PEREKA CIPTA DAN BARANG REKAANNYA

Vitaly Mikhaylovich Abalakov, (1906-1986), Russia camming devices, Abalakov thread (or V-thread) gearless ice climbing anchor. Hovannes Adamian, (1879-1932), Armenia/Russia tricolor principle of the color television Robert Adler, (1913-2007), Austria/United States wireless remote control Turhan Alelik (c. 2006), Turkey non-glaring headlamp Rostislav Alexeyev, (1916-1980) , Russia Ekranoplan. Mary Anderson, (18661953), United States windshield wiper blade Archimedes, (c. 287-212 BC), Greece Archimedes' screw Ami Argand, (1750-1803), France Argand lamp Edwin H. Armstrong,(1890-1954), U.S. FM radio William George Armstrong, (1810-1900), UK hydraulic crane Neil Arnott, (1788-1874), UK waterbed Lev Artsimovich, (1909-1973), Russia Tokamak Al-Ashraf, (fl. 1282-1296), Yemen dry compass Joseph Aspdin, (1788-1855), England Portland cement John Vincent Atanasoff, (1903-1995), United States modern programmable computer Charles Babbage, (1791-1871), UK analytical engine (semi-automatic computer) Roger Bacon, (1214-1292), England magnifying glass Leo Baekeland, (1863-1944), BelgianAmerican Velox photographic paper and Bakelite Ralph H. Baer, (1922-), German born American video game console Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi, (11621231), Iraq/Egypt ventilator John Logie Baird, (1888-1946), Scotland an electromechanical television Ibn al-Baitar, (d. 1248), Islamic Spain three hundred drugs and foods, cancer therapy, pharmacotherapy, Hindiba, pharmacopoeia Abi Bakr of Isfahan, (c. 1235), Persia mechanical geared astrolabe with lunisolar calendar analog computer Donat Banki, (1859-1922), Hungary inventor of the carburetor John Bardeen, (1908-1991), U.S. co-inventor of the transistor Anthony R. Barringer Canadian American INPUT (Induced Pulse Transient) airborne electromagnetic system Earl W. Bascom, (1906-1995), Canada and United States side-delivery rodeo chute, hornless rodeo saddle, rodeo bareback rigging, rodeo chaps Ibn Bassal, (fl. 1038-1075), Islamic Spain flywheel, flywheel-driven noria, flywheeldriven saqiya chain pump

Muhammad ibn Jbir al-Harrn al-Battn (Albatenius), (853-929), Syria/Turkey observation tube Eugen Baumann, (1846-1896), Germany PVC Trevor Baylis, (1937-), UK a wind-up radio Francis Beaufort, (1774-1857), France Beaufort scale Arnold O. Beckman, (1900-2004), U.S. pH meter Ulugh Beg, 1394-1449, |Persia Fakhri sextant, mural sextant Alexander Graham Bell, (1847-1922), Canada, Scotland, and U.S. telephone Karl Benz, (1844-1929), Germany the petrol-powered automobile Emile Berliner, (1851-1929), Germany and U.S. the disc record gramophone Tim Berners-Lee, (1955-), UK with Robert Cailliau, the World Wide Web Abu Mansoor Nizar al-Aziz Billah, (955996), Egypt airmail, homing pigeon Bi Sheng (Chinese: ), (ca. 990-1051), China clay movable type printing Laszlo Biro, (1899-1985), Hungary modern ballpoint pen Clarence Birdseye, (1886-1956), U.S. frozen food process Ab Rayhn al-Brn, (973-1048), Persia mechanical geared lunisolar calendar analog computer, fixed-wired knowledge processing machine, conical measure, laboratory flask, Orthographical astrolabe, hodometer, pycnometer J. Stuart Blackton, (1875-1941), U.S. stop-motion film Otto Blathy (1860-1939), Hungary co-inventor of the transformer, wattmeter, alternating current (AC) and turbogenerator Katharine B. Blodgett, (1898-1979), UK nonreflective glass Nils Bohlin, (1920-2002), Sweden the three-point seat belt Joseph-Armand Bombardier, (1907-1964), Canada snowmobile Bose, Jagdish Chandra, (1858 1937), India Crescograph Robert W. Bower, (1936-), U.S. self-alignedgate MOSFET Seth Boyden, (1788-1870), U.S. nail-making machine Walter Houser Brattain, (1902-1987), U.S. co-inventor of the transistor Louis Braille, (1809-1852), France the Braille writing system Karl Ferdinand Braun, (1850-1918), Germany cathode-ray tube oscilloscope Harry Brearley, (1871-1948), UK stainless steel Sergey Brin, (1973-), Russia/U.S. with Larry Page invented Google web search engine Rachel Fuller Brown, (18981980), U.S., Nystatin, the world's first antifungal antibiotic John Moses Browning, (1855-1926), U.S. automatic handgun Edwin Beard Budding, (1795-1846), UK lawnmower Corliss Orville Burandt, U.S. Variable valve timing Robert Cailliau, (1947 ), Belgium with Tim Berners-Lee, the World Wide Web C`ai Lun, (50 AD - 121), China paper Marvin Camras, (1916 - 1995), U.S. magnetic recording Chester Carlson, (1906 - 1968), U.S. Xerography

