Download PDF as one large file - AToL Decapoda
Download PDF as one large file - AToL Decapoda
Download PDF as one large file - AToL Decapoda
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Technical Series<br />
Volume 8<br />
Number 1<br />
Parti<br />
November 1986<br />
State of Florida<br />
Department of<br />
Environmental Regulation<br />
QcfU fja^<br />
An Illustrated<br />
Marine Decapod Crustacea]<br />
of Florida<br />
Lawrence G. Abele<br />
and<br />
Won Kim<br />
o*'<br />
Illustrated by<br />
Elizabeth Woodsmall
Technical Series<br />
Volume 8<br />
Number 1<br />
Part a<br />
November 1986<br />
State of Florida<br />
Department of<br />
Environmental Regulation<br />
An Illustrated Guide<br />
to the<br />
Marine Decapod Crustaceans<br />
of Florida<br />
Part 1<br />
Lawrence G. Abele<br />
and<br />
Won Kim<br />
Florida State University<br />
Department of Biological Science<br />
Tallah<strong>as</strong>see, Florida 32306<br />
Illustrated by<br />
Elizabeth Woods ma 11<br />
Copyright © 1986 The Florida State University.<br />
All rights reserved.
An Illustrated Guide<br />
to the<br />
Marine Decapod Crustaceans<br />
of Florida<br />
Part 2<br />
Lawrence G. Abele<br />
and<br />
Won Kim<br />
Florida State University<br />
Department of Biological Science<br />
Tallah<strong>as</strong>see, Florida 32306<br />
Illustrated by<br />
Elizabeth Woodsmall<br />
Copyright © 1986 The Florida State University.<br />
All rights reserved.
Contents<br />
List of Species i<br />
List of Species ii<br />
Introduction 1<br />
Brief Review of the Literature 1<br />
Methods and Materials. 2<br />
Cl<strong>as</strong>sification and Arrangement of Taxa 2<br />
Acknowledgments. 3<br />
Diagrammatic Illustration of a Shrimp 4<br />
Diagrammatic Illustration of a Crab 5<br />
Annotated Checklist of the Decapod Crustaceans of Florida 7<br />
Addendum to Checklist 69<br />
Key to Families of Florida Decapods 70<br />
Keys to Species of Florida Decapods 79<br />
Literature Cited 731<br />
Taxonomic Index 748
il List of Species<br />
Suborder Dendrobranchiata<br />
List of Species<br />
[See also Addendum to Checklist]<br />
Family Aristeidae<br />
1. Aristaeomorphafoliacea (Risso, 1827). . 7, 79, 81<br />
2. Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867).. 7, 79, 81<br />
Family Benthesicymidae<br />
3. Bentheogennema intermedia (Bate, 1888) ..7, 79, 81<br />
Family Penaeidae<br />
4. Funchaliavillosa (Bouvier, 1905) 7, 82, 95<br />
5. Metapenaeopsis gerardoi Perez Farfante, 1971 .7, 83, 87<br />
6. Metapenaeopsisgoodei (Smith, 1885)...... .. 7, 83, 87<br />
7. Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt, 1924) 7, 83, 87<br />
8. Parapenaeusamericanus(Rathbun, 1901) .7, 83, 89<br />
9. Parapenaeus politus Smith, 1881.. 7, 83, 89<br />
10. Penaeopsis serrata Bate, 1881 8, 82, 95<br />
11. Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 8, 84, 85, 91<br />
12. Penaeus br<strong>as</strong>iliensis Latreille, 1817 8, 84, 91<br />
13. Penaeus duorarum Burkenroad, 1939 8, 84, 85, 91<br />
14. Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus, 1767) 8, 84, 91<br />
15. Trachypenaeus constrictus (Stimpson, 1874) 8, 85, 93<br />
16. Trachypenaeus similis (Smith, 1885) 8, 85, 93<br />
17. Trachypenaeopsis mobilispinis (Rathbun, 1920) 8, 82, 95<br />
18; Xiphopenaeuskroyeri (Heller, 1862) 8, 82, 95<br />
Family Solenoceridae<br />
19. Hadropenaeus affinis (Bouvier, 1906) 8, 98, 101<br />
20. Hadropenaeus modestus (Smith, 1885) 8, 98, 101<br />
21. Hymenopenaeus aphoticus Burkenroad, 1936 9,98, 103<br />
22. Hymenopenaeus debilis Smith, 1882 ....9, 98, 103<br />
23. Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier, 1905) 9, 97, 107<br />
24. Pleoticus robustus (Smith, 1885) 9, 97, 107<br />
25. Solenocera atlantidis Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />
26. Solenocera necopina Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />
27. Solenocera vioscai Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />
Family Sicyoniidae<br />
28. Sicyonia brevirostris Stimpson, 1871 9, 109, 111<br />
29. Sicyonia burkenroadi Cobb, 1971 9, 109, 113<br />
30. Sicyonia dorsalis Kingsley, 1878 10, 109, 113<br />
31. Sicyonia laevigata Stimpson, 1871 10, 109, 111<br />
32. Sicyoniaparri(Burkenroad, 1934) ••. 10, 109, 111<br />
33. Sicyonia stimpsoni Bouvier, 1905 : 10, 109, 113<br />
34. Sicyonia typica (Boeck, 1864) 10, 109, 111<br />
Family Sergestidae<br />
35. Acetes americanus carolinae Hansen, 1933 10, 115, 123<br />
36. Sergestes armatus Kroyer, 1855 10, 116, 121<br />
37. Sergestes atlanticus H. Milne Edwards, 1830 10, 116, 119<br />
38. Sergestes edwardsii Kroyer, 1855. 10, 116, 121<br />
39. Sergestes henseni (Ortmann, 1893) 10, 116, 119<br />
40. Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudusCmsnier and Forest, 1973 10, 116, 119<br />
41. Sergestespectinatus Sund, 1920... 10, 116, 119<br />
42. Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si Ortmann, 1893 10, 116, 121
List of Species iii<br />
43. Sergestes vigilax Stimpson, 1860 11, 116, 121<br />
44. Sergia extenuatus Burkenroad, 1940..... 11, 117, 123<br />
45. Sergi<strong>as</strong>plendens Sund, 1920.. 11, 117, 123<br />
Family Luciferidae<br />
46. Luciferfaxoni Borradaile, 1915 11, 125, 126a<br />
47. Lucifer typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 11, 125, 126a<br />
Suborder Pleocyemata<br />
Infraorder Stenopodidea<br />
Family Stenopodidae<br />
48. Microprosthema semilaeve (Von Martens, 1872).. 11, 281, 283<br />
49. Odontozona libertae Gore, 1981 11,281,283<br />
50. Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811),.... 11, 281, 283<br />
51. Stenopus scutellatus Rankin, 1898 11, 281, 283<br />
Infraorder Caridea<br />
Family Atyidae<br />
52. Potimirim potimirim (Muller, 1881) ...11, 127, 129<br />
Family Oplophoridae<br />
53. Acanthephyrapurpurea A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 135<br />
54. Janicella spinicduda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883).. 12, 131, 135<br />
55. Oplophorus gracilirostris A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 133<br />
56. Oplophorus spinosus (Bridle, 1839) 12, 131, 133<br />
57. Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)... 12, 131, 135<br />
Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae<br />
58. Leptochela bermudensis Gwney, 1939... 12, 137, 139<br />
59. Leptochela carinata Ortmmn, 1893..... 12, 137, 139<br />
60. LeptochelapapulataCha.ce, 1976........ 12, 137, 139<br />
61. Leptochel<strong>as</strong>erratorbita Bate, 1888 12, 137, 139<br />
Family Bresiliidae<br />
62. Disci<strong>as</strong>atlanticusGurney, 1939...... 12, 141, 143<br />
63. Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostrisLebour, 1949 13, 141, 143<br />
64. PseudocheleschaceiKensley, 1983..... 13, 141, 143<br />
Family Eugonatonotidae<br />
65. Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 13, 145, 147<br />
Family Rhynchocinetidae<br />
66. Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936 13, 145, 147<br />
Family Gnathophyllidae<br />
67. GnathophylloidesmineriSchtmtt,1933............... 13, 149, 151<br />
68. Gnathophyllum americanum Gu6rin-Meneville, 1855...... 13, 149, 151<br />
69. Gnathophyllum circellum Manning, 1963............. 13, 149, 151<br />
70. Gnathophyllum modestum Hay, 1917... 13, 149, 151
iv List of Species<br />
Family Palaemonidae<br />
71. Anchistioides antiguensis (Schmitt, 1924) 13, 153, 191<br />
72. Brachycarpus biunguiculatus (Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849) 13, 152, 191<br />
73. Leanderpaulensis Ortmann, 1897 .. 13, 154, 163<br />
74. Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818) 13, 154, 163<br />
75. Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969 14, 153, 191<br />
76. Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) ., 14, 154, 165<br />
77. Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) 14, 154, 165<br />
78. MacrobrachiumcrenulatumUolihms, 1950 14, 154, 167<br />
79. Macrobrachium oH<strong>one</strong> (Smith, 1874)... 14, 154, 165<br />
80. Macrobrachiumolfersii (Wiegmann, 1836) 14, 154, 165<br />
81. Neopontonides beaufortensis (Borradaile, 1920)..... 14, 153, 191<br />
82. PalaemonfloridanusChacQ, 1942 14, 155, 169<br />
83. Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898). 14, 155, 169<br />
84. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermediusHolthuis, 1949...... 14, 155, 171<br />
85. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes paludosus (Gibbes, 1850) 14, 155, 171<br />
86. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tespugio Holthuis, 1949 14, 155, 171<br />
87. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes vulgaris Say, 1818 . 15, 155, 171<br />
88. Periclimenaeus <strong>as</strong>cidiarwnHolthuis, 1951 15, 156, 173<br />
89. Periclimenaeus atlanticus (Rathbun, 1901)... 15, 157, 177<br />
90. Periclimenaeus bermudensis (Armstrong, 1940) 15, 156, 175<br />
91. Periclimenaeus caraibicus Holthuis, 1951 15, 156, 173<br />
92. Periclimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971 15, 156, 173<br />
93. Periclimenaeus maxillulidens (Schmitt, 1936) 15, 157, 177<br />
94. Periclimenaeuspearsei (Schmitt, 1932)..... 15, 156, 173<br />
95. Periclimenaeus perlatus (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1930) 15, 156, 175<br />
96. Periclimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951 15, 157, 175<br />
97. Periclimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917) 15, 156, 175<br />
98. Periclimenes americanus (Kingsley, 1878). 15, 158, 179<br />
99. Periclimenes harringtoni Lebour, 1949 16, 159, 181<br />
100. PericlimenesiridescensLebour, 1949 16, 159, 181<br />
101. Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860) 16, 158, 179<br />
102. Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 179<br />
103. Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 181<br />
104. Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958 16, 158, 179<br />
105. Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942 16, 159, 183<br />
106. Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924 16, 159, 181<br />
107. Periclimenesyucatanicus (Ives, 1891) 16, 159, 183<br />
108. Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850 16, 160, 185<br />
109. Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869 16, 160, 185<br />
110. Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880 16, 160, 185<br />
111. PontoniopsispaulaeGore, 1981 16, 153, 193<br />
112. Pseudocoutiereaantillensis Chace, 1972 17, 153, 193<br />
113. Tuleariocarisneglecta Chace, 1969 17, 152, 193<br />
114. Typton carneus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />
115. Typton distinctus Chace, 1972. 17, 161, 189<br />
116. Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />
117. Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />
118. Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911 17, 161, 187<br />
119. Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 189<br />
120. Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981 17, 153, 193<br />
Family Alpheidae<br />
121. Alpheopsis labis Chace, 1972 17, 195, 205<br />
122. Alpheopsis trispinosus (Stimpson, 1861) 17, 195, 205<br />
123. Alpheus amblyonyx Chace, 1972 17, 197,209<br />
124. Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901 17, 196,207
List of Species V<br />
125. Alpheus armillatus H. Milne Edwards, 1837. 17, 198,213<br />
126. Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />
127. Alpheus candei Guerin-Meneville, 1855 18, 197, 209<br />
128. Alpheus cristulifrons Rathbun, 1900 18, 198,211<br />
129. Alpheus cylindricus Kingsley, 1878 18, 196,207<br />
130. Alpheusestuariensis Christoffersen, 1984 18, 198,211<br />
131. Alpheus floridanus Kingsley, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />
132. Alpheusformosus Gibbes, 1850 18, 197,207<br />
133. Alpheus heterochaelis Say, 1818 18, 198, 213<br />
134. AlpheusmalleatorDana, 1852 18, 197,207<br />
135. AlpheusnormanniKingsley, 1878 18, 198,211<br />
136. Alpheus nuttingi (Schmitt, 1924) 18, 199,215<br />
137. Alpheus paracrinitus Miers, 1881 18, 199,215<br />
138. Alpheuspe<strong>as</strong>ei (Armstrong, 1940) 19, 197, 211<br />
139. Alpheus schmitti Chace, 1972 19, 199, 213<br />
140. Alpheus thom<strong>as</strong>i Hendrix and Gore, 1973 , 19, 197,209<br />
141. Alpheus viridari (Armstrong, 1949) 19, 198, 213<br />
142. Alpheus websteri Kingsley, 1880 19, 197,209<br />
143. Automate evermanni Rathbun, 1901. 19, 200, 217<br />
144. Automate gardineriCouti&e, 1902 19, 200, 217<br />
145. Automate rectifrons Chace, 1972 ... 19, 200, 217<br />
146. Leptalpheusforceps Williams, 1965 .. 19, 194, 229<br />
147. Metalpheus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890) 19, 194, 229<br />
148. Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong>Pequeznat and Heard, 1979 ............... 19, 201, 219<br />
149. Synalpheus apioceros Coutiere, 1909 19,203,227<br />
150. Synalpheus bousfieldi Chace, 1972 20, 202, 221<br />
151. Synalpheus brevicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 203, 225<br />
152. Synalpheus brooksi Coutiere, 1909 20 ,202, 221<br />
153. Synalpheus curagaoensis Schmitt, 1924 20, 203, 225<br />
154. Synalpheusfritzmuelieri Coutibre, 1909...... 20, 203, 227<br />
155. Synalpheus goodei Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 225<br />
156. SynalpheusheardiDardeau, 1984 20, 201, 219<br />
157. Synalpheus hemphilli Coutiere, 1909 .20, 203, 227<br />
158. Synalpheus herricki Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 223<br />
159. Synalpheus longicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 202, 223<br />
160. Synalpheus mcclendoni Coutiere, 1910 . 20 ,202, 221<br />
161. Synalpheus minus (Say, 1818) 20, 203, 225<br />
162. Synalpheuspandionis Coutiere, 1909 21, 202, 223<br />
163. SynalpheusparaneptunusCoutiere, 1909.... 21, 202, 223<br />
164. Synalpheuspectiniger Coutiere, 1907 21, 201, 219<br />
165. Synalpheusrathbunae Coutiere, 1909 21, 201, 219<br />
166. Synalpheus sanctithomae Coutiere, 1909 21 ,202,221<br />
167. Synalpheus townsendi Coutiere, 1909 21, 203, 227<br />
168. Thunor simus (Guenn-Meiieville, 1856) .....;..... 21, 194, 229<br />
Family Hippolytidae<br />
169. Bythocaris nana Smith, 1885 21,230,249<br />
170. Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948)... 21, 230, 249<br />
171. Hippolyte coerulescens (Fabricius, 1775).................. 21, 231, 237<br />
172. Hippolyte curagaoensis Schmitt, 1924..... 21, 231, 237<br />
173. Hippolyte nicholsoni Chace, 1972 21, 231, 237<br />
174. Hippolytepleuracanthus (Stimpson, 1871)...... 21, 231, 237<br />
175. Hippolyte zostericola (Smith, 1873) 22, 231, 239<br />
176. Latreutesfucorum (Fabricius, 1798) 22, 232, 241<br />
177. Latreutesparvulus (Stimpson, 1866).... 22, 232, 241<br />
178. Lysmata amboinensis (DeMan, 1888) ... 22, 233, 243<br />
179. Lysmata intermedia (Kingsley, 1878) 22, 233, 243
vi List of Species<br />
180. LysmatarathbunaeCha.ce, 1970 .. 22, 233, 243<br />
181. Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850) 22, 233, 243<br />
182. Merhippolyte americana Holthms, 1961 22, 230, 249<br />
183. Thor amboinensis (DeMan, 1888) 22, 234, 245<br />
184. Thor dobkini Chace, 1972 .. 22, 234, 245<br />
185. Thorfloridanus Kingsley, 1878 22, 234, 245<br />
186. Thormanningi Chace, 1972 22, 234, 245<br />
187. Tozeuma carolinense Kingsley, 1878 22, 235, 247<br />
188. Tozeuma cornutum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 22, 235, 247<br />
189. Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 23, 235, 247<br />
190. Trachycaris restrictus (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 23, 230, 249<br />
Family Ogyrididae<br />
191. Ogyrides alphaerostris (Kingsley, 1880) 23, 251, 253<br />
192. Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981 23, 251, 253<br />
Family Processidae<br />
193. Ambidexter symmetricus Manning and Chace, 1971 ,. ......23, 254, 261<br />
194. Nikoides schmitti Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 254, 261<br />
195. Processa bermudensis (Rankin, 1900) 23, 255, 257<br />
196. Processa fimbriata Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 257<br />
197. Processa guyanae Holthuis, 1959 23, 255, 259<br />
198. Processa hemphilli Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />
199. Processa profunda Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />
200. Processa riveroi Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />
201. Processa vicina Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />
Family Pandalidae<br />
202. Pantomus parvulus A. Milne Edwards, 1883 .24, 262, 269<br />
203. Plesionika acanthonotus (Smith, 1882) 24, 263, 265<br />
204. Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) 24, 263, 265<br />
205. Plesionika ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />
206. Plesionika escatilis (Stimpson, I860)........ 24, 263, 267<br />
207. Plesionika longicauda (Rathbun, 1901) 24, 263, 267<br />
208. Plesionika martia (A. Milne Edwards, 1883) 24, 263, 267<br />
209. Plesionika tenuipes (Smith, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />
210. Stylopandalus richardi (Coutiere, 1905) 24, 262, 269<br />
Family Crangonidae<br />
211. Crangon septemspinosa Say, 1818 25, 271, 273<br />
212. Metacrangonjacquetiag<strong>as</strong>sizii(Smith, 1882) 25, 271, 273<br />
213. Parapontocariscaribbaea (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927) 25, 271, 273<br />
214. Philocer<strong>as</strong> gorei (Dardeau, 1980).... 25, 271, 275<br />
215. Pontophilus brevirostris Smith, 1881 25, 271, 275<br />
Family Glyphocrangonidae<br />
216. Glyphocrangon haematonotus Holthuis, 1971 25, 277, 279<br />
217. Glyphocrangon longleyi Schmitt, 1931 25, 277, 279<br />
218. Glyphocrangon spinicauda A. Milne Edwards, 1881 25, 277, 279<br />
Infraorder Astacidea<br />
Family Nephropidae<br />
219. Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 25, 285, 287<br />
220. Metanephrops binghami (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927) 26, 285, 287<br />
221. Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881....... 26, 285, 287
Infraorder Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea<br />
List of Species vii<br />
Family Axiidae<br />
222. Axiopsis hirsutimana (Boesch and Smalley, 1972) .. 26, 289, 291<br />
223. Axiopsis oxypleura (Williams, 1974) 26, 289, 291<br />
224. Axiopsis serratifrons (A. Milne Edwards, 1873) 26, 289, 291<br />
225. Coralaxius abelei Kensley and Gore, 1981 26, 289, 291<br />
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />
226. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus (Stimpson, 1866) 26, 294, 296, 299<br />
227. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica Rathbun, 1926 26, 294, 297, 301<br />
228. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis Biffar, 1971 26, 295, 305<br />
229. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri (Rathbun, 1900) .. 26, 295, 297, 303<br />
230. Callian<strong>as</strong>safragilis Biffar, 1970. ... 26,294,297, 301<br />
231. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutingaRodrigues, 1966 26, 294, 296, 299<br />
232. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense Schmitt, 1935 27, 295, 296, 303<br />
233. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris A. Milne Edwards, 1870 27, 294, 296, 299<br />
234. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa marginata Rathbun, 1901 ......27, 295, 296, 305<br />
235. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta Biffar, 1970 27,295,303<br />
236. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathbunae Schmitt, 1935 27, 294, 296, 299<br />
237. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilobata Biffar, 1970 27, 295, 297, 303<br />
238. Callichirusislagrande (Schmitt, 1935) 27, 295, 296, 307<br />
239. Callichirus major (Sty, 1818) 27, 295, 296, 297, 307<br />
240. Gourretia latispina Pawson, 1967) .......27, 293, 296, 307<br />
Family Upogebiidae<br />
241. Upogebia affinis (Say, 1818) 27, 309, 311<br />
242. Upogebia operculata Schmitt, 1924 27, 309, 311<br />
Infraorder Palinura<br />
Family Palinuridae<br />
243. Justitia longimanus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837).... 27, 313, 315<br />
244. Panulirus argus (Ltixeille, 1804) .. .27,313, 315<br />
245. Panulirus guttatus (Latreille, 1804) 28, 313, 315<br />
246. Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille, 1817) 28, 313, 315<br />
Family Scyllaridae<br />
247. Parribacus antarcticus (Lund, 1793).. .28, 316, 321<br />
248. Scyllarides aequinoctialis(Lund, 1793).. 28, 317, 319<br />
249. Scyllarides nodifer (Stimpson, 1866) 28, 317, 319<br />
250. Scyllarus americanus (Smith, 1869) 28, 317, 321<br />
251. Scyllarus chacei Holthuis, 1960 28, 317, 321<br />
252. Scyllarus depressus (Smith, 1881) 28, 317, 321<br />
Family Synaxidae<br />
253. Palinurellus gK/uflacte (Von Martens, 1881) 28, 323, 325<br />
Infraorder Anomura<br />
Family Coenobitidae<br />
254. Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst, 1791) 28, 327, 329<br />
Family Diogenidae<br />
255. Calcinus tihicen (Herbst, 1791) 28, 330, 353<br />
256. Cancellus ornatusBenedict, 1901 .....28, 331, 337<br />
257. Cancellus viridis Mayo, 1973 ..". 29, 331, 337
Vlii List of Species<br />
258. Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1862 29, 331, 339<br />
259. Clibanarius cubensis (Saussure, 1858) 29, 331, 339<br />
260. Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850) 29, 331, 339<br />
261. Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802) 29,331,339<br />
262. Dardanusfucosus Biffar and Provenzano, 1972 29,332,341<br />
263. Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858) . 29, 332, 341<br />
264. Dardanus venosus(H.MilneEdwards, 1848).. 29,332,341<br />
265. Isocheles wurdemanni Stimpson, 1862 .....29, 330, 353<br />
266. Paguristes anomalus Bouvier, 1918 29, 334, 349<br />
267. Paguristes cadenati Forest, 1954 29, 334, 349<br />
268. PaguristeserythropsHolthuis, 1959 29, 334, 347<br />
269. Paguristes grayi Benedict, 1901 29, 334, 345<br />
270. Paguristes hernancortezi McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 29, 334, 349<br />
271. Paguristes hummiW<strong>as</strong>s, 1955. 30, 333, 343<br />
272. Paguristes inconstans McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 345<br />
273. Paguristes invisisacculus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 335, 353<br />
274. Paguristes laticlavus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 343<br />
275. Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974. 30, 334, 351<br />
276. Paguristes lymani A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 30, 333, 343<br />
277. Paguristes moorei Benedict, 1901 30, 333, 345<br />
278. Paguristes oxyophthalmus Holthuis, 1959 30, 333, 343<br />
279. Paguristes puncticeps Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 347<br />
280. Paguristes sericeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />
281. Paguristes spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />
282. Paguristes starcki Provenzano, 1965 30, 334, 351<br />
283. Paguristes tenuirostris Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 349<br />
284. Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933 31, 335, 351<br />
285. Paguristes triangulatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 31, 333, 345<br />
286. Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si Provenzano, 1961 31, 334, 351<br />
287. Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758) 31, 330, 353<br />
Family Lithodidae<br />
288. Paralomis cubensis Chace, 1939 31, 355, 357<br />
Family Paguridae<br />
289. Agaricochirus acanthinus McLaughlin, 1982 31, 361, 367<br />
290. Agaricochirus alexandri (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />
291. Agaricochirus boletifer (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />
292. Agaricochirus gibbosimanus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 367<br />
293. Anisopagurus bartletti (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 369<br />
294. Anisopagurus pygmaeus (Bouvier, 1918) 31, 361, 369<br />
295. Catapagurus sharrei A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 387<br />
296. Iridopagurus caribbensis (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 32, 362, 371<br />
297. Iridopagurus globulus De Saint Laurent-Dechance\ 1966 32, 362, 371<br />
298. Iridopagurus iris (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 32, 362, 371<br />
299. Iridopagurus reticulatus Garcia G6mez, 1983 32, 362, 371<br />
300. Iridopagurus violaceus De Saint Laurent-Dechanc6,1966 32, 362, 373<br />
301. Manucomplanus corallinus(Benedict, 1892) 32, 360, 387<br />
302. Nematopaguroidespusillus Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967..... 32, 359, 387<br />
303. Ostraconotus spatulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 389<br />
304. Pagurus annulipes (Stimpson, 1860) 32, 363, 379<br />
305. Pagurus brevidactylus (Stimpson, 1859).. 33, 363, 375<br />
306. Pagurus carolinensis McLaughlin, 1975 33, 363, 375<br />
307. Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852) 33, 363, 379<br />
308. Pagurusdefensus(Benedict, 1892).... 33, 364, 381<br />
309. Pagurus gymnodactylus Lemaitre, 1982 33, 363, 377<br />
310. Pagurus impressus (Benedict, 1892) 33, 363, 377<br />
311. Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1817 33, 364, 381
List of Species IX<br />
312. Pagurusmaclaughlinae Garcia Gdmez, 1982.. . 33, 363, 377<br />
313. Pagurus marshi Benedict, 1901 33, 363, 377<br />
314. PaguruspierceiWzss, 1963 33, 364, 381<br />
315. Pagurus politus (Smith, 1882) 33, 364, 379<br />
316. Paguruspollicaris Say, 1817 33, 363, 375<br />
317. Pagurus provenzanoi Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967 34, 362, 375<br />
318. Pagurus stimpsoni (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 364, 379<br />
319. Phimochirus holthuisi (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />
320. Phimochirus leurocarpus McLaughlin, 1981 34, 365, 383<br />
321. Phimochirus operculatus (Stimpson, 1859) 34, 365, 383<br />
322. Phimochirus randalli (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />
323. Pylopaguropsis atlanticaW<strong>as</strong>s, 1963 ..' 34, 359, 389<br />
324. Pylopagurus discoidalis (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 34, 359, 389<br />
325. Rhodochirus rosaceus (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)..... 34, 360, 389<br />
326. Solenopagurus lineatus (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 359, 391<br />
327. Tomopaguropsis problematica (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 359, 391<br />
328. Tomopagurus chacei (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 365, 387<br />
329. Tomopagurus cokeri (Hay, 1917) 34, 365, 385<br />
330. Tomopagurus cubensis (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) .. 35, 365, 385<br />
331. Tomopagurus rubropunctatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 35, 365, 385<br />
332. Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si McLaughlin, 1981 35, 365, 385<br />
Family Chirostylidae<br />
333. Uroptychus armatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 35, 393, 395<br />
Family Galatheidae<br />
334. Galathearostrata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35> 397, 409<br />
335. Munida angulata Benedict, 1902 35, 398,405<br />
336. Munida affinis A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 405<br />
337. Munidaforceps A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />
338. Munida iris iris A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />
339. Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a A. Milne Edwards, 1880... , 35, 398, 403<br />
340. Munida longipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 405<br />
341. Munida miles A. Milne Edwards, 1880 36, 397, 401<br />
342. Munidapusilla Benedict, 1902 36, 398, 403<br />
343. Munida santipauli Henderson, 1885 36, 397,401<br />
344. Munida simplex Benedict, 1902....... , 36, 398, 405<br />
345. Munida spinifrons Henderson, 1885 36, 397, 401<br />
346. Munida stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880..... 36, 398, 407<br />
347. Munida valida Smith, 1883... 36, 398, 401<br />
348. Munidopsis armata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)..... 36, 399,407<br />
349. Munidopsisplatirostris (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1894).... 36, 399, 407<br />
350. Munidopsis polita (Smith, 1883) 36, 399, 407<br />
Family Porcellanidae<br />
351. Euceramuspraelongus Stimpson, 1860 36, 410,425<br />
352. Megalobrachiumpoeyi (G\i6rin-M6nevMe, 1855)...... 37, 412, 415<br />
353. Megalobrachiumsoriatum (Say, 1818)............ 37,412,415<br />
354. Neopisosoma angustifrons (Benedict, 1901) 37, 410, 425<br />
355. Pachycheles ackleianus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 37, 412, 417<br />
356. Pachychelesmonilifer (Dana, 1852) 37,412,419<br />
357. Pachychelespilosus(H.MilneEdwards, 1837). 37, 412, 417<br />
358. Pachycheles riisei (Stimpson, 1858) 37, 412, 417<br />
359. Pachycheles rugimanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880....... ..37,412,417<br />
360. Parapetrolisthes tortugensis (Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945).... 37, 410, 425<br />
361. Petrolisthesarmatus (Gibbes, 1850) 37, 413, 421<br />
362. Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1802) 37, 413, 421<br />
363. Petrolisthes jugosus Streets, 1872 37, 413, 421
X List of Species<br />
364. Petrolisthes politus (Gray, 1831) .. 38, 413, 421<br />
365. Polyonyx gibbesi Haig, 1956 38, 410, 425<br />
366. Porcellana sayana (Leach, 1820) 38, 413, 423<br />
367. Porcellana sigsbeiana A. Milne Edwards, 1880. , 38,413,423<br />
368. Porcellana stimpsord A.MilneEdwards, 1880 38, 413, 423<br />
Family Albuneidae<br />
369. Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859 38, 427, 429<br />
370. Albunea/wm« Guerin-Meneville, 1853 38, 427, 429<br />
371. Lepidopa benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 427, 429<br />
372. Lepidopa websteri Benedict, 1903 38, 427, 429<br />
373. Zygopa michaelis Holthuis, 1960 38, 427, 431<br />
Family Hippidae<br />
374. Emerita benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />
375. Emeritaportoricensis Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />
376. Emerita talpoida (Say, 1817). 38, 433, 435<br />
377. Hippa cubensis(Smssure, 1857)... 38,433,435<br />
Infraorder Brachyura<br />
Family Dromiidae<br />
378. Dromia erythropus (George Edwards, 1771) 39, 437, 441<br />
379. Dromidia antillensis Stimpson, 1858 39, 437, 441<br />
380. Hypoconcha arcuata Stimpson, 1858 39, 437, 439<br />
381. Hypoconcha sabulosa (Herbst, 1799) 39, 437, 439<br />
382. Hypoconcha spinosissima Rathbun, 1933 39, 437, 439<br />
Family Homoiodromiidae<br />
383. Dicranodromia ovata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39, 443, 445<br />
Family Cymonomidae<br />
384. Cymonomus quadratus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39,443, 445<br />
385. Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi A. Milne Edwards andBouvier, 1899 39, 443, 445<br />
Family Cyclodorippidae<br />
386. Clythrocerus granulatus (Rathbun, 1898) 39, 447, 449<br />
387. Clythrocerus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39, 447, 449<br />
388. Clythrocerus stimpsoni Rathbun, 1937 39, 447, 449<br />
389. Tymolus antennaria (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39, 447, 449<br />
Family Homolidae<br />
390. Homola barbata (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 451, 453<br />
Family Latreilliidae<br />
391. Latreillia manningi Williams, 1982.... 40,451, 453<br />
Family Raninidae<br />
392. Lyreidus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40, 455, 459<br />
393. Ranilia constricta (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40, 455, 457<br />
394. Ranilia muricata H. Milne Edwards, 1837 40,455,457<br />
395. Raninoides loevis (Latreille, 1825) . 40, 455, 457<br />
396. Raninoides louisianensis Rathbun, 1933 40, 455, 457<br />
397. Symethis variolosa (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 455, 459
List of Species xi<br />
Family Dorippidae<br />
398. Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana A. Milne Edwards, 1880... 40, 461, 463<br />
399. Ethusa microphthalma Smith, 1881.. 40, 461, 463<br />
400. Ethusa tenuipes Rathbun, 1897 41, 461, 463<br />
401. Ethusa truncata A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899 41, 461, 463<br />
Family Calappidae<br />
402. Acanthocarpus alexandri Stimpson, 1871 . 41, 465, 469<br />
403. Acanthocarpus bispinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 ...41, 465, 469<br />
404. Calappa angusta A. Milne Edwards, 1880.... 41, 466, 471<br />
405. Calappaflammea (Herbst, 1794) I. 42, 466, 471<br />
406. Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803) 41, 466, 471<br />
407. Calappa ocellata Holthuis, 1958 41,466,473<br />
408. Calappa sulcata Rathbun, 1898 41, 466, 471<br />
409. Cycloes bairdii Stimpson, 1860 ... 41, 465, 477<br />
410. Hepatus epheliticus (Linnaeus, 1763) 41, 466, 475<br />
411. Hepatuspudibundus (Herbst, 1785) 41, 466, 475<br />
412. Osachila antillensis Rathbun, 1898 42, 467, 477<br />
413. Osachila semilevis Rathbun, 1916 42, 467, 477<br />
414. Osachila tuberosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 467, 477<br />
Family Leucosiidae<br />
415. Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per Stimpson, 1871 42, 479, 491<br />
416. Ebalia cariosa (Stimpson, 1860) 42,480,483<br />
417. Ebalia stimpsonii A. Milne Edwards, 1880 42,480,483<br />
418. Iliacantha intermedia Miers, 1886.. •... .. 42, 480, 485<br />
419. Iliacantha liodaptylusRathbun, 1898 42,480,485<br />
420. Iliacantha sparsa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 485<br />
421. Iliacantha subglobosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 485<br />
422. Lithadia cadaverosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 487<br />
423. Lithadia granulosa A. Milne Edwards, 1880.. 42, 480, 487<br />
424. Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, 1871 ,. 42, 479, 491<br />
425. Persephona crinita Rathbun, 1931.. 42,481,487<br />
426. Persephona mediterranea (Herbst, 1794) 43, 481, 487<br />
427. Speloeophorus elevatusRathbun, 1898.......... ,43, 481, 489<br />
428. Speloeophorus nodosus (Bell, 1855) 43, 481, 489<br />
429. Speloeophoruspontifer (Stimpson, 1871) 43, 481, 489<br />
430. Uhli<strong>as</strong> limbatus Stimpson, 1871 43, 479, 491<br />
Family Majidae<br />
431. AcanthonyxpetiveriiH. Milne Edwards, 1834 43,495, 545<br />
432. Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman, 1873) 43, 493, 545<br />
433. Aepinus septemspinosus (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 43,493, 547<br />
434. An<strong>as</strong>imus latus Rathbun, 1894 43, 494, 547<br />
435. Anomalothir furcillatus (Stimpson, 1871). 43, 493, 547<br />
436. Arachnopsis filipes Stimpson, 1871.... 43,493, 547<br />
437. Batrachonotusfragosus Stimpson, 1871 43, 493, 549<br />
438. Chorinus hews (Herbst, 1790) 44, 494, 549<br />
439. Coelocerus spinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875 44, 496, 549<br />
440. Collodes leptocheles Rathbun, 1894 .........44,497,509<br />
441. Collodes nudus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497<br />
442. Collodes obesus A. Milne Edwards, 1878 ........44, 497, 509<br />
443. Collodes robustus Smith, 1883 44, 497, 509<br />
444. Collodes trispinosus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497* 509<br />
445. Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 44, 498, 511<br />
446. Epialtus dilatatus A.Milne Edwards, 1878 44, 498, 511<br />
447. Epialtus dilatatus forma elongata Rathbun, 1923........ 44, 498, 513
xil List of Species<br />
448. Epialtus kingsleyi Rathbun, 1923 44, 498, 511<br />
449. Epialtus longirostris Stimpson, 1860 .....44, 498, 511<br />
450. Euprognatha gracilipes A. Milne Edwards, 1878 .. 44, 499, 513<br />
451. Euprognatha r<strong>as</strong>tellifera Stimpson, 1871 45,499, 513<br />
452. Hemus cristulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1875 45, 495, 549<br />
453. Inachoidesforceps A. Milne Edwards, 1879 ....45, 494, 551<br />
454. Leptopisa setirostris (Stimpson, 1871) 45,496, 551<br />
455. Libiniadubia H.Milne Edwards, 1834 45, 499, 515<br />
456. Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815. 45, 499, 515<br />
457. Libinia erinacea (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 45, 499, 515<br />
458. Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />
459. Macrocoeloma diplacanthum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />
460. Macrocoeloma eutheca (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />
461. Macrocoeloma laevigatum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />
462. Macrocoeloma septemspinosum (Stimpson, 1871).... 45, 500, 521<br />
463. Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 500, 517<br />
464. Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum (Latreille, 1825) 46, 500, 517<br />
465. Macrocoeloma trispinosum nodipes (Desbonne, 1867) 46, 500, 517<br />
466. Macrocoeloma trispinosum, variety 46, 500, 517<br />
467. Metoporhaphis calcarata (Say, 1818) 46, 494, 551<br />
468. Microphrys antillensis Rathbun, 1920 46, 501, 521<br />
469. Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille, 1825) 46, 501, 521<br />
470. Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson, 1870 46, 501, 523<br />
471. Mithrax caribbaeusRathbun, 1900.... ...46, 502, 527<br />
472. Mithrax cinctimanus (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 502, 527<br />
473. Mithrax comutus Saussure, 1857 46, 501, 523<br />
474. Mithrax coryphe (Herbst, 1801) 46, 503, 529<br />
475. Mithrax forceps (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 47, 503, 529<br />
476. Mithrax hemphilli Rathbun, 1892 47, 502, 525<br />
477. Mithrax hispidus (Herbst, 1790) 47, 502, 525<br />
478. Mithrax holderi Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 525<br />
479. Mithrax pilosus Rathbun, 1892 .........47, 501, 523<br />
480. Mithrax pleuracanthus Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 527<br />
481. Mithrax ruber (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 503, 529<br />
482. Mithrax sculptus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 503, 529<br />
483. Mithrax spinosissimus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 501, 523<br />
484. Mithrax tortugae Rathbun, 1920 47, 502, 527<br />
485. Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832 47, 501, 502, 525<br />
486. Mocosoa crebripunctata Stimpson, 1871 47, 495, 551<br />
487. Nibilia antilocapra (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 494, 553<br />
488. Oplopisa spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1879 48,494, 553<br />
489. Pelia mutica (Gibbes, 1850) 48, 494, 553<br />
490. Picroceroides tubularis Miers, 1886 48, 495, 553<br />
491. Pitho aculeata (Gibbes, 1850) 48, 504, 531<br />
492. Pitho anisodon (Von Martens, 1872) ..48, 504, 531<br />
493. Pitho laevigata (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 48, 504, 531<br />
494. Pitho Iherminieri (Schramm, 1867) 48, 504, 531<br />
495. Pitho mirabilis (Herbst, 1794) 48, 504, 533<br />
496. Pitho quadridentata (Mien, 1879) .48, 504, 533<br />
497. Podochela curvirostris (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 48, 505, 535<br />
498. Podochela gracilipes Stimpson, 1871 48, 505, 535<br />
499. Podochela lamelligera (Stimpson, 1871) 48, 505, 535<br />
500. Podochela macrodera Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 535<br />
501. Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 537<br />
502. Podochela sidneyi Rathbun, 1924 49, 505, 537<br />
503. Pyromaia arachnaRathbun, 1924 49, 506, 539<br />
504. Pyromaia cuspidata Stimpson, 1871..... 49, 506, 539
List of Species xiii<br />
505. Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)... 49, 506, 541<br />
506. Rochinia hystrix (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />
507. Rochinia tanneri (Smith, 1883) 49, 506, 541<br />
508. Rochinia umbonata (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />
509. Sphenocarcinus corrosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875. 49, 495, 555<br />
510. Stenocionopsfurcata coelata (A. Milne Edwards, 1878). 49, 507, 543<br />
511. Stenocionops furcata furcata (Olivier, 1791)........ 49, 507, 543<br />
512. Stenocionops spinimana (Rathbun, 1892) ... 50, 507, 543<br />
513. Stenocionops spinosissima (Saussure, 1857) 50, 507, 543<br />
514. Stenorhynchus seticornis (Herbst, 1788) 50,494, 555<br />
515. Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margarilifera (Monod, 1939) 50,495, 555<br />
516. Thoe puella Stimpson, 1860 , 50, 495, 555<br />
517. Tyche emarginata White, 1847 50, 495, 557<br />
Family Parthenopidae<br />
518. Cryptopodia concava Stimpson, 1871 50, 558, 565<br />
519. Heterocrypta granulata (Gibbes, 1850) 50, 558, 565<br />
520. Leiolambrus nitidus Rathbun, 1901 50, 558, 565<br />
521. Mesorhoea sexspinosa Stimpson, 1871 50, 558, 565<br />
522. Parthenope agona (Stimpson, 1871) 50, 559, 561<br />
523. Parthenopefraterculus (Stimpson, 1871)..... ...51, 559, 563<br />
524. Parthenope granulata (Kingsley, 1879) 51, 559, 561<br />
525. Parthenope pourtalesii (Stimpson, 1871) 51, 559, 561<br />
526. Parthenope serrata(H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 51, 559, 561<br />
527. Solenolambrus decemspinosus Rathbun, 1894 51, 559, 563<br />
528. Solenolambrus typicus Stimpson, 1871 ........51, 559, 563<br />
529. Solenolambrus tenellus Stimpson, 1871 51, 559, 563<br />
530. Tutankhamen cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 51, 558, 567<br />
Family Atelecyclidae<br />
531. Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne Edwards, 1880..... 51, 569, 571<br />
Family Cancridae<br />
532. Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 51, 569, 571<br />
533. Cancer irroratus Say, 1817 52, 569, 571<br />
Family Geryonidae<br />
534. Geryonfenneri Manning and Hothuis, 1984.. 52, 569, 571<br />
Family Portunidae<br />
535. Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818)... 52, 572, 589<br />
536. Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871 52, 572, 589<br />
537. Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti Rathbun, 1931 52, 572, 589<br />
538. Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879.. 52, 573, 577<br />
539. Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 52, 573, 579<br />
540. Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus (Gerstaecker, 1856). 52, 573, 579<br />
541. CallinecteslarvatusOrdwy, 1863 52, 573, 577<br />
542. Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863 52, 573, 579<br />
543. Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 52, 573, 577<br />
544. Callinectes similis Williams, 1966 53, 573, 577<br />
545. Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818) \. 53, 573, 581<br />
546. Cronius tumidulus (Stimpson, 1871) 53, 573, 581<br />
547. Ovalipesfloridanus Hay and Shore, 1918 53, 574, 581<br />
548. Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976... 53, 574, 581<br />
549. Portunus anceps (Saussure, 1858) 53, 574, 583<br />
550. Portunus binoculus Holthuis, 1969 53, 575, 587<br />
551. Portunus depressifrons (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 575, 585<br />
552. Portunusfloridanus Rathbun, 1930.. 53, 575, 585<br />
553. Portunus gibbesii (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 574, 583
xiv List of Species<br />
554. Portunus ordwayi (Stimpson, 1860) 53, 575, 587<br />
555. Portunus sayi (Gibbes, 1850) 53, 574, 583<br />
556. Portunussebae(H.MilneEdwards, 1834) 54, 575, 585<br />
557. Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871) 54, 575, 587<br />
558. Portunus- spinimanus Latreille, 1819 54, 575, 587<br />
559. Portunus ventralis (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) ....54, 574, 585<br />
560. Portunus vocans (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 54, 574, 583<br />
Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae<br />
561. Chacellus filiformis Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 595<br />
562. Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus(Dana, 1852)... 54, 592, 595<br />
563. Euphrosynoplax clausa Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 597<br />
564. Euryplax nitida Stimpson, 1859 54, 592, 597<br />
565. Frevillea barbata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 54, 593, 595<br />
566. Frevillea hirsuta (Borradaile, 1916) 54, 593, 595<br />
567. Glyptoplax smithii A. Milne Edwards, 1880. 54, 592, 597<br />
568. G<strong>one</strong>plax sigsbei (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) .. 54, 591, 597<br />
569. Nanoplaxxanthiformis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)....... ..55, 591, 599<br />
570. Neopilumnoplaxamericana (Rathbun, 1898) 55, 591, 599<br />
571. Panoplax depressa Stimpson, 1871 55, 592, 599<br />
572. Pilumnoplax elata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 55, 591<br />
573. Pseudorhombila quadridentata (Latreille, 1828) 55, 592, 599<br />
574. Sotoplax robertsi Guinot, 1984.... 55, 592, 601<br />
575. Speocarcinus lobatus Guinot, 1969 55, 592, 601<br />
576. Thal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta Guinot, 1969.... 55, 591, 601<br />
577. Trapezioplax tridentata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880).. 55, 592, 601<br />
Family Xanthidae<br />
578. Actaeaacantha(R. Milne Edwards, 1834) 55, 607, 615<br />
579. Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898 55, 607, 615<br />
580. Allactaea lithostrota Williams, 1974 55, 604, 649<br />
581. Banareia palmeri (Rathbun, 1894) 56, 604, 649<br />
582. Carpilius corallinus (Herbst, 1783) 56, 603, 651<br />
583. Carpoporus papulosus Stimpson, 1871 56, 604, 651<br />
584. Cataleptodiusfloridanus (Gibbes, 1850) 56, 604, 651<br />
585. Chlorodiella longimana (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 56, 605, 653<br />
586. Domecia acanthophora acanthophora (Desbonne and Schramm, 1867) 56, 606, 653<br />
587. Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781) 56, 606, 653<br />
588. Etisus maculatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 605, 653<br />
589. Eurypanopeus abbreviatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 607, 617<br />
590. Eurypanopeus depressus (Smith, 1869) .56, 607, 617<br />
591. Eurypanopeus dissimilis (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 56, 607, 617<br />
592. Eurypanopeus turgidus (Rathbun, 1930) 56, 607, 617<br />
593. Eurytium limosum (Say, 1818) 56, 606, 655<br />
594. Glyptoxanthus erosus (Stimpson, 1859) 57,603, 655<br />
595. Heteractaea ceratopus (Stimpson, 1860) 57, 604, 655<br />
596. Hexapanopeus angustifrons (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 57, 608, 621<br />
597. Hexapanopeus caribbaeus (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 608, 619<br />
598. Hexapanopeus hemphillii (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 57, 608, 621<br />
599. Hexapanopeus lobipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 57, 608, 619<br />
600. Hexapanopeuspaulensis Rathbun, 1930 57, 608, 619<br />
601. Hexapanopeus quinquedentatus Rathbun, 1901 57, 608, 621<br />
602. Leptodius parvulus (Fabricius, 1793) 57, 604, 655<br />
603. Lobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 606, 657<br />
604. Melybia thalamita Stimpson, 1871 57, 606, 657<br />
605. Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818) 57, 608, 623<br />
606. Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 58, 608, 623<br />
607. Micropanope barbadensis (Rathbun, 1921) 58, 609, 627
608. Micropanope lobifrons A. Milne Edwards, 1880... .. ,. . 58, 609, 625<br />
609. Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898) 58, 609, 627<br />
610. Micropanopepusilla A. Milne Edwards, 1880 ....58, 609, 625<br />
611. Micropanope sculptipes Stimpson, 1871 58, 609, 625<br />
612. Micropanope spinipes A.Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />
613. Micropanope urinator (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 58, 609, 627<br />
614. Neopanope packardii (Kingsley, 1879) 58, 609, 629<br />
615. Neopanope sayi (Smith, 1869) 58, 609, 629<br />
616. Neopanope texana (Stimpson, 1859) 58, 609, 629<br />
617. Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857 58, 610, 631<br />
618. Panopeus bermudensis Benedict and Rathbun, 1891 .59, 610, 631<br />
619. Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869 59, 611, 635<br />
620. Panopeus herbstii H. Milne Edwards, 1834.... .59, 610, 631<br />
621. Panopeus lacustris Desbonne, 1867 59, 610, 633<br />
622. Panopeus obesus Smith, 1869 59, 610, 633<br />
623. Panopeus occidentalis Saussure, 1857 59, 611, 635<br />
624. Panopeus rugosus A. Milne Edwards, 1880.... 59, 610, 633<br />
625. Panopeus ttm/wo/u Rathbun, 1930..... 59, 610, 631<br />
626. Paractaea rufopunctata nodosa (Stimpson, 1860) 59, 604, 657<br />
627. Paraliomeradispar (Stimpson, 1871) 59, 611, 637<br />
628. Paraliomera longimana (A. Milne Edwards, 1865) 60, 611, 637<br />
629. Pilumnoides nudifrons (Stimpson, 1871) 60, 606, 657<br />
630. Pilumnus caribaeus Desbonne and Schramm, 1867 60, 612, 641<br />
631. Pilumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus Kingsley, 1879 60, 612, 641<br />
632. Pilumnus floridanus Stimpson, 1871. 60, 612, 643<br />
633. Pilumnus gemmatus Stimpson, 1860 ... 60, 612, 641<br />
634. Pilumnus holosericus Rathbun, 1898 60, 612, 643<br />
635. Pilumnus lacteus Stimpson, 1871 60, 612, 643<br />
636. Pilumnus longleyi Rathbun, 1930 60, 611, 639<br />
637. Pilumnus marshi Rathbun, 1901 ....60, 611, 639<br />
638. Pilumnus nudimanus Rathbun, 1900.. 60, 611, 639<br />
639. Pilumnus pannosus Rathbun, 1896 60, 612, 643<br />
640. Pilumnus sayi Rathbun, 1897 . 60, 612, 641<br />
641. Pilumnus spinosissimus Rathbun, 1898.... .60, 611, 639<br />
642. Platyactaea setigera (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)...... .61, 603, 659<br />
643. Platypodiella spectabilis (Herbst, 1794) 61, 603, 659<br />
644. Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (A. Milne Edwards, 1880).... 61, 613, 645<br />
645. Pseudomedaeus distinctus (Rathbun, 1898)..... 61, 613, 645<br />
646. Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) 61, 605, 659<br />
647. Tetraxanthus bidentatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880). 61, 613, 647<br />
648. Tetraxanthus rathbunaeChace, 1939 61, 613, 647<br />
649. Xantho denticulata White, 1847 61, 603, 659<br />
Family Gecarcinidae<br />
650. Cardisoma guanhumi Latreille, 1825 61, 661, 663<br />
651. Gecarcinuslateralis(Freminville, 1835) 61, 661, 663<br />
652. Gecarcinusruricola (Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 661, 663<br />
Family Grapsidae<br />
653. Aratuspisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)..... ., 62, 665, 675<br />
654. Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 62, 665, 675<br />
655. Euchirograpsus americanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880.. 62, 666, 669<br />
656. Euchirograpsus antillensis Turkay, 1975 62, 666, 669<br />
657. Geograpsus lividus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) .....62, 665, 675<br />
658. Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802) 62, 665, 675<br />
659. Grapsusgrapsus(Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 665, 677<br />
660. Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858) 62, 666, 669<br />
661. Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850)... 63, 666, 669<br />
XV
XVI List of Species<br />
662. Percnon gibhesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) 63, 665, 677<br />
663. Plagusia depressa (Fabricius, 1775) ..63, 665, 677<br />
664. Planes minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) . 63, 665, 679<br />
665. Platychirograpsus spectabilis De Man, 1896 63, 665, 679<br />
666. Sesarma benedicti Rathbun, 1897 63, 667, 671<br />
667. Sesarma cinereum (Bosc, 1802) ..." 63, 667, 671<br />
668. Sesarma curaqaoense De Man, 1892 63, 667, 673<br />
669. Sesarma miersii Rathbun, 1897 ..' . .63, 667, 671<br />
670. Sesarma reticulatum (Say, 1817) 63, 667, 673<br />
671. Sesarma ricordi H. Milne Edwards, 1853 63, 667, 671<br />
Family Pinnotheridae<br />
672. Dissodactylus borradailei Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />
673. Dissodactylus crinitichelis Moreka, 1901 64, 682, 689<br />
674. Dissodactylus mellitae (Rathbun, 1900) 64, 682, 689<br />
675. Dissodactylus primitivus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />
676. Dissodactylus rugatus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />
677. Dissodactylus stebbingi Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />
678. Fabia byssomiae (Say, 1818) 64, 682, 691<br />
679. Fabia tellinae Cobb, 1973 64, 682, 691<br />
680. Orthotheres strombi (Rathbun, 1905) 64, 681,705<br />
681. Parapinnixa bouvieri Rathbun, 1918 64, 683, 693<br />
682. Parapinnixa hendersoni Rathbun, 1918 64, 683, 693<br />
683. Pinnaxodes floridensis Wells and Wells, 1961 64, 681, 705<br />
684. Pinnixa chacei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 : 64, 683, 695<br />
685. Pinnixa chaetopterana Stirnpson, 1860 64, 684, 699<br />
686. Pinnixa cristata Rathbun, 1900.. 65, 683, 695<br />
687. Pinnixa cylindrica (Say, 1818) 65, 684, 697<br />
688. Pinnixa floridana Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 697<br />
689. Pinnixa leptosynaptae W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968 65, 683, 695<br />
690. Pinnixa lunzi Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937 65, 684, 697<br />
691. Pinnixa pearsei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 65, 684, 699<br />
692. Pinnixa retinens Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 695<br />
693. Pinnixa sayana Stirnpson, 1860... 65, 684, 697<br />
694. Pinnotheres hemphilli Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 703<br />
695. Pinnotheres maculatus Say, 1818 65, 685, 701, 703<br />
696. Pinnotheres moseri Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 701<br />
697. Pinnotheres ostreum Say, 1817 65, 685, 701, 703<br />
698. Pinnotheres shoemakeriRathbun, 1918 65, 685, 703<br />
Family Ocypodidae<br />
699. Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787) 66, 707, 717<br />
700. Uca burgersi Uolthuis, 1967 66, 709, 715<br />
701. Uca leptodactyla Rathbun, 1898 66, 707, 711<br />
702. Uca longisignalis Salmon and Atsaides, 1968 66, 708, 713<br />
703. Uca minax (Le Conte, 1855) , 66, 709, 715<br />
704. Ucapanacea Novak and Salmon, 1974 66, 707, 711<br />
705. Ucapugilator (Bosc, 1802). 66, 707, 711<br />
706. Ucapugnax (Smith, 1870) 66, 709, 715<br />
707. Uca rapax (Smith, 1870) 66, 709, 715<br />
708. Uca speciosa (Ives, 1891) 66, 708, 713<br />
709. Uca spinicarpa Rathbun, 1900 66, 708, 713<br />
710. Uca thayeriRathbun, 1900 67, 708, 711<br />
711. Uca vocator(Herbst, 1804) 67,708,713<br />
712. Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) 67, 707, 717
List of Species XVII<br />
Family Palicidae<br />
713. Palicus affinis A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899 , 67, 718, 721<br />
714. PalicusalternatusRathbun, 1897.. 67, 718, 721<br />
715. Palicus cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 67, 718, 721<br />
716. Palicus cursor (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) ... 67, 719, 723<br />
717. Palicus dentatus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 67, 718, 723<br />
718. Palicusfaxoni Rathbun, 1897 67, 718, 723<br />
719. Palicus floridana (Rathbun, 1918) 67, 719, 725<br />
720. Palicus gracilis (Smith, 1883) 67,719,725<br />
721. Palicus obesus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)..... 67, 718, 723<br />
722. Palicus sica (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 68, 718, 721<br />
Family Cryptochiridae<br />
723. Pseudocryptochiruscorallicola(Veml\, 1908) 68, 727, 729<br />
724. Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus Shaw and Hopkins, 1977 68, 727, 729
There are more species of shrimps, lobsters,<br />
and crabs in the marine waters of the state of<br />
Florida than in any other region of the<br />
continental United States. This great diversity<br />
is the result of three factors: (1) Florida's<br />
co<strong>as</strong>tline is extensive; (2) a tremendous<br />
number of marine habitats occurs in Florida;<br />
and (3) two biogeographic regions come<br />
together in Florida, the northern Carolinian<br />
and the southern Caribbean (or West Indian).<br />
The total number of decapods in the marine<br />
Published work on the decapod crustaceans<br />
occuring in Florida dates from the earliest<br />
explorations by Europeans in the Caribbean<br />
and western Atlantic. Many of these<br />
contained brief descriptions and even some<br />
illustrations (e. g., Sloane, 1725), which were<br />
given nomenclatural status by Linnaeus<br />
(1758). Many of the species described by<br />
Gibbes (1850), Stimpson (1860,1871), and<br />
Kingsley (1878) occurred in the marine waters<br />
of Florida. Professor H. E. Webster collected<br />
along the gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, and these<br />
collections were published on by Kingsley<br />
(1879). Additional Florida collections were<br />
reported on by Ives (1891). The Blake<br />
expeditions included Florida material, which<br />
w<strong>as</strong> published by A. Milne Edwards and<br />
Bouvier(1893,1897,1902,1909,1923).<br />
Modern published work dealing explicitly<br />
with Florida marine decapods is scattered.<br />
Chace (1942a) described five new species of<br />
decapods from the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />
W<strong>as</strong>s (1955) published an annotated list of the<br />
decapods of northwestern Florida and<br />
described three new species. Provenzano<br />
(1959) reviewed the hermit crabs of Florida<br />
and described <strong>one</strong> new species. Hulings<br />
(1961) added several new records from deeper<br />
water in the northe<strong>as</strong>tern gulf. Wells and<br />
Wells (1961) described a new species of crab<br />
from the northern gulf, <strong>as</strong> did Salmon and<br />
Atsaides (1968) and Novak and Salmon<br />
(1974). Although not dealing specifically<br />
Introduction<br />
Brief Review of the Literature<br />
shallow waters of Florida is probably close to<br />
900 (see Methods and Materials).<br />
The literature on Florida's decapods is<br />
scattered and incomplete and often lacks keys<br />
or illustrations. The present contribution is an<br />
attempt to remedy this situation. We have<br />
compiled a checklist, keys, and illustrations of<br />
all marine, shallow-water (< 300 m) decapod<br />
crustaceans known to occur in Florida, a total<br />
of 724 species.<br />
with Florida, William's (1965a) excellent<br />
volume on the decapods of the Carolin<strong>as</strong><br />
contains a tremendous amount of information<br />
relevant to the Florida fauna. The 1984<br />
revision of this work (Williams, 1984)<br />
extended the coverage to include the<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />
Beginning in the 1970's, there w<strong>as</strong> a virtual<br />
explosion of information on Florida decapods.<br />
Biffar (1971a, 1971b) reviewed the<br />
callian<strong>as</strong>sids of Florida. Abele(1971,1972a,<br />
1972b, 1972c, 1973) reviewed the status of<br />
some palaemonids, xanthids, atyids, and<br />
grapsids in Florida. McLaughlin and<br />
Provenzano (1974a, 1974b), and McLaughlin<br />
and co-workers (McLaughlin, 1981a, 1981b,<br />
1982; Garcia-G6mez, 1982; Lemaitre, 1982;<br />
Lemaitre et al., 1982) provided extensive<br />
information on the hermit crabs of Florida.<br />
Beginning in 1973, Robert H. Gore published<br />
a series of papers on the decapods of the<br />
Indian River region of Florida, including a<br />
major work on parthenopid crabs (e. g.,<br />
Hendrix and Gore, 1973; Gore 1977,1979,<br />
1981; Gore and Wilson, 1978; Gore and<br />
Scotto, 1979; Kensley and Gore, 1981).<br />
Mayo (1973) reviewed the genus Cancellus<br />
including Florida material. Additional data on<br />
Florida decapods can be found in Rouse<br />
(1970) and in the results of the Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s<br />
cruises (e. g., Lyons, 1970; Cobb, 1971,<br />
1973; Cobb et al., 1973).<br />
1
2<br />
The checklist is derived from several sources.<br />
First, it is b<strong>as</strong>ed on a search of the literature,<br />
and we have cited these sources in the text.<br />
Additions were made b<strong>as</strong>ed on our own<br />
collections, those of Dr. Patsy McLaughlin,<br />
and those housed in the following institutions:<br />
the Smithsonian Institution's National<br />
Museum of Natural History (SI-NMNH); the<br />
State of Florida's Department of Natural<br />
Resources Collections in St. Petersburg,<br />
Florida; and the collections of Harbor Branch<br />
Foundation's Indian River Co<strong>as</strong>tal Z<strong>one</strong><br />
Museum in Fort Pierce, Florida.<br />
Keys were prepared from the literature<br />
sources cited in the headings of the keys and<br />
verified by us in so far <strong>as</strong> w<strong>as</strong> possible.<br />
This volume is intended <strong>as</strong> an identification<br />
guide, and we wished to provide a standard<br />
format for the illustrations. The illustrations<br />
were therefore re-drawn from the sources<br />
Methods and Materials<br />
cited. We were able to locate source<br />
illustrations for 722 of the 724 species,<br />
although they varied in quality. We were<br />
unable to locate specimens or illustrations of<br />
the majid crab Collodes nudus and the<br />
g<strong>one</strong>placid crab Pilwnnoplax elata. We urge<br />
our readers to verify their identifications using<br />
the primary literature. The scaling is in a<br />
standard format: a single line indicates that the<br />
scale is in millimeters, and a double line<br />
indicates centimeters; the number of units is<br />
indicated by the number of tick marks shown<br />
on the scale.<br />
We made every effort to indicate all species<br />
known from Florida's marine waters. The<br />
checklist, however, is not complete for three<br />
re<strong>as</strong>ons: (1) we were working on a time<br />
schedule and could not search indefinitely; (2)<br />
there are numerous undescribed species that<br />
are either currently being studied or in<br />
museums, and we did not believe it<br />
appropriate to include these; and (3) we are<br />
sure that we simply missed some species.<br />
Cl<strong>as</strong>sification and Arrangement of Taxa and Illustrations<br />
We have generally followed the cl<strong>as</strong>sification<br />
given in Bowman and Abele (1982) and the<br />
arrangement in Abele and Felgenhauer (1982).<br />
Within families we have arranged the genera<br />
(and species within genera) alphabetically.<br />
The illustrations are grouped by family and<br />
follow the key to that family. They are<br />
grouped by genera and within genera by the<br />
sequence mat they occur in the key with the<br />
following exception: Genera containing a<br />
single species are grouped together at the end<br />
of the family. This w<strong>as</strong> d<strong>one</strong> simply to save<br />
space.<br />
Taxonomic nomenclature follows the most<br />
recent revision available unless general useage<br />
dictates otherwise. This is an identification<br />
guide not a revision.
We owe a great debt to the many authors<br />
whose work is cited in this volume. We thank<br />
the following individuals for their comments:<br />
David Camp, Fenner A. Chace, Jr., Michael<br />
Dardeau, Isabel Perez Farfante, Darryl Felder,<br />
Bruce Felgenhauer, Brian Kensley, Patsy<br />
McLaughlin, Raymond Manning, Jody<br />
Martin, Paula Mikkelsen, and Austin<br />
Williams. A special word of thanks is due<br />
David Camp, Patsy Mclaughlin, and Paula<br />
Mikkelson for comparing our checklist with<br />
collections under their care <strong>as</strong> well <strong>as</strong> for<br />
providing detailed information on species and<br />
keys. All errors are our own.<br />
A special thanks also to Landon Ross of the<br />
Florida Department of Environmental<br />
Regulation for efforts above and beyond the<br />
Acknowledgements<br />
call of duty in <strong>as</strong>sisting with the completion of<br />
this project. Similar thanks to Steve Wolfe for<br />
the extensive work involved in the production<br />
of this volume.<br />
We thank Lisa Velez for her help in library<br />
research and for entering thousands of<br />
references into our computerized literature<br />
system. Anne Thistle typed the keys and<br />
legends, patiently revising them numerous<br />
times. This work w<strong>as</strong> supported, in part, by<br />
the Department of Environmental Regulation,<br />
State of Florida, through a contract<br />
administered by the Florida Institute of<br />
Government. Partial support w<strong>as</strong> provided by<br />
the National Science Foundation grant no.<br />
BSR 85-08430.<br />
3
4<br />
CD<br />
3<br />
SI<br />
o<br />
a<br />
S<br />
|<br />
o<br />
3<br />
•o<br />
5'<br />
gr<br />
CD<br />
91<br />
<<br />
CD'
immovable finger*;<br />
antennule<br />
anterolateral border^ frontal<br />
orbital \<br />
'epi-<br />
hepatic<br />
movable finger<br />
protog<strong>as</strong>tric<br />
mesog<strong>as</strong>tric<br />
\ metag<strong>as</strong>tric /<br />
- ..••"'.'" >..:;uro-.'..•
Checklist of the Decapod Crustaceans of Florida<br />
SUBORDER<br />
DENDROBRANCHIATA<br />
FAMILY ARISTEIDAE<br />
Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso, 1827)<br />
Description: Zariquiey Alvarez, 1968:42, figs.<br />
22a, b, 24a.--Holthuis, 1980b:8.<br />
Type-locality: Vicinity of Nice.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay<br />
to NW Africa and the entire Mediterranean.<br />
Western Atlantic: South of M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to<br />
the Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico,<br />
Caribbean Sea and off Venezuela. Indo-West<br />
Pacific: E<strong>as</strong>t Africa to Japan, Australia, New<br />
Zealand and Fiji (Holthuis, 1980b).<br />
Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867)<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:292,<br />
figs. 98,99a, b.--Holthuis, 1980b:ll.<br />
Type-locality: Madeira<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: Portugal to<br />
South Africa; (not in the Mediterranean).<br />
Western Atlantic: Grand Bank (43°42"N) to<br />
Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of South America (Holthuis, 1980b).<br />
Indo-West Pacific: off e<strong>as</strong>t Africa to Japan,<br />
Australia.<br />
FAMILY BENTHESICYMIDAE<br />
Bentheogennema intermedia (Bate, 1888<br />
Description: Bate, 1888:343, pi. 58: fig. S.<br />
Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970:39.<br />
Type-locality: Off Siera Le<strong>one</strong>, 01°47*N,<br />
24 0 26*W; 3386 m; Challenger station 106.<br />
Distribution: Appears to be distributed<br />
worldwide; probably pelagic (Roberts and<br />
Pequegnat, 1970); Florida (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
FAMILY PENAEIDAE<br />
Funchalia villosa (Bouvier, 1905)<br />
Description: Burkenroad, 1936:129<br />
Type-locality: Between Canary Islands and<br />
Azores.<br />
Distribution: Adults are known from the<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern and western North Atlantic,<br />
Mediterranean, the south central South<br />
Atlantic, and the Caribbean; larvae known<br />
from the western North Atlantic and South<br />
Pacific. Florida (personal communication, D.<br />
K. Camp, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Checklist 7<br />
Metapenaeopsis gerardoi Perez Farfante, 1971<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1971:20, figs.<br />
11,12,13c.<br />
Type-locality: Off Mayaguez, Puerto Rico,<br />
18°8.5' , N, 67°23'W.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>, Florida Keys, West<br />
Indies, and Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Central and<br />
South America (Perez Farfante, 1971).<br />
Metapenaeopsis goodei (Smith, 1885)<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1971:9, figs. 4-<br />
8.-Williams, 1984:36,37, figs. 17-18.<br />
Type-locality: Bermud<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; between Capes<br />
Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout, North Carolina,<br />
through Florida Straits and along west Florida<br />
to Pensacola; Isla de Lobos reef, Veracruz<br />
(Ray, 1974), around Yucatan Peninsula,<br />
through Caribbean Sea, and along South<br />
American co<strong>as</strong>t to EspMto Santo, Brazil<br />
(Coelho and Ramos, 1972; Williams, 1984).<br />
Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt, 1924)<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1924a:62, figs, lb, c,<br />
2a, c.~P6rez Farfante, 1971: 29, figs. 13E,<br />
18-22.<br />
Type-locality: Carac<strong>as</strong> Baai, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and southe<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Florida to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, mostly near islands;<br />
western Caribbean; Lesser Antilles (Chace,<br />
1972).<br />
Parapenaeus americanus (Rathbun, 1901)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1909:231.<br />
Type-locality: Off Mayaguez Harbor, Puerto<br />
Rico, 412 m. Fish Hawk Stn. 6070.<br />
Distribution: 40°03'N, 70°49 r W northern<br />
Uruguay, 33°26'S, 59°58'W; Puerto Rico; St.<br />
Lucia; Martinique.<br />
Parapenaeus politus Smith, 1881<br />
Description: P6rez Farfante, 1982:200, figs.<br />
3-5.--Williams, 1984:37, fig. 19.<br />
Type-locality: Off "Martha's Vineyard"<br />
(Smith, 1885) 39°55 , 00"N, 70°54*15"W, 260 m.<br />
Distribution: Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through Gulf of Mexico; Gulf<br />
of Paria off Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />
Florida (personal communication, P. M.<br />
Mikkelsen).
8 Checklist<br />
Penaeopsis serrata Bate, 1881<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1980b:748, figs.<br />
28-36.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados, "Gulf of<br />
Mexico", Blake Stn. 275, 399 m.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: from e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Barngate, New Jersey south of Martha's<br />
Vineyard, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through the Gulf of<br />
Mexico and the Caribbean south to French<br />
Guiana; off Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.<br />
E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: from south of Cabo San<br />
Vicent, Portugal, to off Cadiz, Spain and off<br />
the northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Africa to Tamzak<br />
("Tamxat"), Mauritania (P6rez Farfante,<br />
1980b).<br />
Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891<br />
Description: P6rez Farfante, 1969:527, figs.<br />
39-43,46-48,50.»Williams, 1984:24, figs.<br />
9,10.<br />
Type-locality: Veracruz, Mexico.<br />
Distribution: Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts around Florida Peninsula to<br />
northwestern Yucatan (Williams, 1984).<br />
Penaeus br<strong>as</strong>iliensis Latreille, 1817<br />
Description: P6rez Farfante, 1969:562, figs.<br />
68,75,76.~Williams, 1984:28, figs. 11-12.<br />
Type-locality: Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>,<br />
North Carolina to Florida Keys, off<br />
Campeche and Yucatan; through Caribbean<br />
Sea to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Penaeus duorarum Burkenroad, 1939<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1969:499, figs.<br />
20-22,25-27,30-31.- Williams, 1984:28,<br />
29, figs. 13-14.<br />
Type-locality: Off Mobile Bay, Alabama<br />
(29°15'N and 88°1 l'W, 36.5 m Atlantis Stn.<br />
2813).<br />
Distribution: Lower Chesapeake Bay through<br />
Florida Straits, around Mexico to Cape<br />
Catoche and Isla Mujeres at the tip of Yucatan<br />
Peninsula (Williams, 1984).<br />
Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus, 1767)<br />
Description: P6rez Farfante, 1969:468, figs.<br />
4-1 l.-Williams, 1984:32, figs. 15-16.<br />
Type-locality: Off Matanz<strong>as</strong> Inlet, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Fire Island, New York, to Saint<br />
Lucie Inlet, Florida; near Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida (rarely); Gulf of Mexico from<br />
Ochlocknee River, Florida, to Campeche,<br />
Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />
Trachypenaeus constrictus(Stimpson, 1874)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:38, figs. 20,21.<br />
Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Tangier Sound, Chesapeake<br />
Bay, to Veracruz, Mexico; Bermuda; Cuba,<br />
Puerto Rico and Sombrero Island; Surinam;<br />
off Ceara, Sao Paulo, and Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Trachypenaeus similis (Smith, 1885)<br />
Description: Burkenroad, 1934:96, figs. 10,11.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Paria, Venezuela,<br />
10°37'40"N, 61°42'40"W.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico to Estado do<br />
Para\ Brazil.<br />
Trachypeneopsis mobttispinis (Rathbun,<br />
1920)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1920:320, figs. 1, 2a-c<br />
--Chace, 1972:10.<br />
Type-locality: Cave Round Bay, Saba.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Bay of Campeche<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tward to Cuba, Cay Sal Bank, Turks,<br />
Saba, Barbuda, Jamaica, Virgin Islands and<br />
Saint Christopher Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />
Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:40, figs. 22,23.<br />
Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Between Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />
Lookout, North Carolina, through Gulf of<br />
Mexico and Caribbean Sea to Ponta do<br />
Zimbro, Santa Catarina, Brazil (P6rez<br />
Farfante, 1978).<br />
FAMILY SOLENOCERIDAE<br />
Hadropenaeus affinis (Bouvier, 1906)<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:317 figs.<br />
9,43,44A, 45-49.<br />
Type-locality: Off Cape Verde Island<br />
(16°53N, 25°10'W,410-460 m).<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: from off Cape<br />
Lookout, North Carolina southward to the<br />
Straits of Florida, in the northe<strong>as</strong>tern part of<br />
the Gulf of Mexico and throughout Caribbean.<br />
E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: off Cape Verde Islands<br />
(Perez Farfante, 1977).<br />
Hadropenaeus modestus (Smith, 1885)<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:323, figs.<br />
9,44,46,49-52.<br />
Type-locality: Off Bethany Beach, Delaware,<br />
38°31'N, 73°21'W, 285 m. Fish Hawk Stn.<br />
1047.<br />
Distribution: Off Delaware Bay, to the Straits
of Florida, and in the Gulf of Mexico,<br />
northwest of Charlotte Harbor, Florida;<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong> throughout the Caribbean to off<br />
Barra Grande, Brazil (Perez Farfante, 1977).<br />
Hymenopenaeus aphoticus Burkenroad,<br />
1936<br />
Description: P6rez Farfante, 1977:275, figs.<br />
4C, 8-12.<br />
Type-locality: Turks Island P<strong>as</strong>sage, 1,646-<br />
1,728 m, 21°15'40"N, 71°17'06"W, Pawnee<br />
Stn.54.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: southwest<br />
Florida throughout the Gulf of Mexico, and<br />
Caribbean Sea. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: south of the<br />
Azores Islands and off Morocco. (P6rez<br />
Farfante, 1977).<br />
Hymenopenaeus dehilis Smith, 1882<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:268 figs.<br />
2, 3,4B, 5-9.<br />
Type-locality: Syntypes: SE of Savannah<br />
Beach, Georgia, 31 o 57'00 M N, 78°18 , 35"W,<br />
609 m, Blake Stn. 317; SE of Cape Fear,<br />
North Carolina, 33°19'00"N, 76°13 , 30 M W,<br />
836 m, Blake Stn. 323; E of Cape Fear, North<br />
Carolina 33°42'15"N, 76°00'50"W, 849 m,<br />
Blake Stn. 326.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: from Hudson<br />
Canyon, New Jersey (39°55'N, 70°31'W)<br />
through Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />
Guyana (08°14'N, 57°38W). E<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Atlantic: Azores Islands and northwest Africa<br />
from Cape Spartel, Morocco, to Cape Verde<br />
Islands, including Canary Islands (P6rez<br />
Farfante, 1977).<br />
Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier, 1905)<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:332, figs.<br />
56-58, 60-63.-Williams, 1984:18, fig. 5.<br />
Type-locality: Mer des Antilles (Perez<br />
Farfante 1977).<br />
Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina, 34°43N, 76°40 , W, through<br />
Florida Straits to Alabama; off Cape Catoche<br />
and Baham<strong>as</strong> through Caribbean Sea and<br />
along co<strong>as</strong>t of South America to Rio Grande<br />
do Sul, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pleoticus robustus (Smith, 1885)<br />
Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:297, figs.<br />
9,29-36.<br />
Type-locality: South of Cur<strong>as</strong>ao ll o 43'00"N,<br />
69°09'30"W, 380 m., Albatross Stn. 2125.<br />
Distribution: South of Martha's Vineyard,<br />
Checklist 9<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through Gulf of Mexico, and<br />
the Caribbean to French Guiana (P6rez<br />
Farfante, 1977).<br />
Solenocera atlantidis Burkenroad, 1939<br />
Description: Perez Farfante and Bullis,<br />
1973:20, figs. 11,13,14.- Williams,<br />
1984:19, fig. 6.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off Alabama,<br />
29°45'N, 88°!!^, 37 m. Atlantis Stn. 281.<br />
Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North<br />
Carolina, around Gulf of Mexico and<br />
Caribbean Sea to Cananeia, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />
(Perez Farfante and Bullis, 1973).<br />
Solenocera necopina Burkenroad, 1939<br />
Description: P6rez Farfante and Bullis,<br />
1973:14, figs. 7, 9, 10.- Williams, 1984:20,<br />
fig. 7.<br />
Type-locality: Off Mobile Bay, Alabama,<br />
29°16 , N, 87°54'W, 229 m. Atlantis Stn.<br />
2377.<br />
Distribution: South of New England<br />
(40°04*N, 70°29W) through Gulf of Mexico<br />
and Caribbean Sea to Rio Grande do Sul,<br />
Brazil and Uruguay (Williams, 1984; Perez<br />
Farfante, 1977).<br />
Solenocera vioscai Burkenroad, 1939<br />
Description: Perez Farfante and Bullis,<br />
1973:3, figs. 1A, B, 3.-Williams, 1984:21,<br />
fig. 8.<br />
Type-locality: About 5 mi. (8km) off P<strong>as</strong>s a<br />
L'outre, Louisiana, 27 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina, to Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida (but<br />
rare off Florida); northern and western Gulf of<br />
Mexico to Tab<strong>as</strong>co (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY SICYONIIDAE<br />
Sicyonia brevirostris Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:43, figs. 25, 26.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Off Norfolk, Virginia, through<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong> to Southern Cuba; around Gulf of<br />
Mexico to southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; Campeche Banks<br />
to Isla Contoy, Yucatan; doubtful record of its<br />
occurrence on Pacific Co<strong>as</strong>t of southern<br />
Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />
Sicyonia burkenroadi Cobb, 1971<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:46, fig. 27.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off Port Isabel,<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>, 26°13'N, 96°45*W, 42 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North
10 Checklist<br />
Carolina, 34°12'N, 76°11W, through Gulf of<br />
Mexico to Bahia, Brazil (Perez Farfante<br />
1980a); occ<strong>as</strong>ionally <strong>as</strong> deep <strong>as</strong> 585 m.<br />
Sicyonia dorsalis Kingsley, 1878<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:46, fig. 28.<br />
Type-locality: Fort Jefferson, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina<br />
to Tex<strong>as</strong>; Colombia to French Guiana; Ceara<br />
to Santos and Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Sicyonia laevigata Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:47, fig. 29.<br />
Type-locality: Charleston, South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />
to northwest Florida; through West Indies to<br />
Colombia, and Santa Catarina, Brazil (Perez<br />
Farfante 1980a). Pacific Co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama.<br />
Sicyonia parti (Burkenroad, 1934)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:48, fig.30.<br />
Type-locality: Crooked Island, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina<br />
through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />
Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Sicyonia stimpsoni Bouvier, 1905<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:49, fig. 31.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados, 13°03 , 05 ,, N,<br />
59 0 36'18"W, 185 m.<br />
Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong> through<br />
Florida Straits, and including west Florida, to<br />
Barbados and Columbia to Surinam<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Sicyonia typica (Boeck, 1864)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:49, fig.32.<br />
Type-locality: Molde Fjord, west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Norway (err<strong>one</strong>ous locality, evidently<br />
incorrectly labeled).<br />
Distribution: Off Wrightsville Beach, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico; Cuba<br />
through West Indies to near Ilha de Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY SERGESTIDAE<br />
Acetes americanus carolinae Hansen, 1933<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:50, fig. 33.<br />
Type-locality: Beaufort Inlet (about 34°47*N),<br />
North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Lower Chesapeake Bay<br />
(Mobjack Bay and York River) through Gulf<br />
of Mexico to Panama, Surinam and French<br />
Guiana (Williams, 1984).<br />
Sergestes armatus Kroyer, 1855<br />
Description: Kensley, 1971:232, fig. 8.<br />
Type-locality: Tropical Atlantic.<br />
Distribution: North Atlantic, Mediterranean,<br />
off Azores and Canaries, South Atlantic.<br />
Florida (85-250 m) (personal communication,<br />
P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergestes atlanticus H. Milne Edwards, 1830<br />
Description: Kensley, 1971:234, fig. 9.<br />
Type-locality: Near Azores.<br />
Distribution: Mediterranean, North Atlantic,<br />
off Azoresand Canaries, Sag<strong>as</strong>sum Sea, Off<br />
Cape Point. Florida (75-250 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergestes edwardsii Kroyer, W5S<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:320,<br />
figs. 108b, 100b-c,110c-d.<br />
Type-locality: Tropical Atlantic from 3<br />
degrees S to 10 degrees N.<br />
Distribution: Atlantic Ocean; also reported<br />
from the Indo-Pacific and E<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific but<br />
there is some question about the identity of<br />
material outside of the Atlantic (Crosnier and<br />
Forest, 1973). Florida (65-300 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergestes henseni (Ortmann, 1893)<br />
Description: Ortmann, 1893:38, pi. 3: fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: North Atlantic off West Africa.<br />
Distribution: Mediterranean; north Atlantic;<br />
western and southern Atlantic; (Crosnier and<br />
Forest, 1973). Florida (85-250 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudus Crosnier and<br />
Forest, 1973<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:313,<br />
figs. 105d, 106c-d,f.<br />
Type-locality: Tropical e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic;<br />
Ol^'M^O'EjO-SOm.<br />
Distribution: Tropical e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic; Florida<br />
(85-250 m) (personal communication, P. M.<br />
Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergestes pectinatus Sund, 1920<br />
Description: Kensley, 1971:240, fig. 13.<br />
Type-locality: "Atlantic Ocean, equatorial<br />
region."<br />
Distribution: Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum Sea, North Atlantic,<br />
Off Canaries, Azores. Florida (85-250 m)<br />
(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si Ortmann, 1893<br />
Description: Hansen, 1922:148, pi. 9: fig. 2a-p
Type-locality: Off Florida, Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum Sea.<br />
Distribution: NE Atlantic, Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum Sea;<br />
Florida (75-750 m) (personal communication,<br />
P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergestes vigttax Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Hansen, 1922:159, pi. 1: fig. 8.<br />
Type-locality: Off the Azores.<br />
Distribution: NE Atlantic, Indian Ocean from<br />
Gulf of Aden to Geylon and Gocos-Keeling<br />
Island; Florida (65-300 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergio, extenuatus Burkenroad, 1940<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:338,<br />
figs. 112e-f, 113b, 114g.<br />
Type-locality: Off the Ivory Co<strong>as</strong>t, 03°45'S,<br />
10WW.<br />
Distribution: Tropical e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic (Gabon<br />
to Angola); Florida (85-250 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Sergia splendens Sund, 1920<br />
Description: Kensley, 1971:260, fig. 23.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown<br />
Distribution: North Atlantic, Mediterranean<br />
(off Monaco), off Table Bay. Florida (85-250<br />
m) (personal communication, P. M.<br />
Mikkelsen).<br />
FAMILY LUCIFERIDAE<br />
Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:52, fig. 34.<br />
Type-locality: Hampton Roads, Virginia<br />
(Chace 1972).<br />
Distribution: "Co<strong>as</strong>tal waters of North and<br />
South America from Long Island Sound to<br />
Rio de Janeiro," around Gulf of Mexico and<br />
throughout Caribbean Sea (probably<br />
widespread); Bermuda and scattered mid-<br />
Atlantic occurrences in path of Gulf Stream;<br />
Bay of Dakar, Senegal (Bowman and<br />
McCain, 1967).<br />
Lucifer typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Description: Bowman and McCain,<br />
1967:660, figs, la, b, 2-7.<br />
Type-locality: Tropical North Atlantic.<br />
Distribution: Warmer open waters of the<br />
north and south Atlantic oceans approximately<br />
between the 40 degrees parallels. Unlike<br />
L. faxoni, this species is not usually found in<br />
inshore waters (Bowman and McCain, 1967).<br />
Checklist 11<br />
SUBORDER PLEOCYEMATA<br />
INFRAORDER<br />
STENOPODIDEA<br />
FAMILY STENOPODIDAE<br />
Microprosthema semilaeve (Von Martens,<br />
1872)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1946:54, pi. 3: fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>, southern Florida, and<br />
Yucatan to Fernando de Noronha, Brazil<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Odontozona lihertae Gore, 1981<br />
Description: Gore, 1981:153, figs. 4a-c, 5a-l.<br />
Type-locality: Elbow Reef, off Key Largo,<br />
Monroe County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:54, fig. 35.<br />
Type-locality: "Austral<strong>as</strong>iatic se<strong>as</strong>."<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic from North<br />
Carolina (Kruczynski and Jenner, 1969) and<br />
Bermuda, southern Florida through Gulf of<br />
Mexico (Ray, 1974) to Fernando de Noronha<br />
and Espirito Santo, Brazil (Coelho and<br />
Ramos, 1972). Indo-Pacific from Durban,<br />
South Africa, and Red Sea, to Japan, Hawaii,<br />
western Australia south to ~24 degrees South<br />
and e<strong>as</strong>tern Australia <strong>as</strong> far south <strong>as</strong><br />
Shellharbour, New South Wales, through<br />
New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Lord Howe<br />
Island, northern New Zealand, to Tuamotu<br />
Archipelago (Yaldwyn, 1968; Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Stenopus scutellatus Rankin, 1898<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:56, fig. 36.<br />
Type-locality: Silver Cay, New Providence,<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; South Carolina<br />
(Wenner and Read, 1982); Gulf of Mexico to<br />
Fernando de Noronha and Rio Grande do<br />
Norte, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
INFRAORDER CARIDEA<br />
FAMILY ATYIDAE<br />
Potimirim potimirim (Miiller, 1881)<br />
Description: Villalobos, 1960:327.--Abele,<br />
1972c:215, figs. 3D, 4.
