Nomenclature of Acids and Bases ws #1

Name or write formulas for the following acids and bases:

1. nitric acid 2. hydrobromic acid

3. Mg(OH)2 4. HF

5. NH3 6. H2CO3

7. hydrosulfuric acid 8. phosphoric acid

9. potassium hydroxide 10. percarbonic acid

11. nitrous acid 12. LiOH

13. hypochlorous acid 14. H3PO5

15. CH3COOH 16. HBr

17. sulfurous acid 18. HClO

19. H2SO4 20. perphosphoric acid

 Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs ws #2

For each of the following reactions, label the acid (a), base (b), conjugate acid (ca) and conjugate base
(cb).

1. NH3(g) + H3O+(aq)  NH4+(aq) + H2O(l)

2. CH3OH(l) + NH2-(aq)  CH3O-(aq) + NH3(g)

3. OH-(aq) + H3O+(aq)  H2O(l) + H2O(l)

4. NH2-(aq) + H2O(l)  NH3(g) + OH-(aq)

5. H2O(l) + HClO4(aq)  H3O+(aq) + ClO4-(aq)

6. HNO3(aq) + H2O(l)  NO3-(aq) + H3O+(aq)

7. HBr(aq) + NH3(g)  NH4+(aq) + Br-(aq)

8. H2O(l) + CO32-(aq)  OH-(aq) + HCO3-(aq)

 BrØnsted-Lowry Acid-Base Reactions ws #3

Predict the products for each reaction that follows and label the acid (a), base (b), conjugate acid (ca) and
conjugate base (cb). Charge must be conserved in the balanced equation.

1. HNO2(aq) + Cl-(aq) 

2. CH3COOH(aq) + SO42-(aq) 

3. H2S(aq) + NO2-(aq) 

4. HCO3-(aq) + S2-(aq) 

5. CO32-(aq) + H2O(l) 

6. NO2-(aq) + H2C2O4(aq) 
 BrØnsted-Lowry Acid-Base Reactions ws #4

In each case:
 Predict the products of each reaction.
 Specify the two acids and two bases involved (a, b, ca, cb)
 Specify the weaker of the two acids and the weaker of the two bases.
 Indicate whether the reactants (reverse reaction) or products (forward reaction) are favored

1. H3PO4 + CH3COO- ↔

2. CH3COO- + HSO4- ↔

3. HSO4- + CO32- ↔

4. SO32- + NH4+ ↔

5. HO2- + H2CO3 ↔

6. HPO42- + S2- ↔

7. HSO4- + HCO3- ↔

8. HSO3- + HC2O4- ↔
 Kw Calculations ws #5

Determine the following:

[H+] [OH-] Kw
1. a) 1.0 x 10-4 mol/L ______________ ______________
b) 1.0 x 10-9 mol/L ______________ ______________

[OH-] [H+] Kw
2. a) 1.0 x 10-1 mol/L ______________ ______________
b) 1.0 x 10-2 mol/L ______________ ______________

[H+] [OH-] Kw
3. a) 0.0020 mol/L ______________ ______________
b) 0.006 mol/L ______________ ______________

[OH-] [H+] Kw
4. a) 0.010 mol/L ______________ ______________
b) 0.025 mol/L ______________ ______________

5. Find the hydroxide ion concentration given that the hydrogen ion concentration is
1.0 x 10-4 mol/L. Is the solution acidic, basic or neutral?

6. Find the hydrogen ion concentration given that the hydroxide ion concentration is
0.000 000 08 mol/L. Is the solution acidic, basic or neutral?

7. The [H+] in a nitric acid solution is 0.0020 mol/L. Write the equation for the
dissociation of nitric acid. What is the [OH-]?

8. The [OH-] in a sodium hydroxide solution is 0.050 mol/L. Write the equation for the
 dissociation of sodium hydroxide. What is the [H+]?

9. 0.25 mol of hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in 2.0 L of water. Write the equation
for the dissociation of the gas. Determine the [H+] and [OH-].

10. 10.0 g of lithium hydroxide is dissolved in 750 ml of solution. Write the equation for
the dissociation. Calculate the [H+] and [OH-].

11. 10.0 g of calcium hydroxide is dissolved in 400 ml of solution. Write the equation for
the dissociation. Calculate [H+] and [OH-].

12. Calculate the [H+] found in milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2, that has [OH-] = 1.43 x 10-4 mol/L.

pH Calculations ws #6
1. Determine the pH of the following values:

a) [H+] = 1.0 x 10-6 mol/L __________________

b) [H+] = 1.0 x 10-8 mol/L __________________

2. Determine the pH of the following values:

a) [H+] = 2.0 x 10-3 mol/L __________________

b) [H+] = 3.5 x 10-4 mol/L __________________

3. Determine the [H+] of the following:

a) pH = 7 __________________
b) pH = 13 __________________

4. Determine the [H+] of the following:

a) pH = 3.4 __________________
b) pH = 13.8 __________________

5. Determine the pOH of the following:

a) pH = 5.4 ___________________
b) pH = 12.6 ___________________

6. Given the following information, is the substance acidic basic or neutral?

a) pH = 14 ___________________
b) pH = 7.0 ___________________
c) pH = 5.3 ___________________

