524.0000
Family
Araliaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 217 (1789), nom. cons.
44 genera, ca. 1700 spp. : 150 Indomalesia, 350 Polynesia/Australia, 150 tropical America. Inclusion of Hydrocotyloideae (formerly Apiaceae) confirmed by molecular phylogeny.
Species listed in database: 1686; hybrids: 7
= Botryodendraceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 231 (1858)
= Hederaceae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl.: 519 (1792)
= Hydrocotylaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 258 (1820), nom. cons.
524.2323
Genus
Polyscias J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.; Char. Gen. 63. t. 32 (1775)
Distribution: Tropical Old World, extending into Pacific islands (many in Hawaii), Australia, Madagascar (41). Re-inclusion of many former split genera see Lowry & Plunkett 2010. Numerous (at least 80) undescribed species remain in Madagascar.
Species listed in database: 181
= Arthrophyllum Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 878 (1826)
= Bonnierella R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 314 (1905)
= Botryopanax Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 5 (1863)
= Cuphocarpus Decne. & Planch.; Rev. Hort. (Paris), sér. 4, 3: 109 (1854)
= Dipanax Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 130 (1868)
= Eremopanax Baill.; Adansonia 12: 158 (1878)
= Eupteron Miq.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 4: 139 (1856)
= Gastonia Comm. ex Lam.; Encycl. 2: 610 (1788)
= Gelibia Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967)
= Grotefendia Seem.; J. Bot. 2: 247 (1864)
= Indokingia Hemsl.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 29: t. 2805 (1909)
= Irvingia F.Muell.; Fragm. 5: 17 (1865), nom. illeg.
= Kissodendron Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 201 (1865)
= Maralia Thouars; Gen. Nov. Madagasc.: 13 (1806)
= Montagueia Baker f.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 45: 291 (1921)
= Munroidendron Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 21 (1952)
= Nesodoxa Calest.; Webbia 1: 100 (1905)
= Nothopanax Miq.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 4: 139 (1856)
= Oligoscias Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 179 (1865)
= Palmervandenbroekia Gibbs; Fl. Arfak Mts.: 162 (1917)
= Peekeliopanax Harms; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 478 (1926)
= Pterotropia W.F.Hillebr.; Fl. Hawaiian Isl.: 149 (1888)
= Reynoldsia A.Gray; U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 723 (1854)
= Sciadopanax Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 73 (1865)
= Shirleyopanax Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 484 (1928), pro syn.
= Tetraplasandra A.Gray; U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 727 (1854)
= Tieghemopanax R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 305 (1905)
= Triplasandra Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 139 (1868)
species :
Polyscias aculeata
(Decne. & Planch.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cuphocarpus aculeatus Decne. & Planch.; Rev. Hortic. 109 (1854)
= Cuphocarpus inermis Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 350 (1884)
= Gastonia aculeata Thouars ex Decne. & Planch.; Rev. Hort. (Paris), sér. 4, 3: 109 (1854), pro syn.
= Panax cuphocarpus Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 66 (1897)
= Polyscias inermis (Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 45 (1894)
species :
Polyscias acuminata
(Wight) Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 181 (1865)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Eupteron acuminatum (Wight) Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: I. 762 (1855)
= Hedera acuminata Wight; Ic. t. 1062 (1846)
species :
Polyscias aemiliguineae
Bernardi; Candollea 29(1): 153 (1974)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Conservation Status: IUCN E
species :
Polyscias aequatoguineensis
Lejoly & Lisowski; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 67(1-4): 112 (1999)
Distribution: Equatorial Guinea; Gabon
23 EQG GAB
species :
Polyscias aherniana
(Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010)
Distribution: N-Borneo; Brunei; Philippines (widespread); Moluccas (Talaud Isl., Ternate Isl.)
42 BOR BRN MOL PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum ahernianum Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1: Suppl. 109 (1906)
= Arthrophyllum borneense Merr.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 231 (1929), non Baker (1896)
= Arthrophyllum elmeri Merr.; Webbia 7: 319 (1950)
= Arthrophyllum merrillianum Furtado; Gard. Bull. Singapore 19: 185 (1962), nom. illeg.
= Arthrophyllum sablanense Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 1: 331 (1908)
species :
Polyscias albersiana
Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 182 (1901)
Distribution: Tanzania; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Sciadopanax albersianus (Harms) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 305 (1905)
species :
Polyscias alternifolia
(Maingay ex Ridl.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Johore, Penang, Selangor, Malacca)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum alternifolium Maingay ex Ridl.; Fl. Mal. Penins. 1: 886 (1922)
= Arthrophyllum pinnatum Maingay ex C.B.Clarke; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 734 (1879)
species :
Polyscias amplifolia
(Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia amplifolia (Baker) R.Vig.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. IX. 4: 139 (1906)
= Panax amplifolius Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 351 (1884)
= Panax gomphophyllus Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: (1887) 480 (gomphophylla)
= Polyscias gomphophylla (Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 45 (1894)
species :
Polyscias anacardium
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 50 (1971)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias andrearum
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 50 (1971)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias angustifolia
(Ridl.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak); Brunei
42 BRN MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum angustifolium Ridl.; J. Fed. Mal. States Mus. 10: 136 (1920)
species :
Polyscias ariadnes
Bernardi; Czndollea. 26(1): 29 (1971)
Distribution: NC-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias ashtonii
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum ashtonii Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 303 (1977)
species :
Polyscias aubrevillei
(Bernardi) Bernardi; Candollea. 26(1): 26 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Sciadopanax aubrevillei Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 372 (1966)
species :
Polyscias australiana
(F.Muell.) Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 171 (1978)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
Remarks: Subgen. Kissodendron
Synonyms: hidden
= Hedera australiana F.Muell.; Fragm. 4: 120 (1864)
= Irvingia australiana (F.Muell.) F.Muell.; Fragm. 5: 18 (1865)
= Kissodendron australianum (F.Muell.) Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 201 (1865)
= Kissodendron australianum var. furfuraceum C.T.White; Contr. Arnold Arbor. 4: 83 (1933)
species :
Polyscias baehniana
(Bernardi) Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 21 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Sciadopanax baehnianus Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 374 (1966)
species :
Polyscias balansae
(Baill.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax balansae Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Tieghemopanax balansae (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 307 (1905)
species :
Polyscias balfouriana
(Hort.Sander.) L.H.Bailey; Rhodora 18: 153 (1916)
Distribution: India [c]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Australia (Queensland: Coral Sea Islands); New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Honduras [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]
40 ind 41 cbd vie 50 AUS 60 nwc van 80 hon 81 his pue
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia balfouriana Hort.; ex Cat. Pl. Jard. Aclim. Orotava, 29 (1923), nomen ex André
= Panax balfourii Pynaert ex Sand.; Cat. 1899: 24 (1899)
species :
Polyscias baretiana
Bernardi; Candollea 29(1): 147 (1974)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias belensis
Philipson; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Hist. Nat.) Bot. 1: 13 (1951)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Eupteron
species :
Polyscias bellendenkerensis
(F.M.Bailey) Philipson; Austrobaileya 1(1): 24 (1977)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Remarks: Subgen. Kissodendron
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Kissodendron bellendenkeriense (F.M.Bailey) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 484 (1928)
= Pentapanax bellendenkeriensis F.M.Bailey; Queensland Agric. J. 15: 491 (1900)
= Polyscias bellendenkeriensis (F.M.Bailey) C.B.Shang; Proc. Intern. Symp. Bot. Gard. (ed. Y. W. Yuan et al.): 632 (1990), isonym
= Shirleyopanax bellendenkeriensis Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 484 (1928)
species :
Polyscias bernardiana
Lowry & Callm.; Candollea 75(1): 109 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias bernieri
(Baill. ex Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 303 (1905)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax bernieri Baill. ex Drake; J. Bot. 11: 60, t. 1 (1897)
species :
Polyscias biformis
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum biforme Philipson; Bull. Mus. Nation. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, 1983(2): 237 (1983), nom. nov.