12 Checklist<br />
Type-locality: Rio Itahai Itahai, state of Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Rio Itahai Itahai, State of Santa<br />
Catarina, and Rio Gurjau, Recife, state of<br />
Pernambuco, Brazil; introduced into the<br />
freshwaters of southern Florida (Abele,<br />
1972c).<br />
FAMILY OPLOPHORIDAE<br />
Acanthephyra purpurea A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1881<br />
Description: Chace, 1940a: 134, figs. 11-17.<br />
Type-locality: Berleng<strong>as</strong> Island, off the West<br />
Co<strong>as</strong>t of Portugal, 2590 m.<br />
Distribution: North Atlantic between about<br />
20° and 53° N latitude (Chace, 1940a).<br />
Florida (85-250 m over 750 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1883)<br />
Description: Chace, 1986: figs. 23,24.<br />
Type-locality: Off C<strong>as</strong>ablanca, Morocco:<br />
Travailleur Stn. 65; 34°13 , 30"N, 7°43'00"W,<br />
636 m, muddy sand.<br />
Distribution: Apparently widespread<br />
mesopelagically in the tropical se<strong>as</strong> of the<br />
world (except in the e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific off the<br />
Americ<strong>as</strong>) (Chace, 1986).<br />
Oplophorus gracilirostris A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1881<br />
Description: Chace, 1986: figs. 32a-32c.<br />
Type-locality: Off Dominica, Lesser Antilles,<br />
216 m.<br />
Distribution: Off southe<strong>as</strong>tern Africa, Indian<br />
Ocean, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia, Philippines, southern<br />
Japan, Fiji Islands, Hawaii, Gulf of Mexico,<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong>, Caribbean Sea; mesopelagic<br />
(Chace, 1986).<br />
Oplophorus spinosus (Brulld, 1839)<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:25.<br />
Type-locality: Canary Islands (Holthuis,<br />
1949b).<br />
Distribution: Indian Ocean, southern Japan,<br />
off Hawaii, seamounts west of North<br />
America, and northe<strong>as</strong>t of E<strong>as</strong>ter Island,<br />
western and e<strong>as</strong>tern subtropical North<br />
Atlantic, central South Atlantic; mesopelagic<br />
(Chace, 1986). Florida (150 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debttis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)<br />
Description: Chace, 1986: figs. 34g-i, 35 e-f.<br />
Type-locality: "... trouvee a une profondeur<br />
de 500 br<strong>as</strong>ses dans le canal de Bahama."<br />
Distribution: South Africa, Indian Ocean,<br />
Philippines, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia, Hawaii, western<br />
Atlantic from south of Greenland to Gulf of<br />
Mexico and Baham<strong>as</strong> and e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic<br />
from the Faeroe Islands to Angola;<br />
mesopelagic (Chace, 1986).<br />
FAMILY PASIPHAEIDAE<br />
Leptochela bermudensisGurney, 1939<br />
Description: Chace, 1976:7, figs. 5-7.<br />
Type-locality: Seven miles south of Bermuda<br />
between 1000 m and surface.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda to Barbados and<br />
southwestern Gulf of Mexico (Chace, 1976).<br />
Leptochela carinata Ortmann, 1893<br />
Description: Chace, 1976:45, figs. 35-37.--<br />
Williams, 1984:59, fig. 39.<br />
Type-locality: Off Baia de Marajo, Para,<br />
Brazil, 50-100 m.<br />
Distribution: Georges Bank; South Carolina;<br />
Gulf of Mexico through Baham<strong>as</strong> to Para,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Leptochela papulata Chace, 1976<br />
Description: Chace 1976:26, figs. 22-24.<br />
Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, 34°35 , 30"N, 75°45'30"W, 59 m.<br />
Distribution: Georges Bank off Cape Cod,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts (Fontaine, 1977); North<br />
Carolina to Georgia; e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Leptochela serratorbita Bate, 1888<br />
Description: Chace, 1976:36, figs. 29-31.~<br />
Williams, 1984:58, fig. 38.<br />
Type-locality: Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina; South<br />
Carolina; western Gulf of Mexico and Florida<br />
Keys to Leeward Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY BRESILIIDAE<br />
Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanticus Gurney, 1939<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:62, fig. 41.<br />
Type-locality: The Reach, Bermuda.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; off Savannah,<br />
Georgia, off Fort Pierce, Florida;<br />
Guadeloupe; Cape Verde Islands and Gabon;<br />
off northern Kenya (Bruce, 1975; Gore and<br />
Wilson, 1978); (Williams, 1984).
Disci<strong>as</strong> sermtirostris Lebour, 1949<br />
Description: Wilson and Gore, 1979:311, fig. 1<br />
Type-locality: Off C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads, Bermuda.<br />
Distribution: 3 mi. off C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads,<br />
Bermuda, Vero Beach, Indian River County,<br />
on the central e<strong>as</strong>tern co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />
Pseudocheles chacei Kensley, 1983<br />
Description: Kensley, 1983:22, figs. 18-22.<br />
Type-locality: Looe Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Looe Key, Florida to Carrie<br />
Bow Cay, Belize.<br />
FAMILY EUGONATONOTIDAE<br />
Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1881)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1881:10.--<br />
Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927:106, figs. 22,23.<br />
Type-locality: Caribbean Sea, off Grenada,<br />
419 m, Blake Stn. 249.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>, Guian<strong>as</strong>, and<br />
westward into e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico,<br />
Yucatan, and Hondur<strong>as</strong>; 26°28'N, 84°42'W,<br />
228 m; 26°20'N, 84°42'W, 216 m, from<br />
stomach of Epinephalus flavolimbatus.<br />
(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Pacific: from Borneo through the Philippines<br />
to Japan.<br />
FAMILY RHYNCHOCINETIDAE<br />
Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936<br />
Description: Gordon, 1936:75, figs. 1-7.--<br />
Manning, 1961a: 1, figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Pontinha Bay, Madeira Island.<br />
Distribution: Florida; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Virgin<br />
Islands; Bermuda; Madeira and Azores.<br />
FAMILY GNATHOPHYLLIDAE<br />
Gnathophylloides mined Schmitt, 1933<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1933:7, fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: Coral reefs at Ballena Point,<br />
Ensenada, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida, Yucatan,<br />
and Caribbean Sea (Chace, 1972).<br />
Gnathophyllum amerkanum Guerin-<br />
Meneville, 1855<br />
Description: Manning, 1963:58, figs. 5,6.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>, southern Florida,<br />
Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea; Canary<br />
Islands and Indo-Pacific region from the Red<br />
Sea to the Tuamotu Archipelago (Chace,<br />
1972).<br />
Checklist 13<br />
Gnathophyllum circellum Manning, ^63<br />
Description: Manning, 1963:54,figs.-J,4.<br />
Type-locality: Alligator Reef, Monroe<br />
County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys and Great Exuma<br />
Island, Baham<strong>as</strong> (Chace, 1972).<br />
Gnathophyllum modestum Hay, 1917<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:90, fig. 62.<br />
Type-locality: 20 mi. SW Beaufort, North<br />
Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina<br />
(Williams, 1984); Florida Middle Grounds,<br />
Panama City and Biscayne Bay Florida<br />
(Dardeau et al., 1980).<br />
FAMILY PALAEMONIDAE<br />
Anchistioides antiguensis (Schmitt, 1924)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:78, fig. 52.<br />
Type-locality: English Harbor, Antigua.<br />
Distribution: Off Charleston, South Carolina<br />
(Wenner and Read, 1982); off west Florida<br />
through West Indies to Maranhao,<br />
Pernambuco, and Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Coelho and<br />
Ramos, 1972); Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Brachycarpus biunguiculatus (Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:63, fig. 42.<br />
Type-locality: Oran and B<strong>one</strong>, Algeria.<br />
Distribution: Virtually pantropical (Bruce,<br />
1974); e<strong>as</strong>t and west American co<strong>as</strong>ts,<br />
Mediterranean; West Africa; and Indo-Pacific<br />
region. Western Atlantic distribution: Cape<br />
Fear, North Carolina, western Gulf of Mexico<br />
(Ray, 1974; Pequegnat and Ray, 1974)<br />
through West Indies to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao and Old<br />
Providence Island; Bermuda (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Leander paulensis Ortmann, 1897<br />
Description: Manning, 1961b:525.~ Chace,<br />
1972: 19.<br />
Type-locality: Sao Paulo, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Sandy Key B<strong>as</strong>in, in Florida<br />
Bay off Flamingo, Florida; Sao Paulo, Brazil.<br />
Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:65, fig. 43.<br />
Type-locality: Newfoundland Banks.<br />
Distribution: Tropical and subtropical waters<br />
all over world except for west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Americ<strong>as</strong>; Newfoundland Banks (occ<strong>as</strong>ionally<br />
mouth of Bay of Fundy and New England;<br />
Wigley, 1970; Williams and Wigley, 1977) to
14 Checklist<br />
Falkland Islands in Western Atlantic<br />
(Holthuis, 1952; Bruce, 1974; Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969<br />
Description: Chace, 1969:263, figs, 8, 9.<br />
-Shawetal., 1977:284, figs. 1-2.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico: westnorthwest<br />
of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 25° 13^,<br />
83°55W.<br />
Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico off<br />
Florida; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Brazil (Shaw et al.,<br />
1977).<br />
Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann,<br />
1836)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:66, fig. 44-45.<br />
Type-locality: Brazilian co<strong>as</strong>t.<br />
Distribution: Neuse River estuary, North<br />
Carolina, to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1952:114, pi. 30, pi.<br />
31: figs. a-c.<br />
Type-locality: "in Americal fluviis" (restricted<br />
to Jamaica by Holthuis, 1952).<br />
Distribution: Distribution of this species lies<br />
<strong>large</strong>ly beyond the temperate e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States. The range extends from St.<br />
Augustine, St Johns County, and Silver Glen<br />
Springs, Marion County, Florida, southward<br />
around the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea<br />
to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Macrobrachium crenulatum Holthuis, 1950<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1952:107, pi. 27:<br />
figs, a-d, pi. 28.<br />
Type-locality: Rio Peje Bobo, Panama.<br />
Distribution: West Indies, Panama, and<br />
Venezuela. Indian River, Ft. Pierce, Florida<br />
(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Macrobrachium ohi<strong>one</strong> (Smith, 1874)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:68, fig. 46.<br />
Type-locality: Ohio River at Cannelton,<br />
Indiana.<br />
Distribution: A narrow z<strong>one</strong> along Atlantic<br />
seaboard from James River, Hopewell,<br />
Virginia (Hobbs and M<strong>as</strong>smann, 1952), to<br />
southern Georgia; widespread from co<strong>as</strong>tal<br />
Alabama to Arans<strong>as</strong> Bay, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Mississippi<br />
River and tributaries upstream to McCurtain<br />
County, Oklahoma, Fort Smith, Arkanses; St.<br />
Louis, Missouri; W<strong>as</strong>hington County, Ohio<br />
(Hedgpeth, 1949; Williams, 1984).<br />
Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:70, figs. 47-48.<br />
Type-locality: "Brazilian Co<strong>as</strong>t."<br />
Distribution: Lower Cape Fear River near<br />
Southport, North Carolina; Florida; Louisiana;<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>; Veracruz, Mexico, to Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil. Villalobos (1969) gave a distributional<br />
map for this and related species (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Neopontonides beaufortensis Borradaile,<br />
1920)<br />
Descriptionj Williams, 1984:80, fig. 53.<br />
Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
Grand Isle, Louisiana; Caledonia Bay,<br />
Panama; Antigua (Williams, 1984).<br />
Palaemon floridanus Chace, 1942<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1952:197, pi. 48:<br />
figs. a-j.<br />
Type-locality: Captiva Island, W Florida.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />
Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1952:192, pi. 47.--<br />
Chace, 1972:21.<br />
Type-locality: N<strong>as</strong>sau, New Providence,<br />
Bahama Islands.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Florida to Estado<br />
deSao Paulo, Brazil (Chace, 1972).<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermedins Holthuis, 1949<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:75, fig. 50.<br />
Type-locality: Iron Box Bay, Chincoteague<br />
Bay, Virginia.<br />
Distribution: Vineyard Sound,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Holthuis, 1952); Bahiade la Ascension,<br />
Quintana Roo, Mexico (Chace, 1972;<br />
Williams, 1984).<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes paludosus (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1952:207, pi. 51:<br />
figs.e-j.<br />
Type-locality: St. Andrews, Charleston<br />
County, South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Fresh-waters E of Alleghenies,<br />
from New Jersey to Florida. Indian River<br />
lagoon, Florida (personal communication, P.<br />
M Mikkelsen).<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes pugio Holthuis, 1949<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:76, fig. 51.<br />
Type-locality: Lagoon near Cove Point Light,<br />
Chesapeake Bay.
Distribution: Intermittent from Verte River, 3<br />
mi. W St. Modeste (47°5m, 69°26W),<br />
Quebec, to near Yarmouth, Nova Scotia,<br />
Newc<strong>as</strong>tle and E<strong>as</strong>t Brunswick, Maine<br />
(Bousfield andLaubitz, 1972; Knowlton,<br />
1973; Williams, 1974c), Southward to<br />
Corpus Christi, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Holthuis, 1952;<br />
Williams, 1984).<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes vulgaris (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:72, fig. 49.<br />
Type-locality: Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of United States.<br />
Distribution: Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence<br />
from northern Cape Breton Island (Bousfield,<br />
1956) through Northumberland Strait to St.<br />
Simons Inlet and Miscou Harbor near Portage<br />
Bay (Bousfield and Laubitz, 1972),<br />
southward to Cameron County, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Periclimenaeus <strong>as</strong>cidiarum Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:80, pi. 22:<br />
figs, g-1, pi. 23: figs. a-i.<br />
Type-locality: Bird Key Reef, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida.<br />
Distribution: Colombia, 2 mi. SW of Cape la<br />
Vela. 38-40 m; Florida Middle Grounds<br />
(Hopkins et al., 1977) and Bird Key Reef,<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Dominica.<br />
Periclimenaeus atlanticus (Rathbun, 1901)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:83, pi. 24:<br />
figs. a-p.<br />
Type-locality: Off St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />
Islands.<br />
Distribution: Known from type-locality, and<br />
South Florida, Isla de Cozumel, Bahia' de la<br />
Ascencidn.<br />
Perklimenaeus hermudensis (Armstrong,<br />
1940)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 107, pi. 32:<br />
figs, d-g, pi. 33: figs. a-i.<br />
Type-locality: The Reach, St. Georges Island,<br />
Bermuda.<br />
Distribution: Co<strong>as</strong>tal waters from Bermuda,<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong> and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Perklimenaeus caraibicus Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 110, pi. 32:<br />
figs, h-j, pi. 34.<br />
Type-locality: Buccoo Reef, Tobago.<br />
Distribution: Tobago, Barbuda, Antigua<br />
Island, Dominica, Saint Lucia Island, Bahia de<br />
la Ascension. Florida (personal<br />
communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Checklist 15<br />
Perklimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971<br />
Description: Abele, 1971:38, figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico off<br />
the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-locality and<br />
Indian River, Florida (Personal communication<br />
with R. H. Gore).<br />
Perklimenaeus maxillulidens (Schmitt,<br />
1936)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb:87, pi. 26: figs.<br />
a-o.<br />
Type-locality: Entrance to Lac, Bonaire.<br />
Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />
Bonaire (Chace, 1972).<br />
Periclimenaeus pearsei (Schmitt, 1932)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195lb:93, pi. 28: figs.<br />
a-r.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Perklimenaeus perlatus (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1930)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:99, pi. 30: figs.<br />
a-1, pi. 32: fig. a.<br />
Type-locality: Gonave Bay, Haiti.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida to Panama<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Perklimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:81, fig. 54.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Bogue Sound, Black Rocks off<br />
New River, and Lockwoods Folly River,<br />
North Carolina; Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Perklimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:82, fig. 55.<br />
Type-locality: Fishing grounds, 20 mi. off<br />
Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina; off<br />
Sapelo Island, Georgia; off Loggerhead Key,<br />
near Tortug<strong>as</strong>, and Franklin County, Florida<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Periclimenes amerkanus (Kingsley, 1878)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:83, fig. 56.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina; to<br />
western Gulf of Mexico (Felder and Chaney,<br />
1979), and through West Indies to Aruba; Para<br />
to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />
1972; Williams, 1984).
16 Checklist<br />
Periclimenes hamngtoni Lebour, 1949<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:35,pl. 9: figs,<br />
art<br />
Type-locality: Harrington Sound, Bermuda.<br />
Distribution: Harrington Sound, Bermuda, and<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Periclimenes iridescens Lebour, 1949<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:85, fig. 57.<br />
Type-locality: Off C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads, Bermuda.<br />
Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>t off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>,<br />
35°32.9'N, 75°11.9 , W (Herbst et al. 1979);<br />
southern and northwestern Florida; Tobago;<br />
Cubagua Island, Venezuela; Bermuda (Chace<br />
1972; Williams, 1984).<br />
Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:86, fig. 58.<br />
Type-locality: Co<strong>as</strong>t of Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />
southwestern Florida; West Indies to Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil. There are doubtful records from<br />
the Indian Ocean and deeper waters of the Gulf<br />
of Mexico (Holthuis, 1951b; Williams, 1984).<br />
Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:52, pi. 15: figs.<br />
a-f.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, off Arans<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>, 27°40'N, •96 6 34W, 50 m, Pelican Stn. 42.<br />
Distribution: Type-locality and Murray Key,<br />
Florida Bay (Rouse, 1970).<br />
Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:41,pl. 11: figs.<br />
a-i.~Gore et al., 1981:254, fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf stream off Key West,<br />
Florida, 24°2r55 n N, 81 0 58 , 25 ,, W (179 m.<br />
Fish Hawk Stn. 7279).<br />
Distribution: Indian River and Key West,<br />
Florida (Gore et al., 1981).<br />
Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:87, fig. 59.<br />
Type-locality: Simms (Lyford) Cay, New<br />
Providence Island, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, 34°35.5 , N, 75°5.5'W (Herbst et al.<br />
1979); off northwest Florida, Baham<strong>as</strong>,<br />
through West Indies to Bonaire; Belize<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942<br />
Description: Holtnuis, 1951b:31,pl. 7: figs. a-o.<br />
Type-locality: Off Sanibel Island, Lee County,<br />
W Florida,<br />
Distribution: Florida Middle Grounds<br />
(Hopkins et al., 1977) and from shallow water<br />
(10 m) off Sanibel Island, Lee County, West<br />
Florida.<br />
Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:58,pl. 17: figs.<br />
a-h.<br />
Type-locality: Spanish Port, Curacao.<br />
Distribution: Netherlands West Indies,<br />
Spanish Port, Curagao; tentatively Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891)<br />
Description: Limbaugh, Pederson, and Chace,<br />
1961:240, fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: OffProgreso,Estadode<br />
Yucatan, Mexico.<br />
Distribution: Southern Florida to Colombia<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:88, fig. 60.<br />
Type-locality: South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Atlantic Beach near Beaufort<br />
Inlet, North Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico S of<br />
Houma, Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana<br />
(USNM); Baham<strong>as</strong>; Madeira (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:89, fig. 61.<br />
Type-locality: Bay of Panama.<br />
Distribution: Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t: Drumm Inlet to<br />
Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina; e<strong>as</strong>t and west<br />
Florida. Pacific co<strong>as</strong>t: Gulf of California to<br />
Colombia; Galapagos Islands (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 150, pi. 47:<br />
figs. J-k.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the original<br />
type-series from Key West, Florida.<br />
Pontoniopsis paulae Gore, 1981<br />
Description: Gore, 1981:139, figs. la-p.<br />
Type^locality: Carys Fort Reef, off Key<br />
Largo, Monroe county, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.
Pseudocoutierea antillensis Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:43, figs. 1 la-b.<br />
Type-locality: Saba Bank at 17*28^,<br />
63°13W.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-locality;<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida.<br />
Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969<br />
Description: Chace, 1969:266, figs. 10,11.<br />
Type-locality: St. James, Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys, Dominica,<br />
Barbados, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Madeira, on Diadema<br />
antillarum (Chace, 1972).<br />
Typton carneus Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:46, fig. 12.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: South and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida<br />
and Baham<strong>as</strong> to Tobago (Chace, 1972).<br />
Typton distinctus Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:49, figs. 13,14.<br />
Type-locality: Los Arroyos, Provincia de Pinar<br />
del Rio, Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Western Cuba and Yucatan<br />
Peninsula, Mexico (Chace, 1972). Florida<br />
(personal communication, D. A. Camp).<br />
Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 159, pi. 50:<br />
figs. a-1.<br />
Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Same <strong>as</strong> the type-locality.<br />
Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 165, pi. 52:<br />
figs. a-1.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida between<br />
Middle Ground and White Shoal, 18 m. (W. L.<br />
Schmitt coll., Stn 45-30).<br />
Distribution: Same <strong>as</strong> the type-locality.<br />
Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 153, pi. 48:<br />
figs. a-o.<br />
Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Outside C<strong>as</strong>tle Harbour,<br />
Bermuda (Gurney, 1936), Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida (McClendon, 1911; Schmitt, 1930;<br />
Pearse, 1932); Gulf of Califormia (Holthuis,<br />
1951).<br />
Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 1951<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 157, pi. 49:<br />
figs. a-n.<br />
Checklist 17<br />
Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: South of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida<br />
Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981<br />
Description: Gore, 1981:147.<br />
Type-locality: Elbow Reef, off Key Largo,<br />
Monroe County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
FAMILY ALPHEIDAE<br />
Alpheopsis labis Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:55, fig. 15.<br />
Type-locality: Charlotte Point, English<br />
Harbor, Antigua Island.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, Cuba, Hispaniola and<br />
Antigua Island (Chace, 1972). Florida Middle<br />
Grounds (Hopkins et al., 1977); Florida.<br />
(27°37*N, 83*59*W, 54.8 m) (personal<br />
communication, D. K. Camp). Looe Key,<br />
Florida (personal communication, D. L.<br />
Felder).<br />
Alpheopsis trispinosus (Stimpson, 1861)<br />
Description: Banner and Banner, 1973:337,<br />
fig. 14.<br />
Type-locality: Port Jackson, Australia.<br />
Distribution: Probably pantropical (Gore,<br />
1981).<br />
Alpheus amblyonyx Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:59, fig. 16.<br />
Type-locality: Near center of Arrecife<br />
Nicchehabin, Bahia de la Ascension, Territorio<br />
de Quintana Roo, Mexico, on or under coral in<br />
1-5 feet of water.<br />
Distribution: Territorio de Quintana Roo,<br />
Mexico; Puerto Rico; Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>; and<br />
Dominica; (Chace, 1972). E<strong>as</strong>tern and<br />
Southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />
M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901<br />
Description: Zimmer, 1913:295, figs. W-Z,<br />
A^B*.<br />
Type-locality: Ponce, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Throughout the West Indian<br />
region from the Baham<strong>as</strong> and southern Florida<br />
to Tobago and westward to the Yucatan<br />
Peninsula (Chace, 1972).<br />
Alpheus armillatus H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:92, fig. 63.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina, through Gulf of
18 Checklist<br />
Mexico and West Indies to Cananeia, Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil; Bermuda (Holthuis, 1956).<br />
Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:273,<br />
fig. 22.<br />
Type-locality: Cape Verde Islands.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Antigua Island to<br />
Tobago and Fernando de Noronha; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Atlantic from the Cape Verde Islands and<br />
Guinea to Sao Tom6 and Congo (Chace,<br />
1972). E<strong>as</strong>tern and Southern Florida.<br />
Alpheus candei Gu6rin-Meneville, 1855<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1910:486, fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Apparently known only from the<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida and Cuba (Chace,<br />
1972).<br />
Alpheus cylindricus Kingsley, 1878<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:257,<br />
fig.16.<br />
Type-locality: Archipielago de l<strong>as</strong> Perl<strong>as</strong>, Gulf<br />
of Panama.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Florida to<br />
Barbados; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from the islands of<br />
Principe, Sao Tom6, and Annobon; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Pacific from the Gulf of California, the Gulf of<br />
Panama, and the Galapagos Islands (Chace,<br />
1972).<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico to Estado da<br />
Bahia, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from Guinea to<br />
Congo (Chace, 1972).<br />
Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:94, fig. 64.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Near Beaufort, North Carolina<br />
through Gulf of Mexico (Ray, 1974; Felder<br />
and Chaney, 1979) and West Indies to Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil.<br />
Alpheus heterochaelis Say, 1818<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:95, fig. 65.--<br />
Christoffersen, 1984:200, figs. 5-7.<br />
Type-locality: Amelia Island, N<strong>as</strong>sau County,<br />
Florida.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina to the State of<br />
Paraiba, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1984).<br />
Alpheus cristulifrons Rathbun, 1900<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:260,<br />
figs. 17,18.<br />
Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:240,<br />
fig. 10.<br />
Type-locality: Fernando de Noronha.<br />
Distribution: Western tropical Atlantic from the e<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida to Fernando de Noronha<br />
and westward to the Yucatan Peninsula; also<br />
the islands of Sao Tome* and Pricipe in the<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic (Chace, 1972).<br />
Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil?,<br />
Distribution: Puerto Rico to Estado de Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from Senegal to<br />
Congo; e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific from the Gulf of<br />
California, Ecuador, and the Galapagos Islands<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Alpheus normanni Kingsley, 1878<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:97, fig. 66.<br />
Type-locality: Pacific co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama.<br />
: Distribution: Bermuda; around Cape Charles,<br />
Virginia, and lower Chesapeake Bay through<br />
Gulf of Mexico (Ray, 1974) and West Indies to<br />
Sao Paulo, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1979); Gulf<br />
of California and Panama (Chace, 1972;<br />
Williams, 1984.<br />
Alpheus nuttingi (Schmitt,1924)<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1924b:78, pi. 2: figs. 4-6.<br />
Alpheus estuariensis Christoffersen, 1984<br />
Description: Christoffersen, 1984:191, figs. 1,2. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Rio Potengi estuary, Natal,<br />
State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Florida; Mississippi to Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Type-locality: Pelican Island, Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys to Estado de<br />
Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil and westward to Isla de<br />
Providencia and Panama (Chace, 1972).<br />
Cuba; Dominican Republic; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Trinidad; ;<br />
Ceara to Parana, Brazil.<br />
Alpheus paracrinuus Miers, 1881<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:253,<br />
fig, 15.<br />
Alpheus floridanus'Kingsley, 1878<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:65, figs. 17-20.--<br />
Crosnier and Forest, 1966:267,269, figs. 20, 21. 1.<br />
TVpe-locality: Fort Jefferson, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida.<br />
Type-locality: Goree, Senegal.<br />
Distribution: Virtually pantropical; to a depth<br />
of 18 m. In Western Atlantic, from the<br />
Bermud<strong>as</strong> and the northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico<br />
to Tobago (Chace, 1972).
Alpheus pe<strong>as</strong>ei (Armstrong, 1940)<br />
Description: Verrill, 1922:68, fig. 68, fig. 5b,<br />
pi. 19: figs.3a-d,pl.20: fig. 1, pi. 21: figs.<br />
6, 6a, pi. 24: figs. 2-4, pi. 29: fig. la-t.<br />
Type-locality: C<strong>as</strong>tle Harbour, Bermud<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Florida Keys to<br />
Tobago and westward to Isla de Providencia<br />
and the Yucatan Peninsula (Chace, 1972).<br />
Alpheus schmitti Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:70, figs. 21,22.<br />
Type-locality: Grand Anse Bay outside Saint<br />
Georges Harbour, Grenada, in partially<br />
exposed conglomerate rock and coral ledge<br />
alongshore.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-series, the<br />
Florida Keys, Antigua Island, and Tobago<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Alpheus thom<strong>as</strong>i Hendrix and Gore, 1973<br />
Description: Hendrix and Gore, 1973:413,<br />
figs. 1-3.<br />
Type-locality: Virginia Beach, Virginia Key,<br />
Miami, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Cape Florida, Key Biscayne,<br />
Dade County; and from Jupiter Inlet in Palm<br />
Beach County, and Walton Rocks, St. Lucie<br />
County, about 5 miles south of Ft. Pierce,<br />
Florida (Hendrix and Gore, 1973).<br />
Alpheus viridari (Armstrong, 1949)<br />
Description: Armstrong, 1949:8, fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Barahona, Dominican Republic.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys to Trinidad and<br />
westward to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao and the Yucatan<br />
Peninsula (Chace, 1972).<br />
Alpheus websteri Kingsley, 1880<br />
Description: Rankin, 1898:249, pi. 30: fig. 6<br />
(<strong>as</strong> Alpheus nigrospinatus). --Crosnier and<br />
Forest, 1966:236 (<strong>as</strong> Alpheus ridleyi).<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> to Fernando de<br />
Noronha, Brazil and westward to the Yucatan<br />
peninsula (Chace, 1972). Looe Key, Florida<br />
(personal communication, D. L. Felder).<br />
Automate evermanni Rathbun, 1901<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:99, fig. 67.<br />
Type-locality: Off Aguadilla, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina(?); Georgia to<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong> and Puerto Rico; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from<br />
Cape Verde Islands and Liberia to Nigeria<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Checklist 19<br />
Automate gardineri Coutiere, 1902<br />
Description: Banner and Banner, 1966: jl, fig.<br />
8.-Chace, 1972:74, fig. 23.-- Williams,<br />
1984:100, fig. 68.<br />
Type-locality: Maldive and Laccadive Islands.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina; Virgin Islands,<br />
Antigua Island, Barbados and the Yucatan<br />
Peninsula; Indo-Pacific region from the Red<br />
Sea to Samoa (Chace, 1972). Florida.<br />
Automate rectifrons Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:75, fig. 24.<br />
Type-locality: Inner side of Arrecife<br />
Nicchehabin, Bahia de la Ascension, Territorio<br />
de Quintana Roo, Mexico.<br />
Distribution: The type-locality; possibly<br />
Antigua Island (Chace, 1972). Southern<br />
Florida (personal communication, P. A.<br />
McLaughlin).<br />
Leptalpheus forceps Williams, 1965<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:101, fig. 69.<br />
Type-locality: Gallants Point, Newport River,<br />
Carteret County, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Drum Inlet, Beaufort, Banks<br />
Channel near Wrightsville Beach, and<br />
Lockwoods Folly Inlet, North Carolina; Old<br />
Tampa Bay, Florida (Saloman, 1971; Simon<br />
and Dauer, 1977); Davis Bayou, Mississippi<br />
(Dawson, 1967a; Williams, 1984).<br />
Metalpheus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890)<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:246,<br />
figs. 12-14.<br />
Type-locality: Fernando de Noronha.<br />
Distribution: Southern Florida; Puerto Rico<br />
and the Yucatan Peninsula to Fernando de<br />
Nornoha; probably pantropical (Chace, 1972).<br />
Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong> Pequegnat and Heard, 1979<br />
Description: Pequegnat and Heard, 1979:110,<br />
figs. l-4.-Dardeau, 1984:12, figs. 3-6.<br />
Type-locality: West Flower Garden Bank,<br />
Gulf of Mexico (ITSTS, 93°48'W) in 25 m.<br />
Distribution: Atlantic: Grand Bahama Island;<br />
Gulf of Mexico: Florida Middle Ground,<br />
Sonnier Bank, 28 Fathom Bank, West Flower<br />
Garden Bank, North Hospital Bank and<br />
Hospital Rock (Pequegnat and Heard, 1979);<br />
Caribbean, off Puerto Rico (Dardeau, 1984).<br />
Synalpheus apioceros Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:27, fig. 9.<br />
Type-locality: Marco, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Southern Florida to Surinam
20 Checklist<br />
westward to the Yucatan Peninsula (Ghace,<br />
1972).<br />
Synalpheus bousfieldi Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:86, figs. 29, 30.<br />
Type-locality: West side of reef e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
anchorage, Bahia del Espfritu Santo, Territorio<br />
de Quintana Roo, Mexico.<br />
Distribution: Atlantic: Grand Bahama Island<br />
(Dardeau, 1984) and possibly south to Brazil<br />
(Christoffersen, 1979); Gulf of Mexico:<br />
Florida Middle Ground, Sonnier Bank, Bright<br />
Bank, and West Flower Garden Bank<br />
(Dardeau, 1984); Caribbean: Yucatan<br />
Peninsula and Virgin Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />
Synalpheus bfevicaipus (Herrick, 1801)<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:50, fig. 29.--<br />
Christoffersen, 1979:333, fig. 19.<br />
Type-locality: N<strong>as</strong>sau, New Providence,<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong>; in green sponge.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t Florida to Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>; southwest Florida; Bahama Islands;<br />
Cuba to Virgin Islands; Los Roques Islands;<br />
Curacao; Panama; Pernambuco to the north of<br />
Rib Grande do Sul; e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific, Bay of<br />
Panama (Christoffersen, 1979).<br />
Synalpheus brooksi Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:69, fig. 41.--<br />
Dardeau, 1984:26, figs. 11-14.<br />
Type-locality: Sugar Loaf Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, Florida Keys,<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong> and the Yucatan Peninsula to Estado<br />
do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil (Chace, 1972).<br />
Synalpheus curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1924a:66, fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: Spaansche Water, Curacao.<br />
Distribution: Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Bonaire, (Chace,<br />
1972). E<strong>as</strong>tern Florida.<br />
Synalpheus fritztnuelleri Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:102, fig. 70.<br />
Type-locality: Marco, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina to<br />
Santa Catarina, Brazil; Bermuda; St. Helena<br />
Island, South Atlantic; Baja California (Chace,<br />
1972).<br />
Synalpheus goodei Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:58, fig. 33.--<br />
Dardeau, 1984:40, figs. 18-21.<br />
Type-locality: Bermud<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and the Gulf of<br />
Mexico to Curacao and Panama (Chace, 1972).<br />
Synalpheus heardi Dardeau, 1984<br />
Description: Dardeau, 1984:47, figs. 23-26.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Middle Ground, Gulf of<br />
Mexico.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, off<br />
central western Florida; Grand Bahama Island<br />
(Dardeau, 1984).<br />
Synalpheus hemphilli Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:38, fig. 20.<br />
Type-locality: Off the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida<br />
(27°04'N, 83°21 , W).<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and the e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />
Mexico to Curacao and Isl<strong>as</strong> Los Roques<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Synalpheus herricki Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiete, 1909:74, fig. 44.--<br />
Dardeau, 19184:55, figs. 27-30.<br />
Type-locality: "Off Anclote, Florida"<br />
presumably Anclote Key off Tarpon Springs.<br />
Distribution: Atlantic: questionably from<br />
Eleuthera, Bahama Islands (Chace, 1972); Gulf<br />
of Mexico: questionably from Florida Bay<br />
(Tabb and Manning, 1961); off central western<br />
Florida from Sanibel Island to Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong><br />
(Coutiere, 1909; Dardeau, 1984).<br />
Synalpheus longicarpus (Herrick, 1891)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:104, fig. 11.-<br />
Dardeau, 1984:64, figs; 32-35,<br />
Type-locality: Baham<strong>as</strong>, probably N<strong>as</strong>sau,<br />
New Providence Island.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina to west<br />
Flower Garden Reef, SSE of Galveston,<br />
TexaS; Yucatan, Mexico through West Indies to<br />
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Synalpheus mcclendoni Couttere, 1910<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:95, figs. 33,34.-<br />
Dardeau, 1984:74, figs. 37-39.<br />
Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Atlantic: Grand Bahama Island;<br />
Gulf of Mexico: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> (Coutiere,<br />
1910) and Isla de Lobos Reef, off Veracruz<br />
(Ray, 1974); Caribbean: Yucatan Peninsula,<br />
Windward Islands (Chace, 1972) and<br />
Barbados (Schmitt, 1924a; Dardeau, 1984).<br />
Synalpheus minus (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:105, fig. 72.<br />
Type-locality: "Co<strong>as</strong>ts of the southern states<br />
and off E<strong>as</strong>t Florida."
Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Christoffersen,<br />
1979); Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Synalpheus pandionis Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:67, fig. 39.--<br />
Dardeau, 1984:78, figs. 40-43.<br />
Type-locality: Off Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>, 36-42 m.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico to<br />
Barbados and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Chace, 1972).<br />
Synalpheus paraneptunus Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:86, fig. 52.--<br />
Dardeau, 1984:92, figs. 47-50.<br />
Type-locality: Off Golfo de Morrosquillo,<br />
Colombia (9°30'15"N, 76 o 20'30" W) in 77 m.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida and the<br />
Yucatan Peninsula to the Grenadines and<br />
Colombia (Chace, 1972). Possibly from the<br />
Gulf of Mexico, off central western Florida,<br />
and the West Flower Garden Bank (Dardeau,<br />
1984).<br />
Synalpheus pectiniger Coutiere, 1907<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:78, figs. 48,49.--<br />
Dardeau, 1984:98, figs. 51-53.<br />
Type-locality: Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, Florida keys and<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong> to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Chace, 1972).<br />
Synalpheus rathbunae Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:84, fig. 51.<br />
Type-locality: Off Saint Thom<strong>as</strong> in 37-55 m.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> to the Grenadines<br />
westward to the Yucatan Peninsula; (Chace,<br />
1972). Looe Key, Florida (personal<br />
communication, D. L. Felder).<br />
Synalpheus sanctUhomae Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Coutiere, 1909:61, fig. 35.--<br />
Christoffersen, 1979:352, figs. 29 -30.<br />
Type-locality: Off Saint Thom<strong>as</strong> in 37-42 m.<br />
Distribution: Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>; Atol dos Roc<strong>as</strong><br />
and Pernambuco to the south of Bahia, Brazil<br />
(Christoffersen, 1979). Florida Keys (Gore,<br />
1981).<br />
Synalpheus townsendi Coutiere, 1909<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:106, fig. 73.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico south of Cape<br />
San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida (29°14'00"N, 85°29 , 15"W)<br />
in 46 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina to<br />
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda; Gulf of<br />
California (Williams, 1984)<br />
Checklist 21<br />
Thunor simus (Guenn-Meneville, 1856")<br />
Description: Armstrong, 1949:13, figs, J, 4A-<br />
J, L, (<strong>as</strong> Thunor rathbunae).-Chace,<br />
1972:104, fig. 39, (<strong>as</strong> Thunor rathbunae).<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Key West, Florida and Yucatan<br />
Peninsula to Barbados (Chace, 1972);<br />
Piscadera Bay, Curacao (Holthuis, 1980a).<br />
FAMILY HIPPOLYTIDAE<br />
Bythocaris nana Smith, 1885<br />
Description: Smith, 1885:449; 1886:600, pi.<br />
12: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, off Martha's<br />
Vineyard; 263 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to Southern Florida and<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico.<br />
Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis,<br />
1948)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:114, fig. 79.<br />
Type-locality: Mouth of Suriname River near<br />
Resolutie, Surinam.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Fear River, North<br />
Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Guyana to<br />
the north of Uruguay (Williams, 1984).<br />
Hippolyte coerulescens (Fabricius, 1775)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:116, fig. 80.<br />
Type-locality: "Pelago inter Tropicos"<br />
Distribution: Widespread in tropical and<br />
subtropical Atlantic Ocean (Chace 1972).<br />
Hippolyte curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:117, fig. 81.<br />
Type-locality: West Punt, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort and Sneads Ferry,<br />
North Carolina; West Indies from Cuba to<br />
Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Williams, 1984).<br />
Hippolyte nicholsoni Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:113, figs. 46, 47.<br />
Type-locality: Milford Bay, between Pigeon<br />
Point and Crown Point, Tobago, in 9-12 m.<br />
Distribution: Puerto Rico, Antigua Island,<br />
Saint Lucia Island, and Tobago (Chace, 1972).<br />
Looe Key, Florida (personal communication,<br />
D.L. Felder).<br />
Hippolyte pleuracanthus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:117, fig. 82.<br />
Type-locality: Norfolk Harbor, Virginia, and<br />
Somers Point, Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey.
22 Checklist<br />
Distribution: Connecticut to North Carolina<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Hippolyte zostericola (Smith, 1873)<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:118, figs. 49-50.<br />
Type-locality: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts.<br />
Distribution: Southern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; North<br />
Carolina to Yucatan; Trinidad and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao;<br />
Ceara, Brazil (Fausto-Filho, 1975); Bermuda.<br />
Latreutes fucorum (Fabricius, 1798)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:119, fig. 84.<br />
Type-locality: Floating gulfweed.<br />
Distribution: Western North Atlantic between<br />
10° and 50° N; Azores and Cape Verde Islands<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Latreutes parvulus (Stimpson, 1866)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:120, fig. 85,<br />
Type-locality: St. Joseph Island, Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to Rio<br />
de Janeiro, Brazil; West Africa (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888)<br />
Description: Limbaugh, Pederson, and Chace,<br />
1961:247, fig. 5.-Hay<strong>as</strong>hi, 1975:285, figs. 1-<br />
4, pi. 4.<br />
Type-locality: Amboina, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia.<br />
Distribution: Circumtropical (Bruce, 1974;<br />
Hay<strong>as</strong>hi, 1975). In Florida: northern Gulf of<br />
Mexico through the Florida Keys.<br />
Lysmata intermedia (Kingsley, 1878)<br />
Description: Sivertsen, 1933:5, pi. 2: fig. 9-15.<br />
Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: The Honda Middle Grounds<br />
(Dardeau et al., 1980) to the Florida Keys to<br />
Tobago and Curacao; Azores; Galapagos<br />
Islands (Chace, 1972). The Galapagos<br />
Islands record is questionable (Abele, 1975).<br />
Lysmata rathbunae Chace, 1970<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:126, fig. 89.<br />
Type-locality: Off Boynton Beach, Florida,<br />
26 o 31*N,80°l , W, 55-64 m.<br />
Distribution: Typical form: SE Cape Fear,<br />
North Carolina, 33 o 30'24 M N, 77°24 , 30 M W, 25<br />
m; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to Yucatan. Bermuda;<br />
Miami, Florida, Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />
Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:127, fig. 90.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey,<br />
to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Surinam; French<br />
Guiana; Mamanguape, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Merhippolyte americana Holthuis, 1961<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1961:1, fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: 20°59 , 30"N, 86°23'45 H W,<br />
Yucatan Channel, 237.6 m, coral.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina; South Florida;<br />
Yucatan Channel; Sao Paulo; Rio Grande do<br />
Sul to Province of Buenos Aires<br />
(Christoffersen, 1979).<br />
Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888)<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:130, figs. 55,56.<br />
Type-locality: Ambon, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys to Tooago and<br />
Yucatan; Bay of Bengal, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia, and<br />
Caroline Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />
Thor dobkini Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:134, fig. 94.<br />
Type-locality: Punta R<strong>as</strong>sa (near mouth of<br />
Caloosahatchee River), Lee County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Shackleford Bank, North<br />
Carolina, to Yucatan; Louisiana; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Cuba (Williams, 1984).<br />
Thor floridanus Kingsley, 1878<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:135, fig. 95.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Black Rocks off New River,<br />
Northa Carolina (?) to Yucatan (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Thor manningi Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:137, fig. 96.<br />
Type-locality: English Harbour, Antigua<br />
Island.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
Yucatan and through West Indies to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao;<br />
Isl<strong>as</strong> Tres Mari<strong>as</strong>, off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico<br />
(Chace 1972).<br />
Tozeuma carolinense Kingsley, 1878<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:138, fig. 97.<br />
Type-locality: Fort Macon, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico to Yucatan and<br />
southward to Colon, Panama; through West<br />
Indies to Curacao; Pernambuco to Bahia, Brazil<br />
(Coelho and Ramos 1972).<br />
Tozeuma cornutum A. Milne Edwards, 1881<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1881:16;
1883, pi. 32.--Chace, 1972:141.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Off Barbados, in 73 m; in deep<br />
water e<strong>as</strong>t of Florida Keys; in Great Lameshur<br />
Bay, St. John, Virgin Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />
Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, 1881<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:140, fig. 98.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Nonamesset Island,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; Off Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />
Lookout, North Carolina (Herbst et al., 1979);<br />
Cape Canaveral, extreme southern and<br />
northwestern Florida, Colombia and Barbados<br />
(Chace, 1972; Williams, 1984).<br />
Trachycaris restrictus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1878)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1949b:233, figs. 2,3.<br />
Type-locality: Cape Verde Islands.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida (Dardeau et al., 1980) south to Estado<br />
do Para, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from the<br />
Canary Islands to St. Helena Island (Chace,<br />
1972).<br />
FAMILY OGYRIDIDAE<br />
Ogyrides alphaerostris (Kingsley, 1880)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:107, fig.74.<br />
Type-locality: Northampton County, Virginia,<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern shore, Atlantic side.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern shore of Accomack<br />
County, and lower James River, Virginia,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico to Rio Grande do Sul,<br />
Brazil (Christoffersen 1979). Florida (26 m)<br />
(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:109, fig. 75.<br />
Type-locality: Off Bogue Bank west of Ft.<br />
Macon, North Carolina, ~ 3.5 m.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
Seb<strong>as</strong>tian Inlet, Florida; northwestern Florida<br />
to Mississippi; Puerto Rico (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY PROCESSIDAE<br />
Ambidexter symmetrwus Manning and Chace,<br />
1971<br />
Description: Manning and Chace, 1971:3,<br />
figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Matheson Hammock Wading<br />
Beach, Biscayne Bay, Miami, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico to Trinidad<br />
(Chace, 1972).<br />
Checklist 23<br />
Nikoides schmitti Manning and Chace, 1971<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:141, fig. i 3.<br />
Type-locality: 1. 25 km south of Garden Key,<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Monroe County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina (Herbst et al., 1979), Biscayne Bay<br />
and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Guadeloupe and the Guian<strong>as</strong><br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Processa bermudensis (Rankin, 1900)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:143, fig. 100.<br />
Type-locality: Harrington Sound, Bermuda.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; North Carolina near<br />
Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong> to northwestern Florida;<br />
Veracruz, Mexico (Ray, 1974); Cuba; Puerto<br />
Rico; Guadeloupe; Peninsula de Arago, Estado<br />
Sucre, Venezuela, in Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum; Bahia and<br />
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1979;<br />
Williams, 1984).<br />
Processa flmbriata Manning and Chace, 1971<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:144, fig. 101.<br />
Type-locality: Off E<strong>as</strong>t Key, Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Monroe County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off New River, North Carolina,<br />
to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Christoffersen 1979).<br />
Processa guyanae Holthuis, 1959<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:145, fig. 102.<br />
Type-locality: NW of the Coppename River<br />
(Surinam) 6°54'N, 56°14'W, 49 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, including<br />
northern co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Surinam, Ceara,<br />
Brazil, to Uruguay (Williams, 1984). Florida<br />
(40-200 m) (personal communication, P. M.<br />
Mikkelsen).<br />
Processa hemphiUi Manning and Chace, 1971<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:146, fig. 103.<br />
Type-locality: Marco, Collier County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: E Cape Lookout, and Bogue<br />
Sound, North Carolina; E co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; NW<br />
Florida (Saloman, 1979); Guadeloupe; Rio de<br />
Janerio, Brazil, to Province of Buenos Aires,<br />
Argentina (Christoffersen, 1979; Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Processa profunda Manning and Chace,<br />
1971<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:147, fig. 104.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off the west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, 202 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>; off<br />
South Carolina; Gulf of Mexico off southern
24 Checklist<br />
and western Florida; Surinam (Williams^<br />
1984).<br />
Processa riveroi Manning and Chace, 1971<br />
Description: Manning and Chace, 1971:28,<br />
fig. 16.<br />
Type-locality: Maguey Island, La Parguera,<br />
Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Puerto Rico. Looe Key, Florida<br />
(personal communication, D. L. Felder).<br />
Processa vkina Manning and Chace, 1971<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:148, fig. 105.<br />
Type-locality: Off North Carolina,<br />
34°35'30"N, 75°45 , 30"W, 59 m.<br />
Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, northwest Florida, off Isla Margarita,<br />
Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY PANDALIDAE<br />
Pantomus parvulus A. Milne Edwards, 1883<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:157, fig. 110.<br />
Type-locality: Northern part of Yucatan Bank,<br />
23°13*N, 89°16'W, 153.6 m.<br />
Distribution: Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />
to Yucatan, Mexico; Puerto Rico; St. Croix,<br />
Virgin Island; Surinam) (Williams, 1984).<br />
Plesionika acanthonotus (Smith, 1882)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195 la:62, figs. 13b-t~<br />
Pequegnat, 1970:91.<br />
Type-locality: Off South Carolina, 32°43' N,<br />
77°21' W, 426 m. Blake Stn. 321.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: from off South<br />
Carolina to off southern Florida and off<br />
Nicaragua and Brazil, NE and NW Gulf of<br />
Mexico. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: off Portugal and<br />
Spain in the north; and off Angola and Rio<br />
Mundi, Africa, in the south and in the<br />
Mediterranean (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />
Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851)<br />
Description: Chace, 1985:62, fig. 26.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: In the western and e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Atlantic (including the Gulf of Mexico and the<br />
Mediterranean) and in the IndoPacific region<br />
(Chace, 1985).<br />
Plesionika ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 195la:55, fig. 11.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados, 434m. Blake<br />
Stn. 283.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida, Florida Straits and e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />
Mexico, off Barbados, and NE Brazil. E<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Atlantic: off Morocco and the Gulf of Guinea.<br />
Indian Ocean near Andaman Island. Pacific:<br />
Hawaiian Islands (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />
Plesionika escatUis (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:221,<br />
fig. 69a.<br />
Type-locality: Madeira Islands, E<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Atlantic.<br />
Distribution: The exact status and range of this<br />
species is yet to be determined. It occurs in the<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern and western Atlantic regions.<br />
Mesopelagic.<br />
Plesionika longicauda (Rathbun, 1901)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1901:117, fig. 24.--<br />
Pequegnat, 1970:86.<br />
Type-locality: Northe<strong>as</strong>t Gulf of Mexico, 161<br />
m, Albatross Ocean Stn. 2403, 28°42.5'N,<br />
H5°29 , W.<br />
Distribution: Indigenous to SW North Atlantic:<br />
NE Gulf of Mexico, Florida straits, Baham<strong>as</strong>,<br />
off Puerto Rico, in the Caribbean off<br />
Hondur<strong>as</strong>, and off Surinam (Pequegnat,<br />
1970).<br />
Plesionika martia (A. Milne Edwards, 1883)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951a:51,fig. 10.<br />
Type-locality: "e<strong>as</strong>t Atlantic," Travailleur Stn.<br />
400-1,200 m.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: off South<br />
Carolina to Florida and off Bermuda; NE and<br />
SW Gulf of Mexico. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: offSW<br />
Ireland, Bay of Biscay, throughout<br />
Mediterranean, Gulf of Guinea, and Cape of<br />
Good Hope. Indo-West Pacific: from Gulf of<br />
Aden and e<strong>as</strong>t African co<strong>as</strong>t to Japan and<br />
Hawaii (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />
Plesionika tenuipes (Smith, 1881)<br />
Description: Smith, 1881:441; 1882:59, pi.<br />
13: fig. 12.~Pequegnat, 1970:103, figs. 4-15.<br />
Type-locality: Off Block Island, Rhode Island,<br />
183-461 m, Fish Hawk Stn. 870,871, 873,<br />
877,880.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic: off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of United States from Rhode Island to southern<br />
tip of Florida; e<strong>as</strong>tern and western Gulf of<br />
Mexico, (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />
Stylopandalus richardi (Coutiere, 1905)<br />
Description: Chace, 1985:136, fig. 62.<br />
Type-locality: West of Madeira at 32° 13N,<br />
23*58^, 2000-0 m, and Canary Islands at
27°43'N, lS^W, 30G0-0 m.<br />
Distribution: Probably occurs in all major<br />
tropical and temperate se<strong>as</strong> (Chace, 1985).<br />
Florida (65-300 m) (personal communication,<br />
P. M. Mikkelsen].<br />
FAMILY CRANGONIDAE<br />
Crangon septemspinosa Say, 1818<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:159, fig. 112.<br />
Type-locality: "Bay shores and inlets of the<br />
sea" (e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the United States).<br />
Distribution: Subarctic-boreal (Haefner, 1979)<br />
although extending beyond these limits;<br />
northern part of Gulf of St. Lawrence,<br />
doubtfully Baffin Bay (Squires, 1965) to e<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Florida; Arctic Al<strong>as</strong>ka southward to Shumagin<br />
Islands, Al<strong>as</strong>ka; Sea of Okhotsk, and<br />
Ranshima, Hokkaido, Japan (Williams, 1984).<br />
Metacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sim (Smith, 1882)<br />
Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:233,<br />
figs. 74b, 75a, 76c.<br />
Type-locality: Smith (1882) did not designate a<br />
type but described specimens from Blake Stns.<br />
317,326,332 and 329 off the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic from about 41°<br />
N south to Florida.<br />
Parapontocaris caribbaea (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927)<br />
Description: Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927:125, fig. 28.--<br />
Dardeau and Heard, 1983:10, figs. 2f,-3.<br />
Type-locality: Caribbean Sea, off Hondur<strong>as</strong>,<br />
north of Glover Reef, 870 m, Pawnee Stn. 1<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic, Bahama Islands<br />
and Straits of Florida; northwestern Gulf of<br />
Mexico, off Galveston Bay; Caribbean Sea, off<br />
Hondur<strong>as</strong> (Dardeau and Heard, 1983).<br />
Philocer<strong>as</strong> gorei (Dardeau, 1980)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:161, fig. 114.<br />
Type-locality: 135 km due west of Sanibel<br />
Island Light, [Florida], 26°24'N, 83°22*W, 55<br />
m.<br />
Distribution: Off Georgia; off SW Florida,<br />
Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong> and Padre Island, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Pontophilus brevirostris Smith, 1881<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:161, fig. 113.<br />
Type-locality: Material described from a series<br />
of United States Fish Commission Stns. {Fish<br />
Hawk) 865-867, 870-874,877 and 878,119<br />
to 283 m, off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, constitutes the type-series<br />
Checklist 25<br />
(Smith, 1881). In 1882, Smith essentially<br />
repeated the original description, gave locality<br />
data for specimens studied from Stns. 314-<br />
315,321,327,333,344-345, and illustrated a<br />
mature female from Stn. 873, <strong>one</strong> of the<br />
stations listed in the original description. Two<br />
females from this lot, 40°02'N, 70°57'W, 183<br />
m, are in the type collection of the USNM <strong>as</strong><br />
are many syntypes from Stns. 865-67, 871,<br />
and 872 (Williams, 1984).<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Maine to Gulf of Mexico<br />
off Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> and Cuba (Williams and<br />
Wigley, 1977; Pequegnat, 1970).<br />
FAMILY GLYPHOCRANGONIDAE<br />
Glyphocrangon haematonotusBolihuk, 1971<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1971:315, figs. 6, 7.<br />
Type-locality: From Gerda Stn. 649, Straits of<br />
Florida, 26°34*N, 79°43 r W, 494 m.<br />
Distribution: From the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of South<br />
Carolina and the Bahama Islands to the<br />
Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia and St. Vincent<br />
(Holthuis, 1971).<br />
Glyphocrangon longleyi Schmitt, 1931<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1931:393.~Holthuis,<br />
1971:309, figs. 6,7.<br />
Type-locality: South of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, Baham<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Gulf of Mexico south to Santa Lucia (West<br />
Indies), Yucatan and Colombia (Holthuis,<br />
1971).<br />
Glyphocrangon spinicauda A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1881<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1881:3.--<br />
Holthuis, 1971:295, figs. 6, 7.<br />
Type-locality: St. Kitts (17°19'27"N,<br />
62°50'30"W, 458 m, fine gray sand and ooze).<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic from the e<strong>as</strong>t<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida south to Barbados and into the<br />
Caribbean area <strong>as</strong> far west <strong>as</strong> Yucatan,<br />
Hondur<strong>as</strong>, and Nicaragua (Holthuis, 1971).<br />
INFRAORDER ASTACIDEA<br />
FAMILY NEPHROPIDAE<br />
Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1974:741, figs. 4-8.<br />
Type-locality: Off Grenada, HW^'N,<br />
61*48'30"W, 761 m.<br />
Distribution: Throughout the Gulf of Mexico
26 Checklist<br />
and the Caribbean Sea, including the Straits of<br />
Florida (Holthuis, 1974).<br />
Metanephrops binghami (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1974:827, figs. 25,26.<br />
Type-locality: From north of Glover Reef,<br />
British Hondur<strong>as</strong> (Belize).<br />
Distribution: From the Bahama Islands to<br />
French Guiana, including the Gulf of Mexico<br />
and the Caribbean Sea (Holthuis, 1974).<br />
Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1974:776, figs. 15,<br />
16A, 16B.<br />
Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of New Jersey, United<br />
States of America, 40°02'N, 70°57W, 183 m,<br />
bottom soft stickey mud.<br />
Distribution: From e<strong>as</strong>t of New Jersey, to<br />
French Guiana, including the entire Gulf of<br />
Mexico and Caribbean Sea (Holthuis, 1974).<br />
INFRAORDER THALASSIMDEA<br />
FAMILY AXIIDAE<br />
Axiopsis hirsutimana (Boesch and Smalley,<br />
1972)<br />
Description: Boesch and Smalley, 1972:45,<br />
figs. 1-9.<br />
Type-locality: Off British Guiana, 6°50*N,<br />
54 0 47W.<br />
Distribution: Off British Guiana; SE<br />
P<strong>as</strong>cagoula Sea Buoy, Mississippi; about 80<br />
km northe<strong>as</strong>t of tip of Mississippi River delta<br />
(Boesch and Smalley, 1972). Tortug<strong>as</strong> shrimp<br />
grounds, Florida (Williams, 1974c).<br />
Axiopsis oxypleura (Williams, 1974)<br />
Description: Williams, 1974c:457, figs. 11-18.<br />
Type-locality: Straits of Florida west of Riding<br />
Rocks, 25°15'N, 79 0 13W, 365 m.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Axiopsis serratifrons (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1873)<br />
Description: Kensley, 1981:1253, figs. 1-5.<br />
Type-locality: "Upolu [presumably the island<br />
in western Samoa] et les iles Sandwich"<br />
[presumably the Hawaiian Islands].<br />
Distribution: See Kensley, 1981:1260<br />
Coralaxius abelei Kensley and Gore, 1981<br />
Description: Kensley and Gore, 1981:1278,<br />
figs. 1-6.<br />
Type-locality: Atlantic Ocean, French Reef, off<br />
Key Largo, Monroe County, Florida; 25°02'N,<br />
80°19'W;76m.<br />
Distribution: French Reef, off Key Largo,<br />
Florida; Caribbean Sea, Carrie Bow Cay,<br />
Belize.<br />
FAMILY CALLIANASSIDAE<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus' (Stimpson, 1866)<br />
Description: Biffar, 1971a:655, figs. 3,4.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />
Distribution: Miami; Florida Keys; Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Puerto Rico; Jamaica; Barbados;<br />
Antigua; Venezuela (Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica Rathbun, 1926<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:18fl, fig. 125.<br />
Type-locality: "Our species ranges from the<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Southern [United] States north to Long<br />
Island Sound" (Smith, 1873).<br />
Distribution: B<strong>as</strong>s River, Nova Scotia, to<br />
Georgia; Franklin County, Florida (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis Biffar, 1971<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:182, fig. 126.<br />
Type-locality: South end of Sapelo Island,<br />
mouth of Doboy Sound, Mcintosh County,<br />
Georgia.<br />
Distribution: B<strong>as</strong>s River, Yarmouth and<br />
Nantucket Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts (Williams<br />
and Wigley, 1977); Chesapeake Bay(?); North<br />
Inlet, South Carolina (Holland and Polgar,<br />
1976), to Mcintosh County, Georgia; Franklin<br />
County, NW Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri (Rathbun, 1900)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1900:150, pi. 8: figs. 5-<br />
8.~Biffar, 1971a: 661, figs. 5,6.<br />
Type-locality: Mamanguarpe St<strong>one</strong> Reef,<br />
Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida,<br />
including Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Bimini;<br />
Little San Salvador; Puerto Rico; Barbados;<br />
Curacao; Tobago; Brazil (Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa fragilis Biffar, 1970<br />
Description: Biffar, 1970:45, fig. 3;<br />
1971a:667, figs. 7, 8.<br />
Type-locality: Punta Aren<strong>as</strong>, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida; Puerto<br />
Rico; Antigua; Venezuela (Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutingaRodrigues, 1966<br />
Description: Rodrigues, 1966:45, figs. 41c-
60.~Biffar, 1971a: 674, figs. 9,10.<br />
Type-locality: Sao Seb<strong>as</strong>tiao, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida, Puerto<br />
Rico; Brazil (Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense Schmitt, 1935<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935b:9, pi. 1: fig. 2,<br />
pi. 2: figs. 6-8, pi. 4: figs. 1,4.<br />
Type-locality: Brackish pond at Montego Bay,<br />
Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: Grand Isle, Louisiana to Brazil;<br />
Jamaica.<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1870<br />
Description: Biffar, 1971a:685, figs. 13,14.<br />
Type-locality: Martinique.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida;<br />
Jamaica; Martinique (Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa nwrginataRsiihbvLn, 1901<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1901:92, fig. 15.--<br />
Biffar, 1971a:689, figs. 15,16.<br />
Type-locality: Mayaguez Harbor, Puerto Rico,<br />
315 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida,<br />
Arrowsmith Bank; Puerto Rico; Barbados<br />
(Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta Biffar, 1970<br />
Description: Biffar, 1970:40, fig. 2;<br />
1971a:694, figs. 17,18.<br />
Type-locality: Cumana, Venezuela.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida; Venezuela<br />
(Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathhunae Schmitt, 1935<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935b: 15, pi. 1: fig. 5,<br />
pi. 2: fig. 2, pi. 3: fig. 1, pi. 4: fig. 2.--<br />
Biffar, 1970:699, figs. 19, 20.<br />
Type-locality: Bluefields, Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: Miami; Jamaica (Biffar, 1970).<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilohata Biffar, 1970<br />
Description: Biffar, 1970:36, fig. 1;<br />
1971a:704,figs.21,22.<br />
Type-locality: Off Pinell<strong>as</strong> Point, Tampa Bay,<br />
Florida, 2-3 m.<br />
Distribution: Miami, Tampa Bay, and Lemon<br />
Bay, Florida (Biffar, 1971a).<br />
Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt, 1935)<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935b:5, pi. 1: fig. 3,<br />
pi. 3: fig. 2, pi. 4: fig. 5.<br />
Type-locality: Grand Isle, Louisiana.<br />
Checklist 27<br />
Distribution: Grand Isle, Louisiana; Alligator<br />
Harbor, Florida.<br />
Callichirus major (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:183, fig. 127.<br />
Type-locality: Bay Shore of St. Johns River in<br />
e<strong>as</strong>t Florida, near low-water mark.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, to<br />
Cape Canaveral, Florida; Grand Terre Island to<br />
Timbalier Island, Louisiana; Espirito Santo and<br />
Sao Paulo, Brazil (Rodrigues, 1965,1971;<br />
Williams, 1984).<br />
Gourretia latispina (Dawson, 1967)<br />
Description: Dawson, 1967b: 190, fig. 1.—<br />
Biffar, 1971a:679, figs. 11,12.<br />
Type-locality: Grand Isle, Louisiana, 14 m.<br />
Distribution: Grand Isle, Louisiana; off<br />
southwestern Florida; Hondur<strong>as</strong> (Biffar,<br />
1971a).<br />
FAMILY UPOGEBIIDAE<br />
Upogebia affinis (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:191, fig. 133.<br />
Type-locality: Georgia.<br />
Distribution: WellfLeet, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />
Rockport, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Hedgpeth, 1950); through<br />
West Indies to Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />
(Coelho, 1966,1970; Gomes Correa, 1968;<br />
Williams, 1984).<br />
Upogebia operculata Schmitt, 1924<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1924b:91, pi. 5: figs. 1-4.<br />
Type-locality: Okra Reef, Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Okra Reef, Barbados; St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong>, Savannah P<strong>as</strong>sage; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida (Schmitt, 1935a). Looe Key, Florida<br />
(personal communication, D. L. Felder).<br />
INFRAORDER PALINURA<br />
FAMILY PALINURIDAE<br />
Justitia longimanus (H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1837)<br />
Description: Bouvier, 1925:442, pi. 8: fig. l.~<br />
Manning, 1978:24.<br />
Type-locality: The Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda and from southern tip<br />
of Florida through most of the Antilles<br />
(Manning, 1978).<br />
Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:170, fig. 120.
28 Checklist<br />
Type-locality: Err<strong>one</strong>ously given <strong>as</strong> E<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Indies ("des Grandes-Indies").<br />
Distribution: North Carolina through Gulf of<br />
Mexico and West Indies to Rio de Janeiro,<br />
Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Panulirus guttatus (Latreille, 1804)<br />
Description: Gruvel, 1911:29, fig. 12, pi. 3:<br />
fig. 3.--Holthuis, 1959:124, fig. 20.<br />
Type-locality: Surinam.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic Ocean from<br />
Bermuda and Florida to Brazil and the West<br />
Indies (Holthuis, 1959).<br />
Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille, 1817)<br />
Description: Gruvel, 1911:45, fig. 21.--<br />
Holthuis, 1959:123.<br />
Type-locality: Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, Florida, Cuba,<br />
Jamaica, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, French Guiana, and Brazil<br />
(Holthuis, 1959).<br />
FAMILY SCYLLARIDAE<br />
Parribacus antarcticus (Lund, 1793)<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1985:73, figs. 21,25A.<br />
Type-locality: Amboina Molucc<strong>as</strong> (Holthuis,<br />
1985).<br />
Distribution: The species is known both from<br />
the western Atlantic from Florida to Brazil<br />
including the West Indies and Caribbean Sea,<br />
and from the Indo-West Pacific (E and SE<br />
Africa to Formosa) (Holthuis, 1985).<br />
Scyllarides aequinoctialis (Lund, 1793)<br />
Description: Lyons, 1970:15, pi. 2: figs. A, B.<br />
Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: West Indies and Caribbean Sea;<br />
Gulf of Mexico; southern Florida to Bermuda<br />
(Lyons, 1970).<br />
Scyllarides nodifer (Stimpson, 1866)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:174, fig. 121.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to Florida and throughout Gulf of<br />
Mexico to Yucatan (Lyons, 1970); a postlarva<br />
from south of Long Island (29°inSf, 71°56W)<br />
w<strong>as</strong> taken in the stomach of a lancetfish<br />
{Alepisaurus) (Williams, 1984).<br />
Scyllarus amerkanus (Smith, 1869)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:176, fig. 122.<br />
Type-locality: Egmont Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Bouge Inlet, North Carolina,<br />
to Campeche Banks off Mexico, and Venezuela<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Scyllarus chacei Holthuis, 1960<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:177, fig. 123.<br />
Type-locality: North-northwest mouth of<br />
Marowijne River, about 20 mi. off co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Surinam.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico, West<br />
Indies, and Caribbean Sea to off Cape Sao<br />
Roque, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Scyllarus depressus (Smith, 1881)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:178, fig. 124.<br />
Type-locality: South of Martha's Vineyard,<br />
40°5'39"N, 70°23 , 52 M W, 157.3 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and West<br />
Indies to State of Sao Paulo, Brazil (Williams,<br />
1984). Florida (78 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
FAMILY SYNAXIDAE<br />
Palinurellus gunalachi (Von Martens, 1881)<br />
Description: Manning, 1978:35.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba, Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, southern Florida, most<br />
of the West Indies, Yucatan (Manning, 1978).<br />
INFRAORDER ANOMURA<br />
FAMILY COENOBITIDAE<br />
Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst, 1791)<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:359, fig. 3.<br />
Tvpe-locality: West Indies.<br />
Distribution: Florida, Bermuda, West Indies to<br />
Venezuela (Provenzano, 1959).<br />
FAMILY DIOGENIDAE<br />
Calcinus tibicen (Herbst, 1791)<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:363, fig. 4.<br />
Type-locality: Not given by Herbst.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, West Indian region<br />
from NW Florida to Brazil (Provenzano, 1959,<br />
Abele, 1970).<br />
Cancellus ornatus Benedict, 1901<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:193, fig. 134.<br />
Type-locality: Northe<strong>as</strong>t Gulf of Mexico<br />
between Mississippi delta and Cedar Keys,<br />
Florida, 28°45'N, ta, 55 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />
33°43*N, 76°40'W to 33°42.7' N, 76°40.2*W,<br />
90-110 m (Herbst et al., 1979) through e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Gulf of Mexico, Greater and Lesser Antilles, to
near Los Abrolhos off central Brazil (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Cancellus viridis Mayo, 1973<br />
Description: Mayo, 1973:28, figs. 9-11.<br />
Type-locality: Southwest Caribbean Sea, north<br />
of Panama.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-locality.<br />
Southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />
A. McLaughlin).<br />
Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1862<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:368, fig. 5B.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Southern Florida through West<br />
Indies to Curacao and Brazil (Provenzano,<br />
1959).<br />
Clibanarius cubensis (Saussure, 1858)<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:369, fig. 5C.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Florida, from Miami southward,<br />
West Indies to South America (Provenzano,<br />
1959).<br />
Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:366, fig. 5A.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, Florida from Miami<br />
through the Keys, West Indies (Provenzano,<br />
1959).<br />
Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:194, fig. 135.<br />
Type-locality: "Les cotes de la Caroline."<br />
Distribution: Potomac River, Gunston,<br />
Virginia, to Florianopolis, Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil (Forest and de Saint Laurent, 1967).<br />
Dardanus fucosus Biffar and Provenzano,<br />
1972<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:196, fig. 136.<br />
Type-locality: Off French Guiana-Brazil<br />
border, 05^9^, 51°37*W, 64 m, Oregon Stn.<br />
4202.<br />
Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, 35°02'N, 75°26W, to off Amapa,<br />
extreme northern Brazil, 04°02'N, 50°33"W<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:197, fig. 137.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina,<br />
31m. (Cerame-Viv<strong>as</strong> et'al., 1963), to Port<br />
Checklist 29<br />
Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />
Guadeloupe (Williams, 1984).<br />
Dardanus venosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848)<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:374, fig. 6.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, southern Florida, West<br />
Indies to Brazil (Provenzano, 1959).<br />
Isocheles wurdemanni Stimpson, 1862<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:375, fig. 7.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, at mouth of Rio<br />
Grande.<br />
Distribution: Tex<strong>as</strong>, Louisiana, west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida and Venezuela (Provenzano, 1959).<br />
Paguristes anomalus Bouvier, 1918<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:391, figs. 12A-<br />
C.<br />
Type-locality: Near San Diego de Cuba under<br />
old coral.<br />
Distribution: Known only from type-locality<br />
and Long Reef, Florida (Provenzano, 1959).<br />
Paguristes cadenati Forest, 1954<br />
Description: Forest, 1954:353, figs. 1, 3.<br />
Type-locality: Fort-de-France (Martinique).<br />
Distribution: Martinique; Florida Keys.<br />
Paguristes erythrops Holthuis, 1959<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1959:138, figs. 24, 25.<br />
Type-locality: Between the mouths of the<br />
Coppename and Suriname Rivers, 06°42'N,<br />
55*^^^; bottom mud and fine shells; depth 44 m<br />
Distribution: From the the type-locality and<br />
southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />
A. McLaughlin).<br />
Paguristes grayi Benedict, 1901<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:387, fig. 10B.<br />
Type-locality: San Antonio Bridge, San Juan,<br />
Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys, Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Puerto<br />
Rico. Santo Domingo and probably generally<br />
throughout the West Indian region<br />
(Provenzano, 1959).<br />
Paguristes hernancortezi McLaughlin and<br />
Provenzano, 1974<br />
Description: Mclaughlin and Provenzano,<br />
1974a:207, figs. 16a, 17d-f, 18c-d, g-h, 19f-j,<br />
20b,f-h,21.<br />
Type-locality: 7 mi. off Sanibel Island,<br />
Florida, MIV Hernan Cortez Stn. L., 26°24'N,<br />
83 0 22'W,55m.
30 Checklist<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Paguristes hummiW<strong>as</strong>s, 1955<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:200, fig. 139.<br />
Type-locality: Alligator Harbor, Franklin<br />
County, Florida<br />
Distribution: Newport River, North Carolina,<br />
to off Sapelo Island, Georgia; Marco Beach,<br />
southwestern Florida, to off Isles Dernieres,<br />
Louisiana (28°38'N, 90°55 r W) (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Paguristes inconstans McLaughlin and<br />
Provenzano, 1974<br />
Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />
1974b:919, figs. 13-15.<br />
Type-locality: Off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida,<br />
27°55 r N, 79°05'W.<br />
Distribution: Western and e<strong>as</strong>tern co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Florida, southward through Caribbean to<br />
Colombia (McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />
1974b).<br />
Paguristes invisisacculus McLaughlin and<br />
Provenzano, 1974<br />
Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />
1974a:223, figs. 23b; 24d-f; 25c, d, g, h, 26ei,<br />
27.<br />
Type-locality: Ragged Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Honda Keys to Jamaica<br />
(McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a).<br />
Paguristes laticlavus McLaughlin and<br />
Provenzano, 1974<br />
Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />
1974b:928, figs. 16-18.<br />
Type-locality: Off Colombia, ll^^TST,<br />
74°17'W.<br />
Distribution: Florida through Caribbean to<br />
Colombia and Venezuela (McLaughlin and<br />
Provenzano, 1974b).<br />
Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis McLaughlin and<br />
Provenzano, 1974<br />
Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />
1974b:902, figs. 7-9.<br />
Type-locality: West side Limon Bay, Pulpit<br />
Point, Panama.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, Panama,<br />
Colombia (McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />
1974b).<br />
Paguristes lymani A. Milne Edwards and<br />
Bouvier, 1893<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:201, fig. 140.<br />
Type-locality: Sand-Key (Florida), 27 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina (150-180 m); Florida Keys to<br />
Swan Island off Hondur<strong>as</strong>; through West<br />
Indies to Guyana (Williams, 1984).<br />
Paguristes moorei Benedict, 1901<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:202, fig. 141.<br />
Type-locality: Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Edge of continental shelf off<br />
Cape Lookout, North Carolina; Florida Straits<br />
(Hazlett, 1966); Puerto Rico (Williams, 1984).<br />
Paguristes omopkthalmus Holihuis, 1959<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1959:135, figs. 22b, 23.<br />
Type-locality: About 20 mi. NNW of the<br />
mouth of the Coppername River, depth 31 m.<br />
Distribution: Suriname. Florida (personal<br />
communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />
Paguristes puncticeps Benedict* 1901<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:384, fig. 10A.<br />
Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: Along northwestern Florida;<br />
South Florida from Miami southward,<br />
probably generally in the West Indies<br />
(Provenzano, 1959).<br />
Paguristes sericeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:203.<br />
Type-locality: 23°34'N, &>°16W, (near Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida), 66m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; West Flower Garden Bank, NW Gulf<br />
of Mexico to Virgin Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />
Paguristes spinipesA. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:204, fig. 143.<br />
Tvpe-locality: Grenada, 168 m.<br />
Distribution: Gulf Stream south of Cape<br />
Lookout, North Carolina; off Cape Canaveral<br />
to Florida Straits, Sar<strong>as</strong>ota, Florida; Barbados<br />
to Pernambuco, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Paguristes starcki Provenzano, 1965<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1965:726, figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: One-third mi. south-southwest<br />
or Alligator Light, Monroe County, Florida, at<br />
a depth of 6 m.<br />
Distribution: From the type-locality.<br />
Paguristes tenuirostris Benedict, 1901<br />
Description: Bededict, 1901:143>pl. 4: fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Grampus Stn. 5077,125m,
Gulf of Mexico, off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:205, fig. 144.<br />
Type-locality: Off Fort Jefferson Dock,<br />
Garden Key, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida,<br />
Distribution: Reefs off Beaufort, North<br />
Carolina, to southern and southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida;<br />
through West Indies to northern Brazil; (?)<br />
northern Gulf of Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />
Paguristes triangulatus A. Milne Edwards<br />
and Bouvier, 1893<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:206, fig. 145.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, 136 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina,<br />
(12m) to Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Barbados; Trinidad<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si Provenzano, 1961<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1961:155, fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: One fourth mi. south-southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Alligator Light, Florida Keys, at 8 m, coral<br />
and sand bottom.<br />
Distribution: From Virgin Islands and Florida<br />
Keys.<br />
Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:198, fig. 138.<br />
Type-locality: Near shores of Bahama Islands<br />
[Catesby, 1743 (1754 ed.<strong>as</strong> cited in Holthuis<br />
1959)].<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and West<br />
Indies to off Ilha de Sao Sev<strong>as</strong>tiao, Brazil,<br />
23°42.5'S, 45°14.5'W (Forest and De Saint<br />
Laurent, 1967).<br />
FAMILY LITHODIDAE<br />
Paralomis cuhensis Chace, 1939<br />
Description: Chace, 1939:49.<br />
Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of Havana, Cuba,<br />
23°12'30"N, 82°12'00"W, 439-549 m.<br />
Distribution: From the type-locality. Florida<br />
(26°45'N, 84°55'W, 255-400 m) (personal<br />
communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
FAMILY PAGURIDAE<br />
Agaricochirus acanthinus McLaughlin, 1982<br />
Description: McLaughlin, 1982:838, figs, lg,<br />
2g, 3g, 4,5a, b, e.<br />
Type-locality: Gerda Stn. 1301, 24°57'N,<br />
Checklist 31<br />
80°14'W.<br />
Distribution: Straits of Florida, western<br />
Caribbean (McLaughlin, 1982).<br />
Agaricochirus alexandri (A. Milne Edwards<br />
and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1893:87, pi. 6: figs. 23-26.-- McLaughlin,<br />
1982:834, figs, lb, 2b, 3b.<br />
Type-locality: Blake Stn. 132, off Santa Cruz<br />
(St. Croix), Virgin Islands.<br />
Distribution: Straits of Florida, Caribbean to<br />
Barbados and northern co<strong>as</strong>t of South America<br />
(McLaughlin, 1982).<br />
Agaricochirus boletifer (A. Milne Edwards<br />
and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1893:84, pi. 6: figs. 19-22.-McLaughlin,<br />
1982:825, figs, la, 2a, 3a.<br />
Type-locality: Blake Stn. 231, off St. Vincent,<br />
West Indies.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, central<br />
Caribbean, St. Vincent, West Indies<br />
(McLaughlin, 1982).<br />
Agaricochirus gibbosimanus (A. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:42.-<br />
McLaughlin, 1982:836, figs, le, 2e, 3e.<br />
Type-locality: Blake Stn. 206, off Martinique.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic off Dominican<br />
Republic; Yucatan Channel and northern<br />
Caribbean; Windward Islands (McLaughlin,<br />
1982). Florida (personal communication, P.<br />
A. McLaughlin).<br />
Anisopagurus bartletti (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1893:91, pi. 7: figs. 1-9.<br />
Type-locality: Off St. Vincent, 146 fathoms,<br />
Blake Stn. 223.<br />
Distribution: Southern Florida and the islands<br />
of St. Vincent, Grenada and Barbados in the<br />
West Indies.<br />
Anisopagurus pygmaeus (Bouvier, 1918)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:223, fig. 159.<br />
Type-locality: Bahia de Socapa (Zocappa) near<br />
Santiago de Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Off Little River Inlet, South<br />
Carolina; southern Florida, including Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
to Puerto Rico; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Williams, 1984).
32 Checklist<br />
Catapagurus sharrei A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Forest and De Saint Laurent,<br />
1967:151, figs. 124-135.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic south to Brazil<br />
(Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967).<br />
Iridopagurus caribbensis (A. Milne Edwards<br />
and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:207, fig. 146.<br />
Type-locality: Flannegan P<strong>as</strong>sage, Virgin<br />
Islands, Blake Stn. 142.<br />
Distribution: ESE of Charleston, South<br />
Carolina (32°34'N, 79°05'W); WSW of<br />
Panama City, Florida (30°19'N, 86°15.5*W);<br />
southern Florida, Virgin Islands, and<br />
Guadeloupe (Williams, 1984). E<strong>as</strong>t and west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Alabama; Bahama Islands;<br />
Lesser Antilles; Venezuela; Curacao; off Santa<br />
Marta, Colombia (Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />
Iridopagurus globulus De Saint Laurent-<br />
Dechance\ 1966<br />
Description: De Saint Laurent-Dechanc6,<br />
1966:169, figs. 28, 33, 38.<br />
Type-locality: Northwest Providence Channel,<br />
Bahama Islands, Gerda Stn. 522.<br />
Distribution: The Straits of Florida; the<br />
Northwest Province Channel, Bahama Islands;<br />
off Barbados, and Golfo de Uraba, Colombia<br />
(Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />
Iridopagurus iris (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1893:112 (in part), pi. 8: figs. 14-25.--Garcia-<br />
Gomez, 1983:16.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados, Blake Stn. 290.<br />
Distribution: Known in the western Atlantic<br />
from southern Florida, off northwest Little<br />
Bahama Bank south to North Bahama Islands,<br />
Puerto Rico, Saint Vincent in the Windward<br />
Islands, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago,<br />
French Guiana, Venezuela, Colombia, off<br />
Southwest Cay in the southwestern Caribbean,<br />
and Isl<strong>as</strong> Mujeres, off the Yucatan Peninsula,<br />
Mexico (Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />
Iridopagurus reticulatus Garcia G6mez, 1983<br />
Description: Garcia-G6mez, 1983:37, figs. 3,4.<br />
Type-locality: Off north co<strong>as</strong>t of Crooked<br />
Island, Bahama Islands; 3-5 m.<br />
Distribution: Off the co<strong>as</strong>t of North Carolina;<br />
off Bermuda; Hollywood Beach, Florida; Cay<br />
Sal; off the Grand Bahama Island, southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
through various localities off the Bahama<br />
Islands, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, the<br />
United States Virgin Islands, the Leeward<br />
Islands and Bonaire in the Lesser Antilles,<br />
Venezuela, Curacao, Colombia, Surinam and<br />
to its southern and e<strong>as</strong>tern range, off French<br />
Guiana (Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />
Iridopagurus violaceus De Saint Laurent-<br />
Dechance\ 1966<br />
Description: De Saint Laurent-Dechance\<br />
1966:165, figs. 16,22, 26, 31, 36.<br />
Type-locality: Off Fernando do Norhona,<br />
Brazil, Calypso Stn, 19.<br />
Distribution: Off the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, the<br />
Florida Keys, Little Bahama Bank and off<br />
C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads, South co<strong>as</strong>t of Bermuda;<br />
through the Antillean arc, from Antigua to the<br />
Grenadines, off the north co<strong>as</strong>t of Venezuela,<br />
Colombia and Panama, and from off the co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Tobago southe<strong>as</strong>t to French Guiana; Brazil<br />
(Garcfa-G6mez, 1983).<br />
Manucomplanus corallinus (Benedict, 1892)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:224, fig. 160.<br />
Type-locality: Off Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico between Cedar<br />
Keys, Florida, and Mississippi delta; off Cape<br />
Catoche, Yucatan (Williams, 1984).<br />
Nematopaguroides pusillus Forest and Saint<br />
Laurent, 1967<br />
Description: Forest and St. Laurent 1967:159,<br />
figs. 142-146.<br />
Type-locality: Calypso Stn. 23, Brazil,<br />
08 o l9,5'S, 34 0 39*W, 75 m.<br />
Distribution: Southern Florida and the typelocality.<br />
Ostraconotus spatulipes A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1893:169, pi. 12.<br />
Type-locality: Sigsbee Stn. 50; 119 fathoms<br />
26°31'N, 85°53'E; Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida and Barbados.<br />
Pagurus annulipes (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:210, fig. 148.<br />
Type-locality: Beaufort Harbor, North<br />
Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />
to at le<strong>as</strong>t northern Florida (Mclaughlin, 1975).
