Bulletin - United States National Museum - Smithsonian Institution

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 

Bulletin 91 

REPORT ON THE TURTON COLLECTION OF SOUTH 

AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS, WITH ADDITIONAL 

NOTES ON OTHER SOUTH AFRICAN SHELLS 

CONTAINED IN THE UNITED STATES 

NATIONAL MUSEUM 

BY 

PAUL BARTSCH 

Curator, Division of Marine Invetiebratt 

United States National Museum 

WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1915

BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 

Issued July 28, 1915.

ADVERTISEMENT. 

The scientific publications of the United States National Museum 

consist of two series, the Proceedings and the Bulletins. 

The Proceedings, the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are 

intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original, and 

usually brief, papers based on the collections of the National Museum, 

presenting newly acquired facts in zoology, geology, and anthro- 

pology, including descriptions of new forms of animals, and revisions 

of limited groups. One or two volumes are issued annually and distributed 

to libraries and scientific organizations. A limited number 

of copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, is distributed to specialists 

and others interested in the different subjects as soon as printed. 

The date of publication is printed on each paper, and these dates are 

also recorded in the table of contents of the volumes. 

The Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, consist of a 

series of separate publications comprising chiefly monographs of 

large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occa- 

sionally in several volumes), fauna! works, reports of expeditions, 

and catalogues of type-specimens, special collections, etc. The majority 

of the volumes are octavos, but a quarto size has been adopted 

in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispen- 

sable. 

Since 1902 a series of octavo volumes containing papers relating to 

the botanical collections of the Museum, and known as the Contribu- 

tions from the National Herbarium, has been published as bulletins. 

The present work forms No. 91 of the Bulletin series. 

Richard Rathbttn, 

Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution, 

in charge of the United States National Museum. 

Washington, D. C, May 29, 1915. 

in

TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

~ 

Page. 

Introduction 2 

Systematic list 2 

Class Cephalopoda... 

Order Dibranchiata 

Family Argonautidae 

Genus Argonauta 

Family Spirulidae 

Genus Spirula 

Class Gastropoda 

"" 

'_"* 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

Order Pteropoda 

Family Cavolinidae 

Genus Cavolina 

Genus Styliola 

3 

3 

3 

3 

Order Tectibranchiata 

Family Acteonidae 

Genus Acteon 

Genus Bullina 

3 

3 

3 

4 

Family Tornatinidae 

Genus Acteocina 

4 

4 

Genus Retusa g • 

Genus Volvula 

Family Scaphandridae 

Genus Cylichna 

Family Bullariidae 

Genus Bullaria 

Family Akeratidae 

Genus Haminea 

Family Ringiculidae 

Genus Ringicula 

Family Hydatinidae 

Genus Hydatina 

Genus Cylindrobulia 

Genus Volvatella 

Family Aplysiidae 

Genus Tetliys 

Family Philinidae 

Genus Philine 

Family Oxynoeidae 9 

Genus Oxynoe 10 

Order Pulmonata 10 

Family Auriculidae 

Genus Melampus 

10 

10 

Genus Microtralia 

10 

Family Siphonariidae 

Genus Siphonaria 

v 

10 

v 

1 

5 

& 

6 

6 

6 

6 

7 

7 

g 

g 

g 

g 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9

yj 


Systematic list—Continued. 

Class Gastropoda—Continued. 

Order Pulmonata—Continued. 

Family Gadiniidae 

Page. 

Genus Gadinia 

Family Amphibolidae 

H 

Genus Ampullarina 

Order Ortbodonta 

Family Terebridae 

Genus Terebra 

jj H 

Family Conidae 

Genus Conus 

H 

Family Turritidae 

14 

Genus Clionella 

14 

Genus Turris 

18 

Genus Clavatula 

18 

Genus Drillia 

20 

Genus Mangilia 

23 

Genus Cythara 

31 

Genus Daphnella 

32 

Genus Donovania 

33 

Family Cancellariidae 

33 

Genus Cancellaria 

33 

Family Olividae 

34 

Genus Eburna 

34 

Genus Ancilla 

34 

Genus Sylvanocochlea 

35 

Family Marginellidae 

35 

Genus Marginella 35 

Family Volutidae 

42 

Genus Voluta 

42 

Family Turbinellidae 

42 

Genus Xancus 

42 

Family Mitridae 43 

Genus Mitra 43 

Genus Mitromorpba 46 

Family Fasciolariidae 46 

Genus Fasciolaria 46 

Genus Latirus 46 

Family Fusidae 47 

Genus Fusinus 47 

Family Buccinidae 47 

Genus Cominella 47 

Genus Tritonidea 49 

Genus Euthria 50 

Family Colubrariidae 50 

Genus Colubraria 50 

Family Alectrionidae 51 

Genus Alectrion 51 

Genus Desmoulea 52 

Genus Bullia 53 

Family Columbellidae 56 

Genus Columbella 56 

Genus Alcira 58


TABLE OF CONTENTS. VII 


Order Orthodonta—Continued. Page. 

Family Muricidae 59 

Genus Murex 59 

Genus Trophon 59 

Genus Tritonalia 60 

Genus Sistrum 60 

Genus Thais 61 

Genus Latiaxis 61 

Family Coralliophilidae 61 

Genus Coralliophila 61 

Genus Melapium 62 

Family Scalidae 62 

Genus Epitonium 62 

Genus Acrilla 64 

Genus Graphis 64 

Family Janthinidae 65 

Genus Janthina 65 

Family Eulimidae 65 

Genus Melanella 65 

Genus Subeulima 70 

Genus Niso 70 

Family Pyramidellidae 71 

Genus Pyramidella 71 

Genus Turbonilla 75 

Genus Odostomia 85 

Family Atlantidae 92 

Genus Atlanta 92 

Family Cymatiidae 92 

Genus Bursa 92 

Genus Eugyrina 93 

Genus Argobuccinum 93 

Genus Cymatium 93 

Genus Nyctilochus 94 

Genus Cryotritonium 95 

Genus Aspella 95 

Family Cassididae 95 

Genus Cassis 95 

Family Doliidae 96 

Genus Dolium 96 

Family Amphiperasidae 96 

Genus Amphiperas 96 

Family Cypraeidae 96 

Genus Cypraea 96 

Family Triviidae 98 

Genus Trivia 98 

Family Triphoridae 98 

Genus Triphons 98 

Family Cerithiopsidae 109 

Genus Cerithiopsis 109 

Genus Seila 113 

Genus Eumeta 116

Vin 




Order Orthodonta— Continued. Page. 

Family Cerithiidae 116 

Genus Cerithiuni 116 

Family Planaxidae 117 

Genus Planaxis 117 

Family Caecidae 117 

Genus Caecum 117 

Family Vermetidae 117 

Genus Vermicularia 117 

Genus Siliquaria 117 

Family Turritellidae 118 

Genus Turritella 118 

Family Littorinidae 119 

Genus Littorina 119 

Genus Tectarius 120 

Genus Cithna 120 

Family Litiopidae 121 

Genus Alaba 121 

Genus Alabina 121 

Genus Diala 122 

Family Solariidae 123 

Genus Heliacus 123 

Family Rissoidae 125 

Genus Nodulus 125 

Genus Sabanaea 125 

Genus Amphithalamus 126 

Genus Alvania 127 

Genus Rissoina 130 

Genus Microsetia 132 

Genus Barleeia 134 

Genus Fenella 134 

Family Jeffreysiidae 134 

Genus Jeffreysia 134 

Family Assimineidae 135 

Genus Assiminea 135 

Family Calyptraeidae 136 

Genus Trochita 136 

Genus Crepidula 136 

Family Lamellariidae 137 

Genus Lamellaria 137 

Family Naticidae 137 

Genus Natica 137 

Family Vanikoroidae 140 

Genus Vanikoro 140 

Family Acmaeidae 141 

Genus Acmaea 141 

Family Patellidae 141 

Genus Patella 141 

Genus Helcion 144 

Family Phasianellidae 144 

Genus Phasianella 144

Systematic list—Continued 

. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS. IX 


Order Orthodonta—Continued. page . 

Family Turbinidae 146 

Genus Turbo 146 

Genus Astraea 146 

Genus Leptothyra 146 

Family Trochidae 150 

Genus Claneulus 150 

Genus Oxystele 151 

Genus Umbonium 153 

Genus Gibbula 153 

Genus Solariella 161 

Genus Calliostoma 161 

Genus Euchelus 163 

Genus Cynisca 163 

Genus Teinostoma 165 

Family Liotiidae 166 

Genus Ilaira 166 

Genus Lippistes 166 

Family Vitrinellidae 167 

Genus Vitrinella 167 

Genus Cyclostrema 169 

Genus Cyclostremella 169 

Genus Caporbis 170 

Genus Pondorbis 171 

Genus Diseopsis 171 

Genus Leptogyra 173 

Family Neritidae 174 

Genus Nerita 174 

Genus Neritina 174 

Family Haliotidae 174 

Genus Haliotis 174 

Family Scissurellidae 

' 

175 

Genus Scissurella 175 

Genus Schismope 176 

Family Fissurellidae 176 

Genus Fissurella 176 

Genus Pupillaea 176 

Genus Fissuridea 177 

Genus Puncturella 177 

Order Polyplacophora 178 

Family Ischnocbitonidae 178 

Genus Callochiton 178 

Genus Ischnochiton 178 

Genus Dinoplax 179 

Family Acantbocbitidae 180 

Genus Acanthocbites 180 

Family Chitonidae 180 

Genus Chiton 180

X 


Systematic list—Continued. Page. 

Class Scaphopoda 

180 

Order Solonoconeha 

180 

Family Dentaliidae 

180 

Genus Dentalium 180 

Genus Schizodentalium 181 

Class Pelecypoda 

181 

Order Prionodesmacea 

181 

Family Nuculidae 

181 

Genus Nucula 181 

Family Limopsidae 

181 

Genus Limopsis 181 

Family Arcidae 

181 

Genus Glycimeris 181 

Genus Area 182 

Genus Fossularca 182 

Genus Barbatia 182 

Family Pinnidae 183 

Genus Pinna 183 

Genus Atrina 183 

Genus Hochstetteria 184 

Genus Philubrya 185 

Family Pteriidae 185 

Genus Margaritiphora 185 

Family Ostreidae 185 

Genus Ostrea 185 

Family Pectinidae 186 

Genus Pecten 186 

Family Spondylidae 186 

Genus Plicatula 186 

Family Limidae 186 

Genus Lima 186 

Family Anomiidae 187 

Genus Anomia 187 

Family Mytilidae 188 

Genus Mytilus ." 188 

Genus Modiola 188 

Genus Crenella 189 

Genus Modiolaria 189 

Order Anomalodesmacea 190 

Family Solemyidae 190 

Genus Solemya 190 

Family Lyonsidae 191 

Genus Lyonsia 191 

Family Thracidae 191 

Genus Thracia 191 

Genus Clistoconcha 191 

Order Teleodesmacea 191 

Family Crassatellitidae 191 

Genus Crassatellites 191 

Genus Cuna 191


TABLE OF CONTENTS. XI 

Class Pelecypoda—Continued. 

Order Teleodesmacea—Continued. Page. 

Family Carditidae 192 

Genus Cardita 192 

Genus Venericardia 192 

Genus Thecalia 192 

Genus Miodontiscus 193 

Family Condylocardiidae 193 

Genus Condylocardia 193 

Genus Carditella 193 

Genus Carditopsis 193 

Family Astartidae 194 

Genus Digitaria 194 

Family Chamidae 194 

Genus Cliama 194 

Family Lucinidae 194 

Genus Lucina 194 

Genus Loripes 194 

Genus Phacoides 194 

Family Diplodontidae 195 

Genus Diplodonta 195 

Genus Felaniella 195 

Genus Ungulina 196 

. Family 

Galeommatidae 196 

Genus Scintilla 196 

Family Sportellidae 196 

Genus Basterotia 196 

Family Leptonidae 196 

Genus Erycina ~. 196 

Genus Bornia 

198 

Genus Rochefortia 

199 

Genus Lasea 

201 

Family Kelliellidae 

202 

Genus Aligena 202 

Family Cardiidae 202 

Genus Cardium 202 

Genus Papyridea 202 

Family Veneridae 202 

Genus Dosinia 202 

Genus Tivela 203 

Genus Sunetta 

203 

Genus Circe 

203 

Genus Chione 

203 

Genus Anomalocardia 

203 

Genus Antigona 

204 

Genus Paphia 

204 

Genus Venerupis 

204 

Family Petricolidae 

204 

Genus Petricola 

204 

Family Tellinidae 

205 

Genus Tellina 

205 

Genus Metis 

206 

Genus Macoma 

206

XII 



Class Pelecypoda—Continued. 

Order Teleodesmacea—Continued. Page. 

Family Semelidae 206 

Genus Semele 206 

Genus Abra 206 

Genus Theora 206 

Family Psammobiidae 207 

Genus Gastrana 207 

Genus Psammobia 207 

Genus Psammotellina 207 

Family Donacidae .' 

207 

Genus Donax 207 

Family Solenidae 208 

Genus Solen 208 

Family Mactridae 208 

Genus Schizodesma 208 

Genus Eastonia 209 

Genus Mactra 209 

Genus Lutraria 210 

Family Saxicavidae 210 

Genus Saxicava 210 

Family Gastrocbaenidae 210 

Genus Gastrocbaena 210 

Family Pboladidae 210 

Genus Pholas 210 

Bibliograpby 211 

List of species collected by Colonel Turton 221 

South African mollusks not in the U. S. National Museum 229 

Explanation of plates 257 

Index 269

REPORT ON THE TURTON COLLECTION OF SOUTH AFRICAN 

MARINE MOLLUSKS, WITH ADDITIONAL NOTES ON OTHER 

SOUTH AFRICAN SHELLS CONTAINED IN THE UNITED 

STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

By Paul Bartsch, 

Curator, Division of Marine Invertebrates, United States National Museum. 

INTRODUCTION. 

Some years ago Lieut. Col. W. H. Turton, D. S. O., late Royal 

Engineers, presented a collection of marine mollusks from Port Alfred 

to the United States National Museum with a request for identification 

and report. The many duties of the staff of the Division of Mollusks 

and the absence of critically identified material from South Africa 

for comparison, rendered progress upon this report rather slow. 

About the time that the first sending was worked up, a second one 

arrived, and finally a third, each requiring a revision of the previous 

report. While this does not show in the text of the present paper, 

it will explain why the figures on the plates which accompany this 

report are not always in accord, so far as sequence is concerned, with 

the systematic arrangement of the text. It also explains why the 

type of illustrations used is not uniform, the fine drawings being part 

of the report as first prepared, while the photographic method of 

illustration was adopted later. 

Col. Turton informs me that he made these collections on four 

visits to Port Alfred, 1902, 1904, 1905, and 1911, staying there 

altogether 16 months. " The shells," he says further, "were all found 

within 10 miles of the village and were secured on the beach, without 

either dredging or diving." Judging from the fact that in many 

cases a single specimen only was secured, it seems quite possible that 

if equally careful collecting were continued in this place, especially 

if supplemented by dredging, many additions might be made to the 

already rather remarkable fist.

2 BULLETIN 91, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

In looking over the collection as a whole one is struck by the 

prevalence of red coloration, which seems explained by the fact that 

the red algae form the dominant element in the marine vegetation 

of the region. 

It was deemed advisable to render this report more useful to 

students by considering with it all the mollusks contained in the 

United States National Museum from the South African faunal area, 

and while this is not a large series, there are nevertheless among it 

some very important shells, namely, Gould's "types," obtained by 

William Stimpson, the zoologist of the North Pacific exploring 

expedition, at Cape Good Hope, Simons Bay, and False Bay, September 

12 to November 9, 1853. These types are now figured for 

the first time, and a little fuller diagnosis is given of them. 

At the end of this paper I have given what I believe to be a list of 

all the species that have been reported from South Africa of which 

there are in the United States National Museum no specimens from 

that region. In this fist the type-locality from which the specimens 

were originaEy described is cited. It is hoped that this list may 

serve as a stimulus to future collecting, and that it may also stimu- 

late those authors who have wrongly identified material to review 

their decisions, which will doubtless result in the expunging of many 

erroneous records from a list which appears heavily burdened by 

them. 

This report would be incomplete did I not acknowledge my great 

obligations to Dr. William H. Dall, honorary curator of the Division 

of Mollusks, for much assistance in its preparation, particularly in 

the treatment of the part dealing with the bivalves. 

I wish also to state that the line drawings of plates 1-6 were made 

by Evelyn Grosbeck Mitchell, while the photographs were made by 

Mr. T. W. Smillie, of the National Museum, and retouched b} r Mrs. 

E. Bennett Decker. The collection numbers in parentheses are those 

given by Colonel Turton. 

SYSTEMATIC LIST. 

Phylum MOLLUSCA. 

Class CEPHALOPODA. 

Order DIBRANCHIATA 

Family ARGONAUTIDAE. 

Genus ARGONAUTA Linnaeus. 

ARGONAUTA ARGO Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 227802, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 897).

SOUTH AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 3 

Family SPIRULIDAE. 

Genus SPIRULA Lamarck. 

SPIRULA PERONII Lamarck. 

Cat, No. 186647, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 1). 

Class GASTROPODA. 

Order PTEEOPODA. 

Family CAVOLINIDAE. 

Genus CAVOLINA Abildgaard. 

CAVOLINA LONGIROSTRIS Lesueur. 

Cat. No. 227808, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 903). 

CAVOLINA GLOBULOSA Rang. 

Cat. No. 250588, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen of this species 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1461). 

Genus STYLIOLA (Lesueur) Gray. 

STYLIOLA AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 34, fig. 4. 

Shell similar to Styliola virgula Rang, but in every way stouter and 

considerably less curved. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 249794, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1066). The type measures: Length, 4 

mm.; diameter, 1.2 mm. 

Order TECTIBRANCHIATA. 

Family ACTEONIDAE. 

Genus ACTEON Montfort. 

ACTEON ALBUS Sowerby. 


No. 13). 

Genus BULLINA Ferussae. 

BULLINA SCABRA Gmelin. 

Two specimens, Cat. Nos. 249798 and 250582, both from Port 

Alfred, are in the collection of the United States National Museum 

(Coll. Nos. 1070 and 1455).


Family TORNATINIDAE. 

Genus ACTEOCINA Gray. 

ACTEOCINA SMITHI, new species. 


Shell cylindric, semitransparent. Nuclear whorls small, well 

rounded, smooth, forming a planorboid spire whose axis is at right 

angles to that of the succeeding turns. The nucleus surmounts the 

fairly well elevated spire formed by the succeeding turns. Post- 

nuclear whorls, five, cylindric, slightly contracted in the middle; 

gently rounded anteriorly and more abruptly at the summit. The 

parietal wall is covered by a thick callus which extends posteriorly on 

the preceding whorl, a little higher than the outer wall of the last 

whorl, with which it is united by a U-shaped bridge, that joins the outer 

wall so as to form an exceedingly acute ridge ; a deep channel therefore 

separates the outer from the parietal summit on the last whorl. 

Entire surface marked by very regularly spaced, fine, raised axial 

threads, that are separated by spaces about as wide as the threads. 

These threads curve strongly posteriorly in the middle. In addition 

to the axial sculpture, the basal half of the shell is marked by 

fine spiral striations which are best developed near the base. 

Aperture reversed comma-shaped, posterior half of about equal 

width, anterior half expanding gradually from the middle of the 

wall; outer lip thin, curved; parietal wall covered by a thick callus 

which is continuous with and reflected over the columella. The 

columella joins the outer Up in an even curve. 

There are two specimens, cotypes, in the collection, from Port 

Alfred, Cat. No. 186657, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 12) . One, an adult somewhat 

rubbed, the other a young perfect individual. The first 

measures: Length, 4.5 mm.; diameter, 2.0 mm. The latter: Length, 

3.5 mm.; diameter, 1.7 mm. 

These specimens were sent to us by Col. Turton under the name of 

Tornatina voluta Quoy and Gaimard. It is possible that this is the 

species that has been reported from Port Alfred under that name. 

It is not T. voluta Quoy and Gaimard. That species, which was 

originally described from Guam, 1 is much larger, length, 10.5 mm.; 

diameter, 4.2 mm., and is said to be smooth. 

ACTEOCINA, species? 

Cat. No. 250577, U.S.N.M., contains a young specimen belonging to 

this genus, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1450). 

Genus RETUSA Brown. 

RETUSA TRUNCATULA Bruguiere. 

Cat. No. 186659, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 14). 

1 Voyage de I' Astrolabe, p. 359, pi. 26, figs. 33-35, 1832.


Genus VOLVULA A. Adams. 

VOLVULA, species? 

Cat. No. 250583, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen of this genus, 

from Port Alfred, which unfortunately has lost part of the lip, which 

renders positive identification impossible. (Coll. No. 1456). 

Family SCAPHANDRIDAE. 

Genus CYLICHNA Loven. 

CYLICHNA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell, white, subcylindric, spire deeply sunken, giving the apex a 

perforate appearance. The body whorl is somewhat contracted in the 

middle, rendering the outline of the sides concave. The entire surface 

is marked by slender, subequally spaced axial riblets, which give it 

a finely fluted appearance. Aperture long, narrow posteriorly, 

roundly expanded anteriorly; outer lip parallel to the parietal wall 

except at the expanded basal fourth of the shell. The outer lip projects 

considerably above the summit of each preceding turn, marking 

the highest elevation of each turn. The parietal wall of the last turn 

is covered with a thin callus, which is continued posteriorly to form 

the parietal wall of that part of the aperture which projects above 

the summit of the preceding turn. The outside of the parietal wall 

within the perforated top, is marked by the continuations of the 

riblets. Columella with an inconspicuous oblique twist near the 

middle, short, slender, finely curved, connected at the base with the 

parietal callus. 

The type and three specimens, Cat. No. 187147, U.S.N.M., were 

collected at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 694). The type measures: Length, 


This species resembles Cylichna hoernesi Weinkaufffrom the Mediter- 

ranean. It is, however, a little less contracted posteriorly, has the 

outer lip extending much higher posteriorly, and lacks the fine stri- 

ations of the spire as well as the strongly incised spiral lines of the 

base. 

CYLICHNA TUBULOSA Gould. 


Cylichna tubulosa Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 40, 1859. 

Shell cylindric, a very little wider anteriorly than posteriorly, white 

or creamy yellow. Spire submerged and covered; posterior end 

slightly concave, the highest portion being in line with the backward 

continuation of the outer lip. Left outline of the body whorl almost 

straight, curving gently toward either end. Inner lip quite evenly 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 2


curved. Outer lip thin, corresponding in curvature to the left outline 

of the body whorl. Surface marked by fine incremental lines and 

very fine, closely and evenly spaced, wavy, spiral striations. Aperture 

narrow, scarcely at all widened posteriorly, and very slightly so 

anteriorly. Parietal callus forming a thick rounded fold anteriorly. 

Gould's type, Cat. No. 164, U.S.N.M., was collected by William 

Stimpson, on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons 

Bay. It measures: Length, 8 mm.; diameter, 2.6 mm. Cat. No. 

249801, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1073). 

Family BULLARILDAE. 

Genus BULLARIA Rafinesque. 

BULLARIA AMPULLA Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 43129, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 186654, U.S.N.M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 8) 

BULLARIA, species? 

Cat. No. 249797, U.S.N.M., three shells from Port Alfred, too imma- 

ture to make identification positive (Coll. No. 1069). 

Family AKERATIDAE. 

Genus HAMINEA Leach. 

HAMINEA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell irregularly pear-shaped, thin and translucent, light greenish 

yellow. The anterior portion of the outer lip projects considerably 

above the spire and stands off quite a distance from the parietal wall 

posteriorly, and very much anteriorly where it becomes quite patu- 

lous. The shell has a somewhat pinched appearance at the middle of 

the anterior half, which renders that portion flattened or even slightly 

concave. Base well rounded. Aperture very large; columella very 

strongly curved, reenforced at the edge by a narrow, reflected callus 

which expands and spreads over the interior of the lip at its anterior 

extremity; parietal wall covered by a callus. Entire surface marked 

by fine incremental lines and exceedingly fine, closely spaced spiral 

striations. 

The type measures: Length, 12.4 mm.; diameter, 10 mm. It and 

another specimen come from Port Alfred, they are entered as Cat. 

No. 186656, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 10). 

The present form differs from natalensis Krauss in having the 

posterior half of the spire flattened instead of evenly rounded, which 

gives alfredensis a pear-shaped outline while natalensis is oval. 

.


Three additional lots from the same locality are in the United States 

National Museum. Cat. No. 227803, 10 specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 898). Cat. No. 227806, three young individuals (Coll. No. 

901). Cat. No. 250581, a very young individual (Coll. No. 1454). 

Family RINGICULIDAE. 

Genus RINGICULA Deshayes. 

RINGICULA TURTONI, new species. 


Shell subovate, polished, white. The nucleus consists of a single 

turn, which has the same outline as the succeeding whorls but lacks 

their sculpture, being smooth and shining. Post-nuclear turns greatly 

inflated, separated by strongly marked sutures and ornamented by 

deeply incised spiral grooves, of which four appear on the spire of 

each whorl in the type. In addition to these spiral grooves, the 

whorls are marked at irregular intervals by moderately strong lines 

of growth, between which there are many microscopic, axial, wavy 

lines. Periphery and base of the last whorl well rounded, marked by 

the same vertical sculpture as the spire and at least three spiral 

grooves, the anterior half being covered by a thick callus. Aperture 

auriculate, strongly channeled anteriorly; outer lip very much thick- 

ened, provided with a low denticle on the middle of the inner edge; 

columella very stout, covered by a heavy callus, which is reflected 

over the basal part of the shell, armed with two equally strong, oblique 

folds, the anterior of which is at the anterior edge and the other 

about halfway between this and the insertion of the columella; parietal 

wall covered with a very strong callus, which reaches posteriorly over 

half of the spire of the last turn and forms a strong elongated den- 

ticle which apposes the denticle of the outer lip. 

The type has six whorls and measures: Length, 4.7 mm. ; 

3 mm. 

diameter, 

The two additional specimens have three and five spiral grooves 

on the spire and four and six, respectively, on the base. They were 

collected at Port Alfred, Cape Colony, and form Cat. No. 187050, 

U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 588). Another specimen from the same locality 

is listed as Cat. No. 250586 U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 1459). 

The nearest relative to this species appears to be Ringicula doliaris 

Gould, the type of which, Cat. No. 1692, U.S.N.M., was collected by 

William Stimpson at Hakodadi, Japan. This, however, is a much 

larger species. The type, which has six whorls, measures: Length, 


RINGICULA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell ovate, milk white; spire decidedly elevated. Whorls strongly 

rounded and feebly shouldered at the summit; the first and second


smooth, the third with two incised spiral lines, of which one is on the 

middle of the space between the sutures, and the second halfway 

between this and the summit of the succeeding turn. On the fourth 

whorl the first incised spiral line falls at the posterior extremity of 

the anterior fourth, while the other is halfway between it and the 

summit of the penultimate whorl. The last whorl is free from spiral 

sculpture. Aperture very much calloused ; outer lip very thick, with 

a tooth a little posterior to the middle; parietal wall covered with 

very thick callous, which assumes the shape of a very broad fold 

columella also heavily calloused, provided with two strong, lamellar, 

oblique folds, of which the first marks the anterior termination of the 

columella, while the second is halfway between this and the parietal 

callus. 

The unique type, Cat. No. 250404, U.S.N.M., comes from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 1277). It has six whorls and measures: Length, 

5.2 mm.; diameter, 3 mm. 

Family HYDATINIDAE. 

Genus HYDATINA Schumacher. 

HYDATINA PHYSIS Linnaeus. 

Cat, No. 186655, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 9). 

Genus CYLINDROBULLA Fischer. 

CYLINDROBULLA TURTONI, new species. 


Shell subcylindric, very thin, entire surface marked by many 

irregular crack-like lines; very loosely coiled, with a strong sinus 

extending over a little more than half a whorl at the summit of the 

last turn. Apex depressed. Summit of the last whorl marked by 

a decided shoulder, which shows very slender axial riblets. Aperture 

very narrow, except at the somewhat truncated basal end, where it 

appears almost circular. 

Two specimens of this species are in the collection of the United 

States National Museum, both from Port Alfred. The type, Cat. 

No. 227821, measures: Length, 8 mm.; diameter, 4.5 mm. (Coll. 

No. 902a); the other specimen is Cat. No. 249790 (Coll. No. 1062). 

Genus VOLVATELLA Pease. 

VOLVATELLA LAGUNCULA Sowerby. 

Three lots of this species are in the collection of the United States 

National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 227807, 

one specimen (Coll. Nc. 902). Cat. No. 249791, one specimen (Coll. 

No. 1063). Cat. No. 250580, one specimen (Coll. No. 1453). 

;

SOUTH AFRICAN MAEINE MOLLUSKS. 9 

Family APLYSIIDAE. 

Genus TETHYS Linnaeus. 

TETHYS MACULATA Rang. 

Cat. No. 187145, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 691). 

TETHYS CONCAVA Sowerby. 


No. 692). 

Cat. No. 249796, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 1068). 

TETHYS, species? 

Cat. No. 249792, U.S.N.M., contains two shells of a Tethys, 

which I am unable to identify, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1064). 

Family PHILINIDAE. 

Genus PHILINE Ascanius. 

PHILINE SCHROETERI Philippl. 

Cat. No. 180, U.S.N.M., three specimens collected by William 

Stimpson, on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. 

PHILINE CAPENSIS Bergh. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows 

Cat. No. 227805, five specimens (Coll. No. 900). Cat. No. 249799, 

three specimens (Coll. No. 1071). Cat. No. 249800, three specimens 

(Coll. No. 1072). 

Family OXYNOEIDAE. 

Genus OXYNOE Rafinesque. 

OXYNOE NATALENSIS Smith. 

Four lots of this species are in the collection of the United States 

National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows: 

Cat. No. 187144, two specimens (Coll. No. 690). Cat. No. 227804, 

two specimens (Coll. No. 899). Cat. No. 250578, two young specimens 

(Coll. No. 1451). Cat. No. 250579, one specimen (Coll. No. 

1452). 

Shells of five additional species of Opisthobranchs are in the col- 

lection of the United States National Museum, from Port Alfred. 

We are unable to identify these from the shells alone. They are: 

Cat. No. 250584, two shells (Coll. No. 1457). Cat. No. 250587, one 

specimen (Coll. No. 1460). Cat. No. 250597, one specimen (Coll. 

No. 1470). Cat. No. 250585, one specimen (Coll. No. 1458). Cat. 

No. 250598, two specimens (Coll. No. 1471). 

:


Order :PTJLM:0]SrA.T.A. 

Family AURICULIDAE. 

Genus MELAMPUS Montfort. 

MELAMPUS ACINOIDES Morelet. 


(Coll. No. 2). 

MELAMPUS, species ? 

Cat. No. 250594, U.S.N.M., contains a worn specimen of a Melampus 

larger than the above species, from Port Alfred, which I am unable 

to identify (Coll. No. 1467). 

Genus MICROTRALIA Dall. 

MICROTRALIA, species? 

Cat. No. 250595, U.S.N.M., one young specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1468). 

Family SIPHONARIIDAE. 

Genus SIPHONARIA Sowerby. 

SIPHONARIA CONCINNA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 19194, U.S.N.M., two specimens collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 31567a, U.S.N.M., three young specimens from the 

same locality. Cat. No. 186651 , U.S.N.M. . three specimens from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 5). 

SIPHONARIA CAPENSIS Quoy and Gaimard. 

Cat. No. 19188, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by Archer at 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 21821, U.S.N.M., one specimen from 

Dunker, collected at the same locality. Cat. No. 31567, U.S.N.M., 

one specimen from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 173070, U.S.N.M., 

one specimen from Lieut. Col. L. W. Wilmer from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 250574, U.S.N.M., contains three very young specimens from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1447). 

SIPHONARIA CAPENSIS LINEOLATA Krauss. 

Cat. No. 31565, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 31570, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the same locality. 


No. 6), and another, Cat. No. 250575, U.S.N.M., from the same 

locality (Coll. No. 1448). 

SIPHONARIA ASPERA Krauss. 


No. 7).

SOUTH AFRICAN" MARINE MOLLUSKS. 11 

SIPHONARIA OCULUS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 115, U.S.N .M., two specimens collected by William Stimp- 

son on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. Cat. 

No. 272111, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen from South Africa. 

Family GADINIIDAE. 

Genus GADINIA Gray. 

GADINIA COSTATA Krauss. 

Cat. No. 186649, U.S.N.M., two specimens from. Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 3). 

Family AMPHIBOLIDAE. 

Genus AMPULLARINA Sowerby. 

AMPULLARINA AFRICANA Smith. 


No. 4). 

Order ORTHODONTA. 

Family TEREBRIDAE. 

Genus TEREBRA Bruguiere. 

TEREBRA CAPENSIS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186660, U.S.N .M., three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 15). 

TEREBRA SUSPENSA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186661, U.S.N .M., contains four specimens from Port 


TEREBRA DIVERSA Smith. 

Cat. No. 18, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False Bay. 

TEREBRA APICITINCTA Sowerby? 

Cat. No. 187034, U.S.N.M., one worn specimen which appears to 

belong here, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 570). Cat. No. 250410, 

U.S.N.M., contains a fragment from the same place (Coll. No. 1283). 

TEREBRA, species? 

Cat. No. 250483, U.S.N.M., contains a smooth apex of a very small 

Terebra, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1356). 

Family CONIDAE. 

Genus CONUS Linnaeus. 

CONUS, species? 

Cat. No. 250302, U.S.N.M., contains a worn and bleached specimen 

of a magnificent cone, having three dark bands; one immediately


beneath the shoulder, one a little posterior to the middle; another on 

the anterior fourth of the whorls, separated by two light bands; the 

entire surface is marked also by irregular, vertical zigzag brown 

markings. 

I have been unable to identify this shell with any of the known 

species, and the specimen is too poor to serve as the type of a new 

species (Coll. No. 1175). 

CONUS ROSACEUS Chemnitz. 

Seven lots of this species before us are from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 

186665, U.S.N.M., three specimens (Coll. No. 20). Cat. No. 227706, 

U.S.N.M., three specimens (Coll. No. 801). Cat. No. 249645, 

U.S.N.M., two specimens (Coll. No. 917). Cat. No. 249649, U.S.N.M., 

one specimen (Coll. No. 921). Cat. No. 249651, U.S.N.M., one specimen 

(Coll. No. 923). Cat. No. 249652, U.S.N.M., three specimens 

(Coll. No. 924). Cat. No. 250309, U.S.N.M., one specimen (Coll. No. 

1182). 

In addition to these, the Museum has two lots from the mouth of 

Fish Kiver, South Africa. Cat. No. 97983, U.S.N.M., three specimens, 

and 97984, three specimens. Cat, No. 18799, U.S.N.M., one 

from Port Elizabeth. 

CONUS AURORA Sowerby. 

Eight lots of this species, all from Port Alfred, are in the collection 

of the United States National Museum. Cat. No. 249648, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 920). Cat. No. 249650, two specimens (Coll. No. 922). 

Cat. No. 249655, two specimens (ColJ. No. 927). Cat. No. 249657, one 

specimen (Coll. No. 929). Cat. No. 250304, one specimen (Coll. No. 

1177). Cat. No. 250305, one specimen (ColJ. No. 1178). Cat. No. 

250306, one specimen (Coll. No. 1179). Cat. No. 250316, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1189). 

CONUS LAVENDULUS, new species. 


Shell obese, with moderately elevated spire. Summits of the 

whorls separated by well-impressed sutures, moderately rounded, 

marked by a number of somewhat irregular spiral striations. Entire 

surface of the body whorl marked by numerous fine, closely spaced, 

wavy, spiral striations. In addition to these striations, a series of 

spiral lirations are present on the anterior third of the last whorl, 

which are a little more closely spaced near the extreme anterior por- 

tion. Ground color pale lavender, marbled and variegated with russet- 

brown. Interior of outer lip purple posteriorly, fading to purplishwhite 

at the anterior margin. 

The type, Cat. No. 186973, U.S.N.M., and one other specimen, are 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 505). The type has 71 whorls and measures: 

Length, 36.1 mm.; diameter, 21 mm.


The following additional specimens have been examined: Cat. No. 

97985, U.S.N.M., 3 specimens from the mouth of Fish River. Six 

additional lots, all collected by Colonel Turton at Port Alfred, are as 

foUows: 4, Cat. No". 227709, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 804). 3, Cat. No. 

249644, U.S.N.M., (Coll. No. 916). 2, Cat. No. 249654, U.S.N.M. 

(Coll. No. 926). 1, Cat. No. 250303, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 1176). 1, 

Cat, No. 250311, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 1184). 1, Cat. No. 250313, 

U.S.N.M., (Coll. No. 1186). 

CONUS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plato 1, fig. 12. 

Shell elongate-ovate, with broadly conic, well-elevated spire. 

Whorls well rounded at their summit, which is marked by a few feebly 

incised spiral lines. Sutures well impressed. Posterior half of body 

whorl smooth, anterior half crossed by oblique, low, rounded, spiral 

lirations. Lip simple. Columella with a twist a little above its an- 

terior extremity. Color pinkish-white, with irregular blotches, flecks, 

dots, and streaks of pale ochraceous. Inside of outer lip purplish- 

white. 

The two specimens, Cat. No. 186972, U.S.N.M., from Port Alfred 

may be considered cotypes. One of these has 7 whorls and measures: 

Length, 35 mm.; diameter, 16 mm. The other has eight turns and 

measures: Length, 45 mm.; diameter, 20 mm. (Coll. No. 504). Cat. 

No. 43144, U.S.N.M. contains three young specimens from the Cape 

of Good Hope. 

CONUS CAFFER Krauss. 

Seven lots of this species have been examined, all collected by 

Colonel Turton at Port Alfred. They are as follows 

2, Cat. No. 186665, U.S.N.M. (Coll.' No. 20). 4, Cat. No. 227707, 

U.S.N.M. (CoU. No. 802). 3, Cat. No. 227708, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 

803). 3, Cat. No. 249647, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 919). 2, Cat. No. 

249656, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 928). 1, Cat. No. 250310, U.S.N.M. 

(Coll. No. 1183). 1, Cat. No. 250314, U.S.N.M. (CoU. No. 1187). 

In addition to these, I have seen four specimens, Cat, No. 98001, 

U.S.N.M., from the mouth of Fish River, and 1, Cat, No. 43144a, 

U.S.N.M., from the Cape of Good Hope. 

CONUS GUTTATUS Kiener. 

I have seen four lots of this species, all from Port Alfred, as follows: 

2, Cat, No. 249646, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 918). 1, Cat. No. 249658, 

U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 930). 1, Cat. No. 250307, U.S.N.M. (CoU. No. 

1180). 1, Cat. No. 250312, U.S.N.M. (CoU. No. 1185). 

:


CONUS PICTUS Reeve. 

I have seen five specimens of this species from South Africa, three 

collected by Colonel Turton at Port Alfred. 

1, Cat. No. 186663, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 18). 2, Cat. No. 249653, 

U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 925). 2, Cat, No. 97986, U.S.N.M. from the 

mouth of Fish River, South Africa. 

CONUS INFRENATUS Reeve. 

I have seen seven specimens of this species from South Africa, 

four of which were collected by Colonel Turton at Port Alfred, as 

follows: Cat. No. 186662, U.S.N.M., two specimens (Coll. No. 17); 

Cat. No. 250308, U.S.N.M., one specimen (Coll. No. 1181); Cat. No. 

250315, U.S.N.M., one specimen (Coll. No. 1188); Cat. No. 97987, 

U.S.N.M., three specimens from the mouth of Fish River. 

CONUS ALGOfiNSIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 170, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by William Stimp- 

son, on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False Bay. Cat. 

No. 18516, U.S.N.M., one from the Cape of Good Hope. 

CONUS BAIRSTOWI Sowerby. 

One specimen, Cat, No. 186664, U.S.N.M., from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 19). 

CONUS CROTCHI Reeve. 

Cat. No. 130748, U.S.N.M., one specimen bearing the general 

locality South Africa. 

CONUS, species (?). 

Cat. No. 186974, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen too badly worn 

to be specifically determined, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 506). 

Family TURRITIDAE. 

Genus CLIONELLA Gray. 

CLIONELLA KRAUSSII Smith. 

Cat. No. 186666, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 21). Another individual, Cat. No. 21780, U.S.N.M., 

collected at Algoa Bay, was received from Dunker under the name 

of Drillia fucata Reeve. 

CLIONELLA BIPARTITA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186667, U.S.N.M., contains two specimons of this species 


CLIONELLA SUBVENTRICOSA Smith. 


(Coll. No. 23). Cat. No. 272115, U. S. N. M. another from South 

Africa.


CLIONELLA CONFUSA Smith. 

This species is wonderfully variable in coloration; 10 specimens 

before me, Cat. No. 252108, U.S.N.M., selected from a lot of 76 specimens, 

(Coll. No. 1607), from Port Alfred, show the following variations 

in color. Some have the base white, the tip rose colored, and 

the intermediate portion brown; the latter may be unicolor, spotted 

or marbled with brown. Others are rose colored throughout, with 

mottlings and spottings of brown; some of them even have the 

narrow white zone at the summit, characterizing C. rosaria. Still 

others are pale lavender with rose colored tips; these again may be 

variously mottled. Some of them are uniformly rose colored without 

any additional mottlings, while others are pale yellow. Some have 

a narrow dark zone at the summit and another dark band on the base. 

I have seen two additional lots from Port Alfred, 3, Cat. No. 

186669, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 24), and Cat. No. 227756, U.S.N.M., six 

specimens (Coll. No. 851). Cat. No. 90681, U.S.N .M., one from the 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat, No. 979175, U.S.N.M., contains two from 

the same locality. Cat. No. 187*97, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen 

from Port Elizabeth. 

CLIONELLA ROSARIA Reeve. 

Cat. No. 186669a, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 24). Cat. No. 227757, U.S.N.M., four specimens from the same 

locality (Coll. No. 852). Cat. No. 252109, U.S.N.M., 10 specimens 

from the same place (Coll. No. 1608). In addition to these, I have 

seen 70 specimens which have been returned to the collector, bearing 

the same collector's number as the last. 

CLIONELLA SYBARITICA, new spec'es. 


Shell elongate-conic. Nuclear whorls decollated. Post-nuclear 

whorls moderately rounded, constricted at the sinus, which causes 

the summit of the turns to appear as a cord. The space between the 

sutures is variously mottled with flesh color and chestnut spots and 

streaks. The base, beginning at the periphery, is rose colored, a little 

paler on the columella than the rest. The whorls are marked with 

strong, protractive, axial ribs, which are about as wide as the spaces 

that separate them; of these, 14 occur upon the first to sixth whorl, 

while on the last whorl the number increases to about 20. These ribs 

are interrupted at the sinus a little distance below the summit, and 

become decidedly enfeebled on the base, vanishing before they reach 

the columella. In addition to the axial ribs the surface is marked by 

numerous strong lines of growth. The spiral sculpture consists of 

equal and equally spaced spiral striations, which are about as broad 

as the spaces that separate them; these are best expressed in the


groove of the sinus. The lirae, between the spiral striations and the 

axial lines of growth, inclose numerous small pits, giving the entire 

surface between the sutures the appearance of a grating. On the 

base the lines of growth are less strongly developed and the pitting 

is less pronounced. Aperture rather short; posterior angle obtuse; 

the sinus is about as broad as the cord above it at the summit of the 

whorls. The space between the sinus and the anterior portion of 

the outer lip forms a claw-like element. Columella strong, its inner 

edge, like the parietal wall, glazed with a thin callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1333). The type has lost the nucleus; the 

seven whorls remaining measure: Length, 20.5 mm.; diameter, 7 mm. 

CLIONELLA NEREIA, new species. 


Shell fusiform, chestnut brown variegated with yellowish brown and 

white, with the apex and anterior portion of base a little lighter than 

the rest. Whorls with a low rounded subsutural spiral keel that 

is about one-fifth the width of the space between the sutures. The 

keel is bordered anteriorly by a shallow sulcus which is about half as 

wide as the keel. The remaining portions of the whorls on the spire 

are marked by low, rounded, protractive, axial ribs, which vary 

somewhat in strength. Of these, there are 14 upon the third; 1G 

upon the fourth; 18 upon the fifth; and 16 upon the penultimate 

"turn. In addition to the ribs, the ribbed part of the whorl between 

the sutures is marked by four, strongly incised, equal and subequally 

spaced, spiral lines. Summits of the whorls rounded. Sutures well 

impressed. Posterior half of the base well rounded, marked by 

several well incised spiral . lines ; and the weak continuations of the 

axial ribs. Anterior half produced, ornamented by five moderately 

strong lirations. Entire surface of spire and base covered by num- 

erous strong incremental lines, which are slightly retractive on the 

subsutural keel and protractive on the rest of the shell. Aperture 

irregular; posterior angle acute; sinus deep and narrow, somewhat 

below the summit; outer lip strongly curved; columella short and 

slightly curved, glazed with a thin callus which also extends upon 

the parietal wall. 

The type, Cat. No. 205942, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 24) . It has seven whorls, and measures : Length, 1 4.0 mm. 

diameter, 5.7 mm. Cat. No. 250456, U.S.N.M., three from the same 

place (Coll. No. 1329). Cat. No. 272il6,U.S.N.M., contains two addi- 

tional specimens from South Africa. 

CLIONELLA ELIZABETHAE, new species. 


Shell broadly fusiform. Posterior two-fifths of the whorls between 

the sutures with a strongly excavated channel; anterior three-fifths 

;


marked by 10-12 prominent, broad, low, rounded, somewhat pro- 

tractive axial ribs which are truncated posteriorly by the channel, their 

terminations forming cusps. Intercostal spaces about twice as wide 

as the ribs. The ribbed portions of the whorls on the spire are 

covered by five, equal and equally spaced, incised, spiral lines. Summit 

of the whorls appressed, rendering the sutures ill defined. Base 

of the last whorl moderately long, marked by the feeble continua- 

tions of the axial ribs and on the posterior half by five incised spiral 

lines equaling those on the spire in strength and spacing and forming 

a continuous series with them. Anterior portion of base with about 

seven ill-defined spiral lirations. Aperture narrowly elongate pyriform, 

sinus shallow immediately below the sutures; outer lip somewhat 

sinuous; columella strong, slightly sigmoid. The coloration 

of the type consists of a creamy white ground, which is almost unmarked 

in the subsutural channel and on the anterior half of the base 

on the last turn. A few dots of brownish orange appear near the 

summit between the ribs of the preceding whorls. The ribbed por- 

tion of the whorl between the anterior and posterior portion of the 

base is strongly mottled with brownish orange in the intercostal 

spaces, less so on the summits of the ribs, while a little posterior to 

the middle the base is marked by two slender spiral lines of the 

same color. 

The type, Cat. No. 18796, U.S.N.M., has lost the early whorls; the 

four and one-half remaining measure : Length, 1 3 mm. ; diameter, 7 mm. 

It comes from Port Elizabeth. 

CLIONELLA SEMICOSTATA Kiener 

Cat. No. 16913, U.S.N. M., one specimen from Cape of Good Hope. 

CLIONELLA TURTONI, new species. 


Shell fusiform, covered with thick brownish olive epidermis. 

(Nuclear whorls decollated.) Post-nuclear whorls flattened except- 

ing the contraction of the anal sulcus, which is a little anterior to the 

posterior third of the space between the sutures; slightly shouldered 

at the summit. Subsutural cord well rounded, marked by feeble 

extensions of the ribs, which have a retractive slant. Anal sulcus a 

mere constriction. Posterior to the sinus the last whorl is marked by 

very low, poorly developed, somewhat sinuous protractive axial ribs, 

each of which bears a weak nodule at the sulcus. In addition to the 

axial ribs the entire surface of the spire and base is marked by numer- 

ous strong lines of growth and spiral striations, the combination of the 

two giving the surface a finely reticulated appearance. Sutures 

strongly marked. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base 

moderately long with a slender fasciole at the insertion of the col-


umella. Aperture irregular; outer lip with a broad moderately deep 

sinus, anterior portion well curved. Columella somewhat sinuous, 

covered by a strong callus which extends up on the parietal wall. 

The type and one other specimen, Cat. No. 186670, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 25). The type has lost the nucleus and 

probably the first post-nuclear turn; the seven remaining measure: 

Length, 26.5 mm.; diameter, 10.0 mm. 

CLIONELLA, species? 

Cat. No. 250458, U.S.N.M., contains a young specimen of a large 

species from Port Alfred, which I am unable to identify with any of 

the named species (Coll. No. 1331). 

CLIONELLA SINUATA Born. 

Cat. No. 194, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens of this species 

obtained by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition 

at Simons Bay. 

CLIONELLA BORNII Smith. 

Cat. No. 186994, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 526), and Cat. No. 97917a, U.S.N.M., one specimen from 

Cape of Good Hope. 

CLIONELLA? PLATYSTOMA Smith. 

Cab. No. 186671, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 26) and Cat. No. 186999, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 531) from the same 

locality. 


Cat. No. 187000, U.S.N.M., contains the tip of a large shell which 

we are unable to refer to any of the species listed from South Africa. 

(Coll. No. 532). 


Cat. No. 186996, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Alfred, which 

I am unable to refer to any of the species listed from South Africa. 

They are too poor to be properly diagnosed (Coll. No. 528). 

Genus TURRIS Humphrey. 

TURRIS FULTONI Sowerby. 


No. 28). Cat. No. 249735, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen from 

the same locality (Coll. No. 1007). 

Genus CLAVATULA Lamarck. 

CLAVATULA TAXUS Kiener. 


No. 523).


CLAVATULA HALIPLEX, new species. 


Shell robust, fusiform. Whorls sloping from the summit and the 

periphery to a depressed line midway between the sutures. The 

portion posterior to the median line is smooth excepting the strongly 

retractive lines of growth and spiral striations. The portion anterior 

to it is marked by distant, low, broad, feebly developed axial ribs, 

which appear as nodules above the sulcus. On this part the incremental 

lines are decidedly protractive. Sutures well marked. Pos- 

terior portion of base well rounded, anterior part produced rendering 

the left outline of the whorl concave, marked by feeble extensions 

of the ribs which disappear shortly after passing over the periphery. 

Entire surface of spire and base marked by very fine, closely spaced 

wavy spiral striations. Aperture of irregular outline; posterior angle 

acute; sinus moderately deep, in the middle between the periphery 

and summit; columella stout, somewhat sinuous and twisted, cov- 

ered by a thin callus, which also extends over the parietal wall. 

Color uniformly cream yellow. In some of the young specimens the 

space between the sulcus and summit and tip of base are white, the 

rest light brown. 

The type and one other individual, Cat. No. 186992, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 524). The type has lost its early 

whorls, the seven remaining measure: Length, 29.5 mm.; diameter, 

11.6 mm. Cat. No. 186997, U.S.N.M., contains three young indi- 

viduals from the same locality (Coll. No. 529). 

CLAVATULA HALISTREPTA, new species. 


Shell fusiform. Whorls marked by a narrow, obscurely nodulous 

spiral keel at the summit, which is followed by a depressed spiral 

sulcus that equals the keel in width, the two comprising the posterior 

two-fifths of the whorls between the sutures. Anterior three-fifths 

marked by strong, broad, low, rounded, slightly protractive axial 

ribs, which are strongest at their junction with the sulcus, beyond 

which they scarcely extend. The type has lost the early whorls; 

upon the first of those remaining there are 10 and upon the rest, 12 

ribs. Intercostal spaces about one-half as wide as the ribs. On 

account of the closely appressed summits, the sutures are poorly 

defined. Base of the last whorl moderately long, marked by the con- 

tinuations of the ribs, which gradually weaken in strength as they pass 

forward. Entire surface of the spire and base marked by lines of 

growth and numerous, closely crowded, fine, wavy, spiral striations. 

Posterior angle of aperture acute, sinus below the keel at the summit; 

columella sigmoid, covered by a thin callus which also extends over


the parietal wall, in the posterior portion of which it becomes decidedly 

thickened. Ground color cream yellow; intercostal spaces and 

slight extensions of their areas posteriorly across the sulcus and the 

summit of the keel chestnut brown. The same coloration appears 

within the aperture. 

The type and one other specimen, Cat. No. 186993, U.S.N.M., were 

collected at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 525). The type has the last seven 

whorls and measures: Length, 33.5 mm.; diameter, 11.8 mm. 

Cat. No. 186998, U.S.N.M., contains an additional specimen from 


CLAVATULA HELENA, new species. 


Shell moderately large, spindle shaped, ground color wax yellow, 

upon which are disposed blotches and streaks of chestnut brown. On 

the spire, the anterior half of the intercostal spaces between the 

sutures, is brown; nuclear whorls decollated; postnuclear whorls 

flattened, with a narrow, well-rounded keel posterior to the sinus; 

the sinus itself appears as a well-impressed, broad, shallow sulcus, the 

two extending over the posterior half of the shell between the sutures. 

The anterior half is marked with feeble, decidedly protractive, axial 

ribs, of which 8 occur upon the first and second, 10 upon the third 

and fourth, and 12 upon the penultimate turn. The spaces between 

these ribs are about as wide as the ribs. In addition to the above 

sculpture, the spire is marked by exceedingly fine lines of growth. 

Sutures moderately impressed; periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base moderately long, marked by the feeble continuations 

of the axial ribs, and about 20 poorly denned spiral threads which are 

separated by narrow, incised lines. These threads are a little better 

developed on the anterior half than on the posterior half of the base. 

Aperture elongate-oval; posterior angle acute; outer lip quite thick, 

notched at the sinus; inner lip appressed to the base; parietal wall 

covered by a very thick callus. 

The type and two specimens, Cat. No. 227761, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 856). The type has lost the nuclear 

whorls and probably the first post nuclear turn. The six remaining 

measure: Length, 28 mm. ; diameter, 12 mm. 

CLAVATULA, species? 

Cat. No. 186995, U.S.N.M., contains a worn specimen from Port 

Alfred allied to C. lialiplex (Coll. No. 527). 

Genus DRILLIA Gray. 

DRILLIA ROUSI Sowerby. 


No. 29).


DRILLIA CAFFRA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186674, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 30). 

DRILLIA SIGNA, new species. 


Shell broadly conic. Nuclear whorls rose colored, the later portion 

of the shell horn yellow, with a broad chestnut band, which extends 

from the periphery anteriorly, over one-third of the base, gradually 

paling to fuse with the ground color. Whorls moderately rounded, 

strongly, tabulatedly shouldered at the summit. The portion 

between the angle near the summit and the periphery is crossed by 

low, broad axial ribs, of which 14 occur upon the fourth and fifth and 

16 upon the last whorl. On the base of the last whorl these ribs 

gradually become evanescent. In addition to the axial ribs, the 

whorls are marked by lines of growth and numerous fine, closely 

spaced spiral striations, which are about as wide as the spaces that 

separate them. These spiral striations occur equally strong at the 

shoulder of the summit and on the base. Aperture moderately large; 

posterior angle decidedly obtuse; sinus very shallow, forming the 

angle at the shoulder; outer lip thin, showing the external color markings 

within ; inner edge of the columella and parietal wall glazed with 

a thin callus. 

Th£ type, Cat, No. 250457, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1330). It has seven whorls and measures: Length, 14 mm. 

diameter, 6.2 mm. 

DRILLIA LAYARDI Sowerby. 

Cat, No. 186675, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 31). Cat. No. 272113, U.S.N.M., two from South Africa. 

DRILLIA DIVERSA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186676, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 32). 

DRILLIA BAIRSTOWI Sowerby. 


No. 33). Two additional specimens, Cat. No. 249732, U.S.N.M., come 

from the same place (Coll. No. 1004). 

DRILLIA HOTTENTOTA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186678, U.S.N.M., seven specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 34). Also Cat. No. 187007, U.S.N.M., two young individuals 

from the same locality (Coll. No. 540) and Cat. No. 187008, U.S.N.M., 

another immature shell from the same place (Coll. No. 541). Cat. 

No. 272117, U.S.N.M., one from South Africa. 

DRILLIA ALBONODULOSA Smith. 


No. 35). 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 3 

;


DRILLIA THETIS Smith. 


No. 36). Cat. No. 249733, U.S.N .M., contains another specimen from 


DRILLIA NIVOSA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186681, U.S.N.M., five specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 37). Cat. No. 249731, U.S.N.M., contains two additional specimens 

from the same locality (Coll. No. 1003). 

DRILLIA SUBCONTRACTA Smith. 


No. 38). Cat. No. 272114, U.S.N.M., one from South Africa. 

DRILLIA PRAETERMISSA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186683, U.S.N .M., four specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 39). Cat. No. 187002, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the same 

source (Coll. No. 534). Cat. No. 227762, U.S.N .M., two specimens 


DRILLIA LARA, new species. 


Shell fusiform, orange yellow; shoulder a little lighter colored than 

the rest of the turns. Posterior third of the whorls between the 

sutures marked by a concave sulcus, which is crossed by fine 

retractive lines of growth and many, very fine, closely spaced, wavy, 

spiral striations. Anterior two-thirds of the whorls between the 

sutures marked by low, rounded, decidedly protractive, axial ribs, 

which are truncated posteriorly at the anterior margin of the sulcus; 

anteriorly they pass feebly over the periphery and part of the base. 

There are 12 of these ribs upon all but the penultimate turn; the 

latter has 14. The ribbed portion of the whorl on the spire is marked 

by about 20 equal and equally spaced spiral striations. Intercostal 

spaces ahnost as wide as the ribs. Summits of the whorls appressed. 

Sutures ill defined. Base of the last whorl gently rounded posteriorly, 

the somewhat produced extremity giving the left outline a slightly 

concave appearance in the middle. The posterior portion of the 

base is spirally striated like the space immediately posterior to it. 

Anteriorly the base is marked by slender spiral lirations, which are 

strongest at the basal extremity. Aperture of irregular outline; outer 

Up deeply channeled at the posterior angle, very strongly curved in 

the middle, the edge of which is infolded; columella moderately long, 

stout, covered by a slight callus which extends up over the parietal 

wall, in the posterior part of which it becomes somewhat thickened.


The type, Cat. No. 187001, U.S.N .M., and another specimen come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 533). The type has seven whorls and 

measures: Length, 13.6 mm.; diameter, 5.8 mm. Cat. No. 272118 

U.S.N.M., one from Port Elizabeth, South Africa. 

DRILLIA HALIDOMA, new species. 


Shell robust, rufous orange. Whorls with a narrow, obscurely 

nodulous keel immediately below the summit, followed by a sulcus 

that is a little wider than the keel, the two almost equaling the width 

of the spaces between the sutures. Anterior half of the whorl 

between the sutures inflated, of much greater diameter than the rest 

of the whorls, marked by very broad, low, rounded, slightly protec- 

tive, axial ribs, which terminate posteriorly in rounded knobs, while 

anteriorly they extend feebly over the periphery and part of the 

base. There are 12 of these ribs on the early whorls and 14 upon 

the penultimate. Posterior part of base well rounded, anterior part 

produced, which renders the left outline of the base concave. Entire 

surface of spire and base marked by incremental lines and fine, wavy, 

spiral striatums on the subsutural keel and sulcus. The ribbed parts 

of the spire and base are marked by slender raised lirations, of which 

3 appear between the sutures and 8 on the base, the latter becoming 

successively narrower from the periphery to the extremity of the 

base. Aperture irregularly ovate; posterior angle acute, sinus deep, 

somewhat below the summit; outer lip decidedly curved; columella 

moderately long, slightly sigmoid, covered by a thin callus, which 

extends upon the parietal wall. 

The type, Cat. No. 90678, U.S.N.M., comes from the Cape of 

Good Hope. It has lost the early whorls; the 6 remaining measure: 

Length, IS. 6 mm.; diameter, 9.6 mm. 

DRILLIA, species? 

Cat. No. 97917, U.S.N.M., a young individual from Cape of Good 

Hope, which can not be referred to any of the forms listed from South 

Africa. 

Genus MANGILIA (Leach) Risso. 

MANGILIA CAPENSIS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186684, U.S.N.M., three species from Port Alfred (Coll. 


MANGILIA DINA, new species. 


Shell milk white. Nuclear whorls 2h, dextral, forming a low apex, 

the first small and smooth, the second much larger, marked by very 

slender riblets and fine spiral lirations which increase in strength


with the growth of the whorls. Post-nuclear whorls very strongly 

shouldered at about one third of the distance between the sutures 

anterior to the summit, marked by strong, somewhat protractive axial 

ribs, of which 12 occur upon all but the penultimate turn; upon this 

there are 14. Intercostal spaces about three times as wide as the 

ribs. In addition to the axial sculpture the whorls are marked by 

spiral lirations which are of two strengths. Four of the stronger cross 

the whorls between the periphery and the shoulder; of these one is 

immediately above the suture and one at the angle of the shoulder, 

the other two divide the space between them into three unequal 

areas. 

The space between the peripheral and second strong liration 

is crossed by four slender subequal spiral threads; that between the 

second and third also by four, that between the thud and fourth by 

five, of which the middle one is a little stronger than the rest. The 

space between the shoulder and the summit of the whorls is marked 

by about 20 slender, equal and equally spaced, spiral threads. Sutures 

strongly marked. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base 

attenuated, marked by strong and fine lirations like the spire, those 

on the columellar portion being stronger than the rest. There are 

twelve strong threads having a somewhat variable number of finer 

threads between them. The entire surface of spire and base is also 

marked by fine lines of growth which give a pitted appearance to the 

spaces between the fine spiral fines in the intercostal spaces. All 

the spirals cross the axial ribs and the coarser ones render their junc- 

tions with the ribs slightly nodulose. Aperture of irregular shape; 

outer lip scythe-shaped, the border of the deep-rounded notch which is 

immediately below the summit representing the handle, the flattened 

surface of the strongly in-bent outer lip forming the blade; the sur- 

face of the latter is finely, spirally striated; columellar wall covered 

by a thin callus which extends upon the parietal wall. 

The type, Cat. No. 186686a, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 42). It has seven whorls, and measures: Length, 6.0 mm.; 


MANGILIA VERRUCOSA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 227758,U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 853). 

MANGILIA GISNA, new species. 


Shell small, golden brown. Nuclear whorls one and a half, smooth, 

forming a rather elevated apex. Post-nuclear whorls, well rounded, 

shouldered at the summit, marked by strong spiral cords, of which 3 

occur upon the first two whorls between the sutures, and 4 upon the 

penultimate. The base of the last whorl is marked by eight addi-


tional cords, which equal those between the sutures in strength and 

have about the same spacing. The spaces between these spiral cords 

are about as wide as the cords. In addition to the spiral cords, the 

whorls are marked by slender axial ribs, which are slightly pro- 

tractive. Of these ribs, 12 occur upon the first, 16 upon the second 

and 28 upon the last turn. The junctions of the axial ribs with the 

spiral cords form slender tubercles, while the spaces enclosed between 

them appear as well rounded, strongly impressed pits. On the 

anterior half of the base, the axial riblets become much enfeebled, so 

that here the pitting is less apparent. Sutures strongly constricted; 

aperture moderately large, decidedly channeled posteriorly and anteriorly; 

outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within. The 

inner edge of the columella and the parietal wall is covered with a 

thin callus. 

The type and two specimens of this species, Cat. No. 249730, 

U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1002). The type has four 

postnuclear whorls and measures: Length, 3.1 mm. ; diameter, 1 .4 mm. 

MANGILIA CONSANGUINEA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 249747, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 1019). This species was described by Sowerby as 

Columbella consanguinea, but we believe that it belongs to Mangilia. 

MANGILIA NISGA, new species. 


Shell small, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls small, one and a half, 

smooth, forming a very small, well-rounded, white apex. Postnuclear 

whorls with a very strong sloping shoulder, which is bounded 

anteriorly by a strong tuberculated spiral cord. In addition to this 

cord, the whorls are marked by three additional cords, which decrease 

in strength successively from the strong cord at the shoulder, to the 

suture. The space between the strong shoulder and the summit of 

the shell is marked by a strong spiral thread. Base of the last whorl 

marked by a peripheral cord, about as strong as the one adjacent to 

it posteriorly and two others as strong as this, having the same spac- 

ing as those on the spire. The columella is provided with four cords, 

of which the fourth, which marks the anterior limit of the columella, 

is as strong as the first, while the two intermediate ones are less 

strongly developed. In addition to the spiral sculpture, the whorls 

are marked with rounded, low, quite regularly spaced, axial ribs, 

of which 10 occur upon the first and second, and 14 upon the last 

turn. These ribs render the spiral cords tuberculated at their junc- 

tion with them. In addition, to these strong axial ribs, the entire 

surface of the shell, between the sutures ami the anterior half of the

26 BULLETIN 91, [TOTTED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

base, is marked by numerous, quite regular, closely spaced, axial 

threads, which are best shown in the spaces between the spiral cords 

and on the tabulated summit of the whorls. Aperture rather large, 

scarcely channeled posteriorly; outer lip very thick, rendered den- 

ticulate on the outside by the spiral cords; inner lip and parietal wall 

glazed with a thin callus. 

Th a type, Cat. No. 250403, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1336). It has four post-nuclear whorls and measures: 


MANGILIA HELGA, new species. 


Shell wax yellow. Nuclear whorls one and a half, well rounded, 

apparently smooth. Post-nuclear whorls strongly, tabulatedly 

shouldered, marked by strong, spiral cords, of which 3 occur between 

the angle of the shoulder and the suture on all the whorls; these are 

a little wider than the spaces that separate them. On the middle of 

the tabulated shoulder, a slender spiral cord begins on the first 

whorJ, which increases in strength until it is about half as strong as 

those anterior to it on the last turn. Sutures strongly constricted. 

Periphery of the last whorl marked by a cord fully as strong as those 

posterior to it. Base moderately prolonged, slightly rounded, 

marked by three spiral cords which are almost as strong as those on 

the spire and of about equal spacing with them. Aperture feebly 

channeled posteriorly, decidedly so anteriorly; outer lip rendered 

sinuous by the spiral cords; inner lip and parietal wall covered with 



(Coll. No. 1343). It has three and a half post-nuclear whorls and 

measures: •Length, 3 mm.; diameter, 1.1 mm. 

MANGILIA BENJAMINI, new species. 

Plate; 7, fig. 5. 

Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls, more than one, 

smooth. Post-nuclear whorls strongly rounded; the sinus falling at 

the summit where the whorls are somewhat contracted; surface of 

the post-nuclear whorls marked with strong, rounded, protracted 

axial ribs, which begin practically anterior to the sinus and extend 

strongly to the periphery; they are scarcely denned anterior to this 

on the las) whorl. Of these ribs 10 occur upon the first to fourth, 12 

upon the fifth to seventh, and 14 upon the penultimate turn. The 

axial ribs are about as wide as the spaces that separate them. In 

addition to these axial ribs the whorls are marked by numerous 

slender spiral threads, of which about 5 occur in the area of the 

sinus on the last three turns. These are finer than those which cover


the rest of the turn between the sutures; of the latter 3 occur upon 

the first to third, 4 upon the fourth, 7 upon the fifth and sixth, 1 1 upon 

the next, and 13 on the last turn. The spaces between tho spiral 

threads about equal the spiral threads in strength. The surfaco 

between the spiral threads is covered with fine granulations on the 

spire. The last whorl anterior to the periphery is marked by 27 spiral 

cords, which are about equal and equally spaced, being only a trifle 

stronger on the columella. Sutures well constricted; aperture with 

a strong deep sinus at its posterior angle, which renders the outer lip, 

anterior to this, decidedly claw-like; outer lip strongly reenforced 

within by a callus which bears about 15 denticulations on the inner 

surface. Columella and parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 

The type, Cat. No. 210, U.S.N.M., was collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False Bay. 

It has nine post-nuclear whorls and measures : Length, 15.3 mm. ; diameter, 

5.7 mm. Tho specimen was labeled Clathurella gracilis Montagu. 

It differs from this in being uniformly smaller and having ever so 

many more spiral cords. Named for Dr. Marcus Benjamin of the 

United States National Museum. 

MANGILIA? CRASSILIRATA Smith. 


No. 538). Cat. No. 250459, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen 


MANGILIA ARATA, new species. 


Shell vinaceous cinnamon. Nuclear whorls two, dextral, smooth, 

well rounded. Post-nuclear whorls with the posterior third between the 

sutures forming sloping shoulders, the rest well rounded, ornamented 

by strong, rounded, almost vertical, axial ribs, which are about one-half 

as wide as the intercostal spaces. Ten of these ribs occur upon the first 

and second, 12 upon the third, and 14 upon the penultimate turn. In 

addition to the ribs the whorls are marked by strongly raised, narrow, 

spiral bands, of which, four, equally strong and equally spaced, divido 

the space between the suture and the shoulder and three, that between 

the shoulder and the summit; of these, two are close together, immediately 

posterior to the shoulder, while the third divides the space 

between them and the summit. Sutures somewhat constricted. 

Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Posterior half of base well 

rounded and marked by the continuations of the axial ribs. Ante- 

rior half produced. Entire base crossed by 20 raised spiral bands, 

the posterior of which equals those on the spire, while thoso on the 

anterior extremity appear as rounded lirations. Aperture of irregu- 

lar outline, channel strong and deep, separated from the parietal wall


by a thick callus; outer lip very strong, coming to a sharp edge 

strongly incurved in the middle; columella sinuous and twisted, 

strong, covered by a thin callus which extends up on the parietal wall. 

The type, Cat. No. 168, U.S.N.M., was collected by William Stimpson 

at Simons Bay on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition. It 

has five post-nuclear whorls and measures: Length, 6.7 mm.; diameter, 

3.0 mm. 

MANGILIA EUCOSMIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, slender, white with narrow brown bands. 

Nuclear whorls 2\, dextral, strongly rounded, smooth, forming an 

elevated spire. Post-nuclear whorls with a strong shoulder one-third 

of the distance between the sutures anterior to the summit, the rest 

well rounded, marked by strong, narrow, sinuous, slightly pro tractive, 

axial ribs, of which 10 occur upon the first, 12 upon the second and 

third, 14 upon the fourth and fifth, and 16 upon the penultimate turn. 

Intercostal spaces about three times as wide as the ribs. The spiral 

sculpture consists of moderately broad, low, flattened spiral lira- 

tions, separated by channels a little less in width than the lirations. 

These lirations grow gradually wider from the summit to the periph- 

ery. There are 14 of them between the sutures on the penultimate 

turn. Base attenuated, marked by the continuations of the axial 

ribs and about 14 spiral lirations, those of the outer half where the 

ribs are absent being much stronger than the rest. Aperture almost 

oval, decidedly expanded at the posterior angle, where the outer lip 

is somewhat reflected by the shallow channel. Middle of the outer 

lip slightly inbent, thin; columella sinuous and somewhat twisted, 

covered by a thin callus which extends up on the parietal wall. 

The type has nine whorls and measures: Length, 12.4 mm. ; diame- 

ter, 4 mm. It and three other specimens, Cat. No. 187004, U.S.N. M., 

are from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 536). Cat. No. 187005, U.S.N.M., 

contains two specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 537). 

In some of the specimens, the spiral lirations show a tendency to 

split. 

MANGILIA HERILDA, new species. 


Shell small, white. Nucleus consisting of at least one whorl, 

which appears to be smooth. (In our specimens this is somewhat 

worn.) Post-nuclear whorls, well rounded, separated by a well im- 

pressed suture, marked by strong, low, rounded, retractive axial ribs, 

which are not quite as broad as the spaces that separate them. Of 

these ribs, about 12 occur upon all the whorls. These ribs disappear 

shortly after passing over the periphery of the base. In addition


to the axial ribs, the surface of the shell is marked by numerous, fine 

lines of growth. The spiral sculpture consists of well-developed 

cords, which are about half as wide as the spaces that separate them. 

Of these cords, 4 occur between the sutures on the first turn, 5 upon 

the second, 6 upon the third and 7 upon the penultimate whorl. 

Base marked by about 15 spiral cords, which equal those on the 

spire in strength and spacing. Aperture moderately large; posterior 

angle obtuse, scarcely channeled; outer lip thin, rendered slightly 

sinuous by the spiral cords on the outside; columella and parietal 

wall covered with a thin callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1006). The type has five postnuclear 

whorls and measures: Length, 7.4 mm.; diameter, 3.1 mm. 

MANGILIA, species? 

Cat. No. 250454, U.S.N.M., contains a young specimen from Port 

Alfred, which we are unable to identify positively (Coll. No. 1327). 

MANGILIA GRAYI Reeve. 


No. 42). Cat. No. 250468, U.S.N.M., one from the same place (Coll. 

No. 1341). 

MANGILIA NYMPHA, new species. 


Shell very small and slender, semitransparent, light yellow with 

the posterior third between the sutures bright chestnut brown on the 

later whorls, while the early ones are white. Nuclear whorls dextral, 

1£, helicoid, closely coiled, smooth and polished. Post-nuclear whorls 

well rounded with appressed summits, ornamented with protractive, 

well rounded, axial ribs, of which 12 occur upon the first, 14 upon 

the second, 16 upon the third, and 20 upon the last turn. Intercostal 

spaces a little wider than the ribs, crossed by equal and equally spaced 

spiral bars which pass up on the sides of the ribs but do not cross them; 

of these, seven appear between the sutures. Sutures well impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl rounded. Base attenuated, marked by 

the feeble continuations of the axial ribs and spiral lirations which 

become dominant on the anterior portion where the ribs disappear, 

and these form continuous, raised, spiral threads. There are seven 

spiral threads on the base. Outer lip fractured, ver} r thin, showing 

the external sculpture within; columella strongly sigmoid, covered b}^ 

a thin callus which extends up on the parietal wall. 


(Coll. No. 542). It has four post-nuclear whorls and measures: 

Length, 3.9 mm.; diameter, 1.5 mm. Cat. No. 250462, U.S.N.M., 

contains another specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 1335).



Cat. No. 250472, U.S.N.M., contains two young shells of a slender 

Mangilia from Port Alfred, the nuclear whorls of which are very 

minutely, spirally striated; the succeeding turns provided with slender 

ribs and incised, spiral lines (Coll. No. 1345). 


Cat. No. 19371, U.S.N.M., contains a worn specimen of a species 

different from any of the known species. It bears the label South 

Africa. It is too poor to be properly diagnosed. 

MANGILIA AMPLEXA Gould. 

Plate 2, fig. 10, plate 7, fig. 6. 

Clathurella amplexa Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 338, 1860. 

Shell elongate-conic, white or cream-yellow. Nuclear whorls two 

and one-half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls strongly 

rounded, provided with decidedly sinuous, strong, protractively 

slanting, almost sublamellar, axial ribs, of which 14 occur upon the 

first three and 12 upon the remaining whorls. These ribs are about 

one-third as wide as the spaces which separate them. In addition 

to the ribs, the whorls are marked by narrow, deeply incised, spiral 

sulci, which are about one-third as wide as the flat spaces that sepa- 

rate them. The increase in these sulci from the early whorls to 

the later takes place by the intercalation of new sulci in the flat 

spaces, which usually begin as fine incised striations. Of these 

sulci 6 occur upon the first, 10 upon the second, 17 upon the third, 

14 upon the fourth, and 19 upon the penultimate whorl. Periphery 

of the last whorl well rounded. Base protracted, marked by the 

strong continuations of the axial ribs, which become evanescent at 

the insertion of the columella, and 23 incised spiral sulci, which are 

a little more distantly spaced on the columella than on the posterior 

half of the base. Aperture decidedly channeled anteriorly, poste- 

riorly with a strong notch immediately below the suture. The type, 

Cat. No. 217 U.S.N.M., comes from Simons Bay. It has five postnuclear 

whorls and measures: Length, 8 mm.; diameter, 2.5 mm. 

Another specimen, Cat. No. 187003, U.S.N.M., comes from Port 


MANGILIA HUMEROSA, new species. 


Shell slender, semitransparent, white, with a slender band of 

bright rufous a little posterior to the periphery of each whorl and 

sometimes a second line of the same color immediately below the 

summit of the whorls. (Nuclear whorls decollated.) Postnuclear 

whorls rather high between the sutures, slightly shouldered a little


below the appressed summit, otherwise well rounded, marked by 

strong, narrow, somewhat sinuous, almost vertical axial ribs, of 

which 12 occur upon all the turns. Intercostal spaces almost three 

times as wide as the ribs, crossed by 18 equal and almost equally 

spaced, strongly incised, spiral lines between the sutures. Periphery 

of the last whorl well rounded. Base attenuated, marked by the 

continuations of the axial ribs on the posterior half, and about 12 

incised spirals, which equal those of the spire in strength and spac- 

ing. Aperture irregular, outer Up slightly reflected at the posterior 

angle to form a shallow notch, the rest decidedly inbent; columella 

somewhat sigmoid, covered by a thin callus which extends up on the 

parietal wall. 

The type and one other specimen, Cat. No. 186688, U.S.N.M., were 

collected at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 46) . It has lost the first nuclear 

whorl, the six remaining measure: Length, 6.6 mm.; diameter, 

2.2 mm. 

MANGILIA PONSONBYI Sowerby. 


(Coll. No. 41). 


Cat. No. 250468, U.S.N.M., contains a 3 7oung specimen from Port 

Alfred, which appears to be different from any of the species recorded 

from South Africa, but is too poor to serve as a basis for description 

(Coll. No. 1341). 

MANGILIA SIREN Smith. 

Cat. No. 186691, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 50). This was described as Glyphostoma siren Smith, but 

I believe it should range with Mangilia. 

Genus CYTHARA Schumacher. 

CYTHARA ALFREDENSIS Smith. 

The United States National Museum has five lots of this species 

from Port Alfred. They are: Cat. No. 186689, eight specimens 

(Coll. No. 47). Cat. No. 227759, six specimens (Coll. No. 854). 

Cat. No. 227760, six specimens (Coll. No. 855). Cat. No. 252110, 

five specimens (Coll. No. 1603); and Cat. No. 252111, five specimens 

(Coll. No. 1604). 

In addition to these, I have seen 44 of (Coll. No. 1603) and 45 of 

(Coll. No. 1604), which have been returned to Col. Turton. 

CYTHARA IMA, new species. 


Shell white. Nuclear whorls two, smooth. Postnuclear whorls 

moderately rounded, with closely appressed summits marked by 

weak, depressed, rather broad, slightly protractive axial ribs, of


which 10 occur upon the first three whorls, 12 upon the fourth and 

penultimate. One of the ribs is decidedly thicker, forming a strong 

varix. This feature is common to all of our specimens. Intercostal 

spaces about twice as wide as the ribs and very shallow. In addi- 

tion to the axial sculpture the entire surface of spire and base is 

marked by equal and almost equally spaced, closely placed, wavy, 

incised, spiral lines, of which about 24 occur between the sutures on 

the penultimate turn and about 30 upon the base of the last whorl. 

Sutures ill-donned. Aperture with the posterior angle acute; outer 

lip thick within, sharp at edge, sinus scarcely indicated a little dis- 

tance anterior to the summit; columella almost straight, covered 

by a thin callus, which extends up on the parietal wall, forming a 

tubercle near the posterior angle. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons 

Bay. It has eight whorls and measures : Length, 8.1 mm.; diameter, 

3.5 mm. Cat. No. 186687, U.S.N.M., contains three additional 

specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 45). 

Genus DAPHNELLA Hinds. 

DAPHNELLA ? SULCATA Sowerby. 


No. 48). 

DAPHNELLA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell spindle shaped, milk white, semitranslucent. Nuclear 

whorls decollated; post-nuciear whorls well rounded, appressed at 

the summit, marked by moderately strong, protractively curved, 

sinuous, axial ribs, of which 12 occur upon the first, 14 upon the 

second and third, and 18 upon the penultimate turn. These ribs 

are about as wide as the spaces which separate them. Intercostal 

spaces shallow, crossed by slender, equal and equally spaced, spiral 

threads, of which 6 occur upon the first, 7 upon the second, 12 upon 

the third, and 15 upon the last turn between the sutures. The ap- 

pressed portion of the whorls appeare to be free from spiral sculp- 

ture. Sutures feebly marked; periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded; base rather long; the posterior half well rounded and the 

anterior half somewhat concaved, marked by the feeble continuations 

of the axial ribs and spiral threads which equal those of the spire in 

strength and spacing. Aperture oval, strongly channeled anteriorly, 

posterior angle acute; outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture 

within; inner lip almost evenly concaved; parietal wall glazed with 



(Coll. No. 848). It has five post-nuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 9.6 mm.; diameter, 4.5 mm.


Genus DONOVANIA Bucquoy, Dautzenberg, and Dollfus. 

DONOVANIA STIMPSONI, new species. 


Shell brown. (Nuclear whorls decollated.) Post-nuclear whorls 

well rounded with appressed summits. Axial sculpture reduced to 

mere feeble indication of axial ribs. Spirally the whorls are marked 

by equal and almost equally spaced, incised lines, of which six occur 

between the sutures of the second and third, seven upon the fourth 

and the penultimate turn. Upon the base, which is but slightly 

attenuated, there are 10 incised spirals, those on the anterior extremity 

being a little closer spaced than the rest. Sutures well im- 

pressed. Aperture with the posterior angle acute; outer lip thin, 

sinus scarcely indicated a little distance below the summit; columella 

short, straight, covered by a thin callus which extends up on 

the parietal wall. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False Bay. It 

has six whorls and measures: Length, 5.4 mm.; diameter, 2.1 mm. 

Family CANCELLARIIDAE. 

Genus CANCELLARIA Lamarck. 

CANCELLARIA FOVEOLATA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 98016, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Peddie Coast, South 

Africa. Cat. No. 1S6701, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port 


CANCELLARIA SEMIDISJUNCTA Sowerby. 


No. 59). 

This was described by Sowerby 1 as having been obtained by Cuming 

from sandy mud at a depth of 25 fathoms at Cagayan, Mindanao, 

Philippine Islands. 

The figures given correspond so well with the specimen above listed, 

and the fact that we did not secure this species in the Philippines 

during the Albatross expedition, makes me wonder if the above cita- 

tion of locality may not be erroneous. 

CANCELLARIA DALLI, new species. 


Shell irregularly oval, horn-yellow variegated with rusty spots. 

(Nuclear whorls decollated.) Post-nuclear whorls inflated, strongly 

rounded with broad tabulated summits, marked by numerous, slender, 

' Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 137, 1848.


threadlike, retractive, axial riblets and spiral lirations. The spiral 

lirations are of varying strength. The strongest is at the angle of 

the shoulder and its junction with the axial riblets forms a series of 

sharp tubercles. Two other spirals, one at the periphery and another 

a little posterior to the middle between the angulated shoulder and 

the periphery, are of equal strength, and form weak tubercles at 

their juncture with the riblets. The flat summits of the whorls are 

marked by nine fine lirations, while the space between the angle and 

the strong supramedian liration is marked by one moderately strong 

thread followed by a weak one, which is succeeded by a stronger one 

and three slender threads. The space between the tuberculated 

median and peripheral cords is marked by three moderately strong 

lirations, which in turn are separated by finer raised threads. Pe- 

riphery rendered slightly angulated by the cord. Base of the last 

whorl with a deep, moderately broad umbilicus, the space between 

the umbilical margin and the periphery well rounded, marked by six 

equal and equally spaced lirations which equal the median one of 

the spire in strength. These lirations, like those of the spire, are 

separated by finer ones, two of which usually occur in the space 

between them. Umbilicus marked by strong fines of growth and 

slender, crowded, equally developed, raised spiral threads. Aperture 

angulated pear-shaped; outer lip angular; columella strongly re- 

flected, almost straight, provided with two strong oblique folds. 

The type, Cat. No. 17074, U.S.N.M., has five post-nuclear whorls 

and measures: Length, 18 mm.; diameter, 13.4 mm.; greatest length 

of aperture, 11 mm.; greatest diameter of aperture, 8 mm.; width of 

shoulder immediately behind the aperture, 2 mm. The type comes 

from the Cape of Good Hope. 

Family OLIVIDAE. 

Genus EBURNA Lamarck. 

EBURNA PAPILLARIS Sowerby. 


No. 868). 

Genus ANCILLA Lamarck. 

ANCILLA OBTUSA Swainson. 


No. 866). 

ANCILLA DECIPIENS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 163022, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen from Kowie, ob- 

tained from Sowerby and Fulton. 

ANCILLA REEVEI Smith. 


No. 62).


ANCILLA ALBOZONATA Smith. 


No. 65). 

ANCILLA OBESA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 98017, U.S.N.M., contains four specimens from Kowie, 

and Cat. No. 186703, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 63). 

ANCILLA FASCIATA Reeve. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred. They are: Cat. No. 186704, 

four specimens (Coll. No. 64). Cat. No. 249741, four specimens (Coll. 

No. 1013). Cat. No. 249742, three specimens (Coll. No. 1014). 

Cat. No. 249743, two specimens (Coll. No. 1015). 

ANCILLA MARMORATA Reeve. 


No. 66). 

ANCILLA PURA Sowerby. 


No. 550). 

ANCILLA BULLOIDES Reeve. 


No. 549). 

ANCILLA OSCULATA Sowerby. 


No. 548). 

ANCILLA, species? 

Cat. No. 250441, U.S.N.M., contains an exceedingly young specimen 


Genus SYLVANOCOCHLEA Sowerby. 

SYLVANOCOCHLEA ANCILLA Sowerby. 


No. 867). 

SYLVANOCOCHLEA, species? 

Cat. No. 250440, U.S.N.M., contains a badly worn specimen of this 

genus, from Port Alfred, which is much broader and less elevated 

than the foregoing species; (Coll. No. 1313). 

