Needle stick injury and hazards of needle stick
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Needlestick injuries are wounds caused by sharps that accidentally puncture the skin. Needlestick injuries are a hazard for people who work with hypodermic syringes and other needle equipment. These injuries can occur at any time when people use, disassemble, or dispose of needles.
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Needle stick injury and hazards of needle stick
- 1. DR. ROMA GOYAL ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MICROBIOLGY DEPARTMENT NEEDLE STICK INJURY (NSI)
- 2. NEEDLE STICK INJURIES • Needlestick injuries are wounds caused by sharps that accidentally puncture the skin. • Needlestick injuries are a hazard for people who work with hypodermic syringes and other needle equipment. • These injuries can occur at any time when people use, disassemble, or dispose of needles.
- 3. WHAT ARE ‘SHARPS’ • Sharps are the devises that are intentionally sharp to puncture or cut skin (scalpels, needles etc.) or accidently becomes sharps such as broken glass tubes.
- 4. What Kinds of Devices Usually Cause Sharps Injuries? • Hypodermic needles • Blood collection needles • Needles used in IV delivery systems • Scalpels
- 5. CAUSES OF SHARP INJURIES •STRESS......... LACK OF TIME AND PATIENCE •CARELESSNESS WHILE WORKING •PASSING SHARPS FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER •LACK OF KNOWLEDGE....... CARELENESS FOR NSI.
- 6. How Many Needle Stick Injuries occur in the U.S.A.? • The Department of Health Services reported that 600,000 to 800,000 needle stick injuries occur each year • A CDC study estimated that 385,000 occur in the hospital (>1,000/day) • ~5% of these were technologists That is 52 injuries a day! www.hhs.gov/asl/testify/t000622a.html and NaSH 1995-Dec 2003 https://www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety/ppt/2preventingneedlesticksparti.ppt
- 7. What Infections Can Be Caused by Sharps Injuries? • More than 20 bloodborne pathogens • The pathogens that pose the most serious health risks are: -Hepatitis B virus (HBV) – -Hepatitis C virus (HCV) – -Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- 8. Who is at risk????? • Nursing staff • Health care providers • Labour and delivery room personnel • Surgeons and operation theatre staff • Lab technicians • Dentists • Health cleaning/ mortuary staff/Waste handlers
- 11. Based on the Prior CDC Slide Needle Injuries Occur…. • 35% During sharps clean up and disposal • 28% Manipulating needle in patient • 10% Colliding with co-worker • 0.6% Recapping needle Did you notice? 35% happens AFTER the procedure during clean up and disposal
- 12. Sharps Safety • Prepare to use the device the moment the sharp is first opened • Take precautions while using sharps • Take precautions during cleanup • Take precautions during disposal www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety
- 13. Sharps Safety Practices • Be Prepared • Be Aware • Dispose with Care www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety
- 14. Be Prepared Before Beginning a Procedure • Wash Hands and Wear Gloves • Organize equipment at point of use • Use needleless systems when appropriate • Use adequate lighting • Keep sharps pointed away from the user • Plan ahead- Have sharps disposal nearby • Assess the patient’s ability to cooperate • Get help if necessary • Ask the patient to avoid sudden movement www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety
- 15. Be Aware During a Procedure • Keep sharps visible • Avoid distractions • Never hand off or leave needles or sharps for others to dispose • Loudly state “Sharps” when handling sharps • Maintain a safe zone around sharps being used • Always activate the safety device on needles immediately after each use • Be aware of staff nearby • Control the location of sharps to avoid injury • Use predetermined neutral zone for placing/retrieving sharps • Do not hand-pass exposed sharps from person to person • Alert others when sharps are being passed SCPNC.MCW-ADM.128 and www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety and
- 16. •Do not bend* or break needles •Do not recap* needles/scalpels *Exception: contaminated sharps may be bent, recapped or removed from devices if the procedure is performed using a mechanical device or one-handed technique
- 17. Be Aware During a Procedure continued…. • Contaminated sharps that are reusable are to be placed immediately after use into designated holder (Shortstop™) and should be handled using some type of tong (hemostat/forceps) or device SCPNC.MCW-IP.063 • Plan for safe handling and disposal of sharps before using them
- 18. Clean up and Dispose with Care During Cleanup • Be accountable for sharps you use • Do not disassembled needles from syringes by hand prior to disposal • Use hemostat/forceps to move items when uncovering/checking procedure trays, waste materials, and bedding for exposed sharps • Look for sharps/equipment left behind inadvertently www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety
- 19. Clean Up and Dispose with Care While Disposing of Sharps • Inspect container • Keep hands behind sharps • Never put hands or fingers into sharps container • If you dispose sharps with attached tubing be aware that it can recoil and lead to injury • Maintain control of both tubing and the device during disposal
- 20. Clean Up and Dispose with Care After Disposing of Sharps • Visually inspect sharps container for overfilling • Replace containers when no more than ¾ full SCPMC.MCW-IP.063 y
- 21. Clean Up and Dispose with Care If you Find improperly Disposed Sharps in Work Environment • Handle Carefully • Keep hands behind sharps at all times • Use mechanical device (e.g. tong/hemostat) if you cannot safety pick up sharps by hand
- 22. Your Part in Prevention • Adhere to safe practices • Support co-workers in safety practices • Report injuries or blood/body fluid exposures, sharps injury hazards, and near misses • Participate in training for devices and properly use sharps safety features • Participate in safe culture and device evaluation www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety
- 24. The Diagnostic Imaging Safety Bee says: “Don’t get stung by a workplace injury... be A.W.A.R.E.!” BE SAFE E Expect zero injuries A Allow enough time A Assess the situation W Watch for hazards R Rely on others Be A.W.A.R.E.! ASSESS – assess the situation to determine the safest manner in which to perform the job or task. Determine what tools or equipment may be needed before you proceed. WATCH – watch for hazards and anything out of the ordinary that might compromise yours or your patient’s safety. Make sure nothing is obstructing your work area or your workflow. ALLOW – allow enough time to perform the job in a safe manner; don’t rush. Work efficiently but never compromise yours or your patient’s safety to save time. RELY – rely on others to assist you if needed to perform the job safely; ask for help. Don’t attempt to do the job by yourself if a team approach is better and safer. EXPECT – expect zero injuries; expect that you can reach our workplace safety goal and expect a positive outcome. Challenge yourself to never get stung by a workplace injury.
- 25. Your Part in Prevention • Tell your employer about any sharps hazards you observe • Participate in training related to infection prevention • Get a Hepatitis B vaccination • Wear gloves • Wash Hands Sharps fall under OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1030.
- 26. Do not hand pass sharps from one person to another....
- 27. Do not use bare hands to sort procedure tray....
- 28. During Disposal:
- 29. Do not use sharps box without cover....
- 30. NO RECAPPING....
- 31. remove sharps using a mechanical device
- 33. THANK YOU !!!