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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

390.0000 Family Amaranthaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 87 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 185 genera, ca. 2300 spp. According to many modern authors and all PCR results Chenopodiaceae is only a subfamily or section of Amaranthaceae.
Species listed in database: 2295; hybrids: 76
= Achyranthaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 35 (1837)
= Atriplicaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 83 (1789)
= Betaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 591, 1091, 1142 (1835)
= Blitaceae Kuntze; T. E. von Post & C. E. Kuntze, Lex. Gen. Phan.: 637, 710 (1903)
= Celosiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 117 (1820)
= Chenopodiaceae Vent.; Tabl. Règne Vég. 2: 253 (1799), nom. cons., Family
= Deeringiaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 369 (1858)
= Dysphaniaceae Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 230 (1927), nom. cons.
= Gomphrenaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 38 (1837)
= Polycnemaceae Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan.: 161 (1839)
= Salicorniaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 558 (1820)
= Salsolaceae Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan.: 165 (1839)
= Spinaciaceae Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan.: 166 (1839)
390.7304 Genus Caroxylon Thunb.; Nov. Gen. 2: 37 (1782)
Distribution: mostly Africa, some S-Europe, W- to C-Asia
Species listed in database: 109
= Muratina Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 446 (1938)
= Sarcomorphis Bojer ex Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 179 (1849), nom. inval.
species :
Caroxylon abarghuense (Assadi) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola abarghuensis Assadi; Iranian J. Bot. 2 2: 136, f. 4 (1984)
species :
Caroxylon acocksii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 155 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola acocksii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 815 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon adiscum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 155 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola adisca Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59(4): 536 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon adversariifolium (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 155 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola adversariifolia Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 146 (1972)
species :
Caroxylon aellenii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 155 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola aellenii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 59(4): 536 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon africanum (Brenan) comb.ined.
Distribution: SW-Somalia; Kenya
24 SOM 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola africana (Brenan) Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 54: 989 (1969)
= Salsola dendroides var. africana Brenan; Kew Bull. 8: 433 (1953)
species :
Caroxylon agrigentinum (Guss.) C.Brullo, Brullo, Giusso, Guarino & Iamonico; Contr. Fl. Ital. 36 (2013)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola agrigentina Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 303 (1827)
= Salsola agrigentina var. glabra Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr., Add. 1: 7 (1827)
= Salsola ennaea Jan; Elench. Pl.: 4 (1831), nom. nud.
species :
Caroxylon albidum (Botsch.) Theodorova; Turczaninowia 14(3): 74 (2011)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola albida Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 816 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon albisepalum (Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 156 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola albisepala Aellen; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 4: 23 (1961)
species :
Caroxylon aphyllum (L.f.) Tzvelev; Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 50(1): 80 (1993)
Name: Lye Ganna
Distribution: Angola; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, Free State, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
26 ANG 27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon brevifolium St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 121 (1880)
= Caroxylon caffrum (Sparrm.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 158 (2017)
= Caroxylon salsola Thunb.; Med. Afr.: 8 (1785)
= Chenopodium caroxylon d´Urv.; J. Linn. Soc. 8: 272 (1865)
= Salsola africana Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 176 (1849)
= Salsola aphylla L.f.; Suppl. 173 (1782)
= Salsola aphylla var. canescens Fenzl ex Drège
= Salsola caffra Sparrm.; Resa Goda Hopps-Udden, Engl. ed. 2, 1: 297 (1786)
= Salsola caroxylon Moq.; Chenop. Enum. 143 (1840)
= Suaeda africana Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 158 (1849)
species :
Caroxylon apiciflorum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 156 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola apiciflora Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 58(6): 817 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon apterygeum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 157 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola apterygea Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 58(6): 817 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon araneosum (Botsch.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola araneosa Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 58(6) 818 (1973)
= Salsola candida Fenzl ex Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 191 (1849), nomen
species :
Caroxylon arboreum (C.A.Sm. ex Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 157 (2017)
Name: Cattle Ganna
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola arborea C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nomen et ex Aellen, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 5: 117 (1963)
species :
Caroxylon armatum (C.A.Sm. ex Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 157 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola armata C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nomen et ex Aellen, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 4: 127 (1961)
= Salsola engleri Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934)
= Salsola minutiflora C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2,xvi c. 566 (1934), nomen
species :
Caroxylon atratum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 158 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (North-West Prov., N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola globulifera Fenzl
= Salsola atrata Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 819 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon barbatum (Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 158 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola barbata Aellen; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 4: 25 (1961)
species :
Caroxylon calluna (Drège ex C.H.Wright) Theodorova ex Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 158 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon calluna (Fenzl ex Moq.) Theodorova; Turczaninowia 14(3): 75 (2011), nom. inval.
