Niambia septentrionalis Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Niambia squamata (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Leptotrichus s.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909a (figs.); ?DOLLFUS 1898b; VAN NAME 1920; ?PANNING 1924;
BARNARD 1932 (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940b; ARCANGELI 1950b; BRIAN 1953a; LEMOS DE
CASTRO 1967, 1971 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Brazil: Pará (introduced); ?Senegal; Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Zaire; Angola;
Namibia; ?South Africa.
Niambia termitophila Kensley, 1971
Niambia truncata (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Leptotrichus t., N. brunnea, hirsuta, Porcellio t.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; KRAUSS 1843; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906, 1909a (figs.); DOLLFUS 1895b;
BARNARD 1924a, 1932 (figs.); PANNING 1924; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia; South Africa.
N i p p o n o n e t h e s Tabacaru, 1996
Nippononethes cornutus (Nunomura, 1983)
SYN. – Hyloniscus c.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1983 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
Nippononethes kiiensis (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Hyloniscus k.
Nippononethes kuramotoi (Nunomura, 1983)
SYN. – Hyloniscus k.
158
Nippononethes nishikawai (Nunomura, 1990)

SYN. – Hyloniscus n.
DISTR. – Japan: Shimane Prefecture.
Nippononethes uenoi (Vandel, 1968)
SYN. – Hyloniscus u.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968b (figs.), 1970a; NUNOMURA 1983; TABACARU 1996a (figs.); SAITO et alii
2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Tokushima Prefecture.
Nippononethes unidentatus (Vandel, 1970)
SYN. – Hyloniscus u.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1970a (figs.); NUNOMURA 1983; TABACARU 1996a (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Nara Prefecture.
N o t o n i s c u s Chilton, 1915
Notoniscus australis (Chilton, 1909)
SYN. – Haplophthalmus a.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1909 (figs.), 1910a, 1915a (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; GREEN
1971 (figs.); VANDEL 1977a.
DISTR. – Campbell Island S New Zealand.
Notoniscus chiltoni Green, 1971
BIBL. – GREEN 1961 (sub N. australis), 1971 (figs.), 1974; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Tasmania: Collinsvale.
Notoniscus fernandezi Strouhal, 1961
Notoniscus helmsi (Chilton, 1901)
SYN. – Haplophthalmus h.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a, 1915a (figs.); JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1952f (figs.),
1977a; HURLEY 1950, 1961.
DISTR. – New Zealand: South Island and Stewart Island.
Notoniscus secundus Strouhal, 1961
Notoniscus tasmanicus (Chilton, 1915)
SYN. – Chiltonella t., Chiltonia t., Haplophthalmus t.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1915a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1923a; GREEN 1961, 1971 (figs.), 1974; VANDEL
1952(figs.), 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
Notoniscus tertius Strouhal, 1961
N o v a m u n d o n i s c u s Schultz, 1995
Novamundoniscus dissimilis (Lemos de Castro, 1960)
SYN. – Phalloniscus d.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960 (figs.); LENKO 1971; SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998;
Novamundoniscus gracilis Lopes & Araujo, 2003
BIBL. – LOPES & ARAUJO 2003 (figs.).
Novamundoniscus macrophthalmus (Lemos de Castro, 1960)
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
Novamundoniscus marcuzzii (Vandel, 1952)
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960; SCHULTZ 1995a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
DISTR. – Venezuela: Caracas.
Novamundoniscus persimilis (Vandel, 1952)
SYN. – Phalloniscus p.
159
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960, 1967; SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY
DISTR. – Venezuela: Tunapuncito; Brazil: Pará.
Novamundoniscus singularis (Lemos de Castro, 1967)
SYN. – Phalloniscus s.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967, 1970e (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
Novamundoniscus vandeli (Lemos de Castro, 1960)
SYN. – Phalloniscus v.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro.
Ocelloscia floridana (Van Name, 1940) = Atlantoscia f.
O c h e t o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Ochetodillo sulcatus Verhoeff, 1926
O k e a n i n o s c i a Vandel, 1977
Okeaninoscia oliveri (Chilton, 1911)
BIBL. – CHILTON 1911 (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a (figs.).
DISTR. – Kermadec Archipelago N New Zealand: Raoul Island.
O l i b r i n u s Budde-Lund, 1913
Olibrinus aestuari (Nunomura, 1992)
SYN. – Marinoniscus a.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of either O. antennatus or truncatus (TAITI & FERRARA
2004).
Olibrinus antennatus (Budde-Lund, 1902)
SYN. – Camorta nicobarica, O. mangroviarum, nicobaricus,olivaceus, pigmentatus, roseus,
Trichoniscus a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1902, 1913b (figs.); MONOD 1933 (figs.); BARNARD 1936a, 1955, 1960a,
1964; FERRARA 1972b (figs.); ROMAN 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; TAITI & FERRARA
DISTR. – Somalia; Malay Peninsula.
REMARKS. – According to a manuscript in preparation by TAITI & FERRARA the species O.
mangroviarum, nicobaricus, olivaceus and pigmentatus are synonyms of O. antennatus.
Olibrinus elongatus Nunomura, 1983
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1983 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1991b; SAITO et alii 2000.
2004).
Olibrinus hachijoensis (Nunomura, 1999)
SYN. – Marinoniscus h.
2004).
Olibrinus kosugei (Nunomura, 1992)
SYN. – Marinoniscus k.
2004).
Olibrinus kushimotoensis Nunomura, 1992
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1992 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000; SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.).
2004).
160
Olibrinus mangroviarum Ferrara, 1972 = O. antennatus

Olibrinus miyakensis (Nunomura, 1999)
SYN. – Marinoniscus m.
2004).
Olibrinus nicobaricus (Barnard, 1936) = O. antennatus
Olibrinus nomurai (Nunomura, 1992)
SYN. – Marinoniscus n.
2004).
Olibrinus olivaceus Budde-Lund, 1913 = O. antennatus
Olibrinus pacificus (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Marinoniscus p.
2004).
Olibrinus pigmentatus Budde-Lund, 1912 = O. antennatus
Olibrinus roseus Roman, 1977 = O. antennatus
Olibrinus tomiokaensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Marinoniscus t.
DISTR. – Japan: Kumamoto Prefecture.
2004).
Olibrinus truncatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1991b (figs.); TAITI et alii 1992; KWON & TAITI 1993; SCHMIDT 2002
(figs.!!).
DISTR. – Hong Kong; Sulawesi; Hawaii.
Oligoniscus monocellatus (Dollfus, 1890) = Styloniscus m.
O m a n o d i l l o Taiti, Ferrara & Davolos, 2000

Omanodillo gardneri Taiti, Ferrara & Davolos, 2000
DISTR. – Oman.
O n i s c o p h i l o s c i a Wahrberg, 1922
Oniscophiloscia anomala (Dollfus, 1890)
SYN. – Phalloniscus a., Philoscia a.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1890a; BUDDE-LUND 1908; VAN NAME 1936, 1940; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1960;
STROUHAL 1961b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Oniscophiloscia kuscheli Strouhal, 1961
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1961b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Oniscophiloscia mirifica Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; STROUHAL 1961b (figs.); LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
O n i s c u s Linnaeus, 1758
Crinocheta: family Oniscidae
Oniscus affinis Say, 1818 = O. asellus
Oniscus agilis Persoon, 1793 = Ligidium hypnorum
Oniscus agilis C. Koch, 1847 = Philoscia muscorum
Oniscus ancarensis Bilton, 1992
BIBL. – BILTON 1992 (figs.).
Oniscus angustatus Nicolet, 1849 = Benthana a.
161
Oniscus angustus Dana, 1853 = nomen dubium

Oniscus armadillo Linnaeus, 1758 = nomen dubium
Oniscus armatus Nicolet, 1849 = nomen dubium
Oniscus asellus Linnaeus, 1758
SYN. – O. affinis, fossor, lamperti, languidus, lineatus, murarius, nodulosus, taeniola,
vicarius, Porcellio lineatus, taeniola
Orig. descr.: LINNAEUS 1758.
Descr., figs.: SARS 1898!; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMIDT 2003!!.
Syst.: BILTON 1994, 1997.
Morph.: LEYDIG 1878; GRAEVE 1913; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; VANDEL 1943; SCHMALFUSS
1975a, 1983c, 1989(figs.), 1998a; HOESE 1982a, 1984d, 1989; BILTON 1992, 1994, 1997;
ERHARD 1995a, 1995b, 1996, 1997; ZIMMER 1998; SCHMIDT 2002.
Anat.: STOLLER 1899; SILÉN 1954b; SCHELOSKE 1976; ERHARD 1995a, 1995b, 1996, 1997.
Nervous system: WALKER 1934; CHIANG & STEEL 1986, 1987, 1989; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001.
Sense organs: LEYDIG 1878; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; LATTIN 1939b; FISCHBACH 1955; GUPTA
1962; HOESE 1989; HOESE & SCHNEIDER 1990; SCHNEIDER & GLASS 1993.
Cytol., ultrastr.: WITKUS et alii 1969; CLIFFORD & WITKUS 1971; LIEBICH 1981; CORUZZI et alii
1982; NYLUND & TJØNNELAND 1989.
Cuticle, molt: DUDICH 1929; LATTIN 1939a; AUZOU 1953; MESSNER 1965; SCHMALFUSS 1978b;
PRICE & HOLDICH 1980a, 1980b; STEEL 1980, 1982, 1993; POWELL & HALCROW 1982;
HOLDICH 1984; CHIANG & STEEL 1985a, 1985c; ANSENNE et alii 1988; COMPÈRE 1991; THOREZ
et alii 1991; ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997.
Glands: SILÉN 1954a; LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1970b.
Respir.: MÖDLINGER 1931; EDNEY & SPENCER 1955; PHILLIPSON & WATSON 1965.
Physiol.: CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1952; SPENCER & EDNEY 1954; BURSELL 1955; HARTENSTEIN 1967,
1968; TASCHENBERGER 1967; SMITH et alii 1969; LINDQUIST 1970; LINDQUIST et alii 1972;
MAYES & HOLDICH 1975, 1976; HOLDICH & MAYES 1976; NASH 1979; CHIANG & STEEL 1984;
ALIKHAN & STORCH 1990; CAREFOOT et alii 1991; COENEN-STASS 1991.
Genet.: VANDEL 1941a; BILTON et alii 1999.
Sex det.: LATTIN & GROSS 1953; LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1970b; RIGAUD et alii 1999.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1925b; MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; BEYER 1958, 1964; MCQUEEN & STEEL 1980;
HOESE & JANSSEN 1989.
Pop. dyn.: WANG & SCHREIBER 1999a.
Ontog.: NUSBAUM 1896; HEROLD 1924; BORUTZKY 1974.
Behav.: ABBOTT 1918; ALLEE 1926; CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1956b; FRIEDLANDER 1965; SCHÄFER
1986; CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON & CONSTANTINOU 1987; SCHLIEBE 1988, 1991.
Life history: HEELEY 1941a.
Nutr.: BEERSTECHER et alii 1954; HARTENSTEIN 1964a, 1964b, 1967; NEUHAUSER et alii 1974;
NEUHAUSER & HARTENSTEIN 1976; BROWN et alii 1978; KAPLAN & HARTENSTEIN 1978; DEBRY &
LEBRUN 1979; DEBRY & MUYANGO 1979; BECK & BRESTOWSKY 1980; BECK & FRIEBE 1981;
HASSALL & RUSHTON 1984; STORCH 1984; GRIFFITHS & WOOD 1985; INESON & ANDERSON
1985; GUNNARSSON & TUNLID 1986; GUNNARSSON 1987; HASSALL et alii 1987; HAMES &
HOPKIN 1989; COUTEAUX et alii 1991; ULLRICH et alii 1991; ULLRICH & STORCH 1991; ZIMMER
1998; LAVY et alii 2001; ZIMMER & TOPP 2002; ZIDAR et alii 2003.
Heavy metal: MARTIN et alii 1976; COUGHTREY et alii 1977, 1980; HOPKIN & MARTIN 1982a,
1982b, 1984; HOPKIN et alii 1985; HOPKIN, HAMES & BRAGG 1989; ALIKHAN & STORCH 1990;
HOPKIN 1990b; ALIKHAN 1991; JONES & HOPKIN 1996; KÖHLER & ECKWERT 1997.
Symbionts: MATTHES 1950, 1956, 1986; WOOD & GRIFFITHS 1988.
Ecol.: MERCIER 1914; POISSON 1928; HEROLD 1937a; BARLOW & KUENEN 1953; BEYER 1964;
ANTHOLZ & WEIDEMANN 1985; COLLOFF & HOPKIN 1986; ROGNES 1986; SUTTON & HARDING
1989; ERHARD 1992; SASTRODIHARDJO & VAN STRAELEN 1993; SCHEU & POSER 1996; DOLNICHI-
OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997; JUDAS & HAUSER 1998; ZIMMER & TOPP 1999b, 2000b; ZIMMER
2003.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); ARCANGELI 1926a (I); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); MEINERTZ 1938
(Iceland, map), 1964 (DK, map); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); PALMÉN 1946a (SF); VANDEL
1948f (map), 1960b (Madeira), 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E); POTOČNIK 1980
(former YU); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H,
map); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (Americas); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map).
DISTR. – Northern and western Europe east to Finland, Poland, Ukraine, not in the
Mediterranean area; Madeira; Azores; introduced in many places in the Americas.
Oniscus bicolor Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Oniscus bilineatus Nicolet, 1849 = Benthana b.
Oniscus bucculentus Nicolet, 1849 = Deto b.
Oniscus cinereus Zenker, 1798 = nomen dubium
Oniscus collinus Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Oniscus convexus De Geer, 1778 = Cylisticus c.
162
Oniscus convexus Koch & Behrendt, 1854 = nomen dubium (fossil in Baltic amber)
Oniscus cooki Filhol, 1885 = nomen dubium (compare VANDEL 1977a: 12)
Oniscus crenulatus Pallas, 1771 = Hemilepistus c.
Oniscus fossor C. Koch, 1838 = O. asellus
Oniscus galicianus Bilton, 1997
BIBL. – BILTON 1997 (figs.).
Oniscus globator Cuvier, 1792 = nomen dubium
Oniscus granulatus Lamarck, 1818 = Porcellio scaber
Oniscus helveticus Verhoeff, 1896 = Oroniscus h.
Oniscus hypnorum Cuvier, 1792 = Ligidium h.
Oniscus kenepurensis Chilton, 1901 = Phalloniscus k.
Oniscus laevis (Latreille, 1804) = Porcellio l.
Oniscus lamperti L. Koch, 1901 = O. asellus
Oniscus languidus L. Koch, 1901 = O. asellus
Oniscus latus Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Oniscus lusitanus Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908f; VANDEL 1946b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971; BILTON 1997.
DISTR. – NW-Spain; northern Portugal.
Oniscus maculatus Dana, 1853 = nomen dubium
Oniscus madidus C. Koch, 1841 = Lepidoniscus minutus
Oniscus mamillatus Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Oniscus marmoratus Risso, 1816 = nomen dubium
Oniscus minutus C. Koch, 1838 = Lepidoniscus m.
Oniscus murarius Cuvier, 1792 = O. asellus
Oniscus muscorum Scopoli, 1763 = Philoscia m.
Oniscus musculus Eschscholtz, 1823 = nomen dubium
Oniscus myrmecophilus Baker, 1913 = Hanoniscus m.
Oniscus nigrescens Dana, 1853 = Benthana olfersii
Oniscus nodulosus Verhoeff, 1934 = O asellus
Oniscus novaezealandiae Filhol, 1885 = Deto bucculenta
Oniscus oceanicus Linnaeus, 1767 = Ligia o.
Oniscus olivieri Audouin, 1826 = Porcellio o.
Oniscus pubescens Dana, 1853 = nomen dubium
Oniscus pulchellus Zenker, 1798 = Armadillidium p.
Oniscus punctatus Thomson, 1879 = nomen dubium
Oniscus ruderalis Pallas, 1771 = Hemilepistus r.
Oniscus simonii Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1936g; VANDEL 1940b, 1941d, 1946b, 1962b (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii 1984; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Western and central Pyrenees (SW-France and NE-Spain).
Oniscus sylvestris J. Fabricius, 1793 = Philoscia muscorum
Oniscus taeniola (C. Koch, 1835) = O. asellus
Oniscus tuberculatus Nicolet, 1849 = Deto bucculenta
Oniscus vicarius Stuxberg, 1872 = O. asellus
O r e a d e s Vandel, 1968
Oreades lativentris Vandel, 1968
O r e g o n i s c u s Hatch, 1947
Oregoniscus nearcticus (Arcangeli, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus n.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932i (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; HATCH 1947.
O r i t o n i s c u s Racovitza, 1908
Oritoniscus aurensis Dalens, Rousset & Fournier, 1997
BIBL. – DALENS et alii 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-France: Pyrenees.
Oritoniscus baroussensis Dalens, Rousset & Fournier, 1997
163
Oritoniscus beroni Ferrara & Taiti, 1985

BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1985a (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Oritoniscus bonadonai Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – VANDEL 1948b, 1948f, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; DALENS et alii 1997 (figs.);
ERHARD 1997.
DISTR. – SE-France: near Draguignan (Var).
Oritoniscus bonneti Vandel, 1957
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957a, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; DALENS 1967.
Oritoniscus cebenicus Racovitza, 1908 = O. virei
Oritoniscus coiffaiti Vandel, 1953
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953g (figs.), 1972a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – NE-Spain: provinces Barcelona and Tarragona.
Oritoniscus condei Brian, 1956
BIBL. – BRIAN 1956b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO & RAMPINI 1973; ARGANO & PESCE
1975; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Oritoniscus delmasi Vandel, 1933
BIBL. – VANDEL 1933, 1947b (map), 1947c, 1948f, 1957a, 1960a (figs.); VANDEL et alii 1946;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Southern France: Cevennes and Ardèche.
Oritoniscus despaxi Vandel, 1924
BIBL. – VANDEL 1924a, 1924b, 1925b, 1933, 1946f, 1947c, 1948f, 1957a, 1960a (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Central Pyrenees (SW-France, NE-Spain).
Oritoniscus eremitus (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – O. affinis (nomen nudum), Trichoniscus e.
BIBL. – CARL 1908b (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1942a, 1947c, 1948f, 1950h, 1960a (figs.); HUSSON
1944; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; DALENS 1967.
DISTR. – SW-France: eastern Pyrenees.
Oritoniscus flavus (Budde-Lund, 1906)
SYN. – Trichoniscoides scoparum, Trichoniscus f., vandelius
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1906; RACOVITZA 1907a, 1908; VERHOEFF 1908e; ARCANGELI 1924b;
VANDEL 1924a, 1925b, 1933, 1939b, 1943, 1947c, 1948b, 1957a, 1960a (figs.); LEGRAND
1942f, 1946; BAZIRE 1945; COLLINGE 1945c; EDNEY 1953a; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971;
DALENS 1965a; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; DALENS et alii 1996
(figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Ireland; SW-France; NE-Spain.
Oritoniscus flavus intermedius Vandel, 1957 = O. intermedius
Oritoniscus flavus simplex Vandel, 1957 = O. simplex
Oritoniscus fouresi Vandel, 1947
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946f, 1947b, 1948f, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Oritoniscus henrici Vandel, 1957
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957a (figs.), 1972a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – NE-Spain: Catalonia.
Oritoniscus intermedius Vandel, 1957
SYN. – O. flavus i.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957a (figs.); DALENS et alii 1996 (figs.).
Oritoniscus lagari Vandel, 1972 = Catalauniscus espanoli
Oritoniscus legrandi Dalens, 1965
BIBL. – DALENS 1965c (figs.), 1967.
DISTR. – SW-France: Albi SE Toulouse.
Oritoniscus notabilis Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – HUSSON 1944; VANDEL 1948b, 1948f, 1950b, 1950h, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Oritoniscus ocellatus Vandel, 1953
SYN. – O. paganus o.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953d, 1960a, 1968d; ?BRIAN 1955a; ARGANO & PESCE 1975 (sub O.
paganus); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (sub O. paganus); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c (sub O.
paganus), 1995b (figs.), 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northernmost part of Corsica; ?Tuscan Archipelago: islands Montecristo and
Giannutri; ?Sardinia.
Oritoniscus paganus Racovitza, 1908
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1947c, 1948f, 1953d, 1954n, 1957e, 1960a
(figs.), 1968d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; COBOLLI et alii 1995; TAITI & FERRARA 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Corsica.
164
Oritoniscus paganus ocellatus Vandel, 1953 = O. ocellatus

Oritoniscus punctatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
DISTR. – Corsica: Ajaccio.
Oritoniscus pyrenaeus (Racovitza, 1907)
SYN. – Trichoniscoides p., Trichoniscus p.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.), 1908; CARL 1908b; VANDEL 1933, 1948f, 1960a; ARCANGELI
1935e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a; DALENS et alii 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – French and Spanish Pyrenees.
Oritoniscus remyi Dalens, 1964
BIBL. – DALENS 1964b (figs.), 1965a, 1973d; CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii 1984; CRUZ 1991a;
DALENS et alii 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-France: Pyrenees; northern Spain: Cantabrian Mountains and Pyrenees.
Oritoniscus ribauti Vandel, 1933
BIBL. – VANDEL 1933, 1948f, 1950h, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Oritoniscus ribollensis Vandel, 1972
DISTR. – NE-Spain: province Gerona.
Oritoniscus rousseti Dalens, 1998
DISTR. – French Pyrenees.
Oritoniscus simplex Vandel, 1957
SYN. – O. flavus s.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957a, 1960a (figs.); DALENS et alii 1997 (figs.).
Oritoniscus trajani Vandel, 1933
BIBL. – VANDEL 1933, 1940b, 1948f, 1957a, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Oritoniscus vandeli Legrand, 1942
BIBL. – LEGRAND 1942f (figs.); VANDEL 1947b, 1947c, 1948f, 1957a, 1960a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
Oritoniscus violaceus Dalens, Rousset & Fournier, 1996
Oritoniscus virei (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – O. cebenicus, Trichoniscus v.
BIBL. – CARL 1908b (figs.), 1910; RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1942a, 1946f, 1947b,
1947c, 1948b, 1948f, 1953f, 1960a (figs.); VANDEL et alii 1946; DALENS 1965a, 1967;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
O r o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Orodillo collaris Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.), 1928b; JACKSON 1941.
Orodillo maculatus (Arcangeli, 1952) = Dryadillo m
Orodillo sauteri Verhoeff, 1928
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928b (figs.); SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Taiwan.
O r o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1908
Oroniscus absoloni Strouhal, 1937
SYN. – Strouhalius a., Strouhaloniscus a.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937c (figs.); ?FRANKENBERGER 1938b (compare KARAMAN 1966b: 387, under
Strouhaloniscus stentai); ARCANGELI 1939k; VERHOEFF 1940b (figs.); KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Yugoslavia: Montenegro.
Oroniscus calcivagus Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908a, 1908f (figs.); STROUHAL 1937c, 1958a; ARCANGELI 1939k; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979.
Oroniscus dalmaticus Strouhal, 1937
SYN. – Strouhalius d., Strouhaloniscus d.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937c (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1938b; ARCANGELI 1940c; KARAMAN 1966b.
165
DISTR. – Croatia: Dalmatia.

Oroniscus dolomiticus Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908a, 1908f (figs.); STROUHAL 1937c, 1958a; ARCANGELI 1939k; SCHMÖLZER
1953c, 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italian Alps.
Oroniscus festai Arcangeli, 1939
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932b ((figs., sub O. helveticus), 1939k; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Oroniscus helveticus (Verhoeff, 1896)
SYN. – Oniscus h.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1896, 1908a, 1908f (figs.), 1936b, 1938c; STROUHAL 1937c; ARCANGELI
1939k (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Swiss Alps.
Oroniscus hessei Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1939k; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Oroniscus mandli Strouhal, 1958
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1958a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1974b.
Oroniscus meledensis Strouhal, 1937
SYN. – Strouhalius m., Strouhaloniscus m.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937c (figs.); ARCANGELI 1939k; KARAMAN 1966b.
Oroniscus pavani Arcangeli, 1939
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1939k (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
Oroniscus stentai (Arcangeli, 1926)
SYN. – Porcellio s., Strouhalius s., Strouhaloniscus s.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1926a (figs.), 1939k; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia.
O r o p a c t e s Ferrara & Taiti, 1982

Oropactes frontelobatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
Oropactes maculatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1982b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1987; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.).
Oropactes novus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
Oropactes pilosus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
O r o s c i a Verhoeff, 1926
Oroscia paniensis Verhoeff, 1926
Oroscia squamuligera Verhoeff, 1926
O r o t h e l u m Paoli, Ferrara & Taiti, 2002

Orothelum instrenuum (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Eubelum i.
BIBL. – LÖNNBERG & BUDDE-LUND 1912 (figs.); BARNARD 1940b; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945b;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA et alii 1991 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.);
FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Kenya.
O r t h o d i l l o Vandel, 1973
166
Orthodillo chiltoni Vandel, 1973

O r t h o m e t o p o n Verhoeff, 1917
Orthometopon dalmatinum (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Metoponorthus d.
Orig. descr.: VERHOEFF 1901c (Metoponorthus p.).
Descr., figs.: STROUHAL 1954b; SCHMALFUSS 1993!.
Syst., phyl.: SCHMALFUSS 1993.
Morph.: SCHMALFUSS 1993.
Cuticle: SCHMALFUSS 1978b.
Reprod.: STROUHAL 1954b; SCHMALFUSS 1993.
Distr.: ARCANGELI 1947a, 1952a (Albania), 1952h; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (I); KARAMAN
1966b (former YU); SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b; SCHMALFUSS 1993 (GR, map).
Bibl.: STROUHAL 1966a; SCHMALFUSS 1993, 1998a, 1999.
DISTR. – Central Italy; Croatia; Albania; western Greece.
Orthometopon ferrarai (Schmalfuss, 1983)
SYN. – Protracheoniscus f.
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1983b (figs.), 1993 (figs.), 1999.
DISTR. – Greece: northwestern coast of Aegean Sea and island Lésvos.
Orthometopon hydrense Schmalfuss, 1993
DISTR. – Greece: island Ídra (= Hydra) E of Peloponnese.
Orthometopon kerkinianum Schmalfuss, 1993
DISTR. – Northern Greece: Kerkini Mountains.
Orthometopon phaleronense (Verhoeff, 1901)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901f, 1918a, 1941a; STROUHAL 1929a, 1929c, 1937b, 1937f, 1937g, 1939c;
SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1975b, 1978b, 1979b, 1981a, 1993 (figs.); SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b;
LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: Attica and western Aegean islands including Crete.
Orthometopon planum (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus meridionalis, p., Porcellio p., Tracheoniscus p.
Orig. descr.: BUDDE-LUND 1885 (Metoponorthus p.).
Descr., figs.: CARL 1908a; VERHOEFF 1917f; FRANKENBERGER 1959, 1964; VANDEL 1962b.
Syst.: VANDEL 1962b; JEPPESEN 2000.
Ecol.: SZEKELYHIDI & LOKSA 1979.
Distr.: CARL 1908a (CH); ARCANGELI 1924d, 1929c (I); VANDEL 1962b (F); FRANKENBERGER 1964
(Slovakia); KARAMAN 1966b (Croatia); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (I); FLASAROVÁ 1986a, 1994,
1999; FLASAR & FLASAROVÁ 1989 (Slovakia); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1995b (I); FORRÓ &
FARKAS 1998 (H).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1962b.
DISTR. – SW-France; northern Italy; northern Croatia; southern Slovakia; northern Hungary.
Orthometopon scheuerni Schmalfuss, 1993
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1993 (figs.), 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Greece: islands Sími and Kastelórizo; SW-Turkey.
Orthometopon turcicum Verhoeff, 1941
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a; SCHMALFUSS 1993 (figs.), 1999.
DISTR. – NW-Turkey; Greece: NE-Aegean, island Lésvos.
O u r a c h a e r u s Kinahan, 1859
Ourachaerus caudatus Kinahan, 1859
BIBL. – KINAHAN 1859 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885.
DISTR. – Unknown.
O x a l a n i s c u s Leistikow, 2000
Oxalaniscus ctenoscioides (Mulaik, 1960)
SYN. – Philoscia c.
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2000b (figs.).
DISTR. – Mexico: Chiapas.
P a c h y d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

167

Pachydillo pauperculus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus p.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Pachydillo rhodesiensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo r., Diploexochus r.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1960a; ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia; Zimbabwe.
P a c r o s c i a Vandel, 1981
Pacroscia decoui Vandel, 1981
Pacroscia elongata Vandel, 1981
P a g a n a Budde-Lund, 1908
Pagana dimorpha (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Metoponorthus d., Porcellio d.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a; BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.), 1912b; BARNARD 1936b, 1964; FERRARA &
TAITI 1979, 1981; TAITI & FERRARA 1983a (figs.!).
DISTR. – Réunion; Mauritius; Seychelles; Ascension Island in southern Atlantic (introduced).
Pagana fissifrons (Budde-Lund, 1908)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908; BARNARD 1936b, 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA
1983a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Mauritius.
Pagana maculosa Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); BARNARD 1936b, 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
REMARKS. – According to BARNARD (1936b) a synonym of P. dimorpha.
Pagana platysoma Taiti & Ferrara, 1983
Pagana tuberculata Taiti & Ferrara, 1983
P a l a i o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Palaioscia alticola Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Eastern New Guinea.
P a n c h a i a Taiti & Ferrara, 2004

Panchaia fusca Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Panchaia marmorata Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Panchaia striata Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
P a n n i n g i l l o Verhoeff, 1942
Panningillo schultzei Verhoeff, 1942
168
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1985 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI
1979; SCHMALFUSS 1984b; FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
P a p u a d i l l o Vandel, 1973
Papuadillo cubaroides Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Bismarck Archipelago E New Guinea.
Papuadillo papuae (Jackson, 1930)
SYN. – Nesodillo p.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1930 (figs.), 1931 (figs.); VANDEL 1973b.
P a p u a p h i l o s c i a Vandel, 1970
Papuaphiloscia alba Nunomura, 2000
Papuaphiloscia albula Vandel, 1973
Papuaphiloscia anophthalma Vandel, 1973
Papuaphiloscia arcangelii Kwon & Taiti, 1993
DISTR. – SE-China: province Hunan.
Papuaphiloscia bougainvillei Vandel, 1973
Papuaphiloscia daitoensis Nunomura, 2003
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2003c (figs.).
Papuaphiloscia granulata Kwon & Taiti, 1993
DISTR. – SE-China: island Hainan.
Papuaphiloscia hurleyi Vandel, 1977
Papuaphiloscia insulana Vandel, 1970
BIBL. – VANDEL 1970a (figs.); NUNOMURA 1986; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Ryukyu Islands; Kagoshima Prefecture.
Papuaphiloscia laevis (Schultz, 1973)
SYN. – Haplophiloscia l.
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1973 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1991b (figs.!); TAITI & HOWARTH 1997; RIVERA
et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Hawaii; Taiwan.
Papuaphiloscia minima Vandel, 1973
Papuaphiloscia parkeri Vandel, 1973
Papuaphiloscia proxima Vandel, 1977
Papuaphiloscia rennelli Vandel, 1973
Papuaphiloscia terukubiensis Nunomura, 1992
P a p u a s o n i s c u s Vandel, 1973
Papuasoniscus golovatchi Dalens, 1988
169

DISTR. – Samoa and Tonga Islands.
Papuasoniscus holthuisi Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973b (figs.); TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sulawesi; western New Guinea; Bismarck and Solomon Archipelago.
Papuasoniscus lutaoensis Jeon & Kwon, 1996
DISTR. – Taiwan.
P a r a c h a e t o p h i l o s c i a Cruz & Dalens, 1989

Parachaetophiloscia levantina Cruz & Dalens, 1989
DISTR. – Eastern Spain: Alicante.
Paracubaris spinosus Collinge, 1917 = Circoniscus s.
P a r a c y p h o n i s c u s Brian, 1958
Paracyphoniscus meggiolaroi Brian, 1958
BIBL. – BRIAN 1958b (figs.); PAOLETTI 1978a, 1980; ARGANO et alii 1995.
P a r a d o n i s c u s Taiti & Ferrara, 2004

Paradoniscus aquaticus Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
DISTR. – Yemen: Socotra Archipelago, Samha Island.
Paradoniscus degeesti Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
P a r a g u a s c i a Schultz, 1995
Paraguascia pigmentata Schultz, 1995
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1995a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Paraguay: province Caaguazu; ?Argentina: province Misiones.
P a r a k e r m a n i a Vandel, 1973
Parakermania maculata Kwon & Taiti, 1993
DISTR. – SE-China: Hainan.
Parakermania minima Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973b (figs.); KWON & TAITI 1993.
DISTR. – Bismarck Archipelago E New Guinea: New Ireland.
P a r a l e p t o t r i c h u s Arcangeli, 1927
Paraleptotrichus teodoroi Arcangeli, 1927
SYN. – Porcellio t.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e.
DISTR. – Eastern China: Beijing.
Paraniambia tuberculata Collinge, 1914 = Hemilepistus reaumurii
P a r a n o t o n i s c u s Barnard, 1932
Paranotoniscus capensis Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); VANDEL 1952f (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Paranotoniscus latus Barnard, 1932
Paranotoniscus montanus Barnard, 1932
170

Paranotoniscus ornatus Barnard, 1932
Paranotoniscus tuberculatus Barnard, 1932
P a r a p a c r o s c i a Vandel, 1981
Parapacroscia negreai Vandel, 1981
Paraperiscyphis calegarii Arcangeli, 1927 = Adinda weberi

Paraperiscyphis gigas (Collinge, 1915) = Adinda g.
Paraperiscyphis platyperaeon Schultz, 1982 = Adinda p.
Paraperiscyphis pulcher Collinge, 1916 = Adinda p.
Paraperiscyphis scabrus Collinge, 1916 = Adinda s.
Paraperiscyphis stebbingi Collinge, 1914 = Adinda s.
Paraperiscyphis travancorensis Stebbing, 1911 = Adinda t.
P a r a p e r i s c y p h o p s Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976

Paraperiscyphops vandeli Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
P a r a p h i l o s c i a Stebbing, 1900
Paraphiloscia angustissima (Budde-Lund, 1912) = Sechelloscia a.
Paraphiloscia armata Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island Guadalcanal.
Paraphiloscia brevicornis (Budde-Lund, 1912) = Pseudophiloscia b.
Paraphiloscia elongata Vandel, 1971
BIBL. – VANDEL 1971b (figs.), 1973b (figs.).
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island Rennell.
Paraphiloscia gracilis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia g., Pseudophiloscia g.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; STEBBING 1900b; JACKSON 1927a (figs.), 1938, 1941; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Samoan Islands; Austral Islands.
Paraphiloscia hammeni Vandel, 1973
Paraphiloscia lateralis (Budde-Lund, 1912) = “Setaphora” l.
Paraphiloscia mendanai Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island Guadalcanal.
Paraphiloscia propinqua Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island Kolombangara.
Paraphiloscia pubescens (Dana, 1853) = “Philoscia” p.
Paraphiloscia sancristobali Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island San Cristobal.
Paraphiloscia santaisabellae Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Solomon Archipelago: island Santa Isabel.
Paraphiloscia stenosoma Stebbing, 1900
BIBL. – STEBBING 1900b (figs.); JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1973b (figs.).
Genus Pararmadillo = Genus Venezillo

171
P a r a s c h i z i d i u m Verhoeff, 1918
Paraschizidium aegaeum Sfenthourakis, 1995
BIBL. – SFENTHOURAKIS 1995 (figs.), 1996b.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean, Cyclades Islands.
Paraschizidium album Sfenthourakis, 1995
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean, Cyclades Islands.
Paraschizidium atticum Sfenthourakis, 1992
BIBL. – SFENTHOURAKIS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – Central Greece: Attica.
Paraschizidium coeculum (Silvestri, 1897)
SYN. – Armadillidium c., olearum, Illyricosphaera subterranea, P. lianae, menozzii,
olearum, sbordonii, vignai, Titanosphaera myrmicidarum, Troglarmadillidium
subterraneum
BIBL. – SILVESTRI 1897a; VERHOEFF 1918b, 1933a, 1933b; ARCANGELI 1933c, 1948d;
FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; LEGRAND 1956a; VANDEL 1961, 1962b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b; ARGANO & UTZERI 1973 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c; CRUZ
1989a; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (figs.!); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Spain: island Menorca; SW-France: Charente Maritime, island Aix; central Italy;
Croatia: Istria.
Paraschizidium falkonerae Sfenthourakis, 1995
DISTR. – Greece: SW-Aegean, islet Falkonéra W Mílos.
Paraschizidium graecum Schmalfuss, 1981
DISTR. – Greece: northern Sporades, island Lekhúsa.
Paraschizidium hispanum Arcangeli, 1935
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935d (figs.), 1948d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: Algeciras.
Paraschizidium levithae Sfenthourakis, 1995
DISTR. – Greece: SE-Aegean, islands Levítha and Kos.
Paraschizidium lianae Legrand, 1956 = P. coeculum
Paraschizidium menozzii Arcangeli, 1933 = P. coeculum
Paraschizidium olearum Verhoeff, 1918 = P. coeculum
Paraschizidium polyvotisi Sfenthourakis, 1995
DISTR. – Greece: SE-Aegean, islands Nísiros and Kandeliúsa.
Paraschizidium remyi Vandel, 1944 = Alloschizidium r. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1996)
Paraschizidium roubali Frankenberger, 1940
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1940c (figs.), 1959; ARCANGELI 1948d.
DISTR. – Czechia: Prague.
REMARKS. – According to MANICASTRI & TAITI (1994) probably also a synonym of P.
coeculum.
Paraschizidium sbordonii Argano & Utzeri, 1973 = P. coeculum
Paraschizidium vignai Argano & Utzeri, 1973 = P. coeculum
P a r a s p h a e r i l l o Arcangeli, 1934
Parasphaerillo cingulatus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus c., Sphaerillo c., Spherillo c.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI et alii 1998.
DISTR. – South Africa: Durban.
Genus Parastenoniscus = Genus Stenoniscus
P a r a t o r a d j i a Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995

Paratoradjia beroni Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
BIBL. – FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Paratoradjia indosinensis (Arcangeli, 1948)
SYN. – Toradjia i.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1948d (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Vietnam.
Paratoradjia sulcata Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
172

DISTR. – Bismarck Archipelago E New Guinea: New Ireland.
Paratoradjia vietnamensis Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Vietnam: Phuong Province.
P a r a x e n o d i l l o Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983

Paraxenodillo singularis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
P a r c i r c o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1941
Parcirconiscus ornatus Verhoeff, 1941
DISTR. – Surinam: Paramaribo.
P a r c y l i s t i c u s Verhoeff, 1943
Parcylisticus angelikae Schmalfuss, 2003
Parcylisticus armenicus (Borutzky, 1970)
SYN. – Cylisticus a.
DISTR. – Armenia.
Parcylisticus dentifrons (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Cylisticus ciscaucasius, d.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1961b (figs.), 1972b, 1977 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1989c
(figs., map); JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMALFUSS 2003a.
DISTR. – Northern Caucasus (Russia and Azerbaijan).
Parcylisticus georgianus Schmalfuss, 2003
DISTR. – Georgia (western Caucasus).
Parcylisticus golovatchi Schmalfuss, 2003
DISTR. – SE-Armenia.
Parcylisticus mrovdaghicus (Borutzky, 1970)
SYN. – Cylisticus m.
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1970 (figs.), 1972b; SCHMALFUSS 2003a (figs., map).
DISTR. – Southern Azerbaijan.
Parcylisticus nivicomes Verhoeff, 1949 = P. pugionifer
Parcylisticus pugionifer Verhoeff, 1943
SYN. – Cylisticus nivicomes, p., P. nivicomes
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943b (figs.), 1949a; STROUHAL 1953d (figs.); BORUTZKY 1970.
Parcylisticus pugionifer syriacus Schmalfuss, 1986 = P. syriacus
Parcylisticus syriacus Schmalfuss, 1986
SYN. – P. pugionifer s.
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1986d (figs.), 2003a.
DISTR. – Along Euphrates River in southern Turkey (Birecik) and northern Syria.
Parcylisticus urartuensis (Borutzky, 1970)
SYN. – Cylisticus u.
DISTR. – Northern Armenia.
Parcylisticus zangezuricus (Borutzky, 1970)
SYN. – Cylisticus z.
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1970 (figs.), 1972b; SCHMALFUSS 2003 (figs., map).
DISTR. – Easternmost Turkey; southern Armenia.
Pardioniscus argentinus (Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939) = Balloniscus sellowii
Pareluma minuta Omer-Cooper, 1923 = Schizidium davidi
P a r e l u m o i d e s Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983

173
Parelumoides marginatus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983

Parethelum insulanum Verhoeff, 1942 = Mesarmadillo quadrimaculatus

Parethelum montanum Verhoeff, 1942 = Mesarmadillo m.
P a r i s c h i o s c i a Lemos de Castro, 1967

Parischioscia omissa (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Philoscia o.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999; LEISTIKOW 2001f (figs.).
DISTR. – Guyana; French Guiana; NE-Brazil: Amapá.
Parsphaeroniscus apeuensis Lemos de Castro, 1967 = Circoniscus a.
Genus Patagoniscus = Genus Styloniscus
P a x o d i l l i d i u m Schmalfuss, 1985
Paxodillidium schawalleri Schmalfuss, 1985
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1985a (figs.), 1999; SCHMALFUSS & SFENTHOURAKIS 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Greece: Ionian Islands.
P e c t e n o n i s c u s Andersson, 1960
Pectenoniscus angulatus Andersson, 1960
BIBL. – ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: Santa Catarina.
Genus Pentheus = Genus Armadillo
Pentheus punctatus C. Koch, 1841 = Armadillo officinalis
P e n t o n i s c u s Richardson, 1913
Pentoniscus dominicanus Arcangeli, 1932
SYN. – P. dominicensis, Philoscia d.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932d (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1968b; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Lesser Antilles: Dominica.
Pentoniscus exilis Van Name, 1925
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1925 (figs.), 1936; SCHULTZ 1968b (figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW 1998c;
DISTR. – Guyana: Bartica District.
Pentoniscus pruinosus Richardson, 1913
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1913; ARCANGELI 1930b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1968b, 1969
(figs.); LEISTIKOW 1998c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Pentoniscus silvestrii Arcangeli, 1927
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; SCHULTZ 1968b; LEISTIKOW 1998c; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan; Taiwan.
REMARKS. – LEISTIKOW (1998c) doubts, because of geographical reasons, the generic
ascription.
Pentoniscus vargasae Leistikow, 1998
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 1998c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Costa Rica: San José.
P e r i c e p h a l u s Budde-Lund, 1909
Pericephalus feae (Budde-Lund, 1894)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1894, 1904, 1909a (p. 54); TAITI et alii 1998; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Burma.
P e r i n e t i a Barnard, 1958
174

Perinetia reducta (Barnard, 1958)
BIBL. – BARNARD 1958 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a.
P e r i s c y p h i s Gerstaecker, 1873
Periscyphis abyssinicus Ferrara, 1972
BIBL. – FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: Awash National Park, Shoa.
Periscyphis albescens (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Cercocytonus a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909b (figs.); OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1940a;
PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945b; VANDEL 1964b; STROUHAL 1965a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; ERHARD
& SCHMALFUSS 1997; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Egypt and Sudan.
Periscyphis albomarginatus Taiti, Ferrara & Allspach, 1997
BIBL. – TAITI et alii 1997 (figs.), 2000.
DISTR. – Oman.
Periscyphis albus Erhard & Schmalfuss, 1997
BIBL. – ERHARD & SCHMALFUSS 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Israel: NW Elat; Egypt: Sinai.
Periscyphis anomalus (Gerstaecker, 1873) = Microcercus a.
Periscyphis arabicus Barnard, 1941
SYN. – P. granai var. arabicus
BIBL. – BARNARD 1941; FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.), 1996a; KHEIRALLAH & ABBOUD 1989;
TAITI & FERRARA 1989b; FERRARA et alii 1991 (figs.), 1997 (figs.); PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Saudi Arabia and Yemen.
Periscyphis armadilloides Budde-Lund, 1898 = Microcercus a.
Periscyphis barnardi Ferrara & Taiti, 1986
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.), 1996a; KHEIRALLAH & ABBOUD 1989; TAITI & FERRARA
1991c.
DISTR. – Yemen.
Periscyphis besi Barnard, 1941
BIBL. – BARNARD 1941; FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.); KHEIRALLAH & ABBOUD 1989.
DISTR. – Southwestern Arabian Peninsula.
Periscyphis bicoloratus Barnard, 1941 = Xeroniscus b.
Periscyphis bizonatus (Budde-Lund, 1899) = Periscyphops b.
Periscyphis brevicaudatus Ferrara, 1973 = Xeroniscus b.
Periscyphis brunneus Lönnberg & Budde-Lund, 1912
BIBL. – LÖNNBERG & BUDDE-LUND 1912; OMER-COOPER 1926; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI et
alii 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – Kenya.
Periscyphis buettikeri Ferrara & Taiti, 1986
DISTR. – Southwestern Saudi Arabia.
Periscyphis cavernicolus Omer-Cooper, 1926
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Periscyphis chindeensis Barnard, 1932 = P. vittatus
Periscyphis civilis Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); OMER-COOPER 1926; FERRARA 1973a (figs.), 1974a; CHELAZZI
& FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Somalia; SE-Kenya.
Periscyphis convexus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Cercocytonus c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909b; ?STEBBING 1908; COLLINGE 1914c; OMER-COOPER 1926;
STROUHAL 1965a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; ERHARD & SCHMALFUSS 1997 (figs.); JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Nile Valley from northern Sudan to central Egypt.
Periscyphis cristifrons Hilgendorf, 1893 = Synarmadillo c.
Periscyphis dhofarensis Taiti, Ferrara & Davolos, 2000
DISTR. – Oman.
Periscyphis erythraeus Ferrara, 1972 = Xeroniscus e.
Periscyphis felix Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
175
DISTR. – Saudi Arabia.

Periscyphis gigas Collinge, 1915 = Adinda g.
Periscyphis granai Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929b (figs.); FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: Ghiarda.
REMARKS. – The specimens described as P. granai var. arabicus by BARNARD 1941 have
been shown to belong to two different species, P. arabicus and P. barnardi (compare
TAITI & FERRARA 1986c).
Periscyphis hughscotti Barnard, 1940 = P. jannonei
Periscyphis insularis Ferrara & Taiti, 1988
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1988 (figs.); TAITI et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Oman.
Periscyphis jannonei Arcangeli, 1940
SYN. – P. hughscotti
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1940a (figs.); BARNARD 1940b; CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1969; FERRARA 1972a
(figs.), 1973b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Sudan and Ethiopia.
Periscyphis kalongensis Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: Kalonge, Ruwenzori.
Periscyphis kunenensis (Barnard, 1924) = Angaribia k.
Periscyphis lanzai Ferrara, 1973
BIBL. – FERRARA 1973a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Southern Somalia.
Periscyphis laticarpus Taiti & Ferrara, 1989
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1989b (figs.), 1991c.
DISTR. – Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.
Periscyphis latissimus Omer-Cooper, 1926
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1929b (figs.) ; FERRARA 1972a (figs.); FERRARA
& TAITI 1979.
“Periscyphis” leucocephalus Budde-Lund, 1894 = nomen dubium
Periscyphis libycus Arcangeli, 1934
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934d (figs.).
DISTR. – Libya: SE Kufra.
Periscyphis limbatus Omer-Cooper, 1926
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Southern Kenya: Kibwesi.
Periscyphis merolobatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
DISTR. – Eritrea.
Periscyphis minor Ferrara & Taiti, 1996
DISTR. – Yemen.
Periscyphis mofousensis Dalens, 1996
DISTR. – Northern Cameroon: Mandara Mountains.
Periscyphis monardi Brian, 1931 = Angaribia kunenensis
Periscyphis montanus Schmölzer, 1974
DISTR. – Kenya: Mount Kenya.
Periscyphis nanus Budde-Lund, 1898 = Microcercus n.
Periscyphis niger Schmölzer, 1974
Periscyphis nigricans Omer-Cooper, 1926
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1941 (figs.); FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Ethiopia and “Somaliland”.
Periscyphis nigromaculatus Wedenissow, 1894 = P. trivialis
Periscyphis nigropunctatus Hilgendorf, 1893 = Togarmadillo n.
Periscyphis obtusicauda Budde-Lund, 1898 = Microcercus o.
Periscyphis omanensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1991c (figs.); TAITI et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Oman.
Periscyphis pallidus Schmölzer, 1974
“Periscyphis” pilosus Arcangeli, 1939
176
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1939a (figs.); FERRARA 1972a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Arero”.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1979) this species is probably a member of the
genus Microcercus.
Periscyphis pulcher Budde-Lund, 1898
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898 (figs.), 1910; OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1974a; FERRARA
& TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Periscyphis pygmaeus Budde-Lund, 1898 = "Synarmadillo" p.
Periscyphis quadrimaculatus Budde-Lund, 1908 = P. trivialis
Periscyphis rubroantennatus Ferrara, 1974
Periscyphis ruficauda Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); JACKSON 1928a (figs.); ARCANGELI
1933d; FERRARA 1973a (figs.), 1974a; SCHMÖLZER 1974a; CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA et alii 1997; FERRARA & TAITI 1998; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania.
Periscyphis somaliensis Ferrara, 1973
Periscyphis strouhali Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929b (figs.); FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Eritrea.
Periscyphis subtransversus Omer-Cooper, 1926
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); ERHARD & SCHMALFUSS 1997 (figs.).
Periscyphis sudanensis Taiti, Ferrara & Allspach, 1997
DISTR. – Eastern Sudan.
Periscyphis tamei Omer-Cooper, 1923 = Koweitoniscus t.
Periscyphis trivialis Gerstäcker, 1873
SYN. – P. nigromaculatus, quadrimaculatus
BIBL. – GERSTÄCKER 1873; WEDENISSOW 1894; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1898, 1908, 1910; OMER-
COOPER 1926 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1932k, 1933d, 1941; FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a (figs.);
FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; FERRARA et alii 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania: Zanzibar Island.
REMARKS. – The record of this species by VANDEL 1964b pertains to P. sudanensis (compare
TAITI et alii 1997).
Periscyphis tschadensis Schmölzer, 1974
DISTR. – Chad: N’djamena.
Periscyphis undulatus Omer-Cooper, 1926
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1939a, 1940a; BARNARD 1940b; FERRARA 1972a
(figs.), 1973a; SCHMÖLZER 1974a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia; Tanzania.
Periscyphis vandeli Ferrara, 1973
Periscyphis verhoeffi Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929b (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1945b; FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a;
DISTR. – Ethiopia; Kenya.
Periscyphis villosus Budde-Lund, 1898 = Synarmadillo v.
Periscyphis vittatus Omer-Cooper, 1926
SYN. – P. chindeensis
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1926 (figs.); BARNARD 1932, 1960a; FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1986c (figs.), 1988, 1996a, 1998; KHEIRALLAH & ABBOUD 1989;
TAITI & FERRARA 1989b, 1991c, 2004 (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1997 (figs.); TAITI et alii 2000;
FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. –Arabian Peninsula; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Mozambique; Pakistan (introduced?).
Periscyphis weberi Dollfus, 1898 = Adinda w.
P e r i s c y p h o i d e s Arcangeli, 1950
Periscyphoides pictus Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Eastern Zaire: W Lake Edward.
177
P e r i s c y p h o p s Hilgendorf, 1893
Periscyphops alluaudi (Dollfus, 1892)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo a.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1899; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941b; FERRARA &
SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Periscyphops bizonatus Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1983, 1985; FERRARA &
TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982; JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea: island Bioko (= Fernando Poo).
Periscyphops brevicaudatus Richardson, 1907
DISTR. – Liberia.
Periscyphops brunneus Schmölzer, 1974
Periscyphops camerunicus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Cameroon: Mount Cameroon.
Periscyphops chopardi Paulian de Félice, 1940
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940c (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Periscyphops cooki Richardson, 1907
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907a (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941b; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976;
DISTR. – Sierra Leone; Liberia.
Periscyphops dubius Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Ghana.
Periscyphops gibbosus Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976, 1985; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Cameroon”.
REMARKS. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS (1985: 84) propose this name to be a nomen oblitum.
Periscyphops granulosus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
DISTR. – Gabon.
Periscyphops haasi Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
Periscyphops humilis Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Cabinda (N Angola); Zaire: “Katanga Nwema”.
Periscyphops kunenensis Barnard, 1924 = Angaribia k.
Periscyphops lugubris Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Southern Zaire.
Periscyphops minimus Schmölzer, 1974
Periscyphops nigricans Schmölzer, 1974
DISTR. – Tanzania: “Nara-Moru-Plain”.
Periscyphops occidentalis Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Sierra Leone.
Periscyphops ogonensis Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1985
DISTR. – Togo.
Periscyphops praeconius Budde-Lund, 1908
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1979: 160) the ascription to Periscyphops is
doubtful.
Periscyphops pseudosilvanus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
BIBL. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1985; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ghana; Nigeria.
178
Periscyphops silvanus Budde-Lund, 1899

BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1985; FERRARA & TAITI
Periscyphops squamatus Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Cameroon: “Bibundi”.
Periscyphops squamosus Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Cameroon: “Bibundi”.
Periscyphops tenellus Budde-Lund, 1899
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1899 (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Togo.
REMARKS. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS (1985: 90) consider this species a nomen oblitum.
Periscyphops triarticulatus Hilgendorf, 1893
BIBL. – HILGENDORF 1893; BUDDE-LUND 1899; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985 (figs.); FERRARA &
TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Togo.
Periscyphops variabilis Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
BIBL. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1985; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ghana and Togo.
Genus Periscyphus = Genus Periscyphis
Petroniscus dolomiticus (Verhoeff, 1908) = Oroniscus d.
P h a l a b a Budde-Lund, 1910
Crinocheta: family ?Agnaridae
Phalaba brevis Budde-Lund, 1910
Phalaba dorkai Ferrara, 1974
DISTR. – Eastern Tanzania: Uluguru Mountains.
Phalaba fusca Budde-Lund, 1910
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Gadat”.
Phalaba zambeziana Vandel, 1971 = Aphiloscia maculicornis
P h a l l o n i s c u s Budde-Lund, 1908
Crinocheta: family ?Oniscidae
Phalloniscus anomalus (Dollfus, 1890) = Oniscophiloscia a.
Phalloniscus armatus Bowley, 1935
BIBL. – BOWLEY 1935 (figs.); HURLEY 1950 (figs.), 1961; VANDEL 1977a (figs.); TAITI &
FERRARA 1996 (p. 491).
Phalloniscus avrilensis (Van Name, 1940)
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1940 (figs.); VANDEL 1952d; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1958b (figs.), 1960; SCHULTZ
1995a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Haiti.
Phalloniscus baldonii (Arcangeli, 1930)
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1930b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Costa Rica: San José.
Phalloniscus barbouri (Van Name, 1926)
SYN. – Calycuoniscus b., Trichorhina b.
BIBL. –VAN NAME 1926 (figs.), 1936, 1940; ARCANGELI 1930b; SCHULTZ 1995a; BOYKO 1997;
DISTR. – Panama.
REMARKS. – SOUZA-KURY (1997a) described specimens identified as Trichorhina barbouri
by LEMOS DE CASTRO (1967) as Trichorhina amazonica n. sp.
Phalloniscus bifidus Vandel, 1977
179

Phalloniscus bodkini (Collinge, 1915) = Calycuoniscus b.
Phalloniscus bolivianus Vandel, 1952 = Trichorhina b.
Phalloniscus bowleyi Vandel, 1977
Phalloniscus chiltoni Bowley, 1935
BIBL. – BOWLEY 1935 (figs.); HURLEY 1950 (figs.), 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
DISTR. – Auckland Islands S New Zealand.
Phalloniscus cooki (Filhol, 1885) = nomen dubium (compare VANDEL 1977a: 12)
Phalloniscus dissimilis Lemos de Castro, 1960 = Novamundoniscus d.
Phalloniscus forsteri Vandel, 1977
Phalloniscus kenepurensis (Chilton, 1901)
SYN. – Oniscus k.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; BOWLEY 1935 (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950 (figs.),
1961; VANDEL 1977a.
REMARKS. – WAHRBERG’S (1922a: 86) record of this species from Western Australia refers to
Hanoniscus monodi, according to VANDEL (1973c: 32).
Phalloniscus lamellatus Vandel, 1977
Phalloniscus langi (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Philoscia l.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Guyana.
Phalloniscus loyolai Zardo, 1989
BIBL. – ZARDO 1989 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: Paraná.
Phalloniscus macrophthalmus Lemos de Castro, 1960 = Novamundoniscus m.
Phalloniscus marcuzzii Vandel, 1952 = Novamundoniscus m.
Phalloniscus mateui Vandel, 1953
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Central Spain: province Segovia.
Phalloniscus meridionalis Araujo & Buckup, 1994
BIBL. – ARAUJO & BUCKUP 1994b (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul.
Phalloniscus minimus Vandel, 1977
Phalloniscus monodi Bowley, 1935 = Hanoniscus m.
Phalloniscus montanus Vandel, 1977
DISTR. – New Zealand: “Lake Hankerson”.
Phalloniscus nichollsi Bowley, 1935 = Hanoniscus n.
Phalloniscus occidentalis Vandel, 1977
DISTR. – New Zealand: “Lac Paringa”.
Phalloniscus pearsei (Van Name, 1936)
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Guyana.
Phalloniscus persimilis Vandel, 1952 = Novamundoniscus p.
Phalloniscus propinquus Vandel, 1977
Phalloniscus punctatus Budde-Lund, 1912 = Hanoniscus tuberculatus
Phalloniscus pygmaeus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Sardoniscus p.
Phalloniscus setosus Lemos de Castro, 1960
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: Minas Gerais.
Phalloniscus singularis Lemos de Castro, 1967 = Novamundoniscus s.
Phalloniscus spinosus (Collinge, 1917) = Calycuoniscus s.
Phalloniscus tarraconensis Vandel, 1953
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain.
Phalloniscus tuberculatus (Budde-Lund, 1912) = Hanoniscus t.
180
Phalloniscus vandeli Lemos de Castro, 1960 = Novamundoniscus v.