Pagurus brevidactylus (Stimpson, 1859)<br />
Description: Lemaitre et al., 1982:675.<br />
Type-locality: Bathsheba, Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic from Bermuda,<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida and Baham<strong>as</strong> to Brazil;<br />
Caribbean; Gulf of Mexico (Lemaitre et al.,<br />
1982).<br />
Pagurus carolinensis McLaughlin, 1975<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:212, fig. 150.<br />
Type-locality: Black Rocks, off New River,<br />
North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Newport River (Kellogg, 1971)<br />
and Cape Lookout, North Carolina, to<br />
Southern Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852)<br />
Description: Dana, 1852:448.~Lemaitreetal.,<br />
1982:684, figs, la, b.<br />
Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico; Caribbean; south<br />
Atlantic from Brazil to Argentina (Lemaitre et<br />
al., 1982).<br />
Pagurus defensus (Benedict, 1892)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:213, fig. 151.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico between delta of<br />
Mississippi River and Cedar Keys, Florida, 55<br />
m.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />
Georgia; Torgug<strong>as</strong>, Florida, to Alabama<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Pagurus gymnodactylus Lemaitre, 1982<br />
Description: Lemaitre, 1982:657.~Lemaitre et<br />
al., 1982:687.<br />
Type-locality: 21.75 mi. northe<strong>as</strong>t Cedar Keys<br />
Light, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico from Mexico to<br />
west Florida (Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />
Pagurus impressus (Benedict, 1892)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:215, fig. 153.<br />
Type-locality: Boca Ciega Bay, inner shore of<br />
Pine Key (mouth of Tampa Bay), Florida<br />
(from holotype jar label).<br />
Distribution: Off Diamond Shoals, North<br />
Carolina, to near Cape Canaveral, Florida;<br />
Florida Bay, near Flamingo, north to vicinity<br />
of Pensacola, Florida (Cooley, 1978); Port<br />
Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1817<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:216, fig. 154.<br />
Type-locality: "Inhabits bay shore" (e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Checklist 33<br />
of United States).<br />
Distribution: Min<strong>as</strong> B<strong>as</strong>in and Chigneci > Bay<br />
(Bousfield and Leim 1960) to Hutchinson<br />
Island, Florida (Camp et al., 1977);<br />
southwestern Florida to co<strong>as</strong>t of Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Provenzano 1959; Rouse 1970; Whitten et al.,<br />
1950; Williams, 1984).<br />
Pagurus maclaughlinae Garcia-Gomez, 1982<br />
Description: Garcia-Gomez, 1982:647, figs.<br />
1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Wading Beach, Matheson<br />
Hammock, Miami, Florida.<br />
Distribution: From northern Gulf of Mexico to<br />
Florida Keys, and from central e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida<br />
to Puerto Rico (Garcia-Gomez, 1982).<br />
Pagurus marshi Benedict, 1901<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1959:405, fig. 17.—<br />
Lemaitre et al., 1982:680.<br />
Type-locality: Ponce, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: South Florida, through Caribbean<br />
to Colombia (Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />
Pagurus piercei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:218, fig. 155.<br />
Type-locality: 39 mi. SE Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>,<br />
73 m.<br />
Distribution: Tex<strong>as</strong> around the gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida to Georgia.<br />
Pagurus politus (Smith, 1882)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:219, fig. 156.<br />
Type-locality: Not designated in original<br />
description, but syntypes from four localities<br />
off New Jersey to M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts were<br />
indicated by Smith (1882). The male he<br />
illustrated, is in the type collection of USNM<br />
(21452), from off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 40°03*48"N, 70°45*54"W, 130<br />
m, Fish Hawk Stn. 922; others in the collection<br />
of MCZ, Harvard University, are from United<br />
States Fish Commission Stn. 309,<br />
40°11'40"N, 68°22'10"W, 556 m, and Stn.<br />
310, 39 0 59'16"N, 70°18'30"W, 475.5 m<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Distribution: Georges Bank to off Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida (Williams, 1974c).<br />
Pagurus pollkaris Say, 1817<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:220, fig. 157.<br />
Type-locality: (E<strong>as</strong>t) "co<strong>as</strong>t of the United<br />
States".<br />
Distribution: Grand Manan, New Brunswick,
34 Checklist<br />
to northe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida; Key West, Florida, to<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong> (Provenzano, 1959, in part).<br />
Pagurus provenzanoi Forest and De Saint<br />
Laurent, 1967<br />
Description: Forest and De Saint Laurent,<br />
1967:118, figs. 72-77,93, 94.- Lemaitre et<br />
al., 1982:672.<br />
Type-locality: Calypso Stn. 27,08°25.5'S,<br />
30°48.5'W.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida<br />
and Baham<strong>as</strong> through e<strong>as</strong>tern Caribbean to<br />
Brazil, south <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> Uruguay; western<br />
Caribbean from Yucatan Peninsula to Colombia<br />
(Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />
Pagurus stimpsoni (A. Milne Edwards and<br />
Bouvier, 1893)<br />
Description: Lemaitre et al., 1982:687, fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: West Co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic from North<br />
Carolina to Florida; Gulf of Mexico; Caribbean<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of South America (Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />
Phimochirus holthuisi (Provenzano, 1961)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:225, fig. 161.<br />
Type-locality: Sand patch on coral rock<br />
bottom, 4.5 mi. SE Ram's Head, St. John,<br />
Virgin Islands, 15-18 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina<br />
(Herbst et al., 1979) to Alabama(?); through<br />
West Indies to Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />
Phimochirus leurocarpus McLaughlin, 1981<br />
Description: McLaughlin, 1981b:356, figs. 4f,<br />
9b, 10b, lla-f, 12a-e.<br />
Type-locality: Pillsbury Stn. 736, 10°57'N,<br />
65°52'W.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda, Straits of Florida,<br />
Caribbean Sea south of Puerto Rico and north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Venezueala (McLaughlin, 1981b).<br />
Phimochirus operculatus (Stimpson, 1859)<br />
Description: McLaughlin, 1981b:336, figs. 4a,<br />
5a, 7a.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: South Florida, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao,<br />
Colombia (McLaughlin, 1981b).<br />
Phimochirus randalli (Provenzano, 1961)<br />
Description: Provenzano, 1961:159, fig. 2.-<br />
McLaughlin, 1981b: 340, figs. 4b, 5b, 7b.<br />
Type-locality: Ridge 5 mi. southe<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Lameshur Bay, St. John, Virgin Islands.<br />
Distribution: Bahama Islands; Straits of<br />
Florida, e<strong>as</strong>tern and western Caribbean<br />
(McLaughlin, 1981b).<br />
Pylopaguropsis atlantica W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963<br />
Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963:153, fig. 10.<br />
Type-locality: Off Surinam, 07°25'N,<br />
54°35*W; 137-146 m; Oregon Stn. 2289.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-locality and<br />
Florida (27°47.3'N, 79°57.6'W, 95-99m)<br />
(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Pylopagurus discoidalis (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:226, fig. 162.<br />
Type-locality: Montserrat, 220 m.<br />
Distribution: ENE Oregon Inlet, North<br />
Carolina (Provenzano, 1963), through e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to mouth of<br />
Amazon River, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Rhodochirus rosaceus (A. Milne Edwards<br />
and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:227, fig. 163.<br />
Type-locality: Grenada, 168 m.<br />
Distribution: South of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; southern Florida; Grenada and<br />
Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />
Solenopagurus Meatus' (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963:139, fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: 07°25'N 54°35W; 135-145 m;<br />
Oregon Stn. 2289.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina to Surinam<br />
(W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963).<br />
Tomopaguropsis problematica (A. Milne<br />
Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:228, figs. 164-165.<br />
Type-locality: Near Sand Key (SSW Key West,<br />
Florida), 228.6 m.<br />
Distribution: NE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; southern Florida and Baham<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Barbados; off Hondur<strong>as</strong> (16°39'N, 82°29*W)<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Tomopagurus chacei (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
Description: McLaughlin, I981a:21, figs, lh,<br />
7h, 8g.~W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963: figs. 1 la-g.<br />
Type-locality: Off Surinam, Oregon Stn.<br />
2289,07°25'N, 54°35'W.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic and Caribbean<br />
(McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />
Tomopagurus cokeri (Hay, 1917)<br />
Description: Hay, 1917:73.--McLaughlin,
1981a:13, figs. Id, 2a, 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a.<br />
Type-locality: Thirty miles S of Cape Lookout<br />
(lightship), North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico<br />
and Caribbean (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />
Tomopagurus cubensis (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963:134, figs. la-d.~<br />
McLaughlin, 1981a:21, figs, le, 7e, 8e.<br />
Type-locality: North of Matanz<strong>as</strong> Province,<br />
Cuba, Atlantis Stn. 3480,23°10'N, 81°28'W.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic and Caribbean;<br />
183-366 m (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />
Tomopagurus rubropunctatus A. Milne<br />
Edwards and Bouvier, 1893<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1893:71, pi. 6: figs. 1-6.- McLaughlin,<br />
1981a: 10, figs. la,7d,8d.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, Blake Stn. 290.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic and Caribbean<br />
Sea (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />
Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si McLaughlin, 1981<br />
Description: McLaughlin, 198la: 14, figs, lb,<br />
2b, 3b, 4b, 5,6,7b, 7c, 8b.<br />
Type-locality: Off Venezuela, Oregon Stn.<br />
1985,09°41'N,59 o 47 , W.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern United States,<br />
Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean,<br />
to northern Brazil (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />
FAMILY CHIROSTYLIDAE<br />
Uroptychus armatus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1897: 132, pi. 11: figs. 3, pi. 12: figs. 8, 9.<br />
Type-locality: Blake Stn. 241,163 fathoms,<br />
off Cariacou, Venezuela.<br />
Distribution: Cariacou, Venezuela; Florida<br />
(personal communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />
FAMILY GALATHEIDAE<br />
Galathea rostrata A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:232, fig. 167.<br />
Type-locality: 16 mi. north of Jolbos Island<br />
(Yucatan Peninsula), at 26 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina to southern Florida, northwestern<br />
Florida to Mississippi delta, and off Cape<br />
Catoche, Yucatan, Mexico (Gore, 1979).<br />
Munida angulata Benedict, 1902<br />
Description: Benedict, 1902:252, fig. 4.<br />
Checklist 35<br />
Distribution: Florida (29°40'N, 80°16*W, 64<br />
m; 29°19.4'N, 80°17.7'W, 45.7 m) (personal<br />
communication with D. K. Camp).<br />
Munida affinis A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:48.—<br />
Chace, 1942b:55, fig. 22.<br />
Type-locality: Off St. Kitts, West Indies.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-locality,<br />
north and south co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba (Chace, 1942b).<br />
100 miles south of Panama City, Florida, 183<br />
m (personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Munida forceps A. Milne Edwards, 18 80<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:49.--<br />
Chace, 1942b:39, fig. 15.<br />
Type-locality: Off Alacran Reef, north of<br />
Yucatan, in 154 m.<br />
Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba and<br />
throughout the Gulf of Mexico (Pequegnat and<br />
Pequegnat, 1970). Florida (122-215 m)<br />
(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Munida iris iris A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:233, fig. 168.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados, 382 m, Blake<br />
Stn. 274.<br />
Distribution: SSE of Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through southe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />
Mexico to near Cozumel Island, Yucatan, and<br />
through Caribbean islands to off mouth of<br />
Amazon River (Williams, 1984).<br />
Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:234, fig. 169.<br />
Type-locality: Not designated with certainty;<br />
syntypes from 10 localities in the Gulf of<br />
Mexico and Caribbean, (MCZ) (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />
Caribbean Sea to 34°14'S, 51°40'W off<br />
Uruguay; "600 mi. off St. Davids, Bermuda"<br />
(USNM) (Williams, 1984).<br />
Munida longipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:235, fig. 170.<br />
Type-locality: Not designated with certainty;<br />
syntypes from 7 localities off Cuba and the<br />
Lesser Antilles (MCZ).<br />
Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico to British<br />
Hondur<strong>as</strong>, and through West Indies to Curacao<br />
(Williams, 1984).
36 Checklist<br />
Munida miles A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:51.--<br />
Chace, 1942b:36.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico; Blake Stn. 45;<br />
of Havana, Cuba, Blake Stn. 53.<br />
Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf<br />
of Mexico; the Caribbean off Hondur<strong>as</strong><br />
(Pequegnat and Pequegnat, 1970) and<br />
throughout the Lesser Antilles; south <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong><br />
Pernambuco, Brazil.<br />
Munida pusilla Benedict, 1902<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:236, fig. 171.<br />
Type-locality: Albatross Stn. 2405, Gulf of<br />
Mexico (south of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida,<br />
28°45'N, 85°02*W, 55 m).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to Straits of Florida and through<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico to Yucatan; Colombia<br />
and Trinidad (Williams, 1984).<br />
Munida santipauli Henderson, 1885<br />
Description: Henderson, 1885:41 l.-Chace,<br />
1942b:38.<br />
Type-locality: Saint Peter and Saint Paul<br />
Rocks (00°56*N, 29°22'W), Atlantic Ocean.<br />
Distribution: In Western Atlantic from off<br />
Florida to St. Paul's Rocks and in the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Atlantic from the Azores to the African co<strong>as</strong>t in<br />
the region of the Canary Islands; off South<br />
Africa (Chace, 1942b).<br />
Munida simplex Benedict, 1902<br />
Description: Benedict, 1902:272, fig. 19.<br />
Type-locality: Albatross Stn. 2169; depth 140 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Havana, Cuba; Florida.<br />
Munida spinifrons Henderson, 1885<br />
Description: Henderson, 1888:144, pi. 15,<br />
fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Challenger Stn. 113A, off<br />
Fernando Noronha; 7-25 fathoms.<br />
Distribution: Southern Florida and the typelocality.<br />
Munida stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1897:48, pi. 4: figs. 1-13.<br />
Type-locality: The original material w<strong>as</strong><br />
collected from 20 Blake stations throughout the<br />
West Indies. A type-locality w<strong>as</strong> not<br />
designated although the description w<strong>as</strong><br />
apparently b<strong>as</strong>ed on material from Blake Stn.<br />
143,150 fathoms, 17°30'N, 69°43.5'E (A.<br />
Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897).<br />
Distribution: From north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba<br />
through the West Indian regions to Grenada<br />
(Chace, 1942b). 100 miles south of Panama<br />
City, Florida, 183 m (personal communication,<br />
D. K. Camp).<br />
Munida valida Smith, 1883<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:237, fig. 172,173.<br />
Type-locality: Off Southern New England Fish<br />
Hawk Stn. 1112, 39 0 56 r N, 70 o 35W, 448 m;<br />
Stn. 1124,40°01'N,68 0 54 , W, 1171 m.<br />
Distribution: Off southern New England<br />
through Gulf of Mexico to Golfo de<br />
Morrosquillo, Colombia, and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Munidopsis armata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Chace, 1942b:74.~Mayo,<br />
1974:72, figs. 6, 7.<br />
Type-locality: Fredericksted (St. Croix, Virgin<br />
Islands), Blake Stn. 137, 1144m.<br />
Distribution: Known from the Caribbean and<br />
from the Straits of Florida south to British<br />
Guiana in the western Atlantic (Mayo, 1974).<br />
Munidopsis platirostris (A. Milne Edwards<br />
and Bouvier, 1894)<br />
Description: Chace, 1942b:75.~Mayo,<br />
1974:216, fig. 31.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados, 183 m.<br />
Distribution: Known in the western Atlantic<br />
from the Straits of Florida, Arrowsmith Bank<br />
in the northwest Caribbean, north and south of<br />
the Dominican Republic, and in the Lesser<br />
Antilles (southe<strong>as</strong>tern Caribbean) from<br />
Dominica to Barbados (Mayo, 1974).<br />
Munidopsis polita (Smith, 1883)<br />
Description: Smith, 1883:50, pi. 2: fig. l,pl.<br />
3: figs. 1-5. -Pequegnat and Pequegnat,<br />
1970:155.<br />
Type-locality: Western North Atlantic (off<br />
Martha's Vineyard), Fish Hawk Stn.<br />
Distribution: Off the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the United<br />
States (off Martha's Vineyard) and in NW Gulf<br />
of Mexico. Florida (182-212 m) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Family Porcellanidae<br />
Euceramus praelongus Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:239, fig. 174.<br />
Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Delaware Bay (USNM; Watling<br />
and Maurer, 1976) to Arans<strong>as</strong> area of Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
co<strong>as</strong>t (Williams, 1984).
Megalobrachium poeyi (Guerin-Meneville,<br />
1855)<br />
Description: Benedict, 1901:136, pi. 3: fig. 8.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Widely distributed from e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Central Florida throughout the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Caribbean to Brazil, rarely in Panama (Gore<br />
and Abele, 1976).<br />
Megalobrachium soriatum (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:240, fig. 175.<br />
Type-locality: St. Catherines Island, Georgia.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West Indies<br />
to Barbadoes; Contoy, Mexico; Bahaia<br />
Caledonia and Galeta Island, Panama<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Neopisosoma angustifrons (Benedict, 1901)<br />
Description: Benedict, 1901:135, pi. 3: fig. 6.<br />
Type-locality: Trinidad.<br />
Distribution: Known from the southwestern<br />
Gulf of Mexico, the Lesser Antilles, Trinidad,<br />
Cubagua, Isl<strong>as</strong> La Tortuga, Bonaire, Curacao,<br />
Panama and Venezuela; littoral (Gore and<br />
Abele, 1976). Florida (personal<br />
communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />
Pachycheles ackleianus A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1923:295, pi. 2: fig. 12, pi. 4: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Blake Stn. 11, off west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida, and Stn. 39, Jolbos Islands.<br />
Distribution: Tampa Bay, Florida; Gulf of<br />
Mexico; North of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Jolbos<br />
Islands, North of Yucatan; Jamaica; St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong>; Barbados (Haig, 1956).<br />
Pachycheles monilifer (Dana, 1852)<br />
Description: Dana, 1852:413; 1855, pi. 26:<br />
fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Outer Hillsboro Reef, Florida;<br />
Contoy, Mexico; Isla Cubagua, Venezuela;<br />
Mamanguape, Brazil; Pernambuco; Rio de<br />
Janeiro; Bahia, Brazil (Haig, 1956).<br />
Pachycheles pilosus (H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1837)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:241, fig. 176.<br />
Type-locality: Vicinity of Charleston, South<br />
Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Charleston, South Carolina; Key<br />
West to Sar<strong>as</strong>ota Bay, Florida; through West<br />
Indies to Tobago and Aruba (Williams, 1984).<br />
Checklist 37<br />
Pachycheles riisei (Stimpson, 1858)<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935a:188, fig. 48.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Florida, Key West; Puerto Rico;<br />
St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Barbados; Una Trindade; Maceio,<br />
Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Haig, 1956).<br />
Pachycheles rugimanus A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:242, fig. 177.<br />
Type-locality: Contoy and W of Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through Florida to St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Virgin Islands, and Contoy Island, Mexico;<br />
Pernambuco, Brazil (Coelho, 1964; Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Parapetrolisthes tortugensis (Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945)<br />
Description: Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945:228, fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: In and around Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; off Isla La<br />
Tortuga, Venezuela; Virgin Islands.<br />
Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Haig, 1960:50, pi. 19: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Florida.<br />
Distribution: Widely distributed from the<br />
tropical western co<strong>as</strong>t of Africa, the e<strong>as</strong>t central<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, the Gulf of Mexico and<br />
throughout the Caribbean <strong>as</strong> far south <strong>as</strong> Santa<br />
Catharina, Brazil; in the e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific from<br />
the Gulf of California, Mexico, to Peru (Gore<br />
and Abele, 1976).<br />
Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1802)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:243, fig. 178.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Ilha Trinidade off<br />
Brazil; Pacific Ocean from Isla San Luc<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Costa Rica, to off La Libertad, Ecuador<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Petrolisthes jugosus Streets, 1872<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935a: 185.-Gore and<br />
Abele, 1976:11.<br />
Type-locality: Saint Martin Islands.<br />
Distribution: Known from the southwestern<br />
Gulf of Mexico, the Antilles in the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Caribbean, Trinidad, Tobago, and some<br />
islands along the northern co<strong>as</strong>t of South<br />
america, westward to Panama; Boca Raton,<br />
Palm Beach County, Florida (Gore and Abele,<br />
1976).
38 Checklist<br />
Petrolisthes politus (Gray, 1831)<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935a: 187.-- Gore and<br />
Abele, 1976:12.<br />
Type-locality: Not designated.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; Vera Cruz,<br />
Mexico; Puerto Rico; West Indies; Panama;<br />
Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />
Polyonyx gibbesi Haig, 1956<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:244, fig. 179.<br />
Type-locality: Co<strong>as</strong>t of South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Woods Hole, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />
Uruguay (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />
Porcellana sayana (Leach, 1820)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:245, fig. 180.<br />
Type-locality: Co<strong>as</strong>t of Georgia and Florida.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />
around Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />
Rio Grande de Sul, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />
1972).<br />
Porcellana sigsbeiana A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:246, fig. 181.<br />
Type-locality: Blake Stn. 49, off delta of<br />
Mississippi River, 216 m; 36, north of<br />
Yucatan, 154 m; 142, Flannegan P<strong>as</strong>sage<br />
(Virgin Islands), 49 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to southwestern Caribbean Sea<br />
off Colombia (Gore, 1970); West Indies to<br />
Virgin Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />
Porcellana stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1923:292, pi. 1: figs. 4-5.<br />
Type-locality: Woman Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida, Woman Key.<br />
FAMILY ALBUNEIDAE<br />
Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:248, fig. 182.<br />
Type-locality: St. Augustine, Florida.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West<br />
Indies to Sao Seb<strong>as</strong>tiao, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Albunea paretii Guenn-M6neville, 1853<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:249, fig. 182,183.<br />
Type-locality: (Uncertain), America.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, to<br />
Corpus Christi, Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />
Santa Catarina, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />
1972); West Africa from Cape Verde Islands<br />
and Senegal to Ghana (Williams, 1984).<br />
Lepidopa benedicti Schmitt, 1935<br />
Description: Efford, 1971:76, figs, la, 23, 3a,<br />
43, p, q, 5a, 63, n, 7a.<br />
Type-locality: The outer beach of Santa Rosa<br />
Island, Pensacola, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida; Gulf of Mexico; SE of<br />
Veracruz, near Mocambo, Mexico.<br />
Lepidopa websteri Benedict, 1903<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:250, fig. 184.<br />
Type-locality: Beach near Fort Macon (Carteret<br />
County), North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Around mouth of Chesapeake<br />
Bay (larvae); Drum Inlet, North Carolina, to<br />
Sapelo Island, Georgia; Tampa Bay, Florida;<br />
Ship Island and Petit Bois Island, Mississippi<br />
(Efford, 1971; Sandifer and Van Engle, 1972;<br />
Sandifer 1973; Williams, 1984).<br />
Zygopa michaelis Holthuis, 1960<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1960:22, fig. 1, 2.<br />
Type-locality: Sint Michiels Baai, south co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Netherlands Antilles; sandybottom;<br />
depth about 4 m.<br />
Distribution: From Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, in southern<br />
Caribbean, to southern Florida and e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Gulf of Mexico.<br />
FAMILY HIPPIDAE<br />
Emerita benedicti Schmitt, 1935<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:251, fig. 185.<br />
Type-locality: Tampa Bay, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Charleston County, South<br />
Carolina, to Veracruz, Mexico (Efford, 1976).<br />
Emerita portoricensis Schmitt, 1935<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935a:215, figs. 72a, b.<br />
Type-locality: Mayaguez, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: South and West Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Hondur<strong>as</strong>; Colombia; Puerto Rico; Jamaica;<br />
Trinidad (Schmitt, 1935a).<br />
Emerita talpoida (Say, 1817)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:252, fig. 186.<br />
Type-locality: (E<strong>as</strong>t) co<strong>as</strong>t of United States.<br />
Distribution: Harwich [Barnstable County],<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to Horn Island, Mississippi;<br />
Progreso, Yucatan, Mexico (Schmitt, 1935a;<br />
Efford, 1976).<br />
Hippa cubensis (Saussure, 1857)<br />
Description: Schmitt, 1935a:217.
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Florida to Brazil; West Indies;<br />
Ascension Island; Baham<strong>as</strong>; West Africa;<br />
Puerto Rico, Hucares, St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Schmitt,<br />
1935a).<br />
INFRAORDER BRACHYURA<br />
FAMILY DROMIIDAE<br />
Dromia erythropus (George Edwards, 1771)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:31, fig. 11, pi. 6:<br />
figs. 1,2, pi. 8: figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Not indicated.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />
and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off Louisiana and Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />
north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamica; Haiti; Puerto Rico;<br />
St. Thom<strong>as</strong> to Barbados; Netherlands Antilles;<br />
Pernambuco to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Dromidia antittensis Stimpson, 1858<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:255, fig. 187.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Island, Key<br />
Biscayne and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and<br />
Caribbean Sea to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;<br />
Bermuda; Saint Helena (Forest, 1974;<br />
Williams, 1984).<br />
Hypoconcha arcuata Stimpson, 1858<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:257, fig. 188.<br />
Type-locality: South Carolina sandy shores<br />
and St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Virgin Island).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to west Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />
Island; Surinam (Holthuis, 1959) to Espirito<br />
Santo, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Hypoconcha sabulosa (Herbst, 1799)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:258, fig. 189.<br />
Type-locality: Listed <strong>as</strong> "Africa" (probably an<br />
error).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico to Bahia,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Hypoconcha spinosissima Rathbun, 1933<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:258, fig. 190.<br />
Type-locality: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, 89.6 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico off Mississippi<br />
delta and Yucatan; Jamaica (Williams, 1984).<br />
Checklist 39<br />
FAMILY HOMOLODROMIIDAE<br />
Dicranodromia ovata A. Milne Edwar<strong>as</strong>, 1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:60, fig. 15, pi. 13:<br />
figs. 3-4.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, 329 m.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida;<br />
Florida Keys and Straits; off north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Cuba; northwest Caribbean Sea; Guadeloupe;<br />
Barbados (Powers, 1977).<br />
FAMILY CYMONOMIDAE<br />
Cymonomus quadratus A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:98, fig. 23, pi.<br />
30: fig. 3, pi. 31: fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: Havana to Grenada, 320-930 m.<br />
Distribution: Northwest of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Cuba; Puerto Rico; Lesser Antilles, from St.<br />
Croix to Grenada (Powers, 1977).<br />
Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi A. Milne Edwards and<br />
Bouvier, 1899<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:100, pi. 30: fig.<br />
2, pi. 31: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Sand Key, 137 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Straits; Florida Keys;<br />
Puerto Rico (Powers, 1977).<br />
FAMILY CYCLODORIPPIDAE<br />
Clythrocerus granulatus (Rathbun, 1898)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:259, fig. 191.<br />
Type-locality: Off Trinidad.<br />
Distribution: ESE Cape Lookout, and SE Cape<br />
Fear, North Carolina; Hondur<strong>as</strong>; southern<br />
Florida through Antilles to Venezuela and<br />
Trinidad (Williams, 1984).<br />
Clythrocerus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:109, figs. 26,27,<br />
pi. 33: figs. 1, 2.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Keys and Grenada.<br />
Distribution: South Carolina to west Florida;<br />
Florida Keys; Grenada; 12-479 m.<br />
Clythrocerus stimpsoni Rathbun, 1937<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:121, fig. 32, pi.<br />
34: figs. 1, 2.<br />
Type-locality: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; 183 m.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the type<br />
specimen.<br />
Tymolus antennaria (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:104, fig. 24, pi.
40 Checklist<br />
32: figs. 1, 2.<br />
Type-locality: Twenty stations, ranging from<br />
Havana to Barbados, 158 to 517 m.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; north co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Yucatan (Gulf); north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Puerto<br />
Rico; Lesser Antilles, from Dominica to<br />
Grenada (Powers, 1977). Florida (26°48'N,<br />
84°37'W, 190.5-210 m) (personal<br />
communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
FAMILY HOMOLIDAE<br />
Homola barbata (Fabricius, 1793)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:261, fig. 193.<br />
Type-locality: Bay of Naples.<br />
Distribution: Off southe<strong>as</strong>tern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts<br />
to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic Ocean<br />
from Portugal and Azores to Cape Verde<br />
Islands and Angola; South Africa;<br />
Mediterranean Sea (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY LATREILLHDAE<br />
Latreillia manningi Williams, 1982<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:262, fig. 194.<br />
Type-locality: American Shoal Light, Florida,<br />
about 10 mi. N by W, 192-201 m.<br />
Distribution: Nantucket Shoals off<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to off Havana, Cuba; Venezuela;<br />
Ascension Island; Frost (1936) reported a<br />
megalopa off Newfoundland (Williams, 1984).<br />
Florida (64 m) (personal communication, P.<br />
M. Mikkelsen).<br />
FAMILY RANINIDAE<br />
Lyreidus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:34.--<br />
Goeke, 1980:149.<br />
Type-locality: Grenada, British West Indies,<br />
uuStn. 259, 288m.<br />
Distribution: Martha's Vineyard; Gulf of<br />
Mexico; Greater Antilles; off Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida;<br />
off Surinam, NE of Paramaribo; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Venezuela, off Puerto Cabello.<br />
Ranilia constricta (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:265, fig. 196.<br />
Type-locality: Near Sombrero (Florida?), 86<br />
m. (see Rathbun, 1937).<br />
Distribution: SE of Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />
33°42'N, 76°39.5'W, 140 m; Palm Beach,<br />
Florida, to Florida Straits and Yucatan<br />
Channel; Cuba; off Barbados; Ascension<br />
Island; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from Sierra Le<strong>one</strong> and<br />
Annobon Island (Manning and Holthuis,<br />
1981).<br />
Ranilia muricata H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:266, fig. 197.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />
Straits; southern to northwestern Florida; Swan<br />
Island (Caribbean), Colombia.<br />
Raninoides loevis (Latreille, 1825)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:267, fig. 198.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: S Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, 35°03.2N,<br />
75°35.1W; around Gulf of Mexico and<br />
southern Caribbean Sea, including Leeward<br />
Islands, to Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Raninoides louisianensis Rathbun, 1933<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:12, figs. 6, 7, pi.<br />
1: figs. 5,6.<br />
Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of Mississippi delta, 122 m.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, from the<br />
Mississippi delta to Campeche Banks (Powers,<br />
1977). South of Appalachicola Bay, Florida<br />
(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Symethis variolosa (Fabricius, 1793)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:264, fig. 195.<br />
Type-locality: "In oceano Indico."<br />
Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, 34°10'N, 76° 10*W, through western<br />
Gulf of Mexico (Goeke, 1980) to Bahia,<br />
Brazil; Fernando de Noronha.<br />
FAMILY DORIPPIDAE<br />
Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana A. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:269, fig. 199.<br />
Type-localities: West Florida, 23.7 m, and<br />
West Florida, 26°16'N, 36.6 m (A. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1880).<br />
Distribution: S of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina (34°06 r N, 76°15'W) to Gulf of<br />
Mexico and West Indies; Maranhao to Bahia,<br />
Brazil; Golfo de California; Taboga Island,<br />
Panama (Williams, 1984).<br />
Ethusa microphthalma Smith, 1881<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:269, fig. 200.<br />
Type-locality: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 260.6 m, Stn. 878, Fish<br />
Hawk, 39°55'00"N, 70°54'15"W.<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Cuba and around Gulf of<br />
Mexico (Pequegnat et al., 1971).
Ethusa tenuipes Rathbun, 1897<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:270, fig. 201.<br />
Type-locality: Off Key West, 91.5m.<br />
Distribution: ESE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina (94-77 m); E<strong>as</strong>t Florida to Gulf of<br />
Mexico E of Mississippi River delta; Cuba<br />
(Chace, 1940b; Williams, 1984).<br />
Ethusa truncata A. Milne Edwards and<br />
Bouvier, 1899<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:85, pi. 28: figs. 1-2.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico (Not Antilles)<br />
217-218 m.<br />
Distribution: Off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; off<br />
Mississippi delta and Louisiana; northwest of<br />
Trinidad (Powers, 1977).<br />
FAMILY CALAPPIDAE<br />
Acanthocarpus alexandti Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:271, fig. 202.<br />
Type-locality: Off Quicksands, Florida Keys,<br />
135 m.<br />
Distribution: George Bank off M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts<br />
to west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Puerto Rico to<br />
Grenadines; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Coelho and<br />
Ramos, 1972).<br />
Acanthocarpus bispinosus A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:224, pi. 68: figs.<br />
1-3.<br />
Type-locality: Reefs of the Grenadines, 256<br />
m.<br />
Distribution: Off West and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Florida; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Grenadines, Windward<br />
Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />
Calappa angusta A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:273, fig. 203.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern and southwestern<br />
Gulf of Mexico, to Venezuela (Turkay, 1968)<br />
and Grenada (Williams, 1984).<br />
Calappa flammea (Herbst, 1794)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:273, figs. 204-205.<br />
Type-locality: America.<br />
Distribution: Woods Hole region,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Florida Keys; Gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
United States and Mexico; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Bermuda<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:214, pi. 65:<br />
Checklist 41<br />
figs. 2,3.<br />
Type-locality: "E<strong>as</strong>t Indies."<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />
and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Puerto Rico; St. Croix to Barbados; Off<br />
Campeche snapper banks (Gulf of Mexico);<br />
Panama (Caribbean) to Venezuela; Netherlands<br />
Antilles; Ceara to Bahia, Brazil; St. Helena<br />
Island (South Atlantic); off Western Africa,<br />
from Senegal to Angola; South Africa; Red<br />
Sea; Reunion and Seychelles, in Persian Gulf;<br />
off India and Maldives; Philippines; Formosa;<br />
Japan; Marshall Inlands; Samoa; Hawaiian<br />
Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />
Calappa ocellata Holthuis, 1958<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:275, figs. 206-207.<br />
Type-locality: Klein Bonaire, Dutch West<br />
Indies.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Calappa sulcata Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:276, figs. 208-209.<br />
Type-locality: Off Louisiana 29°24'30"N,<br />
88*01'00"W,64m.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico to Sergipe, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Cycloes bairdii Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:278, fig. 210.<br />
Type-locality: Cape St. Luc<strong>as</strong>, Mexico.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; ESE Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina, to Esprrito Santo, Brazil, in<br />
west Atlantic; tip of Baja California to Ecuador<br />
and Galapagos Islands, including Clarion,<br />
Socorro and Cocos Islands, in e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Hepatus epheliticus (Linnaeus, 1763)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:279, fig. 211.<br />
Type-locality: Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Chesapeake Bay to western Bay<br />
of Campeche, Mexico (Rickner, 1977); Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Domimican Republic (Williams,<br />
1984)<br />
Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:280, figs. 212, 213.<br />
Type-locality: Martinique.<br />
Distribution: Georgia to State of Sao Paulo,<br />
Brazil, (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).
42 Checklist<br />
Osachila antillensis Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:251, pi. 77: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Off Havana, 209m.<br />
Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; St. Croix,<br />
Virgin Islands; Montserrat; Dominica;<br />
Barbados; Grenada (Powers, 1977). Florida<br />
(personal communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />
Osachila semilevis Rathbun, 1916<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:281, fig. 214.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, 48 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
northwest Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
Osachila tuberosa Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:282, fig. 215.<br />
Type-locality: Five stations among the south<br />
Florida reefs.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to northwest Florida and Yucatan<br />
Channel (Pequegnat 1970; Springer and Bullis,<br />
1956).<br />
FAMILY LEUCOSIJDAE<br />
Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:289, fig. 224.<br />
Type-locality: Three stations off Florida keys,<br />
29-69 m.<br />
Distribution: S of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina (Williams et al., 1968), through SE<br />
Gulf of Mexico to Panama and southe<strong>as</strong>tward<br />
to Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />
Ebalia cariosa (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:284, fig. 216.<br />
Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to west<br />
Florida; western Gulf of Mexico (Rickner,<br />
1977); Jamaica; northe<strong>as</strong>tern South America to<br />
Sao Paulo, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Ebalia stimpsonii A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:284, fig. 217.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, 13.72 to 91.45 m.<br />
Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; west Florida to Barbados; off mouth<br />
of Amazon River, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Iliacantha intermedia Miers, 1886<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:290, fig. 225.<br />
Type-locality: Bahia, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
NW Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />
Venezuela; Ceara and Bahia, Brazil (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Iliacantha liodactylus Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:186, text-fig. 41,<br />
pi. 55: figs. 1-2.<br />
Type-locality: North of Trinidad, West Indies.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; ?Haiti;<br />
Puerto Rico; St. John, Virgin Islands; Trinidad;<br />
Algo<strong>as</strong> to Bahia, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Iliacantha sparsa Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:190, pi. 56: figs.<br />
1-2.<br />
Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 55 m.<br />
Distribution: Northwest of the Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
off north and southe<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>ts of Puerto Rico;<br />
Barbados; Maranhao to Bahia, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Iliacantha subglobosa Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:290, fig. 226.<br />
Type-locality: Three stations in Florida reefs,<br />
73-146 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to northwest Florida; through e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea south to<br />
Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Lithadia cadaverosa Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:137, pi. 38: figs.<br />
3-6,<br />
Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 64 m, and off<br />
Conch Reef, Florida, 72 IIL<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida and northe<strong>as</strong>t portion of Gulf of<br />
Mexico (Powers, 1977).<br />
Lithadia granulosa A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:140, fig. 36.<br />
Type-locality: Off St. Croix Island, 210 m.<br />
Distribution: Known from type specimen and<br />
southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />
A. McLaughlin).<br />
Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:287, fig. 222.<br />
Type-locality: Tennessee Reef, Florida Keys.<br />
Distribution: South of Martha's Vineyard,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />
Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />
Persephona crinitaRathbun, 1931<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:163, pi. 43: figs.<br />
2, 3, pi. 44: figs. 1^3.<br />
Type-locality: Horn Island P<strong>as</strong>s, Mississippi,<br />
5 m.<br />
Distribution: Northwest Florida to Tex<strong>as</strong>;
Trinidad; Ilha Sao Seb<strong>as</strong>tiao, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Persephona medUerranea (Herbst, 1794)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:288, fig. 223.<br />
Type-locality: Err<strong>one</strong>ously, Mediterranean<br />
Sea.<br />
Distribution: New Jersey through Gulf of<br />
Mexico and Caribbean Sea to Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Speloeophorus elevatus Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:145, pi. 39: figs.<br />
7-9.<br />
Type-locality: Off Key West.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; Jamaica; off Cape<br />
St. Roque and from Maranhao to Alago<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Speloeophorus nodosus (Bell, 1855)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:285, figs. 218-219.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Florida; West Indies (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Speloeophorus pontifer (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:286, figs. 220-221.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout and<br />
off Beaufort, North Carolina, to west Florida;<br />
West Indies to Barbados (Williams, 1984).<br />
Uhli<strong>as</strong> limbatus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1937:150, pi. 36: figs.<br />
3-5.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: West of Key West, Florida; north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Haiti; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />
FAMILY MAJIDAE<br />
Acanthonyx petiverii H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:142, fig. 52, pi.<br />
44, pi. 222: figs. 1-6.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t and<br />
northwest Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Netherlands<br />
Antilles; Panama (Caribbean) to Rio de Janeiro,<br />
Brazil. Along the Pacific co<strong>as</strong>t, from Baja<br />
California to Caldera, Chile; Galapagos Islands<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman, 1873)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:29, text-fig. 7, pi.<br />
10.<br />
Checklist 43<br />
Type-locality: Deep water between the Faroes<br />
and Scotland.<br />
Distribution: Western Atlantic from Nantucket<br />
Shoals to Grenada. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from<br />
Faroe Islands to Cape Verde; Mediterranean,<br />
Gough Island (South Atlantic); Agulh<strong>as</strong> Bank,<br />
near cape of Good Hope. Indian Ocean. West<br />
and South Pacific Ocean. South Australia<br />
(Rathbun, 1925).<br />
Aepinus septemspinosus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1879)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:292, fig. 227,241c.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Strait, 24°55'N,<br />
83°25 W, 67.7 m.<br />
Distribution: S Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />
34°10*N, 76°10'W; SW Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida, and Bahama Banks to Bahia, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Anosimus latus Rathbun, 1894<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:293, fig. 228,24In.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, e<strong>as</strong>t of delta of<br />
Missippi River, 29°14'30" N, 88°09'30"W,<br />
124.4 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico (Felder,<br />
1973) to Amapa, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />
1972).<br />
Anomalothir furcillatus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:294, fig. 229,241a.<br />
Type-locality: Off "The Samboes" (southern<br />
Florida), 225 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />
West Indies to Grenada (Williams, 1984).<br />
Arachnopsis filipes Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:295, fig. 230, 24Id.<br />
Type-locality: Off Conch, Carysfort and<br />
French reefs, Florida.<br />
Distribution: SE Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout,<br />
North Carolina; Gulf of Mexico off NW<br />
Florida; through West Indies to off Rio Grande<br />
do Norte, Brazil.<br />
Batrachonotus fragosus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:296,297, fig.<br />
231,241e.<br />
Type-locality: South of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, (Florida),<br />
24
44 Checklist<br />
Chorinus heros (Herbst, 1790)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:305, fig. 101, pi.<br />
107, pi. 246: figs. 3- 5; 1933:20, fig. 21.<br />
Type-locality: "Der Ocean."<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Keys and Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t or Yucatan,<br />
Mexico; Jamaica; Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; St.<br />
Croix; Barbados; Ceara to Bahia, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Coelocerus spinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:315, figs. 251,<br />
259i.<br />
Type-locality: Off Florida, 34.75 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />
to near Cape Canaveral, Florida; W Florida to<br />
E of Mississippi River delta (Williams, 1984).<br />
Collodes leptocheles Rathbun, 1894<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:117, fig. 42, pi.<br />
38: figs. 5-6.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, 124-309 m.<br />
Distribution: All quadrants of Gulf of Mexico<br />
except southe<strong>as</strong>t, off co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida,<br />
Alabama, and Tex<strong>as</strong>; off Vera Cruz, Mexico<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Collodes nudus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:110.<br />
Type-locality: Off Carysfort Reef, 73 m.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the male<br />
holotype off Carysfort Reef, Florida,<br />
25°13'40"N, 80°10*45"W; 73 m; sand.<br />
Collodes obesus A. Milne Edwards, 1878<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:109, pi. 36: figs.<br />
3,4, pi. 217: figs. 2-5.<br />
Type-locality: Near Sombrero, Florida Strait,<br />
99 m.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Collodes robustus Smith, 1883<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:114, text-fig. 36-<br />
41, pi. 29.-Williams, 1984:297, fig. 241g.<br />
Type-locality: Twenty-<strong>one</strong> stations between<br />
off Martha's Vineyard to off Chesapeake Bay,<br />
1-2 to 285 m.<br />
Distribution: North of Cape Cod, 42° 12N,<br />
70°13'W, to southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina (Williams, 1984). Florida (27°37'N,<br />
83°58'W, 73 m) [personal communication, D.<br />
K. Camp).<br />
Collodes trispinosus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:297, fig. 232,<br />
241f.<br />
Type-locality: Off the Quicksands, Carysfort<br />
Reef, and French Reef (Florida), 62.1 to 91 m.<br />
Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, Norm<br />
Carolina, to south and west Florida near<br />
Apalachicola (Williams, 1984).<br />
Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1834<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:148, figs. 53a,<br />
54, pi..45: figs. 3,4.<br />
Type-locality: Chile.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Key West,<br />
Florida; Puerto Rico; Panama (Caribbean) to<br />
Colombia; Ceara to Pernambuco, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Epialtus dilatatus A. Milne Edwards, 1878<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:313, figs. 249,<br />
259d.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort Inlet and New<br />
River, North Carolina; southwest Florida;<br />
Yucatan; Baham<strong>as</strong> to St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Epialtus dilatatus forma elongata Rathbun,<br />
1923<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:154, fig. 53k, pi.<br />
48.<br />
Type-locality: Off Duck Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; south, west, and<br />
northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida.<br />
Epialtus kingsleyi Rathbun, 1923<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:152, pi. 45: fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida.<br />
Epialtus longirosttis Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:151, figs. 53g, 56.<br />
Type-locality: Ensenada Honda, Culebra<br />
Island.<br />
Distribution: Key West and west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida; Cuba; Jamaica; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />
Islands; northe<strong>as</strong>t Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Euprognatha gracilipes A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1878<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:101, pi. 34: figs.<br />
3,4.<br />
Type-locality: 23°32 r N, SSWW, 174 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; north co<strong>as</strong>t of
Yucatan; off north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Puerto Rico;<br />
St. Croix, Virgin Islands; Barbados; Amapa to<br />
Sao Paulo, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Euprognatha r<strong>as</strong>tellifera Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:298, figs. 233,<br />
241b.<br />
Type-locality: Southwest of Martha's<br />
Vineyard, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 40 o 00 r N, 70°57'W,<br />
155 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Georges Bank (40°35'N,<br />
67°37*W) to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Coelho and<br />
Ramos, 1972).<br />
Remus cristulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1875<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:325, fig. 261.<br />
Type-locality: Near Contoy (Yucatan), at the<br />
entrance to the Gulf of Mexico, 21.9 to 32.9 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina and South Carolina; northwest of Gulf<br />
of Mexico and Yucatan, through West Indies to<br />
Pernambuco, Brazil (Powers, 1977; Herbst et<br />
al., 1979).<br />
Inachoides forceps A. Milne Edwards, 1879<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:299, figs. 234,<br />
240i.<br />
Type-locality: Guiana and Desterro, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to Desterro<br />
(= Florianopolis), Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Leptopisa setirostris (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:375, pi. 134:<br />
figs. 1-3; pi. 253: fig. 2,<br />
Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />
Distribution: From Miami to northern Brazil;<br />
Puerto Rico, Vieques, Culebra, St. Thom<strong>as</strong><br />
(Rathbun, 1933).<br />
Libinia dubia H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:316, figs. 252,<br />
259g.<br />
Type-locality: "Cotes des Etats-Unis."<br />
Distribution: Cape Cod, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />
southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; Baham<strong>as</strong> and Cuba (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:318, figs. 253,<br />
259h.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Windsor, Nova Scotia, to<br />
western Gulf of Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />
Checklist 45<br />
Libinia erinacea (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:321, pi. 10).<br />
Type-locality: 24°44'N, 83°26'W, between<br />
Florida and Cuba, 69 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; southe<strong>as</strong>t to<br />
northwest Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:326, figs. 262,<br />
275m.<br />
Type-locality: Near Key West (Florida), 3.7 to<br />
9.2 m.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort Harbor, North Carolina,<br />
around southern Florida to Alligator Harbor,<br />
Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
Macrocoeloma diplacanthum (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:478, pi. 169: fig.<br />
1, pi. 269: fig. 1-3.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Key West, Florida; Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />
Guadeloupe; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Netherlands Antilles;<br />
Old Providence Island (Caribbean) (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Macrocoeloma eutheca (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:327, figs. 263,<br />
275k.<br />
Type-locality: Off French Reef (Florida), 27.4<br />
m., and west of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 67.7 m.<br />
Distribution: SE of Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; off NW Florida through Bahama<br />
Banks and West Indies; Panama (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Macrocoeloma laevigatum (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:483, fig. 136, pi.<br />
169: figs. 2,3.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Cuba; Jamaica; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />
Guadeloupe; Piaui to Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Macrocoeloma septemspinosum (Stimpson,<br />
1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:477, pi. 173, figs.<br />
2-3.<br />
Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 65 m.<br />
Distribution: South Carolina; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />
Keys; northe<strong>as</strong>t quadrant of Gulf; Ceara to Rio<br />
Grande do Norte, Brazil (Powers, 1977).
46 Checklist<br />
Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson,<br />
1860)<br />
Inscription: Rathbun, 1925:480, pi. 172.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Haiti; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />
Guadeloupe; Barbados; Old Providence Island<br />
(Caribbean); Rio Grande do Norte,<br />
Pernambuco; Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum<br />
(Latreille, 1825)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:466, fig. 132, pi.<br />
166: fig. l,pl. 167.<br />
Type-locality: "Nouvelle Hollande" (an error).<br />
Distribution: North Carolina; Bermuda; south<br />
Florida to northwest Florida; off Louisiana and<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>; Gulf and Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts of Yucatan,<br />
Mexico; Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong> to St. Lucia; Curacao, Netherlands<br />
Antilles; Piaui to Bahia, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum nodipes<br />
(Desbonne, 1867)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:328, figs. 264,<br />
2751.<br />
Type-locality: "Nouvelle Holland" (?) (error).<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
Alligator Harbor, Florida; Yucatan; through<br />
West Indies to Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum, Variety<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:468, pi. 168: fig.<br />
1.<br />
Type-locality: N<strong>one</strong> designated.<br />
Distribution: From North Carolina to Gulf of<br />
Mexico, including Florida; Yucatan; West<br />
Indies and Caribbean Sea (Rathbun, 1925).<br />
Metoporhaphis calcarata (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:300, figs. 235,<br />
240h.<br />
Type-locality: Bay of Charleston, South<br />
Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and<br />
Caribbean Sea to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Microphrys antillensisRathbun, 1920<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:329, figs. 265,<br />
275h.<br />
Type-locality: Off Montego Bay Point,<br />
Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: Near Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />
Lookout, North Carolina, to Cape Fear, North<br />
Carolina; Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />
Pernambuco, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille^ 1825)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:330, figs. 266,<br />
275g.<br />
Type-locality: "Nouvelle Hollande".<br />
Distribution: Near Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico (Ray, 1974) to<br />
Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Bermuda<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Mithraxacuticornisf Stimpson, 1870<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:332, figs. 267,<br />
275a.<br />
Type-locality: Off the Quicksands (Florida),<br />
62.6 m; west of the Tortug<strong>as</strong>; 67.7 m and 76.8<br />
m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; west Florida and Yucatan Channel<br />
through West Indies to Espirito Santo, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Mithrax caribbaeus Rathbun, 1900<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:409, plates 148,<br />
149.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: West Indies to South America,<br />
Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, St Croix. Airport<br />
Lagoon, Key West, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 29-33 m<br />
(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Mithrax cinctimanus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:438^)1. 158.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong> and St, Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> and Honda Keys to<br />
West Indies and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Rathbun, 1925).<br />
Mithrax cornutus Saussure, 1857<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:386, pi. 137:<br />
figs. 3-4, pi. 256.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Straits; north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; between Jamaica and Haiti;<br />
Dominica; Martinique; off Bahia, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Mithrax coryphe (Herbst, 1801)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:426, pi. 153.<br />
Type-locality: Not Known.<br />
Distribution: Miami to southern Brazil; Puerto<br />
Rico, Culebra, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, St. Croix<br />
(Rathbun, 1933).
Mithrax forceps (A. Milne Edwards, 1875)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:337, figs. 272,<br />
275f.<br />
Type-locality: Guiana.<br />
Distribution: From Gape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulr of Mexico to Rio de<br />
Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Mithrax hemphilttRafhbun, 1892<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:395, pi. 139, pi.<br />
259: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Indian Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys to Rio de Janeiro,<br />
Brazil; Culebra (Rathbun, 1933).<br />
Mithrax hispidus (Herbst, 1790)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:333, figs. 268,<br />
275d.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Delaware Bay (Say, 1818), off<br />
Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, and<br />
Georgia (Gibbes, 1850). Northwestern Gulf<br />
of Mexico; Baham<strong>as</strong> and Florida Keys through<br />
West Indies to Sao Paulo, Brazil; Bermuda<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Mithrax holderi Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:392, pi. 138:<br />
figs. 1,2, pi. 257: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 13 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />
Mithrax pilosus Rathbun, 1892<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:394, pi. 138: fig.<br />
3, pi. 258.<br />
Type-locality: Abaco, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Vera Cruz, Mexico; Cuba; Puerto<br />
Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />
Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama; Venezuela<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Mithrax pleuracanthus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:334, figs. 269,<br />
275e.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, 3.6-9.1 m, Tortug<strong>as</strong><br />
(Florida), 9.1-11 m; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
Pensacola, Florida, western Gulf of Mexico to<br />
Yucatan Channel off Cape Catoche, Mexico;<br />
West Indies to Venezuela; Bermuda (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Checklist 47<br />
Mithrax ruber (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:432, pi. 15 7 .<br />
Type-locality: Cruz del Padre, Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Cuba to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao and Barbados;<br />
Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Water Island<br />
(Rathbun, 1933)<br />
Mithrax sculptus (Lamarck, 1818)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:422, figs. 125,<br />
126, pi. 152.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: From Miami to Brazil; Puerto<br />
Rico; Vieques; Culebra; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Water<br />
Island.<br />
Mithrax spinosissimus (Lamarck, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:335, figs. 270,<br />
275b.<br />
Type-locality: "Ile-de-France," Locality<br />
err<strong>one</strong>ous.<br />
Distribution: North (?) and South Carolina to<br />
Nicaragua, and through West Indies to<br />
Barbados and Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />
Mithrax tortugae Rathbun, 1920<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:417, pi. 147, fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />
Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:336, figs. 271,<br />
275c.<br />
Type-locality: Robert Bay, Martinique.<br />
Distribution: Charleston, South Carolina;<br />
Campeche Banks; through West Indies to<br />
Fernando Noronha Island, Brazil (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Mocosoa crehripunctata Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:159, fig. 59, pi.<br />
49: figs. 3-4.<br />
Type-locality: Off French Reef, Florida, 27 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Straits; off Cape San<br />
Bi<strong>as</strong>, northwest Florida; Maranhao to Espirito<br />
Santo, Brazil.<br />
Nibilia antilocapra (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:320, figs. 254,<br />
259f.<br />
Type-locality: Florida, off Carysfort Reef, 95<br />
and 109.7 m; and off Alligator Reef, 251.8 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico just e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Missippi River delta and Gulf of Campeche;
48 Checklist<br />
Windward Islands, West Indies, off Guyana<br />
(Williams, 1084).<br />
Oplopisa spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1879<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:228, pi. 232:<br />
figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Straits of Florida, 185 m.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Pelia mutica (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
description: Williams, 1984:321, figs. 255,<br />
259a.<br />
Type-locality: Charleston Harbor, off White<br />
Point Battery, South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Buzzards Bay and Vineyard<br />
Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to off Port Mansfield,<br />
Willacy County, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Felder, 1973); Cuba,<br />
Puerto Rico, and St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, West Indies<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Picroceroides tubularis Miers, 1886<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:354, fig. 115, pi.<br />
126, pi. 254: figs. 2-5.<br />
Type-locality: Fernando Noronha and Bahia,<br />
in shallow water.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida;<br />
north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; between<br />
Jamaica and Haiti: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />
Maranhao to Espirito Santo, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Pitho aculeata(Gibbes> 1850)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:357, fig. 116c, pi.<br />
127, pi. 251: fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, and "Florida".<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe; Old Province<br />
Island (Caribbean); Netherlands Antilles<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Pitho anisodon (Von Martens, 1872)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:368, figs. 116b,<br />
117d, 118, pi. 131, pi. 251: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; south, west and<br />
northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Florida Keys; north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />
Guadeloupe; Curagao, Netherlands Antilles<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Pitho Iherminieri (Schramm, 1867)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:311, figs. 246,<br />
259a.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort Inlet, North<br />
Carolina, to west Florida; Veracruz, Mexico;<br />
West Indies to Islet of Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Pitho laevigata (A. Milne Edwards, 1875)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:372, pi. 132:<br />
figs. 3-4, pi. 133: fig. 3, pi. 250: figs. 11-13.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: West and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Florida; Antilles, location unspecified;<br />
Colombia; Trinidad (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pitho mimbilis (Herbst, 1794)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:366, figs. 116d,<br />
117c, pi. 128: fig. 3; pi. 129: fig. 3; pi. 253:<br />
figs. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> and Florida Keys;<br />
Guadeloupe; Puerto Rico (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pitho quadridentata (Miers, 1879)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:369, pi. 132: fig.<br />
2, pi. 133: fig. 2; pi. 250: fig. 10.<br />
Type-locality: West Indies.<br />
Distribution: Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Content<br />
Keys, Monroe County, Florida, 5-6 m<br />
(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Podochela curvirostris (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1879)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:58, pis. 19, 210.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, 180 m, and near<br />
Havana, 229 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Straits; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Cuba; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; Montserrat;<br />
Barbados; Grenadines (Powers, 1977).<br />
Podochela gracilipes Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:301, fig. 236,<br />
241j.<br />
Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, off Pacific<br />
and Carysfort Reefs (Florida), 66 to 110 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and<br />
Caribbean Sea to Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Podochela lamelligera (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:52, pi. 20: figs.<br />
1-2.<br />
Type-locality: Off Tennessee Reef, Florida<br />
Keys, 38m.
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida; off Key West,<br />
Florida; off northwest Florida (Powers, 1977).<br />
Podochela macrodera Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:44, fig. 11, pi.<br />
16.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong> and Key Biscayne,<br />
Florida.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; off Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Yucatan; Cuba; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />
Guadalupe; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Netherlands Antilles;<br />
Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:302, figs. 237,<br />
241k.<br />
Type-locality: Island of St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (West<br />
Indies).<br />
Distribution: North Carolina to Campeche,<br />
Mexico; through West Indies to Trinidad; Rio<br />
de Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Podochela sidneyi Rathbun, 1924<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:302, figs. 238,<br />
2411.<br />
Type-locality: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, 90 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to Veracruz (Ray, 1974);<br />
northwestern Cuba; Yucatan Channel<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Pyromaia arachna Rathbun, 1924<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:131, pis. 42-43.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, SW of Cape<br />
San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida; 309 m.<br />
Distribution: Off South Carolina; off west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico,<br />
throughout the Gulf of Mexico.<br />
Pyromaia cuspidata Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:303, figs. 239,<br />
241m.<br />
Type-locality: Off Sand Key, 150 m; Alligator<br />
Reef, 170 m; the Samboes, 170 and 221 m;<br />
southwest of Sand Key, 229 m (Florida).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to west Florida; Cuba and Yucatan<br />
Channel to off Nicaragua 14°31'N, 80 o 41W<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:322, figs. 256,<br />
260a.<br />
Checklist 49<br />
Type-locality: Between Cuba and Flonda,<br />
24°15'N,82 0 13 , W.<br />
Distribution: Nantucket Shoals,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Gulf of Mexico off southern<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>; northern Cuba; west of Cabo de la Vela,<br />
Colombia; off French Guiana (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Rochinia hystrix (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:214, pis. 70,71.<br />
Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Florida,<br />
24 0 16*N,81°42'W,252m.<br />
Distribution: Off Key West (Rathbun, 1925);<br />
off Cuba (Chace, 1940b); Gulf of Mexico.<br />
Rochinia tanneri (Smith, 1883)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:323, figs. 257,<br />
260b.<br />
Type-locality: Off Delaware Bay.<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Straits of Florida (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Rochinia umhonata (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:323, figs. 258,<br />
260c.<br />
Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern and northern<br />
Gulf of Mexico to northe<strong>as</strong>t of Nicaragua;<br />
through West Indies to St. Vincent (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Sphenocarcinus corrosus A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1875<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:314, figs. 250,<br />
259c.<br />
Type-locality: Off Barbados, 180 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; Gulf of Mexico (Goeke and Shaw,<br />
1980) to Barbados (Williams, 1984).<br />
Stenocionops furcata coelata (A. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1878)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:338, figs. 273,<br />
275i.<br />
Type-locality: Ten mi. from Jolbos Islands<br />
(Yucatan), and near Havana (Cuba), 320 m.<br />
Distribution: Shelly reefs off Beaufort, North<br />
Carolina, to northwest Florida and Alabama;<br />
Yucatan Channel; West Indies to Barbados,<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Stenocionops furcata furcata (Olivier, 1791)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:449, text-fig. 131,
50 Checklist<br />
pis. 160, 161.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Georgia; Florida (location<br />
unspecified); ?Gulf of Mexico; Jamaica; Puerto<br />
Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands; Dominica;<br />
Barbados; French Guiana; Paraiba to Rio de<br />
Janeiro, Brazil; South Africa (Powers, 1977).<br />
Siertbcidnops' spittimana (Rathbun, 1892)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:339, figs. 274,<br />
275j.<br />
Type-locality: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, 227m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to Florida Straits and Gulf of Mexico<br />
off Mobile Bay, Alabama, and e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Chahdeleur Island, off Mississippi (Franks et<br />
al., 1972; Williams, 1984).<br />
Stenocioftops spinosissima (Saussure, 1857)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:445, pi. 165: fig.<br />
2, pi. 264: figs. 374, pi. 265.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina; south and<br />
southwest Florida; off Tex<strong>as</strong> and e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Mexico; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Haiti;<br />
Quadeloupe; Dominica; Rio de Janeiro and<br />
Fernando de Noronha, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
StenorhyrtchUs setteOrnis (Herbst, 1788)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:304, fig. 240,<br />
241o.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe (Holthuis 1959).<br />
Distribution: North Carolina to Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera (Monod, 1939)<br />
Description: Monod, 1939:561, figs. 6-9.--<br />
Williamsetal., 1977:887.<br />
Type-locality: B<strong>as</strong>se-Terre, Guadeloupe, 15-<br />
20 m.<br />
Distribution: southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong> to<br />
southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Guadeloupe (Williams et al.,<br />
1977).<br />
Thoe puella Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:348,figs. Ill,<br />
112, pi. 125: figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Guadeloupe; Curacao (Powers, 1977).<br />
Tyche emarginata White, 1847<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:312, figs. 247-<br />
248,259b.<br />
Type-locality: West Indies.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort Inlet, North<br />
Carolina; through Baham<strong>as</strong> to west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY PARTHENOPIDAE<br />
Cryptopodia concava Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:346, figs. 281,<br />
286a.<br />
Type-locality: Off Conch Reef (Florida), 62.2 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina; central e<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Cape San<br />
Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida, to St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Ceara to Bahia,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Heterocrypta granulata (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:347, figs. 282,<br />
286b.<br />
Type-locality: Near Kiawah Island, Sullivans<br />
Island, and White Point Shoal, Charleston<br />
Harbor, South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Nantucket Sound,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, around peninsular Florida to<br />
southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />
Trinidad; Ceara to Bahia, Brazil (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Leiolambrus nitidus Rathbun, 1901<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:545, pi. 199; pi.<br />
281: fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Mayaguez Harbor, Puerto Rico,<br />
22-33 m.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, from off<br />
Alabama to south Tex<strong>as</strong>; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />
French Guiana (Powers, 1977).<br />
Mesorhoea sexspinosa Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:348, figs. 283,<br />
286c.<br />
Type-locality: Four mi. southwest of<br />
Loggerhead Key, Florida, 20 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina; off northe<strong>as</strong>t Florida, to<br />
Flanagan P<strong>as</strong>sage, Virgin Islands (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Parthenope agona (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:342, figs. 276,<br />
280a.<br />
Type-locality: Off the Marques<strong>as</strong>, Carysfort<br />
Reef, and Conch Reef, 73 and 89.6 m<br />
(southern Florida).<br />
Distribution: Off Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout,<br />
North Carolina, and central e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida;
Gulf of Mexico and Pensacola, Florida, to near<br />
Ft Myers; through Florida Straits, West Indies<br />
and Caribbean Sea to Surinam (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Parthenope fraterculus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:343, figs. 277,<br />
280b.<br />
Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Caryfort and<br />
Conch Reefs, west of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 47.6-124.4 m<br />
(southern Florida).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Fear, North Carolina;<br />
central e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida southward; Gulf of<br />
Mexico, off Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida, to Florida<br />
Straits; off Cape Catoche, Yucatan, Mexico;<br />
through West Indies to Mouth of Amazon<br />
River (Williams, 1984).<br />
Parthenope granulata (Kingsley, 1879)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:344, figs. 278,<br />
280c.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off the three North Carolina<br />
Capes southward around Florida to Louisiana;<br />
Bermuda; Bahia Honda, Cuba(?); St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Virgin Islands (Gore, 1977).<br />
Parthenope pourtalesii (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:345, figs. 279,<br />
280d.<br />
Type-locality: Off Conch Reef, French Reef,<br />
and American Shoal (southern Florida) 73-214<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; New Jersey southward; Gulf of<br />
Mexico through West Indies to Grenada.<br />
Parthenope serrata (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)<br />
Description: Gore and Scotto, 1979:57, figs.<br />
24 e-h, 25 B, 26.<br />
Type-locality: "U Ocean Indien" by original<br />
designation; err<strong>one</strong>ous locality for the West<br />
Indies. Veracruz, Mexico by selection of male<br />
lectotype (Gore, 1977).<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Ft. Pierce, Florida,<br />
around the Gulf of Mexico; Central America;<br />
Cuba; Lesser Antilles; islands off the northern<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of South America, southward to Bahia,<br />
Brazil (Gore and Scotto, 1979).<br />
Solenolamhrus decemspinosus Rathbun, 1894<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:540, pi. 194: figs.<br />
1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Off Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida,<br />
28*44*N, 85°16W, 110 m.<br />
Checklist 51<br />
Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />
off San Juan, Puerto Rico.<br />
Solenolamhrus typkus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:349, figs. 285,<br />
286e.<br />
Type-locality: Off the Samboes and off<br />
Alligator Reef (southern Florida), 146.3 to<br />
201.2 m.<br />
Distribution: SE Cape Lookout; western Gulf<br />
of Mexico off Corpus Christi, Tex<strong>as</strong>, and N of<br />
Yucatan; Swan Island and Nicaragua Shelf;<br />
southern Florida through West Indies to<br />
Surinam and Brazil (Gore and Scotto, 1979).<br />
Solenolamhrus tenellus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:348, figs. 284,<br />
286d.<br />
Type-locality: Off Carysfort, Conch, and<br />
French Reefs, 64-89.6 m (southern Florida).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina; central e<strong>as</strong>t Florida southward; Gulf<br />
of Mexico, near Cape St. George, Florida, to<br />
Florida Keys; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Barbados (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Tutankhamen cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1925:530, pi. 277:<br />
figs. 3-5.<br />
Type-locality: St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Pourtales Plateau, Florida Straits;<br />
St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles.<br />
FAMILY ATELECYCLIDAE<br />
Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:168, pi. 73.-<br />
Pequegnat, 1970:184, figs. 6-4, 6- 5.<br />
Type-locality: Off St. Lucia, 276 m.<br />
Distribution: Off northwest Florida and<br />
Mississippi; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; Bay of<br />
Campeche; off St. Lucia (Powers, 1977).<br />
FAMILY CANCRIDAE<br />
Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:351, fig. 287.<br />
Type-locality: Nova Scotia to Cape Cod.<br />
Distribution: Nova Scotia to south of<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Verrill (1908) judged that a<br />
Bermuda record w<strong>as</strong> probably mislabelled<br />
(Williams, 1984).
52 Checklist<br />
Cancer irroratus Say, 1817<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:353, fig. 288.<br />
Type-locality: "Inhabits the ocean" (Atlantic<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of the United States).<br />
Distribution: Labrador to off Miami, Florida<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY GERYONIDAE<br />
Geryon fenneri Manning and Holthuis, 1984<br />
Description: Manning and Holthuis, 1984:666,<br />
figs. 1, 2a, b, 3a-c, 4a, b.<br />
Type-locality: Off Fernandina, Florida,<br />
Albatross Stn. 2669.<br />
Distribution: Around co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida.<br />
FAMILY PORTUNIPAE<br />
Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:362, fig. 292.<br />
Type-locality: Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />
to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:28, pis. 9,10.--<br />
Manning and Holthuis, 1981:80.<br />
Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Key West, and<br />
American Shoal, all in me Florida Straits, 183-<br />
275m.<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Gulf Stream in Florida<br />
Straits.<br />
Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti Rathbun, 1931<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1931:125, pis. 1, 2.--<br />
Pequegnat, 1970:187, fig. 6-6.<br />
Type-locality: South of Loggerhead Key,<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida, 329 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; deep waters<br />
off Mississippi to Tex<strong>as</strong>; off southern Gulf<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; recently found off New<br />
England (Powers, 1977).<br />
Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:365, figs. 293f,<br />
294.<br />
Type-locality: Mullins River, 20 mi. south of<br />
Belize, (British) Hondur<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Jamaica and Belize to Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil; Florida, Mississippi, North<br />
Carolina, United States of America (Williams,<br />
1974; Perschbacher and Schwartz, 1979;<br />
Williams and Williams, 1981).<br />
Callinectes danae Smith, 1809<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:367, figs. 293d,<br />
295.<br />
Type-locality: Recife [==Pernambuco, Estado<br />
de Pernambuco], Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; New Hanover County,<br />
North Carolina, near Cape Fear, rare<br />
(Perschbacher and Schwartz, 1979); southern<br />
Florida and e<strong>as</strong>tern side of Yucatan Peninsula<br />
to Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil.<br />
Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus (Gerstaecker, 1856)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:369, figs. 293e,<br />
296.<br />
Type-locality: Puerto Cabello, Venezuela.<br />
Distribution: Duval County, e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Jacksonville, Florida (rarely) to Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil; Veracruz, Mexico; Bermuda; also<br />
reported from extreme southern Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Callinectes larvatus Ordway, 1863<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:371, figs. 293a,<br />
297.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida; Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Bahama Islands; Haiti.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />
through Caribbean Sea to south central Brazil<br />
off Sao Paulo; Bermuda. North Carolina<br />
records rare (Williams, 1974; Perschbacher and<br />
Schwartz, 1979). Florida (intertidal) (personal<br />
communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:373, figs. 293c,<br />
298.<br />
Type-locality: Charleston, South Carolina;<br />
Gonaives, Haiti; Cumana, Venezuela; Tortug<strong>as</strong><br />
and Baham<strong>as</strong> also listed in original description.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Virginia, North and<br />
South Carolina through southern Florida;<br />
northwestern Yucatan to Estado de Sao Paulo,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:376, figs. 293g,<br />
299.<br />
Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of United States.<br />
Distribution: Occ<strong>as</strong>ionally Nova Scotia,<br />
Maine, and northern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />
northern Argentina, Bermuda, and the Antilles;<br />
Resund, Denmark; the Netherlands and<br />
adjacent North Sea; northwest and southwest<br />
France; Golfo di Genova; northern Adriatic;<br />
Aegean, western Black, and e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Mediterranean Sea; Lake Hamana-ko, central<br />
Japan (Williams, 1984).
Callinectes similis Williams, 1966<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:383, figs. 293b,<br />
300.<br />
Type-locality: Off beach between St. Johns<br />
River jetties and Jacksonville Beach, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Delaware Bay to Key West,<br />
Florida; northwestern Florida around Gulf of<br />
Mexico to off Campeche, Yucatan; also Isla de<br />
Providencia, Colombia; reported from northern<br />
Jamaica (Norse, 1978; Williams, 1984).<br />
Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:385, fig. 301.<br />
Type-locality: Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Vicinity of Little Egg Inlet, New<br />
Jersey (Milstein et. al., 1977); Rehoboth Bay,<br />
Delaware; Virginia (rare, Van Engel and<br />
Sandifer, 1972); South Carolina to Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil; Baja California to Peru;<br />
Clipperton, Galapagos Island; West Africa<br />
from Mauritania to Angola; Cape Verde,<br />
Principe, Sao Tome and Annobon Islands<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Cronius tumidulus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:142, pi. 64.<br />
Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 68 m and off<br />
Conch Reef, 73 m.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />
and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north<br />
and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto<br />
Rico; Virgin Islands; Netherlands Antilles; Old<br />
Province Island (Caribbean); Ceara to Bahia,<br />
Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Ovalipes floridanus Hay and Shore, 1918<br />
Description: Turkay, 1971:139, fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: Pensacola, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Southwest Florida to south<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:361, fig. 291.<br />
Type-locality: South of Beaufort Inlet, North<br />
Carolina, WIVR, 76°42*W, 35 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Accomack County, Virginia,<br />
37°31'N, to near Biscayne Bay, Florida.<br />
Portunus anceps (Saussure, 1858)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:387, fig. 302.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina<br />
(Park, 1978), to Bahia, Brazil; Bermuda<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Checklist 53<br />
Portunus binoculus Holthuis, 1969<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1969:409, fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Straits of Florida.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Straits; north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; e<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan, in Caribbean<br />
Sea; off Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts of Panama and<br />
Colombia (Powers, 1977).<br />
Portunus depressifrons (Stimpson, 1859)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:387, fig. 303.<br />
Type-locality: South Carolina and Florida<br />
Keys.<br />
Distribution: Fort Macon, North Carolina<br />
(Coues, 1871; Kingsley, 1878-79), through<br />
northwest Florida to Bay of Campeche and<br />
Caribbean Sea; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Portunus floridanus Rathbun, 1930<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:388, fig. 304.<br />
Type-locality: Off Key West, Florida,<br />
24°25'45"N, 81°48'00"W.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to Hondur<strong>as</strong> and Nicaragua, through<br />
West Indies and northern South America to<br />
Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />
Portunus gibbesii (Stimpson, 1859)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:389, fig. 305.<br />
Type-locality: South Carolina and St.<br />
Augustine, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Southern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts through<br />
Gulf of Mexico along co<strong>as</strong>t to French Guiana,<br />
but reported absent from the Antilles (Park,<br />
1978; Williams, 1984).<br />
Portunus ordwayi (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:390, fig. 306.<br />
Type-locality: Key Biscayne and Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Virgin Islands).<br />
Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts;<br />
North Carolina through Gulf of Mexico, West<br />
Indies and Caribbean Sea to near Rio de<br />
Janeiro, Brazil (Park, 1978); Bermuda;<br />
Fernando de Noronha (Williams, 1984).<br />
Portunus sayi (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:391, fig. 307.<br />
Type-locality: South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: North Atlantic Ocean from Nova<br />
Scotia through Gulf of Mexico to the Guian<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Bermuda; mid-Atlantic Ocean; Canary Islands<br />
and Morocco. The only record from Brazil is<br />
that of Gerstaecker for his Lupea pudica<br />
(=sayi), and modern collections have not<br />
confirmed this (Williams, 1984).
54 Checklist<br />
Pmtunus sebae (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:79, plates 34,35.<br />
Type-locality: Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Keys and<br />
Straits; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; south co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />
Islands; Dominica; Netherlands Antilles<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:392, fig. 308.<br />
Type-locality: Straits of Florida south of Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 24°23'N, 82°57*W to 24°24'N,<br />
82°56 , W, (Holthuis, 1969, restricted).<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t southe<strong>as</strong>t Oregon Inlet,<br />
Norm Carolina, 35°42'00 n N, 74°54 , 30"W<br />
(Musick and McEachren, 1972) to Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:393, fig. 309.<br />
Type-locality: American waters, common in<br />
Brazil.<br />
Distribution: New Jersey through Gulf of<br />
Mexico and West Indies to Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Portunus ventndis (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:43, pi. 13: figs.<br />
1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Georgia to e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; ?Tex<strong>as</strong>; north and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Virgin Islands; Barbados; Rio Grande do Norte<br />
to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Portunus vocans(A. Milne Edwards, 1878)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:10, figs. 8,9, pi.<br />
25.<br />
Type-locality: Cape Verde Islands.<br />
Distribution: Norm co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; between<br />
Jamaica and Haiti; Ascension Island, in the<br />
south Atlantic Ocean (Powers, 1977). Florida<br />
(personal communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />
FAMILY GONEPLACIDAE<br />
C hacellus filiformis Guinot, 1969<br />
Description: Guinot, 1969:722, figs. 135-136,<br />
pi. 5: fig. 4.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico,<br />
Distribution: Between Baham<strong>as</strong> and e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Florida; off northwest Florida (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus (Dana, 1852)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:52, fig. 22, pi.<br />
12: fig. 3, pi. 159: figs. l-2.«Guinot,<br />
1969:258, figs. 6,10,25.<br />
Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; south and west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; Yucatan; Jamaica; Bahia to<br />
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Euphrosynoplax clausa Guinot, 1969<br />
Description: Guinot, 1969:720, figs. 127,<br />
139, pi. 4: fig. 3.~Pequegnat, 1970:194.<br />
Type-locality: Florida, Tortug<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off Alabama and<br />
Mississippi; Campeche, Yucatan, (91 to 210<br />
m) (Powers, 1977).<br />
Euryplax nitida Stimpson, 1859<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:432, fig. 343.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />
Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
Heald Bank, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West Indies to St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong>; Bermuda; specimen from "Bresil,<br />
Dertero" [sic] (=Florianopolis?) figured by<br />
Guinot, 1969b (Williams, 1984).<br />
FrevUlea barbataA. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:26, pi. 4: figs. 1,<br />
3,pl. 5.--Guinot, 1969:513, pi. 2: fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: 23°13*N; 89°16 , W, 154 m.<br />
Stn. 36, Blake.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Yucatan<br />
(Gulf); north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; off Grenada, (55<br />
to 168 m) (Powers, 1977).<br />
FrevUlea hirsuta (Borradaile, 1916)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:432, fig. 344.<br />
Type-locality: Off Rio de Janeiro, 72 m.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina to Rio de Janeiro,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Glyptoplax smithii A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:434, fig. 346.<br />
Type-locality: Reefs west of Florida, 23.8 m.<br />
Distribution: From Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico and Yucatan<br />
Channel (Williams, 1984).<br />
G<strong>one</strong>plax sigsbei (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:433, fig. 345.<br />
Type-locality: Grenada.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />
33°56'N, 76°26'W, to 33°55.3' N, 76°28.8'W,<br />
130-120 m, E<strong>as</strong>tward Stn. 3213; Grenada,
1l°27N, 62°11W, and 1 l o 25'00 n N,<br />
62°04'15"W (WilHams et al., 1968).<br />
Nanoplax xanthiformis (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1881)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:436, fig. 348.<br />
Type-locality: Off Grenada, 168.3 m.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina;<br />
through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />
Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Neopilumnoplax americana (Rathbun, 1898)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:21, figs. 5-6.--<br />
Guinot, 1969:689, figs. 83-84.<br />
Type-locality: Off Georgia, 792 m.<br />
Distribution: Off North Carolina and Georgia;<br />
Florida Keys and Straits; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />
Guadeloupe; Espirito Santo, Brazil; Arabian<br />
Sea (Powers, 1977).<br />
Panoplax depressa Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:435, fig. 347.<br />
Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t and Middle Keys,<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, (Florida), 9.1 to 12.8 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina; off Jacksonville and Cape San<br />
Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida, through West Indies to Barbados<br />
(WilHams, 1984).<br />
Pilumnoplax elata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Guinot, 1969:688.<br />
Type-locality: West Florida, 23.4 m.<br />
Distribution: Only from the type-locality.<br />
Pseudorhomhila quadridentata (Latreille,<br />
1828)<br />
Description: Hernandez, 1982:1, figs, le, Id,<br />
2c, 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown (Guinot, 1969).<br />
Distribution: Specimens are known from<br />
southern Florida (Tortug<strong>as</strong> and northwest of<br />
New Grounds Shoal Light) Louisiana (west<br />
Delta le<strong>as</strong>e area) and south of Lobos Islands,<br />
Mexico; Puerto Rico (North of Arecibo).<br />
Sotoplax robertsi Guinot, 1984<br />
Description: Guinot, 1984:92, figs. 1-3.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, middle shelf<br />
region off Apalachicola Bay, lat. 28°30' long.<br />
84°58', Tursiops, cruise T-7109, Stn. 4, 54 m.<br />
Distribution: Only from the type locality.<br />
Speocarcinus lobatus Guinot, 1969<br />
Description: Guinot, 1969:710, figs. 124-125,<br />
Checklist 55<br />
pi. 4: fig. 2.~Felder 1973:70, pi. 10, fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: Sabine P<strong>as</strong>s, Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off Louisiana and<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />
Thal<strong>as</strong>saplax angusta Guinot, 1969<br />
Description: Guinot, 1969:717; figs. 131-132,<br />
pi. 4: fig. 2.--Pequegnat, 1970:192.<br />
Type-locality: Southwest of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida, Albatross, Stn. 2402.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; off<br />
northwest Florida, Alabama and Mississippi;<br />
off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; off Campeche,<br />
Yucatan (Powers, 1977).<br />
Trapezioplax tridentata (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: Guinot, 1969:713, figs. 128-129,<br />
142.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, 13.5-90 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Barbados (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
FAMILY XANTHIDAE<br />
Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:261, pi. 105: fig.<br />
5,pi. 106: fig. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Haiti; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe; St.<br />
Bartholomew; Fernando de Noronha, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:255, fig. 41, pi.<br />
104: figs. 3-6.<br />
Type-locality: Colon, Panama.<br />
Distribution: Key West, Florida; Puerto Rico;<br />
Virgin Islands; St. Bartholomew; Barbados;<br />
Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Colon, Panama (Powers, 1977).<br />
Allactaea lithostrota Williams, 1974<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:397, figs. 311,<br />
331a.<br />
Type-locality: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, 33°43'N, 76°40.2'W, 90 m to<br />
33°42.7'N, 76°40.2*W, 110m, E<strong>as</strong>tward Stn.<br />
1087.<br />
Distribution: Near edge of continental shelf<br />
southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North Carolina;<br />
Florida Straits; off Cape Catoche, Yucatan; off<br />
Venezuela and Surinam; Bermuda (Markham<br />
andMcDermott, 1981; Williams, 1984).