= Salsola calluna Fenzl ex Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 191, nomen (1849)
= Caroxylon nigrescens (C.A.Sm. ex I.Verd.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 166 (2017)
= Salsola nigrescens C.A.Sm. ex I.Verd.; J. S. African Bot. 11: 124 (1945)
species :
Caroxylon campylopterum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 159 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola campyloptera Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59(1): 38 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon cauliflorum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 159 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola cauliflora Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 66(7): 1036 (1981)
species :
Caroxylon ceresicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 159 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola ceresica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 820 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon chorassanicum (Botsch.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Iran (E-Iran); Afghanistan (Farah, Helmand, Kandahar, Nimroz); Pakistan (Quetta, Baluchistan)
34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola chorassanica Botsch.; Notul. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. Uzbekistan 18: 6 (1969)
species :
Caroxylon columnare (Botsch.) Theodorova; Turczaninowia 14(3): 75 (2011)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola columnaris Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 820 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon contrariifolium (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 159 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola contrariifolia Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 142 (1972)
species :
Caroxylon cryptopterum (Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 159 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola cryptoptera Aellen; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 4: 26 (1961)
species :
Caroxylon cyclophyllum (Baker) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, SE-Egypt); Iraq (S-Iraq); Iran (E-Iran, S-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley, S-Negev Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Rub al Khali, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Yemen; Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut)
20 EGY 34 IRN IRQ ISR SIN 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola cyclophylla Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 340 (1894)
species :
Caroxylon dealatum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 159 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola dealata Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 820 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon decussatum (C.A.Sm. ex Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 160 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola decussata C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nomen et ex Botsch., Bot. Zhurn. 59(1): 39 (1974), et Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 171 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon denudatum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 160 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola denudata Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 66(7): 1037 (1981)
species :
Caroxylon dinteri (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 160 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola dinteri Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 821 (1973)
= Salsola subsericea C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nomen
species :
Caroxylon divaricatum Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 177 (1849)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola capensis Botsch.; Bot. J., URSS 54: 989 (1969), in adnot.
= Salsola divaricata (Moq.) Ulbr.; Engl., Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2. 16c: 566 (1934), nom. illeg.
species :
Caroxylon dolichostigmum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 160 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola dolichostigma Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 832(1978)
species :
Caroxylon esterhuyseniae (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 161 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola esterhuyseniae Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 822 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon etoshense (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 161 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana
27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola etoshensis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 822 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon exalatum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 162 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola exalata Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 149 (1972)
species :
Caroxylon forcipitatum (Iljin) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: S-Uzbekistan; S-Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Qunduz, Samangan)
32 TZK UZB 34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola forcipitata Iljin; Bot. Zhurn. SSSR 18: 275 (1933)
species :
Caroxylon garubicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 162 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola garubica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 66(7): 1037 (1981)
species :
Caroxylon geminiflorum (Fenzl ex C.H.Wright) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 162 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola geminiflora Fenzl ex C.H.Wright; Harv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 5(1): 454 (1910)
species :
Caroxylon gemmascens (Pall.) Tzvelev; Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 50(1): 81 (1993)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Afghanistan (Balkh, Samangan); Mongolia
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Halimocnemis microphylla Turcz. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 816 (1851)
= Salsola gemmascens Pall.; Ill. Pl.: 24 (1803)
= Salsola verrucosa C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer.: 160 (1831), nom. illeg.