Phalloniscus verhoeffi Ferrara & Taiti, 1978 = Sardoniscus v.
Pherusa alba C. Koch, 1841 = Titanethes a.
P h i l o s c i a Latreille, 1804
Philoscia affinis Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – P. aprutiana, muscorum a., muscorum triangulifera, pracchiensis
Orig. descr.: VERHOEFF 1908f (P. muscorum a.).
Figs.: VERHOEFF 1908f, 1931b, 1933b, 1951a; VANDEL 1924a, 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; TAITI &
FERRARA 1980b.
Syst.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994.
Cytol., ultrastr.: ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997.
Reprod: VANDEL 1962b.
Pop. dyn.: MANICASTRI et alii 1986.
Ontog.: MATSAKIS 1955a; GRUNER 1966a.
Ecol.: VANDEL 1962b; CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970; ROGNES 1986.
Distr.: ARCANGELI 1950a (Sardinia), 1954f (I), 1956a (I); LEGRAND 1953b (F); GRUNER 1966a
(D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (I), 1995b
(I), 1996 (Corsica); SCHAWALLER & SCHMALFUSS 1983 (D); CIFUENTES 1984 (E); VIVAR et alii
1984 (E); CARUSO et alii 1987 (I, Malta); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991 (I); CRUZ 1991a (E);
MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (I); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996 (E).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – SW-Germany; France; NE-Spain; Italy; northern Croatia; northern Algeria.
Philoscia affinis calabrica Strouhal, 1937 = P. calabrica
Philoscia africana (cited in KHEIRALLAH 1975): a description of this species could not be found.
Philoscia alba Dollfus, 1898 = Pseudotyphloscia a.
Philoscia angusta (Dana, 1853) = nomen dubium
Philoscia angustata (Nicolet, 1849) = Benthana a.
Philoscia angusticauda Budde-Lund, 1885 = Burmoniscus a.
Philoscia anienana Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933b (figs.), 1951a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Philoscia annulicornis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Aphiloscia a.
Philoscia anomala Dollfus, 1890 = Oniscophiloscia a.
Philoscia apenninorum Verhoeff, 1908 = Tiroloscia a.
Philoscia aprutiana Verhoeff, 1931 = P. affinis
Philoscia argentina Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939 = Balloniscus sellowii
Philoscia aristotelis Verhoeff, 1901 = Halophiloscia couchii
Philoscia attica Verhoeff, 1901 = Chaetophiloscia a.
“Philoscia” australis Richardson, 1914
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1914; JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – Marquesas Islands (Polynesia).
Philoscia avrilensis Van Name, 1940 = Phalloniscus a.
Philoscia baldonii Arcangeli, 1930 = Phalloniscus b.
Philoscia bermudensis Dahl, 1892 = Halophiloscia couchii
Philoscia bilineata (Nicolet, 1849) = Benthana b.
Philoscia bonariensis Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939 = Halophiloscia couchii
Philoscia bonita Schultz, 1964 = Atlantoscia floridana
Philoscia brevicornis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Balloniscus b.
Philoscia brevicornis Budde-Lund, 1912 = Pseudophiloscia b.
Philoscia briani Arcangeli, 1929 = Cubanophiloscia b.
Philoscia buddelundi Richardson, 1922 = “Setaphora” b.
Philoscia buettneri Hilgendorf, 1893 = Togoscia b.
Philoscia calabrica Strouhal, 1937
SYN. – P. affinis c.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937e; ARCANGELI 1960c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
REMARKS. – ARGANO et alii (1995: 18) do not consider this a separate species.
“Philoscia” camerunica Paulian de Félice, 1940
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940b; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Philoscia cellaria Dollfus, 1884 = Chaetophiloscia c.
Philoscia cinctella Dollfus, 1898 = Burmoniscus variegatus
Philoscia cingulata Barnard, 1932 = Natalscia c.
Philoscia coeca Budde-Lund, 1894 = Burmoniscus c.
181
“Philoscia” colimensis Mulaik, 1960

BIBL. – MULAIK 1960; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: province Colima.
Philoscia comta Budde-Lund, 1894 = Burmoniscus c.
Philoscia contoyensis Mulaik, 1960 = Quintanoscia c.
Philoscia corsica Dollfus, 1888 = Tiroloscia c.
Philoscia couchii Kinahan, 1858 = Halophiloscia c.
Philoscia ctenoscioides Mulaik, 1960 = Oxalaniscus c.
Philoscia culebrae Moore, 1901 = Littorophiloscia c.
Philoscia culebroides Van Name, 1924 = Nesophiloscia c.
Philoscia dalmatica Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – P. matterensis, muscorum d.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1908a, 1908f, 1933b, 1939e (figs.), 1941d, 1951a; STROUHAL 1929a,
1937a, 1938b; ARCANGELI 1952h; KARAMAN 1966b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b,
1990c (figs.); CARUSO & BRANDMAYR 1983; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995;
DISTR. – SE-Italy: Bari; Sicily; Croatia: southern Dalmatia; Greece: northwestern Aegean
coast and Peloponnese.
Philoscia dartevellei Brian, 1953 = Littorophiloscia culebrae
Philoscia debilis Budde-Lund, 1893 = nomen dubium (see Leistikow 2001f).
SYN. – Ischioscia d.
DISTR. – “Venezuela”.
Philoscia demarcata Barnard, 1932= Barnardoscia d.
“Philoscia” demerarae Van Name, 1925
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1925, 1936; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Guyana.
Philoscia dilectum Collinge, 1917 = Aphiloscia vilis
Philoscia diminuta Budde-Lund, 1893 = nomen dubium (see LEISTIKOW 2001f)
DISTR. – “Venezuela”.
“Philoscia” dobakholi Chopra, 1924
BIBL. – CHOPRA 1924a.
DISTR. – Eastern India: Assam, Garo Hills.
Philoscia dominicana (Arcangeli, 1932) = Pentoniscus d.
“Philoscia” ehrenbergii Brandt, 1833
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; MILNE-EDWARDS 1840; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909b.
DISTR. – Egypt.
Philoscia elbana Verhoeff, 1931 = Sardoniscus pygmaeus
“Philoscia” elephantina Paulian de Félice, 1940
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940b; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Philoscia elongata Dollfus, 1884 = Chaetophiloscia e.
Philoscia esterelana Verhoeff, 1916 = Tiroloscia e.
Philoscia exigua Budde-Lund, 1885 = Tiroloscia e.
Philoscia fasciata Jackson, 1933 = Australophiloscia societatis
Philoscia faucium Verhoeff, 1918 = nomen dubium (from Algeria, only females described and
thus not to be identified)
Philoscia fischeri L. Koch, 1901 = Lepidoniscus minutus
Philoscia flava Budde-Lund, 1913 = Laevophiloscia f.
Philoscia floridana Van Name, 1940 = Atlantoscia f.
Philoscia formosa Mulaik, 1960 = Androdeloscia f. (compare LEISTIKOW 2000b)
Philoscia fragilis (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Pseudophiloscia f.
Philoscia gatunensis Van Name, 1926 = "Chaetophiloscia" g.
“Philoscia” geayi Paulian de Félice, 1944
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1944a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – French Guiana.
“Philoscia” geiseri Van Name, 1936
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Philoscia germanica Verhoeff, 1896 = Lepidoniscus minutus
“Philoscia” gracilior Paulian de Félice, 1944
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1944a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – French Guiana.
Philoscia gracilis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Paraphiloscia g.
Philoscia gravosensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Chaetophiloscia g.
Philoscia guernei Dollfus, 1887 = Chaetophiloscia g.
“Philoscia” guerrerensis Mulaik, 1960
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
182
DISTR. – Mexico: province Guerrero.

Philoscia guttulata Gerstäcker, 1873 = Aphiloscia g.
Philoscia heroldi Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936b, 1951a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Philoscia hirsuta Budde-Lund, 1906 = Nahia h.
Philoscia illyrica Verhoeff, 1901 = Chaetophiloscia i.
“Philoscia” incerta Arcangeli, 1932
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932d (figs.); VAN NAME 1936, 1940; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Lesser Antilles: Dominica and Guadeloupe.
“Philoscia” incurva Budde-Lund, 1902
DISTR. – “Malay Peninsula: Patalung”.
Philoscia inquilina Van Name, 1936 = Formicascia i.
Philoscia italica Verhoeff, 1901 = Chaetophiloscia cellaria
“Philoscia” jacobsoni Richardson, 1922
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1922b (figs.).
DISTR. – Java.
Philoscia javanensis Richardson, 1922 = Burmoniscus j.
Philoscia kartaboana Van Name, 1936 = Yaerikima k.
Philoscia lagoi Arcangeli, 1934 = Chaetophiloscia l.
Philoscia langi Van Name, 1936 = Phalloniscus l.
“Philoscia” lata Paulian de Félice, 1940
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
“Philoscia” lifuensis Stebbing, 1900
BIBL. – STEBBING 1900b (figs.); JACKSON 1941.
“Philoscia” lodnensis Ramakrishna, 1969
BIBL. – RAMAKRISHNA 1969 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-India: Bihar.
REMARKS. – From the description it can be any species of the Philosciidae.
Philoscia longicornis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Halophiloscia couchii
Philoscia longistila Costa, 1883 = Halophiloscia couchii
“Philoscia” lubricata Budde-Lund, 1894
DISTR. – Burma.
Philoscia macchiae Verhoeff, 1931 = Tiroloscia m.
Philoscia maculata Budde-Lund, 1885 = Balloniscus m.
Philoscia maculicornis Budde-Lund, 1898 = Aphiloscia m.
Philoscia madida (C. Koch, 1841) = Lepidoniscus minutus
Philoscia marginata Barnard, 1932 = Aphiloscia maculicornis
Philoscia marmorata Brandt, 1833 = P. muscorum
Philoscia matterensis Verhoeff, 1939 = P. dalmatica
“Philoscia” mendica Budde-Lund, 1898
DISTR. – Uganda (?): “Ruwenzori (= Runsoro)”.
Philoscia miamiensis Schultz, 1966 = Littorophiloscia culebrae
Philoscia mina Budde-Lund, 1885 = Natalscia m.
Philoscia mineri Van Name, 1936 = Ischioscia m.
Philoscia minima Dollfus, 1892 = Ctenoscia m.
Philoscia minuta (C. Koch, 1838) = Lepidoniscus m.
Philoscia minutissima Boone, 1918 = Porcellionides m.
Philoscia molisia Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933b (figs.), 1940a, 1940d, 1942g, 1944, 1951a, 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
Philoscia molisia univittata Strouhal, 1937 = P. univittata
Philoscia moneaguensis Van Name, 1936 = nomen dubium (see LEISTIKOW 2001f)
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Jamaica.
Philoscia moulmeinus (Collinge, 1914) = Burmoniscus coecus
Philoscia muscorum (Scopoli, 1763)
SYN. – Oniscus agilis C. Koch, m., sylvestris, P. marmorata, sylvestris, Pseudoniscus
neglectus
Orig. descr.: SCOPOLI 1763 (Oniscus m.).
Descr.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; LEISTIKOW 2001c.
Figs.: SARS 1898; VERHOEFF 1936b; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMALFUSS 1990c;
LEISTIKOW 2001c.
183
Syst.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; LEISTIKOW 2001c.

Morph.: JACKSON 1928a; UNWIN 1932; VANDEL 1943; HASSALL 1977a; HOESE 1981, 1984d, 1989;
HOESE & JANSSEN 1989; ZIMMER 1998; LEISTIKOW 2001c.
Anat.: LEGRAND 1942a.
Physiol.: EIJSACKERS 1978.
Reprod.: MEINERTZ 1950a; VANDEL 1962b.
Pop. dyn.: SUTTON 1968; SUNDERLAND et alii 1976; DAVIS 1984.
Ontog.: SUTTON 1970a; GRUNDY & SUTTON 1989.
Behav.: CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1956b; DAVIS et alii 1977; HASSALL et alii 1992.
Life history: HEELEY 1941a; SUTTON et alii 1984.
Nutr.: HASSALL & JENNINGS 1975; HASSALL 1977a, 1977b; HASSALL & RUSHTON 1984; BIZÉ &
CÉLÉRIER 1986; CÉLÉRIER & GEOFFROY 1988; ZIMMER 1998.
Ecol.: VANDEL 1962b; DAVIS et alii 1977; HASSALL & SUTTON 1978, 1988; SUNDERLAND & SUTTON
1980; MOLFETAS 1982; HASSALL 1983, 1996; DAVIS 1984; GRUNDY & SUTTON 1989; HASSALL
& DANGERFIELD 1989; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; HASSALL & DAVIS 1992; SASTRODIHARDJO &
VAN STRAELEN 1993; JUDAS & HAUSER 1998; ZIMMER 2003.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); POLK 1957 (B, map), 1959a (B); FRANKENBERGER
1959 (former CS); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); VANDEL 1962b (F); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK,
map); GRUNER 1966a (D); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); TAITI & FERRARA
1989c (I); SCHMALFUSS 1990c (GR, map); ALLSPACH 1992 (D); MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (I);
WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); KONTSCHÁN 2001b (H); KONTSCHÁN & BERCZIK 2004 (H).
DISTR. – Europe from southern Norway and Sweden, northwestern Poland, to central
Greece, northern Italy and southern France. Records from Portugal, Spain and ex-
Yugoslavia are based on females and need confirmation. ?Introduced to North America.
Philoscia muscorum affinis Verhoeff, 1908 = P. affinis
Philoscia muscorum algirica Dollfus, 1896 = nomen dubium (according to VANDEL 1962b
conspecific with P. affinis)
Philoscia muscorum dalmatica Verhoeff, 1901 = P. dalmatica
Philoscia muscorum triangulifera Verhoeff, 1918 = P. affinis
“Philoscia” nebulosa Paulian de Félice, 1940
Philoscia nigricans Budde-Lund, 1885 = Balloniscus n.
Philoscia nitida (Miers, 1877) = nomen dubium (see Ischioscia n.)
Philoscia nomae Van Name, 1924 = Nesophiloscia culebroides
Philoscia notata Waga, 1857 = Hyloniscus riparius
“Philoscia” novaezelandiae Filhol, 1885
BIBL. – FILHOL 1885; CHILTON 1901; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
Philoscia ocellata Barnard, 1960 = Anchiphiloscia o.
Philoscia olfersii Brandt, 1833 = Benthana o.
Philoscia oliveri Chilton, 1911 = Okeaninoscia o.
Philoscia omissa Van Name, 1936 = Parischioscia o.
Philoscia pallida Dollfus, 1898 = “Setaphora” p.
Philoscia paraguayana Van Name, 1936 = Balloniscus p.
Philoscia patiencei Bagnall, 1908 = “Setaphora” p.
Philoscia paulensis Moreira, 1927 = Balloniscus sellowii
Philoscia pauper (Jackson, 1926) = Benthanoides p.
Philoscia pearsei Van Name, 1936 = Phalloniscus p.
Philoscia penteliconensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Chaetophiloscia p.
“Philoscia” persona Jackson, 1938
DISTR. – Polynesia: Austral Islands.
Philoscia picta Brandt, 1833 = Benthana p.
Philoscia pracchiensis Verhoeff, 1933 = P. affinis
Philoscia pruinosa Carl, 1908 = Lepidoniscus p.
Philoscia pruinosa (Richardson, 1913) = Pentoniscus p.
Philoscia pseudocellaria Arcangeli, 1934 = Chaetophiloscia cellaria
“Philoscia” pubescens (Dana, 1853)
SYN. – Oniscus p., Paraphiloscia p.
BIBL. – DANA 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885; CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY
1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a; SCOTT 1984.
Philoscia pulchella Budde-Lund, 1885 = Chaetophiloscia elongata
Philoscia pygmaea Budde-Lund, 1885 = Sardoniscus p.
Philoscia pyrenaica Dollfus, 1897 = Tiroloscia p.
Philoscia rafflesii Jackson, 1936 = “Setaphora” r.
184
Philoscia reducta (Barnard, 1958) = Perinetia r.

Philoscia richardsonae Holmes & Gay, 1909 = Littorophiloscia r.
Philoscia richmondi Richardson, 1901 = Portoricoscia r.
Philoscia robusta Schultz, 1963 = Littorophiloscia vittata
Philoscia roraimae Van Name, 1936 = Roraimoscia r.
Philoscia rouxi (Verhoeff, 1926) = Laevophiloscia r.
“Philoscia” sacchari David, 1965
BIBL. – DAVID 1965.
DISTR. – India: "Tanjore District".
REMARKS. – The description of this species applies to nearly every species of terrestrial
isopod.
Philoscia salina Baker, 1926 = Haloniscus searlei
“Philoscia” sassandrai Paulian de Félice, 1940
Philoscia sellowii Brandt, 1833 = Balloniscus s.
Philoscia seriepunctata Budde-Lund, 1893 = nomen dubium (see LEISTIKOW 2001f)
Philoscia silvestris (Fabricius, 1793) = P. muscorum
Philoscia simplex Verhoeff, 1951
Philoscia societatis Maccagno, 1932 = Australophiloscia s.
Philoscia solerii Arcangeli, 1937 = Chaetophiloscia cellaria
“Philoscia” spinosa Say, 1818
BIBL. – SAY 1818; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
“Philoscia” squamosa Jackson, 1938
DISTR. – Polynesia: Austral Islands.
Philoscia squamuligera Koelbel, 1895 = Tiroloscia exigua
Philoscia suarezi Dollfus, 1895 = Anchiphiloscia s.
Philoscia subterranea Budde-Lund, 1912 = Laevophiloscia s.
Philoscia sundaica Dollfus, 1898 = “Setaphora” s.
Philoscia sylvestris Latreille, 1804 = Ph. muscorum
“Philoscia” tenuissima Collinge, 1915
DISTR. – SE-India: Madras.
Philoscia triangulifera Verhoeff, 1918 = P. affinis
Philoscia truncata Dollfus, 1898 = “Setaphora” t.
“Philoscia” truncatella Budde-Lund, 1902
DISTR. – Malaysia: “Gunong Inas, Perak”.
Philoscia tuberculata Stimpson, 1856 = Porcellio scaber
Philoscia univittata Strouhal, 1937
SYN. – P. molisia u.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937e (figs.); ARCANGELI 1947a, 1952a, 1952h; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1990c (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – SE-Italy: Gargano; Albania; NW-Greece and Crete.
Philoscia variegata Dollfus, 1893 = Ischioscia v.
Philoscia variegata Dollfus, 1898 = Burmoniscus v.
“Philoscia” veracruzana Mulaik, 1960
DISTR. – Mexico: province Veracruz.
Philoscia vilis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Aphiloscia v.
Philoscia villosa (Jackson, 1926) = Benthanoides villosus
Philoscia vittata Say, 1818 = Littorophiloscia v.
Philoscia walkeri Pearse, 1916 = nomen dubium (see LEISTIKOW 2001f)
Philoscia warreni Collinge, 1917 = Natalscia mina
“Philoscia” weberi Dollfus, 1898
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c (figs.).
DISTR. – Sumatra.
Philoscia williamsi Van Name, 1924 = Nesophiloscia culebroides
P h i l o s c i n a Ferrara & Taiti, 1985

185
Philoscina incisa Ferrara & Taiti, 1985

DISTR. – South Africa: eastern Natal.
Philoscina insularis Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Philoscina natalis Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
DISTR. – South Africa: southwestern Natal.
Philougria celer Kinahan, 1857 = Trichoniscus pusillus

Philougria marina Chilton, 1885 = Deto m.
Philougria nitida Miers, 1877 = Ischioscia n.
Philougria riparia Kinahan, 1858 = Trichoniscus pusillus
Philougria rosea (C. Koch, 1838) = Androniscus r.
Philougria thomsoni Chilton, 1885 = Styloniscus t.
Genus Philygria = Genus Philougria
P h y l l o n i s c u s Purcell, 1903
Phylloniscus braunsi Purcell, 1903
BIBL. – PURCELL 1903 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); KENSLEY 1971 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI
1979.
Phylloniscus contractus Kensley, 1971
DISTR. – Namibia: near Swakopmund.
Phyloscia violacea Filhol, 1885 = Scyphax ornatus
P h y m a t o n i s c u s Racovitza, 1908
Phymatoniscus helenae Vandel, 1924 = P. tuberculatus
Phymatoniscus propinquus (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – Trichoniscus p.
BIBL. – CARL 1908b (figs.); VANDEL 1947c, 1948f (map), 1960a (p. 230, figs.); VANDEL et alii
1946.
Phymatoniscus tolosanus Vandel, 1924 = P. tuberculatus
Phymatoniscus tuberculatus (Racovitza, 1907)
SYN. – P. helenae, tolosanus, Trichoniscoides t.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907a (figs.), 1908 (p. 348); VANDEL 1924a (figs.), 1925b, 1943 (p. 85,
figs.), 1947c, 1948c, 1948f (map), 1950h, 1953f (figs.), 1960a (p. 236, figs.); ARCANGELI
1935e; LEGRAND 1942f; SCHMÖLZER 1971; TABACARU 1993a (figs.).
P l a t a n o s p h a e r a Strouhal , 1956
Platanosphaera ariadnae (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Platanosphoera ariadni, Troglarmadillidium a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b, 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1979b; ANDREEV 1986b;
SFENTHOURAKIS 1993a; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs., map).
DISTR. – Southern Greece: ?islets around island Antikíthira; western Crete.
Platanosphaera beieri (Strouhal, 1956)
SYN. – Platanosphoera b., Troglarmadillidium b.
Platanosphaera cavernarum (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Armadillidium c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b, 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 2000b; SCHMALFUSS et
alii 2004 (figs., map).
REMARKS. – The species is not conspecific with Troglarmadillidium ariadnae, as it was
suggested in SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
Platanosphaera gavdensis (Schmalfuss, 1972)
SYN. – Cristarmadillidium g., Troglarmadillidium g.
186
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1972c, 1975b, 1979b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs., map).
DISTR. – Southern Greece: western Crete and island Gávdos S Crete.
Platanosphaera halophila (Sfenthourakis, 1993)
SYN. – Troglarmadillidium h.
BIBL. – Sfenthourakis 1993 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Southern Greece: island Antikíthira NW Crete.
Platanosphaera kournasensis Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004
DISTR. – Southern Greece: western Crete.
Platanosphoera ariadni Vandel, 1958 = Platanosphaera ariadnae

Platanosphoera beieri (Strouhal, 1956) = Platanosphaera b.
P l a t a o n i s c u s Leistikow, 2001
Crinocheta: family Balloniscidae
Plataoniscus argentinus (Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939) = Balloniscus sellowii
Plataoniscus borellii (Dollfus, 1897)
SYN. – Alloniscus b., Balloniscus b.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1897b; VAN NAME 1936, 1942; GIAMBIAGI DE CALABRESE 1939; ARCANGELI
1958b (figs.); VANDEL 1963a (figs.), 1981; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001e.
DISTR. – Western Bolivia; northern Argentina.
Plataoniscus griseus (Dollfus, 1897)
SYN. – Alloniscus g., Balloniscus g.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1897b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1958b; VANDEL 1963a, 1981;
DISTR. – NW-Argentina.
P l a t y a r t h r u s Brandt, 1833
Platyarthrus acropyga Chopra, 1924
BIBL. – CHOPRA 1924b (figs.); VANDEL 1962b; STROUHAL 1968c.
REMARKS. – This form belongs to the group of P. schoblii sensu latu (see VANDEL 1962b:
453) otherwise known from the Mediterranean region and probably has been introduced
to India.
Platyarthrus adonis Verhoeff, 1942 = P. sorrentinus
Platyarthrus aiasensis Legrand, 1954
SYN. – P. schoeblii a.
BIBL. – LEGRAND 1954a (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (p. 456, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO
1968a, 1968b (figs.), 1968c (figs.), 1970a, 1973a, 1973c, 1974, 1976; CARUSO & LOMBARDO
1976, 1982, 1995; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b, 1996a; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1996;
CARUSO et alii 1987; GARTHWAITE & TAITI 1989; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; CRUZ
1991b; ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Canary Islands; Madeira; Atlantic coast of SW-France; NE-Spain; Balearic Islands;
Corsica; Sardinia; central Italy: Tuscany; Sicily and surrounding islands; Malta.
Introduced to USA (California, Texas), St. Barthelemy (Caribbean), Yemen, and South
Africa.
Platyarthrus almanus Verhoeff, 1949
SYN. – P. schoeblii a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1949a (figs.); VANDEL 1955f; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; SCHMALFUSS
1986d; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Western and southern Turkey; Lebanon; northern Israel.
Platyarthrus armenicus Borutzky, 1976
SYN. – P. schobli [sic] a.
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1976b (figs.).
DISTR. – Southernmost Armenia: Megri.
Platyarthrus atanassovi Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936a, 1941a; RADU, V. G. 1951b (figs.); RADU, V. V. 1961 (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ANDREEV 1972; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey.
Platyarthrus beieri Strouhal, 1954
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1954b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999; SFENTHOURAKIS
1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian Islands, Peloponnese, Cyclades Islands, Crete.
Platyarthrus briani Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – P. schoeblii b.
187
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.), 1933b, 1936a, 1941a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1970a (figs.,
map), 1973a; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy and Sicily.
Platyarthrus briani inquilinus Verhoeff, 1949 = P. inquilinus
Platyarthrus caudatus Aubert & Dollfus, 1890
SYN. – P. squamatus
BIBL. – AUBERT & DOLLFUS 1890; DOLLFUS 1896b; VERHOEFF 1908e, 1931b, 1933b, 1942g,
1944; ARCANGELI 1921, 1924e, 1929c, 1950a; VANDEL 1954n, 1962b (p. 457, figs.), 1969c;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1968b, 1970a (figs.), 1973a, 1973c; ARGANO & PESCE 1974;
CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1976, 1982; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c,
1996; HOESE 1981, 1984c; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; CRUZ
1991b; ARGANO et alii 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Western Mediterranean, east to Italy.
Platyarthrus codinai Arcangeli, 1924
SYN. – P. schoeblii c., schoeblii lusitanus
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1924b; VANDEL 1946b, 1962b (p. 454, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Portugal; northern Spain; Balearic Islands; southeastern France; Sardinia.
Platyarthrus coronatus Radu, 1959
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1959b (figs.); RADU, V. V. 1961 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ANDREEV
1972.
DISTR. – Romania; Bulgaria.
REMARKS. – Possibly identical with P. lindbergi from Greece.
Platyarthrus corsicus Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
DISTR. – Corsica.
Platyarthrus costulatus Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – P. nabeleki
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e, 1931b, 1932b, 1933b, 1936b; ARCANGELI 1921, 1924e, 1950a,
1952h; FRANKENBERGER 1939d; SCHMÖLZER 1955b, 1965b, 1971; VANDEL 1962b (p. 460,
figs.); ARGANO & PESCE 1975; SCHMALFUSS 1977b, 1999; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.);
TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b, 1996; MANICASTRI et alii 1986; CARUSO et alii 1987;
ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993, 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995;
CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1995.
DISTR. – Atlantic coast of France; western Mediterranean region, east to Greek island
Kérkira (= Corfu).
Platyarthrus costulatus lerinensis Vandel, 1957 = P. lerinensis
Platyarthrus dalmaticus Verhoeff, 1908 = P. schoblii
Platyarthrus dobrogicus Radu, 1951
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1951b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Romania: coast of Black Sea.
Platyarthrus dollfusi Verhoeff, 1901 = P. hoffmannseggii
Platyarthrus esterelanus Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – P. schoeblii e.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.); VANDEL 1962b (p. 453, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO et
alii 1987.
DISTR. – Southern France; Malta.
Platyarthrus haplophthalmoides Arcangeli, 1932
SYN. – P. schoeblii h.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932l (figs.); VANDEL 1948g; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii Brandt, 1833
SYN. – Itea crassicornis, P. dollfusi, Typhloniscus steinii
Descr., figs.: SCHÖBL 1860b; SARS 1898; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: KINAHAN 1859; MATHES 1956; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Morph.: SCHÖBL 1860b; KINAHAN 1859; JACKSON 1928a; MÖDLINGER 1931; UNWIN 1932;
MEINERTZ 1934; MATHES 1956; RADU, V. V. 1961.
Anat.: WENIG 1903.
Sense organs: ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b; LATTIN 1939b.
Cuticle, molt: SCHMALFUSS 1977b, 1978b, 1983c; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; HOLDICH 1984.
Glands: HEROLD 1913; MACCAGNO 1954; GORVETT & TAYLOR 1960.
Reprod.: MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Ontog.: WILLIAMS & FRANKS 1988.
Behav.: BROOKS 1942; MATHES & STROUHAL 1954; WILLIAMS & FRANKS 1988.
Life history: SUTTON et alii 1984.
Ecol.: CRAWLEY 1910; STANDEN, R. 1912; O’ROURKE 1950; MATHES & STROUHAL 1954; VANDEL
1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; BUSSMANN & FELDMANN 2001.
188
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); STANDEN, R. 1909 (GB); PACK-BERESFORD & FOSTER 1911 (Ireland, map);
VERHOEFF 1941a (TR); BROOKS 1942 (N-America); VANDEL 1962b (F); MEINERTZ 1964
(DK); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map);
SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E); SCHMALFUSS 1979b (GR); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (GB, map); TAITI &
FERRARA 1989c (I); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); ANDREEV 2002 (BG).
DISTR. – Europe; North Africa; Asia Minor. Introduced to North America.
Platyarthrus inquilinus Verhoeff, 1949
SYN. – P. briani i., schoeblii i.
DISTR. – Western Turkey: Asiatic coast of Sea of Marmara.
REMARKS. – Probably conspecific with P. schoblii.
Platyarthrus kislarensis Verhoeff, 1941
SYN. – P. messorum k., schoeblii k.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a; VANDEL 1955f (figs.), 1965d; SCHMALFUSS 1986d.
DISTR. – SW-Turkey; Lebanon.
Platyarthrus kosswigii Verhoeff, 1949
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1949a (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967.
DISTR. – NW-Turkey.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with P. hoffmannseggii.
Platyarthrus lerinensis Vandel, 1957
SYN. – P. costulatus l.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957h, 1962b (p. 462, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973a; FERRARA &
TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982
(figs.); CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Mediterranean France; Italy: island Montecristo and Sicily with surrounding
islands; Maltese Islands.
Platyarthrus lindbergi Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b;
DISTR. – Greece.
REMARKS. – Possibly identical with P. coronatus from Bulgaria and Romania.
Platyarthrus luppovae Borutzky, 1953
REMARKS. – According to the figures not a member of the present genus.
Platyarthrus maderensis Vandel, 1960
SYN. – P. schoeblii m.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Platyarthrus mesasiaticus Borutzky, 1976
Platyarthrus messorum Verhoeff, 1936 = P. schoblii
Platyarthrus messorum kislarensis Verhoeff, 1941 = P. kislarensis
Platyarthrus myrmicidarum Verhoeff, 1942 = P. schoblii
Platyarthrus nabeleki Frankenberger, 1939 = P. costulatus
Platyarthrus ocellatus Borutzky, 1953
Platyarthrus parisii Arcangeli, 1930
SYN. – P. schoeblii p.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1930a (figs.), 1958a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Canary Islands.
REMARKS. – The specimens from Madeira are described as a separate species P.
maderensis Vandel, 1960.
Platyarthrus reticulatus Radu, 1959 = P. schoblii
Platyarthrus schoblii Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Armadilloniscus cecconii, P. dalmaticus, messorum, myrmicidarum, reticulatus,
stadleri
Descr., figs.: VERHOEFF 1908e, 1936a, 1942g; ARCANGELI 1921; DEMIANOWICZ 1934; STROUHAL
1939b; VANDEL 1946b, 1962b; RADU, V. G. 1959b; KARAMAN 1961.
Syst.: VERHOEFF 1936a; VANDEL 1962b; STROUHAL 1968c; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000; JEPPESEN
2000.
Morph.: RADU, V. V. 1961.
Cuticle, molt: SCHMALFUSS 1977b.
Ecol.: TARTALLY et alii 2004.
189
Distr.: VERHOEFF 1936a (BG), 1949a (TR); ARCANGELI 1950c (I); VANDEL 1955f and 1965a
(Lebanon), 1962b (F), 1968a (Azores); RADU, V. G. 1959b (RO); STROUHAL 1968c (TR,
Cyprus); SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E); SCHULTZ 1971 (N-America); PRETZMANN 1974 (Israel);
STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975 (Israel); SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1981a, 1999 (GR); CIFUENTES
1984 (E); POLLO ZORITA 1986a (E); CARUSO et alii 1987 (Sicily, Malta, map); TAITI &
FERRARA 1989c (I), 1996 (Corsica and general); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995 (I);
CRUZ 1991a (E); GARCIA & CRUZ 1993, 1996 (Balearic Islands); SFENTHOURAKIS 1993a,
1996b (GR); CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1995 (island Pantelleria SW Sicily); PONS et alii 1999
(Morocco); WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999 (Israel); KORSÓS et alii 2002 (H); SCHMALFUSS et alii
2004 (Crete); TAITI & FERRARA 2004 (Socotra); TARTALLY et alii 2004 (H).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b; STROUHAL 1968c.
DISTR. – Macaronesian Islands; Mediterranean region and the Black Sea coasts.
REMARKS. – The systematic situation of the Platyarthrus-schoblii-complex is obscure.
Some authors consider a number of forms which are listed here as separate species (e. g.
esterelanus, kislarensis, codinai) as subspecies of P. schoblii. Further extensive research
is necessary to clarify the systematics of this species-group.
Platyarthrus simoni Dollfus, 1893 = Trichorhina s.
Platyarthrus sorrentinus Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – P. adonis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.), 1940d, 1942g (figs.), 1944, 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO
et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: region around Naples, including island Ischia.
Platyarthrus squamatus Verhoeff, 1908 = P. caudatus
Platyarthrus stadleri Karaman, 1961 = P. schoblii
Platyarthrus stygius (Joseph, 1882) see Typhloniscus s.
P l a t y b u r m o n i s c u s Schmidt, 2000
Platyburmoniscus granulatus (Manicastri & Taiti, 1987)
SYN. – Platycytoniscus g.
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & TAITI 1987 (figs.); SCHMIDT 2000b (figs.).
P l a t y c y t o n i s c u s Herold, 1931
Platycytoniscus granulatus Manicastri & Taiti, 1987 = Platyburmoniscus g.
Platycytoniscus spinosus Herold, 1931
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a; SCHMIDT 2000b (figs.!!), 2002, 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: islands Bali and Flores.
P l e o p o d o s c i a Verhoeff, 1942
Pleopodoscia isabelensis Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI &
FERRARA 1980a; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1985 (figs.).
Pleopodoscia maculata Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1984; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1984) this name as well as the following three
might be synonyms of Afrophiloscia uncinata.
Pleopodoscia moundoua Schmölzer, 1974
DISTR. – Tanzania: near Moundou.
Pleopodoscia oldongis Schmölzer, 1974
Pleopodoscia pallida Schmölzer, 1974
Pleopodoscia uncinata Ferrara, 1974 = Anchiphiloscia u.
Pleurocyphoniscus bertkaui Verhoeff, 1901 = Calconiscellus b.

Pleurocyphoniscus karawankianus Verhoeff, 1908 = Calconiscellus k.
P l u m a s i c o l a Vandel, 1981
190
Plumasicola orghidani Vandel, 1981

DISTR. – Cuba: province Matanzas.
P l y m o p h i l o s c i a Wahrberg, 1922
Plymophiloscia ashtoni Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – SE-Australia: near Melbourne.
Plymophiloscia guttata Wahrberg, 1922
Plymophiloscia maxima Wahrberg, 1922
Plymophiloscia montana Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.); JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1973c.
Plymophiloscia notleyensis Green, 1961
Plymophiloscia tasmaniensis Green, 1961
Plymophiloscia thomsoni Green, 1961
Plymophiloscia ulverstonensis Green, 1961
P o l y a c a n t h u s Budde-Lund, 1909
Polyacanthus aculeatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo a., Diploexochus a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); BARNARD 1932; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a; ARCANGELI
1950b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1975a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983
(figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Cabinda (N Angola).
Polyacanthus transvaalensis Barnard, 1932
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1950b; LAWRENCE 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
P o n d o Barnard, 1937
Pondo poweri (Barnard, 1937)
DISTR. – South Africa: Pondoland and Natal.
Genus Porcellidium = Genus Porcellium
P o r c e l l i o Latreille, 1804
Porcellio achilleionensis Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – P. epirensis, laevis a., peloponnesius
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901e, 1907b, 1910, 1928d (figs.), 1938d (figs.); STROUHAL 1929a, 1936a
(figs.), 1936b, 1937a, 1938b, 1954b (figs.), 1966a; ARCANGELI 1952a; SCHMALFUSS 1975b,
1979b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b.
DISTR. – Albania; western Greece from Kérkira and Epirus to western Peloponnese.
REMARKS. – Contrary to SCHMALFUSS (1975b, 1979b) SFENTHOURAKIS (1992b) considers P.
epirensis a separate species.
Porcellio acutiserra Barnard, 1940
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “lakes of Addas, shores of Hora Harsadi”.
Porcellio advena Stuxberg, 1872 = Porcellionides a.
191
Porcellio aegaeus Verhoeff, 1907 = Trachelipus a.

Porcellio aemulus Stein, 1859 = Trachelipus nodulosus
Porcellio aetnensis Verhoeff, 1908 = Trachelipus planarius
Porcellio affinis C. Koch, 1841 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio aghousi Paulian de Félice, 1939
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a (figs.).
Porcellio albanicus Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1909; ARCANGELI 1914b, 1952a (figs.).
DISTR. – Albania.
REMARKS. – If ARCANGELI’s identification (1952a) is correct, this is not a species of
Trachelipus as suggested by KARAMAN 1966b and SCHMIDT 1997. According to ARCANGELI’s
figures it is a species of the Porcellio obsoletus-group and possibly a synonym of P.
obsoletus.
Porcellio albicornis (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Lucasius a.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896f; VERHOEFF 1908f, 1933b, 1938d; ARCANGELI 1914b; CARUSO et alii
1987; VIGLIANISI et alii 1992; MAIO 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sicily and Eolian Islands; northern Tunisia.
Porcellio albinus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. hirtipes
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; SIMON 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b, 1904; MONOD 1932 (figs.); PAULIAN DE
FÉLICE 1939a, 1940a; VANDEL 1950g; ARCANGELI 1958a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; HOESE
1984c; MAIO & CARUSO 1991a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Algeria; Tunisia; Niger: Aïr; Libya.
Porcellio albipennis Budde-Lund, 1913 = Tura a.
Porcellio albolimbatus Verhoeff, 1907 = P. olivieri
Porcellio albomarginatus Vogl, 1876 = P. flavomarginatus
Porcellio alexandrinus Brandt, 1833
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833.
REMARKS. – A doubtful name, probably conspecific with some other species of Porcellio
from the region.
Porcellio alluaudi Dollfus, 1893
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893c; VANDEL 1954k (figs.); ARCANGELI 1958a; HOESE 1984c; RODRÍGUEZ &
VICENTE 1992a (figs.); MEDINI & CHARFI-CHEIKHROUHA 1998; MACÍAS et alii 2003.
DISTR. – Canary Islands; SW-Morocco.
Porcellio almanus Verhoeff, 1949 = P. cilicius
Porcellio alpinus Am Stein, 1857
BIBL. – AM STEIN 1857; BUDDE-LUND 1885.
DISTR. – Northern Switzerland.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of another species of central Europe.
Porcellio alpinus Mulaik & Mulaik, 1943 (nomen praeocc.)
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1943 (figs.).
REMARKS. – Probably identical with P. scaber.
Porcellio alticola Vandel, 1940
SYN. – P. monticola a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1940b, 1951a, 1958f (map), 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – SW-France: Massif du Canigou.
Porcellio amoenus C. Koch, 1841 = Protracheoniscus politus
Porcellio amoenus Dollfus, 1892 = P. violaceus
Porcellio anagae Hoese, 1985
BIBL. – HOESE 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Tenerife.
Porcellio anatolicus Arcangeli, 1938 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio ancararum Rodríguez & Vicente, 1992
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ & VICENTE 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Lanzarote.
Porcellio andreinii Arcangeli, 1913
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1913; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: Grosseto.
Porcellio andrius Strouhal, 1937 = P. flavomarginatus
Porcellio angusta Budde-Lund, 1913 = Tura a.
Porcellio angustulus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; SCHMALFUSS 1989b (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio apulicus (Arcangeli, 1932) = Porcellionides a.
Porcellio arcuatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Trachelipus a.
192
Porcellio argentarius Schmölzer, 1971 = nomen nudum

Porcellio argentinus Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939 = Neotroponiscus a.
Porcellio armadillioides Lereboullet, 1853 = Cylisticus convexus
Porcellio asiaticus Uljanin, 1875 = Protracheoniscus a.
Porcellio asper C. Koch, 1847 = P. scaber
“Porcellio” assamensis Chopra, 1924
BIBL. – CHOPRA 1924a (figs.); RAMAKRISHNA 1971; MITTAL & PAHWA 1980.
DISTR. – NE-India: Assam.
REMARKS. – Certainly not a Porcellio and probably a Nagurus.
Porcellio assimilis Strouhal, 1957 = P. barroisi
Porcellio ater Budde-Lund, 1896 = Trachelipus a.
Porcellio atlanteus Verhoeff, 1937
SYN. – P. herculis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1937a, 1938a; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
SCHMALFUSS 1987d (figs.), 1989b.
Porcellio atlanticus Arcangeli, 1936 = Porcellionides buddelundi
Porcellio atlantidum Paulian de Félice, 1939
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939b; VANDEL 1957c, 1959a, 1960b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1958a;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; SCHMALFUSS 1989f.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio atticus Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d (figs.); STROUHAL 1929a.
Porcellio auritus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1892b, 1896b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Spain; ?northern Algeria.
REMARKS. – A doubtful species, probably identical with some other species from southern
Spain. The specimens from Algeria probably will prove to be a different species.
Porcellio aztecus Saussure, 1857 = P. laevis
Porcellio babilonus Rodríguez & Barrientos, 1993
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993a (figs.).
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Gran Canaria.
Porcellio baeticensis Vandel, 1953
SYN. – P. incanus b.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1953h (figs.), 1961; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; POLLO ZORITA 1986a; GARCIA &
CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Central and southeastern Spain and Balearic Islands.
Porcellio baidensis Viglianisi, Lombardo & Caruso, 1992
BIBL. – VIGLIANISI et alii 1992 (figs.); MAIO 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sicily.
Porcellio balearicus Cruz & Garcia, 1994
BIBL. – CRUZ & GARCIA 1994 (figs.); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996 (figs.).
Porcellio balticus Verhoeff, 1907 = Trachelipus nodulosus
Porcellio banyulensis Paulian de Félice, 1941 = P. violaceus
Porcellio barroisi Dollfus, 1892
SYN. – Haloporcellio abbreviatus, assimilis, jordanis, penicilliger, P. assimilis, penicilliger
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892c, 1894; VERHOEFF 1917a, 1923, 1931b, 1933c, 1938d, 1943b;
ARCANGELI 1936b; VANDEL 1955f; STROUHAL 1957; PRETZMANN 1974; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN
1975; FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989b; ?KHEIRALLAH 1991;
SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.); WARBURG 1992a, 1995a; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Lebanon; southern Syria; Israel; Jordan; northern Saudi Arabia.
Porcellio batesoni Collinge, 1915
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1915a (figs.).
REMARKS. – Should be identical with some other species from the region.
Porcellio bistriatus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a; DOLLFUS 1895c; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Western Turkey: Istanbul.
REMARKS. – Probably a species of Trachelipus (see SCHMIDT 1997: 213).
Porcellio blattarius Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; BORUTZKY 1972b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Algeria”.
REMARKS. – OMER-COOPER’s (1923) record of this species from Iraq is certainly a
misidentification.
Porcellio bolivari Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b (figs.), ?1893d; VANDEL 1951a, 1954g (figs.), 1955b, 1958f;
SCHMÖLZER 1971; ?CRUZ 1991a (female).
193
DISTR. – SE-Spain.
Porcellio bolivari nicklesi Dollfus, 1892= P. nicklesi
Porcellio bombosus Shen, 1949 = P. laevis
Porcellio bovei Lucas, 1849
SYN. – P. longicauda
BIBL. – LUCAS 1849 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b.
Porcellio brandtii Milne-Edwards, 1840 = P. scaber
Porcellio brevicaudatus Brandt, 1833 = Hemilepistus reaumurii
Porcellio brevipennis Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; RACOVITZA 1908; VANDEL 1955e; JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio brunneus Brandt, 1833 = Porcellionides b.
Porcellio buddelundi Simon, 1885
SYN. – P. hoffmannseggii b., tripolitanus pelagicus
BIBL. – SIMON 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; ARCANGELI 1957e; CARUSO 1974; CARUSO et alii 1987;
CARUSO & MAIO 1993 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1995; MAIO 1996
(figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Tunisia; island Lampedusa W Malta.
Porcellio cadenati Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954h (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1982b.
DISTR. – Cape Verde Islands: island Sal.
Porcellio calderensis Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954k (figs.); ?ARCANGELI 1958a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; HOESE 1984c.
Porcellio calmani Omer-Cooper, 1923 = P. laevis
Porcellio camerani Tua, 1900 = Trachelipus c.
Porcellio canariensis Dollfus, 1893
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893c, 1898a; ARCANGELI 1930a, 1958a; VANDEL 1954k (figs.); HOESE 1984c.
Porcellio carinatus Dollfus, 1905 = Nagurus c.
Porcellio carthaginensis Silvestri, 1897 = P. letourneuxi
Porcellio cataractae Vandel, 1960
BIBL. – VANDEL 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1989f.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio cattarensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellionides myrmecophilus
Porcellio cavernicolus Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Portugal.
Porcellio cayennensis Miers, 1877 = P. scaber
Porcellio centralis Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954k (figs.); ARCANGELI 1958a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; HOESE 1984c.
Porcellio chevalieri Paulian de Félice, 1938 = P. laevis
Porcellio chilensis Nicolet, 1849
BIBL. – NICOLET 1849 (figs.).
REMARKS. – Generic ascription very doubtful.
Porcellio chilensis Dana, 1953 = nomen praeoccupatum and nomen dubium; according to the
figures it is probably a synonym of Porcellionides pruinosus.
Porcellio chuldahensis Verhoeff, 1923
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1923, 1938d; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.); WARBURG 1992b, 1994a; WARBURG
& HORNUNG 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Israel; NW-Syria.
Porcellio cibdelus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Trachelipus c.
Porcellio ciliatus Brandt, 1833 = Leptotrichus panzeri
Porcellio cilicius Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1910, 1923, 1938d, 1941a; STROUHAL 1937d; FRANKENBERGER 1950;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Turkey; NW-Syria.
Porcellio cinerascens Brandt, 1833 = P. laevis
Porcellio cingendus Kinahan, 1857 = Porcellionides c.
Porcellio clairvillii Brandt, 1833 = nomen dubium
Porcellio cognatus L. Koch, 1901 = Trachelipus arcuatus
Porcellio colasi Vandel, 1958
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: province Granada.
Porcellio conchus Mulaik & Mulaik, 1943
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1943 (figs.).
194

REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of P. scaber.
Porcellio confluens C. Koch, 1841 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio conifer C. Koch, 1856
BIBL. – KOCH, C. 1856.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: near Malaga.
Porcellio conspersus C. Koch, 1841 = Porcellium c.
Porcellio contractus Dollfus, 1892 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio convexus (De Geer, 1778) = Cylisticus c.
Porcellio corcyraeus Verhoeff, 1908 = Agabiformius lentus
Porcellio coronatus C. Koch, 1856
BIBL. – KOCH, C. 1856.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: near Malaga.
Porcellio corticicolus (Verhoeff, 1907) = Proporcellio c.
Porcellio cotillae Saussure, 1857 = P. laevis
Porcellio crassicornis C. Koch, 1841 = Porcellium conspersum
Porcellio creticus Strouhal, 1929 = P. flavomarginatus
Porcellio cribrifer Verhoeff, 1928 = P. orarum
Porcellio cristatus Dollfus, 1889 = Nagurus c.
Porcellio cruentatus L. Koch, 1901 = P. montanus
Porcellio cubensis Saussure, 1857 = P. laevis
Porcellio curti (Vandel, 1980)
SYN. – Trachelipus c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1980 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern Turkey: SW Lake of Van.
Porcellio curvisetosus Schmölzer, 1955 = P. silvestrii
Porcellio cyclocephalus Menge, 1854
BIBL. – MENGE in KOCH & BEHRENDT 1854; AMMON 1882.
DISTR. – Very inadequately described from Baltic amber.
Porcellio cythereus Strouhal, 1937 = P. messenicus
Porcellio daguerrii Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939 = Neotroponiscus d.
Porcellio dalensi Caruso & Maio, 1990
BIBL. – CARUSO & MAIO 1990b (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-Morocco.
Porcellio debueni Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b (figs.), 1893d; ARCANGELI 1936g; VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1953h, 1958d;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; POLLO ZORITA 1982b.
DISTR. – Portugal; NW-Spain.
Porcellio decorus Strouhal, 1929 = P. flavomarginatus (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004)
Porcellio deganiensis Verhoeff, 1923
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1923, 1938d, 1943b; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-Syria; NE-Israel; NW-Jordan.
Porcellio degeeri Audouin, 1826 = P. laevis
Porcellio delvecchioi Arcangeli, 1927 = Agnara d.
Porcellio despaxi Vandel, 1958
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958f (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1971; CRUZ 1991a.
Porcellio dilatatus Brandt, 1833
SYN. – Euporcellio d.
Descr.: VANDEL 1946b, 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Figs.: SARS 1898; VANDEL 1951a, 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: VANDEL 1951a, 1962b; BRIAN 1952b; GRUNER 1966a.
Morph.: MEINERTZ 1934; LEGRAND 1946; LUCA 1965a; LOYOLA E SILVA & CORAIOLA 1999.
Anat.: LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1970b.
Sense organs: MARTIN 1971, 1976.
Cytol., ultrastr.: LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1970b; DONADEY & BESSE 1972.
Cuticle, molt: HEELEY 1941a; CICERO 1964; MOCQUARD et alii 1978; MARTIN et alii 1979.
Glands: MARTIN 1972; JUCHAULT & LEGRAND 1978.
Physiol.: BURSELL 1955; BESSE & MOCQUARD 1968; JUCHAULT 1968; BESSE & MAISSIAT 1971;
BESSE & DONADEY 1972; HOLLEY & DELALEU 1972; MAISSIAT 1972; HOLLEY et alii 1973;
PICAUD & BESSE 1973; PICAUD 1978a, 1978b, 1980; GOHAR et alii 1983, 1984, 1985; SOUTY
1983; GOHAR & SOUTY 1984; COENEN-STASS 1989a; PICAUD et alii 1989.
Genet.: LEGRAND 1957a, 1957b; LEGRAND & JUCHAULT 1974.
Sex det.: LEGRAND 1947, 1956c, 1959b; JUCHAULT & LEGRAND 1964a, 1964b, 1970; BESSE et alii
1968; LEGRAND et alii 1968, 1978, 1980; RONDELAND & JUCHAULT 1970; BESSE 1971;
JUCHAULT, LOUIS, MARTIN & NOULIN 1989.
195
Reprod.: HEELEY 1941a; MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; LEGRAND 1958b, 1958c; VANDEL 1962b; LUCA
1965b; GRUNER 1966a; MOCQUARD et alii 1976a, 1976b; PICAUD & SOUTY 1980a, 1980b.
Ontog.: HEELEY 1941a; BEYER 1965; MOCQUARD 1966, 1968a, 1968b.
Behav.: LEGRAND 1958b, 1958c.
Ecol.: HEELEY 1941a; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; FEDERICI 1980, 1984.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); MEINERTZ 1938 (Iceland, map), 1964 (DK, map); HATCH 1947 (N-
America); PALMÉN 1951a (N-America); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); VANDEL 1962b (F); GRUNER
1966a (D); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E), 1974b (A); TAITI & FERRARA
1980b, 1995b (I), 1996 (Corsica); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); CRUZ
1991a (E); ALLSPACH 1992 (D); FLASAROVÁ 1995 (former CS); ARAUJO et alii 1996 (Brazil);
GARCIA & CRUZ 1996 (Balearic Islands); MAIO 1996 (Sicily); SOUZA-KURY 1998 (Brazil);
LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (S-America); SAITO et alii 2000 (Japan); WOUTERS et alii 2000
(B, map); GREEN et alii 2002 (Australia).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; BRIAN 1952b; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; MAIO 1996.
DISTR. – Europe; introduced to many other parts of the world.
Porcellio dimorphus Dollfus, 1895 = Pagana d.
Porcellio diomedus Dollfus, 1906 = P. lamellatus
Porcellio dispar Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – Porcellionides dimorphus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901f, 1907b, 1910, 1928d, 1938d, 1946b; JACKSON 1926b (figs.);
ARCANGELI 1936g (figs.); VANDEL 1946b, 1951a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971;
MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000.
Porcellio djahizi Medini & Charfi-Cheikhrouha, 2001
BIBL. – MEDINI & CHARFI-CHEIKHROUHA 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Central Tunesia.
Porcellio djebeli Paulian de Félice, 1939
Porcellio dubius Brandt, 1833 = P. laevis
Porcellio dubius C. Koch, 1841 = P. scaber
Porcellio duboscqui Paulian de Félice, 1941
SYN. – P. lugubris d.
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941c; VANDEL 1962b (p. 719, figs.); CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii
1984; POLLO ZORITA 1986a; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – Southern France; NE-Spain.
Porcellio echinatus Lucas, 1849
BIBL. – LUCAS 1849; BUDDE-LUND 1879, 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1917a,
1931b; JACKSON 1926b; ARCANGELI 1936g; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; VANDEL 1946b (figs.,
map), 1958e, 1953h; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971; CIFUENTES 1984; POLLO ZORITA 1986a;
CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – Southern Portugal; southern Spain; northern Morocco; NW-Algeria.
Porcellio ehrenbergi Brandt, 1833 = P. olivieri
Porcellio elegans Uljanin, 1875 = Hemilepistus crenulatus
Porcellio elongatus Shen, 1949
BIBL. – SHEN 1949 (figs.).
REMARKS. – Not to be recognized from the description.
Porcellio emaciatus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – ?Sicily.
REMARKS. – Certainly conspecific with one of the better known species of Sicily.
Porcellio emarginatus Brandt, 1833 = P. hoffmannseggii
Porcellio embrionis Vandel, 1954 = P. ombrionis (printing mistake)
Porcellio epirensis Strouhal, 1954 = P. achilleionensis
Porcellio eserensis Rodríguez & Vicente, 1992
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ & VICENTE 1992c (figs.).
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Hierro.
Porcellio eucercus Brandt, 1833 = P. laevis
Porcellio evansi Omer-Cooper, 1923
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1923; FRANKENBERGER 1939c; FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.), 1988; TAITI
& FERRARA 1989b, 1991c; ?KHEIRALLAH 1991; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.); TAITI et alii 2000.
DISTR. – SE-Turkey; northern Syria; Iraq; SW-Iran; central and eastern Arabian Peninsula.
Porcellio eximius Dollfus, 1896
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896b (figs.).
Porcellio expansus Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b; VANDEL 1951a (p. 145, figs.), 1958f, 1972a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
CRUZ 1991a.
196
DISTR. – NE-Spain: province Tarragona.