7. Given the following information, determine the pOH of the solution. Is the
substance acidic basic or neutral?

a) pH = 13.1 ______________________
b) pH = 1.6 ______________________

8. Determine the concentration of the [H+] ions and the [OH-] ions:

a) pH = 4.1 [H+] _____________ [OH-] _______________

b) pH = 9.2 [H+] _____________ [OH-] _______________
pH Worksheet ws #7
 1. Calculate the pH values when:

a) [H+] = 4.5 x 10-4 mol/L

b) [OH-] = 2.5 x 10-4 mol/L

c) 0.0025 mol/L solution of HNO3 (dissociate the acid first)

d) 0.050 mol/L solution of NaOH (dissociate the base first)

2. Calculate [H+] when:

a) pH = 4.0

b) pH = 6.5

c) pH = 12.8

3. Calculate [OH-] when:

a) pH = 10.0

b) pH = 8.8

c) pH = 5.1
4. Calculate pH and pOH for the following solutions:
 a) [H+] = 1.0 x 10-5 mol/L b) [OH-] = 3.0 x 10-8 mol/L

c) [H+] = 2.5 x 10-2 mol/L d) [OH-] = 7.5 x 10-3 mol/L

5. Calculate [H+] and [OH-] for the following:

a) pH = 3.0 b) pOH = 2.60

c) pOH = 5.63 d) pH = 7.51

6. Solution A is prepared with a pH of 2.50, and solution B is prepared with a pH of 5.00. How
many times more acidic is solution A than solution B? Support your answer with
calculations.

Acid & Base Ionization ws #8

 I. Write the ionization equations for the following acids and bases. If the acid is polyprotic,
write the stepwise ionization.

II. Write the Ka expressions (for weak acids only) and Kb expressions (for weak bases only).

1. HC2H3O2

2. NaOH

3. H2SO3

4. H3P

5. HCl

6. NH3

7. H3PO4

8. CH3NH2
 Ka, Kb and Percent Dissociation ws #9

1. Calculate the concentration of all species in a 0.70 mol/L solution of HNO3, a strong acid.

2. Determine the concentration of [H+] in a 0.90 mol/L solution of a weak acid H2S. Ka = 9.1 x 10-8.

3. Find the concentration of all species in a 0.10 mol/L solution of NaOH, a strong base.

4. Calculate the concentration of all species in a 0.50 mol/L solution of a weak acid, H2CO3.
Ka = 4.3 x 10-7.

5. Calculate the concentration of [OH-] in a 0.75 mol/L solution of Ca(OH)2, a strong base.

6. Find the concentration of [H+] in a 0.86 mol/L solution of a weak acid H2O2 if Ka = 2.4 x 10-12.
7. If [H+] = 1.0 x 10-4 mol/L in a 0.75 mol/L solution of a weak base, CH3NH2, calculate the Kb.

8. Determine the Ka for an acid, HA, if a 0.45 mol/L solution is dissociated 0.025%.

9. Calculate the concentration of all species in a 0.250 mol/L HBr, a strong acid.

10. If [OH-] = 4.5 x 10 -10 mol/L, calculate the Ka for a weak acid in a solution of 0.800 mol/L
of an acid, HB.

11. Determine the concentration of all species plus the percent dissociation in a
0.60 mol/L ammonia solution. Kb = 1.8 x 10-5
 Ka, Kb, and % Dissociation, with pH/pOH ws #10

1. A solution is made by dissolving 0.016 mol of HX in enough water to make 40.0 mL of

solution. Calculate the concentration of all species, the % dissociation and the pH if
Ka = 4.0 x 10-8.

2. At 25oC a 0.010 mol/L ammonia solution is 4.3% ionized. Calculate the concentration
of the [OH-] ions as well as the Kb.

3. 3.4 g of ammonia are dissolved in water to make 500.0 mL of solution. Calculate the
[H+] and the % dissociation. Use the Kb from question 2.

4. Calculate the Ka and the hydrogen ion concentration in a 0.31 mol/L solution of HClO
which has a pH of 4.0.
5. Calculate the Ka and the pH of a 1.0 mol/L hydrofluoric HF acid solution which has
undergone 2.5% dissociation.

6. Calculate the Ka and percent dissociation of a 10.4 mol/L phosphoric acid solution if the
hydroxide ion concentration is 2.5 x 10-12 mol/L.