= Arthrophyllum diversifolium (Däniker) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978), non Blume 1826
= Eremopanax diversifolius Däniker; Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Zürich 78: Beibl. 19, 333 (1933)
species :
Polyscias bipinnata
(Gibbs) Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 170 (1978)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Kissodendron
Synonyms: hidden
= Kissodendron bipinnatum Gibbs; Phytogeogr, & Fl. Arfak Mts. 161 (1917)
species :
Polyscias bisattenuata
(Sherff) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 73 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra bisattenuata Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 26 (1952)
species :
Polyscias boivinii
(Seem.) Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 23 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax boivinii (Seem.) Benth.; G. Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 1: 938 (1867)
= Panax grevei Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 66 (1897)
= Sciadopanax boivinii Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 74 (1865)
= Sciadopanax grevei (Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 304 (1905)
species :
Polyscias borbonica
Marais; Kew Bull. 39(4): 814 (1984)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
species :
Polyscias borneensis
Philipson; J. Bot., Lond. 78: 118 (1940)
Distribution: N-Borneo; Palawan
42 BOR PLW
Remarks: Subgen. Eupteron
species :
Polyscias botryophora
Harms; Engl. Bot. Jahrh. 39: 214 (1906)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Parapentapanax botryophorus (Harms) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 56 (1967), in adnot.
species :
Polyscias bracteata
(R.Vig.) Lowry; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 284 (2003 publ. 2004)
subspecies :
subsp. bracteata
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax sessiliflorum Pancher ex Sebert; Not. Bois Nouv. Caled. 202, et ex Carrière in Rev. Hortic. 248 (1874)
= Tieghemopanax bracteatus R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 307 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax sessiliflorus R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 308 (1905)
subspecies :
subsp. subincisa
(R.Vig.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 78 (2010)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Polyscias subincisa (R.Vig.) Lowry; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 298 (2003 publ. 2004)
= Tieghemopanax subincisus R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 307 (1905)
species :
Polyscias briquetiana
(Bernardi) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 65 (2010)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cuphocarpus briquetianus Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 354 (1966)
species :
Polyscias carolorum
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 43 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias cenabrei
(Merr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010)
Distribution: Philippines (Cebu)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum cenabrei Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 20: 417 (1922)
species :
Polyscias chapelieri
(Drake) Harms ex R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 303 (1905)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax chapelieri Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 64 (1897)
= Polyscias tennantii Bernardi; Candollea 26: 65 (1971)
species :
Polyscias cissiflora
(Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax cissiflorum Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 154 (1883)
species :
Polyscias cissodendron
(C.Moore & F.Muell.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 45 (1894)
Distribution: Lord Howe Isl.; Santa Cruz Isl.; New Caledonia; Vanuatu
50 LHI 60 NWC SCZ VAN
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Montagueia haplostemon Baker f. [J.Linn.Soc., Bot.45: 291 (1921)]
= Nothopanax cissodendron (C.Moore & F.Muell.) W.R.B.Oliv.; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 49: 145 (1917)
= Panax cissodendron C.Moore & F.Muell.; Fragm. 7: 96 8: 280 (1870)
= Panax myriophyllus Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Polyscias monticola Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 216 (1906)
= Polyscias myriophylla (Baill.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 2: 8 45 (1894)
= Polyscias neoebudarum (Guillaumin) B.C.Stone; Taxon 14: 285 (1965)
= Tieghemopanax cissodendron (C.Moore & F.Muell.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 311 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax microcarpus R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 310 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax monticola (Harms) R.Vig.; J. de Bot. 1910-13, Ser. II. 3: 68 (1925)
= Tieghemopanax myriophyllus (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 311 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax neoebudarum Guillaumin; J. Arnold Arbor. 12: 254 (1931)
species :
Polyscias collina
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum collinum Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 305 (1977)
species :
Polyscias compacta
Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 66 (2010), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Polyscias commersonii (Drake) R.Vig.; (1905)
= Cuphocarpus commersonii Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 356 (1966)
species :
Polyscias confertifolia
Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax confertifolius Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 351 (1884)
variant :
var. angusta
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 71 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias coriacea
Marais; Kew Bull. 39(4): 812 (1984)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
species :
Polyscias corticata
Gibbs; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 39: 149 (1909)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Polyscias crassa
(Hemsl.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 79 (2010)
Distribution: Seychelles
29 SEY
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia crassa (Hemsl.) F.Friedmann; Bull. Mus. Nation. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Ser. 4, 8(3): 246 (1986)
= Indokingia crassa Hemsl.; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2805 (1906)
species :
Polyscias crenata
(Pancher & Sebert) Frodin; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 285 (2003 publ. 2004)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia gemma Linden; Gard. Chron., no. s. 13(2): 12 (1880)
= Aralia splendidissima W.Bull ex W.Richards; Gard. Chron., no. s. 9: 439 (1878)
= Dizygotheca splendidissima (W.Bull ex W.Richards) N.Taylor; L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2: 1062 (1914)
= Panax austrocaledonicus Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Panax crenatus Pancher & Sebert; Not. Bois Nouv. Caléd.: 202 (1874)
= Polyscias austrocaledonica (Baill.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
= Tieghemopanax austrocaledonicus (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 313 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax crenatus (Pancher & Sebert) Lowry
species :
Polyscias culminicola
A.C.Sm.; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 37: 85 (1967)
Distribution: Fiji (Viti Levu)
60 FIJ
species :
Polyscias cumingiana
(C.Presl) Fern.Villar; Blanco, Fl. Phillip. ed. III. Nov. App. 102 (1880)
Distribution: China [I] (Fujian [I], Hainan [I]); Vietnam [I]; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines [I]; Java; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Vanuatu; Fiji [I]; Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Jaluit [I]); Mexico [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Peru [I]
36 chi 41 vie 42 BOR JAW MLY MOL NWG phi SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 60 fij VAN 61 sci tua 62 mrs 79 mex 81 pue trt 82 clm 83 per
Synonyms: hidden
= Anomopanax cumingianus (C.Presl) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 300 (1920 publ. 1921)
= Aralia naumannii Marchal; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 7: 469 (1886)
= Arthrophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Maingay ex C.B.Clarke; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 734 (1879)
= Nothopanax crispatus (W.Bull) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 7: 241 (1912)
= Nothopanax cumingianus (C.Presl) Seem.; Fl. Vit.: 114 (1866)
= Nothopanax pinnatus (Lam.) Miq.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 4: 139 (1856)
= Panax bandanense Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 208 (1841), nom. inval. in syn.
= Panax crispatus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 242: 9 (1888)
= Panax cumingianus (C.Presl) Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 310 (1884)
= Panax pinnatus Lam.; Encycl. 2: 715 (1788), non P. pinnata G. Forst.
= Panax secundus Schult.; Syst. Veg. 6: 213 (1820), nom. illeg.
= Paratropia cumingiana C.Presl; Epim. Bot. 250 (1851)
= Polyscias crispata (W.Bull) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 2: 367 (1988)
= Polyscias cumingii (C.Presl) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
= Polyscias filicifolia (C.Moore ex E.Fourn.) V.L.Bailey; Rhodora 18: 153 (1916)
= Polyscias rumphiana Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 2(8): 45 (1894)
species :
Polyscias cussonioides
(Drake) Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 46 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax cussonioides Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 62 (1897)
= Tieghemopanax cussonioides (Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 314 (1905)
species :
Polyscias cutispongia
(Lam.) Baker; Fl. Maurit. 127 (1877)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia cutispongia Lam.; Encyc. 2: 610 (1788)
= Gastonia heptapleurum Baill.; Adansonia 12: 166 (1878)
= Gastonia spongiosa Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 23 (1806), nom. illeg.
= Schefflera baillonii R.Vig.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 9, 4: 139 (1906), nom. illeg.
species :
Polyscias dichrostachya
Baker; Fl. Maurit. 127 (1877)
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Botryopanax dichrostachyus (Baker) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967)
= Gilibertia dichrostachya Bojer; Hort. Maurit. 162 (1837)
= Panax dichrostachya (Baker) Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 62 (1897)
species :
Polyscias dioica
(Vieill. ex Pancher & Sebert) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Cussonia dioica Vieill. ex Pancher & Sebert; Not. Bois Nouv. Caled. 203 (1874)
= Panax dioicus (Vieill. ex Pancher & Sebert) Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Panax nigrescens (R.Vig.) Pancher ex R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 311 (1905)
= Panax pulchellus Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Panax simarubifolius Baill. ex R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 312 (1905), pro syn.