Family MARGINELLIDAE. 

Genus MARGINELLA Lamarck. 

MARGINELLA PYRUM Gronovius. 

Three lots of this species all from Port Alfred, are in the collection 

of the United States National Museum. Cat. No. 186980, three 

specimens (Coll. No. 512). Cat. No. 186983, two specimens (Coll. 

No. 515); and two specimens, Cat. No. 249666 (Coll. No. 938).


MARGINELLA ROSEA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 140, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 17296, U.S.N.M., two more from the same locality. 

Cat. No. 186984, U.S.N.M., two from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 516). 

MARGINELLA MOSAICA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 124681, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 186709, U.S.N.M., two from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 168). 

MARGINELLA ORNATA Redfield. 


No. 67). 

MARGINELLA, species? 

Cat. No. 250329, U.S.N .M., one poor specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1202). 

MARGINELLA LINEOLATA Sowerby. 


(Coll. No. 513). One, Cat. No. 186982, U.S.N.M., from the same 


MARGINELLA PIPERITA Hinds. 

Cat. No. 124671, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 186710, 17.S.N.M., four from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 69). Cat. No. 272145, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port 

Elizabeth. 

MARGINELLA ALBOCINCTA Sowerby. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred. One, Cat, No. 186712 

Coll. No. 71). Two, Cat. No. 249607 (Coll. No. 939). -Two, Cat. 

No. 250323 (Coll. No. 1196). One, Cat, No. 250328 (Coll. No. 1201). 

Cat. No. 272147, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Port Elizabeth. 

MARGINELLA BAIRSTOWI Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186711, U.S.N .M., four from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 70). 

MARGINELLA PUNCTILINEATA Smith. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Three specimens, Cat. No. 

186713 (Coll. No. 72). Two, Cat. No. 249669 (Coll. No. 941), and 

one, Cat. No. 250327 (Coll. No. 1200). 

MARGINELLA KEENII Marrat. 

Cat. No. 186716, U.S.N.M., two from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 75).


MARGINELLA EUCOSMIA, new species. 


Shell of medium size, marbled, excepting a broad whitish band 

which extends over almost half the space between the shoulder and 

the base. Whorls appressed at the summit, forming a very slightly 

curved spire. Body of the last whorl very slightly convex. Outer 

lip very much thickened at the edge, shouldered at the summit, 

very slightly contracted in the middle, white or faintly spirally 

streaked in front, decidedly so behind; columella provided with a 

strong callus and four folds, the anterior two of which are much 

more oblique than the rest; the first one is the weakest, and forms 

the basal margin of the columella. 


(Coll. No. 518); it has 4| whorls and measures: Length, 12.5 mm.; 

diameter, 6 mm. 

Two additional lots, from Port Alfred, are in the collection of the 

United States National Museum. One, Cat. No. 186987, U.S.N.M., 

four specimens (Coll. No. 519), and Cat. No. 186985, U.S.N .M., three 

specimens (Coll. No. 517). 


Cat. No. 186986a, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen about the size 

of M. eucosmia, but a little stouter, with fine brown spiral lines upon 

a white background. The specimen is too worn to permit of proper 

diagnosis. It comes from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 518). 

MARGINELLA COSMIA, new species. 


Shell of medium size, polished, marked only by fine lines of 

growth. Spire moderately elevated; whorls slightly angulated at the 

periphery. Summits of succeeding turns creeping up on the preced- 

ing whorl, to which they are appressed. Nuclear whorls light 

yellow, succeeding turns flesh color, marked with many irregular, 

wavy, axial bands of brown, which are preceded by a shadow of a 

much lighter tint. Aperture wide; posterior angle very obtuse; 

outer lip very much thickened, clouded with many oval spots of 

ashy gray, the long axis of which is spirally disposed; columella 

smoky white, provided with four almost equally strong oblique 

folds; parietal wall covered by a moderately thick callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 940). The type measures: Length, 11.7 

mm.; diameter, 6.8 mm. Cat. No. 186988, U.S.N.M., contains two 

more from the same locality (Coll. No. 520). 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 4



A young specimen, Cat. No. 250326, U.S.N.M., from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1199), of a more or less uniform pearl gray ground color, 

with an interrupted band of spots on the middle and spotting on the 

spire, which we are unable to arrange with any of the described forms. 

MARGINELLA MUNDA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186726, U.S.N .M., two from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 85). 

MARGINELLA ZONATA Kiener. 

There are three color phases in the material before us, typical 

zonata with the broad belt of brownish orange of which Cat. No. 

186715, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 74) and Cat. No. 227710, eight specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 805). We have also seen 92 specimens of this in Colonel 

Turton's collection (Coll. No. 1600), from the same place. Then, 

a form in which the markings are reversed—namely, a white belt 

with the tip and base brownish orange. Of this, Cat. No. 186715a, 

U.S.N.M., contains three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 74) 

and Cat. No. 227712, eight specimens from the same locality (Coll. 

No. 807). Of this, I have also seen 66 specimens in Colonel Turton's 

collection (Coll. No. 1602). Lastly, a phase in which the brownish 

orange is restricted to a very narrow subsutural band. Of this, Cat. 

No. 186724, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 83), and Cat. No. 227711, U.S.N.M., eight specimens from 

the same source (Coll. No. 806). Ninety-three more were examined 

Colonel Turton's collection from the same place (Coll. No. 1601). 

MARGINELLA BILINEATA Krauss. 


at Simons Bay on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition. 

Cat. No. 186989. U.S.N .M., three from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 521). 

MARGINELLA CAPENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 149, U.S.N.M., five specimens collected by William 

Stimpson at Simons Bay, on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition. 

Cat. No. 17305, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 31661, U.S.N .M., four from the same locality. Cat. No. 

272146, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. 

MARGINELLA PUELLA Gould. 


Marginella puella Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 385, 1860. 

Shell yellowish-white, polished, spire moderately elevated, broadly 

conic. Left outline evenly rounded. Inner lip well rounded, slightly 

concaved at the region of the folds, of which there are four, which


appear equal and equally spaced, the anterior one forming the anterior 

limit of the columella. Outer lip slightly pinched in and drawn forward 

a little posterior to the middle. Aperture increasing steadily in 

width from the posterior angle anteriorly. 

The type, Cat. No. 149, U.S.N.M., collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay, measures: 

Length, 10 mm.; diameter, 4.6 mm. 

MARGINELLA NEGLECTA Sowerby. 



National Museum. Cat. No. 241006, one specimen from Simons Bay, 

Cape of Good Hope. Three additional lots are in the United States 

National Museum, from Port Alfred. One, Cat. No. 250333 (Coll. 

No. 1206). Two specimens, Cat. No. 250332 (Coll. No. 1205), and one 

specimen, Cat. No. 186714a (Coll. No. 73). 

MARGINELLA TURTONI, new species. 


Shell vitreous, translucent, pale yellow with a narrow, pale orange 

brown band forming a girdle about the middle of the shell. Spire 

completely covered by the posterior edge of the outer lip, which 

forms the highest point in all the turns. Left margin of the last 

whorl slightly rounded in the middle, tapering gently toward the 

base, rounding abruptly toward the summit. Right margin straight 

in the middle, curving a little more gently toward the spire than 

the base. Aperture narrow, extending to the middle of the spire; 

outer lip moderately strong, slightly inbent in the middle; parietal 

wall glazed with a thin callus, provided with four, equal and equally 

sloping, oblique folds on the columella, the anterior of which coin- 

cides with the basal margin of the columella. 

The type and three specimens, Cat. No. 186718, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 77) . The 


type measures : Length, 8.5 mm. 

MARGINELLA CLEO, new species. 


Shell elongate-ovate, semitranslucent, vitreous, bluish white. 

Spire short, broadly conic, whorls not separated by distinct sutures. 

Left margin of the shell gently rounded; aperture narrow; outer lip 

inbent in the middle ; parietal wall covered by a thin callus ; columella 

provided with four oblique folds, of which the anterior, which bounds 

the basal edge, is the strongest. 

;


The type, Cat. No. 127a, U.S.N.M., has four whorls and measures: 

Length, 6.8 mm., diameter, 3.5 mm. It was collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition in Simons Bay. 

This may be the shell that has been listed as MargineUa bulbosa 

Reeve, from South Africa. M. bulbosa Reeve is an inflated form 

with less elevated spire and comes from Borneo. Cat. No. 17307, 

U.S.N .M., comes from Cape of Good Hope. Three additional lots, 

all from Port Alfred, are in the collection of the United States National 

Museum. Two, Cat. No. 249670 (Coll. No. 942). One, Cat. No. 

250331 (Coll. No. 1204), and one, Cat. No. 250324 (Coll. No. 1197). 

MARGINELLA CYLINDRICA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186721, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll! 

No. 80). Cat. No. 250325, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same 


MARGINELLA FALLAX Smith. 


(Coll. No. 82). 

MARGINELLA LEPTA, new species. 


Shell elongate-oval, semitransparent, white. Spire short, broadly 

conic. Suture well impressed. Surface polished, marked only by 

exceedingly fine lines of growth. Aperture gradually increasing in 

width from the posterior angle anteriorly; outer lip thin, not denticu- 

lated. Columella curved, with a moderately thick callus which is 

provided with six oblique folds, the second of which is the strongest, 

the first follows in succession of strength and borders the anterior 

edge of the columella; the four remaining decrease in size and spacing 

from the third to sixth. 

Two specimens of this species, Cat. No. 249673, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred. (Coll. No. 945.) One of these, the type, measures 


MARGINELLA DTJLCIS Smith. 


No. 84). 

MARGINELLA BURNUPI Sowerby. 


(Coll. No. 78). Cat. No. 249671, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen 


MARGINELLA DIFFERENS Smith. 


No. 79). 

:



Cat. No. 250321, U.S.N.M., contains a young white individual, of 

moderate size, broad outline, and quadruplicate columella, which we 

are unable to refer to any of the known species. Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 1194). 

MARGINELLA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 1, fig. 2; plate 10, fig. 4. 

Shell elongate-ovate, bluish white, semitranslucent. The whorls are 

so arranged as to overlap partly at the summit, which gives the summit 

a broadly, evenly rounded aspect. The left margin of the shell 

is well rounded. The outer lip is flattened in the middle, curving 

gently toward the summit above this, and a little more abruptly 

basally. Aperture narrow, lunate, a little wider basally than anteriorly; 

outer lip thickened at the edge; inner lip appressed to the body 

whorl, with a thin callus, the basal portion of which terminates in 

a slender fasciole. The inner lip is armed with eight subequally 

spaced folds which diminish in size from the first, which equals the 

basal fasciole in strength, to the last. 

The type and three specimens of this species, Cat. No. 186727, 


and one-half whorls and measures : Length, 2.5 mm. ; diameter, 1.7 mm. 

Eight additional lots of this species, all from Port Alfred, are in the 

collection of the United States National Museum. Cat. No. 186990, 

six specimens (Coll. No. 522) ; Cat. No. 250338, three specimens (Coll. 

No. 1211); Cat. No. 250340, one specimen (Coll. No. 1213); Cat. No. 

250341, 11 specimens (Coll. No. 1214); Cat. No. 250339, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1212); Cat. No. 250337, one specimen (Coll. No. 1210); 

Cat. No. 250344, one specimen (Coll. No. 1217); Cat, No. 250342, 12 


MARGINELLA ALGOENSIS Smith. 

Five lots of this species are in the collection of the United States 

National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat, No. 186722, four specimens 

(Coll. No. 81). Cat. No. 249665, three specimens (Coll. No. 

937); Cat, No. 249664, six specimens (Coll. No. 936); Cat, No. 250335, 

two specimens (Coll. No. 1208); Cat. No. 250336, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1209). 

MARGINELLA ALMO, new species. 


Shell ovate, semitranslucent, milk white. Spire short, broadly, 

roundedly conic Suture slightly impressed. Surface marked with 

exceedingly fine lines of growth only. Aperture very long, widening 

somewhat anteriorly; outer lip thickened at the edge and very finely 

denticulated on the inner margin, the denticulations extending


inward as fine lirations; columella reenforced with a strong callus, 

which is provided with oblique folds; of these, the first, which is a 

little weaker than the next, marks the anterior border; the second 

is stronger than all the rest; the nine succeeding folds are progressively 

weaker and become closer spaced from the second fold posteriorly. 

Two specimens of this species, Cat. No. 249672, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 944). One of these, the type, measures: 


MARGINELLA ZEYHERI Krauss. 


National Museum; three of these came from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 

186717, six specimens (Coll. No. 76); Cat. No. 186714, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 73); Cat. No. 250334, three specimens (Coll. No. 1207); 

Cat. No. 102727, one specimen from the Cape of Good Hope. 


Cat. No. 250343, U.S.N.M., contains two young specimens of Margi- 

nella, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1216). They are too young to be 

positively determined. 

Cat. No. 250330, U.S.N.M., contains one young specimen of Marginella, 

too young to be properly placed, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

1203). 

Cat. No. 250480, U.S.N.M., contains a young Marginella from 

Port Alfred, also too young to be properly placed (Coll. No. 1353). 

Family VOLUTIDAE. 

Genus VOLUTA Linnaeus 

VOLUTA AFRICANA Reeve. 

Cat. No. 186728, U.S.N.M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 87). 

VOLUTA (CALLIPARA) BULLATA Swainson. 

Cat. No. 249663, U.S.N.M., contains a badly worn specimen of this 

species from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 935). 

Family TURBINELLIDAE. 

Genus XANCUS Bolten. 

XANCUS GLOBULUS Chemnitz. 

Cat. No. 124677, U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. 

XANCUS TRUNCATUS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186979, U.S.N.M., a young specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 511).


Family MITRIDAE. 

Genus MITRA Martyn. 

MITRA BATHYRAPHE Sowerby. 

Two, Cat. No. 186736, U.S.N.M., from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 95). 

MITRA CANALICULATA Sowerby. " 

Cat. No. 186734, U.S.N.M., three, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 93). 

Cat. No. 272158, U.S.N.M., two from Kowie, South Africa. 

MITRA CAPENSIS Dunker. 

Cat. No. 186733, U.S.N.M., five, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 92). 


MITRA HELENA, new species. 

Shell small, wax-yellow, with two bands of white, the first of which 

occupies a little more than the anterior half between the sutures, 

while the second one, which is about half as wide, occupies the mid- 

dle of the base. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls 

shouldered at the summit, marked by very strong, slightly retractive, 

axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first of the remaining turns, 20 

on the second, and 16 upon the rest. In addition to the axial ribs, 

the whorls are crossed by strong spiral cords, of which five occur 

between the sutures of the first three and seven upon the fourth and 

last. The spaces inclosed between the axial ribs and spiral cords are 

deep pits on the posterior half and deep slits on the anterior half 

between the sutures. Base rendered decidedly sigmoid on the left 

side by the twisting of the anterior portion; marked by the continuations 

of the axial ribs which extend to the tip of the columella, and 

10 spiral cords, of which the 6 posterior to the columella are like 

those on the spire, while the first 2 on the columella are broader and 

stronger and more rounded, the last two on the anterior end weaker. 

Suture well impressed. Aperture narrow, channeled anteriorly; 

posterior angle acute; outer lip marked by 12, slender, spiral lira- 

tions within; columella provided with four oblique folds, which de- 

crease regularly in size from the posterior to the anterior; they also 

become more oblique in the same order. 


from South Africa. The type has 6 whorls remaining and measures: 

Length, 15 mm.; diameter, 6.6 mm. These specimens came to the 

United States National Museum, labelled " Mitra daedala, Reeve,'' in 

a donation by Mr. John B. Henderson, in a collection purchased from 

Sowerby and Fulton. Mitra daedala of Reeve is a Philippine species, 

which we have from the islands ; it is much larger than the present 

species.


MITRA IMA, new species, 


Shell small, cylindro-conic, pale brown, variegated with whitish 

spots and spots of rust color. Nuclear whorls decollated, the succeed- 

ing turns well rounded, slightly shouldered at the summit, crossed 

by obsolete axial ribs, of which 12 occur upon the first to third and 14 

upon the penultimate whorl. Sutures well marked. Periphery of 

the last whorl well rounded. Base prolonged, well rounded, free of 

all sculpture. Aperture channeled anteriorly; posterior angle acute; 

outer lip moderately thick; columella provided with four oblique 

folds, of which the posterior is the strongest, the others decreasing in 

size consecutively; parietal wall covered with a moderately thick 

callus. The color markings consist of a light brown ground color, 

each whorl of the spire being marked with two interrupted bands of 

white, the first of which is on the middle of the whorl, and the second 

immediately posterior to the suture. The white areas are on the 

middle of the ribs and each white area is bounded on all sides with a 

rust-colored edging in the middle subsutural band. This rust color is 

absent at the posterior margin, while the ground color of the whole 

base is made up of this tint. The base, in addition, is marked with 

four interrupted bands of unequal width and unequal spacing of 

whitish spots. 

The type, Cat. No. 250346, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 1219). It has four postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 

9 mm.; diameter, 4 mm. 

MITRA EUZONATA Sowerby. 


No. 94). 

MITRA KOWIENSIS Sowerby. 


No. 96). 


MITRA LATRUNCULARIA Reeve. 

Cat. No. 98011, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Albany, South Africa. 


MITRA CARIFA, new species. 

Shell rather large, elongate-ovate, brown, excepting two spiral 

cords that form the anterior half of the whorls between the sutures, 

which are yellow. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls 

narrowly, roundly shouldered at the summit, the rest marked by 

four strong, broad, flattened, spiral cords between the sutures, which


in turn are marked by spiral lirations. The axial sculpture consists 

of fine, retractive threads, which are best developed in the grooves 

that separate the spiral cords. Suture slightly channeled . Periphery 

not markedly differentiated. 

Base rather long, marked by 18 low, 

feebly rounded, spiral cords, which become more distantly spaced, 

more elevated, and narrower anteriorly. These cords are crossed by 

microscopic spiral lirations. The axial threads are continued on the 

base. Avarix is apparent a little behind the aperture. Aperture 

bluish white, narrowly ovate, channeled anteriorly, posterior angle 

acute; outer lip reflected, provided with 14 strong denticles; inner 

lip strongly developed, reflected over the base with the edge free; provided 

with five strong, oblique folds and three weaker ones between 

the posterior four. These weaker folds join the posterior strong 

neighbor at their outer edge. The strong folds decrease in strength 

successively from the posterior anteriorly. Parietal wall glazed by a 

thin callus. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 272154, U.S.N.M., came 

to the United States National Museum in a donation from Mr. John 

B. Henderson, in a collection purchased by him from Sowerby and 

Fulton, labelled: " Mitra limbifera Lamarck, from South Africa," 

while the pages of this paper were going through press. I am therefore 

unable to include a figure of it. It differs from limbifera by 

being much more strongly sculptured than that species, also in the 

number of the columellar plaits. The type has eight whorls, and 

measures: Length, 29.4 mm.; diameter, 12.4 mm. 

MITRA MERULA Sowerby. 


No. 91). 

MITRA SIMPLEX Reeve. 

Cat. No. 31901, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 13925, U.S.N.M., another from the same place. Cat. No. 

98012. U.S.N.M., five from Albany, South Africa. 

Cat. No. 272157, U.S.N.M., an additional specimen from South Africa. 

MITRA, species? 

Cat. No. 250345, U.S.N.M., contains two badly worn specimens of 

a medium sized, short, stout, brown species, from Port Alfred, which 

I am unable to refer to any of the known species (Coll. No. 1218). 

MITRA PATULA Reeve. 

Cat. No. 186731, U.S.N.M., eight specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No 90) ' ' 

MITRA PICTA Reeve. 


No. 88). Cat. No. 186975, U.S.N.M., two from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 507). Cat. No. 272153, two from South Africa.


MITRA, species? 

Cat. No. 18252, U.S.N.M., three shells too young to be positively 

determined, from South Africa. 

Genus MITROMORPHA A. Adams. 

MITROMORPHA VOLVA Sowerby. 


No. 51). Cat. No. 272152, U.S.N.M., an additional specimen from 

South Africa. 

Family FASCIOUARIIDAE. 

Genus FASCIOLARIA Lamarck. 

FASCIOLARIA HEYNEMANNI Dunker. 

Cat. No. 186738, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll- 

No. 97). 

FASCIOLARIA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 4, fig. 3, 3a, 36. 

Shell of medium size, fusiform, externally light brown, inter- 

nally bluish-white. Nuclear whorls decollated. Post-nuclear whorls 

marked by a strongly tuberculated median ridge between the sutures. 

Tubercles, 11 on each whorl, narrow and elongated, having their 

long axis parallel with the spiral sculpture. The space between the 

tuberculated ridge and the summit is concave and is marked by 

many slender raised threads, while that between the insertion of the 

columella and the tuberculated ridge is marked by about 10 

depressed, unequally broad, spiral bands, which, like the spaces 

between them, are very finely, spirally lirate; rostrum spirally lirate. 

The axial sculpture consists of rather coarse incremental lines. 

Aperture spoon-shaped; posterior angle acute; columella triplicate; 

anterior fold very strong and acute; spiral cord on the parietal wall 

slender. 


(Coll. No. 562). It has lost the early whorls, the 5J remaining measure: 

Length, 133 mm.; diameter, 55 mm. 

FASCIOLARIA, species? 

Two specimens from Port Alfred, too poor to be specifically determined, 

and listed as Cat. No. 187027, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 563), 

and Cat. No. 250438, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 1311). 

Genus LATIRUS Montfort. 

LATIRUS ROUSI Sowerby. 


No. 98).


LATIRUS BAIRSTOWI Sowerby. 


No. 99). 

Family FUSIDAE. 

Genus FUSINUS Rafinesque. 

FUSINUS OCELLIFERUS Bom. 

Cat. No. 98014, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Albany; Cat. No. 

186741, U.S.N.M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 100). 

FUSINUS CINGULATUS Smith. 


No. 101). 

FUSINUS RUBROLINEATUS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 163018 U.S.N.M., one specimen from 90 fathoms, off Cape 

St. Blaize. 

Family BUCCINIDAE. 

Genus COMINELLA Gray. 

COMINELLA TIGRINA Kiener. 

Cat. No. 16990, U.S.N.M., two specimens collected by Archer at 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186745, U.S.N.M., three from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 104). Cat. No. 272134, U.S.N.M., three from the 


COMINELLA BISERIALIS Kuster. 

Cat, No. 36726, U.S.N.M., six from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

43053, U.S.N.M., two from the same locality. 

COMINELLA PORCATA Gmelin. 

Cat. No. 90, U.S.N.M., one collected by William Stimpson on the 

North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. Cat, No. 179, 

U.S.N.M., one from the same source. Cat. No. 36729, U.S.N.M., 

one from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 87127, U.S.N.M., two from 

Cape of Good Hope collected by W. Legrande. Cat, No. 186746, 

U.S.N.M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 105). 

COMINELLA PORCATA MULTILIRATA, new subspecies. 


Shell a little more robust than typical porcata in outline, marked 

by numerous closely spaced spiral threads. Inside of outer Up 

evenly, closely, finely lirate. 

The type, Cat, No. 16986, U.S.N.M., comes from Cape of Good 

Hope and measures: Length, 47.5 mm.; diameter, 28.3 mm.


COMINELLA ANGLICANA Martyn. 

Cat. No. 90&, U.S.N.M., one collected by William Stimpson on the 

North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. Cat. No. 

36727, U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. 

COMINELLA PAPYRACEA Bruguiere. 

Cat. No. 16989, U.S.N.M., seven collected by Hugh Cuming at 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 130898, U.S.N.M., one from South 

Africa without specific locality. Cat. No. 250451, U.S.N.M., two 

young specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1324). 

COMINELLA LIMBOSA Reeve. 

Cat. No. 90a, U.S.N.M., two collected by William Stimpson on the 

North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. Cat. No. 92, 

U.S.N.M., four collected by Archer at Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

98000a, U.S.N.M., four from the Albany coast, Cat. No. 125326, U.S. 

N.M., one collected on the Eclipse Expedition, 1889-90, at Cape 

Town. Cat. No. 272136, U.S.N.M., two from the Cape of Good 

Hope. 

COMINELLA LAGENARIA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 90, U.S.N.M., two collected by William Stimpson on the 


16990a, U.S.N.M., two collected by Captain Archer at Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 36728, U.S.N.M., six from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 43063, U.S.N.M., eight young shells from Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 75929, U.S.N.M.,' one from Algoa Bay. Cat. No. 

98000, U.S.N.M., one from the Albany coast. Cat. No. 186744, 


COMINELLA DELALANDI Kiener. 

Cat, No. 92a, U.S.N.M., one collected by Captain Archer at Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 89125, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 89126, U.S.N.M., two from the same place. 

Cat. 98025, U.S.N.M., six from the Albany coast, 

COMINELLA ELONGATA Dunker. 

Cat, No. 186747, U.S.N.M., 10 from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 106). 

Cat. No. 272138, U.S.N .M., one from Algoa Bay. 

COMINELLA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Place 3, fig. 7. 

Shell fusiform, flesh-colored, variously mottled and dashed with 

brown. Nuclear whorls decollated. Post-nuclear whorls having 

a sloping shoulder which extends over the posterior three-fifths of 

the whorls between the sutures, marked by weak axial ribs, which 

are best developed at the anterior edge of the shoulder and extend 

but feebly across it; anteriorly the ribs become much enfeebled,


13 ribs occur upon the last and 14 upon the preceding turn. 

The spiral sculpture consists of 10 irregularly developed, low, broad 

cords, of which the three on the shoulder are almost obsolete and 

scarcely discernible; while the four upon the base are fairly strong. 

In addition to these cords the entire surface is marked by fine more 

or less regularly developed, punctate, spiral striations. Posterior 

angle of aperture acute, outer lip provided with nine slender denticles 

a little within its inner margin ; columella glazed with a moderately 

strong callus; parietal lamellae only slightly developed. 

The type and two specimens, Cat. No. 187019, U.S.N.M., were 

collected at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 554). The type has lost the 

early whorls; the last four remaining measure: Length, 29.2 mm.; 


COMINELLA CAPENSIS Dunker. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. 

COMINELLA UNIFASCIATA Sowerby. 


No. 107). 

COMINELLA PUNCTURATA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 19375, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 43074, U.S.N.M., two more from the same locality. 

Cat. No. 186749, U.S.N.M., five from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 108). 

Cat. No. 127769, U.S.N. M., six specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 864). Cat. No. 227770, U.S.N.M., six specimens from the 

same source (Coll. No. 865). 

COMINELLA ANGUSTA Sowerby. 


COMINELLA, species? 

Cat. No. 16992, U.S.N.M., four specimens too poor to be specifically 

determined from the Cape of Good Hope. 

COMINELLA, species ? 

Cat. No. 18807, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Elizabeth 

which are too poor to be specifically determined. 

COMINELLA, species? 

Cat. No. 187021, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred, too 

poor to permit of specific determination. Cat. No. 249745, U.S.N.M., 

contains three specimens from the same source (Coll. No. 1017). 

GenusTRITONIDEA Swainson. 

TRITONIDEA INSCULPTA Sowerby. 


(Coll. No. 111).


Genus EUTHRIA Gray. 

EUTHRIA PONSONBYI Sowerby. 


No. 552). 

EUTHRIA FUSCOTINCTA Sowerby. 


No. 112). 

EUTHRIA TURTONI, new species. 


Shell fusiform, varying in ground color from lavender to orange or 

even light brown. The shoulder usually is dark brown, while the rest 

is lightly dotted with the same color. Extreme apex of nucleus decol- 

lated; the first turn remaining is depressed and smooth. Postnuclear 

whorls appressed at the summit, strongly, slopingly shouldered. The 

shoulder, occupying the posterior half of the space between the sutures, 

is marked by about fifteen unequally developed and unequally spaced, 

punctate, spiral striations. Anterior half of whorls between the 

sutures ornamented with feebly expressed, low, broad riblets, which 

terminate at the anterior edge of the shoulder, where they appear as 

slight tubercles. Of these, 17 occur upon the last turn. Rostrum 

and posterior half of base finely, evenly, spirally Urate, the lirations 

being developed at the insertion of the columella. Posterior angle of 

aperture acute; columella sigmoid. 

The type, Cat. No. 187020, U.S.N.M., came from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 555) . It has six whorls, and measures : Length, 25 mm. ; diameter, 

11.5 mm. Cat. No. 186750, U.S.N.M., contains three additional 

specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 109). 

Family COLUBRARIIDAE. 

Genus COLUBRARIA Schumacher. 

COLUBRARIA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, white, banded and lined with rust brown. A 

series of short protractive streaks extend from the summit down on 

the posterior fourth of the whorls. The streaks are about one-half as 

wide as the spaces separating them. A spiral line of interrupted 

dashes extends about the whorls a little posterior to the sutures, while 

a broad dull rusty belt covers the anterior half between the sutures 

and another, equally wide, the middle of the base. In addition to these 

decided markings there are others less strongly denned, all of varying 

shades of rust brown. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear 

whorls moderately rounded, appressed at the summit and slightly 

constricted at the sutures, marked by low, poorly defined, and irregu-


larly placed varices and many, very regular, and regularly, closely 

spaced, slender, raised, axial threads which are about as wide as the 

spaces that separate them. Spirally the whorls are marked by about 

16 slender threads, between the sutures, which are a little less 

strong than the axial markings and also less regular. The spaces 

inclosed between the axial and spiral threads appear as narrow oblong 

pits whose long diameter coincides with the spiral sculpture. Sutures 

well impressed. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base pro- 

longed, marked like the spire but not as strongly. Aperture strongly 

channeled anteriorly, posterior angle narrow, obtuse; outer lip thickened 

by a varix, columella sinuous, covered by a strong, decidedly 

reflected callus which extends up on the parietal wall. 

The type and one other specimen, Cat. No. 187017, U.S.N.M., came 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 551). The type has the last six whorls 

which measure : Length, 33.5 mm.; diameter, 11.5 mm. 

Family ALECTRIONIDAE. 

Genus ALECTRION Montfort. 

ALECTRION CAPENSIS Dunker. 

The United States National Museum has ten lots of this species, 

Cat. No. 18164, five specimens from Cape of Good Hope, Cat. No. 

21756, one collected by Dunker at Algoa Bay. Cat. No. 43022, nine 

specimens from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 77793, nine from the 

same locality collected by Layard. Cat. No. 90609, two from Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 91459, six from the same place. Cat. No. 

98013, twelve from Albany. Cat. No. 186755, three from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 116). Cat. No. 186759, one from the same place 

(Coll. No. 120). Cat. No. 187196, one from the same locality (Coll. 

No. 65). Cat. No. 272121 U.S.N.M.,two specimens from South Africa. 

ALECTRION CRAWFORDI Sowerby. 


ALECTRION KOCHTANA Dunker. 

Cat. No. 21757, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by Dunker in 

Algoa Bay. Cat. No. 227764, US.N.M., five specimens from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 859), and Cat. No. 227765, U.S.N.M., two specimens 

from the same locality (Coll. No. 860), and Cat. No. 250453, U.S.N.M., 

two from the same place (Coll. No. 1326). 

ALECTRION QUANTULA Gould. 

Gould's type, Cat. No. 224, U.S.N.M., collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay, 

agrees in every way with Nassa poecilosticta Smith. The latter will 

therefore have to be considered a synonym of Nassa quantula Gould, 

the present species. Cat. No. 186756, U.S.N.M., contains four specimens 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 117).


ALECTRION CEROTINA A. Adams. 


(Coll. No. 569). Cat. No. 250452, U.S.N.M., six from the same 

place (Coll. No. 1325). Cat. No. 272149, U.S.N.M., one specimen from 

the Cape of Good Hope. 

ALECTRION PLICOSA Dunker. 

Cat, No. 223, U.S.N.M., eight specimens collected by William 



Cat. No. 249739, U.S.N.M., one from the same place (Coll. No. 1011), 

and one, Cat. No. 249740, U.S.N.M., from the same locality (Coll. 

No. 1012). 

ALECTRION, species? 

Cat. No. 102723, U.S.N.M., a specimen too poor to be specifically 

determined, from Cape of Good Hope. 

aLECTRION PYRAMIDALIS A. Adams. 



ALECTRION, species? 

Cat. No. 2016, U.S.N.M., a young individual collected by William 


ALECTRION KRAUSSIANA Dunker. 

Cat. No. 18166, U.S.N.M., two from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

43021, U.S.N.M., one specimen labelled Africa. Cat. No. 64381, 

U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 97996, U.S.N.M., 

four from Albany. Cat. No. 186760, U.S.N.M., three from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 121). Cat. No. 272142, U.S.N.M., five specimens 

from Port Elizabeth. Cat. No. 272120, U.S.N.M., one specimen 

from South Africa. 

Genus DESMOULEA Gray. 

DESMOULEA RETUSA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 21755, U.S.N.M., one from Algoa Bay. Cat. No. 97990, 

U.S.N.M., two from Albany. Cat. No. 75567, U.S.N.M., three from 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat, No. 186762, U.S.N.M., four from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 123), and one, Cat. No. 18173, U.S.N.M., from 

Port Natal. 

DESMOULEA ABBREVIATA Gmelin. 

Cat, No. 186761, U.S.N.M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 122).


Genus BULLIA Gray. 

BULLIA ANNULATA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 101, U.S.N.M., four specimens collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 98026, U.S.N.M., three from Albany. Cat. 

No. 186767, U.S.N.M., four from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 128). 

BULLIA TRIFASCIATA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186764, U.S.N.M., three from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 125). 

BULLIA AEPYNOTA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, light yellow. Nuclear whorls decollated. 

Postnuclear whorls strongly, tabulatedly shouldered at the summit 

after the second turn. First two turns feebly rounded, the remain- 

der slightly concave in the middle between the sutures. Surface 

marked by feeble, retractive lines of growth and well incised spiral 

lines, which appear to be confined to the anterior two-thirds of the 

whorls between the sutures. Sutures strongly marked by the flat- 

tened shoulder at the summit. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base moderately long, rounded, marked by a few incised 

spiral lines. Aperture with the posterior angle obtuse, channeled 

anteriorly; outer lip thin; columella glazed with a thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 1316). It has seven postnuclear whorls and measures: 


BULLIA LARA, new species. 


Shell large, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear 

whorls well rounded, with a rounded shoulder at the summit, marked 

between the sutures by equal and equally spaced, incised, spiral lines, 

which are strongest at the anterior two-thirds. Sutures constricted, 

Aperture large, channeled anteriorly. Posterior angle obtuse; outer 

lip thin; columella stout and curved; parietal wall glazed with a 

thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 1009). It has eight postnuclear whorls and measures: 

Length, 38 mm.; diameter, 19 mm. Cat. No. 250443a another specimen 

from the same place (Cat. No. 1316


BULLIA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, cream }êllow marked with a rust brown 

band which extends over a little more than the anterior half between 

the sutures. This band is not of uniform purity but consists of a 

series of dark and lighter elements which give the whorls the false 

appearance of having brown ribs. '(Nuclear whorls worn.) Post- 

nuclear whorls rounded, narrowly, tabulatedly shouldered at the 

summit, marked by 10 incised spiral striations of which the posterior 

six are about equally strong and occupy the posterior third of the 

whorls between the sutures. These are much finer and closer spaced 

than the other four which divide the remaining space between the 

sutures into subequal sections. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Sutures strongly constricted. Base slightly produced, 

marked like the anterior two-thirds between the sutures, the incised 

lines being a little closer on the extreme base than they were on the 

periphery. Aperture suboval, channeled anteriorly; posterior angle 

decidedly obtuse; outer lip thin; columella curved, provided with a 

strong callus which also extends over the parietal wall. 


(Coll. No. 545). It has eight whorls, and measures: Length, 27 mm.; 


Three additional lots from Port Alfred are in the collection of the 

United States National Museum, as follows: Cat. No. 187012, one 

specimen (Coll. No. 546); Cat. No. 250445, one specimen (Coll. No. 

1318); Cat. No. 249736, one specimen (Coll. No. 1008). 

BULLIA ALMO, new species. 


Shell broadly elongate-conic. Nuclear whorls a little more than 

one, white, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls light orange, 

marked with a strong sloping shoulder which extends over the 

posterior two-fifths of the whorls between the sutures, the anterior 

limit of the shoulder forming a decided angle. Surface of the shell 

marked by numerous, slightly retractive axial lines of growth and 

fine, incised, spiral lines; the latter are chiefly confined to the sloping 

shoulder, only two or three extend anterior to this. The incised 

fines on the shoulders increase in number from the early whorls to the 

last. They are of irregular size and spacing. About a dozen strong 

ones, and about half as many less strong, occur upon the shoulder of 

the last turn. Aperture large, channeled anteriorly. Posterior 

angle acute; outer lip thin; columella sigmoid; parietal wall glazed 

with a thin callus. 

The type, Cat. No. 250446, U.S.N .M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1319). It has 8£ postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 22 mm.; diameter, 9 mm. .

Cat. No. 97999, U.S.N.M. , three 

SOUTH AFKICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 55 

BULLIA CALLOSA Wood. 

specimens from Albany. Cat. No. 


BULLIA, species? 

Cat. No. 250447, U.S.N.M., contains the tip of an exceedingly 

broadly conic individual, from Port Alfred, which we are unable to 

identify with any of the known forms (Coll. No. 1320). 

BULLIA NATALENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 118184, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by McGuire 

in South Africa. 

BULLIA PURA Melvill. 

Cat No. 186771, U.S.N.M., six from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 132). 

Cat. No. 187010, U.S.N.M., six from the same locality (Coll. No. 

544). Cat. No. 187013, U.S.N.M., one from the same place (Coll. 

No. 547). 

BULLIA DILUTA Krauss. 


No. 131). Cat. No. 272133, U.S.N.M., four from Port Elizabeth. 



Alfred, of white color, the early whorls of which are exceedingly 

solute. It is different from any of the described forms I know, but 

is too young to serve for a type of a new species. (Coll. No. 1321.) 

BULLIA DIGITALIS Meuschen. 

Cat. No. 178, U.S.N.M., two collected by William Stimpson on the 


43063, U.S.N.M., two from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 98028, 

U.S.N.M., four from Albany. Cat. No. 186769, U.S.N.M., four from 


BULLIA SEMIFLAMMEA Reeve. 

Cat. No. 16825, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Cape of Good Hope. 

BULLIA RHODOSTOMA Gray. 

Cat. No. 21798, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by Dunker at 

Aigoa Bay. Cat. No. 98027, U.S.N.M., 15 specimens from Albany. 


BULLIA POLITA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 131459, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Bird Island, Algoa 

Bay. 


Cat. No. 250444, U.S.N.M., contains a species of Bullia from Port 

Alfred, belonging to the group of B. rhodostoma Sowerby. It is


smaller than that species and has a channeled suture. The specimen 

before me received an injury during its youth and I am not sure but 

that the dwarfing and the channeling of the suture may be due to 

that cause. I therefore refrain from bestowing a name upon it. 

(Coll. No. 1317.) 

BULLIA LAEVISSIMA Gmelin. 

Cat. No. 172, U.S.N.M., three collected by William Stimpson on 

the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. Cat. No. 

16821, U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 16822, 

U.S.N.M., one from same locality. Cat. No. 186765, U.S.N.M., one 


Family COLUMBELLIDAE. 

Genus COLUMBELLA Lamarck. 

COLUMBELLA (SEMINELLA) LIGHTFOOTI Smith. 

Cat. No. 186694, U.S.N.M., seven specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 53). Cat. No. 227751, U.S.N.M., eight specimens from 

the same locality (Coll. No. 846). Cat. No. 227752, U.S.N.M., four 

specimens from the same source (Coll. No. 847). 

COLUMBELLA (SEMINELLA) CAPENSIS Smith. 

Six lots of this species, all from Port Alfred, are in the collection of 

the United States National Museum. Cat. No. 187031, 24 specimens 

(Coll. No. 567). Cat. No. 227747, six specimens (Coll. No. 842). 

Cat. No. 227748, four specimens (Coll. No. 843). Cat. No. 227749, 

four specimens (Coll. No. 844). Cat. No. 227750, four specimens 

(Coll. No. 845). Cat. No. 250475, one specimen (Coll. No. 1348). 

COLUMBELLA (SEMINELLA) ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-ovate; flesh colored, with fairly equally dis- 

tributed, decidedly, retractively slanting, brownish streaks on the 

middle of the whorls between the sutures and a few interrupted spiral 

lines of brown on the base. Nuclear whorls two, smooth. Post- 

nuclear whorls strongly shouldered at the summit, marked by very 

strong, rounded, decidedly protractive axial ribs, which are about 

as wide as the spaces that separate them. These ribs extend prominently 

from the summit to the suture. On the last whorl they 

become evanescent on the base. Spiral sculpture apparently absent. 

Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Columella marked by two 

feebly developed spiral cords at its insertion. Aperture moderately 

large, channeled at the posterior angle and decidedly so anteriorly; 

middle of the outer lip drawn forward into a claw-like element; 

parietal wall and the inner edge of the columella glazed with a mod- 

erately thick callus.



(Coll. No. 1016). It has five postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 6.1 mm.; diameter, 3 mm. 

COLUMBELLA (SEMINELLA), species? 

Cat. No. 250474, U.S.N.M., contains a young specimen of an ap- 

parently undescribed Seminella from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1347). 

COLUMBELLA (ANACHIS) BECKERI Sowerby. 


No. 565). 

COLUMBELLA (ANACHIS) ALGOENSIS Sowerby. 


No. 55). 

COLUMBELLA (ANACHIS) KRAUSSI Sowerby. 

Columbella kraussi Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc, p. 53, 1844 = Columbella (Anachis) 

fulminea Gould, Proc. Boat. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 334, 1860. 

Cat. No. 130, U.S.N.M., three specimens Gould's cotypes collected 

by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at 

the Cape of Good Hope; and Cat. No. 186698, U.S.N.M., six specimens 


COLUMBELLA (ANACHIS) IO, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, light brown, variegated with flesh color. 

Nuclear whorls smooth, well rounded. Postnuclear whorls well 

rounded, feebly shouldered at the summit, the first three marked by 

a few ill-defined, broad, decidedly retractive axial ribs, the rest 

smooth, excepting fines of growth and irregularly disposed, fine 

spiral striations. Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery of the 

last whorl well rounded. Base rather long, marked by lines of growth 

and a few spiral striations. The columella bears seven lirations 

which become successively weaker from the insertion to the pit. 

Aperture moderately large. Posterior angle acute; outer lip thin. 

# 


No. 1342). It has five postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 


COLUMBELLA (ANACHIS), species? 

Cat. No. 250471, U.S.N.M., contains a young shell from Port 

Alfred, which we are unable to connect with any of the described 

species (Coll. No. 1344). 

COLUMBELLA (ANACHIS), species? 

Cat. No. 249746, U.S.N.M., contains a young shell from Port 

Alfred, which we are unable to connect with any of the described 

species (Coll. No. 1018).


COLUMBELLA (ALIA) PYRAMIDALIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186695, U.S.N .M., three specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 54). 

COLUMBELLA (ALIA) ADJACENS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186699, U.S.N .M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 58). 

COLUMBELLA (ALIA) ALBUGINOSA Reeve. 

Three lots of this species are in the United States National Museum 

from the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 18222, one specimen. Cat. 

No. 31920, two specimens, and one Cat. No. 102722. In addition to 

these, we have seen six lots from Port Alfred, four of which are in 

the United States National Museum and two have been returned to 

Colonel Turton. Cat. No. 186697, five specimens (Coll. No. 56). 

Cat. No. 227754, six specimens (Coll. No. 849). Cat. No. 227755, 

four specimens (Coll. No. 850). Those returned have (Coll. No. 1 605) 

59 specimens and (Coll. No. 1606) 17 specimens. 

COLUMBELLA (ALIA) APICATA Smith. 



COLUMBELLA (ALIA), species? 

Cat. No. 250478, U.S.N.M., contains a worn specimen of a very 

minute Alia from Port Alfred, which I am unable to identify (Coll. 

No. 1351). 

COLUMBELLA (ALIA), species? 

Cat. No. 250473, U.S.N.M., contains the early whorls of a beautiful, 

slender species belonging to this subgenus, from Port Alfred, which 

•I am unable to connect with any of the described species (Coll. No. 

1346). 

Genus ALCIRA H. Adams. 

ALCIRA ELEGANS H. Adams. 

Cat. No. 31920a, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 186693, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 52). Cat. No. 272139, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Port 

Elizabeth, and Cat. No. 272140, U.S.N.M., two from South Africa. 

ALCIRA, species? 

Cat. No. 250466, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen of Alcira from 

Port Alfred, which is shorter and broader than A. elegans, but it is 

too badly worn to serve for description of a new species (Coll. No. 

1339). 

ALCIRA, species? 

Cat. No. 250481, U.S.N.M., contains a very young specimen of a 

small slender species from Port Alfred, which appears to belong to 

this genus (Coll. No. 1354).


Family MURICIDAE. 

Genus MUREX Linnaeus. 

MUREX UNCINARIUS Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 1 6861 , U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

91701, U.S.N.M., three collected by Layard at the same place. Cat. 

No. 98005, U.S.N.M., three from Albany. Cat. No. 186772, U.S.N .M., 

one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 133), and Cat. No. 252155, U.S.N.M., 

one from Africa without specific locality. Cat. No. 272150, U.S.N .M., 

one specimen from Algoa Bay. Cat. No. 272151, U.S.N.M., three 


MUREX ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell small, yellowish white, with a zone of wax yellow, which 

extends over the central half of each whorl, leaving the posterior half 

between the sutures and the basal tip white. (Nuclear whorls decol- 

lated); postnuclear whorls well rounded, ornamented with strong 

lamellar ribs of which ten occur upon all the whorls. These lamellae 

are slender, recurved, and project at their tips considerably above 

the strong shoulder of the whorls. The intercostal spaces are scarcely 

at all depressed, they are about three times as wide as the ribs and are 

marked by slender and equally spaced spiral threads, of which seven 

occur upon the first, eight upon the second, and ten upon the penultimate 

whorl between the sutures. In addition to the above-mentioned 

sculpture, the spire is marked by numerous, very fine axial lines of 

growth; summits tabulatedly shouldered; the shoulder crossed by the 

ribs. Periphery of the last whorl gently rounded. Base quite prolonged, 

marked by the continuations of the axial ribs which extend 

quite prominently to the extreme anterior portion of the base, and 

about fifteen equal and equally spaced, spiral threads, which are 

equal to those of the spire in strength and spacing. Aperture 

strongly channeled anteriorly; outer lip reenforced by a very thick 

varix which is expanded and flattened and is marked by the spiral 

sculpture; inner Up strongly curved, reflected over and appressed 

to the base, parietal wall covered by a thick callus. 

The type, Cat. No. 227763, comes from Port Alfred. It has four 

postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 6 mm.; diameter, 3 mm. 

(Coll. No. 858). 

Genus TROPHON Montfort. 

TROPHON KOWIENSIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 187032, U.S.N .M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 568). 

Cat. No. 227766, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 861).


TROPHON INSIGNIS Sowerby. 


No. 138). 

TROPHON, species? 

Cat. No. 250464, U.S.N.M., contains the very tip of a Trophon, 

from Port Alfred, too young to be identified (Coll. No. 1337). 

TRAPHON, species? 

Cat. No. 250467, U.S.N.M., contains the tip of another species of 

Trophon, from Port Alfred, too young to be identified (Coll. No. 1340). 

Genus TRITONALIA Fleming. 

TRITONALIA CRAWFORDI Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 109601, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Cape of Good Hope. 


Cat. No. 43083, U.S.N.M., nine specimens from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 98041, U.S.N.M., 28 from Albany. Cat. No. 16884, U.S.N.M., 

five from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186773, U.S.N.M., three 


TRITONALIA PURPUROIDES Dunker. 

Cat. No. 272129, U.S.N.M., four specimens from the Cape of Good 

Hope. 

TRITONALIA KIENERI Reeve. 

Cat. No. 98044, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Albany. Cat. No. 

186775, U.S.N.M., three from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 136). 

TRITONALIA BABINGTONI Sowerby. 


No. 135). 

Cat. No. 227767, U.S.N.M., six specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 862), and Cat. No. 227768, U.S.N. M., four specimens from 

the same source (Coll. No. 863). 

Genus SISTRUM Montfort. 

SISTRUM ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Shell elongate-ovate, pale chestnut brown, washed with a greenish 

suffusion, interior pale brown. Nuclear whorls decollated. Post- 

nuclear whorls with a prominent shoulder in the middle between the 

sutures, ornamented with strong coarse ribs, which become dimin- 

ished in size from the shoulders posteriorly and anteriorly. Of these 

ribs 12 occur upon the second and 10 upon the remaining turns. The 

spaces between the ribs are about two-thirds as wide as the ribs. In 

addition to this the entire surface is covered by coarse lines of 

growth. The spiral sculpture consists of six feebly developed slender 

threads between the summit and the shoulder, and three strong cords 

between the shoulder and the suture, the first of these three cords 

being on the posterior portion of the shoulder. A slender spiral


thread appears midway between the spiral cords. Periphery of the 

last whorl well-rounded. Base somewhat produced, marked by seven 

cords equaling those on the anterior portion of the spire in strength. 

The four grooves between the cords anterior to the periphery have 

each a slender spiral thread. Aperture irregularly oval, channeled 

anteriorly and posteriorly; outer lip thin at the edge, where it is rendered 

somewhat sinuous by the external sculpture, thick within and 

armed by a callus, bearing seven denticles, columella stout, slightly 

curved, and partly reflected over the body whorl. 

The type has six whorls and measures: Length, 18.5 mm.; diam- 

eter, 10.1 mm. The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 272130, 

U.S.N.M., were received from Mr. John B. Henderson in a collection 

recently donated to the United States National Museum, which was 

purchased from Sowerby and Fulton, and was labelled " Pentadactyluslividus 

Reeve, South Africa." It is not Reeve's species, which 

comes from the Philippines and which we have in the collection of the 

National Museum from the type locality. True lividus is a much stouter 

species with different detailed sculpture. The specimens reached me 

as this paper was passing through press. I was therefore unable to 

add a figure of it. 

Genus THAIS Bolteri. 

THAIS CAPENSIS Petit. 


THAIS TEXTURATA Smith. 


THAIS CASTANEA Kuster. 


THAIS CATARACTA Chemnitz. 


THAIS SQUAMOSA Lamarck. 


Genu^ LATIAXIS Swainson. 

LATIAXIS ROSACEUS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186783, U.S.N.M., two from Port Alfred (Coll. 144). 

Family CORALLIOPHILIDAE. 

Genus CORALLIOPHILA H. and A. Adams. 

CORALLIOPHILA RUBROCOCCINEA Melvill and Standen. 


No. 145). 

Cat. No. 187028, U.S.N.M., one from the same place (Coll. No. 564).


Genus MELAPIUM H. and A. Adams. 

MELAPIUM BULBOSUM Wood. 


No. 102). 

Cat. No. 250442, U.S.N.M., one from the same locality (Coll. No. 

1315). 

Family SCALIDAE. 

Genus EPITONIUM Bolten. 

EPITONIUM AFRICANUM, new species. 


Shell large, elongate-conic. (Nuclear whorls decollated in all our 

specimens.) Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by narrow, 

lamellose, retractive axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first to 

fifth; 20 upon the sixth and the penultimate turn. These ribs form 

continuous lines on the spire. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base with a single narrow spiral cord, a little anterior to 

the periphery. Sutures very strongly constricted; entire surface of 

spire and base marked by very slender incremental lines and ex- 

ceedingly fine, microscopic, spiral striations. Aperture oval; outer 

lip thin; inner lip thick; strongly curved and decidedly reflected; 

parietal wall covered by moderately thick callus, which renders the 

peristome complete. 

The coloration of the type is as follows: A narrow band of brown 

separated from the summit by a white area, about as wide as the 

band. This band is only present in the intercostal spaces. The 

brown does not extend up on the ribs. A second, much wider band 

borders the basal cord posteriorly. A third, somewhat paler, is 

immediately anterior to the basal cord. In addition to these, a 

series of very obliquely slanting brown lines occur on the middle of 

the white space inclosed between the brown band at the summit and 

the cord immediately below the periphery. These markings appear 

much stronger within the aperture. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 204). The type has lost the nuclear 

whorls and probably the first postnuclear whorl. The seven and a 

half remaining measure : Length, 31 mm.; diameter, 13.3 mm. Cat. 

No. 187035, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 572). One of these is typically colored; the other is pale 

brown with white ribs. Three additional lots from Port Alfred are 

in the collection of the United States National Museum, Cat. No. 

187036, one specimen (Coll. No. 573). Cat. No. 249717, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 989). Cat. No. 249718, three specimens (Coll. 

No. 990).


EPITONIUM TENEBROSUM Sowerby. 

Cat No 186836 U.S.N.M., contains two specimens of this species, 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 203). Cat. No. 249716, U.S.N.M., 

contains two additional specimens from the same locality. (Coll. 

No. 988). 

EPITONIUM DURBANENSE Smith. 


No. 205). 

EPITONIUM LACTEUM Krauss. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, at False Bay, Cape 

of Good Hope, Cat. No. 186839, U.S.N.M., three specimens from 


EPITONIUM AGLAIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, white. (Nuclear whorls decollated.) Post- 

nuclear whorls well rounded; marked by numerous, very retractive 

axial ribs which are about one-half as wide as the spaces that sepa- 

rate them, and an occasional varix. The latter are irregularly distributed 

Of the axial ribs, 28 occur upon the first and second of the 

remaining whorls, 30 upon the third, 36 upon the fourth, 40 upon the 

fifth, and 42 upon the penultimate turn. In addition to the axial 

ribs ' the whorls are marked by numerous spiral striations, which are 

more closely crowded at the summit than on the rest of the whorl. 

About 34 of these lirations occur between the sutures on the penultimate 

turn. Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the last 

whorl marked by a feeble angulation. Base moderately long, well 

rounded, marked by closely crowded, spiral striations. Aperture 

subcircular; outer lip forming a thickened peristome; inner lip strongly 

curved and somewhat reflected; parietal wall covered with a thick 

callus, which renders the peritreme complete. 


(Coll No 574) It has seven postnuclear whorls remaming, and 

measures: Length, 12 mm.; diameter, 6 mm. Cat No -250412, 

U.S.N .M., contains another specimen from Port Allred (Coll. JNo. 

1285). 

EPITONIUM, species? 

Cat No. 250411, U.S.N.M., contains the tip of a broadly conic 

little Epitonium, which has fine axial ribs, and spiral lirations in the 

intercostal spaces. It is different from any Epitomum known from 

South Africa and comes from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1284).


Genus ACRILLA H. Adams. 

ACRILLA THALIA, new species. 

Plate 17, figs. 5, 8. 

Shell elongate-conic, light brown, with a narrow white band on the 

middle of each whorl. Nuclear whorls decollated. Postnuclear 

whorls decidedly rounded, separated by a strongly constricted 

suture, marked by well developed, very regular, almost vertical 

axial ribs, of which 18 occur upon the first of the remaining turns; 

20 upon the second; 22 upon the thud and fourth; 26 upon the fifth; 

28 upon the sixth, and 34 upon the seventh and the penultimate 

turn. These ribs are about one third as wide as the spaces that 

separate them. Intercostal spaces marked by irregularly dis- 

tributed, feebly incised, spiral striations. Periphery of the last 

whorl well rounded; marked by a poorly developed spiral cord. 

Base moderately rounded, marked by the continuations of the axial 

ribs, and feebly incised, spiral striations. Aperture oval; outer lip 

thin, showing the external markings within; inner lip decidedly 

curved and reflected; parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 186840, come from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 207). The type has nine whorls remaining 

and measures : Length, 33 mm. ; diameter, 8 mm. The other specimen 

which has lost the nuclear whorls, having the nine succeeding turns, 

measures: Length, 17 mm.; diameter, 4.3 mm. 

Genus GRAPHIS Jeffreys. 

GRAPHIS AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell very minute, slender, elongate-conic, translucent. Nuclear 

whorls a little more than two, somewhat inflated, ' smooth. Postnuclear 

whorls well rounded, appressed at the summit, marked by 

almost vertical, somewhat sinuous axial riblets, of which 18 occur 

upon the first, 22 upon the second and third, 24 upon the fourth and 

fifth, and 26 upon the penultimate turn. These riblets are about 

one-half as wide as the spaces that separate them. Intercostal 

spaces crossed by slender spiral threads, of which about 15 occur 

between the sutures on the later whorls. Periphery of the last 

whorl well rounded. Base moderately prolonged, well rounded, 

marked posteriorly by the feeble continuations of the axial ribs, 

which vanish before crossing half of the base, and numerous, very 

fine, incised, spiral striations. Aperture broadly oval; posterior angle 

obtuse; outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within; inner 

lip thin and slightly reflected. 


(Coll. No. 975). It has six and a half postnuclear whorls and 

measures: Length, 2.3 mm.; diameter, 0.5 mm. Cat. No. 249708, 

U.S.N .M. (Coll. No. 980), contains one specimen from Port Alfred.


Family JANTHINIDAE. 

Genus JANTHINA Bolten. 

JANTHINA COMMUNIS Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 77279, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen from the Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 97994, U.S.N.M., five specimens from 

Albany. In addition to these, the Museum contains three lots from 

Port Alfred. Cat. No. 249755, three specimens. (Coll. No. 1027.) 

Cat. No. 250503, one specimen (Coll. No. 1376). Cat. No. 250504, 

one specimen (Coll. No. 1377). 

JANTHINA GLOBOSA Swainson. 



JANTHINA TROCHOIDEA Reeve. 


(Coll. No. 201). 

JANTHINA EXIGUA Lamarck. 


No. 202). Cat. No. 272131, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Algoa Bay. 

JANTHINA FRAGILIS Lamarck. 


No. 640). 

Family EULIMIDAE. 

Genus MELANELLA Bowdish. 

MELANELLA DILECTA Smith. 



four specimens (Coll. No. 225); Cat. No. 227730, four specimens 

(Coll. No. 825); Cat. No. 227731, sLx specimens (Coll. fro. 826); Cat. 

No. 249707, one specimen (Coll. No. 979). 

MELANELLA ALGOENSIS Smith. 



MELANELLA SIMPLEX Sowerby. 



MELANELLA CARIFA, new species. 


Shell small, slender, flexed, semitranslucent, polished, bluish 

white. Whorls slightly rounded on the curved and slightly concave 

on the opposite side, appressed at the summit to such an extent that


the suture is scarcely apparent, while the posterior limit of the body 

cavity shining through the substance of the shell assumes the appearance 

of a suture. The whorls are marked at irregular intervals by 

slightly impressed axial lines marking varices. Periphery of the last 

whorl well rounded. Base produced. Aperture oval; posterior 

angle very acute; outer lip thin at the edge, produced into a clawlike 

element midway between the base and the posterior angle; inner lip 

thick, slightly curved, reflected over and adnate to the body whorl; 

parietal wall covered by a thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 1257). It has 10 whorls, and measures: Length, 4.1 mm.; 


A young specimen from the same locality is entered as Cat. No. 

250383, U.S.N.M (Coll. No. 1256). 

MELANELLA ICAFRA, new species. 


Shell very small, stout, decidedly twisted, semitranslucent. Nuclear 

whorls well rounded. Postnuclear turns appressed at the summit, 

well rounded, polished, marked by an occasional varix. The posterior 

limit of the inside of the whorls shining through the substance of the 

shell appears as a false suture. Sutures scarcely visible. Periphery 

of the last whorl slightly angulated, inflated. Base prolonged, in- 

flated, and well rounded. Aperture rather large; posterior angle 

acute; outer lip drawn forward in the middle into a claw-like element; 

inner lip thin, reflected over and adnate to the body whorl; parietal 

wall glazed by a thin callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1253). The type has seven whorls, 

and measures: Length, 2.2 mm.; diameter, 1 mm. 

MELANELLA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, slightly falcate, almost transparent, 

bluish white. The whorls are slightly rounded, appressed at the 

summit, through which the preceding whorl shines, giving the shell 

the aspect of having a double suture. Suture feebly impressed. 

Periphery well rounded. Base attenuated, well rounded; entire 

surface polished and marked by exceedingly fine, incremental lines 

and an occasional, irregularly disposed varix. Aperture ovate; outer 

lip somewhat clavate; inner lip appressed; gently curved; parietal 

wall glazed with a thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 617). It has eight postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 4 mm.; diameter, 1.2 mm.

SOUTH AFEICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 67 

MELANELLA IOTA, new species. 


Shell exceedingly minute, translucent, bluish white, falcate. The 

whorls are almost flattened, appressed at the summit, separated by a 

scarcely perceptible suture, and of glassy texture, marked by an 

occasional inconspicuous varix. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base somewhat attenuated, well rounded. Aperture oval; 

outer lip thin, clavate; inner lip short, strongly curved and ap- 

pressed; parietal wall covered by a thick callus. 

The type .and three specimens, Cat. No. 187080, U.S.NM., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 621). The type has seven whorls, and 


Cat. No. 250378, U.S.N.M., contains two additional specimens from 


MELANELLA DISTINCTA Smith. 



MELANELLA LANGLEYI Sowerby. 


No. 226). 

MELANELLA FARICA, new species. 


Shell small, very irregularly elongate-conic, semitranslucent, bluish 

white. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, creeping up on the preceding 

turns and giving the outline at the summit a somewhat excurved 

aspect, the extreme summit being very feebly shouldered. This, 

taken together with the fact that the posterior limit of the inside 

of the whorls shines through the substance of the shell, gives the 

whorls the appearance of having a spiral cord at the summit. The 

whorls are very high between the sutures, and are smooth and pol- 

ished, bearing varices at intervals of slightly more than one-half a 

turn, thus forming almost two lines of varices on the two sides of the 

shell. Sutures strongly marked. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base attenuated. Aperture oval; posterior angle acute; 

outer lip produced into a claw-like element in its middle; inner lip 

almost straight, oblique, reflected over and adnate to the body 

whorl; parietal wall covered with a thick callus, which renders the 

peritreme complete. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 983). The type has seven whorls, and 


Cat. No. 250379, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen of this 

species from the same locality (Coll. No. 1252).


MELANELLA THALIA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, very slightly falcate, bluish white; 

translucent. The whorls are very gently rounded; appressed at the 

summit, through which the preceding whorl shines, which gives the 

shell the appearance of having a double suture. Suture scarcely 

marked. Periphery of the last whorl slightly inflated. Base moderately 

long, well rounded; entire surface marked by exceedingly 

fine lines of growth, and an occasional inconspicuous varix. Aperture 

oval; posterior angle acute; outer lip clavate; inner lip very oblique, 

slender, strongly curved and decidedly reflected, free; parietal wall 

covered with a moderately thick callus. 

The type and two other specimens, Cat. No. 187078, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 619). The type has eight whorls, 

and measures: Length, 3.2 mm.; diameter, 1.1 mm. 

MELANELLA ASSER, new species. 


Shell very minute, bluish white; transparent; not falcate. Whorls 

almost flattened; appressed at the summit, through which the pre- 

ceding whorl shines, which lends the shell the aspect of having a 

double suture. Suture scarcely perceptible. Periphery of the last 

whorl well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded; entire 

surface of spire and base marked by exceedingly fine, incremental 

lines. No varicial markings are apparent on any of our shells. 

Aperture oval, posterior angle acute; outer lip 'clavate; inner lip 

short, curved, slightly reflected; parietal wall covered by a moder- 

ately thick callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 620). The type has five and one-half 

whorls, and measures: Length, 1.7 mm.; diameter, 0.7 mm. 

Cat. No. 250382, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen from the 

same locality .(Coll. No. 1255). 

MELANELLA, species? 

Cat. No. 250385, U.S.N.M., contains the tip of a large, straight 

species from Port Alfred, differing from any of those I have seen 

from South Africa (Coll. No. 1258). 

MELANELLA ACRIFA, new species. 


Shell large, regularly elongate-conic, thin. Nuclear whorls two, 

well rounded, forming a somewhat bulbous apex. Postnuclear turns 

well rounded, appressed at the summit, the appressed portion ap- 

pearing as a slender thread; entire surface marked by almost -vertical, 

somewhat sinuous, strongly curved fines of growth. Sutures strongly

SOUTH AFEICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 69 

constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base moder- 

ately long, well rounded, marked like the spire. Aperture oval; 

posterior angle acute; outer lip thin, showing the growth lines within; 

inner lip almost vertical, decidedly reflected, free on the anterior 

half; parietal wall glazed with a moderately thick callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 985). The type has six postnuclear 


MELANELLA, species? 

Cat. No. 250386, U.S.N.M., contains the tip of a MelaneUa, consisting 

of five whorls, which are absolutely cylindrical, and differs from 

anything I know of from South Africa, but I refrain from describing 

it until better material is at hand. Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1259). 

MELANELLA CIFARA, new species. 


Shell minute, acicular, seini translucent, flesh-colored, variegated 

with brown. Nuclear whorls two, well rounded, translucent, pale 

brown. Postnuclear turns very slightly rounded, almost trans- 

parent, variegated with translucent pale brown and opaque flesh- 

colored spots, appressed at the summit, polished, apparently without 

varicial markings. Suture scarcely defined. The inner posterior 

termination of the whorls appear as a suture through the substance 

of the shell. Periphery well rounded. Base attenuated, well 

rounded. Aperture elongate-oval; posterior angle acute; outer lip 

drawn forward in the middle to form a claw-like element; inner lip 

almost straight, oblique, reflected over and appressed to the body 

whorl throughout its entire length; parietal wall glazed by a moder- 

ately thick callus. 


(Coll. No. 1254). It has five postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


MELANELLA IRAFCA, new species. 


Shell of medium size, regularly elongate-conic, bluish white, flecked 

with irregularly disposed blotches of pale golden yellow, a narrow 

peripheral zone of the same tint, and with a small spot of the same 

color marking the umbilical region. Nuclear whorls decollated. 

Postnuclear whorls rather high between the sutures, which are very 

poorly expressed, the posterior termination of the inside of the whorls 

appearing as the suture. Outer surface polished, marked only by an 

occasional varicial line. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. 

Base prolonged, well rounded. Aperture elongate-oval; posterior 

angle acute; outer lip drawn forward into a claw-like element in the 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 6


middle; inner lip somewhat sinuous, reflected over and adnate to the 

preceding turn; parietal wall covered with a moderately thick callus, 

which renders the peritreme complete. 


No. 982). It has seven postnuclear whorls (having lost the nuclear 

turns), and measures: Length, 5.5 mm.; diameter, 1.6 mm. 

Genus SUBEULIMA Sowerby. 

SUBEULIMA MAGNIFICA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, vitreous, semitranslucent ; nuclear whorls 

well rounded, scarcely differentiated from the succeeding turns. Post- 

nuclear whorls almost flattened, marked with a strong cord at the 

periphery, the summit of the succeeding turns falling considerably 

anterior to this cord, which gives the whorls a decidedly overhanging 

appearance. In addition to this spiral sculpture the whorls are 

marked by ill-defined, irregularly distributed varices. Sutures 

rendered conspicuous by the peripheral keel. Base of the last whorl 

well rounded, somewhat produced, smooth. Aperture oval; pos- 

terior angle acute, outer lip moderately thick; inner lip strongly 

curved and appressed to the base; parietal wall covered with a thick 

callus, which renders the peritreme complete. 

The type and two specimens, Cat. No. 227729 (Coll. No. 824) are 

from Port Alfred. The type has nine postnuclear whorls, and 


Genus NISO Risso. 

NISO BALTEATA Sowerby. 



NISO ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, broadly umbilicated, flesh colored, except 

irregularly disposed varices of chestnut brown and a broad band of 

the same tint, which occupies the middle of the space between the 

periphery and the carina, bordering the umbilicus. Nuclear whorls 

decollated. Post-nuclear whorls moderately rounded, appressed at 

the summit, marked by fine fines of growth only. Sutures moder- 

ately constricted. Periphery of the last whorl feebly angulated. 

Base short, broadly umbilicated, the outer edge of the umbilicus 

marked by a spiral cord; the space between this and the periphery 

well rounded. Aperture small, oval; outer lip thin; inner lip strongly 

curved, marked by the basal band.

SOUTH AFRICAN" MAEINE MOLLTJSKS. 71 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 991). The type has nine postnuclear 

whorls remaining, the nucleus, and probably the first two of the 

succeeding turns, having been lost. It measures: Length, 11 mm.; 


Another specimen from the same locality is entered' as Cat. No. 

186861, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 231). 

Family PYRAMIDELLIDAE. 

Genus PYRAMIDELLA Lamarck. 

PYRAMIDELLA (ORINELLA) AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, light brown. Nuclear whorls two, small, 

planorboid, having their axis at right angles to that of the succeeding 

turns, in the first of which they are very slightly immersed. Postnuclear 

whorls almost flat, feebly shouldered at the summit, marked 

by very fine incremental hues, and exceedingly fine spiral striatums. 

Suture moderately constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base short, well rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked 

like the spire. Aperture subquadrate; posterior angle acute; outer 

lip thin; inner Up almost vertical, strongly reflected, provided with a 

fold a little anterior to its insertion. 

Cat. No. 186841a, U.S.N.M. contains three specimens from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 208). Two of these are young individuals having 

the nucleus, and one an adult shell, which has lost the nuclear whorls, 

and probably the first four succeeding turns. The adult specimen, 

the type, has seven whorls remaining, and measures: Length, 6.1 

mm.; diameter, 1.8 mm. One of the young specimens has eight 

postnuclear whorls, and measures : Length, 3 . 7 mm. ; diameter, 1 .2 mm. 

PYRAMIDELLA (ORINELLA) ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, milk white. Nuclear whorls very small, one 

and three-fourths, planorboid, having their axis at right angles to 

that of succeeding turns. The left side of the nucleus projects considerably 

beyond the outline of the postnuclear spire. Postnuclear 

whorls almost flat; feebly shouldered at the summit, marked by ex- 

ceedingly fine, retractive, incremental lines, and numerous microscopic 

spiral striations. Suture moderately constricted. Periphery 

of the last whorl well rounded. Base well rounded, decidedly um- 

bilicated, marked like the spire. Aperture subquadrate; posterior 

angle acute; outer lip thin; inner Up very oblique, and decidedly 

reflected, provided with a strong fold near its insertion; parietal wall 

glazed with a thin callus.


Two specimens of this species, Cat. No. 186841&, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 208) . One of these is a young individual, 

which has 10 postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 6 mm.; 

diameter, 2 mm. The other, the type, has lost the nuclear whorls, 

and early postnuclear turns; the eight remaining measure: Length, 9 

mm.; diameter, 3 mm. The present species is closely allied to the 

preceding, but is in every way much larger; it also differs in colora- 

tion, and is more widely umbilicated. 

PYRAMIDELLA (ORLNELLA) IMA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, pale flesh colored, with a broad, pale yellow 

band immediately below the summit which extends over the posterior 

third of the whorls between the sutures, and a very narrow, light brown 

band a little anterior to the periphery. Nuclear whorls decollated. 

Postnuclear whorls feebly shouldered at the summit, flattened in the 

middle, marked by fine, slightly retractive lines of growth, and exceedingly 

fine, closely spaced, spiral striations. Sutures moderately 

constricted. Periphery of the last whorl strongly rounded. Base 

short, very strongly rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked like the 

spire, the lines of growth being a little stronger than on the spire. 

Aperture broadly ovate; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin; 

columella slender, oblique, slightly revolute, provided with an ob- 

lique fold near its insertion; parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 

The type, Cat.' No. 250408, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1281). It has lost the nucleus and the early postnuclear 

whorls; the eight remaining measure: Length, 7.5 mm.; diameter, 

2.5 mm. 

PYRAMIDELLA (ACTAEOPYRAMIS) NORNA, new species. 


Shell moderately large, elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls 

slightly, obliquely immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, 

above which the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Post- 

nuclear whorls strongly shouldered at the summit, marked by equal 

and equally spaced, incised, spiral grooves, which permit the spaces 

between them, which are about three times as wide as the grooves, to 

appear as well-raised spiral cords. Of these grooves, six appear upon 

the first and second, and seven upon the succeeding turns between 

the sutures. In addition to the spiral grooves, the whorls are marked 

by very slender, quite regular and regularly spaced, somewhat re- 

tractive, axial threads, which are best shown in the grooves which they 

divide into a series of punctations, about 80 of which occur upon the 

last turn. The spiral cords between the spiral grooves are slightly


flattened and marked by very fine spiral striatums. Periphery of 

the last whorl well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, 

marked like the spire, the incised spiral grooves becoming a little 

more closely spaced toward the anterior end. Of these grooves, 10 

are present on the base. Aperture ovate; posterior angle obtuse; 

outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within, rendered 

slightly wavy by the sculpture; columella oblique, slightly curved, 

reflected over and appressed to the base; parietal wall covered by a 

thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 1010). It has six postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


PYRAMJDELLA (SYRNOLA) CAPENSIS Sowerby. 

Three specimens of this species are in the collection of the United 

States National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 186841, 

three specimens (Coll. No. 208). Cat. No. 250409, one specimen 


PYRAMIDELLA (SYRNOLA) PYRRHA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic; creamy yellow, with a narrow, golden brown 

band situated about one-fourth of the distance between the summit 

and suture posterior to the suture. (Nuclear whorls decollated.) 

Postnuclear whorls slightly rounded, feebly shouldered at the summit, 

marked with numerous fine, slightly retractive, incremental lines, 

and exceedingly fine, spiral striatums. Periphery of the last whorl 

well rounded. Base slightly produced, well rounded, marked like the 

spire. Aperture subquadrate; posterior angle obtuse, outer lip thin, 

inner lip flexuous, slightly reflected, and provided with a moderately 

strong fold a little anterior to its insertion; parietal wall glazed with 


The type, Cat. No. 186841c, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 208). It has lost the nuclear whorls and early postnuclear 

turns; the seven remaining measure: Length, 5.8 mm.; diameter, 1.9 

mm. Cat. No. 250408a U.S.N.M., contains an additional specimen 


PYRAMIDELLA (SYRNOLA) AGANEA, new name. 


=EuUmella nivea Smith, Journ. Malac., vol. 11, p. 36, pi. 3, fig. 2, 1904. Not 

Obeliscus ( Triptychus) niveus Morch, Mai. Blat., vol. 22, p. 158, 1875. [Both 

are Pyramidellas.] 

This species was originally described as Ealimella nivea. I have 

ground the specimen and find but a single fold on the columella. It 

must therefore be referred to the subgenus Syrnola. The specimen


figured measures: Length, 7.5 mm.; diameter, 2.2 mm. Cat. No. 

186858, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 228). Two specimens of this species collected 

at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 228). Cat. No. 249705, U.S.N.M., 

two additional specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 977). 

PYRAMIDELLA (SYRNOLA) MINOR Smith. 


(Coll. No. 229). 

PYRAMIDELLA (SYRNOLA), species ? 

Cat. No. 187074, U.S.N.M., contains a young individual from Port 

Alfred which we are unable to refer to any of the known forms (Coll. 

No. 614). 

PYRAMIDELLA (SYRNOLA) TARPEIA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, subdiaphanous. Nuclear whorls small, 

very obliquely immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above 

which the rounded, tilted edge of the last volution only projects. 

Postnuclear whorls high between the sutures, slightly rounded, 

feebly shouldered at the summit; marked by retractive fines of 

growth, and exceedingly fine, spiral striations. Sutures well impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base somewhat 

prolonged, well rounded, marked like the spire. Aperture oval, 

posterior angle acute, outer lip thin, inner lip very short, decidedly 

curved, slightly reflected, appressed; parietal wall covered with a 

moderately thick callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 618). The type has almost six. postnuclear 


PYRAMIDELLA (SYRNOLA) HERA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, milk white. Nuclear whorls more than one, 

obliquely immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above which 

the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear whorls 

very slightly rounded, very feebly shouldered at the summit, marked 

by rather coarse lines of growth and exceedingly fine spiral striations. 

The preceding whorl shines through the substance of the succeeding 

turns near the summit and appears as a band a little differently 

colored than the rest of the shell. Sutures well marked. Periphery 

well rounded. Base slightly prolonged, well rounded. Aperture 

ovate; posterior angle acute; outer lip thin; the inner lip, short; 

reflected over and appressed to the base; parietal wall covered with 

a thin, callus.




whorls, and measures: Length, 4 mm.; diameter, 1.2 mm 

Genus TURBONILLA Risso. 

TURBONILLA tPTYCHEULIMELLA) ERNA, new species. 


Shell very small, elongate-conic, bluish white, translucent. Nuclear 

whorls at least two, well rounded, forming a depressed helicoid spire, 

the axis of which is almost at right angles to the axis of the succeeding 

turns. The nuclear spire is about one-fourth immersed in the first 

of the succeeding whorls. Postnuclear whorls slightly rounded, 

strongly appressed at the summit, marked by extremely feeble, 

almost vertical axial ribs which are so poorly defined that they can 

scarcely be counted. In addition to the axial sculpture, the entire 

surface of the whorls is marked by closely spaced, microscopic, spiral 

striations. Sutures well constricted. Periphery of the last whorl 

somewhat angulated. Base short, well rounded. Aperture elongate- 

ovate; posterior angle obtuse, outer lip thin, imier lip strongly 

curved and slightly reflected; parietal wall covered by a thin callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1244). The type has seven postnuclear 

whorls, and measures: Length, 3 mm.; diameter, 0.7 mm. 

TURBONILLA (CHEMNITZIA) GEMMULA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186847, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens of this species 


TURBONILLA (CHEMNITZIA) KRAUSSI Clessin. 


No. 210a). 

TURBONILLA (PSELLIOGYRA) ADABA, new species. 


Shell broadly elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls well rounded, 

smooth, obliquely immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above 

which the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear 

whorls almost flattened, very strongly, tabulatedly shouldered at the 

summit, crossed by strong, very regular, somewhat sinuous, slightly 

protractive, axial ribs, of which 20 occur upon the second and third, 

22 upon the fourth and fifth, 24 upon the sixth, and 28 upon the 

penultimate turn. These ribs extend prominently from the shoulder, 

which they render crenulated, to the periphery of the turn. Inter- 

costal spaces a little wider than the rib. A spiral cord in the 

intercostal is present about one-fifth of the space between the sutures


posterior to the suture, which is equal in strength to the spiral cord at 

the periphery. The sulcus between the two spiral cords and between 

the anterior cord and the periphery of the last whorl are marked by 

the continuations of the axial ribs. Sutures strongly channeled. 

Periphery of the last whorl rendered decidedly angulated by the 

spiral cord. Base rather long, well rounded, narrowly umbilicated. 

The entire surface is marked by slender spiral striations. Aperture 

broadly oval; outer lip moderately thick; inner lip somewhat curved 

and slightly revolute ; columella provided with an oblique fold at its 

insertion; parietal wall glazed with a thick callus. 


(Coll. No. 1247). It has eight postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 5 mm.; diameter, 1.8 mm. Cat. No. 250361, U.S.N.M., contains 

the nucleus of a young specimen from the same place (Coll. No. 

1234). 

TURBONILLA (STRIOTURBONILLA) SECURA, new name. 


Turbonilla dbeliseus Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat, Hist,, vol. 7, p. 406, 1861. Not 

Chemnitzia obcliscus C. B. Adams, Contr. Conch., pp. 72-73, 1850. (Also a 

StrioturboniUa). 

Shell quite large, broadly conic, bluish-white. Nuclear whorls one 

and three-fourths, rather large, forming a well-rounded, depressed, 

helicoid spire, the axis of which is at right angles to that of the succeeding 

turns. Postnuclear whorls moderately rounded, narrowly 

shouldered at the summit, marked by rather strong, low, rounded, 

decidedly pro tractive, axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first to 

third, 18 upon the fourth to sixth, 20 upon the seventh, 24 upon the 

eighth and ninth, 26 upon the tenth and penultimate whorl. The 

spaces between the axial ribs are narrower than the ribs, and not 

very strongly impressed. Suture slightly channeled. Periphery of 

the last whorl well rounded ; base short, well rounded. Entire surface 

of base and spire marked by rather strong incremental lines and very 

fine, closely spaced, wavy, spiral striations. Aperture subquadrate, 

posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture 

within; inner lip decidedly oblique and slightly revolute; parietal 


Cat. No. 165, U.S.N.M., contains Gould's type, collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, at Simons Bay, 

Cape of Good Hope. It has 12 postnuclear whorls and measures: 

Length, 11.1 mm.; diameter, 3 mm. Cat. No. 186843, U.S.N.M., 

three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 210). 

TURBONILLA (STRIOTURBONILLA) LAEVOCOSTATA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186845, U.S.N.M., contains sLx specimens of this species 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 212).


TURBONILLA (PYRGOLAMPROS) ANGEA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, brownish yellow. (Nuclear whorls decollated.) 

Postnuclear whorls very slightly rounded, feebly shouldered at the 

summit marked by rather broad, low, somewhat protractive axial 

ribs, of which 16 occur upon the second, 18 upon the third to fifth; 

20 upon the sixth; and 22 upon the penultimate turn. These ribs 

are about double the width of the spaces that separate them. In 

addition to the ribs, the whorls are marked by exceedingly fine, 

microscopic, spiral striations. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, crossed by the ver}^ 

feeble continuations of the axial ribs and exceedingly fine, spiral 

striations. Aperture oval; posterior angle acute; outer lip thin; 

inner lip very short, slightly revolute and appressed, provided with a 

weak fold at its insertion; parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 186844a, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 211). The type has seven and one-half 

postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 5 mm.; diameter, 1.7 mm. 

Cat. No. 250375, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens from the same 


TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) HELENA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, golden brown. Nuclear whorls, at least 

two, forming a depressed helicoid spire which is obliquely immersed 

in the first of the succeeding turns, above which a portion of the last 

two whorls only projects. Postnuclear whorls strongly, tabulatedly 

shouldered at the summit, well rounded, somewhat constricted at the 

sutures, marked by very regular, slightly retractive, axial ribs, which 

are almost as wide as the spaces that separate them. Of these ribs, 

there are about 24 on the first and second, 22 upon the third, 26 upon 

the fourth, 30 upon the fifth, and 32 upon the penultimate whorl. 

The ribs render the summit of the whorls crenulated. Intercostal 

spaces strongly impressed, marked by numerous fine, equal, and 

equally spaced, spiral striations, of which about 30 occur between the 

sutures on the penultimate turn. Sutures very strongly constricted, 

base moderately long, well rounded, marked by the continuations of 

the axial ribs, which become enfeebled as they approach the umbilical 

chink, and incised, spiral lines equaling those on the spire in spacing 

and strength. Aperture oval, posterior angle rendered decidedly 

obtuse by the shoulder at the summit. Outer lip thin, showing the 

external sculpture within; inner lip strongly curved, reflected over 

and appressed to the base, provided with a weak, oblique fold at its 

insertion. Parietal wall covered by a thin callus.


The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 227732, U.S.N .M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 827). The type nas seven postnuclear 


TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) ATOSSA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, bluish-white. Nuclear whorls more than two, 

smooth, the early portion obliquely immersed in the later. Post- 

nuclear whorls strongly shouldered at the summit, marked by wellrounded, 

somewhat retractive, strong, axial ribs, of which 16 occur 

upon the first, 18 upon the second to fourth, and 20 upon the penultimate 

turn. These ribs extend strongly from the summit of the 

whorls to the umbilical chink. Intercostal spaces about twice as 

broad as the ribs, crossed by fine, incised, spiral fines, of which 7 occur 

between the shoulder at the summit and the suture on the first and 

second, 9 upon the third, 15 upon the fourth and the penultimate 

turn. The spaces separating these spiral striations are about twice 

as wide as the striations. Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery 

of the last whorl somewhat inflated, well rounded. Base moderately 

long, well rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked by the strong 

continuations of the axial ribs and fine spiral striations, which become 

a little closer spaced on the anterior portion than at the periphery. 

Aperture pear-shaped; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip somewhat 

sinuous, thick within, sloping to a thin edge; columella slender, curved, 

reflected, provided with an oblique fold at its insertion; parietal wall 

covered with a thick callus which gives the peristome a complete 

aspect. 

The type, Cat, No. 249700, U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 972). It has six postnuclear whorls and measures: Length, 4.4 

mm.; diameter, 1.7 mm. Cat. No. 249695, U.S.N.M., contains a 

young specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 967). 

TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS), species? 


(Coll. No. 218), which has very strong protractive axial ribs, numer- 

ous, finely incised, spiral striations in the intercostal spaces, and a 

very pronounced plait on the pillar. I refrain from giving it a name 

until more complete material may be at hand. 

TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS), species ? 

Cat. No. 186851a, U.S.N.M., contains a badly-worn specimen from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 218a). It is much smaller than the last one 

referred to, and is probably a new species.


TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) TRITONIA, new species. 


Shell very small, slender, elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls 

two and one-half; depressed helicoid, having their axis at a right angle 

to that of the succeeding turns, in the first of which they are about 

one-third immersed. Postnuclear whorls slightly rounded, weakly 

shouldered at the summit; marked by strong, slightly curved, 

almost vertical axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first and second, 

18 upon the third and fourth, and 20 upon the penultimate turn. 

The intercostal spaces, which are about as wide as the ribs, are crossed 

by 10 equally spaced, narrow, incised, spiral grooves, of which the third 

one below the summit is about twice as wide as the rest, which are 

subequal. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base moder- 

ately long, well rounded, marked by the continuations of the axial 

ribs, which extend feebly to the umbilical region and about 15 incised 

spiral lines, which grow successively weaker and closer spaced from 

the periphery to the umbilical region. Aperture oval; outer lip thin; 

inner lip strongly curved and reflected, provided with a strong fold 

at its insertion; parietal wall covered with a thick callus. 

