Goodpasture syntrome

GOODPASTURE
SYNDROME
SIVASANGARI SHANMUGAM

CONTENTS
 What is syndrome?
 Goodpasture syndrome
 Causes & Risk factors
 Symptoms
 Initial symptoms
 Lung symptoms
 Kidney symptoms
 Diagnosis
 Treatment
 Prevention
 Alternative names
 Complications

SYNDROME
 A group of symptoms which consistently occur together.
(OR)
 A condition characterized by a set of associated
symptoms.
 A syndrome is a collection of signs & symptoms
associated with a specific health-related causes.

GOODPASTURE SYNDROME
 Good pasture is a rare & potentially life threatening disease.
 An autoimmune disease.
 Damages both the lungs and the kidneys.
 It is also known as anti-glomerular basement membrane
(anti-GBM) disease.
 the disease is most common at two times of life: in a
person’s 20s and later around their 60s.

WHY IT IS CALLED GOOD PASTURE
SYNTROME?
 The disorder names after
Dr.Ernest Goodpasture.
 Goodpasture,who first
identified the syndrome in
1919.
 For reasons that aren’t
clear.
 It’s estimated to occur in 1
out of 1 million people per
year.

CAUSES OF GOODPASTURE
SYNDROME
 Some behaviours & environmental factors.
 RTI may trigger the immune system.
 Exposure to hydrocarbon fumes (Viral RI), metallic dust,
tobacco smoke (or) certain drugs such as cocaine.
 Due to genetics – a specific HLA, known as DR15, is found
in 88% of people who have this syndrome.

SYNDROME
 Syndrome develop substances that attack a protein called
collagen (air sac - lungs ; glameruli - kidney).
 Substance – Antiglomerular basement membrane Ab.
 This membrane act as a filter, to filter waste from blood.
 Membrane damage which leads to kidney damage.
 Immune system fault – bleeding in the air sac of lungs &
inflamation in the kidney’s filtering unit.

SYNDROME
 In the kidney, this affect the glomeruli, the tiny filters in the
kidney that help remove excess water and waste products
from your blood, turning them into the urine.
 In the lung, it can affect the alveoli ,the tiny sacs of air
where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
 The immune activation and inflammation then lead to the
symptoms of the condition. Abnormal activated antibodies
are called anti-GBM antibodies.
 Genetics also play a role in triggering Goodpasture
syndrome. People with certain variants of specific genes .

SYMPTOMS OF GOODPASTURE
SYNDROME
Symptoms may occur very slowly over months or even
years, but the often develop very quickly over a days
to week.
i. Initial Symptoms.
ii. Lung damage symptoms
iii. Kidney damage symptoms.

SYNDROME
 INITIAL SYMPTOMS
Loss of appitite
Fatigue
Weakness
Nausea & Vomitting
Unhealthy,pale appearance

SYNDROME
 LUNG SYMPTOMS
 Coughing up blood (Hemoptysis)
 Dry cough
 Shortness of breath
 Respiratory failure
 Chills and fever
 Fatigue
 Shortness of breath
 Chest pain

SYNDROME
LUNG SYMPTOMS
 In some cases, can cause severe pulmonary hemorrhage:
bleeding from the lung and other parts of the respiratory
tract.
This may indirectly lead to anemia, low counts of red
blood cells.
If more severe, blood may block the exchange of oxygen
in the small sacs of the lungs. This may cause respiratory
failure,a life-threatening condition in which the body
does not receive enough oxygen.

SYNDROME
 KIDNEY SYMPTOMS
Bloody urine
Burning sensation when urinating
Pale skin
Elevated blood pressure reading
Swelling in leg ( any area of body)
Back pain below your ribs
Nausea and vomiting
Increased blood pressure
Back pain (area below the ribs)
Fatigue
Itching
Confused thinking
Seizures

SYNDROME
KIDNEY SYMPTOMS
Condition called glomerulonephritis.
That just refers to inflammation of a specific part of the
kidney called the glomerulus.
If kidney problems are severe, it can lead to uremia. This
a potentially life-threatening condition from having too
high levels of a waste product called urea in your blood.
• .

SYNDROME
LUNGS
KIDNEY

SYNDROME
 Goodpasture syndrome occurs along with another condition
called autoimmune inner ear disease.
 This can lead to symptoms such as:
Fullness in the ear
Ringing in the ear
Dizziness
Sudden hearing loss

DIAGNOSIS
 Urinalysis results are often abnormal,& show blood and
protein in the urine.
 Ubnormal RBC may be seen.
 Following test may also be done;
 Arterial blood gas
 BUN
 Chest X- Ray
 Creatinine (Serum)
 Lung biopsy
 Kidney biopsy
 Blood test (Antiglomerular basement membrane test)
 Analysis of a urine sample (gives information about
kidney function)
 Chest X-ray (can show pulmonary hemorrhage)
 Pulmonary function tests

TREATMENT OF GOODPASTURE
SYNDROME
 Early treatment focuses on two things:
1. Rapidly removing anti-GBM antibodies from the blood
 Process called plasmapheresis.
 Blood is removed from their body via a needle and connected
to a machine.
2. Stopping anti-GBM antibodies future production.
 This is done by suppressing a person’s immune system.
 Some of the following medications might be used for this
purpose:
 Corticosteroids
 Cyclophosphamide
 Azathioprine
 Emergency hemodialysis is also sometimes necessary. This helps
perform some of the kidney’s functions to eliminate waste from the
body

PREVENTION OF GOODPASTURE
SYNDROME
Never sniff glue or siphon gasoline with your mouth ,
which exposes the lungs to hydrocarbon solvents and
can cause the disease.
Don’t smoke

ALTERNATIVE NAMES
1. Antiglomerular basement membrane Ab disease
2. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
3. Pulmonary renal syndrome
4. Glomerulonephritis – pulmonary hemorrhage

COMPLICATIONS
Chronic kidney disease
End – stage Kidney disease
Lung failure
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Several pulmonary hemorrhage (lung bleeding)

REFERENCE
1. www.healthline.com/health/goodpasture-syndrome
2. https://www.verywellhealth.com/goodpasture-syndrome-
overview-4178264
3. https://www.osmosis.org/learn/Goodpasture%27s_syndrom
e

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