= Panax suborbicularis Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Polyscias pulchella (Baill.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
= Polyscias schlechteri Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 217 (1906)
= Polyscias simarubifolia (R.Vig.) Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 215 (1906)
= Polyscias suborbicularis (Baill.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
= Tieghemopanax dioicus (Vieill. ex Pancher & Sebert) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 313 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax nigrescens R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 811 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax pulchellus (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 311 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax schlechteri (Harms) R.Vig.; J. de Bot. 191O-13, Ser. II. 3: 71 (1925)
= Tieghemopanax simarubifolius R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 42: 312 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax suborbicularis (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 310 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax viguieri Däniker; Vierteliahrsschr. Nat. Ges. ZUrich 78: Beibl. 19, 331 (1933)
species :
Polyscias diversifolia
(Blume) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: Andaman Isl.; Thailand; Cambodia; Singapore; Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali); Moluccas
41 AND CBD THA 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MOL SNG SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum dilatatum Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: I. 768 (1856)
= Arthrophyllum diversifolium Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 879 (1826)
= Arthrophyllum meliifolium var. kratense Craib; Fl. Siam. 1: 802 (1931)
= Dendropanax ovatus (Blume) Seem.; J. Bot. 2: 301 (1864)
= Hedera ovata Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Syst. 3: 392 (1834), descr.
species :
Polyscias duplicata
(Thouars ex Baill.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 66 (2010)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia duplicata Thouars ex Baill.; Adansonia 12: 166 (1878)
= Gastonia emirnensis Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 350 (1884)
species :
Polyscias elegans
(C.Moore & F.Muell.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
42 NWG 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia elegans A.Cunn. ex W.Hill; Cat. Nat. Industr. Prod. Queensland: 18 (1862)
= Gelibia branderhorstii (Harms) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967)
= Gelibia elegans (C.Moore & F.Muell.) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 58 (1967)
= Nothopanax elegans (C.Moore & F.Muell.) Seem.; Fl. Vit. 114 (1866)
= Panax elegans C.Moore & F.Muell.; Trans. & Proc. Philos. Inst. Victoria 2: 68 (1858)
= Panax polybotryus F.Muell.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 9: 229 (1857)
= Polyscias branderhorstii Harms; Lorentz, Nov. Guinea 8: 274 (1910)
= Tieghemopanax elegans (C.Moore & F.Muell.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 308 (1905)
species :
Polyscias elliptica
(Blume) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: Vietnam; Sumatra (Bangka Isl.); Java
41 VIE 42 JAW SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum blumeanum var. ellipticum (Blume) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 27 (1863)
= Arthrophyllum blumeanum Zoll. & Moritzi; Zoll., Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. 1: 41 (1854), nom. illeg.
= Arthrophyllum ellipticum Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 879 (1826)
= Arthrophyllum javanicum Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 879 (1826)
species :
Polyscias engganoense
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: S-Sumatra (Enggano Isl.)
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum engganoense Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 305 (1977)
species :
Polyscias eupteronoides
(Teijsm. & Binn.) Frodin; Gard. Bull. Singapore 71(Suppl. 2): 184 (2019)
Distribution: Java (Sangiang Isl.)
42 JAW
Remarks: imperfectly known
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia eupteronoides Teijsm. & Binn.; Tijdschr. Nederl. Ind. 25: 416 (1863)
species :
Polyscias farinosa
(Delile) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 45 (1894)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia farinosa Delile; Voy. Abyssinie 3: 125 (1848)
= Aralia pinnata Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 335 (1848)
= Nothopanax farinosus (Delile) Seem.; J. Bot. 4: 295 (1866)
= Nothopanax schimperi K.Koch; K. Koch & Fintelm. Wochenschr. 2: 78 (1859)
= Panax pinnatus A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 335 (1848), nom. illeg.
= Polyscias lepidota Chiov.; Atti R. Accad. Ital., Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis. etc. 11: (Pl. Nov. Aethiop.) 32 (1940)
= Sciadopanax farinosa (Delile) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 304 (1905)
species :
Polyscias felicis
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 40 (1971)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
species :
Polyscias filicifolia
(C.Moore ex E.Fourn.) L.H.Bailey; Rhodora 18: 153 (1916)
Name: Gallego, Parici (Dominican Republic), Feuilles paresseux, Persillette, Paresseux, Paresseux de clotures (Haiti), Cubano, Filipino (Puerto Rico)
Distribution: only cultivated known; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; New Guinea [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Fiji [I]; Wallis & Futuna [I]; Gilbert Isl. [I]; Honduras [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Tortola [I])
22 ben 23 cmn 42 nwg 60 fij gil nwc wal 80 hon 81 his vir
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia filicifolia C.Moore ex E.Fourn.; Ill. Hort. 23: 72 (1876)
= Aralia spectabilis W.Bull, Gard.Chron.; II 5: 603 (1876)
= Panax ornatus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 242: 9 (1888)
= Nothopanax ornatus (W.Bull) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 7: 241 (1912)
species :
Polyscias floccosa
(Drake) Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 22 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax floccosa Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 62 (1897)
= Sciadopanax floccosa (Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 304 (1905)
species :
Polyscias florosa
Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 170 (1978)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Remarks: Subgen. Eupteron
species :
Polyscias flynnii
(Lowry & K.R.Wood) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, IUCN E, known from only a few individuals
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra flynnii Lowry & K.R.Wood; Novon 10(1): 40 (2000)
species :
Polyscias fraxinifolia
(Baker) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 303 (1905)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax fraxinifolia (Baker) Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 59 (1897)
= Cussonia fraxinifolia Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 157 (1883)
variant :
var. crassa
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 63 (1971)
Distribution: C-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias fruticosa
(L.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 45 (1894)
Distribution: only cultivated known; Guinea [I]; Mozambique [I]; China [I] (Hainan [I]); Bonin Isl. [I] (Chichijima [I]); India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I] (South Andamans [I]); Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Sumatra [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Borneo [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Moluccas [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I]; Bismarck Arch. [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Tongatapu [I]); Vanuatu [I]; Fiji [I]; Gilbert Isl. [I] (Abaiang [I]); N-Line Isl. [I] (Teraina [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Palau [I] (Kayangel [I], Koror [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Saipan [I], Tinian [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Truk [I], Udot [I], Namoluk [I], Etal [I], Lukunor [I], Satawan [I], Nukuoro [I], Kapingamarangi [I], Pohnpei [I], Mokil [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Majuro [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Mexico [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]
22 gui 26 moz 36 chi 38 oga 40 ban ind 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 bor jaw mol nwg phi sul sum xms 43 bis 50 aus 60 fij gil rot ton van 61 coo lin sci 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu 79 mex 80 cos hon 81 his pue trt vir 82 clm 83 ecu per
Remarks: Subgen. Polyscias
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia deleauana L.Linden; Cat. Gén. 109: 1 (1883)
= Aralia fruticosa (L.) L.H.Bailey; Standard Cycl. Hort. 2747 (1916)
= Aralia massangeana Van Geert; Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 83: 3 (1882)
= Aralia tripinnata Blanco; Fl. filip. ed. I. 223 (1837)
= Nothopanax fruticosus (L.) Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: I. 765 (1856)
= Nothopanax fruticosus var. plumatus (W.Bull ex T.Moore & Mast.) Merr.; Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 5: 358 (1912)
= Panax aureus Sander; Nursery Cat. (Sander & Co.) 1899: 22 (1899)
= Panax diffusus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 193: 15 (1883)
= Panax dissectus G.Nicholson; Ill. Dict. Gard. 3: 14 (1886)
= Panax dumosus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 193: 15 (1883)
= Panax fissus W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 199: 14 (1884)
= Panax fruticosus L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2.: 1513 (1763)
= Panax fruticosus var. crispus W.Bull ex Rafarin; Rev. Hort. 48: 216 (1876)
= Panax fruticosus var. deleauanus (L.Linden) N.E.Br.; Ill. Hort. 30: 109 (1883)
= Panax plumatus Barb.Rodr.; Hort. Flumin. 1893: 243 (1895), nom. illeg.