Porcellio explanatus Collinge, 1915 = P. violaceus
Porcellio exstinctus Verhoeff, 1923
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1923 (figs.), 1933c (figs.).
REMARKS. – Probably a species of Porcellionides.
Porcellio fedtschenkoi Uljanin, 1875 = Hemilepistus f.
Porcellio ferdinandi (Verhoeff, 1929) = P. lamellatus
Porcellio ferrarai Caruso & Maio, 1990
BIBL. – CARUSO & MAIO 1990c (figs.).
Porcellio ferroi Paulian de Félice, 1939
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939b; ARCANGELI 1958a; VANDEL 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Madeira Archipelago.
Porcellio ferrugineus Brandt, 1833
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833.
Porcellio festai Arcangeli, 1932
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Porcellio ficorum Verhoeff, 1931 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio ficulneus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. obsoletus f.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1894; VERHOEFF 1923, 1933c, 1938d; ?RICHARDSON 1926;
VANDEL 1955f; PRETZMANN 1974; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.); WARBURG 1991, 1994a, 1994b;
HORNUNG & WARBURG 1993, 1995a, 1996, 1998; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998; WARBURG &
HORNUNG 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio ficulneus palaestinus Verhoeff, 1931 = P. palaestinus
Porcellio fimbriatus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Porcellio fissifrons Dollfus, 1892 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio fissifrons Budde-Lund, 1908 = Pagana f.
Porcellio fiumanus Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellium f.
Porcellio flavipes C. Koch, 1847 = P. laevis
Porcellio flavocinctus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; JACKSON 1926b (figs.), 1928a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1932f, 1936c
(figs.); VERHOEFF 1933c, 1938d; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; VANDEL 1946b, 1958e; SCHMÖLZER
1965b, 1971; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Portugal; southern Spain. Reports from Morocco pertain to different
species (ARCANGELI 1936c).
Porcellio flavomarginatus Lucas, 1853
SYN. – P. albomarginatus, andrius, creticus, decorus, rechingeri
BIBL. – LUCAS 1853; VOGL 1876 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d;
ARCANGELI 1929a, 1937a; STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1929c (figs.), 1937d (figs.), 1937g
(figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1972b, 1975b, 1979b, 1983c, 1999; SCHMALFUSS & SCHAWALLER
1984 (figs.); SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: southern Aegean Islands.
Porcellio flavovittatus Miers, 1877 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Porcellio formosus Stuxberg, 1875
BIBL. – STUXBERG 1875; RICHARDSON 1899; ARCANGELI 1932i; MILLER 1936; VAN NAME 1940.
DISTR. – Southern USA.
REMARKS. – Probably introduced from Europe, but not identical with P. laevis, if
ARCANGELI’s (1932i) identification is correct.
Porcellio fossuliger Verhoeff, 1901 = Protracheoniscus f.
Porcellio fragilis Budde-Lund, 1908 = Agnara f.
Porcellio franzi Schmölzer, 1955
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1955d (figs.), 1971.
REMARKS. – According to the description and figures should be a synonym of P.
flavocinctus.
Porcellio frontalis Milne-Edwards, 1840 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Porcellio frontsignatus Verhoeff, 1943 = P. evansi
Porcellio fuegiensis Dana, 1853 = nomen dubium
Porcellio fuscovariegatus Lucas, 1849 = Soteriscus f.
Porcellio galleranii Arcangeli, 1927 = Nagurus g.
Porcellio gallicus Dollfus, 1904
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1904; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1928d, 1938d; CARL 1908a; VANDEL 1940b, 1941d,
1946c, 1951a, 1962b (p. 692, figs.); VANDEL et alii 1946; ?SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1955d,
1965b, 1971; CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii 1984; DALENS & BOUTHIER 1985.
197
DISTR. – NE-Spain; France; western Switzerland.

“Porcellio” ganesa Ramakrishna, 1975
BIBL. – RAMAKRISHNA 1975a (figs.).
DISTR. – India: Rajastan.
REMARKS. – Certainly not a member of the genus Porcellio.
Porcellio gauthieri Paulian de Félice, 1939
Porcellio gayi Nicolet, 1849 = nomen dubium
Porcellio gemmulatus Dana, 1853 = P. scaber
Porcellio germanicus Verhoeff, 1896 = P. spinicornis
Porcellio gerstaeckeri Verhoeff, 1908 = P. lamellatus
Porcellio gertschi Van Name, 1942 = Agabiformius lentus
Porcellio gestroi Brian, 1932
BIBL. – BRIAN 1932 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Libya.
REMARKS. – The described and figured specimens seem to be juveniles of P. laevis.
Porcellio gigliotosi Arcangeli, 1927 = Lucasioides g.
Porcellio giustii Caruso & Maio, 1990
Porcellio glaber C. Koch, 1856 = nomen dubium
Porcellio glaberrimus Verhoeff, 1951
Porcellio granarus Nicolet, 1849 = nomen dubium
Porcellio grandeus Mulaik & Mulaik, 1943
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1943.
REMARKS. – May be a synonym of P. scaber.
Porcellio grandorii Arcangeli, 1932 = Proporcellio g.
Porcellio graniger White, 1847 = P. scaber
Porcellio graniger Miers, 1876 = P. scaber
Porcellio granulatus Brébisson, 1825 = P. scaber
Porcellio granulatus Milne-Edwards, 1840 = P. scaber
Porcellio granulatus Menge, 1854
BIBL. – MENGE in KOCH & BEHRENDT 1854 (p. 10); AMMON 1882.
DISTR. – Unrecognizably described from Baltic amber.
Porcellio granuliferus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1892b; JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio griseus Brandt, 1833 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio gruneri Hoese, 1978
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio haasi Arcangeli, 1925
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1925b (figs.); VANDEL 1951a (figs.), 1958f; ?SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b,
1971; CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii 1984; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain south of the river Ebro.
Porcellio hatayensis Verhoeff, 1949 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio hawaiensis Dana, 1853 = nomen dubium
Porcellio herculis Verhoeff, 1938 = P. atlanteus
Porcellio herminiensis Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Northern Portugal; NW-Spain.
Porcellio herzegovinensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellium fiumanum
Porcellio hirticornis Budde-Lund, 1909 = Gerufa h.
Porcellio hirtipes Dollfus, 1904 = P. albinus
Porcellio hirtus (Aubert & Dollfus, 1890) = Agabiformius lentus
Porcellio hispanicus Schmölzer, 1955 = P. hoffmannseggii
Porcellio hispanus Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b (figs.).
Porcellio hispida Miers, 1877 = Porcellionides h.
Porcellio hoffmannseggii Brandt, 1833
SYN. – P. emarginatus, hispanicus, sordidus (subspecies)
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; MILNE-EDWARDS 1840; KOCH, C. 1856; BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS
1896b; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1933c, 1937a, 1938d; JACKSON 1926b; ARCANGELI 1929c, 1931d,
1936g; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; VANDEL 1946b, 1948g, 1951a, 1953h, 1954m, 1958e;
198
PABLOS 1963; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; SCHMALFUSS 1987c (figs.); CRUZ 1991a; GARCIA &
CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Southern Portugal; southern Spain; Balearic Islands Ibiza and Formentera; northern
Morocco.
Porcellio hoffmannseggi buddelundi Simon, 1885 = P. buddelundi
Porcellio hoffmannseggi magnificus Dollfus, 1892 = P. magnificus
Porcellio hoffmannseggi nemethi Paulian de Félice, 1939 = P. nemethi
Porcellio horvathi Dollfus, 1901 = nomen dubium (see SCHMALFUSS 1996a: 4)
Porcellio humberti Paulian de Félice, 1939
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a (figs.) ; VANDEL 1958d (figs.), 1958e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1971.
DISTR. – Southern Spain; Morocco.
Porcellio hyblaeus Viglianisi, Lombardo & Caruso, 1992
BIBL. – VIGLIANISI et alii 1992 (figs.) ; MAIO 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sicily; Maltese Archipelago: island Gozo.
“Porcellio” hypselos Barnard, 1949
DISTR. – South Africa: Pondoland.
REMARKS. – According to FERRARA & TAITI (1979) the species probably belongs to the genus
Pondo.
Porcellio illyricus Verhoeff, 1901 = Trachelipus camerani
Porcellio imbutus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; VERHOEFF 1908f, 1928d, 1933b, 1938d; VANDEL
1969c (figs.); CARUSO 1973a, 1973c; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982 (figs.); CARUSO &
BRANDMAYR 1983; CARUSO et alii 1987; VIGLIANISI et alii 1992 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995;
MAIO 1996; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Sicily and surrounding islands.
Porcellio immsi Collinge, 1914 = Agnara i.
Porcellio incanus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. marioni
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; RACOVITZA 1907a; ARCANGELI 1924b, 1935e, 1936g; JACKSON 1926b;
VANDEL 1951a, 1953h, 1962b (p. 679, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1955b, 1965b, 1971; CIFUENTES
1984; POLLO ZORITA 1986a; CRUZ 1991a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern France; Portugal; northern Spain.
Porcellio incanus baeticensis Vandel, 1953 = P. baeticensis
Porcellio inconspicuus Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892c; VERHOEFF 1923; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – Dead Sea shore region (today’s Jordan or Israel).
Porcellio ingenuus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; JACKSON 1926b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1936g; VANDEL 1946b (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; BORUTZKY 1972b; JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio insignis Brandt, 1833
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1923; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – “Syria” (may be anywhere in the Near East).
Porcellio intercalarius Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Morocco.
Porcellio intermedius Lereboullet, 1853 = Trachelipus ratzeburgii
Porcellio intermedius Schmölzer, 1953
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1953a (figs.), 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Morocco.
REMARKS. – Might be a synonym of P. pelseneeri.
Porcellio interpolator Budde-Lund, 1885
DISTR. – Northern Turkey: Ordu.
Porcellio interruptus C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium
Porcellio interruptus Heller, 1865 = nomen dubium
Porcellio iskenderunus Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio isseli Arcangeli, 1927 = Lucasioides i.
Porcellio jacksoni Arcangeli, 1936 = Porcellionides variabilis
Porcellio jaicensis Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d; ARCANGELI 1926a; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Bosnia: Jajce.
Porcellio jelskii Miers, 1877 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Porcellio kislarensis Verhoeff, 1941 = P. cilicius
Porcellio klaptoczi Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1908d, 1938d; ARCANGELI 1924a; SCHMALFUSS 1989b (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-Libya.
199
Porcellio klugii Brandt, 1833 = Hemilepistus k.

Porcellio krivosijensis Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939e (figs.).
DISTR. – Yugoslavia: western Montenegro.
Porcellio laevis Latreille, 1804
SYN. – Mesoporcellio l., Oniscus l., P. aztecus, cinerascens, cotillae, cubensis, flavipes,
interruptus, mexicanus, musculus, obtusifrons, ovatus, poeyi, submaritimus, sumichrasti,
troschelii
Orig. descr.: LATREILLE 1804.
Figs.: SARS 1898; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMALFUSS 1992a.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1902a; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; STROUHAL 1968c.
Morph.: PATANÈ 1936b, 1940, 1951, 1959b; VANDEL 1943, 1951a; PATANÈ & LUCA 1956, 1957,
1959; MAHMOUD 1957; LUCA & PATANÈ 1961; STROUHAL 1968c; HOLMQUIST 1989; VIGLIANISI
et alii 1992.
Anat.: ARCANGELI 1927d; PATANÈ 1934, 1965; LATTIN 1939a; BAZIRE 1945; LUCA 1962; CICERO
1964; ALIKHAN 1968b, 1969, 1972c.
Hist.: PATANÈ 1949.
Cytol., ultrastr.: LUCA 1965e; CASTRUCCI & MENDES 1975.
Cuticle, molt: PATANÈ 1936a, 1949, 1951, 1956a; CICERO 1964; LUCA 1967; LAGARRIGUE 1968;
HADLEY & QUINLAN 1984.
Glands: PATANÈ 1936a.
Physiol.: EDNEY 1964a; ALIKHAN 1972a, 1973, 1976, 1981; SALEEM & ALIKHAN 1973, 1974a,
1974b; SEVILLA & LAGARRIGUE 1974; HUSAIN & ALIKHAN 1979a, 1979b; MARTEL & ALIKHAN
1982; QUINLAN & HADLEY 1983; HADLEY & QUINLAN 1984.
Genet.: VANDEL 1941a, 1945b; VIGLIANISI et alii 1992.
Sex det.: PATANÈ 1956b, 1958, 1959a.
Reprod.: PATANÈ 1949; MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; NAIR 1976a,
1976b, 1984; WARBURG et alii 2001 (identification needs confirmation).
Pop. dyn.: NAIR 1978a, 1978b.
Ontog.: GOODRICH 1939; MATSAKIS 1955a; NAIR 1978c; HUSSEIN et alii 1997.
Nutr.: EDNEY et alii 1974; VERGARA 1967; JOY & JOY 1990, 1991, 1997; HUSSEIN et alii 1997.
Heavy metal: ALIKHAN 1972a; ODENDAAL & REINECKE 1999.
Ecol.: PIERCE 1907; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; NAIR 1981.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); VANDEL 1962b (F); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); GRUNER 1966a (D);
HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); SCHMALFUSS 1992a (western Asia); SAITO et
alii 2000 (Japan); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); GREEN et alii 2002 (Australia).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMALFUSS 1992a.
DISTR. – Europe and North Africa, introduced to all other parts of the world.
Porcellio laevis achilleionensis Verhoeff, 1901 = P. achilleionensis
Porcellio laevis olivieri (Audouin, 1826) = P. olivieri
Porcellio laevissimus Dollfus, 1898
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898a; ARCANGELI 1930a, 1958a; MONOD 1932 (figs.); VANDEL 1954k, 1966a
(figs.), 1968a; DALENS 1984a; HOESE 1984b, 1984c.
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Tenerife and La Palma.
Porcellio lamellatus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Haloporcellio ferdinandi, fumeus. gerstaeckeri, l., moebiusi, pyrenaicus, sphinx,
Leptotrichus vedadoensis, Neotroponiscus vedadoensis, P. diomedus, gerstaeckeri,
moebiusi, oceanicus, quadrifrons, Proporcellio l.
Descr.: LEGRAND 1953b; VANDEL 1962b.
Figs.: LEGRAND 1953b; VANDEL 1954h, 1956c, 1962b; STROUHAL 1966a; LEMOS DE CASTRO
1970b; RECA 1972; SCHULTZ 1972a (figs. erroneously ascribed to Leptotrichus panzeri);
TAITI & FERRARA 1980b.
Syst.: ARCANGELI 1926a; VANDEL 1962b; BORUTZKY 1972b; RECA 1972; SCHULTZ 1972a; JEPPESEN
2000.
Mol. biol.: VIGLIANISI et alii 1992.
Cuticle, molt: LAGARRIGUE 1968.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1962b.
Ecol.: VANDEL 1962b; CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970.
Distr.: BUDDE-LUND 1885 (Crimea); BOONE, P. 1918 (Cuba); ARCANGELI 1933a (Tunisia), 1947a,
1950c, 1952h, 1957e, 1960c (I); VANDEL 1960b (Madeira), 1962b (F), 1977c (St. Helena,
South Atlantic); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); RECA 1972 (Argentina); SCHULTZ 1972a
(Bermuda); SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1981a (GR), 1982b (Cape Verde Islands), 1999 (GR);
TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (I), 1989c (I), 1996 (Corsica); BUNN & GREEN 1982 (Australia);
HOESE 1984c (Canary Islands); CARUSO et alii 1987 (Malta, Sicily and surrounding islands,
map); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995 (I); TAITI & FERRARA 1991b (Hawaii); GARCIA &
CRUZ 1993, 1996 (Balearic Islands); ASHMOLE et alii 1996 (Azores); SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b
200
(GR); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996 (Hawaii); PONS et alii 1999 (Algeria); TAITI 1999 (Hawaii);
GREEN et alii 2002 (Australia); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (Crete).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1962b; STROUHAL 1966a; MAIO 1996.
DISTR. – Coasts of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, Atlantic Islands, introduced to
other parts of the world.
REMARKS. – Further phylogenetic research has to clarify whether this is a species of
Porcellio or of Proporcellio (it is very similar to Proporcellio vulcanius).
Porcellio lapidicolus Paulian de Félice, 1939
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a (figs.)
Porcellio laticauda Budde-Lund, 1913 = Tura l.
Porcellio latissimus Budde-Lund, 1885 = P. spatulatus
Porcellio latus Uljanin, 1875 = Protracheoniscus l.
Porcellio lentus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Agabiformius l.
Porcellio lepineyi Verhoeff, 1937
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1937a, 1938a; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
SCHMALFUSS 1987d (figs.), 1989b.
Porcellio leptotrichoides Arcangeli, 1942 = Leptotrichus l.
Porcellio letourneuxi Simon, 1885
SYN. – P. carthaginensis
BIBL. – SIMON 1885; SILVESTRI 1897a; DOLLFUS 1896b; ARCANGELI 1924a; ?BRIAN 1930; CARUSO
& MAIO 1990d (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Tunisia.
Porcellio liliputanus Nicolet, 1849
BIBL. – NICOLET 1849; VAN NAME 1936.
Porcellio limbatus Brandt, 1833 = Porcellionides nigricans
Porcellio lineatus Fitch, 1855 = Oniscus asellus
Porcellio linsenmairi Schmalfuss, 1989 = P. simulator
Porcellio littorinus Miller, 1936 = Niambia capensis
Porcellio longicauda Budde-Lund, 1885 = P. bovei
Porcellio longicornis Stein, 1859
BIBL. – STEIN 1859; BUDDE-LUND 1879, 1885; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1910, 1928d, 1938d, 1949a;
STROUHAL 1939e (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966a, 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Montenegro.
Porcellio longipennis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Trachelipus l.
Porcellio lugubris C. Koch, 1841 = P. monticola
Porcellio lugubris orarum Verhoeff, 1910 = P. orarum
Porcellio lugubris vizzavonensis Verhoeff, 1928 = P. orarum
Porcellio lusitanorum Arcangeli, 1936 = Porcellionides cingendus
Porcellio lusitanus Verhoeff, 1907 = P. scaber l.
Porcellio maculatus Iwamoto, 1943 = Mongoloniscus m.
Porcellio maculicornis C. Koch, 1841 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Porcellio maculipennis Budde-Lund, 1894
DISTR. – Burma.
Porcellio maculipes Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; NORMAN 1899; ARCANGELI 1958a (figs.); VANDEL 1960b (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio maculosa Budde-Lund, 1908 = Pagana m.
Porcellio magnificus Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; SCHMALFUSS 1987c (figs.).
DISTR. – SE-Spain: region of Almería.
Porcellio magyaricus Verhoeff, 1907 = nomen dubium (compare SCHMIDT 1997: 240)
Porcellio mahadidi Caruso & Maio, 1990
DISTR. – Algeria: “Dj. Maàdid (Bechara)”.
Porcellio manacori Racovitza, 1907 = Agabiformius m.
Porcellio maracandicus Uljanin, 1875 = Protracheoniscus m.
Porcellio marginalis Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. rupicursor
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1879, 1885; DOLLFUS 1895c; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1910, 1938d (figs.);
ARCANGELI 1926a, 1936b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966a, 1966b; POTOČNIK 1984;
ARGANO et alii 1995, JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – NE-Italy; coastal part of Croatia.
Porcellio marginalis Mulaik, 1960 = P. scaber
Porcellio marginatus Uljanin, 1875 = Protracheoniscus m.
201
Porcellio marginenotatus Budde-Lund, 1885

BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896d; VERHOEFF 1907b; SCHMALFUSS 1989b (figs.);
JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio marioni Aubert & Dollfus, 1890 = P. incanus
Porcellio marmoratus Dollfus, 1895 = P. piceus
Porcellio martini Dalens, 1984
Porcellio mateui Vandel, 1954 = Porcellionides m.
"Porcellio" mateusi Vieira, 1980
BIBL. – VIEIRA 1980 (figs.).
REMARKS. – According to the few illustrations this is a species of Armadillidium.
Porcellio mazzarellii Arcangeli, 1927 = Protracheoniscus m.
Porcellio medinae Rodríguez & Barrientos, 1993
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993a (figs.).
Porcellio medionotatus Verhoeff, 1917 = Soteriscus fuscovariegatus
Porcellio melanocephalus C. Koch, 1841 = P. spinicornis
Porcellio melanurus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Acaeroplastes m.
Porcellio meridionalis Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954k (figs.); ARCANGELI 1958a; HOESE 1984c.
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Gomera and Hierro.
Porcellio messenicus Verhoeff, 1907
SYN. – P. cythereus, taygetinus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1910, 1938d; STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1936b, 1937a, 1937d, 1937f
(figs.), 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1983c, ?1985a, 1999;
DISTR. – Greece: Ionian Islands Kefaloniá and Zákinthos; southern Peloponnese and island
Kíthira.
Porcellio mexicanus Saussure, 1857 = P. laevis
Porcellio mildei L. Koch, 1901 = nomen dubium
Porcellio minutus Budde-Lund, 1909
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909b (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Northern Tunisia.
Porcellio minutus Shen, 1949 = nomen dubium
Porcellio mixtus Fitch, 1855 = P. spinicornis
Porcellio modestus Dollfus, 1898 = Nagurus m.
Porcellio moebiusi Verhoeff, 1901 = P. lamellatus
Porcellio molleri Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellionides sexfasciatus
Porcellio monardi Brian, 1953
BIBL. – BRIAN 1953a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Guinea Bissau.
Porcellio montanus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. cruentatus, spinipennis m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1897a; KOCH, L. 1901; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1910, 1917d,
1928d, 1931a, 1932b, 1936b, 1937d, 1938c, 1938d; CARL 1908a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1932b;
VANDEL 1946c, 1951a, 1962b (p. 735, figs.); LEGRAND 1950; FRANKENBERGER 1959; BEYER
1964; GRUNER 1966a (figs.); FLASAROVÁ 1988, 1991, 1995; ALLSPACH 1992; HAFERKORN
1998.
DISTR. – SE-France; NW-Italy; Switzerland; central and southern Germany; former
Czechoslovakia.
Porcellio montesumae Saussure, 1857 = P. scaber
Porcellio monticola Lereboullet, 1853
SYN. – P. lugubris
BIBL. – LEREBOULLET 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885; DAHL 1916a, 1917; VANDEL 1950d, 1951a,
1954m, 1962b (p. 713, figs.); MATSAKIS 1955a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; GRUNER 1966a
(figs.); POLLO ZORITA 1982b, 1986a; CIFUENTES 1984; CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – NE-Spain; France; SW-Germany; records from Switzerland and Italy belong to
different species.
Porcellio monticola alticola Vandel, 1940 = P. alticola
Porcellio monticola silvestrii Arcangeli, 1924 = P. silvestrii
Porcellio mostarensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Trachelipus m.
Porcellio musculus (Eschscholtz, 1823) = P. laevis
Porcellio myrmecophilus Stein, 1859 = Porcellionides m.
Porcellio nanus (Budde-Lund, 1908) = Nagurus n.
Porcellio napolitanus Verhoeff, 1930 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio narentanus Verhoeff, 1907
202
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d; ARCANGELI 1926a, 1936b; STROUHAL 1939e; VANDEL 1946a;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
Porcellio nasutus Strouhal, 1936
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1936a (figs.), 1937a, 1938b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – Central Greece: Parnassós Mountains; Peloponnese.
Porcellio naupliensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Leptotrichus n.
Porcellio nemethi Paulian de Félice, 1939
SYN. – P. hoffmannseggii n.
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a (figs.); VANDEL 1958e.
Porcellio nemorensis C. Koch, 1841 = Trachelipus ratzeburgii
Porcellio nicklesi Dollfus, 1892
SYN. – P. bolivari n.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b; ARCANGELI 1924b, 1925b; VANDEL 1951a (figs.), 1954g; SCHMÖLZER ?
1955a, 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain.
Porcellio niger Say, 1818 = P. scaber
Porcellio nigricans Brandt, 1833 = Porcellionides n.
Porcellio nigrocaudatus Budde-Lund, 1879 = P. variabilis
Porcellio nigrogranulatus Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b; VERHOEFF 1907b; VANDEL 1952c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ
1991a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain; ?Balearic Islands: Ibiza.
Porcellio nobilii Tua, 1900 = P. spatulatus
Porcellio nodieri Dollfus, 1898 = P. scaber
Porcellio nodulosus C. Koch, 1838 = Trachelipus n.
Porcellio normani (Dollfus, 1899)
SYN. – Lucasius n.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS in NORMAN 1899; ARCANGELI 1958a (figs.); VANDEL 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio notatus C. Koch, 1854
BIBL. – KOCH, C. in KOCH & BEHRENDT 1854; AMMON 1882.
DISTR. – Unrecognizably described from Baltic amber.
Porcellio novus Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936h (figs.); VANDEL 1946b; SCHMÖLZER 1955b, 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Northern Portugal.
Porcellio obsoletus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. anatolicus, contractus, ficorum, fissifrons, griseus, hatayensis, iskenderunus,
napolitanus, parvus, syriacus Brandt
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1930a, 1931b, 1938d, 1949a; ARCANGELI 1938d, 1960c;
VANDEL 1955f; KARAMAN 1966b; STROUHAL 1966a, 1968c (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL
1967; SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1986b, 1992a (figs.), 1999; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; CARUSO &
HILI 1991; VIGLIANISI et alii 1992; SFENTHOURAKIS 1993a, 1996b; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994;
MAIO 1996; JEPPESEN 2000; LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Central Italy; Yugoslavia; Greece; SW-Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; northern Syria;
Crimea; northern Iran.
Porcellio obsoletus ficulneus Budde-Lund, 1885 = P. ficulneus
Porcellio obtusifrons Haswell, 1882 = P. laevis
“Porcellio” obtusiserra Barnard, 1940
Porcellio obtusus Budde-Lund, 1909 = Agabiformius o.
Porcellio oceanicus Legrand, 1953 = P. lamellatus
Porcellio ocellatus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: region of Malaga. Records from North Africa (DOLLFUS 1896b)
need confirmation.
Porcellio ochraceus C. Koch, 1841 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio olivieri (Audouin, 1826)
SYN. – Oniscus o., P. albolimbatus, laevis o., tigrinus
BIBL. – AUDOUIN 1826; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909b; SIMON 1885; DOLLFUS 1892e, 1896b;
VERHOEFF 1907b, 1908d, 1938d; COLOSI 1921; ARCANGELI 1924a; BRIAN 1932; MONOD 1932;
VANDEL 1948g; WARBURG 1968a, 1992a, 1994a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; PRETZMANN 1974;
STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975; ?KHEIRALLAH 1980a; KHEIRALLAH & AWADALLAH 1981;
KHEIRALLAH & EL-SHARKAWY 1981; CARUSO & MAIO 1990d (figs.); MAIO & CARUSO 1991b;
SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.), 1998b; WARBURG & ROSENBERG 1996; HUSSEIN et alii 1997;
ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998.
203
DISTR. – Northern Algeria to southern Israel.

Porcellio ombrionis Vandel, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1954k (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; HOESE 1984c.
Porcellio omodeoi Caruso & Maio, 1990
Porcellio orarum Verhoeff, 1910
SYN. – P. cribrifer, lugubris o.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1910; VANDEL 1948f, 1950d, 1951a, 1954m, 1954n, 1962b (p. 726, figs.);
TAITI & FERRARA 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern France; Corsica.
Porcellio orarum verhoeffi Dahl, 1916 = P. pumicatus
Porcellio orientalis Uljanin, 1875 = Protracheoniscus o.
Porcellio ornatus Milne-Edwards, 1840
BIBL. – MILNE-EDWARDS 1840; BUDDE-LUND 1885; ?DOLLFUS 1893d, 1896b; MONOD 1932;
VANDEL 1951a, 1953h, 1954m (figs.), 1958e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; HOESE 1981, 1982a;
CRUZ 1991a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; PONS et alii 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Spain; ?Balearic Islands; NW-Morocco; ?NE-Algeria.
Porcellio ovalis Dollfus, 1893
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893c; ARCANGELI 1930a, 1958a; VANDEL 1954k (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
HOESE 1984c.
Porcellio ovatus Zaddach, 1844 = P. laevis
Porcellio palaestinus Verhoeff, 1931
SYN. – P. ficulneus p.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – Palestine; western Jordan.
Porcellio pallasii Brandt, 1833 = Hemilepistus ruderalis
Porcellio pallidipennis Dollfus, 1898 = Nagurus p.
Porcellio pallidus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Lucasius p.
Porcellio palmae Hoese, 1985
DISTR. – Canary Islands: La Palma.
Porcellio panzeri Audouin, 1826 = Leptotrichus p.
Porcellio parenzani Arcangeli, 1932
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932m (figs.), 1952a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1941a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Albania; Macedonia.
REMARKS. – Perhaps conspecific with P. achilleionensis.
Porcellio parietinus L. Koch, 1901 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio parvicornis Richardson, 1902 = P. laevis
Porcellio parvus Budde-Lund, 1885 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio paulensis Heller, 1865 = P. scaber
Porcellio pauper Budde-Lund, 1885 = Mica tardus
Porcellio pearsei Creaser, 1938 = Trichorhina p.
Porcellio peloponnesius Strouhal, 1936 = P. achilleionensis
Porcellio pelseneeri Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936c (figs.).
DISTR. – Central Morocco.
Porcellio penicilliger Verhoeff, 1917 = P. barroisi
Porcellio peninsulae Verhoeff, 1944
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1944 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: S Naples.
Porcellio perplexus Vandel, 1954 = P. silvestrii
Porcellio peyerimhoffi Paulian de Félice, 1942
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1942b (figs.); VANDEL 1950g.
DISTR. – Central Algeria.
Porcellio phaeacorum Verhoeff, 1901 = Trachelipus camerani
Porcellio phaleronensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Orthometopon p.
Porcellio piceus Dollfus, 1895
SYN. – P. marmoratus
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895c; VANDEL 1946a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Bosnia and Hercegovina; Macedonia.
Porcellio pictus Brandt, 1833 = P. spinicornis
Porcellio pictus romanorum Verhoeff, 1901 = P. romanorum
Porcellio pityensis Vandel, 1956
BIBL. – VANDEL 1956d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ 1991b; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996
(figs.).
204
DISTR. – Balearic Islands.

Porcellio planarius Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; SCHMIDT 1997; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Sicily.
REMARKS. – According to SCHMIDT (1997: 242) the type-specimens of this species clearly
belong to Porcellio and not to Trachelipus. So the subsequent records of this species,
showing the diagnostic characters of Trachelipus (compare e. g. CARUSO & BRISOLESE
1974) are misidentifications and probably pertain to Trachelipus aetnensis (Verhoeff,
1908).
Porcellio planus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Orthometopon p.
Porcellio platysoma Brandt, 1841
BIBL. – BRANDT 1841; LUCAS 1849 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; VERHOEFF 1907b,
1938d; RACOVITZA 1908; VANDEL 1955e.
Porcellio poeyi Guérin-Méneville, 1837 = P. laevis
Porcellio politus C. Koch, 1841 = Protracheoniscus p.
Porcellio politus ubliensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Protracheoniscus ubliensis
Porcellio poweri Barnard, 1937 = Pondo p.
Porcellio praeustus Budde-Lund, 1885
Porcellio provincialis Aubert & Dollfus, 1890
BIBL. – AUBERT & DOLLFUS 1890; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941c; VANDEL 1951a, 1962b (p. 689,
figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Porcellio pruinosus Brandt, 1833 = Porcellionides p.
Porcellio pseudocilicius Schmalfuss, 1992
DISTR. – Southern Turkey.
Porcellio pseudopullus Verhoeff, 1901 = Agabiformius lentus
Porcellio pseudoratzeburgi Verhoeff, 1907 = Trachelipus arcuatus
Porcellio puberulus Dollfus, 1895
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895c (figs.); VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
Porcellio pubescens Dollfus, 1893 = Trichorhina p.
Porcellio pujetanus Verhoeff, 1910 = P. spinipennis
Porcellio pulchellus Dollfus, 1892 = Agabiformius lentus
Porcellio pulcher Nicolet, 1849 = nomen dubium
Porcellio pulverulentus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1893d; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Spain.
Porcellio pumicatus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. orarum verhoeffi, strandi, verhoeffi
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1931a (figs.), 1936b, 1956a, 1960c; STROUHAL 1937e
(figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994;
ARGANO et alii 1995; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Sardinia; central Italy.
Porcellio punctatus Brandt, 1833 = Porcellionides pruinosus (compare BUDDE-LUND 1885: 171)
Porcellio purpureus Budde-Lund, 1885
Porcellio pusillus Arcangeli, 1936 = Proporcellio p.
Porcellio pyrenaeus Dollfus, 1892
SYN. – P. monticola p.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b (figs.); VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d; ARCANGELI 1925b; VANDEL 1940b,
1958f, 1962b (p. 707, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Central Pyrenees in NE-Spain and SW-France.
Porcellio quadrifrons Giambiagi de Calabrese, 1939 = P. lamellatus
Porcellio quadriseriatus (Verhoeff, 1917) = Proporcellio vulcanius
Porcellio quercuum Schnitzler, 1853 = Trachelipus ratzeburgii
Porcellio quercuum Verhoeff, 1952
DISTR. – Southern Italy: island Ischia.
REMARKS. – Might be a synonym of P. obsoletus.
Porcellio racovitzai Arcangeli, 1927 = Koreoniscus r.
Porcellio racovitzai Radu, 1950 = Trachelipus trilobatus
REMARKS. – SCHMIDT (1997: 155) considers "Porcellio racovitzai Radu, 1947/48" as not
officially published, because the cited paper is not traceable. This contention may be
205
correct, but in RADU 1950a there is a drawing of the telson of "Porcellio racovitzai" and
thus this name must be considered a described species.
Porcellio ragusae Dollfus, 1896 = P. laevis
Porcellio rathkii Brandt, 1833 = Trachelipus r.
Porcellio rathkii var. mostarensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Trachelipus mostarensis
Porcellio rathkii phaeacorum Verhoeff, 1901 = Trachelipus camerani
Porcellio ratzeburgii Brandt, 1833 = Trachelipus r.
Porcellio ratzeburgii illyricus Verhoeff, 1901 = Trachelipus camerani
Porcellio razzautii Arcangeli, 1913 = Trachelipus r.
Porcellio reaumurii Milne-Edwards, 1840 = Hemilepistus r.
Porcellio rechingeri Strouhal, 1937 = P. flavomarginatus
Porcellio recurvatus Verhoeff, 1901 = Porcellium r.
Porcellio rhinoceros Budde-Lund, 1885 = Trachelipus r.
Porcellio ribauti Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d; ?SCHMÖLZER 1955a; CARUSO & MAIO 1990c (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Algeria. The record from Spain (SCHMÖLZER 1955a) seems doubtful.
Porcellio riffensis Caruso & Maio, 1990
BIBL. – CARUSO & MAIO 1990b (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-Morocco and ?“Maroc Espanol”.
Porcellio rodiensis Schmalfuss, 1972 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio romanorum Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – P. pictus r.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901f, 1907b, 1938d (figs.), 1951a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1914b, 1931d;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Porcellio rubidus Budde-Lund, 1885
DISTR. – Iran: Schiras.
Porcellio rucneri Karaman, 1966
BIBL. – KARAMAN 1966a (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-Croatia.
Porcellio rufobrunneus Omer-Cooper, 1923
BIBL. – OMER-COOPER 1923 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Iraq: Amara.
REMARKS. – Perhaps a member of the genus Proporcellio.
Porcellio rupicursor Verhoeff, 1907 = P. marginalis
Porcellio sabuleti (Budde-Lund, 1885) = P. simulator
Porcellio sabulifer Verhoeff, 1907 = Trachelipus aegaeus
Porcellio saharaiensis Maio & Dalens, 1991
BIBL. – MAIO & DALENS 1991 (figs.); MAIO & CARUSO 1991a.
DISTR. – Atlantic coast from SW-Morocco to Senegal.
Porcellio saltuum L. Koch, 1901 = Trachelipus arcuatus
Porcellio sarajevensis Verhoeff, 1907 = Trachelipus ratzeburgii
Porcellio sarculatus Budde-Lund, 1896 = Trachelipus s.
Porcellio sardiniae Arcangeli, 1932 = Caeroplastes porphyrivagus
Porcellio saxatilis Schöbl, 1861 = nomen dubium
Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804
SYN. – Oniscus granulatus, Philoscia tuberculata, P. asper, brandtii, dubius C. Koch,
gemmulatus, graniger Miers, graniger White, granulatus Brébisson, granulatus Milne-
Edwards, marginalis Mulaik, montesumae, nigra, nodieri, sociabilis, tristis, toyamaensis
Orig. descr.: LATREILLE 1804.
Figs.: SARS 1898; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1901; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Phyl.: MATTERN 2003; WIRKNER & RICHTER 2003.
Fossil: STROUHAL 1954a; BAAS 1982; DALENS & BOUTHIER 1985.
Morph.: VERHOEFF 1917f, 1920a; ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930a; UNWIN 1932; MEINERTZ 1934;
GRUNER 1953; HENKE 1961; RISLER 1977; HOESE 1981, 1982a, 1984d, 1989; HOESE & JANSEN
1984, 1989; SCHMALFUSS 1983c; HAUG & ALTNER 1984a, 1984b; TOMESCU & CRACIUN 1987;
ERHARD 1996, 1997; ZIMMER 1998.
Anat.: LEYDIG 1878; HUET 1883; NĚMEC 1896; SCHÖNICHEN 1898; STOLLER 1899; REINDERS 1933;
LATTIN 1939a; GRUNER 1953; SILÉN 1954a, 1954b; AKAHIRA 1956; RISLER 1977; HAUG &
ALTNER 1984a, 1984b; KÜMMEL 1984; STORCH 1987; STORCH et alii 1987; LANE 1988; HAMES
& HOPKIN 1989; STORCH & ŠTRUS 1989; ŠTRUS & STORCH 1991; HUBER 1992; ŠTRUS et alii
1995; DROBNE & ŠTRUS 1996b; ERHARD 1996, 1997; ZIEGLER 1997; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001;
MOLNAR et alii 2003; POLLAK et alii 2003; WIRKNER & RICHTER 2003.
Sense organs: LATTIN 1939b; FISCHBACH 1955; KUERS 1961; GUPTA 1962; ZIMMER et alii 1996.
Cytol., ultrastr.: HRYNIEWIECKA-SZYFTER 1972; BABULA & BIELAWSKI 1976; BIELAWSKI & BABULA
1980; BABULA 1981; BETTICA et alii 1984, 1987; STORCH 1982; FOGARTY & WITKUS 1989;
206
WÄGELE & WALTER 1990; DROBNE et alii 1996; ŽNIDARŠIĆ & ŠTRUS 1996; DROBNE et alii
1999; KOSTANJŠEK et alii 2003.
Cuticle, molt: HEROLD 1913; GEORGE & SHEARD 1954; MESSNER 1965; WIESER 1965a; SZYFTER
1966; HOLDICH & LINCOLN 1974; SCHMALFUSS 1975a, 1978b; HOLDICH 1984; ANSENNE et alii
1988; ZIEGLER 1994, 1996, 1997a, 1997b; ZIEGLER & ALTNER 1995; DROBNE & ŠTRUS 1996a;
ZIDAR et alii 1998; ZIEGLER & MERZ 1999; GLÖTZNER & ZIEGLER 2000, 2002; HAGEDORN &
ZIEGLER 2002; ZIEGLER et alii 2002; BECKER et alii 2003; FABRITIUS & ZIEGLER 2003;
HAGEDORN et alii 2003; DROBNE & ŠTRUS 1996.
Glands: HUET 1883; GORVETT 1951, 1952, 1956; MESSNER 1963a, 1963b; HOLDICH & MAYES
1975; RADU & CRACIUN 1976; KOBUSCH 1994; WEIRICH & ZIEGLER 1997.
Respir.: MÖDLINGER 1931; EDNEY & SPENCER 1955.
Physiol.: GUNN 1937; AUZOU 1953; BARLOW & KUENEN 1953; SPENCER & EDNEY 1954; JEUNIAUX
1956; NEWCOMER 1956; AKAHIRA 1957; WIESER 1963a, 1963b, 1965b, 1965c; TASCHENBERGER
1967; LINDQUIST 1968, 1970, 1971, 1972a, 1972b; SAITO 1969; HOROWITZ 1970; LINDQUIST et
alii 1972; SALMINEN & LINDQUIST 1972; WIESER & SCHWEIZER 1972; NEWELL et alii 1974;
LINDQUIST & FITZGERALD 1976; HORNUNG 1981a; COENEN-STASS 1984a, 1989a; TAKEDA &
MIZUNO 1989; CAREFOOT et alii 1991; TAKEDA 1991; WRIGHT & O’DONNELL 1992, 1993;
ZIEGLER & SCHOLZ 1997; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998; JEREB et alii 2003.
Genet.: VANDEL 1945b; WANG & SCHREIBER 1999b.
Sex det.: VANDEL 1941a; LATTIN 1949, 1951.
Reprod.: SCHÖBL 1880; MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; AMANIEU 1965; SASSAMAN 1978; ZIMMER &
KAUTZ 1997; GLAZIER et alii 2003.
Pop. dyn.: DAVIS 1984; WANG & SCHREIBER 1999b; ZIMMER 2002b.
Ontog.: REINHARD 1887; ROULE 1891; WIESER 1966b; TOMESCU & CRACIUN 1987.
Behav.: TORREY & HAYS 1914; ABBOTT 1918; ALLEE 1926; GUNN 1937; CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON
1956b; BAKKER 1956; BOER 1961; HUGHES 1967; MENER 1967a, 1967b; BEALE & WEBSTER
1971; DAVIS et alii 1977; LUDWIG 1978; TAKEDA 1984; SCHÄFER 1986; HASSALL et alii 1992,
2002; DANGERFIELD & HASSALL 1994; SCHNEIDER & GLASS 1993.
Life history: HEELEY 1941a; SUTTON et alii 1984.
Nutr.: BIWER 1961a; WIESER 1965b; HASSALL & RUSHTON 1982, 1984, 1985; SOMA & SAITO
1983; STORCH 1984; SHAY et alii 1985; HASSALL et alii 1987; STÖCKLI 1990; SZLAVECZ &
MAIORANA 1991, 1998; WENSEM et alii 1993; BAUER & CHRISTIAN 1995; DROBNE & ŠTRUS
1996a, 1996b; BIBIČ et alii 1997; DANIEL et alii 1997; ZIMMER 1997, 1998, 1999; ZIMMER &
TOPP 1997a, 1997b, 1998a, 1998b, 1998c, 2000b; LAVY et alii 2001; KAUTZ et alii 2002;
ZIMMER 2002b; ZIMMER & TOPP 2002; KOSTANJŠEK et alii 2003; WEISSENBURG & ZIMMER 2003.
Symbionts: MATTHES 1950, 1986; WOOD & GRIFFITHS 1988; KOSTANJŠEK et alii 2003, 2004.
Heavy metal: WIESER 1966a; BEEBY 1978; JOOSSE et alii 1981; HOPKIN et alii 1985, 1986, 1993;
PROSI & DALLINGER 1988; HOPKIN et alii 1989; HOPKIN 1990b; HOPKIN & HAMES 1994; JONES
& HOPKIN 1996; FARKAS et alii 1996; ABDEL-LATEIF et alii 1998; COENEN-STASS 1998;
DONKER et alii 1998a, 1998b; WITZEL 2000; POKARZHEVSKII & VAN STRAALEN 2001;
WEISSENBURG & ZIMMER 2003.
Ecol.: BRERETON 1957; BRUSCA, G. 1966; WIESER 1966b; AMANIEU 1969; BARMAYER 1975;
HASSALL & SUTTON 1978; COLE & MORRIS 1980; DAVIS 1984; SASSAMAN & GARTHWAITE 1984;
HOPKIN & MARTIN 1985; ROGNES 1986; EL-AAL & HOLDICH 1987; DANGERFIELD 1989;
GRIFFITHS et alii 1989; HASSALL & DANGERFIELD 1989; HOPKIN, HAMES & BRAGG 1989; SUTTON
& HARDING 1989; HOPKIN 1990b; HASSALL & DAVIS 1992; SASTRODIJARDJO & VAN STRAELEN
1993; DANGERFIELD & HASSALL 1994; HASSALL 1996; DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997;
JUDAS & HAUSER 1998; HASSALL et alii 2002; ZIMMER 2003; ZIMMER et alii 2003.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); ARCANGELI 1932i (America), 1950c (I);
MEINERTZ 1938 (Iceland), 1964 (DK); PALMÉN 1946a (SF); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); VANDEL
1962b (F), 1967a (BG); GRUNER 1966a (D); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL); HARDING & SUTTON 1985
(British Isles); SAITO et alii 2000 (Japan); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); GREEN et alii
2002 (Australia).
DISTR. – Europe except SE. Introduced to many parts of the world.
Porcellio scabriusculus Mulaik, 1960
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.).
DISTR. – Mexico: “Km 132 de la carretera México-Laredo”.
REMARKS. – Probably not a member of the genus Porcellio.
Porcellio scitus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Lucasius s.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; NORMAN 1899; VANDEL 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; BORUTZKY
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio semigranosus Costa, 1882 = nomen dubium (compare ARCANGELI 1950a: 160)
Porcellio septentrionalis Vandel, 1954
DISTR. – Canary Islands: La Palma and Tenerife.
207
Porcellio serialis C. Koch, 1841 = nomen dubium

Porcellio sexfasciatus C. Koch, 1847 = nomen dubium (described from “Greece” and probably
identical with one of the Greek species of Orthometopon, but no safe ascription possible).
Porcellio sexfasciatus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Porcellionides s.
Porcellio siculoccidentalis Viglianisi, Lombardo & Caruso, 1992
BIBL. – VIGLIANISI et alii 1992 (figs.); MAIO 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Sicily.
Porcellio silvestrii Arcangeli, 1924
SYN. – P. curvisetosus, monticola s., perplexus
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1924b, 1925b, 1952g; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1942c; VANDEL 1951a (figs.),
1954g, 1958f (figs., map); SCHMÖLZER 1955a (figs.), 1965b, 1971; POLLO ZORITA 1982b;
CRUZ 1990 (figs.), 1991a.
Porcellio simulator Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Metoponorthus sabuleti, P. linsenmairi, sabuleti
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; ARCANGELI 1934b, 1958a; VERHOEFF 1938d;
SCHMALFUSS 1989b (figs.); CARUSO & MAIO 1990a (figs.); MEDINI & CHARFI-CHEIKHROUHA
1999 (figs.); RÖDER & LINSENMAIR 1999.
DISTR. – Northern and central Algeria; Tunisia. It is doubtful whether P. s. sublaevis
described from the Canary Islands (Lanzarote) should be considered a subspecies of P. s.
or a separate species (compare HOESE 1984c).
Porcellio sinensis Arcangeli, 1927 = Nagurus s.
Porcellio sociabilis L. Koch, 1901 = P. scaber
"Porcellio" solifugus Iwamoto, 1943
BIBL. – IWAMOTO 1943 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Porcellio sordidus Budde-Lund, 1885 = P. hoffmannseggii (subspecies)
Porcellio sorrentinus (Verhoeff, 1918) = Caeroplastes s.
Porcellio spatula Dollfus, 1905 = Agabiformius s.
“Porcellio” spatulata Barnard, 1940 (nomen praeocc.)
Porcellio spatulatus Costa, 1882
SYN. – P. latissimus
BIBL. – COSTA 1882, 1883; TUA 1900; BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1924d, 1931d, 1950a;
VANDEL 1954n; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; CRUZ 1991a; MAIO
1996 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and surrounding islands, northern Tunisia.
Porcellio sphinx Verhoeff, 1931 = P. lamellatus
Porcellio spinicornis Say, 1818
SYN. – P. germanicus, melanocephalus, mixtus, pictus
Orig. descr.: SAY 1818.
Descr., figs.: SARS 1898!; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMIDT 2003!!.
Syst.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMIDT 2003.
Morph.: LEYDIG 1878.
Anat.: SILÉN 1954a, 1954b.
Cuticle, molt: STEEL 1980.
Physiol.: ALIKHAN 1984; BUKHARI & ALIKHAN 1984; BAGATTO & ALIKHAN 1986; ALIKHAN & NAICH
1987; ALIKHAN & PANI 1989.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1962b.
Pop. dyn.: MCQUEEN & CARNIO 1974; MCQUEEN 1976a, 1976c.
Heavy metal: ALIKHAN 1993, 2003a, 2003b.
Ecol.: VANDEL 1962b; MCQUEEN & CARNIO 1974; IRWIN 1985; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; TOMESCU
et alii 1995.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); POLK 1957 (B,
map), 1959a (B); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); VANDEL 1962b (F); MEINERTZ 1964
(DK, map); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map);
SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); CRUZ 1991b (E);
WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); KONTSCHÁN 2003 (H, map).
DISTR. – Northern and central Europe; introduced to North America.
Porcellio spinifrons Brandt, 1833 = Cylisticus convexus
Porcellio spinipennis Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. pujetanus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1910, 1928d, 1932b, 1933b, 1936b, 1938d;
VANDEL 1948f, 1951a, 1954m, 1962b (p. 732, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA
1989c, 1995b; ARGANO et alii 1995; JEPPESEN 2000.
208
Porcellio spinipennis montanus Budde-Lund, 1885 = P. montanus

Porcellio spinipes Dollfus, 1893
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893c, 1896b; ARCANGELI 1930a; HOESE 1984c; MAIO & CARUSO 1991a (figs.);
RODRÍGUEZ & VICENTE 1992a (figs.); MACÍAS et alii 2003.
DISTR. – Eastern Canary Islands.
Porcellio spretus Budde-Lund, 1885
DISTR. – Sicily.
REMARKS. – Perhaps a synonym of Trachelipus arcuatus (compare SCHMIDT 1997: 152).
Porcellio squamuliger Verhoeff, 1907 = Trachelipus s.
Porcellio steini Arcangeli, 1934 = Porcellionides myrmecophilus
Porcellio stentai Arcangeli, 1926 = Oroniscus s.
Porcellio strandi Strouhal, 1937 = P. pumicatus
Porcellio striatus Schnitzler, 1853 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio stricticauda (Dollfus, 1893) = Soteriscus s.
Porcellio strinatii Vandel, 1960
BIBL. – VANDEL 1960c (figs.) ; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; HOESE 1984c.
Porcellio studienstiftius Hoese, 1985
"Porcellio" submaritimus Iwamoto, 1943
BIBL. – IWAMOTO 1943 (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
Porcellio succinctus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1892b; ARCANGELI 1924b (figs.), 1925b; VANDEL 1955b
(figs.), 1958f; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio sumichrasti Saussure, 1857 = P. laevis
Porcellio sundaicus Dollfus, 1898 = Nagurus s.
Porcellio sundaicus Arcangeli, 1927 = Mongoloniscus vannamei
Porcellio swammerdamii Audouin, 1826 = nomen dubium
Porcellio sylvestris C. Koch, 1838 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio sylvestris Sill, 1862 = Trachelipus ratzeburgii
Porcellio syrensis Verhoeff, 1902 = Leptotrichus s.
Porcellio syriacus Brandt, 1833 = P. obsoletus
Porcellio syriacus C. Koch, 1847 = Hemilepistus reaumurii
Porcellio taeniatus Schöbl, 1861 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio taeniola C. Koch, 1835 = Oniscus asellus
Porcellio tardus Budde-Lund, 1885 = Mica t.
Porcellio taygetinus Strouhal, 1938 = P. messenicus
Porcellio tentaculatus Vieira, 1982
BIBL. – VIEIRA 1982.
REMARKS. – Seems to be a synonym of P. scaber.
Porcellio teodoroi Arcangeli, 1927 = Paraleptotrichus t.
Porcellio testaceus Budde-Lund, 1908 = Tura t.
Porcellio tetramoerus Schnitzler, 1853 = Trachelipus rathki
Porcellio tiberianus Verhoeff, 1923 = nomen dubium (compare SCHMALFUSS 1992a: 5)
Porcellio tigrinus Colosi, 1921 = P. olivieri
Porcellio tirolensis L. Koch, 1901 = nomen dubium
Porcellio toriger Verhoeff, 1907 = nomen dubium (compare SCHMIDT 1997: 241)
Porcellio tortonesei Arcangeli, 1932
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932o (figs.); BRIAN 1938b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NW-Italy: province Savona.
Porcellio toyamaensis Nunomura, 1980 = P. scaber
Porcellio trachealis Budde-Lund, 1885 = Trachelipus t.
Porcellio transmutatus Budde-Lund, 1885 = P. variabilis
Porcellio trilineatus C. Koch, 1841 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio trilobatus Stein, 1859 = Trachelipus t.
Porcellio tripolitanus Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1908d, 1938d, 1943b; ARCANGELI 1924a; SCHMALFUSS 1989b (figs.);
CARUSO & MAIO 1993 (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-Libya.
Porcellio tripolitanus pelagicus Arcangeli, 1957 = P. buddelundi
Porcellio trispinus Schmölzer, 1971 = nomen nudum
Porcellio tristis Zaddach, 1844 = P. scaber
Porcellio trivittatus Lereboullet, 1853 = Trachelipus rathii
Porcellio troschelii Schnitzler, 1853 = P. laevis
209
Porcellio truncatus Brandt, 1833 = Niambia t.