7. Ammonia is a weak base. Calculate the Kb for a 0.50 mol/L ammonia solution that has a
pOH of 6.2.

8. The pH of a 0.50 mol/L HNO2 solution is 1.83. What is the Ka of the acid?
 Neutralization Reactions ws #11

Write the complete set of reactions that occur when the following acid and bases are reacted.
(i.e. molecular, ionic and net ionic)

1. Sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide

2. Nitric acid and calcium hydroxide

3. Phosphoric acid and lithium hydroxide

4. Sulfuric acid and aluminum hydroxide.

 Neutralization Calculations ws #12

1. What volume of water must be added to 25.0 mL of 6.00 mol/L H2SO4 to give a
1.00 mol/L solution? (dilution review: C1V1 = C2V2)

2. What will be the concentration of the resulting solution if 75.0 mL of 0.0260 mol/L
NaOH is added to 60.0 mL of 0.0340 mol/L NaOH solution?
(mixing review C = C1V1 + C2V2)
V1 + V2

3. What volume of 0.150 mol/L NaOH is needed to neutralize 125.0 mL of 0.450 mol/L
HCl?

4. Determine the volume of 0.750 mol/L LiOH solution required to neutralize 56.0 mL
of 0.350 mol/L H2SO4.
 5. Calculate the concentration of the acid, if 25.0 mL of H3PO4 is required to neutralize
19.0 mL of 0.830 mol/L KOH.

6. Find the volume of 0.6000 mol/L HCl acid required to neutralize 12.50 mL of
0.3600 mol/L Ca(OH)2.

7. Calculate the volume of 2.50 mol/L H2SO4 acid required to neutralize a solution of
2.50 g of NaOH?

8. The neutralization of 0.900 g of an unknown monoprotic solid acid required 30.00 ml

of
0.150 mol/L NaOH to neutralize it. Calculate the molar mass of the acid.

9. What mass of solid Ba(OH)2 can neutralize 75.0 ml of 0.250 mol/L H3PO4 acid?
 Titration Problems ws #13

1. Determine the volume of 0.04 mol/L NaOH solution required to neutralize 50 ml of

1.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution.

2. In a titration experiment 0.010 mol/L NaOH solution is titrated with 10.0 ml of

HCl solution. If it takes 8.3 ml of the base to reach the end point, what is the [HCl]?

3. 50.0 ml of HNO3 solution are titrated with 25.0 mol/L KOH solution. The indicator
changes color when 60.0 ml of KOH have been added. What is the [HNO3]?

4. 10.0 ml of H2SO4 solution is needed to react with 55 ml of 0.20 mol/L NaOH solution.
What is the [H2SO4]?

5. In the titration of an HX solution with 0.50 NaOH mol/L, it requires 12.5 ml of the base to
reach the end point. If the H+ solution used in the titration was prepared by dissolving
0.95 g in some water, what is the molar mass of HX?
 Titration Curves ws #14

A student pipetted 25.0 mL of an aqueous solution of an unknown acid into a conical flask, added
25 mL of water, and then titrated the resulting mixture with a standard 0.0985 mol/L solution of
aqueous sodium hydroxide, measuring the pH after each addition. The above graph shows the
titration curve obtained.

Using this graph, answer the following questions:

1. What was the concentration of the unknown acid solution?

2. What would be a suitable indicator for this solution?

3. Assuming the unknown weak acid is a weak, monoprotic acid, estimate its Ka value.
 Titration Curves ws #15

A student weighed 0.225 g of a solid acid into a conical flask, added about 50 mL of water, and
then titrated the resulting mixture with a standard 0.1245 mol/L solution of aqueous sodium
hydroxide, measuring the pH after each addition. The above graph shows the titration curve
obtained.

Using this graph, answer the following questions:

1. What would be a suitable indicator for this solution?

2. Assuming the unknown weak acid is a weak, monoprotic acid, estimate its Ka value.

3. Estimate the molar mass of the acid.

4. Would the results obtained have been different if she added 100 mL of water? Explain.
 Titration Curves ws #16

A student weighed 0.0165 g of a solid unknown base into a conical flask, added about 100 mL of
water, and then titrated the resulting mixture with a standard 0.02635 mol/L solution of
hydrochloric acid, measuring the pH after each addition. The above graph shows the titration
curve obtained.

Using this graph, answer the following questions:

1. What would be a suitable indicator for this solution?

2. Assuming the unknown base is a weak, monoprotic base, estimate its Kb value. Also
estimate the Ka of the conjugate acid.

3. Estimate the molar mass of the unknown base.

 Buffer Problems ws #17

1. Describe how you would prepare a buffer solution.

2. What is the function of a buffer solution?

3. a) Write the formula for nitrous acid.

b) Make up a buffer solution with nitrous acid (i.e. choose a soluble salt to pair with nitrous
acid to create a buffer team).

c) Write the buffer equilibrium equation for nitrous acid.

d) Show that you know how a buffer works to limit changes in pH by writing net ionic
equations to show what happens when a strong acid (HNO3) and a strong base (KOH) is
added to the buffer solution.
4. Repeat question 3 with the following weak acids: H2O2, HCN, H3PO4.

5. Would HCl/NaCl be a suitable buffer system? Explain why or why not.

6. List any salt that could be added to formic acid (HCOOH) to produce a buffer solution (acidic
hydrogen in bold).
AP Only (#7, #8)

7. Calculate the pH of a buffer system made up of 2.0M CH3COOH/2.0M CH3COONa.

(Hint: Use the Ka expression for the equilibrium equation representing the buffer and look up
the Ka value for the acid. Then solve for [H+] and covert to pH). What do you notice about
the value for Ka?

8. What is the pH of a carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer where the acid is 0.10 mol/L and the
conjugate base is 0.15 mol/L. Why doesn’t Ka = [H+] this time?