= Panax plumatus W.Bull ex W.Richards; Gard. Chron., no. s. 9: 439 (1878)
= Polyscias fruticosa var. plumata (W.Bull ex W.Richards) L.H.Bailey; Rhodora 18: 153 (1916)
= Tieghemopanax fruticosus (L.) R.Vig.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. IX. 4: 61 (1906)
species :
Polyscias fulva
(Hiern) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: Guinea; Sierra Leone; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Yemen
22 BEN GHA GUI NGA SIE TOG 23 BIO BUR CAB CAF CMN CON RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 35 YEM
Conservation Status: IUCN NT (Cameroon)
Synonyms: hidden
= Botryopanax fulvus (Hiern) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967)
= Panax ferrugineus Hiern; D. Oliv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Tropical Africa 3: 28 (1877)
= Panax fulvus Hiern; D. Oliv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Tropical Africa 3: 28 (1877)
= Panax nigericus A.Chev.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 58(8): 178 (1911 publ. 1912)
= Polyscias elliotii Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 246 (1899)
= Polyscias ferruginea (Hiern) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
= Polyscias malosana Harms; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 20 (1902)
= Polyscias polybotrya Harms; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 20 (1902)
= Polyscias preussii Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 245 (1899)
= Sciadopanax elliotii (Harms) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 305 (1905)
= Sciadopanax ferrugineus (Hiern) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 304 (1905)
= Sciadopanax fulvus (Hiern) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 304 (1905)
= Sciadopanax malosanus (Harms) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 305 (1905)
= Sciadopanax polybotrya (Harms) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 305 (1905)
= Sciadopanax preussii (Harms) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 305 (1905)
species :
Polyscias gracilis
Marais; Kew Bull. 39(4): 811 (1984)
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
Conservation Status: IUCN E
species :
Polyscias gruschvitzkii
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 53 (1971)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias guilfoylei
(W.Bull ex Cogn. & Marchal) Bailey; Rhodora 18: 153 (1916)
Name: Geranium aralia
Distribution: only cultivated known; Guinea [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; Mozambique [I]; China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Hainan [I]); Taiwan [I]; India [c]; Maldives [I]; Thailand [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Moluccas [I]; New Guinea [I]; Bismarck Arch. [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I]; Santa Cruz Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Tuvalu [I] (Nui Atoll [I]); Tokelau [I] (Swains Isl. [I]); Gilbert Isl. [I] (Tarawa [I], Tabiteuea [I], Onotoa [I]); Nauru [I]; N-Line Isl. [I] (Tabueran [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (widespread, incl. Rarotonga [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Bora Bora [I], Raiatea [I], Tahiti [I], Tetiaroa Atoll [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I]); Austral Isl. [I] (Tubuai [I]); Pitcairn Isl. [I]; Palau [I] (Koror [I], Sonsorol [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Lukunor [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Ailinglapalap [I], Majuro [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Wake Isl. [I]; USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Honduras [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Peru [I]
22 ben gui 23 cmn 26 moz 36 chi 38 tai 40 ind mdv 41 tha vie 42 mol nwg phi 43 bis 60 fij gil nru nue rot scz tok ton tuv van 61 aui coo lin pit sci tua 62 gum mic mrs plu wak 78 usa 79 mex 80 hon pan 81 bah his jam pue trt vir 82 clm 83 per
Remarks: Subgen. Polyscias
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia guilfoylei W.Bull; Gard. Chron. 1873: 606 (1873)
= Aralia laciniata (Rob.) Rafarin; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 49: 326 (1877)
= Aralia maculata W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 121: 3 (1876)
= Aralia monstrosa B.S.Williams; Nursery Cat. (B.S.Williams) 1880: 13 (1880)
= Nothopanax fruticosus var. victoriae (W.Bull ex T.Moore & Mast.) Merr.; Publ. Bur. Sci. Gov. Lab. 5: 358 (1912)
= Nothopanax guilfoylei (W.Bull) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 7: 242 (1912)
= Panax guilfoylei (W.Bull) Cogn. & Marchal; Pl. Ornament. 2: (1874) t.58
= Panax laciniatus Rob.; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 9: 436 (1876)
= Panax victoriae Barb.Rodr.; Hort. Flumin. 1892: 243 (1895)
= Panax victoriae W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 193: 15 (1883)
= Polyscias guilfoylei var. laciniata (Rob.) L.H.Bailey; Rhodora 18: 153 (1916)
= Polyscias guilfoylei var. monstrosa (B.S.Williams) L.H.Bailey; Rhodora 18(211): 153 (1916)
= Polyscias guilfoylei var. victoriae (W.Bull ex T.Moore & Mast.) L.H.Bailey; Rhodora 18(211): 153 (1916)
species :
Polyscias gymnocarpa
(Hillebr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered, IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Dipanax gymnocarpus (Hillebr.) A.Heller; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 870 (1895)
= Heptapleurum gymnocarpum (Hillebr.) Drake; Ill. Ins. Mar. Pacif. Fasc. 6 183 (1890)
= Pterotropia gymnocarpa Hillebr.; Fl. Haw. Isl. 151 (1888)
= Pterotropia gymnocarpa var. pupukeensis O.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 281: s. p. (1938)
= Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa (Hillebr.) Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 7, 12 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa var. leptocarpa Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 15 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa var. megalocarpa Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 15 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa var. pupukeensis (O.Deg.) Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 13 (1953)
species :
Polyscias havilandii
(Ridl.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum havilandii Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 494 (1933)
species :
Polyscias hawaiensis
(A.Gray) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra hawaiensis A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 728. t. 94 (1854)
= Tetraplasandra hawaiensis var. awiniensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 37 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra hawaiensis var. gracilis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 38 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra hawaiensis var. microcarpa Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 38 (1952)
species :
Polyscias heineana
Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 364 (1966)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias humbertiana
(Bernardi) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 66 (2010)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cuphocarpus humbertianus Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 358 (1966)
species :
Polyscias jackiana
(G.Don) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (Middle Andamans, South Andamans); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi
41 AND NCB 42 BOR MLY SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum borneense Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 23 (1896)
= Arthrophyllum congestum Ridl.; J. Fed. Mal. States Mus. 10: 137 (1920)
= Arthrophyllum jackianum (G.Don) Frodin; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 85 (2003 publ. 2004)
= Arthrophyllum ovatifolium Jungh. & de Vriese; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. III. 6: (1846) 117 ("ovalifolium")
= Hedera jackiana G.Don; Gen. Syst. 3: 394 (1834)
= Panax jackianus Wall.; Numer. List: no. 4931 (1831), nom. nud.
species :
Polyscias jacobsii
Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 171 (1978)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Palmervandenbrockia
Conservation Status: only type known
species :
Polyscias javanica
Koord. & Valeton; Meded. ´S Lands Plantent. 42: 13 (1900)
Distribution: E-Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba)
42 JAW LSI
species :
Polyscias joskei
Gibbs; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 39: 149 (1909)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
Synonyms: hidden
= Botryopanax joskei (Gibbs) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967)
species :
Polyscias kalabenonensis
Lowry & Callm.; Candollea 64(2): 187 (2009)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias kavaiensis
(H.Mann) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Agalma kavaiense (H.Mann) Seem.; Revis. Hederac. 103 (1868)
= Dipanax dipyrenus (H.Mann) A.Heller; Minnes. Bot. Studies 1: 870 (1895)
= Dipanax kavaiensis (H.Mann) A.Heller; Minnes. Bot. Studies 1: 871 (1895)
= Dipanax mannii Seem.; J. Bot. 6: (1868) 130. nom. illeg.
= Heptapleurum dipyrenum H.Mann; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 168 (1867)
= Heptapleurum kavaiense H.Mann; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 168 (1867)
= Pterotropia dipyrena (H.Mann) Hillebr.; Fl. Haw. Isl. 149 (1888)
= Pterotropia kaalae Skottsb.; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 10: 151 (1936), in adnot., non (Hillebr.) Harms (1935)
= Pterotropia kavaiensis (H.Mann) Hillebr.; Fl. Haw. Isl. 151 (1888)
= Schefflera dipyrena (H.Mann) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 162 (1879)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis (H.Mann) Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 7, 10 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis var. dipyrena (H.Mann) Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 11 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis var. grandis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 14 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis var. intercedens Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 13 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis var. koloana Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 12 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis var. nahikuensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 13 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis var. occidua O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 7 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra kavaiensis var. robustior Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 12 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra micrantha Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 7, 11 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra turbans Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 7, 16 (1952)
species :
Polyscias kikuyuensis
Summerh.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 242 (1926)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
Conservation Status: IUCN R
species :
Polyscias kivuensis
Bamps; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg. 41(2): 249 (1971)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
species :
Polyscias kjellbergii
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: SE-Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum kjellbergii Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 309 (1977)
species :
Polyscias koordersii
(Harms) Frodin; Gard. Bull. Singapore 71(Suppl. 2): 181 (2019)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra koordersii Harms; Ann. Jard. Buitenz. 19: 12 (1904)
species :
Polyscias lancifolia
(Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 304 (1905)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax lancifolius Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 65 (1897)
species :
Polyscias lantzii
(Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 304 (1905)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax lantzii Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 65 (1897)
species :
Polyscias lanutoensis
(Hochr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: American Samoa (Ta´u); [Western] Samoa (´Upolu)
60 ASA SAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Reynoldsia grayana Christoph.; Bull. Bishop Mus., Honolulu, NO. 128, 161 (1935)
= Reynoldsia lanutoensis Hochr.; Candollea 2: 482 (1925)
= Reynoldsia tauensis A.C.Sm. & B.C.Stone; J. Arn. Arb. 49: 465 (1968)
species :
Polyscias leandriana
(Bernardi) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 66 (2010)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cuphocarpus leandrianus Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 359 (1966)
species :
Polyscias lecardii
(R.Vig.) Lowry; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 291 (2003 publ. 2004)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Tieghemopanax lecardii R.Vig.; J. de Bot. 191O-13, Ser. II. 3: 66 (1925)
species :
Polyscias ledermannii
Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 409 (1921)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Eupteron
Synonyms: hidden
= Polyscias clemensiana Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 69: 283 (1938)
= Polyscias forbesii Baker f. [J.Bot., lxi Suppl.22 (1923)]
species :
Polyscias letestui
C.Norman; J. Bot., Lond. 75: 167 (1937)
Distribution: Gabon; Angola
23 GAB 26 ANG
species :
Polyscias lionnetii
(F.Friedmann) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 79 (2010)
Distribution: Seychelles (Mahe)
29 SEY
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia lionnetii F.Friedmann; Bull. Mus. Nation. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Ser. 4, 8(3): 253 (1986)
species :
Polyscias lydgatei
(Hillebr.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra lydgatei (Hillebr.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 30 (1894)
= Tetraplasandra lydgatei var. brachypoda Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 19 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra lydgatei var. coriacea Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 21 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra lydgatei var. forbesii Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 20 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra lydgatei var. leptorhachis O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 20 (1952)
= Triplasandra lydgatei Hillebr.; Fl. Haw. Isl. 153 (1888)
species :
Polyscias macgillivrayi
(Seem.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 45 (1894)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, Musi Isl., d´Entrecasteaux Arch., Trobriand Isl., Louisiade Arch.); Bismarck Arch. (New Britain); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Queensland); Santa Cruz Isl.; Palau (Babeldaob, Koror, Ngarakabesang, Ulebsechel, Urukthapel, Ngeanges, Peleliu, Angaur, Akoro-kaisan [Agol?], Gatulel); Northern Marianas (Pagan, Alamagan, Sarigan, Saipan, Tinian, Rota); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Truk, Moen, Dublon, Piis, Pueles, Fanano, Eten)
42 NWG 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 SCZ 62 GUM MIC MRN PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Nothopanax macgillivrayi Seem.; Fl. Vit.: 114 (1866), nom. nud.