56 Ghfecfeiist<br />
Banareia palmeri (Rathbun, 1894)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:260, pi. 106, fig.<br />
3-6.<br />
Type-locality: Rodriguez Creek, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />
Florida Keys; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Haiti;<br />
Virgin Islands; Curagao (Powers, 1977).<br />
Carpilius coriatltnus (Hefbst, 1783)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:240, pis. 97-99.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; West Flower<br />
Garden Bank, off Tex<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />
Guadeloupe; Dominica; Curagao; Old<br />
Providence Island (Caribbean); Pernambuco<br />
and Ceara, Brazil (Powers, 1977). Monroe,<br />
County, Florida, lobster trap (personal<br />
communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Carpoporus papulosus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:399, figs. 313,<br />
331c.<br />
Type-locality: Southwest of Tortug<strong>as</strong> and off<br />
Carysfort Reef, (Florida).<br />
Distribution: Between Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />
Lookout, North Carolina; Gulf of Mexico off<br />
Mobile Bay southe<strong>as</strong>tward; Cape Catoche,<br />
Yucatan (Williams, 1984).<br />
Odtdleptodius floridanus(Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:297, pi. 137:<br />
figs. 1, 2, pi. 138: fig. 1-Guinot, 1968:706,<br />
figs. 20, 23,29.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />
and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />
north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />
Virgin Islands; Antigua; Barbados; Curagao;<br />
Panama to Colombia (Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts;<br />
Abolhos Islands to Sao Paulo, Brazil)<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Chlorodiella longimana (H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1834)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:462, pi. 186.<br />
Type-locality: Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Florida to Curagao and Barbados;<br />
West Africa. Puerto Rico, Culebra, St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong>, St. Croix (Rathbun, 1933).<br />
Domecia dcanthophora acanthophora<br />
(Desbonne and Schramm, 1867)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:417, figs. 330,<br />
33 lq.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Cape Lookout Shoals,<br />
North Carolina, NW Gulf of Mexico through<br />
West Indies and Caribbean Sea to Alago<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984). Florida (5-6 m)<br />
(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:419, figs. 332,<br />
333a-c.<br />
Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina to iPatagonia;<br />
Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Etisus maculatus (Stimpson, I860)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:295, pi. 136.-<br />
Guinot, 1969:234.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t oT Cuba; Puerto Rico;<br />
Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />
Eurypanopeus abbreviatus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:407, figs. 322,<br />
33 li.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, British West Indies.<br />
Distribution: South Carolina, through West<br />
Indies and Gulf of Mexico to Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Eurypanopeus depressus(Smith, 1869)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:408, figs. 323,<br />
33 lj.<br />
Type-locality: New Haven, Connecticut.<br />
Distribution: M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts Bay through<br />
Florida to southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; Dutch West Indies;<br />
Uruguay; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Eurypditopeus dissimilis (Benedict and<br />
Rathbun, 1891)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:411, fig. 66, pi.<br />
173: figs. 1-2.<br />
Type-locality: Trinidad.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Cuba; Jamaica; Nicaragua; Trinidad; Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Eurypanopeus turgidus (Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:364, pi. 166.<br />
Type-locality: Chahdeleur Islands, Louisiana.<br />
Distribution: Northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />
Eurytium limosum (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:416, figs. 329,
33 lp.<br />
Type-locality: "Inhabits shores of the Northern<br />
States".<br />
Distribution: South Carolina to Louisiana<br />
through West Indies and Caribbean Sea to Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Glyptoxanthus erosus (Stimpson, 1859)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:398, figs. 312,<br />
331b.<br />
Type-locality: Florida.<br />
Distribution: Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />
southward; off Grand Isle, Louisiana,<br />
southe<strong>as</strong>tward; Yucatan; through West Indies<br />
to Guadeloupe (Williams, 1984).<br />
Heteractaea ceratopus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:530, pi. 212:<br />
figs. 5-8, pi. 213.«Guinot, 1968:721, figs.<br />
50,56.<br />
Type-locality: Key Biscayne, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida<br />
Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />
Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Trinidad; Barbados (Powers, 1977).<br />
Hexapanopeus angustifrons (Benedict and<br />
Rathbun, 1891)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:415, figs. 327,<br />
33 In.<br />
Type-locality: Long Island Sound.<br />
Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />
to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Jamaica<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Hexapanopeus caribbaeus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:399, pi. 171:<br />
figs. 3-5.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: West Indies to state of Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil; Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
(Rathbun, 1933). Florida (intertidal to 10 m)<br />
(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />
Hexapanopeus hemphillii (Benedict and<br />
Rathbun, 1891)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:400, pi 171:<br />
figs. 1,2,6.<br />
Type-locality: Indian Key, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Florida and West Indies; Puerto<br />
Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Rathbun, 1933).<br />
Hexapanopeus lobipes (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:329, fig. 50, pi.<br />
155: figs. 3-5.~Menzies, 1948:23.<br />
Checklist 57<br />
Type-locality: South of Florida, 24°43'N,<br />
83°25W, 68 m.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; off Key West, in<br />
Florida Straits; northwest of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong><br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Hexapanopeus paulensis Rathbun, 1930<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:416, figs. 328,<br />
331o.<br />
Type-locality: Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: South Carolina, through Gulf of<br />
Mexico to Uruguay (Milstein, et al., 1976).<br />
Hexapanopeus quinquedentatus Rathbun,<br />
1901<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:402, fig. 62.<br />
Type-locality: Mayaguez, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Northwest Florida; Puerto Rico.<br />
Leptodius parvulus (Fabricius, 1793)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:305, pi. 141: figs.<br />
1-3; 1933:58, fig. 50.<br />
Type-locality: Islands of South America.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />
Keys; Jamaica; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Barbados;<br />
Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Fernando de Noronha, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Lobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:429, figs. 340g,<br />
341.<br />
Type-locality: Typical form: E<strong>as</strong>t and Middle<br />
Keys, Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina; e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />
Mexico; Yucatan; Cuba; Venezuela and<br />
Trinidad; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />
Melybia thalamita Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:430, fig. 342.<br />
Type-locality: Off French Reef, 27.4 m, and<br />
west of Tortug<strong>as</strong> (southern Florida) 64-76.8 m.<br />
Distribution: About 30 mi. south southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Cape Lookout, North Carolina (34°1 l'N,<br />
76°09W); southwest of Mississippi River<br />
delta, through West Indies to Bahia, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:420, figs. 333d,<br />
e,334.<br />
Type-locality: "The Southern States".<br />
Distribution: Cape Lookout, Norm Carolina,<br />
to Yucatan, Mexico; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Jamaica<br />
(Williams, 1984).
5$ Checklist<br />
Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:479, pi. 198: fig.<br />
3; pi. 199.<br />
Type-locality: Indian River, Florida.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; ?Louisiana;<br />
north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Virgin Islands; Trinidad; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Panama and Colombia; Paraiba to Sao<br />
Francisco do Sul, Brazil; Gabon, West Africa<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Micropanope barbadensis (Rathbun, 1921)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:446, fig. 72.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Barbados.<br />
Micropanope lobifrons A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:429, pi. 178:<br />
figs. 4-6.<br />
Type-locality: Off Montserrat, 161 m.<br />
Distribution: South Florida, in Gulf Stream;<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off northwest Florida; off north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />
Santa Cruz Island (Caribbean); Grenada;<br />
Barbados; Colon, Panama (Powers, 1977).<br />
Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:404, figs. 318,<br />
331g.<br />
Type-locality: Bahama Banks.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />
Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Micropanope pusilla A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:431, pi. 179: figs.<br />
7,8.<br />
Type-locality: Off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, 31m.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest of Key<br />
West; west and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida;<br />
Alabama; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto<br />
Rico; Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />
Micropanope sculptipes Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:405, fig. 319.<br />
Type-locality: Seven hauls in Florida Keys,<br />
27.4 to 124m.<br />
Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West Indies<br />
to Barbados.<br />
Micropanope spinipes A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:443, fig. 71, pi.<br />
181: figs. 1,2.- Pequegnat and Ray,<br />
1974:238, figs. 18-22.<br />
Type-locality: Abrolhos Islands, Brazil, 55 m.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />
Keys; West Flower Garden Bank, off Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Curacao; Alago<strong>as</strong> and off the Abrolhos Islands,<br />
Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Micropanope urinator (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1881)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:405, fig. 320.<br />
Type-locality: Near Santa Cruz (St. Croix),<br />
West Indies, 448 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout,<br />
North Carolina; Florida Keys to St. Croix,<br />
West Indies (Williams, 1984).<br />
Neopanope packardii (Kingsley, 1879)<br />
Description: Abele, 1972b:269, figs. IB, 3A.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t and south Florida;<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; west<br />
and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; Louisiana;<br />
north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba (Powers, 1977).<br />
Neopanope sayi (Smith, 1869)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:409, figs. 324,<br />
331k.<br />
Type-locality: New Haven, Connecticut, and<br />
Cape Cod, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts.<br />
Distribution: Miscou Harbor, mouth of<br />
Chaleur Bay, New Brunswick, Prince Edward<br />
Island, and Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia,<br />
Canada (Bousfield 1956, Bousfield and<br />
Laubitz, 1972), to Florida Keys (Abele,<br />
1972b).<br />
Neopanope texana (Stimpson, 1859)<br />
Description: Abele, I972b:266, figs. 1A, 2A,<br />
2E, 3B, 3C.~Felder, 1973:68, pi. 9: fig. 19.<br />
Type-locality: St. Joseph's Island, Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida (south <strong>as</strong><br />
far <strong>as</strong> Charlotte County) to south Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:357, pi. 164:<br />
figs. 3,4,6.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe; Trinidad;<br />
Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia; Rio Parahyba do<br />
Norte to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).
Panopeus hermudensis Benedict and<br />
Rathbun, 1891<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:360, fig. 56, pi.<br />
165.<br />
Type-locality: Bermuda.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida; TTex<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />
Trinidad; Old Providence Island (Caribbean);<br />
Colombia to Santa Catarina, Brazil. In the<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern pacific, from Magdalena Bay, Mexico<br />
to Peru (Powers, 1977).<br />
Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:355, pi. 164:<br />
figs. 1,2,5.<br />
Type-locality: Abrolhos Reefs, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys to State to Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil, Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong><br />
(Rathbun, 1933).<br />
Panopeus herbstti H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />
Description: Williams, 1983:866, fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: "Inhabits oyster beds, & found<br />
on oysters (
60 Checklist<br />
Paraliomera longimana (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1865)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:243, pi. 101:<br />
figs. 1-3.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Veracruz, Mexico; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />
Barbados; Curacao (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pilumnoides nudifrons (Stimpson, 1871)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:538, pi. 218: figs.<br />
1-2.<br />
Type-locality:. Off Sombrero Key, 203-229 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Straits and Keys;<br />
Barbados.<br />
Pilumnus caribaeus Desbonne and Schramm,<br />
1$67<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:491, pi. 200:<br />
figs. 3, 4.<br />
Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Vieques<br />
and Culebra; Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe;<br />
Curacao; Bahia to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Pilumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus Kingsley, 1879<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:425, figs. 335,<br />
340a.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean<br />
Sea and West Indies to Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Pilumnus floridanus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:426, figs. 336,<br />
340b.<br />
Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, (Florida).<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico, and Yucatan<br />
Channel, to Hondur<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />
Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pilumnus gemmatus Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:513, pi. 207: figs.<br />
1-3.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong> and Tortug<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Culebra; Virgin<br />
Islands; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pilumnus holosericus Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:519, fig. 81, pi.<br />
207: figs. 8, 9.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; thy Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Puerto<br />
Rico; Virgin Islands; Trinidad; Ciiraeao<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Pilumnuslacteus; Stimpson, 1871<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:426, figs. 337,<br />
340c.<br />
Type-locality: Cruz del Padre, Cuba, and Key<br />
West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Near Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />
to Florida; Cuba (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pilumnus longleyi Rathbun, 1930<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:502, pi. 202:<br />
figs. 4-5.<br />
Type-locality: South end of Loggerhead Key,<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pilumnus marshi Rathbun, 1901<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:499, fig. 80.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, 37-55 m.<br />
Distribution: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />
St. Croix.<br />
Pilumnus nudimanus Rathbun, 1900<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:523, fig. 82.<br />
Type-locality: Arroyo, Puerto Rico.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-locality.<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida, 29-33 m (personal<br />
communication, D. K. Camp).<br />
Pilumnus pannosus Rathbun, 1896<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:427, figs. 338,<br />
340d.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Bogue Sound off Beaufort,<br />
North Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West<br />
Indies to Virgin Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pilumnus sayi Rathbun, 1897<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:428, figs. 339,<br />
340e.<br />
Type-locality: Georgia and e<strong>as</strong>t Florida.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina through Gulf of<br />
Mexico and West Indies to Curacao (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Pilumnus spinosissimus Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:494, fig. 79, pi.<br />
200: figs. 7-8.<br />
Type-locality: Off Key West, 10 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>.
Platyactaea setigera (H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1834)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:251, pi. 103.--<br />
Guinot, 1967:561, fig. 36.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />
and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Antigua;<br />
Barbados; Trinidad; Curagao; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Colombia (Powers, 1977).<br />
Platypodiella spectabttis (Herbst, 1794)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:247, fig. 39, pi.<br />
102: fig. 4.-Guinot, 1967:562.-Felder,<br />
1973:65, pi. 9: fig. 10.<br />
Type-locality: Unknown.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />
Keys; Tex<strong>as</strong>; Veracruz, Mexico, Jamaica;<br />
Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe;<br />
Martinique; Barbados; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Fernando de<br />
Noronha, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:400, figs. 314,<br />
33 Id.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Reefs, 21.9-32.9 m.<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />
southern Tex<strong>as</strong> (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pseudomedaeus distinctus (Rathbun, 1898)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:400, figs. 315,<br />
33 le.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, northwest Dry<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 25°33'N, 84°21'W, 184.7 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, 34°57*N, 75°19 r W, through Straits<br />
of Florida to northwest of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Puerto<br />
Rico; Barbados (Williams, 1984).<br />
Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:401, figs. 316,<br />
317,331f.<br />
Type-locality: Cambridge Marshes and Charles<br />
River, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts.<br />
Distribution: The original range of this species<br />
is presumed to be in fresh to estuarine waters<br />
from the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence,<br />
Canada, to Veracruz, Mexico. The species h<strong>as</strong><br />
been introduced on the west co<strong>as</strong>t of the United<br />
States and in parts of Europe (Williams, 1984).<br />
Tetraxanthus hidentatus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />
1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1930:459, pi. 185 (As<br />
Checklist 61<br />
T. rugosus).--Chace, 1939:52.<br />
Type-locality: Grenada, 168 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; north and south<br />
co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Grenada (Powers, 1977).<br />
Tetraxanthus rathbunae Chace, 1939<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:406, fig. 321.<br />
Type-locality: Old Bahama Channel due north<br />
Punta Caldera, Camaguey Province, Cuba,<br />
22°44 , N, 78°41'W, 274-329 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Coelho and<br />
Ramos, 1972), including Gulf of Mexico<br />
(Pequegnat, 1970; Williams, 1984).<br />
Xantho denticulata White, 1847<br />
Description: Monod, 1956:280, figs. 335-339.-<br />
Forest and Guinot, 1961:60, fig. 51.<br />
Type-locality: West Indies.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />
and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest Florida; Jamica;<br />
Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Antigua;<br />
Barbados; Colon, Panama; Curagao; Trinidad;<br />
Pernambuco to Abrolhos Islands, Brazil, Gulf<br />
of Guinea, west co<strong>as</strong>t of Africa (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
FAMILY GECARCINIDAE<br />
Cardisoma guanhumiLatreillG, 1825<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:341, fig. 155,<br />
plates 106, 107.-Felder, 1973:79, pi. 12:<br />
figs. 1,4.<br />
Type-locality: Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Florida; Florida Keys; Louisiana and south<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>tern Mexico to Colombia; north and<br />
south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to Barbados; Trinidad;<br />
Netherlands Antilles; Colombia to Sao Paulo,<br />
Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Gecarcinus lateralis (Freminville, 1835)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:355, fig. 161, pis.<br />
119-120.-Turkay, 1973:974, fig. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Martinique, Guadeloupe, Marie<br />
Galante, Desirde and lies do Saintes.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Florida; Florida Keys; south Tex<strong>as</strong> to north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />
Netherlands Antilles; Hondur<strong>as</strong> to Costa Rica;<br />
Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia to Surinam<br />
(Powers, 1977).
62 Checklist<br />
Gecarcinus ruricola (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:352, text-fig. 160,<br />
pis. 117-118.--Chace,andHobbs, 1969:200,<br />
figs. 66,67 h-j.<br />
Type-locality: America.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida;<br />
north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Cayman<br />
Islands; Jamaica; Nav<strong>as</strong>sa Island (Caribbean);<br />
Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; St. Croix to<br />
Barbados; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Old Providence and Swan<br />
Islands (Caribbean) (Powers, 1977).<br />
FAMILY GRAPSIDAE<br />
Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:323, pi. 96.--<br />
Chace and Hobbs, 1969:172, figs. 54, 58a.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t to southwest<br />
Florida; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; New<br />
Province Island (Atlantic); Jamica; Puerto Rico;<br />
Virgin Islands to Guadeloupe; Netherlands<br />
Antilles; Belize; Rio Parahyba do Norte to Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil; in e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific, Nicaragua to<br />
Peru (Powers, 1977).<br />
Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1837<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:326, pi. 97: figs.<br />
1, 2.-Chace and Hobbs, 1969:173, figs. 55,<br />
58b-d.<br />
Type-locality: Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; south<br />
Florida; Florida Keys; Tex<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; St. Croix; Dominica;<br />
Isl<strong>as</strong> Los Roques and Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Colombia; Ceara to Pernambuco, Brazil;<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from Senegal to Zaire<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Euchirograpsus americanus A. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:461, fig. 370.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, 126.2 m, Blake Stn.<br />
278.<br />
Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina,<br />
Florida through West Indies, and Colombia to<br />
Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />
Euchirograpsus antillensis Turkay, 1975<br />
Description: Turkay, 1975:112, figs 4-5,16a,<br />
10,25.<br />
Type-locality: Cuba, Havana, Playa Baracoa,<br />
23 G 0430 M N, 82 o 34 , 00"W, 414 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Havana, Cuba; Arrowsmith<br />
Banks, between Cuba and Yucatan; south of<br />
Florida Keys; Baham<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />
Geograpsus lividus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:232, pi. 55.--<br />
Chace and Hobbs, 1969:157, figs. 48,52a-c.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Keys, north<br />
and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto<br />
Rico; Virgin Islands to Barbados; Netherlands<br />
Antilles to Trinidad; Old Providence Island<br />
(Caribbean); Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia to<br />
Sao Paulo, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from<br />
Senegal to Angola; Cape Verde Islands; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Pacific, from southern part of Baja Cakfornia<br />
to northern Chile; Clipperton Island; Galapagos<br />
Islands; Hawaiian Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />
Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:237, fig. 136, pi.<br />
57.~Chace and Hobbs, 1969:160, figs. 49,<br />
52d-f.<br />
Type-locality: Islands of South America,<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; northwest<br />
Florida (rare); Tampico, Mexico; north and<br />
south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola;<br />
Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />
Netherlands Antilles; Belize; Old Providence<br />
Islands (Caribbean); Surinam to Rio de<br />
Janeiro, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from Senegal<br />
to northern Angola (Powers, 1977).<br />
Grapsus grapsus (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:227, fig. 135, pis.<br />
53,54.~Chaee and Hobbs 1969:163^ figs. 50,<br />
52g-i.<br />
Type-locality: America and Ascension Island.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
and south Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>; north and south<br />
co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />
Hispafiiola; Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />
Netherlands Antilles to Trinidad; Old<br />
Providence Island and Swan Island<br />
(Caribbean); Colombia to northern Brazil;<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, and from Portugal to Angola;<br />
Cape Verde Islands and Azores; St. Helena<br />
Island; Ascension Island; e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific from<br />
central Baja California to central Chile;<br />
Galapagos Islands; Clipperton Island (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:249, pi. 60: fig.<br />
3, pi. 61: fig. l.-Chace and Hobbs,<br />
1969:167, figs. 51,52j.
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; south<br />
Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />
Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Columbia; Pernambuco to<br />
Bahia, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from Senegal to<br />
Zaire (Powers, 1977)<br />
Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:459, fig. 368.<br />
Type-locality: Key West, (Florida).<br />
Distribution: Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />
to Montevideo, Uruguay; Bermuda;<br />
Mediterranean Sea to northern Angola; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Pacific from California to Peru, Galapagos<br />
Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />
Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984*462, fig. 371.<br />
Type-locality: Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Fort Macon, North Carolina;<br />
southern Florida and Baham<strong>as</strong> to Brazil;<br />
Bermuda; Azores to Angola; Cape San Luc<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Baja California, to Chile; Galapagos Islands<br />
(Williams, 1984).<br />
Plagusia depressa (Fabricius, 1775)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:463, fig. 372.<br />
Type-locality: "In mari mediterraneo"<br />
(err<strong>one</strong>ous).<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />
through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />
Pernambuco, Brazil; Bermuda; Azores;<br />
Madeira; Morocco to northern Angola; St.<br />
Helena Island (Chace 1966; Williams, 1984).<br />
Planes minutus (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />
Description: Chace, 1951:67, figs, la, 2a, d,<br />
g,j,k,l, 3a-h.<br />
Type-locality: "Habitat in Palgi Fuco natante,<br />
supra aquam saepius cursitans".<br />
Distribution: From off e<strong>as</strong>tern North America<br />
(south of Newfoundland) through the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of America, Florida to Baham<strong>as</strong>; West<br />
Indies.<br />
Platychirograpsus spectabilis DeMan, 1896<br />
Description: Monod, 1956:426, figs. 584-588.<br />
Type-locality: Gabon.<br />
Distribution: Gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; west co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of Florida (Powers, 1977); Gabon.<br />
Sesarma benedicti Rathbun, 1897<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:316, pi. 93.--<br />
Abele, 1973:379, figs. 1A, 1G.<br />
Checklist 63<br />
Type-locality: Surinam.<br />
Distribution: Key West, Florida; Guyai i and<br />
Surinam; Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Sesarma cinereum (Bosc, 1802)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:465, fig. 373.<br />
Type-locality: "La Caroline."<br />
Distribution: Magothy River, Chesapeake Bay,<br />
Maryland, to Palm Beach, e<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Collier<br />
County, west Florida, to Veracruz Mexico<br />
(Abele, 1973). Older records from the West<br />
Indies and elsewhere are err<strong>one</strong>ous (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Sesarma curacaoense De Man, 1892<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:293, fig. 147, pi.<br />
78: figs. 1, 2, pi. 160: fig. 3.--Abele,<br />
1973:380, figs. 1C, IF.<br />
Type-locality: Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />
Distribution: Key West, Florida; south and<br />
southwest Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Bahia, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Sesarma miersii Rathbun, 1897<br />
Description: Abele, 1972a: 166, figs. IB, 1C,<br />
2B, 2C; 1973:380, fig. II.<br />
Type-locality: Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Key West, Florida;<br />
south co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Swan Island (Caribbean);<br />
Dominica (Powers, 1977).<br />
Sesarma reticulatum (Say, 1817)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:466, fig. 374.<br />
Type-locality: Muddy salt marshes (e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of United States).<br />
Distribution: Woods Hole, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />
Volusia County, e<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Sar<strong>as</strong>ota, west<br />
Florida, to Calhoun County, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Abele,<br />
1973).<br />
Sesarma ricordi H. Milne Edwards, 1853<br />
Description: Chace andHobbs, 1969:183, fig.<br />
62k.-Abele, 1973:378, fig. 1 J.<br />
Type-locality: Haiti.<br />
Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Florida; Florida Keys; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />
north co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; Cuba; Jamica;<br />
Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands to<br />
Trinidad; Curacao; Old Providence Island<br />
(Caribbean); Yucatan to Surinam (Powers,<br />
1977).
64 Checklist<br />
FAMILY PINNOTHERIDAE<br />
Dissodactylus borradailei Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:121, fig. 68, pi.<br />
27: figs. 5-8.<br />
Type-locality: Miami, Florida; 55 m.<br />
Distribution: Off southe<strong>as</strong>t and southwest<br />
co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; Jamaica (Powers, 1977).<br />
Dissodactylus crinitkhelis Moreira, 1901<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:438, fig. 350.<br />
Type-locality: Estado de Rio Grande do Sul,<br />
Brazil.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina off northwest Florida;<br />
Caribbean Sea and South America to Rio de la<br />
Plata, Argentina (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />
Dissodactylus mellitae (Rathbun, 1900)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:439, fig. 351.<br />
type-locality: Pensacola, Florida, on Mellita<br />
quinquiesperforata.<br />
Distribution: Western part of Vineyard Sound,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Charleston, South Carolina;<br />
Hutchinson Island, e<strong>as</strong>t Florida (Camp et al.,<br />
1977); western Florida; off Galveston, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Rogers 1968; Williams, 1984).<br />
Dissodactylus primitivus Bouvier, 1917<br />
Description: Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1923:346, fig. 8, pi. 8: figs. 3,4, pi. 9: fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Dissodactylus rugatus Bouvier, 1917<br />
Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />
1923:238, fig. 9, pi. 8: figs. 5,6, pi. 9: figs. 2.<br />
Type-locality: Dominique.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Dominica.<br />
Dissodactylus stebbingi Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:123, fig. 69, pi.<br />
28: figs. 1, 2.<br />
Type-locality: Sar<strong>as</strong>ota Bay, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Virginia; west and northwest<br />
co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida (Powers, 1977).<br />
Fabia byssomiae (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:105, fig. 56, pi.<br />
24: figs. 6, 8.<br />
Type-locality: Inhabits the Byssomia distorta<br />
(southern Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of United States).<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; northwest<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba (Powers, 1977).<br />
Fabia tellinae Cobb, 1973<br />
Description: Cobb, 1973:70, figs. 1-2.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off NW Florida,<br />
30°13*N 85 0 53'W, 12.2 m.<br />
Distribution: Off northwest Florida to<br />
Alabama.<br />
©rthotheres strombi (Rathbun, 1905)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:90, fig. 45, pi.<br />
20: figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Clearwater Harbor, Florida.<br />
Distribution: West and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Florida (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pampinnixa bouview Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:447, fig. 357.<br />
Type-locality: Off Cape Gatocfte, Yucatan<br />
(Mexico), 22°08 , 30 n N, Se^^'W, 45.7 m,<br />
Albatross Stn. 2362.<br />
Distribution: Off Charleston, South Carolina;<br />
south of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Puerto Rico; and<br />
the type-locality (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pampinnixa hendersoni Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:448, fig. 358.<br />
Type-locality: Los Arroyos, Cuba.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Cape Lookout, North<br />
Carolina, 34°29 , N, 76°13'W, 33 m; 34°34'N,<br />
75°50'W, 64 m); off Tampa Bay, Florida,<br />
through West Indies to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Maranhao to<br />
Bahia, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />
PinnaxodesflomdensisWdls and Wells, 1961<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:449, fig. 359.<br />
Type-locality: Outer beach near Fort Walton<br />
Beach, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Off North Carolina to Georgia:<br />
northwest Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pinnixa chaceiW<strong>as</strong>s, 1955<br />
Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955:160, figs. 5-9.<br />
Type-locality: Gulf Beach, Alligator Point,<br />
Franklin County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Northwest Florida; Louisiana and<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />
Pinnixa chaetopterana Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:451, fig. 360.<br />
Type-locality: Charleston Harbor, South<br />
Carolina, on muddy or clayey shores in tubes<br />
of Chaetopterus variopedatus.<br />
Distribution: Wellfleet, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Rio<br />
Grande do Sul, Brazil (Williams, 1984).
Pinnixa cristata Rathbun, 1900<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:453, fig. 361.<br />
Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />
Edisto Island, South Carolina; Grande Isle,<br />
Louisiana, to Long Lake, Blackjack Peninsula,<br />
Arans<strong>as</strong> Couty, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Hedgpeth, 1950;<br />
Williams, 1984).<br />
Pinnixa cylindrica (Say, 1818)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:453, fig. 362.<br />
Type-locality: Jekyll Island, Georgia.<br />
Distribution: North Falmouth, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />
to Pensacola, Florida (Cooley 1978), including<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pinnixa floridana Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:454, fig. 363.<br />
Type-locality: Marco, Florida, also Sar<strong>as</strong>ota<br />
Bay.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t off Cape Lookout,<br />
North Carolina; Hutchinson Island, e<strong>as</strong>t central<br />
Florida (Camp et al., 1977); west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pinnixa leptosynaptae W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968<br />
Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968:137, figs. 1-6.<br />
Type-locality: Bald Point at the entrance to<br />
Ochlock<strong>one</strong>e Bay, Franklin County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Pinnixa lunzi Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937<br />
Description: Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937:3, figs. 1-8.--<br />
Williams, 1984:455, figs. 364- 365.<br />
Type-locality: Isle of Palms (about 15 mi. NE<br />
of Charleston), South Carolina.<br />
Distribution: Off Delmarva Peninsula,<br />
Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia;<br />
off Mississippi River delta and Seven and One-<br />
Half Fathom Reef off Tex<strong>as</strong> near 26°51 *N,<br />
96°18W (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pinnixa pearsei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955<br />
Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955:164, figs. 10-13.<br />
, Type-locality: Indian P<strong>as</strong>s, Apalachicola,<br />
Florida.<br />
Distribution: Northwest Florida (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Pinnixa retinens Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:456, fig. 366.<br />
Type-locality: Chesapeake Bay, off Poplar<br />
Island, Maryland, 36.6 m., soft bottom.<br />
Distribution: Delaware Bay (Watling and<br />
Checklist 65<br />
Maurer, 1976); Little River Inlet, South<br />
Carolina, Alligator Harbor, Florida; Arai. ><strong>as</strong><br />
area of Tex<strong>as</strong> co<strong>as</strong>t (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pinnixa sayana Stimpson, 1860<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:457, fig. 367.<br />
Type-locality: Mouth of Beaufort Harbor,<br />
North Carolina, 10.97 m, sandy mud.<br />
Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />
to Beaufort, North Carolina; Hutchinson<br />
Island, e<strong>as</strong>t central Florida (Camp et al., 1977),<br />
Sar<strong>as</strong>ota Bay, Florida, to Grand Isle,<br />
Louisiana; Amapa, Para, Pernambuco, Sao<br />
Paulo, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />
Pinnotheres hemphilli Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:99, fig. 51, pi.<br />
23.<br />
Type-locality: Cedar Keys, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Cedar Keys, Florida.<br />
Pinnotheres maculatus Say, 1818<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:441, Fig. 353.<br />
Type-locality: Given <strong>as</strong> "Inhabits the muricated<br />
Pinna of our co<strong>as</strong>t."<br />
Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Golfo San Mati<strong>as</strong>, Argentina<br />
(Fenucci, 1975).<br />
Pinnotheres moseri Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:94, text-fig. 47,<br />
pi. 21: figs. 3,4, fig. 47.<br />
Type-locality: Port Royal, Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Jamaica.<br />
Pinnotheres ostreum Say, 1817<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:444, figs. 354-<br />
356.<br />
Type-locality: "United States" (see Schmitt, et<br />
al., 1973); these authors menti<strong>one</strong>d six<br />
probable syntypes from the United States and<br />
Virginia in the British Museum (Natural<br />
History) and that, according to DeKay (1844),<br />
Say's specimen w<strong>as</strong> from New Jersey.<br />
Distribution: Salem, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil.<br />
Pinnotheres shoemakeri Rathbun, 1918<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:95, fig. 48, pi.<br />
22: figs. 1-4.<br />
Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; St.<br />
Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands.
66 Checklist<br />
FAMILY OCYPODIDAE<br />
Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:468, fig. 375.<br />
Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />
Distribution: Block Island, Rhode Island, to<br />
Santa Catarina, Brazil (megalopae have been<br />
taken at Woods Hole); Bermuda; Fernanado de<br />
Noronha (Williams, 1984).<br />
Uca togmi Holthuis, 1967<br />
Description: Crane, 1975:168, figs. 26F,<br />
31H, 54G, 66P, 100, pi. 24E-H, map 12.<br />
Type-locality: Plantage Knip, Westpunt,<br />
Curagao, Netherlands Antilles.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>t (Gulf) co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; north and<br />
south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Hispafiiola;<br />
Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to<br />
Trinidad; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucantan to<br />
Guatamala; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama;<br />
Venezuela to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Uca leptodactyla Rathbun, 1898<br />
Description: Crane, 1975:304, figs. 37M,<br />
56F, 60N-0,69K-L, 101, map 17, pi. 41A-D.<br />
Type-locality: Near Fort Montague, N<strong>as</strong>sau,<br />
New Province, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida (not<br />
recently); e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Croix;<br />
Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Venezuela to Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Uca longisignalis Salmon and Atsaides, 1968<br />
Description: Salmon and Atsaides, 1968:279,<br />
figs. 1-4,6,7.<br />
Type-locality: Ocean Springs, Mississippi.<br />
Distribution: Northwest Florida to south Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Uca minax (Le Conte, 1855)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:473, fig. 377a.<br />
Type-locality: Beesleys Point, New Jersey.<br />
Distribution: Buzzards Bay (Wareham and<br />
southwestern Cape Cod), M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>t Florida, and from the area of<br />
Yankeetown, northwest Florida, to Louisiana,<br />
and on to Matagorda Bay, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Uca panacea Novak and Salmon, 1974<br />
Description: Novak and Salmon, 1974:316,<br />
figs. 1-8.<br />
Type-locality: Panacea, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Northwest Florida to south<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Uca pugilator (Bosc, 1802)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:475, figs. 376,<br />
377c.<br />
Type-locality: '"Caroline."<br />
Distribution: Cape Cod, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; (rare<br />
on the north shore) southward around the tip of<br />
Peninsular Florida to near Pensacola (Heard,<br />
1982); O^d Providence Island, Baham<strong>as</strong>, and<br />
Santo Domingo (Crane, 1975; Williams,<br />
1984).<br />
Uca pugnax (Smith, 1870)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:478, fig. 377b.<br />
Type-locality: New Haven, (Connecticut).<br />
Distribution: Provincetown, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />
Daytona Beach, Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />
Uca rapax (Smith, 1870)<br />
Description: Crane, 1975:190, figs. 52c-D,<br />
54F, 67C, 86,91E-F, 100, pis. 27A-D, 45C-<br />
F, map 14.<br />
Type-locality: Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama:<br />
Aspinwall.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />
Florida Keys; southwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico to northe<strong>as</strong>t Yucatan;<br />
north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />
Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />
Islands to Trinidad and Tobago; Netherlands<br />
Antilles; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan to Guatamala;<br />
Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama to Santa Catarina,<br />
Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />
Uca speciosa (Ives, 1891)<br />
Description: Crane, 1975:236, figs. 68G, 101,<br />
map 15, pi. 31 A-D.<br />
Type-locality: Port of Silam, Yucatan.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Florida Keys;<br />
west and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; northe<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Yucatan and northwest Cuba (Powers, 1977).<br />
Uca spinicarpa Rathbun, 1900<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:411, pi. 148.-<br />
Crane, 1975:239, figs. 68k, 101, pi. 31E-H,<br />
map 15.<br />
Type-locality: Galveston.<br />
Distribution: Alabama to northe<strong>as</strong>tern co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Mexico (Powers, 1977). Pensacola area,<br />
Florida (personal communication, P. M.<br />
Mikkelsen).
Uca thayeri Rathbun, 1900<br />
Description: Crane, 1975:112, figs. 46K,<br />
56E, 60H-I, 73A-B, 811, 821, 99, map 11, pi.<br />
17.<br />
Type-locality: Rio Parahyba do Norte at<br />
Cabedello, Brazil.<br />
Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t and southwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Florida; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba;<br />
Jamaica; Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe;<br />
Trinidad; Tobago; Guatamala and Panama<br />
(Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts) Venezuela to Sao Paulo,<br />
Brazil.<br />
Uca vocator (Herbst, 1804)<br />
Description: Crane, 1975:27, figs. 66D, 100,<br />
pi. 23E-G, pi. 24A-D, map 13.<br />
Type-locality: "Amerika" (restricted by<br />
neotype selection of Holthuis, 1959, to Bank<br />
of Suriname River at Leosberg, Surinam).<br />
Distribution: southern Florida; Tampico,<br />
Mexico; Belize to Guyana; Puerto Rico; Santo<br />
Domingo; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Trinidad and<br />
Tobago; Paraiba to Pernambuco, Brazil; ?Santa<br />
Catarina, Brazil.<br />
Utides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:347, fig. 158, pis.<br />
110-113, pi. 159: figs. 3,4.<br />
Type-locality: America.<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida;<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>t Mexico to Panama; north and south<br />
co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Hispafiiola; Puerto<br />
Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to Grenada;<br />
Colombia to Santa Catarina, Brazil.<br />
FAMILY PALICIDAE<br />
Palicus qffinis A. Milne Edwards and<br />
Bouvier, 1899<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:196, fig. 121, pi.<br />
46, pi. 47: fig. 3.<br />
Type-locality: Santa Cruz, 210 m.<br />
Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />
Florida; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Virgin Islands;<br />
Barbados; Guian<strong>as</strong> to Espirito Santo, Brazil<br />
(Powers, 1977).<br />
Palicus alternatus Rathbun, 1897<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:482, fig. 378.<br />
Type-locality: 29°11 , 30"N, 85 o 29*00"W, 47.6<br />
m. (south of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida).<br />
Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong> to SE Cape Fear,<br />
North Carolina; Gulf of Mexico along west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida from Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong> to Key<br />
West (Williams, 1984).<br />
Checklist 67<br />
Palicus cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:186, fig. llu.<br />
Type-locality: Grenada, 166 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Grenada, Windward Islands.<br />
Florida (personal communication, P. A.<br />
McLaughlin).<br />
Palicus cursor (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:215, figs. 130-<br />
131, pi. 52: figs. 1,2.<br />
Type-locality: Sand Key, Havana, St. Kitts,<br />
E)ominique, Barbados, 252-448 m.<br />
Distribution: North Carolina; Florida Keys;<br />
west and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; north<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; St. Christopher; Dominica;<br />
Barbados (Powers, 1977).<br />
Palicus dentatus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:202, fig. 124.<br />
Type-locality: Charlotte Harbor, 91m, and<br />
Barbados, 110-176 m.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys; west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida; off Alabama; off Barbados (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Palicus faxoni Rathbun, 1897<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:483, fig. 379.<br />
Type-locality: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, 89.6 m.<br />
Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, to near Cape Canaveral, Florida; off<br />
Yucatan, Mexico; near Quita Sueno Banks;<br />
southwest St. Christopher; off Cabo Frio, Rio<br />
de Janerio (Williams, 1984).<br />
Palicus floridana (Rathbun, 1918)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:220, pi. 41: figs.<br />
3,4.<br />
Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Florida; 216 m.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Palicus gracilis (Smith, 1883)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:218, text-fig. 132,<br />
pi. 50, pi. 51: fig. 1.<br />
Type-locality: Martha's Vineyard,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 260 m.<br />
Distribution: Off M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida; northwest Florida; Louisiana to central<br />
e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />
Curacao (Powers, 1977).<br />
Palicus obesus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Rathbun, 1918:205, fig. 125, pi. 49.<br />
Type-locality: 23°13'N, 89°16*W, 154 m.
68 Checklist<br />
Distribution: Off northwest Florida and<br />
Mississippi; Campeche, Mexico (Powers,<br />
1977).<br />
Palicus ska (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:483, fig. 380.<br />
Type-locality: Barbados, 150 m, Blake Stn.<br />
293.<br />
Distribution: Off Charleston, South Carolina,<br />
to northe<strong>as</strong>t Cape Canaveral, Florida; west<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida through West Indies to<br />
Barbados and Grenada (Williams, 1984).<br />
FAMILY CRYPTOCHIRIDAE<br />
Pseudocryptochirus corallicola (Verrill, 1908)<br />
Description: Shaw and Hopkins, 1977:178,<br />
figs. 2b, 3b.<br />
Type-locality: Dominica.<br />
Distribution: Known only from Western<br />
Atlantic: Dominica Island on Mussa; Bermuda<br />
Islands on Mussa, Meandra (=Manicinia) and<br />
Dichocognia; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida on<br />
Meandra {^Mankind) areolata and Meandrina;<br />
Florida Middle Ground on Scolymia lacera,<br />
multiple polyp Scolymia, and Manicina areolata<br />
(Shaw and Hopkins, 1977).<br />
Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus Shaw and<br />
Hopkins, 1977<br />
Description: Shaw and Hopkins, 1977:179,<br />
figs. 1, 2a, 3a.<br />
Type-locality: Florida Middle Ground about<br />
137 km west of Tarpon Springs, Florida<br />
28 o 30'49 M N, 84°20'30 M W, 27 m, from<br />
Agariciafragilis.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
Gulf of Mexico on the Florida Middle Ground,<br />
in 25-30 meters, on Agariciafragilis (Shaw and<br />
Hopkins, 1977).
The records cited below came to our attention<br />
or were published after this volume w<strong>as</strong><br />
completed.<br />
FAMILY PALAEMONIDAE<br />
Neopontonides chacei Heard, 1986<br />
Description: Heard, 1986:472, figs. 1A, 2,3,<br />
4B-D.<br />
Type-locality: Reef south of Marigot Bay, St.<br />
Lucia Island.<br />
Distribution: Florida Keys south to Carrie<br />
Bow Cay, Belize, on the gorgonian<br />
Pseudopterogorgia americana.<br />
Periclimenaeus bredini Chace, 1972<br />
Description: Chace, 1972:26, fig. 5.<br />
Type-locality: Isla Mujeres off the Yucatan<br />
Peninsula.<br />
Distribution: Known from the type-locality and<br />
the Florida Middle Grounds (Dardeau, 1984)<br />
where it w<strong>as</strong> collected from a sponge.<br />
Pontonia mexicana Guerin-Meneville, 1855<br />
Description: Holthuis, 1951b:130, pi. 41.<br />
Type-locality: Mexico (Holthuis, 1951b).<br />
Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; West Indies (Chace, 1972).<br />
Pseudopontonides principis (Criales, 1980)<br />
Description: Criales, 1980:68.~Heard,<br />
1986:481, Figs. 5A-F.<br />
Type-locality: Awa di Oostpunt, Curacao.<br />
Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico;<br />
Puerto Rico; Bonaire and Curacao. On<br />
antipatharians.<br />
FAMILY ALPHEIDAE<br />
Alpheus bahamensis Rankin, 1898<br />
Description: Zimmer, 1913:405, figs. l^-Z 1<br />
(<strong>as</strong> A. hippothoe var. edamensisl).--Cha.ee,<br />
1972:58.<br />
Type-locality: New Providence Island,<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />
Yucatan Peninsula; West Indies (Chace, 1972).<br />
Fenneralpheus chacei Felder and Manning,<br />
1986<br />
Description: Felder and Manning, 1986:498,<br />
figs. 1-3.<br />
Type-locality: Fort Pierce Inlet, St. Lucie<br />
ADDENDUM<br />
Checklist 69<br />
Country, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Fort Pierce and Key West,<br />
Florida (Felder and Manning, 1986).<br />
Salm<strong>one</strong>us cavicolus Felder and Manning,<br />
1986<br />
Description: Felder and Manning, 1986:503,<br />
figs. 4-6.<br />
Type-locality: South side of Fort Pierce Inlet,<br />
St. Lucie County, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />
Synalpheus scaphoceris Coutiere, 1910<br />
Description: Dardeau, 1986:491, figs. 1-3.<br />
Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico: IsladeLobos,<br />
West Flower Garden Bank, E<strong>as</strong>t Flower<br />
Garden Bank, Florida Middle Grounds, off<br />
Sanibel Island, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Caribbean:<br />
Peurto Rico and Curacao; Brazil (Dardeau,<br />
1986).<br />
FAMILY GONEPLACIDAE<br />
Ch<strong>as</strong>mocarcinus chacei Felder and Rabalais,<br />
1986<br />
Description: Felder and Rabalais, 1986:548,<br />
figs. l,2a-g, 3a-h.<br />
Type-locality: Vicinity of Flower Garden<br />
Banks, northwestern Gulf of Mexico<br />
(27°53.97*N, 93°34.79'W, 126 m).<br />
Distribution: Gulf of Mexico from the Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
co<strong>as</strong>t to Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; possibly off<br />
Anguilla (Felder and Rabalais, 1986).<br />
Speocarcinus carolinensis Stimpson, 1859<br />
Description: Williams, 1984:437, fig. 349.-<br />
Felder and Rabalais, 1986:572, figs, lld-f,<br />
12.<br />
Type-locality: Charleston Harbor, South<br />
Carolina.<br />
Distribution: South of Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />
Carolina, through the West Indies to Amapa,<br />
Brazil (Williams, 1984). Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> and the<br />
Margues<strong>as</strong> Keys, Florida (Felder and Rabalais,<br />
1986).
70 Key to Families<br />
Key to families of Florida decapods<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918,1930,1937, Barnard, 1950,<br />
Holthuis, 1955, and Williams, 1984]<br />
1. General form shrimplike, usually compressed; pleuron of second somite never<br />
overlapping that of first somite; first 3 pairs of pereopods usually chelate (except in<br />
some Sergestoidea), third pair never unusually robust ....2<br />
General form shrimplike, lobsterlike, or crablike; if shrimplike with pleuron of<br />
second abdominal somite overlapping that of first somite and third pair of<br />
pereopods not chelate or unusually en<strong>large</strong>d (except Stenopodidae, with pleuron of<br />
second abdominal somite not overlapping that of first somite; third pereopods<br />
chelate, stronger than preceding) 8<br />
2. (1) Fourth and fifth pereopods well developed 3<br />
Fourth and fifth pereopods reduced or absent 7<br />
3. (2) Postorbital spine present... Solenoceridae (page 97)<br />
Postorbital spine absent 4<br />
4. (3) Integument rigid, of stony appearance; cervical groove very faint or absent<br />
Sicyoniidae (page 109)<br />
Integument more or less flexible, not stony and rigid in appearance; cervical groove<br />
present and e<strong>as</strong>ily discerned 5<br />
5. (4) Eyestalks without tubercles on their mesial (inner) borders; epipods absent behind<br />
third pereopods Penaeidae (page 82)<br />
Eyestalks each with tubercle on its mesial (inner) border; epipods on all coxae from<br />
second maxillipeds through fourth pereopods 6<br />
6. (5) Distal, filamentous portion of upper antennular flagellum extensively developed<br />
Benthesicymidae (page 79)<br />
Distal, filamentous portion of upper antennular flagellum not extensively developed.<br />
Aristeidae (page 79)<br />
7. (2) Anterior region of cephalothorax not greatly elongate; gills present.<br />
Sergestidae (page 115)<br />
Anterior region of cephalothorax greatly elongate; gills absent<br />
Luciferidae (page 125)<br />
8. (1) Form shrimplike; usually with body compressed 9<br />
Form lobsterlike or crablike 24
Key to Families 7 1<br />
9. (8) Pleuron of second abdominal somite not overlapping that of first somite; third<br />
pereopods chelate, stronger than preceding Stenopodidae (page 281)<br />
Pleuron of second abdominal somite overlapping that of first somite; third pair of<br />
pereopods never chelate 10<br />
10. (9) First pair of pereopods chelate or simple 11<br />
First pair of pereopods subchelate 23<br />
11. (10) Fingers of all four chelae slender, their cutting edges pectinate<br />
.. P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae (page 137)<br />
Cutting edges of fingers of chelae not all pectinate 12<br />
12. (11) Carpi of second pair of pereopods entire; first pair of pereopods always with welldeveloped<br />
chelae 13<br />
Carpi of second pair of pereopods usually subdivided into two or more segments; if<br />
not, first pair of pereopods not chelate 19<br />
13. (12) First pair of pereopods stronger and heavier though often shorter than second 14<br />
First pair of pereopods usually more slender than, rarely subequal to, second 16<br />
14. (13) Ends of fingers of first two pairs of pereopods not dark colored; ultimate segment<br />
of second maxilliped placed at end of penultimate segment; exopod of first<br />
maxilliped without flagellum Bresiliidae (page 141)<br />
Ends of lingers of first two pairs of pereopods dark colored; ultimate segment of<br />
second maxilliped applied <strong>as</strong> strip alongside of penultimate segment; exopod of first<br />
maxilliped with distinct flagellum 15<br />
15. (14) Rostrum immovable; exopods on pereopods Eugonatonotidae (page 145)<br />
Rostrum movable; no exopods on pereopods Rhynchocinetidae (page 145)<br />
16. (13) Pereopods usually with exopods; if not, fingers of chelae with terminal brushes of<br />
long hairs .. 17<br />
Pereopods without exopods; chelae without terminal brushes of long hairs 18<br />
17. (16) Mandible without palp; fingers of chelae usually with conspicuous terminal<br />
brushes of hairs; l<strong>as</strong>t three pairs of pereopods not conspicuously lengthened;<br />
pereopods with or without exopods Atyidae (page 127)<br />
Mandible with palp; fingers of chelae without terminal brushes of hairs; pereopod<br />
with exopods (l<strong>as</strong>t three pairs of pereopods not conspicuously lengthened; carpi of<br />
these pereopods distinctly shorter than propodi) Oplophoridae (page 131)
72 Key to Families<br />
18. (16) Mandible usually with incisor process; if not, third maxilliped not expanded or<br />
leaf-like Palaemonidae (page 152)<br />
Mandible without incisor process; third maxillipeds expanded and leaf-like<br />
Gnathophyllidae (page 149)<br />
19. (12) Chelae of first pair of pereopods microscopically small or absent (mandible bifid,<br />
with palp; rostrum laterally compressed, distinctly dentate)<br />
'.. Pandalidae (page 262)<br />
Chelae of first pair of pereopods distinct, at le<strong>as</strong>t on <strong>one</strong> side . 20<br />
20. (19) First pair of pereopods both chelate; rostrum dentate or unarmed, not with single<br />
subdistal dorsal tooth . 21<br />
Usually right first pereopod chelate, the other ending in simple claw-like dactyl; if<br />
both chelate, rostrum with subdistal dorsal tooth Processidae (page 254)<br />
21. (20) Ends of fingers of first pair of chelae usually dark colored; first pair of chelipeds<br />
short and rather heavy but not swollen; eyes free, never extremely elongate<br />
Hippolytidae (page 230)<br />
Ends of fingers of first pair of chelae not dark colored; eyes either extremely long<br />
or partly or wholly covered by carapace 22<br />
22. (21) Eyes extremely elongate, reaching almost to end of antennular peduncle; cornea<br />
small; first pair of pereopods shorter than and about <strong>as</strong> robust <strong>as</strong> second<br />
Ogyrididae (page 251)<br />
Eyes usually partly or wholly covered by carapace, never very elongate; first pair<br />
of pereopods distinctly stronger than second, often unequal and swollen<br />
.... Alpheidae (page 194)<br />
23. (10) Carpi of second pair of pereopods multi-articulate<br />
Glyphocrangonidae (page 277)<br />
Carpi of second pair of pereopods not subdivided Crangonidae (page 271)<br />
24. (8) Body lobsterlike and strongly calcified; abdomen with pleura well developed; first<br />
three pairs of pereopods either all chelate or n<strong>one</strong> chelate 25<br />
Body crablike or lobsterlike, sometimes weakly calcified in part; pleura often<br />
reduced or absent; first three pairs of pereopods never alike; first, second, or first<br />
and second pereopods chelate or subchelate 28<br />
25. (24) First three pairs of pereopods chelate, first <strong>large</strong>st; uropods well developed,<br />
lateral ramus (uropodal exopod) transversely divided.. Nephropidae (page 285)<br />
First three pairs of pereopods never chelate; uropods well developed, lateral<br />
ramus without transverse division .26
Key to Families 73<br />
26. (25) Carapace with small rostrum; first pereopods much <strong>large</strong>r than others (body<br />
tubular; antennae cylindrical, shorter than body) Synaxiidae (page 323)<br />
Carapace without rostrum; first pereopods not en<strong>large</strong>d except in Justitia 27<br />
27. (26) Carapace subcylindrical; antennal flagella long, strong, and spiny<br />
Palinuridae (page 313)<br />
Carapace more or less flattened dorsoventrally, lateral margins sharp; antennae<br />
short, flagella replaced by plates with dentate or lobulate margins<br />
Scyllaridae (page 316)<br />
28. (24) Either lobsterlike or crablike; abdomen extended, bent upon itself, or flexed<br />
beneath thorax; l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic sternite free; uropods present; carapace not fused<br />
with epistome; first, second, or first 2 pairs of pereopods chelate or subchelate ....<br />
29<br />
Crablike; abdomen permanently flexed beneath carapace; l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic sternite<br />
fused with preceding; uropods rarely present, never biramous; carapace fused<br />
with epistome; first pair of pereopods chelate or subchelate 40<br />
29. (28) Second to fourth pereopods with dactyli conspicuously curved and flattened;<br />
abdomen much reduced in size and flexed beneath thorax 30<br />
Second to fourth pereopods with dactyli not conspicuously curved and flattened;<br />
abdomen well developed but may be flexed beneath thorax 31<br />
30. (29) First pair of pereopods subchelate; carapace depressed... Albuneidae (page 427)<br />
First pair of pereopods simple; carapace subcylindrical Hi ppidae (page 433)<br />
31. (29) Abdomen usually <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical (rarely secondarily straightened), usually<br />
membranous and with uropods adapted for holding body in hollow objects; rarely<br />
leathery, unprotected, and bent under thorax 32<br />
Abdomen symmetrical and obviously segmented; uropods well developed for<br />
swimming, never for holding body in hollow objects 35<br />
32. (31) Third maxillipeds approximated at b<strong>as</strong>e; chelipeds subequal, or left much <strong>large</strong>r<br />
than right, rarely with right slightly <strong>large</strong>r than left 33<br />
Third maxillipeds widely separated at b<strong>as</strong>e by sternum; right cheliped usually<br />
much <strong>large</strong>r than left, left never <strong>large</strong>r than right, occ<strong>as</strong>ionally subequal 34<br />
33. (32) Ventral antennular flagellum ending in filament Diogenidae (page 330)<br />
Ventral antennular flagellum ending bluntly Coenobitidae (page 327)
74 Key to Families<br />
34. (32) Carapace firm anteriorly, more or less membranous posteriorly; rostrum obsolete<br />
or nearly so; fourth pereopods unlike third Paguridae (page 359)<br />
Carapace firm all over, spiny in many species; rostrum more or less spiniform;<br />
fourth pereopods like third Lithodidae (page 355)<br />
35. (31) Body subcylindrical; first two pairs of pereopods chelate or subchelate (first only<br />
in Upogebiidae); abdomen extended 36<br />
Body slightly depressed; only first pereopods chelate; abdomen bent under thorax.<br />
38<br />
36. (35) No linea thal<strong>as</strong>sinica; both movable and fixed antennal thorns present; first<br />
pereopods strongly chelate and conspicuously hairy Axiidae (page 289)<br />
Linea thal<strong>as</strong>sinica present; fixed antennal thorn absent; first pereopods chelate or<br />
subchelate but not conspicuously hairy 37<br />
37. (36) First pereopods chelate; rostrum inconspicuous or absent<br />
.. Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae (page 293)<br />
First pereopods subchelate; rostrum well developed, dorsally flattened, spiny,<br />
and hairy<br />
Upogebiidae (page 309)<br />
38. (35) Form somewhat lobsterlike; rostrum extended, well developed; abdomen loosely<br />
flexed beneath posterior thorax; third maxilliped pediform 39<br />
Form crablike (Euceramus elongate) with abdomen completely folded under<br />
thorax; rostrum short and broad or wanting; third maxilliped flattened,<br />
operculiform Porcellanidae (page 410)<br />
39. (38) Antennal peduncle composed of four movable segments; telson subdivided into<br />
two or more plates, not folded sharply against itself, without lateral indentation ...<br />
Galatheidae (page 397)<br />
Antennal peduncle with five segments, third segment not being fused with<br />
second; telson never subdivided into two or more plates, folded sharply against<br />
itself, with lateral indentation Chirostylidae (page 393)<br />
40. (28) Mouth-frame (buccal cavity) triangular.... 41<br />
Mouth-frame (buccal cavity) more or less quadrate 46
Key to Families 7 5<br />
41. (40) Posterior thoracic sternites narrow, keel-like (b<strong>as</strong>es of 2nd-4th pereopods clc e<br />
together); l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods dorsal in position; female genital openings coxal<br />
(body elongate in dorsal view, subcylindrical; pereopods adapted for burrowing;<br />
orbits hidden ventrolaterally if present; linea homolica absent)<br />
Raninidae (page 455)<br />
Posterior thoracic sternites broad (b<strong>as</strong>es of walking legs far apart); l<strong>as</strong>t pair of<br />
pereopods normal in position, or l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs dorsal; female genital openings<br />
sternal (except in Cyclodorippidae) 42<br />
42. (41) Carapace subquadrilateral or subcircular, short, leaving the first 2 or 3 abdominal<br />
segments exposed; l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs of pereopods dorsal in position, ending in hooklike<br />
movable fingers 43<br />
Carapace of usual crablike shape 45<br />
43. (42) Third maxilliped leaving all anterior part of buccal cavity uncovered<br />
Dorippidae (page 461)<br />
Third maxilliped greatly elongate and not leaving any appreciable portion of<br />
buccal cavity uncovered 44<br />
44. (43) Third maxilliped with flagellum Cymonomidae (page 443)<br />
Third maxilliped without flagellum Cyclodorippidae (page 447)<br />
45. (42) Afferent opening to each gill chamber in front of b<strong>as</strong>e of cheliped<br />
Calappidae (page 465)<br />
Afferent opening to each gill chamber at b<strong>as</strong>e of outer (third) maxilliped<br />
Leucosiidae (page 479)<br />
46. (40) L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods abnormal, dorsal; female openings coxal; first abdominal<br />
limbs of female present; gills usually many 47<br />
L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods normal, rarely reduced, not dorsal, except in Palicus<br />
(Palicidae) and Retroplwna; female openings sternal; first abdominal limbs of<br />
female wanting; gills few 50<br />
47. (46) Sternum of female with longitudinal grooves; vestiges of sixth abdominal limbs<br />
usually present; eyes usually completely sheltered by orbits when retracted 48<br />
Sternum of female without longitudinal grooves; no vestiges of sixth abdominal<br />
limbs; eyes incompletely or not at all sheltered by orbits when withdrawn against<br />
body 49
76 Key to Families<br />
48. (47) Vestiges of sixth abdominal limbs present (except in Hypoconcha, where also no<br />
m<strong>as</strong>tigobranchs are present); carapace usually not longer than broad, with wellmarked<br />
side edge [m<strong>as</strong>tigobranchs on first pereopods (chelipeds) only or n<strong>one</strong>]...<br />
Dromiidae (page 437)<br />
No vestige of sixth abdominal limbs; carapace longer than broad, with ill-marked<br />
side edge; first three pereopods with m<strong>as</strong>tigobranchs, fourth and fifth small,<br />
subdorsal, and prehensile Homolodromiidae (page 443)<br />
49. (47) Body rectangular; b<strong>as</strong>al article of eyestalk not much longer than terminal article....<br />
Homolidae (page 451)<br />
Body pyriform; b<strong>as</strong>al article of eyestalk much longer than terminal article<br />
Latreilliidae (page 451)<br />
50. (46) Forepart of body narrow, usually forming distinct rostrum; body more or less<br />
triangular; orbits generally incomplete 51<br />
Forepart of body broad; rostrum usually reduced or wanting; body oval, round,<br />
or square; orbits nearly always well enclosed 52<br />
51. (50) Chelipeds not much <strong>large</strong>r than other pereopods; hooked hairs almost always<br />
present; second segment of antenna well developed, usually fused with epistome<br />
and front Majidae (page 493)<br />
Chelipeds very much <strong>large</strong>r than other pereopods; hooked hairs almost always N<br />
absent; second segment of antenna small, short, and not fused with epistome or<br />
front Parthenopidae (page 558)<br />
52. (50) Merus of third maxilliped small, bearing terminally carpus of nearly its own<br />
width; ischium very broad; body somewhat oblong; antennule not retractile into<br />
sockets; par<strong>as</strong>itic on corals Cryptochiridae (page 727)<br />
Carpus of third maxilliped articulate at or near antero-lateral angle of merus; body<br />
usually rounded or transversely oval; male openings nearly always coxal; right<br />
chela <strong>large</strong>r than left in many species 53<br />
Carpus of third maxilliped not articulating at or near inner angle of merus; body<br />
usually square or squarish; male openings sternal except in Retropluma, where<br />
duct p<strong>as</strong>ses along a sternal groove to coxopodite; right chela almost never <strong>large</strong>r<br />
than left (except Palicidae) ... 57<br />
53. (52) Pereopods more or less distinctly adapted for swimming; usually a small lobe on<br />
inner angle of endopod in first maxillipeds; first antenna fold slanting or<br />
transverse Portunidae (page 572)<br />
Pereopods not adapted for swimming, or if so modified, then male genital duct<br />
opening sternally or running in sternal groove; inner lobe on endopod in first<br />
maxillipeds wanting 54
Key to Families 77<br />
54. (53) Antennule folds lengthwise 55<br />
Antennule folds slanting or transversely 56<br />
55. (54) Carapace subcircular; antennal flagella either long and hairy or wanting<br />
Atelecyclidae (page 569)<br />
Carapace broadly oval or hexagonal; antennal flagella present, short, not hairy<br />
[The following three families are not sharply separated.]<br />
Cancridae (page 569)<br />
56. (54) Carapace usually transversely oval or transversely hexagonal (xanthoid); male<br />
openings coxal; male abdomen greatly narrowed in segments 4-7; tending to<br />
occur in shallow water Xanthidae (page 603)<br />
Carapace subquadrate to xanthoid; male openings coxal with genital duct lying in<br />
groove between sternites 7 and 8 or sternal; male abdomen somewhat more<br />
triangular than above; part of sternite 8 visible from above at level of second<br />
abdominal segment but variable in size (some species in above family share this<br />
character); tending to occur in deeper water near edge of continental shelf<br />
G<strong>one</strong>placidae (page 591)<br />
Carapace hexagonal to trapezoidal in shape, with anterolateral margins generally<br />
armed with three to five teeth, with front bearing four short teeth; orbits and eyes<br />
well developed; antennules transverse or transversely oblique; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal<br />
article movable and not reaching front of carapace; genital openings in male coxal;<br />
pereopods long and compressed Geryonidae (page 569)<br />
57. (52) Small, usually commensal crabs, with very small eyes and orbits; body usually<br />
more or less rounded Pinnotheridae (page 681)<br />
Free-living crabs, with eyes not especially reduced and usually square body.... 58<br />
58. (57) L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods dorsally placed and weaker than others; interantennular<br />
septum very thin; no distinct epistome; exopod of third maxilliped not hidden<br />
Palicidae (page 718)<br />
L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods not dorsally placed or markedly weaker than others;<br />
interantennular septum not very thin 59<br />
59. (58) Gap of greater or less size between third maxillipeds; front very or moderately<br />
broad 60<br />
Third maxillipeds almost or quite close to mouth; front moderately or very narrow.<br />
Ocypodidae (page 707)<br />
60. (59) Sides of body either straight or very slightly arched; shape squarish; front broad..<br />
Grapsidae (page 665)<br />
Sides of body strongly arched; shape transversely oval; front narrow<br />
Gecarcinidae(page 661)
78 Key to Families
Families Aristeidae/Bcnthcsicymidae 79<br />
Keys to Species of Florida Decapods<br />
Suborder Dendrobranchiata<br />
Family Aristeidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970]<br />
Hepatic spine absent (epipod on fourth pereopod <strong>large</strong>; podobranch<br />
on third pereopod <strong>large</strong>; rostrum tridentate)<br />
Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus<br />
Hepatic spine present (podobranch on third pereopod and epipod on<br />
fourth pereopod well developed) Aristaeomorpha foliacea<br />
Family Benthesicymidae<br />
Genus Betheogennema Burkenroad, 1936<br />
[b<strong>as</strong>ed on Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970]<br />
Podobranchs present on first maxilliped through third pereopod;<br />
telson with more than single pair of movable lateral spinules but<br />
without posteriomedian point, B. intermedia
Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus<br />
Aristaeomorpha foliacea<br />
b. lateral view<br />
a. adult male lateral view<br />
c. malepet<strong>as</strong>ma<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />
3<br />
Bentheogennema intermedia<br />
female:<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. telson, dorsal view<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)
Families Aristeidae/Benthesicymidae 81
82 Family Penaeidae<br />
Family Penaeidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from P6rez Farfante, 1978]<br />
1. Rostrum toothed on dorsal margin, usually also on ventral margin; pleurobranch<br />
present on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite 2<br />
Rostrum toothed on dorsal margin only; no pleurobranch on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite... 3<br />
2. (1) Carapace hairy Funchalia villosa<br />
Carapace smooth Penaeus<br />
3. (1) Telson tridentate, with fixed spine on each side of tip; mesial border of first<br />
segment of antennular peduncle bearing spine (parapenaeid spine) 4<br />
Telson usually without fixed spines; no spine on mesial border of first segment of<br />
antennular peduncle 6<br />
4. (3) Carapace with longitudinal and transverse sutures Parapenaeus<br />
Carapace without longitudinal or transverse sutures .5<br />
5. (4) Male with symmetrical pet<strong>as</strong>ma; single arthrobranch on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite, no<br />
trace of second arthrobranch Penaeopsis serrata<br />
Male with <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical pe<strong>as</strong>ma; 2 arthrobranchs present on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite,<br />
<strong>one</strong> of them well developed, other vestigial Metapenaeopsis<br />
6. (3) Dactyli of fourth and fifth pairs of pereopods elongate and subdivided.<br />
Xiphopenaeus kroyeri<br />
Dactyli of fourth and fifth pairs of pereopods of normal shape and undivided 7<br />
7. (6) Carapace without longitudinal sutures. Trachypeneopsis mobilispinis<br />
Carapace with longitudinal sutures (upper antennular flagella shorter than carapace<br />
and not much longer than lower flagella; fourth and fifth pairs of pereopods about<br />
<strong>as</strong> heavy <strong>as</strong> 3 anterior pairs; exopod of fifth pair of pereopods well developed)<br />
Trachypenaeus
Genus Metapenaeopsis Bouvier, 1905<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from P6rez Farfante, 1971]<br />
Family Penaeidae 83<br />
1. Thelycum with median plate bearing horseshoe-shaped marginal strip and coiled<br />
lateral strips; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distoventral projection cleft by deep sinus into 2 long,<br />
subequallobes M. smithi<br />
Thelycum with median plate lacking marginal and coiled strips; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with<br />
distoventral projection simple, forming <strong>one</strong> single lobe or cleft by shallow sinus<br />
into 2 short, subequal, or into 2 unequal lobes .. 2<br />
2. (1) Thelycum with anterior part of median plate convex, bearing 2 <strong>large</strong> pits; pet<strong>as</strong>ma<br />
with distoventral projection mittenlike in outline, <strong>large</strong> left lobe extending distally<br />
far beyond small right lobule M. gerardoi<br />
Thelycum with anterior part of median plate long, half or more <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> median<br />
plate; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distoventral projection cleft into 2 unequal lobes, right lobe<br />
noticeably <strong>large</strong>r than left M. goodei<br />
Genus Parapenaeus Smith, 1886<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970]<br />
Branchiostegal spine present behind anterior margin of carapace; rostral teeth<br />
usually seven; epig<strong>as</strong>tric tooth and hepatic spine not <strong>as</strong> far behind orbital margin <strong>as</strong><br />
in P. americanus P. politus<br />
Branchiostegal spine on anterior margin of carapace; rostral teeth usually six;<br />
epig<strong>as</strong>tric tooth and hepatic spine farther behind orbital margin than in P. politus ....<br />
.... P. americanus
84 Family Penaeldae<br />
Genus Penaeus Fabricius, 1798<br />
Key to species of adults and subadults<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Lateral rostral grooves reaching only slightly beyond posterior rostral tooth (nongrooved<br />
shrimps) P. setiferus<br />
Lateral rostral grooves reaching nearly to posterior margin of carapace (grooved<br />
shrimps) 2<br />
2. (1) Pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection long; distal fold expanded mesially forming<br />
<strong>large</strong> spined lobe; ventral costa with apex free; thelycum with anteromesial corners<br />
of lateral plates extended to cover posterior process of median protuberance<br />
P. br<strong>as</strong>iliensis<br />
Pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection relatively short; distal fold not forming lobe;<br />
ventral costa with apex attached to adjacent membraneous part; thelycum with<br />
anteromesial corners not extended, exposing posterior process of median<br />
protuberance 3<br />
3. (2) Pet<strong>as</strong>ma armed with minute spines on ventral costa along terminal part of free<br />
border; thelycum with anteromesial corners of lateral plates slightly divergent,<br />
posterior process of median protuberance with undivided median carina<br />
P. duorarum<br />
Pet<strong>as</strong>ma unarmed on ventral costa along terminal part of free border; thelycum with<br />
anteromesial corners of lateral plates widely divergent, posterior process of median<br />
carina bifurcate anteriorly ,. P. aztecus<br />
Key to species of juveniles between 17 and 47 mm total length<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Lateral rostral grooves reaching only slightly beyond posterior rostral tooth;<br />
rostrum long and slightly upturned at tip in individuals exceeding 22 mm total<br />
length; ground color light gray, sometimes with greenish c<strong>as</strong>t in shrimp taken from<br />
beds of vegetation; chromatophores (widely spaced except on spines, ridges, and<br />
uropods) colored slate-blue and brown; uropods with reddish-brown to brown<br />
are<strong>as</strong>distally .....P. setiferus<br />
Lateral rostral grooves reaching almost to posterior margin of carapace (shallow in<br />
17-mm individuals); rostrum relatively short; color gray to light brown, sometimes<br />
with greenish c<strong>as</strong>t in shrimp taken from beds of vegetation; chromatophores<br />
numerous and closely spaced, often in bands or patches 2<br />
2.(1) Rostrum with toothed dorsal margin straight; tip attenuate and straight<br />
P. br<strong>as</strong>iliensis<br />
Rostrum with toothed dorsal margin slightly arched over eye; tip short or attenuate<br />
and slightly upturned 3
Family Penaeidae 85<br />
3. (2) Rostrum usually not upturned at tip and not extremely attenuate; chromatophores<br />
slate-blue and brown; usually with conspicuously pigmented lateral spot at juncture<br />
of third and fourth abdominal somites; uropods with uniform sprinkling of<br />
chromatophores, degree of transparency uniform throughout (color more dense in<br />
older individuals) P. duorarum<br />
Rostrum usually slightly upturned and attenuate at tip; chromatophores brown and<br />
olive-green; usually lacking lateral spot at juncture of third and fourth abdominal<br />
somites; uropods with reddish-brown to brown are<strong>as</strong> distally P. aztecus<br />
Genus Trachypenaeus Alcock, 1901<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Thelycum pubescent, lips of transverse groove strongly biconvex; male with sternal<br />
elevation between coxae of fifth pereopods goblet-shaped, constricted posteriorly ...<br />
T. constrictus<br />
Thelycum naked, lips of transverse groove subhorizontal; male with sternal<br />
elevation between coxae of fifth pereopods triangular, sloping regularly to posterior<br />
apex T. similis
to<br />
s<br />
Metapenaeopsis gerardoi<br />
Metapenaeopsis smithi<br />
c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (allotype male)<br />
a. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (male)<br />
d. thelycum (holotype female)<br />
b. thelycum (female)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1971)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1971)<br />
Metapenaeopsis goodei<br />
e. lateral view (female)<br />
f. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (male)<br />
g. thelycum (female)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1971)
Family Penaeidae 87
00<br />
00<br />
Parapenaeus americanus<br />
Parapenaeus politus<br />
b. lateral view (female)<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1901)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
V<br />
Family Penacidae 89
V©<br />
»<br />
3<br />
Penaeus br<strong>as</strong>iliensis £<br />
'•a<br />
Penaeus setiferus<br />
a. lateral view (female)<br />
d. lateral view (male) 5<br />
b. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
e. thelycum (female) »<br />
c. thelycum (female)<br />
f. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />
Penaeus aztecus<br />
Penaeus duorarum<br />
j. lateral view (female)<br />
g. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />
k. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
h. thelycum (female)<br />
1. thelycum (female)<br />
i. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)
Family Penaeidae 91
Trachypenaeus simttis<br />
Trachypenaeus constrictus<br />
d. thelycum (female)<br />
a. lateral view (female)<br />
e. thoracic sternites between fourth pereopods<br />
and fifth pereopods (male)<br />
b. thoracic sternites between fourth pereopods<br />
and fifth pereopods<br />
(after Burkenroad, 1934)<br />
c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)
^<br />
Family Penaeidae 93
Penaeopsis serrata<br />
Funchalia vttlosa<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />
a. lateral view<br />
e. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (male)<br />
b. thelycum (female)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1980b)<br />
c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Burukovskii, 1983)<br />
Xiphopenaeus kroyeri<br />
Trachypeneopsis mobilispinis<br />
i. lateral view (female)<br />
f. rostrum<br />
j. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, posterior view (male)<br />
g. telson<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
h. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1920)
Family Penaeidae 95
0\<br />
•53<br />
65<br />
1<br />
"0<br />
n<br />
3<br />
E<br />
65
Family Solenoceridae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Perez Farfante, 1977]<br />
Family Solenoceridae 97<br />
1. Upper and lower antennular flagella lamellate; exopod of uropod lacking distolateral<br />
spine Solenocera<br />
Upper antennular flagellum subcylindrical, lower subcylindrical or flattened;<br />
exopod of uropod armed with distolateral spine 2<br />
2. (1) Lower antennular flagellum conspicuously depressed, orbital spine present<br />
, Mesopenaeus tropicalis<br />
Lower antennular flagellum subcylindrical, occ<strong>as</strong>ionally depressed; if so, orbital<br />
spine lacking 3<br />
3. (2) Epig<strong>as</strong>tric and first rostral teeth separated from remaining teeth by long interval;<br />
suprahepatic spine absent ,.. Hymenopenaeus<br />
Epig<strong>as</strong>tric tooth separated from first rostral tooth by interval not conspicuously<br />
greater or smaller than that between first and second rostral teeth 4<br />
4. (3) Rostrum low, with ventral margin straight or concave; submarginal carina present...<br />
Pleoticus robustus<br />
Rostrum deep, with ventral margin pronouncedly convex; submarginal carina<br />
absent Hadropenaeus
Family Solenoceridae<br />
Genus Hadropenaeus Perez Farfante, 1977<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Perez Farfante, 1977]<br />
Scaphocerite reaching distal end of antennular peduncle or overreaching it by not<br />
more than 0.1 of its own length; prosartema extending only to distomesial extremity<br />
of first antennular segment; thelycum with median protuberance on sternite between<br />
fifth pereopods projecting ventrally, and tooth of median keel of sternite between<br />
fourth pereopods directed anteriorly; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection of<br />
ventromedian lobule directed mesially H. affinis<br />
Scaphocerite overreaching antennular peduncle by about 0.25 of its own length;<br />
prosartema conspicuously overreaching distomesial margin of first antennular<br />
segment; thelycum with median protuberance on sternite between fifth pereopods<br />
projecting anteriorly, and tooth of median keel of sternite between fourth pereopods<br />
directed ventrally or posteriorly; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection of<br />
ventromedian lobule directed distally H. modestus<br />
Genus Hymenopenaeus Smith, 1882<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Perez Farfante, 1977]<br />
Eye with cornea hemispherical and disposed such that imaginary line extending<br />
from mesial tubercle parallel to b<strong>as</strong>al margin of ocular peduncle intersects lateral<br />
border of latter far proximal to proximolateral extremity of comea...H. aphoticus<br />
Eye with cornea subreniform and disposed such that imaginary line extending from<br />
mesial tubercle parallel to b<strong>as</strong>al margin of ocular peduncle intersects posterolateral<br />
extremity of cornea H. debilis
Genus Solenocera Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Solenoceridae 99<br />
1. Rostral + epig<strong>as</strong>tric teeth 8-11; postrostral carina high and sharp, extending almost to<br />
posterior margin of carapace S. vioscai<br />
Rostral + epig<strong>as</strong>tric teeth 4-8; postrostral carina low or absent posterior to cervical<br />
sulcus 2<br />
2. (1) Anterior part of carapace glossy; scaphocerite exceeding distal end of antennular<br />
peduncle by 10% of its own length S. necopina<br />
Anterior part of carapace setose; scaphocerite never exceeding distal end of<br />
antennular peduncle by 10% of its own length, usually less S. atlantidis
Hadropenaeus modestus<br />
Hadropenaeus afflnis<br />
& anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. lateral view (female)<br />
e. thelycum, ventral view (holotype female)<br />
b. thelycum, ventral view (female)<br />
f. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, dorsal view of right half (male)<br />
c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, dorsal view of right half (male)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1977)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1977)
I 1<br />
Family Solenoceridae 101
o<br />
•=3<strong>as</strong><br />
3<br />
o<br />
Hymenopenaeus debilis<br />
Hymenopenaeus aphoticus<br />
male:<br />
female:<br />
c. lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
& eye<br />
b. eye<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1977)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1977)
Family Solenoceridae 103
o<br />
3<br />
Solenocera necopina<br />
Solenocera vioscai<br />
b. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />
a. carapace and rostrum, lateral view (<strong>large</strong>r<br />
paratype female)<br />
(after Perez Farfante and Bullis, 1973)<br />
(after Burkenroad, 1934)<br />
Solenocera atlantidis<br />
c. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />
(after Perez Farfante and Bullis, 1973)
*Q<br />
Family Solenoceridae 105
Pleoticus robustus<br />
Mesopenaeus tropicalis<br />
male:<br />
a. lateral view (female)<br />
b. lateral view<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1977)<br />
c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, dorsolateral view of left half<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1977)
Family Solenoceridae 107
o<br />
•S3<br />
ts<br />
3<br />
V3
Family Sicyoniidae<br />
Genus Sicyonia H. Milne Edwards, 1830<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Sicyoniidae 109<br />
1. First pereopod with b<strong>as</strong>is and ischium armed with spine; abdominal somite 2 with<br />
dorsal carina notched at junction of transverse sulci 2<br />
First pereopod with b<strong>as</strong>is and ischium unarmed; abdominal somite 2 with dorsal<br />
carina unnotched., 3<br />
2. (1) Rostrum (excluding tip) with 2 dorsal teeth anterior to posterior orbital margin; V<br />
carina of carapace with 3 teeth, first tooth smallest S. laevigata<br />
Rostrum (excluding tip) with 3 dorsal teeth; carina of carapace with 3 evenly<br />
spaced, subequal teeth S. parti<br />
3. (1) Carapace with 3 <strong>large</strong> dorsal teeth behind hepatic spine S. brevirostris<br />
Carapace with 1 or 2 <strong>large</strong> dorsal teeth behind hepatic spine 4<br />
4. (3) Two teeth on dorsal carina behind hepatic spine ...S. typica<br />
One tooth on dorsal carina behind hepatic spine. 5<br />
5. (4) Pleura of abdominal somite 4 with both antero- and posteroventral margins spined<br />
or angular<br />
S. dorsalis<br />
Pleura of abdominal somite 4 with posteroventral margin rounded 6<br />
6. (5) Antennal spine long, acute, buttressed; pleura of abdominal somites 1-4 with ventral<br />
spines laterally recurved S. burkenroadi<br />
Antennal spine short, often minute, not buttressed; pleura of abdominal somite 1<br />
rounded, 2-4 angulate, but without laterally recurved marginal spines S. stimpsoni
©<br />
g"<br />
3<br />
Sicyonia parti ^<br />
Sicyonia laevigata<br />
b. carapace and abdomen, lateral view ©<br />
a. carapace and first two abdominal somites,<br />
lateral view<br />
(after Burkenroad, 1934) §*<br />
(after Burkenroad, 1934)<br />
Sicyonia typica<br />
Sicyonia brevirostris<br />
d. carapace and first abdominal somite, lateral<br />
view<br />
c. lateral view (male)<br />
(after Cobb etal., 1973)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Sicyoniidae 1 11
Sicyonia burkenroadi<br />
Sicyonia dorsalis<br />
b. lateral view (female)<br />
a. carapace and first abdominal somite, lateral<br />
view<br />
c. third and fourth abdominal somites (female)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(b, after Cobb, 1971; c, after Huff and Cobb, 1979)<br />
Sicyonia stimpsoni<br />
d. carapace and part of first abdominal somite,<br />
lateral view<br />
e. abdominal somites (male)<br />
(d, after Williams, 1984; e, after Huff and Cobb, 1979)
Family Sicyoniidae 113
£»<br />
3<br />
5
Family Sergestidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
Family Sergestidae 115<br />
1. Fourth and fifth pereopods absent Acetes americanus carolinae<br />
Fourth and fifth pereopods present. 2<br />
2. (1) Specialized luminescent modifications of g<strong>as</strong>trohepatic gland (organs of Pesta)<br />
present; dermal photophores absent; supraorbital and hepatic spines present or<br />
absent Sergestes<br />
Specialized luminescent modifications of g<strong>as</strong>trohepatic gland (organs of Pesta)<br />
absent; dermal photophores present or absent; if present, with or without cuticular<br />
lenses; supraorbital and hepatic spines absent Sergia
116 Family Sergestidae<br />
Genus Sergestes H. Milne Edwards, 1830<br />
Key to species<br />
[b<strong>as</strong>ed on Crosnier and Forest, 1973]<br />
1. Third maxillipeds at most <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> third pereopods 2<br />
Third maxillipeds much longer than third pereopods 4<br />
2. (1) Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on only <strong>one</strong> margin (third segment of<br />
antennular peduncle equal to or longer than first; pet<strong>as</strong>ma lobes short, stumpy)<br />
S. atlanticus<br />
Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on both margins 3<br />
3. (2) Supraorbital spines always present, acute and e<strong>as</strong>ily visible S. henseni<br />
Supraorbital spines nearly always absent or, when present, miniscule.<br />
S. par<strong>as</strong>eminudus<br />
4. (1) Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on both margins 5<br />
Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on only <strong>one</strong> margin 6<br />
5. (4) Dactylus and distal half of propodus of third maxilliped with numerous spines<br />
forming comb-like structure; processus ventralis of pet<strong>as</strong>ma unarmed',<br />
.5. pectinatus<br />
Dactylus and distal half of propodus of third maxilliped armed with spines but not<br />
forming comb-like structure; processus ventralis of pet<strong>as</strong>ma armed distally with<br />
numerous spines S. sarg<strong>as</strong>si<br />
6. (4) Dactylus of third maxilliped subdivided into 6 segments and with 2 terminal spines;<br />
external margin of exopod of uropod entirely fringed S. edwardsii<br />
Dactylus of third maxilliped subdivided into 4 segments and with single terminal<br />
spine; small proximal portion of external margin of exopod of uropod naked 7<br />
7. (6) About 1/3 or a little more of external margin of exopod of uropod naked; first<br />
segment of antennular peduncle much shorter than third S. armatus<br />
About 1/6 or 1/7 of external margin of exopod of uropod naked; first segment of<br />
antennular peduncle a little longer than third 5. vigilax
Genus Sergia Stimpson, 1860<br />
Key to species<br />
| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Crosnier and Forest, 19731<br />
Family Sergestidae 117<br />
Third maxillipeds with propodus and dactylus entire S. splendens<br />
Third maxillipeds with propodus and dacty lus subdivided, l<strong>as</strong>t into 5 to 7 segments.<br />
S. extenuatus
oo<br />
Sergestes henseni g<br />
Sergestes atlanticus<br />
d. rostral region **<br />
CO<br />
e. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male) °g<br />
VI<br />
«-•<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973) &<br />
