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Gas liquid chromatography
- 1. GAS LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY By Anand Narayanan D FEN-2018-33-01
- 2. CHROMATOGRAPHY • Chromatography is an analytical technique where in a sample mixture under test is separated into different components based on difference in their affinity for a stationery phase and mobile phase.
- 5. GAS LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY(GLC) • In GLC the mobile phase is an unreactive gas , such as nitrogen(Carrier gas). • The stationery phase is a non volatile liquid held on a finely divided inert solid support.
- 6. PRINCIPLE • Gas liquid chromatography runs on the principle of partition. • In GLC , components of the gaseous samples are separated due to partition between a gaseous mobile phase and a liquid stationery phase held in a column.
- 9. The mobile phase • An inert gas such as He or N2 -Function is to transport sample vapours through columns. -No chemical interaction with sample. • Typical parameters -column inlet pressure : 10-50psi -flow rate 25-50mL/min • Precise control of carrier gas flow rate is crtical to obtain reproducible retention times.
- 10. Sample injection Sample is injected using a syringe into a hot carrier gas(mobile gas) -High temperature( at least 50 ͦC above B.P of sample) causes vaporization of sample. - introduced a narrow plug of sample vapour onto the column. Various designs -for packed columns , inject 1 to 5 microliters of sample. -for capillary columns , a split valve is used to introduce a small fraction sample into the column .
- 17. Detectors • Generate an electrical signal proportional tp solute concentration or mass flow rate. Ideal characteristics : • High sensitivity • Rapid response time • Applicable to wide range of samples • Easy to use • Stable & predictable response
- 26. RECORDER • Recorder is device that draws the chromatogram that results from a chromatographic process on to chart paper. • The time scale of the chart movement normally ranges from about 1cm/ second to 1cm / hour
- 27. Advantages of GLC • Both qualitative and quantitative analysis are possible. • Instrument is simple , time of analysis is short. • High sensitivity • This method is applicable for 60% of organic compounds • Very small sample sizes can be used • Analysis can be highly accurate and precise.
- 28. FACTORS AFFECTING SEPERATION • Particle size and surface area • Carrier gas flow rate • Type and amount of stationery phase • Column length • Column diameter • Column temperature
- 29. CONCLUSION • Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. • The sample being measured is injected into the carrier gas using a syringe and instantly vaporizes (turns into gas form). • The gases that make up the sample separate out as they move along the column which contains the stationary phase
- 30. REFERENCES • Introduction and principle of GLC , by Dr.Vishnu Vrardhan Reddy Pulimi , www.slideshare.net • Gas liquid chromatography by Srinivas Nandyala , m.athorstream.com