The type and two additional specimens, Cat. No. 187046, U.S.N .M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 584). The type has five and onehalf 

whorls, and measures: Length,2 mm.; diameter, 0.6 mm. Cat. No. 

250370, U.S.N.M., contains two additional specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1243). 

TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) ZENOBIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, bluish-white. Nuclear whorls more than two, 

smooth, forming a depressed helicoid spire, the axis of which is at right 

angles to that of the succeeding turns, above the first of which the 

tilted edge of the last two volutions only project. Postnuclear whorls 

slightly rounded and feebly shouldered at the summit, marked with 

strong, rounded, sinuous and protractive axial ribs, which extend 

strongly from the summit of the whorls to the suture. Of these ribs, 

16 occur upon the first and second, 18 upon the third to fifth, 

20 upon the sixth and seventh, and 22 upon the penultimate turn. 

Intercostal spaces a little wider than the ribs, marked by well in- 

cised, spiral lines which pass over the intercostal spaces and the ribs. 

Of these lines, 8 appear on the first and second, 10 upon the third, 

12 upon the fourth, 15 upon the fifth, 10 upon the sixth, 17 upon 

the seventh, and 18 upon the penultimate turn. Sutures strongly 

impressed. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base short, 

well rounded, marked by 11 slender spiral threads, which are about 

one-half as wide as the spaces that separate them and diminish in


size consecutively from the periphery to the umbilical chink. Aper- 

ture subquadrate; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin, showing the 

external sculpture within; columella short, very oblique, slightly revo- 

lute, provided with an obsolete fold at its insertion; parietal wall 

covered with a thin callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 973). The type has nine whorls and 

measures: Length, 4 mm.; diameter, 1 mm. Cat. No. 249699, U.S.N .M., 

contains two additional specimens from the same locality. (Coll. 

No. 971). 

TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) TINCTA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186844, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens from Port 


TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) MAIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, milk white. Nuclear whorls very small, at 

least two having their axis at a right angle to that of the succeeding 

turns, in the first of which they are about one-third immersed. Post- 

nuclear whorls inflated, strongly rounded, marked by narrow scalari- 

form, slightly protractive axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first 

and second, 18 upon the third to sixth, 20 upon the seventh, and 26 

upon the penultimate turn. Upon this they become inflated and 

somewhat irregular; intercostal spaces about twice, to two and one- 

half times, as wide as the ribs, marked by strongly incised, spiral lines, 

of which 5 occur upon the first and second, 6 upon the third, 7 upon 

the fourth, and 8 upon the fifth and sixth, 13 upon the seventh, while 

upon the penultimate turn they become exceedingly irregular, both 

as to width, number, and spacing. Sutures strongly constricted. 

Periphery of the last whorl inflated, well rounded. Base rather short, 

well rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked by the feeble continua- 

tions of the axial ribs and numerous spiral striations. Aperture oval; 

posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin; inner lip decidedly curved; 

slightly reflected, free ; parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 587). It has eight and one-half post-nuclear whorls, and 

measures: Length, 7.1 mm.; diameter, 2.3 mm. Two additional lots 

are in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, all from Port Alfred. 

Cat. No. 249698, one specimen (Coll. No. 970). Cat. No. 250373, the 

tip of a young specimen (Coll. No. 1246). 

TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) TEFUNTA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, milk white, with a narrow pale yellow band 

a little posterior to the middle on each whorl. Nuclear whorls decol- 

lated. Postnuclear whorls slightly rounded, feebly shouldered at the


summit, marked by rather strong, somewhat curved, slightly pro- 

tractive axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first, 18 upon the 

second, 20 upon the third to fifth, 22 upon the sixth, and 24 upon the 

penultimate turn. These ribs are about as wide as the spaces that 

separate them, and render the summit of the whorls crenulated. 

Intercostal spaces crossed by 14 slender spiral threads, of which the 9 

above the suture are equal and equally spaced, while the 3 remaining 

ones near the summit are much closer spaced. Sutures strongly 

marked. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base moder- 

ately long, well rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs, 

which extend to the umbilical chink, and about 25 spiral lirations, 

which become more closely spaced and less strongly developed from 

the periphery to the umbilical area. The intercostal spaces at the pe- 

riphery are free from spiral sculpture and cause this to appear as a 

series of broad, strongly impressed pits. Aperture oval; posterior 

angle obtuse; outer lip rather thick; inner lip curved and decidedly' 

reflected, provided with a fold at its insertion; parietal wall covered 

by a moderately thick callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 969). The type has eight postnuclear 


TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS) APSA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, thin, semitranslucent, bluish white. Nuclear 

whorls at least two, rather large, depressed helicoid, well rounded, 

about half immersed in the first of the succeeding turns. Postnuclear 

whorls moderately well rounded, shouldered at the summit, which is 

slightly exserted, and marked by obsolete axial ribs which are best 

expressed on the early turns. Of these ribs about 18 are indicated 

upon the second, 22 upon the third and fourth, 28 upon the fifth, 

and 20 upon the sixth and penultimate turns. Intercostal spaces 

scarcely visible, the ribs appearing a little more opaque than the 

spaces between them. In addition to the axial sculpture, the whorls 

are marked between the sutures by about eleven slender spiral stria- 

tions which are of somewhat varying strength and spacing, the 

region immediately below the summit being free of spiral sculpture. 

Sutures well impressed. Periphery well rounded. Base well 

rounded, marked by about 16 slender spiral lirations which are 

strongest near the periphery and grow weaker and closer spaced 

towards the umbilical chink, where they are very densely massed. 

Aperture oval ; posterior angle acute ; outer lip thin ; inner lip strongly 

curved, slightly reflected, provided with a weak fold at its insertion. 

Parietal wall covered with a thick callus which renders the peritreme 

almost complete.



from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 78). The type has eight postnuclear 

whorls, and measures: Length, 4.9 mm.; diameter 1.5 mm. 

TURBONILLA (PYRGISCUS), species? 

Cat. No. 249694, U.S.N.M., contains two worn specimens from Port 

Alfred, too poor to determine (Coll. No. 966). 

TURBONILLA (DUNKERIA) TEGULATA Sowerby. 



TURBONILLA (CINGULINA) TRACHEALIS Gould. 


Chemnitzia (Polyspirella) trachealis Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, 

p. 407, 1861. 

Shell elongate-conic, yellowish-white. Nuclear whorls large, pla- 

norboid, well rounded, smooth, obliquely immersed in the first of the 

succeeding turns, above which only the tilted edge of the last two volu- 

tions projects. Postnuclear whorls moderately rounded, shouldered at 

the summit, marked by three strong spiral cords which slope abruptly 

posteriorly and gently anteriorly. These cords are about twice as 

wide as the spaces that separate them. Beginning with the third to 

last turn, the suture falls gradually more and more anterior to the 

peripher}', exposing a portion of the base, which appears as a flattened 

band above the suture. In addition to the spiral cords, the whorls 

are marked by numerous, slender, raised, axial threads in the depressed 

spaces between the cords. These threads are about one-fourth as 

wide as the spaces that separate them. Suture scarcely differentiated 

from the other grooves. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. 

Base rather short, well rounded, marked by incremental lines and 

exceedingly fine, spiral striations. Aperture broadly ovate; posterior 

angle acute; outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within; 

columella somewhat twisted, provided with an obsolete fold at its 

insertion. 

Gould's type, Cat. No. 165a,U.S.N.M., which was collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific exploring expedition at Simon's 

Bay, Cape of Good Hope, has 9 postnuclear whorls and measures: 

Length, 5.7 mm.; diameter, 2 mm. A specimen having 12 whorls but 

minus the nucleus measures: Length, 12.2 mm.; diameter, 2.5 mm. 

Four additional lots of this species are in the collection of the United 

States National Museum from South Africa as follows: Cat. No. 

250398a, four specimens (Coll. No. 1271a). Cat. No. 250399, three 

specimens (Coll. No. 1272). Cat. No. 187048, one specimen (Coll. 

No. 586). Cat. No. 187047, three specimens (Coll. No. 585).

SOUTH AFRICAN MARINE MOLLTJSKS. 83 

TURBONILLA (CINGULINA) AGLAIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, subdiaphanous, bluish-white. Nuclear whorls 

small, at least two; depressed helicoid, obliquely one-third immersed 

in the first of the succeeding turns. Postnuclear whorls moderately 

rounded, marked by three strong spiral striatums between the sutures 

on the early whorls, while on the later ones the peripheral cord becomes 

completely exposed in the suture, giving these whorls four 

spiral cords. These spiral cords are truncated posteriorly and slope 

gently anteriorly. They are a little wider than the grooves that 

separate them. The grooves are crossed by numerous, very slender, 

somewhat protractive axial riblets. Sutures scarcely differentiated 

from the spiral grooves. Periphery of the last whorl bounded pos- 

teriorly by a spiral groove; anteriorly there is no limiting groove to 

denote the peripheral cord, which is apparent in the suture on the 

preceding turns, the periphery here passing evenly into a short, wellrounded 

base, which is marked by exceedingly fine, spiral striations 

and lines of growth. Aperture subquadrate; posterior angle obtuse; 

outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within, rendered 

wavy at the edge by the external sculpture ; inner lip decidedly curved 

and slightly reflected, provided with a weak fold at its insertion; 

parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 217). The type has eight and one-half 

postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 5.3 mm.; diameter, 1.5 mm. 

Cat. No. 250398, U.S.N.M., contains two additional specimens from 


TURBONILLA (CINGULINA) PELLUCIDA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186854, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens of this species, 

which was described as Cioniscus pelluddus Sowerby, from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 222). 

TURBONILLA (CINGULINA) CALLISTA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, very slender, white. Nuclear whorls at least 

two, small, depressed helicoid, obliquely one-third immersed in the 

first of the succeeding turns. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, 

marked between the sutures by three very strong, incised, spiral 

grooves, of which one is immediately below the summit, the second 

on the middle of the whorls, and the third about as far posterior to 

the suture as the first is anterior to the summit. The axial sculpture 

consists of vertical incremental lines only. Periphery and base of 

the last whorl well rounded, marked by incremental lines only. 

Aperture oval; posterior angle acute; outer lip thin, showing the


external sculpture within; inner lip very slender, decidedly curved and 

reflected; free only at the extreme anterior portion, the rest ap- 

pressed parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 

; 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 592). The type has nine postnuclear 

whorls, and measures: Length, 4.2 mm.; diameter, 1 mm. 

TURBONILLA (CARELIOPSIS) CARIFA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, semitranslucent, bluish-white, nuclear 

whorls, at least two, large and smooth, forming a depressed helicoid 

spire, which is a little more than half obliquely immersed in the first of 

the succeeding turns. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, feebly shoul- 

dered at the summit, marked by quite regular, equal and equally 

spaced, fine spiral lirations, of which 9 occur upon the first and second, 

10 upon the third, and 11 upon the penultimate turn between the 

sutures. Suture decidedly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl 

well rounded. Base moderately long, very narrowly umbilicated, a 

little less strongly rounded than the space between the sutures, marked 

by about 11 spiral lirations of about the same strength and spacing 

as those occurring on the spire. In addition to the spiral sculpture, 

the whorls are marked by exceedingly fine, decidedly retractively 

slanting lines of growth. Aperture moderately large, oval; posterior 

angle obtuse; outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within; 

inner lip strongly curved, very slender, reflected over and attached 

to the body whorl, except the extreme anterior portion, which is free; 

parietal wall covered by a thick callus. 

The type, and another specimen, Cat. No. 250390, U.S.N.M., comes 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1263). The type has five postnuclear 


TURBONILLA (MORMULA) CIFARA, new species. 


Shell large and robust, elongate-conic, bluish white. Nuclear 

whorls decollated. Postnuclear whorls slightly rounded, roundly 

shouldered at the summit and weakly contracted at the suture, 

marked by rather strong, somewhat irregular, slightly retractive, 

axial ribs and an occasional vanx, marking the fusion of a number 

of ribs. The varices are irregularly disposed. Of the axial ribs, 22 

occur upon the first and second, and 20 upon all the remaining turns 

but the penultimate, which has 22 ; on this turn they are rather irreg- 

ularly disposed and less strongly developed. In addition to the axial 

ribs the whorls are crossed by weakly incised spiral lines, which are of 

somewhat varying strength. There are probably 50 of these between 

the sutures. These lines and the feeble lines of growth between the


ribs lend the whorls a cloth-like texture. Suture well impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl feebly angulated. Base short, moderately 

rounded, marked by the continuation of the axial ribs and spiral 

lirations, the latter of varying strength. Aperture irregularly oval; 

posterior angle obtuse; outer lip moderately thin, showing the exter- 

nal sculpture within; inner lip very oblique, almost straight, reflected 

over and appressed to the body whorl, except at the extreme anterior 

tip, which is free. The columella is provided with a feeble fold at its 

insertion. Parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 987). It has nine postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


Two additional specimens of this species come from Port Alfred. 

They are listed as Cat. No. 186842, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 209), and 

Cat. No. 249702 /U.S.N.M., (Coll. No. 974). 

TURBONILLA (MORMULA) DECORA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186849, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen of this species from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 216). Another specimen from the same locality 

is listed as Cat. No. 250377, U.S.N.M. (CoU. 1250). 

TURBONILLA (PERISTICHIA) BATHYRAPHE Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186848, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen of this species 


Genus ODOSTOMIA Fleming. 

ODOSTOMIA (ODOSTOMELLA) FARICA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-ovate, milk white, with three narrow chestnut 

bands, the first of which encircles the posterior fourth of the space 

between the sutures ; the second is somewhat anterior to the periph- 

ery, while the third is about one-half of the distance of the space 

between the anterior extremity of the base and the periphery, poste- 

rior to the anterior extremity. Nuclear whorls small, polished, 

deeply immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above which the 

tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear whorls 

well rounded, narrowly shouldered at the summit, marked by slender, 

almost vertical, axial riblets, which are about two-thirds as wide as 

the spaces that separate them. Of these riblets, 22 occur upon the 

second, 24 upon the third, and 26 upon the penultimate turn. Suture 

strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. 

Base moderately well rounded, marked by the feeble continuations 

of the axial ribs, which extend to the umbilical chink. Aperture oval; 

posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture 

within; inner lip slightly curved, reflected, and appressed to the 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 7


preceding turn for half its length; parietal wall glazed with a thin 

callus. 


(Coll. No. 1242), has four postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 


ODOSTOMIA (EGILINA) TURTONI, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, milk white. Nuclear whorls, at least 

two, deeply, obliquely, immersed in the first of the succeeding turns. 

Postnuclear whorls moderately rounded, feebly shouldered at the 

summit; marked by very regular, somewhat sinuous, slightly pro- 

tractive axial ribs, of which 24 occur upon the first, 26 upon the 

second and third, and about 40 upon the last turn. These ribs are 

separated by well-impressed intercostal spaces which are about equal 

to the axial ribs in width. In addition to the spiral sculpture the 

whorls are marked between the sutures by a strong spiral cord which 

adjoins the suture. The summit of the whorls is rendered slightly 

crenulated by the curving of the ribs. Sutures strongly impressed; 

periphery of the last whorl marked by a narrow sulcus, which is 

crossed by the continuations of the axial ribs; base short, moderately 

umbilicated, marked by feeble, thread-like continuations of the axial 

ribs and six low, well-rounded, weak spiral threads, which diminish 

greatly in size and spacing from the periphery to the umbilical area, 

where they are quite obsolete. Aperture quite large, oval; posterior 

angle acute; outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within; 

inner lip strongly curved and slightly reflected; parietal wall covered 

by thick callus. 

The type and three specimens, Cat, No. 227733, U.S.N.M., (Coll. 

No. 828) , come from Port Alfred. The type has almost five postnuclear 


ODOSTOMIA (PYRGULINA) ARFICA, new species. 


Shell elongate-ovate, rather solid, bluish white. Nuclear whorls 

decollated. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, strongly shouldered 

at the summit, marked by stout, well-rounded, somewhat sinuous, 

decidedly pro tractive, axial ribs, which are about as wide as the spaces 

that separate them. Of these ribs, 14 occur upon the first, 16 upon 

the second, 18 upon the third, and 22 upon the penultimate turn. 

These ribs render the summit of the whorls decidedly crenulated. In 

addition to the ribs the intercostal spaces are marked between the 

sutures by exceedingly fine, closely spaced, spiral striations, of which 

about 35 are present upon the third turn. Sutures strongly impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base moder-


ately long, narrowly umbilicated, well rounded, marked by the feeble 

continuation of the axial ribs, and numerous spiral striations Aper- 

ture oval; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip rather thick; inner lip 

decidedly curved, and somewhat reflected, provided with a very 

strong, oblique fold at its insertion; parietal wall covered by a thick 

callus, which renders the peritreme practically complete. 

The tvpe, and another specimen, Cat. No. 249693, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 965) ; the type has five postnuclear whorls, 

and measures: Length, 4 mm.; diameter, 1.9 mm. 

ODOSTOMIA (MIRALDA) AGANA, new species. 


Shell conic, white. Nuclear whorls, at least two, deeply, obliquely 

immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above which the tilted 

edge of the last volution projects. Postnuclear whorls moderately 

rounded, shouldered at the summit, ornamented with slender, pro- 

tractive, axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first and second, 18 

upon the third, and 22 upon the penultimate turn. These ribs 

extend prominently to the summit of the whorls, which they render 

crenulated. In addition to the axial sculpture the whorls are marked 

by two prominent spiral cords between the sutures, of which the 

first occupies the middle of the turns, while the second is halfway 

between this and the suture. The intersections of the axial ribs 

and the spiral cords form well-rounded nodules. Periphery of the 

last whorl marked by a sulcus. Sutures strongly constricted Base 

moderately long, somewhat produced, narrowly umbilicated, pro- 

vided with a strong spiral cord, which bounds the peripheral sulcus 

The anterior part of the base is smooth, excepting rnrnute lines ot 

growth, which are also apparent on the spire. Aperture oval; outer 

Hp very thin, showing the external sculpture within, decidedly sinuous 

at the edge; inner lip strongly curved, slightly reflected, free, provided 

with a strong fold at its insertion; parietal wall glazed with a 

thin callus. . ., , 


(Coll No 215a) It has 5 postnuclear whorls, and measures : Length, 

2.4 mm. ;" 

diameter, 1 mm. Cat. No. 227728, U.S.N.M., contains three 


ODOSTOMIA (MENESTHO) CARIFA, new species. 


Shell very small, subcylindric, cream yellow. Nuclear whorls well 

rounded, smooth, deeply, obliquely inserted in the first of the succeed- 

in^ turns, above which the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. 

Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, appressed at the summit, 

marked by two strongly incised, spiral grooves, of which the first is


situated at the anterior extremity of the posterior fourth, between 

the sutures, while the second is about as far posterior to the suture. 

The posterior of these two grooves is bounded posteriorly by a slender 

raised cord. In addition to this spiral sculpture the whorls are 

marked by numerous fine spiral striations and decidedly retractive 

lines of growth. The latter assume somewhat the appearance of feeble 

riblets between the slender cord and the summit. Sutures strongly 

constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base mod- 

erately long, well rounded, with a very fine umbilical perforation; 

marked by the continuation of the lines of growth and numerous fine 

spiral striations, which are a little stronger than those on the spire. 

Aperture broadly oval; posterior angle very obtuse; outer lip very 

oblique, thin; inner lip very strongly curved and appressed to the 

preceding turn; except the extreme anterior portion, which is free; 



No. 1264), has four postnuclear turns, and measures: Length, 1.5 mm.; 


ODOSTOMIA (MENESTHO) RIFACA, new species. 


Shell very elongate-ovate, milk white. Nuclear whorls well 

rounded, smooth, immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above 

which the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear 

whorls moderately rounded, having a strongly impressed spiral groove 

a little below the summit, which causes this to appear as a wellrounded 

spiral cord. The rest of the surface between the sutures is 

marked by numerous very fine spiral lirations, and exceedingly fine 

axial lines of growth. Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the 

last whorl somewhat inflated, well rounded. Base slightly atten- 

uated, very narrowly umbilicated, well rounded, marked by the con- 

tinuation of the lines of growth and spiral lirations which equal those 

of the spire in strength and spacing. Aperture irregularly ovate; 

posterior angle acute; outer lip thin, oblique; inner lip decidedly 

curved, reflected over and appressed to the preceding turn, the extreme 

anterior tip only being free. A strong oblique fold marks the 

insertion of the columella. Parietal wall glazed by a thin callus. 


No. 1238). It has five postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 

1 .9 mm. ; diameter, 0.9 mm. 

ODOSTOMIA (MENESTHO) FICARA, new species. 


Shell broadly elongate-conic, rather thick, bluish white, Nuclear 

whorls small, deeply, obliquely immersed in the first of the postnuclear 

turns, above which a part of the last two volutions project. Postnu-


clear turns well rounded, ornamented with strong spiral keels, of 

which two occur upon the first and second, while upon the third the 

anterior one is divided by a slender incised line which gradually in- 

creases in strength on the succeeding turns, splitting this cord into 

two equal and equally strong cords equaling the posterior one, on 

the last turn. On the last two turns the infraperipheral cord 

makes its appearance in the suture. We have, therefore, four cords 

shown between the sutures on the last turn. Summit of the whorls 

tabulatedly shouldered, the first cord beginning at the angle of the 

shoulder. The grooves separating the spiral cords are strongly im- 

pressed. The one immediately posterior to the supraperipheral cord 

is a little stronger than the rest. In addition to the spiral sculpture 

the whorls are marked by feeble lines of growth on the spire, which 

appear strongest in the spiral grooves. Sutures strongly constricted. 

Periphery of the last whorl marked by a spiral sulcus. Base moder- 

ately long, well rounded, very narrowly umbilicated, marked by 11 

spiral cords, the five anterior to the periphery being much stronger 

than the six remaining, which are very fine. Aperture oval; poste- 

rior angle obtuse; outer lip thin, rendered sinuous by the spiral sculp- 

ture, showing the external sculpture within; inner lip short, strongly 

curved, reflected and appressed to the preceding turn, provided with 

a very strong oblique fold opposite the umbilical chink; parietal wall 

covered by a strong callus. 


No. 1599). It has six postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 3.3 

mm.; diameter, 1.5 mm. 

ODOSTOMIA (EVALEA) LUCIDA Sowerby. 



ODOSTOMIA (EVALEA) LAVERTINAE Smith. 

Cat. No. 186852, U.S.N.M., contains six specimens from Port 


We have seen 33 additional specimens from Port Alfred in Colonel 

Turton's collection (Coll. No. 1589). 

ODOSTOMIA (EVALEA) AETHRA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls deeply immersed in 

the first of the succeeding turns, above which a very small portion 

of the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear 

whorls well rounded; feebly shouldered, at the summit; marked 

with fine, incremental lines, and exceedingly fine, microscopic, spiral 

striations. Periphery of the last whorl somewhat inflated, feebly


angulated. Base rather short, narrowly umbilicated, well rounded, 

marked like the spire. Aperture oval; posterior angle obtuse; outer 

lip thin; inner lip oblique, slightly curved, appressed, provided with 

a strong fold at its insertion; parietal wall covered with a thick 

callus. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 186852a, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 219). The type has five and one- 

half postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 3 mm.; diameter, 

1.5 mm. 

ODOSTOMIA (EVALEA) GEA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate -conic, white. Nuclear whorls deeply, ob- 

liquely immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, giving the 

shell a truncated appearance. Postnuclear whorls weakly rounded, 

very strongly shouldered at the summit, marked by vertical lines 

of growth, and exceedingly fine, microscopic spiral striations. 

Sutures strongly impressed. Periphery of the last whorl somewhat 

inflated, feebly angulated. Base well rounded, strongly umbili- 

cated, marked like the spire. Aperture oval; posterior angle acute; 

outer lip thin, reinforced within by six equal and equally spaced 

slender, spiral lirations; inner lip almost vertical, slightly curved, 

feebly reflected, provided with a strong fold at its insertion; parietal 



from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 612). The type has almost six postnuclear 


ODOSTOMIA (EVALEA) CIFARA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, thin, semitranslucent, strongly umbilicated, 

bluish white. Nuclear whorls small, immersed in the first of the 

succeeding turns, above which the tilted edge of the last volution 

only projects. Postnuclear whorls moderately well rounded, narrowly, 

slopingly shouldered at the summit, marked by numerous, very 

fine, spiral fines, and very slender, almost vertical lines of growth. 

The limit at the summit of the interior chamber of the whorls shines 

through the texture of the shell, and causes this to appear as if it 

had a double suture. Periphery of the last whorl somewhat inflated, 

strongly rounded. Base rather short, inflated, quite markedly um- 

bilicated, marked like the spire. Aperture rather large, oval; pos- 

terior angle acute; outer lip thin; inner lip strongly curved, re- 

flected but free, bearing a strong oblique fold opposite the umbilicus. 

Parietal wall covered by a moderately thick callus.





We have seen three additional lots of this species which are in 

Colonel Turton's collection, all from Port Alfred : 29 specimens (Coll. 

No. 1589); 33 specimens (Coll. No. 1590); 2 specimens (Coll. No. 

1599). 

ODOSTOMIA (EVALEA) ACRIFA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, bluish white, with five equal and equally 

spaced, narrow, yellowish, spiral bands, which correspond with internal 

lirations. Nuclear whorls depressed helicoid, obliquely immersed in 

the first of the succeeding turns, above which a very small portion of 

the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear whorls 

quite strongly rounded, narrowly shouldered at the summit, marked 

by rather strong lines of growth, which have a tendency on the later 

whorls to divide the surface of the shell into riblets at the shoulder, 

and numerous, very fine, spiral stria tions. The posterior limit of the 

interior of each whorl is seen through the texture of the shell and 

gives this the appearance of having a double suture. Sutures 

strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl inflated and 

strongly rounded. Base short, conspicuously umbilicated, inflated, 

well rounded, marked like the spire by lines of growth and fine spiral 

lines. Aperture broadly ovate; posterior angle acute; outer Up thin, 

showing five lirations within, between the posterior angle and the 

periphery; inner lip curved, slightly reflected but distinct, provided 

with a strong oblique fold opposite the umbilicus; parietal wall cov- 

ered by a moderately thick callus. 




ODOSTOMIA (ODOSTOMIA) IRAFCA, new species. 


Shell minute, translucent, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls deeply 

immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above which the tilted 

edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear whorls inflated, 

strongly rounded, appressed at the summit, marked by rather coarse 

lines of growth. Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the last 

whorl inflated and also well rounded. Base somewhat attenuated, 

very slightly umbilicated, marked like the spire. Aperture broadly 

oval; outer Up thin, somewhat effuse; inner lip strongly curved, 

somewhat twisted, and strongly reflected, provided with a strong 

parietal wall covered with 

oblique fold opposite the umbilical chink ; 

a thin callus.



from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1236). The type has four postnuclear 


ODOSTOMIA (ODOSTOMIA) ICAFRA, new species. 


Shell small, quite regularly conic, semi translucent, bluish white. 

Nuclear whorls obliquely immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, 

above which the tilted edge of the last volution only projects. Postnuclear 

whorls slightly rounded, narrowly shouldered at the summit, 

marked by exceedingly fine lines of growth. The posterior limit of the 

interior of the whorl shines through the substance of the shell, and 

causes the whorls to appear as if they had a double suture. Sutures 

feebly impressed. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base 

slightly attenuated, well rounded, very narrowly uinbilicated, marked 

by fine lines of growth only. Aperture Oval; posterior angle acute; 

outer lip thin; inner lip strongly curved and reflected, provided with 

a strong oblique fold at its insertion; parietal wall covered by a thin 

callus. 




Family ATLANTIDAE. 

Genus ATLANTA Lesueur. 

ATLANTA PERONII Lesueur. 

One specimen, Cat. No. 250549, U.S.N.M., from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 1422). Cat. No. 250551, U.S.N.M., contains two young specimens 


Family CYMATIIDAE. 

Genus BURSA Bolten. 

BURSA (MARSUPINA), species? 


(Coll. No. 1 53) which resembles Bursa granifer of Lamarck, a Philippine 

species. It is very likely the shell that has been reported from 

South Africa under that name. Unfortunately the specimen before 

me is not perfect enough to be properly diagnosed. Cat. No. 250439, 

U.S.N.M., contains another young specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1312.) 

BURSA (MARSUPINA), species? 


(Coll. No. 557) which resembles Bursa semigranosa from the Philip- 

pines but is not that species. It is also too poor to permit of proper 

diagnosis.


Genus EUGYRINA Dall. 

EUGYRINA GEMNIFERA Euthyme. 



No. 871). I have figured one of these for comparison with the sub- 

species described below. Cat. No. 187023, U.S.N.M., contains another 

specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 55S). Cat. No. 186705, 

U.S.N.M., a young tip from the same locality (Coll. No. 65a). Cat. 

No. 186787, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen from the same place 

(Coll. No. 148.) 

EUGYRINA GEMNIFERA LEPTA, new subspecies. 


Shell similar to E. gemnifera but narrower and much lighter in weight. 

The sculpture is decidedly reduced. The tubercles are much more 

numerous and much less strongly defined than in E. gemnifera, there 

being 12 on the last volution of typical gemnifera while lepta has 20 and 

14 on the whorl preceding to 22 in lepta. In fact, the entire sculpture 

is much finer in lepta than in gemnifera. 

Cat. No. 227777, U.S.N.M., contains the type and another specimen 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 872) and Cat. No. 187024, U.S.N.M., 

contains one specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 559). The 

type has lost the tip, the seven whorls remaining measure: Length, 

84.2 mm.; greater diameter, 46.3 mm. 

Genus ARGOBUCCINUM Moreh. 

ARGOBUCCINUM ARGUS Gmelin. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. Cat. No. 

16920, U.S.N.M., two from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 125376, 

U.S.N.M., two from Cape Town, collected by the U. S. Eclipse Expedition 

in 1890. Cat. No. 227775, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 


ARGOBUCCINUM, species? 

Cat. No. 97, U.S.N.M., a fragment of a large specimen embracing 

the aperture and part of the pillar, collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. 

Genus CYMATIUM Bolten. 

CYMATIUM DOLIARIUM Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 106, U.S.N. M., two specimens collected by William Stimp- 


No. 88628, U.S.N.M., two from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186788, 

U.S.N.M., two from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 149).


CYMATIUM OLEARIUM Linnaeus. 


(Coll. No. 869). Cat. No. 250435, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the 

same place (Coll. No. 1308). 

CYMATIUM AFRICANUM A. Adams. 


No. 147). 

CYMATIUM KLENEI Sowerby. 


No. 150). 

Genus NYCTILOCHUS Gistl. 

NYCTILOCHUS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell similar to certain forms of T. australis Lamarck, but with 

almost complete absence of nodules. Color orange, with obscure 

squares and rectangular spots of brown. Nuclear whorls decollated. 

Postnuclear whorls well rounded, appressed at the summit, moder- 

ately constricted at the sutures, marked axially by rather irregularly 

spaced, scarcely elevated varices, and numerous, very slender, closely 

spaced, raised threads. The spiral markings consist of subequal 

and rather closely, subequally spaced lirations. The same sculpture 

holds good on the base and rostrum. On the latter, the spiral threads 

assume a duplex development, some being coarser than others, the 

coarser being separated by two or three of the finer. The last turn 

has a single nodule a little behind the variced aperture, situated 

almost midway between the summit and the periphery. Aperture 

pale rose within, channeled anteriorly; posterior angle acute, outer 

lip reinforced by a weak varix; columella sinuous, glazed with a callus 

with several slight lirations on the anterior end; parietal wall pro- 

vided with a slender lamella a little anterior to the posterior angle of 

the aperture. 


(Coll. No. 146). "It has lost the nucleus; the five turns which remain 

measure: Length, 60.5 mm.; diameter, 31.2 mm. 

An additional specimen, Cat. No. 250436, U.S.N.M., from the same 

source (Coll. No. 1309), has also lost the nucleus and probably some 

of the early turns; the remaining seven measure: Length, 98 mm.; 

diameter, 51 mm. In this the outer lip is reinforced within at the 

edge. The reinforced portion consists of alternating bands of light and 

dark, the lighter ones being about one-third as wide as the broad dark


bands posteriorly, and half as wide anteriorly. They are of the same 

color as the interior of the aperture, while the dark areas are yellowish 

brown. The outer edge of the columellar callus is also smokily 

tinted. 

NYCTILOCHUS, species ? 

Cat. No. 250437, U.S.N.M., contains a ponderous species from Port 

Alfred, which is too badly worn to be properly identified. (Coll. No. 

1310.) 

Genus CRYOTRITONIUM Martens. 

CRYOTRITONIUM MURRAYI Smith. 

Cat. No. 206005, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Agulhas Bank, 

South Africa. 

Genus ASPELLA Moreh. 

ASPELLA ANCEPS Lamarck? 


No. 154). These are not like our A. anceps Lamarck from the west 

coast of America, the type locality, but the specimens before us are 

too poor to be properly diagnosed, so I let them stand under the name 

under which they have appeared in the past from South Africa. 

NEPIONIC SHELLS. 

Cat. No. 249727, U.S.N.M., contains three nepionic shells belonging 

to the Cymatiidae, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 999). 

Family CASSIDIDAE. 

Genus CASSIS Lamarck. 

CASSIS ACHATINA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 43078, U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

77298, U.S.N.M., two from the same locality. Cat. No. 97976, 

U.S.N.M., eight from Kleinemond, Albany. Cat. No. 186792, 


CASSIS ZEALANICA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 18400a, U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

187025, U.S.N.M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 561). Cat. No. 

227778, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same place (Coll. No. 

873.) 

CASSIS PYRUM Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 95, U.S.N. M., one specimen collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. Cat. No. 

18400, U.S.N.M., one from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 18802, 

U.S.N.M., one from Port Elizabeth.


Family DOLIIDAE. 

Genus DOLIUM Lamarck. 

DOLIUM DUNKERI Hanley. 

Cat. No. 18798, U.S.N.M., one from Port Elizabeth. Cat. No. 


Family AMPHIPERASIDAE. 

Genus AMPHIPERAS Meuschen. 

AMPHIPERAS BECKERI Smith. 


No. 509). Cat. No. 249662, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen 


AMPHIPERAS SMITHI, new species. 


Shell irregularly elongate-ovate, purplish pink, with a moderately 

wide median band, and the tips and lip yellowish white. The surface 

of the shell is smooth, excepting fine, equally spaced and equally dis- 

tributed, spiral threads which are best developed near the anterior 

and posterior fourth, becoming weaker as they approach the center. 

In addition to this spiral sculpture, there are exceedingly fine lines 

of growth which are best seen in the spaces between the spiral threads. 

Aperture elongate-lunate, outer lip thick, forming a strong rounded 

callus at the edge; inner Up represented by a thin callus placed 

upon the body whorl, which becomes decidedly thickened on the ante- 

rior and posterior horns; a short distance posterior to the anterior 

end there is an oblique fold on the inner lip. 


No. 810). It measures: Length, 19.5 mm.; diameter, 8.1 mm. 

Family CYPRAEIDAE. 

Genus CYPRAEA Linnaeus. 

CYPRAEA CAPENSIS Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 18174, U.S.N.M., one from Natal. Cat. No. 75565, 

U.S.N .M., three from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 77266, U.S.N .M., 

two collected by E. R. Mayo at the same place. Cat. No. 77712, 

U.S.N.M., two from Cape of Good Hope. Cat No. 97980, U.S.N.M., 

six from Kleinemond, Albany. Cat. No. 186796, U.S.N.M., one 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 161). Cat, No. 250318, U.S.N.M., one 

specimen from the same source (Coll. No. 1191). Cat No. 250322, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 1195.) 

Cat. No. 272122, U.S.N.M., four from Port Elizabeth.


CYPRAEA SIMILIS Gray. 

Cat. No. 220121, U.S.N .M., one specimen from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 249661, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 933). 

CYPRAEA VITELLUS Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 250317, U.S.N.M., contains a badly worn specimen from 


CYPRAEA, species? 


Alfred which I am unable to identify positively (Coll. No. 1193). 

CYPRAEA EDENTULA Gray. 

Cat. No. 43162, U.S.N .M., two from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

75564, U.S.N.M., four from the same locality. Cat. No. 77709, 

U.S.N.M., two fr&m the same place. Cat. No. 97977, U.S.N.M., five 

from Kleinemond, Albany. Cat. No. 97978, U.S.N.M., seven from 

the mouth of Fish River. Cat. No. 97979, U.S.N .M., two- from 

Kleinemond, Albany. Cat. No. 186795, U.S.N.M., two from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 159.) Cat. No. 250319, U.S.N.M., contains another 

specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1192). Cat. No. 272123, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from South Africa. Cat. No. 272125, 

U.S.N.M., four from Port Elizabeth. 

CYPRAEA CITRINA Gray. 


No. 158). Cat. No. 186978, U.S.N.M., one from the same source (Coll. 

No. 510). 

CYPRAEA ALGOENSIS Gray. 




CYPRAEA OVULA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 18455, U.S.N.M., one from R.D. Darbishire, collected in 

Natal. Cat. No. 43157, U.S.N.M., three from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 77717, U.S.N .M., two from the same place. Cat. No. 

186976, U.S.N.M., three from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 508). 

CYPRAEA FIMBRIATA Gmelin. 

Cat. No. 249660, U.S.N .M., contains a specimen from Port Alfred 

Coll. No. 932.


Family TRIVIIDAE. 

Genus TRIVIA Gray. 

TRIVIA ONISCUS Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 75566, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 97981, U.S.N .M., ten specimens from Albany coast, South 

Africa. Cat. No. 128415, U.S.N .M., one collected by Warren, at Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186797, U.S.N .M., one specimen from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 162). Cat. No. 253739, U.S.'N.M., one from Algoa 

Bay. Cat. No. 272124, U.S.N. M., three specimens from Port 

Elizabeth. 

TRIVIA FORMOSA Gaskoin. 

Cat. No. 186799, U.S.N .M., two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 164). 

TRIVIA VESICULARIS Gaskoin? 

. Cat. No. 186798, U.S.N .M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 163). 

TRIVIA PELLUCIDULA Gaskoin. 

Cat. No. 186800, U.S.N .M., two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 165). 

Family TRIPHOMDAE. 

Genus TRIPHORIS Deshayes. 

TRIPHORIS ATEA, new species. 


Shell rather large, wax yellow. Nuclear whorls decollated, except 

the last turn which is smooth. Postnuclear whorls almost flattened, 

slightly shouldered at the summit, marked by strong, rounded, 

slightly protractive axial ribs, which are interrupted by a deep spiral 

sulcus at the anterior extremity of the posterior two-thirds of the 

ribs, which lends them the appearance of so many exclamation points. 

Of these ribs, 16 occur upon the first to third, 18 upon the fourth, 20 

upon the fifth, 22 upon the sixth and seventh, and 26 upon the remaining 

whorls. The ribs are abruptly truncated at the anterior 

termination of the sulcus and slopingly so at the posterior. In 

addition to the above sculpture, there appears in- the suture of each 

turn, an almost smooth, strong spiral cord, which on the last turn, 

forms the peripheral cord, to which the axial ribs extend feebly. 

Base very short, slightly concave, marked by three equal and equally 

spaced spiral cords which occupy the space between the peripheral 

cord and the insertion of the columella. The spaces which separate 

these cords are a little less wide than the cords. Aperture decidedly 

channeled anteriorly and less strongly so posteriorly; outer lip ren-


dered sinuous by the external sculpture, translucent, showing the 

external sculpture within; columella covered by a thick callus which 

is reflected over the parietal wall and renders the peritreme com- 

plete. 


No. 1223). It has 11^ whorls and measures: Length, 12 mm.; diameter, 

3.5 mm. 

TRIPHORIS CONVEXA Smith. 


No. 171). Cat, No. 227724, U.S.N.M., four specimens from the same 

source (Coll. No. 819). Cat, No. 227725, U. S.N.M., four specimens 

also from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 820). 

TRIPHORIS, species ? 

Cat, No. 250347, U.S.N.M., contains a young individual of a pure 

white species from Port Alfred, which differs from any of the known 

species, but is too young to serve for a diagnosis. (Coll. No. 1220). 

TRIPHORIS HELENA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, bluish white. Nuclear whorls almost four; 

the first third of a turn smooth, the succeeding marked by two strong, 

lamellar spiral cords, the first of which is at the summit and the second 

about as far above the suture as it is separated from the first. Post- 

nuclear whorls strongly rounded, ornamented with three strong, sub- 

lamellar spiral cords which are feebly tuberculated. The first of these 

cords is at the summit, the third about as far above the suture as it is 

separated from the median, while the median occupies the space midway 

between the other two. In addition to these spiral cords, the whorls 

are marked by about 20 obsolete, broad riblets which render the 

spiral cords feebly tuberculated. In addition to the above sculp- 

ture, the entire surface is marked with fine lines of growth and micro- 

scopic, spiral striations. Suture channeled. Periphery of the last 

whorl marked by a broad spiral sulcus which is equal to the sulcus 

separating the supraperipheral cord from the median cord. This 

sulcus is bound anteriorly by a cord equal to those on the spire, a 

second feeble spiral cord- is situated at the insertion of the columella, 

the space between these two being a broad, concave area. Aperture 

decidedly channeled anteriorly, feebly so posteriorly; outer lip thin, 

showing the external sculpture within, rendered sinuous at the edge 

by the external sculpture; columella stout, covered with a, strong 

callus which extends over the parietal wall and renders the peritreme 

complete. 

Cat. No. 250348, U.S.N.M., contains the nuclear tip of a young specimen, 

and an adult specimen, minus the nucleus. These may be con- 

m


sidered cotypes. They come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1221). The 

young specimen has seven postnuclear whorls, and measures 

Length, 5.1 mm.; diameter, 2 mm. The adult specimen has lost the 

nuclear turns; the 12 postnuclear turns measure: Length, 8.6 mm.; 

diameter, 2.4 mm. Cat. No. 249676, U.S.N.M., contains another 

specimen from the same place (Coll. No. 948). Cat, No. 250349, 

U.S.N.M., contains the nuclear tip of another specimen from the 

same locality (Coll. No. 1222). 

TRIPHORIS FUSCOMACULATA Smith. 

Four lots of these specimens are in the collection of the United 

States National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat, No. 186806, 


(Coll. No. 813). Cat, No. 227723, two specimens (Coll. No. 818). 

Cat. No. 249684, two specimens (Coll. No. 956). 

TRIPHORIS SMITHI, new species. 


Shell very elongate-conic; yellowish white; irregularly flecked with 

blotches and streaks of pale brown. Nuclear whorls partly decol- 

lated. The first of the remaining turns is a little larger than the suc- 

ceeding and is smooth. The three following volutions increase very 

gently in size and are marked by two strong spiral cords, of which 

the first is at the summit and the second some little distance above 

the periphery, the space between the two, which is deeply concaved, 

being about twice as wide as either of the keels. Postnuclear whorls 

moderately rounded, ornamented with three strong spiral cords of 

which the median is a little stronger than the other two. The first of 

these is at the summit and the third a little above the suture. The 

sulci separating the median from the other two cords are equal to the 

median cord in width. In addition to the spiral sculpture, the 

whorls are marked by axial ribs which are about half as strong as the 

spiral cords. Of these ribs, 16 occur upon the first, 18 upon the sec- 

ond, 20 upon the third and fourth, 21 upon the fifth, 22 upon the 

sixth, and 24 upon the remaining turns. The junction of the axial 

ribs and the spiral cords form feeble tubercles. Sutures feebly 

impressed, scarcely differentiated from the sulci between the spiral 

cords. Periphery of the last whorl rendered angular by a strong 

spiral cord; the sulcus between which and the cords adjacent to it 

posteriorly, is crossed by the continuations of the axial ribs. Base 

very short and slightly rounded, marked by two spiral cords which 

are less strong than the peripheral one, separated by deep spiral 

grooves. Aperture moderately large, channeled anteriorly and pos- 

teriorly; outer lip forming a decided angle at the junction with the 

basal lip, rendered decidedly wavy at the edge by the external sculp- 

:


ture; inner lip appressed to and reflected over the short base; parietal 

wall covered by a thin callus. 

Cat. No. 227719, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 814), contains three specimens 

from Port Alfred. Two of these are cotypes; one, a young 

individual of 1 1 postnuclear whorls, has served for our description of 

the nucleus and the early postnuclear whorls. This measures: 

Length, 7 mm.; diameter, 2.2 mm. The other, an adult individual 

having lost the nucleus and probably the first four postnuclear turns, 

retaining the last 13 whorls, measures: Length, 13 mm.; diameter, 

3 mm. Cat. No. 227720, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 815) two specimens 

from the same locality. 

TRIPHORIS ELSA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, bluish white. Nuclear whorls decollated, 

the last turn only remaining, which is smooth. Postnuclear whorls 

moderately rounded, marked by three spiral cords, of which the 

first is a little anterior to the summit, while the third is as far above 

the suture as it is separated from the median. The median occupies a 

position half way between the other two. In addition to these 

spiral cords, the whorls are marked by slightly protractive, moder- 

ately strong, rounded axial ribs, of which 18 occur upon all but the 

last two whorls, which have 20. The junction of the axial ribs and 

the spiral cords form rounded nodules, which have the long axis 

parallel to the spiral sculpture. These nodules are well rounded on 

the posterior cord, while on the median cord they are truncated 

anteriorly and posteriorly, a little more abruptly anteriorly than 

posteriorly. On the third cord they are truncated posteriorly and 

sloped gently anteriorly. The spaces inclosed between the cords 

form shallow, rectangular pits. The summit of the whorls falls a 

little anterior to the peripheral cord and allows this to be apparent 

in all the sutures. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a strong 

cord, which is separated from the first supra-peripheral cord by a 

sulcus as wide as that which separates those from the median cord. 

This sulcus, like the other, is crossed by continuations of the axial 

ribs, which terminate at the posterior edge of the peripheral cord. 

Base concave, marked by a slender, spiral cord immediately adja- 

cent to the peripheral cord. In addition to the above sculpture the 

entire surface of the shell is marked by fine lines of growth and 

microscopic spiral striations. Aperture channeled anteriorly; outer 

lip thin, showing the external sculpture within and rendered sinuous 

by the external sculpture at the edge; columella stout, curved, 

covered by a thin callus, which extends over the parietal wall. 

Cat. No. 249678, U.S.N.M., contains two adolescent shells of this 

species, one of which is the type. They are from Port Alfred (Coll. 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 8


No. 950). The type has lost the early nuclear whorls, the last one 

only remaining. In addition to that it has a little more than 10 

post-nuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 9.5 mm.; diameter, 

3.1 mm. 

TR1PHORIS SHEPSTONENSIS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186804, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 170). Cat. No. 227716, U.S.N.M., six specimens from 

the same locality (Coll. No. 811). Cat. No. 250351, U.S.N.M., another 

specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1224). 

TRIPHORlS MILDA, new species. 

Plate 11, fig-. 3. 

Shell elongate-conic, light brown. Nuclear whorls decollated. 

Post-nuclear whorls tabulatedly shouldered at the summit, flattened, 

marked by three strong, tuberculated spiral cords, of which the first 

is at the summit, the second halfway between this and the last, the 

latter being about as far above the suture as it is distant from the 

median. In addition to the spiral cords the whorls are marked by 

rather strong, broad, almost vertical axial ribs, of which 14 occur 

upon the first and second, 16 upon the third, 20 upon the fourth and 

fifth, 22 upon the sixth to ninth, 26 upon the tenth, 24 upon the 

eleventh, 26 upon the twelfth, and 28 upon the thirteenth and the 

penultimate turn. The junctions of the axial ribs and the spiral 

cords form strong tubercles, of which those on the first cord are 

truncated anteriorly, forming a decidedly channeled, crenulated 

suture. These tubercles are of oval outline, having then long axis 

parallel with the ribs. The tubercles of the median cord are almost 

rounded, truncated posteriorly, and slope gently anteriorly. Those 

of the supra-sutural cord are smaller than the rest and a little more 

strongly truncated posteriorly, sloping abruptly anteriorly. The 

spaces inclosed between the axial ribs and peripheral cords are well 

rounded, strongly impressed pits. Sutures strongly channeled, showing 

a portion of the first basal cord. Periphery of the last whorl 

marked by a sulcus, which is crossed by the continuations of the axial 

ribs and is about as wide as the sulcus on the spire. Base well rounded, 

marked by three strong spiral cords, which divide the posterior 

half of the base, that is, the space between the peripheral sulcus 

and the insertion of the columella, into equal portions. These 

three cords become diminished in strength in regular sequence from 

the one adjacent to the periphery to the one on the columella. The 

entire surface of the shell is marked by exceedingly fine lines of 

growth and microscopic spiral striations. Aperture strongly chan- 

neled anteriorly, less so posteriorly; junction of the basal and outer 

lip forming a decided angle that projects as a claw-like element; 

outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within; columella short, 

stout, curved, marked by a thick callus which extends over the 

parietal wall and renders the peritreme complete.



from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 957). The type has 13$ postnuclear 

whorls, and measures: Length, 9.6 mm.; diameter, 3 mm. 

TRIPHORIS OREADA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, flesh colored. Nuclear whorls decollated, ex- 

cepting a very small portion of the last turn, which is smooth. Post- 

nuclear turns marked by three lamellar, spiral keels, which are very 

feebly tuberculated. Of these keels the first is at the summit and the 

last about as far above the suture as it is from the median, which is half 

way between the other two. These spiral lamellae are truncated 

abruptly anteriorly and posteriorly and are somewhat flattened at the 

summit and are about as wide as the spaces that separate them. In 

addition to the spiral lamellae, the whorls are marked by numerous, 

feeble, slightly retractive axial ribs, which are best developed in the 

grooves between the spiral lamellae, passing up on the sides of these 

and rendering them weakly nodulous on the two sides. Of these ribs, 

about 20 occur upon the first' to third, 22 upon the fourth to sixth, 

24 upon the seventh, 26 upon the eighth, 28 upon the ninth to eleventh 

and 30 upon the penultimate turn. The spaces inclosed between the 

spiral lamellae and the axial riblets are squarish, weakly impressed 

pits. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a spiral cord a little 

weaker than the lamellae on the spire and separated from the supra- 

peripheral cord by a sulcus about as wide as those on the spire, which is 

crossed by the feeble continuations of the axial riblets. Base provided 

with another spiral cord which is half way between the peripheral cord 

and the insertion of the columella. Aperture very strongly twisted 

and channeled anteriorly, slightly less so posteriorly; outer lip patulous, 

thin, showing the external sculpture within; columella very 

much twisted and curved, covered with a thick callus which also extends 

over the parietal wall and renders the peritreme complete. 

Cat. No. 249682, U.S.N.M., contains the type and another specimen, 

both from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 954). The type has 13 whorls, 

and measures: Length, 8.8 mm.; diameter, 2.1 mm. 

TRIPHORIS, species? 

Cat. No. 187045, U.S.N.M., contains a young, broadly conic, brown 

species, from Port Alfred, which differs from any of the other material 

we have seen from South Africa, but is too young to be positvely determined 

(Cat. No. 583). 

TRIPHORIS AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, light chestnut brown, except the nucleus 

and the early post-nuclear whorls which are wax yellow, with the


posterior row of tubercles on each turn flesh colored. Nuclear 

whorls 3^, the first half smooth, the remainder marked by two slender 

spiral threads, which are placed anterior and posterior to the middle 

of the whorls, leaving a narrow space between them about one-half 

the width of that between the summit and the first spiral thread 

below it. In addition to the spiral threads, these whorls are marked 

with slender axial riblets, which curve strongly, retractively from the 

summit to the first spiral thread, crossing the space between the two 

spiral threads in a straight, retractive line, then continuing over the 

anterior portion of the wall in a slightly curved, protractive manner. 

These riblets are very feeble on all but the last nuclear whorl, on 

which they are much stronger. On this there are 34. Postnuclear 

whorls flattened. The first four are marked with two strong spiral 

cords, of which one is immediately below the shouldered summit, 

while the other is a little above the suture. Beginning with the fifth, 

a slender spiral cord makes its appearance half way between the other 

two. This increases rapidly in size and on the seventh is equal to 

the others. In addition to this spiral structure, the whorls are 

marked with strong axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first, 18 

upon the second to sixth, 20 upon the seventh to ninth, and 22 upon 

the penultimate turn. On the first four whorls, the junction of the 

axial ribs and spiral cords form strong, rounded tubercles on the cord 

at the summit, while at the anterior cord the tubercles are truncated 

posteriorly and slope gently anteriorly, the whole having a somewhat 

dumbbell shape. On the remaining cords the same structure 

applies to the shape of the tubercles of the first and third cords, 

while on the median cord of the fourth and fifth whorls the tubercles 

are elongate-oval, having their own axes parallel with the spiral 

sculpture. On the remaining cords, the tubercles and the median 

cords resemble those of the supraperipheral cord. The spaces 

inclosed between the spiral cords and the axial ribs are large, well 

impressed, squarish pits on the first four turns, while on the remain- 

ing turns they appear as rounded pits. Sutures strongly impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl marked by a smooth spiral cord, which is 

separated from the supraperipheral cord by a groove about as wide 

as that which separates the supraperipheral cord from its posterior 

neighbor, and crossed by the continuations of the axial riblets which 

terminate at the posterior border of the peripheral keel. Base 

moderately long, well rounded, marked by three, strong, broad, low, 

rounded, equally spaced, spiral cords, which are separated by narrow, 

rounded, impressed channels. The last one of these is partly upon 

the columella. Aperture irregular, decidedly channeled anteriorly; 

posterior angle obtuse; outer lip rendered sinuous and irregular by 

the external sculpture; columella covered with a very thick callus 

which is reflected over the base and extends over the parietal wall.

SOUTH AFRICAN" MARINE MOLLTJSKS. 105 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 186804a, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 170). The type has 13* whorls, and 

measures: Length, 5 mm.; diameter, 1.7 mm. Cat. No. 227717, 

U.S.N.M., contains six specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 

812). Cat. No. 249679, U.S.N.M., one specimen from same locality 

(Coll. No. 951). 

TRIPHORIS CAPENSIS, new species. 


Shell very elongate-ovate, white. Nuclear whorls decollated 

Postnuclear whorls flattened, the first two marked by two strong 

spiral cords, of which the first is at the summit, and the second a 

little nearer the suture than to the one at the summit. Beginning 

with the second whorl, a slender spiral cord appears between the other 

two, which increases rapidly in size obtaining almost the strength of 

the other two on the last volution. In addition to these spiral cords, 

the whorls are marked with well rounded, almost vertical, straight, 

axial ribs, of which 14 occur upon the first, 18 upon the second to fifth, 

20 upon the sixth, and 22 upon the penultimate turn. The junctions 

of the axial ribs and the spiral cord form low tubercules, while the 

spaces inclosed between them appear as deep squarish pits. Sutures 

strongly coustricted. Periphery of the last whorl angulated, marked 

by a strong spiral cord which is feebly tuberculated. Base moder- 

ately long, the posterior half provided with two equal and equally 

spaced, spiral cords, while the anterior portion appears as a strongly 

tumid area. Aperture decidedly irregular, strongly channeled 

anteriorly; posterior angle decidedly channeled; outer lip thin, 

decidedly curved and very strongly produced anteriorly; the 

portion facing the columella is pinched in and so curved as to almost 

touch the columella, leaving only a very narrow slit between it and the 

columella; parietal wall covered with a very thick callus. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 187044, U.S.N.M., were 

collected at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 582). The type has eight postnuclear 

whorls, and measures: Length, 5.1 mm. ; diameter, 2 mm. 

TRIPHORIS MADRIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls large, forming a rather 

bulbous apex on the shell. The first turn smooth, the following 

encircled by three smooth, spiral bands. The second turn is larger 

in diameter than the two succeeding. Post-nuclear whorls moderately 

rounded, ornamented with three spiral cords, of which the one 

at the summit is a little weaker on the early whorls than on the rest. 

The third cord is about as far from the suture as it is from the median, 

while the median cord occupies a position halfway between the other 

two. The sulci separating the spiral cords are a little wider than the 

cords. In addition to the spiral cords the whorls are marked by


poorly separated, low, rounded, slightly protractive, axial ribs, of 

which 16 occur upon the first and second, 18 upon the third, 20 upon 

the fourth to sixth, and 24 upon the penultimate whorl. The 

junction of these ribs and the spiral cords form poorly defined tuber- 

cles. Those on the first cord being very illdefined and oval, while 

those on the median cord are oval and truncated anteriorly and 

posteriorly, having the long axis parallel with the spiral sculpture, 

appearing like a series of strung beads. Those of the anterior cord 

are truncated posteriorly and are well rounded anteriorly. Sutures 

channeled, a little more strongly so than the space between the spiral 

cords of the spire. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a spiral 

sidcus about as wide as the sulci on the spire and like those crossed 

by the continuation of the axial ribs which terminate at the posterior 

edge of the first basal cord. Base moderately rounded, marked by 

four spiral cords which grow successively weaker from the first, im- 

mediately below the periphery, to the last, which is on the base of 

the columella. In addition to this sculpture, the entire surface is 

marked by exceedingly fine lines of growth and microscopic, spiral 

striations. Aperture rather large, decidedly channeled anteriorly, less 

so posteriorly, patulous at the junction of the outer and basal lip; 

outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within and rendered 

sinuous at the edge by the external sculpture; columella covered by 

a thick callus, which is reflected over the parietal wall and renders 

the peritreme complete. 

The type, and another specimen, Cat. No. 249677, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 949a). The type is a perfect specimen 

having the four nuclear turns and eight postnuclear whorls, and 

measures: Length, 6.5 mm.; diameter, 2 mm. 


Cat. No. 249677, U.S.N.M., contains a pure white specimen, recalling 

strongly in sculpture TripJioris milda, but it is of a much 

smaller species with four basal keels; it is not quite adult and we 

refrain from describing it for the present till better material may 

be had. It comes from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 949a). 

TRIPHORIS SABITA, new species? 


Shell small, elongate-conic, ovate, light brown, excepting the 

tips of the tubercles which are flesh colored. The extreme tip 

of the shell is wax-yellow and the outer lip is white. Nuclear whorls 

a little more than two, the first smooth, the second finely transversely 

ribbed, the riblets having slender nodules, the first of which 

is near the summit, the other immediately above the suture. Postnuclear 

whorls moderately rounded, the first two ornamented by two 

nodulose, spiral cords, the first of which is at the summit and the


second at some little distance posterior to the suture. Beginning 

with the thud whorl, a slender, spiral thread makes its appearance 

half way between the two strong cords ; this increases steadily in size 

and on the last turn it bears nodules almost as strong as those of the 

other two cords. In addition to the spiral sculpture, the whorls are 

marked by slender, vertical, axial ribs, the junction of which with 

the spiral cords render them tuberculated. Of these ribs, 20 occur 

upon all but the last, which turn has 22. The spaces inclosed 

between the axial ribs and the spiral cords form well impressed pits. 

The tubercles of the cord. at the summit are strongly rounded; those 

of the median cord are merely thickened lines at the junction on the 

first two whorls where they occur, while on the last, they are oval, 

their long axis coinciding with the spiral cord. Those of the third 

cord are truncated posteriorly, sloping gently anteriorly. Sutures a 

little broader than the sulci between the spiral cords. Periphery of 

the last whorl marked by a spiral sulcus which is about as broad as 

the one separating the supraperipheral from the median cord on the 

last whorl. Base well rounded, marked by two spiral cords, the first 

of which is immediately below the periphery, the second half way 

between this and the insertion of the columella. In addition to the 

above mentioned sculpture, the entire surface of the shell is marked 

by fine lines of growth and microscopic, spiral striations. Aperture 

strongly channeled anteriorly, feebly so posteriorly, decidedly 

patulous at the junction of the outer and basal lip; outer lip thin, 

showing the external sculpture within and rendered sinuous at the 

edge by this sculpture; columella short, very stout, covered on its 

inner edge by a strong callus which is reflected over the parietal 

wall and renders the peritreme complete. 


Alfred (Coll. No. 952). One of these, the type, has six postnuclear 



Cat. No. 250353, U.S.N.M., contains the tip of a dusky cylindric 

species, which we are unable to identify, from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 1226). 

TRIPHORIS FUSCESCENS Smith. 

The United States National Museum contains four lots of this 

species from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 186808, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 174). Cat. No. 220061, one specimen (Coll. No. 173a). 


two specimens (Coll. No. 946). 

TRIPHORIS CEREA Smith. 


Alfred (Coll. No. 953).


TRIPHORIS NINA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, light chestnut brown, excepting the tuber- 

cles of the cord at the summit on each turn, which have a purplish 

tinge. (Nuclear whorls decollated. ) Postnuclear whorls very slightly 

rounded, ornamented on the first four turns by two spiral tuber- 

culated cords, one of which is at the summit and the tubercles of the 

other slope to the suture. Beginning with the fifth turn, a slender 

spiral thread makes its appearance half way between the two, 

which increases rapidly in size and assumes tubercles on the follow- 

ing turns. On the seventh turn, another spiral thread makes its 

appearance half way between the median and basal cord. This 

likewise increases in size, and on the last three turns the tubercles 

of these two cords are a*s strong as those of the first and fourth. 

In addition to the spiral cords the whorls are marked by low, rather 

broad, feeble, axial ribs, of which 16 occur upon the first to third, 

18 upon the fourth and fifth, 20 upon the sixth to eighth, 22 upon 

the ninth, and 24 upon the last turn. These ribs are moderately 

protractive on the first five turns and become very strongly so on 

the last. The junction of the axial ribs and the spiral cords form 

moderately strong tubercles, which are oval on the first two cords, 

having their long axis parallel with that of the spiral sculpture. 

On the last two cords they are truncated anteriorly, sloping gently 

posteriorly. The spaces inclosed between the axial ribs and spiral 

cords are shallow, oval pits. Sutures channeled. Periphery of the 

last whorl marked by a sulcus as strong as those of the spire, and 

like those, crossed by the continuation of the axial ribs. Base well 

roimded, marked by three subequal spiral cords, which divide the 

space below the periphery and the insertion of the columella, into 

equal areas. Aperture decidedly channeled anteriorly; outer lip 

(fractured) ; columella short, stout, twisted, covered with a thick 

callus which extends over the parietal wall. 


(Coll. No. 1225), it has lost the nucleus and probably the first post- 

nuclear turn; the 10J remaining measure: Length, 5 mm.; diameter, 

1.5 mm. 

TRIPHORIS IMA, new species. 


Shell large, yellowish white, spotted and blotched with very light 

chestnut brown. (Nuclear whorls decollated in all our specimens.) 

Postnuclear whorls flattened, marked with four strong, flattened, 

spiral keels which are about as wide as the deep grooves which sepa- 

rate them. The first of these keels is at the summit and is a little 

wider than the other three. The space separating this from its


neighbor is also a little wider than the other spaces. The spiral 

grooves are crossed by numerous, very slender, somewhat irregularly 

spaced, axial threads. Sutures strongly constricted, usually showing 

the peripheral cord. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a strong 

cord which is separated from the supraperipheral cord by a groove as 

wide as that which separates this from its posterior neighbor. Base 

short, slightly rounded, marked by two low, broad, spiral cords which 

divide the space between the insertion of the columella and the 

peripheral cord equally, the spaces separating them being about equal 

to the cords in width and crossed by numerous, very slender, raised, 

axial threads. Aperture (fractured in all our specimens) strongly 

channeled anteriorly; outer lip rendered sinuous by the external 

sculpture; columella almost straight, strongly reflected over the 

reinforcing base, a callus extending over the parietal wall. 

The type consists of the seven last whorls, which measure: Length, 

9.5 mm.; diameter, 3 mm. It and another specimen, Cat. No. 1S6807 

U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Col. No. 173). The second specimen 

shows an intercalated spiral cord between the second and third 

keel and another between the third and fourth, almost equaling the 

keels in strength on the last volution. 

Three additional lots, all from Port Alfred, are in the collection of 

the United States National Museum. Cat. No. 227722, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 817). Cat. No. 249683, two specimens (Coll. No. 

955). Cat. No. 249675, two specimens (Coll. No. 947). 

Family CERITHIOPSIDAE. 

Genus CERITHIOPSIS Forbes and Hanley. 

CERITHIOPSIS (CERITHIOPSIS) ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, light chestnut brown, with the early whorls 

wax-yellow. (Nuclear whorls decollated, the last one only remaining, 

which is smooth.) Postnuclear whorls almost flattened, marked 

with three strong spiral cords of which the first is at the summit, while 

the third is about as far above the suture as it is separated from the 

median. The latter is about halfway between the first and third. 

The spaces between the spiral cords are about as wide as the cords. 

In addition to the spiral sculpture, the whorls are marked by axial 

ribs which are almost as strong as the spiral cords. Of these ribs, 18 

occur upon the first to fifth, 20 upon the sixth, 22 upon the seventh, 

24 upon the eighth and the penultimate turn. The junction of the 

axial ribs and the spiral cords form prominent tubercles which are 

truncated posteriorly and slope gently anteriorly. The spaces 

inclosed between the axial ribs and spiral cords are well rounded,


strongly impressed pits. Sutures strongly impressed. Periphery 

of the last whorl marked by a strong spiral cord, which is separated 

from the first supraperipheral cord by a groove about as wide as those 

separating the cords on the spire, and, like these, is crossed by the 

continuations of the axial ribs, which terminate at the posterior bor- 

der of the peripheral cord. Base moderately long, somewhat irregu- 

lar, the peripheral cord extending over one-third of the base, while a 

strong spiral cord encircles the columella at its insertion, the space 

between this and the peripheral cord being a very deeply impressed, 

broad, spiral groove. Anterior to the cord marking the insertion of 

the columella, there is another deeply incised, broad, spiral groove. 

Aperture irregular, decidedly channeled anteriorly; posterior angle 

channeled ; 

outer 

lip irregular, sinuous ; columella strong, curved and 

reflected over and appressed to the base; parietal wall covered by a 

thick callus which connects the columella with the posterior angle 

of the aperture. 

The type, Cat. No. 186803, U.S.N.M., was collected at Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 169) . It has 10 postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 

5 mm. ; diameter, 1.5 mm. Three additional lots are in the collection 

of the United States National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat. 

No. 227727, two specimens (Coll. No. 822). Cat. No. 249692, one 

specimen (Coll. No. 964). Cat. No. 250355, one specimen (Coll. 

No. 1228). 

CERITHIOPSIS (CERITHIOPSIS) EXQUISITA Sowerby. 


No. 821). Another specimen, Cat. No. 250359, U.S.N.M., also comes 


CERITHIOPSIS ERNA, new species. 


Shell very light chestnut brown. (Nuclear whorls decollated.) 

Postnuclear whorls very slightly rounded; marked by three tubercu- 

lated spiral cords, of which the first is at the smnmit which it renders 

shouldered, while the last is a little posterior to the periphery, and the 

second, midway between the two. In addition to the spiral cords, 

the whorls are marked by somewhat protractive axial ribs which 

almost equal the spiral cords in strength. The junctions of the 

axial ribs and the spiral cords form nodules, while the spaces in- 

closed between them appear as strongly impressed, squarish pits. 

The nodules on the cord at the summit are well rounded, those 

on the middle cord are truncated posteriorly, sloping gently ante- 

riorly, which is also the case on the thud cord, but here the nodules 

are even more abruptly truncated than on the median cord. Of 

the axial ribs, 18 occur upon the first to fourth, 20 upon the fifth, 22 

upon the sixth and seventh, and 24 upon the penultimate turn. In

SOUTH AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. Ill 

addition to the above sculpture, the spire is marked by exceedingly 

fine lines of growth and microscopic spiral striations. Sutures 

channeled. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a spiral sulcus 

as broad as the one posterior to the suprasutural cord and, like that, 

crossed by the axial ribs, which terminate at its posterior margin. 

Base short, marked by two spiral cords which are of equal strength 

and confined to the posterior half of the base. The anterior half of 

the base between the last cord and the insertion of the columella is 

slightly concave in the adolescent shell. Aperture subquadrate, 

decidedly channeled anteriorly; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip 

rendered sinuous by the sculpture; columella stout; parietal wall 



from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1227). The t}^pe, which is an adolescent 

specimen, has eight and a half postnuclear whorls and measures: 

Length, 4.5 mm.; diameter. 1.5 mm. Cat. No. 250357, U.S.N.M., 

contains another specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 1230). 

CERITHIOPSIS (CERITHIOPSIS) NINA, new species. 


Shell very small, light chestnut brown. Nuclear whorls smooth, 

forming the slender, mucronate apex of the shell. Postnuclear whorls 

slightly shouldered at the summit, moderately rounded, marked by 

three spiral cords, of which the first is at the summit, the third about 

as far posterior to the suture as it is separated from its neighbor posteriorly. 

In addition to the spiral sculpture, the whorls are marked 

by strong axial ribs which equal the spiral sculpture in strength. 

The junctions of the axial ribs and the spiral cords form tubercules, 

while the spaces inclosed between them form well impressed, squarish 

pits. The tubercles of the cord at the summit are slightly truncated 

posteriorly, and slope gently anteriorly; those of the succeeding two 

cords are abruptly truncated posteriorly, sloping gently anteriorly. 

Of the axial ribs, 18 occur upon all the whorls except the penultimate, 

on which there are 20. Sutures moderately constricted. 

Periphery of the last whorl marked b} r a strong spiral cord, the space 

between it and the suprasutural cord being crossed by the continua- 

tion of the axial. ribs which terminate at the posterior edge of the 

peripheral cord. Base slightly concave, with a spiral cord at the 

insertion of the columella. Aperture strongly channeled anteriorly, 

almost circular; outer lip thin; columella covered with a thick callus 

which is reflected over the parietal wall and connects this with the 

posterior angle of the aperture, rendering the peristome complete. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1231). The type has almost five postnuclear 

whorls, and measures: Length, 1.9 mm.; diameter, 0.7 mm.


CERITHIOPSIS (CERITHIOPSIS) NISABA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, light chestnut brown, with the peripheral 

cord darker. (Nuclear whorls decollated, except a portion of the last 

turn, which is smooth. ) Postnuclear whorls shouldered at the sum- 

mit, moderately rounded, marked by three spiral cords, of which the 

first is at the summit, while the third is about as far posterior to the 

suture as it is distant from the median cord; the median cord is midway 

between the other two. In addition to the spiral cords, the 

whorls are marked by axial ribs almost as strong as the spiral cords. 

Of these ribs, 16 occur upon the first to third, 18 upon the fourth to 

sixth, 20 upon the seventh, and 22 upon the penultimate turn. The 

junction of the axial ribs and the spiral cords, form tubercles, while 

the spaces inclosed between them appear as well impressed, rounded 

pits. The tubercles on the cords at the summit are well rounded, 

those on the other two cords are truncated posteriorly, sloping gently 

anteriorly. Sutures channeled. Periphery marked by a very strong, 

smooth, spiral cord, the space between which, and the suprasutural 

cord, is crossed by the continuation of the axial ribs. Base moderately 

long, moderately rounded, marked by a strong spiral cord at the 

insertion of the columella, Aperture decidedly channeled anteriorly, 

feebly so at the posterior angle, rounded; outer lip rendered sinuous 

by the external sculpture; columella very stout, covered on the inner 

edge by a thick callus which extends over the parietal wall, connect- 

ing with the outer lip at the posterior angle and rendering the peritreme 

complete. 

The type and the specimens, Cat. No. 249688, U.S.N.M., come from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 960). The type has a portion of the last 

nuclear whorl and a little more than eight postnuclear turns and 

measures: Length, 3.4 mm.; diameter, 1.1 mm. Cat, No. 250360, 

U.S.N. M., contains another specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No'. 

1233). 

CERITHIOPSIS, species? 

Cat, No. 249691, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens from Port 

Alfred, of a short, light brown, oval species (Coll. No. 963). I can not 

identify these with any of the known forms, and they are too poor to 

serve for a diagnosis of a new species. 

CERITHIOPSIS ( CERITHIOPSIS 1 SABA, new species. 


Shell small, ovoid, chocolate brown, excepting the tubercles of the 

spiral cord at the summit, which are smoky white. A portion of 

the last nuclear turn only remains, which is white and smoky. Post- 

nuclear whorls well rounded, marked by three strong spiral cords, of


which the first is at the summit, while the third is about as far above 

the suture as it is distant from the cord adjacent to it posteriorly, 

median cord being a little nearer than that a little anterior to it. In 

addition to the spiral cords the whorls are marked by strong axial 

ribs, of which 18 occur upon all the whorls. The intersection of the 

spiral cords and the axial ribs, form very strong tubercles, while the 

spaces inclosed between them appear as well impressed, oval pits, 

the long axis of which coincides with the spiral sculpture. The 

tubercles of the cord at the summit are well rounded; those of the 

other two cords are truncated anteriorly, sloping posteriorly; those 

of the median cord a little less so than those of the suprasutural cord. 

Sutures strongly channeled. Periphery of the last whorl marked by 

a sulcus which is as strong as that between the median and the supra- 

sutural cord and like that crossed by the continuations of the axial 

ribs which extend over the cord anteriorly to the peripheral sulcus 

and renders this slightly tuberculated. Base marked by two spiral 

cords, the first immediately anterior to the peripheral sulcus, the 

other one occupying a position half way between this and the tip 

of the columella. Columella anterior to the second cord is crossed 

by several slender spiral threads. Aperture moderately large, de- 

cidedly channeled anteriorly; outer lip rendered sinuous by the 

external sculpture; inner edge of the columella covered with a thick 

callus which extends over the parietal wall, rendering the peritreme 

complete. 


(Coll. No. 962). It has six and a half postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


CERITHIOPSIS, species? 

Cat. No. 250356, U.S.N.M., contains a worn specimen from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 1229). This is different from any we know from 

the region, but is too poor to be described. 

Genus SEILA A. Adams. 

SEILA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell very elongate-conic, light chestnut brown, maculated with 

blotches and spots of white. Nuclear whorls three, smooth, well 

rounded, white, forming a bulbous apex, the first turn being the 

largest. Postnuclear whorls moderately rounded, ornamented with 

four strong, flattened, subequal and subequally spaced spiral cords, 

of which the first is at the shouldered summit, while the anterior 

portion of the last abuts the summit of the succeeding whorls. The 

spaces inclosed between these cords are about as wide as the cords


and are crossed by numerous slender, quite regular, and regularly 

spaced axial riblets, which extend up on the sides of the spiral cords, 

but do not cross their summit. In addition to these axial riblets, 

the grooves between the cords are marked with many very fine, in- 

cised, spiral lines. Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery of 

the last turn angulated, the angle being formed by the fourth spiral 

cord. Base short, well rounded, marked by two spiral grooves, one 

of which forms the boundary for the anterior keel between the 

sutures, and is crossed by slender axial riblets like the spiral grooves 

on the spire, while the other, which is less strong, limits the columella. 

The space between these two grooves is crossed by numerous, fine, 

spiral striatums and incremental lines. Aperture moderately large, 

subquadrate, decidedly channeled anteriorly. Posterior angle very 

obtuse; outer lip thick, rendered sinuous by the external spiral cords; 

columella short, strongly curved, and slightly reflected over the rein- 

forcing base; parietal wall glazed with a moderately strong callus. 

There are eight specimens of this species in the United States National 

Museum. Cat. No. 1S6802, collected at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

167). Two of these have served as cotypes, one having nuclear 

characters and the other showing the adult structures. Our figure 

is a composite one built upon these two specimens. The smaller of 

these two specimens has ten postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 8.5 mm.; diameter, 2.5 mm. The adult specimen, having 

lost the nuclear and the early whorls, has 10 whorls remaining, which 

measure: Length, 10 mm.; diameter, 3.1 mm. 

SEILA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell regularly elongate-conic, chestnut brown, a little lighter on 

the early whorls. (Nuclear whorls decollated) . Postnuclear whorls 

flattened, marked with strong flattened spiral keels, of which three 

occur upon all the whorls between the sutures. The first of these 

is a little anterior to the summit, leaving a somewhat concave shoulder 

at the summit; the last is an equal distance above the suture; while 

the second is midway between the two. These keels are separated 

by deep, concave grooves which are a little wider than the keels. 

In addition to these spiral keels, the whorls are marked by exceed- 

ingly fine, closely-spaced, axial, raised threads, which cross the 

deep grooves that separate the spiral keels, the sutures appearing 

like the grooves on the whorl. On the last three whorls the summit 

of the turns falls slightly anterior to the peripheral cord, which shows 

partly in the suture. Periphery of the last whorl decidedly angulated, 

marked by a cord a little less strong than those occurring upon 

the spire. Base moderately long, well rounded, marked by two 

spiral cords, of which the first is about as far anterior to the peripheral


cord as that is from the one posterior to it; while the second, which 

is considerably more slender, is a little posterior to the insertion of 

the columella, the insertion of the columella being marked by a 

strongly impressed groove. In addition to the above sculpture, 

the entire base is marked by numerous, very slender, raised axial 

threads and exceedingly fine, spiral, striations. Aperture subcir- 

cular, decidedly channeled anteriorly; posterior angle obtuse; outer 

lip thin, rendered sinuous by the spiral keels; columella short, strongly 

curved and reflected over and appressed to the base ; parietal wall 

covered with a thin callus. 

The type and three specimens of this species Cat. No. 187043, 

U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 581). The type has 

10 postnuclear whorls and measures: Length, 7.6 mm.; diameter, 2.2 

mm. The present species is much smaller than 8. alfredensis. In 

coloration it is uniform chestnut brown, while S. alfredensis is maculated. 

The axial sculpture consists of much finer and much more 

numerous raised threads in africana than in alfredensis. The base 

of the present species has two spiral cords, while in alfredensis we 

have two incised lines only. 

Two additional lots from Port Alfred are in the collection of the 

United States National Museum. Cat. No. 249686, 4 specimens 

(Coll. No. 958). Cat. No. 249687, 4 specimens (Coll. No. 959.) 

SEILA SMITHI, new species. 


Shell very slender, elongate-conic, light chestnut brown, the tip 

a little lighter. First half of the nuclear turns smooth, the succeeding 

two and a half, well rounded, marked by two spiral threads and 

numerous, fine axial riblets, which are best expressed near the summit. 

Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by strong, somewhat 

flattened, equal and equally spaced, sublamellar spiral cords, 

of which 5 occur between the sutures, the first being at the summit, 

which it renders shouldered, and the last at the suture. The sulci, 

between the cords, are a little wider than the cords and are crossed 

by exceedingly numerous, very slender, slightly retractive axial 

threads. Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the last 

whorl marked by a strong spiral cord, which appears in the suture 

of the preceding whorls and furnishes the fifth cord on the spire. 

Base short, slightly concave on the posterior half, marked by very 

slender spiral threads at the insertion of the columella and lines of 

growth only. Aperture strongly channeled anteriorly; posterior 

angle obtuse ; outer lip thin, rendered sinuous by the external sculp- 

ture, which shows through the substance of the outer lip; columella 

short, slightly curved, covered with a thin callus which extends up 

on the parietal wall.



(Coll. No. 1270). It has nine whorls, and measures: Length, 3.2 mm.; 


Genus EUMETA Morch. 

EUMETA BIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, white, subdiaphanous. Nuclear whorls 

almost three, inflated, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls 

slightly shouldered at the summit, well rounded, marked by three 

spiral cords, of which the first, which is at the summit, is a 

little less strong than the other two, the third is a little posterior to 

the suture, while the median is a little nearer the suprasutural cord 

than the one at the summit. In addition to the spiral cords, the 

whorls are marked by slender, almost vertical axial ribs, of which 

22 occur upon all the whorls but the last, which has 26. The junction 

of the axial ribs and spiral cords form very feeble nodules, while the 

spaces inclosed between them appear as squarish, well-impressed 

pits. In addition to the sculpture the entire surface of the spire is 

marked by fine lines of growth and exceedingly fine spiral striations 

Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl marked 

by a sulcus which is almost as wide as the sulcus separating the 

suprasutural cord from the median, and like this, it is crossed by the 

axial riblets. Base marked by a strong spiral cord bounding the 

peripheral sulcus, the rest is slightly concave and marked by feeble 

lines of growth and exceedingly fine spiral striations only. Aper- 

ture quite large, strongly channeled anteriorly; outer lip thin, rendered 

sinuous at the edge by the external sculpture which shows 

through the substance of the lip; columella stout, curved; parietal 


The type, Cat. No. 250367 U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1240). It is a young specimen having four postnuclear 

whorls only, and measures: Length, 2.7 mm.; diameter, 0.1 mm. 

Family CERITHIIDAE. 

Genus CERITHIUM Bruguiere. 

CERITHIUM CONTRACTUM Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 97995, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Albany, received 

from the Albany Museum. Cat. No. 186801, U.S.N.M., two specimens 


CERITHIUM VULGATUM Linnaeus. 


No. 579).


CERITHIUM CRASSILABRUM Krauss. 

Cat. No. 249689, U.S.N" .M., contains a specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 961). 

CERITHIUM (POTAMIDES) DECOLLATA Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 18603, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Natal. Cat. No. 

272132 U.S.N.M., four from Port Elizabeth. 

Family PLANAXIDAE. 

Genus PLANAXIS Lamarck. 

PLANAXIS PYRAMIDALIS Deshayes. 

Cat. No. 21804, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by Dunker at 

Algoa Bay. 

Family CAECIDAE. 

Genus CAECUM Fleming. 

CAECUM GLABRATUM Montagu. 




Family VERMETIDAE. 

Genus VERMICULARIA Lamarck. 

VERMICULARIA, species ? 

Cat. No. 187125, U.S.N.M., four worn specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 671). Cat. No. 250540, U.S.N.M., contains three addi- 

tional specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 1413). 

VERMICULARIA, species? 

Cat. No. 187120, U.S.N.M., four specimens of another species of 

Vermiculana, too fragmentary to be positively identified, from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 666). Cat. No. 227787, U.S.N.M., three specimens 


There are three lots of this species in the collection of the United 

States National Museum all from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 187124, four 

specimens (Coll. No. 670). Cat. No. 187127, one specimen (Coll. No. 

673). Cat. No. 250541, three specimens (Coll. No. 1414). 

Cat. No. 187122, U.S.N.M., two specimens of a fourth species from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 668) likewise too poor to be specifically deter- 

mined. Cat. No. 250539, U.S.N.M., contains two additional specimens 


Genus SILIQUARIA Bruguiere. 

SILIQUARIA (PYXIPOMA) WELDI Tenison-Woods. 


No. 665). 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 9


SILIQUARIA, species ? 

Five lots of another species of Siliquaria are in the collection of the 

United States National Museum, all from Port Alfred. We have 

been unable to identify these species. They are: Cat. No. 187149, 



Cat. No. 250522, one specimen (Coll. No. 1395). Cat. No. 250523 


Family TURRITELLIDAE. 

Genus TURRITELLA Lamarck. 

TURRITELLA PUNCTICULATA Sowerby. 


son on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False Bay, Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 250406, U.S.N.M., contains a young specimen 


TURRITELLA CARINIFERA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 187, U.S.N.M., four specimens collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Expiring Expedition at Simons Bay, Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 43015, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 77223, U.S.N.M., two specimens collected 

by Dr. Newcomb at Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186809, U.S.N.M., 

three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 175). Cat. No. 17246, 

U.S.N.M., three specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. 

TURRITELLA ANNULATA Kiener. 


No. 577). Cat. No. 250407, U.S.N.M., contains an additional specimen 


TURRITELLA STIMPSONI, new species. 


Shell very elongate-conic, yellowish white, streaked at irregular 

intervals with light brown. Nuclear whorls If, well rounded, 

smooth. Postnuclear whorls appressed at the summit, having two 

very strong spiral cords, the first of which is on the middle of the whorl, 

while the second is half way between this and the suture. A third 

slender thread is situated half way between the two cords and the 

suture. The portion of the shell between the summit and the first 

spiral keel forms a slightly concave shoulder, while the space between 

the two keels forms a deep, broad, concave channel, the space between 

the second keel and the suture being likewise somewhat concave. 

In addition to the above sculpture, the entire surface of the spire is 

marked with fine incremental lines and very fine, closely spaced, 

spiral striations. Periphery of the last whorl well angulated by a


spiral cord which is a little less strong than those occurring on the 

spire. Base short, almost flattened, marked with lines of growth 

and exceedingly fine, spiral striations. Aperture irregular, subquad- 

rate, somewhat effuse at the junction of the basal wall with the outer 

lip; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip very thin, rendered sinuous by 

the external sculpture, which is shown within by transmitted light; 

columella very slender, decidedly curved, and slightly reflected over 

and appressed to the base; parietal wall cohered with a thin callus. 

The type and seven additional specimens, Cat. No. 193, U.S.N. M., 

were collected by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring 

Expedition at Simons Bay. The type has 14^ whorls, and measures: 


TURRITELLA KOWIENSIS Sowerby. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 186809, one specimen 




TURRITELLA CAPENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 19317, U.S.N.M., one specimen labeled South Africa 

without specific locality designation. 

TURRITELLA KNYSNAENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 192, U.S.N.M., two specimens collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons 

Bay. 

TURRITELLA, species.? 

Cat. No. 187041, U.S.N. M., one specimen too poor to be positively 

determined, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 578). 

TURRITELLA, species.? 

Cat. No. 250397, U.S.N.M., contains the type of a young, very 

slender, white species from Port Alfred, which we are unable to 

identify (Coll. No. 1270). 

Family LITTORIN1DAE. 

Genus LITTORINA Ferussac. 

LITTORINA AFRICANA Philippi. 

Cat. No. 18822, U.S.N.M., 3 specimens from Natal. Cat. No. 