a. carapace, lateral view<br />
b. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
c. fifth pereopod (male)<br />
(a, b, after Kensley, 1971; c, after Hansen, 1922)<br />
Sergestes pectinatus<br />
Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudus<br />
h. carapace, lateral view<br />
f. rostral region<br />
i. dactylus and distal end of propodus of third<br />
maxilliped<br />
g. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />
j. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Kensley, 1971)
Family Sergestidae 119
fcv><br />
Sergestes edwardsii g<br />
Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view ^<br />
n<br />
a. carapace, lateral view<br />
e. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male) °g<br />
b. dactylus and distal end of propodus of third<br />
maxilliped<br />
f. third maxilhped »<br />
c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />
(after Kensley, 1971)<br />
Sergestes vigilax<br />
Sergestes armatus<br />
j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
k. uropodal exopod<br />
h. uropodal exopod<br />
(after Hansen, 1922)<br />
i. third maxilliped<br />
(after Hansen, 1922)
Family Sergestidae 121
Sergia extenuatus<br />
Sergia splendens<br />
c. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
d. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />
b. dactylus and propodus of third maxilliped<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />
(after Hansen, 1922, <strong>as</strong> Sergestes cr<strong>as</strong>sus)<br />
Acetes americanus carolinae<br />
e. lateral view (female)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Sergestidae 123
•=3<br />
3<br />
rt<br />
-i<br />
n<br />
v.<br />
a<br />
re
Family Luciferidae<br />
Genus Lucifer Thompson, 1829<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Hansen, 1919]<br />
Family Luciferidae 125<br />
Distance between labrum and insertion of eye-stalks somewhat or only a little<br />
greater than length of eye-stalks with eyes (b<strong>as</strong>al short joint of stalks included);<br />
posterior ventral process on sixth abdominal somite in male with its distal part<br />
swollen L. typus<br />
Distance between labrum and insertion of eye-stalks almost or more than twice<br />
length of eye-stalks with eyes; posterior ventral process on sixth abdominal somite<br />
tapering to narrow, obtuse end : L. faxoni
Lucifer faxoni<br />
Lucifer typus<br />
c. lateral view (male)<br />
a, anterior end, lateral view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
b. male sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />
(after Bowman and McCain, 1967)
Family Lucifcridae 126il
Suborder Pleocyemata<br />
Infraorder Caridea<br />
Family Atyidae<br />
Genus Potimirim Holthuis, 1954<br />
Family Atyidae 127<br />
Pereopods without exopods; orbital margin unarmed P. potimirim
00<br />
1<br />
5-'<br />
p<br />
Potimirim potimirim<br />
a. lateral view<br />
(from Abele's personal drawing)
Family Atyidae 129
I<br />
•53-<br />
85,<br />
^r<br />
>.<br />
«-*<br />
a<br />
ft
Family Oplophoridae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| Adapted from Chace, 1940a]<br />
Family Oplophoridae 131<br />
1. Exopods of at le<strong>as</strong>t third maxillipeds and first pair of pereopods foliaceous and<br />
often rigid; outer margin of scaphocerite usually armed with series of spines; telson<br />
not truncate at tip, but ending in sharp point; eyes <strong>large</strong> and well pigmented........ 2<br />
N<strong>one</strong> of exopods of pereopods foliaceous or rigid... 3<br />
2. (1) Abdomen with second somite armed with long, carinate posteromesial spines; fifth<br />
somite unarmed Janicella spinicauda<br />
Abdomen with second somite unarmed; fifth somite with posteromesial tooth,<br />
sometimes small Oplophorus<br />
3. (1) L<strong>as</strong>t four abdominal somites, at le<strong>as</strong>t, dorsally carinate (usually no straight ridge or<br />
carina running entire length of lateral surface of carapace along median lateral line;<br />
hind margin of hepatic furrow not usually cut off abruptly by oblique ridge or<br />
carina; incisor process of mandible toothed for entire length of cutting edge)<br />
Acanthephyra purpurea<br />
Sixth abdominal somite not dorsally carinate (eyes very <strong>large</strong> and well pigmented;<br />
anterior margin of first abdominal somite armed with distinct lobe or tooth<br />
overlapping hind margin of carapace; telson terminating in sharp-pointed end-piece<br />
laterally armed with spines) Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis<br />
Genus Oplophorus H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Key to species<br />
End of scaphocerite barbed on inner margin; posterolateral angle of carapace with<br />
no tooth or spine O. spin osus<br />
No barb on end of scaphocerite; posterolateral angle of carapace with prominent<br />
spine O. gracilirostris
o<br />
o<br />
T3<br />
cr<br />
o<br />
2.<br />
a<br />
<strong>as</strong><br />
Oplophorus spinosus Oplophorus gracilirostris<br />
a. lateral view (male) b. lateral view<br />
(after Chace, 1940a) (after Kensley, 1972)
Family Oplophoridae 133
4^<br />
3<br />
Janicella spinicauda 0<br />
Acanthephyra purpurea<br />
©<br />
sr<br />
o<br />
-t<br />
a.<br />
b. lateral view (young male)<br />
a. lateral view (male)<br />
(after Chace, 1940a)<br />
(after Chace, 1940a)<br />
Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis<br />
c. lateral view (male)<br />
(after Chace, 1940a)
Family Oplophoridae 135
•S3<br />
85<br />
3<br />
«ST<br />
O<br />
•w<br />
o<br />
*e<br />
o<br />
•t<br />
a
Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae<br />
Genus Leptochela Stimpson, 1860<br />
Key to species<br />
I Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae 137<br />
1. Sixth abdominal somite bearing movable lappet near anterior end of dorsal surface;<br />
third pereopod with exopod reaching nearly or quite to end of ischium<br />
L. carinata<br />
Sixth abdominal somite lacking dorsal lappet; third pereopod with exopod not<br />
nearly reaching distal end of ischium 2<br />
2. (1) Suborbital angle dentate; orbital margin serrate dorsolaterally L. serratorbita<br />
Suborbital angle rounded, unarmed; orbital margin usually entire dorsolaterally.... 3<br />
3. (2) Fifth abdominal somite with 1-3 low prominences on dorsal margin... L. papulata<br />
Fifth abdominal somite regularly convex or nearly straight in lateral view<br />
L. bermudensis
Leptochela serratorbita<br />
Leptochela carinata<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
a. left third pereopod (male)<br />
d. right third pereopod<br />
b. anterior region, lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />
e. anterior region, lateral view<br />
c. abdomen (ovigerous female)<br />
f. anterior part of carapace and eyes, dorsal<br />
view<br />
(after Chace, 1976)<br />
(after Chace, 1976)<br />
Leptochela bermudensis<br />
Leptochela papulata<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
g. anterior region, lateral view (holotype<br />
ovigerous female)<br />
j. anterior region, lateral view<br />
h. abdomen (holotype ovigerous female)<br />
k. abdomen<br />
1. posterior end of sixth abdominal somite<br />
i. fifth abdominal somite, lateral view (paratype<br />
ovigerous female)<br />
(after Chace, 1976)<br />
(after Chace, 1976)
Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae 139<br />
s
4^.<br />
O<br />
•5"<br />
sr
Family Brcsiliidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| Adapted from Chace and Brown, 19781<br />
Family Bresiliidae 141<br />
Rostrum armed ventrally with at le<strong>as</strong>t 1 small tooth; third maxilliped with terminal<br />
segment slender, not flattened; first pereopod no longer than second, with elongate<br />
fingers Pseudocheles chacei<br />
Rostrum unarmed ventrally; third maxilliped with terminal segment broad, flattened;<br />
first pereopod longer than second, fingers short and stout Disci<strong>as</strong><br />
Genus Disci<strong>as</strong> Rathbun, 1902<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Wilson and Gore, 1979]<br />
Second abdominal somite with posterior dorsal spine D. serratirostris<br />
Abdominal somites without dorsal spines (rostrum narrow with subparallel<br />
margins) D. atlanticus
3<br />
Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanticus<br />
Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostris<br />
female:<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
c. lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
d. anterior carapace, dorsal view<br />
b. first three abdominal somites, lateral view<br />
(after Gore and Wilson, 1978)<br />
(after Wilson and Gore, 1979)<br />
Pseudocheles chacei<br />
e. lateral view<br />
(after Kensley, 1983)
Family Bresiliidae 143
4^<br />
4^<br />
f
Families Eugonatonotidae/Rhynchocinetidae 145<br />
Family Eugonatonotidac<br />
Genus Eugonatonotus Schmitt, 1926<br />
A well-developed toothed rostrum immovable; exopods present on pereopods (first<br />
two pairs of pereopods chelate, with dark fingertips; ultimate segment of second<br />
maxilliped applied <strong>as</strong> strip along side of penultimate segment; exopod of first<br />
maxilliped with distinct flagellum; first chela more robust than second; carpus of<br />
second chela entire) ... Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus<br />
Family Rhynchocinetidae<br />
Genus Rhynchocinetes H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Rostrum movable; no exopods on pereopods (first two pairs of pereopods chelate,<br />
with dark fingertips; ultimate segment of second maxilliped applied <strong>as</strong> strip along<br />
side of penultimate segment; exopod of first maxilliped with distinct flagellum; first<br />
chela more robust than second; carpus of second chela entire)<br />
Rhynchocinetes rigens
-fet<br />
<strong>as</strong><br />
*n<br />
Rhynchocinetes rigens<br />
Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus<br />
H<br />
c<br />
ara<br />
o<br />
s<br />
w<br />
b. lateral view<br />
a. lateral view<br />
©<br />
s<br />
o<br />
a<br />
»<br />
(after Gordon, 1936)<br />
(after Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927)<br />
A<br />
SO<br />
3rs<br />
s*<br />
c<br />
Rhynchocinetes rigens<br />
c. rostrum (juvenile 2.5 mm)<br />
& same (ovigerous female, carapace<br />
length, excluding rostrum, 3.9 mm)<br />
e. same (juvenile, carapace length,<br />
excluding rostrum, 3.4 mm)<br />
f. same (male, carapace length, excluding<br />
rostrum, 6.8 mm)<br />
(after Manning, 1961a)
Families Eugonatonotidae/Rhynchocinetidae 147
00<br />
w<br />
e<br />
ore<br />
o<br />
s<br />
»<br />
o<br />
3<br />
©<br />
a<br />
s<br />
rs<br />
O
Family Gnathophyllidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Family Gnathophyllidae 149<br />
Anterolateral angle of carapace not reaching beyond level of antennal spine; spines<br />
on distal margin of telson not very unequal; third maxilliped with exopod<br />
considerably overreaching endopod; second pereopod with carpus broader than<br />
long; 3 posterior pereopods with dactyli nearly <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long, not bifid<br />
Gnathophylloides mineri<br />
Anterolateral angle of carapace reaching distinctly beyond level of antennal spine;<br />
intermediate spines on distal margin of telson nearly twice, or more than twice, <strong>as</strong><br />
long <strong>as</strong> median pair; third maxilliped with exopod not overreaching endopod;<br />
second pereopod with carpus distinctly longer than broad; 3 posterior pereopods<br />
with dactyli distinctly longer than broad and bifid Gnathophyllum<br />
Genus Gnathophyllum Latreille, 1819<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Posterior tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on rostrum anterior to level of orbital<br />
margin; color pattern composed of transverse stripes G. americanum<br />
Posterior tooth of rostral series situated on carapace posterior to level of orbital<br />
margin; color pattern composed of spots 2<br />
2. (1) Pereopods slender, propodus of third and fourth pairs 12-15 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide;<br />
color pattern composed of dark rings on slightly lighter background .G. circellum<br />
Pereopods not usually slender, propodus of third and fourth pairs 7-8 times <strong>as</strong> long<br />
<strong>as</strong> wide; color pattern composed of innumerable light dots on dark background<br />
(posterior pair of lateral telson spines separated by distinct gap from series of<br />
posterior spines; stylocerite falling short of level of articulation between first and<br />
second segments of antennular peduncle) G. modestum
Gnathophyllum circellum<br />
Gnathophyllum americanum<br />
c. outline of body, lateral view<br />
a. lateral view<br />
d. third pereopod<br />
b. rostrum<br />
(after Manning, 1963)<br />
(after Manning, 1963)<br />
Gnathophylloides mineri<br />
Gnathophyllum modestum<br />
h. carapace, lateral view<br />
e. anterior portion of carapace, lateral view<br />
i. telson and left uropods<br />
f. third pereopod<br />
j. third maxilliped<br />
g. telson and left uropods<br />
k. first pereopod<br />
(after Manning, 1963)<br />
1. major chela<br />
(after Schmitt, 1935a)
urniily (inathophyllidae 151
152 Family Palaemonidae<br />
Family Palaemonidae<br />
Key to genera<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Third maxilliped with well-developed exopod. 2<br />
Third maxilliped without exopod . 12<br />
2. (1) Rostrum armed dorsally with series of prominent teeth 3<br />
Rostrum usually unarmed dorsally, at most with 1 or 2" subapical denticles .10<br />
3. (2) Carapace with hepatic spine on lateral surface far posterior to anterior margin 4<br />
Carapace without hepatic spine 7<br />
4. (3) Telson bearing 2 pairs of terminal spines and usually 1 or 2 pairs of setae. 5<br />
Telson bearing 3 pairs of terminal spines. 6<br />
5. (4) Three posterior pereopods with biunguiculate dactyli.<br />
Brachycarpus biunguiculatus<br />
Three posterior pereopods with dactyli simple, without accessory tooth on inferior<br />
margin Macrobrachium<br />
6. (4) Rostrum without lateral flange; carapace with antennal spine on anterior margin; 3<br />
posterior pereopods 7-segmented, ischium and merus distinct Periclimenes<br />
Rostrum with lateral flange; carapace without antennal spine on anterior margin; 3<br />
posterior pereopods 6-segmented, ischium and merus indistiriguishably fused.......<br />
Tuleariocaris neglecta<br />
7. (3) Carapace with antennal but without branchiostegal spine on or near anterior margin;<br />
telson with 3 pairs of terminal spines; second pereopods m<strong>as</strong>sive, unequal<br />
Periclimenaeus<br />
Carapace with both antennal and branchiostegal spines on or near anterior margin;<br />
telson with 2 pairs of terminal spines and 1 or 2 pairs of setae; second pereopods<br />
elongate, subequal....... 8<br />
8. (7) Carapace without branchiostegal groove ventral to antennal spine; endopod of first<br />
pleopodof male with accessory appendix — .Leander<br />
Carapace with branchiostegal groove; endopod of first pleopod of male entire,<br />
without accessory appendix 9<br />
9. (8) Mandible with palp.......... Palaemon<br />
Mandible without palp Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes
Family Palaemonidae 153<br />
10. (2) Scaphocerite rudimentary. Typ ?n<br />
Scaphocerite well developed 11<br />
11. (10) Telson elongate with no dorsal spines; outer margin of uropodal exopod ending in<br />
two spines, inner spine movable , Pontoniopsis paulae<br />
Telson rather broad, generally with <strong>large</strong> dorsal spines; <strong>one</strong> tooth at distal end of<br />
outer margin of uropodal exopod Pontonia<br />
12. (1) Rostrum not expanded laterally in b<strong>as</strong>al portion; strongly dentate both dorsally and<br />
ventrally .. Anchistioides antiguensis<br />
Rostrum with eavelike expansions over orbits; unarmed ventrally 13<br />
13. (12) Second maxilliped with well-developed exopod. Veleroniopsis kimallynae<br />
Second maxilliped without exopod 14<br />
14. (13) Carapace with hepatic spine on lateral surface far posterior to anterior margin<br />
Lipkebe holthuisi<br />
Carapace without hepatic spine 15<br />
15. (14) B<strong>as</strong>al expansions of rostrum anteriorly acuminate; carapace with longitudinal<br />
groove extending almost entire length near lateral margin; abdomen with pleura of at<br />
le<strong>as</strong>t fourth and fifth somites posterolaterally acuminate<br />
Pseudocoutierea antillensis<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al expansions of rostrum evenly convex, not acuminate; carapace without<br />
longitudinal groove near lateral margin; abdomen with pleura of all 5 anterior<br />
somites rounded Neopontonides beaufortensis
154 Family Palaemonidae<br />
Genus Leander E. Desmarest, 1849<br />
Key to species<br />
Lateral extension of anterior margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment convex; stylocerite<br />
short, barely reaching to middle of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment; scaphocerite slender<br />
in both sexes; rostrum shallow in both sexes; fingers of second pereopod armed....<br />
L. paulensis<br />
Lateral extension of anterior margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment concave or<br />
straight; stylocerite may reach to distal third of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment;<br />
scaphocerite slender in male, but broader and tapering less rapidly to apex in<br />
female; rostrum shallow in mature male, but very deep in mature female; fingers of<br />
second pereopod unarmed L. tenuicornis<br />
Genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1888<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Carpi of second pereopods with maximum length <strong>as</strong> great or greater than meri 2<br />
Carpi of second pereopods distinctly shorter than meri 4<br />
2. (1) Palms of chelae on second pair of pereopods greatly swollen; prehensile surfaces of<br />
noticeably gaping fingers thickly set with long, stiff setae M. olfersii<br />
Palms of chelae on second pair of pereopods cylindrical, not greatly swollen;<br />
fingers not noticeably gaping but may be hairy .• 3<br />
3. (2) Fingers of chelae on second pair of pereopods thickly pubescent throughout length;<br />
rostrum with teeth extending to tip M. acanthurus<br />
Fingers of chelae on second pair of pereopods with scattered hairs, except thicker<br />
on fingers along cutting edges; rostrum with toothless daggerlike tip... M. ohi<strong>one</strong><br />
4. (1) Adult male with chelae of second pereopods equal in shape M. carcinus<br />
Adult male with chelae of second pereopods very unequal in shape and size; smaller<br />
pereopods with fingers gaping, gap being filled by stiff hairs, implanted on cutting<br />
edges M. crenulatum
Genus Palaemon Weber, 1795<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Holthuis, 1952]<br />
Family Palaemonldae 155<br />
Rostrum high, ventral margin with 3 or 4 teeth; fingers of second pereopods 2/3<br />
length of palm or shorter.. P. northropi<br />
Rostrum slender, ventral margin with 5 to 7 teeth; fingers of second pereopods<br />
more than 2/3 length of palm P. floridanus<br />
Genus Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes Heller, 1869<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Holthuis, 1952, and Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Fused part of two rami of upper antennular flagellum distinctly longer than free part<br />
(branchiostegal spine situated on anterior margin of carapace, just below<br />
branchiostegal groove; posterior pair of dosal spines of telson placed midway<br />
between anterior pair and posterior margin of telson) P. paludosus<br />
Fused part of two rami of upper antennular flagellum shorter than or <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> free<br />
part 2<br />
2. (1) Rostrum with 2 teeth of dorsal series behind posterior margin of orbit, teeth<br />
reaching to tip, 3 to 5 ventral teeth; carpus of second pereopod in adult female<br />
shorter than palm, in male slightly longer (1.1 times) or shorter; dactylus of second<br />
pereopod with 2 teeth, immovable finger with 1 tooth on cutting edge P. vulgaris<br />
Rostrum with only 1 tooth of dorsal series behind posterior margin of orbit; carpus<br />
of second pereopod in adult female much longer than palm (1.3-1.5 times), in male<br />
almost <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> whole chela; dactylus of second pereopod with or without single<br />
tooth, fixed finger without tooth on cutting edge 3<br />
3. (2) Rostrum with dorsal teeth reaching to often bifurcate tip, 4 or 5, seldom 3, ventral<br />
teeth; dactylus of second pereopod with tiny and sometimes blunt tooth<br />
P. intermedins<br />
Both margins of rostrum with unarmed stretch before dagger-shaped tip, 2 to 5,<br />
generally 3, ventral teeth; fingers of second pereopod without teeth on cutting edge .<br />
'...'.P. pugio
Family Palaemonidae<br />
Genus Periclimenaeus Borradaile 1915<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Telson with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising from anterior fourth of segment.. 2<br />
Telson with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising at end of anterior third of segment<br />
or posterior thereto 8<br />
2. (1) Movable finger of major chela of second pereopod extending distinctly beyond tip<br />
of immovable finger P. chacei<br />
Movable finger of major chela of second pereopod extending very slightly beyond<br />
or reaching to tip of immovable finger 3<br />
3. (2) Telson with 3 pairs of distal spines inserted in continuous line 4<br />
Telson with lateral pair of distal spines inserted distinctly anterior to intermediate<br />
and mesial pairs 6<br />
4. (3) Rostrum with ventral tooth; carapace with small denticle or sharp tubercle posterior<br />
to orbit; scaphocerite with anterolateral tooth distinctly overreaching blade<br />
P. caraibicus<br />
Rostrum unarmed ventrally; carapace without postorbital denticle; scaphocerite with<br />
anterolateral tooth not overreaching blade ..5<br />
5. (4) Third maxilliped with 2 distal segments broad, penultimate about two and <strong>one</strong>-half<br />
times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; first pereopod with movable finger tapering to tip, not<br />
strongly convex, carpus about <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong>-third times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela; minor<br />
second pereopod with movable finger elongate, not semicircular ...P. <strong>as</strong>cidiarum<br />
Third maxilliped with 2 distal segments unusually slender, penultimate about five<br />
times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; first pereopod with movable finger strongly convex, carpus<br />
about <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong> half times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela; minor second pereopod with movable<br />
finger short and broad, nearly semicircular P. pearsei<br />
6. (3) Major second pereopod with <strong>large</strong> tooth on opposable margin of immovable finger<br />
fitting into cavity in movable finger; minor second pereopod with fingers longer<br />
thanpalm P. bermudensis<br />
Major second pereopod with <strong>large</strong> tooth on opposable margin of movable finger<br />
fitting into cavity in immovable finger; minor second pereopod with fingers much<br />
shorter than palm 7<br />
7. (6) First pereopod unusually long and slender, carpus nearly twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela<br />
..P. perlatus<br />
First pereopod not abnormally long or slender, carpus less than <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong>-half<br />
times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela (rostrum with 10-12 dorsal teeth; telson with posterior pair of<br />
dorsal spines arising from posteror half of segment) P. wilsoni
Family Palaemonidae 157<br />
8. (1) Scaphocerite without anterolateral tooth; third pereopod with dactylus bifid •.<br />
P. schmitti<br />
Scaphocerite with anterolateral tooth; third pereopod without distinct accessory<br />
tooth on inferior margin of dactylus 9<br />
9. (8) Rostrum with 4 dorsal teeth; scaphocerite with <strong>large</strong> anterolateral tooth reaching<br />
about to level of distal margin of blade P. atlanticus<br />
Rostrum with 1 or 2 dorsal teeth; scaphocerite with small anterolateral tooth falling<br />
far short of level of distal margin of blade P. maxillulidens
158 Family Palaemonidae<br />
Genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Antennular peduncle with only 1 spine at distolateral angle of b<strong>as</strong>al segment (in<br />
addition to stylocerite) 2<br />
Antennular peduncle with 2 or more spines at distolateral angle of b<strong>as</strong>al segment (in<br />
addition to stylocerite) 9<br />
2. (1) Carapace with anterior margin unarmed (antennal spine absent; third pereopod with<br />
distinctly biunguiculate dactylus) P. longicaudatus<br />
Carapace armed with antennal spine below suborbital lobe 3<br />
3. (2) Fifth abdominal pleuron with posteroventral angle pointed; telson with anterior pair<br />
of dorsal spines arising about <strong>one</strong>-third of length from b<strong>as</strong>e of segment;<br />
scaphocerite with distal spine overreaching distal margin of blade . P. americanus<br />
Fifth abdominal pleuron with posteroventral angle rounded; telson with anterior pair<br />
of dorsal spines arising at, or posterior to, midlength of segment; scaphocerite with<br />
distal spine rarely reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal margin of blade, usually falling far short.<br />
4<br />
4. (3) Third abdominal somite strongly produced posteromesially into laterally<br />
compressed hump 5<br />
Third abdominal somite sometimes moderately produced posteromesially but never<br />
forming laterally compressed hump 6<br />
5. (4) Third pereopod with dactylus simple and considerably more than <strong>one</strong>-third <strong>as</strong> long<br />
<strong>as</strong>propodus P. magnus<br />
Third pereopod with dactylus distinctly biunguiculate and not more than <strong>one</strong>-fourth<br />
<strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> propodus (carapace with hepatic spine usually arising at, or posterior to,<br />
level of posterior tooth of rostral series; carpus of major second pereopod usually<br />
more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela) P. pedersoni<br />
6. (4) Rostrum elongate, more than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> maximum height, <strong>one</strong> or more of<br />
ventral teeth prominent (first pereopod with carpus not noticeably longer than chela;<br />
sixth abdominal somite less than twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> fifth and shorter than telson;<br />
scaphocerite with blade far overreaching distal spine; second pereopod with fingers<br />
slightly more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm, carpus about <strong>one</strong>-fifth <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela)<br />
P. pandionis<br />
Rostrum subtriangular in lateral view, less than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> maximum<br />
height, ventral teeth inconspicuous or absent 7
Family Palaemonidae 159<br />
7. (6) Telson with dorsal spines rather <strong>large</strong> and distinct; major second pereopod witl<br />
fingers no more than <strong>one</strong>-fourth <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm P. harringioni<br />
Telson with dorsal spines minute and inconspicuous; major second pereopod with<br />
fingers more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm 8<br />
8. (7) Sixth abdominal somite about twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> fifth and longer than telson; telson<br />
with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising at about midlength of segment; major<br />
second pereopod with movable finger not perceptibly stouter than immovable finger<br />
P. iridescens<br />
Sixth abdominal somite slightly more than half again <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> fifth and shorter<br />
than telson; telson with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising at le<strong>as</strong>t two-thirds of<br />
length from b<strong>as</strong>e of segment; major second pereopod with movable finger usually<br />
stout, nearly twice <strong>as</strong> high <strong>as</strong> immovable finger P. rathbunae<br />
9. (1) Posterior tooth of rostral series far removed from second tooth and from posterior<br />
margin of orbit; third pereopod with dactyl us deeply biunguiculate P. yucatanicus<br />
Posterior tooth of rostral series not widely separated from second tooth, situated<br />
slightly posterior or anterior to level of orbital margin; third pereopod with dactylus<br />
simple or very obscurely biunguiculate (scaphocerite less than twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong><br />
broad; major second pereopod with fingers less than <strong>one</strong>-fourth <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm)....<br />
..P. perryae
160 Family Palaemonidae<br />
Genus Pontonia Latreille, 1829<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Carapace pubescent, cervical groove well marked; major second pereopod with<br />
<strong>large</strong> rounded tooth on movable finger fitting into completely enclosed socket in<br />
immovable finger P. unidens<br />
Carapace not pubescent, without cervical groove; en<strong>large</strong>d tooth on movable finger<br />
of major second pereopod, if present, triangular and fitting into shallow, partially<br />
open socket in immovable finger , 2<br />
2. (1) Telson with dorsal spines minute, inconspicuous P. domestica<br />
Tel son with dorsal spines well developed (three posterior pereopods with dactyli<br />
stout, inferior margin convex) P. margarita
Genus Typton Costa, 1844<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Family Palaemonidae 161<br />
1. Telson with posterior pair of dorsal spines arising anterior to midpoint of segment;<br />
exopod of uropod with outer margin serrate in distal portion ......... T. prionurus<br />
Telson with posterior pair of dorsal spines arising at, or posterior to, midpoint of<br />
segment; exopod of uropod with outer margin entire, not serrate distally 2<br />
2. (1) Antennal spine broad, toothlike in lateral view, not spiniform; both second<br />
pereopods with movable fingers highly arched, nearly semicircular; major second<br />
pereopod with carpus crenulate on proximal portion of angulate margin T. tortugae<br />
Antennal spine strong, spiniform; second pereopods with movable fingers only<br />
moderately convex, not nearly semicircular; major second pereopod with carpus not<br />
crenulate on angulate margin 3<br />
3. (2) Anterior margin of carapace produced anteriorly to level of tip of antennal spine;<br />
exopod of uropod with outer margin rather regularly convex throughout 4<br />
Anterior margin of carapace less produced, not nearly reaching level of tip of<br />
antennal spine; exopod of uropod with outer margin nearly straight in distal half.. 5<br />
4. (3) Rostrum deepest near midlength, ventral margin forming obtuse angle in lateral<br />
view; mandible with well-developed incisor process; third pereopod with dactylus<br />
bearing small accessory tooth on inferior margin, not clearly symmetrically bifid ....<br />
T. carneus<br />
Rostrum not deepening near midlength, ventral margin straight or convex; mandible<br />
without incisor process; third pereopod with datylus bearing <strong>large</strong> accessory tooth<br />
on inferior margin, nearly symmetrically bifid T. gnathophylloides<br />
5. (3) Mandible with incisor process well developed and distally crenulate, molar process<br />
tapering distally; major second pereopod with movable finger bluntly hammershaped,<br />
not noticeably twisted T. vulcan us<br />
Mandible with incisor process reduced to low angulate unarmed lobe, molar<br />
process not tapering distally; major second pereopod with movable finger forming<br />
pointed hook twisted into plane nearly perpendicular to that of palm<br />
T. distin ctus
Leander tenuicornis<br />
Leander paulensis<br />
e. rostrum and anterior portion of carapace<br />
(adult female)<br />
mature female:<br />
a. rostrum and anterior portion of carapace<br />
f. second pereopod<br />
b. second pereopod<br />
g. scaphocerite (adult female)<br />
c. scaphocerite<br />
h. antennular peduncle (adult female)<br />
& antennular peduncle<br />
(e, g, h, after Manning, 1961b; f, after Holthuis,<br />
1952)<br />
(after Manning, 1961b)
Family Palaemonidae 163
4*<br />
•53"<br />
3<br />
Macrobrachiumacanthurus<br />
Macrobrachium olfersu<br />
b. lateral view sr<br />
(6<br />
3<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952) |<br />
a. lateral view<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />
Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Macrobrachium ohi<strong>one</strong><br />
& lateral view<br />
c. lateral view<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)
Family Palaemonidae 165
J<br />
-Os<br />
<strong>as</strong><br />
••S3<br />
85<br />
3<br />
ST<br />
»<br />
3<br />
o<br />
a<br />
Macrobrachium crenulatum<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
b. major second pereopod (adult male)<br />
c. minor second pereopod (adult male)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)
Family Palaemonidae 167
•00<br />
B<br />
Palaemon ftoridanus<br />
Palaemon northropi<br />
c. lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />
b. second pereopod<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)
Family Palaemonidae 169
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes vulgaris<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes paludosus<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. second pereopod (female)<br />
b. antennule<br />
f. second pereopod (male)<br />
c. telson<br />
g. fingers of second pereopod (female)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes pugio<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermedins<br />
j. anterior region, lateral view<br />
h. anterior region, lateral view<br />
k. fingers of second pereopod (female)<br />
i. fingers of second pereopod (female)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1952)
Family Palaemonidae 17.1<br />
i ^
Periclimenaeus caraibicus<br />
Periclimenaeus chacei<br />
e. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. carapace, lateral view (male)<br />
f. antenna<br />
b. anterior portion of chela (male)<br />
g. major second pereopod<br />
c. telson and left pair of uropods<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
d. second pereopod (male)<br />
(after Abele, 1971)<br />
Periclimenaeus pearsei<br />
Periclimenaeus <strong>as</strong>cidiarum<br />
1. carapace, lateral view<br />
h. anterior region, lateral view<br />
m. minor second pereopod<br />
i. major second pereopod, outer view<br />
ri. first pereopod<br />
j. minor second pereopod<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
k. third maxilliped<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)
Family Palaemonidae 173
Periclimenaeus perlatus |<br />
Periclimenaeus bermudensis<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view
Family Palaemonidae 175
Periclimenaeus maxillulidens<br />
Periclimenaeus atlanticus<br />
e. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. rostrum<br />
f. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
b. scaphocerite<br />
g. antennule and antenna<br />
c. third pereopod<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
d. same, dactylus<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)
Family Palaemonidae 177
Periclimenes americanus<br />
Periclimenes longicaudatus<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. second pereopod<br />
b. third pereopod<br />
f. scaphocerite<br />
c. antennule<br />
g. antennule<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
Periclimenes pedersoni<br />
Periclimenes magnus<br />
male:<br />
h. anterior region, lateral view<br />
1. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
i. second pereopod<br />
m. lateral view<br />
j. third pereopod<br />
n. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
k. antennule and scaphocerite<br />
(after Chace, 1958)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)
Family Palaemonidne 179
Periclimenes harringtoni<br />
Periclimenes pandionis<br />
f. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
g. first pereopod<br />
b. first pereopod<br />
h. scaphocerite<br />
c. second pereopod<br />
i. major second pereopod<br />
d. scaphocerite<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
e. antennule<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
Periclimenes rathbunae<br />
Periclimenes iridescent<br />
m. anterior region of carapace<br />
j. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
n. major second pereopod<br />
k. anterior region, lateral view<br />
o. antenna<br />
1. major second pereopod<br />
p. telson<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
(after Schmitt, 1924a)
^ 5 5 3<br />
Family Palaemonidae 181
00<br />
Periclimenes perryae<br />
Periclimenes yucatanicus<br />
c. antennule<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
d. carapace, lateral view<br />
b. same, dorsal view<br />
e. scaphocerite<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
(after Chace, 1942a)
O<br />
Family Palaemonidae 183
Pontonia domestica<br />
Pontonia unidens<br />
c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. fingers of major second pereopod, inner view<br />
d. minor second pereopod<br />
b. chela of major second pereopod, outer view<br />
e. telson<br />
(after Kingsley, 1880)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
Pontonia margarita<br />
f. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
g. third pereopod<br />
h. telson<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)
Family Palaemonidae 185
Typton tortugae<br />
Typton prionurus<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. major second pereopod<br />
b. major second pereopod<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
c. telson and left uropods<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
Typton gnathophylloides<br />
Typton carneus<br />
i. anterior region, lateral view<br />
f. anterior region, lateral view<br />
j. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
g. major second pereopod<br />
k. telson and right uropods<br />
h. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)
Family Palaemonidae 187
Typton distinctus<br />
Typton vulcanus<br />
holotype ovigerous female:<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
b. telson and right uropods<br />
e. major second pereopod<br />
c. major second pereopod<br />
f. same, fingers<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
g. mandible<br />
(after Ghace, 1972)
-i 1<br />
^<br />
r o<br />
Family Palaemonidae 189
Brachycarpus biunguiculatus<br />
Anchistioides antiguensis<br />
d. carapace and rostrum, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. third pereopod<br />
b. third maxilliped<br />
f. same, dactylus<br />
e. second pereopod<br />
g. antennule<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
h. telson<br />
(after Schmitt, 1939)<br />
Neopontonides beaufortensis<br />
Lipkebe holthuisi<br />
1. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
m. same, lateral view<br />
i. anterior region, lateral view<br />
n. third maxilliped<br />
j. same, dorsal view<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />
k. telson and uropods<br />
(after Chace, 1969)
Family Palaemonidae 191
Pseudocoutierea antillensis<br />
Pontoniopsis paulae<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
a. lateral view<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
b. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. abdomen, posterior part<br />
c. telson and uropods<br />
f. right third maxilliped<br />
(after Gore, 1981)<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
Veleroniopsis Mmallynae<br />
Tuleariocaris neglecta<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
1. dorsal view<br />
h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
m. second maxilliped<br />
i. second pereopod<br />
n. third maxilliped<br />
j. same, chela<br />
(after Gore, 1981)<br />
k. rostrum and anterior region of carapace<br />
(after Chace, 1969)
Family Palaemonidae 193
Family Alpheidae<br />
Family Alpheidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Movable plate at posterolateral angle of sixth abdominal somite 2<br />
No movable plate at posterolateral angle of sixth abdominal somite 3<br />
2. (1) Rostrum lacking; antennular peduncle long and slender, stylocerite closely<br />
appressed to b<strong>as</strong>al segment; exopod of uropod distally truncate (telson with convex<br />
distal margin; first chelipeds carried with chela flexed against merus, opposable<br />
margins of fingers of major chela dentate) Leptalpheus forceps<br />
Rostral projection present; antennular peduncle short and stout, stylocerite well<br />
separated from b<strong>as</strong>al segment; exopod of uropod distally rounded (first chelipeds<br />
carried extended) AIpheopsis<br />
3. (1) Eyes completely exposed dorsally; movable finger of major first chela without<br />
molar-like tooth fitting into socket in immovable finger., Automate<br />
Eyes concealed from all but anteroventral view by deflexed frontal margin of<br />
carapace; movable finger of major first chela usually provided with <strong>large</strong> molar-like<br />
tooth fitting into socket in immovable finger 4<br />
4. (3) Posterior margin of carapace without "cardiac notch" at b<strong>as</strong>e of branchiostegite;<br />
exopod of uropod without transverse suture (rostral projection lacking, front<br />
unarmed; antepenultimate segment of third maxilliped normal, not unusually<br />
expanded; epipods present on at le<strong>as</strong>t 2 anterior pairs of pereopods) Thunor simus<br />
Posterior margin of carapace with "cardiac notch"; exopod of uropod with<br />
transverse suture 5<br />
5. (4) Pereopods without epipods; second pleopod of male without appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina<br />
(front tridentate; antepenultimate segment of third maxilliped normal, not unusually<br />
expanded; dactyli of 3 posterior pereopods biunguiculate) Synalpheus<br />
Epipods present on at le<strong>as</strong>t 2 anterior pairs of pereopods; second pleopod of male<br />
with appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina 6<br />
6. (5) Labrum and mandible not unusually en<strong>large</strong>d; antepenultimate segment of third<br />
maxilliped not unusually expanded; fourth pereopod with m<strong>as</strong>tigobranch epipod;<br />
appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina normal, not reaching distal end of either endopod or exopod of<br />
male second pleopod Alpheus<br />
Labrum greatly swollen and enveloped by expanded incisor process of mandible;<br />
antepenultimate segment of third maxilliped broadened to form partial operculum<br />
over anterior mouthparts; fourth pereopod without m<strong>as</strong>tigobranch epipod; appendix<br />
m<strong>as</strong>culina greatly en<strong>large</strong>d and elongate, overreaching distal ends of both endopod<br />
and exopod of second pleopod Metalpheus rostratipes
Genus Alpheopsis Couttere, 1896<br />
Key to species<br />
Family Alpheidae 195<br />
Anterior region of carapace with rostrum and ocular teeth (chela with longitudinal <strong>as</strong><br />
well <strong>as</strong> transverse groove) A. trispinosus<br />
Anterior region of carapace without ocular teeth (carpus of second pereopod with<br />
first segment about <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> combined lengths of second and third segments)<br />
,. .• A. lahix
196 Family Alpheidae<br />
Genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Frontal region evenly convex dorsally, adrostral depressions lacking; fingers of<br />
minor first chela strongly curved in vertical plane (rostrum short, subrectangular,<br />
not elevated in midline; ocular hoods subrectangular, frontal margin broadly<br />
tridentate; major first chela subcylindrical, without marginal notches on palm;<br />
proximal article of carpus of second pereopod longer than second segment; third<br />
and fourth pereopods with dactylus biunguiculate, merus without distal tooth on<br />
inferior margin, ischium without movable spine on lateral surface)<br />
A. cylindricus<br />
Ocular hoods mesially delimited by adrostal depressions or furrows; fingers of<br />
minor first chela not noticeably curved in vertical plane 2<br />
2. (1) Rostrum dorsally flat, at le<strong>as</strong>t in distal portion; ocular hood armed with spine<br />
arising from surface of hood, not from margin, although appearing marginal in A.<br />
malleator because of receding ventral portion of hood (adrostral furrows sharply<br />
defined and partially delimited posteriorly; marginal lobe or projection between<br />
rostrum and ocular hood; proximal segment of carpus of second pereopod longer<br />
than second segment) 3<br />
Rostrum either rounded or carinate in dorsal midline, not flat; ocular spine, if<br />
present, arising from margin of hood 5<br />
3. (2) Spine on ocular hood arising from mesial slope, overhanging adrostral furrow; meri<br />
of third and fourth pereopods armed with distal tooth on inferior margin (fingers of<br />
minor chela of male not "balaeniceps"-shaped; third and fourth pereopods with<br />
simple dactyli and movable spine on lateral surfaces of ischia. Small tooth or<br />
tubercle in midline of carapace in line with posterior limits of adrostral furrows;<br />
palm of major first chela with superior and inferior margins entire, not notched,<br />
immovable finger notched on opposable margin distal to socket; distolateral spine<br />
on exopod of uropod dark-colored in male) A. armatus<br />
Spine on ocular hood arising from anterior slope, overhanging frontal margin; meri<br />
of third and fourth pereopods unarmed at distal end of inferior margin (immovable<br />
finger of major first chela notched on opposable margin distal to socket; distolateral<br />
spine on exopod of uropod dark-colored in male) 4
Family Alpheidae 197<br />
4. (3) Ventrolateral tooth on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennal peduncle not overreaching<br />
stylocerite; scaphocerite lacking prominent tooth or lobe near proximal end of ouier<br />
margin; merus of first pereopod with distal tooth on mesial inferior margin; palm of<br />
major first chela with both superior and inferior margins entire, not notched;<br />
movable finger of minor first chela laterally and mesially carinate, densely setose,<br />
"balaeniceps"-shaped in both males and females; third and fourth pereopods with<br />
dactyli simple, ischia with movable spines on lateral surfaces; distolateral spine on<br />
exopod of uropod dark-colored in both male and female.. A. formosus<br />
Ventrolateral tooth on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennal peduncle distinctly overreaching<br />
stylocerite; scaphocerite with prominent curved tooth or lobate projection near<br />
proximal end of outer margin; merus of first pereopod without distal tooth on<br />
inferior margin; palm of major first chela notched superiorly; minor first chela not<br />
"balaeniceps"-shaped in either male or female; third and fourth pereopods with<br />
dactyli biunguiculate, ischia unarmed; distolateral spine on exopod of uropod darkcolored<br />
in male only A. malleator<br />
5. (2) Ocular hoods spined (adrostral furrows not abruptly delimited posteriorly;<br />
scaphocerite without <strong>large</strong> tooth or lobe near proximal end of lateral margin)....... 6<br />
Ocular hoods not spined (third and fourth pereopods with simple dactyli) 10<br />
6. (5) Merus of first pereopod with sharp distal tooth on mesial inferior margin; third and<br />
fourth pereopods with dactyli not distinctly biunguiculate (meri of third and fourth<br />
pereopods without distal teeth on inferior margins) 7<br />
Merus of first pereopod without distinct sharp tooth at distal end of inferior margin;<br />
third and fourth pereopods with dactyli distinctly biunguiculate 9<br />
7. (6) Third and fourth pereopods with inconspicuous denticles on inferior margins of<br />
dactyli, ischia without movable spines on lateral surfaces A. websteri<br />
Third and fourth pereopods without accessory denticle on inferior margins of<br />
dactyli, ischia with movable spines on lateral surfaces 8<br />
8. (7) Major first chela twisted and bearing single distinct sharp teeth on distal ends of<br />
both lateral and mesial surfaces of palm A. amblyonyx<br />
Major first chela not twisted and not bearing sharp teeth on distal ends of both<br />
lateral and mesial surfaces of palm A. thom<strong>as</strong>i<br />
9. (6) Third and fourth pereopods without distal teeth on inferior margins of meri<br />
A. candei<br />
Third and fourth pereopods with distal teeth on inferior margins of meri<br />
A. pe<strong>as</strong>ei
198 Family Alpheidae<br />
10. (5) Men of third and fourth pereopods with prominent acute teeth at distal ends of<br />
inferior margins (lobe on frontal margin between rostrum and ocular hood; major<br />
first chela subcylindrical, without superior or inferior notches; merus of first<br />
pereopod with tooth at distal end of mesial inferior margin; immovable finger of<br />
major first chela with notch in opposable margin distal to socket; proximal segment<br />
of carpus of second pereopod shorter than second segment; third and fourth<br />
pereopods with movable spines on lateral surfaces of ischia) A. cristulifrons<br />
Men of third and fourth pereopods with distal ends of inferior margins rounded or<br />
rectangular, not produced into prominent teeth 11<br />
11. (10) Major first chela notched superiorly 12<br />
Major first chela with superior and inferior margins entire, not notched (major first<br />
cheliped with tooth at distal end of mesial inferior margin of merus; immovable<br />
finger of major chela with notch in opposable margin distal to socket; minor first<br />
chela of male not "balaeniceps"-shaped; third and fourth pereopods with movable<br />
spines on lateral surfaces of ischia) 19<br />
12. (11) Major first chela not notched inferiorly (ocular hoods subtriangularly produced<br />
anteriorly; inferior margin of major first chela with shallow sinus at b<strong>as</strong>e of<br />
immovable finger) A. normanni<br />
Major first chela notched inferiorly 13<br />
13. (12) Third and fourth pereopods with movable spines on lateral surfaces of ischia 14<br />
Third and fourth pereopods without spines on ischia 17<br />
14. (13) Merus of first pereopod unarmed at distal end of mesial inferior margin; dactyli of<br />
third and fourth pereopods usually subspatulate 15<br />
Merus of first pereopod armed with sharp tooth at distal end of mesial inferior<br />
margin; dactyli of third and fourth pereopods not subspatulate 16<br />
15. (14) Major chela with inferior margin of immovable finger distinctly truncate distally;<br />
minor first chela of male not "balaeniceps"-shaped A. estuariensis<br />
Major chela with inferior margin of immovable finger more evenly rounded distally,<br />
not distinctly truncate; minor first chela of male "balaeniceps"-shaped<br />
A. heterochaelis<br />
16. (14) Adrostral furrows usually abruptly delimited posteriorly; immovable finger of<br />
major first chela without V-shaped notch in opposable margin distal to socket<br />
A. armillatus<br />
Adrostral furrows not abruptly delimited posteriorly; immovable finger of major<br />
first chela with sharply V-shaped notch in opposable margin distal to socket<br />
A. viridari
Family Alpheidae 199<br />
17. (13) Minor first chela with fingers slightly, if at all, more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm;<br />
proximal segment of carpus of second pereopod much shorter than second segment<br />
(fingers of minor first chela not "balaeniceps"-shaped in male) A. schmitti<br />
Minor first chela with fingers about <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm; proximal segment of carpus of<br />
second pereopod longer than second segment 18<br />
18. (17) Movable finger of major first chela regularly and highly arched throughout length of<br />
superior margin; fingers of minor first chela "balaeniceps"-shaped in male; second<br />
segment of carpus of second pereopod subequal to fifth segment in length<br />
A. bouvieri<br />
Movable finger of major first chela not strongly convex in proximal part of superior<br />
margin; fingers of minor first chela not "balaeniceps"-shaped in male; second<br />
segment of carpus of second pereopod distinctly longer than fifth segment<br />
A. nuttingi<br />
19. (11) Rostrum dorsally carinate or subcarinate; proximal segment of carpus of second<br />
pereopod shorter than second segment; dactyli of third and fourth pereopods<br />
subspatulate A. floridanus<br />
Rostrum dorsally convex, not subcarinate; proximal segment of carpus of second<br />
pereopod longer than second segment; dactyli of third and fourth pereopods not<br />
subspatulate A. paracrinitus
200 Family Alpheidae<br />
Genus A utotnate De Man, 1888<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Median frontal projection broadly rounded or subtriangular; propodi of third and<br />
fourth pereopods armed with series of stout movable spines on inferior margin<br />
(first segment of carpus of second pereopod at le<strong>as</strong>t half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> second segment;<br />
dactyli of third and fourth pereopods slender, not subspatulate) A. gardineri<br />
Median frontal projection reduced to acute tooth or lacking; propodi of third and<br />
fourth pereopods setose, without stout spines 2<br />
2. (1) Median frontal projection a small acute tooth; first segment of carpus of second<br />
pereopod much less than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> second segment; dactyli of third and fourth<br />
pereopods broad, subspatulate ..A. evermanni<br />
Frontal margin transverse, without median projection; first segment of carpus of<br />
second pereopod at le<strong>as</strong>t half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> second segment; dactyli of third and fourth<br />
pereopods slender, not subspatulate A. rectifrons
Genus Synalpheus Bate, 1888<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972, and Dardeau, 1984]<br />
Family Alpheidae 201<br />
1. Stylocerite not overreaching b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle (except in S.<br />
macclendoni and S. paraneptunus); movable finger of minor first-chela with<br />
prominent fringe of long, distally curved hairs on superior surface (reduced to<br />
single longitudinal row in S. paraneptunus) 2<br />
Stylocerite distinctly overreaching b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle; movable<br />
finger of minor first chela with scattered tufts of straight hairs but without<br />
prominent fringe on superior surface (scaphocerite with well-developed blade,<br />
lateral spine considerably exceeding that of b<strong>as</strong>icerite in length) 14<br />
2. (1) Both pairs of dorsal spines of telson arising in posterior of segment (ocular hoods<br />
blunt, broader than long) S. heardi<br />
Anterior or both pairs of dorsal spines of telson arising in anterior of segment 3<br />
3. (2) Both pairs of dorsal spines of telson arising in anterior of segment (carapace not<br />
distinctly produced at anteroventral angle and not carinate in dorsal midline<br />
posterior to b<strong>as</strong>e of rostrum; cardiac notch not well marked; ocular teeth acute, <strong>as</strong><br />
broad <strong>as</strong> long but not much broader than rostrum; b<strong>as</strong>icerite not produced dorsally;<br />
major first chela twisted, immovable finger short, not reaching nearly <strong>as</strong> far distally<br />
<strong>as</strong> does movable finger; palm of major first chela armed with sharp distal spine;<br />
movable finger of minor first chela strongly tridentate in lateral view) S. pectiniger<br />
Posterior pair of dorsal spines of telson arising in posterior of segment 4<br />
4. (3) Carpus of second pereopod composed of 4 segments 5<br />
Carpus of second pereopod composed of 5 segments 6<br />
5. (4) B<strong>as</strong>icerite with strong dorsal spine S. rathbunae<br />
B<strong>as</strong>icerite unarmed dorsally S. agel<strong>as</strong><br />
6. (4) Exopod of uropod with 1 fixed tooth on outer margin, sometimes at distolateral<br />
angle just lateral to movable spine, sometimes distinctly removed from distolateral<br />
angle (b<strong>as</strong>icerite not produced dorsally) .7<br />
Exopod of uropod with 2 or more fixed teeth on outer margin at, and proximal to,<br />
distolateral angle 10<br />
7. (6) Scaphocerite with well-developed blade (fingers of minor first chela not bidentate<br />
distally) 8<br />
Scaphocerite without blade (ocular teeth distinctly broader than rostrum; stylocerite<br />
not reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal end of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment) 9
202 Family Alplieidae<br />
8. (7) Ocular teeth slender, not much broader than rostrum; first abdominal pleuron of<br />
male without hooklike tooth; stylocerite slightly overreaching distal end of b<strong>as</strong>al<br />
antennal segment; major first chela not noticeably twisted, armed with stout spine at<br />
distal end of palm S. mcclendoni<br />
Ocular teeth stout, distinctly broader than rostrum; first abdominal pleuron of male<br />
armed with hooklike tooth; stylocerite not reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal end of b<strong>as</strong>al<br />
antennal segment; major first chela twisted, palm terminating distally in spine-tipped<br />
lobe S. sanctithomae<br />
9. (7) Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite not reaching tip of scaphocerite (ocular teeth at le<strong>as</strong>t <strong>as</strong><br />
long <strong>as</strong> broad; dorsal spines of telson arising from dorsal surface; major first chela<br />
not strongly twisted, palm sharply spinous distally; fingers of minor first chela<br />
subequally bidentate distally; third pereopod without flanges on merus and carpus).<br />
S. brooksi<br />
Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite reaching nearly to, or beyond, tip of scaphocerite (fingers<br />
of minor first chela bidentate distally; ocular teeth with lateral margins straight or<br />
slightly concave; telson with lateral margins nearly straight; antennular peduncle<br />
stout, overreaching scaphocerite by about half of distal segment, stylocerite broad).<br />
S. bousfieldi<br />
10. (6) Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite reaching nearly to, or beyond, tip of scaphocerite (fingers<br />
of minor first chela subequally bidentate distally) 11<br />
Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite falling considerably short of tip of scaphocerite (palm of<br />
major first chela terminating distally in tubercle armed distally or distoventrally with<br />
small, sharp tooth) 12<br />
11. (10) Ocular teeth subacute, only slightly broader than rostrum; palm of major first chela<br />
terminating distally in acute projection 5. herricki<br />
Ocular teeth rounded, much broader than rostrum; palm of major first chela<br />
terminating distally in tubercle armed distoventrally with small, sharp tooth<br />
S. pandionis<br />
12. (10) B<strong>as</strong>icerite rounded or obtuse dorsally (movable finger of major first chela barely<br />
overreaching normal immovable finger) S. longicarpus<br />
B<strong>as</strong>icerite rectangular or acute dorsally ....13<br />
13. (12) Movable finger of minor first chela broadly tridentate distally in extensor <strong>as</strong>pect;<br />
exopod of uropod armed with 3 or 4 fixed teeth and 1 or 2 movable spines at distal<br />
end of outer margin .....5. paraneptunus<br />
Movable finger of minor first chela simple or bidentate distally; exopod of uropod<br />
armed with 8-17 fixed teeth on outer margin (scaphocerite with blade; distal tubercle<br />
on palm of major first chela armed distally) S. goodei
Fam ily Alpheidae 203<br />
14. (1) Ocular teeth triangular, not much broader than rostrum, not tapering to slender,<br />
sharp tips 15<br />
Ocular teeth elongate, much broader than rostrum, tapering to slender, sharp tips. 17<br />
15. (14) Rostrum with well-developed ventral process preventing corne<strong>as</strong> of eyes from<br />
touching; palm of major first chela unarmed distally; merus of third pereopod short<br />
and broad, less than two and <strong>one</strong> half times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad .... S. curacaoensis<br />
Ventral process of rostrum vestigial or lacking, not preventing corne<strong>as</strong> of eyes from<br />
touching; palm of major first chela with distal tooth or spine; merus of third<br />
pereopod about four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad 16<br />
16. (15) Lateral surface of palm of major chela with 2 broad and sinuous lateral lobes, in<br />
addition to sharp superior tooth S. minus<br />
Lateral surface of palm of major chela with narrow, prominent unarmed projection<br />
between superior tooth and 2 broad lateral lobes 5. brevicarpus<br />
17. (14) Dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with distal tooth on inferior margin<br />
distinctly divergent from axis of segment and much broader than superior tooth,<br />
inferior margin with prominence proximal to distal tooth (b<strong>as</strong>icerite strongly<br />
spinous dorsally) 18<br />
Dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with terminal teeth subparallel, no<br />
prominence on inferior margin proximal to distal tooth 19<br />
18. (17) Proximal prominence on inferior margin of dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods<br />
low and obtuse S. fritzmuelleri<br />
Proximal prominence on inferior margin of dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods<br />
<strong>large</strong> and sharp S. hemphilli<br />
19. (17) B<strong>as</strong>icerite unarmed dorsally; distal spine on palm of major first chela straight<br />
S. townsendi<br />
B<strong>as</strong>icerite armed dorsally with strong spine (palm of major first chela armed distally<br />
with curved spine; merus of third pereopod unarmed; dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods with distal tooth on inferior margin narrower than superior tooth)<br />
S. apioceros
Alpheopsis labis<br />
Alpheopsis trispinosus<br />
female:<br />
male:<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. anterior part of carapace, dorsal view<br />
b. left major chela, outer view<br />
f. right first pereopod<br />
c. telson and uropods, dorsal view<br />
g. left second pereopod<br />
(after Gore, 1981)<br />
(after Chace, 1972)
Family Alpheidae 205
Alpheus armatus<br />
Alpheus cylindricus<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
e. major first pereopod, outer view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
f. third pereopod<br />
b. major chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />
(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />
c. minor chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />
Alpheus malledtor<br />
Alpheus form<strong>as</strong>us<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
i. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
h. major first pereopod, outer view<br />
j. major chela of first pereopod, outer<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)
Family Alpheidae 207
Alpheus amblyonyx<br />
Alpheus websteri<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
a. lateral view<br />
b. anterior region, lateral view<br />
(after Rankin, 1898, <strong>as</strong> A. nigro-spinatus)<br />
c. major first pereopod<br />
d. right third pereopod<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
MpWeus candei<br />
Alpheus thotn<strong>as</strong>i<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. anterior region, dorsal view (female)<br />
h. major chela of first pereopod, inner view<br />
f. major chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />
(male)<br />
i. merus of third pereopod<br />
(after Hendrix and Gore, 1973)<br />
j. dactylus of fifth pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1910)
Family Alpheidae 209
O<br />
Alpheus crisiulifrotis |<br />
Alpheus pe<strong>as</strong>ei<br />
male: ><br />
•ST<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view 2.<br />
<strong>as</strong><br />
e. third pereopod<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
b. right third pereopod<br />
c. left major first pereopod<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />
(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />
Alpheus estuariensis<br />
Alpheus normanni<br />
h. third pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />
f. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
i. anterior region, dorsal view (ovigerous<br />
female)<br />
g. major first pereopod, outer view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
j. major first pereopod, outer view (male)<br />
(after Christoffersen, 1984)
Family Alpheidae 211
Alpheus atmillatus<br />
Alpheus heterochaelis<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
e. major first pereopod, inner view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
f. minor first pereopod, inner view (male)<br />
b. minor chela of first pereopod<br />
(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />
c. major first pereopod, inner view<br />
(after Christoffersen, 1984)<br />
Alpheus schmitti<br />
Alpheus viridari<br />
male:<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
h. minor first pereopod, outer view<br />
k. right third pereopod<br />
i. major first pereopod, outer view<br />
1. right second pereopod<br />
(after Armstrong, 1949)<br />
m. minor first pereopod, outer view<br />
(after Chace, 1972)
Family Alpheidae 213<br />
w:
Alpheus nuttingi<br />
Alpheus bouvieri<br />
e. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view (female)<br />
f. second pereopod<br />
b. second pereopod (female)<br />
g. minor chela of first pereopod, inner<br />
c. minor chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />
(male)<br />
h. major first pereopod, inner view<br />
(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />
d. major chela of first pereopod, inner view<br />
(female)<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />
Alpheus paracrinitus<br />
Alpheus floridanus<br />
female:<br />
i. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
1. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
j. major first pereopod, outer view<br />
m. second pereopod<br />
k. second pereopod<br />
n. major first pereopod, inner view<br />
(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)
^ ^ t r ^ ^<br />
Family Alpheidae 215
Automate evermanni<br />
Automate gardineri<br />
e. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view (female)<br />
f. first pereopod<br />
b. left first pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />
g. third pereopod<br />
c. left second pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />
(e, f, after Rathbun, 1901; g, after<br />
Holthuis, 1951a)<br />
d. left third pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />
(afterChace, 1972)<br />
Automate rectifrons<br />
female:<br />
h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
i. right second pereopod<br />
j. right third pereopod<br />
(afterChace, 1972)
Family Alpheidae 217
Synalpheus pectiniger<br />
Synalpheus heardi<br />
e. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
f. telson and left uropods<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
g. fingers of minor first pereopod (male)<br />
b. right minor first pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
c. telson and uropods<br />
d. major first pereopod, outer view<br />
(after Dardeau, 1984)<br />
Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong><br />
Synalpheus rathbunae<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
k. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
h. major chela of first pereopod<br />
1. telson and uropods<br />
i. second pereopod<br />
m. left second pereopod<br />
j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
(after Dardeau, 1984)<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)
Family Alpheidae 219
Synalpheus sanctithomae<br />
Synalpheus mcclendoni<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
e. major chela of first pereopod (male)<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
b. abdomen<br />
c. fingers of left first pereopod<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
Synalpheus bousfieldi<br />
Synalpheus brooksi<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
f. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />
h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
g. fingers of minor first pereopod<br />
i. telson and uropods<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
j. right first pereopod<br />
(after Chace, 1972)
Family Alpheidae 221<br />
^J
Synalpheus pandionis<br />
Synalpheus herricki<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. major first pereopod<br />
b. left uropodal exopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
c. major first pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
Synalpheus paraneptunus<br />
Synalpheus longicarpus<br />
h. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />
f. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />
i. finger of minor first pereopod<br />
g. major first pereopod<br />
j. right uropodal exopod (male)<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)
Family Alphcidae 223
Synalpheus curacaoensis<br />
Synalpheus goodei<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />
e. right third pereopod<br />
b. left uropodal exopod (male)<br />
f. chela of right first pereopod<br />
c. major first pereopod<br />
(after Schmitt, 1924a)<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
Synalpheus brevicarpus<br />
Synalpheus minus<br />
j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
k. major first pereopod<br />
h. major first pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
i. third pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)
\x<br />
Family Alpheidae 225
Synalpheus hemphilli<br />
Synalpheus ftitzmuelleri<br />
d. third pereopod<br />
SL. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
b. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
c. major chela of first pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
Synalpheus apioceros<br />
Synalpheus townsendi<br />
i. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
f. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
j. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
g. major chela of first pereopod<br />
k. major chela of first pereopod<br />
h. dactylus of third pereopod<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />
(after Coutiere, 1909)
Family Alpheidae 227
Metalpheus rostratipes<br />
Leptalpheus forceps<br />
male:<br />
female:<br />
c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
d. major first pereopod, outer view<br />
b. major first pereopod<br />
e. mandible, inner view<br />
(after Williams, 1965b)<br />
f. same, outer view<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />
Thunor simus<br />
g. telson and uropods (male)<br />
h. carapace, lateral view<br />
(g, after Chace, 1972; h, after<br />
Armstrong, 1949)
Family Alpheidae 229
230 Family Hippolytidae<br />
Family Hippolytidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Holthuis, 1955, and Chace, 1972]<br />
1. Arthrobranchs present at b<strong>as</strong>es of first four pairs of pereopods<br />
Merhippolyte americana<br />
B<strong>as</strong>es of pereopods without arthrobranchs 2<br />
2. (1) Carpus of second pereopod subdivided into more than 7 segments, multiarticulate...<br />
Carpus of second pereopod subdivided into no more than 7 segments 5<br />
3. (2) Dactyli of third, fourth, and fifth pereopods simple, spines on inferior margin<br />
inconspicuous Exhippolysmata oplophoroides<br />
Dactyli of third, fourth, and fifth pereopods appearing biungulate because of series<br />
of prominent spines on inferior margin 4<br />
4. (3) Supraorbital spines present on carapace Bythocaris nana<br />
Supraorbital spines absent .. .. Lysmata<br />
5. (2) Third segment of antennular peduncle bearing subtriangular movable plate<br />
overhanging b<strong>as</strong>e of flagellum dorsally; carpus of second pereopod composed of 6<br />
or 7 segments Thor<br />
Antennular peduncle without movable plate overhanging b<strong>as</strong>e of flagellum; carpus<br />
of second pereopod composed of 2 or 3 segments 6<br />
6. (5) Rostrum with deep ventral blade projecting posteroventrally at posterior end<br />
between b<strong>as</strong>es of an tennules 7<br />
Ventral lobe of rostrum, if present, not projecting posteroventrally near b<strong>as</strong>e 8<br />
7. (6) Lateral surface of carapace smooth, not spinose; mandible without palp; carpus of<br />
second pereopod composed of 3 segments Latreutes<br />
Lateral surface of carapace bearing numerous appressed spines; mandible with 2segmented<br />
palp; carpus of second pereopod composed of 2 segments<br />
Trachycaris restrictus<br />
8. (6) Supraorbital tooth present; third maxilliped with exopod Hippolyte<br />
Supraorbital tooth absent; third maxilliped without exopod Tozeuma<br />
3
Genus Hippolyte Leach, 1814<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Family Hippolytidae 231<br />
1. Lateral spine on carapace branchiostegal, overreaching anterior margin; tergum of<br />
fifth abdominal somite armed with pair of strong posterior spines; telson with both<br />
pairs of dorsolateral spines situated in posterior third of segment; scaphocerite with<br />
blade and distolateral spine about equally advanced; dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods terminating in 2 strong distal spines (rostrum usually with single,<br />
inconspicuous tooth on dorsal and ventral margins; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular<br />
peduncle armed with prominent distolateral spine) H. coerulescens<br />
Lateral spine on carapace hepatic, not nearly reaching anterior margin in adults;<br />
tergum of fifth abdominal somite unarmed; telson with anterior pair of distolateral<br />
spines situated near midlength of segment; scaphocerite with blade reaching far<br />
beyond distolateral spine; dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods terminating in<br />
either 1 or 3 strong distal spines 2<br />
2. (1) Rostrum usually unarmed dorsally (rarely with 1 or 2 prominent dorsal teeth);<br />
dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods terminating in single distal spine (b<strong>as</strong>al<br />
segment of antennular peduncle unarmed distally) H. nicholsoni<br />
Rostrum usually armed with 2-4 strong teeth on dorsal margin; dactyli of 3<br />
posterior pairs of pereopods terminating in 3 strong distal spines 3<br />
3. (2) Rostrum usually armed with 3 or 4 strong teeth on dorsal margin and with strong<br />
lateral carina in proximal third of length; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle<br />
armed with 1-3 strong distolateral spines H. curacaoensis<br />
Rostrum usually armed with 2 (rarely 1 or 3) strong teeth in proximal half of dorsal<br />
margin and without distinct lateral carina; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle<br />
unarmed distally 4<br />
4. (3) Rostrum not overreaching antennular peduncle in adult females, barely<br />
overreaching b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment in males H. pleuracanthus<br />
Rostrum distinctly overreaching antennular peduncle in adult females, extending<br />
nearly <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal margin of second antennular segment in males H. zostericola
232 Family Hippolytidae<br />
Genus Latreutes Stimpson, 1860<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Carapace and rostrum unarmed dorsally except for single, small, median spine on<br />
g<strong>as</strong>tric region; rostrum an elongate blade nearly <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace ...L. fucorum<br />
Carapace strongly humped and armed dorsally with 5 or 6 spiniform teeth; rostrum<br />
deep ovoid blade, shorter than carapace L. parvulus
Genus Lysmata Risso 1816<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Family Hippolytidae 233<br />
1. Scaphocerite overreaching antennular peduncle slightly, if at all (rostrum with 4-6<br />
ventral teeth; antennal tooth distinct from depressed and obscure ventral angle of<br />
orbit; carapace with pterygostomian tooth on anteroventral margin; stylocerite<br />
falling far short of distal margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment; distal tooth of<br />
scaphocerite distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; exopod of third<br />
maxilliped reaching at le<strong>as</strong>t to midlength of antepenultimate segment; carpus of<br />
second pereopod composed of 17-23 segments) .. L. amboinensis<br />
Scaphocerite distinctly overreaching antennular peduncle (exopod of third<br />
maxilliped reaching to, or beyond, midlength of antepenultimate segment) 2<br />
2. (1) Antennal tooth fused with ventral angle of orbit; stylocerite reaching beyond distal<br />
margin of b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle; accessory branch of dorsolateral<br />
antennular flagellum well developed (2 to 4 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on<br />
carapace posterior to level of orbital margin; carapace with pterygostomian tooth on<br />
anteroventral margin; scaphocerite more than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide, distal<br />
tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; carpus of second pereopod<br />
composed of 28-30 segments) L. intermedia<br />
Antennal tooth distinct from depressed and obscure ventral angle of orbit;<br />
stylocerite falling far short of distal margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment; accessory<br />
branch of dorsolateral antennular flagellum vestigial or absent 3<br />
3. (2) Rostrum usually reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong>, or beyond, distal end of antennular peduncle;<br />
scaphocerite five times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide L. rathbunae<br />
Rostrum reaching not much, if at all, beyond second segment of antennular<br />
peduncle; scaphocerite less than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide L. wurdemanni
234 Family Hippolytidae<br />
Genus Thor Kingsley, 1878<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. No vestige of supraorbital tooth; anterolateral margin of carapace faintly angular,<br />
with microscopic branchiostegal tooth; distal margin of telson armed typically with<br />
4 pairs of spines; endopod of first pleopod of functional males with mesial margin<br />
sparsely setose; appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina (not including setae) of functional males falling<br />
short of distal end of endopod of second pleopod; <strong>as</strong>sociated with sea anem<strong>one</strong>s<br />
(merus of first pereopod unarmed in distal half of inferior margin; eggs not very<br />
<strong>large</strong>, incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.48 to 0.70 mm)<br />
T. amboinensis<br />
Supraorbital tooth represented by obtuse prominence; anterolateral margin of<br />
carapace rounded, unarmed; distal margin of telson armed with 3 pairs of spines;<br />
endopod of first pleopod of functional males with mesial margin densely setose;<br />
appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina (not including setae) of functional males reaching nearly to, or<br />
beyond, distal end of endopod of second pleopod; not usually <strong>as</strong>sociated with sea<br />
anem<strong>one</strong>s 2<br />
2. (1) Merus of first pereopod armed with 1 or 2 spines in distal half of inferior margin<br />
(dactyli of fourth and fifth pereopods commonly armed with 5—not usually 4 or 6~<br />
spinules on inferior margin proximal to distal pair of spines; eggs not very <strong>large</strong>,<br />
incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.36 to 0.74 mm)..<br />
T. dobkini<br />
Merus of first pereopod unarmed in distal half of inferior margin 3<br />
3. (2) Dactyli of fourth and fifth pereopods commonly armed with 4 or 5 (rarely 3 or 6)<br />
spinules on inferior margin proximal to distal pair of spines; eggs <strong>large</strong> and few,<br />
incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.66 to 1.40 mm<br />
T. floridanus<br />
Dactyli of fourth and fifth pereopods commonly armed with 3 (sometimes 2 or 4)<br />
spinules on inferior margin proximal to distal pair of spines; eggs not very <strong>large</strong>,<br />
incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.36 to 0.73 mm<br />
T. manningi
Genus Tozeuma Stimpson, 1960<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Family Hippolytidae 235<br />
1. Third abdominal somite bearing long rodlike dorsal projection recurved posteriorly<br />
and bidentate distally; third maxilliped with each of 2 distal segments short, slightly<br />
longer than broad, distal segment tapering throughout to narrow truncate tip; carpus<br />
of second pereopod with proximal segment subequal in length to combined lengths<br />
of 2 distal segments; dactyli of 3 posterior pereopods without accessory spinules on<br />
inferior margin (rostrum unarmed dorsally) T. cornutum<br />
Third abdominal somite not surmounted by recurved projection in adults; third<br />
maxilliped with each of 2 distal segments elongate, at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad,<br />
distal segment with subparallel margins nearly to distal extremity; carpus of second<br />
pereopod with proximal segment slightly more than four-fifths <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> combined<br />
lengths of 2 distal segments; dactyli of 3 posterior pereopods with row of accessory<br />
spinules on inferior margin 2<br />
2. (1) Rostrum unarmed dorsally T. carolinense<br />
Rostrum armed with series of teeth both dorsally and ventrally T. serratum
Hippolyte nicholsoni<br />
Hippolyte coerulescens<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
female:<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. orbital region<br />
b. right antenna<br />
f. abdomen<br />
c. abdomen<br />
g. left third pereopod<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
h. same, dactylus<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
Hippolyte pleuracanthus<br />
Hippolyte curacaoensis<br />
female:<br />
female:<br />
1. anterior region, lateral view<br />
i. anterior region, lateral view<br />
m. rostrum<br />
j. right antennule<br />
n. right antennule<br />
k. abdomen<br />
o. abdomen<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
(after Chace, 1972)
Family Hippolytidae 237
to<br />
•53<br />
i<br />
f<br />
Hippolyte zostericola<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
b. right antennule<br />
c. abdomen<br />
(after Chace, 1972)
Family Hippolytidae 239
©<br />
©<br />
Latreutes parvulus<br />
Latreutes fucorum<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
a. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />
b. lateral view<br />
(after Bate, 1888, <strong>as</strong> L. ensiferus)<br />
c. carapace, lateral view<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951a)
Family Hippolytidae 241
Lysmata intermedia<br />
Lysmata amboinensis<br />
b. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. lateral view<br />
c. carapace, lateral view<br />
(after Limbaugh et al.,. 1961)<br />
d. second pereopod<br />
(after Sivertsen, 1933)<br />
Lysmata wurdemanni<br />
Lysmata rathbunae<br />
h. anterior region, lateral view<br />
male:<br />
i. antennal scale<br />
e. anterior region, lateral view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
f. orbital region<br />
g. right antenna<br />
(after Chace, 1970)
Family Hippolytidae 243
Thor dobkini<br />
Thor amboinensis<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
e. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. rostrum<br />
f. rostrum<br />
b. anterior region, lateral view<br />
g. right first pereopod<br />
c. telson and uropods<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
d. posterior end of telson<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
Thor manningi<br />
Thor floridanus<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
k. rostrum<br />
h. anterior region, lateral view<br />
1. anterior region, lateral view<br />
i. rostrum<br />
m. fourth pereopod<br />
j. right first pereopod<br />
n. same, dactylus<br />
(after Chace, 1972)<br />
(after Chace, 1972)
Family Hippolytidae 245
to<br />
I<br />
)<br />
^<br />
Family Hippolytidae 247
Exhippolysmata oplopkoroides<br />
Bythocaris nana<br />
f. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />
b. carapace, lateral view<br />
c. second pereopod<br />
d. third pereopod<br />
e. same, dactylus<br />
(from Abele's personal drawing)<br />
Trachycaris restrictus<br />
Merhippolyte americana<br />
j. lateral view<br />
g. anterior region, lateral view<br />
k. mandible<br />
h. mandible<br />
1. second pereopod<br />
i. posterior part of abdomen<br />
(after Holthuis, 1949b)<br />
(after Holthiris, 1961)
Family Hippolytidae 249
3<br />
-o
Family Ogyrididae<br />
Genus Ogyrides Stebbing, 1914<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Ogyrididae 251<br />
Single movable spine behind rostrum on middorsal line. O. hayi<br />
Postrostral crest with 3 to 14 small, fixed spines. O. alphaerostris
Ogyrides alphaerostris<br />
b. carapace and anterior appendages, lateral view<br />
Ogyrides hayi<br />
a. carapace and anterior appendages, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Fain<br />
ily ORyritlldae 253
25^ Family Processitfae<br />
Family Prpcessidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
1. First pereopods similar, both chelate (first pereopods without exopods; second<br />
pereopQds equal) Ambidexter symmetricus<br />
First pereopods dissimilar, <strong>one</strong> (usually right) chelate, other with simple unopposed<br />
dactylus 2<br />
2. (1) First pereopod with exopod Nikoides schmitti<br />
First pereopod without exopod Processa
Genus Processa Leach, 1815<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Family Processidae 255<br />
1. Pleuron of fifth abdominal somite with sharp tooth near posteroventral angle<br />
(antenna! spine present) 2<br />
Pleuron of fifth abdominal somite with posteroventral margin entire, without<br />
projecting tooth ....3<br />
2. (1) Eye twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> scaphocerite; third pereopod overreaching scaphocerite by<br />
length of dactylus andpropodus only P. fimbriata<br />
Eye less than <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong>-half times <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> scaphocerite; third pereopod<br />
overreaching scaphocerite by length of dactylus, propodus, and most of carpus<br />
P. riveroi<br />
3. (1) Antennal spine lacking 4<br />
Antennal spine present 5<br />
4. (3) Ventral margin of rostrum only slightly concave in distal half; second pereopods<br />
unequal, right with 19-29 carpal segments, left with 13-15 . • P. bermudensis<br />
Ventral margin of rostrum markedly concave in distal half; second pereopods equal,<br />
with 10-14 carpal segments P. vicina<br />
5. (3) Second pereopods equal, with 10 carpal segments; merocarpal articulation of right<br />
not extending beyond scaphocerite P. hemphilli<br />
Second pereopods very unequal, merocarpal articulation of right extending<br />
considerably beyond scaphocerite 6<br />
6. (5) Posterior lobe of sixth abdominal somite, dorsal to uropodal articulation, armed<br />
with sharp tooth P. profunda<br />
Posterior lobe of sixth abdominal somite unarmed P. guyanae
Processa riveroi<br />
Processa fimbriata<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
male:<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. rostrum<br />
b. margin of fifth abdominal pleuron<br />
f. right third pereopod<br />
c. rostrum<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />
Processa vicina<br />
Processa bermudensis<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
k. anterior region, lateral view<br />
g. anterior region, lateral view<br />
1. rostrum<br />
h. rostrum<br />
m. right second pereopod<br />
i. left second pereopod<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />
j. right second pereopod<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971)
Family Processidae 257
Processa profunda<br />
Processa hemphilli<br />
male:<br />
female:<br />
d. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
e. abdomen<br />
b. rostrum<br />
(after Manning and Chaee, 1971)<br />
c. right second pereopod<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />
Processa guyanae<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
f. distal portion of rostrum<br />
g. anterior region, lateral view<br />
h. right fifth pereopod<br />
i. abdomen<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971, <strong>as</strong> P. tenuipes)
Family Processidae 259
Nikoides schmitti<br />
Ambidexter symmetricus<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
e. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
f. right first pereopod<br />
b. left first pereopod<br />
g. rostrum<br />
c. right first pereopod<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />
& rostrum<br />
(after Manning and Chace, 1971)
Family Processidae 26 I
262 Family Pandalidae<br />
Family Pandalidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Chace, 1985]<br />
1. Rostrum movably connected with carapace. Pantomus parvulus<br />
Rostrum not movable 2<br />
2. (1) Abdomen with third abdominal somite unarmed or with fixed postero-medial tooth;<br />
second maxilliped with terminal segment broader than long, applied <strong>as</strong> strip to distal<br />
margin of penultimate segment; appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina on second pleopod of male<br />
rather broad and profusely spinose Plesionika<br />
Abdomen with third somite bearing slender, b<strong>as</strong>ally articulated postero-medial spine<br />
or stout seta (sometimes lost); second maxilliped with terminal segment longer than<br />
broad, not applied <strong>as</strong> strip to distal margin of penultimate segment; appendix<br />
m<strong>as</strong>culina on second pleopod of male slender and sparsely spinose<br />
Stylopandalus richardi
Genus Plesionika Bate, 1888<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Pequegn.at, 1970]<br />
Family Pandalidae 263<br />
1. Epipods on at le<strong>as</strong>t first two pereopods .2<br />
No epipods on any of pereopods 6<br />
2 (1). Rostrum toothed dorsally for entire length .. 3<br />
Rostrum smooth dorsally for most of its length 5<br />
3. (2) Rostrum more than twice carapace length (rostrum with about 28 dorsal teeth, more<br />
widely spaced proximally than distally, and about 40 ventral teeth; carpi of l<strong>as</strong>t three<br />
pereopods less than twice length of propodi (epipods minute) P. edwardsii<br />
Rostrum less than twice carapace length 4<br />
4. (3) Rostrum short, reaching no further than distal end of scaphocerite (rostrum with 13-<br />
17 dorsal teeth and 3-8 small ventral teeth) P. acanthonotus<br />
Rostrum longer, reaching p<strong>as</strong>t scaphocerite (rostrum about equal in length to<br />
carapace, with 8-10 dorsal teeth, 2-4 of which are movable spines behind orbit and<br />
separated from remaining rostral teeth) P. tenuipes<br />
5. (2) Third abdominal somite with dorsal spine; 4-6 dorsal rostral teeth (2 or 3 behind<br />
orbit) plus <strong>one</strong> subapical tooth P. ensis<br />
Third abdominal somite not armed; 6-9 dorsal rostral teeth (3 or 4 behind orbit), no<br />
subapical tooth P. martia<br />
6. (1) Ultimate segment of third maxilliped distinctly shorter than penultimate<br />
P. escatilis<br />
Ultimate segment of third maxilliped subequal to penultimate P. longicauda
OS<br />
65<br />
3<br />
Plesionika acanthonotus<br />
Plesionika edwardsii<br />
85<br />
s<br />
b. anterior region, lateral view |<br />
a<br />
a. lateral view<br />
85<br />
(aftefHolthuis, 1951a)<br />
(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />
Plesiapika ensis<br />
\<br />
e. anterior region, lateral view<br />
Plesionika tenuipes<br />
c. carapace and rostrum, lateral view<br />
(afterJHolthuis, 1951a)<br />
d. posterior part of abdomen<br />
(after Thompson, 1963)
V<br />
Family Pnndalldae 265
3<br />
Plesionika escatilis<br />
Plesionika martia<br />
CO<br />
9<br />
a<br />
c. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />
a. anterior region, lateral view<br />
a<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973, <strong>as</strong> P. narvat)<br />
b. posterior part of abdomen<br />
(after Holthuis, 1951a)<br />
Plesionika longicauda<br />
d. rostrum<br />
(after Rathbun, 1901)
Family Pandalidae 267
Stylopandalus richardi<br />
Pantomus parvulus<br />
b. right second maxilliped (ovigerous female)<br />
a. lateral view<br />
c. posteromesial spine on third abdominal somite<br />
(ovigerous female)<br />
& right appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina and appendix interna,<br />
mesial <strong>as</strong>pect (male)<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards, 1883)<br />
(after Chace, 1985)
Family Pandalidae 269
o<br />
*=3<br />
P<br />
3<br />
65<br />
3<br />
a<br />
SL<br />
a<br />
65
Family Crangonidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Dardeau and Heard, 1983, and Chace, 1984]<br />
Family Crangonidae 27 1<br />
1. Second pereopods subequal in length to other pereopods 2<br />
Second pereopods much shorter than other pereopods 3<br />
2. (1) Carapace with 1 dorsal median spine Crangon septemspinosa<br />
Carapace with 2 to 4 dorsal median spines (sixth abdominal somite stout, expanded<br />
posterolaterally into prominent wing-like lobes or keels)<br />
Metacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />
3. (1) Eight branchiae on each side of body; apices of branchiae directed anteriorly<br />
(rostrum simple, not cleft apically, with 3 pairs of lateral teeth; median carina on<br />
carapace armed with 4 teeth; abdominal sterna unarmed)<br />
Parapontocaris caribbaea<br />
Six or seven branchiae on each side of body; apices of branchiae directed<br />
posteriorly , 4<br />
4. (3) Rostrum armed with 1 or 2 pairs of lateral teeth in posterior half of length; first<br />
pereopod with rudimentary exopod; hepatic spines present<br />
Pontophilus brevirostris<br />
Rostrum without lateral teeth in posterior half; first pereopod without trace of<br />
exopod; hepatic spines absent Philocher<strong>as</strong> gorei
Metacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />
Crangon septemspinosa<br />
o<br />
female:<br />
a. dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />
3<br />
o<br />
s<br />
a<br />
8S<br />
b. carapace, lateral view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />
Parapontocaris caribbaea<br />
& lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />
(after Dardeau and Heard, 1983)
Family Crangonldae 273
•«<br />
so<br />
9<br />
orq<br />
o<br />
S<br />
Phttocher<strong>as</strong> gorei<br />
Pontophilus brevirostris<br />
b. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />
a. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />
(after Dardeaii and Heard, 1983)<br />
(after Dardeau and Heard, 1983)
Family Crangonidae 275
ON<br />
O<br />
-t<br />
8S<br />
3<br />
o<br />
9
Family Glyphocrangonidae<br />
Family Glyphocrangonidae 277<br />
Genus Glyphocrangon A. Milne Edwards, 1881<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Holthuis, 1971]<br />
1. Anterior antennal carina formed of a row of tubercles; first abdominal somite with<br />
two transverse rows of tubercles between intermediate carinae G. spinicauda<br />
Anterior antennal carina absent; first abdominal somite usually with only single<br />
transverse row of tubercles, viz., along posterior margin .2<br />
2. (1) Anterior intermediate carina not ending in spine; posterior antennal and posterior<br />
lateral carinae bearing several blunt tubercles or teeth; anterior of two teeth on<br />
anterior lateral carina behind pterygostomian spine reaching to or beyond orbital<br />
margin G. longleyi<br />
Anterior intermediate carina ending in sharp spine; posterior antennal and posterior<br />
lateral carinae straight, without tubercles or teeth; anterior tooth of anterior lateral<br />
carina not reaching level of posterior margin of orbit G. haematonotus
Glyphocrangon longleyi<br />
Glyphocrangon spinicauda<br />
a<br />
c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
o<br />
d. sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />
b. sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />
!<br />
9<br />
(after Holthuis, 1971)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1971)<br />
Glyphocrangon haematonotus<br />
e. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
f. sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />
(after Holthuis, 1971)
Family Glyphocrangonidae 279
to<br />
i<br />
•S3<br />
O<br />
«5T<br />
•s<br />
sr<br />
o<br />
"1<br />
CO<br />
3<br />
Infraorder Stenopodidea<br />
Family Stenopodidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Burukovskii, 1983]<br />
Family Stenopodidae 281<br />
1. Body depressed; telson broad and lanceolate or retangular, terminating in three or<br />
five spines of equal size (sometimes without terminal spinule); endopod of uropod<br />
with <strong>one</strong> median dorsal crest Microprosthema semilaeve<br />
Body compressed; telson elongated, tip terminating in two strong spines,<br />
sometimes with small spinule between them; endopod of uropod with two dorsal<br />
crests, median crest strong and inner <strong>one</strong> weaker with several dorsal hairs 2<br />
2. (1) Carapace and abdomen densely covered with uniformly distributed stout spines,<br />
sometimes arranged in longitudinal rows; spines hard and anteriorly directed;<br />
ischium of third maxilliped with outer spinules Sten opus<br />
Abdomen without dorsal spines, sometimes with spinules near lateral margins of<br />
pleura; carapace with spines along posterior margin of cervical groove, often in<br />
parallel rows; spines erect, anteriorly directed, and pressed to surface of carapace;<br />
ischium of third maxilliped without outer spinules Odontozona libertae<br />
Genus Stenopus Latreille, 1819<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />
Rostrum unarmed ventrally; third abdominal somite without shield shaped boss;<br />
spines on terga of 3 posterior abdominal somites not arranged in transverse rows;<br />
scaphocerite unarmed laterally for considerable distance proximal to distolateral<br />
tooth and with 2 or 3 rows of spinules arising from dorsal surfaces .. S. hispidus<br />
Rostrum armed ventrally with 6 to 8 spines; third abdominal somite bearing lobate,<br />
shield-shaped boss on posteromesial part; spines on 3 posterior abdominal terga<br />
arranged in transverse rows; scaphocerite armed throughout distal two-thirds of<br />
lateral margin and without spinules on dorsal surface S. scutellatus
90<br />
to<br />
to<br />
3<br />
Stenopus scutellatus<br />
Stenopus hispidus<br />
3<br />
b. lateral view<br />
a. lateral view<br />
(after Limbaugh et al., 1961) g*<br />
(after Iimbaugh et al., 1961)<br />
Odontozona libertae<br />
Microprosthema semilaeve<br />
d. dorsal view (male holotype)<br />
c. scaphocerite, dorsal view<br />
(after Gore, 1981)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1946)
(/UJiHi«""n>i»„<br />
Family Stenopodidae 283<br />
O
GO-<br />
4^.<br />
•si;<br />
» -<br />
3;<br />
3<br />
a.