Porcellio turolensis Cruz, 1992
BIBL. – CRUZ 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Spain: Teruel.
Porcellio uljanini Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1972b; JEPPESEN 2000.
Porcellio uniformis C. Koch, 1841 = Porcellionides pruinosus
Porcellio urbicus C. Koch, 1844 = P. laevis
Porcellio vandeli Arcangeli, 1927 = Nagurus v.
Porcellio vandeli Verhoeff, 1938
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938a (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Porcellio vannamei Arcangeli, 1927 = Mongoloniscus v.
Porcellio vareae Radu, 1949 = Trachelipus ater
Porcellio variabilis Lucas, 1849
BIBL. – LUCAS 1849; SIMON 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1938d; ARCANGELI 1930a,
1932f; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; VANDEL 1951a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; MEDINI &
CHARFI-CHEIKHROUHA 1998 (figs.).
DISTR. – Morocco; northern Algeria; Tunisia.
Porcellio varius C. Koch, 1841 = Trachelipus rathkii
Porcellio vedadoensis (Boone, 1918) = P. lamellatus
Porcellio verhoeffi Dahl, 1916 = P. pumicatus
Porcellio vesiculosus Brian, 1930 = Agabiformius obtusus
Porcellio vespertilio Budde-Lund, 1896 = Trachelipus v.
Porcellio vestitus Racovitza, 1908 = Agabiformius lentus
Porcellio villiersi Paulian de Félice, 1939
Porcellio violaceus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – P. amoenus Dollfus, banyulensis, explanatus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1892b, 1893d; COLLINGE 1915a; VERHOEFF 1938d; PAULIAN
DE FÉLICE 1941c, 1942c; VANDEL 1941b, 1950d, 1951a (figs.), 1953h, 1958f (map), 1962b
(p. 702, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; POLLO ZORITA 1986a; CRUZ 1991a; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – NE-Spain; SW-France.
Porcellio virgatus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Porcellionides v.
Porcellio wagneri Brandt, 1841
BIBL. – BRANDT 1841; LUCAS 1849 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1896b; VERHOEFF 1907b,
1933c, 1938d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; VANDEL 1958e.
DISTR. – Southern Spain; ?northern Morocco; northern Algeria.
Porcellio werneri Strouhal, 1929
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929a (figs.), 1937d, 1937g; RADU, V. G. 1958; SFENTHOURAKIS et alii 1999.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean islands Náxos, Páros and Amorgós.
REMARKS. – While SCHMALFUSS (1979b) considers this form a subspecies of P.
flavomarginatus the morphological differences towards P. flavomarginatus warrant a
status as separate species. Further research is necessary for final conclusions.
Porcellio xavieri Arcangeli, 1958
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1958a (figs.); VANDEL 1960b (figs.).
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio yemenensis Barnard, 1941
BIBL. – BARNARD 1941; FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.), 1996a; KHEIRALLAH & ABBOUD 1989;
TAITI & FERRARA 1989b; SCHMALFUSS 1992a (figs.).
DISTR. – Yemen; western Saudi Arabia: Jiddah.
Porcellio zarcoi Vandel, 1960
DISTR. – Madeira.
Porcellio zavattarii Arcangeli, 1927 = Lucasioides z.
Porcellio zealandicus Miers, 1876 = Porcellionides pruinosus
P o r c e l l i o n i d e s Miers, 1877
REMARKS. – Nomenclatural situation see SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA (1978: 87).
Porcellionides advena (Stuxberg, 1872)
SYN. – Porcellio a.
BIBL. – STUXBERG 1872 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SE-Brazil: Minas Gerais.
Porcellionides antalyensis (Verhoeff, 1941)
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SYN. – Metoponorthus a.
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Antalya.
Porcellionides approximatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
DISTR. – Ukraine.
Porcellionides apulicus Arcangeli, 1932
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932o (figs.), 1952h; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: province Bari.
Porcellionides asiaticus (Uljanin, 1875) = Protracheoniscus a.
Porcellionides asifensis (Verhoeff, 1938)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938a (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Porcellionides aternanus (Verhoeff, 1931)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.), 1933b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: region of L’Aquila.
Porcellionides attarum (Verhoeff, 1941)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a, 1943d, 1949a; ERMIN 1944 (figs.).
DISTR. – European part of Turkey.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of P. myrmecophilus.
Porcellionides bagnalli Collinge, 1942 = P. pruinosus
Porcellionides bermudezi Boone, 1934
SYN. – Metoponorthus b.
BIBL. – BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1981; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with P. pruinosus.
Porcellionides breviramus Shen, 1949 = P. pruinosus
Porcellionides brunneus (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Metoponorthus b., Porcellio b.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – ?Guyana: E Georgetown (BRANDT 1833 gives “Demerary” as type locality; a river E
Georgetown is called “Demerara”).
Porcellionides buddelundi (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Metoponorthus b., Porcellio atlanticus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901a, 1918a; ARCANGELI 1936g; VANDEL 1946b; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b,
1971.
DISTR. – Portugal and Spain.
Porcellionides cavernarum (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Metoponorthus delattini c., P. delattini c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b, 1964c; SCHMALFUSS 1972a; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs., map).
DISTR. – Central Crete.
Porcellionides chilensis (Dana, 1853) = nomen dubium (synonym of Porcellio chilensis Dana)
Porcellionides cilicius (Verhoeff, 1918)
SYN. – Metoponorthus c., almanus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.), 1941a, 1943b, 1949a; VANDEL 1955f (figs.); VERHOEFF &
STROUHAL 1967 (figs.); STROUHAL 1968c (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon.
Porcellionides cingendus (Kinahan, 1857)
SYN. – Metoponorthus c., simplex, Porcellio c., lusitanorum
BIBL. – KINAHAN 1857; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a; SCHARFF 1894; PACK-BERESFORD & FOSTER
1911; VERHOEFF 1917f; ARCANGELI 1936g (figs.); VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1948f, 1962b (p.
614, figs.); LEGRAND 1949, 1953b; EDNEY 1953a; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971; VIVAR et
alii 1984; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON
2000.
DISTR. – Southern British Isles; Atlantic coasts of France, Spain and Portugal.
Porcellionides coxalis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus c., Porcellio c.
Porcellionides cyprius (Strouhal, 1968)
SYN. – Metoponorthus c.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1968c (figs.).
DISTR. – Cyprus.
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Porcellionides davisi Mulaik & Mulaik, 1943 = Agabiformius lentus

Porcellionides decioi Arcangeli, 1924 = Acaeroplastes melanurus
Porcellionides delattini (Verhoeff, 1941)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a (figs.); VANDEL 1955f (p. 528).
DISTR. – SW-Turkey: Burdur and Taurus Mountains; Lebanon.
Porcellionides delattini cavernarum (Vandel, 1958) = P. cavernarum
Porcellionides denticulatus Shen, 1949 = nomen dubium
Porcellionides depressiorum (Verhoeff, 1943)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943b.
DISTR. – Eastern Turkey: south of Elaziğ.
Porcellionides dimorphus Jackson, 1926 = Porcellio dispar
Porcellionides divergens (Verhoeff, 1949)
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Adana.
Porcellionides elegans (Pollo Zorita, 1982)
SYN. – Metoponorthus e.
BIBL. – POLLO ZORITA 1982a (figs.), 1986b.
DISTR. – Southern Portugal; central Spain: region of Madrid.
Porcellionides fagei Paulian de Félice, 1939
Porcellionides floria Garthwaite & Sassaman, 1985
BIBL. – GARTHWAITE & SASSAMAN 1985 (figs.); GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992.
DISTR. – Southern USA and Mexico.
REMARKS. – Very probably a synonym of P. pruinosus.
Porcellionides frontosus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus f.
DISTR. – Northern Algeria: Oran.
Porcellionides fuegiensis (Dana, 1853) = nomen dubium (synonym of Porcellio f.)
Porcellionides fuscomarmoratus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus f.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1892b, 1896b; VANDEL 1953h (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1971; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993 (figs.), 1996; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Spain; Balearic Islands; northern Algeria.
Porcellionides fuscovariegatus (Lucas, 1849) = Soteriscus f.
Porcellionides ghigii (Arcangeli, 1932)
SYN. – Porcellio g.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932f (figs.); PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a.
DISTR. – Central Morocco: region of Marrakesch.
Porcellionides glaber (C. Koch, 1856) = nomen dubium (synonym of Porcellio g.)
Porcellionides habanensis Van Name, 1936
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); RIOJA 1957a (figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba: La Habana.
Porcellionides hidalguensis (Mulaik, 1960) = Agabiformius lentus
Porcellionides hispidus (Miers, 1877)
SYN. – Metoponorthus h., Porcellio h.
BIBL. – MIERS 1877b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; LINCOLN & ELLIS 1974.
DISTR. – “Mongolia”.
REMARKS. – Ascription to genus doubtful.
Porcellionides kosswigi (Vandel, 1980)
SYN. – Irakoniscus k.
DISTR. – Iraq: Haditha.
Porcellionides lepineyi Paulian de Félice, 1939
Porcellionides linearis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus l., Porcellio l.
Porcellionides litoralis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Protracheoniscus l.
Porcellionides mateui (Vandel, 1954)
SYN. – Metoponorthus m. (Vandel, 1954), Porcellio m.
212
Porcellionides melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Acaeroplastes m.

Porcellionides meleagris (Budde-Lund, 1885) = P. pruinosus
Porcellionides minutissimus (Boone, 1918)
BIBL. – BOONE, P. 1918 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936 (p. 250, figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Bahamas.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of P. pruinosus.
Porcellionides molleri (Verhoeff, 1901) = P. sexfasciatus
“Porcellionides” muelleri Arcangeli, 1926
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1926a.
DISTR. – NW-Croatia.
REMARKS. – According to the description this is one of the species of Orthometopon
described from the area.
Porcellionides mulaiki Van Name, 1936 = “P.” virgatus
Porcellionides murisieri Arcangeli, 1924 = Trichophiloscia m.
Porcellionides myrmecophilus (Stein, 1859)
SYN. – Metoponorthus abanteorum, cattarensis, graevei, m., myrmicidarum, nitidus,
Porcellio cattarensis, m., steini, P. graevei, sikinius
BIBL. – STEIN 1859; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1918a; ARCANGELI 1922a, 1924e; JACKSON
1928a; STROUHAL 1929a, 1936b, 1937f, 1937g (figs.), 1954b; VANDEL 1962b (p. 623, figs.),
1967a, 1969c; RADU, V. G. 1951c (figs.); KARAMAN 1966b; SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1972b,
1975b, 1979b, 1981a, 1999; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; SCHMALFUSS & SCHAWALLER 1984;
CARUSO et alii 1987; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b, 1993a; MANICASTRI &
TAITI 1994; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Mediterranean region, also Romania.
Porcellionides nigricans (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Metoponorthus n., Porcellio limbatus, n.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; BUDDE-LUND 1885.
DISTR. – Unknown.
Porcellionides nigrobrunneus (Budde-Lund, 1896) = P. pruinosus
Porcellionides nitidus (Radu, 1951) = P. myrmecophilus
Porcellionides olivarum (Verhoeff, 1928)
SYN. – Metoponorthus o.
Porcellionides parcus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus p.
DISTR. – “Algeria”.
Porcellionides peregrinus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
DISTR. – ?Burma.
Porcellionides pica (Dollfus, 1892)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892c (figs.).
DISTR. – Near East, around Dead Sea.
Porcellionides planus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Orthometopon p.
Porcellionides politulus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
Porcellionides pruinosus (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Metoponorthus anatolicus, nigrobrunneus, p., swammerdami, Porcellio epirotes,
flavovittatus, frontalis, jelskii, maculicornis, neozelandicus, p., schwencki, uniformis,
zealandicus, P. bagnalli, meleagris, nigrobrunneus, swammerdami, nigrobrunneus
Orig. descr.: BRANDT 1833 (Porcellio p.).
Figs.: SARS 1898; CARL 1908a; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: VERHOEFF 1951a; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; SCHMALFUSS
& FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & HARDING 1985.
Fossil: BAAS 1982.
Morph.: VANDEL 1925b, 1943, 1946b; UNWIN 1932; LATTIN 1939a; SHIMOIZUMI 1951, 1952a,
1952b, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1959, 1961; MENON et alii 1969; SCHMALFUSS 1972a; GARTHWAITE
& SASSAMAN 1985.
Anat.: SHIMOIZUMI 1951, 1952a, 1952b, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1959, 1961; ALIKHAN 1968c.
Nervous system: SATIJA et alii 1967.
Sense organs: ABRAHAM & WOLSKY 1930b.
213
Mol. biol.: GARTHWAITE & SASSAMAN 1985; MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000; MATTERN 2003.
Cuticle, molt: ERMIN 1944a; EL-KIFL et alii 1971; SCHMALFUSS 1978b; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA
1978; HOLDICH 1984; HADLEY & HENDRICKS 1985.
Respir.: MÖDLINGER 1931; AL-DABBAGH & MARINA 1986.
Physiol.: REICHLE 1967; CLOUDSLEY-THOMPSON 1969; EBISUNO & TAKIMOTO 1982; QUINLAN &
HADLEY 1983.
Genet.: LATTIN 1939a.
Sex det.: SHIMOIZUMI 1951, 1952a, 1952b, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1959, 1961.
Reprod.: PIERCE 1907; MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; SHIMOIZUMI 1951, 1952a, 1952b, 1954, 1955,
1958, 1959, 1961, 1962; SHEREEF 1970; EL-KIFL et alii 1971; JUCHAULT et alii 1985;
DANGERFIELD & TELFORD 1990, 1995a; TELFORD & DANGERFIELD 1995.
Pop. dyn.: SHIMOIZUMI 1951, 1952a, 1952b, 1954, 1955, 1958, 1959, 1961.
Ontog.: LANE 1977; DANGERFIELD & TELFORD 1995a; DANGERFIELD 1997; HUSSEIN et alii 1997.
Behav.: ALIKHAN 1968a; TAKEDA 1984.
Nutr.: NAIR et alii 1989.
Ecol.: PIERCE 1907; THOMPSON 1920b; FRITSCHE 1936; MEINERTZ 1944b; BRERETON 1957; VANDEL
1962b; BEYER 1964; GRUNER 1966a; DAVIS 1989; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; SFENTHOURAKIS
1992b; DANGERFIELD 1997; LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); VANDEL 1962b; MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); GRUNER 1966a; DOMINIAK
1970b (PL, map); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1971; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; HARDING & SUTTON 1985
(British Isles, map); CARUSO et alii 1987 (Sicily, Malta, map); SAITO et alii 2000 (Japan);
WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map); GREEN et alii 2002 (Australia).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; STROUHAL 1968c.
DISTR. – Originally Mediterranean, synanthropically cosmopolitan.
Porcellionides rectifrons (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus r.
Porcellionides reticulorum (Verhoeff, 1943)
DISTR. – Western Turkey: Bosporus.
REMARKS. – Very probably a synonym of P. pruinosus.
Porcellionides rogoulti Paulian de Félice, 1939
Porcellionides rufocinctus (Dollfus, 1892)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892b (figs.), 1893d; SCHMÖLZER 1971.
Porcellionides sardiniae Arcangeli, 1932 = Caeroplastes porphyrivagus
Porcellionides sardous (Verhoeff, 1918) = Acaeroplastes melanurus
Porcellionides saussurei (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Metoponorthus s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896a (figs.); RICHARDSON 1905; VAN NAME 1936, 1940 (figs.), 1942; MULAIK
1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico.
Porcellionides schwencki (Moreira, 1927) = P. pruinosus
Porcellionides sexfasciatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus s., Porcellio molleri, s., P. variabilis
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; ARCANGELI 1924d, 1934b; VAN NAME 1936; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE
1939a; VANDEL 1946b, 1953h (figs.), 1962b (p. 608, figs.); VANDEL & MATSAKIS 1959a;
AMANIEU 1969; CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970; MEAD 1970, 1976; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
SCHULTZ 1972a; MEAD et alii 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; GREEN 1978; TAITI & FERRARA
1980b, 1989c, 1996; SCHMALFUSS 1982b; CIFUENTES 1984; HOESE 1984c; VIVAR et alii 1984;
CARUSO et alii 1987; ZARDO & LOYOLA E SILVA 1988; CRUZ 1991a; ARGANO & MANICASTRI
1991, 1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1993, 1996; ARAUJO et alii 1996 (figs.); ASHMOLE et alii 1996;
SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002; MATTERN
2003.
DISTR. – Western Mediterranean region; introduced to many other parts of the world.
Porcellionides sikinius Strouhal, 1937 = P. myrmecophilus
Porcellionides simrothi (Verhoeff, 1918) = Caeroplastes porphyrivagus
Porcellionides subterraneus (Verhoeff, 1923)
SYN. – Metoponorthus myrmecophilus s., s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1923; VANDEL 1955f (p. 527).
DISTR. – Lebanon; northern Israel.
REMARKS. – Probably conspecific with P. myrmecophilus.
Porcellionides swammerdamii (Audouin, 1826) = P. pruinosus
Porcellionides tingitanus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
214
SYN. – Metoponorthus t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1918a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Morocco.
Porcellionides trifasciatus (Dollfus, 1892)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892c (figs.), 1894; WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
Porcellionides uniformis (C. Koch, 1841) = P. pruinosus
Porcellionides variabilis (Jackson 1926) = P. sexfasciatus
Porcellionides virescens (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Soteriscus v.
“Porcellionides” virgatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus v., Porcellio v., P. mulaiki
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; VAN NAME 1936 (figs.), 1940, 1942;
MULAIK & MULAIK 1942, 1943; MULAIK 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1975, 1977a, 1982c (figs.);
GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000; ZIMMER et
alii 2002.
DISTR. – Southeastern USA; Mexico.
Porcellionides viridis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus v.
Porcellionides wollastoni Paulian de Félice, 1939 = Soteriscus w.
P o r c e l l i u m Dahl, 1916
Porcellium balkanicum Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936a (figs.); STROUHAL 1939h (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1965c;
SCHMALFUSS 1996a.
DISTR. – Northern Bulgaria.
Porcellium bohemicum Černy, 1939 = nomen dubium (compare SCHMALFUSS 1996a)
Porcellium collicola (Verhoeff, 1907)
SYN. – Porcellidium c., P. novibazarium
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1933b; STROUHAL 1929e, 1940b; FRANKENBERGER 1959; GERE 1959,
1962; KARAMAN 1966b; DOMINIAK 1970b; SCHMÖLZER 1974b; TOMESCU et alii 1979; FLASAR &
FLASAROVÁ 1989; TOMESCU et alii 1992, 1995; FLASAROVÁ 1993, 1994, 1995, 1999; ALLSPACH
& SZLAVECZ 1990; SZLAVECZ 1995; ALLSPACH 1996; SCHMALFUSS 1996a (figs., map); FORRÓ &
FARKAS 1998; TAJOVSKY 1998; FARKAS et alii 1999; KONTSCHÁN 2001a; TUF 2003; VILISICS &
FARKAS 2004.
DISTR. – SE-Germany; SW-Poland; Czechia; Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; southern
Yugoslavia; Romania; Moldavia; northern Greece.
Porcellium conspersum (C. Koch, 1841)
SYN. – Porcellio c., crassicornis, P. triangulifer
Orig. descr.: KOCH, C. 1841 (Porcellio c.).
Figs.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Syst.: STROUHAL 1929e; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Morph.: GRUNER 1953.
Anat.: TOMESCU 1974a; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001.
Physiol.: TOMESCU & RADU 1971; TOMESCU 1972a.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.
Ontog.: TOMESCU 1974b.
Ecol.: FRITSCHE 1936; BEYER 1958, 1964; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; ERHARD 1992; SCHEU &
POSER 1996; DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997; JUDAS & HAUSER 1998; ZIMMER et alii 2000;
TUF 2003.
Distr.: RADU, V. G. 1939 (RO); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); POLK
1959a (B); VANDEL 1962b (F); MEINERTZ 1964 (DK, map); GRUNER 1966a (D); DOMINIAK
1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); POTOČNIK 1981 (Slovenia); FLASAROVÁ 1986a,
1988, 1995 (former CS); JEDRYCZKOWSKI 1987, 1994 (PL); KOFLER 1989 (A); ALLSPACH
1992 (D, map); SCHMALFUSS 1996a (Ukraine); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); WOUTERS et
alii 2000 (B, map); KONTSCHÁN 2003 (H, map); SOESBERGEN 1999 (NL).
DISTR. – Continental temperate Europe (known from the Netherlands; NE-France; Germany;
Denmark; Switzerland; Austria; Czechia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Poland; Romania; Ukraine).
Porcellium euboicum Schmalfuss, 1986
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1986a (figs.), 1996a (figs.).
DISTR. – Central Greece: island Évia.
Porcellium fiumanum (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Porcellio f., P. herzegovinense
215
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901f, 1907b, 1917d, 1919b, 1928d, 1939f, 1941e, 1942h; DAHL 1919;
STROUHAL 1948c, 1951; GRUNER 1953, 1966a (figs.); STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; KARAMAN
1966a, 1966b; SCHMÖLZER 1974b; POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; ARGANO et alii
1995; SCHMALFUSS 1996a; MATTERN 2003.
DISTR. – SE-Germany; Austria; NE-Italy; former Yugoslavia.
Porcellium frontacutum Schmalfuss, 1996
DISTR. – NE-Greece: Rodopes Mountains.
Porcellium graecorum Strouhal, 1954
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1954b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1986a, 1996a (figs.).
Porcellium graevei Verhoeff, 1919 = P. recurvatum
Porcellium herzegovinense Verhoeff, 1901 = P. fiumanum
Porcellium horvathi (Dollfus, 1901) = nomen dubium (compare SCHMALFUSS 1996a)
Porcellium kerkinianum Schmalfuss, 1996
DISTR. – SE-Macedonia; northern Greece: Kerkini Mountains.
Porcellium nodulosum (C. Koch, 1838) = Trachelipus n.
Porcellium novibazarium Verhoeff, 1933 = P. collicola
Porcellium pieperi Schmalfuss, 1986
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1986a (figs.), 1996a (figs.); SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b.
DISTR. – Northern Greece: Olympus, Piéria and Vérmion Mountains.
Porcellium productum Frankenberger, 1940
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1940d (figs.), 1941a; KARAMAN 1966b.
Porcellium recurvatum Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – Porcellio r., P. graevei, rhodopinum, storkani, witoschicum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d, 1907b, 1919b, 1933b, 1936a, 1939f; FRANKENBERGER 1940d; GRUNER
1966a; KARAMAN 1966b; VANDEL 1967a; SCHMÖLZER 1974b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b;
SCHMALFUSS 1986a, 1996a (figs.); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; ANDREEV 2002; FARKAS 2004b.
DISTR. – Austria; western and southern Hungary; former Yugoslavia; western Bulgaria;
northern Greece.
Porcellium rhodopinum Vandel, 1967 = P. recurvatum
Porcellium serbicum Buturović, 1960
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1960 (figs.); KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Serbia.
REMARKS. – May be a synonym of P. collicola (compare SCHMALFUSS 1996a: 6).
Porcellium sfenthourakisi Schmalfuss, 1996
DISTR. – Northern Greece: Vúrinos Mountains.
Porcellium storkani Frankenberger, 1940 = P. recurvatum
Porcellium triangulifer Verhoeff, 1907 = P. conspersum
Porcellium vejdovskyi Černy, 1939 = nomen dubium (compare SCHMALFUSS 1996a)
Porcellium witoschicum Verhoeff, 1936 = P. recurvatum
P o r t o r i c o s c i a Leistikow, 1999
Portoricoscia richmondi (Richardson, 1901)
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW 1999c (figs.).
DISTR. – Caribbean: Puerto Rico.
Genus Praelaureola = Genus Laureola (see SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983, KWON et alii 1992)
Proischioscia amazonica (Lemos de Castro, 1955) = Ischioscia a.

Proischioscia andina Vandel, 1968 = Ischioscia a.
Proischioscia sturmi Vandel, 1972 = Ischioscia s.
P r o p o r c e l l i o Verhoeff, 1907
Proporcellio antiochius Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995; ARGANO &
MANICASTRI 1996.
Proporcellio corticicolus Verhoeff, 1907
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1908f, 1917a, 1949a; STROUHAL 1938b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL
1969c; SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
216

Proporcellio grandorii (Arcangeli, 1932)
SYN. – Porcellio g.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932o (figs.), 1950c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Proporcellio guadalajarensis Pollo Zorita & Dalens, 1983
BIBL. – POLLO ZORITA & DALENS 1983 (figs.); POLLO ZORITA 1986a.
DISTR. – Central Spain: provinces Madrid and Cuenca.
REMARKS. – May be a species of Porcellionides.
Proporcellio istanbulensis (Verhoeff, 1943)
SYN. – Metoponorthus i.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943b (figs.), 1949a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
REMARKS. – May be a synonym of P. vulcanius.
Proporcellio kuehnelti Strouhal, 1937 = P. vulcanius
Proporcellio lamellatus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Porcellio l.
Proporcellio latus Verhoeff, 1949
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Antakya District.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of P. vulcanius.
Proporcellio melius Strouhal, 1937 = P. vulcanius
Proporcellio mirabilis (Vandel, 1946)
SYN. – Metoponorthus m.
DISTR. – Central Portugal.
Proporcellio pusillus (Arcangeli, 1936)
SYN. –Metoponorthus p., Porcellio p.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936h (figs.); VANDEL 1946b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Portugal; western Spain.
Proporcellio quadriseriatus Verhoeff, 1917 = P. vulcanius
Proporcellio siculorum Arcangeli, 1935
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935a (figs.); VANDEL 1969c.
DISTR. – Sicily.
Proporcellio tauricus (Verhoeff, 1941)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a (figs.), 1943b (figs.), 1949a; VANDEL 1955f.
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: “Taurus, Bürücek”.
Proporcellio vulcanius Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – Porcellio quadriseriatus, P. kuehnelti, melius, quadriseriatus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908f (figs.), 1917a, 1923, 1933c (figs.), 1949a; ARCANGELI 1934a, 1937a;
VAN NAME 1936; STROUHAL 1937b (figs.), 1937g (figs.); VANDEL 1955f (pp. 506 + 528,
figs.), 1969c; SCHMALFUSS 1975b, 1979b, 1999; CARUSO 1976, 1982a; SCHMALFUSS &
SCHAWALLER 1984; CARUSO et alii 1987; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1991c, 1995b; CARUSO &
HILI 1991; ARGANO et alii 1995; HORNUNG & WARBURG 1996; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b;
WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999; TAITI et alii 2000; FARKAS 2004a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS et alii
2004; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004.
DISTR. – Southern Italy, Sicily and island Pantelleria; Hungary (introduced?); Greece:
Aegean islands; Lebanon; Israel; Libya.
P r o s e k i a Vandel, 1968
Prosekia albomaculata Lima, 1996
BIBL. – LIMA 1996b (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Prosekia galapagensis (Andersson, 1960)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia g.
BIBL. – ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.); VANDEL 1968c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Galapagos.
Prosekia hamigera (Vandel, 1952) = Androdeloscia h. (compare LEISTIKOW 1999a)
Prosekia insularis Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO & SOUZA 1986 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: Pará.
Prosekia lejeuni Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO & SOUZA 1986 (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: Pará.
Prosekia pearsi (Vandel, 1952)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia p.
217

Prosekia rutilans (Vandel, 1952)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia r.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001j (figs.!!); LEISTIKOW &
SCHMIDT 2002.
Prosekia silvatica Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986 = Androdeloscia s. (compare LEISTIKOW
1999a)
Prosekia tarumae Lemos de Castro, 1984
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1984a (figs.); WARBURG et alii 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1998.
P r o t o n e t h e s Absolon & Strouhal, 1932

Protonethes ocellatus Absolon & Strouhal, 1932
BIBL. – ABSOLON & STROUHAL 1932 (figs.); ABSOLON 1933 (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1939b;
FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL 1940d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b;
FLASAROVÁ 1967 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Montenegro (former Yugoslavia).
P r o t o r a d j i a Arcangeli, 1954
Protoradjia insularis Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Indonesia: Sumatra; Singapore.
Protoradjia jacobsoni Arcangeli, 1954
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1954b (figs.); FERRARA et alii 1995.
Protoradjia montana Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
Protoradjia paeninsulae Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Malaysia: Pahang.
Protoradjia pilosa Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
P r o t o s p h a e r o n i s c u s Schmalfuss, 1980
Protosphaeroniscus tertiarius Schmalfuss, 1980
DISTR. – Caribbean: Hispaniola (in amber from Tertiary).
P r o t r a c h e o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1917
Protracheoniscus abricossovi Borutzky, 1945
Protracheoniscus alabaschensis Borutzky, 1959
Protracheoniscus albanicus Arcangeli, 1952 = P. fossuliger
Protracheoniscus almaatinus Borutzky, 1975
DISTR. – Kazakhstan: Alma Ata.
Protracheoniscus amoenus (C. Koch, 1841) = P. politus
Protracheoniscus anatolii Borutzky, 1959
Protracheoniscus armenicus Borutzky, 1975
DISTR. – Southernmost Armenia: Megri District.
Protracheoniscus asiaticus (Uljanin, 1875)
SYN. – Porcellio a., P. fontium, latus Verhoeff
218
BIBL. – ULJANIN 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885 (sub Metoponorthus orientalis); DOLLFUS 1901a (sub
Metoponorthus orientalis); VERHOEFF 1930d (figs.); BORUTZKY 1945, 1959, 1972b; GRUNER
1966b (figs.).
DISTR. – “Turkestan” (records from Europe refer to P. major).
REMARKS. – Many records of this species are misidentifications and omitted in the above
references (compare GRUNER 1966b).
Protracheoniscus atrecicus Borutzky, 1945
Protracheoniscus awaensis Nunomura, 1987 = Agnara pannuosa
Protracheoniscus babori Frankenberger, 1938 = P. fossuliger
Protracheoniscus bocki Verhoeff, 1940
DISTR. – China: “Tan Chang in Süd-Tansu”.
Protracheoniscus bugdajliensis Borutzky, 1975
Protracheoniscus circacaudatus Nunomura, 1987 = Mongoloniscus c.
Protracheoniscus cristatus Borutzky, 1945
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945 (figs.), 1972b, 1975 (figs.).
Protracheoniscus darevskii Borutzky, 1975
DISTR. – Southernmost Armenia: Megri District.
Protracheoniscus delilensis Borutzky, 1945
Protracheoniscus desertorum Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930d (figs.), 1931a; BORUTZKY 1945.
DISTR. – “Turkestan”.
REMARKS. – According to GRUNER 1966b possibly a synonym of P. major.
Protracheoniscus desioi Arcangeli, 1934
DISTR. – NE-Pakistan: Caracoram Range.
Protracheoniscus dicaporiaccoi Arcangeli, 1934
Protracheoniscus digitifer Borutzky, 1945
Protracheoniscus dubius Arcangeli, 1938
DISTR. – Central Turkey: region of Ankara.
Protracheoniscus ferrarai Schmalfuss, 1983 = Orthometopon f.
Protracheoniscus fontium Verhoeff, 1930 = P. asiaticus
Protracheoniscus fossuliger (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Metoponorthus f., Porcellio f., P. albanicus, babori, occidentalis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901f, 1907b, 1923, 1931a; FRANKENBERGER 1938a (figs.); VANDEL 1939a,
1962b (p. 578, figs.); STROUHAL 1951; ARCANGELI 1952a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971;
KARAMAN 1966b, 1974; LAGARRIGUE 1968; CHAMBOREDON et alii 1970; SCHMALFUSS 1979b,
1999; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1989c, 1996; CARUSO et alii 1987; SFENTHOURAKIS
1996b; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Europe from Spain to Greece.
Protracheoniscus franzi Strouhal, 1948
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1948b (figs.), 1951; STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; FRANKENBERGER 1959;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; FARKAS 2003.
DISTR. – Czechia; eastern Austria; western Hungary.
Protracheoniscus gallagheri Ferrara & Taiti, 1988 = Agnara g.
Protracheoniscus genezarethanus Verhoeff, 1923
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1923 (figs.), 1931a.
Protracheoniscus gigliotosi (Arcangeli, 1927) = Lucasioides g.
Protracheoniscus giljarovi Borutzky, 1957
DISTR. – Southern part of European Russia.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with P. fossuliger.
Protracheoniscus gissarensis Borutzky, 1975
219
Protracheoniscus hedini Verhoeff, 1940

DISTR. – China: “Süd-Kansu bei Gahoba”.
Protracheoniscus hermagorensis Verhoeff, 1927
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1927a (figs.), 1930c, 1931a, 1939f; STROUHAL 1948b (figs.), 1948c, 1951;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; POTOČNIK 1980; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980.
DISTR. – SE-Austria; Slovenia.
Protracheoniscus hirsutulus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930d (figs.), 1931a; BORUTZKY 1945, 1953.
DISTR. – Eastern Uzbekistan: region of Tashkent.
Protracheoniscus hokurikuensis Nunomura, 1987 = Mongoloniscus h.
Protracheoniscus hummeli Verhoeff, 1940
DISTR. – China: “Süd-Kansu, bei Tan Chang”.
Protracheoniscus inexpectatus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978 = Agnara madagascariensis
Protracheoniscus instinctus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus i.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1972b, 1976a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
Protracheoniscus isseli (Arcangeli, 1927) = Lucasioides i.
Protracheoniscus kalymnius Sfenthourakis, 1995
DISTR. – Greece: southeastern Aegean islands.
Protracheoniscus karakorum Jackson, 1935
BIBL. – JACKSON 1935b (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Pakistan.
Protracheoniscus kerkanus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.), 1931a; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Northern Croatia: island Krk.
REMARKS. – Perhaps conspecific with P. ubliensis.
Protracheoniscus komareki Frankenberger, 1941
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1952a; KARAMAN 1966b, 1974.
DISTR. – Macedonia: near Skopje.
Protracheoniscus kopetdagicus Borutzky, 1945
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945 (figs.), 1955b, 1972b.
Protracheoniscus koreanus Verhoeff, 1930 = Mongoloniscus k.
Protracheoniscus kryszanovskii Borutzky, 1957
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1957 (figs.), 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; GRUNER 1966b (figs.).
Protracheoniscus kuehnelti Schmalfuss, 1979 = nomen nudum
Protracheoniscus latus (Uljanin, 1875)
SYN. – Porcellio l.
BIBL. – ULJANIN 1875 (figs.), BUDDE-LUND 1885; BORUTZKY 1972b, 1975.
Protracheoniscus latus Verhoeff, 1930 = P. asiaticus
Protracheoniscus litoralis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus l.
Protracheoniscus longistylus Arcangeli, 1938
Protracheoniscus major (Dollfus, 1903)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS in DYDUCH 1903; STROUHAL 1929b (sub P. asiaticus); SEMENKEVITSH 1931;
GRUNER 1966a (figs.), 1966b (figs.); DOMINIAK 1970b; SCHMÖLZER 1974b; JĘDRYCZKOWSKI
1979; ILOSVAY 1985; FLASAROVÁ 1986a, 1988, 1991, 1995, 1999; KWON 1993.
DISTR. – From SE-Germany to central Asia (“Turkestan”).
REMARKS. – Many records of P. asiaticus refer to this species (GRUNER 1966b).
Protracheoniscus maracandicus (Uljanin, 1875)
SYN. – Metoponorthus m., Porcellio m.
BIBL. – ULJANIN 1875 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1930d (figs.), 1931a; DEMIANOWICZ
1932; ?JACKSON 1935b; BORUTZKY 1945, 1953, 1972b.
DISTR. – Uzbekistan; Tadjikistan.
Protracheoniscus marcomannicus Verhoeff, 1927 = P. politus
Protracheoniscus marginatus (Uljanin, 1875)
BIBL. – ULJANIN 1875 (figs.); BORUTZKY 1945; GRUNER 1966b (figs.).
220
Protracheoniscus marmaranus Verhoeff, 1941
DISTR. – European Turkey: coast of Sea of Marmara.
Protracheoniscus masahitoi Nunomura, 1987 = Mongoloniscus m.
Protracheoniscus mazzarellii (Arcangeli, 1927)
DISTR. – Japan.
Protracheoniscus mehelyi Kesselyák, 1930 = P. politus
Protracheoniscus nipponicus Arcangeli, 1952 = Mongoloniscus vannamei
Protracheoniscus nivalis Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936e (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-India: Ladak.
Protracheoniscus nogaicus Demianowicz, 1932
BIBL. – DEMIANOWICZ 1932 (figs.); BORUTZKY 1957; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Moldavia.
Protracheoniscus occidentalis Vandel, 1939 = P. fossuliger
Protracheoniscus orientalis (Uljanin, 1875)
SYN. – Metoponorthus o., Porcellio o.
BIBL. – ULJANIN 1875 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1901a; VERHOEFF 1923; STROUHAL 1929b; BORUTZKY
1951, 1955b, 1961a, 1972b; GRUNER 1966b (figs.).
DISTR. – Turkmenia; Uzbekistan.
Protracheoniscus pannuosus Nunomura, 1987 = Agnara p.
Protracheoniscus panphilovi Borutzky, 1959
Protracheoniscus pierrei Vandel, 1950 = Mauritaniscus p.
Protracheoniscus plitvicensis Verhoeff, 1930 = P. ubliensis
Protracheoniscus politus (C. Koch, 1841)
SYN. – Metoponorthus amoenus, Porcellio amoenus, p., P. amoenus, marcomannicus,
mehelyi, saxonicus, uncinatus
Orig. descr.: KOCH, C. 1841 (Porcellio p.).
Descr.: GRUNER 1966a.
Figs.: RADU, V. G. 1939; STROUHAL 1940c, 1954a; FRANKENBERGER 1942; FLASAROVÁ 1958;
GRUNER 1966a; DOMINIAK 1970a; KARAMAN 1974.
Syst.: FRANKENBERGER 1942; STROUHAL 1947b, 1948b; FLASAROVÁ 1958; GRUNER 1966a;
DOMINIAK 1970a; TOMESCU 1972b; KARAMAN 1974.
Fossil: STROUHAL 1954a.
Morph.: FLASAROVÁ 1958; DOMINIAK 1970a.
Anat.: TOMESCU 1974a.
Physiol.: TOMESCU & RADU 1971; TOMESCU 1972a.
Reprod.: TOMESCU 1972b; TOMESCU et alii 1992, 2002a.
Ontog.: GERE 1959; DOMINIAK 1970a; TOMESCU 1972b.
Nutr.: GERE 1956b, 1962; TOMESCU 1972a; SZLAVECZ 1985, 1993; SZLAVECZ & POBOZSNY 1995.
Ecol.: BALOGH & LOKSA 1948; GERE 1956a, 1956b; BEYER 1964; GRUNER 1966a; RADU &
TOMESCU 1972, 1976; TOMESCU et alii 1979; MARIALIGETI et alii 1984; SZLAVECZ 1985, 1993;
ROGNES 1986; SZLAVECZ & POBOZSNY 1995; TOMESCU et alii 1995, 2000, 2001, 2002a, 2002b;
DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997; TUF 2003.
Distr.: FRANKENBERGER 1959 (CS); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK
1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); KRUMPAL 1975 (CS); TOMESCU et alii 1979 (RO);
JĘDRYCZKOWSKI 1981, 1987, 1994 (PL); POTOČNIK 1981 (Slovenia); FLASAROVÁ 1986a, 1988,
1994, 1995 (former CS); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map) ; TOMESCU et alii 2000, 2001,
2002a, 2002b (RO).
Bibl.: STROUHAL 1947b; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Eastern Germany; Poland; Czechia; Slovakia; Austria; former Yugoslavia south to
Montenegro; Hungary; Romania.
Protracheoniscus sabaudus Arcangeli, 1934
DISTR. – NE-Pakistan.
Protracheoniscus satsumaensis Nunomura, 1987 = Mongoloniscus s.
Protracheoniscus saxonicus Verhoeff, 1927 = P. politus
Protracheoniscus scythicus Demianowicz, 1932
BIBL. – DEMIANOWICZ 1932 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1940f; BORUTZKY 1945; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – ?Moldavia.
Protracheoniscus sinensis (Dollfus, 1901) = Mongoloniscus s.
Protracheoniscus stefanellii Arcangeli, 1934
221

DISTR. – NE-Pakistan; NW-India.
Protracheoniscus steinbergi Borutzky, 1961
Protracheoniscus tangoensis Nunomura, 1987 = Mongoloniscus t.
Protracheoniscus taschkentensis Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930d (figs.), 1931a; ?JACKSON 1935b; BORUTZKY 1945, 1953.
DISTR. – Eastern Uzbekistan; Tadjikistan.
Protracheoniscus tashausicus Borutzky, 1976
Protracheoniscus topczievi Borutzky, 1975
DISTR. – SE-Ukraine and SW-Russia: around Sea of Asow.
Protracheoniscus tuberculatus (Borutzky, 1945)
SYN. – Desertoniscus t.
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945 (figs.), 1955b (figs.), 1972b, 1975.
Protracheoniscus turcomanicus Borutzky, 1945
Protracheoniscus tzvetkovi Borutzky, 1975
DISTR. – Kazakhstan: Alma Ata region.
Protracheoniscus ubliensis (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Porcellio politus var. u., P. plitvicensis, venetus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1927a (figs.), 1928d, 1930c (figs.), 1931a, 1936b; ARCANGELI 1950c;
VANDEL 1965c; KARAMAN 1966b (figs.), 1974 (figs.); CARUSO 1972; RADU, V. G. 1985;
DISTR. – NE-Italy; Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina.
Protracheoniscus uljanini Borutzky, 1953
Protracheoniscus uncinatus Kesselyák, 1930 = P. politus
Protracheoniscus vacchellii Arcangeli, 1934
Protracheoniscus venetus Verhoeff, 1927 = P. ubliensis
Protracheoniscus verhoeffi Strouhal, 1929
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929b.
DISTR. – Georgia (Caucasus): region of Tbilissi.
Protracheoniscus zavattarii (Arcangeli, 1927) = Lucasioides z.
Protracheoniscus zenkevitschi (Borutzky, 1945)
SYN. – Desertoniscus z.
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1945 (figs.), 1972b, 1975.
Genus Protrichoniscus = Genus Brackenridgia
P s a c h o n e t h e s Borutzky, 1969
Psachonethes czerkessicus Borutzky, 1969
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1969a (figs.), 1972a (figs.), 1972b.
DISTR. – SW-Russia: Krasnodar District.
Psachonethes elbursanus Schmalfuss, 1986
DISTR. – Northern Iran: Elburs Mountains.
P s e u d a r m a d i l l o Saussure, 1857
Crinocheta: family Delatorreidae
Pseudarmadillo agramontino Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
DISTR. – Cuba: province Camagüey.
Pseudarmadillo assoi Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
DISTR. – Cuba: province Cienfuegos.
222
Pseudarmadillo auritus Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999

DISTR. – Cuba: province Sancti Spíritus.
Pseudarmadillo bidentatus Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
Pseudarmadillo buscki Boone, 1934
BIBL. – BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1981; BOYKO 1997; ARMAS &
JUARRERO DE VARONA 1999 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba: province La Habana.
Pseudarmadillo carinulatus Saussure, 1857
SYN. – P. dollfusi, welchii
BIBL. – SAUSSURE 1857, 1858; STUXBERG 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905;
BOONE, L. 1934; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1973f (figs.), 1981; ARMAS & JUARRERO DE
VARONA 1991, 1999 (figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; SCHMIDT 2003
(figs.!!).
DISTR. – Cuba; Bahamas.
Pseudarmadillo cristatus Schmalfuss, 1984
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1984a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Hispaniola, fossil from Tertiary amber.
Pseudarmadillo dollfusi Richardson, 1905 = P. carinulatus (compare ARMAS & JUARRERO DE
VARONA 1991)
Pseudarmadillo elegans Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
DISTR. – Cuba: Isla de la Juventud.
Pseudarmadillo gillianus Richardson, 1902
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1902b (figs.), 1905; BOONE, L. 1934; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1973f
(figs.), 1981; ARMAS & JUARRERO DE VARONA 1999 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba: La Habana and Isla de la Juventud.
Pseudarmadillo holguinensis Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
DISTR. – Cuba: province Holguín.
Pseudarmadillo hoplites (Boone, 1934)
SYN. – Delatorreia h.
BIBL. – BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1984a; ARMAS & JUARRERO DE VARONA 1999 (figs.);
DISTR. – Cuba: province Camagüey.
Pseudarmadillo jaumei Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
Pseudarmadillo maiteae Juarrero de Varona & Armas, 2002
BIBL. – JUARRERO DE VARONA & ARMAS 2003a (figs.).
Pseudarmadillo mitratus Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
DISTR. – Cuba: province Las Tunas.
Pseudarmadillo nanus Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
DISTR. – Cuba: province Cienfuegos.
Pseudarmadillo rugosa Collinge, 1942 = Anchicubaris fongosiensis (compare TAITI & HARDING
1985)
Pseudarmadillo spinosus Armas & Juarrero de Varona, 1999
DISTR. – Cuba: province Sancti Spíritus.
Pseudarmadillo tuberculatus Schmalfuss, 1984
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1984a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Hispaniola, fossil from Tertiary amber.
Pseudarmadillo vansicklei Juarrero de Varona & Armas, 2003
BIBL. – JUARRERO DE VARONA & ARMAS 2003b (figs.).
Pseudarmadillo welchii Boone, 1934 = P. carinulatus (compare ARMAS & JUARRERO DE VARONA
1991)
P s e u d o a e t h i o p o p a c t e s Ferrara, 1974
Pseudoaethiopopactes kohleri Ferrara, 1974
223
P s e u d o a g n a r a Taiti & Ferrara, 2004

Pseudoagnara abdalkurii Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
DISTR. – Yemen: Socotra Archipelago, Abd-al-Kuri Island.
Pseudoagnara wraniki Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
P s e u d o b u d d e l u n d i e l l a Borutzky, 1967
Pseudobuddelundiella hostensis Borutzky, 1967
Pseudobuddelundiella ljovuschkini Borutzky, 1967
P s e u d o d i p l o e x o c h u s Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Pseudodiploexochus albanyensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus a.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990a.
Pseudodiploexochus australiensis (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Hybodillo a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1982f; GREEN et alii 2002.
Pseudodiploexochus bergeri Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
Pseudodiploexochus chelazzii Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
Pseudodiploexochus comorensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1984
Pseudodiploexochus cuspidatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Pseudodiploexochus debeckeri Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
Pseudodiploexochus ecaudatus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus e.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990a.
Pseudodiploexochus gibbus (Lemos de Castro, 1972)
SYN. – Reductoniscus g.
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1972b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1990a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: São Paulo region.
Pseudodiploexochus insularis (Vandel, 1977)
SYN. – Reductoniscus i.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1977c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990a.
DISTR. – South Atlantic: St. Helena.
Pseudodiploexochus lejeuni Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
DISTR. – Zaire.
Pseudodiploexochus leleupi (Vandel, 1977)
SYN. – Reductoniscus l.
Pseudodiploexochus leleupi Taiti & Ferrara, 1979 = P. zairensis
Pseudodiploexochus lobatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
224