189478, U.S.N.M., 110 specimens from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 

189479, U.S.N.M., 8 specimens from the same locality. Cat. No. 

186811, U.S.N.M., 6 specimens from the same place (Coll. No. 177). 

Cat. No. 187092, U.S.N.M., 2 specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

636).

120 BULLETIN 91, "UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

LITTORINA AFRICANA TRYPHENA, new subspecies. 


This subspecies of L. africana is of similar coloration as africana, 

but always more slender, in fact, pupoid in shape. The type and 

another specimen, Cat. No. 187091, U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 635). The type has 4£ whorls, and measures: Length, 7 

mm.; diameter, 4.6 mm^ Four additional lots are in the collection 

of the United States National Museum from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 

187090, one specimen (Coll. No. 634). Cat. No. 250509, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 1382). Cat. No. 250510, one specimen (Coll. No. 

1383). Cat. No. 250511, one specimen (Coll. No. 1384). 

LITTORINA KNYSNAENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 116, U.S.N. M., six specimens collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 21810, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected at Algoa Bay by 

Dunker. Cat. No. 98054, U.S.N.M., 84 specimens from the Albany 

Museum, which were collected at the mouth of Bushmans River. 


No. 176). Cat. No. 18795, U.S.N.M., five specimens collected by 

William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Port 

Elizabeth. Cat. No. 31850, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the Cape 

of Good Hope. 

LITTORINA AHENEA Reeve. 


No. 632). 

Genus TECTARIUS Valenciennes. 

TECTARIUS NATALENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 18823, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Natal. 

Genus CITHNA A. Adams. 

CITHNA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell very minute, subglobular, moderately, deeply umbilicated, 

semitranslucent. Nuclear whorls about one and a third, scarcely 

differentiated from the rest of the turns. All the whorls well rounded, 

without sculpture, separated by a moderately constricted suture. 

Periphery and base of the last whorl well rounded, the latter mod- 

erately umbilicated, the outer edge of the umbilicus angulated. 

Aperture oval; outer lip rather thick, thinning toward the edge; the 

inner lip oblique, joined with a thin callus on the parietal wall, which 

renders the peritreme complete. 


No. 1371). It has almost three postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 0.7 mm.; diameter, 0.7 mm.


Family LITIOPIDAE. 

Genus ALABA A. Adams. 

ALABA PINNAE Krauss. 

There are three lots of this species in the United States National 

Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 186813, seven specimens 

Coll. No. 179). Cat. No. 187052, eight specimens (Coll. No. 590). 

Cat. No. 250413, one specimen (Coll. No. 1286). 

Genus ALABINA Dall. 

ALABINA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls about two and one- 

half, smooth, well rounded. Postnu clear whorls with a strong 

sloping shoulder which extends over the posterior half of the whorls 

and is bounded anteriorly by a median spiral keel. A second keel, a 

little less strong than the median, occupies the space halfway between 

the suture and the median keel. In addition to the above sculpture 

the whorls are marked on the anterior half, between the sutures, by 

ill-defined axial ribs which lend the two keels a slightly tuberculated 

appearance. About twelve of these feeble tubercles occur upon the 

antipenultimate whorls. Periphery and base of the last whorl well 

rounded, the latter smooth, excepting feeble lines of growth. Aperture 

moderately large; outer lip thin; columella slightly curved and 

feebly revolute; parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. 


No. 591). It has nine and one-half post-nuclear whorls, and measures: 


ALABINA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, semitransparent, white. Nuclear 

whorls one and a half, well rounded, separated by a strongly con- 

stricted suture, and marked by four strong, equal and equally spaced, 

spiral keels. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by almost 

vertical, well rounded, quite regular, axial ribs, of winch 14 occur upon 

the first and second, 16 upon the third and fourth, 18 upon the fifth 

and the penultimate turn. In addition to the axial ribs, the whorls 

are marked by two spiral cords a little anterior and posterior to the 

middle of the space between the sutures. The junction of the axial 

ribs and the spiral cords forms tubercles, which are truncated posteriorly 

and slope gently anteriorly, while the spaces inclosed between 

them appear as well impressed pits. Sutures strongly constricted. 

Periphery of the last whorl marked by a strong, smooth, spiral cord. 

Base short, slightly concave, smooth. Aperture subcircular; pos-


terior angle decidedly obtuse; outer lip thin, showing the external 

sculpture within, which renders the outer lip sinuous at the edge; 

columella oblique, very thin, and slightly revolute. 


No. 1269). It has seven postnuclear whorls, and measures: Length, 

2 mm. ; diameter, 0.7 mm. 

Genus DIALA A. Adams. 

DIALA INFRASULCATA Sowerby. 

Three specimens, Cat. No. 187070, U.S.N.M., from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 608). Cat. No. 187071, three specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 609). 

DIALA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, subdiaphanous. Nuclear whorls scarcely 

differentiated from the postnuclear turns. Postnuclear whorls 

strongly rounded, marked by numerous lines of growth and exceed- 

ingly fine spiral striations; the summits of the whorls are appressed 

to the preceding turns and allow these to shine through them, which 

gives the shell the aspect of having a double suture; sutures strongly 

constricted. Periphery of the last whorl somewhat inflated, well 

rounded. Base broadly umbilicated, well rounded, marked like the 

spire. Aperture large; outer Up thin, translucent; inner lip free, 

strongly curved, and somewhat reflected over the umbilicus; parietal 



(Coll. No. 601). It has seven and one-half whorls, and measures: 


The following specimens from Port Alfred are in the collection of 

the United States National Museum: Cat. No. 187067, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 605). Cat. No. 227746, three specimens (Coll. No. 841). 

Cat, No. 249722, two specimens (Coll. No. 994). Cat. No. 250424, 

three specimens (Coll. No. 1297). Cat. No. 250434, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 1307). In addition to these I have seen two lots, also from 

Port Alfred: (Coll. No. 1599), two specimens and (Coll. No. 1593), 30 

specimens, which were returned to Colonel Turton. 

DIALA DUBIA Sowerby. 

The United States National Museum has seven lots of this species 

from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 186812, 5 specimens (Coll. No. 178). 

Cat. No. 187060, 2 specimens (Coll. No. 598). Cat. No. 187464, 

1 specimen (Coll. No. 602). Cat. No. 187065, 2 specimens (Coll. 

No. 603). Cat. No. 227744, 3 specimens (Coll. No. 839). Cat. No. 

249725, 2 specimens (Coll. No. 997). Cat. No. 250430, 2 specimens 

(CoU. No. 1303). Cat. No. 250433, 2 specimens (Coll. No. 1300). 

Cat. No. 252202, 15 specimens (Coll. Nos. 1591 and 1597). (In addi-

SOUTH AFRICAN MAKINE MOLLUSKS. 123 

tion to these I have seen four lots which have been returned to 

Colonel Turton, all from Port Alfred; they are: (Coll. No. 1591) 45 

specimens. (Coll. No. 1595) 14 specimens. (Coll. No. 1597) 172 specimens. 

(Coll. No. 1598) 44 specimens. 

DIALA CAPENSIS, new species. 


Shell small, subcylindric, pupiform, semitranslucent, pale yellow. 

Nuclear whorls not differentiated from the postnuclear turns. Postnuclear 

whorls somewhat inflated, appressed at the summit, through 

which the preceding whorl is visible, which lends the shell the appear- 

ance of having a double suture. The entire surface of the shell is 

marked by numerous retractive lines of growth and exceedingly fine 

spiral striations. Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the last 

whorl rounded. Base well rounded, narrowly umbilicated. Aper- 

ture moderately large, oval, outer lip very thin; inner lip strongly 

curved and slightly reflected over the umbilicus. Parietal wall cov- 

ered with a thin callus. 

The type, Cat. No. 187068a, comes from Port Alfred. (Coll. No. 

606.) It has six and one-half postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


DIALA ALMO, new species. 


Shell minute, broadly conic, with truncated apex, semitranslucent. 

Nuclear whorls not differentiated from the postnuclear turns. Postnuclear 

whorls feebly rounded, appressed at the summit, through which 

the preceding turn shows, lending the surface the aspect of .having a 

double suture. Entire surface of the shell marked by fine lines of 

growth. Sutures feebly impressed. Periphery of the last whorl 

strongly inflated. Base well rounded, broadly umbilicated. Aper- 

ture very large; ovate; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin, decidedly 

flaring; inner lip curved and somewhat flexuous, slightly reflected 

over the umbilicus; parietal wall distinct, rendering the peritreme 

complete. 

The type, Cat. No. 187066, U.S.N.M. comes from Port Alfred, 

(Coll. No. 604). It has five whorls, and measures: Length, 2 mm.; 

diameter, 1.2 mm. We have seen seven additonal specimens from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 593), which have been returned to Colonel 

Turton. 

Family SOLARIIDAE. 

Genus HELIACUS Orbigny. 

HELIACUS AFRICANUS, new species. 

Plate 24, figs. 1, 3, 5. 

Shell lenticular, brown, blotched and spotted with white and yel- 

low. Nuclear whorls about one and a half, smooth; upper surface


of the succeeding turns slightly rounded, ornamented with five 

nodulose spiral cords, of which the first, at the summit, and the last, 

at the periphery, are the widest, the three intermediate ones being 

of about equal width. The spaces separating these spiral cords 

are strongly incised, narrow channels. In addition to the spiral 

cords, the whorls are marked by low, retractive, axial ribs, of which 

67 occur upon the last turn. The junction of the axial ribs and the 

spiral cords, form low, rounded, elongated tubercles, the long axis 

of which corresponds with the axial sculpture. Base moderately 

rounded, marked with low spiral cords, of which the two adjacent 

to the umbilicus are about doubly as wide as the rest; the one 

bordering the umbilicus renders the edge of this crenulated. In 

addition to these spiral cords the base is marked by the continuation 

of the axial ribs, the junction of which, with the spiral cords, renders 

these nodulose. The nodules, on the two cords near the umbilicus 

are elongate, having the long axis parallel with the spiral sculpture, 

while those on the rest of the cords are more or less rounded. There 

is a deep sinus between the peripheral cord and the basal cord, fully 

twice as wide as any of the sulci on the rest of the spire. Two slender 

spiral threads are present in the sulcus. The parietal wall of the 

umbilicus is marked with two moderately strong spiral cords. Aper- 

ture subcircular, rendered somewhat sinuous by the external sculp- 

ture; columella very stout, provided with two low, rounded, spiral 

cords which divide it into two equal parts. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1029). The type has almost four post- 

nuclear whorls and measures: Greatest diameter, 9.6 mm.; lesser 

diameter, 9 mm.; altitude, 4.6 mm. Cat. No. 186824, U.S.N.M., 

contains two additional specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 

190). Cat. No. 249758, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens from the 

same source (Coll. No. 1030). 

There is considerable variation in the width of the umbilicus of 

this species, the following two having an umbilicus fully twice as 

wide as the specimens alluded to above. In addition to this increased 

width of umbilicus, they also have a little larger number of 

axial riblets. Cat. No. 249756, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 1028). Cat. No. 186823, U.S.N.M., another specimen 

from the same place (Coll. No. 189). Cat. No. 250560a, U.S.N.M., 

contains a very young tip of another specimen from the same place 

(Coll. No. 1433a). 

HELIACUS LUTETTS Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 102725, U.S.N.M., a specimen from the Cape of Good 

Hope. 

HELIACUS, species? 

Cat. No. 250502, U.S.N.M., contains a young Heliacus from Port 

Alfred which is smooth, excepting a band at the periphery and two


nodulose, spiral zones about the umbilicus. I am unable to identify 

it with any of the described species, and it is too worn to serve for 

a diagnosis of a new form. (Coll. No. 1375.) Cat. No. 187095, 

U.S.N.M., contains another specimen from the same place. (Coll. 

No. 639.) 

Family RISSOIDAE. 

Genus NODULUS Monterosato. 

NODULUS PERSPECTUS Smith. 


(Coll. No. 185). 

NODULUS AFRICANUS, new species. 


Shell cylindro-conic, white. Nuclear whorls one and a third, 

smooth, polished, well rounded. Postnuciear whorls rather high between 

the sutures, appressed at the summit, well rounded, excepting 

the area immediately below the appressed summit on the later turns, 

which is slightly concave. Entire surface marked by numerous, very 

closely spaced, microscopic, spiral striations and exceedingly fine, re- 

tractive lines of growth. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded; 

base prolonged, moderately rounded; aperture subcircular; outer lip 

thick, within shelving to a thin edge; inner lip reflected, almost ver- 

tical; parietal wall covered by a thick callus which renders the peri- 

treme complete. 


postnuciear turns and measures: Length, 

(Coll. No. 1295). It has 4f 

1 .4 mm. ; diameter, 0.6 mm. The present species differs from Nodulus 

perspedus Smith by being cylindro-conic, instead of ovate, as well 

as in other characters. 

Genus SABANAEA Monterosato. 

SABANAEA PYRRHA, new species. 


Shell minute, ovate. Early whorls pale smoky brown, the later 

ones white. Nuclear whorls apparently not differentiated from the 

postnuciear turns. All the whorls well rounded, smooth, and ap- 

pressed at the summit. Sutures feebly impressed. Periphery of the 

last whorl obscurely angulated. Base short, almost concave in out- 

line, impressed at the umbilical area, and slightly attenuated ante- 

riorly. Aperture subcircular, with a very thick peristome. Posterior 

angle obtuse; outer lip thick; inner lip very thick, curved and 

appressed to the base; parietal wall covered with a thick callus, which 

joins the posterior angle of the aperture to the inner lip.


The type and two specimens, Cat. No. 187062, U.S.N.M., come from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 600). The type has four postnuclear whorls, 

and measures: Length, 1.3 mm.; diameter, 1 mm. Cat. No. 250427, 

U.S.N.M., contains two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1300). 

SABANAEA THALIA, new species. 


Shell pupiform, with blunt apex, subdiaphanous. Nuclear whorls 

not differentiated from the later turns; all whorls strongly rounded 

and appressed at the summit, through which the preceding whorl 

shines, which gives the whorls the aspect of having a double suture. 

Spire marked with decidedly retractive lines of growth, and exceed- 

ingly fine, spiral striations. Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery 

of the last whorl well rounded. Base moderately long, um- 

bilicated, well rounded, slightly attenuated anteriorly, marked like 

the spire. Aperture subcircular, posterior angle obtuse; outer Up 

thin; inner lip thin, strongly curved, free, slightly reflected over the 

umbilicus; parietal wall covered with a thick callus, which is free at 

the edge, and renders the peritreme complete. The type and two 

specimens, Cat. No. 187058, U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 596). The type has six whorls, and measures: Length, 1.7 mm.; 

diameter, 0.8 mm. Cat. No. 227742a, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens 

from the same locality (Coll. No. 837), and Cat. No. 227743, 

U.S.N.M., seven specimens from the same source (Coll. No. 838). 

In addition to these, we have seen 105 specimens from Port Alfred 

which have been returned to Colonel Turton (Coll. No. 1594). 

Genus AMPHITHALAMUS Carpenter. 

AMPH1THALAMUS TURTONI, new species. 


Shell very minute, pupiform, pale horn color. Nuclear whorls one 

and one-half, marked with many, exceedingly fine, spiral striations and 

lines of growth, the combination of the two lending these whorls an 

exceedingly finely pitted appearance. Postnuclear whorls rather 

high between the sutures, appressed at the summit, well rounded, 

marked by fine, decidedly retractive lines of growth. Sutures 

strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base 

attenuated anteriorly, marked like the spire. Aperture oval; outer 

lip thick within, thin at the edge; inner lip decidedly curved; parietal 

wall built out to form a shelf, the inner edge of which forms the parie- 

tal Up of the aperture. 

The type and nine specimens of this species, Cat. No. 187061, U.S. 

N.M., were collected at Port Alfred (Coll. No. 599). The type has a 

little more than four whorls, and measures: Length, 1 mm.; diameter, 

0.5 mm.

SOUTH AFEICAN JUAEINE MOLLUSKS. 127 

Two additional lots, both from Port Alfred, are in the collection of 

the United States National Museum. Cat. No. 250416, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1289), the other Cat. No. 250417, one specimen (Coll. No. 

1290). 

AMPHITHALAMUS AFRICANUS, new species. 


Shell minute, elongate-conic, semitransparent. Nuclear whorls one 

and a half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls almost three, 

strongly* rounded, appressed at the summit, marked by numerous, 

regular, fine, decidedly retractive axial riblets, the spaces between 

which are about one and a half times as wide as the riblets. Sutures 

strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. 

Base somewhat produced, marked like the spire by the continuations 

of the riblets. Aperture broadly oval, decidedly oblique; outer lip 

thin; inner lip strongly curved at some little distance from the parie- 

tal wall. The space between the inner edge of the outer lip and the 

parietal wall form a shelf, as is usual in Amphithalamus . 

The type, Cat. No. 250415. U.S.N.M., comes from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1288). It measures: Length, 1.2 mm.; diameter, 0.5 mm. 

Genus ALVANIA Risso. 

ALVANIA NEMO, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-ovate, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls one 

and one-half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls inflated, 

strongly rounded, marked between the sutures by very regular, well 

developed, evenly spaced spiral cords, of which four occur upon the 

second and third, and 6 upon the penultimate turn. The space between 

the appressed summit and the first spiral cord is a little wider 

than those between the other cords. In addition to the spiral cords 

the whorls are marked by feeble incremental lines. Periphery of the 

last whorl inflated. Base moderately long, well rounded, narrowly 

umbilicated, marked with two, feeble, spiral cords and fine, incremental 

lines. Aperture broadly oval; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin, 

showing the external sculpture within; columella strongly curved, 

free, partly reflected over the umbilicus; parietal wall glazed with a 

thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 595). It has almost four postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


The following four additional lots from Port Alfred are in the col- 

lection of- the United States National Museum. Cat. No. 250403, 

two specimens (Coll. No. 1276). Cat. No. 250402, two specimens.



Cat. No. 252277, 10 specimens (Coll. No. 1586). Thirty-live specimens 

with the same collector's number were returned to Colonel 

Turton. 

ALVANIA FARQUHARI Smith. 


Cat. No. 187057, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred (Coil. 

No. 595). Cat. No. 227740, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the same 

locality (Coll. No. 835). In addition to these, I have seen 40 specimens 

in Colonel Turton's collection (Coll. No. 1586). 

ALVANIA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, white. The nucleus consists of a single turn 

which appears to be smooth. The succeeding turn is well rounded, 

the next, strongly shouldered on the middle, while the last is slightly 

concave immediately below the suture, and the rest well rounded. 

The second whorl is marked with six slender spiral cords, which are 

about as wide as the spaces that separate them. On the following 

tarn a broad cord appears at the appressed summit and four slender 

ones on the space between the summit and the angulated shoulder; the 

shoulder itself being marked by a stronger spiral cord, while the space 

anterior to it bears three about as strong as the last. On the penultimate 

whorl 1 2, equal and equally spaced, spiral cords appear between the 

summit and the posterior termination of the outer lip, and six upon 

the base. These cords are equal and equally spaced and are about as 

wide as the spaces that separate them. Aperture apparently oval; 

outer lip fractured; inner lip rather thick, almost vertical, and 

somewhat reflected over the base; parietal wall covered by a 



(Coll. No. 1265). It has four postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


ALVANIA ALMO, new species. 


Shell elongate-ovate, thin, semitranslucent. Nuclear whorls one 

and a half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear turns marked by two 

strong, spiral keels, the first of which is situated about two-thirds of 

the distance between the summit and the suture anterior to the sum- 

mit, while the second is about one-fifth of the distance above the 

suture, leaving the space between the two, equal to about two-fifths 

of the distance. The space between the summit and the first keel, 

forms a strongly sloping shoulder, while the space between the two


keels is almost flat. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a strong, 

spiral cord. Base well rounded, marked by three subequal and 

equally spaced, low, spiral cords. In addition to the spiral marking, 

the whorls are marked by numerous, very fine lines of growth. Aper- 

ture broadly ovate; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin, showing the 

external sculpture within; inner lip thin, slightly reflected; parietal 

wall covered with a thick callus which renders the peritreme complete. 


(Coll. No. 1267). It has three postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


ALVANIA ARGENTEA Sowerby. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 186820, two specimens 


Cat. No. 250403a, one specimen (Coll. No. 1276). Cat. No. 252279, 

25 specimens (Coll. No. 1588). In addition to these we have seen 15 

specimens in Colonel Turton's collection (Coll. No. 1587), and 87 

specimens in the same collection (Coll. No. 1588). 

ALVANIA FENESTRATA Krausa. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 186818, five specimens 

(Coll. No. 184). Cat. No. 252278, 25 specimens (Coll. No. 1588). 

In addition to that we have seen 111 specimens which have been 

returned to Colonel Turton (Coll. No. 1587). 

ALVANIA IMA, new species. 


Shell small, ovate, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls two, well 

rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls slightly rounded, marked by 

very regular, feeble, protractive axial ribs which are a little wider 

than the spaces that separate them. Of these ribs, 26 occur upon the 

first, 30 upon the second, and 32 upon the penultimate whorl. In ad- 

dition to the ribs, the whorls are marked by a slender spiral cord at the 

summit, which renders the summit decidedly crenulated. A second 

spiral cord marks the periphery of the turns; the intercostal spaces 

between these spiral cords are wedge-shaped, the angle of the wedge 

being at the summit. Base somewhat inflated, well rounded, marked 

on the posterior two-thirds by six strongly incised spiral grooves, 

which make the spaces between them appear as broad, low rounded 

keels. Sutures strongly impressed. Aperture irregularly oval ; outer 

lip moderately thick, showing the external sculpture within; inner lip 

almost straight, oblique; parietal wall covered with a thick callus.



(Coll. No. 607). It has almost four postnuclear whorls and measures: 

Length, 2.3 mm. ; diameter, 1.5 mm. Cat. No. 249704 U.S.N.M., con- 

tains another specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 976). 

Genus RISSOINA Orbigny. 

RISSOINA ALFREDI Smith. 


No. 182). 

RISSOINA CALIA, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, bluish white. Nuclear whorls decollated. 

Postnuclear whorls moderately rounded, strongly appressed at the 

summit, which lends them a somewhat curved outline near the 

summit; marked with numerous, very regular, slender, flexuous 

axial ribs, of which 26 occur upon the first, 32 upon the second, 36 upon 

the third and fourth, 40 upon the fifth, and 46 upon the penultimate 

turn. The moderately impressed spaces enclosed between these ribs 

are about as wide as the ribs, and are crossed by slender spiral threads, 

of which about 13 occur between the sutures. The spaces enclosed 

between the spiral threads and the axial ribs are a little wider 

than the spiral threads and appear as well-impressed pits. Periph- 

ery of the last whorl Avell rounded. Base somewhat prolonged, 

well rounded, marked by the continuations of the axial ribs, which 

become somewhat enfeebled anteriorly and 16 spiral threads; 

the latter are a little more accentuated on the anterior portion than 

they are upon the spire. Aperture irregularly ovate, somewhat 

channeled anteriorly; posterior angle acute; outer lip moderately 

thick, showing the external sculpture within; inner lip scarcely 

differentiated from the body whorl, to which it is appressed; parietal 

wall covered with a thin callus. 

The type, and four specimens, Cat. No. 186817, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 183). The type has seven postnuclear 

whorls, which measure : Length, 6.7 mm. ; diameter, 2.2 mm. Cat. No. 

227738, U.S.N.M., contains 10 specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 833), and Cat. No. 227739, contains six specimens from 

the same source (Coll. No. 834). 

Cat. No. 249707a, U.S.N.M., contains a badly worn specimen 

(Coll. No. 979). 

RISSOINA, species? 

Cat. No. 249696, U.S.N.M., contains a badly worn specimen of a 

small species from Port Alfred, having closely spaced, decidedly 

protractive ribs and without spiral sculpture. It is too badly worn 

to serve for a proper diagnosis (Coll. No. 968).


RISSOINA EUCOSMIA, new species. 


Shell small, falcate, semitranslucent. Nuclear whorls a little 

more than one, smooth, well rounded. Postnuclear whorls high 

between the sutures, strongly shouldered at the summit, marked on 

the anterior half by strong, comma-shaped axial ribs, which are 

truncated posteriorly, tapering gently anteriorly and are lost before 

they reach the middle of the whorl. Of these ribs, 12 occur upon 

the first, 14 upon the second, 16 upon the third, and 18 upon the 

fourth and penultimate turn. In addition to these axial ribs the 

whorls are marked between the sutures by a smooth spiral cord, 

the posterior border of which marks the space between the sutures 

on the later turns. Sutures strongly channeled. Periphery of the 

last whorl marked by a strong spiral cord. Base moderately long, 

marked by two, equal and equally spaced, spiral cords, of which the 

last encircles the insertion of the columella. Aperture oval; outer 

lip thick, with a brown band immediately posterior to the spiral 

keel; inner lip very thick and appressed to the attenuated base; 

parietal wall covered by a moderately thick callus which renders the 

peritremo complete. 


(Coll. No. 1268). It has five and a half postnuclear whorls, and 


RISSOINA, species? 

Cat. No. 250372, U.S.N.M., contains the tips of two Rissoinas, 

from Port Alfred, too young to be determined (Coll. No. 1245). 

Cat. No. 250400, U.S.N.M., contains a Rissoina from Port Alfred, 

which is different from any of the known species, but too poor to 

serve for a diagnosis (Coll. No. 1273). 

RISSOINA (PHOSINELLA) PURA Gould. 


Alvania pura Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 402, 1861. 

Shell elongate-conic, white. Nuclear whorls two, well rounded, 

smooth. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by almost ver- 

tical narrow axial ribs which are about one-half as wide as the spaces 

that separate them. Of these ribs 12 occur upon the first, 18 upon 

the second to fourth, 20 upon the fifth, 22 upon the sixth, and 26 

upon the penultimate whorl. In addition to the axial ribs the 

whorls are marked by equal and equally spaced spiral cords which are 

almost as strong on the ribs, the junctions of the two forming strong, 

rounded tubercles. Of these cords, 2 occur upon the first, 3 upon 

the second to fourth, and 5 upon the remaining turns. The spaces


enclosed by the ribs and cords are deep rectangular pits, having their 

long axis parallel with the spiral sculpture. Periphery well rounded. 

Base moderately protracted, marked by the continuations of the 

axial ribs which become much enfeebled as they approach the colu- 

mella, and six spiral cords, of which the posterior two are of the strength 

and spacing of those on the spire, while the other four are separated 

from these two by a space about one and one-half times as wide as 

the spaces between the cords on the spire, and are much closer 

approximated to each other than the rest. These four are successively 

weaker from the posterior to the anterior, the latter becoming 

quite feeble. Aperture irregularly oval, oblique, partly channeled 

anteriorly; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip reenforced by a heavy 

callus; parietal wall covered by a thick callus. 

Doctor Gould's type, Cat. No. 157, U.S.N.M., was collected by 

William Stimpson, on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, in 

Simons Bay. It has eight postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


Genus MICROSETIA Monterosato. 

MICROSETIA CONSPECTA Smith. 


No. 187). 

MICROSETIA GISNA, new species. 


Shell small, ovate, light golden brown, excepting the extreme ante- 

rior portion of the base and the peristome, which are yellowish white. 

Nuclear whorls one and one-half, inflated, smooth, giving the shell a 

blunt apex. Postnuclear whorls moderately rounded, feebly shoul- 

dered at the summit, marked by fine incremental lines only. Sutures 

moderately impressed. Periphery of the last whorl somewhat in- 

flated, well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded, narrowly 

umbihcated, marked like the spire. Aperture ovate; posterior angle 

acute; outer lip thin at the edge; inner lip strongly curved and partly 

reflected over the umbilicus; parietal wall covered with a thin callus. 


(Coll. No. 593). It has almost four postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Length, 2 mm.; diameter, 1 mm. 

MICROSETIA HALIA, new species. 


Shell small, broadly ovate, light brown. Nuclear whorls not dif- 

ferentiated from the postnuclear turns. Postnuclear whorls well 

rounded, appressed at the summit, through which the preceding whorl 

can be seen, which lends the shell the appearance of having a rather 

broad brown band at the summit; surface of the shell marked by


numerous, decidedly retractive, incremental lines and exceedingly fine 

spiral striations. Sutures moderately impressed; periphery of the 

last whorl inflated, well rounded; base short, narrowly umbilicated, 

well rounded. Aperture subcircular; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip 

thin; inner lip strongly curved and partly reflected over the umbilicus, 

continuing as a thin callus over the parietal wall. 

The type and seven specimens, Cat. No. 187072, U.S.N.M., came 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 610). The type has a little more than 

five whorls, and measures: Length, 2.1 mm.; diameter, 1.1 mm. Cat. 

No. 227745, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 840). Another specimen, Cat. No. 250428, U.S.N.M., also 

comes from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1301). 

MICROSETIA HELGA, new species. 


Shell small, elongate-conic, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls not 

differentiated from the succeeding turns ; all the whorls well rounded, 

appressed at the summit, through which the preceding whorl shines, 

which lends the shell the aspect of having a double suture. Sutures 

moderately impressed. Periphery of the last whorl somewhat in- 

flated, well rounded. Base moderately long, narrowly umbilicated, 

well rounded; entire surface of spire and base marked by exceedingly 

fine incremental lines only. Aperture oval; posterior angle obtuse; 

outer lip thick; inner lip strongly curved and quite thick, reflected 

over the umbilicus; parietal wall covered with a thick callus. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 187056, U.S.N.M., came 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 594). The type has six whorls and measures: 

Length, 2.7 mm.; diameter, 1.5 mm. Cat. No. 250423, U.S.N.M., 

contains another specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1296). 

MICROSETIA IRMA, new species. 


Shell elongate-ovate, very thin, transparent. Nuclear whorls not 

differentiated from the postnuclear turns. Postnuclear whorls well 

rounded, appressed at the summit, marked by exceedingly fine, re- 

tractive lines of growth and closely spaced, microscopic spiral striations. 

Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery of the last whorl 

strongly rounded. Base moderately long, strongly rounded, very 

narrowly umbilicated. Aperture ovate; posterior angle acute; outer 

lip very thin; inner lip very thin, evenly curved and slightly reflected; 



from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 996). The type has four whorls, and 

measures: Length, 1.6 mm.; diameter, .1 mm. 

80737°— Bull. 91—15 10


Genus BARLEEIA Clark. 

BAKLEEIA SMITHI, new spedies. 


Shell broadly ovate, light chestnut brown, with the parietal wall and 

the inner edge of the columella dark chestnut. Nuclear whorls not 

differentiated from the rest of the shell. Postnuclear whorls rounded, 

marked by decidedly retractive lines of growth and exceedingly fine, 

closely spaced, microscopic spiral striations. Sutures strongly constricted. 

Periphery of the last whorl inflated, strongly rounded. 

Base short, strongly rounded, umbilicated, marked like the spire. 

Aperture subcircular; outer lip thm; columella moderately thick, 

slightly reflected; parietal wall covered by a thick callus, which 


The type and three other specimens, Cat. No. 227741, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 836). The type has four whorls and 


Genus FENELLA A. Adams. 

FENELXA ALMO, new species. 


Shell elongate-conic, milk white, rather thick. Nuclear whorls 

smooth, well rounded. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by 

a strong, median, spiral keel and another a little less strong at the 

periphery. These keels become more strongly developed on the last 

turn than on the preceding turns. In addition to these, there are 

numerous, very fine, spiral threads between the keels and also upon 

them, which are crossed by equally fine axial threads, lending the 

entire surface a finely reticulated appearance. There are also a few 

irregularly disposed, low, ill-defined axial riblets, which are best shown 

on the last half of the last whorl. Base well rounded, ornamented like 

the spire. Aperture thin within, provided with a complete peristome 

at the edge, which is greatly thickened and built out, and slightly 

reflected all around. 


No. 980). It measures: Length, 7.1 mm.; diameter, 2.6 mm. 

Family JEFFREYSIIDAE. 

Genus JEFFREYSIA Alder. 

JEFFREYSIA CAFFRA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186822, U.S.N.M. Three specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 188). Cat. No. 249721, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens 

from the same locality (Coll. No. 993).

SOUTH AFKICAN MAEINE MOLLUSKS. 135 

JEFFREYSIA CAPENSIS Sowerby. 

Seven lots of this species are in the collection of the United States 

National Museum, all from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 187059, six specimens 


Cat. No. 186812a, one specimen (Coll. No. 178a). Cat. No. 187063a, 

two specimens (Coll. No. 601). Cat. No. 250431, two specimens (Coll. 

No. 1304). Cat. No. 249723, one specimen (Coll. No. 995). In addi- 

tion to these we have seen 67 specimens in Colonel Turton's collection. 

(Coll. No. 1592). 

Family ASSIMINEIDAE. 

Genus ASSIMINEA Leach. 

ASSIMINEA OVATA Krauss. 


National Museum, from Port Alfred, Cat. No. 1868146, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 180). Cat. No. 227735, three specimens (Coll. No. 830). 

Cat. 249728, two specimens (Coll. No. 1000). 

ASSIMINEA UMLAASIANA Smith. 

The United States National Museum contains three lots of this 

species from Port Alfred. Cat. No. 186814, three specimens (Coll. 

No.. 180). "Cat. No. 186815, six specimens (Coll. No. 181). Cat. No. 

227734, eight specimens (Coll. No. 829). In addition to these I have 

seen 78 specimens from Port Alfred which have been returned to 

Colonel Turton (CoU. No. 1596). 

ASSIMINEA CAPENSIS, new species. 


Shell broadly conic, thick, light brown. Nuclear whorls not dif- 

ferentiated from the postnuclear turns. Postnuclear whorls well 

rounded, feebly shouldered at the summit, marked by decidedly 

retractive lines of growth and exceedingly fine spiral striations. 

Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery of the last whorl strongly 

inflated, obscurely angulate. Base short, well rounded, marked like 

the spire. Aperture very large, irregularly ovate; posterior angle 

acute; outer lip thick within, thin at the edge; inner lip thick, 

appressed, strongly curved, continuous with the thick parietal 

callus. 


(Coll. No. 180). It has six whorls, and measures: Length, 6 mm.; 

diameter, 3.5 mm. Cat. No. 227824 U.S.N.M., contains two specimens 

from the same locality (Coll. No. 829a). Another specimen, Cat. No. 

250414, U.S.N.M., is from the same locality (Coll. No. 1287).


ASSIMINEA FASCIATA Krauss. 

Cat. No. 187051, U.S.N.M. Five specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 589). Cat. No. 227736, U.S.N.M., four young specimens from 

the same locality (Coll. No. 831). Cat. No. 227737, U.S.N.M., three 

very young individuals from the same source (Coll. No. 832). 

ASSIMINEA, species? 

Cat. No. 250421, U.S.N.M., contains a worn specimen which we 

are unable to identify, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1294). 

Family CALYPTRAEIDAE. 

Genus TROCHITA Schumacher. 

TROCHITA HELICOIDEA Sowerby. 


No. 193). 

TROCHITA SINENSIS Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 36, U.S.N.M., one specimen, collected by William Stimpson, 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, at False Bay, Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 139, U.S.N.M., five specimens collected by 

William Stimpson, on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, in 20 

fathoms, on sandy bottom at False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. Cat. 

No. 186828, two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 194). 

TROCHITA CALYPTRAEFORMIS Lamarck. 


Hope. 

Genus CREPIDULA Lamarck. 

CREPIDULA ACULEATA Gmelin. 

Cat. No. 98023, U.S.N.M., five specimens from Albany. Cat. No. 

186825, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 191). 

Cat. No. 19175, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. 

CREPIDULA HEPATICA Deshayes. 


Hope. Cat. No. 19169, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 43146, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 98052, U.S.N.M., seven specimens from 

Albany. Cat. No. 186826, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 192). Cat. No. 249788, U.S.N.M., contains three 

specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 1060). Cat. No. 249787, 

U.S.N.M., four specimens from the same place (Coll. No. 1059). 

CREPIDULA HEPATICA COMPLANATA Krauss. 


No. 677) . Cat. 

No. 250576, U.S.N.M., another specimen from the same 

source (Coll. No. 1449).


CREPIDULA LENTIGINOSA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 98051, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Albany. Cat. 

No. 19173, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Elizabeth. Cat. No. 

186826a, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 192). 

Cat. No. 249786, U.S.N.M., four specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 1058). 

Family LAMELLARIIDAE. 

Genus LAMELLARIA Montagu. 

LAMELLARIA PERSPICUA Linnaeus. 

One specimen, Cat. No. 250530, U.S.N.M., from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 1403). Cat. No. 250532, U.S.N.M., one young specimen from 

the same place (Coll. No. 1405). Cat. No. 249768, U.S.N.M., three 

young specimens from the same locality (Coll. 1040). 

Family NATICIDAE. 

Genus NATICA Seopoli. 

NATICA IMPERFORATA Gray. 

Cat. No. 98024, U.S.N.M., twelve specimens from Kassouga, 

Albany. Cat. No. 21800, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Algoa Bay. 


No. 195). 

NATICA STIMPSONI, new species. 

Plate 13, figs. 5, 8, 11. 

Shell large, subglobose, imperforate, bluish white, speckled with 

numerous dots of brown over the entire surface, excepting a narrow 

band on the shoulder of the whorls and another a little anterior to the 

periphery, which are marked by a series of quite regularly spaced tri- 

angles, the apexes of which point forward. The whorls are inflated, 

slopingly shouldered at the summit, the rest well rounded, marked by 

numerous strong lines of growth, and fine spiral lirations. Periphery 

and base of the last whorl well rounded, marked like the spire. Aper- 

ture large, oval ; outer lip thin ; inner lip thick, curved and strongly 

reflected over the umbilical area; parietal wall covered with a very 

thick callus, having a notch a little nearer the posterior angle of the 

aperture than its junction with the inner lip. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Ba} T , Cape 

of Good Hope. It has five and one-half whorls, and measures: 


NATICA, species? 

Cat. No. 187082, U.S.N.M., three poor specimens from Port Alfred 

which I am unable to refer to any known form (Coll. No. 624). Cat. 

No. 249750, U.S.N.M., contains two additional specimens, in an 

equally poor condition, from the same place (Coll. No. 1022).


NATICA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 13, figs. 4, 7, 10. 

Shell of medium size, irregularly ovate, early whorls bluish, later 

ones light buff, marked with a series of retractively sloping streaks of 

brown near the summit, and numerous small dots of brown. The 

callus and columellar area are white. Early whorls well rounded, 

the later ones a little less so. The last whorl is strongly appressed 

at the summit, which lends it a somewhat pinched-in appearance 

immediately below the summit. Periphery and base of the last whorl 

well rounded. Aperture oval; outer lip thin, purplish brown deep 

within, white at the edge; inner lip strongly curved; parietal wall 

covered with a very thick callus, which is entire. 



and one-half whorls, and measures: Length, 17 mm.; diameter, 14.5 

mm. Three additional lots are in the collection of the United States 

National Museum from the same locality. Cat. No. 249752, three 

specimens (Coll. No. 1024). Cat. No. 249754, two specimens (Coll. 

No. 1026). Cat. No. 249748, three specimens (Coll. No. 1020.) 

NATICA FORATA Reeve. 


Cat. No. 43134, U.S.N.M., eight specimens from the same place. 

Cat. No. 46445a, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same locality. 


No. 196). 

NATICA AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 13, figs. 13, 14, 15. 

Shell similar to N. forata, but decidedly elevated, and with a much 

narrower umbilicus. The coloration is as follows : ground color pearl 

gray; a narrow band, of short, axially disposed streaks of light brown, 

is situated at the summit; while five, equal and equally spaced, narrow 

bands encircle the whorls; the first of these is a little farther from the 

brown band at the summit than from its neighbor anteriorly. These 

bands are composed of narrow, arrow-shaped elements, which are 

white, tipped with brown, and are arranged in cone-in-cone series, 

pointing forward. In addition to these bands, the whorls are 

marked by alternating lines of light and darker color, which coincide 

with the lines of growth. The umbilical area and the region adjacent 

to it, as well as the thin callus, are white, the whorls are well rounded, 

smooth. Umbilicus narrowly funnel-shaped ; umbilical wall provided 

with two spiral keels. Aperture oval, dark purple within, thin and 

white at the edge ; inner lip curved and very slightly reflected ; parietal 

wall covered with a thin callus.


The type and another specimen of this species, Cat. No. 46445, 

U.S.N.M., come from the Cape of Good Hope. The type has four and 

one-half whorls, and measures : Length, 1 1 .3 mm. ; diameter, 1 1 mm. 

Cat. No. 249753, U.S.N .M., contains another specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1025). 

NATICA NAPUS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186832, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 198). 

NATICA DECIPIENS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186831, U.S.N .M., contains two specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 197). 

NATICA QUEKETTI Sowerby. 


Hope. 



Alfred (Coll. No. 626), which we are unable to refer to any of the 

known species, but they are too worn to permit a proper diagnosis. 

Cat. No. 250485, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen from the same 

locality in an equally poor condition (Coll. No. 1358). Cat. No. 

249751, U.S.N.M., another specimen also in poor condition (Coll. No. 

1023). 

NATICA NEMO, new species. 

Plate 13, figs. 6, 9, 12. 

Shell subglobose, narrowly umbilicated, moderately elevated, uniformly 

cream colored. Nuclear whorls two and one- third, moderately 

well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by 

numerous, very decided notchings, which are strongest near the 

summit, weakening gradually as they pass over the whorls; on the 

early whorls they extend to the suture. Suture feebly impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base well rounded, narrowly 

umbilicated. The periphery and the base are marked by the 

feeble continuations of the impressed lines. The umbilicus is almost 

closed by a strong, spiral callus, which occupies the middle of the 

umbilical wall. The callus on the parietal wall is interrupted at the 

posterior termination of the spiral umbilical callus where a deep 

notch is present; outer lip thin at the edge, colored very light brown 

within. 

The type has three postnuclear whorls, and the whole shell measures: 

Length, 14.2 mm.; diameter, 13.8 mm. It comes from Port 

Alfred, and is Cat. No. 1S7083, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 625).


NATICA SALDONTIANA, new species. 

Plate 13, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell small, subglobose, with well-elevated spire. Early whorls 

badly eroded in our specimens, those remaining, well rounded, marked 

with strong, retractive lines of growth, which are strongest near the 

summit, weakening somewhat as they pass over the body of the 

whorls. Periphery and base of the last whorl well rounded, the latter 

very narrowly umbilicated. Aperture oval, bluish white within ; outer 

lip thin; inner lip thin, strongly curved and very slightly reflected; 

parietal wall covered with a thick callus, which extends down to the 

inner lip and practically covers up the umbilicus, forming a rounded 

patch over it. The general coloration of the shell is bluish gray, with 

numerous fine, brown, wavy lines, which coincide in a general way 

with the lines of growth. There is a tendency on the part of these 

lines to become consolidated into brown spots at the summit, par- 

ticularly on the last portion of the last whorl. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 163024, U.S.N.M., were 

dredged in 27 fathoms in Saldontia Bay. The type has four and one 

half whorls and measures: Length, 14.2 mm.; diameter, 13.6 mm. 

This shell comes nearest to Natica nemo Bartsch, but has a more 

elevated spire and has the parietal callus extending down over the 

umbilicus; it also lacks the strongly impressed notchings at the summit. 



Alfred (Coll. No. 623), which appear to belong to a new species. The 

color markings of these shells are so badly faded that we refrain from 

describing the specimens. Cat. No. 249749, U.S.N.M., two equally 

poor specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1021). 

Cat. No. 250484, U.S.N.M., contains a large, low, broad Natica, 

with a dark umbilical callus, which is too poor to be identified, from 


Cat. No. 249773, U.S.N.M., contains three nepionic shells of a 

Natica, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1045). 

Family VANIKOROIDAE. 

Genus VANIKORO Quoy and Gaimard, 

VANIKORO AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, translucent, bluish white. Nuclear whorls one and a 

half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear turns one and a half, well 

rounded, ornamented with many decidedly retractive axial riblets 

which are stronger and more distantly spaced on the first turn than


on the succeeding. These riblets are about one-third as wide as the 

spaces that separate them on the first turn, while on the last turn the 

intercostal spaces are only a trifle wider than the riblets. The spaces 

between the riblets are crossed by numerous, very fine spiral striatums. 

Base gradually, deeply umbilicated. The umbilicus marked 

at its outer edge by a strong carina. The entire surface of the base 

is marked by the continuation of the axial riblets, which pass undi- 

minished over the base, into the umbilicus. The base appears slightly 

excavated immediately posterior to this carina. The exterior um- 

bilical wall is concave and marked by the continuation of the axial 

riblets from aperture; outer lip thickened at the edge; inner lip sin- 

uous, slightly reflected, and continuing over the parietal wall, ren- 

dering the peritreme complete. 


(Coll. No. 1041). It measures: Altitude, 3 mm. The greatest measurement 

obtainable while lying on the aperture is 3 mm. Another 

specimen, Cat. No. 250534, U.S.N .M. (Coll. No. 1407), comes from 

the same place. 

Family ACMAEIDAE. 

Genus ACMAEA Eschscholtz. 

ACMAEA ROSEORADIATA Smith. 


Hope. Cat. No. 187133, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 679). Cat. No. 250573, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen 


Family PATELLIDAE. 

Genus PATELLA Linnaeus. 

PATELLA GRANATINA Linnaeus. 

The United States National Museum contains eight lots of this 

species from the Cape of Good Hope, as follows: Cat. No. 7586, four 

specimens collected by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Ex- 

ploring Expedition; Cat. No. 7587, ten specimens; Cat. No. 16615, 

two specimens ; Cat. No. 17347, two specimens; Cat. No. 89797, three 

specimens; Cat. No. 89798, one specimen; Cat. No. 103886, four 

specimens; Cat. No. 128388, two specimens. Cat. No. 184355, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from Cape Town. Cat, No. 186902, U.S.N.M. 

one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 272). 

PATELLA LONGICOSTA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 109, U.S.N.M., two specimens collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 89835, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 186901, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port




PATELLA OCULUS Reeve. 

Three lots of this species were collected by William Stimpson on 

the North Pacific Exploring Expedition. Two of these, Cat. No. 

94, U.S.N.M., two specimens, and Cat. No. 609, U.S.N.M., six specimens, 

came from Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 7584, 

U.S.N.M., five specimens were collected at Cape of Good Hope. 

Three additional lots from the Cape of Good Hope are in the collection 

of the United States National Museum: Cat. No. 17346, two 

specimens; Cat. No. 89796, two specimens; Cat. No. 120280, one 

specimen. Cat. No. 22747, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen from 

Algoa Bay. Cat. No. 125381, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens 

from Cape Town. Cat. No. 187129, U.S.N.M., one specimen from 


PATELLA GRANULAR1S Linnaeus. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay. 

Cat. No. 1661 6, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 89836, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 125396, U.S.N.M., five specimens from Cape Town. Four 

additional lots are. in the collection of the United States National 

Museum, from Port Alfred: Cat. No. 186898, three specimens (Coll. 

No. 268); Cat. No. 249899, two specimens (Coll. No. 1171); Cat. No. 

250565, two specimens (Coll. No. 1438); Cat. No. 250567, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1440). Cat. No. 253738, U.S.N.M., three specimens from 

Algoa Bay. 

PATELLA BARBARA Linnaeus. 

The United States National Museum contains eight lots from the 

Cape of Good Hope, as follows: Cat. No. 16614, four specimens; 

Cat. No. 32002, two specimens; Cat. No. 32015, three specimens; 

Cat. No. 89837, one specimen; Cat. No. 8983S, one specimen; Cat. 

No. 128382, one specimen. Cat. No. 125375, U.S.N.M., contains 

five specimens from Cape Town. Cat. No. 98055, U.S.N.M., four 

specimens from Albany. In addition to these the United States 

National Museum contains 1 1 lots from Port Alfred, as follows : Cat. 

No. 1S6896, one specimen (Coll. No. 266); Cat. No. 1S6900, three 

specimens (Coll. No. 270); Cat. No. 187128, two specimens (Coll. No. 

674); Cat. No. 187130, seven specimens (Coll. No. 676); Cat. No. 

187132, two specimens (Coll. No. 678); Cat. No. 227793, four specimens 

(Coll. No. 888); Cat. No. 227794, four specimens (Coll. No. 

889); Cat. No. 249897, one specimen (Coll. No. 1169); Cat. No. 


(Coll. No. 1437); Cat. No. 250562, five young specimens (Coll. 

No. 1435).


PATELLA CONSPICUA Philippi. 

Cat. No. 17345, U.S.N.M., four specimens from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 36643, U.S.N.M., two specimens from South Africa 

without specific locality. Cat. No. 249896, U.S.N.M., contains a 

specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1168). 

PATELLA ARGENVILLEI Krauss. 

Cat. No. 125367, U.S.N.M., three specimens collected by the United 

States Eclipse Expedition at Cape Town. Cat. No. 186899, U.S.N.M., 

two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 269). Cat. No. 227795, 

U.S.N. M., four young specimens of this species from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 890). 

PATELLA VARIABILIS Krauss. 


Hope. In addition to this, the United States National Museum contains 

four lots from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 186895, two 

specimens (Coll. No. 265); Cat. No. 187130a, one specimen (Coll. No. 

676a) ; Cat. No. 227788, four specimens (Coll. No. 883) ; Cat. No. 227789, 

four specimens (Coll. No. 884). In addition to these, we have seen 

two lots in Colonel Turton's collection, 20 specimens, Coll. No. 1609, 

and ten specimens, Coll. No. 1610. 

PATELLA COMPRESSA Lamarck. 

Cat. No. 17349, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 36646, U.S.N.M., three specimens collected by 

William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, at the 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 128374, U.S.N.M., four specimens from 

the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 249784, U.S.N.M., contains three 

young specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1056). 

PATELLA MINIATA Born. 

Cat. No. 32014, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 90620, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the same 

place. Cat. No. 128380, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the same 

locality. In addition to these, the United States National Museum 

contains four lots from Port Alfred; Cat. No. 186897, four specimens 

(Coll. No. 267); Cat. No. 227790, six specimens (Coll. No. 885); Cat. 

No. 227791, six specimens (Coll. No. 886); Cat. No. 249783, two 

specimens (Coll. No. 1055). Cat. No. 253740, U.S.N.M., are specimens 

from Tafalbi, South Africa. 

PATELLA COCHLEAR Born. 

Cat. No. 17344, U.S.N.M., six specimens from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 90621, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same place. 

In addition to these, the United States National Museum contains 

four lots from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 186903, one specimen


(Coll. No. 273) ; Cat. No. 249900, two specimens (Coll. No. 1172) ; Cat. 

No. 249901, two specimens (Coll. No. 1173); Cat. No. 249902, two 


PATELLA CAPENSIS Dunker. 


Hope. Cat. No. 89839, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the same 

place. In addition to these, the United States National Museum has 

three lots from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 249782, one specimen 


Cat. No. 250568, another specimen (Coll. No. 1441). 

PATELLA DUNKERI Krauss. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay, 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 125374, U.S.N.M., one specimen from 

Cape Town. Cat. No. 186895a, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 265a). Cat. No. 227792, U.S.N.M., two specimens 


PATELLA PRUINOSA Krauss. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay, Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 17352, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186904, U.S.N.M., three specimens from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 274). Cat. No. 250566, U.S.N.M., contains a 

young specimen of this species (Coll. No. 1439). 

Genus HELCION Montfort. 

HELCION PECTINATUS Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 188, U.S.N.M., six specimens collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False Bay, Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 18790, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 

Elizabeth. Cat. No. 21823, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Algoa Bay. 


five lots from the Cape of Good Hope, as follows: Cat. No. 32008, one 

specimen; Cat. No. 89843, three specimens; Cat. No. No. 89844, one 

specimen; Cat. No. 120239, one specimen; Cat. No. 128378, one 

specimen. Cat. No. 186905, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 


Family PHASIANELLIDAE. 

Genus PHASIANELLA Lamarck. 

PHASIANELLA KOCHII Phllippi. 

Cat. No. 18793, U.S.N.M., twelve specimens from Port Elizabeth. 

Cat. No. 43122, U.S.N.M., twenty-six specimens from Cape of Good


Hope. Cat. No. 97997, U.S.N.M., seven specimens from Knysna, 

South Africa. Cat. No. 98015, U.S.N.M., thirty-seven specimens 

from Kleinemond, South Africa. Cat. No. 186868, U.S.N.M., four 

specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 238). Cat. No. 187093, U.S.N.M., 

three specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 637). Cat. No. 

250505, U.S.N. M., seventeen specimens from the same place (Coll. 

No. 1378). Cat. No. 272128, U.S.N.M., two specimens from South 

Africa. Cat. No. 272944, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port 

Natal. 

PHASIANELLA ELONGATA Krauss. 




PHASIANELLA CAPENSIS Dunker. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, at Simons Bay, Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 43122a, U.S.N.M., six specimens from the 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 89237, U.S.N.M., eight specimens 


PHASIANELLA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, very elongate-conic; ground color yellowish, upon 

which are superimposed numerous irregular blotches and flammu- 

lations of varying shades of brown, which usually are preceded by a 

white patch. Frequently there is a row of distantly spaced, light 

blue dots near the suture. Nuclear whorls two, well rounded, form- 

ing a depressed, flattened apex. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, 

appressed at the summit, and marked by exceedingly fine lines of 

growth only. Periphery of last whorl rounded. Base rather short, 

well rounded. Aperture almost circular; outer lip thin, showing the 

exterior markings within; inner lip well curved and slightly reflected 

over the base; parietal wall covered with a thin callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 240). The type has three and one-half 

post nuclear whorls and measures : Length, 3.5 mm. ; diameter, 2.7 mm. 

Related to Phasianella capensis, but at once distinguished from it 

by its minute size. 

Three additional lots from Port Alfred are in the collection of the 

United States National Museum, Cat. No. 250506, three specimens 


Cat. No. 249774, three specimens (Coll. No. 1046). 

PHASIANELLA BICARINATA Dunker. 

Cat. No. 186869, U.S.N.M., three specimens- from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 239).


PHASIANELLA NERITINA Dunker. 


Hope. Cat. No. 31693, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same 

locality. Cat. No. 125382, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Cape 

Town. 

• 

Family TURBINIDAE. 

Genus TURBO Linnaeus. 

TURBO SARMATICUS Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 96, U.S.N.M., eight specimens collected by William Stimpson 

under and above stones, at Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope, on 

the North Pacific Exploring Expedition. Cat. No. 101, U.S.N .M., 

one specimen, obtained at the same place by the same collector. 

Cat. No. 18357, U.S.N.M., four specimens collected at the Cape of 

Good Hope by the Exploring Expedition. Cat. No. 89946, U.S.N.M., 

one specimen from the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 98010, U.S.N.M., 

seven specimens from Kasouga, South Africa. Cat. No. 186864, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 234). 

TURBO CIDARIS Gmelin. 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay, Cape 


Elizabeth. 


No. 1368). 

TURBO NATALENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 98007, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the Peddie Coast, 

South Africa. Cat. No. 186863, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 


Cat. No. 250495, U.S.N .M., two specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 1368). 

TURBO CORONATUS Gmelin. 

Cat. No. 98006, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Kaffraria, South 

Africa. 

Genus ASTRAEA Bolten. 

ASTRAEA TAYLORIANA Smith. 


No. 232). 

Genus LEPTOTHYRA Dall. 

LEPTOTHYRA SPURIA Gould. 

Plate 22, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Monilea spuria Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 17, 1861. 

Shell broadly depressed, conic, yellowish-white. Nuclear whorls 

two, the first smooth, the second marked by many fine raised axial

SOUTH AFRICAN- MARINE MOLLUSKS. 147 

threads which are about as wide as the spaces that separate them. 

Postnuclear whorls marked by four, strong, broad, rounded, spiral 

cords of which the first is at the summit, while the second is a little 

nearer the first than it is to the third, the fourth, marking the periphery, 

is about as far from the third as that is from the second. On 

the last turn two additional slender spiral threads make their appear- 

ance, one immediately anterior to the second, the other, anterior to the 

third heavy spiral cord. The cords are marked quite regularly by 

weak tubercles which are about as long as they are broad and are 

separated from each other by a space about two-thirds as wide as a 

tubercle. Sutures deeply channelled. Periphery of the last whorl 

well rounded. Base short, well rounded, marked by seven strong 

rounded spiral cords which increase in size from the periphery to the 

columellar chink. The spaces separating the cords are deep sulci 

narrower than the cords. The entire surface is marked by closely 

spaced, very slender, wavy, axial threads. Aperture very oblique, 

small, outer lip bending strongly anteriorly to join the columella, 

thin at the edge, where it is rendered wavy by the sculpture, but very 

thick a little behind the edge; columella short, decidedly revolute; 

parietal wall covered with a thick callus which completes the peri- 

treme. 

Cat. No. 24269, U.S.N.M., contains Gould's cotypes, three specimens 

collected by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring 

Expedition at Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope. We have figured 

the largest of these, which has two and one-fourth postnuclear whorls, 

and measures: Altitude, 5.5 mm.; greater diameter, 6.5 mm.; lesser 


LEPTOTHYRA AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 22, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell with moderately elevated spire. Nuclear whorls white, the 

rest marked with irregular axial bands of white and reddish brown. 

Nuclear whorls two, apparently smooth. Postnuclear whorls marked 

the first of which 

with three strong spiral cords between the sutures ; 

is a little below the summit, while the third is a little posterior to the 

periphery, the second being midway between them. The sulci 

between the cords are almost two times as wide as the cords. On the 

last whorl an additional cord appears between the first and second 

and second and third. In each case this anterior cord is greater than 

the primary ones and a little nearer to the one posterior than to its 

anterior neighbor. In addition to the spiral sculpture, the whorls 

are marked by numerous, fine, retractive, axial threads. Sutures 

strongly impressed. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a strong 

spiral cord. Base short, well rounded, marked with four strong, 

spiral cords which equal the peripheral one in strength and a tumid


area which extends over the anterior third of the base. The sulci 

separating the cords on the base are about as wide as the cords. The 

sulcus immediately anterior to the peripheral cord carries a slender 

thread equal to the posterior cord on the spire. Aperture sub- 

circular; outer lip thick within, thinning to the somewhat sinuous 

edge; inner lip very strongly curved and slightly reflected over the 

base; parietal wall covered with a thick callus. In addition to the 

spiral sculpture the base is marked by the continuation of the fine 

axial threads. 

Young specimens are very broadly umbilicated. In the adult, 

however, the last whorl bends in and completely covers the umbilicus. 

The type and three specimens of this species, Cat. No. 

186866, U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 236). The 

type, an adult specimen, having two and one-fourth postnuclear 

whorls, measures: Altitude, 5.2 mm.; greater diameter, 7.2 mm. 

LEPTOTHYRA QUANTILLA Gould. 

Plate 23, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Collonip. quantilla Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 22, 1861. 

Shell small, apex wax yellow, the rest bright red, excepting the 

umbilical area of the base, which is white. Nuclear whorls well 

rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls marked by strong, rounded, 

spiral cords which are a little wider than the spaces that separate 

them; of these cords four occur upon the first and second; five upon 

the third, and six upon the last turn. The axial sculpture of the spire 

consists of fine incremental lines only. Sutures channelled. Periphery 

of the last whorl well rounded. Base short, well rounded, 

narrowly, openly umbilicated, marked by 15 low, well rounded, spiral 

cords which are about twice as broad as the spaces that separate them, 

and fine incremental lines. Aperture very oblique, subcircular; 

outer lip thin at the edge but very much thickened immediately 

behind this; columella very thick and strongly curved; parietal wall 

covered with a thick callus. 

Cat. No. 135, U.S.N.M., Gould's type, was collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simon's Bay, 

Cape of Good Hope. It has almost three postnuclear whorls and 

measures: Altitude, 2 mm.; greater diameter, 2.8 mm.; lesser diame- 

ter, 2.3 mm. Two additional lots from Port Alfred are in the collection 

of the U.S.N.M., Cat. No. 186865a, one specimen (Coll. No. 

235a) and Cat. No. 249770 (Coll. No. 1042). 

LEPTOTHYRA CARMINEA, new species. 

Plate 23, figs. 7, 8, 9. 

Shell small, bright carmine red except the nuclear whorls, which 

are white. Nuclear whorls two and one-fourth, smooth, separated


by a scarcely perceptible suture, forming a depressed apex. Postnuclear 

whorls well rounded, the first ornamented with three spiral 

cords which are about one-third as wide as the spaces that separate 

them' and which divide the spaces between the sutures into four 

equal portions. On the last turn the spiral cords have increased to 

six which are equal and almost equally spaced. In addition to the 

spiral sculpture, the whorls are marked by numerous, feeble, de- 

cidedly retractive lines of growth. Sutures strongly impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base short, well rounded, 

narrowly unibilicated, marked by six spiral cords which equal those 

on the spire in strength with the exception of the anterior one which 

is much weaker than the rest. Aperture oval; outer lip very thick 

showing the exterior marking within by transparent light. Inner lip 

exceedingly thick, decidedly curved, partly reflected over and 

appressed to the base. 

The type and another specimen of this species Cat. No. 186865, 

U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 235). The type has two 

postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 2.4 mm.; greater diameter, 

3.3 mm. 

This species recalls Leptothyra sanguined Linnaeus, and may be what 

has been reported from South Africa under this name. It differs 

from sanguined by having the nuclear whorls white and in bemg umbilicated 

in the adult stage, also in detail of sculpture, but most 

conspicuously by its minute size. Cat. No. 272266, U.S.N.M., contains 

eight specimens from Algoa Bay. 

LEPTOTHYRA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 32, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell creamy yellow. The sculpture of the nuclear whorls is worn 

too badly to be determined. That of the first postnuclear turn 

consists of a very slender thread at the appressed summit, and three 

strong spiral keels, of which one is at the periphery, another about 

one-third of the distance between the summit and the suture, anterior 

to the summit, while the median one is a little nearer to the peri- 

pheral keel than the one below the summit. In addition to these 

strong spiral cords, the whorls are marked by fine, raised, spiral threads, 

of which eight occur on the concave shoulder between the summit 

and the strong keel below it, and five between the first keel and the 

median, and three between the median and the peripheral. In the 

latter case the middle one is fully twice as strong as the two slender 

threads bordering it. The base of the last whorl is marked by three 

strong spiral keels which divide the space between the peripheral 

keel and the umbilical region into four equal broad grooves, which 

are also marked with fine spiral threads, two occuring on the first 

and second below the periphery, and five between the second and 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 11


last. The open umbilicus is likewise marked with slender spiral 

threads. In addition to the spiral sculpture, the entire surface of 

the shell is marked by numerous, retractively slanting, slender, raised, 

axial threads, which are almost lamellar and are about one-fourth 

as wide as the spaces that separate them; of these, about 65 occur on 

the last turn. These threads run up on the sides of the strong spiral 

keels, and may pass over them; in our specimen the keels are too 

worn to determine this point. The axial sculpture is equally strong 

on the spire and the base and even bends into the umbilicus. Aper- 

ture very oblique, subcircular; outer lip rendered angulated by the 

spiral cords; inner lip strongly curved and slightly reflected. 


(Coll. No. 1373). It has four whorls, and measures: Altitude, 4.7 

mm.; greater diameter, 4.8 mm. 

Family TROCHIDAE. 

Genus CLANCULUS Montfort. 

CLANCULUS MINIATUS Anton. 

Cat. No. 134, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, at Simons 

Bay, Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 18753, U.S.N.M., five specimens 

.from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 43096, U.S.N.M., four specimens 

from the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186871, U.S.N.M., eight 

specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 241). Cat. No. 187104, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 649). 

CLANCULUS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 23, figs. 10, 11, 12. 

Shell broadly conic, rose colored, obscurely clouded with brown. 

The first turn of the nucleus is strongly rounded and smooth, the 

next is marked by three strong, spiral keels which divide the spaces 

between the sutures into four equal parts. On the next whorl a 

fourth keel makes its appearance between the summit and the 

first keel anterior to it. On this whorl, the lines of growth assume 

the form of slender threads. The post-nuclear whorls are marked 

by two strong angles, one of which is at the periphery and the other 

half-way between this and the summit. Each of these angles bears 

a strong tuberculated cord. Between the median angle and the 

summit of the whorls two tuberculated spiral cords occur upon the 

first turn, three on the second, and four upon the last, the cord at 

the summit having the strongest tubercles in each instance. Between 

the peripheral cord and the median there is a faint thread upon 

the first whorl, three nodulous cords on the second, of which the 

median is the strongest, and five on the last. All of these cords are


tuberculated. In addition to the above sculpture, the entire surface 

of the post-nuclear whorls is marked by very many, narrow, lamellar, 

axial threads, which pass over the grooves between the spiral cords 

and also the tubercles of the ridges. Sutures moderately impressed. 

Periphery rendered feebly angulated by a spiral cord. Base short, 

deeply and broadly umbilicated, marked with eight equal and equally 

spaced, strong, nodulous spiral cords and an equal number of weak 

nodulous spiral threads which occur half-way between the strong 

cords. One of these slender threads also occurs between the strong 

peripheral cord and the first basal. In addition to the above, the 

entire surface is marked by the continuations of the slender lamellar 

riblets. No ribs are apparent within the umbilicus. Aperture 

rhomboidal; outer lip rendered sinuous by the external sculpture, 

which is also true of the basal Up; inner lip oblique, straight; parietal 

wall not covered with a callus. 


(Coll. No. 241a). The type has a little more than two and one-half 

post-nuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 7.2 mm.; greater diameter, 

8.7 mm. 

CLANCULUS WALTONAE Sowerby. 




CLANCULUS MERULOIDES Krauss. 


Genus OXYSTELE Philippi. 

OXYSTELE MERULA Lamarck. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at the Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 36801, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 90152, U.S.N.M., two specimens 

from the same locality. Cat. No. 98008, U.S.N.M., three specimens 

from the Peddie coast, South Africa. Cat. No. 186881, U.S.N.M., 

three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 251). 

OXYSTELE TIGRINA Anton. 



Hope. Cat. No. 104a, U.S.N.M., six specimens collected by the 

same party at the same place. Cat. No. 98022, U.S.N.M., seven 

specimens from Peddie and Albany, South Africa. Cat. No. 186880, 

U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 250). 

Cat. No. 250491, U.S.N.M., three young specimens from the 

same locality (Coll. No. 1364).


OXYSTELE SAGITTIFERA Lamarck. 

The young of this species are exceedingly interesting and might 

lead one to consider them a Gibbula. I append a description. 

Shell very small, remarkably colored; lines of connected dots 

of red radiate from the summit of the turns, curving decidedly 

protractively down to the periphery. These are separated by bands 

of pale blue which are about as wide as the red bands. In some 

specimens the blue is replaced by olive. The under side is dotted 

with the same reddish brown spots at irregular intervals upon a 

light-olive ground. Nuclear whorls one and one-half, well rounded, 

smooth. Post-nuclear turns well rounded, slightly impressed at 

the summit to render the suture weakly channeled; marked with 

fine, depressed, slightly rounded, spiral threads, of which 17 

occur between the periphery and the summit on the last turn. 

These threads are separated by mere incised lines. The rest of 

the sculpture on the spire consists of very fine fines of growth. 

Periphery of the last whorl obtusely angulated. Base short, openly 

umbilicated, marked like the spire with slender, low, rounded 

threads, of which 12 occur between the edge of the umbilicus 

and the periphery. The umbilicus appears to be devoid of spiral 

sculpture, being marked only by the little coarser lines of growth. 

Aperture very large; outer lip thin; inner lip curved and slightly 

reflected. 

The specimen described has three post-nuclear whorls, and measures: 

Altitude, 1.8 mm.; greater diameter, 2.5 mm. 

Cat. No. 96, U.S.N.M., one specimen dollected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Ba} r , Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 113, U.S.N.M., fourteen specimens collected b}^ 

the same party at Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 89241, U.S.N.M., 

two specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 98009a, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from Kassouga, South Africa. Cat. No. 

98018, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the Peddie coast. Cat. 

No. 98019, U.S.N.M., seven specimens from the same locality. Cat. 

No. 98020, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the same place. Cat. 

No. 98021, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the Peddie coast. Cat. 

No. 98259, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat No. 125373, U.S.N .M., three specimens from Cape Town. Cat. 

No. 131106, U.S.N.M., one specimen labeled: "South Africa," without 

specific locality. Nine lots of this species, all from Port Alfred, 

are in the collection of the United States National Museum: Cat. 

No. 186873, four specimens (Coll. No. 248); Cat. No. 187107, two 

specimens (Coll. No. 652); Cat. No. 187108, one specimen (Coll. 

No. 653); Cat. No. 187113, one young specimen (Coll. No. 659); 

Cat. No. 249772, three young specimens (Coll. No. 1044); Cat. No. 

250488, eight specimens (Coll. No. 1361); Cat. No. 250489, four


specimens (Coll. No. 1362); Cat. No. 250490, four specimens (Coll. 

No. 1363); Cat. No. 250492, four young specimens (Coll. No. 1365); 

Cat. No. 250493, one specimen (Coll. No. 1366); Cat. No. 250494, 

one specimen (Coll. No. 1367); Cat. No. 250496, four young specimens 

(Coll. No. 1369). 

OXYSTELE TABULARIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 113a, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by William Stimpson 


Hope. Cat. No. 31697, U.S.N.M., five specimens from the Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 98009, U.S.N.M., five specimens from Kassouga, 

South Africa. Cat. No. 186879, U.S.N.M., three specimens 


Genus UMBONIUM Link. 

UMBONIUM VESTIARIUM Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 59857, U.S.N.M., contains twelve specimens from the 


Genus GIBBULA Risso. 

GIBBULA LOCULOSA Gould. 

Plate 23,figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Gibbula loculosa Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 21, 1861. 

Shell helicoid, light brown, with three large white spots between 

the suture and the periphery of each whorl, dividing the whorl into 

equal areas. There are also small spots darker than the general 

coloration which are especially apparent on the strong spiral cords 

which they divide into equal alternating light and dark areas. These 

small markings give the base a checker-board appearance. Nuclear 

whorls small, well rounded, the first smooth, the second provided with 

four feeble spiral threads. Postnuclear whorls marked by strong 

sublamellar spiral keels, of which four occur upon the first, and five 

upon the second. On the next turn an intercalated cord occurs 

between all the strong keels excepting the space between the third 

and fourth which has two. On the last turn two cords occur between 

the first and second keels, one between the second and third, three 

between the third and fourth and fourth and fifth. In addition to 

the spiral sculpture the whorJs are marked on the spire by numerous 

closely spaced, decidedly retractively slanting, thin, lamellar, axial 

riblets. Suture strongly impressed. Periphery rendered strongly 

angulated by a spiral keel, between which and the first supraperiph- 

eral keel two slender cords are presented. Base well rounded, narrowly 

umbilicated, marked by a series of more or less regularly alternating 

strong and less strong spiral cords of which there are twenty-


six in all. Aperture subcircular, outer lip thin, showing the external 

sculpture within, somewhat wavy at the edge; columella short, stout, 

strongly curved; parietal wall covered with a thin callus. 

There are two cotypes, Cat. No. 221, U.S.N.M., collected by Wil- 

liam Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False 

Bay, Cape of Good Hope. The larger of them, the specimen figured, 

has four postnuclear whorls, and measures : Altitude, 7.2 mm. greater 

; 

diameter, 8.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 7.5 mm. Cat. No. 101, U.S.N.M., 

contains one specimen also collected by William Stimpson at the 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 901 08&, U.S.N.M., one specimen from 

the Cape of Good Hope. 

GIBBULA FULGENS Gould. 

Plate 26, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Gibbulafulgens Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 21, 1861. 

Shell helicoid with rather elevated spire, light brown with blotches 

of dark brown and yellowish-white, these usually on and near the 

spiral cords, a pearly luster shining through the thin epidermis, par- 

ticularly in the lighter areas. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, 

well rounded, smooth, white. Postnuclear whorls ornamented by 

spiral cords of which three strong ones and two slender ones occur 

between the summit and the periphery on the first two whorls. The 

first strong cord is at the summit, the second, half way between the 

first and third, while the third is as far posterior to the suture as the 

second is removed from the first. The stronger of the two fine cords 

is half way between the first and second strong cords and the lesser, 

half way between this and the one at the summit. On the last turn 

a third slender cord occurs between the first and second strong cords, 

dividing the space between the medium slender cord and the second 

strong cord into equal portions; another slender cord divides the 

space between the second and third strong cords medially. Sutures 

strongly impressed. Periphery of the last whorl angulated. Base 

well rounded, narrowly umbilicated, marked by 10 strong spiral 

cords, which are almost equal and equally spaced, becoming succes- 

sively only a trifle less strong and more approximated to each other 

from the periphery toward the umbilicus. Aperture subcircular, 

very oblique; outer lip thin at the edge, thick within; columella 

strong, decidedly curved; parietal wall covered with a thin callus. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at the Cape of 

Good Hope; it has three and one-fourth postnuclear whorls, and 

measures: Altitude, 8 mm.; greater diameter, 7.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 

7 mm.


GIBBULA ARTICULATA Gould. 

Plate 25, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Margarita articulata Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 15, 1861. 

Shell horn colored with spots of brown, which equally divide the 

space with ground color on the spiral keels. There is a line of commashaped 

spots which extend from the summit into the flat space ante- 

rior to it. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, small, well rounded, 

smooth, white. Postnuclear whorls three and one-third, the first 

two marked by three strong lamellar spiral keels, the last by four 

between the summit and the periphery. The keels are equally spaced, 

the fourth being at the periphery, while the first is a little further 

from the summit than it is from its neighbor anteriorly. In addition 

to the spiral sculpture, the whorls are marked by very slender, closely 

spaced, axial threads which are best developed in the spaces between 

the spiral cords. Periphery and base well rounded, the latter broadly 

umbilicated and marked by 10 depressed spiral cords which are trun- 

cated posteriorly and slope gently anteriorly, the whole having the 

appearance of a series of imbricating bands. In addition to these, 

there are three cords in the umbilicus wider and stronger than those 

on the base. These cords are crossed by closely spaced riblets which 

give them a peculiarly notched appearance. Aperture subcircular; 

outer lip rendered sinuous by the spiral keels; columella slender, 

strongly curved; parietal wall covered with a thin callus. 



Cape of Good Hope. It has 3 J postnuclear whorls and measures: 

Altitude, 6 mm.; greater diameter, 7 mm.; lesser diameter, 6 mm. 

Two additional lots are in the United States National Museum. Cat. 

No. 90108, U.S.N.M., one specimenfrom the Capeof Good Hope. Cat. 

No. 187106, U.S.N. M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 651). 

GIBBULA FUCATA Gould. 

Plate 27, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Gibbulafucata Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 20, 1861. 

Shell elevated, helicoid, apex red, the rest variously spotted, 

streaked and blotched with Indian red, pale yellow, light green and 

brown. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, well rounded, smooth. 

Postnuclear whorls marked by four, very strong, rounded, equal, and 

equally spaced, spiral cords, of which the first is at the summit and the 

fourth at the periphery. On the last turn the cord at the summit becomes 

obsolete. In addition to the spiral sculpture the whorls are 

marked by very retractively slanting, closely spaced lines of growth. 

Periphery of the last whorl rendered decidedly angulated by the 

spiral cord. Base short, well rounded, marked on the posterior fourth


by six, narrow, flattened, spiral bands and between these and the 

umbilical chink by seven additional bands of about double the width 

of the former. Umbilicus covered with a white callus. Aperture 

subcircular, very oblique; outer lip thin at the edge, thick within; 

columella strong and decidedly curved; parietal wall covered by a 


Gould's cotypes, Cat. No. 2047, U.S.N .M., two specimens, were col- 

lected by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition 

at the Cape of Good Hope. The largest of these two specimens has 

two and one-eighth postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 5.6 

mm.; greater diameter, 7.3 mm.; lesser diameter, 6 mm. Cat. No. 

186876, U.S.N .M., contains three specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 246). 

GIBBULA CICER Menke. 

Plate 30, figs. 8, 9, 10. 

Cat. No. 144, U.S.N.M., Gould's cotypes, eleven specimens of 

Gibbula musiva, a synonym of the above species, one of which is 

figured. Cat. No. 150, U.S.N.M., seven specimens collected by 

William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition 

at Simons Bay. Cat. No. 222, U.S.N .M., three specimens collected 

by the same at False Bay. Cat. No. 43098, U.S.N .M., eight specimens 

from the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 43122&, U.S.N .M., one specimen 

from the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 98260, U.S.N .M., two 

specimens from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186877, U.S.N .M., three 

specimens fromPort Alfred (Coll. No. 247). Cat. No. 250499, U.S.N .M., 

contains another specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 1372). 

Cat. No. 272127, U.S.N.M., an additional specimen from Natal. 

GIBBULA GAUDIOSA Gould. 

Plate 28, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Gibbula gaudiosa Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 21, 1861. 

Shell helicoid, moderately elevated, red, with four regularly spaced 

triangular sectors of greenish yellow, on the last turn and one on the 

whorl preceding this. The cords of the early turns are of the most 

intense red, equaling the base in the brilliancy of this color. Nuclear 

whorls, one and one-half, white. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, 

the first and second marked by four equal, and equally spaced, 

strong, spiral keels. On the third, a fine, intercalated thread oc- 

curs between the strong cords, while on the last turn the number of 

fine spiral threads between the strong cords is doubled. In addi- 

tion to the above sculpture, the spire is marked by rather strong, 

closely spaced, retractive incremental lines. Sutures strongly impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl rendered strongly angulated by 

the fourth strong spiral cord. Base short, well rounded, marked by 

15 almost equal and equally spaced, well-rounded, spiral cords. Aper-


ture subcircular, oblique; outer lip thin at the edge where it is ren- 

dered sinuous by the strong spiral cords ; columella moderately stout, 

well curved ; 

parietal wall covered with a thin callus. 

Gould's cotypes, two specimens, Cat. No. 222a, U.S.N.M., were 

collected by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedi- 

tion at False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. The largest of these, the 

specimen figured, has almost four postnuclear whorls, and measures: 

Altitude, 5.6 mm.; greater diameter, 5.7 mm.; lesser diameter, 5 mm. 

Cat. No. 187110, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

656). 

GIBBULA THALIA, new species. 

Plate 30, fige. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell small, white, flaked with large patches of brown, sprinkled 

irregularly with blotches of carmine. Nuclear whorls two and one- 

half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls strongly rounded, 

marked with five strong, equal, spiral keels between the sutures, of 

which the first is at the summit, while the last forms the peripheral 

keel. The spaces between the spiral keels are a little wider than the 

keels. In addition to the spiral sculpture the whorls are marked by 

very numerous, decidedly retractive, axial threads. Sutures strongly 

impressed. Base moderately long, Well rounded, strongly, openly 

umbilicated, marked by nine, equal and equally spaced, depressed 

spiral cords, which are almost double the width of the spaces that 

separate them. In addition to these spiral cords the base is marked 

by the continuations of the axial threads. Inside of umbilicus smooth. 

Aperture subcircular, oblique; outer lip rendered decidedly sinuous 

at the edge by the external sculpture; inner lip strongly curved and 

slightly reflected. 


No. 658). It has three postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 

4.5 mm.; greater diameter, 5.5 mm. 

GIBBULA HERA, new species. 

Plate 26, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell subglobose, very dark brown, mottled and streaked with 

yellow horn color. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, well rounded, 

smooth. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, decidedly shouldered at 

the summit, marked between this and the suture by broad, depressed, 

spiral cords, of which five occur upon the first, six upon the second, 

while the last whorl has eight, owing to splitting of the primary 

cords. The spaces that separate the cords are less than one-half the 

width of the cords and are very feebly impressed. In addition to the 

above sculpture the spire is marked with feeble, decidedly retractive 

lines of growth which pass over the cords and grooves. Periphery 

of the last whorl subangulated, marked by a slender spiral cord.


Base moderately long, well rounded, and openly, broadly umbilicated, 

marked by 13 subequal and subequally spaced spiral threads which 

are wider than the spaces that separate them. In addition to the 

spiral cords, the base is marked by the continuation of the lines of 

growth. Inside of umbilicus smooth. Aperture large, subquadrate; 

outer and basal lips thin, forming a decided angle at their junction; 

inner lips oblique, smooth, sinuous; parietal wall glazed with a thin 

callus. 

The type and two specimens of the species, Cat. No. 90108a, 

U.S.N.M., come from the Cape of Good Hope. The type has three 

and one-fourth postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 7 mm.; 

greater diameter, 8 mm. 

GIBBULA MULTICOLOR Krauss. 


(Coll. No. 244). Cat. No. 250508, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 


GIBBULA BENZI Krauss. 

Cat. No. 221a, U.S.N.M., two specimens collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, at False Bay, 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186875, U.S.N.M., four specimens from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 245). Cat. No. 186876a, U.S.N.M., one 

specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 246a). 

GIBBULA CAPENSIS Gmelin. 

Cat. No. 98261, U.S.N .M., two specimens from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 253737, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the same 

locality. 

GIBBULA AGLAIA, new species. 

Plate 27, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell depressed, conic, of yellowish white ground color, profusely 

spotted and dashed with red. A series of large interrupted blotches 

form a chain on the shoulder while the spiral cords are marked by 

equally spaced, comma-shaped markings. On the peripheral cord 

is another series of regularly spaced blotches, while one of the cords 

of the base is marked at regular intervals with dots of red. Nuclear 

whorls two, depressed helicoid. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, 

appressed at the summit, marked between the sutures by three feebly 

developed spiral cords which appear truncated posteriorly and slope 

gently anteriorly to the next cord, giving the whorl the effect of 

being wrapped by three turns of a bandage. The space between the 

posterior edge of the first band and the summit is a little wider than 

the other three spaces, which are equal. Suture moderately impressed. 

Periphery of the last whorl rendered somewhat angular by the spiral 

cord. Base broadly, openly umbilicated, marked with six spiral


bands which have the same arrangement as the spiral sculpture on 

the spire. The umbilicus is without any sculpture. Entire surface 

of spire and base marked by exceedingly fine lines of growth which are 

decidedly retractively slanted on the spire. Aperture subquadrate, 

decidedly oblique; outer and basal lips forming an obtuse angle at 

their junction; inner lip thick, decidedly sinuous; parietal wall 


The type, Cat. No. 102730, U.S.N.M., comes from the Cape of Good 

Hope. It has four postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 

6 mm.; greater diameter, 6.4 mm. Cat. No. 43011a, U.S.N.M., contains 

one specimen from the Cape of Good Hope. 

GIBBULA MEDUSA, new species. 

Plate 29, figs. 7, 8, 9. 

Shell depressed conic. Nuclear whorls white. Postnuclear whorls 

marked with broad axial bands of brown which ma} T 

extend 

entirely across the whorls, or may be interrupted in the middle. 

These bands of brown are separated by spaces of a light sage green, 

which are about as wide as the brown bands on the posterior half of 

the whorls between the sutures; the green area fading to yellow 

anteriorly. These light areas are speckled with small dots of chestnut 

and clouded in places with pale brown. The base is pale green, 

profusely spotted with dots and blotches of red. Nuclear whorls two 

and a quarter, depressed helicoid. Postnuclear whorls evenly 

rounded, marked with two, broad, spiral bands, which extend over the 

anterior half of the whorls between the sutures, where they appear 

as two turns of a bandage. The periphery of the last whorl is marked 

by a moderately strong spiral keel which renders it angulated. 

Sutures feebly constricted. Base short, well rounded, broadly 

umbilicated; marked by seven broad low bands which grow successively 

wider from the umbilical edge toward the periphery. These 

bands appear as a series of turns of a bandage. Umbilicus 

without any spiral sculpture. The entire surface of spire and base 

is marked with faint retractive lines of growth. Aperture very 

oblique, oval ; outer and basal lips thin, showing the external markings 

within; inner lip quite thick, evenly curved; parietal wall glazed 

with a very thin callus. 


U.S.N.M., come from the Cape of Good Hope. The type has two 

and one-half postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 3.5 mm.; 


GIBBULA TRYONI Pilsbry. 


(Coll. No. 243).


GIBBULA PINTADO Gould. 

Plate 28, figs. 10, 11, 12. 

Margarita pintado Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 16, 1861. 

Shell helicoid, moderately elevated, wax yellow ground color, 

marked with elongate brown spots on the spiral keels, which are equal 

to the intervening light areas that separate them in length. Color 

pattern of base similar to that of the spire. Nuclear whorls one and 

one-half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls strongly 

rounded, marked by seven well rounded, equally developed and 

equally spaced, spiral cords on all the turns between the summit and 

the periphery. Suture feebly impressed. Periphery of the last 

whorl well rounded. Base moderately long, well rounded and narrowly 

umbilicated, marked by 15 almost equal and equally spaced 

spiral cords; in the spaces between several of these a fine, spiral line is 

apparent. Umbilicus without spiral sculpture. The entire surface 

is marked with very slender, decidedly, retractively, slanting, regu- 

larly spaced axial threads. Aperture oblique, subquadrate; outer lip 

thin, rendered wavy on the edge by the external sculpture; columella 

stout, very oblique, almost straight; parietal wall covered with a thin 

callus. 

Gould's type, Cat. No. 213, U.S.N.M., was dredged by William 

Stimpson on North Pacific Exploring Expedition, in 12 fathoms, on 

sand bottom, in Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope. It has 3 \ post- 

nuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 4.5 mm.; greater diameter, 

5.6 mm.; lesser diameter, 5.1 mm. 