Infraorder Astacidea<br />
Family Nephropidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Holthuis, 1974]<br />
Family Nephropidae 285<br />
1. Eyes black, with pigment (carapace with longitudinal ridges behind cervical groove;<br />
series of lateral rostral spines extending backwards almost to cervical groove)<br />
Metanephrops binghami<br />
Eyes white, lacking pigment 2<br />
2. (1) Rostrum laterally compressed for <strong>large</strong>r part of its length, with dorsal and ventral<br />
but no lateral teeth; carapace with branchiostegal spine; body entirely covered by<br />
numerous closely placed and sharply pointed spinules; lateral margin of telson with<br />
6tol2spines Acanthacaris caeca<br />
Rostrum dorsoventrally depressed with lateral (and sometimes ventral) but without<br />
dorsal teeth; carapace without branchiostegal spine; body never uniformly covered<br />
with spinules, although granules may be present all over, or spinules may be placed<br />
on carapace; lateral margin of telson with at most 3 lateral spines; spines, if present,<br />
usually small and irregular Nephropsis aculeata
00<br />
<strong>as</strong><br />
Acanthacaris caeca g<br />
"9<br />
sr<br />
Metanephrops binghami<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
TEL<br />
»<br />
a<br />
b. dorsal view 3<br />
(after Manning, 1978)<br />
(after Manning, 1978)<br />
Nephropsis aculeate<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Manning, 1978)
Family Nephropidae 287
.00<br />
• 00<br />
65<br />
3<br />
at »<br />
•'58<br />
sr<br />
:-1<br />
-O<br />
'"2. ;<br />
S<br />
•»
Infraorder Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea<br />
Family Axiidae<br />
Key to species<br />
Family Axiidae 289<br />
First through third pereopods with no epipod and podobranch; dactyli of third<br />
through fifth pereopods biungulate; rostrum triangular, margins unarmed<br />
Coralaxius abelei<br />
First through third pereopods with epipod and podobranch; dactyli of third through<br />
fifth pereopods simple; rostrum triangular, margins dentate Axiopsis<br />
Genus Axiopsis Borradaile, 1903<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
1. No middorsal keel at posterior border of carapace A. serratifrons<br />
Middorsal keel at posterior border of carapace 2<br />
2. (1) Short middorsal trench present, extending from cervical groove; telson bearing<br />
median spine on posterior margin A. hirsutimana<br />
Short middorsal trench absent; telson without median spine on posterior margin<br />
A. oxypleura
Axiopsis hirsutimana w<br />
to<br />
g<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view =<br />
e. posterior margin of carapace and first three 5<br />
abdominal somites, lateral view a<br />
Axiopsis serratifrons<br />
a. anterior region of carapace, dorsal view<br />
(male)<br />
b. major cheliped (female)<br />
f. telson and uropods<br />
c. third and fourth abdominal pleura,<br />
lateral view (male)<br />
(after Boesch and Smally, 1972)<br />
(after De Man, 1925)<br />
Coralaxius abelei<br />
Axiopsis oxypleura<br />
j. dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
(after Kensley and Gore, 1981)<br />
g. lateral view<br />
h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
i. telson and uropods<br />
(after Williams, 1974c)
Family Axiidae 291
SO<br />
><br />
a<br />
•••»
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from de Saint Laurent and Le Loeuff, 1979]<br />
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 293<br />
Dorsal surface of carapace with raised oval area; third maxilliped always lacking<br />
exopod or with exopod vestigial; uropodal exopod with antero-dorsal lobe; fifth<br />
pereopod chelate ., ...........2<br />
Dorsal surface of carapace without raised oval area; third maxilliped with or without<br />
exopod; fifth pereopod subchelate .'.. Gourretia latispina<br />
(1) Propodus of fourth pereopod without disto-ventral prominence; pleopods 1 and 2<br />
always reduced or absent in male; pleopods 3 to 5 with appendix interna projecting<br />
beyond mesial border of endopod; epipod of first maxilliped only slightly dilated<br />
ventrally Callian<strong>as</strong>sa<br />
Propodus of fourth pereopod almost always with disto-ventral prominence;<br />
pleopods 1 and 2 present in male; pleopods 3 to 5 with appendix interna recessed in<br />
endopod and not exceeding, or only slightly exceeding, mesial border; epipod of<br />
third maxilliped with acute anterior lobe; propodus of third maxilliped nearly always<br />
greatly dilated ventrally Callichirus
294 Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />
Genus Callian<strong>as</strong>sa ILeaeh, 1814<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Biffar, 1971a, with modification]<br />
1. Front with lateral spinous projections 2<br />
Front lacking lateral spinous projections ....5<br />
2. (1) Third maxilliped lacking strong spinous crest on mesial surface of ischium, series<br />
of small separate denticles; rostrum short, 0.25-0.33 times length of eyestalks<br />
(posterior margin of telson concave) C. gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga<br />
Strong spinous crest present on third maxilliped; rostrum usually more than 0.33<br />
times length of eyestalks (occ<strong>as</strong>ionally shorter in C. rathbunae) .... 3<br />
3. (2) Endopod of uropod elongate oval, twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide; telson widest midlaterally,<br />
generally rounded in outline, posterior margin convex or straight (length of<br />
eyestalks only 1.2-1.7 times width) —. C. acanthochirus<br />
Endopod of uropod rhomboid or subtriangular; telson widest in anterior third,<br />
trapezoidal 4<br />
4. (3) Posterior margin of telson with triangular median projection (rostrum almost <strong>as</strong><br />
long <strong>as</strong> eyestalks; endopod of uropod subtriangular) C. longiventris<br />
Posterior margin of telson lacking median projection (pigmented area of eyestalk<br />
lateral, small, covering about 0.1 of exposed dorsal surface of eyestalk, mediodistal<br />
projection acute or rounded, curving laterally; upper exopodal plate almost <strong>as</strong> long<br />
<strong>as</strong> lower) C. rathbunae<br />
5. (1) Rostrum triangular, rounded or acute, extending less than 0.25 length of eyestalks..<br />
6<br />
Rostrum elongate triangular, spinous or flattened dorsoventrally, acute, extending<br />
more than 0.25 length of eyestalks 10<br />
6. (5) Antennular peduncle extending beyond tip of antennal peduncle. 7<br />
Antennular peduncle not extending beyond ti]p of antennal peduncle.. 8<br />
7. (6) Posterior border of telson straight, with acute median projection; distomedial<br />
projection of eyestalks elongate, slender, curving laterally; length of third<br />
antennular segment five times length of second segment C. atlantica<br />
Posterior border of telson concave; tip of eyestalks with short rounded projection;<br />
length of third antennular segment three times length of second segment.,<br />
C. fragilis
8. (6) Propodus of third maxilliped less than two times width of dactylus.<br />
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 295<br />
'.... C. quadracuta<br />
Propodus of third maxilliped about four times width of dactylus .9<br />
9. (8) Lateral margin of telson trilobed C. trilobata<br />
Lateral margin of telson more or less smoothly rounded (posterior margin of telson<br />
inconspicuously convex or concave; distal margin of endopod of uropod quadrate;<br />
propodus of third pereopod short, extending posteriorly only <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> margin of<br />
carpus, length 1.5 times width) C. branneri<br />
10. (5) Antennular peduncle extending beyond tip of antennal peduncle... C. jamaicense<br />
Antennular peduncle not extending beyond tip of antennal peduncle 11<br />
11. (10) Ischium and merus of third maxilliped wide, combined length 1.1-1.4 times greatest<br />
width.... C. biformis<br />
Ischium and merus of third maxilliped narrow, combined length more than 2.0<br />
times greatest width .. C. marginata<br />
Genus Callichirus Stimpson, 1866<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Biffar, 1971a]<br />
Eyestalks shorter than first segment of antennular peduncle, terminating in short,<br />
subtriangular distal projections; telson widest midlaterally C. major<br />
Eyestalks extending beyond first antennular segment, distomedial projection of<br />
eyestalks elongate, curving laterally; telson widest in posterior third C. islagrande<br />
Key to <strong>large</strong> chelipeds of species of family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae (except for C. biformis)<br />
[Adapted from Biffar, 1971a]<br />
1. Superior and inferior margins of carpus ending distally in two acute prominences;<br />
superior margin of palm ending in acute prominence distally C. quadracuta<br />
Carpus otherwise, no second prominence on superior and inferior margins, distal<br />
margins usually rounded; margin of palm rounded distally 2<br />
2. (1) Ischium with midinferior projection, remainder of margin denticulate 3<br />
Ischium lacking midinferior projection, inferior margin serrate, denticulate,<br />
spinous, or entire 4
296 Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />
3. (2) Projection on ischium denticulate, approximately <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> remainder of segment's<br />
width; inferior margin of merus inconspicuously serrate, without elongate<br />
projection Callichirus islagrande (male)<br />
Projection not denticulate, length approximately 0.2 times remainder of segment's<br />
width; merus with proximal inferior bifurcate projection, remainder of margin with<br />
several strong denticles C. jamaicense<br />
4. (2) Ischium with distinct inferior spines .5<br />
Ischium lacking distinct inferior spines 8<br />
5. (4) Merus and palm with two or three spines along superior margin<br />
...C acanthochirus<br />
Merus and palm lacking superior spines 6<br />
6. (5) Inferior margin of merus entire C. marginata<br />
Inferior margin of merus spinous or serrate. 7<br />
7. (6) Merus with 3-5 spines on proximal half of inferior margin, remainder of margin<br />
denticulate; ischium with numerous (7-9) spines on inferior margin; cutting edge of<br />
dactylusentire .. C. longiventris<br />
Merus with 7-12 spines plus acute serrations; ischium with 3-4 spines distally, acute<br />
serrations proximally; cutting edge of dactylus with median quadrate notch (male)<br />
or entire (female) C. rathbunae<br />
8. (4) Inferior margin of merus entire 9<br />
Inferior margin of merus serrate, spinous, or with some sort of proximal inferior<br />
projection , 10<br />
9. (8) Propodal finger with acute triangular tooth proximally; carpus less than 1.7 times<br />
length of palm... Callichirus major (female)<br />
Propodal finger serrate but lacking well-developed tooth; carpus more than 1.7 times<br />
length of palm Callichirus islagrande (female)<br />
10. (8) Proximal inferior corner of merus with spinous or robust spine like projection 11<br />
Proximal inferior projection, if present, quadrate or forming hook, not spinelike.. 12<br />
11. (10) Lateral surface of palm with 2-3 spines just proximal to b<strong>as</strong>e of propodal finger;<br />
projection on merus strong, bifurcate C. gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga<br />
Surface of palm lacking spines; distally curving spinous projection on merus,<br />
remainder of margin weakly serrate Gourretia latispina
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 297<br />
12. (10) Merus with broad, well-developed, proximal inferior hook, distal margin of hoc';<br />
concave, tip acute or subacute, remainder of margin weakly serrate 13<br />
Merus lacking hook, inferior margin serrate, spinous, or with quadrate proximal<br />
inferior projection . 15<br />
13. (12) Propodal notch extending proximally into palm; cutting edge of dactylus with three<br />
strong teeth; length of carpus less than 0.75 times length of palm C.fragilis (male)<br />
Propodal notch extending little or not at all into palm; dactylus lacking strong<br />
dentition; length of carpus greater than 0.75 times length of palm 14<br />
14. (13) Proximal inferior margin of carpus broadly rounded, extending proximally beyond<br />
level of superior articulation with merus; cutting edge of propodal finger serrate;<br />
proximal superior margin of merus elevated, denticulate, margin more or less<br />
straight; total length of carpus, palm, and dactylus in adults less than 15 mm<br />
C. fragilis (female)<br />
Proximal inferior margin of carpus rounded, not extending proximally beyond level<br />
of articulation; propodal finger serrate in proximal third only; superior margin of<br />
merus rounded, highest centrally; total length of carpus, palm, and dactylus in<br />
adults more than 20 mm C. atlantica<br />
15. (12) Merus with proximal inferior quadrate (may appear triangular) projection, inferior<br />
margin including projection serrate (carpus much —more than 1.25~longer than<br />
palm; propodal notch extending proximally into palm; dactylus hooked, with single<br />
rounded bifid tooth; propodal finger heavy, short, blunt at tip)<br />
Gallichirus ma jo r (m al e)<br />
Merus without distinct projection, inferior margin either convex and serrate or<br />
forming serrate keel 16<br />
16. (15) Carpus 0.33-0.67 times length of palm; palm subquadrate; dactylus heavy, with 2-<br />
3 strong teeth on cutting edge, acute at tip C. branneri<br />
Carpus 0.65-0.95 times length of palm; palm distinctly longer than wide; dactylus<br />
with two truncate teeth medially (male) or lacking strong dentition (female)<br />
C. trilobata
VO<br />
00<br />
"55<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus I<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view Q<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. third maxilliped 5<br />
Vt<br />
b. third maxilliped<br />
f. telson and right uropods £<br />
c. telson and left uropods<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathbunae<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris<br />
j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
k. third maxilliped<br />
h. telson and right uropods<br />
1. telson and left uropods<br />
i. third maxilliped<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 299
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa fragilis<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
e. major cheliped (male)<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
f. telson and right uropods<br />
b. major (right) cheliped<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />
c. telson and left uropods<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 301
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilobata<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. third maxilliped<br />
b. third maxilliped<br />
f. telson and right uropods<br />
c. male second pleopod<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri<br />
male:<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
h. third maxilliped<br />
k. major cheliped<br />
i. telson and right uropods<br />
1. telson and uropods<br />
(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />
(after Schmitt, 1935b)
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 303
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa marginata<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
e. telson and right uropods<br />
b. third maxilliped<br />
f. third maxilliped<br />
c. major cheliped (male)<br />
(after Biffar, 1971b)<br />
(afterBiffar, 1971b)
Family Calliamissidae 305
Callichirus islagrande<br />
Callichirus major<br />
male:<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
o<br />
d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
b. telson and uropods<br />
e. major cheliped<br />
c. major (right) cheliped<br />
f. telson and uropods<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Schmitt, 1935b)<br />
Gourretia latispina<br />
g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
h. third maxilliped<br />
i. telson and right uropods<br />
(after Biffar, 1971b)
Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 307
o<br />
00<br />
*=3<br />
to<br />
3<br />
S9<br />
to<br />
a<br />
CO<br />
cn<br />
a<br />
to
Family Upogebiidae<br />
Genus Upogebia Leach, 1814<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Schmitt, 1935a]<br />
Family Upogebiidae 309<br />
Anterolateral border of carapace armed with small spine on level with eyes;<br />
immovable finger of chela shorter than movable finger U. affin is<br />
Anterolateral border of carapace not armed with spine in line with eyestalks;<br />
immovable finger of chela longer than movable finger U. operculata
Upogebia operculata<br />
Upogebia affinis<br />
d. anterior part of carapace, lateral view<br />
female:<br />
e. chela and carpus, left external view<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
.(after-Schmitt, 1935a)<br />
b. abdomen, lateral view<br />
c. chela and carpus, right external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Upogebiidae 311
"53<br />
3<br />
n<br />
cr<br />
a<br />
ts
Infraorder Palinura<br />
Family Palinuridae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Manning, 1978]<br />
Family Palinuridae 313<br />
First pair of pereopods en<strong>large</strong>d in males, ending in apparent (false) pincers, with<br />
wide, red cross bands; carapace ornamented with strong, scale-like sculpture; tail<br />
brick red, with 4 or 5 conspicuous transverse grooves on each segment and with<br />
yellowish spots and stripes Justitia longimanus<br />
First pair of pereopods not en<strong>large</strong>d, with no trace of pincer, without cross bands;<br />
carapace without scale-like sculpture; tail variously colored, smooth or with at most<br />
1 transverse groove (frontal horns over eyes very sharp; antennular flagella longer<br />
than peduncle) Panulirus<br />
Genus Panulirus White, 1847<br />
Key to species<br />
1. Each abdominal somite smooth, without complete transverse groove (antennular<br />
plate bearing 2 pairs of strong spines) P. laevicauda<br />
Each abdominal somite with complete transverse groove 2<br />
2. (1) Antennular plate bearing 2 pairs of strong spines; tail with 4 conspicuous yellow<br />
spots P. argus<br />
Antennular plate bearing <strong>one</strong> pair of strong spines; tail without 4 conspicuous<br />
yellow spots P. guttatus
4^<br />
w<br />
3<br />
Panulirus argus<br />
Panulirus laevicauda<br />
b. lateral view 3"<br />
e<br />
(after Williams, 1965a) &<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Manning, 1978)<br />
Justitia longimanus<br />
Panulirus guttatus<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Manning, 1978)<br />
(after Manning, 1978)
Family Palinuridae 315
316 Family Scyllaridae<br />
Family Scyllaridae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Manning, 1978]<br />
1. Carapace much broader than long, its sides very thin and cut into very <strong>large</strong>,<br />
flattened, triangular projections .. Parribacus antarcticus<br />
Carapace usually longer than broad, its sides not very thin, either smooth or<br />
denticulate 2<br />
2. (1) Front and usually lateral edges of antennae smooth or finely denticulate, not cut into<br />
<strong>large</strong> triangular projections; size <strong>large</strong> Scyllarides<br />
Front and lateral edges of antennae cut into distinct teeth; size small Scyllarus
1.<br />
2.(1)<br />
Genus Scyllarides Gill, 1898<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Lyons, 1970J<br />
Family Scyllaridae 317<br />
G<strong>as</strong>tric, cardiac, and branchial regions of carapace elevated, distinct; preg<strong>as</strong>tric and<br />
g<strong>as</strong>tric teeth prominent in pro<strong>file</strong>; second through fourth abdominal somites with<br />
median, node-like carina 5. nodifer<br />
G<strong>as</strong>tric, cardiac, and branchial regions of carapace low, not strongly defined;<br />
preg<strong>as</strong>tric and g<strong>as</strong>tric teeth not obvious in pro<strong>file</strong>; second through fourth abdominal<br />
somites low, rounded, without distinct carina S. aequinoctialis<br />
Genus Scyllarus Fabricius, 1775<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Lyons, 1970]<br />
G<strong>as</strong>tric and all lateral prominences on carapace sharp; second segment of antennular<br />
peduncle cylindrical; pleura of fourth abdominal somite sharply rectangular or acute<br />
laterally S. depressus<br />
Prominences on carapace blunt; second segment of antennular peduncle flattened<br />
superiorly; pleura of fourth abdominal somite rounded laterally 2<br />
Preg<strong>as</strong>tric tooth of carapace nearly always bilobed, incised; first to fourth<br />
abdominal somites with deep, narrow median notch in posterior margin<br />
..S. americanus<br />
Preg<strong>as</strong>tric tooth of carapace rounded, entire; first to fourth abdominal somites with<br />
very shallow, broad median notch in posterior margin S. chacei
00<br />
•=3<br />
Scyllatides nodifer Scyllarides aequinoctialis<br />
a. dorsal view b. dorsal view<br />
(after Manning, 1978) (after Manning, 1978)
Family Scyllaridae 319
Scyllarus americanus<br />
Scyllarus depressus<br />
b. dorsal view =<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a) f<br />
(after Felder, 1973)<br />
Parribacus antarcticus<br />
Scyllarus chacei<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Manning, 1978)<br />
(after Felder, 1973)
Family Scyllaridae 321
»N><br />
^1<br />
I<br />
!/3<br />
n<br />
«<<br />
ET<br />
-i<br />
a<br />
»<br />
re
Family Synaxiidae<br />
Genus Palinurellus Von Martens, 1881<br />
Family Synaxiidae 323<br />
Carapace entirely covered with small, rounded nodules and short hairs, but without<br />
en<strong>large</strong>d spines; small triangular rostrum present between eyes; antennae shorter<br />
than carapace, antennular flagella shorter than antennular peduncles; pereopods<br />
without true pincers, first pair not longer than, but at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> thick <strong>as</strong>, second<br />
[from Manning, 1978] P. gundlachi
£t<br />
•53<br />
3<br />
P<br />
Palinurellus gundlachi<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Manning, 1978)
Family Synaxiidae 325
Infraorder Anomura<br />
Family Coenobitidae<br />
Genus Coenobita Latreille, 1826<br />
[Adapted from Chace and Hobbs, 1969]<br />
Family Coenobitidae 327<br />
Eyestalks flattened on mesial surface; antennular peduncle five times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong><br />
eyestalks, flagellum blunt tipped; antennal peduncle originating below eyestalk;<br />
chelipeds unequal, left much <strong>large</strong>r than right, studded with closely appressed,<br />
dark-tipped spines; third left pereopod (second walking leg) with propodus and<br />
dactylus very broad, flattened, and smooth, with inferior margins rather sharp and<br />
obscurely serrate . C. clypeatus
328 Family Coenobitldae<br />
V<br />
73<br />
1<br />
s<br />
•?-<<br />
8<br />
!<br />
i<br />
o<br />
d)<br />
ON<br />
in<br />
ON<br />
s<br />
I<br />
1
Family Coeno bitidae 329
330 Family Diogenidae<br />
Family Diogenidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Provenzano, 1959, with additions]<br />
1. Abdomen secondarily straightened for housing in rock cavities or sponges; chelae<br />
and distal segments of walking legs forming opercular face Cancellus<br />
Abdomen coiled for housing in g<strong>as</strong>tropod shells; chelae and distal segments of<br />
walking legs not forming opercular face , . 2<br />
2. (1) Paired appendages present on first two abdominal somites of male and on first<br />
somite only of female . Paguristes<br />
No paired appendages on anterior abdominal somites of either sex 3<br />
3. (2) Chelipeds similar and subequal; fingers moving horizontally 4<br />
Chelipeds dissimilar and unequal; fingers moving obliquely or nearly vertically ... 5<br />
4. (3) Finger tips spo<strong>one</strong>d; antennal flagellum long and not hairy Clibanarius<br />
Finger tips acuminate; antennal flagell um short and very hairy<br />
Isocheles wurdemanni<br />
5. (3) Chelipeds not markedly unequal, right slightly <strong>large</strong>r than left.<br />
Petrochirus diogenes<br />
Chelipeds markedly unequal, left much <strong>large</strong>r than right 6<br />
6. (5) Major palm tuberculate, with appressed setae ,. Dardanus<br />
Major palm smooth, without hairs Calcinus tibicen
Genus Cancellus H. Milne Edwards, 1836<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Mayo, 1973]<br />
Family Diogenidae 331<br />
Ocular scale with more than <strong>one</strong> terminal tooth or spine; fifth coxal segments of<br />
male flattened; overall color of live or recently preserved specimens green<br />
C. viridis<br />
Ocular scale with <strong>one</strong> triangular tooth; fifth coxal segments of male concave and<br />
expanded; overall color cream with purple, dark red, or brown C. ornatus<br />
Genus Clibanarius Dana, 1851<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Provenzano, 1959]<br />
1. Dactyli of walking legs shorter than propodi 2<br />
Dactyli of walking legs not shorter than propodi 3<br />
2. (1) Legs with broad longitudinal light stripe on dark background C. antillensis<br />
Legs without any longitudinal stripes, instead banded with orange at proximal ends<br />
of propodi and dactyli; dominant color blue C. tricolor<br />
3. (1) Propodi with dark stripe laterally, bordered on each side by light stripe of similar<br />
width C. cubensis<br />
Propodi with 4 thin light stripes laterally, separated by broad dark stripes<br />
C. vittatus
332 Family Diogenidae<br />
Genus Dardanus Paulson, 1875<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984, with addition]<br />
1. Propodus of third left pereopod (second left walking leg) not hairy, without lateral<br />
longitudinal ridge or groove; rugae arranged in herringb<strong>one</strong> pattern ... D. insignis<br />
Propodus of third left pereopod conspicuously hairy, with lateral longitudinal ridge<br />
paralleled by groove; ridge crossed by rugae 2<br />
2. (1) Dactylus of third left pereopod with shallow ventral groove; cornea widely rounded<br />
D. fucosus<br />
Dactylus of third left pereopod without shallow ventral groove; cornea barely<br />
expanded, convex D. venosus
Genus Paguristes Dana, 1852<br />
Family Diogenidae 333<br />
Key to species<br />
| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Provenzano, 1959, and McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a]<br />
1. Rostrum broadly rounded or pointed, but not advanced beyond level of lateral<br />
projections on front of anterior shield of carapace 2<br />
Rostrum slender and definitely advanced beyond level of lateral projections on front<br />
of anterior shield of carapace 6<br />
2. (1) Eye scales adjacent, ending in more than 1 terminal spine P. hummi<br />
Eye scales separated, ending in acuminate tip 3<br />
3. (2) Anterolateral sides of anterior shield of carapace definitely spiny 4<br />
Anterolateral sides of anterior shield of carapace not spiny. 5<br />
4. (3) Cornea narrow and tapering anteriorly to blunt point; anterolateral sides of anterior<br />
shield of carapace with about 3 transverse rows of spinules; second antennal<br />
segment with two spines on anterior margin, <strong>one</strong> on each side of b<strong>as</strong>e of antennal<br />
acicle ..P. oxyophthalmus<br />
Cornea broad and not tapering anteriorly; anterolateral sides of anterior shield of<br />
carapace roughened by scattered spiny granules; second antennal segment with<br />
several spines on lateral margin P. lymani<br />
5. (3) Rostrum very poorly developed, obtusely triangular or broadly rounded, or often<br />
obsolete P. laticlavus<br />
Rostrum short, obtusely pointed, slightly less advanced than more acute lateral<br />
projections P. moorei<br />
6. (1) Anterior shield of carapace not noticeably longer than broad 7<br />
Anterior shield of carapace noticeably longer than broad 12<br />
7. (6) Antennular peduncles extending beyond eyestalks 8<br />
Antennular peduncles not extending beyond eyestalks 9<br />
8. (7) Dorsal surface of carapace with numerous small spines or spinules and tufts of<br />
setae laterally P. inconstans<br />
Dorsal surface of carapace hairy towards sides P. triangulatus<br />
9. (7) Upper surface of hands of chelipeds with hairs inconspicuous, not obscuring<br />
spines .. 10<br />
Upper surface of hands of chelipeds with hairs conspicuous, at le<strong>as</strong>t obscuring<br />
surface 11
334 Family Diogenidae<br />
10. (9) Fifth antennal segment bearing 3 spines on b<strong>as</strong>al part of outer margin; antennal<br />
acicle with 2-3 spines on inner margin P. grayi<br />
Fifth antennal segment bearing 2 spines on b<strong>as</strong>al part of outer margin; antennal<br />
acicle with no spines on inner margin P. erythrops<br />
11. (9) Antennal peduncles slightly exceeding acicles P. sericeus<br />
Antennal peduncles reaching just beyond middle of eyestalks P. puncticeps<br />
12. (6) Antennal peduncle not overreaching middle of eyestalks P. spinipes<br />
Antennal peduncle overreaching middle of eyestalks 13<br />
13. (12) Rostrum slender, its sides parallel from b<strong>as</strong>e to near acute tip 14<br />
Rostrum broad at b<strong>as</strong>e, its sides converging to tip 15<br />
14. (13) Terminal segment of antennal peduncle armed with two spines; carapace triangular<br />
in shape in dorsal view ...P. tenuirostris<br />
Terminal segment of antennal peduncle without spines; carapace rectangular in<br />
shape in dorsal view P. cadenati<br />
15. (13) Shield with dorsolateral surface and margins unarmed or with very few, minute<br />
spinules 16<br />
Shield with dorsolateral surface and margins armed with numerous small spines or<br />
spinulose tubercles 19<br />
16. (15) Dorsal margins of meriof chelipeds unarmed ..P. hernancortezi<br />
Dorsal margins of meri of chelipeds with spinules or spinulose protuberances 17<br />
17. (16) Rostrum greatly exceeding lateral projections, slender, acute, strongly depressed<br />
distally, terminating in small spine P. anomalus<br />
Rostrum considerably exceeding lateral projections, terminating acutely or<br />
subacutely but not in a small spine 18<br />
18. (17) Fifth antennal segment with two dorsal spines P. w<strong>as</strong>si<br />
Fifth antennal segment with few tufts of short setae, with no spines<br />
.....P. lim<strong>one</strong>nsis<br />
19. (15) Chelipeds virtually devoid of setae. P. starcki<br />
Chelipeds covered with tufts of short, plumose setae 20
Family Diogenidae 335<br />
20. (19) Dorsomesial margins of carpi of chelipeds with 4 or 5 strong spines; ocular<br />
peduncles with distinct, often irregular dark bands distally (brood pouch of female<br />
<strong>large</strong>, subovate or subquadrate) P. torlugae<br />
Dorsomesial margins of carpi of chelipeds with 6 or more moderately small spines;<br />
ocular peduncles without distinct dark bands distally (brood pouch of female very<br />
small, subtriangular) P. invisisacculus
Cancellus ornatus<br />
Cancellus viridis<br />
male:<br />
holotype male:<br />
c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />
d. left third pereopod<br />
b. fifth coxal segments<br />
e. left cheliped, lateral view<br />
(after Mayo, 1973)<br />
(after Mayo, 1973)
Family Diogenidae 337
00<br />
Clibanarius tricolor<br />
Clibanarius antillensis<br />
b. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal 2<br />
view «g<br />
3<br />
(after Benedict, 1901) g<br />
a. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal view<br />
(after Benedict, 1901)<br />
Clibanarius vittatus<br />
Clibanarius cubensis<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
c. walking leg<br />
e. third pereopod<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1959)
Family Diogenidae 339
Dardanus fucosus<br />
Dardanus insignis<br />
3<br />
b. anterior part, dorsal view (male)<br />
a. anterior part, dorsal view (male)<br />
c. lateral view of third left pereopod (holotype male)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
d. lateral view of major chela (holotype male)<br />
e. ventral view of dactylus of third pereopod<br />
(holotype male)<br />
(b, after Williams, 1984; c-e, after Biffar and<br />
Provenzano, 1972)<br />
Dardanus venosus<br />
lectotype male:<br />
f. eyestalks<br />
g. lateral view of third left pereopod<br />
h. lateral view of major chela<br />
i. ventral view of dactylus of third pereopod<br />
(after Biffar and Provenzano, 1972)
Family Diogenidae 341
Paguristes oxyophthalmus<br />
Paguristes hummi<br />
b. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body and chelipeds, dorsal view<br />
c. cheliped<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1959)<br />
Paguristes laticlavus<br />
Paguristes lymani<br />
male:<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
e. right chela and carpus, external view<br />
g. left chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974b)
Family Diogenidae 343
Paguristes inconstans<br />
Paguristes moorei<br />
holotype male:<br />
holotype female:<br />
c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
d. left cheliped, lateral view<br />
b. right chela and carpus, external view<br />
(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974b)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Paguristes grayi<br />
Paguristes triangulatus<br />
g. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal<br />
view<br />
e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
f. right chela and carpus, external view<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Diogenidae 345
ON<br />
Paguristes sericeus 1<br />
Paguristes erythrops<br />
c. anterior part of body, dorsal view 2<br />
w<br />
d. right chela and carpus, external view E.<br />
CL<br />
holotype female:<br />
a. cheliped<br />
(after WilHams, 1965a)<br />
b. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
(after Holthuis, 1959)<br />
Paguristes spinipes<br />
Paguristes puncticeps<br />
f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
e. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal view<br />
g. right chela and carpus, external view<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Diogenidae 347
00<br />
Paguristes cadenati |<br />
Paguristes tenuirostris<br />
b. anterior part of body, dorsal view G<br />
s*<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
(after Benedict, 1901)<br />
c. left cheliped g<br />
d. left third pereopod »<br />
(after Forest, 1954)<br />
Paguristes anomalus<br />
Paguristes hernancortezi<br />
male:<br />
holotype male:<br />
g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
h. left cheliped, mesial view<br />
f. left cheliped, mesial view<br />
(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a)<br />
(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a)
=1<br />
Family Diogenidae 349
Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis<br />
Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si<br />
c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
holotype male:<br />
d. left cheliped, lateral view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974b)<br />
b. left third pereopod, lateral view<br />
(after Provenzano, 1961)<br />
Paguristes tortugae<br />
Paguristes starcki<br />
male:<br />
holotype male:<br />
g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
h. left cheliped, mesial view<br />
f. left chela, dorsal view<br />
(after McLaughlin and Provenzan, 1974a)<br />
(after Provenzano, 1965)
Family Diogenidae 351<br />
c^
Ccdcinus tibicen<br />
Paguristes invisisacculus<br />
c. anterior part of body and pereopods,<br />
dorsal view<br />
holotype male:<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
b. left cheliped, mesial view<br />
(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a)<br />
Petrochirus diogenes<br />
hocheles wurdemanni<br />
female:<br />
d. anterior part of body and chelipeds, dorsal view<br />
e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
f. right chela and carpus, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
-..^a;=:—..<br />
Family Diogenidae 353
354 Family Diogenidae
Family Lithodidae<br />
Genus Paralomis White, 1856<br />
Family Lithodidae 355<br />
G<strong>as</strong>tric region with no spines; carapace with strong lateral spines; lateral cardiac<br />
furrows not meeting posteriorly; median rostral spine with no central tooth; walking<br />
legs moderately compressed [from Chace, 1939] P. cubensis
356 Family Lithodidae<br />
•52<br />
I<br />
55<br />
£<br />
<br />
13<br />
.e<br />
o<br />
T3<br />
(D<br />
O<br />
Ctf<br />
OH<br />
F*<br />
&<br />
O<br />
CO<br />
T-H<br />
CN<br />
<br />
& on<br />
t-H<br />
M<br />
Family Lithodidae 357
358 Family Lithodldae
Family Paguridae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on McLaughlin, 1981a, and Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Paguridae 359<br />
1. Form cancriform; 10 pairs of gills present Ostraconotus spatulipes<br />
Form not cancriform; 11 or 13 pairs of gills present 2<br />
2. (1) Ischium of third maxilliped without mesioventral accessory spine near anterior end<br />
of mesial dentate crest Iridopagurus<br />
Ischium of third maxilliped with mesioventral accessory spine near anterior end of<br />
mesial dentate crest 3<br />
3. (2) Paired pleopods on first abdominal somite of male (next four somites have<br />
unequally biramous appendage on left side).... Tomopaguropsis problematica<br />
No paired appendages on first abdominal somite in male 4<br />
4. (3) Sexual tube well developed in male 5<br />
No sexual tube in male 7<br />
5. (4) Right tube long, filiform at extremity Nematopaguroides pusillus<br />
Right tube not filiform at its extremity 6<br />
6. (5) Tube directed toward exterior (laterally) turning dorsally over anterior part of<br />
abdomen; chelipeds very unequal; third pereopods of right and left sides similar<br />
Catapagurus sharrei<br />
Tube directed laterally, not turned over abdomen; chelipeds subequal; third<br />
pereopod of left side modified Solenopagurus lineatus<br />
7. (4) No paired pleopods on first abdominal somite of female (except P. piercei)<br />
Pagurus<br />
Paired pleopods on first abdominal somite of female 8<br />
8. (7) Thirteen pairs of gills present Pylopaguropsis atlantica<br />
Eleven pairs of gills present 9<br />
9. (8) Propodi of fourth pereopods with single row of scales 10<br />
Propodi of fourth pereopods with two or more rows of scales 13<br />
10. (9) Uropods symmetrical or nearly so Pylopagurus discoidalis<br />
Uropods markedly <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical 11
360 Famity Paguridae<br />
11. (10) Spines of chelae with b<strong>as</strong>al rosettes Rh&dochirus rdsaceiis<br />
Spines of chelae without b<strong>as</strong>al rosettes... ...............12<br />
12. (11) Dactylus and immovable finger of left chela "spoon-shaped"........ toniopaguriis<br />
Dactylus and immovable finger of left chela not "spoon-shaped" (right chela<br />
operculate; preungual process present) Phimochirus<br />
13. (9) Uropods symmetrical or nearly so, with protopods produced posteriorly,<br />
Agaricochirus<br />
Uropods markedly <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical, with protopods not produced posteriorly. 14<br />
14.(13) Left chela triangular in cross-section, dactylus and immovable finger not<br />
dorsoventrally flattened AhisopagUrus<br />
Left chela not triangular in cross-section, dactylus and immovable finger<br />
dorsoventrally flattened..... Manucomplanus corattihus
Genus Agaricochirus McLaughlin, 1981<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from McLaughlin, 1982]<br />
Family Paguridae 361<br />
1. Tergite of fifth abdominal somite with distinct patch of short, stiff setae (anterior<br />
lobe of sternite of third pereopods well developed, subquadrate)<br />
A. gibbosimanus<br />
Tergite of fifth abdominal somite without distinct patch of short, stiff setae 2<br />
2. (1) Dorsolateral margin of carpus of right cheliped with row of strong spines, at le<strong>as</strong>t<br />
distally ...A. alexandri<br />
Dorsolateral margin of carpus of right cheliped with row of low protuberances or<br />
unarmed... 3<br />
3. (2) Dorsal surface of dactylus of right cheliped with longitudinal ridge of broad<br />
tubercles; margins of mushroom-shaped tubercles unarmed A. boletifer<br />
Dorsal surface of dactylus of right cheliped with longitudinal rows of simple<br />
tubercles; margins of mushroom-shaped tubercles armed with tiny spines<br />
..A. acanthinus<br />
Genus Anisopagurus McLaughlin, 1981<br />
Key to species<br />
Eye scales armed with 4-5 spines on medial margin A. pygmaeus<br />
Eye scales with apical spine A. bartletti
362 Family Paguridae<br />
Genus Iridopagurus De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966<br />
Key to species<br />
[From McLaughlin, personal communication]<br />
1. Distodorsal margin of merus of left cheliped with strong spine ...../. iris<br />
Distodorsal margin of fnerus of left cheliped glabrous ... 2<br />
2. (1) Chelipeds with dense patch of setae on dorsolateral distal surface of palm and<br />
proximal surface of immovable finger /. caribbensis<br />
Chelipeds without dense patch of setae on dorsolateral distal surface of palm and<br />
immovable finger 3<br />
3. (2) Right chela with row of spines on dorsomesial margin and dorsal midline<br />
proximally; 4th pereopod with preungual process /. globulus<br />
Right chela with numerous irregular rows of spines on dorsal surface; 4th pereopod<br />
without preungual process 4<br />
4. (3) Chelae with palms ovate, dorsal surfaces with reticulated color pattern; dactyli of<br />
2nd and 3rd pereopods with 3-8 corneous spinules on inferior margins<br />
/. reticulatus<br />
Chelae with palms subrectangular, dorsal surfaces with colored band across fingers<br />
proximally; dactyli of 2nd and 3rd pereopods with 8-12 corneous spinules on<br />
inferior margins /. violaceus<br />
Genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Lematre et al., 1982, and Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Ocular acicles with several terminal submarginal or marginal spines 2<br />
Ocular acicles with single terminal submarginal spine (rarely 1 or 2 accessory mesial<br />
marginal spinules) 4<br />
2. (1) Chelae with short setae forming dense mat-like covering on dorsal surfaces.<br />
..P. provenzanoi<br />
Chelae glabrous or with short to long setae, but setae not forming dense mat-like<br />
covering on dorsal surfaces 3
Family Paguridae 363<br />
3. (2) Left chela with longitudinal row of moderately strong or strong spines in proximity<br />
to dorsolateral margin; antennal flagella with setae less than 1 article in length<br />
P. brevidactylus<br />
Left chela without longitudinal row of moderately strong or strong spines in<br />
proximity to dorsolateral margin; antennal flagella with setae 1-2 articles in length ....<br />
P. carolinensis<br />
4. (1) Width of major chela at le<strong>as</strong>t length (except P. maclaughlinae) 5<br />
Width of major chela less than length (except P. maclaughlinae) 7<br />
5. (4) Dactylus of major chela with sharply produced angle on mesial margin<br />
...P. pollicaris<br />
Dactylus of major chela without sharply produced angle on mesial margin 6<br />
6. (5) Chelipeds with palms dented on dorsal surfaces, covered with small, closely<br />
crowded granules P. impressus<br />
Palm of major chela bearing irregular rows of spines on dorsal surface; palm of<br />
minor chela bearing single or double rows of spines on dorsal midline<br />
P. maclaughlinae<br />
I. (4) Rostrum distinct, usually produced <strong>as</strong> small lobe P. marshi<br />
Rostrum not distinct or produced <strong>as</strong> small lobe 8<br />
8. (7) Antennal flagella with long, usually uniformly paired setae, 3-8 articles in length, at<br />
le<strong>as</strong>t every second article proximally 9<br />
Antennal flagella with short, or irregularly short and long, not uniformly paired,<br />
setae over entire length 11<br />
9. (8) Dactyli of pereopods without row of corneous spines on inferior margins (rarely<br />
with 1-3 minute spinules) P. gymnodactylus<br />
Dactyli of pereopods with row of corneous spines on inferior margins 10<br />
10. (9) Antennal flagella short, not overreaching left chela; carpus of 2nd right pereopod<br />
with dorsal row of spines P. annulipes<br />
Antennal flagella long, overreaching right chela; carpus of 2nd right pereopod<br />
without dorsal row of spines, rarely 1 or 2 spines in <strong>large</strong> individuals (shield length<br />
2.5 mm) P. criniticornis<br />
II. (8) Palm of small (left) chela triangular in cross section, upper surface divided by<br />
longitudinal ridge into 2 obliquely sloping facets .12<br />
Palm of small (left) chela not triangular in cross section, either oval or flattened... 13
364 Family Paguridae<br />
12. (11) Eyestalks moderately to noticeably stout with definitely dilated corne<strong>as</strong>; minor<br />
chela simply ornamented dorsally with numerous rounded, slightly appressed to<br />
spiniformtubercles ....P. politus<br />
Eyestalks slender, curved slightly outward, cornea only very slightly dilated; major<br />
chela with prominent, sometimes strongly elevated median single or double rows of<br />
spines . P. stirnpsoni<br />
13. (11) Eye scales triangular; eyestalks equally swollen at b<strong>as</strong>e and cornea; rostrum obtuse<br />
but definitely exceeding obsolescent lateral projections; major chela 3 or more times<br />
longer than wide P. piercei<br />
Eye scales rounded distally; eyestalks with cornea dilated, broader than b<strong>as</strong>e;<br />
rostrum obtuse but about equalling lateral projections; major chela 2.5 (or less)<br />
times longer than wide 14<br />
14. (13) Chelipeds subcylindrical, relatively smooth on lateral surface; palm lightly crested<br />
and minutely dentate along lateral margin, dorsal surface minutely granulate and<br />
with 2 incomplete rows of subspinous tubercles and scattered smaller <strong>one</strong>s; dorsal<br />
surface of eye scale shallowly excavated P. longicdrpus<br />
Chelipeds not subcylindrical, relatively spiny on lateral surface and setose; palm<br />
with more or less diagonal rows of spines oil dorsal surface and with irregularly but<br />
closely set plates near b<strong>as</strong>e of immovable finger and occ<strong>as</strong>ionally on dactylus, spine<br />
or tubercle usually arising from center of each plate; not shallowly excavated on<br />
dorsal surface P. defehsus
Genus Phimochirus McLaughlin, 1981<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from McLaughlin, 1981b]<br />
Family Paguridae 365<br />
1. Palm of right chela with dorsal tuberculate median ridge formed by shallow mesial<br />
and lateral depressions P. randalli<br />
Palm of right chela without dorsal tuberculate median ridge formed by shallow<br />
mesial and lateral depressions 2<br />
2. (1) Dorsal surface of palm and immovable finger of right chela with strong or<br />
moderately strong tubercles, at le<strong>as</strong>t distally (exopod of left uropod without dense<br />
tuft of long setae) P. holthuisi<br />
Dorsal surface of palm and immovable finger of right chela smooth, granular, or<br />
weakly tuberculate 3<br />
3. (2) Dorsal surface of carpus of right cheliped unarmed P. leurocarpus<br />
Dorsal surface of carpus of right cheliped tuberculate, spinose, or spinulose (palm<br />
of left chela with dorsomedial row of small spines or tubercles extending to b<strong>as</strong>e of<br />
dactylus) , P. operculatus<br />
Genus Tomopagurus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from McLaughlin, 1981a]<br />
1. First antennal segment with prominent, often hooked, lateral spine 2<br />
First antennal segment without prominent, often hooked, lateral spine 4<br />
2. (1) Propodus and dactylus of left third pereopod with lateral faces densely setose 3<br />
Propodus and dactylus of left third pereopod with lateral faces not densely setose....<br />
T. rubropunctatus<br />
3. (2) Carpus of right second pereopod with <strong>one</strong> spine on dorsal margin T. cokeri<br />
Carpus of right second pereopod with more than <strong>one</strong> spine on dorsal margin<br />
T. w<strong>as</strong>si<br />
4. (1) Dorsal surface of right chela with prominent acute spines T. cubensis<br />
Dorsal surface of right chela with spinulose or blunt tubercles (carpus of second<br />
right pereopod with <strong>one</strong> or two strong spines on dorsal margin distally) 7V chac.pi
Agaricochirus' alexanari<br />
Agaricochirus gibbosimanus<br />
c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
d. right chela, dorsal view<br />
b. right chela, dorsal view<br />
e. left chela and anterior portion of carpus,<br />
dorsal view<br />
(a, after McLaughlin, 1982; b, after A. Milne Edwards<br />
andBouvier, 1893)<br />
(c, after McLaughlin, 1982; d, e, after A.<br />
Mine Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
Agaricochirus• acanthinus<br />
Agaricochirus boletifer<br />
h. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
i. right chela, dorsal view<br />
g. right chela, dorsal view<br />
(after McLaughlin, 1982)<br />
(f, after McLaughlin, 1982; g, after A. Milne Edwards<br />
andBouvier, 1893)
Family Paguridae 367<br />
•i-> I i_
00<br />
3<br />
is<br />
TO<br />
Ajmcpagums itartletti<br />
Anisopagurus pygmaeus<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body and cheHpeds, dorsal view<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)
Family Paguridae 369
©<br />
Iridopagurus earibbensis<br />
Iridopagurus iris<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view »<br />
G<br />
"1<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
b. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
e. right cheliped, dorsal view S<br />
c. left second pereopod, inner face<br />
f. left second pereopod, inner face<br />
(after De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966)<br />
(after De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966)<br />
Iridopagurus reticulatus<br />
Iridopagurus globulus<br />
j. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
holotype male:<br />
k. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
1. right second pereopod, lateral view<br />
h. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Garcia-Gomez, 1983)<br />
i. left second pereopod, inner face<br />
(after De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966)
J ^<br />
Family Paguridae 371<br />
i i
f<br />
a<br />
Iridopagurus violaceus<br />
holotype female:<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
b. right chelipedj dorsal view<br />
c. left second pereopod, inner face<br />
(after De Saint Laurent-Deehanc6,1966)
Family Paguridae 373
Pagurus brevidactylus<br />
Pagurus provenzanoi<br />
male:<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
b. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
c. left cheliped, dorsal view (female)<br />
(after McLaughlin, 1975)<br />
(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)<br />
Pagurus pollicaris<br />
Pagurus carolinensis<br />
female:<br />
male:<br />
h. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
i. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
g. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after McLaughlin, 1975)
C<br />
0) u<br />
h H<br />
..j-vT-T'^fNTv/-<br />
Family Paguridae 375
Pagurus maclaughlinae<br />
Pagurus impressus<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
f. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
b. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Garcfa-Gomez, 1982)<br />
c. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Pagurus gymnodactylus<br />
Pagurus marshi<br />
h. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
g. anterior part of body and chelipeds, dorsal view<br />
i. right second pereopod, mesial view<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
j. antennal flagellum, lateral view<br />
(after Lemaitre, 1982)
__ ]<br />
Family Paguridae 377
00<br />
Pagurus criniticornis g<br />
|<br />
male: cr<br />
Pagurus annulipes<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view on<br />
b. carpus of right second pereopod (male, shield<br />
length, 1.3 mm)<br />
e. second pereopod, lateral view §*<br />
(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)<br />
c. carpus of right second pereopod (male, shield<br />
length, 2.5 mm)<br />
(after Lemaitre, 1982)<br />
Pagurus stimpsoni<br />
Pagurus politus<br />
i. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
j. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963, <strong>as</strong> P. hendersoni)<br />
g. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
h. left cheliped dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
i i<br />
Family Paguridae 379
Pagurus piercei<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
b. major chela, dorsal view<br />
(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
Pagurus defensus<br />
Pagurus longicarpus<br />
female:<br />
male:<br />
f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
g. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
& right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Paguridae 381<br />
•4 h
Phimochirus holthuisi<br />
Phimochirus randalli<br />
c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
d. major chela, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
b. major chela, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
(c, after McLaughlin, 1981b; d,<br />
after Provenzano, 1961)<br />
(a, after McLaughlin, 1981b; b, after Provenzano, 1961)<br />
Phimochirus operculatus<br />
Phimochirus leurocarpus<br />
g. anterior part of body and pereopods<br />
e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />
f. right cheliped, lateral view<br />
(after Mclaughlin, 198 lb)
Family Paguridue 383
4*.<br />
Tomopagurus cokeri g<br />
Tomopagurus rubropunctatus<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
65<br />
OR)<br />
C<br />
a<br />
e. right chela and carpus, dorsal view<br />
b. major chela, dorsal view<br />
f. second right pereopod<br />
c. third right pereopod<br />
(after McLaughlin, 1981a)<br />
(a, after McLaughlin, 1981a; b, c, after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963,<br />
<strong>as</strong> Pagurus rubrolineatus)<br />
Tomopagurus cubensis<br />
Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si<br />
j. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
k. major chela, dorsal view<br />
h. third left pereopod<br />
1. second left pereopod<br />
i. second right pereopod<br />
(a, after McLaughlin, 1981a; b, c, after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
(after McLaughlin, 1981a)
Family Paguridae 385
Catapagurus sharrei<br />
Tomopagurus chacei<br />
c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
d. thorax and sexual tube, ventral view<br />
b. major chela, dorsal view<br />
e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(a, after McLaughlin, 1981a; b, after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
f. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)<br />
Nematopaguroides pusillus<br />
Manucomplanus corallinus<br />
i. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
j. chela and carpus of right cheliped, dorsal<br />
view<br />
h. right chela, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
k. thorax and sexual tubes, ventral view<br />
(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)
Family Paguridae 387
Pylopaguropsis atlantica<br />
Ostraconotus spatulipes<br />
b. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
c. chela, carpus, and merus of major cheliped<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />
(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
Rhodochirus rosaceus<br />
Pylopagurus discoidalis<br />
f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
g. right chela, dorsal view<br />
e. right chela, dorsal view, showing color pattern<br />
h. telson<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Paguridae 389
Tomopaguropsis problematica<br />
Solenopagurus lineatus<br />
d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />
e. chela and carpus of right cheliped, dorsal<br />
view<br />
b. third pereopod<br />
c. sexual tube extending over abdomen<br />
f. chela and carpus of left cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Paguridae 391
U><br />
•=3<br />
!<br />
»<br />
org<br />
e<br />
2#<br />
a<br />
Si
Family Chirostylidae<br />
Genus Uroptychus Henderson, 1888<br />
Family Chirostylidae 393<br />
Carapace broader than long, with lateral margins dentate or spinose; g<strong>as</strong>tric region<br />
with no spines; cornea much smaller than eyestalk (J. armalus
£»<br />
3<br />
i<br />
I<br />
I<br />
Uroptyckus armatus<br />
a. anterior part of body, dorsal view (male)<br />
b. merus and ischium of left third maxilliped<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897)<br />
! [
Family ( liirostylidae 395
396 Family Chirostylidae
Family Galatheidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| Adapted from Chace, 1942b|<br />
Family (Salathcidae 397<br />
1. Integument hard, well calcified; transverse ciliated lines on carapace feeble or<br />
absent; exopod of first maxilliped without l<strong>as</strong>h Munidopsis<br />
Integument pliable, not strongly calcified; well developed transverse ciliated lines<br />
on carapace; exopod of first maxilliped with simple l<strong>as</strong>h 2<br />
2. (1) Rostrum triangular and flattened or concave above Galathea rostrata<br />
Rostrum not triangular with long, slender spine (side walls of carapace not visible<br />
in dorsal view).. .. Munida<br />
Genus Munida Leach, 1820<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace, 1942b]<br />
1. Posterior margin of carapace unarmed; no median spines on cardiac region 2<br />
Ridge along posterior margin of carapace armed with spines; <strong>one</strong> or more median<br />
spines on cardiac region 11<br />
2. (1) Rostral spines armed laterally with distinct spinules M. spinifrons<br />
Rostral spine not distinctly spinose on margins 3<br />
3. (2) Inner terminal spine of b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle much shorter than<br />
outer <strong>one</strong> 4<br />
Inner terminal spine of b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle nearly or quite twice<br />
<strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> outer <strong>one</strong> 7<br />
4. (3) Intermediate spines present between <strong>large</strong> g<strong>as</strong>tric pair situated directly behind<br />
supraoculars 5<br />
No intermediate spines between <strong>large</strong> g<strong>as</strong>tric pair 6<br />
5. (4) No spines on dorsal surface of triangular area of carapace behind anterior branch of<br />
cervical groove M. miles<br />
One or two spines on each triangular area between branches of cervical groove, and<br />
widely separated pair behind posterior branch of cervical groove, <strong>one</strong> on either side<br />
of cardiac region M. sanctipauli
398 Family Galatheidae<br />
6. (4) Supraocular spines extending beyond eyes; second and third abdominal somites<br />
armed with spines ...M. valida<br />
Supraocular spines not reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> eyes; third abdominal somite unarmed<br />
M. forceps<br />
7. (3) Usually two or more spines on ridge behind cervical groove 8<br />
No spines on ridge behind cervical groove 10<br />
8. (7) Abdominal somites unarmed (two to four spines on ridge behind cervical groove)...<br />
M. irr<strong>as</strong>a<br />
Second abdominal somite armed with spinules 9<br />
9. (8) Supraocular spines reaching to or beyond cornea; medium-sized to <strong>large</strong> species<br />
M. iris iris<br />
Supraocular spines not reaching to cornea; very small species M. pusilla<br />
10. (7) Second abdominal somite usually armed with few spinules M. angulata<br />
Abdominal somites unarmed (spine at anterolateral angle of carapace long, followed<br />
by six small lateral spines) .fit. simplex<br />
11. (1) Rostral spine slightly shorter than supraocular spines fit. longipes<br />
Rostral spine distinctly longerthan supraoculars 12<br />
12. (11) Transverse striae of carapace armed with many small spinules; posterior margin of<br />
carapace armed with six to fifteen spines; b<strong>as</strong>al joint of antennular peduncle with<br />
from three to five lateral spines in addition to terminal pair; thoracic sternum with<br />
small marginal spine at insertion of each appendage fit. affinis<br />
Transverse striae of carapace at most tuberculate or beaded; posterior margin of<br />
carapace armed with two to six spines; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle with<br />
no or two lateral spines in addition to terminal pair; thoracic sternum unarmed<br />
(strong median spine on posterior portion of fourth abdominal somite; supraocular<br />
spines reaching to distal margin of cornea or beyond; transverse striae on carapace<br />
very numerous, discontinuous and obscure) fit. stimpsoni
Genus Munidopsis Whiteaves, 1874<br />
Key to species<br />
LAdapted from Mayo, 1974]<br />
Family Galatheidae 399<br />
1. Dorsal surface of carapace without distinct spines or pair of tubercles on g<strong>as</strong>tric<br />
region (rostrum slightly decurved; antennular spines adjacent or overlapping in<br />
dorsal view; no distinct protuberance beneath frontal margin lateral to eye)<br />
M. polita<br />
Dorsal surface of carapace with distinct spines or at le<strong>as</strong>t <strong>one</strong> pair of tubercles on<br />
g<strong>as</strong>tric region 2<br />
2. (1) Rostrum broad, spade-shaped; frontal margin of carapace with postantennal spine...<br />
M. platirostris<br />
Rostrum narrow, not simply spine-like, but with distal constriction, often with<br />
obtuse teeth at b<strong>as</strong>e of constriction; frontal margin of carapace without postantennal<br />
spine (g<strong>as</strong>tric region of carapace without distinct pair of sharp spines, but with pair<br />
of obscure tubercles or spinules; lateral submarginal depressions distinct on<br />
carapace) M. armata
t<br />
3<br />
Munida miles B<br />
Munida spinifrons<br />
b. dorsal view |<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Benedict, 1902, <strong>as</strong> M. decora) %<br />
(after Henderson, 1888)<br />
Munida valida<br />
Munida sanctipauli<br />
e. frontal region and appendages,<br />
dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
d. antennular peduncle, ventrolateral view<br />
(c, after Henderson, 1888; d, after specimen at<br />
SI-NMNH, USNM 11487)
mfyiim<br />
Family Galatheidae 401<br />
Qj
Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a<br />
Munida forceps<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
b. frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897)<br />
c. right chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Munida pusilla<br />
Munida iris iris<br />
ovigerous female:<br />
female:<br />
f. frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />
& frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />
g. first, second, and third abdominal somites,<br />
dorsal view<br />
e. second, third, and part of fourth abdominal<br />
somites, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
O t=<br />
Family C.'nlalheidao 403
Munida simplex<br />
Munida angulata<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Benedict, 1902)<br />
(after Benedict, 1902)<br />
Munida affinis<br />
Munida longipes<br />
male:<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
& frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
e. left antennule<br />
f. sternum<br />
(d, after A. Milne Edwards andBouvier, 1897;<br />
e, f, after Chace, 1942b)
Family Galatheidae 405
•fe.<br />
Family Galatheidae 407
O<br />
00<br />
Galathea rostrata<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Galatheidae 409
410 Family Porcellanidae<br />
Family Porcellanidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Gore and Abele, 1976]<br />
1. Carapace at le<strong>as</strong>t 1.5 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; form elongate, "Hippa"-like; <strong>large</strong><br />
orbit-like concavity on hepatic margin, its outer angle marked by tooth<br />
Euceramus praelongus<br />
Carapace less than or nearly 1.5 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; form not elongate, or<br />
"Hippa"-like; no <strong>large</strong> orbit-like concavity on hepatic margin 2<br />
2. (1) B<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennae short, not strongly produced forward to meet anterior<br />
margin of carapace, movable segments with free access to orbit 3<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennae strongly produced forward and broadly in contact with<br />
anterior margin of carapace, movable segments thus far removed from orbit 6<br />
3. (2) Posterior portions of side walls of carapace lacking or consisting of <strong>one</strong> or more<br />
small pieces, separated by membranous interspaces behind epibranchial regions ... 4<br />
Posterior portions of side walls of carapace entire, without small pieces or<br />
membranous are<strong>as</strong> behind epibranchial regions 5<br />
4. (3) Side walls of carapace incomplete; portion posterior to epibranchial or<br />
mesobranchial area occupied by membrane Neopisosoma angustifrons<br />
Side walls of carapace consisting of <strong>one</strong> or more pieces separated by membranous<br />
interspaces in epibranchial or mesobranchial area (front triangular or transverse in<br />
dorsal view, never with projecting teeth; carapace more or less subquadrate;<br />
chelipeds very robust and thick) Pachycheles<br />
5. (3) B<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennule not laterally expanded; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment neither<br />
produced inward nor forming partial suborbital margin; front triangular, prominent;<br />
carapace with distinct frontal, epibranchial and mesobranchial spinules; cheliped<br />
with fingers distorted, gaping, deeply grooved along cutting edges, spo<strong>one</strong>d and<br />
truncate at tips; telson 7-plated Parapetrolisthes tortugensis<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment <strong>as</strong> above; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment either not produced<br />
inward or, if with distinct inward projection, forming only partial suborbital<br />
margin; front triangular or trilobate, usually prominent; carapace without<br />
mesobranchial spinules; cheliped fingers normal, not grooved along cutting edges<br />
or spo<strong>one</strong>d at tips; telson almost invariably 7-plated Petrolisthes<br />
6. (2) Dactyli of walking legs ending in 2 or more <strong>large</strong>, strong, fixed spines; carapace<br />
markedly broader than long, front nearly transverse in dorsal view<br />
Polyonyx gibbesi<br />
Dactyli of walking legs ending in single spines, usually with accessory movable<br />
spinules on posterior margins 7
Family Porcellanidae 411<br />
7. (6) Front prominent, tridentate or trilobate in dorsal view; carapace only slightly longer<br />
than broad (lateral margins of carapace unarmed postrior to epibranchial angle;<br />
fingers on chelipeds not twisted out of plane with palm, more or less normal).........<br />
Porcellana<br />
Front deflexed, appearing rounded or faintly trilobate in dorsal view; carapace about<br />
<strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long (b<strong>as</strong>al segments of antennules very small, recessed behind front,<br />
latter projecting shelflike over antennules) Megalobrachium
412 Family Porcellanidae<br />
Genus Megalobrachium Stimpson, 1858<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Gore and Abele, 1976]<br />
Telson of abdomen with 5 plates (carapace, chelipeds, and walking legs tuberculate;<br />
lateral margins rounded, dentate; frontal, postfrontal, and protog<strong>as</strong>tric lobes,<br />
viewed frontally, appearing low, rounded, indistinct, usually smooth, rarely<br />
granular) .M. soriatum<br />
Telson of abdomen with 7 plates (carapace and chelipeds thickly covered with<br />
coarse hairs; chelipeds heavily and evenly granulate; protog<strong>as</strong>tric regions, viewed<br />
frontally, appearing distinct and clearly elevated above frontal and hepatic regions;<br />
propodi of walking legs more slender, from 2.8 to 3 times longer than wide)<br />
M. poeyi<br />
Genus Pachycheles Stimpson, 1858<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Haig, 1956]<br />
1. Chelipeds thickly covered with stiff bristles. P. pilosus<br />
No stiff bristles on chelipeds 2<br />
2. (1) Chelipeds smooth except for rugosity on outer margin of carpus P. riisei<br />
Chelipeds rough over entire surface 3<br />
3. (2) Chelipeds with high longitudinal ridges; in between ridges rows of deep pits<br />
present P. rugiman us<br />
Chelipeds with longitudinal rows of <strong>large</strong> flattened tubercles 4<br />
4. (3) Fingers of chelipeds neither gaping nor full of pubescence; space between tubercles<br />
of chelipeds glabrous or nearly so; tubercles low, rows irregular ...P. ackleianus<br />
Fingers of major cheliped gaping and full of pubescence; space between tubercles<br />
filled with pubescence; tubercles heavy, in regular rows P. monilifer
Genus Petrolisthes Stimpson, 1858<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Haig, 1956]<br />
Family Porcellanidae 413<br />
1. Telson of abdomen with 5 plates (3 or 4 teeth on carpus of chelipeds pointed,<br />
denticulate; outer margin of manus with longitudinal groove; carapace, chelipeds,<br />
and gape of fingers lightly pubescent) P. jugosus<br />
Telson of abdomen with 7 plates. ...2<br />
2. (1) Carpus of cheliped armed with 4 teeth or lobes; no spines (except epibranchial<br />
spine) on lateral margins of carapace (carapace very rough with prominent,<br />
transversepiliferousrugae) .....P. galathinus<br />
Carpus of cheliped armed with 3 low, wide-set, spine-tipped teeth 3<br />
3. (2) Carapace transversely rugose; epibranchial spine present P. armatus<br />
Surface of carapace more or less smooth, not rugose; no epibranchial spine<br />
P. politus<br />
Genus Porcellana Lamarck, 1801<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Haig, 1956]<br />
1. Median lobe of front rounded, not surp<strong>as</strong>sing internal orbital angles; chelae without<br />
hairs; length and breadth of carapace about equal P. stimpsoni<br />
Median lobe of front pointed, surp<strong>as</strong>sing internal orbital angles; chelae with fringe<br />
of hairs on outer margin; carapace longer than broad 2<br />
2. (1) Inner angle of carpus of cheliped with broad lobe; epibranchial angle low, rounded,<br />
lobe-like, sometimes spine-tipped P. sayana<br />
Inner angle of carpus with low, spine-tipped lobe; epibranchial angle with shaip<br />
spine P. sigsbeiana
4^<br />
4^<br />
•53<br />
65<br />
3<br />
o<br />
Megalobrachium soriatum Megalobrachium poeyi<br />
a. dorsal view b. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a) (after Benedict, 1901)
Family Porcellanidae 415
I—'<br />
ON<br />
*3<br />
3<br />
Pachycheles nisei<br />
Pachycheles pilosus<br />
o<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Benedict, 1901, <strong>as</strong> Pisosoma glabra)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
Pachycheles ackleianus<br />
Pachycheles rugimanus<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Gore, 1974)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
f<br />
i'amily Porcellanidae 417
Pachycheles monifer<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Dana, 1855)
Family Porcellanidae 419
©<br />
•n<br />
Petrolisthes galathinus<br />
Petrolisthes jugosus<br />
©<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984) 2<br />
(after Gore and Abele, 1976)<br />
Petrolisthes politus<br />
Petrolisthes armatus<br />
& dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Gore, 1974)<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)
Family I'orccllanidue 421
Porcellana sayana<br />
Porcellana stimpsoni<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1923)<br />
Porcellana sigsbeiana<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Porccllanidae 423
4^<br />
3<br />
Neopisosoma angustifrons<br />
Euce ramus praelongus<br />
o<br />
b. dorsal view §<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Benedict, 1901) |<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
Poly onyx gibbesi<br />
Parapetrolisthes tortugensis<br />
d. dorsal view (female)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945)
Family Porcellanidae 425
426 Family Porcellanidae<br />
'S
Family Albuneidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
bam ily Albuneidae 427<br />
1. Eyestalks small and fused together; anterior margin of carapace with two submedian<br />
teeth separated by concavity Zygopa michaelis<br />
Eyestalks elongate or broad, separate from each other; anterior margin of carapace<br />
with single median tooth (rostrum) .• . 2<br />
2. (1) Eyestalks narrow, triangular. Albunea<br />
Eyestalks broad, oval Lepidopa<br />
Genus Albunea Weber, 1795<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Dactyli of second and third pereopods with blunt, rectangular lobes at b<strong>as</strong>es of<br />
anterior borders A. gibbesii<br />
Dactyli of second pereopods with <strong>as</strong>ymmetrically mucronate spurs, third pereopods<br />
with acute, falciform spurs at b<strong>as</strong>es of anterior borders A. paretii<br />
Genus Lepidopa Stimpson, 1858<br />
Key to species<br />
Eye-plates squarish, distal edge carrying many teeth (20 or more in <strong>large</strong><br />
individuals), teeth close together, almost touching L. benedicti<br />
Eye-plates roundish, distal edge rounded and smooth L. websteri
•83<br />
3<br />
Albunea paretii<br />
Albunea gibbesii<br />
d. dorsal view g<br />
a, b, c. dactyli of second to fourth pereopods<br />
e, f, g. dactyli of second to fourth pereopods g<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Lepidopa websteri<br />
Lepidopa benedicti<br />
i. dorsal view<br />
h. carapace and eyes, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after Holthuis, I960)
% 2fe^;<br />
ily Albuncldae 429
•o<br />
Zygopa michaelis<br />
a. carapace and anterior region, dorsal view<br />
(after Holtnais, 1960)
Family Albuncitlne 431
4^<br />
1<br />
B<br />
I<br />
f
Family Hippidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Haig, 1974]<br />
Family Hippidae 433<br />
Antennal flagella very long; dactyli of first pereopods oval and lamellate... Emerita<br />
Antennal flagella short; dactyli of first pereopods styliform, not multiarticulate<br />
Hippa cubensis<br />
Genus Emerita Scopoli, 1777<br />
Key to species<br />
[From Felder, 1973]<br />
1. Dactyli of first thoracic pereopods rounded or obtuse distally E. talpoida<br />
Dactyli of first pereopods subacute or sharply pointed distally 2<br />
2. (1) Lateral epimeral expansion of carapace (lower postero-lateral area) marked to<br />
inferior margin with transverse lines continued from posterior dorsum of carapace ..<br />
-.E. benedicti<br />
Lateral epimeral expansion of carapace smooth and punctate, light traces of<br />
transverse lines of dorsum showing only on upper part of epimeral expansion<br />
E. portoricensis
65<br />
3<br />
Emerita benedicti<br />
Emerita talpoida<br />
TO<br />
•a<br />
a<br />
b. lateral view (female)<br />
a. lateral view (female)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Hippa cubensis<br />
Emerita portdricensis<br />
female:<br />
c. carapace, lateral view<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
(after Felder, 1973)<br />
e. left first pereopod<br />
(after Monod, 1956)
Family Hippidae 435
I<br />
*5<br />
I
Infraorder Brachyura<br />
Family Dromiidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Felder, 1973]<br />
Family Dromiidae 437<br />
1. Carapace dorsally firm, hard and coverd with short hairs 2<br />
Carapace with soft, membranous, naked or sparsely haired mid dorsal area<br />
Hypoconcha<br />
2. (1) Carapace broader than long; fronto-orbital width in adult 1/3 or less of carapace<br />
width .. Dromia erythropus<br />
Carapace longer than broad; fronto-orbital width in adult 1/2 or more of carapace<br />
width ... Dromidia antillensis<br />
Genus Hypochoncha Guerin-Meneville, 1854<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Ventral surface of carapace with 3 granulated nodules forming triangle on either<br />
side; not hairy H. sabulosa<br />
Ventral surface of carapace often granulate or spiny but without 3 nodules forming<br />
triangle on either side; often hairy 2<br />
2. (1) Ventral surface of carapace visibly granulate; posterior side of orbit raised but never<br />
conspicuously spined H. arcuata<br />
Ventral surface of carapace with scattered, sharp granules or spines often partly or<br />
wholly concealed by thick pubescence; posterior side of orbit surmounted by strong<br />
spine H. spinosissima
HypQch<strong>one</strong>ka arcuata<br />
Hyp0choncka sabulosa<br />
b. anterior part, ventral view<br />
a. anterior part, ventral view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Hypochoncha spinosissima<br />
c. ventral view (holotype female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)
Family Dromiidae 439
O<br />
Dromia erythropus Dromidia antillensis<br />
a. outline of carapace and eyes, dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937) (after Williams, 1984)
Family Dromiidae 441
Families Homolodromiidae/Cymonomidae 443<br />
Family Homolodromiidae<br />
Genus Dicranodromia A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Carapace ovoid; antennules folding under rostral teeth; walking legs short; eyes<br />
<strong>large</strong> and deep in orbital cavity; l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs of pereopods subcheliform, propodus<br />
not forming a distinct digit [from Rathbun, 1937] D. ovata<br />
Family Cymonomidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />
Eyes without pigment; antennules <strong>large</strong>, unconcealed; merus of outer (third)<br />
maxilliped produced forward far beyond carpal articulation<br />
.. Cymonomus quadratus<br />
Eyes normally developed; antennules folding under front; merus of outer maxilliped<br />
not overreaching palp • Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi
Dicranodromia ovata Cymonomus quadratus s<br />
•SB<br />
a. dorsal view b. dorsal view |<br />
c<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902) (after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902) 1<br />
o<br />
3<br />
a<br />
o<br />
s<br />
o<br />
3<br />
Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902)
Families Homolodromiidae/Cymonomidae 445
ON<br />
•=3<br />
i.<br />
• *<br />
•0<br />
m<br />
o<br />
•o<br />
a<br />
»i<br />
-o<br />
3<br />
a<br />
»<br />
O<br />
3<br />
•o<br />
3<br />
©<br />
3<br />
a<br />
K<br />
n
Family Cyclodorippidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
Family Cyclodorippidae 447<br />
Antennules small, completely retractile; antennae very short, with valviform<br />
peduncle Clythrocerus<br />
Antennules long, incapable of folding into antennular cavity; antennae with narrow<br />
peduncle Tymolus antennaria<br />
Genus Clythrocerus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />
1. Two lateral teeth or spines behind orbital tooth (distance between lateral spines less<br />
than between foremost tooth and orbital tooth; spine present above and between<br />
lateral spines; three frontal teeth).... C. stimpsoni<br />
Only <strong>one</strong> lateral tooth or spine behind orbital tooth 2<br />
2. (1) Front with two teeth (carapace thick, smooth, and shining) C. nitidus<br />
Front with three teeth (carapace and appendages densely granulate; margins of<br />
carapace spinulous) C. granulatus
4^<br />
00<br />
•=3<br />
65<br />
3<br />
Clythrocerus nitidus<br />
o<br />
b. dorsal view (female) £.<br />
c<br />
a<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937) I<br />
Clythrocerus stimpsoni<br />
a. outline of carapace, dorsal view (holotype female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />
Tymolus antennaria<br />
Clythrocerus granulatus<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
c. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />
(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)
Family Cyclodorippidae 449
O<br />
3<br />
o<br />
r»<br />
o"<br />
a<br />
o<br />
2^<br />
•5"<br />
•a.<br />
a<br />
»
Family Homolidac<br />
Genus Homola Leach, 1815<br />
Families Homolidae/Latreilliidae 451<br />
Carapace broadest anteriorly; second segment of antennal peduncle with anteroexternal<br />
spine; rostrum bidentate (from Rathbun, 1937J H. barbata<br />
Family Latreilliidae<br />
Genus Latreillia Roux, 1830<br />
Each of l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods (fourth walking legs) with propodus clearly more<br />
than half length of carpus and bearing conspicuous, featherlike row of long hairs<br />
along full length of that segment on each side; dorsal spine absent on "neck"; l<strong>as</strong>t<br />
pereopod with propodus decidedly shorter than carpus; dactylus closing against<br />
subdistal spinules to form subchela; propodus of l<strong>as</strong>t pereopod 0.44-0.61 length of<br />
carpus; length of carapace about 173 length of merus of walking leg [from Williams,<br />
1982] L. manningi
tv><br />
33<br />
o<br />
3<br />
©<br />
a<br />
r<br />
»<br />
a<br />
Homola barbata Latreillia manningi f<br />
a. dorsal view b. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984) (after WilHams et al., 1968)
Families Homolidae/Latreilliidae 453
-fe.<br />
4^<br />
»sa<br />
o<br />
3<br />
o
Family Raninidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1937, and Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Raninidae 455<br />
1. Fronto-orbital border more than half width of carapace 2<br />
Fronto-orbital border less than half width of carapace 3<br />
2. (1) Orbits of moderate size, slightly oblique and situated on anterior border of carapace,<br />
ocular peduncle folded almost transversely or longitudinally; l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods<br />
slender Raninoides<br />
Orbits <strong>large</strong>, deep cavities in lower side of carapace forming inverted V with point<br />
at rostrum, ocular peduncles folded strongly and obliquely downward and<br />
backward; l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods not slender Ranilia<br />
3. (1) Carapace smooth; chelae broad and flat... Lyreidus nitidus<br />
Carapace eroded; chelae elongate, manus swollen, fingers long and slender<br />
Symethis variolosa<br />
Genus Ranilia H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Hand of cheliped with spine on upper margin R. muricata<br />
Hand of cheliped without spine on upper margin R. constricta<br />
Genus Raninoides H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1937]<br />
Spine at distal end of merus of cheliped; four spines on lower margin of manus<br />
R. loevis<br />
No spine at distal end of merus of cheliped; five or six spines on lower margin of<br />
manus R. louisianensis
4^<br />
in<br />
Ranilia constricta i<br />
Ranilia muricata<br />
female: jo<br />
a. dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />
b. dorsal view E<br />
a<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
c. right cheliped and first walking leg<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Raninoides louisianensis<br />
Raninoides loevis<br />
f. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
d. anterior part of carapace, dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />
e. distal half of right cheliped, upper surface<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)
Family Raninidae 457
Symethis variolosa<br />
Lyreidus nitidus<br />
b. dorsal view (female)<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937, <strong>as</strong>L. bairdii)
Family Raninidae 459
•O<br />
. T3<br />
65<br />
3<br />
85<br />
5"<br />
a<br />
ts
Family Dorippidae<br />
Genus Ethusa Roux, 1828<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />
Family Dorippidae 461<br />
1. Eyestalks long, extending laterally beyond outer orbital spine (outer orbital spine<br />
directed obliquely forward). E. m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana<br />
Eyestalks short, not extending beyond outer orbital spine. 2<br />
2. (1) Dactyli of first and second walking legs not flattened E. tenuipes<br />
Dactyli of first and second walking legs flattened above 3<br />
3. (2) Carapace <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong>, or broader than, long . E. microphthalma<br />
Carapace longer than broad E. truncata
Ethusa tenuipes<br />
Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana<br />
b. dorsal view (female)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(from Abele's personal drawing)<br />
Ethusa truncata<br />
Ethusa microphthalma<br />
& dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
-X<br />
Family Dorippidae 463
3<br />
«5"<br />
•o<br />
•5"<br />
"2.<br />
a<br />
ft
Family Calappidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 19841<br />
Family Calappidae 465<br />
1. Chelae dissimilar; <strong>large</strong> tooth on dactylus and pair of protuberances on propodus of<br />
major chela 2<br />
Chelae essentially symmetrical, no unusually en<strong>large</strong>d teeth or protuberances 4<br />
2. (1) Posterolateral region of carapace expanded into dentate, winglike projection<br />
. Calappa<br />
Posterolateral region of carapace not expanded into dentate, winglike projection.... 3<br />
3. (2) Merus of cheliped with very long, outstanding spine Acanthocarpus<br />
Merus of cheliped without long spine; carapace subcircular, small spine at lateral<br />
angle Cycloes bairdii<br />
4. (1) Carapace considerably broader than long, regularly convex above Hepatus<br />
Carapace nearly <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad, dorsal surface uneven Osachila<br />
Genus Acanthocarpus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />
Carapace narrowing in posterior half; short spine on posterolateral margin<br />
A. alexandri<br />
Carapace subcircular; long spine on posterolateral margin A. bispinosus
466 Family Calappidae<br />
Genus Calappa Weber, 1795<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 1984, and Rathbun, 1937]<br />
1. Orbits completely separated from antennular sockets (surface quite rough, covered<br />
with rounded protuberances and granulate) C. angusta<br />
Orbits not separated from antennular sockets. 2<br />
2. (1) Carapace with prominent horizonlial tooth at each end of posterior margin (sharp<br />
spine at angle of posterolateral wing and another at proximal end of manus)<br />
C. sulcata<br />
Carapace without spine at either end of posterior margin. .3<br />
3. (2) Deep hollow between g<strong>as</strong>tric and hepatic regions (posterior third of carapace covcrd<br />
with short transverse granulated lines) C. gallus<br />
No deep hollow between g<strong>as</strong>tric and hepatic regions 4<br />
4. (3) Darker part of color pattern on carapace in interlacing bands on anterior half,<br />
becoming obliquely longitudinal stripes and fading somewhat on posterior half<br />
C. flammea<br />
Darker part of color pattern on anterior of carapace in becoming reticular in pattern<br />
at midlength but fading posteriorly C. ocellata<br />
Genus Hepatus Latreille, 1802<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Carapace covered with <strong>large</strong>, usually discrete spots (spots may be interconnected or<br />
form irregular, transverse stripes, proportionately small in juveniles); front<br />
noticeably tuberculate and truncate H. epheliticus<br />
Carapace covered with small spots often aligned in transverse rows; front slightly<br />
tuberculate and obtusely bidentate H. pudibundus
Genus Osachila Stimpson, 1871<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Kajlibun, 1937|<br />
Family Calappidae 467<br />
1. Dorsal surface of carapace wholly eroded; cardiac elevation pointed behind<br />
O. antillensis<br />
Dorsal surface of carapace partly eroded, including elevations; cardiac elevation<br />
rounded behind 2<br />
2. (1) Posterolateral margin of carapace shorter than anterolateral, thickened and raised,<br />
bearing 3 lobes including lateral angle, third lobe obsolescent O. semilevis<br />
Posterolateral margin of carapace about <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> anterolateral margin, not<br />
thickened and raised, bearing 4 lobes including angle, second lobe smallest<br />
O. tuberosa
ON<br />
»<br />
5"<br />
Acanthocarpus alexandri Acanthocarpus Mspinosus<br />
a. dorsal view (male) b. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a) (after Rathbun, 1937)
Family Calappidae 469
©<br />
Calappa sulcata f.<br />
Calappa angusta<br />
female: o<br />
ST<br />
b. dorsal view 5<br />
a<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
c. major chela, external view "<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
Calappa flammea<br />
Calappa gallus<br />
e. dorsal view (female)<br />
& dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1958)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)
Family Calappidae 471
3<br />
n<br />
Calappa ocellata<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Holthuis, 1958)
Fan,,, y C.|app idae<br />
473
4S><br />
4^<br />
»<br />
Hepatus epheliticus Hepatus pudidundus<br />
a. dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a) (after Holthuis, 1959)
Family Calappidae 475
ss<br />
3<br />
Osachila semilevis n<br />
Osachila antillensis<br />
a<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />
Cycloes bairdii<br />
Osachila tuberosa<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Calappidae 477
00<br />
I<br />
a"<br />
O<br />
»<br />
ET<br />
•d<br />
"Si<br />
a
Family Leucosiidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />
Family Lcucosiidue 479<br />
1. Merus of outer (third) maxilliped half or more than half length of ischium me<strong>as</strong>ured<br />
along inner border; fingers stout, gradually narrowing from b<strong>as</strong>e to tip 2<br />
Merus of outer maxilliped less than half length of ischium me<strong>as</strong>ured along inner<br />
border; fingers slender, of subequal width throughout 7<br />
2. (1) Pterygostomian margin terminating anteriorly in circular depression behind orbit;<br />
surface of carapace uneven; chelipeds of moderate length 3<br />
Pterygostomian margin not terminating in circular depression and often obscure;<br />
carapace almost hemispherical, surface only slightly uneven; chelipeds often<br />
elongate . 6<br />
3. (2) Carapace broadly elliptical, sides expanded Uhli<strong>as</strong> limbatus<br />
Carapace narrower, pentagonal to octagonal, surface very uneven 4<br />
4. (3) Peep hollows or caves within posterior half of carapace. Speloeophorus<br />
No deep hollows or caves within posterior half of carapace 5<br />
5. (4) Upper surface of carapace deeply excavate Lithadia<br />
Upper surface of carapace uneven but not deeply excavate Ebalia<br />
6. (2) Chelipeds rather m<strong>as</strong>sive; abdominal segments 3-5 fused in male Persephona<br />
Chelipeds long and slender; abdominal segments 3-6 fused in male; cardiac and<br />
intestinal regions indicated Myropsis quinquespinosa<br />
7. (1) Posterior half of carapace with seven spines; anterior half of carapace with three<br />
spines on each side Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per<br />
Posterior half of carapace with three spines; anterior half of carapace with no spines<br />
or with <strong>one</strong> spine on each side Iliacantha
480 Family Le ucosiidae<br />
Genus Ebalia Leach, 1817<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Carapace octagon at E. cariosa<br />
Carapace hexagonal or subglobular E. stimpsonii<br />
Genus Iliacantha Stimpson, 1871<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937j<br />
1. Short, blunt spine on subhepatic margin (posterior margin between lateral spines<br />
invisible in dorsal view; carapace with many <strong>large</strong> granules) /. sparsa<br />
No spine on subhepatic margin .- .. 2<br />
2. (1) Fingers of chela about half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm /. intermedia<br />
Fingers longer than palm 3<br />
3. (2) Spines of posterior margin subtriangular, blunt /. subglobosa<br />
Spines of posterior margin conical, acute. /. liodactylus<br />
Genus Lithadia Bell, 1855<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />
Anterior median carina present on carapace (branchial region almost entirely<br />
swollen; rostrum slightly concave) L. cadaver osa<br />
No anterior median carina (highest point a small branchial pyramid either side in<br />
line with widest part of carapace) L. granulosa
Genus Persephona Leach, 1817<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from I-elder, 1973 \<br />
Family Leucosiidae 481<br />
Carapace with several tubercles or en<strong>large</strong>d granules on each side, <strong>one</strong> at widest<br />
part of carapace, another less than halfway from there to hepatic protuberance, and<br />
usually <strong>one</strong> on subhepatic protuberance (less obvious in females than in males);<br />
coarse granules on lateral are<strong>as</strong> of carapace not arranged in single marginal line;<br />
fresh specimens usually with carapace uniform blue-gray color P. crinita<br />
Carapace without singularly en<strong>large</strong>d granules or tubercles on sides, but with<br />
distinct single line of coarse granules defining lateral margin; fresh specimens<br />
usually with red blotches and patterns on cream-colored carapace<br />
P. mediterranea<br />
Genus Speloeophorus A. Milne Edwards, 1865<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />
1. Deep cavity of carapace with only 2 openings, not visible dorsally; carapace<br />
hexagonal S. nodosus<br />
Deep cavity of carapace with 4 openings, visible dorsally; carapace octagonal 2<br />
2. (1) Dorsal pair of openings small; carapace highest at anterior end of branchial<br />
elevation S. pontifer<br />
Dorsal pair of openings <strong>large</strong>; carapace highest near middle of branchial elevation,<br />
narrower than in S. pontifer S. elevatus
•30<br />
*=1<br />
Ebalia cariosa Ebalia stimpsonii<br />
a. dorsal view b. dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Williams, 1984) (after Williams, 1984)
Family Leucosiidae 483
•oo<br />
liacantha intermedia<br />
Iliacantha sparsa<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />
Iliacantha liodactylus<br />
Iliacantha subglobosa<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Leucosiidue 485
4-<br />
Oft<br />
©Y<br />
Lithadia cadaverosa<br />
65.<br />
3:<br />
Lithadia granulosa<br />
female:<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. carapace, dorsal view<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />
a.<br />
c. left cheliped, external view<br />
d. first right walking leg<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />
Persephona mediterranea<br />
Persephona crinita<br />
i. dorsal view<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
f. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />
g. right chela, external view<br />
h. walking leg, external view<br />
(from Abele's personal drawings)
Family Leucosiidae 487
4^<br />
00<br />
Speloeophorus pontifer<br />
Speloeophorus nodosus<br />
b. dorsal view (female)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
Speloeophorus elevatus<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)
Family Leucusiidne 48
Mywpsis quinquespinosa<br />
Caltidactylus <strong>as</strong>per<br />
b. dorsal view (female)<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(afterWilliamsetal., 1968)<br />
(after Williams et al, 1968)<br />
UhU<strong>as</strong> limbatus<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1937)
^^X<br />
Family Leucosiidae 491
492 Family Leucosiidae
Family Majidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Garth, 1958, and Rathbun, 19251<br />
Family Majidae 493<br />
1. Eyes either without orbits or with incomplete or commencing orbits 2<br />
Eyes with nearly complete or complete orbits; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment very broad....<br />
.,.: :.. ....28<br />
2. (1) Eyes without orbits; eyestalks generally long, either nonretractile or retractile<br />
against sides of carapace or against acute postocular spine affording no<br />
concealment; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment extremely slender and usually long 3<br />
Eyes with incomplete or commencing orbits; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not extremely<br />
slender \5<br />
3. (2) Spine intercalated between pre- and postorbital spines Achaeopsis thomsoni<br />
No spine intercalated between pre- and postorbital spines 4<br />
4. (3) Seven free abdominal segments in both sexes; rostrum double<br />
Anomalothir furcillatus<br />
Six free abdominal segments in male, five in female , 5<br />
5. (4) Rostrum double. 6<br />
Rostrum single 10<br />
6. (5) Interantennular spine absent or inconspicuous. Collodes<br />
Jnterantennular spine present an4 conspicuous 7<br />
7. (6) Eyestalks slender; 3 erect median spines. Arachnopsis filipes<br />
Eyestalks not slender 8<br />
8. (7) Seven long capitate spines... Aepinus septemspinosus<br />
Fewer than 7 carapace spines. .... 9<br />
9. (8) Spine of b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment equally advanced with front Euprognatha<br />
Spine of b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not equally advanced with front<br />
Batrachonotus fragosus<br />
10. (5) Merus of outer (third) maxilliped <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> ischium; palp of moderate size 11<br />
Merus of outer maxilliped often narrower than ischium; palp <strong>large</strong> and coarse 13
494 Faihily JVfajidae<br />
11. (10) F'ostorbital tooth <strong>large</strong>, curving around eye. Pyromaia<br />
Postotbitai tooth small or, if <strong>large</strong>, not curving around eye...............;........... 12<br />
12. (11) Carapace rough with spines and tubercles; legs not subprehensile. •..-..<br />
An<strong>as</strong>imus tattis<br />
Carapace smooth; legs subprehensile. Inachoides forceps<br />
13. (10) Rostrum considerably less than postrostral length, b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment often<br />
longitudinally sulcate Podochela<br />
Rostrum approaching or surp<strong>as</strong>sing postrostral length, b<strong>as</strong>al antertnal segment not<br />
longitudinally sulcate i .14<br />
14. (13) Carapace nodulous; long spine at end of merus of each walking leg; rostrum few<br />
spined Metoporhaphis calcurata<br />
Carapace smooth; spines at ends of meri of walking legs no longer than others;<br />
rostrum multispihose Siehdrhynchus seiicornis<br />
15. (2) Eyes with commencing orbits having, in addition to supraocular spine, <strong>large</strong>,<br />
cupped postocuiar process into which eyes retract; eyestalks short 16<br />
Eyes without true orbits, lacking postocuiar cup. .... 21<br />
16. (15) Intercalated spine present. .... —..............17<br />
intercalated spine absent .18<br />
17. (16) First pair of walking legs much longer than remaining pairs...... Chorinus heros<br />
Walking legs diminishing regularly from first to l<strong>as</strong>t pair Nibilia antilocapra<br />
18. (16) Supraocular eave and postocuiar process closely approximated Libihia<br />
Supraocular eave and postocuiar process not closely approximated. 19<br />
19. (18) Rostrum bifid for not more than half its length or at tip only Pelia tnutica<br />
Rostrum bifid for more than half its length. .................. 26<br />
20. (19) Two rows of spines on walking legs Oplopisa spinipes<br />
Walking legs without two rows of spines. Rochinid<br />
21 (15) liyeslalks long; orbit partially protected' by hornlike supraocular spine or by jagged<br />
poslocular tooth or by both; body often truncate in front 22<br />
Eyestalks short, little movable, and either concealed by supraocular spine of sunk<br />
in sides of rostrum; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal Segment truncate-triangular —.......... 25
Family Majidae 495<br />
22. (21) Byes furnished with orbits completely enclosed, often outstanding and tubular. 23<br />
Orbit unprotected below; eyes protected above by lamellate projection consisting<br />
of supraocular eave and outgrowth of hepatic region . 24<br />
23. (22) Rostrum long, greatly advanced beyond orbits; preocular spine twice length of<br />
remainder of orbit; legs filiform; first movable segment of antenna cylindrical<br />
Picroceroides tubularis<br />
Rostrum short, little if at all advanced beyond orbits; preocular spine not long;<br />
legs moderately robust; first movable segment of antenna flattened .. Pitho<br />
24. (22) B<strong>as</strong>al prolongation of exopod of third maxilliped curving forward and usually<br />
lodged in groove of ischium of endognath; abdomen 7-segmented in both sexes ...<br />
Tyche emarginata<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al prolongation of exopod of third maxilliped not recurving; merus of<br />
endognath strongly arched, brilliantly glistening, and porcellanous; abdomen of<br />
female with segments 4-6 coalesced Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera<br />
25. (21) Rostrum double 26<br />
Rostrum single or secondarily divaricate 27<br />
26. (25) Seven free abdominal segments in both sexes Sphenocarcinus corrosus<br />
Six free abdominal segments in both sexes; legs subchelate<br />
Acanthonyx petiverii<br />
27. (25) Six free abdominal segments in male, five in female Epialtus<br />
Five free abdominal segments in male Mocosoa crebripunctata<br />
28. (1) Intercalated spine present; orbits sometimes projecting beyond general outline of<br />
carapace, but never tubular 29<br />
Intercalated spine absent; orbits tubular 32<br />
29. (28) Orbits not projecting laterally beyond general outline of carapace; carapace<br />
subtriangular; legs cristate , 30<br />
Orbits projecting laterally somewhat beyond general outline of carapace 31<br />
30. (29) Carapace very high on median line; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna broader than long....<br />
Hemus cristulipes<br />
Carapace not noticeably high on median line, lobulate; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna<br />
no broader than long Thoe puella
496 Family Majidae<br />
31. (29) Rostrum small; carapace ovate, usually broader than long: .. Mithrax<br />
Rostrum of good size, usually with two strong horns; carapace broadly pyriform;<br />
b<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment armed with prominent spine at anteroexternal angle .........<br />
Microphrys<br />
32. (28) Lateral margin of carapace armed with series of strong spines; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal<br />
segment very broad 33<br />
Lateral margin of carapace not armed with series of strong spines, but with spine,<br />
usually strong, at lateral angle of carapace 34<br />
33. (32) B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment quadridentate; postocular tooth <strong>large</strong>, quadrangular,<br />
armed with two teeth or spines Coelocerus spinosus<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment with fewer than four spines or teeth; postocular tooth of<br />
moderate size, triangular, armed with only <strong>one</strong> spine Stenocionops<br />
34. (32) Orbits strongly projecting; rostral homs short; carapace broad....Macrocoeloma<br />
Orbits little projecting; rostral horns long and slender; carapace narrow..............<br />
Leptopisa setirostris
Genus Collpdes Stimpson, I860<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
Family Majidae 497<br />
1. Carapace with median spines..., 2<br />
Carapace without median spines 4<br />
2. (1) Rostrum simple, not bifid (b<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment with inner crest armed with three<br />
spiniform teeth) C. obesus<br />
Rostrum bifid ..3<br />
3. (2) Walking legs hairy (granules evenly distributed on branchial region).<br />
C. trispinosus<br />
Walking legs naked .