Pseudodiploexochus madagascariensis Ferrara & Taiti, 1978
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1978a (figs.), 1979.
DISTR. – Madagascar: Mantasoa.
Pseudodiploexochus mascarenicus Taiti & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Mauritius (Indian Ocean).
Pseudodiploexochus mellissi (Vandel, 1977)
SYN. – Reductoniscus m.
Pseudodiploexochus messanai Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
Pseudodiploexochus messerii Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
Pseudodiploexochus pacificus Lewis, 1998
Pseudodiploexochus pilosus Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
Pseudodiploexochus schmalfussi Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
DISTR. – Zaire: Kivu; Rwanda.
Pseudodiploexochus silvivagans (Barnard, 1958)
SYN. – Armadillo s., Reductoniscus s.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1958 (figs.); VANDEL 1977c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990a.
DISTR. – Madagascar: Tsaramandroso Forest.
Pseudodiploexochus tabularis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus t.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1981, 1990 (p. 490);
TAITI & FERRARA 1979 (figs.); LOPEZ et alii 2001.
DISTR. – South Africa: Cape Province; southern Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul (introduced).
Pseudodiploexochus tomentosus Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi: Mount Mulanje.
Pseudodiploexochus vanninii Taiti & Ferrara, 1979
Pseudodiploexochus watti (Vandel, 1977)
SYN. – Reductoniscus w.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1977a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1990a.
Pseudodiploexochus zairensis Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
SYN. – P. leleupi Taiti & Ferrara
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1979 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1983 (figs.), 1990a.
P s e u d o l a u r e o l a Kwon, Ferrara & Taiti, 1992

Pseudolaureola atlantica (Vandel, 1977)
SYN. – Laureola a.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1977c (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; KWON et alii 1992.
DISTR. – South Atlantic: island St. Helena.
Pseudolaureola deharvengi Dalens, 1998
BIBL. – DALENS 1998b (figs.).
DISTR. – New Caledonia: province Kaala-Gomen.
Pseudolaureola hystrix (Barnard, 1958)
SYN. – Akermania h., Laureola h.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1958 (figs.), 1960b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; KWON et alii 1992.
Pseudolaureola wilsmorei (Nicholls & Barnes, 1926)
SYN. – Cubaris w., Laureola w.
BIBL. – NICHOLLS & BARNES 1926; VANDEL 1973c (figs.); KWON et alii 1992; GREEN et alii 2002;
JUDD & HORWITZ 2003.
225
P s e u d o l o b o d i l l o Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983

Pseudolobodillo principensis Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
Pseudoniscus neglectus Costa, 1882 = Philoscia muscorum
P s e u d o p h i l o s c i a Budde-Lund, 1904
Pseudophiloscia angusta (Dana, 1853) = nomen dubium (compare LEISTIKOW 1998a: 240)
Pseudophiloscia angustissima Budde-Lund, 1912 = Sechelloscia a.
Pseudophiloscia brevicornis (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Paraphiloscia b., Philoscia b.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a; SCOTT
1978, 1984; JEPPESEN 2000.
Pseudophiloscia chilenica (Verhoeff, 1939)
SYN. – Araucoscia c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939d (figs.); LEISTIKOW 1998a, 1998b (figs.), 2001g; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
DISTR. – Southern Chile: region of Puerto Montt.
Pseudophiloscia donanensis Nunomura, 1986
Pseudophiloscia fragilis (Budde-Lund, 1904)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); CHILTON 1910b; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL
1977a; JEPPESEN 2000.
Pseudophiloscia gracilis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Paraphiloscia g.
Pseudophiloscia haradai Nunomura, 1986
Pseudophiloscia inflexa Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW 1998a (figs.), 2001g (figs.);
LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Chile: “Corral”.
Pseudophiloscia lateralis Budde-Lund, 1912 = “Setaphora” l.
Pseudophiloscia okinawaensis Nunomura, 1986
Pseudophiloscia shimojonai Nunomura, 1986
Pseudophiloscia sundaica Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Sumatra.
Pseudophiloscia tsukamotoi Nunomura, 1986
DISTR. – Japan: Kochi Prefecture.
P s e u d o r t h o m e t o p o n Schmalfuss, 1986
Pseudorthometopon martensi Schmalfuss, 1986
DISTR. – Northern Iran.
P s e u d o s e t a p h o r a Ferrara & Taiti, 1986

Pseudosetaphora ovata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Setaphora o.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983b (figs.), 1986b; TAITI &
FERRARA 1980a; JEPPESEN 2000.
226
Pseudosetaphora pallidemaculata (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Setaphora p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983b (figs.), 1986b; TAITI &
FERRARA 1980a (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
P s e u d o s p h a e r i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Pseudosphaerillo rouxi (Verhoeff, 1926)
SYN. – Armadillo r.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926 (figs.); JACKSON 1941; TAITI et alii 1998.
P s e u d o t y p h l o s c i a Verhoeff, 1928
Pseudotyphloscia alba (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Philoscia a., P. pallida
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; VERHOEFF 1928b; GREEN et alii 1990 (figs.); TAITI et alii 1992; KWON &
TAITI 1993; KWON & JEON 1993.
DISTR. – Southern China; Taiwan; Philippines; Indonesia.
Pseudotyphloscia pallida Verhoeff, 1928 = P. alba
P u d e o n i s c u s Vandel, 1963
Crinocheta: family Pudeoniscidae
Pudeoniscus birabeni Vandel, 1963
BIBL. – VANDEL 1963a; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1973; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!).
Pudeoniscus obscurus Lemos de Castro, 1973
P u l m o n i s c u s Leistikow, 2001
Pulmoniscus insularuminfraventum (Vandel, 1952)
SYN. – Balloniscus i.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001e.
DISTR. – NW-Venezuela: Windward Islands, Archipelago Los Roques.
P u t e o s c i a Vandel, 1981
Puteoscia silvestrii Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Cuba.
P y r g o n i s c u s Kinahan, 1859
Pyrgoniscus cinctutus Kinahan, 1859
SYN. – Cubaris c., Sphaerillo c., Spherillo c.
BIBL. – KINAHAN 1859 (figs.); STEBBING 1900b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; FERRARA 1977a.
Pyrgoniscus emarginatus (Budde-Lund, 1910)
SYN. – Bethalus e.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA 1977a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
JEPPESEN 2000.
Pyrgoniscus intermedius Lewis, 1998
Pyrgoniscus lanceolatus Ferrara, 1977
BIBL. – FERRARA 1977a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Kenya: “Chasimba”.
Pyrgoniscus luteus (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Anchicubaris l., Armadillo l., Merulana l.
227
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; MONOD 1935; VANDEL 1973c;
FERRARA 1977a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Fort Dauphin”.
Pyrgoniscus petiti Monod, 1935
SYN. – Merulana p.
BIBL. – MONOD 1935 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; FERRARA 1977a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Manampetsa”.
Pyrgoniscus scopelicus Lillemets & Wilson, 2002
Q u e l p a r t o n i s c u s Kwon, 1995
Quelpartoniscus granulatus Kwon, 1995
BIBL. – KWON 1995 (figs.).
DISTR. – Korea: Cheju Island.
Quelpartoniscus nipponensis (Nunomura, 1986)
SYN. – Scyphax n.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1986 (figs.), 1999a; KWON 1995; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Osaka Prefecture.
Quelpartoniscus setoensis Nunomura, 2003
Quelpartoniscus tsushimaensis (Nunomura, 1990)
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1990 (figs.), 1999a; KWON 1995; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan: Tsushima Island.
Q u i n t a n o s c i a Leistikow, 2000
Quintanoscia contoyensis (Mulaik, 1960)
SYN. – Philoscia c.
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (Philoscia "contogensis"); LEISTIKOW
2000b (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-Mexico: Yucatán Peninsula.
R a b d o n i s c u s Vandel, 1981
Crinocheta: family ?Oniscidae
Rabdoniscus robustus Vandel, 1981
R e d u c t o n i s c u s Kesselyák, 1930
Reductoniscus costulatus Kesselyák, 1930
SYN. – R. fritschii
BIBL. – KESSELYÁK 1930b (figs.); VERHOEFF 1937c; HOLTHUIS 1947, 1956; GRUNER 1966a;
VANDEL 1977a, 1977c; FERRARA & TAITI 1983 (figs.), 1990a; TAITI & FERRARA 1983a;
HARDING & SUTTON 1985; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996, 1997; KONTSCHÁN 2004.
DISTR. – Known from the Seychelles, Mauritius, Malaysia and Hawaiian Islands as well as
from greenhouses in Europe.
Reductoniscus fritschii Verhoeff, 1937 = R. costulatus
Reductoniscus gibbus Lemos de Castro, 1972 = Pseudodiploexochus g.
Reductoniscus insularis Vandel, 1977 = Pseudodiploexochus i.
Reductoniscus leleupi Vandel, 1977 = Pseudodiploexochus l.
Reductoniscus mellissi Vandel, 1977 = Pseudodiploexochus m.
Reductoniscus novaehiberniae Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
DISTR. – Papua New Guinea: New Ireland.
Reductoniscus pulcher Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
DISTR. – Papua New Guinea: New Ireland.
Reductoniscus silvivagans (Barnard, 1958) = Pseudodiploexochus s.
Reductoniscus tuberculatus Leistikow, 1997
DISTR. – Malaysia: Borneo, Sabah.
Reductoniscus watti Vandel, 1977 = Pseudodiploexochus w.
228
Genus Rennelloscia = Genus Burmoniscus
Genus Revolutus = Genus Schismadillo (see TAITI et alii 1998)
Rhacodes inscriptus C. Koch, 1856 = nomen dubium (Tylos sp.)
Rhinoryctes mirabilis Stuxberg, 1875 = Alloniscus m.
R h o d e s i l l o Ferrara & Taiti, 1978

Rhodesillo insulanus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
Rhodesillo sulcifrons Ferrara & Taiti, 1978
DISTR. – Zimbabwe: Mount Selinda.
R h o d o p i o n i s c u s Tabacaru, 1993
Rhodopioniscus beroni (Vandel, 1965)
SYN. – Balkanoniscus b.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965c (figs.); TABACARU 1993a (p. 62); ANDREEV 2002.
R h y s c o t o i d e s Arcangeli, 1949
Crinocheta: family Rhyscotidae
Rhyscotoides ciferrii (Arcangeli, 1931)
SYN. – Rhyscotus c.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1931e (figs.), 1949; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Dominican Republic.
Rhyscotoides cubensis (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Rhyscotus c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908; VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1949; VANDEL 1981; LEISTIKOW &
DISTR. – Cuba.
Rhyscotoides indosinensis Arcangeli, 1949
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1947c, 1949 (figs.).
DISTR. – “Indocina: Pouroat”.
Rhyscotoides laxus Van Name, 1924 = R. parallelus
Rhyscotoides legrandi Johnson, 1956
BIBL. – JOHNSON, G. 1956 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Togo.
Rhyscotoides linearis (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Rhyscotus l.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1931e, 1949; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI &
FERRARA 1984; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Indian Ocean: Comoro Islands.
Rhyscotoides moandae Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1949, 1950b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Nigeria: “Olokemeji”; northern Zaire.
Rhyscotoides ortonedae (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Rhyscotus o.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); JACKSON 1927a, 1928b (figs.), 1941; ARCANGELI 1931e,
1949; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Ecuador: province Guayas; Samoa.
Rhyscotoides parallelus (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – R. laxus, Rhyscotus laxus, p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1908 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1893a; ARCANGELI 1931e; VAN NAME 1924,
1936; VANDEL 1946f (figs.), 1952d, 1968c, 1972g, 1981 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.);
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Mexico: Colima; Galapagos Islands; Venezuela: Caracas; Angola: Lobito.
Rhyscotoides silvestrii Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1949, 1950b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
SCHMALFUSS 1982b.
DISTR. – Senegal; Zaire; Angola.
229
R h y s c o t u s Budde-Lund, 1885
Crinocheta: family Rhyscotidae
Rhyscotus albidemaculatus Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1931e, 1949; VAN NAME 1936; SOUZA-KURY
1997b (figs.), 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
Rhyscotus australis Lewis, 1998
DISTR. – Australia: SE-Queensland.
Rhyscotus bicolor Barnard, 1924
BIBL. – BARNARD 1924a, 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1931e, 1949; BRIAN 1931a (figs.), 1953a;
DISTR. – Angola; Namibia.
Rhyscotus ciferrii Arcangeli, 1931 = Rhyscotoides c.
Rhyscotus colimensis Mulaik, 1960
DISTR. – Mexico: Colima.
Rhyscotus cubensis Budde-Lund, 1908 = Rhyscotoides c.
Rhyscotus globiceps Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1931e, 1949, 1950b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS &
FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985e; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Zaire; Angola; Indian Ocean: Aldabra Island.
Rhyscotus jacksoni Arcangeli, 1931
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1931e (figs.), 1949; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Dominican Republic.
Rhyscotus laxus Van Name, 1924 = Rhyscotoides parallelus
Rhyscotus linearis Budde-Lund, 1908 = Rhyscotoides l.
Rhyscotus nasutus Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1930b, 1931f, 1949; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Nicaragua.
Rhyscotus ortonedae Budde-Lund, 1908 = Rhyscotoides o.
Rhyscotus parallelus Budde-Lund, 1893 = Rhyscotoides p.
Rhyscotus rotundatus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
DISTR. – ?Gulf of Guinea: island São Tomé.
Rhyscotus somaliensis Ferrara, 1972
BIBL. – FERRARA 1972b (figs.); CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Rhyscotus sphaerocephalus Budde-Lund, 1893
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1908; ARCANGELI 1931e, 1949; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001 (figs.); SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!).
Rhyscotus texensis (Richardson, 1905)
SYN. – Hypergnathus t.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1905; BUDDE-LUND 1908; ARCANGELI 1931e, 1949; VAN NAME 1936, 1940;
MULAIK & MULAIK 1942, 1943; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984 (figs.); KENSLEY & SCHOTTE 1989
(figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – USA: Texas; Belize.
Rhyscotus turgifrons Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – Stenomacrus t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1908; DOLLFUS 1898b?; RICHARDSON 1901; ARCANGELI 1931e, 1949;
VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Virgin Islands.
R i c h a r d s o n i s c u s Vandel, 1963
Richardsoniscus portoricensis (Richardson, 1901)
SYN. – Sphaeroniscus p.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1901, 1905 (figs.); ?PEARSE 1917; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1963a (p.88);
DISTR. – Puerto Rico; ?Guyana.
R i u d i l l o Verhoeff, 1937
Riudillo takakuwai Verhoeff, 1937
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1937c (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
230
R o d o n i s c u s Arcangeli, 1934
Rodoniscus anophthalmus Arcangeli, 1934
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934a (figs.), 1937a; SCHMALFUSS 1972b, 1979b, 1999; SFENTHOURAKIS
1993a, 1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: southern Aegean islands. except Crete.
Ropaloniscus motasi Radu, 1976 = Hyloniscus m.
R o r a i m o s c i a Leistikow, 2001
Roraimoscia roraimae (Van Name, 1936)
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001f (figs.).
DISTR. – Venezuela: Mount Roraima.
R o s t r o p h i l o s c i a Arcangeli, 1932
Rostrophiloscia dominicana Arcangeli, 1932
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932d (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: island Dominica.
R o t u n g u s Collinge, 1916
Rotungus pictus Collinge, 1916
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1916a (figs.).
DISTR. – India: “Kobo, Abor county”.
R u f u t a Taiti & Ferrara, 1981

Rufuta arganoi Taiti & Ferrara, 1981
Rufuta carusoi Taiti & Ferrara, 1981
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1981a (figs.); FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.)..
S a i d j a h u s Budde-Lund, 1904
Saidjahus altimontis Jackson, 1936
BIBL. – JACKSON 1936 (figs.).
DISTR. – North Borneo: Mount Kinabalu.
Saidjahus creper Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); JACKSON 1928a, 1936; TAITI et alii 1991 (figs.); JEPPESEN
2000; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Borneo.
Saidjahus elegans (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo e.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; BUDDE-LUND 1904; TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: Sulawesi (= Celebes).
Saidjahus guttatus (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo g.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; BUDDE-LUND 1904; GREEN et alii 1990 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Sumatra; western Java.
Saidjahus orientalis (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo o.
DISTR. – Indonesia: Sulawesi (= Celebes).
Saidjahus peninsulae Vandel, 1972
DISTR. – Southern Thailand.
S a n f i l i p p i a Brian, 1948
231

Sanfilippia concii Brian, 1948
BIBL. – BRIAN 1948b (figs.), 1963a; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Sanfilippiella pilosa Brian, 1952 = Murgeoniscus anellii
S a r d o n i s c u s Arcangeli, 1939
Sardoniscus pusillus Arcangeli, 1939 = S. pygmaeus
Sardoniscus pygmaeus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Phalloniscus p., Philoscia elbana, p., S. pusillus, Tiroloscia elbana
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1931b; ARCANGELI 1939j (figs.), 1950a, 1954e; VANDEL
1954i, 1954n, 1962b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI &
FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1996; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; ARGANO et alii 1995;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Corsica; Sardinia; central Italy: Tuscany.
Sardoniscus verhoeffi (Ferrara & Taiti, 1978)
SYN. – Phalloniscus v.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (sub Philoscia pygmaea non Budde-Lund), 1926b, 1930a, 1931b,
1932b, 1933b, 1936b, 1938d (sub Tiroloscia pygmaea); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.);
TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b; MANICASTRI et alii 1986; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994;
Sayoscia vittata (Say, 1818) = Littorophiloscia v.
Genus Schioedtia = Genus Mesoniscus
S c h i s m a d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Schismadillo ashtoni Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Victoria (Australia): region of Melbourne.
Schismadillo holthuisi Vandel, 1973
Schismadillo rouxi Verhoeff, 1926
Schismadillo spenceri (Barnes, 1934) = Australiodillo bifrons
Schismadillo spinosus (Lewis, 1992)
SYN. – Revolutus s.
Schismadillo tuberculatus Vandel, 1973
S c h i z i d i u m Verhoeff, 1901
Schizidium almanum Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967
BIBL. – VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; SCHMALFUSS 1988 (p. 11).
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: Antakya region.
REMARKS. – Perhaps synonymous with S. fissum.
Schizidium bifidum (Dollfus, 1905) = S. fissum
Schizidium davidi (Dollfus, 1887)
SYN. – Armadillidium d., euphrati, granum,Pareluma minuta, S. kalalae, minutum
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887a, 1892c; OMER-COOPER 1923; VERHOEFF 1923; FRANKENBERGER 1939c;
ARCANGELI 1948d; AHMED 1974; VANDEL 1980; SCHMALFUSS 1988 (figs.), 1990b.
DISTR. – SW-Azerbaijan; Iraq along Euphrates river.
Schizidium delmastroi Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004
DISTR. – Southern Greece: western Crete.
Schizidium festai (Dollfus, 1894)
SYN. – Armadillidium f.
232
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1894; VERHOEFF 1923; ARCANGELI 1936a (figs.), 1948d; VANDEL ?1955f, ?
1965a; SCHMALFUSS 1988 (figs.).
DISTR. – Lebanon. All records after the original description are doubtful.
Schizidium festai tiberianum Verhoeff, 1923= S. tiberianum
Schizidium fissum (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillidium bifidum, f.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; DOLLFUS 1905; VERHOEFF 1923; ARCANGELI 1948d; VANDEL 1965a; ?
STROUHAL 1968c; SCHMALFUSS 1988 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Cyprus; southern Turkey: along Gulf of Iskenderun; Lebanon.
Schizidium golovatchi Schmalfuss, 1988
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1988 (figs.), 1990b.
DISTR. – Southern Armenia.
Schizidium granum (Dollfus, 1892)
SYN. – Armadillidium g.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892e; VERHOEFF 1923; ARCANGELI 1948d.
DISTR. – “Syrie” of 1892.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of S. davidi.
Schizidium hybridum (Budde-Lund, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillidium h.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1896; VERHOEFF 1901b, 1923; STROUHAL 1929a, 1929c, 1937d, 1937g;
ARCANGELI 1936a, 1937 (figs.), 1948d; SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1972b, 1975b, 1979b, 1988
(figs.), 1999, 2000b; SCHMALFUSS & SCHAWALLER 1984; SFENTHOURAKIS 1994, 1996b; JEPPESEN
2000; LYMBERAKIS et alii 2003; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: southeastern Aegean islands; SW-Turkey.
Schizidium kalalae Frankenberger, 1939 = S. davidi
Schizidium minutum (Omer-Cooper, 1923) = S. davidi
Schizidium oertzenii (Budde-Lund, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillidium o.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1896; VERHOEFF 1901b, 1923; ARCANGELI 1929a, 1934a, 1948d; STROUHAL
1929a, 1937d, 1937g; SCHMALFUSS 1972b, 1975b, 1979b, 1983c, 1986b, 1998 (figs.), 1999,
2000b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1994, 1996b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Greece: southeastern Aegean islands except Crete.
Schizidium osellai Schmalfuss, 1988
DISTR. – Western Turkey: Manisa District.
Schizidium perplexum (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Cretodillium p.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b (figs.), 1964c; SCHMALFUSS 1975b, 1979b; ANDREEV 1986b; PARAGAMIAN
et alii 1987; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (map).
Schizidium persicum Schmalfuss, 1986
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1986b (figs.), 1988.
Schizidium rausi Schmalfuss, 1988
DISTR. – Eastern Turkey: Lake of Van.
Schizidium reinoehli Schmalfuss, 1988
DISTR. – Western Turkey.
Schizidium schmalfussi Sfenthourakis, 1992
BIBL. – SFENTHOURAKIS 1992a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: island Día near Iráklio (Crete).
Schizidium tiberianum Verhoeff, 1923
SYN. – S. festai t.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1923; VANDEL 1955f; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967; STROUHAL 1968c;
PRETZMANN 1974; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1988 (figs.); WARBURG
1991, ?1994a, ?1994b; WARBURG & COHEN 1991; ?WARBURG et alii 1993; HORNUNG &
WARBURG 1995a, 1996; WARBURG & ROSENBERG 1996; GREENAWAY & WARBURG 1998;
WARBURG & HORNUNG 1999.
Schizidium tinum Sfenthourakis, 1995
BIBL. – SFENTHOURAKIS 1995, 1996b; SCHMALFUSS 2000b.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Tínos.
S c h o e b l i a Budde-Lund, 1909
Synocheta: family Schoebliidae
Schoeblia circularis Budde-Lund, 1909
233
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1932, 1960a; VERHOEFF 1939c; FERRARA & TAITI
Schoeblia fulleri (Silvestri, 1918)
SYN. – Termitoniscus f.
BIBL. – SILVESTRI 1918 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1939c; BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1960a; FERRARA & TAITI
1979.
S c h o u t e d e n i l l o Arcangeli, 1950
Schoutedenillo congolensis Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire.
S c l e r o p a c t e s Budde-Lund, 1885
Scleropactes andinus Vandel, 1972
DISTR. – Central and southwestern Colombia.
Scleropactes botosaneanui Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972e, 1973f (figs.), 1981; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba: province Matanzas.
Scleropactes cavifrons Jackson, 1928
BIBL. – JACKSON 1928a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Unknown.
Scleropactes cedrosensis Mulaik, 1960 = Armadilloniscus lindahli
Scleropactes colombiensis (Pearse, 1916)
SYN. – S. columbiensis, Sphaeroniscus c.
BIBL. – PEARSE 1916; VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1970d (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1986c; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Colombia: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Scleropactes concinnus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1968c; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
DISTR. – Ecuador: region of Quito.
Scleropactes estherae Arcangeli, 1930
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1930b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1970d; SCHMALFUSS 1980b;
Scleropactes gaigei (Pearse, 1916)
SYN. – Sphaeroniscus g.
BIBL. – PEARSE 1916; VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1970d (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Colombia: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Scleropactes granulatus (Richardson, 1901)
SYN. – Synuropus g.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1901, 1905 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; SCHULTZ 1970d (figs.); LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Puerto Rico.
Scleropactes incisus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Peru”.
Scleropactes peruvianus Budde-Lund, 1885 = “Sphaeroniscus” p.
Scleropactes pilosus Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.), 1972g; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – SW-Colombia; Ecuador.
Scleropactes senex Budde-Lund, 1893 = Sphaeroniscus s.
Scleropactes talamancensis Leistikow, 1997
BIBL. – LEISTIKOW 1997a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Scleropactes tatei Van Name, 1936
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Ecuador: “Naupon”.
Scleropactes tristani Arcangeli, 1930
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1930b (figs.), 1931c; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1972e; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
234

Scleropactes zeteki Van Name, 1926
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1926, 1936; ARCANGELI 1930b; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000; SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – Panama: Gatun Lake.
S c o t o n i s c u s Racovitza, 1908
Scotoniscus baccettii Manicastri & Argano, 1989
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & ARGANO 1989a (figs.); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; ARGANO et alii
1995.
Scotoniscus janas Argano, 1973
Scotoniscus macromelos Racovitza, 1908
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1940b, 1946a, 1947c, 1948b, 1948f, 1950g,
1952a, 1960a (p. 286, figs., map); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Scotoniscus speonemos Racovitza, 1908 = S. macromelos
S c y p h a c e l l a Smith, 1873
Scyphacella arenicola Smith, 1873 (in VERRILL & SMITH 1873)
SYN. – Trichoniscus a.
BIBL. – VERRILL & SMITH 1873; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905 (figs.); VAN NAME
1936; SCHULTZ 1972c (figs.).
DISTR. – East coast of North America.
S c y p h a x Dana, 1853
Scyphax aucklandiae (Thomson, 1879) = Deto a.
Scyphax crescentia Lewis, 1998
DISTR. – Victoria (Australia): “Woodsite Beach”.
Scyphax intermedius Miers, 1876 = S. ornatus
Scyphax nipponensis Nunomura, 1986 = Quelpartoniscus n.
Scyphax ornatus Dana, 1853
SYN. – Phyloscia violacea, S. intermedius
BIBL. – DANA 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885; FILHOL 1885; CHILTON 1901 (figs.); JACKSON 1928a
(figs.); LEGRAND 1946; HURLEY 1961; VANDEL 1964a (figs.), 1977a; QUILTER 1988; ERHARD
1996, 1997; LEWIS 1998a.
Scyphax setiger Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; JACKSON 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
Scyphax tsushimaensis Nunomura, 1990 = Quelpartoniscus t.
S c y p h o n i s c u s Chilton, 1901
Scyphoniscus magnus Chilton, 1909
BIBL. – CHILTON 1909 (figs.), 1910a; HURLEY 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
DISTR. – Auckland Islands and Campbell Island S New Zealand.
Scyphoniscus waitatensis Chilton, 1901
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; JACKSON 1928a; HURLEY 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
S e c h e l l o s c i a Taiti & Ferrara, 1980

Sechelloscia angustissima (Budde-Lund, 1913)
SYN. – Paraphiloscia a., Pseudophiloscia a.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); JACKSON 1931; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983b (figs.); TAITI
& FERRARA 1980a; JEPPESEN 2000.
Sechelloscia benoiti Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1983b (figs.).
235
Sechelloscia mucronata Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a; FERRARA & TAITI 1983b (figs.).
Sechelloscia vanmoli Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a; FERRARA & TAITI 1983b (figs.).
S e r e n d i b i a Manicastri & Taiti, 1987

Serendibia denticulata Manicastri & Taiti, 1987
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & TAITI 1987 (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Serendibia filiformis Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Serendibia samhaensis Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
DISTR. – Yemen: Socotra Archipelago, Samha Island.
Serendibia vagans Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Sestoniscus cavernicola (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Trichoniscoides c.
“S e t a p h o r a Budde-Lund, 1908”
REMARKS. – Setaphora Budde-Lund, 1908 has been synonymized with Anchiphiloscia
Stebbing, 1908 by FERRARA & TAITI (1986b) because the type-species S. suarezi could be
shown to belong to the latter. Other species ascribed to Setaphora could, however, be
shown to belong to other genera. Those species not yet clarified will therefore be listed
under the generic name “Setaphora”.
Setaphora angusticauda (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Burmoniscus a.
Setaphora aokii Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus a.
Setaphora boninensis Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus b.
“Setaphora” buddelundi (Richardson, 1922)
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1922b (figs.); HEROLD 1931a (figs.).
DISTR. – Java.
“Setaphora” camerata Herold, 1931
Setaphora cingulata Barnard, 1932 = Natalscia c.
Setaphora coeca (Budde-Lund, 1894) = Burmoniscus c.
Setaphora comta (Budde-Lund, 1894) = Burmoniscus c.
“Setaphora” conspersa Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Indonesia: islands Sumbawa and Flores.
“Setaphora” curvifrons Herold, 1931
Setaphora daitoensis Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus d.
Setaphora demarcata Barnard, 1932 = Barnardoscia d.
Setaphora iriomotensis Nunomura, 1986 = Anchiphiloscia i. (compare NUNOMURA 1999a)
Setaphora ishigakiensis Nunomura, 1986 = Anchiphiloscia i. (compare NUNOMURA 1999a)
Setaphora japonica Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus j. (compare NUNOMURA 1999a)
Setaphora kempi (Collinge, 1916) = Burmoniscus k.
“Setaphora” lateralis (Budde-Lund, 1913)
SYN. – Paraphiloscia l., Pseudophiloscia l.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); ?BARNARD 1936, 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983b
(figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Seychelles; ?Mauritius.
Setaphora mina (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Natalscia m.
Setaphora murotoensis Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus m.
“Setaphora” notabilis Herold, 1931
236

Setaphora ocellata Barnard, 1960 = Anchiphiloscia o.
Setaphora okinawaensis Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus o.
Setaphora ovata Budde-Lund, 1913 = Pseudosetaphora o.
“Setaphora” pallida (Dollfus, 1898)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; BUDDE-LUND 1913b; ARCANGELI 1927b, 1952e.
DISTR. – China: Hong Kong; Philippines: island Luzon; Java.
Setaphora pallidemaculata Budde-Lund, 1913 = Pseudosetaphora p.
“Setaphora” panningi Herold, 1931
“Setaphora” parvicaputa Schultz, 1982
“Setaphora” patiencei (Bagnall, 1908)
SYN. – Chaetophiloscia p., Philoscia p.
BIBL. – BAGNALL 1908; EDNEY 1953a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a,
1983a; HARDING & SUTTON 1985.
DISTR. – Mauritius; Réunion; introduced in greenhouses in England.
Setaphora pilosa Budde-Lund, 1913 = Anchiphiloscia p.
“Setaphora” pulchella Herold, 1931
“Setaphora” rafflesii (Jackson, 1936)
DISTR. – Malaysia: Perak.
Setaphora shibatai Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus s.
Setaphora suarezi (Dollfus, 1895) = Anchiphiloscia s.
“Setaphora” sundaica (Dollfus, 1898)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927b, 1952e.
DISTR. – China: “Canton”.
“Setaphora” tjurupensis Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Southern Sumatra.
“Setaphora” truncata (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Philoscia t.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c (figs.); STEBBING 1900b; HEROLD 1931a (figs.); JACKSON 1935b, 1938,
1941; ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – China; Taiwan; Japan: Kyoto; Indonesia; Polynesia.
Setaphora watanabei Nunomura, 1986 = Burmoniscus w.
Setaphora yonakuniensis Nunomura, 1986 = Anchiphiloscia y. (compare NUNOMURA 1999a)
S i c i l o n i s c u s Caruso, 1982
Siciloniscus tulliae Caruso, 1982
BIBL. – CARUSO 1982b (figs.); CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Sicily.
S i n h a l o s c i a Manicastri & Taiti, 1987

Sinhaloscia dimorpha Manicastri & Taiti, 1987
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & TAITI 1987 (figs.).
S i n o d i l l o Kwon & Taiti, 1993

Sinodillo ferrarai Kwon & Taiti, 1993
DISTR. – China: Yunnan, Chinshui County.
Sinodillo goaligongshanensis Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Sinodillo longistylus Nunomura & Xie, 2000
237

Sinodillo schmalfussi Kwon & Taiti, 1993
DISTR. – China: Yunnan, Menzi County.
Sinodillo troglophilus Kwon & Taiti, 1993
BIBL. – KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); TAITI et alii 1998; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – China: Yunnan, Chinshui County.
Sinodillo tuberculatus Nunomura & Xie, 2000
S i n o n i s c u s Schultz, 1995
Sinoniscus cavernicolus Schultz, 1995
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1995b (figs.).
DISTR. – China: Guangxi Province, Guilin.
S o c o t r o n i s c u s Ferrara & Taiti, 1996

Socotroniscus sacciformis Ferrara & Taiti, 1996
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1996a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – Yemen: Socotra Archipelago.
S o m a l o d i l l o Taiti & Ferrara, 1982

Somalodillo paeninsulae Ferrara & Taiti, 1986
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989b (figs.), 1991c; TAITI et alii
2000; PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 2004.
DISTR. – NE-Sudan: Suakin; Arabian Peninsula and Socotra.
Somalodillo pallidus Taiti & Ferrara, 1982
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1982b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998.
DISTR. – Northern Somalia.
Somalodillo squamatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1982
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1982b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia: “Rahole”.
Somalodillo sulcatus Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
S o m a l o d i l l o i d e s Taiti & Ferrara, 2004

Somalodilloides laticauda Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Somalodilloides pilosus Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
S o m a l o n i s c u s Ferrara & Taiti, 1979

Somaloniscus ercolinii (Ferrara, 1971)
SYN. – Microcercus e.
BIBL. – FERRARA 1971 (figs.); CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Somaloniscus nitidus (Wedenissow, 1894)
SYN. – Armadillidium n., Armadillo n.
BIBL. – WEDENISSOW 1894; BUDDE-LUND 1898, 1904; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Somaloniscus simonettai (Ferrara, 1971)
SYN. – Microcercus s.
BIBL. – FERRARA 1971 (figs.); CHELAZZI & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Somalia.
Somaloniscus taramassoi (Arcangeli, 1933)
SYN. – Microcercus t.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1933d (figs.); FERRARA 1971 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; FERRARA
et alii 1991(figs.); PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.).
238
DISTR. – Somalia.
S o t e r i s c u s Vandel, 1956
Soteriscus bremondi Vandel, 1960
SYN. – S. wollastoni b.
DISTR. – Madeira.
REMARKS. – After investigation of specimens of wollastoni and bremondi, which have been
described as subspecies of S. wollastoni, I consider bremondi as a separate species.
Soteriscus brumdocantoi Vandel, 1960
DISTR. – Madeira Archipelago: island Porto Santo.
Soteriscus colasi Vandel & Matsakis, 1959 = S. madeirae
Soteriscus colasi desertarum Vandel, 1960 = S. desertarum
Soteriscus desertarum Vandel, 1960
SYN. – S. colasi d.
DISTR. – Madeira Archipelago: Desertas Islands.
REMARKS. – The differences documented by VANDEL (1960b) between S. “colasi colasi” (=
S. madeirae) and S. “colasi desertarum” justify the two forms to be considered as
separate species.
Soteriscus disimilis Rodríguez, 1990
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ 1990 (figs.).
DISTR. – Eastern Canary Islands Lanzarote, Lobos and Fuerteventura.
Soteriscus fructuosi Vandel, 1960
Soteriscus fuscovariegatus (Lucas, 1849)
SYN. – Leptotrichus f., Metoponorthus f., philoscoides, Porcellio f., medionotatus,
Porcellionides f.
BIBL. – LUCAS 1849; BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1917f (figs.), 1918a (figs.); PAULIAN DE
FÉLICE 1939a; VANDEL 1956b (figs.), 1957b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
Soteriscus gaditanus Vandel, 1956
BIBL. – VANDEL 1956b (figs.), 1957b, 1958e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Southern Spain: Tarifa; NW-Morocco.
Soteriscus madeirae Arcangeli, 1958
SYN. – Metoponorthus stricticauda m., S. colasi colasi, stricticauda m.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1958a (figs.); VANDEL & MATSAKIS 1959a; VANDEL 1960b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Soteriscus mateui Vandel, 1957
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1982b.
DISTR. – Cape Verde Islands.
Soteriscus porcellioniformis Vandel, 1960
Soteriscus relictus Vandel, 1960
DISTR. – Madeira Archipelago: island “de Desembarcadouro”.
Soteriscus stricticauda (Dollfus, 1893)
SYN. – Metoponorthus s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893c, 1898a; VANDEL 1954k (figs.), 1956b, 1957b; ARCANGELI 1958a (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; HOESE 1984c.
DISTR. – Western Canary Islands.
Soteriscus trilineatus Rodríguez & Vicente, 1992
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ & VICENTE 1992b (figs.).
DISTR. – Canary Islands: Gomera.
Soteriscus virescens (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Metoponorthus v., Porcellionides v.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939a; VANDEL 1960b (p. 56); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – NW-Morocco.
Soteriscus wollastoni (Paulian de Félice, 1939)
SYN. – Metoponorthus w., Porcellionides w.
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1939b; VANDEL 1956b (figs.), 1957b, 1960b (figs.); ARCANGELI
1958a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
239
DISTR. – Madeira.
S p e l a e o n e t h e s Verhoeff, 1932
Spelaeonethes affinis Argano & Manicastri, 1990 = Nesiotoniscus a.
Spelaeonethes briani Arcangeli, 1938 = S. brixiensis
Spelaeonethes brixiensis Brian, 1938
SYN. – S. briani
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1938a (figs.), 1938c; BRIAN 1938b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1972;
PAOLETTI 1981; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; CAODURO et alii 1994; TABACARU 1996a.
Spelaeonethes castellonensis Cruz & Dalens, 1989
BIBL. – CRUZ & DALENS 1989 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1995a; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – NE-Spain: Castellón.
Spelaeonethes dianae Vandel, 1953 = Nesiotoniscus d.
Spelaeonethes ferrarai Argano & Manicastri, 1990 = Nesiotoniscus f.
Spelaeonethes grafittii Argano & Manicastri, 1990 = Nesiotoniscus g.
Spelaeonethes mancinii (Brian, 1912)
SYN. – Trichoniscus m.
BIBL. – BRIAN 1912 (figs.), 1914a, 1927, 1931b, 1950, 1958a; BOLDORI 1936; ARCANGELI 1938c
(figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1972; PAOLETTI 1981; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; TAITI &
FERRARA 1989c, 1995b; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Northern and central Italy.
Spelaeonethes medius (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – Alpioniscus m., Trichoniscus m., S. occidentalis
BIBL. – CARL 1908b (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1946d, 1950h, 1953g, 1960a (figs.), 1972a (figs.),
1973d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; TAITI & FERRARA 1995a (p. 314); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Southern France; northern Spain.
Spelaeonethes nodulosus Verhoeff, 1932
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1932a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1937c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1973d; PAOLETTI
1978a, 1980, 1981; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; CAODURO et alii 1994; TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: valley of Brenta.
Spelaeonethes novus (Arcangeli, 1935) = Libanonethes n.
Spelaeonethes occidentalis Vandel, 1972 = S. medius
S p e l a e o n i s c u s Racovitza, 1907
Spelaeoniscus coiffaiti Vandel, 1961
BIBL. – VANDEL 1961 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973c, 1982a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
Spelaeoniscus costai Caruso & Lombardo, 1976
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1976 (figs.); CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii
1995.
DISTR. – Italy: island Ustica N Sicily.
Spelaeoniscus debrugei Racovitza, 1907
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1907b (figs.), 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1948d, 1955e, 1959a; CARUSO 1973c,
1982a; SCHMIDT 2002 (figs.).
Spelaeoniscus hamatus Caruso & Lombardo, 1978
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1978 (figs.); CARUSO 1982a.
Spelaeoniscus kabylicola Vandel, 1948
BIBL. – VANDEL 1948d (figs.), 1954m (figs.), 1959a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973c, 1982a.
Spelaeoniscus lagrecai Caruso, 1973
BIBL. – CARUSO 1973a (figs.), 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: island Marettimo W Sicily.
Spelaeoniscus orientalis Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CARUSO 1973c, 1982a.
Spelaeoniscus petraliai Caruso & Lombardo, 1977
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1977a (figs.); CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii
1995.
DISTR. – Sicily.
Spelaeoniscus ragonesei Caruso & Lombardo, 1977
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1977b (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO
et alii 1987.
240
DISTR. – SE-Sicily.
Spelaeoniscus sahariensis Paulian de Félice, 1942
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1942a; VANDEL 1948d, 1959a (figs.); CARUSO 1973c, 1982a.
DISTR. – Central Algeria.
Spelaeoniscus vallettai Caruso, 1975
BIBL. – CARUSO 1975 (figs.), 1982a; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; CARUSO et alii 1987.
DISTR. – NW-Malta.
Spelaeoniscus vandeli Caruso, 1976
BIBL. – CARUSO 1976 (figs.), 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995; CARUSO &
LOMBARDO 1995.
DISTR. – Italy: island Pantelleria SW Sicily.
Genus Sphaerillo = Genus Spherillo
S p h a e r i l l o d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Sphaerillodillo conisaleus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Diploexochus c., Spherillo c.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1949; ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990a.
Sphaerillodillo pubescens (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo p., Diploexochus p., Spherillo p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1937, 1949; ARCANGELI 1934c;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990a; JEPPESEN 2000.
“ S p h a e r i l l o i d e s ” Vandel, 1974
REMARKS. – TAITI et alii (1998) have synonymized Sphaerilloides with Spherillo since the
type species Sphaerilloides testudinalis is a junior synonym of Spherillo vitiensis (see
KWON & TAITI 1993: 71). All the species still in Sphaerilloides have to be reexamined for
their correct generic position.
“Sphaerilloides” antipodum Vandel, 1977
DISTR. – Antipodes Islands SE New Zealand.
“Sphaerilloides” invisibilis Vandel, 1977
“Sphaerilloides” macmahoni (Chilton, 1901)
SYN. – Armadillo m., Cubaris m., Spherillo m.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950,
1961; VANDEL 1977a.
“Sphaerilloides” minimus Vandel, 1977
“Sphaerilloides” philippinensis Vandel, 1974
BIBL. – VANDEL 1974a (figs.), 1977a.
DISTR. – Southern Philippines: island Tawi-Tawi.
“Sphaerilloides” rugulosus (Miers, 1876)
SYN. – Armadillo r., Cubaris r.
BIBL. – MIERS 1876; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1909, 1910a;
JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a (figs.).
DISTR. – New Zealand: South Island, Adam’s Island, Disappointment Island, Campbell
Island.
Sphaerilloides testudinalis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Spherillo vitiensis
“Sphaerilloides” tuberculatus Vandel, 1977
DISTR. – New Zealand: South Island, Stephens Island.
S p h a e r o b a t h y t r o p a Verhoeff, 1908
Sphaerobathytropa antarctica Vandel, 1963
BIBL. – VANDEL 1962a, 1963a (figs.), 1968e; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Argentina: Patagonia.
Sphaerobathytropa ribauti Verhoeff, 1908
241
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908e; VANDEL 1940b, 1941d, 1943, 1948f, 1962a, 1962b (p. 848, figs.,
map), 1968e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii 1984.
DISTR. – SW-France; NE-Spain.
S p h a e r o n i s c u s Gerstäcker, 1854
Sphaeroniscus bonitanus Van Name, 1942
DISTR. – Venezuela: “San Estéban”.
Sphaeroniscus cacahuamilpensis Richardson, 1905 = Venezillo c.
Sphaeroniscus colombiensis Pearse, 1916 = Scleropactes c.
Sphaeroniscus flavomaculatus Gerstäcker, 1854
BIBL. – GERSTÄCKER 1854 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; ?RICHARDSON 1912a; VAN NAME 1936;
VANDEL 1972g; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Colombia: “Capote”.
Sphaeroniscus frontalis Richardson, 1912
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1912a; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Colombia: “Viota”.
Sphaeroniscus gaigei Pearse, 1916 = Scleropactes g.
Sphaeroniscus gerstaeckeri Vandel, 1968
Sphaeroniscus granulatus Dollfus, 1893
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893a (figs.); ?RICHARDSON 1912a; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
DISTR. – ?Colombia: Cauca River; Venezuela: “Colonie Tovar”.
Sphaeroniscus guianensis Van Name, 1936
DISTR. – Guyana.
Sphaeroniscus peruvianus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Scleropactes p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Peru”.
Sphaeroniscus pilosus Vandel, 1972
DISTR. – Colombia: Bogotá.
Sphaeroniscus portoricensis Richardson, 1901 = Richardsoniscus p.
Sphaeroniscus senex (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Scleropactes s.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1904; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1952d (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
DISTR. – Venezuela: “Merida”, Rancho Grande.
Sphaeroniscus tukeitanus Van Name, 1936
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – Guyana.
S p h e n o d i l l o Lewis, 1998
Sphenodillo agnostos Lewis, 1998
S p h e r a r m a d i l l o Richardson, 1907
Spherarmadillo cavernicola Mulaik, 1960 = S. schwarzi
Spherarmadillo huatuscensis Mulaik, 1960
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1970d (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Spherarmadillo schwarzi Richardson, 1907
SYN. – S. cavernicola
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1907b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; MULAIK 1960; SCHULTZ 1970d (figs.),
1984b; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: provinces Veracruz, Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosí; Belize; Guatemala.
S p h e r i l l o Dana, 1853
242
Spherillo affinis Dana, 1854 = Armadillo a.

Spherillo agataensis (Nunomura, 1991) = Venezillo a.
Spherillo albospinosus (Dollfus, 1900)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1900 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – Hawaii.
Spherillo albus (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo a.
Spherillo ambitiosus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Cubaris a.
Spherillo atrogrisescens Wahrberg, 1922 = Lobodillo a.
Spherillo aucklandicus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
REMARKS. – Possibly a synonym of S. monolinus.
Spherillo bicoloratus (Budde-Lund, 1894) = Merulanella b.
Spherillo bifrons (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Australiodillo b.
Spherillo bipunctatus Budde-Lund, 1904
SYN. – Cubaris b.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; CHILTON 1910a; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a;
JEPPESEN 2000.
Spherillo bocki (Verhoeff, 1938)
SYN. – Melanesillo b.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938e (figs.); JACKSON 1941; TAITI et alii 1998.
DISTR. – Micronesia: Marshall Islands.
Spherillo boholensis Budde-Lund, 1904
DISTR. – Philippines: island Bohol.
Spherillo boninensis (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo b.
Spherillo brachycephalus Budde-Lund, 1904
DISTR. – Borneo.
Spherillo brevicauda (Dollfus, 1898)
Spherillo brevis Budde-Lund, 1904
SYN. – Cubaris b., Sphaerillo b.
JEPPESEN 2000.
Spherillo caligans Budde-Lund, 1904
Spherillo canaliculatus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Merulana c.
Spherillo carinulatus (Budde-Lund, 1904)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; JACKSON 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Hawaii.
Spherillo chathamensis Budde-Lund, 1904 = Merulana c.
Spherillo cinctutus (Kinahan, 1859) = Pyrgoniscus c.
Spherillo cingulatus (Barnard, 1932) = Parasphaerillo c.
Spherillo coecus (Dollfus, 1898)
DISTR. – Java.
Spherillo collaris Budde-Lund, 1904
SYN. – Sphaerillo c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1912b; BARNARD 1936b, 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI &
Spherillo conisaleus (Barnard, 1932) = Sphaerillodillo c.
Spherillo daitoensis (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo d.
Spherillo damarensis (Panning, 1924)
SYN. – Diploexochus d., Sphaerillo d.
BIBL. – PANNING 1924 (figs.); BARNARD 1932; ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Spherillo danae Heller, 1865
SYN. – Armadillo d. (non Dollfus, 1900), inconspicuus, Cubaris d., Sphaerillo d.
243
BIBL. – HELLER 1865 (figs.); MIERS 1876; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; CHILTON 1901, 1910a;
JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
Spherillo decoratus Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (p. 81); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Siam” (= Thailand).
Spherillo dispersus Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); JACKSON 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – ?Papua New Guinea: Bismarck Islands.
Spherillo donanensis (Nunomura, 1992) = Venezillo d.
Spherillo dorsalis (Iwamoto, 1943) = Venezillo d.
Spherillo elegans (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo e.
Spherillo erinaceus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); JACKSON 1927a, 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Samoa.
Spherillo exilis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Merulana e.
Spherillo fissus Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a, 1942c.
Spherillo floresianus (Dollfus, 1898)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; BUDDE-LUND 1904.
Spherillo frontalis Budde-Lund, 1904 = Hawaiodillo danae
Spherillo graevei (Arcangeli, 1927)
DISTR. – Central Vietnam.
Spherillo grisescens Budde-Lund, 1902
DISTR. – “Malayan peninsula: Aring in Kelantan”.
Spherillo grossus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo g., Sphaerillo g.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.), 1913a; WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); VANDEL 1973c
(figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
Spherillo hamiltoni (Chilton, 1901) = Coronadillo h.
Spherillo hasegawai (Nunomura, 1991) = Venezillo h.
Spherillo hawaiensis Dana, 1853
SYN. – Armadillo australis, bidens, h.
BIBL. – DANA 1853 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1900; JACKSON 1941; TAITI
& HOWARTH 1996.
Spherillo hebridarum Verhoeff, 1926 = Lobodillo h.
Spherillo hiurai (Nunomura, 1991) = Venezillo h.
Spherillo hypotoreus Jackson, 1936
DISTR. – Malaysia: “Pakka”.
Spherillo impressifrons (Budde-Lund, 1904) = Merulana i.
Spherillo inconspicuus (Miers, 1876) = S. danae
Spherillo ingens Budde-Lund, 1904
Spherillo iniquus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Merulana i.
Spherillo insularum Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942c (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
Spherillo iriomotensis (Nunomura, 1990) = Cubaris i.
Spherillo kunigamiensis (Nunomura, 1991) = Venezillo k.
Spherillo lentus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Lobodillo l.
Spherillo lifouensis (Verhoeff, 1926) = Xestodillo l.
Spherillo lineatus (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo l.
Spherillo macmahoni (Chilton, 1901) = Sphaerilloides m.
Spherillo mactus Wahrberg, 1922 = Merulana bicarinata
Spherillo maculatus Arcangeli, 1952 = Dryadillo m.
Spherillo maculosus Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1912b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
244
Spherillo marginatus Budde-Lund, 1904

SYN. – Cubaris m., Sphaerillo m.
JEPPESEN 2000.
Spherillo marmoratus Wahrberg, 1922 = Cubaris m.
Spherillo marquesarum Jackson, 1933
SYN. – Sphaerillo m.
BIBL. – JACKSON 1933 (figs.), 1935a, 1938, 1941.
DISTR. – Polynesia (Marquesas; Society Islands; Tuamotus; Pitcairn; Australs).
Spherillo melanurus (Dollfus, 1887)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1887a; BUDDE-LUND 1904; JACKSON 1941.
Spherillo menglunensis Dai & Cai, 1998
DISTR. – China: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna region.
Spherillo merulanoides Wahrberg, 1922 = Cubaris m.
Spherillo misellus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; THOMSON 1892; GREEN 1961, 1974, 2001; JEPPESEN 2000;
GREEN et alii 2002.
Spherillo monolinus Dana, 1853
SYN. – Armadillo m., Cubaris m.
BIBL. – DANA 1853 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; CHILTON 1901, 1910a; JACKSON 1941;
HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a.
Spherillo montivagus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = S. vitiensis
Spherillo montivagus (Verhoeff, 1942)
SYN. – Sphaerillo m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942b (figs.), 1942c (figs.).
DISTR. – China: “Hsifan-Bergland”.
Spherillo nanjingensis Boping, Hong & Tian, 1994
BIBL. – BOPING et alii 1994.
Spherillo nepalensis (Vandel, 1973) = Cubaris n.
Spherillo nicobaricus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
DISTR. – Nicobar Islands.
Spherillo nigroflavus (Wahrberg, 1922) = Cubaris n.
Spherillo nipponicus Arcangeli, 1952
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1952e (figs.); SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Spherillo nobilis Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Japan.
Spherillo nomurai Nunomura & Xie, 2000
Spherillo obliquipes Budde-Lund, 1904
Spherillo obscurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo o.
Spherillo oharaensis (Nunomura, 1992) = Venezillo o.
Spherillo opacus (Verhoeff, 1928)
SYN. – Sphaerillo o.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928b (figs.), 1942c.
DISTR. – Taiwan.
Spherillo orientalis Kwon & Taiti, 1993
DISTR. – China: Yunnan, Kunming.
Spherillo panningi Arcangeli, 1934
SYN. – Sphaerillo p.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia.
Spherillo parvus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Venezillo p.
Spherillo peltatus Budde-Lund, 1904 = Merulanella p.
245
Spherillo perkinsi Dollfus, 1900 = Hawaiodillo p.