GIBBULA ZONATA Wood. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition in Simons Bay, 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 18697, U.S.N.M., three specimens from 

the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 42887, U.S.N.M., six specimens 

from the same place. Cat. No. 90127, U.S.N.M., seven specimens 

from the same locality. Cat. No. 250497, U.S.N.M., two young specimens 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1370) . Cat. No. 250528, two young 

specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 1401). Cat. No. 272126, 

U.S.N.M., two from the Cape of Good Hope. 

GIBBULA RIFACA, new species. 

Plate 32, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Shell sublenticular, wax colored, with irregular blotchings and spot- 

tings of very pale chestnut brown; upper surface depressed, helicoid. 

The nucleus consists of a little more than one whorl, which is well 

rounded and smooth. Postnuclear turns marked by strongly incised 

spiral lines, causing the space between them to appear as raised, well


rounded spiral cords on the first two postnuclear whorls and as broad 

flattened cords on the last turn. Eight of these spiral cords appear 

on the first, seven on the second, while on the last turn 12, including 

the peripheral cord, appear between the periphery and the summit, 

those nearest the periphery on this whorl being much narrower than 

on the posterior portion of the whorl. Sutures well marked. Periph- 

ery of the last whorl very strongly angulated. Base very short, 

slightly concave, broadly, openly umbilicated, marked by 12 de- 

pressed, rounded spiral cords of somewhat varying width. The entire 

surface of the shell is marked by slender lines of growth which extend 

over the base and into the umbilicus. Aperture very oblique, large; 

outer lip thin, showing the external sculpture within ; inner lip almost 

vertical, sinuous, reflected over and appressed to the preceding whorl. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 657). The type has three and one-half 

postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 3.5 mm.; greater diameter, 

5 mm. 

Genus SOLARIELLA Wood. 

SOLARIELLA FUSCOMACULATA Smith. 


No. 643). 

SOLARIELLA, species ? 


Alfred (Coll. No. 644), which belong to this genus, but which are too 

worn to be properly identified. Cat. No. 250525, U.S.N.M., contains 

two additional specimens of this species, but also too worn to serve 

for diagnosis (Coll. No. 1398), from Port Alfred. 

Genus CALLIOSTOMA Swainson. 

CALLIOSTOMA EUCOSMIA, new species. 

Plate 25, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell broadly conic, of wax ground-color, variously mottled and 

clouded with patches of white and brown; on the spire there is also a 

narrow purple band which extends over the periphery and a little pos- 

terior to it on the early whorls. On the base, particularly on the area 

adjacent to the umbilical region, brown flakes alternating with flakes 

of white, form a chain-like pattern. Nuclear whoils about one and 

one-half, well rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls moderately 

rounded, marked with subequal, and subequally spaced, granulose, 

spiral cords, of which 4 occur upon the first, 5 upon the second, 7 upon 

the third, 12 upon the fourth, and 23 upon the last whorl between the 

sutures. These cords are about as wide as the spaces that separate 

them. The tubercles on them are elongated, their long axes coincid-


ing with the spiral sculpture. In addition to the spiral sculpture the 

whorls are marked by fine, decidedly retractive lines of growth. 

Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery of the last whorl strongly 

angulated, marked by a cord about doubly as wide as those occurring 

on the spire. Base very short, well rounded, slightly concaved at the 

umbilical area, marked by 20 spiral cords which, on the posterior 

half, are subequal and subequally spaced, while those on the anterior 

half are alternately wider and narrower. The spaces between the 

cords equal the cords in width. Aperture rhomboidal; outer lip thin, 

showing the external sculpture within by transmitted light; ren- 

dered feebly wavy by the external sculpture at the edge, which is 

also true of the basal lip. The junction of the basal and outer lips 

forms almost a right angle; columella very oblique, strongly curved 

and partly reflected over the base as a smooth callus. 

The type, Cat. No. 97988, U.S.N.M., and three specimens of this 

species come from Albany and Peddie, South Africa. The type has 

six and one-half postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 20 mm.; 


Some of the specimens in our collection are suffused with a purple 

color. It seems remarkable that this large species should have been 

overlooked so long. In our collection it has appeared under the names 

of Calliostoma rufopunctata , ornata, and bicingulatum. 

Cat. No. 18711, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens from the Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 186872, U.S.N.M., three specimens from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 242). Cat. No. 187102, U.S.N.M., one specimen 


two young specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 1389). 

CALLIOSTOMA AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 24, figs. 2, 4, 6. 

Shell regularly conic, flesh colored, with squarish maculations of 

chestnut brown, the latter occupy a zone extending from the 

periphery to the middle of the whorl, and are separated from each 

other by a space about equal to the width of the brown spots. On 

the base the spiral cords are dotted with maculations of the same 

color. Nuclear whorls, at least two, apparently smooth. The postnuclear 

whorls are marked by spiral cords and axial riblets forming 

tubercles at their junction, thus lending the spiral cords a granulated 

appearance. Of these cords, 3 occur upon the first, 4 upon the sec- 

ond, 7 upon the third, 8 upon the fourth, and 10 upon the penultimate 

turn between the periphery and the summit. These spiral 

cords are separated on all but the last whorl by spaces about equal 

to the cords in width. On the last turn, however, the sulci are 

broader and the tuberculated cords are less regular than on the pre- 

ceding turns. Sutures slightly constricted. Periphery of the last


whorl decidedly angulated, marked by a broad spiral cord. Base 

short, slightly rounded, marked by 14 somewhat flattened spiral 

cords of somewhat irregular width, increasing slightly in width 

from the periphery to the umbilical area. The spaces that separate 

them are also of somewhat irregular width, but in general are almost 

as wide as the cord. In addition to the spiral sculpture, the base is 

marked by numerous coarse lines of growth which cut the cords but 

do not render them tuberculated. Aperture subcircular; posterior 

angle obtuse; outer lip thin; columella strongly curved and re- 

flected over the base as a slight callus at the umbilical area. 



five postnuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 12.8 mm.; greater 


Two additional lots are in the collection from Port Alfred, as fol- 

lows: Cat. No. 187103, U.S.N.M., one specimen (Coll. No. 647); Cat. 

No. 249764, U.S.N.M., two specimens (Coll. No. 1036). Another 

specimen comes from Albany or Peddie, South Africa, Cat. No. 

97988, U.S.N.M. 

This shell resembles in a general way C. eucosmia, but differs in 

being much more narrowly conic, and also in detail of sculpture. 

CALLIOSTOMA, species ? 

Cat. No. 42845, U.S.N.M., contains two young specimens of a 

species from the Cape of Good Hope winch we are unable to refer to 

any of the known forms. Cat. No. 97988a, U.S.N.M., a young specimen 

of the same species from Albany or Peddie, South Africa. 

Genus EUCHELUS Philippi. 

EUCHELUS NATALENSIS Smith. 


No. 1374). 

Genus CYNISCA H. and A. Adams. 

CYNISCA FORTICOSTATA Smith. 


No. 252). Cat. No. 227780, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the 


CYNISCA GLORIOSA, new species. 

Plate 31, figs. 6, 7, 8. 

Shell depressed helicoid, reddish brown excepting the tips of the 

tubercles, which are lighter, and the apex, which is white. Nuclear 

whorls, a little more than two, well rounded, smooth, separated by a 

quite strongly channeled suture. Postnuclear whorls ornamented 

by strong spiral cords, of which three occur upon the first, the first


and broadest of these being at the summit, the next in strength being 

a median, while the third is a little less strong and is a little posterior 

to the periphery. On the second turn the first cord splits, the two 

elements becoming equal in strength eventually. The spaces which 

separate the cords are strongly impressed spiral grooves. The axial 

sculpture consists of rather broad, low ribs, the intersection of which 

with the spiral sculpture form well marked tubercles. In the broad 

spiral grooves which separate the spiral cords there appear numerous 

fine axial threads. Sutures strongly channeled. Periphery of the 

last whorl marked by a spiral cord a little less strong than the first 

supraperipheral cord. Base short, broadly, openly urnbilicated, well 

rounded, having six weakly tuberculated spiral cords between the 

peripheral cord and the umbilicus, the last one marking the edge of 

the umbilicus. These cords are of equal strength, and are separated 

by strong sulci almost as wide as the cords, which are crossed by 

numerous very fine axial threads. There is another spiral cord immediately 

within the umbilicus. The rest of the umbilicus is marked 

by fine axial threads only. Aperture oblique, subcyhndric; pos- 

terior angle obtuse; outer lip rendered sinuous by the external sculp- 

ture; inner lip very thick, almost straight on the outer edge, the 

inner strongly curved; parietal wall glazed with a thick callus. 



one and one-half whorls, and measures: Altitude, 5.5 mm .; greater 

diameter, 7 mm. Cat. No. 250552, U.S.N.M., contains four young 

specimens of the same species, also from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1425). 

CYNISCA ALFREDENSIS, n«w species. 

Plate 29, figs. 10, 11, 12. 

Shell depressed helicoid ; bluish white, irregularly spotted with dots 

of carmine red on the upper surface. Nuclear whorls badly worn 

in all our specimens; the succeeding turns ornamented between the 

sutures by three strong spiral cords which are feebly tuberculated. 

The first of these cords is a little anterior to the summit, the space 

between the summit and the cord being almost as wide as the space 

between the first and median cords. The third cord is quite a bit 

posterior to the suture. The four sulci separating these three cords 

are deep and rounded and are crossed by very numerous, very fine, 

axial threads. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a spiral cord 

as strong as those between the sutures, which is separated from the 

first supraperipheral cord by a sulcus almost as wide as those on the 

spire and like these crossed by numerous fine axial fines. Base 

moderately rounded, marked with three strong spiral cords, of which 

the one joining the umbilicus is about twice as wide as the others. 

The three grooves separating these cords are about as wide as the


posterior two cords on the base. Umbilicus broad and funnel shaped, 

the umbilical wall being marked by three weak spiral cords. Aper- 

ture irregular, ovate; outer and basal lips very thick, rendered sinuous 

by the external sculpture; inner lip very thick, almost vertical, somewhat 

curved ; parietal wall covered b} r a moderately thick callus. 

The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 187109, U.S.N.M. (Coll. 

No. 655), come from Port Alfred. The type has four postnuclear 

whorls, and measures: Altitude, 4.5 mm.; greater diameter, 8 mm.; 

lesser diameter, 7 mm. Cat. No. 227781, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 876), 

contains three specimens from the same locality. Cat. No. 250513, 

U.S.N.M., another specimen from the same place (Coll. No. 1386). 

CYNISCA AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 28, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Shell small, white. Nuclear whorls a little more than two, smooth, 

well rounded, separated by a well impressed suture. Postnuclear 

whorls almost two, well rounded, ornamented between the sutures 

by three strong spiral keels of which the first, which is a little anterior 

to the summit, is nodulous. The deep grooves separating these 

strong keels are a little wider than the keels. The axial sculpture is 

reduced to exceedingly fine retractive lines of growth. Periphery 

of the last whorl marked by a strong keel which equals the one posterior 

to it in strength and is separated from this by a sulcus as deep 

and broad as that which separates the keel posterior to it from its 

posterior neighbor. Base deeply umbilicated, moderately well 

rounded, marked by four strong spiral cords of which the last bounds 

the umbilicus. This and the one next to it are tuberculated, while 

the two posterior to it are smooth. The deep, broad sulci separating 

these spiral cords are crossed by fine axial lines of growth. Aperture 

oblique, oval; outer lip very thick; inner lip thick, decidedly curved; 

parietal wall covered with a thick callus. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 642). The type measures: Altitude, 2 

mm.; greater diameter, 2.6 mm. This species resembles Cynisca 

forticostata very much, but is at once distinguished from it by its 

minute size. Cat. No. 250514, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 


Genus TEINOSTOMA H. and A. Adams. 

TEINOSTOMA AFRICANA Smith. 

Cat. No. 86884, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens from Port Al- 

fred (Coll. No. 254). 

TEINOSTOMA ALFREDENSIS, new specie!. 

Plate 28, figs. 7, 8, 9. 

Shell small, white. Nucleus consisting of a single smooth turn. 

Postnuclear whorls two and one-third, well rounded, marked by 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 12


numerous equal and equally spaced, very fine, spiral striations and 

equally fine, decidedly, retractively, curved lines of growth, the com- 

bination of the two lending the surface a minutely reticulated ap- 

pearance. Sutures well impressed. Periphery of the last whorl well 

rounded. Base moderately rounded, depressed at the umbilical area 

which is covered by a strong callus. The. base, excepting the um- 

bilical area, which is smooth, is marked like the upper surface. 

Aperture exceedingly large, very oblique, subcircular; outer lip thick 

within, thinning to a sharp edge; inner lip very thick, strongly 

curved; parietal wall covered with an exceedingly thick callus, which 



(Coll. No. 235a). It measures: Altitude, 1.1 mm.; greater diameter, 

2 mm. 

Cat. No. 250537, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen from Port 


Family LIOTIIDAE. 

Genus ILAIRA A. Adams. 

ILAIRA FULGENS Gould. 

Plate 29, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Liotia fulgens Gould, Proc. Boat. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 142, 1859. 

Shell planorboid, yellow horn colored, with axial streaks of pale 

brown , and pearly iridescence shining through here and there. Whorls 

slightly rounded on the anterior half with a depressed concave area 

centering on the third, the outer fourth being flat. Entire surface 

marked by fine lines of growth only. Periphery of the shell with two 

very strong lamellar keels which inclose a broad deep channel between 

them. Base with a broad funnel-shaped umbilicus which is 

limited externally by a strong, well rounded, spiral cord. The space 

between the basal peripheral keel and the umbilical cord is flat. 

Aperture rendered pentagonal by the three cords, the posterior angle, 

and the junction of the basal lip with the columella. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simon's Bay, 

Cape of Good Hope. It has four whorls, and measures: Altitude, 

2.2 mm. greater diameter, 5 mm. ; lesser diameter, 4 mm. 

; 

Three additional lots of this species are in the collection from Port 

Alfred: Cat. No. 250535, U.S.N.M., one young specimen (Coll. No. 

1408); Cat. No. 250559, U.S.N.M., another young specimen (Coll. 

No. 1432) ; Cat. No. 250560, U.S.N.M., also a young specimen (Coll. 

No. 1433). 

Genus LIPPISTES Montfort. 

LIPPISTES GRAYI Adams. 


No. 695).


Family VITRINELLIDAE. 

Genus VITRINELLA C. B. Adams. 

VITRINELLA RIFACA, new species. 

Plate 37, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell small, planorboid, cream yellow. Nuclear whorls two, well 

rounded, smooth. Postnuclear whorls one and one-fifth, well rounded, 

marked by lines of growth only. Sutures strongly impressed. Pe- 

riphery of the last whorl well rounded. Base very broadly umbili- 

cated, showing all the whorls within, the individual whorls well 

rounded, smooth excepting the lines of growth. Aperture slightly 

oblique, subcircular, thin at the edge, thickened only at the parietal 

wall. 


(Coll. No. 1047). It measures: Altitude, 0.5 mm.; greater diameter, 

1.8 mm. 

VITRINELLA CIFARA, new species. 

Plate 37, figs. 7, 8, 9. 

Shell small, depressed helicoid, translucent. Nuclear whorls a 

little more than two, well rounded, marked by fine lines of growth 

only. Postnuclear whorls well rounded, marked by strong lines of 

growth. Suture strongly impressed, almost channeled. Periphery 

strongly rounded. Base openly umbilicated, showing all the whorls 

within, which are well rounded and marked by lines of growth only. 

Aperture oblique, oval; outer lip thin; inner lip strongly curved; 

parietal wall covered with a thick callus which renders the peritreme 

complete. 


(Coll. No. 1039). It has a little more than one postnuclear turn, 

and measures: Altitude, 0.5 mm.; greater diameter, 1.4 mm. 

This species closely resembles the last, but is much more elevated, 

less widely umbilicated, and the whorls are bent more downward 

than in the preceding species. 

VITRINELLA FICARA, new species. 

Plate 34, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell rather large, planorboid, yellowish. Nuclear whorls one 

and one-half, very large, well rounded, smooth. Succeeding turns 

well rounded, marked by numerous ver} r fine thread-like ribs, the 

spaces between which are marked by numerous fine spiral striations. 

Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery strongly rounded. Base 

openly umbilicated, showing all the whorls within, which are less 

rounded and marked like the spire. Aperture oblique, subcircular. 


(Coll. No. 1047a). It has a little more than one and one-half post-


nuclear whorls, and measures: Altitude, 1.2 mm.; greater diameter, 

3 mm. 

VITRINELLA FACIRA, new species. 

Plate 34, figs. 5, 6, 7. 

Shell small, very depressed helicoid, thin, bluish white. The 

nucleus consists of two stages: In the first, embracing one and onehalf 

turns, the surface is smooth; in the second stage, which embraces 

a little more than a turn, the surface is marked by numerous, 

closely spaced, slender, spiral lirations. Postnuclear turns one and 

one-fourth, appressed at the summit, well rounded, smooth, marked 

by exceedingly fine lines of growth only. Periphery of the last whorl 

well rounded. Base openly umbilicated, the umbilicus occupying a 

little more than one-third of the diameter of the base, showing all 

the whorls within, which are well rounded and marked by lines of 

growth only. Aperture subcircular. 



2 mm. 

VITRINELLA (DOCOMPHALA) ARIFCA, new species. 

Plate 36, figs. 7, 8, 9. 

Shell minute, rather thick, semitranslucent, bluish white. Nuclear 

whorls one and one-half, well rounded, polished, smooth. Postnuclear 

turns one and one-fourth, strongly rounded, marked by two 

slender spiral cords at the summit and microscopic spiral striations 

on the rest of the surface. In addition to the spiral sculpture 

the turns are marked by fine lines of growth. On the outer edge 

of the aperture a number of strongly incised spiral scratches make 

their appearance. Sutures well impressed. Periphery of the last 

whorl well rounded. Base well rounded, strongly umbilicated. 

The umbilicus is limited exteriorly by a strong, slightly tuberculated, 

spiral cord. Three additional, strongly tuberculated, spiral cords, 

which decrease in strength from the outer edge inward, mark the 

inner wall of the umbilicus. The posterior portion of the base, 

between the limiting spiral cord of the umbilicus and the periphery, 

is smooth, while the other half adjoining the spiral cord is marked 

by decidedly retractively slanting, oblique, slender, axial ribs which 

anastomose with the spiral cord limiting the umbilicus. Aperture 

circular; outer lip very thick; inner lip very strong and reflected, 

strongly curved within, the outer edge oblique and straight. The 

posterior angle of the aperture is filled by a strong callus. 


U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1427). The type measures: 

Altitude, 0.6 mm.; greater diameter, 1.1 mm.

SOUTH AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 

Genus CYCLOSTREMA Marryat. 

CYCLOSTREMA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 35, figs. 6, 7, 8. 

169 

Shell small, milk white. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, well 

rounded, smooth. Post-nuclear whorls marked by four strong 

spiral keels, of which the first, which is the weakest, is a little anterior 

to the summit, while the second marks the very strong shoulder, 

the fourth forming the peripheral keel, and the third being half way 

between the second and the periphery. In addition to these spiral 

cords the whorls are marked by decidedly retractively slanting axial 

riblets which increase in strength and spacing as the shell progresses 

in size. About 25 of these occur on the last half of the last turn. 

These riblets cross the sulci, which are about twice as broad as the 

spiral cords, but do not seem to pass over the spiral cords. Periphery 

rendered angulated by the peripheral cord. Base well rounded, 

marked by three spiral cords, of which, the third and strongest bounas 

the moderately large umbilicus ; the other two divide the space between 

this and the peripheral cord into three equal parts. The deep sulci 

are marked by the continuation of the axial riblets. Aperture 

oblique, subcircular; outer lip rendered decidedly sinuous at the 

margin by the external sculpture, which is also apparent through 

the substance of the shell; inner lip oblique, slightly curved and 



(Coll. No. 1374). It has one and one-fifth postnuclear whorls, and 

measures: Altitude, 1.2 mm.; greater diameter, 1.7 mm. 

Genus CYCLOSTREMELLA Bush. 

CYCLOSTREMELLA FARICA, new species. 

Plate 32, figs. 7, 8, 9. 

Shell small, depressed helicoid, very thin, translucent, bluish 

white. Nuclear whorls a little more than one, well rounded, smooth. 

The first half postnuclear whorl is ornamented with a strong keel a 

little anterior to the summit and another a little posterior to the 

periphery; the spaces between the keel and the summit, and between 

the keels are finely striated. These striations become stronger and the 

keels less pronounced after passing the first half turn, until on the 

final whorl the shell is marked with numerous equal and equally 

spaced fine spiral lirations, of which the first two near the summit 

are a little weaker than the rest and give this narrow portion almost 

the appearance of a smooth band. About 40 of these lirations occur 

between the summit and the periphery. Sutures well impressed. 

Periphery well rounded. Base strongly rounded, with a broad 

umbilicus which extends over half of the diameter of the base. The 

outer limit of the umbilicus is marked by a strong spiral cord; another


equally strong is about as far within the umbilicus as it is separated 

from the first of the five additional spiral cords which mark the inner 

umbilical wall. The space between the outer limiting cord and the 

periphery is marked by fine spiral lirations, equaling those on the 

spire in strength and spacing. Aperture subcircular; outer lip thin, 

showing the external sculpture within ; inner lip strongly curved and 



(Coll. No. 1429). It has one and one-third postnu clear turns, and 

measures: Altitude, 1 mm.; greater diameter, 1.5 mm. 

CYCLOSTREMELLA AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 29, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell purplish pink, obscurely dotted and flecked with white excepting 

the nuclear whorls, which are of yellowish horn color. Nuclear 

whorls two and one-half, smooth, forming a depressed helicoid spire. 

Postnuclear whorls well rounded, appressed at the summit, marked 

by many equal, and subequally spaced, fine, spiral lines which are 

about one-fourth as wide as the spaces that separate them. In 

addition to the spiral sculpture, the whorls are marked by fine lines 

of growth and irregularly distributed, strong, depressed lines which 

appear as feeble varicial markings. Sutures well marked. Periphery 

of the last whorl rounded. Base well rounded, very broadly, openly 

umbilicated, marked like the spire by fine, incised spiral lines and the 

axial sculpture, the strong impressed axial lines becoming accentu- 

ated at the umbilicus, rendering the outer umbilical edge strongly 

notched. Aperture subcircular; posterior angle slightly channeled; 

outer lip joining the basal lip in a strong, even curve; inner lip 

moderately thick, slightly revolute; parietal wall covered with a thick 

callus which is so developed as to give the aperture the appearance 

of being notched at this place. 


U.S.N .M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 645). The type has a 

little more than one and one-half postnuclear whorls, and measures: 


CAPORBIS, new genus. 

Shell very small, sinistral, planorboid, marked with numerous 

lamellar, closely spaced, axial ribs. 

Type.— Caporbis africana. 

CAPORBIS AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 35, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell planorboid, sinistral, very small, bluish white, semitrans- 

lucent. Early whorls completely covered by the succeeding turns 

on the upper surface, where the last turn only is visible. This is 

marked by strong lamellar ribs which are decidedly sinuous and have


a retractive slant. These ribs become attenuated toward the summit 

to which they do not quite extend. They are about one-third 

as broad as the spaces that separate them. These spaces are marked 

near the periphery by a few, feebly expressed, fine, spiral lirations. 

Base sculpture similar to the upper surface except that only a very 

small portion of the smooth nuclear whorl is apparent. The ribs here 

decrease suddenly in size as they approach the inferior suture, and 

vanish just before reaching it. Aperture oblique, subcircular; outer 

lip thin, showing the external sculpture within; inner lip decidedly 

curved and somewhat reflected; parietal wall covered with a thick 

callus. 


No. 1392). It shows a little more than the last whorl, and measures: 


Cat. No. 250518 contains another specimen from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 1391). 

PONDORBIS, new genus. 

Shell minute, dextral, depressed helicoid. Nuclear whorls smooth. 

Postnuclear whorls well rounded, ornamented with distantly spaced, 

very regular, sublamellar ribs. 

Type.— Pondorbis alfredensis. 

PONDORBIS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 36, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell minute, depressed helicoid, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls 

a little more than one, smooth, well rounded. Postnuclear whorls 

well rounded, marked at regularly spaced intervals by very regular, 

sublamellar, protractively curved, axial ribs, of which seventeen occur 

upon the first whorl, while the one-fifth of a whorl beyond the first 

postnuclear whorl contains ten riblets which are less strongly developed, 

and more closely spaced. Periphery strongly curved. Base 

well rounded, openly umbihcated, showing all the whorls within, 

marked like the spire. Aperture circular; peristome complete. 



0.8 mm. 

Genus DISCOPbIS de Folin. 

DISCOPSIS PLANULATA Sowerby. 



from the same locality (Coll. No. 879). Cat. No. 227785, U.S.N.M., 

three specimens from the same source (Coll. No. 880).


DISCOPSIS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 31, figa. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell small, sublenticular, white, excepting the nuclear whorls, 

which are pale chestnut brown. Nuclear whorls two, small, wellrounded, 

forming an elevated helicoid spire with strongly impressed 

suture. Postnuclear whorls very wide, moderately rounded, marked 

by decidedly retractive, wavy riblets, which, on the last half of the 

last volution, become irregular and strongly wavy. These riblets 

are about one-fourth as wide as the shallow concave spaces that 

separate them. The latter are crossed by spiral threads which are 

almost equal to the axial riblets in strength. There are about 20 

of these between the summit and the periphery on the last turn. 

On the last half of the last turn these also become decidedly irregular 

and wavy, and the entire sculpture of this portion of the shell assumes 

a crinkly appearance. Periphery strongly angulated. Base with 

a very broad funnel-shaped umbilicus, which occupies fully half the 

space, and which is bordered by a tumid area at its exterior limit; 

the space between this tumid area and the peripheral angle is slightly 

concave. The entire surface of the base is marked by the continuation 

of the axial riblets, which are somewhat sinuous and become 

closer approximated here than on the spire. These riblets extend 

strongly into the umbilicus. The spaces between the riblets are 

marked by fine spiral striations. Aperture very large, very oblique, 

the basal and outer lip forming a decided angle at the periphery; 

posterior angle obtuse; outer Up decidedly patulous, thin, showing 

the external sculpture within; inner lip curved, thin, slightly reflected, 

the outer and the inner lip almost approaching each other on the 

parietal wall. 


U.S.N.M., come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1406). The type has 1.1 

postnuclear whorls, and measures: Greater diameter, 1.8 mm. 

DISCOPSIS AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 33, figs. 5, 6, 7. 

Shell small, discoid, bluish white. Nuclear whorls two, well 

rounded, smooth, forming a depressed helicoid spire with strongly 

impressed sutures. Postnuclear whorls one and one-fifth, expand- 

ing rapidly in size, marked with a strong, lamellar, wavy, peripheral 

keel, which has a ruffle-like appearance. The space between the 

summit and this keel is marked with spiral cords, of which 17 are 

apparent on the outside of the outer lip. Of these, the fourth below 

the summit forms a strong shoulder, the fourth, sixth, ninth, eleventh, 

thirteenth, and fifteenth being stronger than the rest, while the 

remainder are of about equal strength. The space between the one


at the summit and the fourth is somewhat flattened, while that of 

the rest is evenly rounded. Base openly umbilicated; umbilicus 

occupying about one-third of the width of the base; bounded by a 

very slender spiral cord. The space from the base of the ruffle to 

this cord is evenly well rounded. The entire surface of the base is 

marked by rather strong lines of growth and microscopic spiral 

striations. This sculpture extends also into the umbilicus. Aper- 

ture very oblique, irregularly triangular; posterior angle acute; outer 

lip rendered denticulated by the external sculpture; inner lip slender, 

strongly sigmoid, and slightly reflected. 


(Coll. No. 1434). Its greatest diameter is 2.3 mm. 

DISCOPSIS TURTONI, new species. 

Plate 33, figs. 1, 2, 3. 

Shell small, discoidal, semitranslucent, bluish white. Nuclear 

whorls one and one-half, smooth, well rounded, forming a depressed 

helicoid spire with strongly impressed sutures. Postnuclear whorls 

two and one-fifth, broad, well-rounded, with strongly impressed 

sutures marked on the upper surface by rather strong, decidedly, 

retractively curved lines of growth. Periphery of the last whorl 

acutely keeled. Base very widely, openly umbilicated, there being 

scarcely any external limit to the umbilicus, all the whorls showing 

within. A slender spiral cord encircles the base about one-fourth 

of the distance anterior to the periphery. On the base the lines of 

growth assume a thread-like appearance, becoming stronger within 

the umbilicus. The entire base is marked by microscopic spiral 

striations. Aperture very oblique, of irregular outline; outer lip 

thin, sinuous, showing the external markings within; inner lip de- 

cidedly flexuose, thin. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1038). The type measures: Greatest 

diameter, 2.5 mm.; lesser diameter, 1.7 mm. 

Genus LEPTOGYRA Bush. 

LEPTOGYRA AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 36, figs. 4, 5, 6. 

Shell very minute, semitranslucent, bluish white. Nuclear whorls 

two, well rounded, smooth, forming a depressed helicoid spire. Postnuclear 

whorls well rounded, marked by numerous fine, equal and 

equally spaced, incised spiral striations of which about 35 occur between 

the summit and the well-rounded periphery of the last whorl. The 

axial sculpture consists of fine lines of growth only. Base strongly 

rounded, somewhat inflated, with a moderately broad umbilicus 

marked by the continuation of the fine lines of growth, which grow a 

little stronger as they approach the umbilicus, and on the posterior


half by incised lines which correspond in every way with those on the 

spire. The anterior half is free of spiral sculpture. Aperture 

oblique, subcircular; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip rather thick, 

strongly curved; inner lip strongly curved and slightly reflected. 

A thick callus fills the posterior angle of the aperture. 


(Coll. No. 1426). It has one and one-fourth postnuclear whorls, and 

measures: Altitude, 0.6 mm.; greater diameter, 1 mm. 

Family NERITIDAE. 

Genus NERITA Lamarck. 

NERITA ALBICILLA Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 21820, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Algoa Bay. Cat. No. 

97991, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Kaffraria, South Africa. Cat. 

No. 187086, U.S.N.M.,four specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 629). 

Cat. No. 250486, an additional specimen from the same locality (Coll. 


Genus NERITINA Lamarck. 

NERITINA, species ? 

Cat. No. 187088, U.S.N. M., contains a specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 631), which is different from any of the Neritinas hereto- 

fore reported from South Africa, or known to us, but is too poor to 

serve for a description. Cat. No. 250487, U.S.N.M., must be referred 

here for the same reason (Coll. No. 1360). 

NEPIONIC SHELLS. 


Cat. No. 187087, U.S.N. M., contains two nepionic shells of neri- 

tinid shape, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 630). They are very finely, 

spirally lirate. I do not know where they belong, but place them 

here simply on account of their shape. Cat, No. 249760, U.S.N.M., 

contains two additional specimens of the same species (Coll. No. 1032). 

Family HALIOTIDAE. 

Genus HALIOTIS Linnaeus. 

HALIOTIS MIDAE Linnaeus. 


Hope. Cat. No. 89103, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 98002, U.S.N.M., six specimens from Albany, 

South Africa. Cat. No. 9S003, U.S.N.M., eight specimens from 

Albany. Cat. No. 1S6886, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 256). Cat. No. 187118, U.S.N.M., one specimen 

from the same place (Coll. No. 664). Cat. No. 249895, U.S.N.M., 

another specimen from the same locality (Coll. No. 1167). 

HALIOTIS SANGUINEA Hanley. 

Cat. No. 85, U.S.N.M., seven specimens collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at the Cape of Good


Hope. Cat. No. 16671, U.S.N.M., two specimens from tne Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 42848, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 89089, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the 

Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 98004, U.S.N.M., two specimens from 

Albany. Cat. No. 186885, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 255). Cat. No. 227786, U.S.N.M., three specimens from 

the same locality (Coll. No. 8S1). 

HALIOTIS PERTUSA Reeve. 

Cat. No. 33, U.S.N.M., three specimens collected by William Stimpson 


Hope. 

HALIOTIS PARVA Linnaeus. 



place (Coll. No. 663). Cat. No. 176, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected 


False Bay. Cat. No. 16970, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Cape of 

Good Hope. Collected by Carpenter. 

HALIOTIS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-ovate, irregularly mottled with chestnut brown and 

very pale olive buff flecks and dottings. The space between the base 

and the perforations is brown, with narrow radiating bands of pale 

olive buff which are about one-fourth as wide as the brown bands. 

The sculpture consists of fine, radiating, decidedly retractively slant- 

ing threads on the early whorls, which become somewhat coarser, 

wider, and less sharply defined on the last half turn., and numer- 

ous fine spiral lirations which become more or less wavy anteriorly. 

The space between, the perforations and the base is slightly concave 

on the posterior half and well rounded on the anterior half, and 

marked by the continuation of the lines of growth and wavy spiral 

striations. The nacre of the interior has a rosy flush, and a weak red 

wash within the spire. The spiral sculpture is apparent on the in- 

side. This shell has the shape of Haliotis midae, but lacks the rugose 

sculpture of the exterior, the sculpture resembling more that of 

Haliotis pertusa, but differing from this in being much finer and more 

regular. 


No. 1390). It measures : Altitude, 12 mm. ; length, 55 mm. ; diameter, 

39.5 mm. 

Family SCTSSURELLIDAE. 

Genus SCISSURELLA Orbigny. 

SCISSURELLA JUCUNDA Smith. 


National Museum, all from Port Alfred. They are: Cat. No. 187097,


three specimens (Coll. No. 641); Cat. No. 250524, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1397); Cat. No. 249761, four specimens (Coll. No. 1033). 

Genus SCHISMOPE Jeffreys. 

SCHISMOPE INSIGNIS Smith. 


No. 1034). Cat. No. 249763, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the 


Family FISSURELLIDAE. 

Genus FISSURELLA Bruguiere. 

FISSURELLA NATALENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 97992, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Albany. Cat. No. 

186890, U.S.N.M., one from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 260) 

FISSURELLA MUTABILIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 150, U.S.N.M, nine specimens collected by William 


Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 43075, U.S.N.M., two specimens from 

the Cape of Good Hope. Cat. No. 89909, U.S.N.M., two specimens 

from the same place. Cat. No. 98030, U.S.N.M., three specimens 

from Albany, South Africa. Cat. No. 227799, U.S.N.M., six specimens 


six specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 895). Cat. No. 

249777, U.S.N.M., four young specimens from the same place (Coll. 

No. 1049). 

Genus PUPILLAEA Gray. 

PUPILLAEA APERTA Sowerby. 


Hope. Cat. No. 89908, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 98034, U.S.N.M., seven specimens from 

Albany, South Africa. Cat. No. 186887, U.S.N.M., one from Port 

Alfred (Coll. No. 257). Cat. No. 186888, U.S.N.M., three from the 

same source (Coll. No. 258). Cat. No. 186889, U.S.N.M., one from 

the same place (Coll. No. 259). The following seven lots showing 

variations of color pattern are also from Port Alfred: Cat. No. 

227796, U.S.N.M., six specimens (Coll. No. 891); Cat. No. 227797, 

U.S.N.M., four specimens (Coll. No. 892); Cat. No. 227798, U.S.N.M., 

four specimens (Coll. No. 893) ; Cat. No. 250570, U.S.N.M., one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1443); Cat. No. 249776, U.S.N.M., three specimens 

(Coll. No. 1048); Cat. No. 249780, U.S.N.M., three specimens (Coll. 

No. 1052); Cat. No. 249781, U.S.N.M., three specimens (Coll. No. 

1053).


Genus FISSURIDEA Swainson. 

FISSURIDEA ELIZABETHAE Smith. 

Cat. No. 186891, U.S.N.M, one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 261). 

FISSURIDEA SPRETA Smith. 


No. 263). 

FISSURIDEA ELEVATA Dunker. 

Cat. No. 98040, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Peddie or Albany, 

South Africa. Cat. No. 186894, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port 


FISSURIDEA CALYCULATA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 98039, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Peddie, South 

Africa. Cat. No. 186892, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 262). Cat. No. 249778, U.S.N.M., three young specimens 

from the same place (Coll. No. 1050). Cat. No. 249779, U.S.N.M., 

three additional young specimens from the same locality (Coll. No. 

1051). 

FISSURIDEA AUSTRALIS Krauss. 


No. 896). 

FISSURIDEA PARVIFORATA Smith. 


No. 680). Cat. No. 250569, U.S.N.M., an additional specimen from 

Port Alfred (CoU. No. 1442). 

Genus PUNCTURELLA Lowe. 

PUNCTURELLA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, white, exceedingly delicate. The nucleus consisting of 

a little more than one whorl, the coil resting on the left side of the 

postnuclear portion of the shell. The postnuclear part of the shell 

increases very rapidly in size, the sides being marked by about 40 

thread-like radial riblets which are a little more densely spaced on 

the anterior portion. These are crossed almost at right angles by a 

second series of raised threads which equal the first in strength and 

spacing, thus lending the surface a finely reticulated aspect. The 

plug filling the notch is transversely notched. The shell is so thin 

that all the external markings are seen within. 


(Coll. No. 681). It measures: Altitude, 1.1 mm.; long diameter, 1.9 

mm.; transverse diameter, 1.3 mm.


Order POLYPLACOPHOEA. 

Family ISCHNOCHITONIDAE. 

Genus CALLOCHITON Gray. 

CALLOCH1TON CASTANEUS Wood. 

Cat. No. 186907, U.S.N.M., contains four valves of this species from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 277). Cat. No. 249828, U.S.N.M., contains 

two additional complete specimens from the same locality (Coll. 

No. 1100). 

Genus ISCHNOCHITON Gray. 

ISCHNOCHITON CRAWFORDI Sykes. 


(Coll. No. 1476). Cat. No. 187140, U.S.N.M., contains a single valve 


ISCHNOCHITON CYANEOPUNCTATUS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 125380, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen obtained on the 

United States Eclipse Expedition of 1890 at Cape Town. 

ISCHNOCHITON ONISCUS Krauss. 

Two lots of this species were obtained by William Stimpson on the 

North Pacific Exploring Expedition: One, Cat. No. 122, U.S.N.M., a 

complete specimen and a lot of valves, at the Cape of Good Hope; the 

other, Cat. No. 143, U.S.N.M., one specimen at Simons Bay, Cape of 

Good Hope. In addition to these there are 35 lots of this species, 

which are extremely variable in color markings, in the collection of 

the United States National Museum, from Port Alfred, as follows: 

Cat. No. 187137, one specimen (Coll. No. 683); Cat. No. 187136, one 


684); Cat. No. 187140a, one valve (Coll. No. 686a); Cat. No. 249803, 

three specimens (Coll. No. 1075); Cat. No. 249804, three specimens 


Cat. No. 249806, three specimens (Coll. No. 1078) ; Cat. No. 249807, 

two specimens (Coll. No. 1079); Cat. No. 249808, three specimens 

(Coll. No. 1080); Cat No. 249809, three specimens (Coll. No. 1081); 

Cat. No. 249810, three specimens (Coll. No. 1082); Cat. No. 249811, 

three specimens (Coll. No. 1083); Cat. No. 249812, one specimen 


Cat. No. 249814, two specimens (Coll. No. 1086); Cat. No. 249815, 

three specimens (Coll. No. 1087); Cat. No. 249816, two specimens 


Cat. No. 249822, two specimens (Coll. No. 1094); Cat. No. 250606, 

one specimen (Coll. No. 1479); Cat. No. 250608, one specimen (Coll. 


250610, two specimens (Coll. No. 1483); Cat. No. 250611, two speci-


mens (Coll. No. 1484); Cat. No. 250612, one specimen (Coll. No. 

1485); Cat No. 250613, one specimen (Coll. No. 1486); Cat. No. 

250614, three specimens (Coll. No. 1487); Cat. No. 250615, two 

specimens (Coll. No. 1488); Cat. No. 250616, one specimen (Coll. No. 



(Coll. No. 1492) ; Cat. No. 250620, one specimen (Coll. No. 1493) 


ISCHNOCmTON TIGRINUS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 177, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen collected by William 

Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition on the Cape of 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 110252, U.S.N.M., contains three specimens 

from the same place. In addition to these, there are four lots in the 

collection of the United States National Museum from Port Alfred, 

as follows: Cat. No. 249818, one specimen (Coll. No. 1090); Cat. No. 

250604, one specimen (Coll. No. 1477) ; Cat. No. 250607, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1480); Cat No. 250624, one specimen (Coll. No. 1497). 

Genus DINOPLAX Carpenter. 

DINOPLAX GIGAS Gmelin. 


Hope. In addition to this, the United States National Museum has 

seven lots from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 186908, two valves 


Cat. No. 249829, four specimens (Coll. No. 1101); Cat No. 249830, 

two complete specimens (Coll. No. 1102); Cat. No. 250600, one specimen 



DINOPLAX GIGAS ALFREDENSIS, new subspecies. 


Shell similar to Dinoplax gigas in outline and coloring, but with the 

sculpture in every way much finer. Radiating lines of the lateral 

areas and the anterior plate only very feebly expressed, with the 

central very finely truncate as compared with D. gigas. 


(Coll. No. 1103); it measures: Length, 62 mm.; diameter, 22 mm. 

Another specimen is registered as 249820, U.S.N.M., and comes from 


DINOPLAX FOSSUS Sykes. 



;


Family ACANTHOCHITIDAE. 

Genus ACANTHOCHITES Risso. 

ACANTHOCHITES GARNOTI Blainville. 

Cat. No. 173, U.S.N.M., four specimens collected by William Stimpson 


Hope. In addition to these there are five lots in the collection of the 

United States National Museum from Port Alfred, as follows : Cat. No. 

186909, three valves (Coll. No. 279); Cat. No. 187139, six valves 


Cat No. 249821, two specimens (Coll. No. 1093); Cat. No. 249824 

three specimens (Coll. No. 1096). 

ACANTHOCHITES CARPENTERI Pilsbry. 


(Coll. No. 1478). 

Family CHITONIDAE. 

Genus CHITON Linnaeus. 

CHITON TULIPA Quoy and Gaimard. 

Cat. No. 19300, U.S.N.M., three valves from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 110222, U.S.N .M., three specimens from the Cape 

of Good Hope. Cat. No. 110218, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the 

same locality. Cat. No. 110250, one specimen from Algoa Bay. In 

addition to these, there are four lots in the collection of the United 

States National Museum from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 249825, 

six specimens (Coll. No. 1097) ; Cat. No. 249826, three specimens (Coll. 


186906, one specimen (Coll. No. 276). 

CHITON, species? 

There are valves of two lots of Chitons, which we are unable to 

place, in the collection from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 250622, 

U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 1495); Cat. No. 250623, U.S.N.M. (Coll. No. 

1496). 

Class SCAPHOPODA. 

Order SOLENOCONCHA. 

Family DENTALIIDAE. 

Genus DENTALIUM Linnaeus. 

DENTALIUM STRIGATUM Gould. 


Dentalium strigatum Gould, Proc. Boat. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 166, 1859. 

Shell moderately curved, white. Marked by 13 strong equal and 

equally spaced longitudinal cords, the spaces between which are 

marked by 9-1 1 fine incised lines. In addition to this longitudinal 

sculpture the entire surface is crossed by very fine lines of growth.


Gould's cotypes, Cat. No. 159, U.S.N.M., four specimens collected 


False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. The specimen figured measures: 


DENTALIUM EXASPERATUM Sowerby. 


(Coll. No. 280). Cat. No. 250592, U.S.N.M., six additional specimens 


DENTALIUM REGULARE Smith. 


No. 697). Cat. No. 250593, U.S.N.M., four specimens from the same 


DENTALIUM, species? 

Cat. No. 249795, U.S.N.M., contains two fragments of a Dentalium, 

which we are unable to determine, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1067). 

Genus SCHIZODENTALIUM Sowerby. 

SCHIZODENTALIUM PLURIFISSURATUM Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 163019, U.S.N.M., one specimen, dredged in 100 fathoms 

off Cape St. Blaize, South Africa. 

Class PELECYPODA. 

Order PRIONODBSMACKA. ' 

Family NUCULIDAE. 

Genus NUCULA Lamarck. 

NUCULA SCULPTURATA Sowerby. 


No. 338). 

NUCULA NUCLEUS Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 249893, U.S.N.M., contains a very young specimen of a 

Nucula, which appears to be of this species, from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 1165). 

Family LIMOPSIDAE. 

Genus LIMOPSIS Sasso. 

LIMOPSIS PUMILIS Smith. 

Cat. No. 186924, U.S.N.M., six valves from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

294). 

Family ARCIDAE. 

Genus GLYCIMERIS Da Costa. 

GLYCIMERIS QUEKETTI Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186923, U.S.N.M., three valves from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

293). Cat. No. 251067a, U.S.N.M., contains a very young specimen 

of this species (Col. No. 1584a). 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 13


Genus ARCA Lamarck. 

ARCA ACUMINATA Krauss. 


No. 705). 

Genus FOSSULARCA Cossmann. 

FOSSULARCA GIBBA Krauss. 


No. 291). 

FOSSULARCA GRADATA Broderip and Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 187155, U.S.N.M., contains one specimen and three valves 

of this species from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 702). 

Genus BARBATIA (Gray) Adams. 

BARBATIA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 46, figs. 9, 10. 

Shell rhomboidal. Surface covered with a thick, dark brown epidermis 

from which project numerous imbricating scales. The 

umbones are situated in the anterior third of the entire length of the 

shell. The hinge line is very slightly arcuated, the ventral margin 

usually incurved. Anterior end much narrower than the broad 

posterior end. Entire surface marked with numerous fine radiating 

riblets which are crossed by concentric lines of growth rendering the 

sculpture of the surface somewhat reticulated. The interior of the 

shell is bluish white, excepting that portion which lies dorsal and 

posterior to a hue passing from the umbones to the posterior ventral 

margin, which is chestnut brown. 

The type and three specimens, Cat. No. 186922, U.S.N.M., come 


mm.; height, 18 mm.; thickness, 12.5 mm. 

This is what has probably been listed as Area obliquata Gray, a 

Philippine Island species, which differs from the present species by 

its much larger size, detailed sculpture, and color. 

BARBATIA, species? 

Cat. No. 18804, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen from Natal which 

we are unable to refer to any of the known species, but which is too 

poor to serve for a diagnosis. 

BARBATIA, species? 

Cat. No. 187157, U.S.N.M., contains six valves of a Barbatia from 

Port Alfred, which we are unable to refer to any of the described 

species, but is too poor to serve for a diagnosis (Coll. No. 704). Cat. 

No. 249850, U.S.N.M., contains six additional valves of the same 

species, in the same condition, from the same place (Coll. No. 1122).


BARBATIA CAFRIA, new species. 


Shell small, rather gibbous, the umbones salmon colored, the rest 

yellowish white. The epidermis, when present, dark chocolate 

brown. The two valves similarly sculptured, the epidermis forming 

strong setae on every third radiating riblet, while the two intermediate 

ones seem simply to be covered with a smooth integument. 

There are 29 of the setaceous ribs on each valve and double that 

number of the intermediary ones. The riblets bearing the setae are 

strongly nodulose, while the others are almost smooth. Liganiental 

area narrow, marked by transverse grooves. Interior white. 



Altitude, 8.5 mm.; length, 14.2 mm.; diameter, 8.6 mm. 

Cat. No. 187156, U.S.N.M., contains four additional valves from 

the same place (Coll. No. 703). 

Family PINNIDAE. 

Genus PINNA Lamarck. 

PINNA SQUAMIFERA Sowerby. 


No. 706). Cat. No. 227814, U.S.N.M., contains two additional 


Genus ATRINA Gray. 

ATRINA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell depressed pyriform; hom colored, darker at the tip. The in- 

terior is dull horn colored, excepting the tip, which is smoky pearly. 

Upper side slightly curved ; the ventral edge decidedly concave ; pos- 

terior portion decidedly expanded. The surface is marked with five 

poorly developed and poorly expressed radiating ridges beset with 

decidedly elevated squamations, which are strongest on the three 

median ridges. The ventral border is rendered rasp-like by fine 

poorly developed squamations. 



mm.; greater diameter, 50 mm. 

ATRINA AFRA Sowerby (?). 

Cat. No. 187160, U.S.N.M., contains fragments of probably this 

species from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 707). Cat. No. 250991, U.S.N.M., 

contains another fragment of this species, from the same locality 

(CoU. No. 1508).


Genus HOCHSTETTERIA Velain. 

HOCHSTETTERIA LIMOIDES Smith. 


States National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 

186925, contains three valves of this species (Coll. No. 295); Cat. No. 

186930, one valve (Coll. No. 300); Cat. No. 251067, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1584). 

HOCHSTETTERIA VELAINI Smith. 


No. 296). 

HOCHSTETTERIA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell white, variously mottled with brown. Prodissoconch form- 

ing a conspicuous shield winch is separated from the rest of the shell 

by a strongly raised cord. The anterior and posterior lateral portion 

of the succeeding part forms almost an isosceles triangle, the basal, 

portion of which is well rounded. The valves are marked by fifteen 

moderately strong, very regular radiating threads, and very regularly 

spaced, equally strong, concentric threads, which form squarish pits 

on the early portion of the shell and elongate pits near the base. 

The junction of the radiate and concentric threads forms feeble, 

rounded nodules. The hinge is shown 'in our figure. 

Cat. No. 182925a, U.S.N.M., contains the type and two additional 

specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 295a). The type measures: 

Altitude, 3.6 mm.; length, 3.3 mm. Cat. No. 249855, U.S.N.M., con- 

tains another specimen from the same place (Coll. No. 1127). 

HOCHSTETTERIA PARAMOEA, new species. 


Shell semitranslucent, white. Prodissoconch forming a conspicu- 

ous shield which is separated from the rest of the shell by a strongly 

raised cord. The shield itself is marked by very fine, closely spaced, 

radiating threads. The anterior lateral margin of the succeeding 

part slightly concave; posterior slightly convex; basal margin strongly 

rounded. Outer surface marked by nine equal, and equally spaced, 

regular, slender, radiating threads, and equally strong, very regularly 

spaced, concentric threads, the junction of the two forming feeble 

nodules. 

Cat. No. 249854, U.S.N.M., contains the type and another specimen 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1126). The type measures : Altitude, 

2.2 mm.; length, 2.1 mm.


Genus PHILOBRYA Carpenter. 

PHILOBRYA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, translucent, white, broadly triangular, with the beaks 

at the apex of the triangle. Dorsal edge slightly curved, ventral 

somewhat concaved; posterior portion well rounded. The junction 

of the posterior and dorsal edges form somewhat of an angle and give 

the shell an alate aspect. The external surface of the shell is marked 

by fine concentric lines of growth and numerous, exceedingly fine, 

irregularly radiating, hair-like streaks which give to the surface a 

silky luster. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 70 1 ) . The 

type measures : Length, 5 mm. 



five lots, all from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 227811, six valves 

(Coll. No. 906); Cat. No. 227812, five valves (Coll. No. 907); Cat. 

No. 249841, two specimens (Coll. No. 1113); Cat. No. 251001, one 

valve (Coll. No. 1518); Cat. No. 251007, one valve (Coll. No. 1524). 

Family PTERIIDAE. 

Genus MARGARITIPHORA Muhlfeld. 

MARGARITIPHORA NATALENSIS Jameson. 

Cat. No. 17225, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen from the Cape of 

Good Hope. 

MARGARITIPHORA CAPENSIS Sowerby. 


No. 284). 

Family OSTREIDAE. 

Genus OSTREA Lamarck. 

OSTREA ALGOENSIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 175, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen collected by William 


on rocks at low water. In addition to this, the United States National 

Museum contains 14 lots from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 

187163, four specimens (Coll. No. 710); Cat. No. 187164, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 711); Cat. No. 187165, eight valves (Coll. No. 712); 

Cat. No. 249833, two young specimens (Coll. No. 1105); Cat. No. 

250981, one specimen (Coll. No. 1498); Cat. No. 250982, two valves 


;


Cat. No. 250984, one valve (Cat. No. 1501); Cat. No. 250985, one 

valve (Coll. No. 1502); Cat. No. 250986, four valves (Coll. No. 1503); 

Cat. No. 250987, two valves (Coll. No. 1504); Cat. No. 250989, 

three very young valves (Coll. No. 1506) ; Cat. No. 250990, one valve 

(Coll. No. 1507); Cat. No. 250992, one valve (Coll. No. 1509). 

Family PECTINIDAE. 

Genus PECTEN Muller 

PECTEN NATALENSIS Smith. 

Cat. No. 17429, U.S.N.M., nine valves from South Africa. Cat. 

No. 43171, U.S.N.M., seven valves from Cape of Good Hope. Cat. 

No. 186913, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

283). Cat. No. 249852, U.S.N.M., three valves from the same place 

(Coll. No. 1124). 

PECTEN SULCICOSTATUS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 228, U.S.N.M., a fragment collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at the Cape of Good Hope. 

Cat. No. 187151, U.S.N.M., two valves from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

698). Cat. No. 249851, U.S.N.M., two additional valves from the 

same place (Coll. No. 1123). 

Family SPONDYLIDAE. 

Genus PLICATULA Lamarck. 

PLICATULA SQUAMOSISSIMA Smith. 

Cat. No. 251009, U.S.N.M., contains a specimen of this species 


Family LLMIDAE. 

Genus LIMA (Bruguiere) Cuvier. 

LIMA PERFECTA Smith. 


No. 282). 

LIMA ROTUNDATA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 17802, U.S.N.M., two valves from the Cape of Good Hope. 


No. 281). Cat. No. 250995, U.S.N.M., one valve from the same 

locality (Coll. No. 1512). Cat. No. 251004, U.S.N.M., two very 

young valves from the same place (Coll. No. 1521).


LIMA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, thin, inaequivalve, bluish white, gaping at the posterior 

lateral border and at the middle of the ventral border. Hinge 

line slightly sloping in both directions from the umbones. The 

lateral margin is concave immediately below the junction of the hinge 

line, then strongly curved toward the anterior border. The ventral 

margin is also slightly concave immediately below the hinge line, 

then almost straight, curving suddenly upon reaching the anterior 

margin. The exterior sculpture consists of about fifty fine radiating 

riblets. The posterior ventral and lateral borders are not ribbed. 

Interior bluish white, showing the external riblets by transmitted 

light. 


(Coll. No. 1125). 

thickness, 5 mm. 

It measures: Length, 13.5 mm. ; diameter, 9 mm.; 

This is evidently the shell which has been listed as Lima Mans 

tenera Turton. It is not that species however. The sculpture is 

much finer and less regularly fluted than in tenera, and the shell is 

much shorter and more rounded than tenera, the latter being elongate. 

LIMA, species? 

Cat. No. 251002, U.S.N.M., contains a very young Lima, from 

Port Alfred, which I am unable to identify (Coll. No. 1519). Cat. 

No. 250376, U.S.N.M., contains another very young Lima from Port 

Alfred, in the same state (Coll. No. 1249). 

Family ANOMIIDAE. 

Genus ANOMIA Muller. 

ANOMIA EPHIPPIUM Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 136, U.S.N.M., contains a young specimen collected by 

William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at 

Simons Bay. In addition to this, there are six lots of young specimens 

in the collection of the United States National Museum, all 

from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 187162, three valves (Coll. 

No. 709); Cat. No. 249836, three valves (Coll. No. 1108); Cat. No. 

250988, four valves (Coll. No. 1505); Cat. No. 250993, one valve 

(Coll.. No. 1510); Cat. No. 250531, one valve (Coll. No. 1404); Cat. 

No. 251060, one valve (Coll. No. 1577). 

ANOMIA PATELLIFORMIS Linnaeus. 

There are five lots of this species in the collection of the United 

States National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No.


187161, five valves (Coll. No. 708); Cat. No. 187162, four valves 

(Coll. No. 709); Cat. No. 249834, one specimen (Coll. No. 1106); Cat. 

No. 249835, one specimen and three valves (Coll. No. 1107) ; Cat. No. 

250591, one specimen (Coll. No. 1464). 

Family MYTILIDAE. 

Genus MYTILUS Bolten. 

MYTILUS MERIDIONALIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 17960, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Natal. Cat. No. 

17963, U.S.N.M., one specimen from South Africa. Cat. No. 98049, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from Albany. Cat. No. 250998, U.S.N.M., 

contains two valves from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1515). 

MYTILUS PERNA Linnaeus. 

The United States National Museum has four lots of this species, 

all from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 186915, two specimens 


Cat. No. 250999, one valve (Coll. No. 1516); Cat. No. 249838, two 


MYTILUS PERNA TRIGONIA Krauss. 

There are three lots of this subspecies in the collection of the United 


187152, one valve (Coll. No. 699) ; Cat. No. 249837, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 1109); Cat. No. 249842, two specimens (Coll. No. 1114). 

MYTILUS VARIABILIS Krauss. 

There are four lots of this species in the collection of the United 

States National Museum, all from the Cape of Good Hope, as follows: 

Cat. No. 17973, one specimen; Cat. No. 43183, six specimens ; Cat. 

No. 76032, two specimens; Cat. No. 125368, twenty-four specimens, 

collected by the United States Eclipse Expedition; Cat. No. 250997, 

U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1514). 

MYTILUS VARIABILIS STRIATA Krauss. 

There are three lots of this subspecies in the collection of the United 

States National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. 

No. 187153, four specimens (Coll. No. 700); Cat. No. 249839, two 

specimens (Coll. No. 1111); Cat. No. 249844, two specimens (Coll. 

No. 1116). 

Genus MODIOLA Lamarck. 

MODIOLA TENERRIMA Smith. 


States National Museum, from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 

186917, two specimens (Coll. No. 287); Cat. No. 249847, one valve 

(Coll. No. 1119); Cat. No. 249846, two specimens (Coll. No. 1118).

SOUTH AFRICAN MARINE MOLLTJSKS. 189 

MODIOLA CAPENSIS Krauss. 



No. 43184, U.S.N.M., three specimens from the Cape of Good Hope. 

In addition to these, there are three lots in the collection of the 

United States National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows: 

Cat. No. 186918, two and one-half specimens (Coll. No. 288); Cat. 

No. 249843, two specimens (Coll. No. 1115); Cat. No. 249845, one 

specimen (Coll. No. 1117). 

MODIOLA AURICULATA Krauss. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 908). Cat. No. 249840, U.S.N.M., con- 

tains another specimen from the same place (Coll. No. 1112). 

MODIOLA LIGNEA Reeve. 


No. 289). 

Genus CRENELLA Brown. 

CRENELLA STRIATISSIMA Sowerby. 



two valves (Coll. No. 734) ; Cat. No. 227820, two valves (Coll. No. 

915); Cat. No. 251062, a young specimen (Coll. No. 1579). 

CRENELLA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell small, milk white, of very regular oval outline, the outer 

surface marked by numerous, very fine, radiating threads and rather 

strong incremental lines. 

The type and another valve, Cat. No. 251006, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1523). It measures: Altitude, 3.2 mm.; 

length, 2.1 mm. 

This species agrees with CreneUa striatissima in size, but differs 

markedly from it in outline, stratissima having a mytiloid shape, 

while the present species is practically a perfect oval in outline. 

Genus MODIOLARIA Beck. 

MODIOLARIA CUNEATA Gould. 


Modiolaria cuneata Gould, Proc. Boat. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 38, 1861. 

Shell moderately large, cream yellow, considerably inflated. 

Umbones prominent, extending to the anterior limit of the shell. 

Dorsal edge short, posterior dorsal edge sloping abruptly, curving


ventrally. Basal edge somewhat sinuous. Anterior end with 16 

radiating, low, flattened cords; posterior end with 17. 

Gould's cotypes, six specimens, Cat. No. 126, U.S.N.M., were collected 

by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedi- 

tion at Simon's Bay. The specimen figured measures: Length, 11.8 

mm.; altitude, 7 mm.; diameter, 7 mm. Cat. No. 186920, U.S.N.M., 

one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 290) 

MODIOLARIA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, pale yellow. Hinge margin almost straight; posterior 

lateral margin evenly, gradually rounded, the anterior lateral shortly, 

strongly rounded, the basal slightly emarginate. The posterior por- 

tion is marked by about 50 rather strong, radiating, axial riblets, while 

the extreme anterior bears 12. In addition to the radiating sculpture, 

the shell is marked by rather strong, concentric threads which 

render the radiating riblets crenulated at their junction. The area 

devoid of radiating sculpture is equal to about one-third of the entire 

length of the shell at the basal margin. 


Coll. No. 1517). It measures: Altitude, 2 mm.; length, 3.5 mm. 

MODIOLARIA IMA, new species. 


Shell pale green, variously mottled with brown. Dorsal margin 

slightly curved, the posterior lateral strongly, evenly so, the anterior 

lateral very strongly, shortly curved, the basal slightly emarginate 

anteriorly. The posterior portion of the shell is marked by 16, broad, 

low, rounded, radiating riblets, which become narrower and closer 

spaced toward the dorsal margin. The anterior end is marked by 

4, weak, radiating riblets. In addition to the radiating sculpture, the 

shell is marked by irregular incremental lines, which pass over the 

radiating sculpture as fine threads, but do not render them crenu- 

lated. The area devoid of radiating sculpture is equal to about two- 

fifths of the length of the shell at the ventral border. 

The type and another valve, Cat. No. 249848, U.S.N .M., come from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1120). The type measures: Altitude, 4 mm.; 

length, 7 mm. 

Order ANOMALODESMACBA. 

Family SOLEMYIDAE. 

Genus SOLEMYA Lamarck. 

SOLEMYA, species? 

Cat. No. 250996, U.S.N.M., contains fragments of a young specimen 

too poor to be determined, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1513). 

.

SOUTE AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 191 

Family LYONSIDAE. 

Genus LYONSIA Turton. 

LYONSIA, species? 

Cat No. 249877, U.S.N.M., contains two valves of a Lyonsia too 

poor to be determined, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1149). 

Family THRACIDAE. 

Genus THRACIA Blainville. 

THRACIA, species? 

There are five lots of young Tkracia in the collection of the United 

States National Museum, all from Port Alfred, but they are too 

young to be properly determined: Cat. No. 187181, one valve (Coll. 

No. 732) ; Cat. No. 187186, one valve (Coll. No. 737); Cat. No. 

249878, two valves (Coll. No. 1150); Cat. No. 249881, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 1153); Cat. No. 249882, three specimens (Coll. No. 1154). 

Genus CLISTOCONCHA Smith. 

CLISTOCONCHA INSIGNIS Smith. 

There are six lots of this species in the collection of the United 


227819, three specimens (Coll. No. 914); Cat. No. 249868, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1140); Cat. No. 249869, one specimen (Coll. No. 


249879a, one specimen (Coll. No. 1151a); Cat. No. 249880), two 


Order TBLEODE9MACEA. 

Family CRASSATELLITIDAE. 

Genus CRASSATELLITES Kruger. 

CRASSATELLITES ACUMINATA Sowerby. 



186933, one and one-half specimens (Coll. No. 303);.Cat. No. 251017, 

two valves (Coll. No. 1534); Cat. No. 251018, another young valve 

(Coll. No. 1535). 

Genus CUNA Hedley. 

CUNA CONCENTRICA, new species. 

Plate 47, fig. 3; plate 52, figs. 11, 12. 

Shell minute, thin, bluish white, semitransparent, having an almost 

triangular outline, with the posteiior dorsal margin quite evenly 

curved and the anterior slightly concave. Entire surface marked 

by very regular, strong, threadlike, concentric rings, which are a


little wider than the spaces that separate them. Interior showing 

the external sculpture through the substance of the shell. Entire 

inner basal margin marked by alternating squarish teeth and 

depressions, forming a series of sockets and teeth which alternate in 

the opposing valves. The character of the hinge is shown in our 

detailed figure. 

The type and another valve, Cat. No. 251049, U.S.N.M., come 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1566). The type measures: Altitude, 1.2 

mm.; length, 1.2 mm. 

Family CARDITIDAE. 

Genus CARDITA Bruguiere. 

CARDITA VARIEGATA TURGIDA Krauss. 


Hope. Cat. No. 43172, U.S.N.M., two valves from the Cape of 

Good Hope. 

CARDITA (CARDITAMERA) LATICOSTATA Smith. 

Cat. No. 186929, U.S.N.M., four valves from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 299). Cat. No. 251010, two valves from the same locality (Coll. 

No. 1527). 

Genus VENERICARDIA Lamarck. 

VENERICARDIA ELATA Sowerby. 


No. 301). 

VENERICARDIA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, rather thick, rose colored. Umbones bent decidedly 

forward, forming a rather strong-pointed hook. Surface marked by 

12 strong, rounded, radiating ribs, of which the central ones are the 

heaviest. These ribs give the ventral edge a somewhat fluted appearance. 

In addition to these radiating ribs, the shell is marked 

with strong, concentric, sublamellar threads, which pass equally strong 

over the ribs and the intercostal spaces. The character of the hinge 

is shown in our detailed sketch. 

Cat. No. 187171, U.S.N.M., contains the type, which comes from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 720). It measures: Altitude, 3.1 mm.; length, 

2.8 mm. 

Cat. No. 251012, U.S.N.M., contains two additional valves from the 


Genus THECALIA H. and A. Adams. 

THECALIA CONCAMERATA Bruguiere. 

Cat. No. 137, U.S.N.M., 12 specimens collected by William Stimpson 

on the North Pacific exploring expedition at the Cape of Good Hope.


Cat. No. 98038, U.S.N.M., four specimens from Albany. Cat. No, 

186927, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 297). 

Cat. No. 227817, U.S.N.M., two specimens from the same locality 

(Coll. No. 912). 

Genus MIODONTISCUS Dall. 

MIODONTISCUS MINIMUS Smith. 



186932, four and one-half specimens (Coll. No. 302) 

our valves (Coll. No. 1128); Cat. No. 249857, four valves (Coll. No. 

1129); Cat. No. 251008, two valves (Coll. No. 1525). 

Family CONDYLOCARDIIDAE. 

Genus CONDYLOCARDIA Smith. 

CONDYLOCARDIA IO, new species. 


; Cat. No. 249856, 

Shell irregularly oval, rather inflated, thin, semitranslucent. 

Prodissoconch forming a conspicuous shield having an elevated 

mammilate area at its apex, separated from the succeeding portion 

of the shell by a strongly raised ridge. Succeeding portion of the 

shell marked by very fine concentric threads which become slightly 

stronger as the shell attains maturity. The character of the hinge 

is shown by the detailed sketch. 

Cat. No. 251066, U.S.N.M., contains two specimens of this species 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1583). The type measures: Altitude, 

2.3 mm.; length, 2.6 mm. 

Genus CARDITELLA Smith. 

CARDITELLA RUGOSA Sowerby. 


(Coll. No. 298). 

Genus CARDITOPSIS Smith. 

CARDITOPSIS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell minute, subtrigonal, rather thick, bluish white, marked by 

feebly impressed lines of growth, and very weak, low, radiating 

threads. Edge of the shell thick all around. Basal margin weakly 

crenulated. The character of the hinge is shown in our detailed 

sketch. 

The type and another valve, Cat. No. 251005, U.S.N.M., come from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1522). The type measures: Altitude, 2 mm.; 

length, 1.7 mm.


Family ASTARTIDAE. 

Genus DIGITARIA Wood. 

DIGITARIA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell oval, bluish white. Umbones almost at the anterior end. 

Surface marked with moderately strong lines of growth and numerous, 

feebly expressed, radiating riblets which are about as wide as the 

spaces that separate them. In addition to this sculpture, the sur- 

face is marked by rather regularly spaced, strongly incised grooves, 

which pass obliquely across the lines of growth, bending upward 

toward the lunule and posteriorly toward the hinge line. The latter 

ones, however, terminate at the posterior ventral margin. The 

external sculpture is shown on the inner surface. Ventral border 

finely denticulated. The hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 

Cat. No. 187184, U.S.N.M., contains the type, which comes from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 735). This is a left valve, and measures: 

Altitude, 3 mm.; length, 3.7 mm. 

The hinge in the type, when compared with Digitaria digitaria 

Linnaeus, appears reversed; that is, our left valve corresponds with 

the armature of the right valve of that species. 

Family CHAMIDAE. 

Genus CHAMA Bruguiere. 

CHAMA GRYPHINA Lamarck (?). 

Cat. No. 250994, U.S.N.M., contains a rather poor specimen, from 

Port Alfred, which may be this species (Coll. No. 1511). 

Family LUCINIDAE. 

Genus LUCINA Bruguiere. 

LUCINA GLOBOSA Forskal. 

Cat. No. 98235, U.S.N.M., one valve collected by Dr. Holub, from 

Swartkop River, South Africa. Cat. No. 186964, U.S.N.M., two 

valves from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 335). Cat. No. 251020, U.S.N.M., 

an additional valve from the same place (Coll. No. 1537). 

Genus LORIPES Poli. 

LORIPES CLAUSUS Philippi. 


No. 332). 

Genus PHACOIDES Blainville. 

PHACOIDES VALIDA Smith. 



186963, two specimens (Coll. No. 334); Cat. No. 187187, two valves 

(Coll. No. 738); Cat. No. 227818, one specimen (Coll. No. 913).


PHACOIDES DESPECTA Smith. 


No. 333). 

Family DIPLODONTIDAE. 

Genus DIPLODONTA Bronn. 

DIPLODONTA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, donaciform, thin, semitranslucent. Exterior marked by 

numerous, regular and regularly spaced, slender, concentric threads, 

which are about as wide as the spaces that separate them. The 

incised lines appear as hydrophanous bands. In addition to the 

concentric markings, there are irregularly disposed, somewhat dis- 

continuous, slender, radiating, hydrophanous lines. The entire 

external sculpture is equally visible within. The character of the 

hinge is shown in our detailed sketch. 


(Coll. No. 1546). It measures: Altitude, 1.5 mm.; length, 2.2 mm. 

Cat. No. 251047, U.S.N.M., contains another specimen from the same 


DIPLODONTA ALMO, new species. 


Shell very thin, semitranslucent, bluish white. Umbones median. 

Anterior and posterior dorsal margins sloping evenly. Surface 

marked with numerous, equal and equally spaced, slender, concentric 

threads which are about half as wide as the spaces that separate them. 

In addition to this, there are numerous, very fine, radiating striations. 

All the external markings are seen on the inner surface. The charac- 

ter of the hinge is shown in our detailed sketch. 


(Coll. No. 1565). It measures: Altitude, 2.8 mm.; length, 3.5 mm. 

Genus FELANIELLA Dall. 

FELANIELLA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell minute, bluish white, semitransparent, irregularly oval in 

outline. Umbones projecting anteriorly. Surface marked by fine 

incremental fines and very fine, somewhat divaricating, closely 

spaced, radiating striations. The character of the hinge is shown in 

our detailed sketch. 



Altitude, 1.5 mm.; length, 1.9 mm.

196 BULLETIN" 91, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

Genus UNGULINA Daudin. 

UNGULINA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 43, figs. 1, 2; plate 54, figs. 1, 10. 

Shell of varying outline, thin. Outer surfaces marked with irregu- 

lar growth lines and numerous fine papillae, which give the surface a 

shagreened appearance. The character of the hinge is shown in our 

detailed sketch. 

There are one complete young specimen and three valves of this 

species, Cat. No. 187189, in the collection of the United States 

National Museum, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 740). I figure the 

complete individual and the largest valve. The large specimen measures: 

Altitude, 12.5 mm.; length, 18 mm. The complete specimen 

measures: Altitude, 7 mm.; length, 8.6 mm. 

Family GALEOMMATIDAE. 

Genus SCINTILLA Deshayes. 

SCINTILLA TURTONI, new species. 


Shell very regularly oval, bluish white, semitranslucent. Umbones 

a little anterior to the middle. Outer surface marked by strong con- 

centric lines of growth and exceedingly feeble, microscopic, radiating 

striations. The hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 

The type and two additional valves, Cat, No. 249887, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1159). It measures: Altitude, 6.3 

mm.; length, 8.5 mm. 

One of these loose valves with the type is somewhat larger, measuring: 

Altitude, 7 mm.; length, 9.5 mm. 

There are two additional lots of this species in the United States 

National Museum, from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 187173, two 

valves (Coll. No. 722); Cat, No. 1S7174, one valve (Coll. No. 723). 

Family SPORTELLIDAE. 

Genus BASTEROTIA Mayer. 

BASTEROTIA TRICOSTALIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 251051, U.S.N.M., contains a valve of this species from 


Family LEPTONIDAE. 

Genus ERYCINA (Lamarck) R^cluz. 

ERYCINA FIRMATA Gould. 

Lepton firmatus Gould, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 33, 1861. 


Shell irregularly triangular, thin, bluish white, the umbones a 

little posterior to the middle; the posterior dorsal margin sloping


less abruptly; the anterior dorsal margin slightly rounded, the pos- 

terior less so and longer than the anterior; the ventral well rounded. 

The outer surface marked by numerous, rather strong, concentric lines 

of growth. The hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 

Cat. No. 161, U.S.N.M., contains Gould's type of this species, 

which was collected by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring 

Expedition at Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope. The type 

is a worn specimen, and measures: Altitude, 3.7 mm. ; length, 4.8 mm. 

ERYCINA SUBRADIATA Carpenter. 

Plate 46, figs. 5, 6; plate 49, fig. 2. 

Shell small, of almost oval outline, with the umbones almost cen- 

tral. The outer surface marked by very strong, irregularly-spaced, 

lines of growth, between which very fine striations are present, and 

numerous, fine, incised, radiating lines, which are strongest anteriorly 

and posteriorly. The hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 

The type, Cat. No. 147, U.S.N.M., was collected by William Stimpson, 

on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at Simons Bay, Cape 

of Good Hope. It measures: Altitude, 3 mm.; length, 3.6 mm. 

ERYCINA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell ovate, with the umbones decidedly posterior to the middle. 

Outer surface marked by fine lines of growth and numerous exceed- 

ingly minute tubercles, which lend the surface a shagreened effect. 

The character of the hinge is shown in our detailed sketch. 


from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 742). The type measures: Altitude, 3.9 

mm. ; length, 4.9 mm. 

ERYCINA IMA, new species. 


Shell small, oval. Outer surface polished, covered with an exceed- 

ingly thin periostracum which lends the shell an iridescent appear- 

ance. The umbones are slightly posterior to the middle. Outer sur- 

face marked by fine lines of growth only. The character of the 


The type and three other specimens, Cat. No. 187192, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 743). The type measures: Altitude, 


ERYCINA CARIFA, new species. 


Shell small, subcircular, slightly broader posteriorly than anteri- 

orly, with the umbones almost median. Outer surface covered by a 

very thin periostracum which lends the shell an iridescent appear- 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 14


ance. The surface markings consist of somewhat irregularly spaced 

and developed fine lines of growth, and microscopic, radiating stria- 

tions. The character of the hinge is shown in the detailed sketch. 


(Coll. No. 1558). It measures: Altitude, 3 mm.; length, 3.5 mm. 

ERYCINA RIFACA, new species. 


Shell very minute, subcircular, with the umbones median. Outer 

surface covered by an exceedingly thin periostracum which lends it 

an iridescent appearance. The outer surface is marked by exceed- 

ingly fine lines of growth only. The prodissoconch is strongly constricted 

at its junction with the succeeding portion of the shell. The 

character of the hinge is shown in the detailed figure. 



mm. ; length, 1 .2 mm. 

ERYCINA, species? 

Cat. No. 251039, U.S.N .M., contains a single valve of a rather large 

triangular species, from Port Alfred, which we are unable to identify 

(Coll. No. 1556). 

ERYCINA, species ? 

Cat. No. 187195, U.S.N .M., contains a single worn valve of another 

species from Port Alfred, which we are also unable to identify (Coll. 

No. 746). 

Genus BORNIA Philippi. 

BORNIA FORTIDENTATA Smith. 

Plate 50, figs. 9, 10. 


Alfred (Coll. No. 343). Cat. No. 186971, U.S.N.M., contains three 

additional specimens of this species from the same locality (Coll. No. 

344). 

BORNIA FARICA, new species. 


Shell small, subcircular, thin, bluish white. Umbones decidedly 

anterior to the middle. Outer surface marked by numerous, closely 

spaced, concentric threads which are separated by grooves about as 

wide as the threads. The character of the hinge is shown in our 

detailed sketch. 

The two cotypes, Cat. No. 251061, U.S.N.M., representing two 

opposite valves, come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1578). The larger 

of these measures: Altitude, 2.5 mm.; length, 3 mm.


BORNIA ARFICA, new species. 


Shell broadly oval. Umbones decidedly anterior to the middle. 

Outer surface of the shell marked by numerous very closely spaced, 

fine, concentric threads, which are a little broader than the spaces 

that separate them, and numerous, very fine, microscopic, radiating 

striations. The character of the hinge is shown in our detailed sketch. 


(Coll. No. 11 666). It consists of a right valve, and measures: Altitude, 


BORNIA (PYTHINA) ROTUNDATA Deshayes. 


Cat. No. 186969, U.S.N.M., contains two and one-half specimens 

of this species from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 342). 

BORNIA (PYTHINA) AFRICANA, new species. 

Plate 42, figs. 1, 2; plate 51, fig. 3. 

Shell rather large, oval, slightly emarginate at the base, with the 

umbones decidedly posterior to the middle. The outer surface is 

marked by fine lines of growth and minute tubercles, which lend it a 

shagreened appearance. On the anterior end the shell has a few, ill- 

defined, raised, radiating threads. 


Port Alfred (Coll. No. 741). The type measures: Altitude, 9.5 mm.; 


Three additional lots are in the collection of the United States 


a young specimen (Coll. No. 1528); Cat. No. 251038, one valve (Coll. 

No. 1555); Cat. No. 251056, one young valve (Coll. No. 1573). 

Genus ROCHEFORTIA Velain. 

ROCHEFORTIA CONVEXA Gould. 

Plate 45, figs. 1,2; plate 47, fig. 4, young; plate 51, figs. 7, 8, hinge. 

Kellia conveza Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 8, p. 34, 1861. 

Shell of suboval outline, wax yellow. Umbones almost median, 

with the dorsal margin slanting almost equally, anteriorly and pos- 

teriorly. Both ends equally rounded, and the basal margin gently 

curved. Entire surface marked by rather irregular, fine lines of 

growth. Hinge as shown in Plate 51, figs. 7, 8. 

Gould's cotypes, Cat. No. 24244, U.S.N.M., two specimens, were 

collected by William Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expe-


dition in 12 fathoms at the Cape of Good Hope. The larger of these, 

plate 45, figs. 1, 2, measures: Length, 4.2 mm.; altitude, 3 mm.; diameter, 

2 mm. 

ROCHEFORTIA SIMILIS Smith. 

Plate 51, figs. 9, 10. 



186967, one and one-half specimens (Coll. No. 339) ; Cat. No. 249886, 

two specimens (Coll. No. 1158); Cat, No. 251052, two valves (Coll. 

No. 1569). 

ROCHEFORTIA NATALENSIS Smith. 




186185, one valve (Coll. No. 736); Cat, No. 249890, two specimens 

(Coll. No. 1162); Cat. No. 249891, two specimens (Coll. No. 1163). 

ROCHEFORTIA ENORA, new species. 


Shell oval, rather thick, with the umbones almost median. The 

surface marked by somewhat irregular, slender, closely spaced lines 

of growth, and weak, very fine, radiating striations. The character 

of the hinge is shown in the detailed sketch. 


(Coll. No. 1557). It measures: Altitude, 3 mm.; length, 3.8 mm. 

ROCHEFORTIA ELSA, new species. 


Shell broadly oval, minute, very thin, semitranslucent, the umbones 

being situated at the anterior end. Outer surface marked by numer- 

ous, very fine, concentric lines of growth, which appear as very slender 

threads. No radiating sculpture is apparent. The character of the 



No. 1562). It measures: Altitude, 1.4 mm.; length, 1.8 mm. 

ROCHEFORTIA MILDA, new species. 


Shell small, broadly oval, covered by an exceedingly thin perios- 

tracum, which lends it an iridescent appearance. Umbones slightly 

anterior to the middle. The posterior margin slightly truncated ; the 

anterior well rounded. Surface marked by numerous very closely 

spaced, slender, concentric threads, which are a little wider than the 

spaces that separate them, and numerous very fine radiating, axial


threads, which are best pronounced on the posterior portion of the 

shell. The character of the hinge is shown in our detailed sketch. 




ROCHEFORTIA HELENA, new species. 

Plate 42, figs. 3, 4; plate 47, fig. 2; plate 52, figs. 7, 8. 

Shell minute, of somewhat irregular cuneate outline, thin, semi- 

translucent. Umbones a little posterior to the anterior margin. 

Outer surface marked by exceedingly fine, concentric threads only. 

The character of the hinge is shown in our detailed sketch. 



Altitude, 1.2 mm.; length, 1.5 mm. 

Cat. No. 251019, U.S.N.M. contains three additional valves of this 

species from the same place (Coll. No. 1536). 

ROCHEFORTIA IO, new species. 


Shell very minute, of irregular cuneate outline. Prodissoconch 

marked by fine radiating striations. The succeeding portion, which 

is separated by a slight constriction from the prodissoconch, is marked 

by numerous, rather strong, concentric threads, which are about as 

wide as the spaces that separate them. The character of the hinge 


The type and two other specimens, Cat. No. 251043, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1560). The type measures: Altitude, 


ROCHEFORTIA FARMA, new species. 


Shell small, oval, covered with a very thin yellowish periostracum, 

with the umbones about one-third of the entire length of the shell 

posterior to the anterior margin. Surface marked with rather coarse 

and somewhat irregular lines of growth, and numerous, fine, radiating 

striations which are of varying strength and irregular spacing. The 

character of the hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 




Genus LASEA Leach. 

LASEA TURTONI, new species. 


Shell irregularly, broadly oval, white, with the early portion and the 

hinge suffused with rose purple. The umbones are about opposite the


middle, but the shell is much more inflated posterior to the umbones 

than anterior. Outer surface marked with irregularly spaced, rather 

strong, incremental lines, and exceedingly fine papulations, which 

lend the surface a shagreened appearance. The character of the 

hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 

The type and two valves, Cat. No. 186968, U.S.N.M., come from 



There are four additional lots of this species in the collection of the 

United States National Museum, all from Port Alfred, as follows: 

Cat. No. 249888, three specimens (Coll. No. 1160); Cat. No. 251025, a 

young valve (Coll. No. 1542) ; Cat. No. 251042, three specimens (Coll. 

No. 1559); Cat No. 251058, one young valve (Coll. No. 1575). 

This species is probably what has been reported from South Africa 

as Lasea australis Sowerby. It differs from it in general outline, and 

in being a much thinner shell of much finer external sculpture. It is 

likewise smaller, the Australian species being very coarse in every way. 

Family KELLIELLIDAE. 

Genus ALIGENA H. C. Lea. 

ALIGENA OVALIS Smith. 


No. 329). 

Family CARDIIDAE. 

Genus CARDIUM Lamarck. 

CARDIUM TURTONI Sowerby. 


No. 304). 

Genus PAPYRIDEA Swainson. 

PAPYRIDEA (FULVIA) NATALENSIS Sowerby. 


No. 305). Cat. No. 251003, U.S.N.M., contains a very young valve 


Family VENERIDAE. 

Genus DOSINIA Seopoli. 

DOSINIA HEPATICA Lamarck. 



186936, two specimens (Coll. No. 306); Cat. No. 186961a, one valve 

(Coll. No. 332a) ; Cat. No. 187178, one valve (Coll. No. 729) ; Cat. No. 

251015, one specimen (Coll. No. 1532).


Genus TIVELA Link. 

TIVELA COMPRESSA Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 19835, U.S.N.M., one specimen collected by William 


Cat. No. 186938, U.S.N.M., three valves from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

308). 

TIVELA ALUCINANS Sowerby. 


Hope. 

Genus SUNETTA Link. 

SUNETTA OVALIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 186940, U.S.N.M., seven valves from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 310). 

Genus CIRCE Schumacher. 

CIRCE ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell oval, white or pale brown flecked with rust brown. Umbones 

about one-third of the length of the shell posterior to the anterior 

margin. Surface marked by strong radiating ribs which increase 

in strength from the umbones toward the ventral margin. On the 

posterior and anterior margins they become divaricate. There are 

30 of these ribs on the valve. The spaces separating these radiating 

ribs are a little less in width than the ribs, and are marked with con- 

centric riblets. These riblets extend up on the sides of the ribs but 

do not seem to cross their summits. The character of the hinge 




length, 16 mm. 

Genus CHIONE Muhlfeld. 

CHIONE, species? 

Cat. No. 187180, U.S.N.M., two valves, young specimens of a 

species of this genus, too poor to be specifically determined, from Port 


Genus ANOMALOCARDIA Schumacher. 

ANOMALOCARDIA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell inflated, heavy, irregularly triangular, flesh colored marked 

with radiating, zigzag lines of rust brown. Outer surface polished, 

marked by concentric lines of growth and somewhat crinkly, radiating 

striations. The character of the hinge is shown in our detailed 

sketch.


The type and another specimen, Cat. No. 186939, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 309). The type measures : Altitude, 

25 mm.; length, 31 mm. 

Cat. No. 251022, U.S.N.M., contains two additional valves from 


Genus ANTIGONA Schumacher. 

ANTIGONA VERRUCOSA Linnaeus. 

Cat. No. 98233, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Elizabeth. 


No. 307). 

ANTIGONA (?), species ? 

Cat. No. 187194, U.S.N.M., seven valves, from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 745), nepionic shells of this genus too young to be specifically 

determined with the material at hand. 

Genus PAPHIA Bolten. 

PAPHIA DISRUPTA Sowerby. 