498 Family Majidae<br />
Getius Epialtus H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
1. Rostrum simple, margin entire or nearly so. .. .. 2<br />
Rostrum either bilobed or bidentate 4<br />
2. (1) Rostrum dorsally carinate; carapace widest at hepatic regions; cardiac region conical.<br />
'•...' E. kingsleyi<br />
Rostrum not dorsally carinate > 3<br />
3. (2) Carapace with very shallow sinus between lateral lobes; hand of male high;<br />
preorbital angles obtuse; tip of rostrum rounded E. bituberculatus<br />
Carapace with deep sinus between lateral lobes; hand of male elongate; preorbital<br />
angles sharp (rostrum very narrow, sides parallel, tip subtruncate, with faint<br />
indication of two lobes) E. longirostris<br />
4. (1) Rostrum short; carapace in front of anterior margin of hepatic lobe much shorter<br />
than behind same region; hepatic lobe much <strong>large</strong>r than branchial lobe (hepatic lobe<br />
hot directed forward; rostrum narrowing anteriorly; tuft of hair present on propodi<br />
of legs) E. dildtatus<br />
Rostrum long; hepatic and branchial lobes more nearly equal; tuft of hair present on<br />
propodi of legs (carapace widest across branchial regions; length in front of hepatic<br />
lbbes nearly <strong>as</strong> great <strong>as</strong> behind same line) E. dilatatus forma elongata
Genus Euprognatha Stimpson, 1871<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
Family Majidae 499<br />
Interantennular spine very short; sternum forming wide border around<br />
posterolateral portions of carapace .E. gracilipes<br />
Interantennular spine long; sternum forming narrow border around posterolateral<br />
portions of carapace; antennal spines diverging anteriorly; immovable finger<br />
without noticeably en<strong>large</strong>d tooth E. r<strong>as</strong>tellifera<br />
Genus Libinia Leach, 1815<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
1. Median line of carapace with about 9 spines, 5 behind cervical groove<br />
L. emarginata<br />
Median line of carapace with about 6 spines 2<br />
2. (1) Fork of rostrum in adult shallow, tips of horns blunt; lateral marginal spines in<br />
young of good size, subequal L. dubia<br />
Fork of rostrum in young deeper than in L. dubia. horns acute, curved toward each<br />
other; lateral marginal spines in young small except very long and slender posterior<br />
<strong>one</strong> L. erinacea
500 Family Majidae<br />
Genus Macroedetdinh Miers, 1879<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbuh, 1925]<br />
h Carapace with fewer than 7 spines on its posterior half" or, if with 7 spines, some of<br />
them small .....................2<br />
Carapace with 7 strong spines on its posterior half.............................;•.-.:..... 8<br />
2, (1) B<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment armed with only <strong>one</strong> spine or sharp tubercle...........;..... 3<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al ahtennal segment armed with 2 or more spines; orbits elongate-tubular.>....-.. 7<br />
3. (2) Rostral horns separated by interspace; interspace narrow or pointed at b<strong>as</strong>e 4<br />
Rostral horns separated by interspace; interspace broad and refunded at b<strong>as</strong>e*........ 6<br />
4; (3) Posterolateral projections narrow, spirielike........ M. irispihosufn trispinbsiim<br />
Posterolateral projections broad, bladelike 5<br />
5. (4) Posterolateral projections very broad, their margins continuous with marginal lines<br />
of carapace M. trispin osuni nodipes<br />
Posterolateral projections less broad, their margins making angle with marginal<br />
lines of carapace M.trispin osum variety<br />
6. (3) Carapace deeply sculptured or areolated between two posterolateral spines; rostral<br />
seines short and stotit (posterolateral spines directed obliquely backward)<br />
stv».•.-; M. subparallelum<br />
Carapace not unusually sculptured between epibrahchial spines; rostral horns longer<br />
arid slenderer M. diplacanihum<br />
1. i$) Rostral spines separated by U-shaped sinus... v.... M. eiitheeti<br />
Rostral spines separated by V-shaped sinus; b<strong>as</strong>al ahtehhal segment armed with 2<br />
spines forming oblique line, outer spine more or less distant from orbital margin ....<br />
M. laevigatum<br />
8. (1) B<strong>as</strong>al ahtennal segment armed with only <strong>one</strong> spine............... M. camptocerum<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al aritennal segment armed with two spines in transverse line<br />
......— M. septemspindsum
Genus Microphrys H. Milne Edwards, 1851<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Williams, 19841<br />
Family Majidae 501<br />
Carapace with 2 lateral laminiform processes, 2 strong branchial spines<br />
..... M. antillensis<br />
Carapace without lateral laminiform processes, 1 strong branchial spine<br />
.. M. bicornutus<br />
Genus Mithrax Desmarest, 1823<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
1. Carapace without smooth, oblique, branchial sulci 2<br />
Carapace with smooth, oblique, branchial sulci; rostral horns very short; minor<br />
teeth of orbit tuberculiform, inconspicuous 14<br />
2. (1) Palm armed above with spines or spinules 3<br />
Palm not armed above with spines or spinules 7<br />
3. (2) Two spines only on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna. M. spinosissimus<br />
Three spines on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna 4<br />
4. (3) Carapace paved with flattened granules, concealed by short hair<br />
M. verrucosus, young<br />
Carapace not paved with flattened granules 5<br />
5. (4) Carapace <strong>as</strong> wide between tips of third anterolateral spines <strong>as</strong> between tips of fourth<br />
spines; carapace closely granulate and tuberculate and densely pilose .. M. pilosus<br />
Carapace widest between tips of fourth anterolateral spines (not counting orbital<br />
spine) . 6<br />
6. (5) Three or four supraorbital spines, exclusive of preorbital and exorbital spines;<br />
propodi of legs very long and slender M. cornutus<br />
Two supraorbital spines only, exclusive of preorbital and exorbital spines; propodi<br />
of legs moderate (size small) M. acuticornis (over 18 mm long)
502 Family Majidae<br />
7. (2) Rostral horns sharp or acute (rostral horns very short; only two anterolateral<br />
spines) M. holderi<br />
Rostral horns blunt, either subtruncate or tuberculiform 8<br />
8. (7) Carapace paved with close-set granules or tubercles ,....., 9<br />
Carapace not paved with close-set granules or tubercles. 10<br />
9. (8) Carapace paved with convex tubercles, each granulate ......»•<br />
. M. hemphilli, mature<br />
Carapace paved with flat, tessellated granules (lateral margins of carapace spinous;<br />
carpus of cheliped nearly smooth above, three tubercles on inner edge)<br />
M. verrucosus<br />
10. (8) Spine on, or just above, posterolateral margin of carapace. ,..,.,, 11<br />
Tubercle, instead of spine, on, or just above, posterolateral margin of carapace.... 12<br />
11. (10) Two parallel and nearly transverse rows of well marked tubercles and spines on<br />
posterolateral region M. caribbaeus, small or medium size<br />
One row of not more than two or three well marked tubercles and spines on<br />
posterolateral region; prehensile edges of fingers of very old specimens entire; not<br />
crenulated, in gape, except on tubercle ...'.. M. hispidus<br />
12. (10) Carapace very wide, anterior, marginal, branchial lobe strikingly protuberant;<br />
posterolateral slope of carapace smooth, behind row of two conical tubercles<br />
leading obliquely inward from spine at lateral angle; rostral sinus V-shaped..........<br />
.. M. tor tug ae<br />
Carapace narrower, anterior, branchial protuberance not strikingly prominent;<br />
. posterolateral slope of carapace rough, with few tubercles or granules 13<br />
13. (12) Well marked, posterolateral tubercle present, outermost of transverse row of three,<br />
this row having similar row in front of it; prehensile edges of fingers crenulated<br />
along gape; rostral sinus U-shaped M. caribbaeus, la rge<br />
Almost transverse row of two <strong>large</strong> tubercles leading inward from spine at lateral<br />
angle; tubercles behind and immediately in front of it all very small or granules;<br />
rostral sinus V-shaped in young, U-shaped in old Af. pleuracanthus<br />
14. (1) Carapace longer than broad V M. cinctimanus<br />
Carapace broader than long. 15<br />
15. (14) Anterolateral margins cut into rounded lobes only. 16<br />
Anterolateral margins cut into spines or angular lobes or spines and lobes 17
Fam ily Majidae 503<br />
16. (15) Anterolateral margin cut into three lobes (posterior part of carapace nodose, not<br />
eroded; inner margin of cheliped not laminate) M. coryphe<br />
Anterolateral margin cut into four lobes; carpus of cheliped smooth, margin not<br />
laminate or dentate ... M. sculptus<br />
17. (15) Four anterolateral protuberances behind orbit; carpus of cheliped smooth above and<br />
with <strong>one</strong> inner tooth M. forceps<br />
Three anterolateral protuberances behind orbit; carpus of cheliped obscurely<br />
tuberculate (palm without tubercle on outer surface at articulation with carpus)
504 Family Majidae<br />
Genus Pitho Bell, 1835<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
1. Second and third lateral teeth, exclusive of tooth at orbital angle, partially united at<br />
b<strong>as</strong>e 2<br />
Second and third lateral teeth not united at b<strong>as</strong>e... 5<br />
2.(1) First movable segment of antenna much wider than long, its outer lobe strongly<br />
produced laterally; lateral teeth of carapace blunt-tipped in adult P. aculeata<br />
First movable segment of antenna little, if at all, wider than long, its outer lobe<br />
produced <strong>as</strong> much anteriorly <strong>as</strong> laterally; lateral teeth of carapace acute 3<br />
3. (2) Lateral teeth subequal in size; carapace subcircular, front narrow P. laevigata<br />
Lateral teeth not subequal 4<br />
4. (3) L<strong>as</strong>t two lateral teeth not much, if at all, smaller than others (second lateral tooth<br />
very small, much smaller than first and third teeth) P. anisodon<br />
L<strong>as</strong>t two lateral teeth much reduced, at le<strong>as</strong>t in male (first movable segment of<br />
antennal slightly wider than long; lateral teeth sharper in female than in male, l<strong>as</strong>t<br />
two teeth more prominent than in male) P. Iheminieri<br />
5. (1) Lateral teeth five (exceptionally four), dentiform, their edges denticulate<br />
P. mirabilis<br />
Lateral teeth four, long and narrow, spiniform (rostral teeth acutely pointed)........<br />
P. quadridentata
Genus Podochela Stimpson, 1860<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
Family Majidae 505<br />
1. Postorbital protuberance a <strong>large</strong> lobe 2<br />
Postorbital protuberance a granule or wanting 3<br />
2. (1) Supraorbital margin armed with two long spines; sternal segments of male<br />
elevated, flat, closely and finely granulate; palm of adult male not inflated; rostrum<br />
long, spiniform, arched upward P. curvirostris<br />
Supraorbital margin armed with series of spinules or small spines; sternal<br />
segments of male not closely and finely granulate (palm of adult male not inflated;<br />
fingers contiguous; sternum of male laminate, each lamina overlapping <strong>one</strong> behind<br />
it; surface sparingly granulate with scattered, pointed granules; prominent lobe<br />
behind and below postorbital lobe; rostrum short, pointed) P. lamelligera<br />
3. (1) Rostrum long, ending in spine; palm inflated in male (rostrum less than half <strong>as</strong><br />
long <strong>as</strong> postrostral portion of carapace; gape between fingers of adult male<br />
subtriangular, deep at proximal end; size small, not over 13 mm long)<br />
P. gracilipes<br />
Rostrum short, not ending in spine 4<br />
4. (3) Rostrum thick, subtriangular, not hollow beneath (propodus of first walking leg<br />
four or more times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> dactylus; propodi of l<strong>as</strong>t two legs considerably<br />
longer than dactyli and slightly curved) P. macrodera<br />
Rostrum thin, hood-shaped, hollow beneath 5<br />
5. (4) Dactyli of l<strong>as</strong>t three walking legs curved, short, contained twice, or more than<br />
twice, in their respective propodi; cardiac prominence low P. nisei<br />
Dactyli of l<strong>as</strong>t three walking legs less curved and longer, those of l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs<br />
contained less than twice in their respective propodi; cardiac prominence higher<br />
and more acute or ending in short spine P. sidneyi
Family Miijidue<br />
Genus Pyromaia Stimpson, 1871<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
Rostrum tapering regularly to tip; chelipeds and walking legs covered with short,<br />
soft pubescence; no spines at proximal ends of meri of walking legs .<br />
P. cuspidata<br />
Rostrum triangular at b<strong>as</strong>e, then narrowing to slender spine; chelipeds and walking<br />
legs not noticeably pubescent; erect spine at proximal end of merus of each<br />
walking leg; short fringe of hair on each side of dactyli P. arachna<br />
Genus Rochinia A. Milne Edwards, 1875<br />
Key to species<br />
I Adapted from Rathbun, 19251<br />
Median spines six; g<strong>as</strong>tric spines six; two spines on b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segments<br />
............. R. cr<strong>as</strong>s a<br />
Median spines or tubercles fewer than six; g<strong>as</strong>tric spines or tubercles fewer than<br />
six 2<br />
Spines of carapace and rostrum long and slender; spine at angle of buccal cavity....<br />
........... R. hystrix<br />
Spines or tubercles of carapace short or of moderate length; no spine at angle of<br />
buccal cavity ..,3<br />
Dorsal tubercles mostly <strong>large</strong> and flat-topped R. umbonala<br />
Dorsal tubercles or spines acute, not <strong>large</strong> and flat-topped. R. tanneri
Genus Stenocionops Desmarest, 1823<br />
Key to species<br />
I Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />
Family Majidae 507<br />
1. Hepatic region not en<strong>large</strong>d or produced beyond general outline of carapace; armed<br />
with not more than <strong>one</strong> <strong>large</strong> spine .. 2<br />
Hepatic region en<strong>large</strong>d and produced separately from curve of branchial region.. 4<br />
2. (1) Marginal spines behind orbit three (carapace widest between tips of anterior<br />
branchial spines) S. spinimana, young<br />
Marginal spines behind orbit more than three 3<br />
3. (2) Dorsal surface almost unarmed except for median intestinal spine<br />
S. furcata furcata<br />
Dorsal surface armed with spines; fewer than eight median spines<br />
S. furcata coelata<br />
4. (1) Median spines of carapace 12 or 13; marginal hepatic spines 3<br />
S. spinimanay adult<br />
Median spines of carapace 10; marginal hepatic spines 2 S. spinosissima
©<br />
Collodes trispittosus %•<br />
3<br />
male: ««<br />
Collodes obesus<br />
female:<br />
c. dorsal view SL<br />
a<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), sternal "<br />
view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. carapace, lateral view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Collodes robustus<br />
Collodes leptocheles<br />
f. dorsal view (male)<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
(after Felder, 1973)
Family Majidae 5()9
Epialtus bituberculatus g<br />
Epialtus kingsleyi<br />
c. dorsal view g<br />
holotype male:<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNM) f<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
b. left cheliped, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
Epiaitusdilatatm<br />
Epialtus longirostris<br />
f. dorsal view (male)<br />
& carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
e. left cheliped (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)
Family Majidae 511
Epialtus dilatatus forma elbi<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. dactylus of walking leg<br />
c. chela, external view<br />
(from Abele's personal drawings)<br />
EuprognatHa r<strong>as</strong>tellifiem<br />
EuprognatJia gracitipes<br />
e> dorsal-view (male)<br />
& dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)
Family Majidae 513
Libinia emarginata<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. tip of right fkstpleop€>d(gonopQd), lateral view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
IMmia erinacm<br />
Ubinia diibia<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
{after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
lateral view<br />
(afterWffiiams, 1984)
Family Majidae 515
cy*<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosumnodipes |<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum<br />
d. carapace, dorsal view (male) ^<br />
a. dorsal view (small male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
b. right chela, external view (adult male)<br />
c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), lateral<br />
view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Macrocoeloma subparallelum<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum, variety<br />
f. dorsal view<br />
e. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)
Family Majidae 517
Macrocoeloma eutheca<br />
Macrocoeloma diplacanthum<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), lateral view<br />
(after Williams, 19B4)<br />
Macrocoeloma emmptocerum<br />
Macrocoeloma laevigatum<br />
male:<br />
d. b<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment (male)<br />
e: dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
f. tip of right ^t K pleoj^(gon©|k)d); lateral view
Family Majidae 519
.©<br />
i<br />
Macrocoetoma septemspinosum<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />
Microphrys bicomutus<br />
Microphrys antillensis<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Majidae 521
N><br />
•sj<br />
Mithrax pilosus g<br />
Mithrax spinosissimus<br />
^'••h'<br />
Family Majidae 523
in<br />
Mithrax hemphilli |<br />
Mithrax holderi<br />
b. dorsal view (female) 2<br />
a. dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925) I<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
Mithrax hispidus<br />
Mithrax verrucosus<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
f. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Majidae 525
Os<br />
•=1<br />
»<br />
3<br />
Mithrax caribbaeus $<br />
b. dorsal view (holotype male) .,»<br />
'•'•a<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925) *<br />
Mithrax tortugae<br />
a. dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
Mithrax cinctimanus<br />
Mithraxpleuracanthus<br />
male:<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
e. outline of carapace, dorsal view<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view (male)<br />
f. leftcheliped<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
g. fifth pereopod<br />
(e, afterRathbun, 1925; £ g,<br />
after Manning. 1970)
£^<br />
• \i~y<br />
Family Majidae 527
Mithrax sculptus =<br />
Mithrax coryphe<br />
b. dorsal view J]<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH) %<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />
Mithrax ruber<br />
Mithrax forceps<br />
e. dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
(after Ratfabun, 1925)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Majidae 529
Pitho laevigata<br />
Pitho aculeata<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
Pitho Iheminieri<br />
Pitho anisodon<br />
male:<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
abdominal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Majidae 531
Oft<br />
3<br />
PMo mirabiUs Pitho quadridentaia<br />
a. dorsal view (female) b. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925) . (after Rathbun, 1925)
Family Majidae 533
Podochela lamelligera<br />
Podochela curvirostris<br />
s:<br />
d. dorsal view I<br />
male:<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. carapace, lateral view<br />
c. sternum and abdomen<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
Podochela macrodera<br />
Podochela gmcilipes<br />
g. dorsal view (male)<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
f. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
v ^<br />
\\;<br />
i \\\'s w it<br />
Family Mujidae 535
in<br />
I*<br />
3<br />
«5"<br />
Podochela sidneyi<br />
Podockela riisei<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
J [
Family Majidae 537
in<br />
3<br />
5?<br />
Pyromaia arachna<br />
Pyromaia cuspidata<br />
c. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
male:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after-Williams, 1984)
Family Majidae 539
Rochinia hystrix<br />
Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view (female)<br />
3?<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
b. anterior part, ventral view (female)<br />
c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view (male).<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Rochinia tanned<br />
Rockmia mribonata<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
h. dorsal view<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
i. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
f. carapace, lateral view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
g. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
i r
s?<br />
Family Majidae 541
Stenocionops furcata coelata<br />
Stenocionops furcata furcata<br />
male:<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Stenocionops spinosissima<br />
Stenocionops spinimana<br />
f. dorsal view (male)<br />
holotype male:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Kurilily Mnjidae 543
t<br />
Achaeopsis thomsoni<br />
AcantHonyx petiverii<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
c. carapace, lateral view<br />
(afterMder, 1973)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)
Family Majidae 545
<strong>as</strong><br />
An<strong>as</strong>imus lotus I<br />
AepUms septemspinosus<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
b. left chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Aroehnopsis filipes<br />
Anomalothir furcillatus<br />
male:<br />
d. dorsal view (female)<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
f. left chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
\\ X<br />
Family Majidae 547
s«<br />
Chorinus heros ^<br />
2<br />
b. dorsal view (male) ~<br />
Batrachonotus fragosus<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Hemus cristulipes<br />
Coelocerus spinosus<br />
female:<br />
c. dorsal view (female)<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
lateral view (male)<br />
f. lateral view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
g. right cheliped<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
1<br />
Family Majldae 549
Leptopim setirostris<br />
Inachoides forceps<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Mocosoa crebripunctata<br />
Metoporhaphis calcarata<br />
f. dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view (male)<br />
e. right chela, external view (male)<br />
(after-Williams, 1984)
^:-JJ<br />
Family Majidae 551
Qptopisg, spinipes<br />
Nihilia anttlocgpm<br />
c. dorsal view (female)<br />
male:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
abdominal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Picroceroides tubukms<br />
Pelia mutiea<br />
f. dorsal view (male)<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
V:^<br />
^fn<br />
\'"CN ""ft'*' \
Stenorhynchus seticomis §<br />
Sphenocarcinus corrosus<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), s<br />
sternal view %<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Time puella<br />
Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera<br />
g. dorsal view<br />
e. abdomen (mature female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />
f. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />
(after Wiliams et .at., 1977)
•<br />
Family Majidae 555<br />
S^^Wl-TWl^
Tyche etnarginata<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod).<br />
lateral view (male)<br />
c. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
:£L~?<br />
^^'"-r^-.<br />
/;l^<br />
V\ \S\ ! \<br />
V><br />
\ \ I<br />
1 />fl<br />
Family Majidae 557
ON K> en<br />
tn<br />
n<br />
8?<br />
T3<br />
P<br />
O<br />
CD<br />
3<br />
O<br />
n n<br />
: 3p<br />
n o<br />
c<br />
p<br />
P<br />
o<br />
O<br />
P<br />
-i<br />
P<br />
"8 n<br />
•3 $<br />
cT^<br />
m<br />
CD<br />
SI -g<br />
p<br />
o<br />
CD<br />
CD<br />
•X<br />
P<br />
'3<br />
t><br />
P<br />
o<br />
CD<br />
CL<br />
CD<br />
CD<br />
O<br />
CD<br />
=r<br />
F8<br />
. ^ C D<br />
^- CD<br />
ja p<br />
•a.§<br />
3 ;P<br />
3 O<br />
o*.<<br />
c?<br />
3<br />
3<br />
rta*<br />
1<br />
•an<br />
CD E<br />
11<br />
§ «<br />
»*3<br />
-63<br />
CD<br />
• ^ • N Q<br />
ss.<br />
I" O<br />
3*<br />
o<br />
3*<br />
l-< CD<br />
2. P<br />
a &<br />
CT0 «<<br />
3 5<br />
3<br />
a. CL 2<br />
5-g p<br />
CL<br />
CD<br />
CL<br />
P<br />
O<br />
CD<br />
SO<br />
1<br />
o<br />
El i<br />
3-Q<br />
p'g<br />
p CL<br />
><br />
CL<br />
P<br />
73<br />
01<br />
S-<br />
X CD<br />
I °<br />
cro -3<br />
a^<br />
O<br />
ST<br />
P<br />
3<br />
3<br />
CD<br />
CD<br />
CL<br />
5- ^<br />
•O<br />
P<br />
3<br />
o<br />
3<br />
^<br />
-P<br />
-1<br />
^tir<br />
(TD<br />
c?<br />
CD ?*N<br />
o<br />
.CD<br />
cr<br />
o<br />
?§<br />
CD EL<br />
CL CD<br />
*< -t r-K<br />
O<br />
-t<br />
GT<br />
3<br />
CL<br />
o<br />
73<br />
CD<br />
3<br />
3<br />
Cro<br />
O<br />
•o<br />
CD<br />
3<br />
3*<br />
cro<br />
P<br />
Cro<br />
_ 3<br />
o<br />
o o<br />
P<br />
r^<br />
CD<br />
I<br />
CD<br />
X<br />
73<br />
P<br />
3<br />
CL<br />
CD<br />
CL<br />
O<br />
<<br />
CD<br />
<<br />
p<br />
c<br />
•s q<br />
? 8.<br />
3" S.<br />
E - P<br />
rt 3<br />
.c cro<br />
£ f P<br />
2§<br />
CD' ^<br />
Cro T3<br />
s ' B O «<br />
•SS.<br />
r-«<br />
&2 •«•<br />
3 cro<br />
oS<br />
o ^<br />
a 3 p ^<br />
3 5<br />
cT °*<br />
o<br />
CT<br />
P<br />
•P<br />
5"8<br />
P<br />
o<br />
g<br />
o<br />
CD<br />
SL<br />
5"<br />
Cro<br />
cro<br />
3.<br />
P<br />
3-<br />
Cro<br />
1 o<br />
f^<br />
CL CL<br />
CL<br />
CL<br />
3'<br />
Cro<br />
CL<br />
"CD<br />
o<br />
3<br />
CL<br />
S 2.<br />
P 'S<br />
P<br />
CD<br />
Cro<br />
EL<br />
CD<br />
O<br />
**><br />
CD<br />
z<br />
CD<br />
-3<br />
CL<br />
O<br />
Cro<br />
CL<br />
O<br />
SO<br />
Si*<br />
CD —<br />
CL J^<br />
cro 3/<br />
^<<br />
CD<br />
Cro<br />
* 3 y5<br />
— P<br />
oo<br />
do<br />
Jfc CD<br />
CD .jg<br />
Q E<br />
a 3<br />
a cro<br />
CD<br />
cro<br />
S o<br />
a x<br />
S- P X<br />
3-<br />
Genus Parthenope Weber, 1795<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Gore and Scotto, 19791<br />
Family I'arthenopidae 55D<br />
1. Carapace ovate-pentagonal, surface little carinate in adult; chelipeds at le<strong>as</strong>t twice<br />
<strong>as</strong> Ion g <strong>as</strong> c arapace P. agon a<br />
Carapace broadly triangular, surface carinate or tuberculate, sides more or less<br />
rounded; chelipeds at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace 2<br />
2. (1) Carapace and chelipeds very flat; spine at end of main dorsal branchial ridge small..<br />
3<br />
Carapace very convex; spine at end of main dorsal branchial ridge <strong>large</strong>; chelipeds<br />
not flat 4<br />
3. (2) Triangular spines on outer margins of chelipeds rounded posteriorly; carapace with<br />
posterolateral spine directed laterally or nearly so; carapace moderately tuberculate;<br />
angle formed by posterolateral spine, g<strong>as</strong>tric tubercle and outer orbital margin<br />
always distinctly less than 90° P. serrata<br />
Triangular spines on outer margins of chelipeds acute, margins straight; carapace<br />
with posterolateral spine directed obliquely posteriad; carapace heavily tuberculate;<br />
angle formed by posterolateral spine, g<strong>as</strong>tric tubercle and outer orbital margin<br />
always 90° or nearly so P. granutata<br />
4. (2) Dactylus of walking leg 4 about 1.3 times longer than propodus; carapace much<br />
broader than long; palm with 8-10 teeth on inner, 10-12 teeth on outer margin<br />
P. pourtalesii<br />
Dactylus of walking leg 4 about 1.4 times longer than propodus; carapace little, it<br />
any, broader than long; palm with 6-8 teeth on inner, 3-5 teeth on outer margin<br />
P. fraterculus<br />
Genus Solenolambrus Stimpson, 1871<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Gore and Scotto, 1979]<br />
1. No spines or teeth on posterior or posterolateral margin; dorsal protuberance round<br />
S. tenellus<br />
Some teeth or spines on posterior or posterolateral margin; dorsal protuberance<br />
angular. .< 2<br />
2. (1) Not more than four teeth on posterior and posterolateral margins S. typicus<br />
Six teeth or spines on posterior and posterolateral margins; two median spines;<br />
spine near middle of branchial ridge S. decemspinosus
Parthenope serrata<br />
Parthenope agona<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
d. carapace, dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
mesial view<br />
b. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />
c. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />
f. second pleopod (gonopod), mesiolateral view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
g. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />
(after Gore and Scotto, 1979)<br />
Parthenope pourtalesii<br />
Parthenope granulata<br />
k. dorsal view (female)<br />
male:<br />
1. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view (male)<br />
h. dorsal view<br />
m. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view (male)<br />
i. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
j. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
^-.^ J<br />
Family Parthenopidae 561
Solenolambrus tenellus<br />
Parthenope fraterculus<br />
d. dorsal view (female)<br />
male:<br />
e. first pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
f. second pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view (male)<br />
b. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
c. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Solenolambrus decemspinosus<br />
Solenolambrus typicus<br />
j. dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
g. dorsal view<br />
h. first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />
i. second pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
f : :i~ J<br />
f<br />
^r^—<br />
i > i<br />
Vil r Rv<br />
,\W\J<br />
/<br />
Z<br />
W<br />
•'' )<br />
Kamily I'arllionopitlae 563<br />
Ai A<br />
/ •" ! A A<br />
T si \<br />
A- -•<br />
'••<br />
\ v.<br />
/Of<br />
f ^ i<br />
Au n<br />
^ j<br />
.^' 1 *»••»<br />
-/'<br />
---"<br />
--••A<br />
"<br />
^ ,,::^<br />
^V-^-^^J)"/<br />
~" "A^^A<br />
-^~<br />
V
Heterocrypta granulata<br />
Cryptopodia concava<br />
male:<br />
male:<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
e. first pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view<br />
b. second pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />
f. second pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view<br />
c. first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Mesorhoea sexspinosa<br />
Leiolambrus nitidus<br />
j. dorsal view (female)<br />
g. dorsal view<br />
k. anterior part, ventral view<br />
h. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
mesial view (male)<br />
1. second pleopod (gonopod), sternal view (male)<br />
m. first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view (male)<br />
i. second pleopod (gonopod) mesioventral view (male)<br />
(j, 1, m, after Williams, 1984: k, after Gore and<br />
Scotto, 1979)<br />
(g, after Felder, 1973; h, i, after Gore and Scotto, 1979)
^^•^5^<br />
"-•-. ^v- v.<br />
< i!<br />
•-H<br />
amity Parthenopidue 565<br />
~~rrf~7i \\n\ / / /<br />
>v '
in<br />
•a<br />
a.<br />
Tutankhamen cristatipes<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. anterior part, ventral view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)
Family Parthenopidae 567
3<br />
a
Families Atelecytiidae/Cancridae/Geryonidae 56*)<br />
Family Atelecyclidae<br />
Genus Trichopeltarion A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Carapace broader than long; surface thickly velvety; median frontal spine shorter<br />
than lateral <strong>one</strong>s j from Rathbun, 1930] T. nobile<br />
Family Cancridae<br />
Genus Cancer Linnaeus, 1758<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Anterolateral teeth of carapace with denticulate margins; upper margin of palm<br />
denticulate; outer orbital tooth with pointed tip, not coalesced with adjacent<br />
anterolateral tooth in small juveniles C. borealis<br />
Anterolateral teeth of carapace with margins granulate; chelipeds granulate, not<br />
denticulate; outer orbital tooth with rounded tip, coalesced with adjacent<br />
anterolateral tooth in small juveniles C. irroratus<br />
Family Geryonidae<br />
Genus Geryon Kr0yer, 1837<br />
Carapace broader than long; median pair of frontal teeth separated by wide sinus,<br />
teeth scarcely overreaching obtuse lateral frontal teeth; anterolateral teeth 5, second<br />
and fourth reduced, distance between first and third usually smaller than distance<br />
between third and fifth; cheliped with blunt lobe on upper margin of merus, carpus<br />
lacking outer spine, propodus lacking distal dorsal spine; meri of walking legs<br />
lacking distal dorsal spine [from Manning and Holthuis, 1984] G. fenneri
Cancer borealis<br />
Trichopeltarion nobile<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />
5<br />
•S<br />
Geryonfenneri<br />
Cancer irroratus<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Manning and Holthuis, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Families Atelecyclidae/Cancridae/Geryonidae 57 1
572 Family Portunidae<br />
Family Portuiiidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Carapace with 3 to 5 teeth on anterolateral margin 2<br />
Carapace with 9 anterolateral teeth 4<br />
2. (1) Anterolateral teeth 3 Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti<br />
Anterolateral teeth 5 3<br />
3. (2) Anterolateral teeth similar, dentiform; dactyli of swimming paddles broadly oval;<br />
male abdomen oblong Ovalipes<br />
Long spine at lateral angle of carapace instead of tooth; dactyli of swimming<br />
paddles broadly lanceolate, pointed; male abdomen triangular<br />
Bathynectes longispina<br />
4. (1) Movable part of antenna excluded from orbit by prolongation of b<strong>as</strong>al segment;<br />
anterolateral teeth alternatively <strong>large</strong> and small Cronius<br />
Movable part of antenna not excluded from orbit. 5<br />
5. (4) Carpus of cheliped without mesiodistal spine; abdomen of male T shaped............<br />
Callinectes<br />
Carpus of cheliped with mesiodistal spine; abdomen of male triangular. 6<br />
6. (5) Front with 2 bifurcated teeth between inner orbitals; fissures on orbital margin<br />
broadly open; color light brown, thickly covered over dorsal surface with small<br />
white spots, reticulate pattern persisting in alcohol Arenaeus cribrarius<br />
Front with 4 separate teeth between inner orbitals (latter sometimes bifurcate);<br />
fissures on orbital margin closed except for shallow notch; color varied but never<br />
<strong>as</strong> above Portunus
.Genus Cailinectcs Slimpson, 1860<br />
Key to species b<strong>as</strong>ed on carapace<br />
(excluding juveniles)<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984J<br />
Family Portunidae 573<br />
1. Front with 2 prominent, broad-b<strong>as</strong>ed, triangular teeth between inner orbitals; each<br />
with or without rudimentary submesial tooth on mesial slope C. sapidus<br />
Front with 4 teeth between inner orbitals or 2 prominent teeth separated by space<br />
often bearing pair of rudimentary submesial teeth 2<br />
2. (1) Submesial pair of frontal teeth well developed and more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> lateral<br />
pair (me<strong>as</strong>uring from b<strong>as</strong>e of lateral notch between teeth) C. bocourti<br />
Frontal teeth decidedly unequal in size, submesial pair no more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong><br />
lateral pair (me<strong>as</strong>uring from b<strong>as</strong>e of lateral notch between teeth) 3<br />
3. (2) Carapace very smoothly granulate, lines of granules visible but barely perceptible<br />
to touch (except epibranchial line variably prominent).. C. similis<br />
Carapace coarsely granulate, scattered granules and lines of granules quite evident<br />
to sight and touch 4<br />
4. (3) Anterolateral teeth (exclusive of outer orbital and lateral spine) lacking shoulders<br />
and swept forward 5<br />
Anterolateral teeth (exclusive of outer orbital and lateral spine) lacking shoulders,<br />
not swept forward 6<br />
5. (4) Anterolateral teeth well separated, all except first 3 and lateral spine with anterior<br />
margins concave; chelipeds with ridges finely granulated C. larvatus<br />
Anterolateral teeth adjacent, stout, anterior margins not noticeably concave, fifth<br />
tooth often <strong>large</strong>st; chelipeds with ridges coarsely granulated ..... C. ex<strong>as</strong>peratus<br />
6. (4) Submesial pair of frontal teeth absent or vestigial C. ornatus<br />
Submesial pair of frontal teeth never vestigial, but no more than half length of<br />
lateral pair C. danae<br />
Genus Cronius Stimpson, 1860<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />
Four spines on palm; spine at posterodistal angle of merus of each swimming leg...<br />
C. ruber<br />
Two spines on palm; row of spinules but no spine on posterodistal margin of<br />
merus of each swimming leg C. tumidulus
574 Family Portunidae<br />
Genus Ovallpes Rathbun, 1898<br />
Key to species<br />
Carapace with relatively coarse granulation behind frontal margin and inside<br />
anterolateral borders, median elongate tract of slightly but variably en<strong>large</strong>d<br />
granules extending from mesog<strong>as</strong>tric to anterior cardiac region .. O. stephehsoni<br />
Carapace with granulation generally fine but more pronounced anteriorly, lacking<br />
narrow tract of slightly en<strong>large</strong>d granules in midline O. floridanus<br />
Genus Portunus Weber, 1795<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Carapace wide, anterolateral margins forming arc of circle with center near<br />
posterior margin 2<br />
Carapace narrow, anterolateral margins forming arc of circle with center near<br />
middle of cardiac region 6<br />
2. (1) Stridulating ridge present on lower surface of carapace; spine at posterior angle of<br />
carapace P. vocans<br />
Stridulating apparatus absent; posterior angles of carapace unarmed. .. 3<br />
3. (2) Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg armed with row of spinules<br />
but no spine (frontal teeth blunt; width of merus of swimming legs equal to length<br />
of anterior margin) P. gibbesii<br />
Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg unarmed 4<br />
4. (3) Carapace convex, mostly smooth and glossy; palm of chela swollen, only 1 spine<br />
on upper margin P. sayi<br />
Carapace uneven, not smooth and glossy; 2 spines on upper margin of palm;<br />
submesial teeth of front very small 5<br />
5. (4) Spine at posterodistal margin of merus of cheliped; submesial teeth of front much<br />
less advanced than outer teeth .P. anceps<br />
No spine at posterodistal margin of merus of cheliped; submesial teeth of front<br />
nearly or quite <strong>as</strong> advanced <strong>as</strong> outer teeth P. venlratis
Family Portunidae 575<br />
6. (1) Posterodistal margin of merus of swimming leg unarmed; 2 spines on upper<br />
margin of palm 7<br />
Posterodistal margin of merus of swimming leg armed with <strong>one</strong> or two spines or<br />
with spinules or wi th both 8<br />
7. (6) Lateral spine of carapace similar to and very little <strong>large</strong>r than preceding spine or<br />
tooth; upper margin of dactylus on chela conspicuously fringed with long hairs<br />
P. depressifrons<br />
Lateral spine of carapace much <strong>large</strong>r than preceding spine or tooth and directed<br />
more outward; upper margin of dactylus on chela with hair inconspicuous<br />
P. floridanus<br />
8. (6) Erect spine on b<strong>as</strong>is of each swimming leg; <strong>large</strong> round persistent red spot on<br />
posterolateral slope of carapace P.sebae<br />
No erect spines on b<strong>as</strong>es of swimming legs; no <strong>large</strong> persistent red spot on<br />
posterolateral slope of carapace 9<br />
9. (8) Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg armed with <strong>one</strong> spine besides<br />
inconspicuous spinules P. spinimanus<br />
Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg armed with spinules but no<br />
spines 10<br />
10. (9) Chelipeds with mesiodorsal spine of carpus less than half length of palm<br />
P. ordwayi<br />
Chelipeds with mesiodorsal spine of carpus greater than half length of palm 11<br />
11. (10) Two distinct submedian red spots in middle of carapace, <strong>one</strong> on each branchial<br />
lobe P. binoculus<br />
No submedian red spots in middle of carapace P. spinicarpus
Callinectes bocourti<br />
Callinectes sapidus<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
d. right chela, external view<br />
b. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />
e. left chela, external view<br />
(a, after Williams, 1978; b, after Williams, 1984)<br />
f. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />
(c, d, e, after Williams, 1978; f, after Williams, 1984)<br />
Callinectes larvatus<br />
Callinectes similis<br />
k. carapace, dorsal view<br />
g. carapace, dorsal view<br />
1. right chela, external view<br />
h. right chela, external view<br />
m. left chela, external view<br />
i. left chela, external view<br />
n. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />
j. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />
(k, 1, m, after Williams, 1978, <strong>as</strong> C. marginatus;<br />
n, after Williams, 1984)<br />
(g, h, i, after Williams, 1978; j, Williams, 1984)
Family Portunidae 577
Callinectes ornatus<br />
Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus<br />
"53<br />
89<br />
3<br />
e. carapace, dorsal view<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
f. right chela, external view<br />
b. right chela, external view<br />
g. left chela, external view<br />
c. left chela, external view<br />
h. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />
& first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />
(e, f, g, after Williams, 1978: h, after<br />
Williams, 1984)<br />
(a, b, c, after Williams, 1978; d, after<br />
Williams,1984)<br />
Callinectes danae<br />
i. carapace, dorsal view<br />
j. right chela, external view<br />
k. left chela, external view<br />
1. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />
(i, j, k, after Williams, 1978; 1, after<br />
Williams, 1984)
Family Portunidae 579
in<br />
©•<br />
69:<br />
Cronius tumidulus I<br />
Cronius ruber<br />
b. dorsal view (male) o<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />
(after -Williams, 1984)<br />
Ovalipes floridanus<br />
Ovalip.es. stephensoni<br />
d. anterior part of carapace and chelipeds,<br />
c. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1976)<br />
(after Williams, 1976)
luuully Pol lunldiu' 581
in<br />
I<br />
Portunus gibbesii<br />
Portunus vocans<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
•fl<br />
(after Williams, 1984) %<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. left half of carapace, ventral view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Portunus anceps<br />
Portunus sayi<br />
e. dorsal view (male)<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Portunidae 583
in<br />
.fe.<br />
Portunus depressions<br />
Portunus ventralis<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />
a<br />
(after Williams, 1984) s<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Portunus sebae<br />
Portunus floridanus<br />
d. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Portunidae 585
:
Family Portunidae 587
Batfoynectes longispina<br />
Arenaeus cribrarius<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
c. abdomen<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930, <strong>as</strong> B. superba)<br />
Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)
Family Portunidae 589
*3<br />
O
Family (j<strong>one</strong>pkicidae<br />
Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae 591<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918, Guinot, 1969, and Williams, 1984J<br />
1. B<strong>as</strong>e of third segment of male abdomen covering whole space between l<strong>as</strong>t pair of<br />
legs .... 2<br />
B<strong>as</strong>e of third segment of male abdomen not covering whole space between l<strong>as</strong>t pair<br />
of legs ...... 9<br />
2. (1) Carapace subquadrate, anterior border entirely occupied by square-cut front and<br />
orbits, the latter being long, narrow trenches; carapace widest between postorbital<br />
angles 3<br />
Carapace xanthoid, widest behind postorbital angles; orbits of normal size and<br />
form 4<br />
3. (2) Chelipeds with patch or tufts of hair on distal part of carpus and proximal part of<br />
palm Frevillea<br />
Chelipeds without patch or tufts of hair on distal part of carpus and proximal part<br />
of palm Gon eplax sigsbei<br />
4. (2) Inner angle of carpus of cheliped prominent with two acute teeth (carapace very<br />
narrow, more than 3/4 <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; male abdomen with segments free)<br />
.. Neopilumnoplax americana<br />
Inner angle of carpus of cheliped with <strong>one</strong> acute tooth 5<br />
5. (4) Front very narrow, much less than 1/3 of carapace width 6<br />
Front rather broad, more than 1/3 of carapace width 7<br />
6. (5) Male first gonopod extremely long, slender and filiform, incurved and almost<br />
without ornamentation Chacellus filiformis<br />
Male first gonopod robust, distal portion dilated, triangular in shape.<br />
Euphrosynoplax clausa<br />
7. (5) Carapace much broader than long; anterolateral teeth with granular margins<br />
Nanoplax xanthiformis<br />
Carapace narrow; anterolateral teeth with smooth margins 8<br />
8. (7) Carapace narrow, barely widened near front, with poorly defined regions; four<br />
anterolateral teeth, including outer orbital Thal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta<br />
Five anterolateral teeth, second well developed Pilumnoplax elata
592 i ^ani i ly (»o ne p I a cid a e<br />
9. (1) Carapace subquadrate, anterior margin almost completely occupied by front and<br />
elongate orbits 10<br />
Carapace xanthoid, anterior margin consisting of front, orbits, and anterior part of<br />
arched, toothed, anterolateral border 12<br />
10. (9) Two anterolateral teeth present, including outer orbital Sotoplax rdberisi<br />
Three anterolateral teeth present ...11<br />
11. (10) Antennae excluded from orbit EiiiypltiX nitida<br />
Antennae entering orbit. TrapeziopldX tridehtdta<br />
12.(9) Posterolateral borders imperceptibly convergent (almost parallel); eyestalks<br />
tapering to reduced cornea and conspicuously hairy Speocarcinus tobcitiis<br />
Posterolateral borders obviously convergent; eyestalks rather thick and riot<br />
conspicuously hairy 13<br />
13. (12) Fronto-orbital border about half total width of carapace........................;....,.,...<br />
PseudorhoMila quadridentata<br />
Fronto-orbital border from 3/5 to 3/4 total width of carapace 14<br />
14. (13) Carapace broad, width 1.5 times length (anterolateral teeth with smooth margins,<br />
first 2 coalesced, third <strong>large</strong>st, obtuse, with strongly curved lateral margin)<br />
Panoplax depressa<br />
Carapace narrow, width 1.3 times length. 15<br />
15. (14) Merus of outer (third) maxillipeds with antero-external angle prominent,<br />
acutangular (front prominent and almost straight, with small median notch; usually<br />
4 anterolateral teeth, second tooth <strong>large</strong>st; carpus of chelipeds smooth)<br />
Glyptopldx sntithii<br />
Merus of outer maxillipeds with antero-external angle neither prorninent nor<br />
acutangular (carapace narrow, hexagonal; five anterolateral teeth, including orbital<br />
tooth) Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus
\<br />
Genus Frevillea A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Key to species<br />
Family C<strong>one</strong>placidae 593<br />
Orbital spine long, projecting laterally; next spine very small; sides of carapace<br />
strongly convergent posteriorly F. barbata<br />
Orbital spine projecting more forward than that of F. barbata', sides of carapace<br />
much less convergent posteriorly than those of F. barbata-, long and dense tuft of<br />
hair on distal half of carpus and proximal part of palm in cheliped F. hirsuta
en<br />
I<br />
1<br />
Frevillea hirmta ^<br />
FrevBlea barbata<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Guinot, 1969)<br />
Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus<br />
Chacellus filiformis<br />
f. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
g. right outer (third) maxilliped (female)<br />
& distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
e. first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />
(after Guinot, 1969)
Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae 595
I<br />
Euryplax nitida |<br />
Euphrosynoplaxclausa<br />
d. dorsal view (male) o<br />
a. dorsal view (paratope male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
b. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />
c. first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />
(after Guinot, 1969)<br />
Gomplax sigsbei<br />
Glyptoplax smithii<br />
f. dorsal view (male)<br />
e. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
^-<br />
Family C<strong>one</strong>placitlae 597
NeopUumnopkix americana<br />
Nanoplaxxantftifbrmis<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
PseudorkombHa quadridentata<br />
Panopldxdepmssa<br />
& carapace, dorsal view<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
e. merus of walking leg<br />
(after Williams; 1984)<br />
f. first pleopod (gonopod)<br />
(after Hernandez, 1982)
Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae 599
Spwcarctitm lobatus<br />
Sotoplax robertsi<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
a, carapace, dorsal view<br />
(after Guinot, 1969)<br />
b, part of sternum and abdomen near coxa of left<br />
fifth pereopod, ventral view<br />
(after Guinot, 1984)<br />
Tmpezioplax tridentata<br />
Tkal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta<br />
male:<br />
d. dorsal view (paratype male)<br />
e. carapace, dorsal view<br />
(after Guinot, 1969)<br />
f. abdomen<br />
(after Rathbu% 191=8>, d&Prionoplaxatlantica)
Family (i<strong>one</strong>phiciclae 601
602 Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae
Family Xanthidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Xanthidae 603<br />
1. Ridges defining efferent branchial channels, if present, low and confined to<br />
posterior part of endostome, never reaching to anterior boundary of buccal cavity ..<br />
. . 2<br />
Ridges defining efferent branchial channels extending to anterior boundary of<br />
buccal cavity and often very strong 25<br />
2. (1) Fronto orbital border less than half greatest width of carapace 3<br />
Fronto orbital border half or more than half greatest width of carapace .10<br />
3. (2) Anterolateral border of carapace thin, cristiform; upper border at le<strong>as</strong>t of arms and<br />
of merus, carpus, and propodus of each leg sharp, cristiform<br />
Platypodiella spectabilis<br />
Anterolateral border of carapace and upper borders of legs not cristiform 4<br />
4. (3) Anterolateral border entire up to strong lateral epibranchial tooth; carapace perfectly<br />
smooth without trace of regions; chelipeds unequal, fingers pointed; front threelobed<br />
Carpilius corallinus<br />
Anterolateral border cut into teeth or lobes 5<br />
5. (4) Surface of carapace nearly smooth (superior inner tooth of orbit distinct though<br />
small; anterolateral rim lobate or dentate and continued behind widest part of<br />
carapace, its chord longer than posterolateral distance) Xantho denticulata<br />
Carapace usually conspicuously lobulate, granulate, or eroded 6<br />
6. (5) Carapace and legs deeply eroded Glyptoxanthus erosus<br />
Carapace lobulate or granulate, chelipeds and walking legs also granulate, often<br />
hairy 7<br />
7. (6) Areoles low, separated by narrow furrows; marginal divisions of carapace<br />
lobiform, not angular, dentiform or spiniform (carapace uniformly granulate; black<br />
color of immovable finger of adult male widely extended on palm; fingers<br />
grooved, sharply granulate) Platyactaea setigera<br />
Areoles low or high and convex, separated by narrow or wide furrows; marginal<br />
divisions of carapace various, angular, dentiform or spiniform 8<br />
8. (7) Carapace covered dorsally with spines or sharp tubercles or carapace covered with<br />
granules and areoles low, separated by narrow furrows Actaea<br />
Carapace covered with granules and areoles high, convex, widely separated 9
604 Family Xanthidae<br />
9. (8) Areoles separated by short pubescence; anterior n<strong>as</strong>og<strong>as</strong>tric nodule small.<br />
Paractaea rufopunctata nodosa<br />
Areoles r<strong>as</strong>pberry-like, set in thick coat of long hair; palms shaggy; fingers broad,<br />
smooth, sharp-edged, acutely tipped Banareia palmeri<br />
10. (2) Anterolateral margin continued forward and downward to anterior angle of buccal<br />
cavity instead of to orbit (superior inner orbital tooth absent)<br />
Carpoporus papulosus<br />
Anterolateral margin continued to orbit. 11<br />
11. (10) Dorsal surface of carapace covered with <strong>large</strong> and small lobules often arranged in<br />
triads, tending to proliferate with incre<strong>as</strong>ing age Allactaea lithostrota<br />
Dorsal surface of carapace not covered with <strong>large</strong> and small lobules.. .12<br />
12. (11) Carapace rough and hairy except on margin of front and orbits; lunate crest above<br />
carpus of each walking leg; anterolateral margin spinous<br />
Heteractaea ceratopus<br />
Carapace smooth (non-granulate) and bare or nearly so 13<br />
13. (12) Carapace transversely oval. 14<br />
Carapace more or less hexagonal or subquadrate. 18<br />
14. (13) Anterolateral teeth strong 15<br />
Anterolateral teeth not strong 17<br />
15. (1.4) L<strong>as</strong>t (or most posterior) of anterolateral teeth directed outward (areolations of<br />
carapace not crossed by granulated ridge; anterolateral edge thick)<br />
Leptodius parvulus<br />
L<strong>as</strong>t (or most posterior) of anterolateral teeth directed obliquely forward 16<br />
16. (15) Granulation of carapace and chelipeds inconspicuous; lateral teeth of carapace<br />
rather broad and flat (dark color of both immovable fingers of male continued on<br />
palm) Cataleptodius floridanus<br />
Granulation coarse; lateral teeth of carapace subcorneal, hooked.<br />
Pseudomedaeus<br />
17. (14) Carapace depressed; anterolateral margin thin, teeth little projecting, second tooth<br />
fused with first Eurypanopeus<br />
Carapace convex, smooth; anterolateral margin faintly lobed or toothed; palms<br />
elongate, major palm at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> minor; fingers short.. Paraliomera
Family Xanthidae 605<br />
18. (13) Frontal and anterolateral regions rough with numerous tubercles, spinules, or<br />
sharp granules; walking legs spinulous above 19<br />
Frontal and anterolateral regions relatively smooth, never spinulous or sharply<br />
granulous 20<br />
19. (18) Anterolateral regions coarsely tuberculate (b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment broad,<br />
prolonged into orbital hiatus; front prominent, four-toothed; fingers spo<strong>one</strong>d).....<br />
Etisus maculatus<br />
Anterolateral regions, chelipeds and walking legs spinulous or sharply granulous;<br />
size small; anterolateral margin shorter than posterolateral, with either second or<br />
fifth tooth or both reduced or wanting; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not reaching or<br />
barely reaching prolongation from front Micropanope<br />
20. (18) Only four anterolateral teeth including orbital angle; carapace very convex from<br />
front to back; front truncate; chelae elongate Tetraxanthus<br />
Five anterolateral teeth 21<br />
21. (20) Anterolateral teeth small, thick, widely separated; few smooth transverse ridges<br />
on anterolateral and epig<strong>as</strong>tric regions; legs thickly hairy •<br />
Chlorodiella longimana<br />
Anterolateral teeth broad, flat, first and second more or less fused 22<br />
22. (21) Third segment of male abdomen not reaching coxae of legs of l<strong>as</strong>t pair; carapace<br />
subquadrate, broad behind, front truncate Rhithropanopeus harrisii<br />
Third segment of male abdomen reaching coxae of legs of l<strong>as</strong>t pair; carapace<br />
narrower behind 23<br />
23. (22) Carapace crossed by broken, transverse, raised, granulated lines on anterior half;<br />
front nearly transverse, not advanced; first and second anterolateral teeth partially<br />
fused Panopeus<br />
Carapace narrow, not crossed by transverse raised lines 24<br />
24. (23) Front arcuate, forming regular curve with anterolateral margins; second<br />
anterolateral tooth lobiform, separated from the first by shallow sinus; male<br />
abdomen constricted between fifth and sixth segments; terminal segment<br />
subtriangular Neopanope<br />
Hexagonal; front narrow, prominent beyond curve of anterolateral margins;<br />
posterolateral margins strongly converging; anterolateral teeth prominent;<br />
supraorbital lobe well marked Hexapanopeus<br />
25. (1) Fronto-orbital border half or less than half greatest width of carapace 26<br />
Fronto-orbital border much more than half greatest width of carapace 28
606 Family Xanthidae<br />
26. (25) B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment touching front (anterior marign of merus of outer (third)<br />
maxilliped not notched at orifice of efferent branchial channel; orbits oblong)<br />
< Eurytium limosum<br />
B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not nearly reaching front 27<br />
27. (26) Carapace broad, suboval; surface of carapace and chelipeds smooth Menippe<br />
Carapace not much broader than long, subcircular; chelipeds very rough<br />
Pilumnoides nudifrons<br />
28. (25) Fronto-orbital border about two-thirds greatest width of carapace; anterolateral<br />
borders shorter than posterolateral; front with narrow outer tooth, spine, or lobe,<br />
separated by notch from superior inner angle of orbit 29<br />
Fronto-orbital border much more than two-thirds greatest width of carapace.... 30<br />
29. (28) More or less hairy and generally armed with spines or sharp granules. Pilumnus<br />
More m<strong>as</strong>sive than preceding, carapace deeply lobulate anteriorly, anterolateral<br />
margin with three <strong>large</strong> teeth behind orbit hobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />
30. (28) Antennae not excluded from orbit; chelipeds long, merus reaching far beyond<br />
carapace; carapace resembling that of portunid Melybia thalamita<br />
Antennae excluded from orbit 31<br />
31. (30) Meri of outer (third) maxillipeds <strong>as</strong> long or nearly <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad<br />
Eriphia gonagra<br />
Meri of outer maxillipeds twice <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long; carapace and chelipeds armed<br />
with black spines Domecia acanthophora acanthophora
Genus Actaea De Haan, 1833<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1933]<br />
Family Xanthidae 607<br />
Carapace covered dorsally with conical spines or sharp tubercles; marginal lobes<br />
spinous; fingers short, channeled, rough except at tips; color purplish, pincers<br />
brown;length2.2cm...... ...A. acantha<br />
Carapace covered with granules; areoles low, separated by narrow furrows<br />
A. bifrons<br />
Genus Eurypanopeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />
1. Fingers of both chelae with acute tips, not spo<strong>one</strong>d 2<br />
Fingers of minor chela spoon-shaped at tip 3<br />
2. (1) Front double-edged, upper edge with line of granules E. abbreviatus<br />
Front not double-edged (first and second lateral teeth of carapace very unequal,<br />
separated by shallow sinus) E. turgidus<br />
3. (1) Minor palm two-thirds <strong>as</strong> high <strong>as</strong> major; transverse lines on dorsum not strikingly<br />
prominent E. depressus<br />
Minor palm half <strong>as</strong> high <strong>as</strong> major; few very prominent raised granulated lines on<br />
dorsum ...E. dissimilis
608 Family Xanthidae<br />
Genus Hexapanopeus Rathbun, 1898<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930]<br />
1. Fingers of major cheliped black, brown, or horn color . 2<br />
Fingers of major cheliped white or nearly so.... 5<br />
2. (1) Fifth lateral tooth almost obsolete H. cdribbaeus<br />
Fifth lateral tooth well developed... 3<br />
3. (2) Carpi of walking legs distinctly bilobed on superior margins H. lobipes<br />
Carpi of walking legs not bilobed on superior margins 4<br />
4. (3) Carpus of cheliped covered with tubercles, about 15 in number H. paulensis<br />
Carpus of cheliped not covered with tubercles, although it may be lumpy<br />
H. angustifrons<br />
5. (1) Fingers not deeply grooved; short granulated ridges on carapace... H. hemphillii<br />
Fingers deeply grooved; first two lateral teeth similar to, but smaller than,<br />
remaining teeth H. quinquedentatus<br />
Genus Menippe De Haan, 1833<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />
Surface of carapace not nodose, almost smooth; anterolateral teeth or lobes shallow<br />
or little projecting; stridulating apparatus present M. mercenaria<br />
Surface of carapace anteriorly nodose; anterolateral teeth strong, projecting well<br />
out from carapace; no stridulating apparatus M. nodifrons
Genus Micropanope Stimpson, 1871<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />
Family Xanthfdae 609<br />
1. L<strong>as</strong>t lateral tooth of carapace obsolescent 2<br />
L<strong>as</strong>t lateral tooth of carapace small but e<strong>as</strong>ily discernible 4<br />
2. (1) Carapace deeply areolated all over; legs unarmed; chelae high and heavy<br />
M. pusila<br />
Carapace areolated and rough anteriorly; legs spinulous 3<br />
3. (2) Second lateral tooth small but distinct; anterior carapace and carpus of cheliped<br />
finely granulate .. M. lobifrons<br />
Second lateral tooth fused with first and scarcely distinguishable; anterior carapace<br />
and carpus of cheliped deeply eroded M: sculptipes<br />
4. (1) Palms mostly smooth (lateral projections spiniform) M. spinipes<br />
Palms entirely or mostly rough 5<br />
5. (4) Second lateral tooth absent or fused with first or orbital tooth; palms rough with<br />
<strong>large</strong> bead granules M. nuttingi<br />
Second lateral tooth or spine present 6<br />
6. (5) Outer surface of major palm rough all over; chelipeds and legs long-haired<br />
.... M. urinator<br />
Outer surface of major palm partly rough; chelipeds and legs inconspicuously hairy.<br />
M. barbadensis<br />
Genus Neopanope A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />
Key to species<br />
1. Movable finger of major chela with <strong>large</strong> b<strong>as</strong>al tooth N. packardii<br />
Movable finger of major chela without <strong>large</strong> b<strong>as</strong>al tooth 2<br />
2. (1) Dactylus of fifth pereopod longer than propodus N. texana<br />
Dactylus of fifth pereopod equal to or shorter than propodus N. sayi
610 Family Xanthidae<br />
Genus Panopeus H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1983]<br />
1. Dark color of immovable finger continued more or less on palm, especially in males.<br />
Dark color of immovable finger not continued on palm 7<br />
2. (1) Outer edge of fourth lateral tooth longitudinal or nearly so. P. americanus<br />
Outer edge of fourth lateral tooth arcuate 3<br />
3. (2) Edge of front thick, beveled, and with transverse groove P. bermudensis<br />
Edge of front if thick not transversely grooved 4<br />
4. (3) Major chela with cusps of teeth on immovable finger not reaching above imaginary<br />
straight line drawn between tip and angle at juncture of finger with anterior margin<br />
of palm (= length immovable finger) 5<br />
Major chela with cusps of teeth near midlength of immovable finger reaching above<br />
imaginary straight line drawn between tip and angle at juncture of finger with<br />
anterior margin of palm (= length immovable finger) 6<br />
5. (4) Coalesced anterolateral teeth 1-2 separated by shallow rounded notch, 2 broader<br />
than but not so prominent <strong>as</strong> 1; 4 curved forward <strong>as</strong> much <strong>as</strong> 3; 5 much smaller than<br />
4, acute and hooked forward; palm with distance between crest at b<strong>as</strong>e of movable<br />
finger and tip of cusp lateral to b<strong>as</strong>e of dactylus 0.7 or less length of immovable<br />
finger P. herbstii<br />
Coalesced anterolateral teeth 1-2 separated by deep rounded notch, adjacent slopes<br />
of 1 and 2 about equal, 2 nearly <strong>as</strong> prominent <strong>as</strong> 1; 4 not curved forward <strong>as</strong> much <strong>as</strong><br />
3; 5 much smaller than 4, usually projecting straight anterolaterally, sometimes<br />
slightly hooked; distance between crest of palm and tip of cusp lateral to b<strong>as</strong>e of<br />
movable finger 0.8 or more length of immovable finger P. simpsoni<br />
6. (4) Major chela with cusps of teeth in "molar area" of immovable finger very broad,<br />
often coalesced and worn, their external faces often flared or bowed outward<br />
P. lacustris<br />
Major chela with cusps of teeth in "molar area" of immovable finger somewhat<br />
en<strong>large</strong>d but separated from each other, in line with axis of finger, not bowed<br />
outward.. P. obesus<br />
7. (1) Carapace and chelipeds rough and hairy; outer surface of palm with longitudinal<br />
ridges P. rugosus<br />
Carapace and chelipeds not noticeably hairy; outer surface of palm without three<br />
longitudinal ridges 8<br />
2
Family Xanthidae 611<br />
8. (7) Carapace rough with upstanding bead granules; first and second lateral teeth<br />
similar, acute and widely separated ..... P. harttii<br />
Carapace nearly smooth; granules of carapace depressed; third to fifth lateral teeth<br />
less prominent and nearer together P. occidental-is<br />
Genus Paraliomera Rathbun, 1930<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />
G<strong>as</strong>tric region plainly but not deeply delimited; transverse fringe of hair on front;<br />
major palm thrice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> long slender minor palm P. longimana<br />
Carapace almost smooth, shining, very small; major palm twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> minor<br />
palm P. dispar<br />
Genus Pilumnus Leach, 1815<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />
1. Margins of frontal lobes distinctly oblique and concave, some times nearly straight<br />
(marginal spines long; three at inner end of orbit curving over eyestalk; subhepatic<br />
region covered with sharp granules) P. spinosissimus<br />
Margins of frontal lobes more or less convex 2<br />
2. (1) Anterolateral spines or teeth five including outer orbital <strong>one</strong> (carapace convex; front<br />
granulate; upper margin of orbit spined, walking legs spinulous) P. longleyi<br />
Anterolateral spines or teeth four, or occ<strong>as</strong>ionally three, including outer orbital <strong>one</strong>..<br />
3<br />
3. (2) Walking legs very long and slender, longest <strong>one</strong> twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace (frontal<br />
lobes arcuate, fine denticulate) P. marshi<br />
Walking legs of moderate length, less than twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace 4<br />
4. (3) Palms naked P. nudimanus<br />
Palms hairy or partly hairy 5
612 Family Xanthidae<br />
5. (4) Major palm with outer surface rough all over or nearly so (hairy covering short;<br />
long tubular hairs interspersed, numerous on legs and chelipeds giving them a<br />
ragged appearance; red bead tubercles showing on carapace, chelipeds, and legs)....<br />
P. gemmatus<br />
Major palm partly smooth and bare on outer surface 6<br />
6. (5) Hair on carapace not covering whole carapace or not forming coat thick enough to<br />
conceal surface beneath 7<br />
Hair covering whole carapace and forming thick coat concealing surface beneath... 9<br />
7. (6) Two or more superhepatic spines; all long spines black or dark colored .... P. sayi<br />
No superhepatic spines 8<br />
8. (7) Major palm smooth on <strong>large</strong>r part of outer surface P. d<strong>as</strong>ypodus<br />
Major palm rough on <strong>large</strong>r part of outer surface (front lobes shallow; margins of<br />
carapace long spined) P. caribaeus<br />
9. (6) Chelipeds spinous above; transverse row of long hairs across front. P. floridanus<br />
Chelipeds not spinous above; carapace tuberculate 10<br />
10. (9) Felt-like covering of carapace forming well defined areoles, deeply separated from<br />
<strong>one</strong> another; half or less than half of outer surface of major palm bare and smooth ...<br />
..P. holosericus<br />
Felt-like covering of carapace not forming well defined, deeply separated areolets. 11<br />
11. (10) Anterior half of carapace and upper surface of chelipeds dotted with bead-like<br />
tubercles; upper margin of orbit furnished with truncate spines P. pannosus<br />
Tubercles of carapace not numerous or prominent; upper margin of orbit not<br />
spinous P. lacteus
Genus Pseudomedaeus Guinot, 1968<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Xanthidae 613<br />
Median frontal notch V-shaped, usually narrow; margins of anterolateral teeth either<br />
spinous or with beadlike granules; carpi of chelipeds with strong internal spine,<br />
sometimes double P. ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />
Median frontal notch U-shaped; margins of anterolateral teeth almost always<br />
smooth (rarely granulated); carpi of chelipeds with stout internal double spine<br />
P. distinctus<br />
Genus Tetraxanthus Rathbun, 1898<br />
Key to species<br />
Lateral projections of carapace shallow, not prominent; carpi and chelae of<br />
chelipeds smooth with single lobe on inner margin of carpus T. rathbunae<br />
Third and fourth lateral teeth prominent; carpus and proximal portion of outer<br />
surface of palm distinctly rugose and having second, smaller tooth below and<br />
behind prominent inner carpal tooth T. bidentatus
I<br />
to<br />
3<br />
•to<br />
a<br />
a<br />
Actaea bifrons<br />
Actaea acantha<br />
male:<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
b. right chela, external view<br />
d. front, dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
Family Xanthidae 615
Eurypanopeus turgidus<br />
Eurypanopeus abbreviates<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
d. fingers of right chela, external view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
e. fingers of left chela, external view<br />
b. right chela, external view<br />
(from Abele's personal drawings)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Eurypanopeus dissimilis<br />
Eurypanopeus depressus<br />
j. dorsal view (male)<br />
f. carapace, dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
g. fingers of right chela, external view<br />
h. fingers of left chela, external view<br />
i. walking leg<br />
(from Abele's personal drawings)
Family Xanthidae 617
•OS<br />
> - *<br />
-00<br />
ftexapanopeus lobipes •*,<br />
CO<br />
3<br />
d. dorsal view (male) ~<br />
Hexapanopeus caribbaeus<br />
male:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930) V<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
b. right chela, external view<br />
c. left chela, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Mempanopem paulensis<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
f. major chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Xanthidac 619
Hexapanopeus hemphillii<br />
Hexapanopeus angustifrom<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
b. major chela, external view<br />
d. right chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
e. left chela, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Hexapanopeus qmnquedeittatus<br />
f. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />
g. right chela, external view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
Qj / >-<br />
Family Xanthidae 621
I<br />
Menippemercenarm Menippe nodifrons<br />
a. dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a) (after Rathbun, 1930)
Family Xanthidae 623
Micropanope lobifrons<br />
Micropanope pusilla<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
3<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
b. right chela, external view<br />
c. left chela, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Micropanope spinipes<br />
Micropanope sculpiip.es<br />
f. dorsal view (female)<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Xanthidae 625
Micropanope urinator<br />
Micropanope nuttingi<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Micropanope barbadensis<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view<br />
d. major chela, external view<br />
e. walking leg<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
Family Xanlhidae 627
Neopanope texana<br />
Neopanope packardii<br />
d. carapace, dorsal view<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
e. distal portin of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
mesial view (male)<br />
b. right chela, external view<br />
f. denuded dactylus and propodus of fifth<br />
pereopod<br />
c. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod), lateral<br />
view (male)<br />
g. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
lateral view (male)<br />
(a, c, after Abele, 1972b; b, from Abele's personal<br />
drawing)<br />
(after Abele, 1972b)<br />
Neopanope sayi<br />
h. dorsal view (male)<br />
i. major chela, external view (male)<br />
j. denuded dactylus and propodus of fifth pereopod<br />
k. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod), mesial<br />
view (male)<br />
(h, i, after Williams, 1984; j, k, after Abele, 1972b)
Family Xanthidae 629
Panopeus bermudensis<br />
Panopeus americanus<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. major chela, external view<br />
after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Panopeus simpsoni<br />
Panopeus herbstii<br />
holotype female:<br />
male:<br />
f. carapace, dorsal view<br />
d carapace, dorsal view<br />
g. major chela, external view<br />
e. major chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1983)<br />
(after Williams, 1983)
^-,<br />
Family Xanthidue 631
ON<br />
Panopeus obesus £<br />
I.<br />
male: ^<br />
x<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view |<br />
Panopeus lacustris<br />
male:<br />
a. carapace, dorsal view<br />
d. major chela, external view g<br />
b. major chela, oblique dorsal view showing<br />
broadened "molar" teeth on immovable finger<br />
(after Williams, 1983)<br />
(after Williams, 1983)<br />
Panopeus rugosus<br />
e. dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
Family Xanthidac 633
OS-<br />
I<br />
Panopeus occidentalis<br />
Panopeus hartii<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
male:<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
a. major chela, external view<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
jft^^<br />
Family Xanthidae 635
©\<br />
XSJ.<br />
!<br />
S.<br />
ParaUomem longtmana Pamlmmem dispm<br />
a. dorsal view (male) b. outline of carapace and eheliped, dorsal view<br />
(fernale)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
Family Xanthidae 637
c»<br />
•3J.<br />
Pilumnus longleyi I<br />
Pilumnus spinosissimus<br />
female: x<br />
85b.<br />
dorsal view £<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
c. major chela, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Pilumnus nudimanus<br />
Pilumnus marshi<br />
holotype female:<br />
male:<br />
f. caraf ace, dorsal view<br />
& carapace, dorsal view<br />
g. right chela, external vew<br />
e. major chela, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
Family Xanthidae 639
Piktmnus sayi<br />
Pilumnus gemmatus<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view (female)<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
c. major chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
PBimmus caribaeus<br />
PUumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus<br />
f. dorsad view (female)<br />
male:<br />
g. major chela, external view (male)<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
e. major chela, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
x ^<br />
Family Xanthidae 641<br />
-'•r.T,\
Family Xanthidac 643
4Sf<strong>as</strong><br />
35<br />
tt*<br />
Pseudomedaeus distinctus<br />
Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizH<br />
male:<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
c. major chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
family Xnnthidue 645
1<br />
s<br />
Tetraxanthus bidentatus<br />
Tetraxanthus rathbunae<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
male:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930, <strong>as</strong> T. rugosus)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. right ehela, external view,-.<br />
c. left chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Xanthidae 647
ON<br />
X!<br />
3<br />
Banareia palmeri<br />
Allactaea lithostrota<br />
c. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />
allotype female:<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. left anterior portion, ventral view<br />
(after Williams, 1974a)
Family Xunthidue 649
Carpoporus papulosus<br />
Carpilius corallinus<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view (female)<br />
c. cheliped, frontal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Cataleptodius floridanus<br />
d. dorsal view<br />
e. fingers of right chela, external view<br />
f. fingers of left chela, external view<br />
g. walking leg<br />
(from Abele's personal drawings)
Family Xniitliiriiic 651
en<br />
fcs><br />
X<br />
Domecia acanthophora acanthophora<br />
Cfilorodiella longimcwa<br />
b. dorsal view (maie><br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />
Etisus maculatus<br />
Eriphia gonagra<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
:^'-{:S<br />
Family Xanthidae 653
ON<br />
I<br />
Glyptoxantftm emsus<br />
Eurytium limosum<br />
e. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
b. m^jor chela* external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Leptodim pa&vulw<br />
HetermtaeafcerMopus<br />
e. dorsal view (male)<br />
d. dprsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />
(after*Ramb!»B, L930)
Family Xanthidae 655
Melybiathalamita i<br />
L&bopUumnm ag<strong>as</strong>sim<br />
c. dorsal view (male) x<br />
male:<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. major chela, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Pilumnoides nudifrons<br />
Paractaea rufopunciata nodosa<br />
female:<br />
d. dorsal view (female)<br />
e. outline of carapace, dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
f. minor chela, external view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1930)
Family Xanthidae 657<br />
QJ
.So<br />
Plctfypodiella spqctahil® x<br />
65<br />
,3<br />
b; dorsal view (female) '"•.*£<br />
a<br />
(after Rathbun, 1£33) "<br />
Platyactam setigera<br />
a. outline of carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, I960)<br />
Xantho denticulata<br />
Rhffiiropanopeus harrisii<br />
male:<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
& dorsal view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
e. left chela, external view<br />
(after Monod, 1956)
Family Xanthidsfe 659
ON<br />
3<br />
x
Family (xccarciniclac<br />
Key lo genera and species<br />
IB<strong>as</strong>ed on RalhbiuT, 1918|<br />
Fronto-orbital border more than half width of carapace; exopod of each outer (third)<br />
maxilliped exposed and provided with flagellum Cardisoma guanhumi<br />
Fronto-orbital border less than half width of carapace; exopod of each outer<br />
maxilliped concealed or nearly so and without flagellum Gecarcinus<br />
Genus Gecarcinus Leach, 1814<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 19181<br />
Merus of third maxilliped wilh entire margin G. ruricola<br />
Merus of third maxilliped with inner distal emargination G. lateralis
OS<br />
ON<br />
Gecarcinus ruricola<br />
a<br />
Gecarcinus lateralis<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
a.<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
Cardisoma guanhumi<br />
G. ruricola, G. lateralis<br />
e. dorsal view (male)<br />
c. meri and ischia of outer (third) maxillipeds,<br />
ventral view (G. ruricola)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
d. meri and ischia of outer (third) maxillipeds,<br />
ventral view (G. lateralis)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)
Family Cecarcinidae 663
CV<br />
4-
Family Grapsidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918]<br />
Family Grapsidae 665<br />
1. Antennules visible in dorsal view 2<br />
Antennules hidden from dorsal view when folded 3<br />
2. (1) Carapace broader than long Plagusia depressa<br />
Carapace longer than broad ., Percnon gibbesi<br />
3. (1) Third maxilliped without oblique hairy ridge on exposed surface of merus. 4<br />
Third maxilliped with oblique hairy ridge on exposed surface of merus 10<br />
4. (3) Ventral margin of orbit incomplete, paralleled ventrally by deep groove and strong<br />
transverse crest; chelipeds very dissimilar 5<br />
Ventral margin of orbit entire, usually sharply produced, not paralleled by deep<br />
groove and supplementary crest; chelipeds similar 6<br />
5. (4) Palm of major cheliped prolonged proximally far beyond its articulation with carpus.<br />
, Platychirograpsus spectabilis<br />
Palm of major cheliped normal Euchirograpsus<br />
6. (4) Front much less than, half greatest breadth of carapace 7<br />
Front more than half, or about half, greatest breadth of carapace. 8<br />
7. (6) Fingers with broad, spo<strong>one</strong>d tips.., Grapsus grapsus<br />
Fingers acute, not spo<strong>one</strong>d Geograpsus lividus<br />
8. (6) Antennae excluded from orbit , Goniopsis cruentata<br />
Antennae entering orbit '...-..• 9<br />
9. (8) Carapace depressed, distinctly striated Pachygrapsus<br />
Carapace convex, almost smooth Planes minutus<br />
10. (3) Antennae excluded from orbit by tooth at lower inner angle of orbit meeting or<br />
nearly meeting front Aratus pisonii<br />
Antennae lodged in orbital hiatus 11<br />
11. (10) Carapace quadrate or subquadrate. Sesarma<br />
Anterior half of carapace with arcuate margin, posterior half rectangular<br />
Cyclograpsus integer
666 Family Grapsidae<br />
Genus Euefurograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1853<br />
l£ey to species<br />
[Adapted from Tiirkay, 1975J<br />
Suture of gonopod twisted from ventral to dorsal; suture present on dorsal face of<br />
terminal appendage .. E. americanus<br />
Suture of gonopod not twisted; linear along lateral margin of b<strong>as</strong>al fragment; suture<br />
present on ventral face of terminal appendage E. antillensis<br />
Genus Pachygrapsus Randall, 1840<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Chace and Hobbs, 1969]<br />
Ghelipeds with movable finger tuberculate on superior margin; first pleopod of male<br />
broad, terminating in very short corneous tip P. gracilis<br />
Chelipeds with movable finger smooth; first pleopod of male slender, terminating in<br />
long corneous obliquely T-shaped endpiece P. tratisversus
Genus $esav*na Say, 1817<br />
Key to species<br />
| Adapted from Abele, 1973]<br />
Family (Irapsidae 667<br />
1. Movable finger of male chela greatly en<strong>large</strong>d proximally; apex of gonopod with<br />
two sutures S. benedicti<br />
Movable finger of male chela normal, not greatly en<strong>large</strong>d proximally; apex of<br />
gonopod without two sutures 2<br />
2. (1) Superior margin of palm with distinct row of granules; movable finger with row of<br />
sharp tubercles dorsally; carapace with tooth or lobe posterior to outer orbital angle .<br />
,.,.,.•.......5<br />
Superior margin of palm without distinct row of granules; movable finger without<br />
row of sharp tubercles dorsally; carapace without tooth or lobe posterior to outer<br />
orbital angle ...... 3<br />
3. (2) Gonopod with endpiece central, not curved; merus of second walking leg with<br />
length greater than 2.6 times width S. ricordi<br />
Gonopod with endpiece lateral, curved; merus of second walking leg with length<br />
less than 2.6 times width 4<br />
4. (3) Dactylus of fourth walking leg unarmed dorsally 5. miersii<br />
Dactylus of fourth walking leg armed dorsally with short black spines ,<br />
S. cinereum<br />
5. (2) Tooth behind outer orbital angle deeply cut into carapace S. curacaoense<br />
Tooth behind outer orbital angle little more than lobe S. reticulatum
Eudmograpsus antillensis |<br />