Spherillo pictus (Heller, 1868)
BIBL. – HELLER 1868; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – Society Islands: Tahiti.
Spherillo politus (Verhoeff, 1926) = Xestodillo p.
Spherillo pomarius (Jackson, 1930)
BIBL. – JACKSON 1930 (figs.), 1931 (figs.); VANDEL 1973b (figs.).
DISTR. – South New Guinea; New Britain.
Spherillo pubescens (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Sphaerillodillo p. (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1990)
Spherillo purpurascens Budde-Lund, 1913
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b; JACKSON 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
Spherillo pygmaeus (Verhoeff, 1926)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a, 1928b, 1942c; JACKSON 1933, 1941.
DISTR. – New Caledonia; Marquesas Islands.
Spherillo raffaelei (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Armadillo r., Formosillo r.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; ?KWON & TAITI 1993 (figs.); DUDGEON et alii 1990;
MA et alii 1991.
DISTR. – China; Vietnam.
Spherillo rectifrons (Dollfus, 1898) = Dryadillo r.
Spherillo ruficornis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo r.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; JACKSON 1941; JEPPESEN 2000.
Spherillo rufomarginatus Budde-Lund, 1904
SYN. – Cubaris r.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); CHILTON 1910a; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – New Zealand: “Taranga”.
Spherillo rufoniger Wahrberg, 1922 = Cubaris r.
Spherillo rugosus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Merulana r.
Spherillo rugulosus (Miers, 1876) = Sphaerilloides r.
Spherillo russoi (Arcangeli, 1927) = Venezillo r.
Spherillo sarasinorum (Dollfus, 1898)
Spherillo scamnorum (Verhoeff, 1938) = S. vitiensis
Spherillo sennai (Arcangeli, 1927)
DISTR. – Philippines: Luzon.
Spherillo setaceus Budde-Lund, 1904
SYN. – Cubaris s.
JEPPESEN 2000.
Spherillo sharpi (Dollfus, 1900) = Hawaiodillo s.
Spherillo shuriensis (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo s.
Spherillo societatis Maccagno, 1932
SYN. – Sphaerillo s.
BIBL. – MACCAGNO 1932a (figs.); JACKSON 1941.
DISTR. – Society Islands.
Spherillo soleiformis (Nunomura, 1991) = Venezillo s.
Spherillo sollers Budde-Lund, 1904
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); VANDEL 1973c; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Queensland (Australia): Rockhampton.
Spherillo speciosus (Dana, 1853)
SYN. – Armadillo s., Cubaris s.
BIBL. – DANA 1853 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950; VANDEL
1977a.
Spherillo spicatus Jackson, 1927
BIBL. – JACKSON 1927a (figs.), 1941.
246
DISTR. – Samoa.
Spherillo spinosus Dana, 1853 = Acanthodillo s.
Spherillo squamatus Budde-Lund, 1904
SYN. – Cubaris s.
JEPPESEN 2000.
Spherillo suteri (Chilton, 1915) = Coronadillo s.
Spherillo tarangensis Budde-Lund, 1904 = Cubaris t.
Spherillo telsogrossus Wahrberg, 1922
Spherillo testudinalis (Budde-Lund, 1885) = S. vitiensis
Spherillo thomseni (Panning, 1924)
SYN. – Diploexochus t., Sphaerillo t.
BIBL. – PANNING 1924 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia.
Spherillo tomiyamai (Nunomura, 1991) = Venezillo t.
Spherillo translucidus (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Merulana t.
Spherillo tuberosus Wahrberg, 1922 = Acanthodillo t.
“Spherillo” velutinus (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Armadillo v.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; BUDDE-LUND 1904; ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.); GREEN et alii 1990 (figs.).
DISTR. – Indonesia: Sumatra, Java and Sulawesi.
Spherillo vitiensis Dana, 1853
SYN. – Armadillo montivagus, samoensis, testudinalis, tongensis, v., Cubaris testudinalis,
Melanesillo scamnorum, Sphaerilloides testudinalis, Spherillo montivagus (Budde-Lund),
scamnorum, testudinalis
BIBL. – DANA 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.), 1908 (figs.), 1913b; DOLLFUS 1890a;
RICHARDSON 1914 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1938e (figs.); JACKSON 1927a (figs.), 1933, 1935a, 1938,
1941; VANDEL 1973b, 1974a, 1977a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; DALENS 1988; LEHTINEN et alii
1998, 2000; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Indian Ocean; western Pacific.
REMARKS. – According to Opinion 1951 in Bulletin of zoological Nomenclature 57 (2000),
p. 126, Spherillo vitiensis Dana, 1853 is designated as type species of the genus Spherillo
Dana, 1853.
Spherillo weberi (Dollfus, 1898)
SYN. – Armadillo w.
DISTR. – Sumatra.
Spherillo yaeyamanus (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo y.
Spherillo yonaguniensis (Nunomura, 1990) = Venezillo y.
Spherillo zebricolor (Stebbing, 1900) = Xestodillo z.
Spherillo zonalis (Nunomura, 1991) = Venezillo y.
Spiloniscus austriacus (Verhoeff, 1908) = Tachysoniscus a.

Spiloniscus biformatus (Racovitza, 1908) = Trichoniscus b.
Spiloniscus darwini Vandel, 1938 = Trichoniscus d.
Spiloniscus elisabethae (Herold, 1923) = Trichoniscus pusillus
Spiloniscus fragilis (Racovitza, 1908) = Trichoniscus f.
Spiloniscus noricus (Verhoeff, 1917) = Trichoniscus n.
Spiloniscus provisorius (Racovitza, 1908) = Trichoniscus p.
Spiloniscus pseudopusillus (Arcangeli, 1929) = Trichoniscus p.
Spiloniscus pygmaeus (Sars, 1898) = Trichoniscus p.
S t e g o s a u r o n i s c u s Schmölzer, 1974
Stegosauroniscus horridus Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1975a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
S t e n o n i s c u s Aubert & Dollfus, 1890

Crinocheta: family Stenoniscidae
Stenoniscus adriaticus Verhoeff, 1908 = S. carinatus
Stenoniscus aenariensis (Verhoeff, 1942)
SYN. – Parastenoniscus a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g.
247
DISTR. – Central Italy: island Ischia.

REMARKS. – Very probably a synonym of either S. pleonalis or S. carinatus.
Stenoniscus aiasensis Legrand, 1953 = S. pleonalis
Stenoniscus carinatus Silvestri, 1897
SYN. – Parastenoniscus adriaticus, S. adriaticus
BIBL. – SILVESTRI 1897a; VANDEL 1944b (figs.), 1946b; ARCANGELI 1950c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1971; CARUSO 1973a, 1973c, 1974, 1976; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1976, 1982, 1995;
SCHMALFUSS 1977b; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1996; HOESE 1981, 1982a, 1984c, 1989
(figs.); CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; ARGANO et alii 1995;
SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – Coasts of Portugal, Spain, Italy and Croatia.
Stenoniscus contoyensis Mulaik, 1960 = S. pleonalis
Stenoniscus elbanus (Verhoeff, 1931) = S. pleonalis
Stenoniscus pleonalis Aubert & Dollfus, 1890
SYN. – Parastenoniscus elbanus, S. aiasensis, S. contoyensis
BIBL. – AUBERT & DOLLFUS 1890; VERHOEFF 1931b, 1933b, 1942g; VANDEL 1944b, 1954n,
1960b, 1961, 1962b (p. 418, figs.), 1968c; LEGRAND 1953b (figs.); MULAIK 1960;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; KARAMAN 1966b; MATSAKIS 1969, 1973; SCHULTZ 1972a; CARUSO
1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999; ANDREEV 1986b; CARUSO et alii
1987; CRUZ 1991b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1996; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995;
GARCIA & CRUZ 1993, 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1995; SFENTHOURAKIS
1996b.
DISTR. – Northern coasts of Mediterranean east to the Aegean; Bulgaria: Sozopol; Madeira;
Bermuda; Mexico: province Yucatán.
Stenoniscus plutonis (Verhoeff, 1942)
SYN. – Parastenoniscus p.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g, 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Central Italy: island Ischia.
REMARKS. – Probably a synonym of S. pleonalis.
S t e n o p h i l o s c i a Verhoeff, 1908
Crinocheta: family Halophilosciidae
Stenophiloscia bitschi Vandel, 1957
BIBL. – VANDEL 1957d (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Turkey: region of Izmir.
Stenophiloscia dalmatica Verhoeff, 1930 = S. glarearum
Stenophiloscia glarearum Verhoeff, 1908
SYN. – Halophiloscia zosterae, S. dalmatica, nodulosa, posidoniarum, salsilaginis, zosterae
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908f (figs.), 1928d, 1930c, 1931b, 1952 (figs.); KESSELYÁK 1930d; VANDEL
1962b (p. 488, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; CARUSO 1968b (figs.); FERRARA &
TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1996; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; CARUSO
et alii 1987; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; CRUZ 1991b; OLIVER & MEECHAN 1993; RODRÍGUEZ &
BARRIENTOS 1993c; ARGANO et alii 1995; ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1996; CARUSO & LOMBARDO
1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; SCHMALFUSS 1999.
DISTR. – Southern England; Canary Islands; eastern Spain; Balearic Islands; SE-France;
Italy; Malta; Croatia; Ionian coast of Greece. Records of this species from the Aegean are
misidentifications of S. vandeli.
REMARKS. – According to the existing illustrations of the male pleopods S. dalmatica, S.
nodulosa, S. posidoniarum, S. salsilaginis and S. zosterae cannot be separated from S.
glarearum.
Stenophiloscia nodulosa Verhoeff, 1952 = S. glarearum
Stenophiloscia pieperi Schmalfuss, 1972 = S. vandeli
Stenophiloscia posidoniarum Verhoeff, 1952 = S. glarearum
Stenophiloscia riedli Strouhal, 1966 = Littorophiloscia r.
Stenophiloscia salsilaginis Verhoeff, 1931 = S. glarearum
Stenophiloscia vandeli Matsakis, 1967
SYN. – S. pieperi
BIBL. – MATSAKIS 1967 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1972c, 1975b, 1979b, 1999; SCHMALFUSS &
SCHAWALLER 1984; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – Coasts of the Aegean Sea. Aegean records of S. zosterae pertain to this species.
Stenophiloscia zosterae Verhoeff, 1928 = S. glarearum
S t e n o p l e o n o s c i a Herold, 1931
REMARKS. – Unavailable name because type-species not designated.
Stenopleonoscia albimarginata Herold, 1931
248
DISTR. – Indonesia: “Sabang”.

Stenopleonoscia nitida Herold, 1931
Stenopleonoscia setosa Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Indonesia: central Java.
Stenopleonoscia wahrbergi Herold, 1931
DISTR. – Indonesia: “Sabang”.
S t e p h e n o s c i a Vandel, 1977
Stephenoscia bifrons Vandel, 1977
S t i g m o p s Lillemets & Wilson, 2002

Stigmops demiclavula (Lewis, 1998)
SYN. – Anchicubaris d.
BIBL. – LEWIS 1998b (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002; LILLEMETS & WILSON 2002 (figs.).
Stigmops howensis (Lewis, 1998)
SYN. – Anchicubaris h.
BIBL. – LEWIS 1998b (figs.); GREEN et alii 2002; LILLEMETS & WILSON 2002 (figs.).
Stigmops odontotergina Lillemets & Wilson, 2002
Stigmops polyvelota Lillemets & Wilson, 2002
Genus Strouhalius = Genus Oroniscus
S t r o u h a l o n i s c e l l u s Tabacaru, 1993
Strouhaloniscellus anophthalmus (Strouhal, 1939)
SYN. – Haplophthalmus a.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939f (figs.), 1940a, 1940d; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; BUTUROVIĆ
1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TABACARU 1993a.
Genus Strouhaloniscus = Genus Oroniscus
Stylohylea bosniensis (Verhoeff, 1901) = Trichoniscus b.
S t y l o n i s c u s Dana, 1852
Styloniscus albidus Vandel, 1952 = Indoniscus a.
Styloniscus araucanicus (Verhoeff, 1939)
SYN. – Patagoniscus a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939d (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Chile: Región Aysén.
Styloniscus australiensis Vandel, 1973
DISTR. – Australia: Western Australia; Victoria: “Mount Hamilton”.
Styloniscus australis (Dollfus, 1890)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1890a; BARNARD 1965 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Atlantic: Gough Island and Tristan da Cunha.
Styloniscus austroafricanus (Barnard, 1932)
249

Styloniscus capensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus c.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932; VANDEL 1952f; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Styloniscus cestus (Barnard, 1932)
Styloniscus commensalis (Chilton, 1910)
BIBL. – CHILTON 1910b; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a, 1977c (figs.).
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales and Sydney; New Zealand.
Styloniscus georgensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus g.
Styloniscus gracilis Dana, 1854 = Ligidium g.
Styloniscus hirsutus Green, 1971
BIBL. – GREEN 1971 (figs.), 1974; GREEN et alii 2002.
Styloniscus horae (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus h.
Styloniscus hottentoti (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus h.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); VANDEL 1952f; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Styloniscus iheringi (Verhoeff, 1939)
SYN. – Patagoniscus i.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939d, 1951b (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southernmost Argentina: region of Ushuaia; Falkland Islands.
Styloniscus insulanus Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
Styloniscus japonicus Nunomura, 2000
Styloniscus kermadecensis (Chilton, 1911)
SYN. – Trichoniscus k.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1911 (figs.); JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1977a (figs.).
Styloniscus longistylis Dana, 1853
BIBL. – DANA 1853 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885; JACKSON 1941.
Styloniscus maculosus Green, 1961
Styloniscus magellanicus Dana, 1853
BIBL. – DANA 1853; BUDDE-LUND 1885; CHILTON 1909, 1910a; STEBBING 1910a; GIAMBIAGI DE
CALABRESE 1939; JACKSON 1941; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1952f (figs.), 1963a (figs.);
ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.); GREEN 1971; ERHARD 1997 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Chile; SW-Argentina.
Styloniscus mauritiensis (Barnard, 1936)
SYN. – Indoniscus m., Trichoniscus m.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1936b (figs.), 1958, 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1983a
(figs.), 1991b; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996, 1997.
DISTR. – Hawaii; Mauritius; greenhouses in Scotland.
Styloniscus mauritiensis Vandel, 1952 = Indoniscus vandeli
Styloniscus monocellatus (Dollfus, 1890)
SYN. – Microniscus m., Oligoniscus m.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1890a, 1890b; BUDDE-LUND 1908; VAN NAME 1936; STROUHAL 1961b;
Styloniscus moruliceps (Barnard, 1932)
250
Styloniscus murrayi (Dollfus, 1890)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1890a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Central Chile: Valparaiso.
Styloniscus natalensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus n.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932, 1949; VANDEL 1952f; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Styloniscus nichollsi Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952f (figs.); GREEN 1961 (figs.), 1971, 1974; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Australia: New South Wales; Tasmania.
Styloniscus nordenskioeldi (Verhoeff, 1939)
SYN. – Patagoniscus i.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939d, 1951b (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southernmost Chile.
Styloniscus otakensis (Chilton, 1901)
SYN. – Trichoniscus o.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); JACKSON 1941; VANDEL 1952f
(figs.), 1977a; HURLEY 1950, 1961; GREEN 1971 (figs.); SCOTT 1978, 1984; KLINKEN &
GREEN 1992; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – New Zealand; Chatham Islands; Auckland Islands; Macquarie Island.
REMARKS. – S. o. fernandezianus described by STROUHAL (1961b) from the Juan Fernández
Islands (Chile) has been synonymized with S. simrothi by VANDEL (1963a).
Styloniscus pallidus (Verhoeff, 1939)
SYN. – Patagoniscus p.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939d, 1951b (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.).
DISTR. – Falkland Islands.
Styloniscus phormianus (Chilton, 1901)
SYN. – Trichoniscus p.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; VANDEL 1952f (figs.), 1977a; HURLEY 1950, 1961; GREEN
1971 (figs.); SCOTT 1978, 1984.
Styloniscus planus Green, 1971
Styloniscus riversdalei (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus r.
Styloniscus romanorum Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1972e, 1973f (figs.), 1981; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Western Cuba: provinces Pinar del Río and Las Villas.
Styloniscus schwabei (Verhoeff, 1939)
SYN. – Patagoniscus s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939d (figs.); VAN NAME 1942; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Chile: Región Aysén.
Styloniscus simplex Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Guatemala: “La Candeleria”.
Styloniscus simrothi (Verhoeff, 1939)
SYN. – Patagoniscus s., S. otakensis fernandezianus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939d; VAN NAME 1942; ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.) ; STROUHAL 1961b (figs.);
VANDEL 1963a (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Chile: Juan Fernández Islands and region of Concepción; SW-Argentina: provinces
Neuquén and Rio Negro.
Styloniscus spinosus (Patience, 1907)
SYN. – Cordioniscus s., Trichoniscus s.
BIBL. – PATIENCE 1907b; VANDEL 1933, 1952f (figs.); EDNEY 1953a (figs.); BARNARD 1958,
1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1983a; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; TAITI &
HOWARTH 1996.
DISTR. – Mauritius; Réunion; Madagascar; Hawaii; greenhouses in Great Britain.
Styloniscus squarrosus Green, 1961
BIBL. – GREEN 1961 (figs.), 1965, 1974; VANDEL 1973c; GREEN et alii 2002.
Styloniscus swellendami (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus s.
251

Styloniscus sylvestris Green, 1971
Styloniscus tabulae (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus t.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); VANDEL 1952f (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Styloniscus thomsoni (Chilton, 1885)
SYN. – Patagoniscus t., Philougria t., Philygria t., Trichoniscus t.
BIBL. – CHILTON 1885, 1901 (figs.), 1909; WAHRBERG 1922a; JACKSON 1938 (figs.), 1941;
VERHOEFF 1939d; HURLEY 1950, 1961; VANDEL 1952f (figs.), 1977a; GREEN 1971 (figs.).
DISTR. – New Zealand: South Island; Auckland Islands.
Styloniscus vandeli Barnard, 1958 = Indoniscus v.
Styloniscus ventosus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Trichoniscus v.
Styloniscus verrucosus (Budde-Lund, 1906)
SYN. – Trichoniscus v.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1906 (figs.); CHILTON 1910a; WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); JACKSON 1941;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Subantarctic islands of New Zealand and Marion Island.
S t y m p h a l u s Budde-Lund, 1879
?Diplocheta: family ?
REMARKS. – Perhaps a synonym of Ligia.
Stymphalus dilatatus (Perty, 1834)
SYN. – Ligia d.
BIBL. – PERTY 1834; BUDDE-LUND 1879, 1885; VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); VANDEL 1960a (p. 114);
SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Brazil: Bahía.
S u a r e z i a Budde-Lund, 1904
Suarezia differens Barnard, 1958
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Manjakatompo, Périnet”.
Suarezia heterodoxa (Dollfus, 1895)
SYN. – Mesarmadillo h.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1895a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.), 1908; JACKSON 1928a; BARNARD 1958;
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Montagne d’Ambre (Diego Suarez), Fénérive”.
S u l e s o s c i a Vandel, 1973
Sulesoscia epigea Vandel, 1973
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973f (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
S u m a t r i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

Sumatrillo antrobius Herold, 1931
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a (figs.); GRUNER 1953 (figs.).
DISTR. – West coast of Sumatra.
Sumatrillo thienemanni Herold, 1931
SYN. – Armadillo t.
BIBL. – HEROLD 1931a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1935f.
DISTR. – Sumatra.
S u n n i v a Budde-Lund, 1908
Crinocheta: family ?Eubelidae
Sunniva carinotelson Barnard, 1964
BIBL. – BARNARD 1964 (figs.).
Sunniva mammillata Barnard, 1936
252
BIBL. – BARNARD 1936b (figs.), 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.

Sunniva minor Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); BARNARD 1936b, 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI &
Sunniva mystica Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904, 1908 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Sunniva uniformis Barnard, 1936
BIBL. – BARNARD 1936b (figs.), 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
S y n a r m a d i l l o Dollfus, 1892
Synarmadillo aelleni Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Gabon.
Synarmadillo albinotatus Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1983;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982, 1983; JEPPESEN 2000.
Synarmadillo armatus (Richardson, 1910) = Globarmadillo a.
Synarmadillo caecus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
Synarmadillo clausus Dollfus, 1892
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1892a; BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a;
VANDEL 1964b (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
DISTR. – Ivory Coast; Sierra Leone; Guinea.
Synarmadillo cristifrons (Hilgendorf, 1893)
SYN. – Periscyphis c., S. feai
BIBL. – HILGENDORF 1893; BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS
1976 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983.
Synarmadillo diversus Paulian de Félice, 1941
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
DISTR. – Cameroon: “Bambouto Mts.”.
Synarmadillo endogaeus (Vandel, 1973)
SYN. – Leucodillo e.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1973b (figs.); TAITI et alii 1998.
DISTR. – New Guinea: Morobe District.
Synarmadillo feai Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976 = S. cristifrons
Synarmadillo flavus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
Synarmadillo globus Budde-Lund, 1908
SYN. – Kamerunillo sulcatus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); VAN NAME 1920; ARCANGELI 1927c, 1950b; PAULIAN DE
FÉLICE 1941a; VERHOEFF 1942d; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.), 1983; FERRARA & TAITI
1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1982, 1983; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon: Mount Cameroon region; Equatorial Guinea: island Bioko (=
Fernando Poo).
Synarmadillo insulanus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1976
BIBL. – FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA
1983.
DISTR. – SW-Cameroon: Douala; Equatorial Guinea: island Bioko (= Fernando Poo).
Synarmadillo lubilensis Van Name, 1920
DISTR. – Zaire: “Lubila River”.
“Synarmadillo” madagascariensis Dollfus, 1895
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1908; ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Montagne d’Ambre, Diego Suarez”.
REMARKS. – Ascription to genus Synarmadillo questionable.
“Synarmadillo” marmoratus Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
253
Synarmadillo nigropunctatus (Hilgendorf, 1893) = Togarmadillo n.
Synarmadillo pallidus Arcangeli, 1950
DISTR. – Zaire: “Ituri, Medje”.
Synarmadillo parvulus Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983
DISTR. – Togo.
“Synarmadillo” pygmaeus (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – Periscyphis p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898 (figs.), 1908; ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – ?Uganda: Ruwenzori (= Runsoro).
Synarmadillo ruthveni (Pearse, 1916)
SYN. – Coxopodias r., Minca r.
BIBL. – PEARSE 1916 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Colombia: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (introduced?).
Synarmadillo schlegeli Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
“Synarmadillo” simplex Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Synarmadillo spinosus (Collinge, 1917) = Circoniscus s.
Synarmadillo taitii Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
Synarmadillo tristani (Richardson, 1910)
SYN. – Coxopodias t.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1910b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1927c, 1930b; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
Synarmadillo vicinus Paulian de Félice, 1941
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1941a (figs.); FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
DISTR. – Cameroon: “Makak”.
Synarmadillo villosus (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – Periscyphis v.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898 (figs.), 1908; ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Kenya: “near Kitui”.
S y n a r m a d i l l o i d e s Nobili, 1906
Synarmadilloides congolensis (Ferrara, 1975)
SYN. – Gerutha c.
BIBL. – FERRARA 1975 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zaire: Kahuzi.
Synarmadilloides laevis (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Gerutha l.
BIBL. – LÖNNBERG & BUDDE-LUND 1912; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Uganda: Ruwenzori region.
Synarmadilloides marginepilosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Gerutha m.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Kaffa”.
Synarmadilloides nitida (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Gerutha n.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Shoa, Galla”.
Synarmadilloides pila (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – Eubelum p., Gerutha p., S. roccatii
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898, 1899 (figs.); NOBILI 1906; VAN NAME 1920; ARCANGELI 1932c,
1950b; FERRARA 1975a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA et alii 1991; JEPPESEN 2000;
PAOLI et alii 2002 (figs.); FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
254
DISTR. – Zaire; Kenya.

Synarmadilloides pilosa (Budde-Lund, 1912)
SYN. – Gerutha p.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Gadat”.
Synarmadilloides roccatii Nobili, 1906 = S. pila
Syngastron dasypus Costa, 1883 = Helleria brevicornis
Synuropus granulatus Richardson, 1901 = Scleropactes g.
Syspastus brevicornis (Ebner, 1868) = Helleria b.

Syspastus sardous Verhoeff, 1908 = Helleria brevicornis
T a c h y s o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1930
Tachysoniscus austriacus (Verhoeff, 1908)
SYN. – Spiloniscus a., Trichoniscus a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908f, 1930c, 1932a, 1934a, 1939f; MEHELY 1927 (figs.), 1932; MÖDLINGER
1931; STROUHAL 1948c, 1951, 1953b; SCHMÖLZER 1951b, 1953b (figs.), 1965b, 1974b;
STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; KARAMAN 1966b; PAOLETTI 1978a, 1980;
POTOČNIK 1979, 1981; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; KOFLER 1989; ARGANO et alii 1995;
TABACARU 1996a; FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998.
DISTR. – Northern Italy; Austria; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina.
T a d z h i k o n i s c u s Borutzky, 1976
Crinocheta: family ?Agnaridae
Tadzhikoniscus coecus Borutzky, 1976
T a m a r i d a Taiti & Ferrara, 2004

Tamarida differens Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Tamarida setigera Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
T a s m a n o n i s c u s Vandel, 1973
Tasmanoniscus evansi Vandel, 1973
T a u r o l i g i d i u m Borutzky, 1950
Tauroligidium stygium Borutzky, 1950
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1950 (figs.), 1962, 1972b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
T a u r o n e t h e s Borutzky, 1949
Tauronethes lebedinskyi Borutzky, 1949
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1949 (figs.), 1962 (figs.), 1972b.
T e n d o s p h a e r a Verhoeff, 1930
Crinocheta: family Tendosphaeridae
Tendosphaera biellensis Verhoeff, 1936 = T. verrucosa
Tendosphaera brembana Verhoeff, 1931 = T. verrucosa
Tendosphaera graeca Schmalfuss, 1989
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1989a (figs.), 1998a (figs.).
DISTR. – NW-Greece: island Léfkas.
255
Tendosphaera verrucosa Verhoeff, 1930

SYN. – T. biellensis, brembana
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930b, 1931a, 1932b, 1934a, 1936b, 1938c; VANDEL 1948d, 1954m, 1962b;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; SCHMALFUSS 1989a, 1998a (figs.), 1998c;
ARGANO et alii 1995; SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – SE-France: Alpes Maritimes; NW-Italy.
REMARKS. – KARAMAN (1967) recorded Tendosphaera verrucosa from Macedonia
(surroundings of Skopje). According to the illustrations this is certainly a species of
Tendosphaera, but neither the species verrucosa nor graeca.
T e n e b r i o s c i a Schultz, 1985
Tenebrioscia antennuata Schultz, 1985
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Java.
Termitoniscus fulleri Silvestri, 1918 = Schoeblia f.
T h a i l a n d o n i s c u s Dalens, 1989
Thailandoniscus annae Dalens, 1989
DISTR. – Thailand: “province Phangnga”.
REMARKS. – Maybe a species of Clavigeroniscus.
T h a u m a t o n i s c e l l u s Tabacaru, 1973
Thaumatoniscellus orghidani Tabacaru, 1973
BIBL. – TABACARU 1973a (figs.), 1993a, 1994.
DISTR. – Romania.
T h e r m o c e l l i o Verhoeff, 1942
REMARKS. – Unavailable name, perhaps a synonym of Uramba.
Thermocellio congolensis Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.), 1956d; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; TAITI & FERRARA 1987 (figs.).
DISTR. – Zaire; Kenya.
Thermocellio griseus Verhoeff, 1942
Thermocellio kenyensis Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; DAVIS 1989.
DISTR. – Kenya.
Thermocellio kilimanjarensis Schmölzer, 1974
Thermocellio nodulosus Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942d; FERRARA 1974b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
T h o m a s o n i s c u s Vandel, 1981
Thomasoniscus angulatus Vandel, 1981
DISTR. – Cuba.
Thomsenia damarensis Panning, 1924 = Niambia d.
T h r a k o s p h a e r a Schmalfuss, 1998
Crinocheta: family ?Tendosphaeridae
Thrakosphaera schawalleri Schmalfuss, 1998
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1998c (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Greece.
T i r o l o s c i a Verhoeff, 1926
256

Tiroloscia alzonai Arcangeli, 1935 = T. corsica
Tiroloscia apenninorum (Verhoeff, 1908)
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908a, 1908f (figs.), 1918a, 1926b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA
1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Tiroloscia corsica (Dollfus, 1888)
SYN. – Philoscia c., T. alzonai, exigua c.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1888; ARCANGELI 1924d, 1935a, 1950a; VERHOEFF 1928d, 1931b; VANDEL
1948f, 1954n, 1962b (p. 518, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.);
TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1989c, 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995; ARGANO & MANICASTRI
1996.
DISTR. – Corsica; Sardinia; Tuscan Archipelago.
Tiroloscia elbana Verhoeff, 1931 = Sardoniscus pygmaeus
Tiroloscia esterelana (Verhoeff, 1918)
SYN. – Philoscia e.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a, 1926b; VANDEL 1948f, 1962b (p. 521, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Tiroloscia exigua (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Philoscia e., squamuligera
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; KOELBEL 1895; CARL 1908a; VERHOEFF 1908a, 1918a, 1926b,
1928d, 1931a, 1931b, 1932b, 1934a, 1936b; ARCANGELI 1932b; VANDEL 1946c, 1948f,
1962b (p. 524, figs.); LEGRAND 1950; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – SE-France; NE-Italy.
Tiroloscia exigua corsica (Dollfus, 1888) = T. corsica
Tiroloscia macchiae Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b (figs.), 1933b; VANDEL 1948f; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI
1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c (map), 1996; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Corsica; central Italy: Tuscany and Tuscan Archipelago.
Tiroloscia montana Taiti & Ferrara, 1996
DISTR. – Corsica.
Tiroloscia pyrenaica (Dollfus, 1897)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1897a; VERHOEFF 1908b, 1908f, 1918a, 1926b, 1928d, 1931b; ARCANGELI
1925b; VANDEL 1940b, 1941d, 1948f, 1962b (p. 528, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CIFUENTES
1984; VIVAR et alii 1984.
DISTR. – French and Spanish Pyrenees.
Tiroloscia squamata Verhoeff, 1938
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938d; VANDEL 1948f; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – NW-Croatia: island Cres.
REMARKS. – Generic ascription doubtful (only ♀♀ known).
Tiroloscia squamuligera (Koelbel, 1895) = T. exigua
T i t a n a Budde-Lund, 1909
Titana mirabilis Budde-Lund, 1909
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1932; VANDEL 1952f (figs.); KENSLEY 1971;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; ERHARD 1997 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Angola; western South Africa.
T i t a n e t h e s Schioedte, 1849
REMARKS. – A separatum of SCHIÖDTE 1851 was published in 1849.
Titanethes absoloni Verhoeff, 1901 = T. albus
Titanethes albus (C. Koch, 1841)
SYN. – Pherusa a., T. absoloni, brevicornis, fracticornis, nodifer
BIBL. – KOCH, C. 1841; SCHIÖDTE 1851 (figs.); JOSEPH 1882; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909a;
VERHOEFF 1900, 1901e, 1917d, 1926b, 1929c, 1929d; WENIG 1903; JACKSON 1928a;
ARCANGELI 1938g; BRIAN 1938b; STROUHAL 1938a, 1939d (figs.), 1940d; LATTIN 1939b;
FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; LEGRAND 1946; VANDEL 1947c; MATTHES 1956; BUTUROVIĆ
1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; FLASAROVÁ 1967 (figs.); PAOLETTI 1978b;
POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; STORCH et alii 1987
257
(figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1989f (figs.); STORCH & ŠTRUS 1989 (figs.); BREČKO et alii 1991; CROUAU
1994; ERHARD 1996 (figs.), 1997 (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – NE-Italy; Slovenia.
Titanethes alpicola Heller, 1858 = Mesoniscus a.
Titanethes biseriatus Verhoeff, 1900
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900: STROUHAL 1939a (figs.), 1939d, 1939e, 1940d; FRANKENBERGER &
STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1947c; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b;
TABACARU 1996a.
Titanethes brevicornis Joseph, 1882 = T. albus
Titanethes dahli Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926b (figs.), 1929c, 1929d; DUDICH 1929; BOLDORI 1936; ARCANGELI 1938g;
BRIAN 1938b (figs.); STROUHAL 1938a, 1939d, 1940d; FRANKENBERGER 1939b; LATTIN 1939b;
FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; VANDEL 1947c; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; ARGANO et alii 1995; TABACARU
1996a; ERHARD 1997.
DISTR. – NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia: Istria.
Titanethes feneriensis Parona, 1880 = Alpioniscus f.
Titanethes fracticornis Joseph, 1882 = T. albus
Titanethes fragilis Budde-Lund, 1909 = Alpioniscus f.
Titanethes gachassini Giard, 1899 = Trichoniscus g.
Titanethes graniger (Frivaldsky, 1865) = Mesoniscus g.
Titanethes herzegowinensis Verhoeff, 1900 = Cyphonethes h.
Titanethes nodifer Verhoeff, 1901 = T. albus
Titanosphaera myrmicidarum Verhoeff, 1933 = Paraschizidium coeculum
T o g a r m a d i l l o Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983

Togarmadillo monocellatus Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
Togarmadillo nigropunctatus (Hilgendorf, 1893)
SYN. – Periscyphis n., Synarmadillo n.
BIBL. – HILGENDORF 1893; BUDDE-LUND 1908; ARCANGELI 1927c; FERRARA & SCHMALFUSS 1976;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983 (figs.).
DISTR. – Togo.
T o g o s c i a Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978

Togoscia buettneri (Hilgendorf, 1893)
BIBL. – HILGENDORF 1893; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA &
SCHMALFUSS 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Togo.
T o n g a d i l l o Dalens, 1988
Tongadillo punctatus Dalens, 1988
T o n g o s c i a Dalens, 1988
Tongoscia vandeli Dalens, 1988
T o r a d j i a Dollfus, 1898
Toradjia celebensis Dollfus, 1898
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1898c; ARCANGELI 1954b; FERRARA et alii 1995 (figs.).
Toradjia cephalica Dollfus, 1898
DISTR. – Java: Cibodas.
258
Toradjia conglobator Budde-Lund, 1902 = Adinda c.

Toradjia dollfusi Richardson, 1922 = Adinda d.
Toradjia gorgona Dollfus, 1898
DISTR. – Java: Cibodas.
Toradjia hirsuta Ferrara, Meli & Taiti, 1995
DISTR. – Borneo: Sarawak, Serian District.
Toradjia indosinensis Arcangeli, 1948 = Paratoradjia i.
Toradjia weberi Budde-Lund, 1902 = Adinda w.
T r a c h e l i p u s Budde-Lund, 1908
Trachelipus absoloni Strouhal, 1939 = T. squamuliger
Trachelipus aegaeus (Verhoeff, 1907)
SYN. – Porcellio a., T. sabulifer, Tracheoniscus a., sabulifer
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1943b; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937g; ?ARCANGELI 1952a; SCHMALFUSS
1975b, 1979b, 1981a; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.!).
DISTR. – Greece: region of Athens and Aegean islands. A record from Albania (ARCANGELI
1952a) seems to be a misidentification.
Trachelipus aetnensis (Verhoeff, 1908)
SYN. – Porcellio a., Tracheoniscus a.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908f, 1933b; CARUSO & BRISOLESE 1974 (figs.)(sub T. planarius); CARUSO et
alii 1987 (sub T. planarius).
DISTR. – Sicily.
Trachelipus affinis (C. Koch, 1841) = T. rathkii
Trachelipus albanicus (Verhoeff, 1907) = Porcellio a.
Trachelipus anatolicus (Frankenberger, 1950)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus a.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1950 (figs.).
DISTR. – Southern Turkey: eastern Taurus Mountains.
Trachelipus andrei (Arcangeli, 1938)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus a.
DISTR. – Western Turkey: Izmir.
Trachelipus apenninorum Verhoeff, 1931 = T. arcuatus
Trachelipus apulicus Verhoeff, 1939 = T. camerani
Trachelipus arcuatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Porcellio a., cognatus, pseudoratzeburgi, saltuum, Tracheoniscus apenninorum, a.,
pseudoratzeburgi
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; VERHOEFF 1907a, 1931b, 1933b, 1936c, 1939f, 1951a; CARL 1908a;
ARCANGELI 1914b, 1922a, 1922b, 1929c, 1931c, 1932m, 1932o, 1952a, 1952h, 1960c;
STROUHAL 1929a, 1939e, 1948c, 1951; RADU, V. G. 1939, 1950a (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER
1953c, 1965b, 1974b; FRANKENBERGER 1959; KARAMAN 1966a, 1966b; VANDEL 1969c; RADU
& TOMESCU 1970; POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980; MANICASTRI et alii 1986; ROGNES
1986; CARUSO et alii 1987; KOFLER 1989; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; TOMESCU 1992; ARGANO et
alii 1995; DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.!) ; JEPPESEN 2000;
TOMESCU et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Switzerland; Italy including Sicily; Austria; Slovakia; Slovenia; Croatia;
Serbia; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Macedonia; Albania; NW-Greece; Romania.
REMARKS. – T. palustris from Greece may be conspecific with T. arcuatus.
Trachelipus ater (Budde-Lund, 1896)
SYN. – Megepimerio vareae, Porcellio a., vareae, T. vareae
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1896; VERHOEFF 1907b; RADU, V. G. 1949 (figs.), 1950a, 1958; RADU &
TOMESCU 1970; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.!!); JEPPESEN 2000; TOMESCU et alii 2002a, 2002b.
DISTR. – Romania.
Trachelipus azerbaidzhanus Schmalfuss, 1986
DISTR. – NW-Iran: eastern Azerbaijan.
Trachelipus balticus (Verhoeff, 1907) = T. nodulosus
Trachelipus bistriatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Porcellio b.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a; DOLLFUS 1895c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b;
JEPPESEN 2000.
REMARKS. – May be conspecific with T. squamuliger (see SCHMIDT 1997: 213ff.).
Trachelipus bosporanus Verhoeff, 1941 = T. squamuliger
Trachelipus bosporanus pedesignatus (Verhoeff, 1949) = T. pedesignatus
259
Trachelipus brentanus Verhoeff, 1927 = T. razzautii

Trachelipus buddelundi (Strouhal, 1937)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus b.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1937g.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Khíos.
Trachelipus bujori Radu, 1950 = T. ratzeburgi
Trachelipus bulgaricus (Verhoeff, 1926) = T. squamuliger
Trachelipus camerani (Tua, 1900)
SYN. – Porcellio c., phaeacorum, rathkii phaeacorum, ratzeburgi illyricus, T. apulicus,
illyricus, phaeacorum, Tracheoniscus apulicus, c.
BIBL. – TUA 1900; VERHOEFF 1901c, 1901f, 1907b, 1938d, 1939b, 1939e; STROUHAL 1929a,
1936a, 1936b, 1937a, 1954b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1932o (figs.), 1936b, 1952a, 1952h;
FRANKENBERGER 1941a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966a, 1966b; STROUHAL 1966a (figs.);
SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1985a, 1999; POTOČNIK 1984; ŠTRUS et alii 1995 (figs.); SFENTHOURAKIS
1992b; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.!).
DISTR. – Southern Italy; former Yugoslavia; NW-Greece.
Trachelipus caucasius (Verhoeff, 1918)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus c.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a, 1933c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Western Georgia (Caucasus): Gagra.
Trachelipus cavaticus Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – Greece; western Crete.
Trachelipus cibdelus (Budde-Lund, 1896) = nomen dubium (see SCHMIDT 1997: 240)
Trachelipus croaticus Karaman, 1966
DISTR. – Croatia: “Gorski Kotar”.
Trachelipus curti Vandel, 1980 = Porcellio c.
Trachelipus difficilis (Radu, 1950)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus d., waechtleri, T. waechtleri
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1950a (figs.); STROUHAL 1951; FLASAROVÁ 1958, 1994; FRANKENBERGER
1959; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; RADU & TOMESCU 1970; JĘDRYCZKOWSKI 1981, 1987, 1994;
ALLSPACH & SZLAVECZ 1990; TOMESCU et alii 1992; ACCOLA et alii 1993, ?ALLSPACH 1996;
FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.)!; TOMESCU et alii 1995, 2000, 2001, 2002a,
2002b; DOLNICHI-OLARIU & TOMESCU 1997.
DISTR. – Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; western Romania.
Trachelipus dimorphus Frankenberger, 1941
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1952a; KARAMAN 1966b.
Trachelipus ebneri Strouhal, 1929 = nomen dubium (see SCHMIDT 1997: 240)
Trachelipus ensiculorum Verhoeff, 1949
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1949a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1980 (figs.).
DISTR. – NE-Turkey; Armenia: Jerevan; NW-Iran: region of Ardabil.
Trachelipus fossarum Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967 = T. pedesignatus
Trachelipus gagriensis (Verhoeff, 1918)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus g.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.), 1933c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Trachelipus graecus Strouhal, 1938 = T. palustris
Trachelipus illyricus (Verhoeff, 1901) = T. camerani
Trachelipus illyricus lasiorum Verhoeff, 1938 = T. ratzeburgii
Trachelipus kanellisi (Strouhal, 1937) = T. squamuliger
Trachelipus kervillei (Arcangeli, 1938)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus k.
Trachelipus kigatensis Verhoeff, 1943 = T. razzautii
Trachelipus kosswigii (Verhoeff, 1943)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus k.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ?VANDEL 1980; SCHMIDT 1997.
DISTR. – Eastern Turkey: Hazar Gölü SE Elaziğ. The records of Vandel (1980) from
northeastern Turkey have to be confirmed.
Trachelipus kytherensis (Strouhal, 1929)
SYN. – T. graecus, k., palustris, Tracheoniscus graecus, k., palustris
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1929c (figs.), 1936a (figs.), 1937a, 1937g, 1938b (figs.), 1954b (figs.),
1966a; VERHOEFF 1943b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1975b, 1979b, 1999;
SFENTHOURAKIS 1992b; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.!); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – Western and southern Greece from Epirus to Crete.
260
REMARKS. – Comparisons of specimens from the island of Kíthira (type locality of T.

kytherensis) with palustris-samples from other Greek localities showed no differences
indicating a separation on the species level. So the species must be called, for priority
reasons, T. kytherensis.
Trachelipus laoshanensis Boping, Hong & Tian, 1994
BIBL. – BOPING et alii 1994.
Trachelipus larii Verhoeff, 1927 = T razzautii
Trachelipus lignaui (Verhoeff, 1918)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus l.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1918a (figs.), 1933c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMIDT 1997 (p. 243).
Trachelipus longipennis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; SCHMIDT 1997 (p. 244); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Rossia meridionalis”.
Trachelipus lutshnikii (Verhoeff, 1933)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus l.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMIDT 1997 (p.244).
DISTR. – Southern Russia: Sotshi (coast of Black Sea).
Trachelipus magyaricus (Verhoeff, 1907) = nomen dubium (see SCHMIDT 1997: 240)
Trachelipus marsupiorum (Verhoeff, 1943) = nomen dubium (see SCHMIDT 1997: 240)
Trachelipus mostarensis (Verhoeff, 1901)
SYN. – Porcellio m., rathkei var. m., Tracheoniscus m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1907b, 1931b; STROUHAL 1939e (figs.); VANDEL 1946a; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; KARAMAN 1966a (figs.), 1966b.
DISTR. – Southern Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Montenegro.
Trachelipus myrmicidarum (Verhoeff, 1936)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL 1967a; SCHMIDT 1997 (p. 241); ANDREEV &
BOZAROVA 2000; ANDREEV 2002.
DISTR. – SW-Bulgaria.
Trachelipus nodulosus (C. Koch, 1838)
SYN. – Porcellio aemulus, balticus, n., Porcellium n., T. balticus, Tracheoniscus balticus, n.
Orig. descr.: KOCH, C. 1838.
Descr., figs., syst.: VERHOEFF 1917f, 1920a; VANDEL 1943; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMIDT 1997.
Morph.: RADU & TOMESCU 1970, 1971.
Anat.: TOMESCU 1974a.
Physiol.: MÖDLINGER 1931; TOMESCU & RADU 1971; HORNUNG 1981a.
Reprod.: RADU & TOMESCU 1971; HORNUNG 1991; TOMESCU et alii 1992.
Ontog.: RADU & TOMESCU 1971.
Pop. dyn.: TOMESCU et alii 1979; HORNUNG 1984, 1989, 1991.
Nutr.: RADU et alii 1971; TOMESCU 1972a; HORNUNG 1981b.
Ecol.: BEYER 1964; HORNUNG 1981b, 1984; KOBEL-LAMPARSKI 1989; TAJOVSKY 1998; FARKAS et
alii 1999; TOMESCU et alii 1995, 2000; KONTSCHÁN 2001a.
Distr.: FLASAROVÁ 1958, 1986a, 1988, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1999 (former CS); RADU, V. G. 1958
(RO); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); VANDEL 1965c, 1967a (BG); GRUNER 1966a (D);
KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); POTOČNIK
1979, 1981 (Slovenia); TOMESCU et alii 1979, 2000 (RO); KOBEL-VOSS 1983 (D);
SCHAWALLER & SCHMALFUSS 1983 (D); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map); HAFERKORN 1998
(D); TAJOVSKY 1998 (Czechia); FARKAS et alii 1999 (H) ; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004 (H).
Bibl.: GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Southern and eastern Germany; southern Poland; Czechia; Slovakia; Austria;
Slovenia; Croatia; Serbia; Hungary; Romania; Bulgaria.
Trachelipus ottomanicus Vandel, 1980
DISTR. – Eastern Turkey: Munzur Mountains.
REMARKS. – Probably identical with T. kosswigii.
Trachelipus palustris Strouhal, 1936 = T. kytherensis
Trachelipus pedesignatus (Verhoeff, 1949)
SYN. – T. fossarum, p., Tracheoniscus bosporanus p.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1949a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.); SCHMIDT
1997 (p. 243).
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: southern coast of Sea of Marmara.
Trachelipus phaeacorum (Verhoeff, 1901) = T. camerani
Trachelipus pieperi Schmalfuss, 1986
Trachelipus pierantonii Arcangeli, 1932
261
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932a (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.

DISTR. – Northern Italy: region of Trento.
Trachelipus planarius (Budde-Lund, 1885) = Porcellio p. (compare SCHMIDT 1997: 183)
Trachelipus pleonglandulatus Radu, 1950 = T. rathkii
Trachelipus porisabditus Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967
BIBL. – VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967.
Trachelipus pseudoratzeburgi Verhoeff, 1907 = T. arcuatus
Trachelipus racovitzai (Radu, 1950) = T. trilobatus
Trachelipus radui Tomescu & Olariu, 2000
BIBL. – TOMESCU & OLARIU 2000 (figs.); TOMESCU et alii 2002a.
DISTR. – Northern Romania.
Trachelipus rathkii (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Porcellio affinis, confluens, ferrugineus, ochraceus, parietinus, r., striatus, taeniatus,
tetramoerus, trilineatus, trivittatus, varius, T. steineri, Tracheoniscus pleonglandulatus, r.
Orig. descr.: BRANDT 1833 (Porcellio r.).
Descr., figs., syst.: SARS 1898; RADU, V. G. 1950a; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; SCHMIDT
1997.
Fossil: BAAS 1982.
Morph.: VERHOEFF 1917f; SILÉN 1954b; MCWHINNIE & SWEENEY 1955; RADU & TOMESCU 1970;
HOESE 1982a; SCHMIDT 1997; SCHMIDT & WÄGELE 2001.
Mol. biol.: DREYER & WÄGELE 2002.
Cuticle, molt: ZIEGLER & MILLER 1997.
Physiol.: WHITE 1968; SNIDER 1979.
Sex det.: LATTIN 1950, 1951.
Reprod.: JUDD 1963; GRUNER 1966a; SNIDER & SHADDY 1980; GLAZIER et alii 2003.
Pop. dyn.: ZIMMER & BRAUCKMANN 1997; FARKAS 1998.
Ontog.: VERHOEFF 1917f.
Behav.: LINDQUIST 1971.
Nutr.: REYES & TIEDJE 1973, 1976a, 1976b; KUKOR & MARTIN 1986.
Ecol.: FRITSCHE 1936; HEROLD 1937a; JUDD 1963; VANDEL 1962b; BEYER 1964; GRUNER 1966a;
MCQUEEN 1976b; TOMESCU et alii 1979; ROGNES 1986; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; ERHARD
1992; RIPPLINGER & ALBERTI 1993; ZIMMER et alii 2000; KONTSCHÁN 2001a; TUF 2003.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); CARL 1908a (CH); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); ?DEMIANOWICZ 1934
(Moldavia); MEINERTZ 1938 (Iceland, map), 1964 (DK, map); PALMÉN 1946a (SF, map);
HATCH 1947 (N-America); HATCHETT 1947 (USA); ARCANGELI 1950c (I); RADU, V. G. 1950a
(RO); HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); POLK 1957, 1959a (B, map); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS);
VANDEL 1962b (F); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966b (former YU); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL,
map); ANDREEV ?1972, ?2002 (BG); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); TOMESCU et alii 1979 (RO);
HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); TOMESCU 1992 (RO); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998
(H, map); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map) ; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004 (H).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Europe except Mediterranean regions.
Trachelipus rathkii toriger (Verhoeff, 1907) = nomen dubium (see SCHMIDT 1997: 241)
Trachelipus ratzeburgii (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Porcellio intermedius Lereboullet, nemorensis, quercuum, r., sarajevensis, sylvestris,
T. sarajevensis, Tracheoniscus bujori, illyricus lasiorum, r., sarajevensis
Orig. descr.: BRANDT 1833 (Porcellio r.).
Descr., figs., syst.: SARS 1898; VERHOEFF 1938c; RADU, V. G. 1950a; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER
1966a; SCHMIDT 1997.
Morph.: VANDEL 1925b; HOESE 1981, 1982a; SCHMIDT 1997.
Reprod.: BEYER 1958.
Ecol.: STROUHAL 1948c; BEYER 1958, 1964; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a; KOBEL-VOSS 1983;
ROGNES 1986; JUDAS & HAUSER 1998; FARKAS et alii 1999; TOMESCU et alii 2002a.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); CARL 1908a (CH); RADU, V. G. 1950a (RO); BRIAN 1956c (I); FLASAROVÁ
1958, 1986a, 1988, 1991, 1994, 1998, 1999 (former CS); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former
CS); VANDEL 1962b (F); GRUNER 1966a (D); KARAMAN 1966a, 1966b (former YU);
DOMINIAK 1970b (PL, map); RADU & TOMESCU 1970 (RO); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); POTOČNIK
1979, 1981 (Slovenia); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map); KOFLER 1989 (A);
ALLSPACH 1992 (D); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998 (H, map) ; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004 (H).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; GRUNER 1966a.
DISTR. – Central and eastern Europe.
Trachelipus razzautii (Arcangeli, 1913)
SYN. – Porcellio r., Tracheoniscus brentanus, kigatensis, larii, simrothi
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1913, 1932o (figs.), 1950c; VERHOEFF 1927a, 1931a, 1931b, 1932b, 1933b,
1934a, 1936b, 1938c, 1943b, 1949a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; POTOČNIK 1979; POTOČNIK & NOVAK
1980; ARGANO et alii 1995; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.!); SCHMALFUSS 1999.
262
DISTR. – Northern Italy; Slovenia; Greece: Aegean island Mitilíni (= Lésvos); European part
of Turkey.
Trachelipus rhinoceros (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Nasigerio r., Porcellio r.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1917a, 1938d; ARCANGELI 1926a (figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Coastal regions of Croatia.
REMARKS. – SCHMIDT (1997: 207) suspects T. spinulatus from Romania to be a synonym of
this species.
“Trachelipus” richardsonae Mulaik, 1960
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); SCHMIDT 1997.
REMARKS. – According to the illustrations not a species of Trachelipus.
Trachelipus rucneri Karaman, 1966
DISTR. – Croatia.
Trachelipus sabulifer (Verhoeff, 1907) = T. aegaeus
Trachelipus sarajevensis (Verhoeff, 1907) = T. ratzeburgii
Trachelipus sarculatus (Budde-Lund, 1896)
SYN. – Porcellio s., Tracheoniscus s.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1896; VERHOEFF 1907b, 1918a, 1933c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMIDT 1997;
JEPPESEN 2000.
Trachelipus schwangarti (Verhoeff, 1928)
SYN. – T. illyricus s., Tracheoniscus s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1928d, 1932b, 1936b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
“Trachelipus” semiprojectus Gui & Tang, 1996
BIBL. – GUI & TANG 1996 (figs.).
DISTR. – China: Jiangsu Province.
REMARKS. – Certainly not a species of Trachelipus, but rather a member of the family
Agnaridae. The inappropriate description does not allow an ascription to a genus.
Trachelipus silsilesii Vandel, 1980 = Cylisticus s.
Trachelipus similis Vandel, 1980
“Trachelipus” simplex Vandel, 1980
REMARKS. – Certainly not a species of Trachelipus but rather a member of the family
Porcellionidae.
Trachelipus simrothi Verhoeff, 1936 = T. razzautii
Trachelipus spinulatus (Radu, 1959)
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1959a (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
REMARKS. – SCHMIDT (1997: 207) suspects a synonymy with T. rhinoceros.
Trachelipus squamuliger (Verhoeff, 1907)
SYN. – Porcellio s., T. absoloni, bosporanus, bulgaricus, kanellisi, wettsteini, Tracheoniscus
absoloni, bosporanus, bulgaricus, kanellisi, wettsteini.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1907b, 1926b, 1936a, 1941a, 1943b, 1949a; STROUHAL 1929a, 1937g (figs.),
1939h (figs.); ARCANGELI 1932m, 1952a; FRANKENBERGER 1941b; VANDEL 1946a, 1965c,
1967a, 1980; LATTIN 1950, 1951; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; SCHMALFUSS 1975b,
1979b, 1981a, 1998a, 1999; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.!); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000; ANDREEV
2002.
DISTR. – Macedonia; eastern continental Greece and Aegean island Mitilíni (= Lésvos);
southern Bulgaria; NW-Turkey.
Trachelipus svenhedini (Verhoeff, 1941)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1941a, 1943b (figs.), 1949a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMIDT 1997 (p. 243).
DISTR. – NW-Turkey.
Trachelipus taborskyi (Frankenberger, 1950)
SYN. – Tracheoniscus t.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1950 (figs.).
DISTR. – Western Turkey: Emirdağ 200 km SW of Ankara.
Trachelipus toriger (Verhoeff, 1907) = nomen dubium (see SCHMIDT 1997: 241)
Trachelipus trachealis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Porcellio t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885; SCHMIDT 1997 (p. 239); JEPPESEN 2000. All other references are
doubtful. Reexamination and comparison with types necessary.
263
DISTR. – “Moldavia”.
Trachelipus triaculeatus Vandel, 1980 = Porcellio evansi
Trachelipus trilobatus (Stein, 1859)
SYN. – Porcellio racovitzai, t., Tracheoniscus t.
BIBL. – STEIN 1859; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1896a; VERHOEFF 1907b; RADU, V. G. 1950a (figs.),
1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; RADU & TOMESCU 1970; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.); TABACARU &
GIURGINCA 2003b (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Trachelipus troglobius Tabacaru & Boghean, 1989
BIBL. – TABACARU & BOGHEAN 1989 (figs.); SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania: “Mangalia”.
Trachelipus vareae (Radu, 1949) = T. ater
Trachelipus vespertilio (Budde-Lund, 1896)
SYN. – Porcellio v.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1896; SCHMIDT 1997 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – “Dalmatia”.
Trachelipus waechtleri Strouhal, 1951 = T. difficilis
Trachelipus wettsteini Strouhal, 1937 = T. squamuliger
Genus Tracheoniscus = Genus Trachelipus
Genus Triadillo = Genus Nesodillo (see TAITI et alii 1998)
T r i c e r a t o s p h o e r a Caruso & Lombardo, 1978

Triceratosphoera sabulicola Caruso & Lombardo, 1978
BIBL. – CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1978, 1983; SCHMIDT 2002, 2003 (figs.!!).
DISTR. – Northern Algeria: Bou Saada.
T r i c h o d i l l i d i u m Schmalfuss, 1989
Trichodillidium malickyi Schmalfuss, 1989
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS 1989d (figs., map); SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Ándros.
Trichodillidium mylonasi Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004
DISTR. – Greece: western Crete.
Trichodillidium pubescens (Strouhal, 1956)
SYN. – Armadillidium p.
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1956 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1985a, 1989d (figs., map).
DISTR. – NW-Greece including islands Kérkira and Paxí.
T r i c h o n e t h e s Strouhal, 1953
Trichonethes cavicola Strouhal, 1953 = T. kosswigi
Trichonethes kosswigi Strouhal, 1953
SYN. – Antennulonethes nitidus, T. cavicola
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1953e (figs.); VERHOEFF & STROUHAL 1967 (figs.); ARGANO & MANICASTRI
1988 (figs.); ERHARD 1997.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean island Ródos; SW-Turkey.
T r i c h o n i s c o i d e s Sars, 1898
Trichoniscoides albidus (Budde-Lund, 1880)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1880, 1885; PATIENCE 1908b; VERHOEFF 1917d; VANDEL 1925a, 1948f,
1952a, 1960a (p. 244, figs.); MEINERTZ 1932, 1936, 1950a, 1951; PALMÉN 1946a, 1947;
LEGRAND 1949; EDNEY 1953a; HOLTHUIS 1956; POLK 1959a; HEYLIGERS 1965; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; GRUNER 1966a (figs.); DALENS 1967; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; JEPPESEN 2000;
WOUTERS et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Ireland; Great Britain; western France; Belgium; the Netherlands; Denmark;
southern Sweden.
REMARKS. – T. albidus described and figured by SARS 1898 refers to T. sarsi.
Trichoniscoides albidus var. topiaria Graeve, 1913 = T. helveticus
Trichoniscoides albigensis Dalens, 1966
BIBL. – DALENS 1966d (figs.), 1967.
264
DISTR. – Southern France: Tarn.