= Panax macgillivrayi (Seem.) Benth.; Fl. Austr. 3: 382 (1867)
= Polyscias grandifolia Volkens; Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 31: 471 (1901)
= Tieghemopanax macgillivrayi (Benth.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 313 (1905)
species :
Polyscias mackeei
Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum grandifolium (Guillaumin) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Eremopanax grandifolius Guillaumin; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 33: 272 (1927)
species :
Polyscias macranthum
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya); Bismarck Arch.
42 NWG 43 BIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum macranthum Philipson; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bot. 1: 18 (1951)
= Arthrophyllum diversifolium Harms; (1920) non Blume
species :
Polyscias macrocarpa
(Philipson & Bui) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: NE-Thailand; Laos
41 LAO THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum macrocarpum Philipson & Bui; Adansonia 17(3): 327 (1978)
species :
Polyscias madagascariensis
(Seem.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 44 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Oligoscias madagascariensis Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 179 (1865)
= Panax oligoscias Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 64 (1897)
species :
Polyscias maraisiana
Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 64 (2010), nom. nov.
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia elegans (W.Bull) Frodin; Frodin & R. H. A. Govaerts, World Checklist Bibliogr. Araliaceae: 166 (2003 publ. 2004)
= Gastonia mauritiana Marais; Kew Bull. 39(4): 809 (1984)
species :
Polyscias maralia
(Roem. & Schult.) Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 34 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia maralia Roem. & Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis] 6: 704 (1820)
= Maralia madagascariensis DC.; Prod. 4: 255 (1830)
= Panax maralia (Schult.) Decne. & Planch.; Rev. Hortic. Ser. IV. 3: 105 (1854)
species :
Polyscias marchionensis
(F.Br.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Marquesas Isl. (Hiva Oa, Fatu Hiva, Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou, Tahuata)
61 MRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Reynoldsia marchionensis F.Br.; Bull. Bishop Mus., Honolulu, No. 130, 209 (1935)
species :
Polyscias mauritiana
Marais; Kew Bull. 39(4): 812 (1984)
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
Conservation Status: IUCN V
species :
Polyscias mayottensis
Lowry, Pascal & Labat; Adansonia 21(1): 67-73(1999)
Distribution: Comores (Mayotte)
29 COM
species :
Polyscias meliifolia
(Craib) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum lucens Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1930: 423 (1930)
= Arthrophyllum meliifolium Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1930: 424 (1930)
= Polyscias lucens (Craib) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
species :
Polyscias microbotrys
(Baill.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 45 (1894)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax microbotrys Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Tieghemopanax microbotrys (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 308 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax reflexus R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 309 (1905)
species :
Polyscias mollis
(Benth.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia macdowallii (F.Muell.) F.M.Bailey; Syn. Queensl. Fl., Suppl. 2: 31 (1888)
= Nothopanax molle Seem.; J. Bot. 4: 295 (1866), nom. nud.
= Panax macdowallii F.Muell.; S. Sci. Rec., n.s., 1886(April): 4 (1886)
= Panax mollis Benth.; Fl. Austral. 3: 382 (1867)
= Polyscias macdowallii (F.Muell.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 483 (1928)
= Polyscias mollis (Benth.) Harms ex C.T.White; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensl. 47: 63 (1936), descr. ampl. (1935)
= Tieghemopanax mollis (Benth.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 312 (1905)
species :
Polyscias montana
(Ridl.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Kedah to Selangor)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum montanum Ridl.; J. Fed. Mal. States Mus. 4: 24 (1909)
= Arthrophyllum nitidum Ridl.; J. Fed Mal. States Mus. 7: 42 (1916)
= Arthrophyllum ovatum Ridl.; J. Fed Mal. States Mus. 7: 42 (1916)
species :
Polyscias multibracteata
(Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax bakerianus Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 60 (1897)
= Panax multibracteatum Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 351 (1884)
= Polyscias bakeriana (Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 303 (1905)
species :
Polyscias multijuga
(A.Gray) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: Norfolk Isl.; Vanuatu (Espirito Santo Isl.); Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua); Niue; Fiji; Wallis & Futuna (Alofi Isl., Futuna Isl., ´Uvea Isl. and islets [Wallis])
50 NFK 60 FIJ NUE TON VAN WAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Nothopanax multijugus (A.Gray) Seem.; Fl. Vit.: 115 (1866)
= Panax multijugus (A.Gray) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. 1: 938 (1867)
= Panax multijugus (A.Gray) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Drake; Ill. Fl. Ins. Pacif.: 181 (1890)
= Paratropia multijuga A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 722 (1854)
= Polyscias excelsa (Guillaumin) B.C.Stone; Taxon 14: 285 (1965)
= Polyscias nusedhul (Guillaumin) B.C.Stone; Taxon 14: 285 (1965)
= Tieghemopanax excelsus Guillaumin; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. Lond., Bot. 51: 554 (1938)
= Tieghemopanax nusedhul Guillaumin; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 51: 554 (1938)
species :
Polyscias muraltana
Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 366 (1966)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias murrayi
(F.Muell.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Nothopanax murrayi (F.Muell.) Seem.; Fl. Vit.: 114 (1866)
= Panax murrayi F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 106 (1860)
= Tieghemopanax murrayi (F.Muell.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 310 (1905)
species :
Polyscias myrsine
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 54 (1971)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias neraudiana
(Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 301 (1905)
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia neraudiana Rich. ex Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 62 (1897)
= Panax neraudiana Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 62 (1897)
species :
Polyscias nodosa
(Blume) Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 181 (1865)
Distribution: China [I] (Guangdong [I], Fujian [I]); Sumatra (Krakatau); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Leyte, Basilan, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok); Moluccas (Talaud Isl., Ternate Isl., Sula Arch., Seram, Ambon, Banda, Tanimbar Isl., Aru Isl.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bougainville; Palau
36 chi 42 JAW LSI MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM 43 SOL 62 PLU
Remarks: Subgen. Eupteron
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia nodosa Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 873 (1826)
= Aralia pendula Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. I. 223 (1837)
= Aralia umbraculifera Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 22, Fl. Ind. 3: 108 (1832)
= Eupteron nodosum (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: I. 762 (1855)
= Hedera nodosa (Blume) Hassk.; Hoev. & de Vriese, Tijdschr. 10: 131 (1843)
= Hedera umbraculifera Sweet; Hort. Brit ed. I. 193 (1826)
= Paratropia nodosa (Blume) DC.; Prod. 4: 265 (1830)
= Paratropia umbraculifera (Roxb.) Wall. ex Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 25 (1845)
= Polyscias floribunda Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 10: 3809 (1939), pro syn.
species :
Polyscias nossibiensis
(Drake) Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 247 (1899)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax hildebrandtii Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 61 (1897)
= Panax lokobensis Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 61 (1897)
= Panax nossibiensis Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 61 (1897)
= Polyscias hildebrandtii (Drake) Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 246 (1899)
= Polyscias lokobensis (Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 303 (1905)
species :
Polyscias oahuensis
(A.Gray) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia oahuensis A.Gray; U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 726 (1854)
= Tetraplasandra kaalae (Hillebr.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 30 (1894)
= Tetraplasandra kaalae var. multiplex Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 11 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra kahanana O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 8, 6 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra kohalae Skottsb.; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 15: 414 (1944)
= Tetraplasandra lanaiensis Rock; Coll. Hawaii Publ., Bull. 1, 12 (1911)
= Tetraplasandra lihuensis var. gracilipes Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 9 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra (Hillebr.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 30 (1894)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. bisobtusa Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 36 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. bryanii Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 10 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. degeneri Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 27 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. hailiensis O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 10 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. hillebrandii Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 31 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. hiloensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 34 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. leptomera Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 30 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. longipedunculata Skottsb.; Acta Horti Gothob. 15: 412 (1944)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. makalehana Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 36 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. mauiensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. molokaiensis Skottsb.; Acta Horti Gothob. 15: 412 (1944)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. occidentalis Skottsb.; Acta Horti Gothob. 15: 413 (1944)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. olowaluana Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 37 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. ovalis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 31 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. polyantha Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 28 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. polystigmata Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 9 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. prolifica Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 32 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. prolificoides Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 33 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. ramosior Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 36 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. rhynchocarpa Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 33 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. rhynchocarpoides O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 8 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. rockii Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 33 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. simulans Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 35 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. skottsbergii Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 28 (1952), nom. illeg.