Wallace Carothers, (1896 - 1937), U.S. Nylon Hezarfen Ahmet Celebi, (fl. 1630-1632), long-distance flight, artificial wings Lagari Hasan elebi, (fl. 1633-1640), Turkey manned rocket, artificially-powered aircraft, rocket aircraft Joseph Constantine Carpue, (1764 - 1846), France rhinoplastic surgery George Cayley, (1773 - 1857), (UK) glider, tension-spoke wheels, Caterpillar track Roxey Ann Caplin, (1793 - 1888) Corsets Adrian Chernoff, (1971 -), U.S. GM Autonomy, GM Hy-wire, Rubber Bandits Evgeniy Chertanovskiy, Russia - Skafander Niels Christensen (1865 - 1952), U.S. O-ring Samuel Hunter Christie, (1784 - 1865), UK Wheatstone bridge Juan de la Cierva, (1895 - 1936), Spain the autogyro Alexandru Ciurcu, (1854 - 1922), Romania Reaction engine Georges Claude, (1870 - 1960), France neon lamp Henri Coand, (1886 - 1972), Romania Jet engine Josephine Cochrane, (1839 - 1913), U.S. dishwasher Christopher Cockerell, (1910 - 1999), UK Hovercraft Aeneas Coffey, (1780 - 1852), Ireland, heat exchanger, inventor of the Coffey still George Constantinescu, (1881 - 1965), Romania Interrupter gear Lloyd Groff Copeman, (1865 - 1956), U.S. Electric stove Cornelis Corneliszoon, (1550 - 1607), The Netherlands sawmill Jacques Cousteau, (1910 - 1997), France co-inventor of the aqualung and the Nikonos underwater camera Holger Crafoord, (1908 - 1982), Sweden inventor of the artificial kidney Thomas Crapper, (1836 - 1910), England, plumber. Bartolomeo Cristofori, (1655 - 1731), Italy piano Jnos Csonka, (1852 - 1939), Hungary co-inventor of carburetor Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, (1725 - 1804), France first steam-powered road vehicle William Cumberland Cruikshank, (1745 - 1800), UK chlorinated water William Cullen, (1710 - 1790), UK first artificial refrigerator Glenn Curtiss, (1878 - 1930), U.S. ailerons Gustaf Daln, (1869-1937), Sweden AGA cooker; Daln light; Agamassan Salvino D'Armate, (?-?), Italy credited for inventing eyeglasses in 1284 Jacob Davis, (1868-1908), U.S. riveted jeans Edmund Davy, (1785-1857), Ireland acetylene Humphry Davy, (1778-1829), UK Davy miners lamp Joseph Day, (1855-1946), UK the crankcase-compression two-stroke engine Lee DeForest, (1873-1961), U.S. triode Miksa Deri (1854-1938), Hungary co-inventor of an improved closed-core transformer James Dewar, (1842-1923), UK Thermos flask

William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, (1860-1935), UK motion picture camera Philip Diehl, (1847-1913), U.S. Ceiling fan, electric sewing machine Rudolf Diesel, (1858-1913), Germany Diesel engine Taqi al-Din, (15261585), Syria/Egypt/Turkey steam turbine, smoke jack, sixcylinder 'Monobloc' suction pump, mechanical alarm clock, spring-powered pocket watch measured in minutes, spring-powered astronomical clock measured in minutes and seconds, framed sextant Al-Dinawari, (828-896), Persia more than a hundred plant drugs William H. Dobelle, (1943-2004), United States first functioning artificial eye Bryan Donkin, (1768-1855), UK print industry composition roller Hub van Doorne, (1900-1979), Netherlands, Variomatic continuously variable transmission Anastase Dragomir, (1896-1966), Romania Ejection seat Karl Drais, (1785-1851), Germany dandy horse (Draisine) Cornelius Drebbel, (1572-1633), The Netherlands first navigable submarine Richard Drew, (1899-1980), U.S. Masking tape John Boyd Dunlop, (1840-1921) UK first practical pneumatic tyre James Dyson, (1947- ) UK Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, incorporating the principles of cyclonic separation. George Eastman, (1854-1932), U.S. roll film Thomas Edison, (1847-1931), U.S. phonograph, commercially practical light bulb, motion picture projector, stock ticker, etc Willem Einthoven, (1860-1927), The Netherlands the electrocardiogram Rune Elmqvist, (1857-1924), Sweden implantable pacemaker Douglas Engelbart, (1925-), U.S. the computer mouse [1] John Ericsson, (1803-1889), Sweden the two screw-propeller Lars Magnus Ericsson, (1846-1926), Sweden the handheld micro telephone Ole Evinrude, (1877-1934), Norway outboard motor Samuel Face, (1923-2001), U.S. concrete flatness/levelness technology; Lightning Switch Michael Faraday, (1791-1867), England electric transformer Johann Maria Farina, (16851766), Germany; Eau de Cologne Philo Farnsworth, (1906-1971), U.S. electronic television Muhammad al-Fazari, (d. 796/806), Iraq or Persia brass astrolabe Svyatoslav Fyodorov, (1927-2000), Russia radial keratotomy James Fergason, (1934-), U.S. improved liquid crystal display Enrico Fermi, (1901-1954), Italy nuclear reactor Humberto Fernndez Morn, (1924-1999), Venezuela Diamond scalpel, Ultra microtome Reginald Fessenden, (1866-1932), Canada two-way radio Adolf Eugen Fick, (1829-1901), Germany contact lens