Trichoniscoides ancaresi Schmölzer, 1955
Trichoniscoides arcangelii Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952a, 1960a (figs.), 1963b (figs.), 1972a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CRUZ
1991a.
DISTR. – Eastern Pyrenees (NE-Spain, SW-France).
Trichoniscoides asturiensis Dalens, 1972
DISTR. – NW-Spain: province Asturias.
Trichoniscoides bonneti Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946d, 1948f, 1952a, 1960a (p. 2721, figs.); VANDEL et alii 1946; SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
Trichoniscoides breuilli Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; CIFUENTES 1984; VIVAR et alii 1984.
Trichoniscoides broteroi Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1948f, 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Portugal: Coimbra.
Trichoniscoides cadurcensis Vandel, 1934
BIBL. – VANDEL 1934a, 1946b, 1948f, 1952a, 1960a (p. 265, figs.); LEGRAND 1946; SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
Trichoniscoides calcaris Cruz & Dalens, 1989
BIBL. – CRUZ & DALENS 1989 (figs.); CRUZ 1991a.
Trichoniscoides cassagnaui Dalens, 1972
DISTR. – NW-Spain: province Asturias.
Trichoniscoides catalonensis Schmölzer, 1965
Trichoniscoides cavernicola (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Sestoniscus c., Trichoniscus albidus gallicus, c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1909a (figs.); CARL 1908a; DOLLFUS 1892b; ARCANGELI 1935e
(figs.); VANDEL 1948f (map), 1952a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971; VIVAR et alii
1984; CRUZ 1991a; JEPPESEN 2000.
Trichoniscoides chapmani Dalens, 1980
BIBL. – DALENS 1980 (figs.); CRUZ 1991a.
Trichoniscoides consoranensis Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952a, 1957h, 1960a (p. 267, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Trichoniscoides danubianus Radu, 1973
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1973a (figs.).
DISTR. – SW-Romania.
Trichoniscoides davidi Racovitza, 1908
SYN. – T. modestus d.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1952a, 1960a (p. 257, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; CRUZ
1991a.
Trichoniscoides drescoi Vandel, 1954
Trichoniscoides dubius Arcangeli, 1935
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935e (figs.); VANDEL 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1971.
Trichoniscoides fouresi Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952a, 1960a (p. 259, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – SW-France: Ariège.
Trichoniscoides gracilis Herold, 1944 (in HUSSON 1944) = T. modestus
Trichoniscoides helveticus (Carl, 1908)
SYN. – Trichoniscus albidus var. h.
BIBL. – CARL 1908a; HUSSON 1944; BONNEFOY 1945; VANDEL 1946b, 1946c, 1948f, 1952a,
1960a (p. 283, figs., map); LEGRAND 1950; HOLTHUIS 1956; POLK 1959a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
265
GRUNER 1966a (figs.); FLASAROVÁ 1986b (figs.), 1991, 1995; ALLSPACH 1992; WOUTERS et
alii 2000.
DISTR. – Belgium; the Netherlands; western France; Switzerland; Germany; Czechia.
Trichoniscoides heroldi Vandel, 1952
DISTR. – Eastern France.
Trichoniscoides irregularis Schmölzer, 1955
Trichoniscoides jeanneli Vandel, 1952
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952a, 1960a (p. 254, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Pyrenees in southern France and northern Spain.
Trichoniscoides lagari Vandel, 1972
Trichoniscoides leydigii (Weber, 1880) = Metatrichoniscoides l.
Trichoniscoides lusitanus Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1947c, 1948f, 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – NW-Spain; northern Portugal.
Trichoniscoides machadoi Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1947c, 1948f, 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
Trichoniscoides meridionalis Legrand, 1942 = T. sarsi
Trichoniscoides mixtus Racovitza, 1908
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1948f, 1952a, 1960a (p. 273, figs.); BONNEFOY
1945; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – France: central eastern part and ?Provence.
Trichoniscoides mladeni Karaman & Čemerlić, 2002
BIBL. – KARAMAN & ČEMERLIĆ 2002 (figs.).
DISTR. – Serbia.
Trichoniscoides modestus Racovitza, 1908
SYN. – T. gracilis, Trichoniscus m.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1933, 1940b, 1941b, 1946b, 1946d, 1947b, 1947c,
1948b, 1948f, 1950h, 1952a, 1960a (figs.); BONNEFOY 1945; SCHMÖLZER 1955a, 1965b,
1971; DALENS 1967.
DISTR. – SW-France; records from NW-Spain (SCHMÖLZER 1955a) need confirmation.
Trichoniscoides modestus davidi Racovitza, 1908 = T. davidi
Trichoniscoides modestus mixtus Racovitza, 1908 = T. mixtus
Trichoniscoides ouremensis Vandel, 1946
SYN. – T. pseudomixtus o.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Portugal: Fatima.
Trichoniscoides picturarum Vandel, 1952
Trichoniscoides pitarquensis Cruz, 1993
DISTR. – Eastern Spain: province Teruel.
Trichoniscoides pseudomixtus Arcangeli, 1935
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1935e (figs.); VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1948f, 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1971; CIFUENTES 1984.
DISTR. – NE-Spain: district Navarra.
Trichoniscoides pseudomixtus ouremensis Vandel, 1946 = T. ouremensis
Trichoniscoides pulchellus Legrand, 1950
BIBL. – LEGRAND 1950 (figs.); VANDEL 1952a, 1960a (p. 280, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Eastern France: Alps and Jurassic; western Switzerland.
Trichoniscoides pyrenaeus Racovitza, 1907 = Oritoniscus p.
Trichoniscoides remyi Bonnefoy, 1945
BIBL. – BONNEFOY 1945; VANDEL 1946b, 1948f, 1952a, 1960a (p. 279, figs.); SCHMÖLZER
1965b.
DISTR. – SE-France: dep. Isère N of Grenoble.
Trichoniscoides saeroeensis Lohmander, 1924
BIBL. – LOHMANDER 1924; MEINERTZ 1932, 1936, 1950a, 1951, 1964; VANDEL 1946b, 1948f,
1952a, 1960a (p. 252, figs.); LEGRAND 1949 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; HARDING & SUTTON
1985; ERHARD 1997.
DISTR. – British Isles; northern France; Denmark; southern Sweden.
Trichoniscoides sarsi Patience, 1908
SYN. – T. meridionalis, Trichoniscus s.
266
BIBL. – SARS 1898 (as Trichoniscus albidus non Budde-Lund, figs.); PATIENCE 1908b; VANDEL
1925a, 1946b, 1947c, 1948f, 1952a, 1960a (p. 262, figs.); MEINERTZ 1932, 1936, 1950a,
1951; LEGRAND 1942f (figs.); PALMÉN 1947, 1951a (figs.); EDNEY 1953a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
DALENS 1967; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; ALLSPACH 1989, 1992.
DISTR. – Ireland; southern England; northern France; western Germany; Denmark; southern
Norway; southern Sweden; Finland (only greenhouses); introduced to North America
(Newfoundland).
Trichoniscoides scabrous Collinge, 1917
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1917c; VANDEL 1952a (p. 248).
DISTR. – England: Lancashire (greenhouse).
Trichoniscoides scoparum Verhoeff, 1908 = Oritoniscus flavus
Trichoniscoides serrai Cruz, 1993
DISTR. – Portugal: “Miranda de Douro”.
Trichoniscoides subterraneus Vandel, 1946
SYN. – T. machadoi s.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946b (figs.), 1952a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Central Portugal: district Leiria.
Trichoniscoides tuberculatus Racovitza, 1907 = Phymatoniscus t.
Trichoniscoides vandeli Dalens, 1966
BIBL. – DALENS 1966c (figs.), 1967.
DISTR. – Southern France: Tarn.
T r i c h o n i s c u s Brandt, 1833
Trichoniscus absoloni Strouhal, 1939 = T. simplicifrons
Trichoniscus aenariensis Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g (figs.), 1944, 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Trichoniscus albidus Budde-Lund, 1880 = Trichoniscoides a.
Trichoniscus albidus var. helveticus Carl, 1908 = Trichoniscoides helveticus
Trichoniscus alemannicus Verhoeff, 1917
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917e, 1931a, 1931b, 1933b, 1936b, 1938c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b;
STROUHAL 1951; VANDEL 1960a (p. 322, figs.); GRUNER 1966a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA
1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – SW-Germany; Switzerland; western Austria; SE-France; NW-Italy.
Trichoniscus alexandrae Caruso, 1978
BIBL. – CARUSO 1978 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; CARUSO et alii 1987.
DISTR. – Sicily.
Trichoniscus alticola Legrand, Strouhal & Vandel, 1950
SYN. – T. pusillus a.
BIBL. – LEGRAND et alii 1950; VANDEL 1960a (p. 320, figs.).
Trichoniscus alzonae Brian, 1921 = Alpioniscus fragilis
Trichoniscus anophthalmus Vandel, 1965
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965c (figs.), 1967a; ANDREEV 1972, 2000, 2002.
Trichoniscus anophthalmus intermedius Vandel, 1967 = T. tranteevi
Trichoniscus antennatus Budde-Lund, 1902 = Olibrinus a.
Trichoniscus apenninicus Taiti & Ferrara, 1995
Trichoniscus aphonicus Borutzky, 1977
Trichoniscus arenicola (Smith, 1874) = Scyphacella a.
Trichoniscus asper Menge, 1854
BIBL. – MENGE in KOCH & BEHRENDT 1854; AMMON 1882; BUDDE-LUND 1885.
DISTR. – Fossil in Baltic amber.
Trichoniscus australis Dollfus, 1890 = Styloniscus a.
Trichoniscus austriacus Verhoeff, 1908 = Tachysoniscus a.
Trichoniscus austroafricanus Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus a.
Trichoniscus baschierii Brian, 1953
SYN. – T. pusillus b.
BIBL. – BRIAN 1953b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b; TAITI & FERRARA
1980b, 1989c, 1995b (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: Monte Argentario (southern Tuscany).
267
Trichoniscus bassoti Vandel, 1960

BIBL. – VANDEL 1960b (figs.); DALENS 1984a.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Trichoniscus batavus Weber, 1880 = nomen dubium
Trichoniscus beroni Andreev, 1985
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1985b (figs.), 2000; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – SE-Bulgaria.
Trichoniscus beschkovi Andreev, 1986
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1986b (figs.); ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – NE-Greece: Petrálona SE Thesaloníki.
Trichoniscus biformatus Racovitza, 1908
SYN. – Spiloniscus b.
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1925b, 1928, 1929, 1947b, 1947c, 1950b, 1952f,
1960a (p. 337, figs.); ?VERHOEFF 1928b; ?BOLDORI 1936, ?BRIAN 1938b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
CRUZ 1991a, 1991b.
DISTR. – SW-France; NE-Spain; ?northern Italy.
REMARKS. – The records of this species from Italy (VERHOEFF 1928b; BOLDORI 1936; BRIAN
1938b) are doubted by VANDEL (1960a: 340) and not included in ARGANO et alii 1995.
Trichoniscus boesii Brian, 1927 = Bergamoniscus b.
Trichoniscus bogovinae Pljakić, 1970
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1970b (figs.), 1977 .
DISTR. – Serbia: “Bogovina”.
Trichoniscus bononiensis Vandel, 1965
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965c (figs.); ANDREEV 1972, 2000, 2002; PLJAKIĆ 1977 (figs.).
DISTR. – Serbia; NW-Bulgaria.
Trichoniscus bosniensis Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – Stylohylea b., T. fagorum
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1930c (figs.); STROUHAL 1939f (figs.); BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; RADU, V. G. 1977c (figs.); TABACARU 1994.
DISTR. – Croatia; Serbia; Bosnia and Hercegovina; SW-Romania.
Trichoniscus bulgaricus Andreev, 1970
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1970 (figs.), 2000; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Central Bulgaria.
Trichoniscus bureschi Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926b (figs.), 1930c, 1936a; GUEORGUIEV & BERON 1962; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
VANDEL 1965c (figs.), 1967a; ANDREEV 1972, 2000, 2002; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Trichoniscus buturovici Pljakić, 1972
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1972a (figs.), 1977.
DISTR. – Eastern Serbia.
Trichoniscus caelebs Verhoeff, 1917 = T. pusillus
Trichoniscus callorii Brian, 1954
BIBL. – BRIAN 1954a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
DISTR. – Central Italy: Monti Lepini.
Trichoniscus capensis Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus c.
Trichoniscus caprae Colosi, 1924 = Alpioniscus c.
Trichoniscus carniolicus Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939f (figs.), 1940d, 1958b, 1968b (figs.); FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL
1940; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979;
POTOČNIK & NOVAK 1980.
DISTR. – SE-Austria; Slovenia.
Trichoniscus caroli Verhoeff, 1917 = T. provisorius
Trichoniscus carpaticus Tabacaru, 1974
BIBL. – TABACARU 1974a (figs.), 1994.
DISTR. – Romania: Carpathian Mountains.
Trichoniscus castanearum Verhoeff, 1952
Trichoniscus cavernicola Budde-Lund, 1885 = Trichoniscoides c.
Trichoniscus cavernicola Vandel, 1958
SYN. – T. lindbergi c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b (figs.), 1964c; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999; ANDREEV
1986b; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Greece: Aegean islands Náxos, Iráklia, Tílos and Crete.
Trichoniscus cestus Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus c.
Trichoniscus chasmatophilus Strouhal, 1936
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1936a (figs.), 1936b, 1937a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – Western Greece: Ionian island Léfkas.
Trichoniscus chavesi Dollfus, 1889 = Miktoniscus c.
268
Trichoniscus circuliger Verhoeff, 1931

BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.), 1936b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – SE-Switzerland; northern Italy.
Trichoniscus coelebs (Verhoeff, 1917) = T. pusillus
Trichoniscus coiffaiti Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955f (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1986d.
DISTR. – Lebanon.
Trichoniscus commensalis Chilton, 1910 = Styloniscus c.
Trichoniscus corcyraeus Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d; STROUHAL 1936a, 1936b (figs.), 1966a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – NW-Greece: Ionian island Kérkira (= Corfu).
Trichoniscus corniculatus Verhoeff, 1926 = Balkanoniscus c.
Trichoniscus crassipes Verhoeff, 1939
SYN. – T. ostarrichius
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939f (figs.); STROUHAL 1947a (figs.), 1947c (figs.), 1948c, 1951, 1953b
(figs.), 1958b, 1968b; VANDEL 1950e (figs.); STROUHAL & FRANKENBERGER 1954;
FRANKENBERGER 1959; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b.
Trichoniscus craterium Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g (figs.), 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Trichoniscus dancaui Tabacaru, 1996
BIBL. – TABACARU 1996b (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania: “Monts de Mehedinti”.
Trichoniscus darwini Vandel, 1938
SYN. – Spiloniscus d.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1938b (figs.), 1947b, 1947c, 1948f, 1950b, 1960a (p. 341, figs.); LEGRAND
1950 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Trichoniscus demivirgo Blake, 1931
BIBL. – BLAKE 1931a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936, 1940; HATCH 1947 (figs.); HATCHETT 1947.
DISTR. – Could be introduced T. pusillus (compare SCHULTZ 1982c).
Trichoniscus dentiger (Verhoeff, 1908) = Androniscus d.
Trichoniscus dispersus Racovitza, 1907 = Alpioniscus feneriensis
Trichoniscus dragani Tabacaru, 1974
BIBL. – TABACARU 1974b (figs.); CRUZ 1991a; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
Trichoniscus elbanus Verhoeff, 1931 = T. pygmaeus
Trichoniscus elisabethae Herold, 1923 = T. pusillus
Trichoniscus epomeanus Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g (figs.), 1952 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Trichoniscus eremitus Carl, 1908 = Oritoniscus e.
Trichoniscus euboensis Vandel, 1964 = T. lindbergi
Trichoniscus fagorum Verhoeff, 1930 = T. bosniensis
Trichoniscus feneriensis (Parona, 1880) = Alpioniscus f.
Trichoniscus flavescens Lucas, 1849 = Leptotrichus panzeri
Trichoniscus flavus Budde-Lund, 1906 = Oritoniscus f.
Trichoniscus foveolatus Vandel, 1950
BIBL. – VANDEL 1950b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
Trichoniscus fragilis Budde-Lund, 1909 = Alpioniscus f.
Trichoniscus fragilis Racovitza, 1908
SYN. – Spiloniscus f., T. ruffoi, zosterae
BIBL. – RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI ?1926a, ?1929c, 1952h (figs.); VERHOEFF 1931b;
VANDEL 1960a (p. 333, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO & RAMPINI 1973; FERRARA & TAITI
1978b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b, 1996; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995;
GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Western and southern France; Balearic Islands; Corsica; Sardinia; northern Algeria;
southern Italy.
REMARKS. – The records of this species from Greece seem to pertain to T. rhodiensis.
Trichoniscus gachassini (Giard, 1899)
SYN. – Titanethes g., T. pusillus g.
BIBL. – GIARD 1899; RACOVITZA 1908 (figs.); VANDEL 1955e.
Trichoniscus garevi Andreev, 2000
BIBL. – ANDREEV 2000 (figs.), 2002; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
269
Trichoniscus georgiensis Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus g.

Trichoniscus germanicus Verhoeff, 1901 = Hyloniscus riparius
Trichoniscus ghidinii Brian, 1931
BIBL. – BRIAN 1931b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Trichoniscus gordoni Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955c (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
Trichoniscus gudauticus Borutzky, 1977
Trichoniscus halophilus Vandel, 1951
BIBL. – VANDEL 1951b, 1955e, 1960a (p. 336, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; MATSAKIS 1973;
CARUSO 1974, 1976; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1976, 1982, 1995; FERRARA & TAITI 1978b;
SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1989c, 1996; CARUSO et alii 1987;
ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern France: Mediterranean islands including Corsica; NE-Morocco; Italy
including Sardinia, Sicily and islands Pantelleria and Lampedusa; Malta; western Greece:
islands Kefaloniá and Zákinthos.
Trichoniscus heracleotis Strouhal, 1971
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: 60 km W Zonguldak.
Trichoniscus heroldii Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.), 1932b; STROUHAL 1958b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii
1995.
DISTR. – Northern Italy: Val Brembana.
Trichoniscus hoctuni Mulaik, 1960
DISTR. – Mexico: province Yucatán.
Trichoniscus horae Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus h.
Trichoniscus horticolus Graeve, 1913 = T. pygmaeus
Trichoniscus hottentoti Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus h.
Trichoniscus humus Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942 = Miktoniscus medcofi
Trichoniscus illyricus Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.); STROUHAL 1947c (figs.), 1948c (figs.), 1951, 1958b (figs.);
BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; KARAMAN 1966b; PAOLETTI 1978a, 1980;
POTOČNIK 1979; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – NE-Italy; southern Austria; Slovenia; NW-Croatia: Istria.
Trichoniscus inferus Verhoeff, 1908
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1908f (figs.), 1926b, 1930c; MEHELY 1927; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TABACARU
1994, 1996b (figs.).
DISTR. – ?Serbia; Romania.
Trichoniscus insularis Dollfus, 1889 = nomen dubium (types lost)
Trichoniscus intermedius Vandel, 1958
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b (figs.), 1964c; SCHMALFUSS 1979b.
DISTR. – Greece: Crete.
REMARKS. – May be conspecific with T. cavernicola Vandel.
Trichoniscus jeanneli Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955c, 1960a (p. 331, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c,
1995b (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – SE-France; Italy: Tuscany.
Trichoniscus karawankianus Verhoeff, 1939
SYN. – T. noricus k.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1939f; VANDEL 1950b (figs.); STROUHAL 1951, 1958b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1974b.
DISTR. – Southern Austria.
Trichoniscus kermadecensis Chilton, 1911 = Styloniscus k.
Trichoniscus korsakovi Vandel, 1947
BIBL. – VANDEL 1947b, 1950b, 1960a (p. 346, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Trichoniscus lazzaronius Verhoeff, 1952
Trichoniscus leydigii Weber, 1880 = Metatrichoniscoides l.
Trichoniscus licodrensis Pljakić, 1977
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1977 (figs.).
DISTR. – Serbia: “Lukića Cave”.
Trichoniscus lindbergi Vandel, 1958
270
SYN. – T. euboensis
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958b (figs.), 1959b, 1964c (figs.), 1968e; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS
1972a, 1975b (figs.), 1979b; ANDREEV 1986b; SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii
2004.
DISTR. – Greece: central mainland and Aegean islands Évia, Tínos and Crete.
Trichoniscus linearis Patience, 1908 = Miktoniscus l.
Trichoniscus litorivagus Verhoeff, 1944
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1944 (figs.), 1952 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: island Capri.
Trichoniscus magellanicus (Dana, 1853) = Styloniscus m.
Trichoniscus mancinii Brian, 1912 = Spelaeonethes m.
Trichoniscus maremmanus Taiti & Ferrara, 1995
Trichoniscus marginalis (Verhoeff, 1901) = Hyloniscus m.
Trichoniscus maritimus Verhoeff, 1930
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1930c (figs.), 1939f; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Croatia: Šibenik.
Trichoniscus matulici Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – T. omblae, remyi, sorrentinus, stygivagus, turgidus
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1908f, 1929c, 1930c, 1933b, 1939e, 1940d, 1942g, 1943a, 1944,
1952; MEHELY 1927; KESSELYÁK 1930b; STROUHAL 1937e, 1939e (figs.), 1940d, 1966a
(figs.); BRIAN 1938b, 1950, 1952b, 1956d, 1957a; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940;
VANDEL 1946a, 1947c, 1950e, 1955d, 1964c; ARCANGELI 1952a, 1952h, 1960c; BUTUROVIĆ
1950, 1955e, 1955f (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; CARUSO & BRISOLESE
1974 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1999; CARUSO 1982a; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; CARUSO
et alii 1987; TAITI & FERRARA 1989b, 1995b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy including Sicily; Croatia; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Serbia and
Montenegro.
Trichoniscus mauritiensis Barnard, 1936 = Styloniscus m.
Trichoniscus medius Carl, 1908 = Spelaeonethes m.
Trichoniscus microps Budde-Lund, 1906 = Androniscus m.
Trichoniscus montanus Carl, 1908 = Hyloniscus riparius
Trichoniscus moruliceps Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus m.
Trichoniscus murrayi Dollfus, 1890 = Styloniscus m.
Trichoniscus muscivagus Verhoeff, 1917
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917d, 1917e, 1939f, 1941e, 1942h; HEROLD 1929a; STROUHAL 1947c (figs.),
1951, 1953b (figs.), 1958b; SCHMÖLZER 1951b, 1965b, 1974b; STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954;
GRUNER 1966a (figs.).
DISTR. – SE-Germany; Austria.
Trichoniscus naissensis Pljakić, 1977
DISTR. – Serbia.
Trichoniscus natalensis Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus n.
Trichoniscus neapolitanus Verhoeff, 1952
DISTR. – Southern Italy: Naples.
Trichoniscus nearcticus Arcangeli, 1932 = Oregoniscus n.
Trichoniscus nicaensis Legrand, 1953
BIBL. – LEGRAND 1953a (figs.); VANDEL 1960a (p. 340, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Trichoniscus nivatus Verhoeff, 1917
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917d, 1917e, 1931a, 1939f; HEROLD 1929a; KESSELYÁK 1930b; STROUHAL
1947c (figs.), 1951, 1953b (figs.), 1958b; SCHMÖLZER 1951b, 1965b, 1974b; STROUHAL &
FRANZ 1954; GRUNER 1966a (figs.).
DISTR. – SE-Germany; western Austria.
Trichoniscus noricus Verhoeff, 1917
SYN. – Spiloniscus n., T. plitvicensis, pusillus n.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917d, 1917e, 1930c, 1931b, 1932b, 1936b, 1938c, 1939f, 1952; HEROLD
1929a; KESSELYÁK 1930a, 1930b (figs.), 1936; MEHELY 1932; KESSELYÁK 1937b; STROUHAL
1947a, 1947c (figs.), 1948c, 1951, 1953b (figs.), 1958b; ARCANGELI 1950c; LEGRAND et alii
1950 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1951b, 1952b, 1953c, 1965b, 1974b; STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954;
BUTUROVIĆ 1958; FLASAROVÁ 1958; FRANKENBERGER 1959; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b; GRUNER
1966a (figs.); KARAMAN 1966b; ?TOMESCU 1973; KRUMPAL 1975; KOFLER 1989; ERHARD 1997
(figs.); FORRÓ & FARKAS 1998; VILISICS & FARKAS 2004.
DISTR. – Southern Germany; Austria; northern Italy; Czechia; Slovakia; Hungary; Serbia; ?
Romania.
Trichoniscus notatus (Waga, 1857) = Hyloniscus riparius
Trichoniscus novus Arcangeli, 1935 = Libanonethes n.
271
Trichoniscus oedipus Sfenthourakis, 1995

DISTR. – Greece: island Évia and Cyclades.
Trichoniscus omblae Verhoeff, 1901 = T. matulici
“Trichoniscus” orchidicola Mulaik, 1960
DISTR. – “Mexico”.
Trichoniscus ostarrichius Strouhal, 1947 = T. crassipes
Trichoniscus otakensis Chilton, 1901 = Styloniscus o.
Trichoniscus pancici Pljakić, 1977
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1977 (figs.); SFENTHOURAKIS 1995 (p. 3).
DISTR. – Serbia: “Kalna”.
Trichoniscus papillicornis Richardson, 1904 = Detonella p.
Trichoniscus pavani Brian, 1938
BIBL. – BRIAN 1938b (figs.).
Trichoniscus pedronensis Vandel, 1947
BIBL. – VANDEL 1947b, 1954n, 1960a (p. 332, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; TAITI & FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – Corsica.
Trichoniscus petrovi Andreev, 2002
Trichoniscus peyerimhoffi Vandel, 1955
BIBL. – VANDEL 1955e (figs.), 1959d.
DISTR. – Northern Algeria: department Algiers.
Trichoniscus phormianus Chilton, 1901 = Styloniscus p.
Trichoniscus pigmaeus Sars, 1898 = T. pygmaeus (printing mistake)
Trichoniscus plitvicensis Verhoeff, 1930 = T. noricus
Trichoniscus prenjanus Verhoeff, 1901 = Mesoniscus graniger
Trichoniscus propinquus Carl, 1908 = Phymatoniscus p.
Trichoniscus provisorius Racovitza, 1908
SYN. – Spiloniscus p., T. caroli, noricus var.rotundatus, noricus sturanus, pusillus
gachassini, pusillus p.
Orig. descr., figs.: RACOVITZA 1908.
Descr.: VERHOEFF 1917e, 1931b; HEROLD 1923; VANDEL 1955e, 1960a; GRUNER 1966a; TABACARU
1974b.
Figs.: VANDEL 1929, 1933, 1938b, 1938d, 1960a (p. 321); PALMÉN 1947, 1951a; LEGRAND et alii
1950; FLASAROVÁ 1962; BRIAN 1963a; STROUHAL 1968d; GRUNER 1966a; TABACARU 1974b.
Syst.: LEGRAND et alii 1950; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Morph.: LATTIN 1939b; VANDEL 1943, 1952f (p. 4, 6); ERHARD 1997.
Cytol., ultrastr.: VANDEL 1937.
Cuticle, molt: PATANÈ 1951.
Genet.: VANDEL 1928, 1937, 1941a, 1945b; FRANKEL et alii 1981.
Sex det.: VANDEL 1923, 1927, 1928, 1935, 1936a, 1936b, 1938a, 1941a, 1945b.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1947c.
Symbionts: REMY 1928; MATTHES 1950; VANDEL 1960a.
Ecol.: VANDEL 1940b, 1960a; FUSSEY 1984.
Distr.: ARCANGELI 1935e (E, sub T. pusillus); VANDEL 1946c (P), 1955e (Algeria), 1955f
(Lebanon), 1956a (Azores), 1959d (Algeria), 1960a (F), 1969c (Sicily); BRIAN 1927,
1963a (I); PALMÉN 1947 (SF), 1951a (USA, Newfoundland, map); FLASAROVÁ 1962, 1991,
1995 (former CS); DOMINIAK 1970b (PL); KERSMAEKERS 1973b (NL); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A);
GRUNER 1966a; STROUHAL 1968d (A); SCHMÖLZER 1971 (E); ARGANO & RAMPINI 1973
(Sardinia); SCHULTZ 1973 (Hawaii, sub T. pusillus); TABACARU 1974b (Balearic Islands);
PAOLETTI 1978a, 1980 (I); JĘDRYCZKOWSKI 1979 (PL); SCHMALFUSS 1979b (GR, sub T.
pusillus); TAITI & FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b (I), 1996 (Corsica); FUSSEY & SUTTON
1981 (Ireland); FUSSEY 1984 (GB); CIFUENTES 1984 (E); VIVAR et alii 1984 (E, sub T.
pusillus); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (GB); MANICASTRI et alii 1986 (I); CARUSO et alii 1987
(Sicily, Malta); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995 (I); CRUZ 1991a (E); ALLSPACH 1992 (D);
MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (I); ARGANO et alii 1995 (I); GARCIA & CRUZ 1996 (Balearic
Islands); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B).
Bibl.: VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a; STROUHAL 1968d.
DISTR. – Europe; Turkey; Lebanon; Algeria. Introduced to the Azores, Hawaii and North
America.
Trichoniscus pseudopusillus Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929e (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Cuba.
272
Trichoniscus pterydicola Paulian de Félice, 1940 = Clavigeroniscus riquieri

Trichoniscus pusillus Brandt, 1833
SYN. – Itea laevis, Philougria celer, Spiloniscus elisabethae, T. caelebs, coelebs, elisabethae,
p. caelebs, p. p., p. vandeli, rhenanus
Descr.: VERHOEFF 1901d; HEROLD 1923; MEINERTZ 1932; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Figs.: SARS 1898; VERHOEFF 1901d; GRAEVE 1913, 1914; HEROLD 1923, 1929a; MEINERTZ 1932;
VANDEL 1938a, 1960a; PALMÉN 1947, 1951a; LEGRAND et alii 1950; FLASAROVÁ 1962; GRUNER
1966a.
Syst.: PALMÉN 1947, 1951a; LEGRAND et alii 1950; VANDEL 1960a; GRUNER 1966a.
Morph.: WEBER, M. 1881; UNWIN 1932; LATTIN 1939a, 1939b; DALENS 1965a; SCHMALFUSS
1977a; HOESE 1981, 1982a, 1982b, 1984d, 1989.
Anat.: FLASAROVÁ 1967.
Sense organs: WENIG 1903.
Cuticle, molt: HOLDICH 1984; ZIEGLER 2003.
Respir.: UNWIN 1932; STANDEN, V. 1973.
Physiol.: STANDEN, V. 1973; PHILLIPSON 1983.
Genet.: VANDEL 1922, 1931b, 1934b, 1936c, 1939d, 1941a, 1945b; CHRISTENSEN & NOER 1986;
CHRISTENSEN et alii 1987.
Sex. det.: VANDEL 1934b, 1938a, 1941a, 1945b.
Reprod.: VANDEL 1947c, 1960a; MEINERTZ 1950a, 1951; BEYER 1958; GRUNER 1966a; STANDEN,
V. 1973; CHRISTENSEN et alii 1987; GLAZIER et alii 2003.
Pop. dyn.: SUTTON 1968; MOLFETAS 1982.
Ontog.: SUTTON 1970a.
Life history: STANDEN, V. 1970, 1973; PHILLIPSON 1983; SUTTON et alii 1984.
Nutr.: KAUTZ et alii 2000.
Symbionts: VANDEL 1960a.
Ecol.: HEROLD 1937a; MEINERTZ 1944b; BEYER 1958, 1964; GRUNER 1966a; STANDEN, V. 1973;
ERHARD 1992.
Distr.: SARS 1898 (N); SEMENKEVITSH 1931 (Ukraine); MEINERTZ 1938 (Iceland, map), 1964
(DK, map); PALMÉN 1946a (SF, map), 1947 (SF), 1951a (USA, Newfoundland, map);
EDNEY 1953a (GB); STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954 (A); POLK 1957 (B, map), 1959a (B);
HOLTHUIS 1956 (NL); FRANKENBERGER 1959 (former CS); VANDEL 1960a (F), 1960b
(Madeira), 1968a (Azores), ?1977c (St. Helena); GRUNER 1966a (D); DOMINIAK 1970b
(PL); SCHMÖLZER 1974b (A); JĘDRYCZKOWSKI 1979, 1980, 1985, 1987, 1994 (PL); ?CIFUENTES
1984 (E); FUSSEY 1984 (British Isles, map); HARDING & SUTTON 1985 (British Isles, map);
POLLO ZORITA ?1986a (E); FLASAROVÁ 1988, 1995 (Czechia, map), 1999 (Slovakia); CRUZ ?
1991a (E); ALLSPACH 1992 (D); ANDREEV ?2002 (BG); WOUTERS et alii 2000 (B, map).
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; PALMÉN 1951a.
DISTR. – Europe, safe records only north of the Alps. Introduced to Madeira, the Azores and
North America.
REMARKS. – The species T. alticola, baschieri, noricus, provisorius and pusillus have been
treated until recently as subspecies of T. pusillus sensu latu. References that cannot be
ascribed to one of these former subspecies are omitted.
Trichoniscus pusillus alticola Legrand, Strouhal & Vandel, 1950 = T. alticola
Trichoniscus pusillus baschierii Brian, 1953 = T. baschierii
Trichoniscus pusillus caelebs Verhoeff, 1917 = T. pusillus s. str.
Trichoniscus pusillus gachassini Vandel, 1955 = T. provisorius
Trichoniscus pusillus noricus Verhoeff, 1917 = T. noricus
Trichoniscus pusillus provisorius Racovitza, 1908 = T. provisorius
Trichoniscus pusillus var. pygmaeus Sars, 1898 = T. pygmaeus
Trichoniscus pygmaeus Sars, 1898
SYN. – Spiloniscus p., T. elbanus, horticolus, pusillus var. p.
BIBL. – SARS 1898 (figs.); PACK-BERESFORD & FOSTER 1911, 1913; GRAEVE 1913, 1914;
VERHOEFF 1917e, 1931b; HEROLD 1929a; SEMENKEVITSH 1931; VERHOEFF 1931b, 1932a,
1933b; MEINERTZ 1932, 1936, 1944b, 1950a, 1951, 1964; DEMIANOWICZ 1934; STROUHAL
1940c (figs.), 1968b (figs.); PALMÉN 1946a, 1947 (figs.), 1951a; VANDEL 1947c, 1959d,
1960a (p. 325, figs.), 1968a; EDNEY 1953a; HOLTHUIS 1956; MUCHMORE 1957;
FRANKENBERGER 1959; POLK 1959a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; GRUNER 1966a (figs.); DALENS 1967;
SCHMÖLZER 1971, 1974b; BORUTZKY 1972a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1978b (figs.); TAITI &
FERRARA 1980b, 1989c, 1995b, 1996; CARUSO & LOMBARDO 1982; CIFUENTES 1984; SUTTON et
alii 1984; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; FLASAROVÁ 1986a, 1988, 1995, 1999; CARUSO et alii
1987; SUTTON & HARDING 1989; ALLSPACH 1992; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994; ARGANO et alii
1995; GARCIA & CRUZ 1996; WOUTERS et alii 2000; TOMESCU et alii 2001.
DISTR. – Europe; Azores; Morocco; SW-Russia: Krasnodar District; introduced to North
America.
Trichoniscus pyrenaeus (Racovitza, 1907) = Oritoniscus p.
273
Trichoniscus racovitzai Tabacaru, 1994

BIBL. – TABACARU 1994, 1996b (figs.).
DISTR. – Romania.
Trichoniscus raitchevi Andreev & Tabacaru, 1972
BIBL. – ANDREEV & TABACARU 1972 (figs.); ANDREEV 2000; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
Trichoniscus remyi Verhoeff, 1933 = T. matulici
Trichoniscus rhenanus Graeve, 1913 = T. pusillus
Trichoniscus rhodiensis Arcangeli, 1934
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1934a (figs.), 1937a; VANDEL 1958b (sub T. fragilis non Racovitza);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; SCHMALFUSS 1972a, 1972b, 1979b, 1999 (sub T. fragilis non Racovitza);
ANDREEV 1986b (sub T. fragilis non Racovitza); SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS et alii
2004 (sub T. fragilis).
DISTR. – Greece: southern Aegean islands.
Trichoniscus rhodopiensis Vandel, 1965
BIBL. – VANDEL 1965c (figs.); ANDREEV 1972, 1986b, 2000, 2002.
DISTR. – Southern Bulgaria; NE-Greece including island Thásos.
Trichoniscus riparianus Verhoeff, 1936
Trichoniscus riparius (C. Koch, 1838) = Hyloniscus r.
Trichoniscus riquieri Arcangeli, 1930 = Clavigeroniscus r.
Trichoniscus riversdalei Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus r.
Trichoniscus roseus (C. Koch, 1838) = Androniscus r.
Trichoniscus roseus var. subterraneus Carl, 1906 = Androniscus subterraneus
Trichoniscus ruffoi Arcangeli, 1952 = T. fragilis
Trichoniscus sarsi (Patience, 1908) = Trichoniscoides s.
Trichoniscus sassandrai Paulian de Félice, 1940 = Clavigeroniscus riquieri
Trichoniscus scheerpeltzi Strouhal, 1958
DISTR. – Austria.
Trichoniscus semigranulatus Buturović, 1954
BIBL. – BUTUROVIĆ 1954 (figs.), 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; ANDREEV 2000.
DISTR. – Macedonia (former YU); SW-Bulgaria.
Trichoniscus serbicus Pljakić, 1970
BIBL. – PLJAKIĆ 1970b (figs.), 1977.
DISTR. – Serbia.
Trichoniscus serboorientalis Pljakić, 1977
DISTR. – Eastern Serbia.
Trichoniscus simplicifrons Verhoeff, 1901
SYN. – T. absoloni, vrbasensis
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901d (figs.); STROUHAL 1939f (figs.); FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940;
BUTUROVIĆ 1955d (figs.), 1955f, 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; TAITI & FERRARA
1989c; MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (p. 126); ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Italy; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Montenegro (former YU).
Trichoniscus soloisensis Vandel, 1959
BIBL. – VANDEL 1959d (figs.); CRUZ 1991a.
DISTR. – Morocco.
Trichoniscus sorrentinus Verhoeff, 1908 = T. matulici
Trichoniscus spinosus Patience, 1907 = Styloniscus s.
Trichoniscus stammeri Verhoeff, 1932
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931b, 1932a (figs.), 1939f; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL
1940d; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b; POTOČNIK 1979, 1980.
Trichoniscus stebbingi Patience, 1907 = Cordioniscus s.
Trichoniscus steinboecki Verhoeff, 1931
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1931a (figs.), 1939f; STROUHAL 1947a (figs.), 1947c (figs.), 1951, 1953b
(figs.), 1958b (figs.); VANDEL 1950e; STROUHAL & FRANZ 1954; SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1974b.
DISTR. – Eastern Austria.
Trichoniscus stoevi Andreev, 2002
DISTR. – Bulgaria: district Gabrovo.
Trichoniscus strasseri Verhoeff, 1938
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1938d (figs.), 1939f; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; STROUHAL 1958b; SCHMÖLZER 1965b;
KARAMAN 1966b.
Trichoniscus stygius Nĕmec, 1897 = Androniscus s.
Trichoniscus stygivagus Verhoeff, 1901 = T. matulici
274
Trichoniscus styricus Strouhal, 1958

DISTR. – Eastern Austria.
Trichoniscus sulcatus Verhoeff, 1917
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1917e; HEROLD 1929a (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1989c; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Northern and central Italy.
Trichoniscus swellendami Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus s.
Trichoniscus tabulae Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus t.
Trichoniscus tenebrarum Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926b (figs.), 1930c; GUEORGUIEV & BERON 1962; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; VANDEL
1965c, 1967a; ANDREEV 2000, 2002; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – Central Bulgaria.
Trichoniscus thielei Verhoeff, 1901
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1901c, 1901d; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Bosnia and Hercegovina: region of Sarajevo.
Trichoniscus thomsoni (Chilton, 1885) = Styloniscus t.
Trichoniscus tirolensis Verhoeff, 1901 = Hyloniscus riparius
Trichoniscus transsilvanicus Verhoeff, 1901 = Hyloniscus t.
Trichoniscus tranteevi Andreev, 2000
SYN. – T. anophthalmus intermedius
DISTR. – NE-Bulgaria.
Trichoniscus tuberculatus Tabacaru, 1996
DISTR. – Romania.
Trichoniscus turgidus Verhoeff, 1929 = T. matulici
Trichoniscus valkanovi Andreev, 1985
BIBL. – ANDREEV 1985b (figs.), 2000; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
DISTR. – SE-Bulgaria.
REMARKS. – Differences towards T. provisorius obscure.
Trichoniscus vandeli Tabacaru, 1996
DISTR. – Romania.
Trichoniscus vandelius Collinge, 1945 = Oritoniscus flavus
Trichoniscus ventosus Barnard, 1932 = Styloniscus v.
Trichoniscus veracrucensis Mulaik, 1960 = Miktoniscus medcofi
Trichoniscus verhoeffi Dahl, 1919
BIBL. – DAHL 1919 (figs.); HEROLD 1929a (figs.); VERHOEFF 1931a, 1931b (figs.), 1932b;
Trichoniscus verrucosus Budde-Lund, 1906 = Styloniscus v.
Trichoniscus violaceus Schöbl, 1861 = Hyloniscus riparius
Trichoniscus virei Carl, 1908 = Oritoniscus v.
Trichoniscus vividus (C. Koch, 1841) = Hyloniscus v.
Trichoniscus vividus var. marginalis Verhoeff, 1901 = Hyloniscus marginalis
Trichoniscus vividus var. montanus Carl, 1908 = Hyloniscus riparius
Trichoniscus voltai Arcangeli, 1948
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1948e (figs.); BRIAN 1950, 1954a; VANDEL 1950b, 1960a (p. 329, figs.);
SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995.
Trichoniscus vrbasensis Buturović, 1955 = T. simplicifrons
Trichoniscus vulcanius Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g (figs.), 1952; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Southern Italy: region of Naples.
Trichoniscus zangherii Arcangeli, 1952
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1952h (figs.); MANICASTRI & TAITI 1994 (figs.); ARGANO et alii 1995.
Trichoniscus zosterae Verhoeff, 1931 = T. fragilis
T r i c h o p h i l o s c i a Arcangeli, 1950
Trichophiloscia murisieri (Arcangeli, 1924)
SYN. – Porcellionides m.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1924d (figs.), 1950a (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b; ARGANO et alii 1995.
T r i c h o r h i n a Budde-Lund, 1908
275
Trichorhina acuta Araujo & Buckup, 1994

BIBL. – ARAUJO & BUCKUP 1994a (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southernmost Brazil.
Trichorhina aethiopica Arcangeli, 1941
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1941 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Caschei River”.
Trichorhina albida Budde-Lund, 1908
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1946; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Tamatave”.
Trichorhina amazonica Souza-Kury, 1997
BIBL. – SOUZA-KURY 1997a (figs.), 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – NE-Brazil.
Trichorhina ambigua (Budde-Lund, 1893) = Calycuoniscus a.
Trichorhina anophthalma Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936g (figs.); VANDEL 1946b (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971; HOESE 1981,
1984c.
DISTR. – Southern Portugal.
Trichorhina argentina Vandel, 1963
BIBL. – VANDEL 1963a (figs.); ARAUJO & BUCKUP 1996b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southernmost Brazil; central eastern Argentina: La Plata.
Trichorhina atlasi Vandel, 1959
DISTR. – Central Morocco: Middle Atlas Mountains.
Trichorhina atoyacensis Mulaik, 1960
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1964; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Mexico: province Veracruz.
Trichorhina australiensis Wahrberg, 1922
BIBL. – WAHRBERG 1922a (figs.); MEINERTZ 1934; VANDEL 1973c; BUNN & GREEN 1982; GREEN
et alii 2002.
Trichorhina barbouri (Van Name, 1926) = Phalloniscus b.
Trichorhina bequaerti Van Name, 1936
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); VANDEL 1973f (figs.), 1981; BOYKO 1997.
Trichorhina bicolor Araujo & Buckup, 1996
BIBL. – ARAUJO & BUCKUP 1996b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Southern Brazil: Santa Catarina.
Trichorhina boliviana (Vandel, 1952)
SYN. – Phalloniscus b.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952e (figs.), 1956f (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Bolivia: Cochabamba.
Trichorhina bonadonai Vandel, 1953 = T. buchnerorum
Trichorhina boneti Rioja, 1956
BIBL. – RIOJA 1956 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: province San Luis Potosí.
Trichorhina brasiliensis Andersson, 1960
BIBL. – ANDERSSON 1960b (figs.); SCHULTZ 1995a (figs.); SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Paraguay; southern Brazil: Santa Catarina.
Trichorhina buchnerorum (Verhoeff, 1942)
SYN. – Anaphiloscia b., Myrmicellio b., T. bonadonai
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942g (figs.); VANDEL 1953e, 1961, 1962b (p. 437, figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b,
1971; TAITI & FERRARA 1980b (figs.), 1989c; FERRARA & TAITI 1986a; ARGANO et alii 1995;
GARCIA & CRUZ 1996.
DISTR. – Balearic Islands: Menorca; SE-France; western Italy.
Trichorhina caeca Vandel, 1952
DISTR. – Venezuela: “El Junquito”.
Trichorhina dobrogica Radu, 1960
BIBL. – RADU, V. G. 1960d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
DISTR. – Romania: Black Sea Coast.
Trichorhina donaldsoni Schultz, 1963
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1963c (figs.).
Trichorhina eburnea Vandel, 1953 = Niambia e.
Trichorhina giannellii Arcangeli, 1929
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929e (figs.), ?1930b; BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL
1981.
DISTR. – Cuba; ?Costa Rica.
276
Trichorhina guanophila Souza-Kury, 1993

DISTR. – NE-Brazil: Bahía State.
Trichorhina heterophthalma Lemos de Castro, 1964
BIBL. – LEMOS DE CASTRO 1964 (figs.); VANDEL 1968c, 1981, 1973f; SCHULTZ 1975 (figs.);
BOWMAN 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1983; TAITI & FERRARA 1983a, 1991b; TAITI et alii 1992;
SOUZA-KURY 1993a (figs.), 1998; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996, 1997; ARMAS & JUARRERO DE
VARONA 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Trichorhina hispana (Dollfus, 1893)
SYN. – Bathytropa h.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893d (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1965b, 1971.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain: Valencia.
Trichorhina hoestlandti Vandel, 1960
SYN. – T. anophthalma h.
DISTR. – Madeira.
Trichorhina hospes Silvestri, 1918
BIBL. – SILVESTRI 1918 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; FERRARA &
SCHMALFUSS 1985 (figs.).
DISTR. – Nigeria: “Olokemeji”; ?São Tomé island (Gulf of Guinea).
Trichorhina isthmica (Van Name, 1926)
SYN. – Leptotrichus i.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1926 (figs.), 1936; ARCANGELI 1930b; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
DISTR. – Panama.
Trichorhina kribensis Ferrara & Schmalfuss, 1983
Trichorhina lobata Verhoeff, 1946
DISTR. – Burma.
Trichorhina macrophthalma Mulaik, 1960
DISTR. – Mexico: province Tabasco.
Trichorhina macrops Souza-Kury, 1993
DISTR. – Brazil: Pernambuco.
Trichorhina marianii Arcangeli, 1930
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1930b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Trichorhina micros Budde-Lund, 1913
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); BARNARD 1964; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Trichorhina minima Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
DISTR. – Togo.
Trichorhina minutissima Budde-Lund, 1913
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b (figs.); MEINERTZ 1934; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Somalia; Cargados Islands N Mauritius.
Trichorhina monocellata Meinertz, 1934 = T. tomentosa
Trichorhina mulaiki nomen novum
SYN. – Mexicostylus squamatus, T. squamata nomen praeocc.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933c (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.).
DISTR. – Mexico: province Chiapas.
Trichorhina pallida Barnard, 1960
BIBL. – BARNARD 1960a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Trichorhina paolae Caruso, 1978
BIBL. – CARUSO 1978 (figs.), 1982a; CARUSO et alii 1987; CARUSO & HILI 1991.
Trichorhina papillosa (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Alloniscus p., Gedania p.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1908, 1913b; DOLLFUS 1893a; RICHARDSON 1912a; VAN NAME 1936;
VANDEL 1952d (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Venezuela: “Los Tejes”.
Trichorhina paraensis Souza-Kury, 1997
277
DISTR. – NE-Brazil: Pará.

