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Conservation of coal and petroleum.pdf
- 1. Conservation of Coal and Petroleum Coal and petroleum are called fossil fuels. Coal and petroleum are the natural resources that are important ‘sources’ of energy for us. Coal and petroleum were formed from the degradation of biomass of plants and animals respectively, buried deep under the earth millions of years ago. We obtain coal from the ‘coal mines’ dug into the earth and petroleum is obtained by digging ‘oil wells’ deep in the earth. The crude petroleum oil obtained from oil wells is then separated into fuels such as LPG, petrol, diesel, and kerosene. Coal is used as a fuel as such in homes and in industry, or it is used to generate electricity at Thermal Power Plants. Petroleum products such as petrol and diesel are used as fuels in transport to run scooters, motorcycles, cars, buses, trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes. Kerosene and LPG obtained from petroleum are used as domestic fuels for cooking food, etc. As we already know, coal and petroleum are exhaustible sources of energy. If they are not used judiciously, they will not last for more than a few decades. Since they are widely used as sources of energy throughout the world, it is of utmost importance to think about their conservation. We can conserve coal and petroleum by switching to alternative or renewable sources of energy, such as hydel power, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, etc. Not only these alternatives will provide us with more environmentally friendly options for sustainable development, but they will also help in delaying the energy crisis that the world is about to face very shortly.