Fatima al-Fihri, (c. 859), Tunisia/Morocco university Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman), (810-887), Islamic Spain eye glasses, parachute, hang glider, artificial wings, controlled flight, watch, fused quartz and silica glass, artificial thunder and lightning, metronome Artur Fischer, (1919) Germany fasteners including fischertechnik. Gerhard Fischer, Germany/U.S. hand-held metal detector Alexander Fleming, (1881-1955), Scotland penicillin John Ambrose Fleming, (1848-1945), England vacuum diode Sandford Fleming, (1827-1915), Canada Universal Standard Time Tommy Flowers, (1905-1998), England Colossus an early electronic computer. Jean Bernard Lon Foucault, (1819-1868), France Foucault pendulum, gyroscope, eddy current Benot Fourneyron, (1802-1867), France water turbine John Fowler, (1826-1864), England steam-driven ploughing engine Benjamin Franklin, (1706-1790), U.S. the pointed lightning rod conductor, bifocal glasses, the Franklin stove, the glass harmonica Augustin-Jean Fresnel, (1788-1827), France Fresnel lens William Friese-Greene, (1855-1921), England cinematography Buckminster Fuller, (1895-1983), U.S. geodesic dome Dennis Gabor, (1900-1979), Hungary holography Boris Borisovich Galitzine, (1862-1916), Russia Electromagnetic seismograph. Elmer R. Gates, (1859-1923), USA foam fire extinguisher, electric loom mechanisms, magnetic & diamagnetic separators, educational toy ("box & blocks") Richard J. Gatling, (1818-1903), U.S. wheat drill, first successful machine gun Hans Wilhelm Geiger, (1882-1945), Germany Geiger counter Henri Giffard, (1825-1882), France powered airship, injector Heinrich Gbel, (1818-1893), Germany first functional incandescent lamp Leonid Gobyato, (1875-1915), Russia - first modern man-portable mortar Robert Goddard, (1882-1945), U.S. liquid fuel rocket Peter Carl Goldmark, (1906-1977), Hungary vinyl record (LP), CBS color television Charles Goodyear, (1800-1860), U.S. vulcanization of rubber Gordon Gould, (1920-2005), U.S. co-inventor of laser Richard Hall Gower, (1768-1833), England ship's hull and rigging Bette Nesmith Graham, (1924-1980), U.S. Liquid Paper James Henry Greathead, (1844-1896), South Africa tunnel boring machine, tunnelling shield technique Chester Greenwood, (1858-1937), U.S. thermal earmuffs James Gregory, (1638-1675), Scotland reflecting telescope William Robert Grove, (1811-1896), Wales fuel cell Otto von Guericke, (1602-1686), Germany vacuum pump, manometer, dasymeter Hakan Grsu, (c. 2007), Turkey Volitan Johann Gutenberg, (c. 1390s-1468), Germany movable type printing press

Samuel Guthrie, (1782-1848), U.S. discovered chloroform John Hadley, (1682-1744), England Octant Waldemar Haffkine, (1860-1930), Russia/Switzerland - first anti-cholera and antiplague vaccines Tracy Hall, (1919- ), U.S. synthetic diamond Christopher Hansteen, (1783-1873), Norway discovery of terrestrial magnetism James Hargreaves, (1720-1778), England spinning jenny John Harrison, (1693-1776), England marine chronometer Victor Hasselblad, (1906-1978), Sweden invented the 6 x 6 cm single-lens reflex camera Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), (965-1039), Iraq camera obscura, pinhole camera, magnifying glass, concave and convex mirrors, spherical mirror Robert A. Heinlein, (1907-1988), U.S. waterbed Jozef Karol Hell, (1713-1789), Slovakia the water pillar Rudolf Hell, (1901-2002), Germany the Hellschreiber Joseph Henry, (1797-1878), Scotland/U.S. electromagnetic relay Heron, (c. 10-70), Roman Egypt aeolipile Heinrich Hertz, (1857-1894), Germany radio telegraphy, electromagnetic radiation George de Hevesy, (1885-1966), Hungary radioactive tracer Rowland Hill, (1795-1879), UK postage stamp Felix Hoffmann (Bayer), (1868-1949), Germany Aspirin Herman Hollerith, (1860-1929), U.S. mechanical tabulator based on punched cards Nick Holonyak, (1928- ), U.S. LED (Light Emitting Diode) Joseph Hon book index thumb notch system for dictionaries Patent #561888 Robert Hooke, (1635-1703), England balance wheel, iris diaphragm Erna Schneider Hoover, (1926-), U.S. computerized telephone switching system Frank Hornby, (1863-1936), England invented Meccano Coenraad Johannes van Houten, (1801-1887), Netherlands cocoa powder, cacao butter, chocolate milk Elias Howe, (1819-1867), U.S. sewing machine Muhammad Husayn, (fl. 1600s), Persia cartographic Qibla indicator with sundial and compass Christiaan Huygens, (1629-1695), Netherlands pendulum clock John Wesley Hyatt, (1837-1920), U.S. celluloid manufacturing Ibn Yunus, (950-1009), Egypt pendulum Sumio Iijima, (1939- ), Japan nanotubes Gavriil Ilizarov, (1921-1992), Russia Ilizarov apparatus and distraction osteogenesis. Jnos Irinyi, (1817-1895), Hungary noiseless match Jabir ibn Aflah (Geber), (c. 1100-1150), Islamic Spain portable celestial globe

Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber), (c. 721-815), Yemen/Persia pure distillation, calcination, crystallization, filtration, liquefaction, purification, alembic, still, retort, mineral acids, nitric and sulfuric acids, uric and hydrochloric acids, aqua regia, alum, alkali, borax, pure sal ammoniac, lead carbonatic, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, pure mercury and sulfur, plated mail, artificial pearl and gemstone, lusterware Karl Jatho, (1873-1933), Germany aeroplane Al-Jazari, (1136-1206), Iraq crankshaft, connecting rod, crank-driven and hydropowered saqiya chain pump, crank-driven screw and screwpump, elephant clock, weight-driven clock, weight-driven pump, reciprocating piston suction pump, geared and hydropowered water supply system, programmable humanoid robots, robotics, hand washing automata, flush mechanism, combination lock, lamination, static balancing, paper model, sand casting, molding sand, intermittency, linkage Ibn Al-Jazzar (Algizar), (c. 898-980), Tunisia sexual dysfunction and erectile dysfunction treatment drugs Gyrgy Jendrassik, (1898-1954), Hungary turboprop Carl Edvard Johansson, (1864-1943), Sweden Gauge blocks Johan Petter Johansson, (1853-1943), Sweden the pipe wrench and the modern adjustable spanner Nancy Johnson, U.S. American version of the hand cranked ice cream machine in (1843) Scott A. Jones, (1960-), U.S. created one of the most successful versions of voicemail as well as ChaCha Search, a human-assisted internet search engine. Whitcomb Judson, (1836-1909), U.S. zipper Mikhail Kalashnikov, (1919-), Russia AK-47 and AK-74 assault rifles Dean Kamen, (1951-), U.S. Invented the Segway HT scooter and the IBOT Mobility Device Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, (1853-1926), Netherlands liquify helium Jamshd al-Ksh, (c. 1380-1429), Persia plate of conjunctions, analog planetary computer Abu 'Abdullah Muhammad ibn Naser ibn Saghir ibn Khalid al-Kaysarani, (c. 1154), Syria striking clock, clock tower John Harvey Kellogg, (1852-1943), cornflake breakfasts John George Kemeny, (1926-1992), Hungary co-inventor of BASIC Alexander Kemurdzhian, (1921-2003), Russia first space exploration rover (Lunokhod) Kerim Kerimov, (1917-2003), Azerbaijan and Russia human spaceflight, space dock, space station Charles F. Kettering, (1876-1958), U.S. invented automobile self-starter ignition, Freon ethyl gasoline and more Khalid, (fl. 800s), Ethiopia coffee Fazlur Khan, (1929-1982), Bangladesh structural systems for high-rise skyscrapers Al-Khazini, (fl. 1115-1130), Persia hydrostatic balance

Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi, (c. 940-1000), Persia astronomical sextant Muhammad ibn Ms al-Khwrizm (Algoritmi), (c. 780-850), Persia modern algebra, mural instrument, quadrant, horary quadrant, sine quadrant, Quadrans Vetus, shadow square Jack Kilby, (1923-2005), U.S. patented the first integrated circuit Al-Kindi (Alkindus), (801873), Iraq/Yemen ethanol, pure distilled alcohol, cryptanalysis, frequency analysis Fritz Klatte, (1880-1934), Germany vinyl chloride, forerunner to polyvinyl chloride Margaret E. Knight, (1838-1914), U.S. machine that completely constructs boxbottom brown paper bags Ivan Knunyants, (1906-1990), Armenia/Russia invented Nylon-6 Robert Koch, (1843-1910), Germany---- method for culturing bacteria on solid media Willem Johan Kolff, (1911-2009), Netherlands artificial kidney hemodialysis machine Rudolf Kompfner, (19091977), U.S. Traveling-wave tube Sergey Korolyov, (1907-1966), Ukraine/Russia invented R-7 rocket family, designed Sputniks (including first Earth-orbiting artificial satellite), supervised Vostok program (including first human spaceflight) Gleb Kotelnikov, (1872-1944), Russia knapsack parachute Ivan Kulibin, (1735-1818), Russia - Elevator using screw mechanisms. Also invented an automobile that featured a flywheel, brake, gear box, and bearing.[1] Igor Kurchatov, (1903-1960), Russia first nuclear power plant, first nuclear reactors for submarines and surface ships Raymond Kurzweil, (1948-), Optical character recognition; flatbed scanner Stephanie Kwolek, (1923-), U.S. Kevlar John Howard Kyan (1774-1850), Ireland The process of Kyanization used for wood preservation Ren Lannec, (1781-1826), France stethoscope Cecilia LaFrance, (932975), Egypt fountain pen Lala Balhumal Lahuri, (c. 1842), Mughal India seamless globe and celestial globe, lost-wax casting Georges Lakhovsky, (1869-1942), Russia - Multiple Wave Oscillator. Hedy Lamarr, (1913-2000), Austria and U.S. Spread spectrum radio Edwin H. Land, (1909-1991), U.S. Polaroid polarizing filters and the Land Camera Samuel P. Langley, (1834-1906), U.S. bolometer Irving Langmuir, (1851-1957), U.S. gas filled incandescent light bulb, hydrogen welding Lewis Latimer, (1848-1928), worked with Thomas Edison and patented an improved lightbulb manufacturing process Gustav de Laval, (1845-1913), Sweden invented the milk separator and the milking machine John Bennet Lawes, (1814-1900), England superphosphate or chemical fertilizer

Sergei Vasiljevich Lebedev, (1874-1934), Russia synthetic rubber Tim Berners-Lee, (1955- ) England World Wide Web Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, (1632-1723), Netherlands development of the microscope Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir, (1822-1900), Belgium internal combustion engine, motorboat R. G. LeTourneau, (1888-1969), U.S.- electric wheel, motor scraper, mobile oil drilling platform, bulldozer, cable control unit for scrapers Willard Frank Libby, (1908-1980), U.S. radiocarbon dating Justus von Liebig, (1803-1873), Germany nitrogen-based fertilizer Otto Lilienthal, (1848-1896), Germany hang glider Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist, (1862-1931), Sweden Kerosene stove operated by compressed air Hans Lippershey, (1570-1619), Netherlands telescope William Howard Livens, (18891964), England chemical warfare Livens Projector. Alexander Lodygin, (1847-1923), Russia - Electrical filament, incandescent light bulb with tungsten filament. Oleg Losev, (1903-1942), Russia Light-emitting diode. Archibald Low, (1882-1956), Britain Pioneer of radio guidance systems Auguste and Louis Lumire, France Cinmatographe Ignacy ukasiewicz, (1822-1882), Poland modern kerosene lamp Giovanni Luppis, (1813-1875), Austrian Empire (ethnical Italian) self-propelled torpedo Ali Kashmiri ibn Luqman, (fl. 1589-1590), Mughal India seamless globe and celestial globe, lost-wax casting Ma Jun, (c. 200-265), China South Pointing Chariot (see differential gear), mechanical puppet theater, chain pumps, improved silk looms Charles Macintosh, (1766-1843), Scotland waterproof raincoat, life vest Sake Dean Mahomet, (c. 1759), India shampoo Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov, (1896-1964), Russia Maksutov telescope Al-Ma'mun, (786-833), Iraq singing bird automata, terrestrial globe George William Manby, (1765-1854), England Fire extinguisher Guglielmo Marconi, (1874-1937), Italy radio telegraphy John Landis Mason, (1826-1902), U.S. Mason jars Henry Maudslay, (1771-1831), England screw-cutting lathe, bench micrometer Hiram Maxim, (1840-1916), USA born, England First self-powered machine gun James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) and Thomas Sutton Scotland colour photography Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili, (9th century), Iraq syringe, hypodermic needle, cataract extraction, injection, suction John McAdam, (1756-1836), Scotland improved "macadam" road surface Elijah McCoy, (1843-1929), Canada Displacement lubricator Hippolyte Mge-Mouris, (1817-1880), France margarine