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. tenuistylis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 35 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra meiandra var. tenuistyloides O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 10 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra munroi Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 7 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis (A.Gray) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 30 (1894)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. eradiata Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 5 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. fauriei Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 3 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. hailiensis (O.Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 6 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. longipes Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 4 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. pseudolongipes O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 4 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. pseudorhachis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 3 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. subglobosa O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff; Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 22(12): 211 (1962)
= Tetraplasandra oahuensis var. venulosior Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 2 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra pupukeensis f. trigona O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 7 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra pupukeensis Skottsb.; Acta Hort. Gotoburg. 10: 149 (1935 publ. 1936)
= Tetraplasandra pupukeensis var. decipiens O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 8 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra pupukeensis var. megalopoda Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 40 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra pupukeensis var. nitida O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 39 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra pupukeensis var. venosa O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 40 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra waianensis O.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 281 (1938)
= Tetraplasandra waianensis var. palehuana Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 8: 11 (1953)
= Triplasandra kaalae Hillebr.; Fl. Haw. Isl. 154 (1888)
= Triplasandra meiandra Hillebr.; Fl. Haw. Isl. 152 (1888)
= Triplasandra oahuensis (A.Gray) Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 139 (1868)
species :
Polyscias obtusifolia
Frodin; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 293 (2003 publ. 2004), nom. nov.
Distribution: only cultivated known; Java [I]
42 jaw
Synonyms: hidden
= Nothopanax obtusus (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: I. 766 (1856)
= Panax obtusus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 15: 880 (1826)
= Polyscias obtusa (Blume) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894), nom. illeg., non Blanco
species :
Polyscias ornifolia
(Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3(8):45 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax ornifolius Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 155 (1883)
= Panax ornifolius var. pauciflorus Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 25 (1891)
species :
Polyscias otopyrena
(Baill.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 69 (2010)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum angustatum (Baill.) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Arthrophyllum otopyrenum (Baill.) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Arthrophyllum schlechteri (Harms) Philipson; Adansonia, n.s. 17: 332 (1978)
= Eremopanax angustatus Baill.; Adansonia 12: 159 (1878)
= Eremopanax angustatus f. angusticarpus Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 134 (1954)
= Eremopanax angustatus f. canalensis (Baker f.) Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 133 (1954)
= Eremopanax angustatus f. ellipticus Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 133 (1954)
= Eremopanax angustatus f. intermedius Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 134 (1954)
= Eremopanax angustatus f. oblongus Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 133 (1954)
= Eremopanax canalensis Baker f. [J.Linn.Soc., Bot.45: 323 (1921)]
= Eremopanax otopyrena Baill.; Adansonia 12: 158 (1878)
= Eremopanax schlechteri f. gracilis Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 133 (1954)
= Eremopanax schlechteri Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 217 (1906)
species :
Polyscias pachypedicellata
Lowry & Callm.; Candollea 64(2): 189 (2009)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias pacifica
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: Sulawesi; Moluccas (Morotai); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea, Japen Isl.); Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, Admiralty Isl.)
42 MOL NWG SUL 43 BIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum pacificum Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 306 (1977)
species :
Polyscias palmervandenbroekii
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 16 (1971), nom. nov.
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Palmervandenbrockia
Synonyms: hidden
= Palmervandenbroekia papuana Gibbs; Phytogeogr. & Fl. Arfak Mts. 162 (1917), non P. papuana Seem. (1865)
species :
Polyscias pancheri
(Baill.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. iii, 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax pancheri Baill.; Adansonia 12: 152 (1878)
= Parapentapanax harmsii (R.Vig.) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 56 (1967), in adnot.
= Polyscias harmsii (R.Vig.) Bernardi; Candollea. 26(1): 16 (1971)
= Tieghemopanax decorans R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 312 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax harmsii R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 309 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax pancheri (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 312 (1905)
species :
Polyscias paniculata
(DC.) Baker; Fl. Maurit. 126 (1877)
Distribution: Mauritius; Hispaniola [I]
29 MAU 81 his
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Botryopanax ayresii (Baker) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967), in adnot.
= Botryopanax borbonica Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 5 1863 (1864)
= Botryopanax cupularis (Baker) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967)
= Botryopanax paniculatus (DC.) Hutch.; Gen. Fl. Pl. 2: 57 (1967)
= Gastonia paniculata (DC.) D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. 2: 1628 (1840)
= Gastonia racemosa Rich. ex Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 63 (1897)
= Gastonia saururoides (DC.) Roxb.; Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 2: 408 (1832)
= Gilibertia paniculata DC.; Prod. 4: 256 (1830)
= Gilibertia saururoides DC.; Prod. 4: 256 (1848)
= Grotefendia cuneata Seem.; J. Bot. 2: 247 (1864)
= Grotefendia paniculata (DC.) Seem.; J. Bot. 2: 247 (1864)
= Panax ayresii (Baker) Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 63 (1897)
= Panax commersonii Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 63 (1897)
= Panax cupularis (Baker) Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 63 (1897)
= Panax paniculatus (DC.) Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 62 (1897)
= Panax racemosus Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 63 (1897)
= Polyscias ayresii Baker; Fl. Maurit. 127 (1877)
= Polyscias commersonii (Drake) Harms ex R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 301 (1905)
= Polyscias cupularis Baker; Fl. Maurit. 127 (1877)
= Polyscias racemosa (Drake) Harms ex R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 301 (1905)
species :
Polyscias papuana
(Miq.) Seem.; J. Bot. 3: 181 (1865)
Distribution: Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 MOL NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia papuana Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 5 (1863)
species :
Polyscias papyracea
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: E-Sumatra
42 SUM
Remarks: found only once
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum papyraceum Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 308 (1977)
species :
Polyscias paucidens
(Miq.) Frodin; Gard. Bull. Singapore 71(Suppl. 2): 182 (2019)
Distribution: Sumatra (Enggano Isl.); Java (Sangiang Isl.); Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 JAW LSI MOL NWG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia paucidens Jacob-Makoy ex W.Richards; Gard. Chron., no. s. 9: 440 (1878)
= Plerandra paucidens (Miq.) Baill.; Adansonia 12: 137 (1878)
= Tetraplasandra paucidens Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 4 (1863)
species :
Polyscias pentamera
(Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. iii, 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax pentamerus Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 352 (1884)
species :
Polyscias philippinensis
(Merr.) Frodin; Gard. Bull. Singapore 71(Suppl. 2): 183 (2019)
Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Tabon Isl.)