species :
Caroxylon gemmatum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 162 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola gemmata Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 832 (1978)
species :
Caroxylon gemmiferum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 162 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon tuberculatum var. flavovirens Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 178 (1849)
= Salsola gemmifera Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 823 (1973)
= Salsola vermiformis C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nomen
species :
Caroxylon gemmiparum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 163 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola gemmipara Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 833 (1978)
species :
Caroxylon genistoides Pau; Bol. Soc. Arag. 2: 71 (1806)
Distribution: S-Spain; Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola genistoides Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 7: 294 (1806)
species :
Caroxylon giessii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 163 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola giessii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 58(6): 824 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon glabrescens (Burtt Davy) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 BOT NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon glabrescens var. apiculatum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 163 (2017)
= Salsola glabrescens Burtt Davy; Man. Fl. Pl. & Ferns, Pt. 1. 50, 177 (1926)
= Salsola glabrescens var. apiculata Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 143 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon glabrum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 163 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola glabra Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 59(1): 39 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon henriciae (I.Verd.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 163 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola henriciae I.Verd.; J. S. African Bot. 29: 5 (1963)
species :
Caroxylon hoanibicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 163 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola hoanibica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(9): 1247 (1983)
species :
Caroxylon hottentotticum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 164 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola hottentottica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 833 (1978)
species :
Caroxylon huabicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 164 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola huabica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(9): 1247 (1983)
species :
Caroxylon humifusum (C.A.Sm. ex A.E.Brueckner) Theodorova; Turczaninowia 14(3): 75 (2011)
Distribution: South Africa (North-West Prov., Free State, N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola humifusa C.A.Sm. ex A.Brückn.; Bothalia 6: 215 (1951)
species :
Caroxylon iljinii (Botsch.) Akhani; Phytotaxa 249(1): 171 (2016)
Distribution: Turkmenistan (W-Kopet Dag); NE-Iran
32 TKM 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola iljinii Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 17: 131 (1980)
species :
Caroxylon imbricatum (Forssk.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria (incl. Hoggar); ?Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Valley, SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Mali; Niger; N-Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Israel (Rift Valley, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, Tihama, W-Yemen)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR WSA 22 MLI MTN NGR 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 34 IRQ ISR SIN 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon foetidum Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 178 (1849)
= Chenopodium baryosmon Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 6: 269 (1820)
= Nitrosalsola baryosma (Roem. & Schult.) Theodorova; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 72(5): 443 (2015)
= Salsola baryosma (Roem. & Schult.) Dandy; Andrews, Fl. Pl. Angl.-Eg. Sudan 1: 111 (1950)
= Salsola foetida Delile ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 1: 925 (1824), nom. illeg.
= Salsola foetida var. glabrescens Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 446 (1938)
= Salsola foetida var. scopiformis (Maire) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 8: 158 (1962)
= Salsola gemmascens subsp. maroccana Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast. 6: 50 (1970) (tentative synonym)
= Salsola imbricata Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arabia. 57 (1775)
= Salsola marosteum Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 191 (1849)
= Salsola spinescens Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 5: t. 1795 (1852), nom. illeg.
= Salsola vermiculata var. scopiformis Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 446 (1938)
variant :
var. hirtitepalum (Freitag) Falat., Freitag & Iamonico; Phytotaxa 331(1): 107 (2017)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Nimroz); Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Waziristan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab); India (Delhi, Haryana, Gujarat, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh)
34 AFG 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola imbricata var. hirtitepala Freitag; Fl. Pakistan 204: 160 (2001)
= Salsola moorcroftiana Wall.; Numer. List: no. 6947 (1832), nom. inval.
species :
Caroxylon inapertum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 164 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola inaperta Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 150 (1972)
species :
Caroxylon inermis (Forssk.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Egypt (Great Southwestern Desert, Nile Delta, NW-coastal Egypt); Turkey (Inner Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, S-Iraq); Iran; Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Israel (C-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz); Yemen (W-Yemen: Asir)
20 EGY 34 CYP IRN IRQ ISR JOR SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bassia pulverulenta H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 12 (1946)
= Salsola inermis Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 57 (1775)
species :
Caroxylon jordanicola (Eig) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Iraq (NW-Iraq, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Israel (Rift Valley, Judean Desert); Saudi Arabia (Asir, C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia); Kuwait
34 IRN IRQ ISR SYR 35 KUW SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola jordanicola Eig; Palest. J. Bot. Jerusalem ser. 3: 130 (1945)
species :
Caroxylon kalaharicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 164 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola kalaharica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 824 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon kleinfonteini (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 164 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola kleinfonteinii Botsch.; Bot Zhurn. 66(7): 1038 (1981), as ´kleinfonteini´
species :
Caroxylon koichabicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 165 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola koichabica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59(1): 40 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon littoralis (Moq.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar; Mozambique Channel Isl. [Iles Éparses] (Ile Europa)
29 MCI MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola littoralis Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 180 (1849)
= Salsola littoralis var. glabra Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 152 (1972)
= Sarcomorphis littoralis Bojer ex Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 180 (1849)
species :
Caroxylon marginatum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 165 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola marginata Botsch.; Bot Zhurn. 66(7): 1038 (1981)
species :
Caroxylon melananthum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 165 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola melanantha Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 825 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon merxmuelleri (Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 165 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola merxmuelleri Aellen; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 4: 22 (1961)
species :
Caroxylon microtrichum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 166 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola microtricha Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 826 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon minutifolium (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 166 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola minutifolia Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59(4): 537 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon mirabile (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 166 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola mirabilis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 834 (1978)
species :
Caroxylon namaqualandicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 166 (2017)
Distribution: Botswana; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 BOT SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola auriculata C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl., Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2. 16c: 566 (1934), nom. nud.