Dmitri Mendeleev, (1834-1907), Russia - Periodic table, pyrocollodion. Antonio Meucci, (1808-1889), Italy telephone (prototype) Edouard Michelin, (1859-1940), France pneumatic tyre Pavel Molchanov, (1893-1941), Russia - Radiosonde. Jules Montenier, (c. 1910), U.S. modern anti-perspirant deodorant Montgolfier brothers, (1740-1810) and (1745-1799), France hot-air balloon John J. Montgomery, (1858-1911), U.S. heavier-than-air gliders Narcis Monturiol i Estarriol, (1819-1885), Spain steam powered submarine Robert Moog, (1934-2005), U.S. the Moog synthesizer Samuel Morey, (1762-1843), U.S. internal combustion engine Garrett A. Morgan, (1877-1963), U.S. inventor of the gas mask, and traffic signal. Samuel Morse, (1791-1872), U.S. telegraph Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi, (fl. 1000s), Islamic Spain geared mechanical clock, segmental gear, epicyclic gearing William Murdoch, (1754-1839), Scotland Gas lighting Jozef Murgas, (1864-1929), Slovakia inventor of the wireless telegraph (forerunner of the radio) Al-Muqaddasi, (c. 946-1000), Palestine restaurant Ban Ms brothers, Muhammad (c. 800-873), Ahmad (803-873), Al-Hasan (810-873), Iraq valve, float valve, feedback controller, automatic control, float chamber, mechanical trick devices, hurricane lamp, self-trimming and self-feeding lamp, gas mask, grab, clamshell grab, fail-safe system, mechanical musical instrument, automatic flute player, programmable machine Pieter van Musschenbroek, (1692-1761), Netherlands Leyden jar, pyrometer A.J. Musselman inventor of the Coaster brake and the pneumatic aircraft tyre. Ibn al-Nafis, (1213-1288), Syria/Egypt circulatory physiology, otolaryngology, theological novel, science fiction novel John Napier, (1550-1617), Scotland logarithms James Naismith, (1861-1939), Canadian born, USA invented basketball and American football helmet Yoshiro Nakamatsu, (b. 1928), Japan floppy disk, "PyonPyon" spring shoes, digital watch, CinemaScope, armchair "Cerebrex", sauce pump, taxicab meter James Nasmyth, (1808-1890), Scotland steam hammer Nebuchadrezzar II, (c. 630-562 BC), Iraq (Mesopotamia) screw, screwpump John von Neumann, (1903-1957), Hungary Von Neumann computer architecture Isaac Newton,(1642-1727), England reflecting telescope (which reduces chromatic aberration) Joseph Nicephore Nipce, (1765-1833), France photography Jun-Ichi Nishizawa, (1926-), Japan Optical communication system, SIT/SITh (Static Induction Transistor/Thyristor), Laser diode, PIN diode Alfred Nobel, (1833-1896), Sweden dynamite Murat Nural, (c. 2007), Turkey vertically rising ladder

Carl Rickard Nyberg, (1858-1939), Sweden the blowtorch Theophil Wilgodt Odhner, (18451903), Sweden the Odhner Arithmometer, a mechanical calculator J. Robert Oppenheimer, (19041967), United States - Atomic bomb Dennis O'Rear, (1950-), United States - oil processing techniques Hans Christian rsted, (17771851), Denmark electromagnetism, aluminium Elisha Otis, (18111861), U.S. passenger elevator with safety device William Oughtred, (15751660), England slide rule Larry Page, (1973-), U.S. with Sergey Brin invented Google web search engine Helge Palmcrantz, (1842-1880), Sweden the multi-barrel, lever-actuated, machine gun Daniel David Palmer, (1845-1913), Canada Chiropractic Luigi Palmieri, (1807-1896), Italy seismometer Alexander Parkes, (1831-1890), England celluloid Charles Algernon Parsons, (1854-1931), British steam turbine Spede Pasanen, (1930-2001), Finland The ski jumping sling Blaise Pascal, (1623-1662), France barometer Les Paul, (1915-), U.S. Multitrack recording Nicolae Paulescu, (1869 - 1931), Romania Insulin Gustaf Erik Pasch, (1788-1862), Sweden the safety match Arthur Paul Pedrick, England chromatically selective cat flap and others John Pemberton, (1831-1888), U.S. Coca-Cola Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, (1871-1922), Croatia mechanical pencil Henry Perky, (1843-1906), U.S. Shredded wheat Stephen Perry, England rubber band Peter Petroff, (1919-2004), Bulgaria digital wrist watch, heart monitor, weather instruments Fritz Pfleumer, (1881-1945), Germany Magnetic Tape Arthur Pitney, (1871-1933), United States Postage meter Joseph Plateau, (1801-1883), Belgium phenakistiscope (stroboscope) Baltzar von Platen, (1898-1984), Sweden refrigerator James Leonard Plimpton, U.S. roller skates Petrache Poenaru, (1799 - 1875), Romania Fountain pen Christopher Polhem, (1661-1751), Sweden the modern padlock Ivan Polzunov, (1728-1766), Russia first two-cylinder motor Olivia Poole, (1889-1975), U.S., the Jolly Jumper baby harness Alexander Stepanovich Popov, (1859-1906), Russia - Lightning detector. George Pullman, (1831-1897), U.S. Pullman sleep wagon Michael I. Pupin, (1858-1935), Serbia pupinization (loading coils), tunable oscillator Tivadar Puskas, (1844-1893), Hungary telephone exchange