42 PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra philippinensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1: Suppl. 219 (1906)
species :
Polyscias philipsonii
Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 377 (1966)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Eupteron
Synonyms: hidden
= Polyscias fraxinifolia Philipson; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Hist. Nat.) Bot. 1: 13 (1951), non (Baker) R. Vig., non Harms (1894)
species :
Polyscias pinnata
J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.; Char. Gen. Pl., ed. 1: 32 (1775)
Distribution: Java [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Tonga; Niue; Northern Marianas [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]
42 jaw 50 aus 60 NUE NWC TON VAN 62 mic mrn 81 his pue
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia polyscias Spreng. ex Seem.; J. Bot. 6: 138 (1868)
= Panax forsteri Decne. & Planch.; Rev. Hortic. Ser. IV. 3: 105 (1854)
= Panax manguette Vieill.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 16: 66 (1862)
= Panax pinnatus (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 164 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Polyscias umbellata Biehler; Pl. Nov. Herb. Spreng.: 18 (1807)
species :
Polyscias pleiosperma
(A.Gray) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: [Western] Samoa (Savai´i)
60 SAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eschweileria pleiosperma (A.Gray) T.Durand ex Drake; Ill. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pacif. 183 (1890)
= Reynoldsia pleiosperma A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 725. t. 93 (1854)
= Trevesia pleiosperma (A.Gray) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 1100 (1895)
species :
Polyscias prolifera
(Philipson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum proliferum Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 302 (1977)
species :
Polyscias pulgarensis
(Elmer) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: Palawan
42 PLW
Conservation Status: IUCN I
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum pulgarense Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 7: 2551 (1915)
species :
Polyscias purpurea
C.T.White; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensl. 47: 64 (1935 publ. 1936)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Polyscias quintasii
Exell; Cat. Vasc. Pl. S. Tome, 195 (1944)
Distribution: Principe Isl.; São Tomé
23 PRI SAO
species :
Polyscias racemosa
(C.N.Forbes) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: IUCN E. 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Munroidendron racemosum (C.N.Forbes) Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 7, 22 (1952)
= Munroidendron racemosum var. forbesii Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 23 (1952)
= Munroidendron racemosum var. macdanielsii Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 24 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra racemosa C.N.Forbes; Occas. Papers Bishop Mus., Honolulu 6: No. 4, 51 (1917)
species :
Polyscias rainaliorum
Bernardi; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 76: 367 (1966)
Distribution: SC-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias reineckei
Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25: 663 (1898)
Distribution: American Samoa (Tutuila); [Western] Samoa (Savai´i, ´Upolu)
60 ASA SAM
species :
Polyscias repanda
(DC.) Baker; Fl. Maurit. 128 (1877)
Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion; Rodrigues
29 MAU REU ROD
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia repanda (DC.) D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. 2: 1628 (1840)
= Gilibertia repanda DC.; Prod. 4: 256 (1830)
= Grotefendia repanda (DC.) Seem.; J. Bot. 2: 248 (1864)
= Panax affine Cordem.; Fl. Ile Réunion 437 (1895)
= Panax repandum (DC.) Cordem.; Fl. Ile Réunion 436 (1895)
species :
Polyscias revoluta
Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 68 (2010), nom. nov.
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak, Kalimantan)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum crassum Philipson; Gard. Bull. Singapore 30: 305 (1977)
species :
Polyscias richardsiae
Bamps; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 47(1-2): 260 (1977)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Polyscias rivalsii
Bernardi; Candollea 29(1): 158 (1974)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Conservation Status: IUCN E
species :
Polyscias rodriguesiana
(Marais) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 64 (2010)
Distribution: Rodrigues
29 ROD
Conservation Status: IUCN E, very rare
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia rodriguesiana Marais; Kew Bull. 39(4): 809 (1984)
species :
Polyscias roemeriana
Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 411 (1921)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Imperfectly known; related to P. palmervandenbroekia
species :
Polyscias royenii
Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 170 (1978)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Kissodendron
species :
Polyscias rubiginosa
(Ridl.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum rubiginosum Ridl.; Kew Bull. 41 (1946)
species :
Polyscias rufosepala
(Ridl.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum rufosepalum Ridl.; Kew Bull. 40 (1946)
species :
Polyscias sambucifolia
(DC.) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. iii, 8 45 (1894)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Nothopanax sambucifolius (Sieber ex DC.) K.Koch; K. Koch & Fintelm. Wochenschr. 2: 77 (1859)
= Panax angustifolium F.Muell.; Trans. Phil. Inst. Vict. 1: 42 (1855)
= Panax dendroides F.Muell.; Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. 1: 42 (1855)
= Panax sambucifolius Sieber ex DC.; Prod. 4: 255 (1830)
= Polyscias stipulata (R.Vig.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 483 (1928)
= Tieghemopanax sambucifolius (Sieber ex DC.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 310 (1905)
= Tieghemopanax stipulatus R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 313 (1905)
species :
Polyscias samoensis
(A.Gray) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. III 8: 45 (1894)
Distribution: Vanuatu; Tonga (Niuafo´ou); American Samoa (Tutuila, Ta´u); [Western] Samoa (´Upolu)
60 ASA SAM TON VAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum kaltenbachii Riedl & Riedl-Dorn; Linz. Biol. Beitr. 18(2): 374 (1986)
= Nothopanax samoensis (A.Gray) Seem.; Fl. Vit.: 116 (1866)
= Panax samoensis A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 717 (1854)
species :
Polyscias sandwicensis
(A.Gray) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Niihau, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Rare; IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Eschweileria sandwicensis (A.Gray) T.Durand ex Drake; Ill. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pacif. 182 (1890)
= Reynoldsia degeneri Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 15 (1952)
= Reynoldsia hillebrandii Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 11 (1952)
= Reynoldsia hosakana Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 18 (1952)
= Reynoldsia huehuensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 12 (1952)
= Reynoldsia huehuensis var. brevipes Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 13 (1952)
= Reynoldsia huehuensis var. intermedia Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 13 (1952)
= Reynoldsia mauiensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 16 (1952)
= Reynoldsia mauiensis var. macrocarpa O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 7: 17 (1952)
= Reynoldsia oblonga O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 17 (1952)
= Reynoldsia sandwicensis A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 724. t. 92 (1854)
= Reynoldsia sandwicensis var. intercedens Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 10 (1952)
= Reynoldsia sandwicensis var. molokaiensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 11 (1952)
= Reynoldsia venusta Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 6, 13 (1952)
= Reynoldsia venusta var. lanaiensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 14 (1952)
= Trevesia sandwicensis (A.Gray) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 1100 (1895)
species :
Polyscias schmidii
Lowry; Bull. Mus. Nation. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Ser. 4, 11(2): 140 (1989)
Distribution: Vanuatu
60 VAN
species :
Polyscias schultzei
Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 410 (1921)
Distribution: Moluccas (Morotai Isl.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Queensland)
42 MOL NWG 50 AUS
Remarks: Subgen. Kissodendron
Synonyms: hidden
= Polyscias gjellerupii Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 410 (1921)
species :
Polyscias scopoliae
(Baill.) Lowry; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Araliaceae 298 (2003 publ. 2004)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax scopoliae Baill.; Adansonia 12: 150 (1878)
= Pseudopanax scopoliae (Baill.) Philipson; N. Zeal. J. Bot. 3: 339 (1965)
= Tieghemopanax scopoliae (Baill.) R.Vig.; Agric. Prat. Pays Chauds 8: II. 521 (1908)
species :
Polyscias scutellaria
(Burm.f.) Fosberg; Univ. Hawaii Occas. Papers, No. 46, 9 (1948)
Distribution: only cultivated known; China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I]); Taiwan [I]; India [I] (Maharashtra [I]); Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Moluccas [I]; New Guinea [I]; Bismarck Arch. [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Santa Cruz Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Tokelau [I] (Nukunonu [I]); N-Line Isl. [I] (Teraina [I], Tabueran [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Raiatea [I]); Palau [I] (Babeldaob [I], Koror [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Pagan [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I], Yap [I], Woleai [I], Namonuito [I], Nukuoro [I], Kapingamarangi [I], Truk [I], Udot [I], Lukunor [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Ujae [I], Lae [I], Kwajalein [I], Ailuk [I], Ailinglapalap [I], Majuro [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Peru [I]
36 chi 38 tai 40 ind 41 mya tha vie 42 jaw mol nwg phi 43 bis sol 60 fij nue rot scz tok van 61 coo lin sci 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu 81 his pue trt vir 82 clm 83 per
Remarks: Subgen. Polyscias
Synonyms: hidden
= Aralia cochleata Lam.; Encyc. 1: 224 (1783)
= Aralia latifolia Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 376 (1834), not validly publ.
= Aralia rotunda W.Bull; Nursery Cat. (William Bull) 193: 12 (1883)
= Crassula scutellaria Burm.f.; Fl. Indica: 78 (1768)
= Hedera cochleata (Lam.) Sweet; Hort. Brit.: 193 (1826)
= Hedera latifolia Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient.: 376 (1834)
= Nothopanax cochleatus (Lam.) Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: I. 766 (1856)
= Nothopanax scutellarius (Burm.f.) Merr.; Interpr. Rumph. Herb. Amboin. 409 (1917)
= Nothopanax tricochleatus Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 340 (1861)
= Panax cochleatum (Lam.) DC.; Prod. 4: 253 (1830)
= Panax conchifolius Roxb.; Fl. Ind. ed. Carey 2 77 (1832)
= Panax heyneanus Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 3: 385 (1834)
= Panax rotundatus B.S.Williams; Cat. 1879: 17, 32 (1879)
= Panax rumphii Hassk.; Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 9: 220 50: 18 (1866)
= Panax scutellarioides Reinw. ex Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 880 (1826)
= Paratropia latifolia (Wight & Arn.) K.Koch; Wochenschr. Gärtnerei Pflanzenk. 2: 365 (1859)
= Polyscias scutellarioides (Reinw. ex Blume) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 2: 367 (1998)
= Polyscias tricochleata (Miq.) Fosberg; Phytologia 5: 290 (1955)
species :
Polyscias sechellarum
Baker; Fl. Maurit. 128 (1877)
Distribution: Seychelles
29 SEY
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia sechellarum (Baker) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 43 (1894)
= Gastonia sechellarum var. contracta F.Friedmann; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 8: 251 (1986)
= Gastonia sechellarum var. curiosae F.Friedmann; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 8: 251 (1986)
species :
Polyscias serratifolia
(Miq.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: ?Borneo
Remarks: imperfectly known. Material listed under this name has now been assigned to several other taxa
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum serratifolium Miq.