= Salsola namaqualandica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 826 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon namibicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 166 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola namibica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 827 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon nodulosum Moq.; DC., Prodr. 13 2: 177 (1849)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); NW-Iran
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola gemmascens subsp. nodulosa (Moq.) Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 6: 50 (1969)
= Salsola nodulosa (Moq.) Iljin; Acta Horti. Petrop. 43 4: 222, t. 286 (1930)
species :
Caroxylon nollothense (Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 167 (2017)
Distribution: SW-Angola; Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
26 ANG 27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon angolense (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 156 (2017)
= Caroxylon luederitzense (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 165 (2017)
= Salsola angolensis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 816 (1973)
= Salsola flexuosa C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nomen p. p.
= Salsola luederitzensis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 825 (1973)
= Salsola nollothensis Aellen; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 4: 24 (1961)
species :
Caroxylon okaukuejense (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 167 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola okaukuejensis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(9): 1248 (1983)
species :
Caroxylon omanense (Boulos) Freitag & G.Kadereit; J. Exp. Bot. 68(2): Suppl. Tab. S2 [2] (2016)
Distribution: Oman (Dhofar)
35 OMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon omanense (Boulos) Akhani & Rudov; Front. Plant Sci. 11-546518: 30 (2020), isonym
= Salsola omanensis Boulos; Kew Bull. 46: 297, f. 1 (1991)
species :
Caroxylon omaruruense (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 167 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola omaruruensis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(9): 1248 (1983)
species :
Caroxylon parviflorum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 167 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola parviflora Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 5911): 40 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon passerinum (Bunge) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Siberia (Tuva); China (Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Nei Mongol); Mongolia
30 SIB 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola gemmascens subsp. passerina (Bunge) Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 6: 51 (1969 publ. 1970)
= Salsola passerina Bunge; Linnaea 17: 4 (1843)
species :
Caroxylon patentipilosum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 167 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (North-West Prov., Free State)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola patentipilosa Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 827 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon pearsonii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 167 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola pearsonii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 828 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon persicum (Bunge ex Boiss.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Iran (NW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola persica Bunge; Boiss., Fl. 4: 964 (1879)
species :
Caroxylon phillipsii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 168 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola phillipsii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 829 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon pillansii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 168 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola pillansii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 58(6): 829 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon procerum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 168 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola procera Botsch.; Bot Zhurn. 66(7): 1039 (1981)
species :
Caroxylon ptilopterum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 168 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola ptiloptera Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 835 (1978)
species :
Caroxylon pulvinatum (Botsch.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Tajikistan
32 TZK
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola pulvinata Botsch.; Notul. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 22: 96 (1963)
species :
Caroxylon rabieanum (C.A.Sm. ex I.Verd.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 168 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Free State, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 BOT NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola rabieana C.A.Sm. ex I.Verd.; Bothalia 6: 218 (1951)
= Salsola aphylla var. virescens Fenzl ex Drège
species :
Caroxylon robinsonii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 168 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola robinsonii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 835 (1978)
species :
Caroxylon ruschii (Aellen) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 168 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola ruschii Aellen; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 4: 21 (1961)
species :
Caroxylon schreiberae (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 169 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola schreiberae Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59(1): 40 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon scleranthum (C.A.Mey.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Helmand, Kandahar, Nimroz, Samangan); China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon implicatum (Botsch.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 947 (2007)
= Salsola implicata Botsch.; Notul. Syst. Herb. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. Uzbek. 13: 6 (1952)
= Salsola sclerantha C.A.Mey.; Eichwald, Pl. Nov.: 35 (1835)
species :
Caroxylon scopiforme (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 169 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola eriosepala C.A.Sm. ex Ulbr.; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16c: 566 (1934), nomen
= Salsola scopiformis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59(1): 41 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon seminudum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 169 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola seminuda Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 830 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon sericatum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 169 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola sericata Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 830 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon seydelii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 169 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola seydelii Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. 59(1): 42 (1974)
species :
Caroxylon smithii (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 169 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola smithii Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 148 (1972)
species :
Caroxylon spenceri (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 170 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola spenceri Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 63(6): 836 (1978)
species :
Caroxylon spinescens (Moq.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 948 (2007)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Sudan; NE-Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; N-Somalia; Soqotra; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Oman; Yemen (Aden Desert, SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen)
20 EGY 24 DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 35 OMA SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola aethiopica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 60: 498 (1975)
= Salsola congesta N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1909: 50 (1909)
= Salsola forskalii Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4(App. 2): 160 (1896), nom. illeg.