Hasan al-Rammah, (fl. 1270s), Syria purified potassium nitrate, explosive gunpowder, torpedo Harun al-Rashid, (763-809), Iraq/Persia public hospital, medical school Muhammad ibn Zakarya Rzi (Rhazes), (865-965), Persia distillation and extraction methods, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, soap, kerosene, kerosene lamp, chemotherapy, red lead, copper acetate, lead sulfide, zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, iron acetate, cinnabar, arsenic trioxide, sodium hydroxide, aludel, rose water, heated bath, funnel, sieve Karl von Reichenbach, (1788-1869), paraffin, creosote oil, phenol Ira Remsen, (1846-1927), U.S. saccharin Josef Ressel, (1793-1857), Czechoslovakia ship propeller Charles Francis Richter, (1900-1985), U.S. Richter magnitude scale Hyman George Rickover, (19001986), U.S. - Nuclear Submarine John Roebuck, (1718-1794) England lead chamber process for sulfuric acid synthesis Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen, (1845-1923), Germany the X-ray machine Ern Rubik, (1944-), Hungary Rubik's cube, Rubik's Magic and Rubik's Clock Ernst Ruska, (1906-1988), Germany electron microscope Alexander Sablukov, (1783-1857), Russia centrifugal fan erafeddin Sabuncuolu, (1385-1468), Turkey illustrated surgical atlas Ibn Sahl, (c. 940-1000), Iraq parabolic mirror Andrei Sakharov, (1921-1989), Russia invented explosively pumped flux compression generator, developed tokamaks for controlled nuclear fusion Ibn Samh, (c. 1020), Middle East mechanical geared astrolabe Ibn Sina (Avicenna), (973-1037), Persia thermometer, thermoscope, steam distillation, essential oil, pharmacopoeia, clinical pharmacology, clinical trial, randomized controlled trial, quarantine, cancer surgery, cancer therapy, pharmacotherapy, phytotherapy, Hindiba, Taxus baccata L, calcium channel blocker Alberto Santos-Dumont, (1873-1932), Brazil non-rigid airship and airplane Thomas Savery, (1650-1715), England steam engine Adolphe Sax, (1814-1894), Belgium saxophone Bela Schick, (1877-1967), Hungary diphtheria test Christian Schnabel (1878-1936), German simplistic food cutleries Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (1946- ), Netherlands Major contributor to development of Compact Disc August Schrader, U.S. Schrader valve for Pneumatic tire David Schwarz, (1852-1897), Croatia, rigid ship, later called Zeppelin Marc Seguin, (1786-1875), France wire-cable suspension bridge Sennacherib, (705681 BC), Iraq (Mesopotamia) screw pump Iwan Serrurier, (active 1920s), Netherlands/U.S. inventor of the Moviola for film editing. Mark Serrurier, (190?-1988), U.S. Serrurier truss for Optical telescopes Gerhard Sessler, (1931-), Germany foil electret microphone, silicon microphone

Alexander Procofieff de Seversky, 1894-1974, Russia/United States of America Airto-air refueling Ibn al-Shatir, (1304-1375), Syria astrolabic clock, compendium instrument, polaraxis sundial, compass dial Shen Kuo, (1031-1095), China improved gnomon, armillary sphere, clepsydra, and sighting tube Pavel Schilling, (1780-1836), Estonia/Russia first electromagnetic telegraph Murasaki Shikibu, (c. 973-1025), novel, psychological novel Fathullah Shirazi, (c. 1582), Mughal India autocannon, multi-barrel gun Al-Sijzi, (c. 945-1020), Persia heliocentric astrolabe William Bradford Shockley, (1910-1989), U.S. co-inventor of transistor Henry Shrapnel, (1761-1842), England Shrapnel shell ammunition Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, (b. 1972), Malaysia cell growth in outer space, crystallization of proteins and microbes in space Vladimir Shukhov, (1853-1939), Russia - Shukhov cracking process, thin-shell structure, tensile structure, built on of the first pipelines Augustus Siebe, (1788-1872), Germany/England Inventor of the standard diving dress Werner von Siemens, (1816-1892), Germany an electromechanical "dynamic" Sir William Siemens, (1823-1883), Germany regenerative furnace Igor Sikorsky, (1889-1972), Russia/U.S. helicopter Juanito Simon, (1948-), Philippines metal treatment lubricants Charles Simonyi, (1948-), Hungary Hungarian notation Isaac Singer, (1811-1875), U.S. sewing machine Elmer Ambrose Sperry, (1860-1930), U.S. gyroscope-guided automatic pilot George Stephenson, (1781-1848), England steam locomotive Simon Stevin, (1548-1620), Netherlands land yacht Aurel Stodola, (1859-1942), Slovakia gas turbines Reverend Dr Robert Stirling (1790-1878), Scotland Stirling engine Levi Strauss, (1829-1902), U.S. blue jeans John Stringfellow, (1799-1883), England airplane Almon Strowger, (1839-1902), U.S. automatic telephone exchange Su Song, (1020-1101), China first chain drive Simon Sunatori, (1959-), Canada inventor of MagneScribe and Magic Spicer Sushruta, (600 BC), Vedic India inventor of Platic Surgery, Cataract Surgery, Rhinoplasty Joseph Swan, (1828-1914), England Incandescent light bulb Percy Spencer, (1894-1970), U.S. microwave oven Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi), (903-986), Persia timekeeping astrolabe, navigational astrolabe, surveying astrolabe Le Szilrd, (1898-1964), Hungary/U.S. Co-developed the atomic bomb, patented the nuclear reactor, catalyst of the Manhattan Project