= Gastonia serratifolia (Miq.) Philipson; Fl. Males., Ser. 1, 9(1): 68 (1979)
species :
Polyscias sessiliflora
Marais; Kew Bull. 39(4): 814 (1984)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
species :
Polyscias sleumeri
Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 171 (1978)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Palmervandenbrockia
species :
Polyscias solomonensis
(Philipson) Frodin; Gard. Bull. Singapore 71(Suppl. 2): 184 (2019)
Distribution: Solomon Isl.
43 SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra solomonensis Philipson; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bot. 1: 11 (1951)
species :
Polyscias sorongensis
Gibbs; Phytogeogr. & Fl. Arfak Mts. 216 (1917)
Distribution: New Guinea (Sorong Isl.)
42 NWG
species :
Polyscias spectabilis
(Harms) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 74 (2010)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Santa Cruz Isl.
42 NWG 43 BIS SOL 60 SCZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia boridiana Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 69: 282 (1938) (probably a valid species)
= Gastonia spectabilis (Harms) Philipson; Blumea 18: 494 (1970)
= Peekeliopanax spectabilis Harms; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 478 (1926)
species :
Polyscias stonei
(A.-L.Lim) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum stonei A.-L.Lim; Malaysian Forester 43(2): 263 (1980)
species :
Polyscias stuhlmannii
Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 244 (1899)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia stuhlmannii (Harms) Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 360 (1915)
= Polyscias stuhlmannii Harms ex Engl.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. A (1895) 130, nomen
= Polyscias stuhlmannii var. inarticulata Tennant; Kew Bull. 14: 400 (1960)
species :
Polyscias subcapitata
Kaneh.; Bot. Mag., Tokyo 46: 673 (1932)
Distribution: Fed. States of Micronesia (Kosrae)
62 MIC
species :
Polyscias tafondroensis
(Drake) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 303 (1905)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax tafondroensis Drake; J. Bot. (Morot) 11: 64 (1897)
species :
Polyscias tahitensis
(Nadeaud) Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 45 (1894)
Distribution: Society Isl. (Tahiti, ?Raiatea)
61 SCI
Conservation Status: IUCN I
Synonyms: hidden
= Bonnierella reflexa (J.W.Moore) J.W.Moore; Occas. Papers Bishop Mus., Honolulu 10: No. 19, 6 (1934)
= Bonnierella tahitense (Nadeaud) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 314 (1905)
= Panax tahitense Nadeaud; Enum. Pl. Tahiti, 63 (1873)
= Polyscias reflexa J.W.Moore; Bull. Bishop Mus., Honolulu, No. 102. 35 (1933)
= Polyscias tahitensis Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 45 (1894)
species :
Polyscias terminalia
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 57 (1971)
Distribution: NE-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias thailandica
Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010), nom. nov.
Distribution: peninsular Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum ferrugineum Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1930: 423 (1930)
species :
Polyscias tripinnata
Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 44 (1894)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax tripinnatum Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 153 (1883)
species :
Polyscias verrucosa
(Seem.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 75 (2010)
Distribution: Society Isl. (Tahiti, Raiatea)
61 SCI
Synonyms: hidden
= Reynoldsia verrucosa Seem.; J. Bot. 2: 245 (1864)
= Reynoldsia tahitensis Nadeaud; Énum. Pl. Tahiti: 63 (1873)
= Eschweileria tahitensis (Nadeaud) T.Durand ex Drake; Ill. Fl. Ins. Pacif.: 183 (1890)
= Trevesia tahitensis (Nadeaud) Drake; Fl. Polynésie Franç.: 81 (1893)
species :
Polyscias verticillata
B.C.Stone; J. Arn. Arb. 47: 272 (1966)
Distribution: Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Admiralty Isl., Bagabag Isl.); Solomon Isl.
43 BIS SOL
Remarks: Subgen. Polyscias
species :
Polyscias vieillardii
(Baill.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
subspecies :
subsp. vieillardii
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum vieillardii (Baill.) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Eremopanax vieillardi Baill.; Adansonia 12: 161 (1878)
= Nesodoxa vieillardii (Baill.) Fedde; Just, Bot. Jahresb. 3: 65 (1906 publ. 1908)
subspecies :
subsp. balansae
(Baill.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 70 (2010)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrophyllum balansae (Baill.) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Arthrophyllum daenikeri (Baum.-Bod.) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Arthrophyllum glaberrimum (Baum.-Bod.) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Arthrophyllum hederoides (Baum.-Bod.) Philipson; Adansonia 17(3): 332 (1978)
= Eremopanax balansae Baill.; Adansonia 12: 160 (1878)
= Eremopanax daenikeri Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 132 (1954)
= Eremopanax glaberrimus Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 131 (1954)
= Eremopanax hederoides Baum.-Bod.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 64: 131 (1954)
species :
Polyscias vogelkopensis
Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 171 (1978)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Palmervandenbrockia
species :
Polyscias waialealae
(Rock) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 75 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra lihuensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl., Chicago, No. 8, 8 (1953)
= Tetraplasandra waialealae Rock; Coll. Hawaii Publ., Bull. 10 (1911)
= Tetraplasandra waialealae var. acrior Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 22 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra waialealae var. kohuana O.Deg. & Sherff; Amer. J. Bot. 43: 476 (1956)
= Tetraplasandra waialealae var. pluricostata O.Deg. & Sherff; Amer. J. Bot. 43: 476 (1956)
= Tetraplasandra waialealae var. subsessilis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 23 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra waialealae var. urceolata Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 23 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra waialealae var. wahiawensis Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 24 (1952)
species :
Polyscias waimeae
(Wawra) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128(1-2): 75 (2010)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Tetraplasandra elstonii Hochr.; Candollea 2: 481 (1925)
= Tetraplasandra sherffii O.Deg. & I.Deg.; O. Deg., Fl. Hawaiiensis 281: s.p. (1962)
= Tetraplasandra waimeae var. angustior Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 6: 26 (1952)
= Tetraplasandra waimeae Wawra; Flora 56: 158 (1873)
= Triplasandra waimeae (Wawra) A.Heller; Minnes. Bot. Studies 1: 871 (1895)
species :
Polyscias weinmanniae
(Baill.) Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 215 (1906)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax weinmanniae Baill.; Adansonia 12: 150 (1878)
= Tieghemopanax weinmanniae (Baill.) R.Vig.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52: 309 (1905)
species :
Polyscias willmottii
(F.Muell.) Philipson; Austrobaileya 1(1): 24 (1977)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Pentapanax willmottii F.Muell.; Australas Journ, Pharm. 2: (April (1887) 125, et Bot. Centralbl. xxxii 214 (1887)
= Polyscias willmottii (F.Muell.) C.B.Shang; Proc. Intern. Symp. Bot. Gard. (ed. Y. W. Yuan et al.): see Philipson in Austrobaileya 632 (1990), isonym 1(1): 24 (1977)
species :
Polyscias winkleri
(Harms) Frodin; Gard. Bull. Singapore 71(Suppl. 2): 186 (2019)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Remarks: imperfectly known
Synonyms: hidden
= Gastonia winkleri Harms; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 20 (1917)
species :
Polyscias wohlhauseri
Lowry & Callm.; Candollea 64(2): 191 (2009)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias zanthoxyloides
Harms; Engl. & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 3: 8 44 (1894)
Distribution: C-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Panax zanthoxyloides Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 154 (1883)
variant :
var. simplex
Bernardi; Candollea 26(1): 37 (1971)
Distribution: C-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Polyscias zippeliana
(Miq.) Valeton; Bull. Dep. Agric. Indes Neerl. 10: 42 (1907)
Distribution: Moluccas (Aru Isl.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 MOL NWG
Remarks: Subgen. Kissodendron
Synonyms: hidden
= Kissodendron australianum var. dispermum F.Muell.; Descr. Notes Papuan Pl. 5: 88 (1877)
= Kissodendron dispermum (F.Muell.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 484 (1928)
= Nothopanax zippelianus (Miq.) Seem.; Fl. Vit.: 115 (1866)
= Panax zippelianus Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 15 (1863)
= Polyscias australiana var. disperma (F.Muell.) Philipson; Blumea 24(1): 171 (1978)
= Polyscias caroli Harms; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 411 (1921)
= Polyscias disperma (F.Muell.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett; Pl. Divers. Evol. 128: 68 (2010), nom. illeg.