The United States National Museum has three lots of this species 

from the Cape of Good Hope, as follows: Cat. No. 17645, three 

specimens; Cat. No. 32034, five specimens; Cat. No. 76484, three 

specimens. In addition to this there are three specimens from 

Albany, Cat. No. 98048, and three additional lots from Port Alfred, 

as follows: Cat. No. 186942, one specimen (Coll. No. 312); Cat. No. 

251023, one specimen (Coll. No. 1540); Cat. No. 251024, one specimen 

(Coll. No. 1541). 

Genus VENERUPIS Lamarck. 

VENERUPIS, species ? 

The United States National Museum contains two lots of Venerupis, 

which are too poor to be specifically determined, all from Port Alfred, 

as follows: Cat, No. 187172, one specimen (Coll. No. 721); Cat. No. 

251026, one valve (Coll. No. 1543). 

Family PETRICOLIDAE. 

Genus PETRICOLA Lamarck. 

PETRICOLA PONSONBYI Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 32034a, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 98042, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Albany. 




PETRICOLA, species ? 

Cat. No. 187182, U.S.N.M., a valve of a specimen too young to be 

determined positively, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 733).


Family TELLINIDAE. 

Genus TELLINA Linnaeus. 

TELLINA VIDALENSIS Sowerby. 


Stimpson on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition in False Bay. 

TELLINA ALBINELLA ALFREDENSIS, new subspecies. 


Shell similar in outline and coloration to the rose-colored form of 

T. albinella Lamarck, but differing from it in being much heavier, 

and in having the angulated posterior dorsal area much narrower, 

which renders the posterior end of the shell much more pointedly 

beaked. The radiating sculpture is also much coarser than in 

albinella. 

Cat. No. 186948, U.S.N.M., contains the type which comes from 

Port Alfred (Coll. No. 318). The type measures: Length, 46.8 mm.; 

altitude, 25.5 mm. Cat. No. 249859, U.S.N.M., contains another 

valve from the same locality (Coll. No. 1131). 

TELLINA NATALENSIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 186949, U.S.N.M., one valve from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

319). 

TELLINA PONSONBYI Sowerby. 



two specimens (Coll. No. 320); Cat. No. 249860, three specimens 

(Coll. No. 1132); Cat. No. 249885, three very young specimens (Coll. 

No. 1157). 

TELLINA TRIANGULARIS Chemnitz. 

Cat. No. 98046, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Albany. In addi- 

tion to this, there are two lots in the collection of the United States 

National Museum from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 186951, 

two specimens (Coll. No. 321); Cat. No. 251031, one very young 

valve (Coll. No. 1548). 

TELLINA REGULARIS Smith. 


No. 322). 

TELLINA, species? 

Cat. No. 251037, U.S.N.M., is a young valve of a Tellina which I 

am unable to identify, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1554). 

TELLINA, species ? 

Cat. No. 251050, U.S.N.M., is a valve from Port Alfred, belonging 

to the section of rounded-valve Tellinas having radiating red bands, 

which I am unable to identify. On account of its worn condition I 

refrain from describing it as new (Coll. No. 1367).


Genus METIS H. and A. Adams. 

METIS ORBICULARIS Sowerby. 

Cat, No. 187170, U.S.N.M., one valve from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

717). 

Genus MACOMA Leach. 

MACOMA LITTORALIS Krauss. 

Cat. No. 186954, U.S.N.M., three and one-half specimens from 


MACOMA AFRICANA Sowerby. 

Cat, No. 186955, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 325). Cat. No. 249862, U.S.N.M., contains two additional 


Family SEMELIDAE. 

Genus SEMELE Schumacher. 

SEMELE CAPENSIS Smith. 

Cat, No. 249861, U.S.N.M., contains six valves of this species, all 


Genus ABRA (Leach) Lamarck 

ABRA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell small, bluish white, covered by a very thin, yellow periostracum. 

The umbones fall considerably anterior to the middle, The 

anterior dorsal margin slopes more abruptly than the posterior dor- 

sal. The ventral is evenly, gently curved. By transmitted light the 

valves show microscopic, closely spaced, radiating striations and fine 

lines of growth. The hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 


(Coll. No. 1135). It measures: Altitude, 3.7 mm.; length, 5 mm. 

Genus THEORA H. and A. Adams. 

THEORA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 


Shell elongate-oval, polished, thin, semitranslucent. Anterior 

dorsal margin sloping much more abruptly than the posterior; 

ventral margin evenly rounded. The entire surface of the shell is 

marked by exceedingly fine, microscopic, radiating striations, which 

are best shown by transmitted light, and coarser lines of growth. 

The hinge is shown in our detailed figure. 


(Coll. No. 1549). It measures: Altitude, 5.5 mm.; length, 9.2 mm.


Family PSAMMOBIIDAE. 

Genus GASTRANA Schumacher. 

GASTRANA ABILDGAARDIANA Spengler. 



186947, one specimen (Coll. No. 317); Cat. No. 186958, a very young 

valve (Coll. No. 328) ; Cat. No. 249872, four young valves (Coll. No. 

1144). 

Genus PSAMMOBIA (Lamarck) Bowdieh. 

PSAMMOBIA BURNUPI Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 187169, U.S.N.M., three valves from Port Alfred (Coll. 

No. 716). 

PSAMMOBIA, species? 

Cat. No. 187169a, U.S.N.M., contains a valve of a Psammobia 

which I am unable to reconcile with any of the known species from 

South Africa, but which is too poor to be identified, (Coll. No. 716). 

It comes form Port Alfred. 

Genus PSAMMOTELLINA Fischer. 

PSAMMOTELLINA CAPENSIS Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 127046, U.S.N.M., three specimens from Port Elizabeth. 

In addition to these, there are six lots in the collection of the United 


186953, one specimen and four valves (Coll. No. 323); Cat. No. 

249864, seven specimens (Coll. No. 1136); Cat. No. 249865, one 


1138); Cat. No. 249867, one valve (Coll. No. 1139); Cat. No. 251055, 

one valve (Coll. No. 1572). 

Family DONACIDAE. 

Genus DONAX Linnaeus. 

DONAX SERRA Chemnitz. 

Cat. No. 84, U.S.N.M., three specimens collected by William Stimpson 


Hope. Cat. No. 76087, U.S.N.M., two valves from the Cape of Good 

Hope. Cat. No. 97998, U.S.N.M., two specimens from Albany. 

Cat. No. 98234, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Elizabeth. Cat. 

No. 1S6956, U.S.N.M., one specimen from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

326). 

DONAX BERTINI Pilsbry. 

Cat. No. 160860, U.S.N.M., one specimen from South Africa. 

Cat. No. 251035, U.S.N.M., contains two valves from Port Alfred 

(Coll. No. 1552).


DONAX SORDIDUS Hanley. 

Cat. No. 186957, U.S.N.M., one and one-half specimens from Port 


DONAX BIPARTITUS Pilsbry. 


DONAX SIMPLEX Sowerby. 



187176, one specimen (Coll. No. 725); Cat. No. 251027, one valve 

(Coll. No. 1544); Cat. No. 251034, one specimen and one valve (Coll. 

No. 1551). 

DONAX BURNUPI Sowerby. 

Cat. No. 187175, U.S.N.M., one valve from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 

724). Cat. No. 251028, U.S.N.M., one valve (Coll. No. 1545). Cat. 

No. 251036, U.S.N.M., one valve (Coll. No. 1553). 

Family SOLENIDAE. 

Genus SOLEN Linnaeus. 

SOLEN ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 40, figs. 1,2. 

Shell subcylindric, laterally compressed, gaping anteriorly and 

posteriorly, obliquely truncated anteriorly, well rounded posteriorly. 

The valves have a very strong constriction immediately posterior to 

the anterior margin. They are marked with fine lines of growth 

only. 



mm.; length, 96.5 mm.; diameter, 11 mm. 

SOLEN CAPENSIS Fischer. 



186960, one specimen (Coll. No. 330) 

mens (Coll. No. 1130); Cat. No. 251021, two young specimens (Coll. 

No. 1538). 

Family MACTRIDAE. 

Genus SCHIZODESMA Gray. 

SCHIZODESMA SPENGLERI Linnaeus. 

; Cat. No. 249858, three speci- 


on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition at False Bay, Cape of

- SOUTH 

AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 209 

Good Hope. Cat. No. 17496, U.S.N.M., one specimen from the Cape 



Genus EASTONIA Gray. 

EASTONIA AFRICANA, new species. 


Shell broadly oval, thin. Umbones about one-third of the length 

of the shell posterior to the anterior margin. Surface marked by 

many slender, raised, radiating threads which are less strong on the an- 

terior portion than on the posterior and also much more closely spaced 

here than on the posterior part, except the extreme posterior portion, 

on which they are entirely absent. The spaces between these ribs 

are concaved and marked by very slender, irregular, slanting lines 

which give this portion of the shell a crinkly appearance. In addi- 

tion to this sculpture, the whorls are marked by numerous feeble 

lines of growth. 


(Coll. No. 316), and measures: Length, 36 mm.; altitude, 30 mm. 

This is probably what has been reported as Standella solandri Gray, 

a species occurring in the Moluccas. It differs from that species in 

being shorter and higher and in having many more ribs. 

Genus MACTRA Linnaeus. 

MACTRA AEQUISULCATA Sowerby. 


MACTRA ADANSONI Philippi. 




(Coll. No. 714); Cat. No. 251016, two additional valves (Coll. No. 

1533); Cat. No. 251033, a very young valve (Coll. No. 1550). 

MACTRA ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 44, figs. 6, 7 

Shell oval, compressed. Anterior dorsal margin passing in an 

almost straight line from the umbones to the extreme anterior por- 

tion, and then curving evenly to the evenly curved base. Posterior 

dorsal margin more feebly curved. Two radiating raised lines pass 

obliquely backward from the umbones; the second of these is a little 

more distant from the first than that is from the dorsal margin. The 

space inclosed by them is marked by numerous indistinct reticula-


tions. Outer surface of the entire shell marked by rather coarse, 

concentric lines of growth and numerous, exceedingly fine, white, 

evenly spaced, radiating striations. 

Cat. No. 186945, U.S.N.M., contains four valves of this species 

from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 315). The one selected as type is not 

quite a mature specimen, measuring: Length, 41 mm.; altitude, 

29 mm. 

Genus LUTRARIA Lamarck. 

LUTRARIA CAPENSIS Deshayes. 


States National Museum, from Port Alfred, as follows: Cat. No. 


(Coll. No. 1145); Cat. No. 251030, another valve (Coll. No. 1547). 

Family SAXICAVIDAE. 

Genus SAXICAVA Bellevue. 

SAXICAVA ARENACEA Smith. 

There are eight lots of this species in the collection of the United 


187179, one specimen and four valves (Coll. No. 730); Cat. No. 

249874, five valves (Coll. No. 1146); Cat. No. 249875, seven valves 

(Coll. No. 1147); Cat. No. 249876, four young specimens (Coll. No. 

1148); Cat. No. 249879, two young specimens (Coll. No. 1151); 

Cat. No. 251046, one valve (Coll. No. 1563); Cat. No. 251054, one 

valve (Coll. No. 1571); Cat. No. 251057, two valves (Coll. No. 1574). 

SAXICAVA LIRATA Smith. 


No. 1570). 

Family GASTROCHAENIDAE. 

Genus GASTROCHAENA Spengler. 

GASTROCHAENA, species ? 

Cat. No. 249871, U.S.N.M., contains one worn valve belonging to 

this genus, from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 1143). It is too poor to be 

properly identified. 

Family PHOLADIDAE. 

Genus PHOLAS Linnaeus. 

PHOLAS ALFREDENSIS, new species. 

Plate 44, figs. 1,2. 

Shell elongate-ovate, decidedly beaked anteriorly, marked by 

numerous very closely spaced, low lamellae and fine radiating riblets


which are closely spaced at the anterior end, becoming gradually 

more diffused posterior to the umbones. The junction of the radiat- 

ing riblets with the lamellae, form slender cusps. Dorsal callus 

thick, strong, and decidedly reflected. 

The type and two valves of this species (Cat. No. 186965, U.S.N.M., 

come from Port Alfred (Coll. No. 337). The type measures: Length, 

41 mm.; altitude, 12 mm. Another specimen, Cat. No. 187177, 

U.S.N.M., comes from the same place (Coll. No. 728). This specimen 

is much stouter than the other, measuring: Length, 35 mm.; 

altitude, 17 mm. 

This is the species which has been listed from South Africa as Pholas 

fragilis Sowerby, which is a Philippine shell coming from Bassy, 

Samar Island. I have material from the type-locality and find that 

this species differs from the present in being much thinner and much 

more strongly and distinctly sculptured, and altogether more elegant. 

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Lamarck, J. B. 

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1881 Diagnoses Specierum novarum familise Chitonidarum. Journ. Conchyl., 

vol. 29, pp. 42-46.

Rochebrune, A. T. de—Continued. 


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1883. Diagnoses d'especes nouvelles de la famille des Chitonidse. Bull. Soc. 

Philom. Paris, ser. 7, vol. 8, pp. 32-39. 

1883. Etude monographique de la famille des Sepiadae. Bull. Soc. Philom. 

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Satjssaye, M. Petit de la. 

1852. Description de coquilles nouvelles. Journ. Conchyl., vol. 3, pp. 162-165. 

Smith, E. A. 

1873. Remarks on a few species belonging to the family Terebridae, and descriptions 

of several new forms in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. 


1876. A list of marine shells, chiefly from the Solomon Islands, with descriptions 

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1877. On the shells of Lake Nyassa, and on a few marine species from Mozambique. 

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1880. Descriptions of 12 new species of shells. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, pp. 478- 

485. 

1882. Diagnoses of new species of Pleurotomidae in the British Museum. Ann. 


1885. Report on the Lamellibranchiata collected by H. M. S. Challenger during 

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1889. Notes on the genus Melapium, H. and A. Adams. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 

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Souleyet and Eydoux, M. 

1852. Voyage Autour du Monde execute' pendant les annees 1836 et 1837 sur la 

corvette La Bonite. Zoologie. Vol. 2, pp. 1-664.


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1825. A catalogue of the shells contained in the collection of the late Earl of 

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1832-40. The Conchological Illustrations. Vols. 1 and 2. 

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by Mr. Cuming. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, pp. 17-19. 





1840. Descriptions of some new species of Murex, principally from the collection 

of H. Cuming, Esq. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, pp. 137-147. 

1840. Descriptions of some new Chitons. Charlesworth's Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, 

new ser., pp. 287-294. 

1847. Monograph of the genus Columbella. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, pp. 109- 

146. 

1847. Monograph of the genus Marginella. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, pp. 373- 

406. 

1848. Descriptions of some new species of Cancellaria in the collection of Mr. H. 

Cuming. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, pp. 136-138. 

1851. Monograph of the genus Cytheraea. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, pp. 611-648. 

1857-58. Monograph of the genus Conus. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, pp. 1-56. 

1862. Monograph of the family Fissurellidae. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, pp. 

183-226. 

1870. Descriptions of forty-eight new species of shells. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 

pp. 249-259. 

1871. Monograph of the genus Oliva, from a diagnosis by F. P. Marrat. Thesaurus 

Conchyliorum, pt. 30, pp. 1^6. 

1871. Monograph of the genus Ostraea. Reeve's "Conchologia. Iconica," vol. 18. 

1873. Descriptions of five new Cones. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, pp. 145-146. 

1873. Descriptions of twelve new species of shells. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, pp. 

718-722. 

1875. Descriptions of ten new species of shells. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, pp. 

125-129. 

1880. Monograph of the genus Fusus. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, pp. 69-97. 

1883. Monograph of the family Calyptraedae. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, pp. 

55-71. 

1886. Marine shells of South Africa, collected at Port Elizabeth, with descrip- 

tions of some new species. Journ. Conchol. (Leeds), vol. 5, pp. 2-13. 

1888. Descriptions of sixteen new species of shells. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 

pp. 207-213. 

1889. Some further notes on marine shells collected at Port Elizabeth, South 

Africa, with descriptions of some new species. Journ. of Conchol. 

(Leeds), vol. 6, pp. 6-15. 

1889. Further notes on marine shells of South Africa, with descriptions of new 

species. Journ. Conchol. (Leeds), vol. 6, pp. 147-159. 

1892. Marine shells of South Africa, pp. 1-89. 

1894. Marine shells of South Africa. Journ. Conch. (Leeds), vol. 7, pp. 368-378. 

1897. Appendix to "Marine shells of South Africa." pp. 1-42. 

1898. Marine Investigations in South Africa, No. 5. Description of anew South 

African marine gasteropod. pp. 5-7. 

1900. Marine shells from Pondoland and the Kowie. Proc. Malac Soc. London, 

vol. 4, pt. 1, pp. 1-7.

Sowerby, G. B.—Continued. 


1901. On seven new species of marine mollusca collected by Dr. H. Becker at 

The Kowie, South Africa. Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 4, pt. 5, 

pp. 213-215. 

1902. Marine Investigations in South Africa. (Mollusca) pp. 93-100. 

1903. Marine Investigations in South Africa. (Mollusca) vol. 2, pp. 213-232. 

1904. Marine Investigations in South Africa. (Mollusca-Pelecypoda) vol. 4, 

pp. 1-19. 

1906. New species of South African shells. Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 7, 

pt. 1, pp. 37-39. 

Sowerby, James. 

1821-25. The genera of recent and fossil shells, I-XXXI. 

Spengler. 

1792-1802. Skrivter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet. (I have not had the privilege of 

seeing this publication.) 

Sttmpson, William. 

1855. Descriptions of some new marine invertebrata. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

Philadelphia, ser. 1, vol. 7, No. X, pp. 385-395. 

1865. On certain genera and families of zoophagous gasteropods. Amer. Journ. 

Conch., vol. 1, pp. 55-64. 

Strebel, H. 

1911. Zur Gattung Fasciolaria Lam. Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., vol. 28, 

Beiheft 2, pp. 1-58. 

Swainson, William. 

1829. Zoological Illustrations, vol. 1, ser. 2. Journ. Sci. Lit. Arts, vol. 18, p. 282. 

Sykes, E. R. 

1899. On Dinoplax fossus, n. sp., and Chiton crawfordi, n. sp., from South Africa. 

Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 3, pt. 5, pp. 277-279. 

1901. Description of Onithochiton (?) isipingoensis, n. sp., from South Africa. 

Proc. Malac. Soc. London, vol. 4, p. 259. 

1902. Description of Chaetopleura destituta, n. sp., from South Africa. Proc. 

Vanatta, E. G. 

Malac. Soc. London, vol. 5, p. 195. 

1901. New marine mollusks. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, pp. 182-187. 

Vayssiere, A. 

1900. Description de deux nouvelles especes de Pleurobranchides. Journ. 

Conchy., vol. 48, pp. 8-11. 

Watson, R. B. 

1883. Mollusca of H. M. S. Challenger Expedition. Pt. 12, Journ. Linn. Soc. 

London, vol. 16, pp. 324-343. 

1883. Mollusca of H. M. S. Challenger Expedition. Pt. 14, Journ. Linn. Soc. 

London, vol. 16, pp. 372-392. 

Weinkaufp, H. C. 

1873. Monograph on Conus in Martini-Chemnitz' "Conchylien-Cabinet," vol. 

4, pp. 1, 2. 

1879. Die Gattungen Marginella und Erato. Martini-Chemnitz' "Conchylien- 

Cabinet," vol. 5, pt. 4, pp. 1-166. 

Woodward, S. P. 

1855. On Panopaea aldrovandi Lamarck. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 23, pp. 

218-221.

LIST OF SPECIES COLLECTED BY LIEUT. COL. 

ALFRED, SOUTH AFRICA. 

1. Argonauta argo Linnaeus. 

2. Spirula peronii Lamarck. 

3. Cavolina longirostris Lesueur. 

4. Cavolina globulosa Rang. 

5. Styliola africana Bartsch. 

6. Actaeon albus Sowerby. 

7. Bullina scabra Gmelin. 

8. Acteocina smithi Bartsch. 

9. Acteocina, species? 

10. Retusa truncatula Bruguiere. 

11. Volvula, species? 

12. Cylichna africana Bartsch. 

13. Cylichna tubulosa Gould. 

14. Bullaria ampulla Linnaeus. 

15. Bullaria, species? 

16. Haminea alfredensis Bartsch 

17. Ringicula turtoni Bartsch. 

18. Ringicula africana Bartsch. 

19. Hydatina physis Linnaeus. 

20. Cylindrobulla turtoni Bartsch. 

21. Volvatella laguncula Sowerby. 

22. Tethys maculata Rang. 

23. Tethys concava Sowerby. 

24. Tethys, species? 

25. Philine capensis Bergh. 

26. Oxynoe natalensis Smith. 

27. Melampus acinoides Morelet. 

28. Melampus, species? 

29. Microtralia, species? 

30. Siphonaria concinna Sowerby. 

31. Siphonaria capensis Quoy and Gai- 

mard. 

32. Siphonaria capensis lineolata Krauss. 

33. Siphonaria aspera Krauss. 

34. Gadinia costata Krauss. 

35. Ampullarina africana Smith. 

36. Terebra capensis Smith. 

37. Terebra suspensa Smith. 

38. Terebra apicitincta Sowerby. 

39. Terebra, species? 

40. Conus, species? 

41. Conus rosaceus Chemnitz. 

42. Conus aurora Sowerby. 

43. Conus lavendulus Bartsch. 

44. Conus alfredensis Bartsch. 

TURTON AT PORT 

45. Conus caffer Krauss. 

46. Conus guttatus Kiener. 

47. Conus pictus Reeve. 

48. Conus infrenatus Reeve. 

49. Conus bairstoioi Sowerby. 

50. Conus, species? 

51. Clionella hraussi Smith. 

52. Clionella bipartita Smith. 

53. Clionella subventricosa Smith. 

54. Clionella confusa Smith. 

55. Clionella rosaria Reeve. 

56. Clionella sybaritica Bartsch. 

57. Clionella nereia Bartsch. 

58. Clionella turtoni Bartsch. 

59. Clionella, species? 

60. Clionella bornii Smith. 

61. Clionella? platystoma Smith. 

62. Clionella, species? 

63. Tunis fultoni Sowerby. 

64. Clavatula taxus Kiener. 

65. Clavatula haliplex Bartsch. 

66. Clavatula halistrepta Bartsch. 

67. Clavatula helena Bartsch. 

68. Clavatula, species? , 

69. Drillia rousi Sowerby. 

70. Drillia caffra Smith. 

71. Drillia signa Bartsch. 

72. Drillia layardi Sowerby. 

73. Drillia diversa Smith. 

74. Drillia bairstowi Sowerby. 

75. Drillia hottentota Smith. 

76. Drillia albonodulosa Smith. 

77. Drillia thetis Smith. 

78. Drillia nivosa Smith. 

79. Drillia subcontracta Smith. 

80. Drillia praetermissa Smith. 

81. Drillia lara Bartsch. 

82. Mangilia capensis Smith. 

83. Mangilia dina Bartsch. 

84. Mangilia verrucosa Sowerby. 

85. Mangilia gisna Bartsch. 

86 

. 

Mangilia consanguinea Sowerby. 

87. Mangilia nisga Bartsch. 

88. Mangilia helga Bartsch. 

89. Mangilia? crassilirata Smith. 

221


90. Mangilia eucosmia Bartsch. 

91. Mangilia herilda Bartsch. 

92. 

93. 

94. 

95. 

96. 

97. 

98. 

99. 

100. 

101. 

105. 

106. 

107. 

108. 

109. 

110. 

111. 

Mangilia, species? 

Mangilia grayi Reeve. 

Mangilia nympha Bartsch. 


Mangilia amplexa Gould. 

Mangilia humerosa Bartsch. 

Mangilia ponsonbyi Sowerby. 


Mangilia siren Smith. 

Cyihara alfredensis Smith. 

102. Cythara ima Bartsch. 

103. Daphnellal sulcata Sowerby. 

104. Daphnella alfredensis Bartsch. 

Cancellariafoveolata Sowerby. 

Cancellaria semidisjuncta Sowerby. 

Eburna papillaris Sowerby. 

Ancilla obtusa Swainson. 

Ancilla reevei Smith. 

Ancilla albozonata Smith. 

Ancilla obesa Sowerby. 

112. Ancilla fasciata Reeve. 

113. Ancilla marmorata Reeve. 

114. Ancilla pura Sowerby. 

115. Ancilla bulloides Reeve. 

116. Ancilla osculata Sowerby. 

117. Ancilla, species? 

118. Sylvanochlea ancilla Sowerby. 

119. Sylvanochlea, species? 

120. Marginella pyrum Gronovius. 

121. Marginella rosea Lamarck. 

122. Marginella mosaica Sowerby. 

123. Marginella ornata Redfield. 

124. Marginella, species? 

125. Marginella lineolata Sowerby. 

126. Marginella piperita Hinds. 

127. Marginella albocincta Sowerby. 

128. Marginella bairstowi Sowerby. 

129. Marginella punctilineata Smith. 

130. 

131. 

132. 

Marginella Iceenii Marrat. 

Marginella eucosmia Bartsch. 

Marginella, species? 

133. Marginella cosmia Bartsch. 


135. Marginella munda Smith. 

136. Marginella zonata Kiener. 

137. Marginella bilineata Krauss. 

138. Marginella neglecta Sowerby. 

139. Marginella turtoni Bartsch. 

140. Marginella cleo Bartsch. 

141. Marginella cylindrica Sowerby. 

142. Marginella fallax Smith. 

143. Marginella lepta Bartsch. 

144. Marginella dulcis Smith. 

145. Marginella burnupi Sowerby. 

146. Marginella differens Smith. 

147. Marginella alfredensis Bartsch. 

148. Marginella algoensis Smith. 

149. Marginella almo Bartsch. 

150. Marginella zeyheri Krauss. 


152. Voluta africana Reeve. 

153. Voluta (Callipara) bullata Swainson. 

154. Xancus truncatus Sowerby. 

155. Mitra baihyraphe Sowerby. 

156. Mitra canaliculata Sowerby. 

157. Mitra capensis Dunker. 

158. Mitra ima Bartsch. 

159. Mitra euzonata Sowerby. 

160. Mitra kowiensis Sowerby. 

161. Mitra latruncularia Reeve. 

162. Mitra merula Sowerby. 

163. Mitra, species? 

164. Mitra patula Reeve. 

165. Mitra picta Reeve. 

166. Mitromorpha volva Sowerby. 

167. Fasciolaria heynemanni Dunker. 

168. Fasciolaria alfredensis Bartsch. 

169. Fasciolaria, species? 

170. Latirus rousi Sowerby. 

171. Latirus bairstowi Sowerby. 

172. Fusinus ocelliferus Born. 

173. Fusinus cingulatus Smith. 

174. Cominella tigrina Kiener. 

175. Cominella porcata Gmelin. 

176. Cominella papyracea Bruguiere. 

177. Cominella lagenaria Lamarck. 

178. Cominella elongata Dunker. 

179. Cominella alfredensis Bartsch. 

180. Cominella unifasciata Sowerby. 

181. Cominella puncturata Sowerby. 

182. Cominella angusta Sowerby. 

183. Cominella, species? 

184. Tritonidea insculpta Sowerby. 

185. Euthria ponsonbyi Sowerby. 

186. Euthria fuscotincta Sowerby. 

187. Euthria turtoni Bartsch. 

188. Colubraria alfredensis Bartsch. 

189. Alectrion capensis Dunker. 

190. Alectrion crawfordi Sowerby. 

191. Alectrion kochiana Dunker. 

192. Alectrion quantula Gould. 

193. Alectrion cerotina A. Adams. 

194. Alectrion plicosa Dunker. 

195. Alectrion pyramidalis A. Adams. 

196. Alectrion kraussiana Dunker. 

197. Desmoulea retusa Lamarck.


Desmoulea abbreviata Gmelin.


295.

383. Triphoris sabita Bartsch. 

384. Triphoris, species? 

385. Triphoris fuscescens Smith. 

386. Triphoris cerea Smith. 

387. Triphoris nina Bartsch. 

388. Triphoris ima Bartsch. 


389. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) alfredensis 

Bartsch. 

390. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) exquisita 

Sowerby. 

391. Cerithiopsis erna Bartsch. 

392. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) nina 

Bartsch 

. 

393. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) nisaba 

Bartsch. 

394. Cerithiopsis, species? 

395. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) saba 

Bartsch. 

396. Cerithiopsis, species? 

397. Seila alfredensis Bartsch. 

398. Seila africana Bartsch. 

399. Seila smithi Bartsch. 

400. Eumeta bia Bartsch. 

401. Cerithium contractum Sowerby. 

402. Cerithium vulgatum Linnaeus. 

403. Cerithium crassilabrum Krauss. 

404. Caecum glabratum Montagu. 

405. Vermicularia, species? 

406. Vermicularia, species? 

407. Siliquaria (Pyxipoma) weldi Tenison- 

Woods. 

408. Siliquaria, species? 

409. Turritella puncticulata Sowerby. 

410. Turritella carinifera Lamarck. 

411. Turritella annulata Kiener. 

412. Turritella kowiensis Sowerby. 

413. Turritella, species? 

414. Turritella, species? 

415. Littorina africana Philippi. 

416. Littorina africana tryphena Bartsch. 

417. Littorina knysnaensis Krauss. 

418. Littorina ahenea Reeve. 

419. Cithna africana Bartsch. 

420. Alaba pinnae Krauss. 

421. Alabina alfredensis Bartsch. 

422. Alabina africana Bartsch. 

423. Diala infrasulcata Sowerby. 

424. Diala africana Bartsch. 

425. Diala dubia Sowerby. 

426. Diala capensis Bartsch. 

427. Diala almo Bartsch. 

428. Heliacus africanus Bartsch. 

429. Heliacus, species? 

430. Nodulus perspectus Smith. 

431. Nodulus africanus Bartsch. 

432. Sabanaea pyrrha Bartsch. 

433. Sabanaea thalia Bartsch. 

434. Amphithalamus turtoni Bartsch. 

435. Amphithalamus africanus Bartsch. 

436. Alvania nemo Bartsch. 

437. Alvania farquhari Smith. 

438. Alvania alfredensis Bartsch. 

439. Alvania almo Bartsch. 

440. Alvania argentea Sowerby. 

441. Alvania fenestrata Krauss. 

442. Alvania ima Bartsch. 

443. Rissoina alfredi Smith. 

444. Rissoina calia Bartsch. 

445. Rissoina, species? 

446. Rissoina eucosmia Bartsch. 

447. Rissoina, species? 

448. Microsetia conspecta Smith. 

449. Microsetia gisna Bartsch. 

450. Microsetia halia Bartsch. 

451. Microsetia helga Bartsch. 

452. Microsetia irma Bartsch. 

453. Barleeia smithi Bartsch. 

454. Fenella almo Bartsch. 

455. Jeffreysia caffra Sowerby. 

456. Jeffreysia capensis Sowerby. 

457. Assiminea ovata Krauss. 

458. Assiminea umlaasiana Smith. 

459. Assiminea capensis Bartsch. 

460. Assiminea fasciata Krauss. 

461. Assiminea, species? 

462. Trochita helicoidea Sowerby. 

463. Trochita sinensis Linnaeus. 

464. Crepidula aculeata Gmelin. 

465. Crepidula hepatica Deshayes. 

466. Crepidula hepatica complanata 

Krauss. 

467. Crepidula lentiginosa Sowerby. 

4G8. Lamellaria perspicua, Linnaeus. 

469. Natica imperforata Gray. 

470. Natica alfredensis Bartsch. 

471. Natica forata Reeve. 

472. Natica africana Bartsch. 

473. Natica napus Smith. 

474. Natica decipiens Smith. 

475. Natica, species? 

476. Natica nemo Bartsch. 

477. Natica, species? 

478. Vanikoro africana Bartsch. 

479. Acmaea roseoradiata Smith. 

480. Patella granatina Linnaeus. 

481. Patella longicosta Lamarck.


482. Patella oculus Reeve. 

483. Patella granulans Linnaeus. 

484. Patella barbara Linnaeus. 

485. Patella conspicua Philippi. 

486. Patella argenvillei Krauss. 

487. Patella variabilis Krauss. 

488. Patella compressa Lamarck. 

489. Patella miniata Born. 

490. Patella cochlear Born. 

491. Patella capcnsis Dunker. 

492. Patella dunkeri Krauss. 

493. Patella pruinosa Krauss. 

494. Helcion pectinatus Linnaeus. 

495. Phasianella kochii Philippi. 

496. Phasianella elongata Krauss. 

497. Phasianella africana Bartsch. 

498. Phasianella bicarinata Dunker. 

499. Turbo sarmaticus Linnaeus. 

500. Turbo cidaris Gmelin. 

501. Turbo natalensis Krauss. 

502. Astraea tayloriana Smith. 

503. Leptothyra africana Bartsch. 

504. Leptothyra quantilla Gould. 

505. Leptothyra carminea Bartsch. 

506. Leptothyra alfredensis Bartsch. 

507. Clanculus miniatus Anton. 

508. Clanculus alfredensis Bartsch. 

509. Clanculus waltonae Sowerby. 

510. Oxystele merula Lamarck. 

511. Oxystele tigrina Chemnitz. 

512. Oxystele sagittifera Lamarck. 

513. Oxystele tabularis Krauss. 

514. Gibbula articulata Gould. 

515. Gibbula fucata Gould 

516. Gibbula cicer Menke. 

517. Gibbula gaudiosa Gould. 

518. Gibbula thalia Bartsch. 

519. Gibbula multicolor Krauss. 

520. Gibbula benzi Krauss. 

521. Gibbula tryoni Pilsbry. 

522. Gibbula zonata Wood. 

523. Gibbula rifaca Bartsch. 

524. Solariella fuscomaculata Smith. 

525. Solariella, species? 

526. Calliostoma eucosmia Bartsch. 

527. Calliostoma africana Bartsch. 

528. Euchelus natalensis Smith. 

529. Cynisca forticostata Smith. 

530. Cynisca gloriosa Bartsch. 

531. Cynisca alfredensis Bartsch. 

532. Cynisca africana Bartsch. 

533. Teinostoma africana Smith. 

534. Teinostoma alfredensis Bartsch. 

535. Ilaira fulgens Gould. 

. 

536. Lippistes grayi Adams. 

537. Vitrinella rifaca Bartsch. 

538. Vitrinella cifara Bartsch. 

539. Vitrinella ficara Bartsch. 

540. Vitrinella facira Bartsch. 

541. Vitrinclla(Docomphala)arifcaBartsch.. 

542. Cyclostrema alfredensis Bartsch. 

543. Cyclostrcmella farica Bartsch. 

544. Cyclostremella africana Bartsch. 

545. Caporbis africana Bartsch. 

546. Pondorbis alfredensis Bartsch. 

547. Discopsis planulata Sowerby. 

548. Discopsis alfredensis Bartsch. 

549. Discopsis africana Bartsch. 

550. Discopsis turtoni Bartsch. 

551. Leptogyra africana Bartsch. 

552. Nerita albicilla Linnaeus. 

553. Neritina, species? 

554. Nepionic shell. 

555. Haliotis midae Linnaeus. 

556. Haliotis sanguinea Hanley. 

557. Haliotis parva Linnaeus. 

558. Haliotis alfredensis Bartsch. 

559. Scissurella jucunda Smith. 

560. Schismope insignis Smith. 

561. Fissurella natalensis Krauss. 

562. Fissurella mutabilis Sowerby. 

563. Pupillaea aperta Sowerby. 

564. Fissuridea elizabethae Smith. 

565. Fissuridea spreta Smith. 

566. Fissuridea elevata Dunker. 

567. Fissuridea calyculata Sowerby. 

568. Fissuridea australis Krauss. 

569. Fissuridea parviforata Smith. 

570. Puncturella africana Bartsch. 

571. Callochiton castaneus Wood. 

572. Lschnochiton craufordi Sykes. 

573. lschnochiton oniscus Krauss. 

574. lschnochiton tigrinus Krauss. 

575. Dinoplax gigas Gmelin. 

576. Dinoplax gigas alfredensis Bartsch. 

577. Dinoplax fossus Sykes. 

578. Acanthochites garnoti Blainville. 

579. Acanthochites carpenteri Pilsbry. 

580. Chiton tulipa Quoy and Gaimard. 

581. Chiton, species ? 

582. Dentalium exasperatum Sowerby. 

583. Dentalium regulare Smith. 

584. Dentalium, species ? 

585. Nucula sculpturata Sowerby. 

586. Nucula nucleus Linnaeus? 

587. Limopsis pumilis Smith. 

588. Glycimeris queketti Sowerby. 

589. Area acuminata Krauss.

590. 

SOUTH AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS. 227


694. Tellina, species? 

695. Tellina, species? 

696. Metis orbicularis Sowerby. 

697. Macoma littoralis Krauss. 

698. Macoma africana Sowerby. 

699. Semele capensis Smith. 

700. Abra africana Bartsch. 

701. Theora alfredensis Bartsch. 

702. Gastrana abildgaardiana Spengler. 

703. Psammobia burnupi Sowerby. 

704. Psammobia, species? 

705. Psammotellina capensis Sowerby. 

706. Donax serra Chemnitz. 

707. Donax bertini Pilsbry. 

708. Donax sordidus Hanley. 

709. Donax simplex Sowerby. 

710. Donax burnupi Sowerby. 

711. Solen alfredcnsis Bartsch. 

712. Solen capensis Fischer. 

713. Schizodesma spengleri Linnaeus. 

714. Eastonia africana Bartsch. 

715. Mactra adansoni Philippi. 

716. Mactra alfredensis Bartsch. 

717. Lutraria capensis Deshayes. 

718. Saxicava arenacea Smith. 

719. Saxicava lirata Smith. 

720. Gastrochaena, species? 

721. Pholas alfredensis Bartsch.

MOLLUSKS REPORTED FROM SOUTH AFRICA NOT CONTAINED IN THE 

COLLECTION OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM FROM 

THAT AREA. 

In the following list have been cited all those species which have 

been reported from South Africa, which are not in the United States 

National Museum from that area. I have given the type-locality 

from which each species was first reported. If no locality follows 

the name, it signifies that none was given in the original description. 

Many of the species listed from South Africa belong to entirely dif- 

ferent faunal areas, and the authors who reported them should very 

carefully compare their material with the species from the type- 

locality. They will probably find, as I have found in many instances, 

that their shells, while bearing a superficial resemblance to the South 

African mollusks, are not specifically the same. 

Acanthochitcs variegatus Nierstrasz, Natal. 

Acanthopleura afra Rochebrune, Cape of Good Hope; Madagascar. 

quatrefagesi Rochebrune, Cape of Good Hope. 

spinigera Sowerby. 

Aclis tenuistriata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Acrilla gracilis A. Adams, Indo Pacific. 

Actaeon affinis A. Adams, China Seas; New Ireland; Borneo; Philippine Islands. 

Agulhasia davidsoni King, Agulhas Bank 

Alvania pura Gould, Simoda. 

Anatina villosiuscula Macquart, Island of Harris. 

Aneilla angustata Sowerby, China Seas. 

australis Sowerby, New Zealand. 

cinnamomea Lamarck. 

dimidiata Sowerby, Red Sea. 

hasta Martens, Agulhas Bank. 

lineolata A. Adams. 

montrouzieri Sowerby, Lifu. 

optima Sowerby, Durban. 

ordinaria Smith, Port Shepstone. 

Ancillaria contusa Reeve. 

Anomia tridentata Forskal. 

Aphelodoris ? brunnea Bergh, Kalk Bay. 

Apicalia biformis Sowerby, Durban. 

Aplusatrum amplustre Linnaeus, Asia. 

Aplysia allochroa Bergh, Knysna. 

cirrhifera Quoy and Gaimard, Isle of France. 

depilans Linnaeus, Mediterranean Sea. 

eusiphonata Bergh, East London. 

gargantua Bergh, Simons Town. 

. 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 16 229


Aplysia gilchristi Bergh, False Bay. 

lobata Bergh, Woodstock Beach (Table Bay). 

marmorata Blainville, La Rochelle. 

monochroa Bergh, Hermanus Islands. 

poikilia Bergh, Kalk Bay. 

savignana Ferussac, Red Sea. 

woodii Bergh, East London. 

Area africana Sowerby, Tugela River mouth. 

coelata Reeve. 

divaricata Reeve, Annaan Island, Pacific Ocean. 

domingensis Lamarck, Santo Domingo, West Indies. 

erythraeensis Jonas, Red Sea. 

imbricata Bruguiere, Senegal; Malacca. 

inaequivalvis Bruguiere, East Indies. 

inflata Krauss, Natal. 

kraussii Philippi, Natal. 

lactea Linnaeus, Mediterranean Sea. 

modiolus Poli, Sicily. 

natalensis Krauss, Natal Point. 

navicularis Bruguiere, Santo Domingo. 

nivea Chemnitz, Red Sea. 

nucleus Linnaeus, Europe. 

obliquata Gray. 

ovata Gmelin, Red Sea. 

quoyi Payer, Valinco, France. 

scabra Poli, Sicily. 

scapha Chemnitz, Red Sea. 

squamosa Lamarck, Seas of New Holland. 

Archidoris capensis Bergh, Cape Point. 

granosa Bergh, Tongaati River and Woodstock Beach (Table Bay). 

Archidoris (?) scripta Bergh, off the Hongazi River. 

Argonauta bottgeri Maltzan. 

kochiana Dunker. 

tuberculata Shaw. 

Astralium andersoni Smith, Durban. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Natal. 

Atys cylindrica Helbling, East Indies. 

Auricula caffra Kuster, Natal Coast. 

kraussii Kuster, Natal Coast. 

kusteri Krauss, Natal Coast. 

livida Deshayes. 

pellucens Menke, Demerara. 

umlassiana Krauss, Natal Coast. 

Aurieulina lucida Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Avicula flabellum Reeve, Venezuela. 

zebra Reeve, Moreton Bay. 

Axinaea arabica H. Adams. 

Bankivia varians Becquard, Australia. 

Basterotia obtusa Sowerby, Durban. 

Bittium quadricinctum Smith, Durban. 

Bornia seminulum Philippi, Sicily. 

Buccinum arcularia Linnaeus. 

cariniferum Kuster, Natal Coast.


Buccinum cerealis Menke, Cape of Good Hope. 

clathratum Adams and Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

coccinella Lamarck, Coasts of Brittany, France. 

coronatum Bruguiere, Madagascar. 

dunkeri Kuster, Cape of Good Hope. 

flavum Bruguiere. 

glaucum Gmelin, Indian Ocean. 

horridum Dunker. 

laevigatum Martini, East Indies. 

lineatus DaCosta, Cornwall, England; West Indies. 

marginulatum Lamarck, Mediterranean Sea. 

marmoratum Reeve, Capul, Philippine Islands. 

perdix Linnaeus, America. 

perlatum Kuster, Natal Coast. 

pictum Dunker, East Indies. 

pyramidalis Gmelin, Tranquebar. 

rubiginosum Reeve, Red Sea. 

rufulum Kiener, Mediterranean Sea? 

signata Dunker, East Indies. 

situla Reeve, Annaan Island, Pacific Ocean. 

testiculus Linnaeus, Jamaica. 

violaceum Quoy and Gaimard, Table Bay. 

Bulla aperta Linnaeus, Cape of Good Hope. 

cylindracea Pennant, British Isles. 

elongata A. Adams, Ceylon; Cebu. 

Jicus Linnaeus, Indian Ocean; Amboyna. 

natalensis Krauss, Natal. 

puncto-striata Mighels, Casco Bay, Maine. 

rostrata A. Adams, Port Lincoln, Australia. 

solidula Linnaeus. 

soluta Gmelin, Ceylon. 

spelta Linnaeus, Mediterranean Sea. 

umbilicata Montagu, England. 

valuta Quoy and Gaimard, Guam. 

Bullia achatina Lamarck, South Africa. 

aneillaeformis Smith, Port Shepstone. 

capensis Euthyme, Cape of Good Hope. 

mauritiana Gray, Madagascar. 

mediolaevis Martens, False Bay. 

pustulosa Sowerby, Natal. 

similis Sowerby, Natal. 

Bullina oblonga Sowerby, Pondoland. 

Calliostoma bisculptum Smith, Durban. 

burnupi Smith, Durban. 

crossleyae Smith, Isezela, Natal; Port Shepstone. 

farquhari Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

granoliratum Sowerby, Cape Point, False Bay. 

iridescens Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

layardi Sowerby, Pondoland. 

perfragile Sowerby, Vasco da Gama Peak; Lion's Head. 

Callochiton dentatus Spengler, Cape of Good Hope. 

Calyptraea cicatricosa Reeve, Luzon, Philippine Islands. 

vorosa Reeve, Australia.


Cancellaria imbricata Watson, Cape of Good Hope. 

Cape of Good Hope; Ceylon; Strait of 

lamellosa Hinds, Indian Archipelago ; 

Macassar; Philippine Islands. 

producta Sowerby, off Umhloti River mouth (Natal). 

Cardita calyculata Lamarck, Atlantic Ocean. 

concamerata Bruguiere, America. 

elata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

pulcherrima Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

variegata Bruguiere, East Indies and Africa. 

Carditella capensis Smith, Simons Bay. 

Cardium adamsii Reeve, Borneo. 

asiaticum Bruguiere, East Indies. 

burnupi Sowerby, Durban. 

fasciatum Montagu, England. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Algoa Bay. 

lima Gmelin, Nicobara. 

natalense Krauss, Natal. 

papyraceum Chemnitz, East Indies. 

rubicundum Reeve, Zanzibar. 

rubrum Montagu, England. 

rugosum Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

semisulcatum Gray, West Indies. 

tenuicostatum Lamarck, Timor; New Holland. 

Cassis areola Lamarck, seas of India; Moluccas. 

bisulcata Schubert and Wagner, Manila. 

craticulatus Euthyme. 

pila Reeve, China. 

torquata Reeve, New Holland. 

Cavolina quadridentata Lesueur, Barbados. 

trispinosa Lesueur, Antilles and Indian Ocean. 

Cerithiopsis chapmaniana Smith, Isezela. 

insignis Smith, Port Shepstone. 

lirata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

natalensis Smith, Tongaat, Natal. 

neglecta C. B. Adams, Panama. 

? peilei Smith, Port Elizabeth. 

purpurea Angas, New South Wales. 

Cerithium albovaricosum Smith, Providence Reef; Mascarenes; Hawaiian Islands. 

caeruleum Sowerby, Red Sea. 

citrinum Sowerby, Masbate, Philippine Islands. 

columna Sowerby, Philippine Islands. 

dialeucum Philippi. 

echinatum Lamarck. 

egenum Gould, Wilson Island. 

foveolatum Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

inaequisculpta Kobelt, Durban. 

kochii Philippi, East Africa. 

lacteum Kiener. 

mediterraneum Deshayes, Mediterranean. 

moniliferum Dufresne, Indian Ocean. 

natalensis Kobelt, Natal Coast. 

obeliscum Bruguiere, East Indies; Polynesia; Mauritius. 

pingue A. Adams, Philippine Islands.

Cerithium rissoidea Sowerby. 


rufonodulosum Smith, Algoa Bay. 

rugosum Wood. 

taeniatum Sowerby, New Guinea. 

trilineatum PMlippi, Pantellaria Island. 

zebrum Kiener, Indian Ocean; Isle of France. 

tChaetopleura apiculata Say, East Coast North America. 

destituta Sykes, Durban. 

papilio Spengler, Table Bay. 

Chama gryphoides Linnaeus, Mediterranean Sea. 

iostoma Conrad, Hawaiian Islands. 

Chemnitzia lactea Krauss, Natal. 

trachealis Gould, Simons Bay. 

Chione ambigua Deshayes, Mozambique. 

Chiton africana Rochebrune, Dakar; Cape Verde; Table Bay; Cape of Good Hope. 

brevispinosus Sowerby, Johanna Island, East Africa. 

capensis Gray, Cape of Good Hope. 

carmichaelis Gray, Cape of Good Hope. 

granulatus Gmelin, American Oceans. 

indicus Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

labeculatus Reeve. 

literatus Krauss, Natal. 

lyratus Sowerby. 

macgillivrayi Carpenter, Tristan d'Acunha. 

marginatus Pennant, Scarborough. 

nigrovirescens Blainville, Cape of Good Hope. 

pertusus Reeve, Simons Bay. 

pruinosus Gould, Off Fort Santa Cruz, Rio Janeiro. 

punctulata Krauss, South Africa. 

pustulatus Krauss, Natal. 

solea Sowerby, Cape of- Good Hope. 

spiculosus Reeve, West Indies. 

subgigas Blainville. 

sykesi Sowerby, Cape Point Lighthouse; Vasco da Gama Peak. 

textilis Gray, Cape of Good Hope. 

wahlbergi Krauss, Table Bay. 

watsoni Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

Chitonellus striatus Lamarck (?), New Holland. 

Chlamys fultoni Sowerby, Amatikulu, Conical Hill. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Vasco da Gama. 

humilis Sowerby, Great Fish Point; Cape St. Blaize. 

natalensis Smith, Durban. 

Chrow,odoridella mirabilis Eliot, Natal. 

Chromodoris albolimbata Bergh, Off Sebastian Bluff. 

annulata Eliot, Zanzibar. 

euelpis Bergh, Off Umhloti River, mouth. 

Chromodoris (?) lineata Souleyet, East Africa. 

runcinata Bergh, Philippine Islands. 

Cingulina acutilirata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

circinata A. Adams, Japan. 

Cioniscus unilineatus Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Circe divaricata Chemnitz, Ceylon.


Clanculus carinatus A. Adams. 

laceyi Sowerby, South Africa. 

mixtus Smith, Port Elizabeth. 

waltonae Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Clathurella commoda Smith, California. 

westcotti Smith, Durban. 

Clavatula impages Adams and Reeve, China Sea. 

parilis Smith, Durban. 

Collonia bicarinata Martens, Agulhas Bank. 

Columbella atrata Gould, Hong Kong. 

avena Reeve, Cape Colony. 

biflammata Reeve. 

burnupi Smith, Natal. 

consanguinea Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

filmerae Sowerby, Pondoland. 

floccata Reeve, Cape Colony. 

kitchingi Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

lactea Duclos, Indian Ocean and coast of Seychelles. 

langleyi Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

leptalea Smith, Unkomaas, Natal. 

ligula Duclos. 

mendicaria (var.) Lamarck, Indian Seas 

mercatoria Lamarck, Atlantic Ocean; coasts of Island of Goree; Antilles. 

obtusa Sowerby, Society Islands. 

pulchella Sowerby. 

pumila Sowerby, Baie Boise (sud de la Nouvelle Caledonie). 

sagena Reeve, Japan. 

shepstonensis Smith, Port Shepstone; Zanzibar. 

turturina Lamarck. 

undata Duclos. 

varians Sowerby, Galapagos Islands. 

versicolor Sowerby, Annoa or Chain Island. 

Cominella glandiformis Reeve. 

intinctum Reeve. 

prolongata Smith, Cape Colony. 

semisulcata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Cominella? sulcata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Conus altispiratus Sowerby, Agulhas Bank; South Africa. 

anceps Sowerby, Philippine Islands. 

aplustre Reeve. 

arachnoideus Gmelin. 

arenatus Hwass, Asia; Amboyna; Cape of Good Hope. 

bandanus Hwass, Moluccas. 

betulinus Linnaeus. 

capitaneus Linnaeus, (?), Asia. 

ceylanensis Hwass, Ceylon. 

ceylonicus Chemnitz, Ceylon. 

consors Sowerby, Philippine Islands. 

conspersus Reeve. 

daullei var. Cross. 

dupontii Kiener. 

elongatus Chemnitz, New Guinea. 

eucoronatus Sowerby, Cape St. Blaize. 

flavidus Lamarck.

Conusfulvus Sowerby, South Africa. 


geographus Linnaeus, India. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Umhlangakulu River, mouth, Natal. 

gilvus Reeve, Saldanha Bay, South Africa. 

glans Bruguiere, St. Bernard, coast of Africa; Madagascar; Isle of France, 

Moluccas. 

gradatulus Weinkauff , 

hebraeus Linnaeus, India. 

innexus A. Adams, Natal 

Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

jaspideus Kiener, Algoa Bay, South Africa. 

lamarcki Kiener. 

lautus Reeve. 

legatus Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

lineatus Chemnitz, East Indies. 

lividus Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

loveni Krauss, Cape of Good Hope; Natal. 

miles Linnaeus, India. 

miliaris Hwass. 

minimus Linnaeus. 

mozambicus Hwass, Mozambique. 

natalensis Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

nemocanus Hwass, Namoca Island. 

nimbosus Hwass, East Indies. 

obscurus Humphreys, Masbate, Philippine Islands. 

patens Sowerby, Vasco da Gama Peak, Cape of Good Hope. 

pauperculus Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

piperatus Dillwyn, Indian Ocean. 

plumbeus Reeve. 

primula Reeve. 

punctatus Gmelin. 

queketti Smith, Natal. 

quercinus Bruguiere, Isle of France; Madagascar; Cape of Good Hope. 

rattus Lamarck, America. 

scitulus Reeve. 

simplex Sowerby, East Indies. 

tessellatus Born, African Ocean. 

textile Linnaeus, Bandam. 

tinianus Hwass, Tinian Island. 

turritus Sowerby, Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

vermiculatus Lamarck, Asia; Africa; America. 

verreauxii Kiener, Cape of Good Hope. 

vexillum Gmelin. 

Coralliophila fragosa Smith, Scottburgh, Natal. 

fritschi Martens, False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. 

Corbula cuneata Hinds, Catbalogan, Philippine Islands; Agulhas Bank; Cape of Good 

Hope. 

rugifera Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 

tunicata Hinds, Island of Corregidor, Bay of Manila; Straits of Macassar; Cape 

of Good Hope. 

Crassatella abrupta Sowerby, Umhloti River, mouth. 

africana Sowerby, Cape Infanta. 

angulata Sowerby, Umhlangakulu River, mouth. 

crebrilirata Sowerby, Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Martha Point (South Coast).


Crassatella glabrata Lamarck, Ocean d'Afrique ? de l'Inde? 

subquadrata Sowerby, Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

tenuis Sowerby, Cape St. Blaize. 

Crepidula adspersa Dunker, Guinea. 

capensis Quoy, Table Bay; Cape of Good Hope. 

rugulosa Dunker, Cape of Good Hope. 

Cryptodon investigatoris Smith, Ceylon, off Colombo. 

polygonius Gould, Simons Bay. 

subradiatus Gould, Simons Bay. 

Cryptogramma arakauensis Nevill, Arakon. 

Cultellus decipiens Smith, Port Alfred. 

pellucidus Pennant, British. 

Cuspidaria forticostata Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

nasuta Sowerby, Cape Point Lighthouse. 

optima Sowerby, Umtralumi River, mouth. 

Cyclas capensis Krauss, Knysna River. 

ferruginea Krauss, Knysna River. 

Cyclostoma ligatura Lamarck, Madagascar. 

Cyclostrema cingulifcra A. Adams, Negros, Philippine Islands; Japan. 

injlata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

pellucida Smith, Port Shepstone, Natal. 

rotundata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

semisculptum Martens, Agulhas Bank; South Africa. 

Cylichna fragilis Jeffreys, Spezia, Spain. 

nitens Smith, Fiji Islands. 

Cylindrobulla sculpta G. and H. Nevill, Ceylon. 

Cypraea angustata Gmelin. 

annulus Linnaeus, Amboyna. 

arabica Linnaeus, East Indies; Sunda Strait. 

barclayi Reeve, Mauritius. 

caput-serpentis Linnaeus, Mauritius. 

carneola Linnaeus, Asia. 

caurica Linnaeus. 

clandestina Linnaeus. 

costata Gmelin. 

cribraria Linnaeus. 

cruenta Gmelin. 

erosa Linnaeus, Mauritius and Ascension Islands. 

felina Gmelin. 

fultoni Sowerby, South Africa. 

fuscodentata Gray, Cape of Good Hope. 

helvola Linnaeus. 

Isabella Linnaeus, Mauritius; Madagascar. 

larnarckii Gray, Indian Ocean. 

listeri Gray, Bengal. 

lynx Lamarck, coasts of Madagascar; Isle of France. 

miliaris Gmelin. 

minorideus Melvill, Pacific Ocean? 

moneta Linnaeus, Mediterranean Sea (shores of Africa). 

nebulosa Kiener, Cape of Good Hope. 

neglecta Sowerby (Mauritius; Borneo)? 

ocellata Linnaeus. 

ovulata Lamarck.

Cypraea producta Gaakoin. 


quadripunetata Gray. 

staphylaea Linnaeus 

stercus-muscarum Lamarck. 

stolida Linnaeus. 

sulcata Gaskoin, Manila, Philippine Islands. 

tabescens Solander, Amboyna. 

tortirostris Sowerby, The Kowie. 

undata Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

variolaria Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

vitrea Gaskoin, Philippine Islands. 

ziczac Linnaeus. 

Cypricardia angulata Lamarck, Seas of New Holland. 

Cyrena qfricana Krauss, Gauritz River, South Africa. 

albida Krauss, South Africa. 

gauritziana Krauss, Gauritz River, South Africa. 

olivacea Krauss, Gauritz River, South Africa. 

pnsilla Parreyss, upper Nile. 

radiata Parreyss, branch of the Nile. 

Cytherea alucinans Sowerby, Natal. 

compressa Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

dolabella Sowerby, Red Sea. 

hebraca Lamarck, Indian Ocean? 

hepatica Lamarck, Eastern Seas (les mers Australes?). 

manillae Sowerby, Philippine Islands. 

nucleus Krauss, Natal. 

picta Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

polita Sowerby. 

savignyi Jonas, Red Sea. 

subquadrata Krauss, Knysna River, South Africa. 

transversa Sowerby, Natal. 

zonaria Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

Daphnella minuscula Smith, 4 miles south of Port Elizabeth; Port Alfred. 

Delphinula granulosa Dunker, Table Bay, South Africa. 

Dentaliam africanum Sowerby, Natal. 

belcheri Sowerby, East Indian Archipelago. 

dentalis Linnaeus, Mediterranean. 

glabrum Montagu, England. 

inflexion Sowerby, Natal. 

lessoni Deshayes, New Guinea. 

longitrorsum Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

novemcostatum Lamarck, France; Mediterranean. 

politum Linnaeus, India. 

Diaulula capensis Bergh, Mossel Bay. 

Diaulula (?) morosa Bergh, Mossel Bay. 

Dione floridella Gray, Africa; Guinea Coast. 

Diphyllidia lineata Otto, Indian Ocean. 

Dolabella rumphii Cuvier, Moluccas. 

scapula Martyn, Amboyna. 

Dolabrifera triangularis Watson, Simons Bay; Cape of Good Hope. 

Dolium costatum Menke, Mediterranean. 

favannii Hanley. 

Jimbriatum Sowerby, Manila Bay. 

luteostoma Kuster, Japan; Philippine Islands.


Dolium natalensis E. A. Smith, Durban Bluff, Natal. 

procellarum Euthyme, Cape of Good Hope. 

variegatum Lamarck, Seas of New Holland. 

Donax aemulus Smith, Macusi River, near Quilimane (Mozambique). 

aurantiaca Krauss, Natal. 

elongata Lamarck, coasts of Africa on Atlantic Ocean. 

erythraensis Bertin, Red Sea. 

exarata Krauss, Natal. 

faba Chemnitz, Malabar. 

lubrica Hanley. 

madagascariensis 'Wood, Madagascar. 

nitida Deshayes, Moreton Bay. 

oweni Gray, Africa. 

ringens Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

semisulcata Hanley. 

spiculum, Reeve. 

Doridium capense Bergh, East London. 

Doriopsilla capensis Bergh, Cape St. Blaize. 

Doriopsis caesia Bergh, Roman Rock Lighthouse. 

callosa Bergh, False Bay. 

capensis Bergh, Umlanga River. 

Doris coriacea Abraham, South Africa; Seychelles; Cape Hardy's Islands. 

(?) glabella Bergh, Buffalo Bay. 


(?) perplexa Bergh, off Cape St. Blaize. 

(?) pseudida Bergh, near Table Bay. 

Dosinia consobrina Deshayes, Cape of Good Hope. 

lamellata Reeve, North Australia. 

lincta Pultney, England. 

pubescens Philippi, New Holland; Madagascar. 

Drillia albotessellata Smith, Port Shepstone. 

cantharus Reeve, Cebu. 

rugisculpta Sowerby, The Kowie. 

Elusa natalensis Smith, Port Shepstone. 

Engina astricta Reeve. 

natalensis Melvill, Natal. 

Epidromus crebriliratus Sowerby, Glendower Beacon (near Port Alfred). 

Epitonium macromphalus Smith, Tongaat, Natal. 

shepstonense Smith, Port Shepstone. 

Erato guttula Sowerby, Mauritius. 

sulcifera Gray, Panama (?); Cape of Good Hope (?) 

Ervilia bisculpta Gould, Kagosima. 

scaliola Issel, Red Sea. 

Ethalia africana Smith, Port Alfred. 

Euchelus quadricarinatus Chemnitz, Mediterranean. 

Eulima atlantica Smith, St. Helena. 

dilecta Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 

distorta Deshayes, Grignon, France; Sicily; Britain. 

leptostoma Smith, Isezela, Natal. 

munda Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 


solida Sowerby, Philippine Islands. 

translucida Smith, East London.

SOUTH AFRICAN MARINE MOLLUSKS, 239 

Euplocamus capensis Bergh, South Africa. 

Euthria eburnea Sowerby, Pondoland. 


lacertina Gould, Simons Bay. 

magellani Velain, St. Paul and Amsterdam. 

pura Martens, South Africa. 

quekctti Smith, Natal (10 miles from Durban). 

simoniana Petit, Simons Bay. 

Fasciolaria badia Krauss, Natal. 

filamentosa Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

lugubris Adams and Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

rutila Watson, Cape of Good Hope. 

Fenella cerithina Philippi, Red Sea. 

fulgida A. Adams, British. 

natalensis Smith, Catos Creek, near Durban. 

Fissurella australis Krauss, Natal. 

caffra Gmelin, Cape of Good Hope. 

conoidea Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

cruciata Krauss, Natal. 

dubia Reeve, Port Natal. 

fimbriata Reeve, Port Molle, northeast coast of Australia. 

fumata Reeve. 

incarnata Krauss, Table and False Bays, Natal. 

neglecta Deshayes, Mediterranean and Adriatic Seas. 

nubecula Linnaeus, Mediterranean Sea. 

obtusa Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

robusta Sowerby, South Africa. 

rota Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

sagittata Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

scutella Say, Raine Island; Torres Strait. 

sieboldi Reeve, Japan. 

similis Sowerby, Australia. 

trapezina Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

Fissurellidea concatanata Cross and Fischer, Port Lincoln. 

hiantula Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

Fistulana gregata Lamarck. 

Fossarus capensis Pilsbry, South Africa. 

Fulgur africanus Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Fusus capensis Dunker, Cape of Good Hope. 

clausicaudatus Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

crenulatus Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

lineolatus Dunker, Cape of Good Hope. 

mandarinus Duclos, China Sea. 

pyrrhostoma Watson, off Cape of Good Hope. 

radialis Watson, off Cape of Good Hope. 

robustior Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

scrobiculatus Dunker, Cape of Good Hope. 

subcontracts Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

sulcata Gray. 

toreuma Martyn, Pulo-Condore. 

Gadinia afra Gmelin, Goree Island, Africa. 

Geitodoris capensis Bergh, Glendower Beacon. 

Gibbula armillata A. Adams, Australia. 

becheri Sowerby, The Kowie.


Gibbula biporcata Sowerby, Cape Town. 

calyculata Sowerby. 

fulgura Gould. 

incincta Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

perspectiva Sowerby, Pondoland. 

townsendi Sowerby, Mekran Coast. 

Glyphis crucifera Pilsbry, Natal. 

fuscocrenulata Smith, Port Shepstone and Umkomaaa, Natal. 

levicostata Smith, Tongaat and Port Shepstone, Natal. 

Gymnoplax anaglyptus Rochebrune, Cape of Good Hope. 

melanotrephus Rochebrune, Cape of Good Hope. 

Haliotis queketti Smith, Isezela, Natal. 

Haminea gracilis Sowerby, Durban. 

subcylindrica Sowerby, Durban. 

Harpa conoidalis Lamarck. 

crassa Philippi. 

ventricosa Lamarck, East Indies. 

Helix perspicua Linnaeus. 

Hemisepius typicus Steenstrup. 

Hipponyx acuta Quoy, New Ireland. 

australis Quoy and Gaimard, New Zealand. 

barbata Sowerby, Toubouai, Society Islands. 

granulata A. Adams, west coast of Africa. 

Hyalaea limbata Orbigny, Atlantic Ocean. 

truncata Krauss, False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. 

uncinata Rang, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. 

Eydatina circulata Martyn, Tranquebar. 

undata Bruguiere, Tranquebar. 

Iacra seychellarum H. and A. Adams, Seychelles Islands. 

Ianthina balteata Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

nitens Menke. 

pallida Harvey, Europe. 

prolongata Blainville. 

umbilicata Orbigny, Cuba. 

Idaliella amoeenula Bergh, Gordons Bay. 

Iridina wahlbergi Krauss, Limpopo River. 

Ischnochiton elizabethensis Pilsbry, Port Elizabeth. 

lentiginosus Sowerby. 

Janus capensis Bergh, False Bay and Buffalo Bay. 

Kalinga ornata Alder and Hancock, Coromandel coast (IndiaV 

Kellia macandrewi Fischer, North Spain. 

mactroides Hanley, Cape of Good Hope. 


Lamellaria mauritiana Bergh, Mauritius? 

Lampusia murrayi Smith, off Cape of Good Hope. 

Latiaxis tortilis H. and A. Adams, China. 

Latirus abnormis Sowerby, Natal. 

alboapicata Smith, Durban. 

imbricatus Sowerby, Tugela River mouth, Cape of Good Hope. 

Leucotina elongate. Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

natalensis Smith, Isezela, Natal. 

Libitina angulata Lamarck. 

Lima multicostata Sowerby, Mediterranean? 

squamosa Lamarck, America. 

tenera Turton, England.

Limopsis natalensis Krauss, Natal. 


Liotia bicarinata Martens, near Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

pulcherrima A. Adams, Cape of Good Hope. 

Lippistes carnu Gmelin, Cape of Good Hope. 

Littorina aspera Philippi, America. 

decollata Krauss, Natal. 

glabrata Philippi, Payta, Peru, and Cape Natal. 

intermedia Philippi, Red Sea; Natal; Swan Point; New Holland; Pacific 

Ocean. 

laevis Philippi. 


newcombi Reeve, Hawaiian Islands. 

pintado Wood, Hawaiian Islands. 

punctata Deshayes, Senegal. 

ziezac Chemnitz, Sugar Islands? 

Loligo burnupi Smith, Port Shepstone. 

reynaudi Orbigny, Atlantic Ocean; Cape of Good Hope. 

Loripes rosacea Smith, Durban. 

Lotorium cingulatum Lamarck. 

decipiens Reeve, Mindanao. 

durbanense Smith, Durban. 

gracile Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

nassariforme Sowerby, Natal. 

ranelloides Reeve, Luzon, Philippine Islands. 

Lucina columbella Lamarck, Touraine and Bordeaux (fossil). 

dalliana Vanatta, South Africa. 

exasperata Reeve, Indian Ocean. 

fragilis Philippi, Panormi, Bay of Naples. 

lactea Lamarck, Mediterranean. 

liratula Sowerby, South Africa. 

pecten Lamarck, Senegal 

quadrisulcata Orbigny. 

Luponia castanea Higgins, Southeastern Africa. 

Lutraria intermedia Sowerby, British? 

oblonga Chemnitz. 

Macoma retrorsa Sowerby, Durban. 

Macroschisma compressa A. Adams. 

producta A. Adams, Australia. 

Mactra achatina Chemnitz, Tranquebar? ; Ceylon?; Nicobar? 

australis Lamarck, Seas of New Holland. 

capensis Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

glabrata Linnaeus, African Ocean? 

ovalina Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

polita Chemnitz, East Indies. 

Malleus legumen Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

tigrinis Reeve, Moluccas. 

Mangilia africana Sowerby, Umhloti River, mouth (Natal). 

beckeri Sowerby, The Kowie. 

casta Reeve. 

cerea Carpenter?, Panama. 

claihrata de Serras, Mediterranean. 

costata Donovan, England.


Mangilia elizabethae Smith, 4 miles south of Port Elizabeth. 

shepstonensis Smith, Port Shepstone. 

striolata Scacchi, Spain. 

Margarita dilecta A. Adams, Straits of Magellan. 

Margaritifera vulgaris Schumacher. 

Marginella albanyana Gaskoin, Albany, Africa. 

angustata Sowerby, Cape Point. 

bensoni Reeve, Green Point, Cape of Good Hope. 

biplicata Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

bulbosa Reeve, Borneo. 

chrysea Watson, Sea Point, Cape Town. 

cinera Jousseaume. 

corusca Reeve, Singapore. 

crassilabrum Sowerby, West Indies. 

cystiscus Redfield, Cape of Good Hope. 

diadochus Adams and Reeve, Sunda Strait. 

dunkeri Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

electrina Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

epignus Reeve, Mogadore, Morocco. 

Jloccata Sowerby, South Africa. 

fusiformis Hinds, Strait of Malacca. 

inconspicua Sowerby. 

ingloria Smith, Kowie, Cape Colony. 

interrupta Lamarck. 

labrosa Redfield, West Indies. 

lineato-labrum Gaskoin. 

lurida Marrat, Natal. 

metcalfei Angas, Port Jackson. 

multizonata Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

newcombi Reeve, Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope. 

paxillus Reeve. 

pellicula Weinkauff, Natal Coast. 

perminima Sowerby, South Africa. 

ponsonbyi, Sowerby South Africa. 

pouched Petit, West Africa. 

pseustes Smith, Port Alfred. 

quadrifasciata Marrat, Kabenda, Africa (30 miles north of the Congo). 

reevei Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

ros Reeve. 

rufula Gaskoin. 

savignyi Issel, Red Sea. 

seminula Gould, False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. 


Marsenia capensis Bergh, Cape Point; Lion's Head. 

leptoconcha Bergh, off Cape Point. 

Megalocranchia maxima Pfeffer, Cape of Good Hope. 

Megatebennus sella Sowerby, South Africa. 

Melania nitida Lamarck, Fossile de Grignon et de Parnes. 

Melapium elatum Schubert and Wagner, East Indies. 

Melibe rosea Rang, Cape of Good Hope. 

Minolia congener Sowerby, Cape Infanta; Cape Blaize. 

Miralda crispa Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

•


Mitra aerumnosa Melvill, Algoa Bay, South Africa. 

alauda Sowerby, Mauritius. 

bovei Kiener, Red Sea. 

cadaverosa Reeve, Philippine Islands; Lord Hoods Islands. 

carbonacea Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

chinensis Gray, China. 

circula Kiener. 

cratilia A. Adams, South Africa. 

crenifera Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

crenulata Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

cylindracea Reeve. 

daedala Reeve, Ticao, Philippine Islands. 

episcopalis Linnaeus. 

exasperata Gmelin, Indian Ocean. 

fiammea Quoy, Moluccas. 

flammigera Reeve. 

fuscescens Pease, Hawaiian Islands. 

interlirata Reeve, Masbate, Philippine Islands. 

limbifera Lamarck. 

litterata Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

luctuosa A. Adams, Mauritius. 

obeliscus Reeve, Negros, Philippine Islands. 

paupercula Linnaeus, Philippine Islands. 

pecta Reeve. 

pica Reeve. 

pretiosa Reeve. 

punctostriata A. Adams, Ceylon. 

rufescens A. Adame, China Seas. 

schroeteri Dillwyn. 

texturata Lamarck. 

zephyrina Duclos, Mauritius. 

Modiola cylindrica Krauss, Natal. 

elegans Gmelin, West Africa. 

mucronata Philippi, Java. 

petagnae Scacchi, Malta. 

rhomboidea Hanley, The Gambia, West Africa; Tugela River, South Africa. 

Modiolaria cumingiana Dunker, Australia. 

marmorata Forbes, British. 

Monodonta australis Deshayes, New Holland. 

Monoptygma casta A. Adams, China Seas. 

Montacuta capensis Sowerby, South Africa. 

natalensis Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 

Mormula macandreae A. Adams, Gulf of Suez. 

rissoina A. Adams, Japan. 

Murex axicornis Lamarck, Moluccas. 

banksii Sowerby, Moluccas. 

brevispina Lamarck. 

capensis Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

concatenatns Lamarck, Isle of France. 

dunlceri Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

fallax Smith, Natal (10 miles from Durban). 

mitraeformis Sowerby. 

polygonus Gmelin, Indian Ocean.


ramosus Linnaeus, Jamaica. 

ricinus Linnaeus, Asia. 

septangularis Montagu, England. 

trapezium Linnaeus, Amboyna. 

trivialis A. Adams. 

tubercular is Montagu, England. 

tuberculatum Linnaeus. 

turbinellus Linnaeus, Asia. 

undatum Chemnitz, Tranquebar. 

wahlbergi Krauss, Natal. 

Mya suborbicularis Montagu, England. 

Mytilus afer Gmelin, Mediterranean. 

capensis Dunker, Cape of Good Hope. 

crenatus Lamarck, Caroline Islands. 

discors Linnaeus, Islands of Norway. 

South America. 

elongata Krauss, Natal ; 

magellanicus Chemnitz, Straits of Magellan. 

nicobaricus Chemnitz, Nicobar Islands. 

semistriata Krauss, Natal coast. 

Nassa algida Reeve, Moreton Bay, Australia. 

analogica Sowerby, Cape Infanta. 

bicallosa Smith, West Australia; Swan River; Cape Natal. 

circumtexta Martens, Plettenberg Bay; Francis Bay, South Africa. 

coccinea A. Adams Mss.? 

desmouliaides Sowerby, Umhloti River, mouth (Natal). 

elata Gould, Liberia. 

eusulcata Sowerby, Tugela River, mouth. 

fenestrata Marrat. 


filosa Gray, Philippine Islands. 

gaudiosa Hinds, Malacca. 

gemmulata Lamarck. 

incrassata Muller, Denmark. 

lentiginosa A. Adams, Masbate. 

margaritifera Dunker. 

myristica Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

natalensis Smith, Natal. 

plicatella A. Adams, Wallwich Bay, Africa. 

producta Sowerby, Durban. 

pulchella A. Adams, Cape of Good Hope. 

serotina A. Adams, Australia. 

spurca Gould, Simons Bay. 

sulcifera A. Adams, Algoa Bay. , 

trifasciata A. Adams, Vigo Bay. 

turbinea Gould, Liberia. 

Nassaria gracilis Sowerby, Tugela River, mouth. 

Natica areolata Recluz, Capul, Philippine Islands. 

burnupi Smith, Durban Bay. 

cancellata Lamarck, West Indies. 

didyma Bolten. 

genuanus Reeve, South Africa. 

kraussi Smith, Durban, Natal; Mauritius. 

lamarcki Reeve. 

lurida Philippi, Sicily.


Natica mamilla Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

marochiensis Gmelin, Africa; Morocco; Antilles. 

psila Watson, off Cape of Good Hope. 

pygmaea Philippi 

sagraiana Orbigny, Cuba. 

sebae Souleyet. 

simplex Sowerby, South Africa. 

taeniata Menke. 

zanzibarica Recluz, Zanzibar. 

Neaera capensis Smith, Cape of Good Hope. 

Nembrotha capensis Bergh, Kalk Bay. 

Neocardia angulata Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Nepluneopsis gilchristi Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

Nerita aterrima Gmelin, Philippine Islands. 

comma-notala Reeve, West Indies. 

exuvia Linnaeus, America; Asia. 

fasciata Krauss, Natal coast. 

listen Recluz, West Indies. 

melanosloma Gmelin, Indian Ocean. 

papilla Gmelin, Tranquebar. 

plexa Chemnitz, Tranquebar. 

plicata Linnaeus. 

polita Linnaeus, Asia. 

quadricolor Gmelin, Red Sea. 

sanguinolenta Menke, Philippine Islands; Mauritius. 

textilis Gmelin. 

umlaasiana Krauss, Knysna River. 

Neritina crepidularia Lamarck. 

natalensis Reeve, Natal. 

zebra Lamarck, Central America. 

Niso interrupta Sowerby, Central America. 

Nucula belcheri Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

bicuspidata Gould, Liberia. 

irregularis Sowerby, Struis Point. 

pulchra Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

radiata Forbes and Hanley, British. 

Nuculana compta Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

gemmulata Sowerby, mouths of Tugela and ITmhlote Rivers. 

lamellata Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

Nuculina oralis Smith, Cape of Good Hope. 

pretiosa Gould, Simons Bay. 

Obeliscus aciculatus A. Adams, Plulippine Islands. 

sulcatus A. Adams, Tahiti. 

teres A. Adams, Philippine Islands. 

Ocinebra natalensis Smith, Umkomaas and Port Shepstone. 

Octopus argus Krauss, Natal. 

vulgaris Lamarck, European seas. 

Odostomella robusta Sowerby, The Kowie. 

Odostomia angasi Tryon, Australia. 

Oliva bulbosa Marrat. 

chitonicola Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 

caerulea Bolten. 

capensis Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 17

246 BULLETIN" 91, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

Oliva dactyliola Duclos, Moluccas. 

elegans Lamarck, Ceylon. 

nana Lamarck, America. 

paxillus Reeve. 

picta Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

scitula Marrat. 

truncata Marrat, Cape of Good Hope. 

Ommatostrephes oualaniensis Lesson, Oualan Island (Caroline Islands). 

Onchidium burnupi Collinge, Umlaas Lagoon, Natal. 

Oncidium peroni Cuvier, Isle of France. 

Oniscia macandrewi Sowerby, Japan. 

Onithochiton alveolatum Rochebrune, Cape of Good Hope. 

isipingoensis Sykes, Isipingo, South Africa. 

Oscaniella nigropunctata Bergh, off Cape Infanta. 

Oscaniopsis pleurobrancheana Bergh, Tugela River. 

Ostrea cucullata Born, Ascension Island. 

echinata Quoy and Gaimard, Amboyna. 

lacerata Hanley, Senegal? 

lentiginosa Sowerby. 

parasitica Chemnitz, Cape of Good Hope or East Indies. 

prismatica Gray. 

pusio Linnaeus, Australia. 

rosacea Deshayes, Senegal. 

rufa Lamarck, America. 

senegalensis Gmelin, West Africa. 

tuberculata Lamarck, Timor Island. 

Ovula carnea Lamarck, Mediterranean and coasts of Barbary. 

Oxynoe pellucidus A. Adams. 

Palio (?) capensis Quoy and Gaimard, Cape of Good Hope. 

Paludina Jcnysnaensis Krauss, Knysna River and Zoctendals Valley. 

Pandora dissimilis Sowerby, Sea Point, Cape Town. 

similis Sowerby, Durban. 

Panopea natalensis Woodward, Port Natal. 

Paraplysia lowii Gilchrist. 

Parmophorus imbricatus Quoy, New Ireland. 

Patella albonotata Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 

chinensis Linnaeus, Mediterranean. 

concolor Krauss, Natal. 

decemcostata Smith, Algoa Bay. 

echinulata Krauss, Table Bay. 

exarata Nuttall, California. 

fasciata Krauss, Natal. 

graeca Linnaeus, Mediterranean. 

maculata Blainville, Cape of Good Hope. 

morbida Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 


nigroalba Blainville, Cape of Good Hope. 

obtecta Krauss, Table Bay. 

patriarcha Pilsbry, Cape of Good Hope. 

plicata Born, Strait of Magellan. 

radiata Krauss, Natal. 

rustica Linnaeus. 

safiana Lamarck, Morocco. 

sanguinans Reeve, Cape Natal.


Patella schroeteri Krauss, Shore of Elim and Saldanha Bay. 

tabularis Krauss, Table Bay. 

testudinaria Linnaeus. 

umbella Gmelin, Africa. 

Pecten capensis Gray, Cape of Good Hope; Port Elizabeth. 

limatula Reeve. 

squamosus Gmelin. 

tinctus Reeve. 

Pectunculus belcheri Adams and Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

bicolor Reeve, Gulf of California. 

castaneus Lamarck, American Seas. 

inaequalis Sowerby, Panama; Real Dejos. 

Pedicularia sicula Swainson. 

Peristernia fenestrata Gould, Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope. 

Perna anomioides Reeve, California. 

dentifera Krauss, Natal. 

vulsella Lamarck, Seas of India; America. 

Petaloconchus octosectus Carpenter. 

Petricola cordieri Deshayes, California. 

cultellus Deshayes, Ceylon. 

robusta Sowerby, Panama. 

typica Jonas, St. Thomas Island. 

ventricosa Krauss, Natal. 

Phasianella kraussi Smith, Kalk Bay; False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. 

Philine berghi Smith. 

tenuis Philippi, Sicily. 

Pholas branchiata Gould, Liberia. 

dactylus Linnaeus, Europe. 

falcata Reeve, Hudson Bay. 

fragilis Sowerby, Samar, Philippine Islands. 

Phorus corrugatus Reeve. 

Phos laevigatus A. Adams, China. 

roseatus Hinds, Sumatra. 

Photina nigra A. Adams. 

Physopsis africana Krauss, Port Natal. 

Pileopsis pilosus Deshayes. 

Pinaxia coronata A. Adams, Philippine Islands. 

Pinna aequilatera Martens. 

madida Reeve, Port Essington, New Holland. 


pernula Chemnitz, St. Croix (West Indies). 

saccata Linnaeus, Mediterranean; East Indies? 

serra Reeve, Moreton Bay. 

squamosissima Philippi, South Carolina. 

vexillum Born. 

Pisania crenilabrum A. Adams, West Indies. 

tritonoides Reeve, Ticao, Philippine Islands. 

Planaxis acuta Krauss, Natal. 

sulcatus Quoy and Gaimard, Amboyna and Mauritius. 

Plaxiphora parva Nierstrasz, Mozambique. 

sctigera King, Cape Horn. 

Pleurobranchaea melanopus Bergh, off Cape Point. 

Pleurobranchus capensis Vayssiere, Cape of Good Hope. 

granulatus Krauss, False Bay, Cape of Good Hope.


Pleurophyllidia capensis Bergh, East London. 

euchroa Bergh, off Cape Hong Klip and Buffalo Bay. 

gilchristi Bergh, Sebastian Bluff, Cape St. Blaize, Cape Point. 

microdonta Bergh, off Constable Hill. 

natalensis Bergh, Cape of Good Hope. 

Pleurotoma anteridion Watson, off Cape of Good Hope. 

balaeformis Sowerby, Vasco da Gama Peak. 

bijubata Reeve, Burias, Philippine Islands. 

burnupi Sowerby, Durban. 

capensis Smith, Port Elizabeth. 

castanea Reeve. 

cingulifera Lamarck. 

fossata Sowerby, Cape Vidal, Natal. 

fucata Reeve. 

fulgurans Krauss, Knysna. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Tugela River, Cape of Good Hope. 

gravis Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

inclinata Sowerby, Mauritius. 

kraussii Smith, Cape of Good Hope. 

lignaria Sowerby, Lion's Head, Cape of Good Hope. 

lobata Sowerby, Cape Natal and Buffalo River. 

marmorata Lamarck. 

monili/era Pease, Hawaiian Islands. 

nux Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

rubinicolor Reeve. 

scitecostata Sowerby, Glendower Beacon (near Port Alfred). 

sigillata Reeve. 

stolida Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

tigrina Lamarck. 

tripartita Smith, South Africa. 

tumida Sowerby, Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

turriplana Sowerby, Cape St. Blaize. 

vertebrata Smith, Persian Gulf. 

wilkiae Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

Plicatula australis Lamarck, Seas of New Holland; Island of Fourneau. 

Polypus capensis Eydoux and Souleyet, Cape of Good Hope. 

horridus Orbigny, Red Sea. 

rugosus Bosc, Senegal. 

Poromya curta Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

gilchristi Sowerby, Umtualumi River, mouth. 

granosissima Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

striata Sowerby, Vasco da Gama Peak (False Bay). 

Poronia australis Sowerby, Baie Bois6e (Nouvelle Caledonie). 

Psammobia corrugata Deshayes, Cebu, Philippine Islands. 

figlina Gould, Liberia. 

ornata Deshayes, Ticao, Philippine Islands. 

pallida Deshayes, Red Sea. 

Psammotaea donacioides Reeve, Port Adelaide, Australia. 

lunulata Deshayes, Philippine Islands. 

Pseudoliva ancilla Hanley, Caffraria. 

Pseudomurex meyendorffi, Calcara. 

Puncturella fastigiata A. Adams, Eastern Seas. 

noachina Linnaeus.

Purpura anaxares Duclos. 


arachnoides Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

bufo Lamarck, Seas of India ? 

cancellatum Quoy and Gaimard, Tonga Labu. 

cingulata Linnaeus, Iceland. 

clathrata Blainville, Cape of Good Hope. 

dubia Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

elata Blainville, New Holland. 

fiscellum Lamarck, China Seas. 

granulata Duclos, New Holland. 

heptagonalis Reeve, Panama. 

lapillus Lamarck, Seas of Europe. 

luteostoma Deshayes. 

mancinella Lamarck, East Indian Seas. 

marginatrum Blainville, New Hebrides. 

ovalis Blainville, Cape of Good Hope. 

persica Lamarck, Oceans of India. 

pura Smith, Umkomaas. 

rudolphi Lamarck, Oceans of India. 

scobina Quoy, New Zealand. 

succincta Lamarck, Seas of New Zealand. 

trigona Reeve, China and Malacca. 

vezillum Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

wahlbergi Krauss, Natal. 

zeyheri Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

Pyramidella mitralis A. Adams, Philippine Islands. 

Pyrazus palustris Bruguiere, East Indies; Australia. 

Pyrula ficoides Lamarck. 

lineata Lamarck. 

paradisiaca Reeve, Ceylon; Mozambique. 