Trichorhina pearsei (Creaser, 1938)
SYN. – Porcellio p., T. yucatanensis
BIBL. – CREASER 1938 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1964; ARMAS & JUARRERO
DE VARONA 1993; SOUZA-KURY 1993a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Trichorhina pittieri (Pearse, 1921)
SYN. – Leptotrichus p.
BIBL. – PEARSE 1921; VAN NAME 1925, 1936 (figs.), 1940; ARCANGELI 1930b; LEMOS DE CASTRO
1967; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; SCHMALFUSS 2000a.
DISTR. – Venezuela; Guyana; NE-Brazil: Pará.
Trichorhina pubescens (Dollfus, 1893)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893a; VAN NAME 1936, 1942; VANDEL 1958g (figs.).
DISTR. – Venezuela: region of Caracas.
Trichorhina quisquiliarum (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Alloniscus q.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1913b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1952d; LEISTIKOW &
Trichorhina sicula Vandel, 1969
BIBL. – VANDEL 1969c (figs.); CARUSO et alii 1987; ARGANO et alii 1995.
DISTR. – Sicily.
Trichorhina silvestrii Arcangeli, 1936
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1936h (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1955b; POLLO ZORITA 1986b.
DISTR. – Spain.
Trichorhina simoni (Dollfus, 1893)
SYN. – Bathytropa s., Platyarthrus s.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1921; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Venezuela: “Colonie Tovar”.
Trichorhina squamapleotelsona Schultz, 1984
DISTR. – Belize.
Trichorhina squamata Verhoeff, 1926
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1926a (figs.); MEINERTZ 1934; JACKSON 1941.
Trichorhina squamata (Verhoeff, 1933) (nomen praeocc.) = T. mulaiki
Trichorhina thermophila (Dollfus, 1896) = T. tomentosa
Trichorhina tomentosa (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Alloniscus t., Bathytropa thermophila, T. monocellata, thermophila, vannamei
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1908, 1912b; DOLLFUS 1896c; PACK-BERESFORD & FOSTER 1913;
MEINERTZ 1934, 1936, 1944b, 1950a, 1951; VAN NAME 1936, 1942; VERHOEFF 1937c;
HOLTHUIS 1945a, 1956; VANDEL 1952d, 1963a, 1968a, 1968c, 1973f, 1977c, 1981; HOLTHUIS
1956; RIOJA 1957a; POLK 1959a; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; GRUNER 1966a; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1967,
1971; LENKO 1971; SCHMALFUSS 1977b, 1978b (figs.), 1983c; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978
(p. 74); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1983b, 1998; JĘDRYCZKOWSKI 1979, 1981; TAITI & FERRARA
1983a, 1991b; HARDING & SUTTON 1985; DAVIS 1989; ARAUJO & BUCKUP 1996b; TAITI &
HOWARTH 1996, 1997; SOUZA-KURY 1997a, 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000;
WOUTERS et alii 2000; KORSÓS et alii 2002; SCHMIDT 2002, 2003 (figs.!!); MATTERN 2003.
DISTR. – Tropical America; introduced to greenhouses worldwide.
Trichorhina triocellata Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Trichorhina triocis Mulaik & Mulaik, 1943
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1943 (figs.); BOYKO 1997.
Trichorhina tropica Arcangeli, 1950
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zaire: “Eala”.
Trichorhina tropicalis Lewis, 1998
DISTR. – Queensland (Australia): “Wongalinga Beach”.
Trichorhina vandeli Rioja, 1955
BIBL. – RIOJA 1955 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEMOS DE CASTRO 1964; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
Trichorhina vannamei Verhoeff, 1937 = T. tomentosa
Trichorhina xoltumae Mulaik, 1960
278

Trichorhina yucatanensis Mulaik, 1960 = T. pearsei
Trichorhina zimapanensis Mulaik, 1960
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: province Hidalgo.
T r i c y p h o n i s c u s Verhoeff, 1936
Tricyphoniscus bureschi Verhoeff, 1936
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1936a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER 1940a; STROUHAL 1940a; VANDEL 1965c,
1967a; ANDREEV 1972, 2002; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA 2000.
T r i d e n t o d i l l o Jackson, 1933
Tridentodillo squamosus Jackson, 1933
BIBL. – JACKSON 1933 (figs.), 1941; SCHMALFUSS 1984b.
DISTR. – Polynesia: Marquesas Islands.
T r i t r a c h e o d i l l o Ferrara & Taiti, 1982

Tritracheodillo spatulatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1982
T r i t r a c h e o n i s c u s Taiti & Manicastri, 1985

Tritracheoniscus cerrutii (Vandel, 1958)
SYN. – Nagurus c.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1958h (figs.); ARCANGELI 1963; ARGANO et alii 1982, 1995; TAITI & MANICASTRI
1985 (figs.).
T r o g l a r m a d i l l i d i u m Verhoeff, 1900
Troglarmadillidium ariadnae (Vandel, 1958) = Platanosphaera a. (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii

2004).
Troglarmadillidium beieri Strouhal, 1956 = Platanosphaera b. (compare SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004)
Troglarmadillidium buchnerorum (Verhoeff, 1941) = Alloschizidium b.
Troglarmadillidium gavdense (Schmalfuss, 1972) = Platanosphaera g. (compare SCHMALFUSS et
alii 2004)
Troglarmadillidium halophilum Sfenthourakis, 1993 = Platanosphaera g. (compare SCHMALFUSS et
alii 2004)
Troglarmadillidium helenae (Racovitza, 1907) = Eleoniscus h.
Troglarmadillidium kratochvili (Frankenberger, 1938) = Typhlarmadillidium k.
Troglarmadillidium machadoi Vandel, 1946
DISTR. – Southern Portugal.
Troglarmadillidium stygium (Verhoeff, 1900)
SYN. – Armadillidium s.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900, 1918b (figs.), 1933a; FRANKENBERGER 1940a; FRANKENBERGER &
STROUHAL 1940; STROUHAL 1940d; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
DISTR. – Hercegovina: Trebinja.
Troglarmadillidium subterraneum Verhoeff, 1933 = Paraschizidium coeculum
Troglarmadillidium trebinjanum Verhoeff, 1900 = Typhlarmadillidium t.
T r o g l e u b e l u m Arcangeli, 1950
Trogleubelum tenebrarum (Van Name, 1920)
SYN. – Eubelum t.
DISTR. – Zaire: “Thysville = Mbanza Ngungu”.
T r o g l o c y l i s t i c u s Ferrara & Taiti, 1983

279

Troglocylisticus cyrnensis Ferrara & Taiti, 1983
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1983 (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1996.
DISTR. – Corsica: Grotte de Brando.
T r o g l o c y p h o n i s c u s Strouhal, 1939
Troglocyphoniscus absoloni Strouhal, 1939
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1939b (figs.), 1940a, 1940d; VANDEL 1946a; BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER
1965b; KARAMAN 1966b.
Troglocyphoniscus osellai Caruso, 2000
BIBL. – CARUSO 2000 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Italy: region of Verona.
Troglocyphoniscus remyi Vandel, 1946
BIBL. – VANDEL 1946a (figs.), 1950e (figs.); BUTUROVIĆ 1958; SCHMÖLZER 1965b; KARAMAN
1966b.
DISTR. – Hercegovina: region of Mostar.
T r o g l o d i l l o Jackson, 1937
Troglodillo emarginatus Jackson, 1937
BIBL. – JACKSON 1937 (figs.); KWON & TAITI 1993.
DISTR. – Northern Thailand.
Troglodillo rotundatus Kwon & Taiti, 1993
DISTR. – China: “Guangxi Zhuangxi Zizhiqu”.
T r o g l o n e t h e s Cruz, 1989
Troglonethes aurouxi Cruz, 1989
BIBL. – CRUZ 1989b (figs.); TABACARU 1996a.
DISTR. – Eastern Spain: Valencia.
T r o g l o p h i l o s c i a Brian, 1929
Troglophiloscia belizensis Schultz, 1984
DISTR. – Belize.
Troglophiloscia laevis Schultz, 1977
Troglophiloscia silvestrii Brian, 1929
BIBL. – BRIAN 1929 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; RIOJA 1957a (figs.); VANDEL 1973f, 1981 (figs.);
DISTR. – Cuba: Mantanzas.
T r o p e t h e l u m Verhoeff, 1942
Tropethelum salamense Verhoeff, 1942
DISTR. – Tanzania: Daressalam.
T r o p i c a n a Manicastri & Taiti, 1987

Tropicana minuta Manicastri & Taiti, 1987
BIBL. – MANICASTRI & TAITI 1987 (figs.); TAITI & HOWARTH 1996, 1997; ANDREEV & BOZAROVA
2000.
DISTR. – Cameroon; Comoro Islands; Sri Lanka; Hawaii.
T r o p i c o c e l l i o Arcangeli, 1950
Tropicocellio pallidus Arcangeli, 1950
280
DISTR. – Zaire: “Eala”.
T r o p i s c i a Vandel, 1968
Tropiscia flagellata Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; LEISTIKOW 2001d (figs.).
Genus Tuberdillo = Genus Ctenorillo (see TAITI et alii 1998: 299)
T u b e r i l l o Schultz, 1982
Tuberillo celebensis Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992
DISTR. – Sulawesi: Togian Islands.
Tuberillo jubatus (Herold, 1931)
SYN. – Hybodillo j.
DISTR. – Sumatra: Sabang Island.
Tuberillo sarawakensis Schultz, 1982
T u r a Budde-Lund, 1908
Tura albipennis (Budde-Lund, 1913)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b; FERRARA 1973b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Tura angusta (Budde-Lund, 1913)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b; VANDEL 1964b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985e (figs.);
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – NE-Mozambique; Aldabra Island; Europa Island.
Tura candida Ferrara, 1974
Tura inquilina (Koelbel, 1894) = nomen dubium (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS
2000a)
Tura laticauda (Budde-Lund, 1913)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1913b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Rio Faressa, Arussi Galla”.
Tura mesopotamica Taiti & Ferrara, 1985
BIBL. – MESSANA et alii 1985; TAITI & FERRARA 1985 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1998.
Tura nigromaculata Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Chad.
Tura testacea (Budde-Lund, 1908)
SYN. – Leptotrichus t., Porcellio t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1908 (figs.), 1913b; BARNARD 1958; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Aldabra Island; Madagascar.
T u r a n o n i s c u s Borutzky, 1969
Synocheta: family Turanoniscidae
Turanoniscus anacanthotermitis Borutzky, 1969
BIBL. – BORUTZKY 1969b (figs.), 1972b; ERHARD 1997 (figs.).
DISTR. – Uzbekistan: region of Tashkent.
T u r k o n e t h e s Verhoeff, 1943
Turkonethes albus Verhoeff, 1943
DISTR. – NW-Turkey: Yalova (coast of Sea of Marmara).
281
Turkonethes solifugus Verhoeff, 1943

BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1943b (figs.); VANDEL 1980.
DISTR. – NE-Turkey: region of Bursa.
T y l o s Audouin, 1826
Tylida: family Tylidae
Tylos africanus Ferrara, 1974 = T. minor
Tylos albidus Budde-Lund, 1885
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
DISTR. – Nicobar Islands; Maldive Islands; Sri Lanka.
Tylos algerinus Verhoeff, 1949 = T. ponticus
Tylos armadillo Latreille, 1829 = nomen dubium
Tylos australis Lewis & Bishop, 1990
BIBL. – LEWIS 1990 (figs.), 1991a (figs.); LEWIS & BISHOP 1990 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA
2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – New South Wales (Australia): 120 km S Sydney.
Tylos bilobus Lewis, 1990 = T. opercularis
Tylos capensis Krauss, 1843
SYN. – T. incurvus
BIBL. – KRAUSS 1843 (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906 (figs.); BARNARD 1932; VANDEL 1952d;
KENSLEY 1974 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979; HOESE 1983 (figs.); HOLDICH 1984 (figs.);
MCLACHLAN & SIEBEN 1991 (figs.); BROWN & ODENDAAL 1994; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
DISTR. – South Africa: east coast from False Bay to Port Elizabeth.
Tylos chilensis Schultz, 1983
BIBL. – SCHULTZ 1983b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Chile: Valparaiso to Copiapó.
Tylos cilicius Verhoeff, 1941 = T. europaeus
Tylos europaeus Arcangeli, 1938
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1906; ?VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1938b; ROSSI 1948 (T. latreillii);
GIORDANI SOIKA 1954; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975; KUSSAKIN 1982; SCHMALFUSS 1989f;
TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1996 (figs.); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; UGOLINI et alii
1995, 1997; COLOMBINI et alii 1996; FALLACI et alii 1996; MICHEL-SALZAT & BOUCHON 2000;
SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; ZIEGLER 2003.
DISTR. – Azores; Atlantic coast of Europe north to the Bretagne (France); coasts of the
Mediterranean and Black Sea. Records from North America, the Caribbean and the
Bermuda Islands need confirmation.
Tylos exiguus Stebbing, 1910
BIBL. – STEBBING 1910a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1938b (figs.), 1952d; GIORDANI SOIKA 1954; FERRARA
& TAITI 1979; SCHULTZ 1983b; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; TAITI & FERRARA 2004 (figs.).
DISTR. – Red Sea coasts and Socotra Island.
Tylos granulatus Krauss, 1843
Orig. descr., figs.: KRAUSS 1843.
Descr.: BUDDE-LUND 1906; BARNARD 1932; KENSLEY 1974.
Figs.: BUDDE-LUND 1906; BARNARD 1932; KENSLEY 1974.
Syst.: BARNARD 1932; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
Fossil: HAUGHTON 1931.
Morph.: BARNARD 1924b, 1940a; GRUNER 1954; KENSLEY 1974; EBBE 1981; HOESE 1983.
Anat.: KENSLEY 1974.
Respir.: BROWN & ODENDAAL 1994.
Physiol.: KENSLEY 1974; BROWN & ODENDAAL 1994.
Reprod.: BARNARD 1940a; KENSLEY 1974; BROWN & ODENDAAL 1994.
Pop. dyn.: BROWN & ODENDAAL 1994.
Ontog.: KENSLEY 1974.
Behav.: KENSLEY 1972, 1974; BROWN & ODENDAAL 1994; VILLIERS & BROWN 1994; BROWN &
TRUEMAN 1996; ODENDAAL et alii 1999.
Nutr.: KENSLEY 1974; BROWN & ODENDAAL 1994.
Symbionts: BARNARD 1932.
Ecol.: KENSLEY 1974; VILLIERS & BROWN 1994; BROWN & TRUEMAN 1996; BROWN, A. 2000.
Distr.: KENSLEY 1974; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
Bibl.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; KENSLEY 1974; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
DISTR. – Coast of northern Namibia (Ventura Wreck site) to Cape Town (South Africa).
Tylos granulatus Miers, 1877 (nomen praeocc.) = T. granuliferus
Tylos granuliferus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – T. granulatus Miers, 1877 (nomen praeocc.), granuriferus ("printing" mistake)
BIBL. – MIERS 1877b; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906; ONDO 1953, 1954; KUSSAKIN 1974, 1982
(figs.); IMAFUKU 1976; TAKEDA 1984; NUNOMURA 1990, 1991b, 1999b, 2003d, 2004a, 2004b,
2004c; KWON 1993 (figs.), 1995; JEPPESEN 2000; SAITO et alii 2000; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA
2000.
282
DISTR. – Eastern Russia: Vladivostok and southernmost Kuril Islands; Korea; Japan. Record
from Borneo questionable.
Tylos incurvus Budde-Lund, 1906 = T. capensis
Tylos insularis Van Name, 1936 = T. punctatus i.
Tylos latreillii Audouin, 1826 = nomen dubium (compare SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000)
Tylos latreillii erythraeus Arcangeli, 1938 = T. exiguus
Tylos latreillii europaeus Arcangeli, 1938 = T. europaeus
Tylos latreilli madeirae Arcangeli, 1938 = T. madeirae
Tylos latreillii niveus Budde-Lund, 1885 = T. niveus
Tylos latreillii pelagicus Arcangeli, 1957 = nomen dubium
Tylos latreillii sardous Arcangeli, 1938 = T. ponticus
Tylos madeirae Arcangeli, 1938
SYN. – T. latreillii m.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1938b (figs.).
DISTR. – Madeira.
REMARKS. – The species was described as subspecies of T. latreillii by ARCANGELI 1938b.
The diagnostic characters figured by ARCANGELI strongly suggest that it is neither a
subspecies of T. europaeus nor of T. ponticus, but a separate species (S. TAITI, pers.
comm.).
Tylos maindroni Giordani Soika, 1954
BIBL. – GIORDANI SOIKA 1954 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1986c; TAITI & FERRARA 1991c (figs.);
SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; TAITI et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Persian Gulf: Kuwait; Oman; Iran (Busher).
Tylos marcuzzii Giordani Soika, 1954
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d (sub T. latreillii); GIORDANI SOIKA 1954 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1974b (figs.),
1984b; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
DISTR. – USA: Florida; Bahamas; Leeward Islands; Belize; Venezuela.
Tylos minor Dollfus, 1893
SYN. – T. africanus, ochri
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893b; BUDDE-LUND 1906; FERRARA 1974a (figs.); ROMAN 1977; CHELAZZI &
FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1985e, 1998; TAITI & FERRARA 1984; KWON & TAITI
1993 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Somalia; Kenya; Seychelles; Aldabra Island, Comoro Islands;
Madagascar.
Tylos neozelanicus Chilton, 1901
BIBL. – CHILTON 1901 (figs.), 1910a; HURLEY 1961; VANDEL 1977a; SCHULTZ 1983b; LEWIS &
BISHOP 1990 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
DISTR. – New Zealand: Wellington.
Tylos niveus Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – T. latreillii n.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906; DOLLFUS 1890a; RICHARDSON 1905; BOONE, L. 1934; VAN
NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1938b; VANDEL 1949, 1952d (figs.), 1981; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1952
(figs.), 1971 (figs.); MULAIK 1960; SCHULTZ 1970a, 1974b, 1984b; SCHULTZ & JOHNSON 1984
(figs.); ARMAS & DAVILA 1988; PAOLETTI 1989; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999; JEPPESEN 2000; LOYOLA E SILVA & SANTOS ALVES 2000 (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA
2000.
DISTR. – USA: Florida; Bahamas; Bermudas; Cuba and other Caribbean islands; SE-Mexico;
Belize; Venezuela; Brazil: near Rio de Janeiro and in Santa Catarina (perhaps introduced).
Tylos nudulus Budde-Lund, 1906
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1906 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; GREEN et alii
2002.
DISTR. – Christmas Island S Java (politically belonging to Australia, 11° S).
REMARKS. – Probably identical with T. opercularis.
Tylos ochri Roman, 1977 = T. minor
Tylos opercularis Budde-Lund, 1885
SYN. – T. bilobus
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1906 (figs.); GRAVE & SIMON 1992; LEWIS 1990 (figs.), 1991a
(figs.); TAITI et alii 1992 (figs.); JEPPESEN 2000; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; GREEN et alii
2002.
DISTR. – Philippines; Papua New Guinea; Sulawesi; Australia: Queensland south to 22° S.
Tylos ponticus Grebnicki, 1874
SYN. – T. algerinus, latreillii p., latreillii sardous, sardous
BIBL. – Question marks indicate publications in which “T. latreillii” is treated and it remains
open whether they refer to T. ponticus or to T. europaeus. – GREBNICKI 1874; BUDDE-LUND
1885, 1906; ?JACKSON 1928a; ?VANDEL 1943; ?PARDI 1954a, 1954b; PAULI 1954; ?OSCHE
1955; ?MATTHES 1956, 1986; ?TONGIORNI 1963, 1969; ?CICERO 1964; ?DALENS 1965b; ?
MEAD 1965a, 1967; BORUTZKY 1972b; SCHMALFUSS 1972b, 1974 (T. latreillei) (figs.), 1998b,
1999; STROUHAL & PRETZMANN 1975 (T. latreillei); HOESE 1982a, 1983, 1984d (T. latreillei);
KUSSAKIN 1982; ?STORCH et alii 1987; ?STORCH & ŠTRUS 1989; TAITI & FERRARA 1989c, 1996
283
(figs.); ARGANO & MANICASTRI 1991, 1995; ERHARD 1995a, 1995b, 1996, 1997 (T. latreillii);
SFENTHOURAKIS 1996b; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; DIAS & SPRUNG 2003; TABACARU &
GIURGINCA 2003b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS et alii 2004.
DISTR. – Madeira; Canary Islands; Atlantic coast of NW-Africa south to Dakar; coasts of the
Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Records of T. latreillii from the Bermuda Islands may
partly refer to this species (compare SCHULTZ 1970a: 299, fig. 13).
Tylos punctatus Holmes & Gay, 1909
SYN. – T. insularis
BIBL. – HOLMES & GAY 1909 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936, 1940; VANDEL 1949; HAMNER et alii
1968, 1969; HAYES 1970a, 1970b, 1974, 1977; SCHULTZ 1970a (figs.), 1974b; HOLANOV &
HENDRICKSON 1980; GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; WRIGHT et alii 2003.
DISTR. – California from Los Angeles (USA) to Guaymas (Sonora, Mexico); Galapagos
Islands.
Tylos sabuleti Verhoeff, 1949 = T. europaeus
Tylos sardous Arcangeli, 1938 = T. ponticus
Tylos spinulosus Dana, 1853
BIBL. – DANA 1853; MIERS 1877b; CHILTON 1901, 1910a; BUDDE-LUND 1906; VAN NAME 1924,
1936, 1940; ARCANGELI 1938b; SCHULTZ 1970a (figs.), 1983b (figs.); HOESE 1983; ERHARD
1996, 1997 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000 (figs.).
DISTR. – Northern Chile: Coquimbo to Copiapó. Type locality “Nassau Bay, Fuegia”
probably a labelling error.
Tylos tantabiddyi Lewis, 1991
BIBL. – LEWIS 1991a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000; GREEN et alii 2002.
DISTR. – Western Australia: Exmouth Peninsula.
Tylos wegeneri Vandel, 1952
SYN. – T. wageneri, wagneri
BIBL. – VANDEL 1952d (figs.); SCHULTZ 1970a (figs.), 1974b, 1983b; GARCÉS 1991; LEISTIKOW
& WÄGELE 1999; SCHMALFUSS & VERGARA 2000.
DISTR. – USA: Florida; Costa Rica: Pacific Coast (!); Lesser Antilles: Saint Martin;
Trinidad; Tobago; Venezuela.
T y p h l a r m a d i l l i d i u m Verhoeff, 1900
Typhlarmadillidium kratochvili (Frankenberger, 1938)
SYN. – Cylisticus k., Troglarmadillidium k.
BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1938b (figs.), 1940a (figs.); FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940;
STROUHAL 1940d; KARAMAN 1966b; FERRARA & TAITI 1996b.
DISTR. – Croatia: island Korčula.
Typhlarmadillidium ruffoi Ferrara & Taiti, 1996
DISTR. – NE-Italy: region of Padova.
Typhlarmadillidium trebinjanum (Verhoeff, 1900)
SYN. – Armadillidium t., Troglarmadillidium t.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1900, 1918b (figs.), 1933a; STROUHAL 1939b (figs.), 1940d; FRANKENBERGER
1940a; FRANKENBERGER & STROUHAL 1940; KARAMAN 1966b; FERRARA & TAITI 1996b.
DISTR. – Croatia; Hercegovina; Montenegro.
Typhlisticus cavernicola (Racovitza, 1907) = Cylisticus c.
T y p h l o l i g i d i u m Verhoeff, 1918
Typhloligidium coecum (Carl, 1904)
SYN. – Krimonethes c., Ligidium c.
BIBL. – CARL 1904 (figs.); VERHOEFF 1918b; STROUHAL 1928a; BORUTZKY 1950 (figs.), 1962;
SCHMÖLZER 1965b.
Typhloligidium karabijajlae Borutzky, 1962
Typhloniscus steini Schoebl, 1860 = Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii

Typhloniscus stygius Joseph, 1882 = nomen dubium
Typhloschizidium cottarellii Argano & Pesce, 1974 = Alloschizidium c. (compare TAITI &
FERRARA 1996)
284
Typhloschizidium eeae Argano & Utzeri, 1973 = Alloschizidium e. (compare TAITI & FERRARA
1996)
Typhloschizidium igiliense Ferrara & Taiti, 1978 = Alloschizidium i. (compare TAITI & FERRARA
1996)
Typhloschizidium sardoum Arcangeli, 1933 = Alloschizidium s. (compare TAITI & FERRARA 1996)
T y p h l o t r i c h o l i g i o i d e s Rioja, 1952
Typhlotricholigioides aquaticus Rioja, 1952
BIBL. – RIOJA 1952 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); VANDEL 1965b (figs.); SCHULTZ 1994 (figs.);
ERHARD 1997 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; TABACARU 1999.
DISTR. – Central Mexico.
U l u g u r o s c i a Taiti & Ferrara, 1980

Uluguroscia austroafricana Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Uluguroscia inflata Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
DISTR. – Madagascar: “Nossi-bé”.
Uluguroscia montana Taiti & Ferrara, 1980
BIBL. – TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1984.
Uluguroscia obscura Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Uluguroscia pohli Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
Uluguroscia pugionifera Taiti & Ferrara, 1984
Uluguroscia vandammei Taiti & Ferrara, 2004
DISTR. – Yemen: Socotra Archipelago, Abd-al-Kuri Island.
U r a m b a Budde-Lund, 1908
Uramba brunnea Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Kenya: “Kajiado”.
Uramba charina Schmölzer, 1974
BIBL. – SCHMÖLZER 1974a (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Cameroon: “Mani (Lower Chari)”.
Uramba maculata Ferrara, 1973
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Bargà”.
Uramba marginalis Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); SCHMÖLZER 1974a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Kenya: Naivasha; Tanzania.
Uramba mus (Budde-Lund, 1898)
SYN. – Lyprobius m., Porcellio m.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898, 1908 (figs.), 1910; ARCANGELI 1941; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “El Dire”; Tanzania: Kibonoto, Zanzibar.
Uramba pruinosa Arcangeli, 1939
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1939a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1998.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Mega”; Somalia.
Uramba somala Arcangeli, 1939
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1939a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Ethiopia: “Neghelli, Mega”.
Uramba triangulifera Budde-Lund, 1910
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1941, 1950b (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Zaire: “Ishango, Kayanza”; Uganda; northern Tanzania; Kenya; Ethiopia: “Sagan
River”.
285
Uropodias bermudensis Richardson, 1902 = nomen dubium
V a n d e l o n i s c e l l u s Tabacaru, 1993
Vandeloniscellus bulgaricus (Vandel, 1967)
SYN. – Cyphoniscellus b.
BIBL. – VANDEL 1967a (figs.); TABACARU 1993a; ANDREEV 2002.
DISTR. – Bulgaria: district Vratza.
V a n d e l o p h i l o s c i a Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978

Vandelophiloscia pfaui Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
Vandeloscia culebrae (Moore, 1901) = Littorophiloscia c.

Vandeloscia orientalis Roman, 1977 = Littorophiloscia culebrae
Vardaroniscus tetraceratus Buturović, 1955 = Cyphoniscellus t.
V e n e z i l l o Verhoeff, 1928
Venezillo aenigma (Barnard, 1932)
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.), 1949; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Cape Province and Natal.
Venezillo agataensis (Nunomura, 1991)
SYN. – Sphaerillo a.
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 1991a (figs.), 1999a; SAITO et alii 2000.
Venezillo aguayoi (Boone, 1934)
SYN. – Cubaris a.
BIBL. – BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; VANDEL 1981 (figs.);
DISTR. – Cuba: “Camoa”.
Venezillo alberti (Barnard, 1932)
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Venezillo albescens (Budde-Lund, 1909)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934a, 1957a; FERRARA &
TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – South Africa: “Port Nolloth”.
Venezillo albus (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Sphaerillo a.
DISTR. – Japan: Shimane Prefecture.
Venezillo alticola (Barnard, 1932)
Venezillo apacheus (Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942)
SYN. – Cubaris a.
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1942 (figs.), 1943; VAN NAME 1942 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a;
Venezillo arizonicus (Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942)
SYN. – Armadillo a., Cubaris a.
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1942 (figs.); VAN NAME 1942 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; WARBURG
1964, 1965b, 1965c, 1968a; ALLRED & MULAIK 1965; HOLDICH 1984 (figs.); SCHULTZ 1984a
(figs.); BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – USA: Arizona.
Venezillo articulatus Mulaik, 1960
286
DISTR. – Mexico: province Guerrero and “Presa de Guadelupe, México”.

Venezillo bananae (Van Name, 1920) = Ctenorillo b.
Venezillo beebei (Van Name, 1924)
SYN. – Cubaris b.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1924 (figs.), 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; VANDEL 1968c (figs.); BOYKO 1997;
Venezillo bellavistanus Schultz, 1995
DISTR. – SE-Paraguay: “Amambay Province”.
Venezillo berlandi (Paulian de Félice, 1940)
SYN. – Diploexochus b.
BIBL. – PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1940a (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983.
DISTR. – Western Sahara (former Rio de Oro): “Villa Cisneros”; NW-Senegal: E Djourbel.
Venezillo bituberculatus (Budde-Lund, 1910)
SYN. – Diploexochus b.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1941, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN
2000.
Venezillo bolivianus (Dollfus, 1897)
SYN. – Armadillo b., Cubaris b.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1897b (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; SCHULTZ 1995a (figs.);
DISTR. – Bolivia: Chaco; Paraguay: Amambay Province.
Venezillo boneti (Mulaik, 1960)
Venezillo boninensis (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Sphaerillo b.
Venezillo booneae (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Cubaris b.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Jamaica: Moneague.
Venezillo brevipalma Nunomura, 2003
BIBL. – NUNOMURA 2003a (figs.).
Venezillo brevispinis (Pearse, 1916)
SYN. – Cubaris b.
BIBL. – PEARSE 1916 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Northern Colombia: region of Santa Marta.
Venezillo cacahuamilpensis (Bilimek, 1867)
SYN. – Armadillo c., Cubaris c., Sphaeroniscus c.
BIBL. – BILIMEK 1867; STUXBERG 1875; BUDDE-LUND 1885; RICHARDSON 1905; VAN NAME 1936;
RIOJA 1954 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; MULAIK 1960; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (V.
cacahuampilensis).
DISTR. – Mexico: region of Mexico City.
Venezillo canariensis (Dollfus, 1893)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893c; BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1930a, 1957a, 1958a; VANDEL
1954k (figs.); HOESE 1984b, 1984c; MACÍAS et alii 2003.
DISTR. – Eastern Canary Islands Fuerteventura and Lanzarote.
Venezillo castor (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo c., Diploexochus c.
Venezillo celsicauda (Barnard, 1932)
Venezillo chamberlini (Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942)
SYN. – Cubaris c.
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1942 (figs.); VAN NAME 1942 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; BOYKO
Venezillo chiapensis Rioja, 1955
287
BIBL. – RIOJA 1955 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Venezillo clausus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo c., Cubaris c., venezuelae, Diploexochus c.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1893, 1904 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1893a; VERHOEFF 1928a (figs.), 1933c,
1941b; VAN NAME 1936, 1942; VANDEL 1952d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; BOYKO 1997;
LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (sub Synarmadillo clausus non Dollfus, 1892); JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Venezuela; Trinidad.
Venezillo colomboi (Arcangeli, 1929)
SYN. – Cubaris c.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1929e (figs.), 1957a; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1972e, 1973f (figs.), 1981;
DISTR. – Cuba: La Habana.
Venezillo coloratus (Barnard, 1932)
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Venezillo congener (Budde-Lund, 1904)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; VILELA et alii 1971; SOUZA-
KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Brazil: Mato Grosso.
Venezillo crassus (Budde-Lund, 1904)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1983 (figs.);
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Gulf of Guinea: islands São Tomé and Principe.
Venezillo culebrae (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Cubaris c.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Desecho Island W Puerto Rico; Culebra Island E Puerto Rico; Virgin
Islands.
Venezillo daitoensis (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Sphaerillo d.
Venezillo disjunctus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo d., Diploexochus d.
Venezillo dollfusi (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo d., Diploexochus d.
Venezillo donanensis (Nunomura, 1992)
SYN. – Sphaerillo d.
Venezillo dorsalis (Iwamoto, 1943)
SYN. – Armadillo d., Sphaerillo d.
BIBL. – IWAMOTO 1943 (figs.); SAITO 1986; NUNOMURA 1990, 1998a, 1999a, 2003d (figs.);
SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Southern Japan.
Venezillo dugesi (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillo d., Cubaris d.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; RICHARDSON 1905; VAN NAME 1936;
ARCANGELI 1957a; MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico.
Venezillo dumorum (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillo d., Cubaris d.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; BUDDE-LUND 1904; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL
1952d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: “Moustique Island”; Windward Islands.
Venezillo elegans (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Sphaerillo e.
Venezillo evergladensis Schultz, 1963 = V. parvus
Venezillo fagei (Paulian de Félice, 1941) = Ctenorillo f.
288
Venezillo festivus (Budde-Lund, 1904)

SYN. – Armadillo f., Diploexochus f.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA &
Venezillo fillolae Rodríguez & Barrientos, 1993
BIBL. – RODRÍGUEZ & BARRIENTOS 1993b (figs.).
Venezillo flavescens (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Armadillo f., Cubaris f., trilobata, Diploexochus f.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; KRAUSS 1843; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.) ; COLLINGE 1917d (figs.);
BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Venezillo furcatus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo f., Diploexochus f.
Venezillo galapagoensis (Miers, 1877)
SYN. – Armadillo g., Cubaris g.
BIBL. – MIERS 1877a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; VAN NAME 1924 (figs.), 1936;
ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Venezillo gigas (Miers, 1877)
BIBL. – MIERS 1877b (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; ?PEARSE 1916;
VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1930b, 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Nicaragua; Costa Rica; ?northern Colombia: Santa Marta.
Venezillo glomus (Budde-Lund, 1898)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1898, 1904, 1908 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Tanzania: Zanzibar.
Venezillo gordoniensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo g., Diploexochus g.
Venezillo grenadensis (Budde-Lund, 1893)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1904; DOLLFUS 1896d; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905, 1912a; ARCANGELI
1929e, 1930b, 1957a; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1952d (figs.), 1981; PAOLETTI 1989;
DISTR. – Costa Rica; Cuba; northern Colombia; northern Venezuela.
REMARKS. – The synonymization of V. ramsdeni with the present species in LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999 seems to be a misunderstanding.
Venezillo hasegawai (Nunomura, 1991)
SYN. – Sphaerillo h.
DISTR. – Japan: “Kozushima Island”.
Venezillo hendersoni (Boone, 1934)
SYN. – Cubaris h.
BIBL. – BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999; FERRARA & PAOLI 2003 (figs.).
DISTR. – Haiti.
Venezillo herscheli (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo h., Diploexochus h.
Venezillo hiurai (Nunomura, 1991)
SYN. – Sphaerillo h.
Venezillo hypsinephes (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo h., Diploexochus h.
Venezillo jamaicensis (Richardson, 1912)
SYN. – Cubaris j.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1912a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
289
DISTR. – Jamaica.
Venezillo kaokoensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo k., Diploexochus k.
DISTR. – Namibia: Kaoko Otavi.
Venezillo kogmani (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo k., Diploexochus k.
Venezillo kunigamiensis (Nunomura, 1991)
SYN. – Sphaerillo k.
Venezillo lacustris Taiti & Ferrara, 1987
DISTR. – Malawi.
Venezillo legai (Arcangeli, 1941) = Ctenorillo l.
Venezillo lepidus Nunomura, 2003
Venezillo liliputanus (Dollfus, 1895) = “Armadillo” l.
Venezillo limenites (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo l., Diploexochus l.
Venezillo lineatus (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Sphaerillo l.
Venezillo llamasi Rioja, 1954
BIBL. – RIOJA 1954 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Mexico: “Puebla”.
Venezillo longipes (Budde-Lund, 1909)
SYN. – Armadillo l., Cubaris l., Diploexochus l.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1924a, 1932; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA
& TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Namibia: Okahandja.
Venezillo longispinis (Richardson, 1912)
SYN. – Cubaris l.
BIBL. – RICHARDSON 1912b (figs.); ARCANGELI 1930b; VAN NAME 1936; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
1999.
DISTR. – Panama.
Venezillo longispinus Nunomura, 2003
Venezillo macrodens (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo m., Bethalus m.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Venezillo macrosoma (Mulaik, 1960)
Venezillo makuae (Barnard, 1932) = “Armadillo” m.
Venezillo meiringi (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo m., Diploexochus m.
“Venezillo” menglaensis Dai & Cai, 1998
DISTR. – SW-China: Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna region.
REMARKS. – Certainly not a member of the genus Venezillo.
Venezillo mexicanus (Verhoeff, 1933)
SYN. – Armadillo m., Cubaris m., Microdillo m.
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933c (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; MULAIK 1960 (figs.);
Venezillo microphthalmus (Arcangeli, 1932)
290

BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1932i (figs.), 1957a; VAN NAME 1936, 1942; MULAIK & MULAIK 1942;
GARTHWAITE et alii 1985; GARTHWAITE & LAWSON 1992; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
Venezillo mineri (Van Name, 1936) = Ctenorillo m.
Venezillo mixtus (Budde-Lund, 1904)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI
Venezillo moneaguensis (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Cubaris m.
DISTR. – Jamaica.
Venezillo montagui (Barnard, 1932)
Venezillo multipunctatus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; DOLLFUS 1893a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a;
Venezillo nanus (Budde-Lund, 1910)
SYN. – Diploexochus n.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1910 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Venezillo natalensis (Collinge, 1917)
SYN. – Armadillo n., Cubaris n.
BIBL. – COLLINGE 1917d (figs.), 1945; BARNARD 1932, 1937; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA
& TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – South Africa: Cape Province and Natal.
Venezillo nebulosus (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo n., Diploexochus n.
Venezillo nevadensis (Mulaik, 1960)
DISTR. – Mexico: province Jalisco.
Venezillo nigricans (Brandt, 1833)
SYN. – Armadillo n., Cubaris n., Diploexochus n.
BIBL. – BRANDT 1833; KRAUSS 1843; BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1895b; BARNARD
1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; VAN NAME 1936; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Venezillo nigrorufus (Dollfus, 1893)
SYN. – Armadillo n., Cubaris n.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893a; BUDDE-LUND 1904; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1952d (figs.), 1963a;
DISTR. – Venezuela: “Victoria”.
Venezillo oaxacanus (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Armadillo o., Cubaris o.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; MULAIK 1960 (figs.); BOYKO 1997;
DISTR. – Mexico: provinces Guerrero, Oaxaca and Morelos.
Venezillo obliquidens (Barnard, 1932) = “Armadillo” o.
Venezillo obscurus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo o., Sphaerillo o., Spherillo o.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904 (figs.); KWON 1995 (figs.); NUNOMURA 1990, 1999a, 2000b,
2004a, 2004b; JEPPESEN 2000; SAITO et alii 2000.
Venezillo oharaensis (Nunomura, 1992)
SYN. – Sphaerillo o.
Venezillo orbicularis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo o., Diploexochus o.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; ?DOLLFUS 1895b; BARNARD 1932; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a;
FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
291

Venezillo orientalis nomen nudum = V. grenadensis
Venezillo orphanus (Barnard, 1932)
Venezillo osorioi (Mulaik, 1960)
SYN. – Armadillo o.
BIBL. – MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (V. “orosioi”).
DISTR. – Mexico: provinces Guerrero and Nuevo León.
Venezillo ovampoensis (Barnard, 1924)
SYN. – Armadillo o., Cubaris o., Diploexochus o.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1924a, 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Namibia: Ovamboland.
Venezillo ovanboensis = “printing mistake” for “Armadillo” vumbaensis
Venezillo pachytos (Barnard, 1932)
Venezillo parvus (Budde-Lund, 1885)
SYN. – Armadillo p., Sphaerillo p., V. evergladensis
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904, 1908, 1912b; DOLLFUS 1893b; SCHULTZ 1963b, 1972b, 1975;
BARNARD 1964; JOHNSON, C. 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985a,
1985b; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1981, 1983b (figs.); TAITI & FERRARA 1983a, 1991b; GREEN
et alii 1990; KWON & TAITI 1993; TAITI & HOWARTH 1996; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; TAITI
1999; JEPPESEN 2000; GREEN et alii 2002; ZIMMER et alii 2002; SCHMIDT 2003 (figs.!!);
SOESBERGEN 2003.
DISTR. – Widespread in tropical and subtropical regions; introduced to European
greenhouses.
Venezillo perlatus (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillo p., Cubaris p.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Windward island St. Vincent or Grenada.
Venezillo phylax (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Cubaris p.
DISTR. – ?Hispaniola: “Cape Macao, east end of Santo Domingo”.
Venezillo pilula (Barnard, 1932)
Venezillo pisum (Budde-Lund, 1885)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1885, 1904; RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a;
BORUTZKY 1972b; SCHULTZ 1972b (figs.); LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
Venezillo pleogoniophorus (Rioja, 1951)
BIBL. – RIOJA 1951a (figs.), 1954 (figs.); MULAIK 1960 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a.
DISTR. – Mexico: province San Luis Potosí.
Venezillo polythele (Barnard, 1932)
Venezillo pongolae (Barnard, 1937)
SYN. – Cubaris p.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1937; ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; LAWRENCE 1977; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
Venezillo pruinosus (Arcangeli, 1950)
SYN. – Pararmadillo p.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1950b (figs.), 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979.
DISTR. – Zaire: “Nyunzu”.
Venezillo pseudoparvus Ferrara & Taiti, 1985
Venezillo pumilus (Budde-Lund, 1893)
292
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1904; VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE
Venezillo pusillus (Budde-Lund, 1909)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); PANNING 1924; BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c,
1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Namibia: Lüderitzbucht; South Africa: Cape Province.
Venezillo quadrimaculatus (Budde-Lund, 1909)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); PANNING 1924; BARNARD 1924a, 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI
1934c, 1957a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979; JEPPESEN 2000.
Venezillo ramsdeni (Boone, 1934)
SYN. – Cubaris p.
BIBL. – BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; VANDEL 1981;
BOYKO 1997.
DISTR. – Cuba.
REMARKS. – The synonymization with V. grenadensis in LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 seems
to be a misunderstanding.
Venezillo regulus (Van Name 1920) = Ctenorillo r.
Venezillo rubropunctatus (Budde-Lund, 1893)
Venezillo rufescens (Budde-Lund, 1909)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1909a (figs.); BARNARD 1932 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1934c, 1957a; FERRARA &
Venezillo russoi (Arcangeli, 1927)
SYN. – Armadillo r., Sphaerillo r.
BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1927b (figs.), 1952e; NUNOMURA 1990, 1999a, 2003d; SAITO et alii 2000.
DISTR. – Japan.
Venezillo saldanhae (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo s., Diploexochus s.
Venezillo salisburyensis (Barnard, 1932) = “Armadillo” s.
Venezillo sanchezi (Boone, 1934)
SYN. – Cubaris s.
BIBL. – BOONE, L. 1934 (figs.); VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; VANDEL 1981;
DISTR. – Cuba: “Vedado”.
Venezillo scaberrimus (Dollfus, 1893)
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1893a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a;
DISTR. – Venezuela: La Guaira.
Venezillo schultzei Verhoeff, 1933
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1933c (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; MULAIK 1960 (figs.);
Venezillo shuriensis (Nunomura, 1990)
Venezillo silvarum (Dollfus, 1896)
ARCANGELI 1957a; VANDEL 1981; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Windward Islands, St. Vincent.
Venezillo similis (Budde-Lund, 1885)
DISTR. – ?Central America.
293
Venezillo soleiformis (Nunomura, 1991)

Venezillo soyatlanensis (Mulaik, 1960)
DISTR. – Mexico: provinces Colima, Tabasco and Jalisco.
Venezillo steenbrasi (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo s., Diploexochus s.
Venezillo stuckchensis (Mulaik, 1960)
Venezillo sylvicola (Mulaik, 1960)
DISTR. – Mexico: province Colima.
Venezillo tanneri (Mulaik & Mulaik, 1942)
SYN. – Cubaris t.
BIBL. – MULAIK & MULAIK 1942 (figs.); VAN NAME 1942 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; SCHULTZ
1965a (figs.).
DISTR. – USA: Texas; Mexico: province Nuevo León.
Venezillo tenerifensis Dalens, 1984
BIBL. – DALENS 1984a (figs.); ZIMMER & TOPP 1999a.
Venezillo tomiyamai (Nunomura, 1991)
SYN. – Sphaerillo t.
Venezillo tradouwi (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo t., Bethalus t.
Venezillo trifolium (Dollfus, 1890)
SYN. – Armadillo t., Diploexochus t.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1890a (figs.); BUDDE-LUND 1904; PAULIAN DE FÉLICE 1946; VANDEL 1954h
(figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; SCHMALFUSS 1982b.
DISTR. – Cape Verde Islands.
Venezillo troglophilus (Vandel, 1955) = Armadillo t.
Venezillo truncorum (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Armadillo t., Cubaris t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1904 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1893a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL
1952d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
Venezillo tuberosus (Budde-Lund, 1904)
SYN. – Armadillo t., Cubaris t.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904 (figs.); KESSELYÁK 1930b; VAN NAME 1936, 1940; VANDEL 1952d;
ARCANGELI 1957a; LEMOS DE CASTRO 1972a; SOUZA-KURY 1998; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999;
JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Haiti; Brazil: Bahía.
Venezillo tugelae (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo t., Diploexochus t.
Venezillo venezuelae (Van Name, 1942) = V. clausus
Venezillo venustus (Budde-Lund, 1893)
SYN. – Armadillo v., Cubaris v.
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1893, 1904 (figs.); DOLLFUS 1893a (figs.); VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL
1952d (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN 2000.
DISTR. – Northern Venezuela: Trinidad.
Venezillo verrucosus (Budde-Lund, 1904)
BIBL. – BUDDE-LUND 1904; VAN NAME 1936; VANDEL 1952d; ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW &
DISTR. – Ecuador: Guayaquil.
Venezillo vincentis (Budde-Lund, 1904)
294
SYN. – Armadillo cinctus Dollfus, 1896 (non BUDDE-LUND 1896, nomen praeocc.), v., Cubaris
cincta, v.
BIBL. – DOLLFUS 1896d (figs.); RICHARDSON 1901, 1905; BUDDE-LUND 1904; ?PEARSE 1916; VAN
NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1937, 1957a; VANDEL 1952d; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999; JEPPESEN
2000.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Windward Islands, St. Vincent; ?northern Colombia: Santa Marta.
Venezillo viticolus (Dollfus, 1896)
VANDEL 1952d; ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: island of Grenada.
Venezillo walkeri (Pearse, 1911)
SYN. – Armadillo w., Cubaris w.
BIBL. – PEARSE 1911; VAN NAME 1936; ARCANGELI 1957a; MULAIK 1960 (figs.); LEISTIKOW &
WÄGELE 1999.
Venezillo watsoni (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Cubaris w.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936 (figs.); ARCANGELI 1957a; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999 (C.
“wartoni”).
DISTR. – Jamaica: Mandeville.
Venezillo wheeleri (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Cubaris w.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Culebra Island east of Puerto Rico.
Venezillo yaeyamanus (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Sphaerillo y.
Venezillo yonaguniensis (Nunomura, 1990)
SYN. – Sphaerillo y.
Venezillo zigzag (Dollfus, 1896)
SYN. – Armadillo z., Cubaris z.
VANDEL 1952d; ARCANGELI 1957a; LEISTIKOW & WÄGELE 1999.
DISTR. – Caribbean: Windward Islands, St. Vincent.
Venezillo zonalis (Nunomura, 1991)
SYN. – Sphaerillo z.
DISTR. – Japan: “Danjo Island”.
Venezillo zwartbergensis (Barnard, 1932)
SYN. – Armadillo z., Diploexochus z.
W a h r b e r g i a Verhoeff, 1926
Wahrbergia sarasini Verhoeff, 1926
X e r o n i s c u s Ferrara & Taiti, 1990

Xeroniscus angusticauda Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1990b (figs.), 1996a; TAITI & FERRARA 2004.
DISTR. – SW-Yemen and Socotra Island.
Xeroniscus bicoloratus (Barnard, 1941)
SYN. – Periscyphis b.
BIBL. – BARNARD 1941; FERRARA & TAITI 1986c (figs.), 1990b (figs.), 1996a.
DISTR. – SW-Yemen.
Xeroniscus brevicaudatus (Ferrara, 1973)
SYN. – Periscyphis b.
BIBL. – FERRARA 1973a (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1990b (figs.), 1998; FERRARA & PAOLI
2003 (figs.).
295

Xeroniscus erythraeus (Ferrara, 1972)
SYN. – Periscyphis e.
BIBL. – FERRARA 1972a (figs.), 1973a; FERRARA & TAITI 1979, 1986c (figs.), 1990b (figs.).
DISTR. – Eritrea.
Xeroniscus nogalensis Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1990b (figs.), 1998.
DISTR. – Northern Somalia.
Xeroniscus penicilliger Ferrara & Taiti, 1990
BIBL. – FERRARA & TAITI 1990b (figs.), 1998.
DISTR. – NW-Somalia.
Xeroniscus sulcatus Ferrara & Taiti, 1996
DISTR. – Yemen: “Al Mahwit”.
Xeroniscus troglophilus Taiti, Ferrara & Davolos, 2000
DISTR. – Northern Oman.
X e r o p o r c e l l i o Strouhal, 1954
Xeroporcellio pandazisi Strouhal, 1954
SYN. – Kefalloniscus hauseri
BIBL. – STROUHAL 1954b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS 1979b, 1986c (figs.), 1995 (figs.), 1999.
DISTR. – Greece: northwestern mainland and Ionian island Kefaloniá.
X e s t o d i l l o Verhoeff, 1926
Xestodillo lifouensis Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Sphaerillo l., Spherillo l.
DISTR. – Melanesia: New Hebrides and Loyalty Islands.
Xestodillo politus Verhoeff, 1926
SYN. – Sphaerillo p., Spherillo p.
Xestodillo zebricolor (Stebbing, 1900)
SYN. – Cubaris z., Sphaerillo z., Spherillo z.
BIBL. – STEBBING 1900b (figs.); VERHOEFF 1926 (figs.); JACKSON 1941; TAITI et alii 1998.
DISTR. – New Caledonia; Loyalty Islands.
Xilitloniscus laevis (Rioja, 1956) = Mexiconiscus l.
X i p h o n i s c u s Vandel, 1968
Xiphoniscus mirabilis Vandel, 1968
BIBL. – VANDEL 1968c (figs.); LEISTIKOW 2000c (figs.).
Y a e r i k i m a Leistikow, 2001
Yaerikima kartaboana (Van Name, 1936)
SYN. – Philoscia k.
BIBL. – VAN NAME 1936; BOYKO 1997; LEISTIKOW 2001f (figs.).
DISTR. – Guyana: Kamakusa.
Z e b r a s c i a Verhoeff, 1942
Zebrascia buddelundi Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
BIBL. – SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.), 1982; TAITI & FERRARA 1980a; FERRARA &
SCHMALFUSS 1983.
Zebrascia longicornis Verhoeff, 1942
BIBL. – VERHOEFF 1942b (figs.); SCHMALFUSS & FERRARA 1978 (figs.); FERRARA & TAITI 1979;
TAITI & FERRARA 1980a (figs.).
DISTR. – Ivory Coast; SW-Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea: island Bioko (= Fernando Poo).
Zebrascia plurimaculata Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978
296

Zia agilis C. Koch, 1841 = Ligidium hypnorum

Zia melanocephala C. Koch, 1841 = Ligidium hypnorum
Zia paludicola C. Koch, 1841 = Ligidium hypnorum
Zia saundersi Stebbing, 1873 = Ligidium hypnorum
3 References
A bibliography of terrestrial isopods has been published separately as no. 639 of the present
journal (SCHMALFUSS & WOLF-SCHWENNINGER 2002); this bibliography has to be used as reference
list for the catalog.
Author’s address:
Dr. HELMUT SCHMALFUSS, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart,
Germany; e-mail: schmalfuss.smns@naturkundemuseum-bw.de

Catalog of Terrestrial Isopods

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World catalog of terrestrial isopods

Revised and updated version of the following hard-copy publication:

SCHMALFUSS, H. (2003): World catalog of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea). –

SCHMALFUSS, H. & WOLF-SCHWENNINGER, K. (2002): A bibliography of terrestrial isopods

been extensively investigated beyond systematics and zoogeography the bibliographies

2 List of genera and species

Valid taxa are printed in bold type.

Acaeroplastes syriacus Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967

DISTR. – New Zealand: North and South Island.

Actoniscus ellipticus Harger, 1878 = Armadilloniscus e.

DISTR. – Southern India: Anamalai Hills.

A e t h i o p o d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

A e t h i o p o p a c t e s Ferrara & Taiti, 1982

Genus Afrophiloscia = Genus Anchiphiloscia (compare FERRARA & TAITI 1986b)

Agnara hispida (Collinge, 1915)

A l b e r t o s p h a e r a Caruso & Lombardo, 1983

BIBL. – ARCANGELI 1960a (figs.).

Alpioniscus absoloni (Strouhal, 1939)

A m a z o n i s c u s Lemos de Castro, 1967

Amazoniscus arlei Lemos de Castro, 1967

Crinocheta: family Armadillidae

Anchiphiloscia longisetosa (Ferrara & Taiti, 1982)

Genus Andriphiloscia (printing mistake) = Genus Andricophiloscia

Androniscus montellensis Verhoeff, 1930 = A. noduliger

Anexopoditius fissus Verhoeff, 1942 = Microcercus anomalus

Angara hirta (Aubert & Dollfus, 1890) = Agabiformius lentus

A n k a r a t r i d i u m Paulian de Félice, 1950

A n n o b o d i l l o Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983

Genus Anomaloniscus = Genus Alloniscus

Antennulonethes nitidus Verhoeff & Strouhal, 1967 = Trichonethes kosswigi

Antroniscus balamensis Mulaik, 1960 = Cylindroniscus maya (compare SCHULTZ 1970b)

Aphiloscia fusca Ferrara, Paoli & Taiti, 1994

Araucoscia chilenica Verhoeff, 1939 = Pseudophiloscia chilenica

A r c a n g e l o s c i a Taiti & Ferrara, 1980

DISTR. – SW-Cameroon: Mount Cameroon region.

BIBL. – FRANKENBERGER 1941b (figs.); VANDEL 1948f; SCHMÖLZER 1965b.

REMARKS. – The species is not a synonym of A. anconanum as suggested by ARCANGELI

REMARKS. – According to the morphological differences epiroticum should, in my view, be

DISTR. – Greece: north and central Aegean islands.

Armadillidium mohamedanicum Verhoeff, 1929

Orig. descr.: KOCH, C. 1841 (Armadillo o.).

Syst.: BUDDE-LUND 1885; VANDEL 1962b; GRUNER 1966a.

DISTR. – Maltese Islands.

Ontog.: HATCHETT 1947; LAWLOR 1976a.

Armadillo acapulcensis Mulaik, 1960 = Cubaris a.

Armadillo caeruleus Collinge, 1914 = Cubaris c.

Armadillo floresianus Dollfus, 1898 = Spherillo f. (compare BUDDE-LUND 1904)

Armadillo longipes Budde-Lund, 1909 = Venezillo l.

Orig. descr.: DUMÉRIL 1816.

Armadillo rectifrons Dollfus, 1898 = Dryadillo r.

DISTR. – Greece: southern Aegean islands; SW-Turkey.

Armadilloniscus coronocapitalis Menzies, 1950

DISTR. – Malaysia: Melaka State.

A t l a n t o s c i a Ferrara & Taiti, 1981

Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 = A. floridana

Atlantotrichus leptotrichoides (Arcangeli, 1942) = Leptotrichus l.

A u l a c o n i s c u s Taiti & Howarth, 1997

Australiodillo setosus Lewis, 1998

B a r n a r d i l l o Taiti, Paoli & Ferrara, 1998

B a r n a r d o s c i a Taiti & Ferrara, 1982

Benthana santosi Lemos de Castro, 1958