= Salsola spinescens Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 179 (1849)
species :
Caroxylon squarrosulum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 170 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola squarrosula Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 831 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon stenopterum (Wagenitz) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 948 (2007)
Distribution: Turkey (Central Anatolia, Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola anatolica Aellen; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 28: 33 (1967)
= Salsola stenoptera Wagenitz; Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 72: 155 (1959)
species :
Caroxylon swakopmundi (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 170 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola swakopmundi Botsch.; Bot Zhurn. 66(7): 1039 (1981)
species :
Caroxylon tetramerum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 170 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola tetramera Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 831 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon tetrandrum (Forssk.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 948 (2007)
Name: Viermänniges Salzkraut (DE); Matabrusca quebradiza (ES)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura); Mauritania; Iran (W-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Israel (C-Israel, Rift Valley, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Rub al Khali, Asir, Nejd Desert); United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, SW-Yemen)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 21 CNY 22 MTN 34 IRN ISR JOR SIN SYR 35 OMA SAU UAE YEM
Remarks: tetrandra agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon tetragonum (Delile) Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 176 (1849)
= Halogeton tetragonus (Delile) Moq.; Chenop. Enum. 159 (1840)
= Halogeton tetrandrus (Forssk.) Moq.; Chenop. Monogr. Enum.: 160 (1840)
= Muratina zolotarevskyana Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 122 (1938), in obs.
= Salsola diplantha Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast. 9: 144 (1972)
= Salsola pachoi Volkens & Asch.; (Ill. Fl. Egypt.) in Mem. Inst. egypt. 2: 130 (1887)
= Salsola pentandra Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast. 9: 152 (1972)
= Salsola pentandra subsp. adisca Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast 9: 154 (1972)
= Salsola tetragona Delile; Descr. Egypte, Hist. Nat.: 203 (1814)
= Salsola tetragona var. tetrandra (Forssk.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 4: 957 (1879)
= Salsola tetrandra Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 58 (1775)
= Salsola tetrandra subsp. occidentalis Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast. 9: 154 (1972)
species :
Caroxylon tuberculatiforme (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 170 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola tuberculata var. tomentosa C.A.Sm. ex Aellen; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 5: 118 (1963)
= Salsola tuberculatiformis Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 832 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon tuberculatum (Fenzl ex Moq.) Theodorova; Turczaninowia 14(3): 75 (2011)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana
27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Caroxylon verrucosum Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 178 (1849)
= Salsola ericoides C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer.: 160 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Salsola tuberculata (Moq.) Fenzl ex Drège; Flora 2(Beig.): 92, 107, 217 (1843)
species :
Caroxylon turkestanicum (Litv.) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 948 (2007)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Helmand, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kandahar, Qunduz, Samangan); Pakistan (Baluchistan)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola bornmuelleri Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 60: 422 (1913)
= Salsola carinata C.A.Mey.; Eichw. Pl. Casp.-Caucasus 36. t. 28 (1831), non Spreng. (1825)
= Salsola carinatiformis Kinzik.; Izvest. Akad. Nauk Tadzhik. SSR, Ser. Biol. 3: Pt. 10, 23 (1962)
= Salsola leptoclada Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 60: 421 (1913)
= Salsola sclerantha var. carinata Minkw.; Consp. Fl. Turkest. 6: 243 (1916)
= Salsola turkestanica Litv.; Trav. Mus. Bot. Acad. Petersb. 7: 78 (1910)
species :
Caroxylon ugabicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 171 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola ugabica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(9): 1249 (1983)
species :
Caroxylon unjabicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 171 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola unjabica Botsch.; Bot Zhurn. 66(7): 1040 (1981)
species :
Caroxylon verdoorniae (Toelken) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 171 (2017)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola verdoorniae Toelken; J. S. African Bot. 39(3): 233 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon warmbadicum (Botsch.) Mucina; Phytotaxa 312(2): 171 (2017)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola warmbadica Botsch.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 58(6): 833 (1973)
species :
Caroxylon yazdianum (Assadi) Akhani & Roalson; Int. J. Pl. Sci. 168(6): 948 (2007)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola gemmascens subsp. kandaharica Botsch.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 19: 81 (1982)
= Salsola yazdiana Assadi; Iranian J. Bot. 2 2: 140 (1984)
species :
Caroxylon zeyheri Moq.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 13(2): 176. p. p. (1849)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Salsola zeyheri (Moq.) Bunge; Mem. Acad. Sci. Petersbourg, Ser. 7, 27(8): 13 (1880)
= Salsola zeyheri (Moq.) Schinz; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: App. 3, 62 (1897), isonym
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life