Salih Tahtawi, (fl. 1659-1660), Mughal India seamless globe and celestial globe, lost-wax casting Igor Tamm, (1895-1971), Russia with Andrey Sakharov, developed first tokamak Mardi bin Ali al-Tarsusi, (c. 1187), Middle East counterweight trebuchet, mangonel Bernard Tellegen, (1900-1990), Netherlands pentode Edward Teller, (1908-2003), Hungary hydrogen bomb Nikola Tesla, (1856-1943), Serbian-Croatian-American Tesla Coil, induction motor, alternating current Polyphase system, wireless communication, modern robotics, logic gates, bladeless turbine, radio, VTOL aircraft, etc. Eric Tigerstedt, (1887-1925), Finland triode vacuum tube Kalman Tihanyi, (1897-1947), Hungary co-inventor of cathode ray tube and iconoscope Benjamin Chew Tilghman, (1821-1897), U.S. sandblasting Tipu Sultan, (1750-1799), India iron-cased and metal-cylinder rocket Alfred Traeger, (1895-1980), Australia the pedal radio Franc Trkman, (1903-1978), Slovenia electrical switches, accessories for opening windows Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, (1857-1935), Russia spaceflight Mikhail Tsvet, (1872-1919), Russia adsorption chromatography Ibn Tufail, (c. 1105-1185), Islamic Spain philosophical novel Nasr al-Dn al-Ts, (1201-1274), Persia observatory, research institute Sharaf al-Dn al-Ts, (1135-1213), Persia linear astrolabe Lewis Urry, (1927-2004), Canada long-lasting alkaline battery Theophilus Van Kannel, (1841-1919), United States revolving door (1888) Louis R. Vitullo, (1924?-2006), United States developed the first sexual assault evidence kit Alessandro Volta, (1745-1827), Italy battery Faust Vrani, (1551-1617), Croatia parachute Barnes Wallis, (1887-1979), England bouncing bomb Robert Watson-Watt, (1892-1973), Scotland microwave radar James Watt, (1736-1819), Scotland improved Steam engine Thomas Wedgwood, (1771-1805), England first (not permanent) photograph Jonas Wenstrm, (1855-1893), Sweden three-phase electrical power George Westinghouse, (1846-1914), U.S. Air brake (rail) Charles Wheatstone, (1802-1875), England concertina, stereoscope, microphone, Playfair cipher Eli Whitney, (1765-1825), U.S. the cotton gin Frank Whittle, (1907-1996), England co-inventor of the jet engine Otto Wichterle, (1913-1989), Czechoslovakia invented modern contact lenses

Paul Winchell, (1922-2005), U.S. the artificial heart A. Baldwin Wood, (1879-1956), U.S. high volume pump Granville Woods, (1856-1910), U.S. the Synchronous Multiplex Railway Telegraph Wright brothers, Orville (1871-1948) and Wilbur (1867-1912) U.S. powered airplane Arthur Wynne, (1862-1945), England creator of crossword puzzle Pavel Yablochkov, (1847-1894), Russia - Yablochkov candle. Hidetsugu Yagi, (1886-1976), Japan Yagi antenna Khalid ibn Yazid, (635-704), Syria/Egypt potassium nitrate Yi Xing, (683-727), China, invented the escapement mechanism Arthur M. Young, (1905-1995), U.S. the Bell Helicopter Muhammad Yunus, (b. 1940), Bangladesh microcredit, microfinance Abu Yaqub Yusuf, (c. 1274), Morocco/Spain siege cannon Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), (936 - 1013), Islamic Spain cosmetic dentistry, tooth bleaching, hair care, hair dye, solid lipstick, Hand cream and lotion, suntan lotion,[disambiguation needed] roll-on deodorant, epilepsy and seizure medications, nasal spray, topical cream, adhesive bandage and plaster, bone saw, catgut, cotton dressing and bandage, curette, retractor, sound, surgical spoon, surgical hook and rod, ligature Ab Ishq Ibrhm al-Zarql (Arzachel), (10281087), Islamic Spain almanac, equatorium, universal astrolabe Nikolay Zelinsky, (1861-1953), Russia the first effective filtering coal gas mask in the world Zhang Heng, (78-139), China invented the first hydraulic-powered armillary sphere Zheng He, (13711433), China treasure ship Ziryab, (789857), Iraq/Syria/Tunisia/Spain bangs, beauty parlour, cosmetology school, chemical depilatory, toothpaste, under-arm deodorant, three-course meal Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), (10911161), Islamic Spain general anaesthesia, general anaesthetic, oral anesthesia, inhalational anaesthetic, narcotic-soaked sponge, tracheotomy, parasitology, pharmacopoeia Konrad Zuse, (22. June 1910 - 18. December 1995), Germany invented the first Computer (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4) Vladimir Zworykin, (1889-1982), Russia/U.S. Iconoscope, kinescope.