Radius gracillimus Smith, near Durban. 

Raeta pellicula Deshayes, Japan. 

Ranella affinis Broderip, Annoa Island. Pacific Ocean. 

anceps Lamarck. 

crumena Lamarck, India ? 

granifera Lamarck. 

lamellosa Dunker, Japan. 

leucostoma Lamarck, New Holland. 

livida Reeve, Annoa Island, Pacific Ocean. 

pusilla Broderip, Pacific Ocean (Lord Hoods Island). 

semigranosa Lamarck. 

siphonata Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

Rapana nodosa A. Adams, Philippine Islands. 

Ricinula aspera Lamarck. 

morus Lamarck, Isle of France. 

muticus Lamarck. 

Rissoa adjacens Smith, 4 miles south of Port Elizabeth. 

crawfordi Smith, Algoa Bay. 

elegantula Angas, Aldinga Bay. 

farquhari Smith, 4 miles south of Port Elizabeth. 

nigra Krauss, Algoa and Table Bays. 

Rissoina ambigua Gould, Clermont, Tonnere Island. 

annulata Dunker, Japan. 

crassa Angas, Port Jackson.


Rissoina durbanensis Smith, Durban. 


Ruma simiae Chemnitz, East Indies; Philippine Islands. 

Saxicava arctica Gmelin. 

australis Lamarck, Kangaroo Island. 

flaceida Gould, Hong Kong and Simons Bay. 

Scala aculeata Sowerby, Philippine Islands, China, etc. 

bullata Sowerby, Capul Island, Philippine Islands. 

eborea Smith, Port Shepstone; Durban. 

millecostata Pease, Hawaiian Islands. 

robillardi Sowerby, Mauritius. 

Scalaria clathratula Montagu, England. 

clathras Sowerby, Mediterranean Sea; West Indies. 

coronata Lamarck. 

fragilis Hanley, West Indies. 

fucata Pease, Hawaiian Islands. 

juhesiana Forbes, Australia. 

lactea Krauss, Natal. 

pseudo-scalaris Brocchi. 

replicata Sowerby, Lord Hoods Island. 

simplex Sowerby, Natal. 

Scintilla compta Sowerby, Durban. 

durbanensis Sowerby, Durban. 

elongate, Sowerby, Durban. 

quelcetti Sowerby, Durban. 

turgida Deshayes, Samar, Philippine Islands. 

Scutum imbricatum Quoy and Gaimard, New Holland. 

unguis Linnaeus, Amboyna. 

Semele cordi/ormis Reeve, Indian Ocean. 

Separatista grayi A. Adams, Cape of Good Hope. 

Sepia australis Quoy and Gaimard, Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

burnupi Hoyle, Natal. 

capensis Orbigny, Cape of Good Hope. 

hierredda Rang, Goree (Africa). 

jousseaumei Roche brune, Cape of Good Hope. 

papillata Quoy and Gaimard, Cape of Good Hope. 

vermiculata Quoy and Gaimard, Cape of Good Hope. 

Sepioteuthis major Gray. 

Sigaretus delesserti Recluz, Philippine Islands. 

. 

planulatus Recluz, Luzon, Philippine Islands; Australia. 

Siliqua japonica Dunker, Japan 

polita Wood. 

Siliquaria obtusa Schumacher, Mediterranean Sea. 

Siphonaria albofasciata Krauss, Natal Point. 

cyaneomaculata Sowerby, The Kowie. 


nigerrima H. Adams, Umhloti River, Natal. 

tenuicostulata Smith, Umhloti River, Natal. 

variabilis Krauss, Table Bay; off shore of Natal. 

Sistrum affine Pease, Kingsmill Islands. 

coronatumB.. Adams, Barkly Island; Mauritius. 

elongatum Blainville. 

lividum Reeve, Negros, Philippine Islands. 

parvulum Gould, Simons Bay, Cape of Good Hope.


Sistrum squamiliratum Smith, Isipingo. 

squamosum Pease, Kingsmill Islands. 

Solariella beckeri Sowerby, The Kowie. 

infundibulum Watson, Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

persculpta Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

sculpta Sowerby, Durban. 

splendens Sowerby, Natal. 

undata Sowerby, Agulhas Bank, South Africa. 

Solarium caelatum Hinds, cancellatum Krauss, Algoa Bay. 

cingulum Kiener, Indian Ocean. 

cylindraceum Dillwyn, West Indies. 

dorsuosum Hinds, Philippine Islands. 

laevigatum Lamarck. 

maximum Philippi. 

trochoides Deshayes, Philippine Islands. 

variegatum Gmelin. 

Solen corneus Lamarck, Java. 

gouldi Conrad, America? 

legumen Linnaeus, Mediterranean Sea. 

marginatus Koch, Africa. 

regularis Dunker, Malacca. 

rosea Gmelin, Red Sea. 

sloanei Gray. 

vespertina Gmelin, Atlantic Ocean; Mediterranean Sea. 

Solenomya togata Poli. 

Solidula tessellata Peeve, Red Sea. 

Sphenia decurtata A. Adams, Luzon; Catanuan, Tayabas Province, Philippine Islands. 

mindorensis Adams and Reeve, Mindoro. 


philippinarum A. Adams, Sibuanga, Zebu; Manila Bay, Luzon. 

Spiroglyphus spirorbis Sowerby. 

Spirula solandri Gray. 

Spondylus ducalis Chemnitz, East Indies. 

nicobaricus Chemnitz, Nicobar Islands. 

Staurodoris verrucosa Bergh, St. James. 

Stomatella articulata A. Adams, Australia; Lord Hoods Island; South Seas. 

cancellata Krauss, Table Bay. 

sulcifera Lamarck, Seas of New Holland. 

Strigilla trotteriana Sowerby, Durban. 

Strombus floridus Lamarck, Indian Ocean; Moluccas. 

fusiformis Sowerby. 

gibberulus Linnaeus, Asia. 

lamarckii Gray, East Indies. 

lentiginosus Linnaeus, Asia. 

mauritianus Lamarck, Mauritius. 

Sunetta contempta Smith. 

Tapes cumingii Sowerby, Philippine Islands. 

dactyloides Sowerby, Luzon. 

deshayesii Hanley, Philippine Islands. 

kochi Philippi. 

kraussii Deshayes, Port Natal. 

pullastra Montagu, Devonshire. 

textrix Chemnitz, Malabar.


Teinostoma lucidum A. Adams, Japan. 

Tellimya paula A. Adams, Torres Strait, Australia. 

peculiar is A. Adams, Ceylon. 

similis Smith, Port Alfred. 

Tellina africana Sowerby, Algoa Bay. 

analogica Sowerby, Constable Hill, Saldanha Bay. 

calcarea Chemnitz, Ferro Islands. 

candidata Sowerby, Durban. 

capsoides Lamarck, Negros, Philippine Islands; St. Pierre and St. Francis. 

craivfordi Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

cumana Hanley, Mediterranean. 

dispar Conrad, Philippine Islands; Hawaiian Islands. 

exculta Gould, Fiji Islands. 

fabula Gmelin, Norwegian Seas; Mediterranean; Atlantic. 

gilchristi Sowerby, off Cape Point Lighthouse. 

inclinata Sowerby, Tugela River, mouth. 

levior Sowerby, Amatikulu River, South Head, Tugela River. 

litoralis Krauss, Natal; Cape of Good Hope. 

ludioigii Krauss, Natal. 

nobilis Hanley, Luzon. 

ordinaria Sowerby, Saldanha Bay. 

perna Spengler, Indian Ocean. 

pharaonis Hanley, Red Sea. 

pianissimo. Anton. 

prismatica Sowerby, Durban. 

pristis Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

queketti Sowerby, Durban. 

rastellum Hanley, Zanzibar. 

rhomboides Quoy and Gaimard. 

rosea Spengler, Indian Ocean. 

rotundata Montagu, Devonshire. 

rousi Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

semen Hanley, Corregidor, Philippine Islands. 

semilaevis Martens, Red Sea. 

tenuis Da Costa, England. 

umbonella Lamarck, King Island, New Holland. 

venusta Deshayes, Sandwich Islands. 

virgata Linnaeus, Indian Ocean. 

virgulata Hanley. 

vulsella Chemnitz, East Indies. 

Terebra affinis Gray. 

apicina ? Deshayes, Singapore. 

archimedes Deshayes. 

babylonia Lamarck. 

casta Hinds, Iloilo, Panay, Philippine Islands. 

cingulifera, Lamarck. 

cuspidata Hinds, Cape coast, Africa. 

dimidiata Lamarck, Indian Ocean; Moluccas. 

evoluta Deshayes, Japan. 

fictilis Hinds, Australia. 


geminata Deshayes, Cape Natal. 

grayi Smith. 

lightfooti Smith, Table Bay.

Terebra laevigata Gray. 


livida Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

loisae Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 

longiscata Deshayes, Philippine Islands. 

macandreioii Smith, Persian Gulf. 

monilis Quoy and Gaimard, Mariana and Caroline Islands. 

natalensis Smith, Umkomaas, Natal. 

nebulosa Sowerby. 

pertusa Born. 

raphanula Lamarck. 

rufopunctata Smith. 

straminea Gray. 

subulata Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

textilis Hinds, Bay of Manila, Philippine Islands; Strait of Macassar. 

thyrsaea Melvill, Karachi; Mekran coast. 

tiarella Deshayes, Cape Natal. 

Tethys burnupi Burne, Durban. 

elongata Pease, Hawaiian Islands. 

nigrocincta Martens. 

operta Burne. 

Thordisa punctulifera Bergh, False Bay. 

Thracia capensis Sowerby, South Africa. 

Thylacodes natalensis Morch, Natal. 

Tichogonia kraussii Kuster, Natal. 

Tivela natalensis Dunker, Natal. 

rejecta Smith, South Africa. 

Tornatella suturalis A. Adams, Japan; Puerto Galero; Mindoro. 

Tornatina meridionalis Smith, Natal. 

Tridacna elongata? Philippine Islands. 

Tnphora burnupi Smith, Durban. 

carteretensis Hinds, Port Carteret, New Ireland. 

cingulatus A. Adams, Red Sea. 

corrugatus Hinds, New Guinea; Straits of Malacca. 

Triopa lucida Stimpson, Simons Bay; Cape of Good Hope. 

Triton acuminata Reeve, China. 

aegrota Reeve, China. 

africana A. Adams, Africa? 

anus Lamarck, Indian Ocean. 

aquatilis Reeve, Ticao, Philippine Islands. 

australe Lamarck, near Botany Bay, New Holland. 

bractaetus Hinds, Marquesas; New Ireland; Straits of Malacca. 

chlorostoma Lamarck, Antilles. 

cutaceus Linnaeus. 

cynocephaluni Lamarck. 

. 

elongatum Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

encausticum, Reeve, Ticao, Philippine Islands. 

exaratus Reeve, New Holland. 

fictilis Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

gallinago Reeve, Mindanao, Philippine Islands. 

gemmatus Reeve, Ticao, Philippine Islands. 

labiosus Wood 

lampas Lamarck, Seas of India. 

monilifer Adams and Reeve, Eastern Seas. 

nitidulus Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

nodiferus Lamarck, Atlantic Ocean; Mediterranean Sea.


Triton pileare Lamarck, Antilles. 

pyrum Reeve, Ticao, Philippine Islands. 

rubecula Lamarck, Equatorial? 

sauliae Reeve, Luzon, Philippine Islands. 

tuberosus Lamarck, Indian Ocean? 

vespaceum Lamarck. 

Tritonia indecora, Bergh off Cape Point. 

pallida Smith, False Bay, Cape of Good Hope. 

Tritonidea minor Sowerby, Cape of Good Hope. 


subrubiginosa Smith, Japan. 

Tritonidoxa capensis Bergh, off Glendower Beacon. 

Tritonium pustulatum Euthyme, Cape of Good Hope. 

Trivia insecta Mighels, Sandwich Islands. 

oryza Lamarck, Asia; Timor; Senegal. 

Trochita solida Reeve, Conchagua, Central America. 

Trochus bicingulatum Lamarck, Seas of Martinique. 

depress us Gmelin, Australia. 

dolabratus Linnaeus. 

hanleyanus Reeve. 

hybridns Linnaeus, Mediterranean. 

impervius Menke, West coast Australia; Cape of Good Hope. 

indecorus Philippi. 

hraussi Philippi. 

labio Linnaeus, Asia; Africa. 

laevissima Martens, South Africa. 

ludwigi Rrauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

nigropunctatus Reeve, Natal. 

obscurus Wood. 

ornatus Lamarck. 

perversus Linnaeus, Mediterranean. 

puniceus Philippi, New Zealand. 

roseus Gmelin, Cape of Good Hope. 

scaber Linnaeus. 

tamsii Dunker, Cape of Good Hope; Guinea 

textilis Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

troschelii Philippi, South Africa. 

variegatus Anton. 

vermiculata Fischer. 

virgatus Gmelin, India. 

zeyheri Krauss, Cape of Good Hope. 

Trophon carduus Broderip, Pascomayo, Peru. 

Turbinella incarnata Reeve, Philippine Islands. 

nassatula Lamarck. 

Turbo chrysostomus Linnaeus, Asia. 

clathrus Linnaeus, Europe; America. 

henicus Watson, Matuku; Fiji Islands. 

intercostalis Menke, Indian Ocean. 

lactea Linnaeus, Mediterranean. 

minutus Sowerby, South Africa 

pillula Dunker, Japan. 

ponsonbyi Sowerby, Durban. 

sanguineus Linnaeus, Algeria. 

splendidulus Sowerby. 

tricarinulatus Euthyme, Saint Elizabeth and Cape of Good Hope.


Turbonilla argentea Sowerby, Port Elizabeth. 

bifasciata A. Adams, Australia; Japan. 

Candida A. Adams, Japan. 

disculus Velain, St. Paul Island, Indian Ocean. 

fusca A. Adams, Port Lincoln. 

hofmani Angas, Australia? 

rufa Philippi, British? 

scalaris Philippi, British? 

similans Smith, South Africa. 

Turritella bacillum Kiener, seas of India and China. 

declivis Adams and Reeve, China Sea. 

excavata Sowerby, Agulhas Bank. 

natalensis Smith, Bluff, Durban; Isezela. 

Typhis arcuatus Hinds, Cape of Good Hope. 

Umbrella indica Lamarck, Indian Ocean; Isle of France. 

Urosalpinx ? contractu Reeve, Samar. 

Vanikoro deshayesiana Recluz, Philippine Islands. 

gueriniana Recluz, Philippine Islands. 

ligata Recluz, Luzon. 

Venerupis lajonkairi Payer., Corsica. 

rugosa Reeve, Swan River, South Africa. 

Venus abbreviata Rrauss, Natal Bay. 

africana Muhlfeld., Cape of Good Hope. 

corrugatus Gmelin, Mediterranean. 

declivis Sowerby, Eastern Seas. 

geographica Gmelin, Mediterranean. 

intersculpta Sowerby, Algoa Bay. 

latilirata Sowerby, Durban. 

layardi Reeve, Ceylon. 

listeri Gray, East Indies. 

malonei Vanatta, Sonth Africa. 

obsoleta Chemnitz, Mediterranean. 

paupercula Chemnitz, Coromandel Coast. 

pectinata Linnaeus, India. 

sulcaria Lamarck, Moluccas; Indo-Pacific? 

Vermetus conicus Dillwyn, West Indies. 

nebulosus Dillwyn, West Indies. 

tricuspe Morch, Australia. 

Voluta abyssicola Adams and Reeve, Cape of Good Hope. 

armata Lamarck, Cape of Good Hope. 

/estiva Lamarck, Central America. 

flammeus Gmelin. 

ispidula Linnaeus. 

micans Dillwyn, Moluccas; Philippine Islands; Isle of France. 

mitraeformis Lamarck, Java; New Holland. 

ponsonbyi Smith, Natal. 

queketti Smith, Natal. 

scapha Gmelin, Cape of Good Hope. 

turrita Gmelin. 

ziczac Muhlfeld, South Seas. 

Volutilithes gilchristi Sowerby, Cape Natal. 

Volutomitra cinnamomea A. Adams, Natal. 

Ziziphinus euglyptus A. Adams, Van Diemens Land. 

multiliratum Sowerby. 

Zofra mitriformis A. Adams, Mino-Sima.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 

Plate 1. 

Fig. 1. Marginella puella Gould, type, length 10 mm., p. 38. 

2. Marginella alfredensis, new species, type, length 2.5 mm., p. 41. 

3. Marginella turtoni, new species, type, length, 8.5 mm., p. 39. 

4. Ringicula turtoni, new species, type, length 4.7 mm., p. 77. 

5. Haminea alfredensis, new species, type, length 12.4 mm, p. 6. 

6. Marginella cleo, new species, type, length 6.8 mm., p. 39. 

7. Marginella neglecta Sowerby, length 4.1 mm., p. 39. 

8. Cylichna africana, new species, type, length 3.4 mm., p. 5. 

9. Acteocina smithi, new species, cotype, length 4.5 mm., p. 4. 

10. Conus lavendulus, new species, type, length 36.1 mm., p. 12. 

11. Marginella eucosmia, new species, type, length 12.5 mm., p. 37. 

12. Conus alfredensis, new species, cotype, length 45 mm., p. 13. 

Plate 2. 

Fig. 1. Mangilia dina, new species, type, length 6 mm., p. 23. 

2. Clionella turtoni, new species, type, length 26.5 mm., p. 17. 

3. Clavatula haliplex, new species, type, length 29.5 mm., p. 19. 

4. Drillia lara, new species, type, length 13.6 mm., p. 22. 

5. Clavatula halistrepta,. new species, type, length 33.5 mm., p. 19. 

6. Mangilia humerosa, new species, type, length 6.6 mm., p. 30. 

7. Mangilia eucosmia, new species, type, length 12.4 mm., p. 28. 

8. Clionella nereia, new species, type, length 14 mm., p. 16. 

9. Drillia halidoma, new species, type, length 18.6 mm., p. 23. 

10. Mangilia amplexa Gould, type, length 8 mm., p. 30. 

Plate 3. 

Fig. 1. Cythara ima new species, type, length 8.1 mm., p. 31. 

2. Bullia alfredensis, new species, type, length 27 mm., p. 54. 

3. Donovania stimpsoni, new species, type, length 5.4 mm., p. 33. 

4. Mangilia nympha, new species, type, length 3.9 mm., p. 29. 

5. Cylichna tubulosa Gould, type, length 8 mm., p. 5. 

6. Euthria turtoni, new species, type, length 25 mm., p. 50. 

7. Cominella alfredensis, new species, type, length 29.2 mm., p. 48. 

8. Mangilia arata, new species, type, length 6.7 mm., p. 27. 

Plate 4. 

Fig. 1. Clionella elizabethae, new species, type, length 13 mm., p. 16. 

2. Cancellaria dalli, new species, type, length 18 mm., p. 33. 

3. Fasciolaria alfredensis, new species, type, length 133 mm., p. 46. 

3a. Fasciolaria alfredensis, new species, (detail of sculpture of the spire), p. 46. 

36. Fasciolaria alfredensis, new species, (detail of sculpture of base), p. 46. 

4. Nyctilochus alfredensis, new species, type, length 60.5 mm., p. 94. 

5. Colubraria alfredensis, new species, type, length 33.5 mm., p. 50. 

6. Cominella porcata multilirata, new subspecies, type, length 47.5 mm., p. 47. 

257


Plate 5. 

Fig. 1. Rissoina calia, new species, type, length 6.7 mm., p. 130. 

2. Alvania ima, new species, type, length 2.3 mm., p. 129. 

3. Alvanianemo, new species, type, length 1.8 mm., p. 127. 

4. Triphoris capensis, new species, type, length 5.1 mm., p. 105. 

5. Alvania farquhari Smith, p. 128. 

6. Seila alfredensis, new species, cotype, length 10 mm., p. 113. 

7. Alabina alfredensis, new species, type, length 3.2 mm., p. 121. 

8. Turritella stimpsoni, new species, type, length 20.5 mm., p. 118. 

9. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) alfredensis, new species, type, length 5 mm., p. 109. 

10. Rissoina (Phosinella) pura Gould, type, length 5.8 mm., p. 131. 

11. Triphoris africana, new species, type, length 5. mm., p. 103. 

Plate 6. 

Fig. 1. Diala africana, new species, type, length 4.8 mm., p. 122. 

2. Dixda almo, new species, type, length 2mm., p. 123. 

3. Microsetia helga, new species, type, length 2.7 mm., p. 133. 

4. Microsetia gisna, new species, type, length 2 mm., p. 132. 

5. Amphithalamus turtoni, new species, type, length 1 mm., p. 126. 

6. Sabanaea thalia, new species, type, length 1.7 mm., p. 126. 

7. Sabanaea pyrrha, new species, type, length 1.3 mm., p. 125. 

8. Microsetia halia, new species, type, length 2.1 mm., p. 132. 

9. Assiminea capensis, new species, type, length 6 mm., p. 135. 

10. Diala capensis, new species, type, length 2.5 mm., p. 123. 

Plate 7. 

Fig. 1. Mangilia nisga, new species, type, length 3.1 mm., p. 25. 

2. Mangilia helga, new species, type, length 3 mm., p. 26. 

3. Mangilia gisna, new species, type, length 3.1 mm., p. 24. 

4. Drillia signa, new species, type, length 14 mm., p. 21. 

5. Mangilia benjamini, new species, type, length 15.3 mm., p. 26. 

6. Mangilia amplexa Gould, type, length 8 mm., p. 30. 

7. Mangilia herilda, new species, type, length 7.4 mm., p. 28. 

8. Clionella sybarilica, new species, type, length 20.5 mm., p. 15. 

Plate 8. 

Fig. 1. Eugyrina gemnifera lepta, new subspecies (front), type, length 84.2 mm., p. 93. 

2. Clavatula helena, new species, type, length 28 mm., p. 20. 

3. Daphnella alfredensis, new species, type, length 9.6 mm., p. 32. 

4. Eugyrina gemnifera lepta, new subspecies (back), type, length 84.2 mm., p. 93. 

Plate 9. 

Fig. 1. Eugyrina gemnifera Euthyme, length 91 mm. (front), p. 93. 

2. Epitonium africanum, new species, type, length 31 mm., p. 62. 

3. Turbonilla (Pyrgolampros) angea, new species, type, length 5 mm., p. 77. 

4. Eugyrina gemnifera Euthyme, length 91 mm. (back), p. 93. 

Plate 10. 

Fig. 1. Amphiperas smithi, new species, type, length 19.5 mm. (front), p. 96. 

2. Phasianella africana, new species, type, length 3.5 mm., p. 145. 

3. Amphiperas smithi, new species, type, length 19.5 mm. (back), p. 96. 

4. Marginella alfredensis, new species, type, length 2.5 mm., p. 41.


Fig. 5. Barleeia smithi, new species, type, length 1.5 mm., p. 134. 

6. Triphoris ima, new species, type, length 9.5 mm., p. 108. 

7. Triphoris smithi, new species, adult cotype, length 13 mm., p. 100. 

8. Triphoris smithi, new species (tip), cotype, p. 100. 

Plate 11. 

Fig. 1. Triphoris elsa, new species, type, length 9.5 mm., p. 101. 

2. Triphoris helena, new species, young cotype, length 5.1 mm., p. 99. 

3. Triphoris milda, new species, type, length 9.6 mm., p. 102. 

4. Triphoris oreada, new species, type, length 8.8 mm., p. 104. 

5. Triphoris helena, new species, adult cotype, length 8.6 mm., p. 99. 

6. Triphoris atea, new species, type, length 12 mm., p. 98. 

7. Triphoris sabita, new species, type, length 3 mm., p. 106. 

8. Triphoris nina, new species, type, length 5 mm., p. 108. 

Plate 12. 

Fig. 1. Alabina africana, new species, type, length 2 mm., p. 121. 

2. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) nina, new species, type, length 1.9 mm., p. 111. 

3. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) nisaba, new species, type, length 3.4 mm., p. 112. 

4. Eumeta bia, new species, type, length 2.7 mm., p. 116. 

5. Triphoris madria, new species, type, length 6.5 mm., p. 105. 

6. Cerithiopsis erna, new species, type, length 4.5 mm., p. 110. 

7. Seila smithi, new species, type, length 3.2 mm., p. 115. 

8. Cerithiopsis (Cerithiopsis) saba, new species, type, length 3.8 mm., p. 112. 

Plate 13. 

Fig. 1. Natica saldontiana, new species, type, length 14.2 mm. (top), p. 140. 

2. Natica saldontiana, new species (profile), p. 140. 

3. Natica saldontiana, new species (bottom), p. 140. 

4. Natica alfredensis, new species, type, length 17 mm. (top), p. 138. 

5. Natica stimpsoni, new species, type, length 3S.5 mm. (top), p. 137. 

6. Natica nemo, new species, type, length 14.2 mm. (top), p. 139. 

7. Natica alfredensis, new species (profile), p. 138. 

8. Natica stimpsoni, new species (profile), p. 137. 

9. Natica nemo, new species (profile), p. 139. 

10. Natica alfredensis, new species (bottom), p. 138. 

11. Natica stimpsoni, new species (bottom), p. 137. 

12. Natica nemo, new species (bottom), p. 139. 

13. Natica africana, new species, type, length 11.3 mm. (top), p. 138. 

14. Natica africana, new species (profile), p. 138. 

15. Natica africana, new species (bottom), p. 138. 

Plate 14. 

Fig. 1. Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) helena, new species, type, length 3.9 mm., p. 77. 

2. Pyramidella (Orinella) africana, new species, type, length 6.1 mm. p. 71. 

3. Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) maia, new species, type, length 7.1 mm., p. 80. 

4. Pyramidella (Orinella) africana, new species (tip), p. 71. 

5. Pyramidella (Orinella) alfredensis, new species (tip), p. 71. 

6. Pyramidella (Syrnola) tarpeia, new species, type, length 3.7 mm., p. 74. 

7. Pyramidella (Orinella) alfredensis, new species, type, length 9 mm., p. 71. 

8. Pyramidella (Syrnola) pyrrha, new species, type, length 5.8 mm., p. 73. 

9. Pyramidella (Syrnola) aganea, new name, type, length 7.5 mm., p. 73.


Plate 15. 

Fig. 1. Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) atossa, new species, type, length 4.4 mm., p. 78. 

2. Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) tefunta, new species, type, length 4.6 mm., p. 80. 

3. Pyramidella (Orinella) ima, new species, type, length 7.5 mm., p. 72. 

4. Pyramidella (Actaeopyramis) noma, new species, type, length 5.9 mm., p. 72. 

5. Turbonilla (Pselliogyra) adaba, new species, type, length 5 mm., p. 75. 

6. Pyramidella (Syrnola) hera, new species, type, length 4 mm., p. 74. 

Plate 16. 

Fig. 1. Odostomia (Menestho) ficara, new species, type, length 3.3 mm., p. 88. 

2. Turbonilla (Ptycheulimella) erna, new species, type, length 3 mm., p. 75. 

3. Odostomia (Evalea) acrifa, new species, type, length 3.4 mm., p. 91. 

4. Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) apsa, new species, type, length 4.9 mm., p. 81. 

5. Turbonilla (Mormula) cifara, new species, type, length 15 mm., p. 84. 

6. Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) zenobia, new species, type, length 4 mm., p. 79. 

Plate 17. 

Fig. 1. Turbonilla (Cingulina) trachealis Gould, type, length 5.7 mm., p. 82. 

2. Turbonilla (Cingulina) callista, new species, type, length 4.2 mm., p. 83. 

3. Turbonilla (Cingulina) aglaia, new species, type, length 5.3 mm., p. 83. 

4. Epitonium aglaia, new species, type, length 12 mm., p. 63. 

5. Acrilla thalia, new species, type, length 33 mm., (tip) p. 64. 

6. Seila africana, new species, type, length 7.6 mm., p. 114. 

7. Turbonilla (Strioturbonilla) secura, new name, type, length 11.1 mm., p. 76. 

8. Acrilla thalia, new species, type, length 33 mm., p. 64. 

Plate 18. 

Fig. 1. Odostomia (Odostomia) icafra, new species, type, length 2.4 mm., p. 92. 

2. Odostomia (Odostomia) irafca, new species, type, length 1.5 mm., p. 91. 

3. Odostomia (Menestho) rifaca, new species, type, length 1.9 mm., p. 88. 

4. Odostomia (Odostomella) farica, new species, type, length 1.5 mm., p. 85. 

5. Odostomia (Menestho) carifa, new species, type, length, 1.5 mm., p. 87. 

6. Niso alfredensis, new species, type, length 11 mm., p. 70. 

7. Odostomia (Pyrgulina) arfica, new species, type, length 4 mm., p. 86. 

8. Odostomia (Evalea) ci/ara, new species, type, length 3.8 mm., p. 90. 

Plate 19. 

Fig. 1. Odostomia (Evalea) gea, new species, type, length 2.6 mm., p. 90. 

2. Melanella iota, new species, type, length 1.5 mm., p. 67. 

3. Odostomia (Egilina) turtoni, new species, type, length 2 mm., p. 86. 

4. Turbonilla (Pyrgiscus) tritonia, new species, type, length 2 mm., p. 79. 

5. Melanella alfredensis, new species, type, length 4 mm., p. 66. 

6. Subeulima magnified, new species, type, length 5 mm., p. 70. 

7. Odostomia (Evalea) aethra, new species, type, length 3 mm., p. 89. 

8. Odostomia (Miralda) agana, new species, type, length 2.4 mm., p. 87. 

9. Melanella thalia, new species, type, length 3.2 mm., p. 68. 

Plate 20. 

Fig. 1. Melanella farica, new species, type, length 3 mm., p. 67. 

2. Rissoina eucosmia, new species, type, length 2.8 mm., p. 131. 

3. Melanella icafra, new species, type, length 2.2 mm., p. 66. 

4. Turbonilla (Careliopsis) carifa, new species, type, length 2.1 mm., p. 84.


Fig. 5. Melanella cifara, new species, type, length 2.1 mm., p. 69. 

6. Melanella irafca, new species, type, length 5.5 mm., p. 69. 

7. Melanella carifa, new species, type, length 4.1 mm., p. 65. 

8. Melanella acrifa, new species, type, length 9.2 mm., p. 68. 

Plate 21. 

Fig. 1. Marginella almo, new species, type, length 5.4 mm., p. 41. 

2. Marginella cosmia, new species, type, length 11.7 mm., p. 37. 

3. Marginella lepta, new species, type, length 5.1 mm., p. 40. 

4. Mitra ima, new species, type, length 9 mm., p. 44. 

5. Cythna africana, new species, type, length 0.7 mm., p. 120. 

6. Amphithalamus africanus, new species, type, length 1.2 mm., p. 127. 

7. Alvania almo, new species, type, length 2.1 mm., p. 128. 

8. Alvania alfredensis, new species, type, length 1.5 mm., p. 128. 

9. Microsetia irma, new species, type, length 1.6 mm., p. 133. 

Plate 22 

Fig. 1. Leptothyra africana, new species, type, greater diameter 7.2 mm. (top), p. 147. 

2. Leptothyra africana, new species (profile), p. 147. 

3. Leptothyra africana, new species (bottom), p. 147. 

4. Leptothyra spuria Gould (top), cotype, greater diameter 6.5 mm., p. 146. 

5. Leptothyra spuria Gould (profile), p. 146. 

6. Leptothyra spuria Gould (bottom), p. 146. 

Plate 23. 

Fig. 1. Gibbula loculosa Gould (top), cotype, greater diameter 8.5 mm., p. 153. 

2. Gibbula loculosa Gould (bottom), p. 153. 

3. Gibbula loculosa Gould (profile), p. 153. 

4. Leptothyra quantilla Gould, type, greater diameter 2.8 mm. (top), p. 148. 

5. Leptothyra quantilla Gould (profile), p. 148. 

6. Leptothyra quantilla Gould (bottom), p. 148. 

7. Leptothyra carminea, new species, type, greater diameter 3.3 mm. (top), p. 148. 

8. Leptothyra carminea, new species (profile), p. 148. 

9. Leptothyra carminea, new species (bottom), p. 148. 

10. Clanculus alfredensis, new species, type, greater diameter 8.7 mm. (profile), 

p. 150. 

11. Clanculus alfredensis, new species (top), p. 150. 

12. Clanculus alfredensis, new species (bottom), p. 150. 

Plate 24. 

Fig. 1. Eeliacus africanus, new species, type, greatest diameter 9.6 mm. (top), p. 123. 

2. Calliostoma africana, new species, type, altitude 12.8 mm. (profile), p. 162. 

3. Eeliacus africanus, new species (bottom), p. 123. 

4. Calliostoma africana, new species (top), p. 162. 

5. Eeliacus africanus, new species (profile), p. 123. 

6. Calliostoma africana, new species (bottom), p. 162. 

7. Haliotis alfredensis, new species, type, length 5.5 mm. (exterior), p. 175. 

8. Haliotis alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 175. 

Plate 25. 

Fig. 1. Calliostoma eucosmia, new species, type, greater diameter 20 mm. (top), p. 161. 

2. Calliostoma eucosmia, new species, (bottom), p. 161. 

3. Calliostoma eucosmia, new species (profile), p. 161. 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 18


Fig. 4. Gibbula articulata Gould, type, greater diameter 7 mm. (top), p. 155. 

5. Gibbula articulata Gould (profile), p. 155. 

6. Gibbula articulata Gould (bottom), p. 155. 

7. Melanella asser, new species, type, length 1.7 mm., p. 68. 

Plate 26. 

Fig. 1. Gibbula hera, new species, type, greater diameter 8 mm. (top), p. 157. 

2. Gibbula hera, new species (profile), p. 157. 

3. Gibbula hera, new species, (bottom), p. 157. 

4. Gibbula fulgens Gould, type, altitude 8 mm. (top), p. 154. 

5. Gibbula fulgens Gould (profile), p. 154. 

6. Gibbula fulgens Gould (bottom), p. 154. 

Plate 27. 

Fig. 1. Gibbula aglaia, new species, type, greater diameter 6.4 mm. (top), p. 158. 

2. Gibbula aglaia, new species, (profile), p. 158. 

3. Gibbula aglaia, new species (bottom), p. 158. 

4. Gibbula fucata Gould, cotype, greater diameter 7.3 mm. (top), p. 155. 

5. Gibbula fucata Gould (profile), p. 155. 

6. Gibbula fucata Gould (bottom), p. 155. 

Plate 28. 

Fig. 1. Gibbula gaudiosa Gould, cotype, greater diameter 5.7 mm. (top), p. 156. 

2. Gibbula gaudiosa Gould (bottom), p. 156. 

3. Gibbula gaudiosa Gould (profile), p. 156. 

4. Cynisca africana, new species, type, greater diameter 2.6 mm. (top), p. 165. 

5. Cynisca africana, new species (profile), p. 165. 

6. Cynisca africana, new species (bottom), p. 165. 

7. Teinostoma alfredensis, type, greater diameter 2 mm. (top), p. 165. 

8. Teinostoma alfredensis (profile), p. 165. 

9. Teinostoma alfredensis (bottom), p. 165. 

10. Gibbula pintado Gould, type, greater diameter 5.6 mm. (profile), p. 160. 

11. Gibbula pintado Gould (top), p. 160. 

12. Gibbula pintado Gould (bottom), p. 160. 

Plate 29. 

Fig. 1. Cyclostremella africana, new species, type, greater diameter 2.1 mm. (top), p. 170. 

2. Cyclostremella africana, new species (profile), p. 170. 

3. Cyclostremella africana, new species (bottom), p. 170. 

4. Ilaira fulgens Gould, type, greater diameter 5 mm. (top), p. 166. 

5. Ilaira fulgens Gould (profile), p. 166. 

6. Ilaira fulgens Gould (bottom), p. 166. 

7. Gibbula medusa, new species, type, greater diameter 5 mm. (profile), p. 159. 

8. Gibbula medusa, new species (top), p. 159. 

9. Gibbula medusa, new species (bottom), p. 159. 

10. Cynisca alfredensis, new species, type, greater diameter 8 mm. (profile), p. 164. 

11. Cynisca alfredensis, new species, type (top), p. 164. 

12. Cynisca alfredensis, new species, type (bottom), p. 164. 

Plate 30. 

Fig. 1. Gibbula thalia, new species, type, greater diameter 5.5 mm. (top), p. 157. 

2. Gibbula thalia, new species (bottom), p. 157. 

3. Gibbula thalia, new species (profile), p. 157.


Fig. 4. Puncturella africana, new species, type, long diameter 1.9 mm. (top), p. 177. 

5. Puncturella africana, new species (side), p. 177. 

6. Nepionic shell (back), p. 174. 

7. Nepionic shell (front), p. 174. 

8. Gibbula cicer Menke (profile), p. 156. 

9. Gibbula cicer Menke (top), p. 156. 

10. Gibbula cicer Menke (bottom), p. 156. 

Plate 31. 

Fig. 1. Discopsis alfredensis, new species, type, greater diameter 1.8 mm. (top), p. 172. 

2. Discopsis alfredensis, new species (bottom), p. 172. 

3. Discopsis alfredensis, new species (profile), p. 172. 

4. Fenella almo, new species, type, length 7.1 mm., p. 134. 

5. Nodulus africanus, new species, type, length 1.4 mm., p. 125. 

6. Cynisca gloriosa, new species, type, greater diameter 7 mm. (profile), p. 163. 

7. Cynisca gloriosa, new species (top), p. 163. 

8. Cynisca gloriosa, new species (bottom), p. 163. 

Plate 32. 

Fig. 1. Leptothyra alfredensis, new species, type, greater diameter4.8 mm. (top), p. 149. 

2. Leptothyra alfredensis, new species (bottom), p. 149. 

3. Leptothyra alfredensis, new species (profile), p. 149. 

4. Gibbula rifaca, new species, type, greater diameter 5 mm. (top), p. 160. 

5. Gibbula rifaca, new species (profile), p. 160. 

6. Gibbula rifaca, new species (bottom), p. 160. 

7. Cyclostremellafarica, newspecies, type, greater diameter 1.5 mm. (profile)p. 169. 

8. Cyclostremellafarica, new species (top), p. 169. 

9. Cyclostremellafarica, new species (bottom), p. 169. 

Plate 33. 

Fig. 1. Discopsis turtoni, new species, type, greatest diameter 2.5 mm. (top), p. 173. 

2. Discopsis turtoni, new species (bottom), p. 173. 

3. Discopsis turtoni, new species (profile), p. 173. 

4. Ringicula africana, new species, type, length 5.2 mm., p. 7. 

5. Discopsis africana, newspecies, type, greatest diameter 2.3mm. (profile), p. 172. 

6. Discopsis africana, new species (top), p. 172. 

7. Discopsis africana, new species (bottom), p. 172. 

Plate 34. 

Fig. 1. Vitrinella ficara, new species, type, greater diameter 3 mm. (top), p. 167. 

2. Vitrinella ficara, new species (bottom), p. 167. 

3. Vitrinella ficara, new species (profile), p. 167. 

4. Styliola africana, new specie.s, type, length, 4 mm., p. 3. 

5. Vitrinella facira, new species, type, greater diameter 2 mm. (profile), p. 168. 

6. Vitrinella facira, new species (top), p. 168. 

7. Vitrinella facira, new species (bottom), p. 168. 

Plate 35. 

Fig. 1. Caporbis africana, new species, type, greater diameter 1.8 mm. (bottom), p. 170. 

2. Caporbis africana, new species (top), p. 170. 

3. Caporbis africana, new species (profile), p. 170. 

4. Bullia almo, new species, type, length 22 mm., p. 54. 

5. Bullia aepynota, new species, type, length 19 mm., p. 53.


Fig. 6. Cyclostrema alfredensis, new species, type, greater diameter 1.7 mm. (profile), 

p. 169. 

7. Cyclostrema alfredensis, new species (top), p. 169. 

8. Cyclostrema alfredensis, new species (bottom), p. 169. 

Plate 36. 

Fig. 1. Pondorbis alfredensis, new species, type, greater diameter .8 mm. (top), p. 171. 

2. Pondorbis alfredensis, new species (profile), p. 171. 

3. Pondorbis alfredensis, new species (bottom), p. 171. 

4. Leptogyra africana, new species, type, greater diameter 1 mm. (top), p. 173. 

5. Leptogyra africana, new species (bottom), p. 173. 

6. Leptogyra africana, new species (profile), p. 173. 

7. Vitrinella (Docomphala) arifca, new species, type, greater diameter 1.1 mm. 

(top), p. 168. 

8. Vitrinella (Docomphala) arifca, new species (bottom), p. 168. 

9. Vitrinella (Docomphala) arifca, new species (profile), p. 168. 

10. Graphis africana, new species, type, length 2.3 mm., p. 64. 

11. Vanihoro africana, new species, type, altitude 3 mm., p. 140. 

Plate 37. 

Fig. 1. Vitrinella rifaca, new species, type, greater diameter 1.8 mm. (top), p. 167. 

2. Vitrinella rifaca, new species (bottom), p. 167. 

3. Vitrinella rifaca, new species (profile), p. 167. 

4. Columbella (Anachis) io, new species, type, length 6.5 .mm., p. 54. 

5. Columbella (Seminella) alfredensis, new species, type, length 6.1 mm., p. 56. 

6. Murex alfredensis, new species, type, length 6 mm., p. 59. 

7. Vitrinella cifara, new species, type, greater diameter 1.4 mm. (profile), p. 167. 

8. Vitrinella cifara, new species (top), p. 167. 

9. Vitrinella cifara, new species (bottom), p. 167. 

Plate 38. 

Fig. 1. Barbatia cafria, new species, type, length 14.2 mm., p. 183. 

2. Cylindrobtdla turtoni, new species, type, length 8 mm., p. 8. 

3. Bullia lara, new species, type, length 38 mm., p. 53. 

4. Lima africana, new species, type, length 13.5 mm., p. 187. 

5. Barbatia cafria, new species, p. 183. 

6. Littorina africana tryphena, new subspecies, type, length 7 mm., p. 120. 

Plate 39. 

Fig. 1. Dinoplax gigas alfredensis, new subspecies, type, length 62 mm., p. 179. 

2. Dinoplax gigas alfredensis, new subspecies (top), p. 179. 

3. Erycina rifaca, new species, type, length 1.2 mm., p. 197. 

4. Hochstetteria paramoea, new species, type, altitude 2.2 mm., p. 184. 

5. Rochefortia io, new species, type, length 1.1 mm., p. 201. 

6. Hochstetteria alfredensis, new species, type, altitude 3.6 mm. (exterior), p. 184. 

7. Hochstetteria alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 184. 

Plate 40. 

Fig. 1. Solen alfredensis, new species, type, length 96.5 mm. (exterior), p. 208. 

2. Solen alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 208. 

3. Atrina alfredensis, new species, type, length 73 mm., p. 183.


Plate 41. 

Fig. 1. Crenella alfredensis, new species, type, altitude 3.2 mm., p. 189. 

2. Modiolaria africana, new species, type, length 3.5 mm., p. 190. 

3. Rochefortia elsa, new species, type, length 1.8 mm., p. 200. 

4. Modiolaria ima, new species, type, length 7 mm., p. 190. 

5. Modiolaria ima, new species, p. 190. 

6. Bornia farica, new species, cotype, length 3 mm., p. 198. 

7. Bornia arfica, new species, type, length 2.8 mm., p. 199. 

Plate 42. 

Fig. 1. Bornia (Pythina) africana, new species, type, length 13.8 mm., p. 199. 

2. Bornia. (Pythina) africana, new species, p. 199. 

3. Rochefortia helena, new species, type, length 1.5 mm., p. 201. 

4. Rochefortia. helena, new species, p. 201. 

5. Modiolaria cuneata Gould cotype, length, 11.8 mm. (interior), p. 189. 

6. Modiolaria cuneata Gould (exterior), p. 189. 

7. Erycina ima, new species, type, length 2.2 mm. (interior), p. 197. 

8. Erycina ima, new species (exterior), p. 197. 

9. Lasea turtoni, new species, type, length 4.1 mm. (interior), p. 201. 

10. Lasea turtoni, new species (exterior), p. 201. 

Plate 43. 

Fig. 1. Ungulina alfredensis, new species, cotype, length 18 mm. (exterior), p. 196. 

2. Ungulina alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 196. 

3. Erycina firmata Goxild, type, length 4.8 mm. (exterior), p. 196. 

4. Erycina firmata Gould (interior), p. 196. 

5. Eastonia africana, new species, type, length 36 mm. (exterior), p. 209. 

6. Eastonia africana, new species (interior), p. 209. 

7. Erycina alfredensis, new species, type, length 4.9 mm. (exterior), p. 197. 

8. Erycina alfredensis, new species, type, (interior), p. 197. 

Plate 44. 

Fig. 1. Pholas alfredensis, new species, type, length 41 mm. (exterior), p. 210. 

2. Pholas alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 210. 

3. Anomalocardia alfredensis, new species, type, length 31 mm. (exterior), p. 203. 

4. Anomalocardia alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 203. 

5. Dentalium strigatum Gould, cotype, length, 15.1 mm., p. 180. 

6. Mactra alfredensis, new species, type, length 41 mm. (exterior), p. 209. 

7. Mactra alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 209. 

Plate 45. 

Fig. 1. Rochefortia convexa Gould, cotype, length 4.2 mm., p. 199. 

2. Rochefortia convexa Gould, p. 199. 

3. Scintilla turtoni, new species, type, length 8.5 mm., p. 196. 

4. Digitaria africana, new species, type, length 3.7 mm., p. 194. 

5. Rochefortia enora, new species, type, length 3.8 mm., p. 200. 

6. Erycina carifa, new species, type, length 3.5 mm., p. 197. 

7. Abra africana, new species, type, length 5 mm., p. 206. 

8. Theora alfredensis, new species, type, length 9.2 mm., p. 206.


Plate 46. 

Fig. 1. Philobrya africana, new species, type, length 5 mm. (exterior), p. 185. 

2. Philobrya africana, new species (interior), p. 185. 

3. Circe alfredensis, new species, type, length 16 mm. (exterior), p. 203. 

4. Circe alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 203. 

5. Erycina subradiata Carpenter, type, length 3.6 mm. (exterior), p. 197. 

6. Erycina subradiata Carpenter (interior), p. 197. 

7. Tellina albinella alfredensis, new subspecies, type, length 46.8 mm., p. 205. 

8. Tellina albinella alfredensis, new subspecies, p. 205. 

9. Barbatia alfredensis, new species, type, length 34 mm. (exterior), p. 182. 

10. Barbatia alfredensis, new species (interior), p. 182. 

Plate 47. 

Fig. 1. Diplodonla almo, new species, -type, length 3.5 mm., p. 195. 

2. Rochefortia helena, new species, type, length 1.5 mm., p. 201. 

3. Cuna concentrica, new species, type, length 1.2 mm., p. 191. 

4. Rochefortia convexa Gould, young cotype, p. 199. 

5. Diplodonta africana, new species, type, length 2.2 mm., p. 195. 

6. Rochefortia milda, new species, type, length 2.5 mm., p. 200. 

Plate 48. 

Fig. 1. Condylocardia io, new species, type, length 2.6 mm., p. 193. 

2. Rochefortiafarma, new species, type, length 2.5 mm., p. 201. 

3. Venericardia africana, new species, type, altitude 3.1 mm., p. 192. 

4. Carditopsis alfredensis, new species, type, altitxide 2 mm., p. 193. 

5. Felaniella alfredensis, new species, type, length 1.9 mm., p. 195. 

Plate 49. 

Fig. 1. Crenella alfredensis, new species, p. 189. 

2. Erycina subradiata Carpenter, p. 197. 

3. Theora alfredensis, new species, p. 206. 

4. Scintilla turtoni, new species, p. 196. 

5. Scintilla turtoni, new species, p. 196. 

6. Erycina firmata Gould, p. 196. 

7. Erycina firmata Gould, p. 196. 

8. A bra africana, new species, p. 206. 

9: Abra africana, new species, p. 206. 

Plate 50. 

Fig. 1. Erycina alfredensis, new species, p. 197. 

2. Erycina alfredensis, new species, p. 197. 

3. Erycina ima, new species, p. 197. 

4. Erycina ima, new species, p. 197. 

5. Erycina carifa, new species, p. 197. 

6. Erycina carifa, new species, p. 197. 

7. Erycina rifaca, new species, p. 198. 

8. Erycina rifaca, new species, p. 198. 

9. Bornia fortidentata Smith, p. 198. 

10. Bornia fortidentata Smith, p. 198.


Fig. 1. Borniafarica, new species, p. 198. 

2. Borniafarica, new species, p. 198. 

Plate 51. 

3. Bornia (Pythina) africana, new species, p. 199. 

4. Bornia arfica, new species, p. 199. 

5. Bornia (Pythina) rotundata Deshayes, p. 199. 

6. Bornia (Pythina) rotundata Deshayes, p. 199. 



9. Rochefortia simitis Smith, p. 200. 

10. Rochefortia similis Smith, p. 200. 

Plate 52. 

Fig. 1. Rochefortia natalensis Smith, p. 200. 

2. Rochefortia natalensis Smith, p. 200. 

3. Rochefortia enora, new species, p. 200. 

4. Rochefortia enora, new species, p. 200. 

5. Rochefortia elsa, new species, p. 200. 

6. Rochefortia elsa, new species, p. 200. 

7. Rochefortia helena, new species, p. 201. 

8. Rochefortia helena, new species, p. 201. 

9. Rochefortia milda, new species, p. 200. 

10. Rochefortia milda, new species, p. 200. 

11. Cuna concentrica, new species, p. 191. 

12. Cuna concentrica, new species, p. 191. 

Plate 53. 

Fig. 1. Rochefortia farma, new species, p. 201. 

2. Rochefortia farma, new species, p. 201. 

3. Lasea turtoni, new species, p. 201. 

4. Lasea turtoni, new species, p. 201. 

5. Rochefortia io, new species, p. 201. 

6. Rochefortia io, new species, p. 201. 

7. Felaniella alfredensis, new species, p. 195. 

8. Felaniella alfredensis, new species, p. 195. 

9. Diplodonta africana, new species, p. 195. 

10. Diplodonta africana, new species, p. 195. 

Plate 54. 

Fig. 1. Ungulina alfredensis, new species, p. 196. 

2. Diplodonta almo, new species, p. 195. 

3. Carditopsis alfredensis, new species, p. 193. 

4. Carditopsis alfredensis, new species, p. 193. 

5. Venericardia africana, new species, p. 192. 

6. Venericardia africana, new species, p. 192. 

7. Condylocardia io, new species, p. 193. 

8. Condylocardia io, new species, p. 193. 

9. Digitaria africana, new species, p. 194. 

10. Ungelina alfredensis, new species, p. 196.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 91 PL. 1 

South African Marine Mollusks. 

For explanation of plate see page 257.




U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM 


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abbreviate, Desmoulea 52, 223 

Venus 255 

abildgaardiaiia, Gastrana 207, 228 

abnormis, Latirus 240 

Abra 206 

africana 206, 228 

abrupta, Crassatella 235 

abyssicola, Voluta 255 

Acanthochites 180 

carpenteri 180, 226 

garnot i 180, 226 

variegatus 229 

Acanthochitidae 180 

Acanthopleura afra 229 

quatrefagesi 229 

spinigera 229 

achatina, Cassis 95, 224 

Mactra 241 

aciculatus, Obeliscus 245 

aeinoidos, Melampus 10,221 

Aclis tenuislriata 229 

Acmaea 141 

roseoradiata 141, 226 

acrifa, Melanella 68, 223 

Odostomia 91,224 

Acrilla 64 

gracilis 229 

thalia 64, 223 

Actaeon affinis 229 

Acteocina 4 

smithi 4, 221 

species 4, 221 

Acteon 3 

albus 3, 221 

Acteonidae 3 

aculeata, Crepidula 136, 225 

Scala 250 

acuminata, Area 182, 227 

Crassatellites 191,227 

Triton 253 

acuta, Hipponyx 240 

Planaxis 247 

acutilirata, Cingulina 233 

adaba, Turbonilla 75, 224 

adamsii, Cardium 232 

adansoni, Mactra 209, 228 

adjacens, Columbella 58, 223 

Rissoa 249 

adspersa, Crepidula 236 

aegrota , Triton 253 

aemulus, Donax 238 

aepynota, Bullia 53, 223 

aequilatera, Pinna 247 

aequisulcata, Mactra 209 

aerumnosa, Mitra 243 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 19 

INDEX. 

aethra, Odostomia 89, 224 

afer, Mytilus 244 

afflne, Sistrum 250 

affinis, Actaeon 249 

Ranella 253 

Terebra 252 

afra, Acanthopleura 229 

Atrina 183, 227 

Gadinia 239 

africana, Abra 206, 228 

Alabina 121 , 225 

Ampullarina 11 , 221 

Area 230 

Bornia 199, 227 

Calliostoma 162, 226 

Caporbis 170, 226 

Cithna 102, 225 

Chiton 233 

Crassatella 235 

Cyclostremella 170, 226 

Cylichna 5, 221 

Cynisca 165, 226 

Cyrena 237 

Diala 122, 225 

Digitaria 194, 227 

Diplodonta 195, 227 

Discopsis 172, 226 

Eastonia 209,228 

Ethalia 238 

Graphis 64, 223 

Leptogyra 173, 226 

Leptothyra 147, 226 

Lima 187, 227 

Littorina 119, 225 

Macoma 206, 228 

Mangilia 241 

Modiolaria 190,227 

Natica 138, 225 

Phasianella 145, 226 

Philobrya 185, 227 

Physopsis 247 

Puncturella 177, 226 

Pyramidella 71, 223 

Ringicula 7, 221 

Seila 114, 225 

Styliola 221 

Teinostoma 165, 226 

Tellina 252 

Triphoris 103,224 

Triton 253 

Vanikoro 140, 225 

Venericardia 192, 227 

Venus : 255 

Voluta 222

270 

africanum, Cymatium 94, 224 

Dentalium 237 

Epitonium 62, 223 

africanus, Amphithalamus 127, 225 

Heliacus 

123, 225 

Nodulus 125, 225 

agana, Odostomia 87, 224 

aganea, Pyramidella 73, 223 

aglaia, Epitonium 63, 223 

Gibbula 

158 

Turbonilla 83, 224 

Agulhasia davidsoni 

229 

ahenea, Littorina 

120,225 

Akeratidae 

6 

Alaba 

121 

pinnae 121, 225 

Alabina 

121 

africana 

121, 225 

alfredensis 121, 225 

alauda, Mitra 

243 

albanyana, Marginella 242 

albicilla, Nerita 

albida, Cyrena 

alboapicata, Latirus 

INDEX. 

174, 226 

237 

240 

albocincta, Marginella 36,222 

albofasciata, Siphonaria. . . .' 250 

albolimbata , Chromodoris 233 

albonodulosa, Drillia 21,221 

albonotata, Patella 

albotessellata, Drillia 

246 

238 

albovaricosum, Cerithium 232 

albozonata, Ancilla 35, 222 

albuginosa, Columbella 58, 223 

albus, Acteon 

3,222 

Alcira 

58 

elegans 

58, 223 

species? 58, 223 

Alectrion 

Alectrionidae 

capensis 51 , 222 

cerotina 

51 

52,222 

crawfordi 

51, 222 

kochiana 51, 222 

kraussiana 52, 222 

plicosa 52, 222 

poecilosticta 

pyramidalis * 52, 222 

quantula 51 , 222 

species? 

alfredensis, Alabina 121, 225 

Alvania 128, 225 

Anomalocardia 203,227 

Atrina 183, 227 

Barbatia 182,227 

Bullia 54,223 

Carditopsis 193, 227 

Cerithiopsis 109,225 

Circe 203, 227 

Clanculus 150, 226 

Colubraria 50, 222 

Columbella 56, 223 

Cominella 48, 222 

Conus 13,221 

Orenella 189, 227 

Cyclostrema 169, 226 

51 

52 

51 

alfredensis, Cynisca 164, 226 

Cythara 31, 222 

Daphnella 32,222 

Dinoplax 179, 226 


Erycina 197,227 

Fasciolaria 46, 222 

Felaniella 195,227 

Haliotis 175, 226 

Haminea 6,221 

Hochstetteria 184, 227 

Leptothyra 149, 226 

Mactra 209, 228 

Marginella 41, 222 

Melanella 66, 223 

Murex 59,223 

Natica 138, 225 

Niso 70,223 

Nyctilochus 94, 224 

Pholas 210,228 

Pondorbis 171,226 


Seila 1 13, 225 

Sistrum 60 

Solen 20S,228 

Teinostoma 165, 226 

Tellina 205, 227 

Theora 206,228 

Ungulina 196, 227 

alfredi, Rissoina 130, 225 

algida, Nassa 244 

algoensis, Columbella 57, 223 

Conus 14 

Cypraea 97, 224 

Alia 

Aligena 

Marginella 41 

Melanell 65, 223 

Ostrea 185, 227 

58 

202 

ovalis 202, 227 

allochroa, Aplysia 229 

almo, Alvania 12S, 225 

Bullia 

54,223 

Diala 

123, 225 

Diplodonta 195, 227 

Fenella 134, 225 

Marginella 

41, 222 

altispiratus, Conus 234 

alucinans, Tivela 

Alvania 

alfredensis 

almo 

argentea 

farquhari 

203 

127 

128, 225 

128, 225 

129,225 

128,225 

fenestrate 

129, 225 

ima 129, 225 

nemo 

127, 225 

pura 

229 

alveolatum, Onithochiton 

246 

ambigua, Chione 

249 

Rissoina 

253 

amoenula, Idaliella 

Amphibolidae 

240 

H 

Amphiperas 

96 

beckeri 

96,224

Amphiperas smithi 96, 224 

Amphiperasidae 96 

Amphithalamus 126 

africanus 127, 225 

turtoni 126,225 

amplexa, Clathurella 30 

Mangilia 30, 222 

amplustre, Amplusatrum 229 

ampulla, Bullaria 6, 221 

Ampullarina 11 


Anachis 57 

anaglyptus, Gymnoplax 240 

analogica, Nassa 244 

Tellina 252 

Anatina villosiuscula 229 

anaxares, Purpura 249 

aneeps, Aspella 95,224 

Conus 234 

Ranella 249 

Ancilla 34 

albozonata 35, 222 

angustata 229 

australis 229 

bulloides 35,222 

cinnamomea 229 

decipiens 34 

dimidiata 229 

fasciata 35, 222 

hasta 229 

lineolata 229 

marmorata 35, 222 

montrouzieri 229 

obesa 35, 222 

obtusa 34, 222 

optima 229 

ordinaria 229 

osculata 35, 222 

pura 35, 222 

reevei 34, 222 

species ? 35, 222 

ancilla, Sylvanocochlea 35,222 

ancillaeformis, Bullia 231 

Ancillaria contusa 229 

andersoni, Astralium 230 

angasi, Odostomia 245 

angea, Turbonilla 77,224 

anglicana, Cominella 48 

angulata, Crassatella 235 

Cypricardia 237 

Libitina 240 

Neocardia 245 

angusta, Cominella 49, 222 

angustata, Ancilla 229 

Cypraea 236 

Marginel'.a 242 

annulata, Bullia 53, 223 

Chromodoris 234 

Rissoina 249 

Turritella 118,225 

annulus, Cypraea 236 

Anomalocardia 203 


Anomalodesmacea 190 

INDEX. 271 

Anomia 187 

ephippium 187, 227 

patelliformis 187, 227 

tridentata 229 

Anomiidae 187 

anomioides, Perna 247 

anteridion, Pleurotoma 248 

Antigona 204 

species ? 204, 227 

verrucosa 204, 227 

anus, Triton 253 

aperta, Bullia 231 

Pupillaea 176, 226 

Aphelodoris brunnea 229 

Apicalia biformis 229 

apicata, Columbella 58, 223 

apicina, Terebra 252 

apicitincta, Terebra 11,221 

apiculata, Chaetopleura 233 

ap lustre, Conus 234 

Aplysia allochroa 229 

cirrhifera 229 

concava 221 

depilans 229 

eusiphonata 229 

gargantua 229 

gilchristi 230 

lobata 230 

maculata 221 

marmorata 230 

monochroa 230 

poikilia 230 

savignana 230 

species? 221 

woodii 230 

Aplysiidae 9 

apsa, Turbonilla 81,224 

aquatilis, Triton 258 

arabica, Axinaea 230 

Cypraea 230 

arachnoides, Purpura 249 

aracnnoideus, Conus 234 

arakauensis, Cryptogramma 236 

arata, Mangilia 27, 231 

Area 182 

acuminata 182, 227 

africana 

230 

coelata 230 

divaricata 

230 

domingensis 230 

erythraeensis 230 

gradata 

imbricata 

inaequivalvis 

inflata 

230 

230 

230 

230 

kraussii 230 

lactea 

230 

modiolus 230 

natalensis 

230 

navicularis 230 

nivea 

230 

nucleus 

obliquata 

230 

230

272 

Area, ovata 

quoyi 

scabra 

scapha 

squamosa 

Archidoris capensis 

granosa 

scripta 

archimedes, Terebra 

Arcidae 

arctica, Saxicava 

arcuata, Typhis 

arcularia, Buccinum 

INDEX. 

Page. 

23° 

230 

230 

230 

230 

230 

230 

230 

252 

181 

250 

255 

230 

arenacea, Saxicava 210, 228 

arenatus, Conus 

234 

areola, Cassis 

232 

areolata, Natica 

244 

arfica, Bornia 199,227 

Odostomia 86, 224 

argentea, Alvania 129, 225 

Turbonilla 

argenvillei, Patella 

255 

143, 226 

argo, Argonauta 2, 221 

Argobuccinum 93 

argus 93, 224 

species ? 93 

Argonauta 2 

argo 2, 221 

bottgeri 230 

kochiana 230 

tuberculata 

230 

Argonautidae 2 

argus, Argobuccinum 93, 224 

Octopus 

245 

arifca, Docomphala 226 

Vitrinella 

168 

armata, Voluta 255 

armillata, Gibbula 239 

art iculata, Gibbula 155, 226 

Margarita 155 

Stomatella 251 

asiaticum, Cardium 232 

Aspella 95 

anceps 95, 224 

aspera, Littorina 241 

Ricinula 249 

Siphonaria 10, 221 

asser, Melanella 68, 223 

Assiminea 135 

capensis 135,225 

fasciata 136, 225 

ovata 135, 225 

species ? 136, 225 

umlaasiana 135, 225 

Assimineidae 135 

Astartidae : 194 

Astraea 146 

tayloriana 146 

Astralium andersoni 230 


taylorianum 226 

astricta Engina 238 

atea, Triphoris 98,224 

aterrima, Nerita 245 

Atlanta 92 

peronii 92, 224 

atlantica, Eulima 238 

Atlantidae 92 

atossa, Turbonilla 78,224 

atrata, Columbella 234 

Atrina 183 

afra 183,227 


Atys cylindrica 230 

aurantiaca, Donax 238 

Auricula caffra 230 

kraussii 230 

kiisteri 230 

Iivida 230 

pellucens 230 

umlassiana 230 

auriculata, Modiola 189, 227 

Auriculidae 10 

Auriculina lucida 230 

aurora, Conus 12, 221 

australe, Triton 253 

australis, Ancilla 229 

Fissurella 239 

Fissuridea 177, 226 

Hipponyx 240 

Mactra 241 

Monodonta 243 

Plicatula 248 

Poronia 248 

Saxicava 250 

Sepia 250 

avena, Columbella 234 

Avicula flabellum 230 

zebra 230 

axicornis, Murex 243 

Axinaea arabica 230 

babingtoni, Tritonalia 60, 223 

babylonia, Terebra 252 

bacillum, Turritella 255 

bartia, Fasciolaria 239 

bairstowi, Conus 14, 221 

Drillia 21, 221 

Latirus 47, 222 


balteata, lanthina 240 

Niso 70,223 

bandanus, Conus 234 

Bankivia varians 230 

banksii, Murex 243 

barbara, Patella 142, 226 

barbata, Hipponyx 240 

Barbatia 

182 


cafria 183, 227 

species ? 182, 227 

barclayi, Cypraea 236 

Barleeia 

134 

smithi 134,225 

Basterotia 

196 

obtusa 230 

tricostalis 196, 227 

bathyraphe, Mitra 43,222 


beckeri, Ampniperas 96, 224 

Columbella 57, 223 

Gibbula 239 

Mangilia 

241 

Solariella 

251

INDEX. 273 

Page. 

belaeformis Pleurotoma 251 

belcheri, Dentalium 237 

Nucula 245 

Pectunculus 247 

benjamini, Mangilia 26 

bensoni, Marginella 242 

benzi, Gibbula 158,226 

berghi, Philine 247 

bertini, Donax 207, 228 

betulinus, Conus 234 

bia, Eumeta 116,225 

bicallosa, Nassa 244 

bicarinata, Collonia 234 

Liotia 241 

Phasianelia 145, 226 

bicingulatum, Trochus 254 

bicolor, Pectunculus 247 

bicuspidata, Nucula 245 

bifasciata, Turbouilla 255 

biflammata, Columbella 234 

biformis, Apicalia 227 

bijubat a, Pleurotoma 248 

bilincata, Marginella 38, 222 

bipartita, Clionella 14, 221 

bipartitus, Donax 208, 239 

biplicata, Marginella 242 

biporcata, Gibbula 240 

bisculpta, Ervilia 238 

bisculptum, Calliostoma 231 

biserialis, Cominella 47 

bisulcata, Cassis 232 

Bittium quadncinctum 230 

Bornia 198 


arflca 199, 227 

farica 198, 227 

fortidentata 198, 227 

rotundata 199, 227 

seminulum 230 

bornii, Clionella 18, 221 

bottgeri, Argonauta 230 

bovei, Mitra 243 

bracteatus, Triton 253 

branchiata, Pholas 247 

brevispina, Murex 243 

brevispinosus, Chiton 233 

brunnea, Aphelodoris 229 

Buccinidae 47 

Buccinum arcularia 230 

cariniferum 230 

cerealis 231 

clathratum 231 

coccinella 231 

coronatum 231 

delalandi 231 

dunked 231 

flavum 231 

glaucum 231 

horridum 231 

kochianum 231 

laevigatum 231 

laevissimum 231 

lineatus 231 

marginulatum 231 

marmoratum 231 

Buccinum perdix 231 

perlatum 231 

pictum 231 

pyramidalis 231 

rubiginosum 231 

rufulum 231 

signata 231 

situla 231 

testiculus 231 

tigrinum 231 

violaceum 231 

zeyheri 231 

bufo, Purpura 249 

bulbosa, Marginella 242 

Oliva 245 

bulbosum, Melapium 02,223 

Bulla aperta 231 

cylindracea 231 

elongata 231 

ficus 231 

natalensis 231 

pbysis 231 

puncto-striata 231 

rostrata 231 

solidula 231 

soluta j> 231 

spelta 231 

truncatula 231 

urnbilicata 231 

voluta 231 

Bullaria 6 

ampulla 6,221 

species ? 6,221 

Bullariidae 6 

bullata, Scala 222 

Voluta 42 

Bullia 53 

achatina 231 

aepynota 53, 223 


almo 54, 223 

ancillaeformis 231 

annulata 53, 223 

callosa 55, 223 

capensis 231 

digitalis 55, 223 

diluta 55, 223 

laevissima 50, 223 

lara 53,223 

mauritiana 231 

mediolaevis 231 

natalensis 55 

polita 55 

pura 55, 223 

pustulosa 231 

rhodostoma 55, 223 

semiflamrnea 55 

similis 231 

species? 55, 223 

tenuis 53,223 

trifasciata 53, 223 

Bullina 3 

oblonga 231 

scabra 3, 221 

bulloides, Ancilla 35, 222

274 

burnupi, Calliostoma 

Cardium 

Columbella 

Donax 

Bursa 

Loligo 

Marginella 

Natica 

Onchidium 

Pleurotoma 

Psamiaobia 

Sepia 

Tethys 

INDEX. 

231 

232 

234 

208, 228 

241 

40, 222 

244 

246 

248 

207, 228 

250 

253 

Triphora - 253 

species? 

cadaverosa, Mitra 

Caecidae 

Caecum 

glabratum 

caelatum, Solarium 

caerulea, Oliva 

caeruleum, Cerithium 

caesia, Doriopsis 

caffer, Conus 

caffra, Auricula 

Drillia 

Fissurella 

92 

92, 224 

243 

H7 

H7 

117, 225 

251 

245 

232 

238 

13, 221 

230 

21, 221 

239 

Jeffreysia 134, 225 

cafria, Barbatia 183, 227 

calcarea, Tellina 

252 

calia, Rissoina 130, 225 

Calliostoma 

161 


bisculptum 231 

burnupi 231 

crossleyae 231 

eucosmia 161, 226 

farquhari 231 

granoliratum 231 

iridescens 231 

layardi 231 

perfragile 231 

species? 163 

Callipara 42 

caUista, Turbonilla 83, 224 

Callochiton 178 

castaneus 178, 226 

dentatus 231 

callosa, Bullia 55, 223 

Doriopsis 238 

calyculata, Cardita 232 

Fissuridea 177, 226 

Gibbula 240 

Calyptraea cicatricosa 231 

porosa 231 

calyptraeformis, Troehita 136 

Calyptraeidae 136 

canaliculata, Mitra 43, 222 

Cancellaria 33 

dalli 33 

foveolata 33, 222 

imbricata 232 

lamellosa 232 

producta 232 

semidisjuncta 33, 222 

Cancellariidae 33 

cancellata, Natica 244 

Stomatella 

251 

cancellatum , Purpura 249 

Solarium 251 

Candida, Turbonilla 

candidate, Tellina 

cantharus, Drillia 

capense, Doridium 

255 

252 

238 

238 

capensis, Alectrion 51, 222 

Archidoris 

Assiminea 

Bullia 

230 

135, 225 

231 

Carditella 

232 

Chiton 

233 

Columbella 

56,223 

Cominella 49 

Crepidula 236 

Cyclas 

236 


Diala 123, 225 

Diaulula 

237 

Doriopsilla 238 

Doriopsis 238 

Euploeamus 239 

Fossarus 239 

Fusus 239 

Geitodoris 239 

Gibbula 158 

Janus 240 

Jeffreysia 135, 225 

Lutraria 210, 228 

Mactra 241 


Margarit iphora 185, 227 

Marginella 38 

Marsenia 242 

Mitra 43, 222 

Modiola 189, 227 

Montacuta 243 

Murex 

243 

Mytilus 

244 

Neaera 245 

Nembrotha 245 

Oliva 

245 

Palio 

Patella 

Pecten 

Phasianella 

246 

144,226 

247 

145 

Philine 9, 221 

Pleurobranchus 247 

Pleurophyllidia 

248 

Pleurotoma 

248 

Polypus 

248 

Psammotellina 207,228 


Semele 206, 228 

Sepia 

250 

Siphonaria 10, 221 

Solen 

208, 228 

Terebra 11, 221 

Thais 61, 223 

Thracia 

253 

Triphoris 105, 224 

Tritonidoxa 

254

INDEX. 275 

Page. 

capensis, Trochus 258 

Turritella 119 

capitaneus, Conus 234 

Caporbis 170 


capsoides, Tellina 252 

caput-serpentis, Cypraea 236 

carbonacea, Mitra 243 

Cardiidae 202 

Cardita 192 

calyeulata 232 

concamerata 232 

elata 232 

laticostata 192, 227 

pulcherrima 232 

turgida 192 

Carditamera 192 

Carditella 193 

capensis 232 

rugosa 193, 227 

Carditidae 192 

Carditopsis 193 


Cardium 202 

adamsii 232 

asiaticum 232 

burnupi 232 

fasciatum 232 


lima 232 

natalense 232 

papyraceum 232 

rubicundum 232 

rubrum 232 

rugosum 232 

semisiilcatum 232 

tenuicostatum 232 

turtoni 202, 227 

carduus, Trophon 254 

Careliopsis 84 

carifa, Erycina 197, 227 


Mitra 44 



carinatus, Claneulus 234 

carinifera, Turritella 118, 225 

cariniferum, Buccinum 230 

carmichaelis, Chiton 233 

carminea, Leptothyra 148, 226 

carnea, Ovula 246 

carneola, Cypraea 236 

carpenteri, Acanthochites 180, 226 

carteretensis, Triphora 253 

Cassididae 95 

Cassis 95 

achatina 95, 224 

areola 232 

bisulcata 232 

craticulatus 232 

pila 232 

pyrum 95 

torquata 232 

zealanica 95, 224 

Page. 

casta, Mangilia 241 

Monoptygma 243 

Terebra 252 

castanea, Luponia 241 

Pleurotoma 248 

Thais 61, 223 

castaneus, Callochiton 178, 226 

Pectunculus 247 

cataracta, Thais 61, 223 

caurica, Cypraea 236 

Cavolina 3 

globulosa 3, 221 

longirostris 3, 221 

quadridentata 232 

trispinosa 232 

Cavolinidae 3 

Cephalopoda 2 

cerea, Buccinum 231 

Mangilia 241 


Cerithidae 1 16 

cerithina, Penella 239 

Ceritbiopsidae 109 

Cerithiopsis 109 


chapmaniana 232 

erna 110, 225 

exquisita 110, 225 

insignis 232 

lirata 232 


neglecta 232 

nina Ill, 225 

nisaba 112,225 

peilei 232 

purpurea 232 

saba 112, 225 

species 1 112, 113, 225 

Cerithium 116 

albovaricosum 232 

caeruleum 232 

citrinum 232 

columna 232 

contractum 116, 225 

crassilabrum 117, 225 

decollata 117 

dialeucum 232 

echinatum 232 

egenum 232 

foveolatum 232 

inaequisculpta 232 

kochii 232 

lacteum 232 

mediterraneum 232 

moniliferum 232 


obeliscum 232 

pingue 232 

rissoidea 232 

rufonodulosum 233 

rugosum 233 

taeniatum 233 

trilineatum 233 

vulgatum 116, 225 

zebrum 233

276 

cerotina, Alectrion 

ceylanensis, Conus 

ceylonicus, Conus 

Chaetopleura apiculata 

destituta 

papilio 

Chama 

gryphina 

gryphoides 

iostoma 

Chamidae 

chapmaniana, Cerithiopsis 

Chemnitzia 

lactea 

obeliscus 

chinensis, Mitra 

INDEX. 

52,222 

234 

235 

233 

233 

233 

194 

194,227 

233 

233 

194 

232 

75 

233 

trachealis 82, 233 

Patella 

Chione 

ambigua 

Chiton 

species ? 

africana 

brevispinosus 

capensis 

carmichaelis 

76 

243 

246 

203 

233 

203, 227 

180 

233 

233 

233 

233 

granulatus 233 

indicus 

233 

labeculatus 233 

literatus 233 

lyratus 233 

macgillivrayi 233 

marginatum 233 

nigrovirescens 233 

pertusus 233 

pruinosus 233 

punctulata 233 

pustulatus 233 

solea 233 

species ? 180,222 

spiculosus 233 

subgigas 233 

sykesi 233 

textilis 233 

tulipa 180, 226 

wahlbergi 233 

watsoni 233 

Chitonellus striatus 233 

chitonicola, Odostomia 245 

Chitonidae 180 

Chlamys fultoni 233 


humilis 233 


chlorostoma, Triton 253 

Chromodoridella mirabilis 233 

Chromodoris albolimbata 233 

annulata 233 

euelpis 233 

lineata 233 

runcinata 233 

chrysea, Marginella 242 

chrysostomus, Turbo 254 

cicatricosa, Calyptraea 231 

cicer, Gibbula 156,226 

cidaris, Turbo 146,226 

cifara 69,223 


Turbonilla 84,224 

Vitrinella 167, 226 

cinera, Marginella 242 

cingulata, Purpura 249 

cingulatum, Lotorium 241 

cingulatus, Fusinus 47, 222 

Triphora 253 

cingulifera, Cyelostrema 236 


Terebra 252 

Cingulina 82, 83 

acutilirata 233 

circinata 233 

pellucidus. 233 

cingulum, Solarium 251 

cinnamomea, Ancilla 224 

Volutomitra 255 

Cioniscus, unilineatus 233 

Circe 203 

afredensis 203, 227 

divaricata 233 

circula, Mitra 243 

circulata, Hydat ina 240 

circumtexta, Nassa 244 

cirrhifera, Aplysia 229 

Cithna 120 


citrina, Cypraea 97 , 324 

citrinum, Cerithium 232 

Clanculus 150 


carinatus 234 

laceyi 234 

meruloides 151 

miniatus 150, 226 

mixtus 234 

waltonae 151,226,234 

clandestina, Cypraea 236 

clathrata, Mangilia 241 

Purpura 249 

clathratula, Scalaria 250 

clalhratum, Buccinum 231 

clathrus, Scalaria 250 

Turbo 254 

Clathurella amplexa 30 

commoda 234 

verrucosa 234 

westcotti 234 

clausicaudatus, Fusus 239 

clausus, Loripes 194,227 

Clavatula 

18 

haliplex 19,221 

halistrepta 19, 221 

helena 20,221 

impages 234 

parilis 

234 

species ? 

20 

taxus 

18,221 

cleo, Marginella 39,222 

Clionella 

14 

bipartita 14,221

Clionella bornii 18,221 

confusa 15,221 

elizabethae 16 

kraussii 14,221 

nereia 16,221 

platystoma 18, 221 

rosaria 15,212 

semieostata 17 

sinuata 18 

species? 18,221 

subventricosa 1 4, 221 

sybaritica 15,221 


Clistoconeha 1 91 

insignis 1 91, 227 

coccinea, Nassa 244 

coccinella, Buccinum 231 

cochlear, Patella 143,226 

coelata, Area 230 

Collonia bicarinata 234 

quantilla 148 

Colubraria 50 

alfredensis 50,222 

Colu brariidae 50 

Columbella adjacens 58, 223 

albuginosa 58, 223 


algoensis 57, 223 

apicata 58,223 

atrata 234 

avena 234 

becked 57, 223 

biflammata 234 

burnupi 234 

capensis 56, 22 

consanguinea 234 

filmerae 234 

floccata 234 

fulminea 57, 234 

io 57,223 

kitchingi 234 

kraussi 57, 223 

lactea 234 

langley i 

234 

leptalea 234 

lightfooti 56,223 

ligula 234 

mendicaria 234 

mercatoria 234 

obtusa 234 

pulchella 234 

pumila 234 

pyramidalis 58, 223 

sagena 

235 

shepstonensis 235 

species ? 57, 58,223 

turturina 

undata 

varians 

versicolor 

columbella, Lucina 

Columbellidae 

columna, Cerithium 

Cominella 

alfredensis 

INDEX. 277 

234 

234 

234 

234 

241 

56 

232 

47 

48, 222 

Cominella anglicana 48 

angusta 49, 222 

biserialis 47 

capensis 49 

delalandi 48 

elongata 48, 222 

glandiformis 234 

intinctum 234 

lagenaria 48, 222 

limbosa 48 

multilirata 47 

papyracea 48, 222 

porcata 47, 222 

prolongata 234 

puncturata 49, 222 

semisulcata 234 

species ? 49, 222 

sulcata 234 

tigrina 47, 222 

unlfasciata 49, 222 

comma-notata, Nerita 245 

commoda, Clathurella 234 

communis, lanthina 65, 223 

complanata, Crepidula 136 

compressa, Cytherea 237 

Macroschisma 241 

Patella 143, 226 

Tivela 203, 227 

compta, Nueulana 245 

Scintilla 

# 

250 

concamerata, Cardita 232 

Thecalia 192, 227 

concatanata, Fissurellidea 239 

concatenates, Murex 243 

concava, Tethys 9, 221 

concentriea, Cuna 191, 227 

concinna, Siphonaria 10, 221 

concolor, Patella 246 

Condylocardia 193 

io 193,227 

Condylocardiidae 193 

confusa, Clionella ,. 15, 221 

congener, Minolia 242 

conicus, Vermetus 255 

Conidae 

11 

conoidalis, Harpa 240 

conoidea, Fissurella 239 

consanguinea, Columbella 234 


consobrina, Dosinia 238 

consors, Conus 234 

conspecta, Microsetia 132, 225 

conspersus, Conus 235 

conspicua, Patella 143, 226 

contempta, Sunetta 

251 

contracta, Urosalpinx 255 

contraction, Cerithium 

1 16, 225 

contusa, Ancillaria 

229 

Conus 

! 1 

alfredensis 

13, 221 

algoensis 

14 

altispiratus 

234 

anceps 

234 

aplustre 

234

278 

Conus arachnoideus 

arenatus 

aurora 

INDEX. 

234 

234 

12, 221 

bairstowi 14, 221 

bandanus 

234 

betulinus 

234 

carler 13, 221 

capitaneus 

cey lanensis 

ceylonicus 

consors 

conspersus 

crotchii 

daullei 

dupontii 

elongatus 

eucoronatus 

flavidus 

fulvus 

geographus 

gilchristi 

gilvus 

glans 

gradatulus 

guttatus 

hebraeus 

infrenatus 

234 

234 

234 

234 

234 

14 

234 

234 

234 

234 

234 

235 

235 

235 

235 

235 

235 

13, 221 

235 

14.221 

innexus 

235 

jaspideus 

235 

lamarcki v 235 

lautus 

lavendulus 

235 

12, 22i 

legatus 235 

lineatus 235 

lividus 235 

loveni 235 

miles 235 

miliaris 235 

minimus 235 

mozambicus 235 


nemocanus 235 

nimbosus 235 

obscurus 235 

patens 235 

pauperculus 

.' 

235 

pictus 14, 221 

piperatus 235 

plumbeus 235 

primula 235 

punctatus 235 

queketti 235 

quercinus 235 

rattus 235 

rosaceus 12, 221 

scitulus 235 

simplex 235 

species ? 11, 14, 221 

tessellatus 235 

textile 235 

tinianus 235 

turritus 235 

vermiculatus 235 

verreauxii 235 

vexillum 235 

Page. 

convexa, Kellia 199 

Coralliophila '. 

Rochefortia 199 


61 

fragosa 235 

fritschi 235 

rubrococcinea 61,223 

Coralliophilidae 61 

Corbula cuneata 235 

rugifera 235 

tunicata 235 

cordieri, Petricola 247 

cordiformis, Semele 250 

coriacea, Doris 238 

corneus, Solen 251 

cornu, Lippistes 211 

coronata, Pinaxia 247 

Scalaria 250 

coronatum, Buccinum 231 

Sistrum 250 

eoronatus, Turbo 146 

eorrugata, Psammobia 248 

corrugatus, Phorus 247 

Triphora 253 

Venus 255 

eorusea, Marginella 242 

cosmia, Marginella 37,222 

costata, Cypraea 236 

Gadinia 11, 221 

Mangilia 241 

costatum, Dolium 237 

crassa, Harpa 240 

Rissoina 210 

Crassatella abrupta 235 

acuminata 235 

africana 235 

angulata 235 

crebrilirata 235 


glabrata 236 

subquadrata 236 

tenuis 236 

Crassatellites 191 

acuminata 191, 227 

crassilabrum, Cerithium 117, 225 

Marginella 242 

crassilirata, Mangilia? 27, 221 

craticulatus, Cassis 232 

cratilia, Mitra 243 

crawfordi, Alectrion 51, 222 

Ischnochiton 178, 226 

Rissoa 

Tellina 

249 

252 

Tritonalia 60, 223 

crebrilirata, Crassatella 235 

crebriliratus, Epidromus 239 

crenatus, Mytilus 244 

Crenella 

189 


striatissima 189, 222 

crenifera, Mitra 243 

crenilabrum, Pisania 

crenulata, Mitra 

crenulatus, Fusus 

Crepidula 

247 

243 

239 

136

Crepidula aculeata 136, 225 

adspersa 236 

capensis 236 

complanata 136, 225 

hepatica 136, 225 

lentiginosa 137, 225 

rugulosa 237 

crepidularia, Neritina 245 

cribraria, Cypraea 236 

crispa, Miralda 242 

crossleyae, Calliostoma 231 

crotchii, Conus 14 

cruciata, Fissurella 239 

erucifera, Glyphis 240 

cruenta, Cypraea 236 

crumena, Ranella 249 

Cryotritonium 95 

murrayi 95 

Cryptodon investigatoris 236 

polygonius 236 

subradiatus 236 

Cryptogramma arakauensis 236 

cucullata, Ostrea 246 

Cultellus decipiens 236 

pellucidus 236 

petricola 247 

Cuma concentrica 227 

cumana, Tellina 252 

cumingiana, Modiolaria 243 

cumingii, Tapes 251 

Cuna concentrica 191 

cuneata, Corbula 235 

Modiolaria 189, 227 

curta, Poromya 248 

Cuspidaria forticostata 236 


nasuta 236 

optima 236 

cuspidata, Terebra 252 

cutaceus, Triton 253 

cyaneomaculata, Siphonaria 250 

cyaneopunctatus, J schnochiton 178 

Cyclas capensis 

INDEX. 279 

236 

ferruginea 236 

Cyelostoma ligatura 236 

Cyclostrema 

169 

Cyclostremella 


cingnlifera 

236 

inflata 236 

pellucida 236 

planulata 

236 

rotundata 236 

semiscnlptum 236 

169 


fariea 169, 226 

Cylichna 5 


fragilis 

nitens 

tubulosa 

cylindracea, Bulla 

Mitra 

cylindraceum, Solarium 

236 

236 

5, 221 

231 

243 

251 

Page. 

cylindrica, Atys 243 


Modiola 243 

Cylindrobulla 8 

sculpta 236 


Cymatiidae 92 

Cymatium 93 

africanum 94, 224 

doliarium 93, 224 

klenei 94, 224 

olearium 94, 224 

C ynisca 163 



forticostata 163, 226 

gloriosa 163, 226 

cynocephalum, Triton 253 

Cypraea 96 


angustata 236 

annulus 236 

arabica 236 

barclayi 236 


caput-serpentis 236 

carneola 236 

caurica 236 

citrina 97, 224 

clandestina 236 

costata 236 

cribraria 236 

cruenta 236 

edentula 97, 224 

erosa 236 

felina 236 

fimbriata 97, 224 

ful toni 236 

fuscodentata 236 

helvola 236 

isabelia 236 

lamarckii 236 

listen 236 

lynx 236 

miliaris 236 

minorideus 236 

moneta 236 

nebulosa 236 

neglecta 236 

ocellata 236 

ovula 97, 224 

ovulata 

236 

producta 237 

quadripunctata 237 

similis 97, 224 

species (?) 

97, 224 

staphylaea 

237 

stercus-muscarum 237 

stolida 

sulcata 

tabescens 

tortirostris 

undata 

variolaria 

237 

237 

237 

237 

237 

237

280 

Cypraea vitellus 97, 224 

vitrea 237 

ziczac 237 

Cypraeidae 96 

Cy pricardia angulata 2 37 

Cyrena africana 237 

albida 237 

gaurit ziana 237 

olivaeea 237 

pusilla 237 

radiata 237 

cystiscus, Marginella 242 

Cythara 31 


ima 31, 222 

Cytherea alucinans 237 

compressa 237 

dolabella 237 

hebraea 237 

hepatica 237 

manillae 237 

nucleus 237 

picta 237 

polita 237 

savigny i 237 

subquadrata 237 

transversa 237 

zonaria 237 

dactyliola, Oliva 248 

dactyloides, Tapes 251 

dactylus, Pholas 247 

daedala, Mitra 243 

dalli, Cancellaria 33 

dalliana, Lucina 241 

Daphnella 32 


minuscula 237 

sulcata 32, 222 

daullei, Conus 234 

davidsoni, Agulhasia 229 

deeemcostata, Patella 246 

decipiens, Ancilla 34 

Cultellus 236 

Lotorium 241 

Natica 139, 225 

declivis, Turritella 255 

Venus 255 

decollata, Ceritbium 117 

Littorina 241 

decora, Turbonilla 85, 224 

decurtata, Sphenia 251 

delalandi, Cominella 48 

delesserti, Sigaretus 258 

Delphinula granulosa 237 

dentalis, Dentalium 237 

Dentalium 180 

africanum 237 

belcberi 237 

dentalis 237 

exasperatum 181, 226 

glabrum 237 

inflexum 237 

lessoni 237 

longitrorsum 237 

novemcostatum 237 

politum 237 

INDEX. 

Dentalium regulare 181, 226 

species? 181, 226 

strigatum ISO 

dentatus, Callochiton 231 

dentifera, Perna 247 

depilans, Aplysia 229 

depressus, Trochus 254 

deshayesiana, Vanikoro 255 

deshayesii, Tapes 251 

Desmoulea 52 

abbreviata 52, 223 

retusa 52, 222 

desmoulioides, Nassa 244 

despecta, Phacoides 195, 227 

destituta, Chaetopleura 233 

diadochus, Marginella ". 242 

Diala 122 

africana 122,225 

almo 123,225 


dubia 122, 225 

infrasulcata 122, 225 

dialeucum, Cerithium 232 

Diaulula capensis 237 

morosa 237 

Pibranchiata 2 

didyma, Natica 244 

differens, Marginella 40, 222 

digitalis, Bullia 55, 223 

Digitaria 194 


dilecta, Eulima 238 

Margarita 242 


diluta, Bullia 55, 223 

dimidiata, Ancilla 229 

Terebra 252 

dina, Mangilia 23, 221 

Dinoplax 179 


fossus 179, 226 

gigas 179,226 

Dione floridella 237 

Piphyllidia lineata 237 

IMplodonta 195 


almo 195,227 

Diplodontidae 195 

Discopsis 171 



planulata 171,226 


discors, Mytilus 244 

disculus, Turbonilla 255 

dispar, Tellina 252 

disrupta, Paphia 204, 222 

Tapes 255 

dissimilis, Pandora 246 

distincta, Melanella 67, 223 

distorta, Eulima 23S 

divaricata, Area 230 

Circe 

233 

diversa, Drillia 21,221 

Terebra 11 

D ocomphala 

16

INDEX. 

Dolabella rumphii 

scopula 

dolabella, Cytherea 

dolabratus, Trochus 

Dolabrifera triangularis 

doliarium,Cymatium 

Doliidae 

Dolium 

costatum 

dunkeri 

favannii 

flmbriatum ; 

luteostoma 

natalensis 

procellarum 

variegatum 

domingensis, Area 

Donacidae 

donacioides, Psammotaea 

-. 

Donax 

aemulus 

aurantiaca 

bertini 

bipartitus 

burnupi 

elongata 

erythraensis 

exarata 

faba 

- 

lubrica 

madagascariensis 

nitida 

oweni 

ringens 

sernisulcata 

serra 

simplex 

sordida 

spiculum 

Dono vania 

stimpsoni 

Doridium capense 

Doriopsilla capensis 

Doriopsis caesia 

callosa 

capensis 

Doris coriacea 

glabella 

natalensis 

perplexa 

pseudida 

dorsuosum, Solarium 

Dosinia 

consobrina 

hepatica 

lamellata 

lincta 

pubescens 

'_ 

* 

- 

237 Drillia halidoma 

237 

hottentota 

lara ^254 

layardi 

237 

nivosa 

93,224 

praetermissa 

96 rousi 

, 

rugisculpta 

237 

signa 

96 224 

species ? 

- 

subcontracta 

23: 

237 

thetis 

237 dubia, Diala 

238 

Fissurella 

238 

Purpura 

238 ducalis, Margmella 

230 

Spondylus 

207 dunkeri, Bucciuum 

21 221 

' 

177,226 

cantharus 

diversa 

- 

21,2il 

Clionella 

Fissuridea 

Mangilia 

elizabethensis, 

16 

177, 226 

242 

Ischnochiton 

elongata, Bulla 

Cominella 

Donax 

Leucotina 

Mytilus 

Phasianella 

Scintilla 

Tethys 

240 

231 

48 222 

- 

238 

240 

244 

145,226 

^° 

253 

Tridacna 

•*** 

281 

1

282 

elongatum, Sistrum 

Triton 

elongatus, Conus 

elsa, Rochefortia 

Triphoris 

Elusa natalensis 

encausticum, Triton 

Engina astricta 

natalensis 

INDEX. 

250 

253 

234 

200, 227 

101, 224 

238 

253 

238 

238 

enora, Rochefortia 

200, 227 

ephippium, Anomia 

187, 227 

Epidromus crebriliratus 

238 

epignus, Marginella 

242 

episcopalis, Mitra 

243 

Epitonium 

62 

africanum 62, 223 

Erato guttula 

sulcifera 

erna, Cerithiopsis 

Turbonilla 

erosa, Cypraea 

Erviiia bisculpta 

Erycina 

aglaia 

63, 223 

durbanense 

63, 223 

lacteum 63, 223 

macromphalus 

238 

shepstonense 

238 

species ? 

62, 223 

tenebrosum 63, 223 

scaliola 

alfredensis 

carifa 

firmata 

ima 

rifaca 

species ? 

subradiata 

238 

238 

110, 225 

75, 224 

236 

238 

238 

196 

197, 227 

197, 227 

196 

197,227 

198,227 

198,227 

197 

erythraeensis, Area 230 

erythraensis, Donax 238 

Ethalia africana 

Euchelus 

". 238 

163 

natalensis 163, 226 

quadricarinatus 238 

euchroa, Pleurophyllidia 248 

eucoronatus, Cassis 234 

eucosmia, Calliostoma 161, 226 

MangOia 28, 222 


Rissoina 131,225 

euelpis, Chromodoras 233 

euglyptus,Ziziphinus 255 

Eugyrina 93 

gemnifera 93, 224 

lepta 93, 224 

Eulima atlantica 238 

cifara 223 

dilecta 238 

distorta 238 

irafca 223 

langleyi 238 

leptostoma 238 

munda 238 


Eulima solida 238 

translueida 238 

Eulimella nivea 73 

Eulimidae 65 

Eumeta bia 1 16, 225 

Euplocamus capensis 239 

eusiphonata, Aplysia 229 

eusulcata, Nassa 244 

Euthria 50 

eburnea 239 

filmerae 239 

fuscotincta 50, 222 

lacertina 239 

magellani 239 

ponsonbyi 50, 222 

pura 239 

queketti 239 

simoniana 239 


eu?onata, Mitra 44,222 

Evalea 89 

evoluta, Terebra 252 

exarata, Donax 238 

Patella 246 

exaratus, Triton 253 

exasperata, Lucina 241 

Mitra 243 

exasperatum, Dentalium 181, 226 

excavata, Turritella 255 

exculta, Tellina 252 

exigua, Ianthina 65, 223 

exquisita, Cerithiopsis 110, 225 

exuvia, Nerita 245 

faba, Donax 238 

fabula, Tellina 252 

facira, Vitrinella 168, 226 

falcata, Pholas 247 

fallax, Marginella 40, 222 

Murex 243 

farica, Bornia 198, 227 

Cyclostremella 169, 226 



farma, Rochefortia 201, 227 

farquhari, Alvania 128, 225 

Calliostoma 231 

Rissoa 249 

fasciata, Ancilla 35,222 

Assiminea 136, 225 

Nerita 245 

Patella 

246 

fasciatum, Cardium 232 

Fasciolaria 

Fasciolariidae 


badia 

46 

239 

filamentosa 239 

heynemanni 222, 240 

fastigiata, Puncturella 

lugubris 240 

rutila 222,240 

species? , 46, 222 

46 

248 

favannii, Dolium 237 

Felaniella 195

INDEX. 283 

Page. 

Felaniella alfredensis 195, 227 

felina, Cypraea 236 

Fenella 134 

almo 134, 225 

cerithina 239 

fulgida 239 


fenestrata, Alvania 129, 225 

Nassa 244 

Peristernia 247 

ferruginea, Cyclas 236 

festiva, Voluta 255 

ficara, Odostomia 88, 224 

Vitrinella 167,226 

ficoides, Pyrida 249 

fictilis, Terebra 252 

Triton 253 

flcus, Bulla 251 

figlina, Psammobia 248 

filamentosa, Fasciolaria 239 

filmerae, Columbella 234 

Euthria 239 

Nassa 244 

Terebra 252 

fllosa, Nassa 244 

fimbriata, C ypraea 97, 224 


nmbriatum, Dolium 237 

flrmata, Erycina 196 

firmatus, Lepton 196 

riscellum, Purpura 249 


australis 239 

caflra 239 

conoidea 239 

cruciata 239 

dubia 239 

fimbriata 239 

fumata 239 

incarnata 239 

mutabilis 176,226 


neglecta 239 

nubecula 239 

obtusa 239 

robusta 239 

rota 239 

sagittata 239 

scutella 239 

sieboldi 239 

similis 239 

trapezina 239 

Fissurellidae 176 

concatanata 239 

hiantula 239 

Fissuridea 177 

Fistulana gregata 

flabellum, Avicula 

australis 177, 226 

calyculata 177,226 

elevata 177, 226 

elizabethae 177, 226 

parviforata 177, 226 

spreta 177, 226 

239 

230 

flaccida, Sapicava 253 

flammea, Mitra 243 

flammeus, Voluta 255 

flammigera, Mitra 243 

flavidus, Conus 234 

flavum, Buccinum 231 

floccata, Columbella 234 


floridella, Dione 237 

floridus, Strombus 251 

forata, Natica 138, 225 

formosa, Trivia 98, 224 

forticostata, Cuspidaria 236 

Cynisca 1G3, 226 

fortidentata, Boraia 198, 227 

Fossarus capensis 239 

fossata, Pleurotoma 248 

Fossularca 182 

gibba 182, 227 

gradata 182, 227 

fossus, Dinoplax 179, 226 

foveolata, Cancellaria 33, 222 

foveolatum, Cerithium 232 

fragilis, Cylichna 236 

Ianthina 65, 223 

Lucina 241 

Pholas 247 

Scalaria 250 

fragosa, Coralliophila 235 

fritschi, Coralliophila 235 

fucata, Gibbula 155, 226 


Scalaria 250 

fulgens, Gibbula 154 

Haira 166, 226 

Liotia 166 

fulgida, Fenella 239 

Fulgur africanus 239 

fulgura, Gibbula 240 

fulgurans, Pleurotoma 248 

fulrninea, Columbella 57 

fultoni, Chlamys 233 

Cypraea 236 

Tunis 18, 221 

Fulvia 202 

fulvus, Conus 235 

fumata, Fissurella 239 

fusca, Turbonilla 255 

fuscescens, Mitra 243 


fuscocrenulata, Glyphis 240 

fuscodentata, Cypraea 236 

fuscomaculata, Solariella 161, 226 


fuscotincta, Euthria 50,222 

Fusidae 

47 

fusiformis, Marginella 242 

Strombus 251 

Fusinus cingulatus 

47,222 

ocelliferus 

rubrolineatus 

Fusus capensis 

clausicaudatus 

crenulatus 

47, 222 

47 

239 

239 

239

284 INDEX. 

Page. 

Fusus lineolatus 239 

mandarinus 239 

pyrrhostoma 239 

radialis 239 

robustior 239 

scrobiculatus 239 

subcontracts 239 

sulcata 239 

toreuma 239 

Gadinia 11 

afra ' 239 

costata 11 , 221 

Gadiniidae 11 

Galeommatidae 196 

gallinago, Triton 253 

gargantua, Aplysia 229 

garnoti, Acanthochites 180, 226 

Gastrana 207 

abildgaardiana 207,228 

Gastrochaena 210 

species? 210, 228 

Gastrochaenidae 210 

Gastropoda 3 

gaudiosa, Gibbula 156, 226 

Nassa 244 

gauritziana, Cyrena 237 

gea, Odostomia 90,224 

Geitodoris capensis 239 

geminata, Terebra 252 

gemmatus, Triton 253 

gemmula, Turbonilla 75,224 

gemmulata, Nassa 244 

Nuculana 245 

gemnifera, Eugyrina 93,224 

genuanus, Natica 244 

geographica, Venus 255 

geographus, Conus 235 

gibba, Fossularca 182, 227 

gibberulus, Strombus 251 

Gibbula 153 

aglaia 158 

armillata 239 

articulata 155,226 

beckeri 239 

benzi 158, 226 

biporcata 240 

calyculata 240 

capensis 158 

cicer 156, 226 

fucata 155, 226 

fulgens 154 

fulgura 240 

gaudiosa 156, 226 

hera 157 

incincta 240 

loculosa 153 

medusa r. 159 

multicolor 158, 226 

musiva 156 

perspectiva 240 

pintado 160 

rifaca 160, 226 

thalia 157, 226 

townsendi 240 

tryoni 159,226 

zonata 160,226 

gigas, Dinoplax 179,226 

gilchristi, Aplysia 230 

Astralium 230 

Cardium 232 

Chlamys 233 

Conus 235 


Cuspidaria 236 

Neptuneopsis 245 

Pleurophyllidia 248 


Poromya 248 

Tellina 252 

Volutilithes 255 

gilvus, Conus 235 

gisna, Mangilia 24, 221 

Microsetia 132, 225 

glabella, Doris 238 

glabrata, Crassatella 236 

Littorina 241 

Mactra 241 

glabratum, Caecum 117,225 

glabrum, Dentalium 237 

glandiformis, Cominella 234 

glans, Conus 235 

glaucum, Buccinum 231 

globosa, Ianthina 65, 223 

Lucina 194, 227 

globulosa, Cavolina 3, 221 

globulus, Xancus 42 

gloriosa, Cynisca 1(>3,226 

Glycimeris 181 

queketti 181, 227 

Glyphis crucifera 240 

fuscocrenulata 240 

levicostata 240 

parviforata 226 

spreta 226 

gouldi, Solen 251 

gracije, Lotorium 241 

gracilis, Acrilla 229 

Haminea 240 

Nassaria 244 

gracilimus, Radius 249 

gradata, Fossularca 182, 227 

gradatulus, Conus 235 

graeca, Patella 246 

granatina, Patella 141,226 

granifera, Ranella 249 

granoliratum, Calliostoma 231 

granosa, Archidoris 230 

granosissima, Poromya 248 

granulans, Patella 142, 226 

granulata, Hipponyx 240 

Purpura 249 

granulatus, Chiton 233 

Pleurobranchus 241 

granulosa, Delphinula 237 

Graphis 64 


gravis, Pleurotoma 248 

grayi, Lippistes 166,226 


Separatista 250 

Terebra 252 

gregata, Fistulana 239

INDEX. 285 

Page. 

gryphina, Chama 194, 227 

gryphoides, Chama 233 

gueriniana, Vanikoro 255 

guttatus, Conns 13, 221 

guttula, Erato 238 

Gymnoplax anaglyptus 240 

menlanotrephus 240 

halia, Microsetia 132, 225 

halidoma, Drillia 23 

Haliotidae 174 

Haliotis 174 


midae 174,226 

parva 175,226 

pertusa 175 

queketti 240 

sanguinea 175, 226 

haliplex, Clavatula 19, 221 

halistrepta, Clavatula 19,221 

Haminea 6 


gracilis 240 

subcylindrica 240 

hanleyanus, Trochus 254 

Harpa conoidalis 240 

crassa 240 

ventricosa 240 

hasta, Ancilla 229 

hebraea, Cytherea 237 

hebraeus, Conus 235 

Helcion 144 

pectinatus 144, 226 

helena, C lavatula 20, 221 

Mitra 43 

Rochefortia 201, 227 



helga, Mangilia 26, 221 

Microsetia 133, 225 

Heliacus 123 

africanus 123, 225 

luteus. 124 


helicoidea, Trochita 136, 225 

Helix perspicua 240 

helvola, Cy praea 236 

Hemisepius ty picus 240 

henicus, Turbo 254 

hepatica, Crepidula 136, 225 

Cytherea 237 

Dosinia 202, 227 

heptagonalis, Purpura 249 

hera, Gibbula 157 


herilda, Mangilia 28, 222 

heynemanni, Fasciolaria 222 

hiantula, Fissurellidea 239 

hierredda, Sepia 250 

Hipponyx acuta 240 

australis 240 

barbata 240 

granulata 240 

Hochstetteria 184 


limoides 184, 227 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 20 

Hochstetteria paranioen 184, 227 

velaini 184, 227 

hofmani, Turbonilla 255 

horridum, Buccinum 231 

horridus, Polypus 248 

hottentota, Drillia 21,221 

humerosa, Mangilia 30,222 

humilis, Chlamys 233 

Hyalaea 240 

limbata 240 

truncata 240 

uncinata 240 

hybridus, Trochus 254 

Hydatina 8 

circulata 240 

physis 8,221 

undata 240 

Hydatinidae 8 

Iacra seychellarum 240 

Ianthina 65 

balteata 240 

communis 65,224 

exigua 65, 223 

fragilis 65, 223 

globosa 65,223 

nitens 240 

pallida 240 

prolongata 240 

trochoidea 65, 223 

umbilicata 240 

Ianthinidae 65 

icafra, Melanella 66,223 


Idaliella amoeenula 240 

Ilaira 166 

fulgens 166,226 

ima, Al vania 129, 225 

Cythara 31,222 

Erycina 197, 227 

Mitra 44,222 

Modiolaria 190,227 


Triphoris 108,225 

imbricata, Area 230 

Cancellaria 232 

Imbricatum, Scutum 250 

imbricatus, Latirus 240 

Parmophorus 246 

impages, Clavatula 234 

imperforata, Natica 137, 225 

impervius, Trochus 254 

inaequalis, Pectunculus 247 

inaequisculpta, Cerithium 232 

inaequivalvis, Area 230 

incarnata, Fissurella 239 

Turbinella 254 

incincta, Gibbula 240 

inclinata, Pleurotoma 248 

Tellina 252 

inconspicua, Marginella 242 

incrassata, Nassa 244 

indecora, Tritonia 252 

indecorus, Trochus 254 

indica, Umbrella 255 

indicus, Chiton 233

286 

inflata, Area 

230 

Cyclostrema 

236 

inflexum, Dentalium 237 

infrasulcata, Diala 122, 225 

infrenatus, Conus 144, 221 

infundibulum, Solariella 251 

ingloria, Marginella 

242 

innexus, Conus 235 

insculpta, Tritonidea 49, 222 

insecta, Trivia 254 

insignis, Cerithiopsis 

232 

Clistoconcha 191,227 

Schismope 170,226 

Trophon 60,223 

intercostalis, Turbo 254 

interlirata, Mitra 243 

intermedia, Littorina 241 

Lutraria 241 

interrupta, Marginella 242 

Niso 245 

intersculpta, Venus 255 

intinctum, Cominella 234 

investigatoris, Cryptodon 236 

io, Columbella 57,223 

Condylocardia 193, 227 

Rochefortia 201, 227 

iostoma, Chama 233 

iota, Melanella 67, 223 

irafca, Melanella 69, 223 


iridescens, Calliostoma 231 

Iridina wahlbergi 240 

irma, Microsetia 133, 225 

irregularis, Nucula 245 

isabella, Cypraea 236 

Ischnochiton 178 

crawfordi 178, 226 

cyaneopunctatus 178 

elizabethensis 240 

lentiginosus 240 

oniscus.. 178,226 

tigrinus 179,226 

Ischnochitonidae 178 

isipingoensis, Onithochiton 246 

ispidula, Voluta 255 

Janus capensis 240 

japonica, Siliqua 250 

jaspideus, Conus 235 

Jefireysia 134 

caflra 134, 225 


Jeffreysiidae 134 

jousseaumei, Sepia. 250 

jucunda, Scissurella 175, 226 

jukesiana, Scalaria. 250 

Kalinga ornata 240 

keenii, Marginella 36, 222 

Kellia convexa 199 

macandrewi 240 

mactroides 240 


Kelliellidae 202 

kieneri, Tritonalia 60,223 

kitchingi, Columbella 234 

klenei, Cymatium 94,224 

INDEX. 

Page. 

knysnaensis, Littorina 120, 225 

Paludina 246 


kochi, Tapes 251 

kochiana, Alectrion 51,222 

Argonauta 230 

kochii, Cerithium 232 

Phasianella 144,226 

kowiensis, Mitra 44, 222 

Trophon 59,223 

Turritella 119,225 

kraussi, Clionella 221 

Columbella 57,223 

Natica 244 

Phasianella 247 

Trochus 254 

TurbonOla 75,224 

kraussiana, Alectrion 52, 222 

kraussii, Area 230 

Auricula 230 

Clioneila 14 

Columbella 235 


Tapes 251 

Tichogonia 253 

kusteri, Auricula 230 

labeculatus, Chiton 233 

labio, Trochus 254 

labiosus, Triton 253 

labrosa, Marginella 242 

lacerata, Ostrea 246 

lacertina, Euthria 239 

laceyi, Clanculus 234 

lactea, Area 230 

Chemnitzia 233 


Lucina 241 

Scalaria 250 

lacteum, Cerithium 232 

Epitonium 63, 223 

lacteus, Turbo 254 

laevigata, Terebra 253 

laevigatum, Buccinum 231 

Solarium 251 

laevigatus, Phos 247 

laevis, Littorina 

241 

laevissima, Bullia 56, 223 

Trochus 254 

laevocostata, Turbonilla 76, 224 

lagenaria, Cominella 48, 222 

laguncula, Volvatella 8, 221 

lajonkairi, Venerupis 255 

lamarcki, Conus 235 

Natica 244 

lamarckii, Cypraea 236 

Strombus 251 

Lamellaria 

137 

rnauritiana 

240 

perspicua 

Lamellariidae 

lamellata, Dosinia 

Nuculana 

lamellosa, Cancellaria 

Ranella 

lampas, Triton 

137 

137 

238 

245 

232 

249 

253

Lampusia murray i 240 

langleyi, Columbella 234 


lapillus, Purpura 249 

lara, Bullia 53, 223 


Lasea 201 


Latiaxis 61 

rosaceus 61, 223 

tortilis 240 

laticostata, Cardita 192, 227 

latilirata, Venus 255 

Latirus 46 

abnonnis 210 

alboapicata 240 

. bairstowi 47, 222 

imbricatus 240 

rousi 46, 222 

latruncularia, Mitra 44 , 222 

lautus, Conus 235 

lavendulus, Conus 12, 221 

lavertinae, Odostomia 89, 221 

layardi, Calliostoma 231 


Venus 255 

legatus, Conus 235 

legumon, Malleus 241 

Solen 251 

lentiginosa, Crepidula 137, 225 

Nassa 244 

Ostrea 246 

lent iginosus, Ischnochiton 240 

Strombus 251 

lepta, Eugyrina 93, 224 


leptalea, Columbella 234 

leptoeoncha, Marsenia 242 

Leptogyra 173 


Lepton firmatus 196 

Leptonidao 196 

leptostoma, Eulima 238 

Leptothyra 146 

africana : 147,226 


carminea 148, 226 

quantilla 1 IS. 226 

spuria 146 

lessoni, Dentalium 237 

leucostoma, Ranella 249 

Leucotina elongata 240 


levicostata, Glyphis 240 

levior, Tellina 252 

Libitina angulata 240 

ligata, Vanikoro 255 

ligatura, Cyclostoma 236 

lightfooti, Columbella 56, 223 

Terebra 253 

lignaria, Pleurotoma 248 

lignea, Modiola 189, 227 

ligula, Columbella 234 

Lima 1S6 


multicostata 

IlNDEX. 287 

240 

Page. 

Lima perfecta 186,227 

rotunda! a 186,227 

species? 187, 227 

squamosa 240 

tenera 240 

lima, Cardium 232 

limatula, Pecten 247 

limbata, Hyalaea 240 

limbifera, Mitra 243 

limbosa, Cominclla 43 

Limidae ig6 

limoides, Hochstetteria 184, 227 

Limopsidae isi 

Limopsis igi 


pumilis 181,227 

lincta, Dosinia 238 

lineata, Chromodoris 233 

Diphyllidia 237 

Pyrula 249 

lineato-labrum , Marginella 242 

lineatus, Buccinum 231 

Conus 235 

lineolala, Ancilla 229 


Siphonaria 10,222 

lineolatus, Fusus 239 

Liotia bicarinata 241 

fulgens 166 

pulcherrima 241 

Liotiidae 166 

Lippistes 166 

comu 241 

grayi 166, 226 

lirata, Cerithiopsis 232 

Saxicava 210, 22S 

liratula, Lucina 241 

listen', Cypraea 236 

Nerita 245 

Venus 255 

literatus, Chiton 233 

Litiopidae 121 

litoralis, Tellina 252 

litterata, Mitra 243 

littoralis, Macoma 228 

Metis 206 

Littorina 119 


ahenea 1 20, 225 

aspera 241 

decollata 241 

glabrata 241 

intermedia 241 

knysnaensis 120, 225 

laevis 241 


newcombi 241 

pintado 241 

punctata 241 

tryphena 120, 223 

ziczac 241 

Littorinidae 119 

livida, Auricula 230 

Ranella 249 

Terebra 253 

lividum, Sistrum 250 

lividus, Conus 235

288 

lobata, Aplysia 

Pleurotoma 

loculosa, Gibbula 

loisae, Terebra 

Loligo burnupi 

reynaudi 

INDEX. 

230 

248 

153 

253 

241 

241 

longicosta, Patella 141 , 226 

longirostris, Cavolina 

longiscata, Terebra 

3, 221 

253 

longitrorsum, Dentalium 237 

Loripes 

clausus 

194 

194,227 

rosacea - - - 241 

Lotorium cingulatum 

241 

decipiens 

durbanense 

gracile 

nassariforme 

241 

241 

241 

241 

ranelloides 

241 

loveni, Conus 

235 

lowii, Paraplysia 

246 

lubrica, Donax 

238 

lucida, Auriculina 

230 

Marginella 

242 


Trlopa 

253 

lucidum, Teinostoma 

252 

Lucina 

194 

columbella 

241 

Lucinidae 

dalliana 

exasperata 

fragilis 

globosa 

lactea 

liratula 

pecten 

quadrisulcata 

luctuosa, Mitra 

ludwigi, Trochus 

241 

241 

241 

194,227 

243 

243 

213 

243 

194 

243 

254 

ludwigli, Tellina 252 

lugubris, Fasciolaria 

lunulata, Psammotaea 

Luponia castanea 

lurida, Natica 

luteostoma, Dolium 

Purpura 

luteus, Heliacus 

Lutraria 

capensis 

intermedia 

oblonga 

lynx, Cypraea 

Lyonsia 

species? 

Lyonsidae 

lyratus, Chiton 

macandreae, Mormula 

macandrewi, Kellia 

239 

248 

241 

244 

237 

249 

124 

210 

210,228 

241 

241 

236 

191 

191,227 

191 

233 

243 

240 

Oniscia 

246 

Terebra 253 

macgillivrayi, Chiton 233 

Macoma 206 


littoralis 206,228 

retrorsa 241 

macromphalus, Epitonium 238 

Macroschisma compressa 241 

producta 241 

Mactra 209 

achatina 244 

adansoni 209,228 

aequisulcata 209 


australis 241 

capensis 241 

glabrata 241 

ovalina 241 

polita 241 

Mactridae 208 

mactroides, Kellia 240 

maculata, Patella 246 

Tethys 9, 221 

madagascariensis, Donax 238 

madida, Pinna 247 

madria, Triphoris 105,224 

magellani, Euthria 239 

magellanicus, Mytilus 244 

magniflca, Subeulima 70,223 

maia, Turbonilla 80,224 

major, Sep ioteuthis 250 

Malleus legumen 241 

tigrinis 

241 

malonei, Venus 255 

mamilla, Natica 

245 

mancinella, Purpura 249 

mandarinus, Fusus 239 

Mangilia 23 

africana 

241 

amplexa 30, 222 

arata 

beckeri 

241 

benjamini 26 


casta 

cerea 

27 

241 

241 

clathrata 

241 

consanguinea 25, 221 

costata 

241 

crassilirata 27,221 

dina 23,221 

elizabethae 

242 


grayi 29, 222 

gisna 24, 221 

helga ". 26, 221 

herilda 28, 222 

humerosa 30, 222 

nisga 25, 221 

nympha 29, 222 

ponsonbyi 31 , 222 

shepstonensis 

siren 

242 

31,222 

species ? 29, 30, 31 , 222 

striolata 

verrucosa 

242 

24, 221 

matiillae, Cytherea 237 

Margarita articulata 155 

dilecta 

pintado 

242 

160 

Margaritifera vulgaris 242 

margaritifera, Nassa 244

Margaritiphora 185 



marginatrum, Purpura 249 

marginatus, Chiton 251 

Solen 251 

Marginella 35 

albanyana 242 

albocincta 36, 222 

alfredensis 41 , 222 


almo 41, 222 

angustata 242 

bairstowi 36, 222 

bensoni 242 

bilineata 38, 222 

biplicata 242 

bulbosa 222 

burnupi 40, 222 

capensis 38 

chrysea 242 

cinera 242 

cleo 39, 222 

corusca 242 

cosmia 37, 222 

crassilabrum 242 

cylindrica 40, 222 

cystiscus 242 

diadochus 242 

differens 40, 222 

dulcis 40, 222 

dunkeri 242 

electrina 242 

epignus 242 


fallax 40, 222 

floceata 242 

fusiformis 242 

inconspicua 242 

ingloria 242 

interrupta 242 

keenii 36, 222 

labrosa 242 

lepta 40, 222 

lineato-labrum 242 

lineolata 36, 222 

lucida 242 

metcalfei 242 

mosaica 36, 222 

multizonata 242 

munda 38, 222 

neglecta 39, 222 

newcombi 242 

ornata 36, 222 

paxillus 242 

pellicula 242 

perminima 242 

piperita 36, 222 

ponsonbyi 242 

poucheti 242 

pseustes 

242 

puella 38 

punctilineata 36, 222 

pyrum 35,222 

quadrifasciata 

242 

INDEX. 289 

Marginella reevei 242 

ros 242 

rosea 36, 222 

rufula 242 

savignyi 242 

seminula 242 


species ? 36,37,38,41,42,222 

turtoni 39) 222 

zeyheri 42, 222 

zonata 38, 222 

Marginellidae 35 

marginulatum, Buccinum 231 

marmorata, Ancilla 35, 222 

Aplysia 230 

Modiolaria 243 


marmoratum, Buccinum 231 

marochiensis, Natica 245 

Marsenia capensis 242 

leptoconcha 242 

Marsupina 92 

mauritiana, Bullia 231 

Lamellaria 240 

mauritianus, Strombus 251 

maxima, Megalocranchia 242 

maximum, Solarium 251 

mediolaevis, Bullia 231 

mediterraneum, Cerithium 232 

medusa, Gibbula 159 

Megalocranchia maxima 242 

Megatebennus sella 242 

Melampus 10 

Melanella 

acinoides 10, 221 

species ? 10, 221 

acrifa 68, 223 



asser 68, 223 

carifa 

cifara 

65 

65,223 

dilecta 65, 223 

distincta 67, 223 

farica 

69 

67,223 

icafra 66, 223 

iota 

irafca 

langleyi 

simplex 

species ? 

67, 223 

69,223 

67,223 

65, 223 

69, 223 

thalia 68, 223 

Melania nitida 

242 

melanopus, Pleurobranchaea 

247 

melanostoma, Nerita 

245 

melanotrephus, Gymnoplax 

240 

Melapium 

62 

bulbosum 

62, 223 

elatum 

242 

Melibe rosea 

242 

mendicaria, Columbella 

Menestho 

mercatoria, Columbella— 

234 

87 

234 

meridionalis, Mytilus. 

188, 227

290 

Pago. 

meridionalis, Tornatina 257 

merula, Mitra 45, 222 

Oxystele , . 151, 226 

meruloides, Clanculus 151 

metcalfei, Marginella 242 

Metis 

INDEX. 

206 

orbicularis 206, 228 

meyendorfn, Pseudomurex 218 

micans, Voluta 255 

microdonta, Pleurophyllidia 

Microsetia 

Microtralia 

248 

132 

conspecta 132, 225 

gisna 132, 225 

halia 132, 225 

helga 133,225 

irma 133, 225 

species ? 10, 221 

midae, Haliotis 174, 220 

milda, Rochefortia 200,227 


miles, Conus 235 

miliaris, Conus 235 

Cypraea 23G 

millecostata, Scala 250 

mindorensis, Sphenia 251 

miniata, Patella 143,226 

miniatus. Clanculus 150, 226 

minimus, Conus 235 

Miodontiscus 193, 227 

Minolia congener 

242 

minor, Pyramidella 74, 223 

Tritonidea 254 

minoridens, Cypraea 236 

minuscula, Daphnella 237 

minutus, Turbo 254 

Miodontiscus 193 

mirabilis, Chromodoridella 233 

Miralda 87 

Mitra 

crispa 

10 

242 

aerumnosa 243 

alauda 243 

bathyraphe 43, 222 

bovei 243 

cadaverosa 243 

canaliculata 43, 222 


carbonacea 243 

carifa 44 

chiensis 243 

circula 243 

cratil ia 243 

crenifera 243 

crenulata 243 

cylindracea 243 

daedala 243 

episcopalis 243 

euzonata 44, 222 

exasperata 243 

flammea 243 

flammigera 243 

fuscescens 243 

helena 43 

ima 44,222 

interlirata 243 

43 

Page. 

Mitra kowiensis 44, 222 

latruncularia 44, 222 

limbifera 243 

litterata 243 

luctuosa 243 

merula 45, 222 

obelLscus 243 

patula 45, 222 

paupercula 243 

pecta 243 

pica 243 

picta 45, 222 

pretiosa 243 

punctostriata 243 

rufescens 243 

sehroeteri 243 

simplex 45 

species ? 45,46,222 

texturata 243 

zephyrina 243 

mitraeformis, Murex 243 

Voluta 255 

mitralis, Pyramidella 249 

Mitridae 43 

mitriformis, Zofra 255 

Mitromorpha 46 

volva 46, 222 

mixtus, Clanculus 234 

Modiola 188 

auriculata 1S9, 227 


cylindrica 243 

elegans 243 

lignea 189, 227 

mucronata 243 

petagnae 243 

rhomboidea 243 

tenerrima 188,227 

Modiolaria 189 


cumingiana 243 

cuneata 189, 227 

ima 

'. 

190,227 

marmorata 243 

modiolus, Area 230 

moneta, Cypraea 236 

Monilea spuria 

146 

monilifer, Triton 253 

monilifera, Pleurotoma 248 

moniliferum, Cerithium 232 

monilis, Terebra 253 

monochroa, Aplysia 230 

Monodonta australis 243 

Monoptygma casta 243 

Montacuta capensis 243 


montrouzieri, Ancilla 229 

morbida, Patella 246 

Mormula 84 

macandreae 243 

rissoina 

243 

morosa, Diaulula 237 

morus, Ricinula 249 

mosaica, Marginella 36, 222 

mozambicus, Conus 235 

mucronata, Modiola 243

multicolor, Gibbula 158,226 

multieostata, Lima 240 

multilirata, Cominella 47 

multiliratum, Ziziphinus 255 

multizonata, Marginella 242 

munda, Eulima 238 


Murex 59 


axicornis 243 

banksii 243 

brevispina 243 

capensis 243 

concatenates 243 

dunkeri 243 

fallax 243 

mitraeformis 243 

polygonum 243 

ramosus 244 

ricinus 244 

septangularis 244 

trapezium 244 

trivialis 244 

tubereularis 244 

tuberculatum 244 

turbinellus 244 

uncinarius 59, 223 

undatum 244 

wahlbergi 24 

Muricidae 59 

murray i, Cryotritonium 95 

Lampusia 240 

musiva, Gibbula 156 

mutabilis, Fissurella 176,226 

muticus, Ricinula 249 

Mya suborbicularis 244 

myristica, Nassa 244 

Mytilidae 188 

Mytilus 1 88 

afer 244 

capensis 244 

crenatus 244 

discors 244 

elongata 244 

magellanicus 244 

meridionalis 188, 227 

nicobaricus 244 

perna 188, 227 

semlstriata 244 

striata 188, 227 

trigonia 188, 227 

variabilis 188, 227 

nana, Oliva 246 

napus, Natica 139, 228 

Nassa algida 244 

analogica 244 

bicallosa 244 

circumtexta 244 

coccinea 244 

desmoulioides 244 

elata 244 

eusulcata 244 

fenestrata 244 

fllmerae 244 

fllosa 244 

gaudiosa 244 

1 

INDEX. 291 

Page. 

Nassa gemmulata 244 

incrassata 244 

lentiginosa 244 

margaritifera 244 

myristica 244 


plicatella 244 

poecilosticta 51 

producta 244 

pulchella 244 

serotina 244 

spurca 244 

sulcifcra 244 

trifasciata 244 

turbinea 244 

Nassaria gracilis 244 

nassariforme, Lotorium 241 

nassatula, Turbinolla 254 

nasuta, Cuspidaria 236 

natalense, Cardium 232 

natalensis, Area 230 

Bulla 231 

Bullia 55 

Cerithiopsis 232 

Cerithium 232 

Chlarnys 233 

Conus 235 

Dolium 238 

Doris 238 

Elusa 238 

Engina 238 

Euchelus 163 

Eulima 238 

Fenella 239 

Fissurella 176,226 

Kellia 240 

Leucotina 240 

Liniopsis 241 

Littorina 241 

Margaritiphora 185 

Montacuta 243 

Nassa 244 

Neritina 245 

Ocinebra 245 

O xynoe 9,221 

Panopea 246 

Papyridea 202, 227 

Patella 246 

Pecten 186, 227 

Pinna 247 

Pleurophyllidia 248 

Rochefortia 200,227 

Siphonaria 250 

Sphenia 251 

Tectarius 120 


Terebra 252 

Thylacodes 253 

Tivela 253 

Tritonidea 254 

Turbo 146, 226 


Natica 137 



areolata 244

292 

Natica burnupi 

cancellata 

decipiens 

didyma 

forata 

genuanus 

INDEX. 

244 

244 

139,223 

244 

138, 225 

244 

imperforata 

137, 225 

kraussi 

244 

lamarcki 

244 

lurida 

244 

mamilla 245 

marochiensis 

245 

napus 139,225 

nemo 139, 225 

psila 

pygmaea 

queketti 

sagraiana 

saldontiana 

sebae 

simplex 

245 

245 

139 

245 

140 

245 

245 

species ? 137, 140, 225 

stimpsoni 

taeniata 

zanzibarica 

Naticidae 

navicularis, Area 

Neaera capensis 

137 

245 

245 

137 

230 

245 

nebulosa, Cypraea 236 

Terebra 253 

nebulosus, Vermetus 255 

neglecta, Certhiopsis 

232 

Cypraea 236 

Flssurella 239 


Nembrotha capensis 245 

nemo, Alvania 127, 225 

Natica 139,225 

nemocanus, Conus 235 

Neocardia angulata 

245 

Nepionic shells 95, 174, 226 

Neptuneopsis gilchristi 245 

nereia, Clionella 16, 221 

Nerita 

174 

albicilla 174,226 

aterrima 

245 

comma-notata 245 

exuvia 245 

fasciata 

245 

listen 

245 

melanostoma 245 

papilla 245 

plexa 

245 

plicata 245 

polita 

245 

quadricolor 245 

sanguinolenta 245 

textilis 245 

umlaasiana 245 

Neritidae 174 

Neritina 174 

crepidularia 245 


specias? 174,226 

zebra 245 

neritina, Phaslanella 146 

newcombi, Littorina 241 


nicobaricus, My tilus 244 

Spondylus 251 

nigerrima, Siphonaria 250 

nigra, Photina 247 

Rissoa 249 

nigroalba, Patella 216 

nigrocineta, Tethys 253 

nigropunctata, Oscaniella 246 

nigropunctatus, Trochus 254 

nigrovirescens, Chiton 233 

nimbosus, Conus 235 

nina, Cerithiopsis Ill, 225 


nlsaba, Cerithiopsis 112, 225 

nisga, Mangilia 25, 222 

Niso 70 


balteata 70, 223 

interrupta 245 

nitens, Cylichna 236 

lanthina 240 

nitida, Donax 238 

Melania 242 

nitidulus, Triton 253 

nivea, Area 230 

Eulimella 73 

nivosa, Drillia 22, 221 

noachina, Puncturella 248 

nobilis, Tellina 252 

nodiferus, Triton 253 

nodosa, Rapana 249 

Nodulus 125 

africanus 125,225 

perspectus 125,225 

noma, Pyramidella 72,223 

novemcostatum, Dentalium 237 

nubecula, Pissurella 239 

nucleus, Area 230 

Cytherea 237 

Nucula 181,226 

Nucula 181 

belcheri 245 

bicuspidata 245 

irregularis 245 

nucleus 181, 226 

pulchra 245 

radiata 

245 

sculpturata 181,226 

Nuculana eompta 245 

gemmulata 245 

lamellata 245 

Nuculidae 181 

Nuculina ovalis 245 

pretiosa 

nux, Pleurotoma 

Nyctiloehus 

245 

248 

94 



nympha, Mangilia 29,222 

obeliscum, Cerithium 232 

Obeliscus aciculatus 

sulcatus 

teres 

Chemnitzia 

245 

245 

245 

76

obeliscus, Mitra 243 

Turbonilla 76 

obesa, Ancilla 35,222 

obliquata, Area 230 

oblonga, Bullina 231 

Lutraria 241 

obscurus, Conus 235 

Trochus 254 

obsoleta, Venus 255 

obtecta, Patella 246 

obtusa, Ancilla 34,222 

Basterotia 230 



Siliquaria 250 

ocellata, Cypraea 236 

ocelliferus, Fusinus 47,222 

Ocinebra natalensis 245 

Octopus argus 245 

vulgaris 245 

octosectus, Petaloconchus 247 

oculus, Patella 142,226 

Siphonaria 11 

Odostomella S5 

robusta 245 

Odostomia 85 

olearium , Cymatium 

acrifa 91, 224 

aethra 89,224 

agana 87,224 

angasi 245 

arflca 86,224 

carifa 87,224 

chitonicola 245 

cifara 90,224 

farica 85 

flcara 88,224 

gea 90,224 

icafra 92,224 

irafca 91 , 224 

lavertinae 89, 224 

lucida 89,224 

rifaca 88, 224 


94, 224 

Oliva bulbosa 245 

caerulea 245 

capensis 245 

dactylic-la 246 

elegans 246 

nana 246 

paxillus 246 

picta 246 

scitula 246 

truncata 246 

olivacea, Cyrena 237 

Olividae 34 

Ommatostrephes oualaniensis 246 

Onchidium burnupi 246 

Oncidium peroni 246 

Oniscia macandrewi 246 

oniscus.Ischnochiton 178,226 

Trivia 98, 224 

Onithochiton alveolatum 245 

isipingoensis 249 

operta, Tethys 253 

optima, Ancilla 229 

Cuspidarla 

236 

INDEX. 293 

Page. 

orbicularis, Metis 206, 228 

ordinaria, Ancilla 229 

Tellina 252 

oreada, Triphoris 103, 224 

Orinella 71 

ornata, Kalinga 240 


Psamrnobia 248 

ornatus, Trochus 254 

Orthodonta 11 

oryza, Trivia 254 

Oscaniella nigropunctata 246 

Oscaniopsis pleurobrancheana 246 

osculata, Ancilla 35, 222 

Ostrea 185 


cucullata 246 

echinata 246 

lacerata 246 

lentiginosa 246 

parasitica 246 

prismatica 246 

pusio 246 

rosacea 246 

rufa 246 

senegalensis 246 

tuberculata 246 

Ostreidae 185 

oualaniensis, Ommatostrephes 246 

ovalina, Mactra 241 

ovalis, Aligena 202, 227 

Nuculina 245 

Purpura 249 

Sunetta 203, 227 

ovata, Area 230 

Assiminea 135, 225 

Ovula carnea 246 

ovula, Cypraea 97, 224 

ovulata, Cypraea 236 

oweni, Donax 238 

Oxynoe 9 

natalensis 9 

pellucidus 246 

Oxynoeidae 9 

Oxystele 151 

merula 151,226 

sagittifera 152, 226 

tabularis 153, 226 

tigrina 151, 226 

Palio capensis 246 

pallida, Ianthina 240 

Psamrnobia 248 

Tritonia 254 

Paludina knysnaensis 246 

palustris, Pyrazus 249 

Pandora dissimilis 246 

similis 246 

Panopea natalensis 246 

Paphia 

204 

disrupts 

204 

papilio, Chaetopleura 

233 

papilla, Nerita 

245 

papillaris, Eburna 34, 222 

papillata, Sepia 

250 

papyracea, Cominella 48,222 

papyraceum, Cardium 

232

294 

Papyridea 

INDEX. 

202 


paradisiaca, Pyrula 249 

paramoea, Hochstetteria 184, 227 

Paraplysia lowii 246 

parasitica, Ostrea 

246 

parilis, Clavatula 234 

Parmophorus imbricatus 246 

parva, Haliotis 175, 226 

Plaxiphora 247 

parviforata, Fissuridea 177, 226 

parvulum, Sistrum 250 

Patella : 141 

albonotata 

246 

argenvillei 143, 220 

barbara 142, 226 


chinensis 246 

cochlear 143, 226 

compressa 143, 226 

concolor 246 

conspicua 143, 226 

decemcostata 246 

dunkeri 144, 226 

echinulata 246 

exarata 246 

graeca 246 

granatirta 141, 226 

granularis 142, 226 

iongieosta 141, 226 

maculata 246 

miniata 143, 226 

morbida 246 


nigroalba 246 

obtecta 246 

oculus 142, 226 

patriarcha 249 

plicata 249 

pruinosa 1 14, 226 

rustica 246 

saflana 247 

sanguinans 247 

schroeteri 247 

tabularis 247 

testudinaria 247 

umbella 247 

variabilis 143, 226 

Patellidae 141 

patelliformis, Anomia 187, 227 

patens, Conus 235 

patriarcha, Patella 246 

patula, Mitra 45, 222 

paula, Tellimya 252 

paupercula, Mitra 243 

Venus 255 

pauperculus, Conus 235 

paxillus, Marginella 242 

Oliva 246 

Pecten 186 

capensis 247 

limatula 247 


squamosus 247 

sulcicostatus 186, 227 

tinctus 247 

pecten, Lucina 241 

peetinata, Venus 255 

pectinatus, Helcion 144, 226 

Pectinidae 186 

Pectunculus belcheri 247 

bicolor 247 

castaneus 247 

inaequalis 247 

peculiaris, Tellimya 252 

Pedicularia sicula 247 

peilei, Cerithiopsis 232 

Telecypoda 181 

pellicula, Marginella 242 

Raeta 249 

pellucens, Auricula 230 

pellucida, Cyclostrema 236 


pellucidula, Trivia 98, 224 

pellucidus, Cultellus 236 

Oxynoe 246 

perdix, Buceinum 231 

perfecta, Lima 186,227 

perfragile, Calliostoma 231 

Peristernia, fenestrata 247 

perlatum, Buceinum 231 

perrninima, Marginella 242 

Perna anomioides 247 

dentifera 247 

vulsella 247 

perna, Mytilus 188,227 

Tellina 252 

pernula, Pinna 247 

peroni, Oncidium 246 

peronii, Atlanta 92, 224 

Spirula 3, 221 

perplexa, Doris 238 

persculpta, Solariella 251 

persica, Purpura 249 

parspectiva, Gibbula 240 

perspectivus, Trochus 259 

perspectus, Nodulus 125, 225 

perspicua, Helix 240 

Lamellaria 137, 225 

pertusa, Haliotis t 175, 242 

Terebra 253 

pertusus, Chiton 233 

perversus, Trochus 254 

petagnae, Modiola 243 

Pctaloeonchus octosectus 247 

Petricola 

Petricolidae 

Phacoides 

204 

cordieri 247 

cultellus 

247 

ponsonbyi 204,227 

robusta 250 

species ? 204, 227 

typica 

ventricosa 

despecta 

247 

247 

204 

191 

195,227 

valida 194,227 

pharaonis, Tellina 252 

Phasianella 

144 


bicarinata 145, 226 

capensis 145

INDEX. 295 

Page. 

Phasianella elongata 145, 226 

kochii 144, 226 

kraussi 247 

neritina 146 

tenuis 247 

Phasianellidae 144 

Philine 9 

berghi 247 


schroeteri 9 

Philinidae 9 

philippinarum, Sphenia 251 

Philobrya 185 

africana 1S5, 227 

Pholadidae 210 

Pholas 210 


branchiata 247 

dactylus 247 

falcata 247 

fragilis 247 

Phorus corrugatus 247 

Phos laevigatus 247 

roseatus 247 

Phosinella 131 

Photina nigra 251 

physis, Bulla 231 

Hydatina 8, 221 

Physopsis africana 247 

pica, Hitra 243 

picta, Cytherea 237 

Mitra 45, 222 

Oliva 246 

pictum, Bucinum 231 

pictus, Conus 14, 221 

pila, Cassis 232 

pileare, Triton 254 

Pileopsis pilosus 247 

pillula, Turbo 254 

pilosus, Pileopsis 247 

Pinaxia coronata 247 

pingue, Caritbium 232 

Pinna 183 

aequilatera 247 

afra..... 247 

madida 247 


pernula 247 

saecata 247 

serra 247 

squamiiera 183, 227 

squamosissima 247 

vexillum 247 

pinnae, Alaba 121, 225 

Pinnidae 183 

pintado, Gibbula 160 

Littorina 241 

Margarita 160 

piperatus, Conus 235 

piperita, Marginella 36, 222 

Pisania crenilabrum 247 

tritonoides 247 

Planaxidae 117 

Planaxis 

117 

acuta 

247 

pyramidal is 117 

Paê. 

Planaxis sulcatus 217 

planissima, Tellina 252 

planulata, Discopsis 171, 226 

planulatus, Sigaretus 250 

platystoma, Clionella 18,221 

Plaxiphora parva 251 

setigera 251 

Pleurobranchaea melanopus 247 

pleurobrancheana, Oscaniopsis 246 

Pleurobranchus capensis 247 

granulatus 247 

Pleurophyllidia capensis 248 

eucbroa 248 


microdonta 248 


Pleurotoma anteridion 248 

belaeformis 248 

plexa, Nerita 

plicata, Nerita 

bijubata 248 

bornii 248 

burnupi 248 

capensis 248 

eastanea 248 

cingulifera 248 

foss :ta 248 

fucata , 248 

fulgurans 248 

fultoni 248 


gravis 248 

inclinata 248 

kraussii 248 

lignaria 248 

lobata 248 

marmorata 248 

monilifera 248 

mix 248 

rubinicolor 248 

scitecostata 248 

sigillata 248 

subventricosa 248 

stolida 248 

tigrina 248 

tripartita 248 

tumida 248 

turriplana 248 

vertebrata 248 

wilkiae 248 

245 

245 

Patella 246 

plicatella, Nassa 244 

Plicatula 186 

australis 

248 

squamosissima 186, 227 

plicosa, Alectrion 52, 222 

plumbeus, Conus 235 

plurifissatum , Schizodentalium 181 

poecilosticta, Alectrion 51 

poikilia, Aplysia 230 

polita, Bullia 55 

Cytherea 237 

Mactra 241 

Nerita 245 

Siliqua 

250 

politum , Dentalium 237

296 

polygonius, Cryptodon 

polygonus, Murex 

Polyplacopnora 

Polypus capensis 

Polyspirella 

Pondorbis 

horridus 

rugosus 

alfredensis 

INDEX. 

236 

243 

178 

248 

248 

248 

82 

171 

171,226 

ponsonbyi, Euthria 50, 222 

Mangilia 

Marginella 

31,222 

242 

Petricola 204,227 


Turbo 254 

Voluta 

255 

porcata, Columella 47, 222 

Poromya curta 

248 


granosissima 

striata 

248 

248 

Poronia australls 248 

porosa, Calyptraea 231 

Potamides 

117 

poucheti, Marginella 242 

praetermissa, Drillia „ 22,221 

pretlosa, Mitra 243 

Nuculina 245 

primula, Conus 235 

Prionodesmacea 181 

prismatlca, Ostrea 246 

Tellina 252 

pristis, Tellina 252 

procelarum, Dolium 238 

producta, Cancellaria 232 

Cypraea 237 

Macroschisma 241 

Nassa 244 

prolongata, Cominella 234 

lanthina 240 

prainosa, Patella 144,226 

pruinosus, Chiton 233 

Psammobia 207 

burnupi 207, 228 

corrugata 248 

figlina 248 

ornata 248 

pallida 248 

species ? 207, 228 

Psammobiidae 207 

Psammotaea donacioides 248 

lunulata 248 

Psammotellina 207 


Pselliogyra 75 

pseudida, Doris 238 

Pseudoliva ancilla 248 

Pseudomurex meyendorffl 248 

pseudo-scalaris, Scalaria 250 

pseustes, Marginella 242 

psila, Natica 245 

Pteriidse 185 

Pteropoda 3 

Ptycheulimella 75 

pubescens, Dosinia 238 

puella, Marginella 38 

pulchella, Columbella 234 

Nassa 244 

pulcherrima, Cardita 232 

Liotia 241 

pulchra, Nucula 245 

pullastra, Tapes 251 

Pulmonata 10 

pumila, Columbella 234 

pumilis, Limopsis 181,227 

punctata, Littorina 241 

punctatus, Conus 235 

puncticulata, Turritella 118,225 

punctilineata, Marginella 36, 222 

puncto-striata, Bulla 231 

punctostriata, Mitra 243 

punctulata, Chiton 233 

punctulifera, Thordisa 253 

puncturata, Cominella 49,222 

Puncturella 

177 


fastigiata 248 

noachina 248 

puniceus, Trochus 254 

Pupillaea 

176 

aperta 176,226 

pura, Alvania 229 

Ancilla 35, 222 

Bullia 55, 223 

Euthria 

239 

Purpura 249 

Rissoina 

131 

Purpura anaxares 

249 

arachnoides 

249 

bufo 

249 

cancellatum 

249 

cingulata 

249 

clathrata 

249 

dubia 249 

elata 

flscellum 

granulata 

heptagonalis 

lapillus 

limbosa 

luteostoma 

mancinella 

marginatrum 

ovalis 

persica 

pura 

rudolphi 

scobina 

succincta 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

249 

trigona 

249 

vexillum 

249 

wahlbergi 

249 

zeyheri 

249 

purpurea, Centhiopsis 

232 

purpuroides, Tritonalia 60 

pusilla, Cyrena 

237 

Ranella 

249 

pusio, Ostrea 

246 

pustulatum, Tritonium 254 

pustulatus, Chiton 233 

pustulosa, Bull ia 

pygmaea, Natica 

232 

245

pyramidalis, Alectrion 52,222 

Buccinum 231 

Columbella 58,223 

Planaxis 117 

Pyramidella 70 


aganea 73, 223 



hera 74,223 

ima 72,223 

minor 74, 223 

mitralis 249 

noma 72, 223 

pyrrha 73,223 

species 7 74, 223 

tarpeia 74, 223 

Pyramidellidae 70 

Pyrazus palustris 249 

Pyrgiscus 77 

Pyrgolampros 77 

Pyrgulina 86 

pyrrha, Pyramidella 73,223 

Sabanaea 125, 225 

pyrrhostoma, Fusus 239 

Pyrula ficoides 249 

lineata 249 

paradisiaca 249 

pyrum, Cassis 95 


Triton 254 

Pythina 199 

Pyxipoma 117 

quadricarinatus. Euchelus 238 

quadricinctum, Bittium 230 

quadricolor, Nerita 245 

quadridentata, Cavolina 232 

quadrifascia, Marginella 242 

quadripunctata, Cypraea 237 

quadrisulcata, Lucina 241 

quantilla, Leptothyra 14S, 226 

quantula, Alectrion 51, 222 

quatrefagesi, Acanthopleura 229 

queketti, Conus 235 

Euthria 239 

Glycimeris 181, 227 

Haliotis 240 

Natica 139 

Scintilla 250 

Tellina 252 

Voluta 255 

quercinus, Conus 235 

quoyi, Area 230 

radialis, Fusus 239 

radiata, Cyrena 237 

Nucula 245 

Patella 246 

Radius gracillimus 249 

Raeta pellicula 249 

ramosus, Murex 244 

rattus, Conus 235 

Ranella afnnis 249 

anceps 249 

crumena 249 

granifera 249 

lamellosa 249 

INDEX. 297 

Page. 

Ranella leucostoma 249 

livida 249 

pusilla 249 

semigranosa 249 

siphonata 249 

ranelloides, Lotorium 241 

Rapana nodosa 249 

raphanula, Terebra 253 

rastellum, Tellina 252 

reevei, Ancilla 34, 222 


regulare, Dentalium 181, 226 

regularis, Solen 251 

Tellina .- 

205, 

228 

rejecta, Tivela 253 

replicata, Scalaria 250 

retrorsa, Macoma 241 

Retusa 4 

truncatula 4,221 

retusa, Desmoulea 52,222 

reynaudi, Loligo 241 

rhodostoma, Bullia 55, 223 

rhomboidea, Modiola 243 

rhomboides, Tellina 252 

Ricinula aspera. . 249 

morus 249 

muticus 249 

ricinus, Murex 244 

rifaca, Erycina 198, 227 

Gibbula 160, 226 


Vitrinella 167,226 

ringens, Donax 238 

Ringicula 7 



Ringiculidae 7 

Rissoa adjacens 249 

Rissoidae 

crawfordi 249 

elegantula 249 

farquhari 249 

nigra 249 

125 

rissoidea, Cerithium 232 

Ilissoina 130 

alfredi 130,225 

ambigua 249 

annulata 249 

calia 130, 225 

crassa 

249 

durbanensis 250 


pura 131 


species ? 130,131,225 

rissoina, Mormula 243 

robillardi, Scala 250 

robusta, Fissurella 239 

Odostomella 245 

Petricola 247 

robustior, Fusus 239 

Rochefortia 199 

convexa 199 

elsa 200, 227 

enora 200, 222 

farma 201,227

298 

INDEX. 

Page. 

Rochefortia helena 201, 227 

ros, Marginella 

rosacea, Loripes 

io 201,227 

milda 200,227 

Ostrea 


similis 200,227 

8 

242 

241 

246 

rosaceus, Conus 12, 221 

Latiaxis 61 , 223 

rosaria, Clionella 15, 221 

rosea, Marginella 36, 222 

Melibe 242 

Solen 

251 

Tellina 252 

roseatus, Phos 247 

roseoradiata, Acmaea 141, 226 

roseus, Trochus 254 

rostrata, Bulla 

231 

rota, Fissurella 239 

rotundata, Bornia 199, 227 

Cyclostrema 236 

Lima 186, 227 

Tellina 252 

rousi, Drillia 20,221 

Latirus 46,222 

Tellina 252 

rubecula, Triton 254 

rubicundum, Cardium 232 

rubiginosum, Buceinum 231 

rubinicolor, Pleurotoma 248 

rubrococcinea, Coralliophila 61, 223 

rubrolineatus, Fusinus 47 

rubrum, Cardium 232 

rudolphi, Purpura 249 

rufa, Ostrea 246 

Turbonilla 255 

rufescens, Mitra 243 

rufouodulosum, Cerilhium 233 

rufopunctata, Terebra 253 

rufula, Marginella 242 

rufulum, Buceinum 2:31 

rugifera, Corbula 235 

rugisculpta, Drillia 238 

rugosa, Carditella 193,227 

Veuerupis 255 

rugosum, Cardium 232 

Cerithium 233 

rugosus, Polypus 248 

rugulosa, Crepidula 236 

Kama simiae 

250 

rumphii, Dolabella 

237 

runcinata, Cliromodoris 233 

rustica, Patella 246 

rutila, Fasciolaria 239 

saba, Cerithiopsis 112, 225 

Sabanaea 125 

pyrrba 125,225 

thalia 126, 225 

sabita, Triphoris 106, 225 

saccata, Pinna 247 

saflana, Patella 247 

sagena, Columbella 234 

sagittata, Fissurella 239 

sagittifera, Oxystele 152, 226 

sagraiana, Natica 245 

saldontiana, Natica 140 

sanguinans, Patella 

247 

sanguinea, Haliotis 175, 226 

sanguineus, Turbo 254 

sanguinolenta, Nerita 245 

samiaticus, Turbo 146, 226 

sauliae, Triton 254 

savignana, Aplysia 230 

savignyi, Cytherea 237 


Saxicava 210 

arctica 250 

arenacea 210, 228 

australis 250 

flaccida 253 

lirata 210, 228 

Saxicavidae 210 

scaber, Trochus 254 

scabra, Area 230 

Bullina 3, 221 

Scala aculeata 250 

bullata 250 

eborea 250 

millecostata 250 

robillardi 250 

Scalaria clatliratula 250 

clatlirus 250 

coronata 250 

fragilis 250 

fucata 250 

jukesiana 250 

lactea 250 

pseudo-scalaris 250 

replicata 250 

simplex 250 

scalaris, Turbonilla 255 

Scalidae 62 

scaliola, Ervilia 238 

scapha, Area 230 

Voluta 260 

Scaphandridae 5 

Scaphopoda 180 

scapula, Dolabella 237 

Schismope 176 

insignis 176, 226 

Schizodentalium 181 

pluriflssuratum 181 

Schizodesma 208 

Schroeteri mitra 

senroeteri, Patella 

spengleri 208, 228 

243 

247 

Philine 9 

Scintilla 

196 

compta 

250 

durbanensis 250 

elongata 

queketti 

turgida 

250 

250 

250 

turtoni 

196,227 

Scissurella 

175 

jucunda 175,226 

Scissurellidae 

I"5 

scitecostata, Pleurotoma 2 IS 

scitula, Oliva 

246

INDEX. 299 

Page. 

scitulus, Conus 235 

scobina, Purpura 249 

scripta, Archidoris 230 

scrobieulatus, Fusus 239 

sculpta, Cyliiidrobulla 236 

Solariella 251 

sculpturata, Nucula 181,226 

scutella, Fissurella 239 

Scutum imbricatum 250 

unguis 250 

sebae, Natica 245 

secura, Turbonilla 76, 224 

Seila 113 

afrieana 114, 225 


smithi 115, 225 

sella, Megatebermus 242 

Semele capensis 206, 228 

cordiformis 250 

Semelidae 200 

semen, Tellina 252 

semicostata, Clionella 17 

semidisjuncta, Cancellaria 33, 222 

semiflammea, Bullia 55 

semigranosa, Ranella 249 

semilaevis, Tellina 252 

Seminella 56 

seminula, Marginella 242 

seminulum, Bornia 230 

semisculptum, Cyclostrana 236 

semistriata, Mytilus 244 

semisuleata, Cominella 234 

Donax 238 

semisulcatum, Cardium 232 

senegalensis, Ostrea 246 

Separatista, grayi 250 

Sepia australis 250 

burnupi 250 

capensis 250 

hierredda 250 

jousseaumei 250 

papillata 250 

vermiculata 2.50 

Sepioteuthis major 250 

septangularis, Murex 244 

serotina, Nassa 244 

serra, Donax 207, 228 

Pinna 247 

setigcra, Plaxiphora 2-17 

seychellarum , Iacra 240 

shepstonense, Epitonium 238 

shepstonensis , Columbella 234 

Mangilia 242 


Rissoina 250 


sicula, Pedicularia 247 

sieboldi, Fissurella 239 

Sigaretus delesserti 250 

planulatus 250 

sigillata, Pleurotoma 248 

signa, Drillia 21, 221 

signata, Buccinum 231 

Siliqua japonica 250 

polita 250 

Siliquaria 117 

Page. 

Siliquaria obtusa 250 

species 7 us 

weldi 117, 225 

simiao, Ruma 250 

similans, Turbonilla 255 

similis, Bullia 231 



Pandora 246 

Rochefort ia 200,227 

Tellimya ." 252 

simoniana, Euthria 239 

simplex, Conus 235 

Donax 208, 228 


Mitra 45 

Natica 245 

Scalaria 250 

sinensis, Trochita 136,225 

sinuata, Clionella 18 

Siphonaria 10 

albofasciata 250 

aspera 10, 221 


concinna 10, 221 

cyaneomacul lla 254 

lineolata 10, 221 


nigerrima 250 

oculus 11 

tenuicostulata 250 

variabilis 250 

Siphonariidae 10 

siphonata, Ranella 249 

siren, Mangilia 31, 222 

Sistrum 60 

affine 254 

alfredensis 60 

coronatum 250 

elongatum 250 

lividum 250 

parvulum 250 

squamiliratum 251 

squamosum 251 

situla, Buccinum 231 

sloanei, Solen 251 

smithi, Acteocina 4, 221 

Ampliiperas 96, 224 

Barleeia 134, 225 

Seila 115, 225 


solandri, Spirula 251 


beckeri 251 

fuscomaculat a 161, 226 

persculpta 251 

sculpta 251 

species? 161 

splendens 251 

undata 251 

Solariidae 123 

Solarium caelatum 251 

cingulum 251 

cylindraceum 251 

dorsuosum 251 

laevigatum 251

300 INDEX. 

Solarium maximum 251 

trochoides 251 

variegatum 251 

solea, Chiton 233 

Solemya 190 

species ? 190 

Solemyidae 190 

Solen 208 



corneus 251 

gouldi 251 

legumen 251 

marginatus 251 

regularis 251 

rosea 251 

sloanei 251 

vespertina 251 

Solenidae 208 

Solenoconcha 180 

Solenomya togata 251 

solida, Eulima 238 

Trochita 254 

solidula, Bulla 231 

Solidula tessellata 251 

soluta, Bulla 231 

sordidus, Donax 208, 228 

spelta, Bulla 231 

spengleri, Schizodesma 208, 228 

Sphenia decurtata 251 

mindorensis 251 


philippinarum 251 

spiculosus, Chiton 233 

spiculum, Donax 238 

spinigera, Acanthopleura 229 

Spiroglyphus spirorbis 251 

spirorbis, Spiroglyphus 251 

Spirula 3 

peronii 3, 221 

solandri 251 

Spirulidae 3 

splendens, Solariella 251 

splendidulus, Turbo 254 

Spondylidae 186 

Spondylus ducalis 251 

nicobaricus 251 

Sportellidae 196 

spreta, Fissuridea 177, 226 

Glyphls 242 

spurca, Nassa 244 

spuria, Leptothyra 146 

Monilea 146 

squamifera, Pinna 183, 227 

squamiliratum, Sistrum 251 

squamosa, Area 230 

Lima 240 

Thais 61, 223 

squamosissima, Pinna 247 

Plicatula 186, 227 

squamosum, Sistrum 251 

squamosus, Pecten 247 

staphylaea, Cypraea 237 

Staurodoris verrucosa 251 

stercus-muscarum, Cypraea 237 

stimpsoni, Donovania 33 

stimpsoni.Natica 137 


stolida, Cypraea 237 


Stomatella articulata 251 

cancellata 251 

sulcifera 251 

straminea, Terebra 253 

striata, Mytilus 188, 227 

Poromya 248 

striatissima, Crenella 189, 227 

striatus, Chitonellus 233 

strigatum, Dentalium 180 

Strigilla trotteriana 251, 255 

striolata, Mangilia 244 

Strioturbonilla 76 

Strombus floridus 251 

fusiformis 251 

gibberulus 251 

lamarckii 251 

lentiginosus 251 

mauritianus 251 

Styliola 3 


subcontracta, Drillia 22, 221 

subcontracts, Fusus 239 

subcylindrica, Hamtnea 240 

Subeulima 69 

magnifica 70, 222 

subgigas, Chiton 233 

suborbicularis, Mya 244 

subquadrata, Crassatella 

236 

Cytherea 237 

subradiata, Erycina 197 

subradiatus, Cryptodon 236 

subrubiginosa, Tritonidea 

subulata, Terebra 

254 

253 

subventricosa, Clionella 14, 221 

Pleurotoma 

252 

succincta, Purpura 

249 

sulcaria, Venus 

255 

sulcata, Cominella 

234 

Cypraea 

237 

Daphnella 

32, 222 

Fusus 

239 

sulcatus, Obeliscus 

245 

Planaxis 

247 

sulcicostatus, Pecten 186, 227 

sulcifera, Erato 

238 

Nassa 

244 

Stomatella 

251 

Sunetta 

contempta 

ovalis 

203 

251 

203,227 

suspensa, Terebra 11, 221 

suturalis, Tornatella 

253 

sybaritica, Clionella 15, 221 

sykesi, Chiton 

Sylvanocochlea 

Syrnola 

capensis 

tabescens, Cypraea 

233 

35 

ancilla 35, 222 

species? 

35 

73 

255 

237 

tabularis, Oxystele 153, 226 

Patella 

247

taeniata, Natica 245 

taeniatum, Cerithium 233 

tamsii, Trochus 254 

Tapes cumingii 255 

dactyloides 255 

deshayesii 255 

disrapta 227 

kochi 251 

kraussii 251 

pullastra 251 

textrix 251 

tarpeia, Pyramidella 74,223 

taxus, Clavatula 18, 221 

tayloriana, Astraea 146, 226 

Tectarius 120 


Teetibranchiata 3 

tefunta, Turbonilla 80, 224 

tegulata, Turbonilla 

'. 

82,224 

Teinostoma 165 



lucidum 252 

Teleodesmacea 191 

Tellimya paula 252 

peculiaris 252 

similis 252 

Telllna 205 

africana 252 


analogica 252 

calcarea 252 

candidata 252 

capsoides 252 

crawfordi 252 

cumana 252 

dispar 252 

exculta 252 

fabula 252 


inclinata 252 

levior 252 

litoralis 252 

ludwigii 252 


nobilis 252 

orbicularis 252 

ordinaria 252 

perna 252 

pharaonis 252 

planissima 252 

ponsonbyi 205, 228 

prismatica 252 

pristis 252 

queketti 252 

rastellum 252 

regularis 205, 228 

rhomboides 252 

rosea 252 

rotundata 252 

rousi 252 

semen 252 

semilaevis 252 

species ? 205,228 

triangularis 205, 228 

umbonella. 252 

80737°—Bull. 91—15 21 

INDEX. 301 

Tellina venusta 252 

vidalensis 205 

virgata 252 

virgulata 252 

vulsella 252 

Tellinidae 205 

tenebrosum, Epitonium 63, 223 

tenera, Lima 240 

tenerrima, Modiola 188, 227 

tenuicostatum, Cardium 232 

tenuicostulata, Siphonaria 250 

tenuis, Bullia 53,223 


Phasianella 247 

Tellina 252 

tenuistriata, Aclis 229 

Terebra n 

affinis ' 252 

apicina 252 

apicitincta 11, 221 

archimedes 252 

babylonia 252 


casta 252 

cingulifera 252 

cuspidat a 252 

dimidiata 252 

diversa ll 

evoluta 252 

fictilis 252 

fllmerae 252 

geminata 252 

grayi 252 

laevigata 253 

lightfooti 253 

livida 253 

loisae 253 

longiscata 253 

macandrewi 253 

monilis 253 


nebulosa 253 

pertusa 253 

raphanula 253 

rufopunctata 253 

species ? 11,221 

straminea 253 

subulata 253 

suspensa 11, 221 

textilis 253 

thyrsaea 253 

tiarella 253 

Terebridae 11 

teres, Obeliscus 245 

tessellata, Solidula 251 

tessellatus, Conus 235 

testiculus, Buccinum 231 

testudinaria, Patella 247 

Tethys 9 

burnupi 252 

concava 9 

elongata 252 

maculata 9 

nigrocincta 252 

operta 

*. 

252 

species ? 9

302 

textile, Conus 

textilis, Chiton 

Nerita 

Terebra 

Trochus 

textrix, Tapes 

INDEX. 

235 

233 

245 

253 

254 

251 

texturata, Mitra 243 

Thais 61, 223 

Thais 

61 


castanea 61,223 

cataracta 61,223 

squamosa 61 

texturata 61,223 

thalia, Acrilla 64, 223 

Gibbula 157,226 

Melanella 68,223 

Sabanaea 126, 225 

Thecalia 

192 

concamerata 192, 227 

Theora 206 


thetis, Drillia 22, 221 

Thordisa punctulifera 253 

Thracia 191 

capensis 253 

species? 191, 227 

Thracidae 191 

Thylacodes natalensis 253 

thyrsaea, Terebra 253 

tiarella, Terebra 253 

Tichogonia kraussii 253 

tigrina, Cominella 47, 222 

Oxystele 151,226 


tigrinis, Malleus 241 

tigrinum, Buccinum 231 

tigrinus, Chiton 233 

Ischnochiton 179, 226 

tincta, Turbonilla 80,224 

tinctus, Pecten 247 

tinianus, Conus 235 

Tivela 203 

alucinans 203 

compressa 203, 227 


rejecta 253 

togata, Solenomya 251 

toreuma, Fusus 239 

Tornatella suturalis 253 

Tornatina meridionalis 253 

Tornatinidae 4 

torquata, Cassis 232 

tortilis, Latiaxis 240 

tortirostris, Cypraea 

' 

237 

townsendi, Gibbula 240 

trachealis, Chemnitzia 82 


translucida, Eulima 238 

transversa, Cytherea 237 

trapezina, Fissurella 239 

trapezium, Murex 244 

triangularis, Dolabrifera 237 


tricarinulatus, Turbo 254 

tricostalis, Basterotia 196, 227 

tricuspe, Vermetus 255 

Tridacna elongata 253 

tridentata, Anomia 229 

trifasciata, Bullia 53, 223 

Nassa 244 

trigona, Purpura 249 

trigonia ; Mytilus 188,227 

trilineatum, Cerithium 233 

Triopa lucida 253 

tripartita, Pleurotoma 248 

Triphora burnupi 253 

carteretensis 257 

cingulatus 257 

corrugatus 257 

Triphoridae 98 

Triphoris 98 


atea 98, 224 


cerea 107, 225 

convexa 99, 224 

elsa 101, 224 

fuscescens 107, 225 

fuscomaculata 100,224 

helena 99, 224 

ima 108, 225 

madria 105, 224 

milda 102, 224 

nina 108, 225 

oreada 103, 224 

sabita 106, 225 

shepstonensis 102, 224 

smithi 100, 224 

species ? 99, 103, 106, 107, 224 

trispinosa, Cavolina 232 

Triton acuminata 253 

aegrota 

africana 

253 

253 

anus - 253 

aquatilis 

australe 

253 

253 

bractaetus 

253 

chlorostoma 

253 

cutaceus 

253 

cynocephalum 

253 

elongatum 253 

encausticum 253 

exaratus 

flctilis 

gallinago 

gemmatus 

labiosus 

lampas 

monilifer 

nitidulus 

nodiferus 

pileare 

pyrum 

rubecula 

sautiae 

tuberosus 

253 

253 

253 

253 

253 

253 

253 

253 

253 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254

Triton vespaceum 254 

Tritonalia 60 

babingtoni 60, 223 

crawfordi 60, 223 

kieneri 60, 223 

purpuroides 60 

Tritonia indecora 254 

pallida 254 

tritonia, Turbonilla 79,224 

Tritonidea 49 

insculpta 49,222 

minor 254 


subrubiginosa 254 

Tritonidoxa capensis 254 

Tritonium pustulatum 254 

tritonoides, Plsania 247 

Trivia 98 

formosa 98,224 

insecta 254 

oniscus 98,224 

oryza 254 

pellucidula 98, 224 

vesicularis 98, 224 

trivialis, Murex 244 

Triviidae 98 

Trochidae 150 

Trochita 136 

calyptraeformis 136 

helicoidea 136, 225 

sinensis 136, 225 

solida 254 

trochoidea, lantbina 65, 223 

trochoides, Solarium 251 

Trochus bicingulatum 254 

depressus 254 

dolabratus 254 

banleyanus 254 

hybridus 254 

impervius 254 

indecorus 

kraussi 

lablo 

laevlssima 

ludwlgi 

nigropunctatus 

obscurus 

ornatus 

INDEX. 303 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

perversus 

254 

puniceus 254 

roseus 

scaber 

tamsli 

textilis 

troschelii 

variegatus 

vermiculata 

virgatus 

zeyheri 

Trophon 

carduus 

insignis 

kowiensis 

species? 

troschelii, Trochus 

trotteriana, Strigilla 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

254 

59 

259 

60, 223 

59, 223 

60,223 

254 

251 

truncata, Hyalaea 240 

Oliva 246 

Bulla 231 

truncatula, Retusa 4, 221 

truncatus, Xancus 42,222 

tryoni, Gibbula 159, 226 

tryphena, Littorina 120, 225 

tubercularis, Murex 244 

tuberculata, Argonauta 230 

Ostrea 246 

tuberculatum, Murex 244 

tuberosus, Triton 254 

tubulosa, Cylichna 5, 221 

tulipa, Chiton ISO, 226 

tumida, Pleurotoma 248 

tunicata, Corbula 235 

turbinea, Nassa 244 

Turbinella incarnata 254 

nassatula 254 

truncata 222 

Turbinellidae 42 

turbinellus, Murex 244 

Turbinidae 146 

Turbo 1 46 

chrysostomus 254 

cidaris 146, 226 

clathrus 254 

coronatus 146 

henieus 254 

intercostalis 254 

lactea 254 

minutus 254 


pillula 254 

ponsonbyi 254 

sanguineus 254 

sarmaticus 146, 226 

splendidulus 254 

tricarinulatus 254 

Turbonilla 75 

adaba 75, 224 

aglaia 83, 224 

angea 77, 224 

apsa 81 , 224 

argentea 255 

atossa 78, 224 

bathyraphe 85, 224 

bifasciata 255 

callista 83, 224 

Candida 255 

carifa 84,224 

cifara 84, 224 

decora 85, 224 

disculus 255 

erna 75, 224 

fusca 255 

gemmula 75, 224 

helena 77, 224 

hofmani 255 

kraussi 75, 224 

laevocostata 76, 224 

maia 80,224 

obeliscus 76, 259 

peUucida 83,224 

rufa 255 

scalaris 

255 

secura 76, 224

304 INDEX. 

Page. 

Turbonilla similans 255 

species ? 78, 82, 224 

tefunta 80, 224 

tegulata 82, 224 

tincta 80, 224 

trachealis 82, 224 

ti itonia 79, 224 

zenobia 79,224 

turgida, Cardita 192 

Scintilla 250 

turriplana, Pleurotoma 248 

Turns 18 

fultoni 18, 221 

turrita, Voluta 255 

Turritella 

118 

annulata 118, 223 

Turritellidae 

bacillum 255 

capensis 119 

carinifera 118, 225 

declivis 255 

excavata 255 

knysnaensis 119 

kowiensis 119, 225 


puncticulata 118, 225 

species ? 119, 225 

stimpsoni 118 

118 

Turritidae 14 

turritus, Conus 235 

turtoni, Amphithalamus 126, 225 

Cardium 202, 227 

Clionella 17,221 

Cylindrobulla 8,221 


Euthria 50, 222 

Lasea 201 , 227 



Ringieula 7, 221 

Scintilla 196, 227 

turturina, Columbella 234 

Typhis arcuatus 255 

typica, Petricola 247 

typicus, Hemisepius 240 

umbella, Patella 247 

umbilicata, Bulla 231 

lanthina 240 

umbonella, Tellina 252 

Umbonium 153 

vestiarium 153 

Umbrella indica 255 

umlaasiana, Assiminea 135, 225 

Auricula 230 

Nerita 

245 

uncinarius, Murex 59, 223 

uncinata, Hyalaea 240 

undata, Columbella 234 

Cypraea 237 

Hydatina 240 


undatum, Murex 

244 

unguis, Scutum 250 

Ungulina 196 

alfredensis 1%, 227 

unifasciata, Cominella 49, 222 

unilineatus, Cioniscus 233 

Urosalpinx contracta 255 

valida, Phacoides 194,227 

Vanikoridae 140 

Vanikoro 140 


deshayesiana 255 

gueriniana 255 

ligata 255 

variabilis, Mytilus 188, 227 

Patella 143, 226 

Siphonaria 250 

varians, Bankivia 230 


variegata, Cardita 232 

variegatum, Dolium 238 

Solarium 251 

variegatus, Acanthochites 229 

Trochus 254 

variolaria, Cypraea 237 

velaini, Hochstetteria 184, 227 

Venericardia 192 


elata 192, 227 

Veneridae 202 

Venerupis 204 

lajonkairi 255 

rugosis 255 

species ? 204,227 

ventricosa, Harpa 240 

Petricola 247 

Venus abbreviata 255 

africana 255 

corrugatus 255 

declivis 255 

geographica 255 

intersculpta 255 

latilirata 255 

layardi 255 

listeri 255 

malonî 255 

paupercula 

'. 

255 

pectinata 

255 

obsoleta '.. 255 

species ? 204, 227 

sulcaria 

255 

verrucosa 

227 

venusta, Tellina 

252 

Vermetidae 117 

Vermetus conicus 

255 

nebulosus 255 

Vermicularia 

species ? 

tricuspe 

species ? 

vermiculata, Sepia 

Trochus 

vermiculatus, Conus 

225 

255 

117 

117 

250 

254 

235 

verreauxii, Conus 235 

verrucosa, Antigona 204, 227 


Staurodoris 

Venus 

versicolor, Columbella 

251 

260 

234

vertebrata, Pleurotoma 248 

vesiculates, Trivia 98, 224 

vespaceum, Triton 254 

vespertina, Solen 251 

vestiarium, Umbonium 153 

vexillum, Conus 235 

Pinna 247 

Purpura 249 

vidalensis, Tellina 205, 256 

villosiuscula, Anatina 229 

violaceum, Buccinum 231 

virgata, Tellina 252 

virgatus, Trochus 254 

virgulata, Tellina 252 

vitellus, Cypraea 97, 224 

vitrea, Cypraea 237 

Vitrinella arifca 168, 226 

cifara 167, 226 

facira 16S, 226 

ficara 167, 226 

rifaca 167, 226 

Vitrinellidae 167 

Voluta 42 

abyssicola 255 


armata 255 

bullata 42, 222 

festiva 255 

flammeus 255 

ispidula 255 

micans 255 

mitraeformis 255 

ponsonbyi 255 

queketti 255 

scapha 255 

turrita 255 

ziczac 255 

voluta, Bulla 231 

Volutidae 42 

Volutilithes gilchristi 255 

Volutomitra cinnamomea 255 

volva, Mitromorpha 46, 222 

INDEX. 305 

o 

Page. 

Volvatella 8 

laguncula 8, 221 

Volvula 5 

species ? 5, 221 

vulgaris, Margaritifera 242 

Octopus 245 

vulgatum, Cerithium 116, 225 

vulsella, Pinna 247 

Tellina 252 

wahlbergi, Chiton 233 

Iridina 240 

Murex 244 

Purpura 249 

waltonae, Clanculus 151,226 

watsoni, Chiton 233 

weldi, Siliquaria 117,225 

westcotti, Clathurella 234 

wilkiae, Pleurotoma 248 

woodii, Aplysia 230 

Xancus 42 

globulus 42 

truncatus 42 

zanzibariea, Natica 245 

zealanica, Cassis 95, 224 

zebra, Avicula 230 

Neritina 245 

zebrum, Cerithium 233 

zenobia, Turbonilla 79, 224 

zephyrina, Mitra 243 

zeyheri, Marginella 42, 222 

Purpura 249 

Trochus 254 

ziczac, Cypraea 237 

Littorina 241 

Voluta 255 

Ziziphinus euglyptus 255 

multiliratum 255 

Zofra mitriformis 255 

zonaria, Cytherca 237 

zonata, Gibbula....: 160,226 

Marginella 38,222

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