Euchirogmpgus americanus<br />
d. meius of second pereopod -«<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) 2.<br />
(male) f<br />
b. disM portion of first pleopod (gonQpod) (male)<br />
c. merus of second pereopod<br />
(afterTukay, 1975)<br />
(a, after Williams, 1984; b, c, after limy, 1975)<br />
Pnchy&apsus transversus<br />
Pachy^mpsus gracilis<br />
g. dorsa£view<br />
f. dorsal: view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)<br />
(after C&a^and^bbs, 1969)
Family Grapsidae 669
Family Grapsidae 671
£0<br />
s<br />
"3<br />
Sesarma reticulatum<br />
Sesarma curacaoense<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(from Abele, in manuscript)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)
Family Grapsidae 673
0\<br />
•53<br />
Cyclograpsus integer •" 0<br />
Aratus pisonii<br />
b. dorsal view (male) "S<br />
a<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969) s<br />
a. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
Goniopsis cruentata<br />
Geograpsus lividus<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
e. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)
Family Clrapsidae 675
•=3<br />
•3<br />
Grapsus grapsus Percnon gibbesi ^<br />
a. dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male) '3<br />
(after Chaee and Hobbs, 1969) (after Williams, 1984) g<br />
Plagusia depressa<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Chaee and Hobbs, 1969)
Family Grapsidae 677
<strong>as</strong><br />
•-ago<br />
3<br />
O<br />
69<br />
•a<br />
Ptanes mimitus PlatychirogmpsmspeetabUis<br />
a., dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984) (after Rathbun, 1918, <strong>as</strong> P.- typicus)
Family Grapsidae 679
680 Famijy Grapsidae
Family Pinnotheridae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| B<strong>as</strong>ed op Rathbun, 1018, and Williams, 1984|<br />
Family Pinnotheridae 681<br />
1. Dactyli of first, second, and third walking legs bifurcate .. Dissodactylus<br />
Dactyli of walking legs simple, acute 2<br />
2. (1) Third walking leg longest and broadest Pinnixa<br />
Third walking leg not longest and broadest 3<br />
3. (2) Walking legs diminishing in size from distinctly <strong>large</strong>st first to smallest l<strong>as</strong>t leg<br />
(carapace about twice <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long) Parapinnixa<br />
Walking legs not diminishing in size from first to l<strong>as</strong>t leg 4<br />
4. (3) Carapace with 2 longitudinal, impressed lines leading back from middle of upper<br />
margin of orbit; second walking leg longest Fabia<br />
Carapace without 2 longitudinal, impressed lines leading back from middle of upper<br />
margin of orbit; second and third walking legs nearly equal in length 5<br />
5. (4) Dactylus of third maxilliped very small and inserted at end of propodus<br />
-.. , Orthotheres strombi<br />
Dactylus of third maxilliped stiliform and inserted on inner side of propodus 6<br />
6. (5) Buccal m<strong>as</strong>s subquadrate; carapace somewhat orbicular and either smooth and<br />
membranous or firm and covered with short pile Pinnotheres<br />
Buccal m<strong>as</strong>s subtriangular; carapace firm, smooth Pinnaxodes floridensis
682 family fininrtjieridae<br />
Genus Dipsodqctylus Smith, 1870<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918]<br />
1. Dactylus of fourth walking leg bifurcate, <strong>as</strong> in other pairs; carapace covered with<br />
numerous transverse ridges; anterolateral margin dentate D. rugatus<br />
Dactylus of fourth walking leg simple, not bifurcate; carapace with no more than<br />
<strong>one</strong> dorsal ridge on each side; anterolateral margin entire, non-dentate.... u .2<br />
2. (1) Dorsal ridge transverse. , :..... ......D. itebitmgi<br />
Dorsal ridge oblique ;.....i.,.. 3<br />
3. (2) Secondary spines of dactyli of walking legs 1, 2, and 3 minute and remote front<br />
primary spine................. ... ........................................ 4<br />
Secondary spines of dactyli of walking legs 1, 2, and 3 of good size....... i 5<br />
4 (3) Propodus of third maxilliped widening sligntly distally; outer two-thirds of distal<br />
margin truncate .>>.. ,..*,. *•*•,....... -.v.-. *•,., .v...........;. -4......... ..v... D. borradailei<br />
Propodus of third rnaxilliped not widening; distally^ distal margin rbufkltedl......... i..<br />
^..»,...,^>.,v,........,....;., .........................................D. primitivus<br />
5. (3) Dactyli of walking legs 1,2, and 3 bifurcate halfway to their b<strong>as</strong>es.... ^ metUtae<br />
Dactyli of walking legs 1,2, and 3 bifurcate less than halfway to their b<strong>as</strong>es....,.*....<br />
......... .D, crihiticlielis<br />
Genus Fabia Dana, 1851<br />
Key to females of species<br />
[Adapted from Cobb, 1973]<br />
Third pereopod longer on right than on left side; transverse sulcus across frontal<br />
region , F. byssomiae<br />
Third pereopods equal in size; no transverse sulcus across frontal region,.......!:....<br />
.......;...... F.teUinae
Genus Parapinnixa Holmes, 1894<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />
Family Pinnotheridae 683<br />
Carapace less than twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> long , P. bouvieri<br />
Carapace more than twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> long P. hendersoni<br />
Genus Pinnixa White, 1846<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 1984]<br />
1. Dorsal surface of carapace with four prominent transverse ridges<br />
. .... P. leptosynaptae<br />
Dorsal surface of carapace without four transverse ridges 2<br />
2. (1) Posterior part of carapace with conspicuous, sharp, transverse ridge extending<br />
uninterruptedly from side to side 3<br />
Posterior part of carapace without transverse ridge or with ridge falling well short<br />
of lateral margin of carapace 4<br />
3. (2) Carapace less broad, width-length ratio 2.5; lateral angles less acutely produced;<br />
third walking leg proportionately heavier, length-width ratios of merus and<br />
propodus 2.2 and 1.6 respectively, with no dense pubescence on posterior margin;<br />
female without rudimentary proximal tooth above immovable finger P. chacei<br />
Carapace more broad, width-length ratio 2.85; lateral angles more acutely produced;<br />
on third walking leg, length-width ratios of merus and propodus 2.9 and 1.8<br />
respectively, with rather dense pubescence on posterior margin; female with<br />
rudimentary proximal tooth above immovable finger P. cristata<br />
4. (2) Chela with inner margin of dactylus not smoothly bent 90° at 1/4 to 1/2 distance<br />
from its proximal end when flexed 5<br />
Chela with inner margin of dactylus smoothly bent 90° at 1/4 to 112 distance from<br />
its proximal end (adult male with dactylus flexed) 10<br />
5. (4) Immovable finger of chela with prehensile edge variously toothed, merging with<br />
lower margin at tip 6<br />
Immovable finger of chela with prehensile edge and lower margin connected<br />
distally by subterminal, oblique margin (female and juvenile male) 10
684 Family Pinnotheridae<br />
6. (5) Prehensile edge of immovable finger horizontal of inclined at less than 30° angle... 7<br />
Prehensile edge of immovable finger inclined! at more than 40° angle (juvenile male).<br />
10<br />
7. (6) Third walking leg with greatest length of merus more than twice greatest width,<br />
posterodistal end of ischium prolonged into stout curved spine (may be lacking in<br />
juvenile) ...; P. retinens<br />
Third walking leg with greatest length of merus less than twice greatest width,<br />
ischium lacking stout curved spine .....; :....;.;...;..... * 8<br />
8. (7) Outer surface of chela with numerous scattered granules and long hairs above midhorizontal<br />
row of granules; upper margin of dactylus bearing numerous long hairs ..<br />
;....;...;............ P. floridana<br />
Outer surface of chela with few, if any, grariuies; few short hairs (mainly on<br />
immovable finger and upper margin of dactylus) 9<br />
9. (8) Third walking leg with posterior surface of merus not deeply excavate behind<br />
smoothly beaded posterior margin P. cylindrica<br />
Third walking leg with posterior surface of merus deeply excavate behind nearly<br />
entire length of laminate arid strongly beaded* of tuberculate posterior margin<br />
* P. lunzi<br />
10. (4) Third walking leg with greatest length of propodus twice or more than twice its<br />
greatest width .......................^... k 11<br />
Third walking leg with greatest length of pfbpodus less than twice its greatest width.<br />
..............,.;..;.. 12<br />
11. (10) Third walking leg with inferoposteriof margin of merus coarsely granulated or<br />
toothed (may be concealed by hair) juvenile;.....^.....;.. P. chaetopterana<br />
Third walking leg with inferoposterior margin of merus finely toothed or granular...<br />
.. ... i P. sayana<br />
12. (10) Single bilobed cardiac ridge present. P. pearsei<br />
Two short ridges on cardiac region 1 P. chaetopterana
Genus Pinnotheres Bosc, 1801-1802<br />
Key to females of species (except for P. hemp hi Hi)<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1918]<br />
Family Pinnotheridae 685<br />
1. . Palp of outer (third) maxilliped <strong>large</strong>, nearly or quite half <strong>as</strong> <strong>large</strong> <strong>as</strong> merus<br />
P. maculatus<br />
Palp of outer maxilliped small, not nearly half <strong>as</strong> <strong>large</strong> <strong>as</strong> merus 2<br />
2. (1) Carapace wider than long P. ostreum<br />
Carapace <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> or longer than wide 3<br />
3. (2) Dactyli of all walking legs similar, falcate P. shoemakeri<br />
Dactylus of fourth walking leg of shape different from others, almost straight,<br />
except for slender, curved, horny tip P. moseri<br />
Key to males of species (except for P. moseri)<br />
| Adapted from Rathbun, 19181<br />
1. Carapace wider than long. 2<br />
Carapace <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> or longer than wide 3<br />
2. (1) Carapace octagonal; sternum sharply cristate P. hemphilli<br />
Carapace suborbicular; sternum not sharply cristate P. ostreum<br />
3. (1) Postlateral portion of branchial region inclined abruptly in steep plane, oblique to<br />
dorsal surface of carapace, in which it forms reentering angle P. shoemakeri<br />
Branchial region gradually inclined downward toward margin; carapace with 4<br />
<strong>large</strong>, persistent, white spots P. maculatus
,6&6 Family Pinnotheridae<br />
I<br />
•ft<br />
«<br />
<br />
.^<br />
CO<br />
a<br />
•a<br />
%<br />
S<br />
8.<br />
rrt<br />
£ '*T*<br />
>»i'<br />
h CD<br />
•4-2<br />
o<br />
,g<br />
w -^<br />
O .«)<br />
t3 £<br />
ci xi<br />
I<br />
3<br />
3<br />
o<br />
-4-><br />
JC3<br />
53<br />
I<br />
J<br />
• ><br />
1<br />
Family IMnnotlieridae 687
OS<br />
00<br />
00<br />
Dissodactylus mellitae Dissodactylus crinitichelis<br />
a. dorsal view b. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984) (after Williams, 1984)
Family Pinnotheridae 689
ON<br />
O<br />
65<br />
3<br />
Fabia tellinae<br />
Fabia byssomiae<br />
b. dorsal view (paratype male)<br />
a. left outer (third) maxilliped (female)<br />
c. dorsaliview (paratype female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Cobb, 1973)
Family Pinnotheridae 691
^<br />
Parapinnixa hendersoni<br />
Parapinnixa bouvieri<br />
b. dorsal view (female)<br />
a. dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />
(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family IMnnotheridiie 693
4^<br />
Pinnixa chacei =<br />
Pinnixa leptosynaptae<br />
b. dorsal view (holotype male) §<br />
3<br />
©<br />
a. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
c. right cheliped (holotype female) f<br />
(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968)<br />
(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955) |<br />
Pinnixa retinens<br />
Pinnixa cristata<br />
e. dorsal view (female)<br />
d. dorsal view (male)<br />
f. third walking leg (holotype male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
g. left chela* external view (holotype male)<br />
(after Williams, 1584)
Family Pinnotheridae 695
OS<br />
Pinnixa cylindrica £<br />
Pinnixa floridana<br />
male: ^<br />
..3"<br />
c. dorsal view I<br />
female:<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
d. right cheliped, external view<br />
b. left cheliped, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Pinnixa say ana<br />
Pinnixa lunzi<br />
male:<br />
e, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
g. dorsal view<br />
t right cheliped, external view (male)<br />
h. right cheliped, external view<br />
(after WilMar<strong>as</strong>, 1984)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Pinnotheridae 697
•v©<br />
3S<br />
«1<br />
Pinnixa chaetopterana<br />
Pinnixa pearsei<br />
male:<br />
holotype male:<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
d. right cheliped, external view<br />
b. right cheliped, external view<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955)
Family Pinnotheridae 699
©<br />
Pinnotheres ostreum ft<br />
Pinnotheres maculatus<br />
female: ^<br />
5*'"<br />
c. dorsal view s.<br />
female:<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
d. left outer (third) maxilliped 5*<br />
b. left outer (thkd) maxilliped<br />
»."<br />
(c, after Williams, 1984; d, after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(a, after Williams, 1984; b, after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
Pinnotheres mosem<br />
ird) maxilliped<br />
e. endopod of rigfttsoute-r (i<br />
(afterRathbun, mty>
Family Pinnotheridae 701
-4<br />
.©<br />
Pinnotheres ostreum |<br />
Pinnotheres hemphilli<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
holotype male:<br />
(after Williams, 1984) I<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
Pinnotheres• tnaculatus<br />
Pinnotheres shoemakeri<br />
e. dorsal view (male)<br />
d. endopodxrf left outer (third)maxilliped<br />
(holotype male)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)
Family Pinnotherklae 703
si<br />
©<br />
Pinnaxodes floridensis<br />
Orthotheres strombi<br />
male:<br />
a. endopod of right outer (third) maxilliped<br />
(holotype male)<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
c. left ehelipedy outer view<br />
(after Wiiams, 1984)
i—i i i<br />
Family Pinnotheridae 705
7Q6 Family Pinnotheridae
Family Ocypodidae<br />
Key to genera and species<br />
| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Chace and I Iobbs, 19691<br />
Family Ocypodidae 707<br />
1. Fronto-orbital distance barely two-thirds of maximum carapace width; no<br />
specialized hair-fringed ventral opening between coxae of third and fourth<br />
pereopods Ucides cordatus<br />
Fronto-orbital distance at le<strong>as</strong>t nine-tenths of maximum carapace width; specialized<br />
hair-fringed opening between coxae of third and fourth pereopods 2<br />
2. (1) Carapace nearly subquadrate in adults, more than four-fifths <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide;<br />
cornea greatly swollen, occupying much more than half of extensor surface of distal<br />
segment of eyestalk; chelipeds somewhat unequal in both sexes Ocypode quadrata<br />
Carapace broader, seldom more than two-thirds <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide; cornea occupying<br />
less than half of extensor surface of distal segment of eyestalk; <strong>one</strong> cheliped greatly<br />
en<strong>large</strong>d in males, both chelipeds small and subequal in females Uca<br />
Genus Uca Leach, 1814<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Crane, 1975]<br />
1. Minor chela with gape wide, in middle at le<strong>as</strong>t half width of adjacent part of<br />
movable finger; opposing edges practically parallel in at le<strong>as</strong>t gape's proximal half<br />
and only chela tips in contact; serrations absent or at most few, minute, and<br />
irregular; male abdomen with some segments partly fused U. leptodactyla<br />
Minor chela with gape narrow, in middle clearly less than half width of adjacent<br />
part of movable finger, diminishing distally; opposing edges often almost in contact<br />
except gape's b<strong>as</strong>e (uncommon individuals of pugilator)', serrations distinct and<br />
regular throughout middle section; male abdomen with all segments distinct 2<br />
2. (1) No pile on walking legs in either sex (carapace moderately arched; tip of gonopod<br />
not thick and contorted but relatively flat and narrow with two flanges and tapering<br />
inner process; female gonopore not usually <strong>large</strong>, without raised rim) 3<br />
Ambulatory pile always present at le<strong>as</strong>t on second and third carpus and propodus.. 4<br />
3. (2) Cardiac H-form with rust-red pigmentation; gonopod in male continuing to follow<br />
curvature of shaft to tip of gonopod U. panacea<br />
Cardiac He-form with grey-brown pigmentation; gonopod in male diverging away<br />
from arm, causing tip of gonopod to form concave arch on side opposite arm<br />
U. pugilator
70$ Family Ocyfcodidae<br />
4. (2) Front narrow, contained at le<strong>as</strong>t 4.5 times in carapace breadth; palm with,dorsal<br />
beaded edge above carpal cavity, not curving down around cavity's distal margin ...<br />
(/. thayeri<br />
Front wider, contained at most 3.5 times in carapace breadth, usually less;,degree<br />
of downward curving of palm's dorsal beaded edge various ,., :...>. 5,<br />
5-. (4) Anterolateral margins practically straight, posteriorly always sharply angled; palm's<br />
dorsal beaded edge slanting only slightly downward, usually with little or na<br />
curvature ,. 6<br />
Anterolateral margins convex, curving gradually into posterodorsal margins; palm's<br />
dorsal beaded edge strong, curving distinctly downward along carpal cavity's upper<br />
di stal edge * 7<br />
6. (5) Spine or tooth present on inner surface of carpus; oblique ridge inside palm, very<br />
prominent. ...U. spinicarpq<br />
No spine on inner surface of carpus; oblique ridge inside palm moderately<br />
prominent ..-....' U. speciosa<br />
7. (5) Palm with oblique, tuberculate ridge vestigial to absent; pile in marbled pattern<br />
present over most of carapace (but often <strong>large</strong>ly absent through abr<strong>as</strong>ion); secpnd<br />
and third walking legs without pile in females, with pile in males, including lower<br />
palm; gonopod tip thick, its inner process broad and truncate;, female gonoppre with<br />
edge unevenly raised, with three unequal tubercles l/», vq^afdir<br />
Palm with oblique, tuberculate ridge always distinct, although tubercles often in,<br />
irregular rows or bands; pile on carapace absent or scanty, confined to H-fprm<br />
depression and, rarely, other grooves or anterolateral region, never in widely<br />
distributed marbled pattern; second and third walking legs always with pile on,<br />
carpus and palm in both sexes at le<strong>as</strong>t dorsally; gonopod with inner process<br />
narrow, tapering; female gonopore with edge raised or not and with or without<br />
single tubercle 8<br />
8. (7) Second and third walking legs with pile on ventral <strong>as</strong> well <strong>as</strong> dorsal sides of carpi<br />
and propodi (major chela with proximal ridge at dactylus b<strong>as</strong>e paralleling adjacent<br />
furrow; eyebrow strongly inclined, almost vertical; pile on ventral sides of walking<br />
carpus and propodus scanty, fragile, confined to anteroventral margins)<br />
, U. lortgisignalis<br />
Pile completely absent on lower sides of walking legs, .. .....,,........ 9
Family Ocypodidae 709<br />
9. (8) Proximal ridge at movable finger's b<strong>as</strong>e clearly diverging upward from adjacent<br />
groove, often either with angle ventrally or with curve throughout; center of palm<br />
always rough with tubercles of moderate size, not fine granules; tip of immovable<br />
finger never with outer subdistal crest but always with en<strong>large</strong>d, subdistal tubercle<br />
with posterior part of edge clearly raised U. burgersi<br />
Proximal ridge at movable finger's b<strong>as</strong>e straight, closely paralleling adjacent furrow<br />
or {minax only) in upper portion minutely diverging from it; center of palm various;<br />
tip of immovable finger always with outer, subdistal crest at le<strong>as</strong>t indicated and<br />
never with en<strong>large</strong>d, subdistal tubercle in gape's median row; meri of walking legs<br />
various; female gonopore various 10<br />
10. (9) Center of palm almost always finely granulate, usually appearing almost smooth,<br />
although exceptions occur; subdistal crest on outer surface of immovable finger<br />
almost always strongly developed, highest tubercle usually proximal with several<br />
others diminishing regularly toward tip; walking meri broad, dorsal margins of<br />
third and fourth clearly convex at le<strong>as</strong>t on <strong>one</strong> side in both sexes; apex of oblique<br />
tuberculate ridge on palm high, tubercles almost always continued little or not at all<br />
upward around carpal cavity; eyebrow only moderately inclined and usually<br />
narrower than smaller dimension of thickness of adjacent, depressed eyestalk;<br />
female gonopore with tubercle U. rapax<br />
Center of palm almost always with <strong>large</strong>, sometimes flat tubercles; apex of oblique<br />
ridge low, often lower than its median section, continued or not upward around<br />
carpal cavity; crest on outer surface of immovable finger highly variable within each<br />
species in strength and form; walking meri slender in males; dorsal margins of<br />
fourth scarcely or not at all convex, broader in females; eyebrows various; female<br />
gonopore with or without small tubercle 11<br />
11. (10) Front extremely broad, clearly more than <strong>one</strong>-third carapace breadth in both sexes;<br />
eyebrow wider than smaller dimension of adjacent, depressed eyestalk; oblique<br />
ridge inside palm not continued upward around carpal cavity; female carapace<br />
dorsally with antero-lateral patches of conspicuous tubercles; crab size <strong>large</strong>; in<br />
fresh male specimens joints of major cheliped bordered by red patches .. U. minax<br />
Front narrower, less than <strong>one</strong>-third carapace breadth in males, about <strong>one</strong>-third in<br />
females; eyebrow almost always strongly inclined, almost vertical, narrower in<br />
males than smaller dimension of adjacent, depressed eyestalk, in females subequal<br />
to it; front always with distal margin's inner edge normally rounded; female<br />
gonopore with posterior edge slightly raised and sometimes with minute tubercle; in<br />
fresh male specimens joints of major cheliped bordered by yellow or yellow-brown<br />
U. pugnax
Uca panacea<br />
Uca leptodactyla<br />
c. dorsal view (allotype female)<br />
a. major chela, internal view<br />
d. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
anterior view (male)<br />
b. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
lateral view (male)<br />
(after Novak and Salmon, 1974)<br />
(a, after Crane, 1975; b, after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
Uca thayeri<br />
Uca pugilator<br />
f. dorsal view (male)<br />
e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
anterior view (male)<br />
g. minor chela<br />
(after Novak and Salmon, 1974)<br />
h. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
lateral view (male)<br />
(f, after Rathbun 1918; g, after Crane, 1975; h,<br />
Oiace and Hobbs, 1969)
Family Ocypodidae 711<br />
Qj
Uca speciosa<br />
Uca spinicarpa<br />
b. dorsal view<br />
a. chela and carpus of major cheliped,<br />
dorsal view<br />
c. chela and carpus of major cheliped,<br />
dorsal view<br />
(after SI-NMNH, USNM 180207)<br />
(b, from Abele's personal drawings; c, after specimen<br />
at SI-NMNH, USNM 113417)<br />
Uca longisignalis<br />
Uca vocator<br />
f. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
male:<br />
(after Salmon and At<strong>as</strong>aides, 1968)<br />
& dorsal view<br />
e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
lateral view<br />
(after Ghaee and Hobbs, 1969)
Family Ocypodidae 713
-a<br />
Uca rapax ^<br />
Uca burger si<br />
c. major chela, external view =<br />
male:<br />
d. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) ?<br />
(male) f<br />
2*.<br />
e. second pereopod (male) |<br />
(c, d, after Crane, 1975; e, after Holthuis, 1959)<br />
a. dorsal view<br />
b. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />
lateral view (male)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969; major chela in drawing<br />
after Crane, 1975)<br />
Ucapugnax<br />
Uca minax<br />
i. major chela, internal view<br />
f. anterior part, frontal view<br />
j. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod)<br />
(male)<br />
g. major chela, internal view<br />
h. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />
(after Crane, 1975)<br />
(after Crane, 1975)
Family Ocypodltlae 715
<strong>as</strong><br />
65:<br />
3:<br />
•a<br />
o<br />
gj...<br />
a.<br />
Ucides cordatus<br />
Ocypode quadrata<br />
b. dorsal view (male)<br />
2L dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />
(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)
£^<br />
Family Ocypodidae 717
718 Family Palicidae<br />
Family Palicidae<br />
Genus Palicus Phlippi, 1838<br />
Key to species<br />
[Adapted from Rathbun, 1918]<br />
1. Length of second walking leg not more than twice width of carapace. 2<br />
Length of second walking leg more than twice width of carapace 8<br />
2. (1) L<strong>as</strong>t sternal segment forming thin, laminiform crest conspicuous in dorsal view;<br />
carapace with 3 lateral teeth, exclusive of orbital tooth P. sica<br />
L<strong>as</strong>t sternal segment not forming laminiform crest conspicuous in dorsal view 3<br />
3. (2) Meri of second and third walking legs each having, at its superodistal angle, obtuse<br />
lobe, more or less prominent, sometimes atrophied 4<br />
Meri of second or second and third walking legs each having, at its superodistal<br />
angle, prominent lobe ending in sharp point 6<br />
4. (3) Carapace with four lateral teeth on each side (not counting outer orbital tooth),<br />
diminishing in size from front to back; walking legs with 3 or 4 <strong>large</strong> teeth on<br />
anterior margin P. cristatipes<br />
Carapace with two lateral teeth on each side, sometimes with rudiments of third<br />
farther back; walking legs without <strong>large</strong> teeth on anterior margin except distal tooth ;<br />
.., .5<br />
5. (4) Anterolateral teeth blunt P. alternatus<br />
Anterolateral teeth acute P. affinis<br />
6. (3) Outer suborbital lobe strongly convex on anterior margin; anterolateral teeth blunt.,.<br />
P. obesus<br />
Outer suborbital lobe truncate and nearly straight on anterior margin; anterolateral<br />
teeth acute 7<br />
7. (6) Outer orbital tooth pointing straight ahead; first tooth (excluding outer orbital) oh<br />
lateral margin with posterior border curved, longer than anterior border; tubercles of<br />
carapace very distinct from prominences bearing them P. dentatus<br />
Outer orbital tooth with tips turned inward; first tooth (excluding outer orbital) on<br />
lateral margin subtriangular, borders subequal in length P. faxoni
Family Palicidae 719<br />
8. (1) Outer suborbital lobe visible from above and almost <strong>as</strong> advanced <strong>as</strong> pterygostomial<br />
lobe; <strong>one</strong> <strong>large</strong>r lateral tooth between two smaller lobes or denticles P. cursor<br />
Outer suborbital lobe much less advanced than ear-shaped prominence formed by<br />
pterygostomial region at its anterior angle 9<br />
9. (8) One lateral tooth and <strong>one</strong> tubercle; second walking leg 3.5 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> width of<br />
carapace P. gracilis<br />
Three lateral teeth; second walking leg 3 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> width of carapace<br />
P. floridana
to<br />
o<br />
Palicus cristatipes<br />
Palicus sica<br />
b. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />
a. dorsal view (female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)<br />
Palicus affinis<br />
Palicus alternatus<br />
& anterior part of carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />
c. dorsal view<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Williams, 1984)
Family Palicidae 721
65<br />
Palicus dentatus ,<br />
65<br />
b. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />
Palicus obesus<br />
a. dorsal view (holotype immature female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
Palicus cursor<br />
Palicus faxoni<br />
d. dorsal view (female)<br />
c. dorsal view (male)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Williams, 1965a)
Family Palicidae 723
•^4<br />
w<br />
3<br />
Palicus floridana<br />
Palicus gracilis<br />
b. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />
a. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />
(after Rathbun, 1918)
Family I'allcidac 725
Family Cryptochiridae<br />
Genus Pseudocryptochirus Iliro, 1938<br />
Key to species<br />
[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Shaw and Hopkins, 1977]<br />
Family Cryptochiridae 727<br />
Posterior lateral margins of carapace expanded, anterior lateral margins tuberculate;<br />
sternum with transverse rows of tubercles; inhabiting canopy-like burrows of<br />
Agariciafragilis (Family Agariciidae) P. hypostegus<br />
Posterior lateral margins of carapace parallel, anterior lateral margins spined;<br />
sternum without transverse rows of tubercles; inhabiting lunate pits oblique to<br />
surface of living corals of families Mussidae and Flaviidae.......... P. corallicola
oo<br />
P<br />
3r<br />
a<br />
1:<br />
V!<br />
T3<br />
Pseudocryptochirus corallicola<br />
Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus<br />
d carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />
a. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />
e. habitat in Scolymia lacera<br />
b. habitat in Agaricia fragilis<br />
(after Shaw and Hopkins, 1977)<br />
c. sternum (paratype male)<br />
(after Shaw and Hopkins, 1977)
Family Cryptochiridae 729
Abele, L. G.<br />
1970. The marine decapod Crustacea of the<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, i-v, 1-137. M.S.<br />
thesis, Florida State University, Tallah<strong>as</strong>see.<br />
1971. A new species of Periclimenaeus Borradaile,<br />
1915 (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Palaemonidae)<br />
from the Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico. Tulane<br />
Studies in Zoology and Botany, 17(2): 38-40.<br />
1972a. The status of Sesarma angustipes Dana, 1852,<br />
S. trapezium Dana, 1852 and S. miersii<br />
Rathbun, 1897 (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>:<br />
Grapsidae) in the Western Atlantic. Caribbean<br />
Journal of Science, 12(3-4): 165-170.<br />
1972b. A reevaluation of the Neopanope lexana-sayi<br />
complex with notes on N. packardii<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Xanthidae) in the<br />
Northwestern Atlantic. Chesapeake Science,<br />
13(4): 263-271.<br />
1972c. Introductions of two freshwater decapod<br />
crustaceans (Hymenosomatidae and Atyidae)<br />
into Central and North America. Crustaceana,<br />
23(3): 209-218.<br />
1973. Taxonomy, distribution and ecology of the<br />
genus Sesarma (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Grapsidae) in E<strong>as</strong>tern North America, with<br />
special reference to Florida. The American<br />
Midland Naturalist, 90(2): 375-386.<br />
1975. The Macruran Decapod Crustacea of Malpelo<br />
Island. In Graham, J. B. (ed.) The Biological<br />
Investigation of Malpelo Island, Colombia.<br />
Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 176:<br />
69-85.<br />
Abele, L. G. and B. Felgenhauer.<br />
1982. Eucarida. In McGraw-Hill Synopsis and<br />
Cl<strong>as</strong>sification of Living Organisms, 2: 295-<br />
326.<br />
Armstrong, J. C.<br />
1949. New Caridea from the Dominican Republic.<br />
American Museum Novitates, 1410: 1-27.<br />
Banner, A. H., and D. M. Banner.<br />
1966. The Alpheid shrimp of Thailand. The Siam<br />
Society Monograph series, 3: 1-168.<br />
Banner, D. M., and A. H. Banner.<br />
1973. The Alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part I: the<br />
lower genera. Records of the Australian<br />
Museum, 28(15): 291- 382.<br />
Barnard, K. H.<br />
1950. Descriptive Catalogue of South African<br />
LITERATURE CITED<br />
Literature Ciled 7.11<br />
decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals<br />
of the South African Museum, 38: 1- 837,<br />
figs. 1-154.<br />
Bate, C. S.<br />
1888. Report on the Crustacea Macrura dredged by H.<br />
M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876.<br />
Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage<br />
ofH. M. S. Challenger, Zoology, 24: xc +<br />
942 pages, plates 1-150.<br />
Benedict, J. E.<br />
1901. The anomuran collections made by the Fish<br />
Hawk Expedition to Porto Rico. United<br />
States Fish Commission Bulletin, 20(2):<br />
129-148, plates 3-6.<br />
1902. Description of a new genus and forty-six new<br />
species of crustaceans of the Family<br />
Galatheidae with a list of the known marine<br />
species. Proceedings of the United States<br />
National Museum, 26(1311): 243- 334, 47<br />
figures.<br />
Biffar, T. A.<br />
1970. Three new species of callian<strong>as</strong>sid shrimp<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) from the western<br />
Atlantic. Proceedings of the Biological<br />
Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 83(3): 35-50, 3<br />
figures.<br />
1971a. The genus Callian<strong>as</strong>sa (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) in South Florida, with keys to<br />
the western Atlantic species. Bulletin of<br />
Marine Science, 21(3): 637-715.<br />
1971b. New species of Callian<strong>as</strong>sa (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) from the western Atlantic.<br />
Crustaceana, 21(3): 225-236.<br />
Biffar, T. A., and A. J. Provenzano Jr.<br />
1972. A reexamination of Dardanus venosus (H.<br />
Milne Edwards) and D. imperator (Miers), with<br />
a description of a new species of Dardanus<br />
from the western Atlantic (Crustacea,<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Diogenidae). Bulletin of Marine<br />
Science, 22(4): 777-805<br />
Boesch, D. F., and A. E. Smalley.<br />
1972. A new axiid (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) from<br />
the northern Gulf of Mexico and tropical<br />
Atlantic. Bulletin of Marine Science, 22(1):<br />
45-52.<br />
Bo<strong>one</strong>, L.<br />
1927. Crustacea from tropical e<strong>as</strong>t American Se<strong>as</strong>.
732 Literature Cited<br />
Scientific results of the first oceanographic<br />
expedition of the "Pawnee" 1925. Bulletin of<br />
The Bingham Oceanographic Collection,<br />
1(2): 1-147.<br />
Bousfield, E. L.<br />
1956. Studies on the shore Crustacea collected in<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern Nova Scotia and Newfoundland,<br />
1954. Annual Report of the National<br />
Museum of Canada for the Fiscal Year 1954-<br />
55, Bulletin 142: 127-152.<br />
Bousfield, E. L., and D. R. Laubitz.<br />
1972. Station lists and new distributional records<br />
of littoral marine invertebrates of the<br />
Canadian Atlantic and New England regions.<br />
National Museum of Natural Sciences<br />
Publications in Biological Oceanography, 5:<br />
1-51.<br />
Bousfield, E. L., and A. H. Leim.<br />
1960. The fauna of Min<strong>as</strong> B<strong>as</strong>in and Min<strong>as</strong><br />
Channel. National Museum of Canada,<br />
Bulletin 166: 1-30.<br />
Bouvier, E. L.<br />
1925. Reports on the results of dredging, under the<br />
supervision of Alexander Ag<strong>as</strong>siz, in the<br />
Gulf of Mexico (1877-78), in the Caribbean<br />
Sea (1878-79), and along the Atlantic Co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
of the U. S. (1880), by the U. S. Co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Survey Steamer "Blake". Memoirs of the<br />
Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard<br />
College, 47(5): 400-472, plates 3-10.<br />
Bowman, T. E., and L. G. Abele.<br />
1982. Cl<strong>as</strong>sification of the Recent Crustacea. In L.<br />
G. Abele, ed., Systematics, the fossil record,<br />
and biogeography. Pg. 1-27. The Biology<br />
of Crustacea, 1.<br />
Bowman, T. E., and J. C. McCain.<br />
1967. Distribution of the planktonic shrimp,<br />
Lucifer in the Western North Atlantic.<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science, 17(3): 660-<br />
671.<br />
Bruce, A. J.<br />
1974. On Lysmata grabhami (Gordon), a widely<br />
distributed tropical hippolytid shrimp<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Caridea). Crustaceana, 27(1):<br />
107-109.<br />
1975. On the occurrence of Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanlicus<br />
Gurney, 1939 in the western Indian Ocean<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Caridea). Crustaceana, 29(3):<br />
301-305.<br />
Burkenroad, M. D.<br />
1934. The Penaeidea of Louisiana with a discussion of<br />
their world relationships. Bulletin of the<br />
American Museum of Natural History, 68(2):<br />
61-143.<br />
1936. The Aristaeinae, Solenoeerinae and pelagic<br />
Penaeinae of the Bingham Oceahdgraphic<br />
Collection. Bulletin of the Bingham<br />
Oceonographic Collection, 5(2): 1-151.<br />
Burukovskii, R. N.<br />
1983. Key to shrimps and lobsters. Russian<br />
Translation, Series 5, 174 pages, 189 figures,<br />
A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.<br />
Camp, D. K., N. H. Whiting, and R. E. Martin<br />
1977. Nearshore marine ecology at Hutchinson Island,<br />
Florida: 1971-1974. V. Arthropods. Florida<br />
Marine Research Publication, 25: 1-63.<br />
Cerame-Viv<strong>as</strong>, M. J., A. B. Williams, and I.<br />
E. Gray.<br />
1963. New decapod crustacean records for the co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
from the North Carolina. Crustaceana, 5(2):<br />
157-160.<br />
Chace, F. A., Jr.<br />
1939. Reports on the scientific results of the first<br />
Atlantis expedition to the West Indies, under the<br />
joint auspices of the University of Havana and<br />
Harvard University. Preliminary descriptions of<br />
<strong>one</strong> new genus and seventeen new species of<br />
decapod and stomatopod Crustacea. Memori<strong>as</strong> de<br />
la Sociedad Cubana de Historic Natural, 13(1):<br />
31-54.<br />
1940a. The Bathypelagic Caridean Crustacea. Part IX In<br />
Plankton of the Bermuda Oceanographic<br />
Expeditions. IX. The bathypelagic Caridean<br />
Crustacea. Zoologica (New York), 25(2): 117-<br />
209, 64 figures<br />
1940b. Reports on the scientific results of the Atlantis<br />
expeditions to the West Indies, under the joint<br />
auspices of the University of Havana and Harvard<br />
University. The brachyuran crabs. Torreiai<br />
(Havana), 4: 1-67.<br />
1942a. Six new species of decapod and stomatopod<br />
Crustacea from the Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings<br />
of the New England Zoological Club, 19: 79-<br />
92, plates 23-38.<br />
1942b. Reports on the scientific results of the Atlantis<br />
expedititons to the West Indies, under the joint<br />
auspices of the University of Havana and Harvard<br />
University. The Anomuran Crustacea. I.<br />
Galatheidae. Torreia, (Havana), 11: 1-106.<br />
1951. The oceanic crabs of the genera Planes and<br />
Pachygrapsus. Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 101(3272): 65-103.<br />
1958. A new shrimp of the genus Peridimenes from<br />
the West Indies. Proceedings of the Biological<br />
Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, l\i 125-132.<br />
1966. Decapod crustaceans from St. Helena Island,<br />
South Atlantic. Proceedings of the if. S.<br />
National Museum, 118(3536): 623-661, 2<br />
plates.<br />
1969. A new genus and five new species of shrimps<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Palaemonidae, Pontoniinae) from<br />
the Western Atlantic. Crustaceana, 16(3):<br />
251-272.<br />
1970. A new shrimp of the genus Lysmata<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Hippolytidae) from the Western<br />
Atlantic. Crustaceana, 19(1): 59-66, 4<br />
figures.<br />
1972. The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin<br />
Caribbean Expeditions with a summary of the<br />
West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea,<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Natantia). Smithsonian<br />
Contributions to Zoology, 98: x + 179<br />
pages, 61 figures.<br />
1976. Shrimps of the p<strong>as</strong>iphaeid genus Leptochela<br />
with descriptions of three new species<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Caridea). Smithsonian<br />
Contributions to Zoology, 222: 1-51.<br />
1984. The Caridean shrimps (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>) of<br />
the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-<br />
1910, Part 2: Families Glyphocrangonidae and<br />
Crangonidae. Smithsonian Contribution to<br />
Zoology, 397: iv + 63 pages, 24 figures.<br />
1985. The Caridean shrimps (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>) of<br />
the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-<br />
1910, Part 3: Families Thal<strong>as</strong>socarididae and<br />
Pandalidae. Smithsonian Contributions to<br />
Zoology, 411: iv + 145 pages, 62 figures.<br />
1986. The caridian shrimps (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>) of<br />
the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-<br />
1910, Part 4: Families Oplophoridae and<br />
Nematocarcinidae. Smithsonian Contributions<br />
to Zoology, in press.<br />
Chace, F. A., Jr. and D. E. Brown.<br />
1978. A new polychelate shrimp from the Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia and its bearing on the<br />
family Bresiliidae (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>:<br />
Caridea). Proceedings of the Biological<br />
Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 91(3): 756-766.<br />
Chace, F. A., Jr. and H. H. Hobbs Jr.<br />
1969. The freshwater and terrestrial decapod<br />
crustaceans of the West Indies with special<br />
reference to Dominica. Bredin-Archbold-<br />
Smithsonian Biological Survey of Dominica.<br />
United States National Museum Bulletin,<br />
292: v + 258 pages, plates 1-5.<br />
Literature Cited 733<br />
Christof'fersen, M. L.<br />
1979. Decapod Crustacea: Alpheoida. Rgsuliats<br />
Scientifiques des Campagnes de la Calypso,<br />
F<strong>as</strong>cicule 11. Campagne de la Calypso au<br />
<strong>large</strong> des Cotes Atiantiques de 1'Amerique du<br />
Sud (1961-1962). I. Number 36. Annales de<br />
I'lnstitut Ocianographique, new series 55,<br />
f<strong>as</strong>cicule supplement: 297-377.<br />
Christoffersen, M. L.<br />
1984. The western Atlantic snapping shrimps related<br />
to Alpheus heterochaelis Say (Crustacea,<br />
Caridea), with the description of a new species.<br />
Papiis Avulsos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo,<br />
35(19): 189-208, 7 figures.<br />
Cobb, S. P.<br />
1971. A new species of Sicyonia (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Penaeidae) from the Western Atlantic with<br />
notes on S. stimpsoni Bouvier. Crustaceana,<br />
20(1): 104-111.<br />
1973. Fabia tellinae, a new species of commensal<br />
crab (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Pinnotheridae) from the<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico. Crustaceana, 25:<br />
70-74.<br />
Cobb, S. P., C. R. Futch, and D. K. Camp.<br />
1973. The rock shrimp, Sicyonia brevirostris<br />
Stimpson, 1871 (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Penaeidae).<br />
Memoirs of the Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s Cruises, 3(1): 1-38.<br />
Coelho, P. A.<br />
1964. Alguns crustaceos decapodos novos para<br />
Pernambuco e Estados vizinhos na Colecao<br />
Carcinoldgica do Institute) Oceanografico da<br />
Universidade do Recife. Ciencia e Cultura<br />
16(2): 255-256.<br />
1966. Distribuicao dos Crustaceos decapodos na area<br />
de Barra d<strong>as</strong> Jangad<strong>as</strong>. Trabalhos Instituto<br />
Oceanogrdficos, Universidade Recife, Brazil,<br />
5/6(for 1963-64): 159-173.<br />
1970. Estuarios e lugun<strong>as</strong> do Nordeste. Pages 49-60,<br />
in J. V<strong>as</strong>concelos Sobrinho. As regioes<br />
naturais do Nordests, o meio e a civilizacao.<br />
Recife, Conselho do Desenvolvimento de<br />
Pernambuco, 1970.<br />
Coelho, P. A., and M. A. Ramos.<br />
1972. A constituicao e a distribucao de fauna de<br />
decapodos do litoral leste da America do Sul<br />
entre <strong>as</strong> lattitudes de 5 degrees NE 39 degrees<br />
S. Trabalhos do Instituto Oceanograficos<br />
Universidad Federal, da Pernambuco Recife,<br />
13: 133-236.<br />
Cooley, N. R.<br />
1978. An inventory of the estuarine fauna in the
734 Literature Cited<br />
vicinity of Pensacola Florida. Florida<br />
Marine Research Publications, 31: 1-119.<br />
Coues, E.<br />
1871. Notes on the natural history of Fort Macon,<br />
N. C, and vicinity. (No. 2). Proceedings of<br />
the Academy of Natural Sciences of<br />
Philadelphia, 23(1): 120-148.<br />
Coutiere, H.<br />
1909. The American species of snapping shrimps<br />
of the Synalpheus. Proceedings of the<br />
United States National Museum, 36: 1-93.<br />
1910. The snapping shrimps (Alpheidae) of the<br />
Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida. Proceedings of<br />
United States National Museum,<br />
37(1716): 485-487, 3 figures.<br />
Crane, J.<br />
1975. Fiddler crabs of the world. Ocypodidae:<br />
genus Uca. Princeton University Press,<br />
Princeton, N. J.,: xxiv + 736 pages, 50<br />
plates, 21 Maps.<br />
Criales, M. M.<br />
1980. Commensal caridean shrimps of Octocorallia<br />
and Antipatharia in Curacao and Bonaire<br />
with description of a new species of<br />
Neopontonides. Studies of the fauna of<br />
Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 61:68-85.<br />
Crosnier, A., and J. Forest.<br />
1966. Crustaces Decapodes: Alpheidae. Part 19 In<br />
Campagne de la Calypso dans le Golfe de<br />
Guinee et aux lies Principe, Sao Tome" et<br />
Annobon (1956), et Campagne aux lies du<br />
Cap Vert (1959). F<strong>as</strong>cicle 7, volume 27, In<br />
Resultats scientifiques des Campagnes de la<br />
"Calypso". Annates de I'Institut<br />
Oce"anographique, Monaco, 44: 199-314; 33<br />
figures.<br />
1973. Les crevettes profondes de L'Atlantique<br />
oriental tropical. Faune Tropicale (O. R. S.<br />
T. M.), 19: 409 pages, 121 figures.<br />
Dana, J. D.<br />
1852. Crustacea. In United States Exploring<br />
Expedition during the years 1838,1839,<br />
1840,1841,1842...under the command of<br />
Charles Wilkes, U. S. N, 13(1): 1-1618.<br />
685 plates.<br />
1855 Crustacea. In United States Exploring<br />
Expedition during the years 1838, 1839,<br />
1840, 1841,1842...under the command of<br />
Charles Wilkes, U. S. N, 13: Atl<strong>as</strong>, 1-27,<br />
pis. 1-96.<br />
Dardeau, M. R.<br />
1984. Synalpheus shrimps (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>:<br />
Alpheidae). I. the Gambarelloides group, with a<br />
description of a new species. Memoirs of the<br />
Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s Cruises, 7(2): 1-125, 54 figures.<br />
1986. Redescription of Synalpheus scaphoceris<br />
Coutiere, 1910 (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Alpheidae) with new<br />
records from the Gulf of Mexico. Journal of<br />
Crustacean Biology 6:491-496.<br />
Dardeau, M. R., D. L. Adkison, J. K. Shaw<br />
and T. S. Hopkins.<br />
1980. Notes on the distribution of four caridean<br />
shrimps (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>) in the<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico. Florida Scientist,<br />
43(1): 54-57.<br />
Dardeau, M. R., and R. W. Heard.<br />
1983. Crangonid shrimps (Crustacea: Caridea), with a<br />
description of a new species of Pontocaris.<br />
Memoirs of the Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s Cruises, 6(2): 1-39,<br />
20 figures.<br />
Dawson, C. E.<br />
1967 a. Notice of the occurrence of the alpheid shrimp<br />
Leptalpheus forceps Williams in the northern<br />
Gulf of Mexico. Crustaceana, 12(2): 224.<br />
1967 b. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa latispina (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea), a<br />
new mud shrimp from the northern Gulf of<br />
Mexico. Crustaceana, 13(2): 190-196, 1<br />
figure.<br />
Dekay, J. E.<br />
1844. Zoology of New-York, or the New-York fauna;<br />
comprising detailed descriptions of all the<br />
animals hitherto observed within the state of<br />
New York, with brief notices of those<br />
occ<strong>as</strong>ionally found near its borders, and<br />
accompanied by appropriate illustrations.<br />
Crustacea, 6:1-70, plates 1-13. Carroll and<br />
Cook, Albany.<br />
Edmondson, C. H.<br />
1962. Xanthidae of Hawaii. Occ<strong>as</strong>ional Papers of<br />
Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii,<br />
22(13): 215-309.<br />
Eflord, I. E.<br />
1971. The species of sand crabs in the genus Lepidopa<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Albuneidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger<br />
(Leipzig), 186(1,2): 59- 102.<br />
1976. Distribution of the sand crabs in the genus<br />
Emerita (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Hippidae). Crustaceana,<br />
30(2): 169-183.<br />
Fausto-Filho, J.<br />
1975. Quinta contribuicao ao inventario dos crustaceos
decapodos marinhos do nordeste Br<strong>as</strong>ileiro.<br />
Arquivos de Cienci<strong>as</strong> do Mar, 15(2): 79-84.<br />
Felder, D. L.<br />
1973. An annotated key to crabs and lobsters<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Reptantia) from co<strong>as</strong>tal waters of<br />
the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Center for<br />
Wetland Resources, Louisiana State University<br />
Sea Grant Publication, LSU-SG-73-02: 1-<br />
103, 12 plates.<br />
Felder, D. L., and A. H. Chaney.<br />
1979. Decapod crustacean fauna of seven and <strong>one</strong>-half<br />
Fathom Reef, Tex<strong>as</strong>: species composition,<br />
abundance, and species diversity.<br />
Contributions in Marine Science, 22: 1-29.<br />
Felder, D. L., and R. B. Manning.<br />
1986. A new genus and two new species of alpheid<br />
shrimps (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Caridea) from south<br />
Florida. Journal of Crustacean Biology 6: 497-<br />
508.<br />
Felder, D. L., and N. N. Rabalais.<br />
1986. The genera Ch<strong>as</strong>mocarcinus Rathbun and<br />
Speocarcinus Stimpson on the continental<br />
shelf of the Gulf of Mexico, with descriptions<br />
of two new species (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Brachyura:<br />
G<strong>one</strong>placidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology<br />
6:547-575.<br />
Fennucci, J. L.<br />
1975. Los cangrejos de la Familia Pinnotheridae del<br />
literal Argentino (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Brachyura). Physis, section A, 34(88):<br />
165-184.<br />
Fontaine, B.<br />
1977. Note sur la presence d'une crevette tropicale et<br />
de l'un de ses stades post-larvaires dans<br />
l'Atlantique du nord-ouest. Revue des Travaux<br />
de I'Institut des Piches Maritimes, 41(3): 309-<br />
314.<br />
Forest, J.<br />
1954. Sur un Pagure littoral nouveau de la<br />
Martinique, Paguristes cadenati sp. n. Bulletin<br />
du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle,<br />
Paris. (2)26(3): 353-357, 3 figures.<br />
1974. Les dromies de l'Atlantique Oriental.<br />
Description de Sternodromia gen. nov. et de<br />
deux especies nouvelles du genre Dromia<br />
Weber (Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> Dromiidae).<br />
Annales de I'Institut Ocdanographique, new<br />
series, 50(1): 71-123, 8 plates.<br />
Literature Cited 735<br />
Forest, J., and M. De Saint Laurent.<br />
1967. Campagne de la Calypso au <strong>large</strong> des cotes<br />
Atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961-1962).<br />
6. Crustaces- Decapodes: Pagurides. Annales<br />
de I'Institut Ocfanographique, 45(2): 47-16'),<br />
150 figures, 1 plate.<br />
Forest, J., and D. Guinot.<br />
1961. Crustaces Decapodes Brachyoures de Tahiti et<br />
des Tuamotu. Expedition Francaise sur les<br />
Recifs Coralliens de la Nouvelle-Caledonie.<br />
Editions de la Fondation Singer-Polignac,<br />
Paris, 1: ix + 195 pages, 18 plates.<br />
Franks, J. S., J. Y. Christm<strong>as</strong>, W. L. Siler,<br />
R. Combs, R. Waller, and C. Burns.<br />
1972. A study of nektonic and benthic faun<strong>as</strong> of the<br />
shallow Gulf of Mexico off the state of<br />
Mississippi <strong>as</strong> related to some physical,<br />
chemical and geological factors. Gulf<br />
Research Report, 4(1): iv + 148 pages.<br />
Frost, N.<br />
1936. II. Decapod larvae from Newfoundland waters.<br />
Newfoundland Department of Natural<br />
Resources, Division of Fishery Research.<br />
Reports: Faunistic Series No. 1. Research<br />
Bulletin, 3: 11-24.<br />
Garcia-Gomez, J.<br />
1982. The Provenzanoi group of hermit crabs<br />
(Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>, Paguridae) in the<br />
Western Atlantic Part I. Pagurus<br />
maclaughlinae, a new species. Bulletin of<br />
Marine Science, 32(3): 647-655, 2 figures.<br />
1983. Revision of Iridopagurus (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>:<br />
Paguridae) with the descriptions of new species<br />
from American waters. Bulletin of Marine<br />
Science, 33(1): 10-54, 6 figures.<br />
Garth, J. S.<br />
1958. Brachyura of the Pacific co<strong>as</strong>t of America<br />
Oxyrhyncha. Allan Hancock Pacific<br />
Expeditions, 21(2): 501-854.<br />
Gibbes, L. R.<br />
1850. On the carcinological collections of the U.S.,<br />
and an enumeration of species contained in<br />
them, with notes on the most remarkable, and<br />
descriptons of new species. Proceedings of the<br />
American Association, 3: 165-201.<br />
Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, S. A.<br />
1937. Pinnixa lunzi a new commensal crab from<br />
South Carolina. The Charleston Museum<br />
Leaflet, 9: 3-8.
736 Literature Cited<br />
1945. Four new species of North American crabs<br />
of the genus Petrolisthes. Journal of the<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington Academy of Science, 35(7):<br />
223-229, 2 figures.<br />
Goeke, G. D.<br />
1980. Range extensions of six western Atlantic<br />
frog crabs (Brachyura: Gymnopleura:<br />
Raninidae) with notes on the taxonomic<br />
status of Lyreidus bairdii. Proceedings of<br />
the Biological Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington,<br />
93(1): 145-152.<br />
Goeke, G. D., and J. K. Shaw.<br />
1980. On the occurrence of Sphenocarcinus<br />
corrosus Milne-Edwards (Brachyura: Majidae)<br />
in the Gulf of Mexico. Northe<strong>as</strong>t Gulf<br />
Science, 4(1): 64-67.<br />
Gomes Correa, M. M.<br />
1968. Sobre <strong>as</strong> especies de "Upogebia" Leach do<br />
literal Br<strong>as</strong>iliero, com descricao de uma<br />
esp6cie nova (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae).<br />
Revista Br<strong>as</strong>ileira de Biologia, 28(2): 97-109.<br />
Gordon, I.<br />
1936. On the Macruran genus Rhynchocinetes,<br />
with description of a new species.<br />
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of<br />
London, 1936: 75- 78, 7 figs.<br />
Gore, R. H.<br />
1970. Pachycheles cristobalensis, sp. nov., with<br />
notes on the porcellanid crabs of the<br />
southwestern Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine<br />
Science, 20(4): 957-970.<br />
1974. On a small collection of porcellanid crabs<br />
from the Caribbean Sea (Crustacea,<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Anomura). Bulletin of Marine<br />
Science, 24(3): 700-721.<br />
1977. Studies on decapod Crustacea from the Indian<br />
River region of Florida. VI. the identity of<br />
Parthenope (Platylambrus) serrata (H. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1834) and Parthenope<br />
(Platylambrus) granulata (Kingsley, 1879).<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 90(3): 505-531.<br />
1979. Larval development of Galathea rostrata<br />
under laboratory conditions, with a<br />
discussion of larval development in the<br />
Galatheidae (Crustacea, Anomura). Fishery<br />
Bulletin, 76(4): 781-806.<br />
1981. Three new shrimps, and some interesting<br />
new records of decapod Crustacea from a deepwater<br />
coral reef in the Florida Keys.<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 94(1): 135-162, 5 figures.<br />
Gore, R. H., and L. G. Abele.<br />
1976. Shallow water porcelain crabs from the Pacific<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama and adjacent Caribbean waters<br />
(Crustacea: Anomura: Porcellanidae).<br />
Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 237: 1-<br />
30.<br />
Gore, R. H., and L. E. Scotto.<br />
1979. Crabs of the family Parthenopidae (Crustacea:<br />
Brachyura: Oxyrhyncha) with notes on<br />
specimens from the Indian River region of<br />
Florida. Memoirs of the Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s Cruises,<br />
3(6): 1-98.<br />
Gore, R. H., C. L. Van Dover and J. R. Factor<br />
1981. Studies on decapod Crustacea from the Indian<br />
River Region of Florida. XVIII. Rediscovery of<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) pandionis Holthuis,<br />
1951 (Caridea, Palaemonidae) with notes on the<br />
males and zoeal stages. Crustaceana, 40(3):<br />
253-265, figs. 1-4.<br />
Gore, R. H., and K. A. Wilson.<br />
1978. Studies on decapod Crustacea from the Indian<br />
River region of Florida. X. A first continental<br />
record for Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanticus Gurney, 1939<br />
(Caridea, Disciadidae). Crustaceana, 35(1): 109-<br />
111.<br />
Gruvel, A.<br />
1911. Contribution a l'etude generale systematique et<br />
economique des Palinuridae. Mission Gruvel sur<br />
la cote occidentale d'Afrique (1909-1910).<br />
Resultats scientifiques et economiques. Annates<br />
de I'Institut Ocdanographique, Monaco, 3(4): 5-<br />
56, text-figs. 1-22, Plates 1-6.<br />
Guinot, D.<br />
1967. Recherches pnSliminaires sur les groupements<br />
naturels chez les Crustaces Decapodes<br />
Brachyoures. III. A propos des affinites des<br />
genres Dairoides Stebbing et Daira de Haan.<br />
Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire<br />
Naturelle, Paris, (2)39: 540-563.<br />
1968. Recherches pnSliminaires sur les groupements<br />
naturels chez les Crustaces D'ecapodes<br />
Brachyoures .VI. les carpilinae. Bulletin du<br />
Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris,<br />
2(40): 320-334.<br />
1969. Recherches pnSliminaires sur les groupements<br />
naturels chez les Crustaces D'ecapodes<br />
Brachyoures VII. les G<strong>one</strong>placidae (suite et tin).<br />
Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire<br />
Naturelle, Paris, 2(41): 648-724.<br />
1984. Decouverte d'un nouveau genre de crabe dans le<br />
Golfe du Mecique, Sotoplax robertsi gen. nov.,
sp. nov. (Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> Brachyura).<br />
Anales del Institute de Cienci<strong>as</strong> del Mar y<br />
Limnologia, Universidad National Autdnoma<br />
de Mdxico, ll(l):91-98, 3 figures, plate 1.<br />
Gurney, R.<br />
1936. Notes on some decapod Crustacea of Bermuda,<br />
in. The larvae of the Palaemonidae.<br />
(Anchistioides, Periclimenes, Mesocaris). IV.<br />
A description of Processa bermudensis,<br />
Rankin, and its larva. V. The first zoea of<br />
Heteractaea ceratopus (Stimpson). Proceedings<br />
of the Zoological Society of London for 1936:<br />
619-630.<br />
Haefner, P. A. J.<br />
1979. Comparative review of the biology of North<br />
Atlantic Caridean shrimps {Crangon}, with<br />
emph<strong>as</strong>is on C. septemspinosa. Bulletin of the<br />
Biological Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 3: 1-40.<br />
Haig, J.<br />
1956. The Galatheidae (Crustacea Anomura) of the<br />
Allan Hancock Expedition with a review of the<br />
Porcellanidae of the Western Atlantic. Allan<br />
Hancock Atlantic Expedition, 8: 1-44, plate 1.<br />
1960. The Porcellanidae (Crustacea Anomura) of the<br />
e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific. Allan Hancock Pacific<br />
Expeditions 24: 1-440, 41 plates.<br />
1974. A review of the Australian crabs of family<br />
Hippidae (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>, Anomura).<br />
Memoirs of the Queensland Museum,<br />
17(1): 175-89, 5 figures, plate 6.<br />
Hansen, H. J.<br />
1919. The Sergestidae of the Siboga Expedition.<br />
Siboga Monographic, 38: 1-65, plates 1-5.<br />
1922. CrustacSs Decapodes (Sergeslides) provenant<br />
des Campagnes des yachts Hirondelle et<br />
Princess-Alice (1885-1915). Risultats des<br />
Campagnes Scientifiques, Monaco, 64:1-232,<br />
11 plates.<br />
Hay, W. P.<br />
1917. Preliminary description of five new species of<br />
crustaceans from the co<strong>as</strong>t of North Carolina.<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 30: 71-74.<br />
Hay, W. P., and C. A. Shore.<br />
1918. The decapod crsutaceans of Beaufort, N. C,<br />
and the surrounding region. Bulletin of the<br />
United States Bureau of Fisheries, 35: 369-<br />
475, plates 25-39.<br />
Hay<strong>as</strong>hi, K. I.<br />
1975. Hippolysmata grabhami Gordon, a synonym of<br />
Literature Cited 737<br />
Lysmata amboinensis (De Man) (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Caridea, Hippolytidae). Publications of the<br />
Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 22(5):<br />
285-296, figures 1-4, plate 5.<br />
Hazlett, B. A.<br />
1966. Social behaviour of the Paguridae and<br />
Diogenidae of Curacao. Studies on the Fauna<br />
of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands. Vol.<br />
23, No. 88 In Uitgaven van de<br />
Natuurwetenchappelijke Studiekring voor<br />
Suriname en de Nederlandse Anlillen, 45: 1-<br />
143.<br />
Heard, R. W.<br />
1986. Pontoniine shrimps (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Caridea:<br />
Palaemonidae) of the northwest Atlantic. I.<br />
The genus Neopontonides Holthuis, 1951,<br />
with the description of N. Chacei, new species,<br />
and the erection of Pseudopontonides, new<br />
genus, to receive N. principis Criales, 1980.<br />
Journal of Crustacean Biology 6:471-484.<br />
1982. Guide to common tidal marsh invertebrates of<br />
the northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi-<br />
Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, MASGP-79-<br />
004, 82 pages.<br />
Hedgpeth, J. W.<br />
1949. The North American species of<br />
Macrobrachium (river shrimp). The Tex<strong>as</strong><br />
Journal of Science, 1(3): 28-38.<br />
1950. Notes on the Marine invertebrate fauna of Salt<br />
Flat are<strong>as</strong> in Arans<strong>as</strong> National Wildlife<br />
Refuge, Tex<strong>as</strong>. Publications of the Institute<br />
of Marine Science, 1(2): 103-119.<br />
Henderson, J. R.<br />
1885. Diagnoses of the new species of Galatheidea<br />
collected during the "Challenger" Expedition.<br />
Annals and Magazine of Natural History,<br />
(5)16(96): 407-421.<br />
1888. Report on the Anomura collected by H. M. S.<br />
Challenger during the years 1873-76. Report<br />
on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.<br />
M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873-76,<br />
Zoology 27(69): i-xi, 1-221, 21 plates.<br />
Hendrix, G. Y.<br />
1971. A systematic study of the genus Alpheus<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Alpheidae) in south<br />
Florida. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of<br />
Miami, Coral Gables, Florida: i-vi, 1-184, 24<br />
plates.<br />
Hendrix, G. Y., and R. H. Gore.<br />
1973. Studies on decapod Crustacea from the Indian
738 Literature Cited<br />
River region Florida. I. Alpheus thom<strong>as</strong>i,<br />
new species, a new snapping shrimp from<br />
the subtropical e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Caridea). Proceedings<br />
of the Biological Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington,<br />
86(35): 413-422, 3 figures.<br />
Herbst, G. N., A. B. Williams and B. B.<br />
Boothe, Jr.<br />
1979. Re<strong>as</strong>sessment of northern geographic limits<br />
for decapod crustacean species in the<br />
Carolinian Province, USA; some major<br />
range extensions itemized. Proceedings of<br />
the Biological Society, W<strong>as</strong>hington, 91(4):<br />
989-998.<br />
Hernandez, Aguilera, J. L.<br />
1982. Pseudorhombila guinotae un nuevo crustaceo<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, G<strong>one</strong>placidae) en la costa Este de<br />
Mexico. Investigaci<strong>one</strong>s Oceanografic<strong>as</strong> B.<br />
(Biologia Marina), 1(4): 1-16, figs. 1-6<br />
[Published by the Direccion General de<br />
Oceanografia de la Secretaria de Marina,<br />
Mexico, D. F. ].<br />
Hobbs, H. H. Jr., and W. H. M<strong>as</strong>smann.<br />
1952. The river shrimp Macrobrachiwn ohi<strong>one</strong><br />
(Smith), in Virginia. The Virginia Journal<br />
of Science, new series, 3(3): 206-207.<br />
Holland, A. F., and T. T. Polgar.<br />
1976. Se<strong>as</strong>onal changes in the structure of an<br />
intertidal community. Marine Biology,<br />
37(4): 341-348.<br />
Holthuis, L. B.<br />
1946. The <strong>Decapoda</strong> Macrura of the Snellius<br />
Expedition. I. The Stenopodidae,<br />
Nephropsidae, Scyllaridae and Palinuridae.<br />
Biological results of the Snellius<br />
Expedition. XIV. Temminckia, 7: 1-178,<br />
11 plates.<br />
1949a. Note on the species of Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes<br />
(Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong>) found in the United<br />
States of America. Proceedings Koninklijke<br />
Nederlandische Akademie van<br />
Wetenschappen 52(1): 87- 95, 2 figures.<br />
1949b. The Caridean Crustacea of the Canary<br />
Islands. Zoologische Mededelingen<br />
Uilgegcven door hel Rijksmuseum van<br />
Naluurlijke Histoire te Leiden, 30(15): 227-<br />
235, 8 figures.<br />
1951a. The caridean Crustacea of tropical West<br />
Africa. Atlantide-Reportx (2): 7-188.<br />
1951b. A general revision of the Palaemonidae<br />
(Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> Natantia) of the<br />
Americ<strong>as</strong>. I. The subfamilies Euryrhynchinae<br />
and Pontoniinae. Allan Hancock Foundation<br />
Publications, Occ<strong>as</strong>ional Papers, (11): 1-332,<br />
63 plates.<br />
1952. A general revision of the Palaemonidae<br />
(Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> Natantia) of the Americ<strong>as</strong>.<br />
II. The subfamily Palaemoninae. Allan Hancock<br />
Foundation Publications, Occ<strong>as</strong>ional Papers,<br />
(12): 1-396, 55 plates.<br />
1955. The recent genera of the Caridean and<br />
Stenopodidean shrimps (Cl<strong>as</strong>s Crustacea, order<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Supersection Natantia) with Keys for<br />
their determination. Zoologische<br />
Verhandelingen, 26: 1-157, 105 figures.<br />
1956. Three species of Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> Macrura<br />
from southern Brazil, including a new species of<br />
Upogebia. Zoologische Mededelingen, 34(11):<br />
173-181.<br />
1958. West Indian crabs of the genus Calappa, with a<br />
description of three new species. Studies on the<br />
Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands,<br />
8(7). In Uitgaven van de<br />
Natuurwetenchappelijke Studiekring voor<br />
Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen, 17: 146-<br />
186.<br />
1959. The Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> of Suriname (Dutch<br />
Guiana). Zoologische Verhandelingen<br />
Rijksmuseum Van Natuurlijke Histoire, Leiden,<br />
(44): 1-296, plates 1-16.<br />
1960. Notes on American Albuneidae (Crustacea<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Anomura) with the description of a<br />
new genus and species. Proceedings Koninklijke<br />
Nederlandsche Akademie Van Wetenschappen,<br />
Amsterdam, (C)64(l): 21-36.<br />
1961. A new species of Merhippolyte (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Natantia) from e<strong>as</strong>t American waters.<br />
Crustaceana, 2(1): 1-5.<br />
1969. Portunus binoculus, n. sp., a new deep-water<br />
swimming crab from the Caribbean region<br />
(Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>, Brachyura). Bulletin of<br />
Marine Science, 19(2): 409-427.<br />
1971. The Atlantic shrimps of the deep-sea genus<br />
Glyphocrangon A. Milne Edwards, 1881.<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science, 21(1): 267-373, 15<br />
figures.<br />
1974. The lobsters of the superfamily Nephropidea of<br />
the Atlantic Ocean (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>).<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science, 24(4): 723-884.<br />
1979. Panopeus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 (Crustacea,<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>) proposed designation of type-species<br />
under the plenary powers. Z. N. (S.) 2236.<br />
Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 36(3):<br />
158-160.<br />
1878-79. List of decapod Crustacea of the Atlantic c<br />
o<strong>as</strong>t, whose range embraces Fort Macon. Proceedi<br />
ngs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of
Meneville, 1856. Zoologische Mededelingen,<br />
55(4): 47-58, 2 figures.<br />
1980b. Shrimps and prawn of the world. An annotated<br />
catalogue of species of interest to fisheries.<br />
FAO Species Catalogue, 1(125): 1-271.<br />
1985. A revision of the family Scyllaridae (Crustacea<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong> Macrura). I. Subfamily Ibacinae.<br />
Zoologische Verhandelingen uitgegeven door<br />
het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie te<br />
Leiden, 218: 1-130, figs. 1-27.<br />
Hopkins, T. S., D. R. Blizzard, S. A. Brawley,<br />
S. A. Earle, D. E. Grimm, D. K. Gilbert,<br />
P. G. Johnson, E. H. Livingston, C. H.<br />
Lutz, J. K. Shaw, and B. B. Shaw.<br />
1977. A preliminary characterization of the biotic<br />
comp<strong>one</strong>nts of composite strip transects on the<br />
Florida Middlegrounds, northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />
Mexico. Proceedings, Third International<br />
Coral Symposium, May, 1977x:31-37.<br />
Huff, J. A., and S. P. Cobb.<br />
1979. Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps (Crustacea:<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>). Memoirs of the Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s<br />
Cruises, 5(4): 1-102, 46 figures.<br />
Hullings, N. C.<br />
1961. The barnacle and decapod fauna from the<br />
nearshore area of Panama City, Florida.<br />
Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of<br />
Science, 24(3): 215-222.<br />
Ives, J. E.<br />
1891. Crustacea from the northern co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan,<br />
the harbor of Vera Cruz, the west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />
Florida and the Bermuda Islands. Proceedings<br />
of the Academy of Natural Sciences of<br />
Philadelphia, 43: 176- 207, plates 5-6.<br />
Kellogg, C. W.<br />
1971. The role of g<strong>as</strong>tropod shells in determining the<br />
patterns of distribution and abundance in<br />
hermit crabs. Ph. D. dissertation, Duke<br />
University, Durham, North Carolina: xv +<br />
210 pages.<br />
Kensley, B.<br />
1971. The family Sergestidae in the waters around<br />
southern Africa (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Natantia). Annals of the South African<br />
Museum, 57(10): 215-264, 24 figures.<br />
1972. Shrimps and prawns of southern Africa. South<br />
African Museum: 1-65.<br />
1981. Notes on Axiopsis (Axiopsis) serratifrons (A.<br />
Milne Edwards) (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>:<br />
Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea). Proceedings of the Biological<br />
Literature Cited 739<br />
Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 93(4): 1253-1263,<br />
figs. 1-5.<br />
1983. New records of bresiliid shrimp from<br />
Australia, South Africa, Caribbean, and Gulf<br />
of Mexico (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Natantia: Caridea).<br />
Smithsonian Contributions to Zooology,<br />
394: 1-31.<br />
Kensley, B., and R. H. Gore.<br />
1981. Coralaxius abelei, new genus and new species<br />
(Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea: Axiidae):<br />
a coral-inhabiting shrimp from the Florida<br />
Keys and the Western Caribbean Sea.<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 93(4): 1277-1294, 6 figures.<br />
Kingsley, J. S.<br />
1878-79. List of decapod Crustacea of the Atlantic<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t, whose range embraces Fort Macon.<br />
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural<br />
Sciences of Philadelphia, 30: 316-330 [pages<br />
316-328 published Nov. 9, 1878, pages 329-<br />
330 published Jan. 7, 1879].<br />
1878. Notes on the North American Caridea in the<br />
museum of the Peabody Academy of Science<br />
at Salem, M<strong>as</strong>s. Proceedings of the Academy<br />
of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 30: 89-98.<br />
1880. On a collecton of Crustacea from Virginia,<br />
North Carolina, and Florida, with a revision of<br />
the genera of Crangonidae and Palaemonidae.<br />
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural<br />
Sciences of Philadelphia, 31(1879): 383-<br />
427, plate 14.<br />
Knowlton, R. E.<br />
1973. Occurrence of the gl<strong>as</strong>s shrimp, Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes<br />
pugio in southern Maine. Maine Nature,<br />
March, page 3.<br />
Kruczynski, W. L., and C. E. Jenner.<br />
1969. Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811) (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Natantia, Stenopodidea), a northern record on<br />
the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of U. S. A. Crustaceana,<br />
16(1): 105-106.<br />
Lemaitre, R.<br />
1982. The Provenzanoi group of hermit crabs<br />
(Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>, Paguridae) in the<br />
Western Atlantic Part II. Pagurus<br />
gymnodactylus, a new species from the Gulf<br />
of Mexico and a comparison with Pagurus<br />
annulipes (Stimpson). Bulletin of Marine<br />
Science, 32(3): 656-663, 5 figures.<br />
Lemaitre, R., P. A. Mclaughlin, and J.<br />
Garcia-Gomez.<br />
1982. The Provenzanoi group of hermit crabs
740 Literature Cited<br />
(Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>, Paguridae) in the<br />
western Atlantic part IV. A review of the<br />
group, with notes on variation and<br />
abnormalities. Bulletin of Marine Science,<br />
32(3): 670-701, 7 figures.<br />
Limbaugh, C, H. Pederson and F. A. Chace Jr.<br />
1961. Shrimps that clean fishes. Bulletin of<br />
Marine Science, 11(2): 237-257.<br />
Linnaeus, C.<br />
1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae,<br />
secundum cl<strong>as</strong>ses, ordines, genera, species<br />
cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis,<br />
locis, ed. 10,1: iii + 824 pages.<br />
Lyons, W. G.<br />
1970. Scyllarid lobsters (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>).<br />
Memoirs of the Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s Cruises, 1(4): 1-<br />
74.<br />
Man, J. G. De.<br />
1925. The <strong>Decapoda</strong> of the Siboga-Expedition. Pt.<br />
VI. The Axiidae of the Siboga-Expedition.<br />
Siboga-Expeditie Monographe, 39a: 1-127,<br />
10 plates.<br />
Manning, R. B.<br />
1961a. Notes on the caridean shrimp,<br />
Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon (Crustacea,<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>), in the Western Atlantic. Notulae<br />
Naturae of the Academy of Natural Sciences<br />
of Philadelphia, (348): 1-7, 2 figures.<br />
1961b. A redescription of the palaemonid shrimp,<br />
Leander paulensis Ortmann, b<strong>as</strong>ed on<br />
material from Florida. Bulletin of Marine<br />
Science of the Gulf and Caribbean 11(4):<br />
525-536, 2 figures.<br />
1963. The e<strong>as</strong>t American species of<br />
Gnathophyllum (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Caridea), with<br />
the description of a new species.<br />
Crustaceana, 5(1): 47-63.<br />
1970. Mithrax (Mithraculus) commensalis, a new<br />
West Indian spider crab (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Majidae)<br />
commensal with a sea anem<strong>one</strong>.<br />
Crustaceana, 19(2): 157-160, plate 1,<br />
figures 1, 2.<br />
1978. Lobsters. 45 pages. In W. Fischer (ed.),<br />
FAO species identification sheets for fishery<br />
purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing<br />
Area 31), 6.<br />
Manning, R. B., and F. A. Chace Jr.<br />
1971. Shrimps of the family Processidae from the<br />
nordiwestem Atlantic Ocean (Crustacea:<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Caridea). Smithsonian<br />
Contributions to Zoology, (89): 1-41.<br />
Manning, R. B., and L. B. Holthuis.<br />
1981. West African brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea:<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>). Smithsonian Contributions to<br />
Zoology, 306: xi + 379 pages.<br />
1984. Geryonfenneri, a new deep-water crab from<br />
Florida (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Geryonidae).<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 97(3): 666-673.<br />
Markham, J. D., and J. J. McDermott.<br />
1981. A tabulation of the Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> of<br />
Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society<br />
of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 83(4): 1266-1276.<br />
Mayo, B. S.<br />
1973. A review of the genus Cancellus (Crustacea:<br />
Diogenidae) with the description of a new species<br />
from the Caribbean Sea. Smithsonian<br />
Contributions to Zoology, 150: iii + 63 pages.<br />
1974. The Systematics and distribution of the deep-sea<br />
genus Munidopsis (Crustacea, Galatheidae) in the<br />
western Atlantic Ocean. PhD. Dissertation at<br />
University of Miami, May 1974: 1-432, 66<br />
figures.<br />
McClendon, J. F.<br />
1911. On adaptations in structure and habits of some<br />
marine animals of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida. Papers<br />
from the Tortug<strong>as</strong> Laboratory Carnegie<br />
Institution of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 3: 57-62, plates 1, 2.<br />
McLaughlin, P. A.<br />
1975. On the identity of Pagurus brevidactylus<br />
(Stimpson) (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Paguridae), with the<br />
description of a new species of Pagurus from the<br />
western Atlantic. Bulletin of Marine Science,<br />
25: 359- 376.<br />
1981a. Revision of Pylopagurus and Tomopagurus<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Paguridae), with the<br />
descriptions of new genera and species part I. ten<br />
new genera of the Paguridae and a redescription<br />
of Tomopagurus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier.<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science, 3(1): 1-30.<br />
1981b. Revision of Pylopagurus and Tomopagurus<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Paguridae), with the<br />
descriptions of new genera and species: part II.<br />
Rhodochirus McLaughlin and Phimochirus<br />
McLaughlin. Bulletin of Marine Science,<br />
31(2): 329-365, 14 figures.<br />
1982. Revision of Pylogagurus and Tomopagurus<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Paguridae), with the<br />
descriptions of new genera and species: Part III,<br />
Agaricochirus McLaughlin, Enallopagurus<br />
McLaughlin, and Enallopaguropsis Mclaughlin.<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science, 32(4): 823-855, 11<br />
figures.
McLaughlin, P. A., and A. J. Provenzano Jr.<br />
1974a. Hermit crabs of the genus Paguristes<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Diogenidae) from the<br />
Western Atlantic Part I. The Paguristes<br />
tortugae complex, with notes on variation.<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science, 24(1): 165-234.<br />
1974b. Hermit crabs of the genus Paguristes<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Diogenidae) from the<br />
Western Atlantic Part II. Descriptions of six<br />
new species. Bulletin of Marine Science,<br />
24(4): 885-938, 18 figures.<br />
Menzies, R. J.<br />
1948. A revision of the brachyuran genus<br />
Lophopanopeus. Allan Hancock Foundation<br />
Publications, Occ<strong>as</strong>ional Paper, (4): 1-45,<br />
plates 1-6.<br />
Milne Edwards, A.<br />
1880. Reports on the results of dredging, under the<br />
supervision of Alexander Ag<strong>as</strong>siz, in the Gulf<br />
of Mexico and in the Caribbean Sea, 1877,<br />
'78, '79 by the United States Co<strong>as</strong>t Survey<br />
Steamer "Blake"...VIIL-fitudes pr61iminaires<br />
sur les Crustaces. Bulletin of the Museum of<br />
Comparative Zoology at Harvard College,<br />
8(1): 1-68, 2 plates.<br />
1881. Description de Quelques Crustaces Macroures<br />
Provenant des Grandes Profondeurs de la Mer<br />
des Antilles. Annales des Sciences Naturelles,<br />
Zoologie, (6)11: 1-16.<br />
1883. Recueil de figures de Crustaces nouveaux ou<br />
peu connus. 3 pages, 44 plates. Paris.<br />
Milne Edwards, A., and E. L. Bouvier.<br />
1893. Reports of the results of dredging under the<br />
supervision of Alexander Ag<strong>as</strong>siz, in the Gulf<br />
of Mexico (1877-78), in the Caribbean Sea<br />
(1878-79), and along the Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States (1880), by the U. S. Co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Survey Steamer "Blake"...XXXIII.<br />
Description des crustaces de la famille des<br />
Paguriens recueillis pendant l'exp&iition.<br />
Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative<br />
Zoology at Harvard College, 14(3): 1-172,<br />
12 plates.<br />
1894. Considerations generates sur la famille des<br />
Galath£ides. Annales des Sciences Naturelles,<br />
Zoologie, (7)16: 191-327.<br />
1897. Reports on the results of dredging under the<br />
supervision of Alexander Ag<strong>as</strong>siz in the Gulf<br />
of Mexico (1877-78) in the Caribbean Sea<br />
(1878-79) and along the Atlantic Co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States (1880) by the U. S. Co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Survey Steamer "Blake"...XXXV. Description<br />
des Crustaces de la famille des Galath&des<br />
Literature Cited 741<br />
recueillis pendant l'exp6dition. Memoirs of<br />
the Museum of Comparative Zoology at<br />
Harvard College, 19(2): 1-141, 12 plates.<br />
1900. CrustacSs Decapodes. Premiere partie.<br />
Brachyures et anomures. In Expeditions<br />
scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman<br />
pendant les anntes 1880,1881,1882,1883.<br />
M<strong>as</strong>son et Cie, ed. Paris : 1-396, 32 plates,<br />
(plates 1-7 colored).<br />
1902. Reports of the results of dredging under the<br />
supervision of Alexander Ag<strong>as</strong>siz, in the Gulf<br />
of Mexico (1877-78), in the Caribbean Sea<br />
(1878-79), and along the Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States (1880), by the U. S. co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Survey Steamer "Blake",... XXXIX. Les<br />
Dromiac6s et Oxystomes. Memoirs of the<br />
Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard<br />
College, 27(1): 1-127, 25 plates.<br />
1909. Reports on the results of dredging under the<br />
supervision of Alexander Ag<strong>as</strong>siz, in the Gulf<br />
of Mexico (1877-78) in the Caribbean Sea<br />
(1878-79), and along the Atlantic Co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States (1880), by the U. S. Co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Survey Steamer "Blake"....XLIV Le Peneides<br />
et Stenopides. Memoirs of the Museum of<br />
Comparative Zoology at Harvard College,<br />
27(3): 179-274, 9 plates.<br />
1923. Reports on the results of dredging under the<br />
supervision of Alexander Ag<strong>as</strong>siz in the Gulf<br />
of Mexico (1877-78) in the Caribbean Sea<br />
(1878-79), and along the Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States (1880), by the U. S. Co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Survey Steamer "Blake"... XLVII. Les<br />
Porcellanides et les Brachyures. Memoirs of<br />
the Museum of Comparative Zoology at<br />
Harvard College, 47(4): 289-395, 12 plates.<br />
Milstein, A., M. Juanico, and J. Olazarri.<br />
1976. Algun<strong>as</strong> <strong>as</strong>ociaci6nes bentonic<strong>as</strong> frente a l<strong>as</strong><br />
cost<strong>as</strong> de Rocha, Uruguay. Resultados de la<br />
campana del R/V "Hero", Viaje 72-3A.<br />
Communicaci<strong>one</strong>s de la Sociedad Malacologica<br />
del Uruguay, 4(30): 143-164.<br />
Milstein, C. B., D. L. Thom<strong>as</strong>, and Associates.<br />
1977. Summary of ecological studies for 1972-1975<br />
in the bays and other waterways near Litde<br />
Egg Inlet and in the ocean in the vicinity of<br />
the proposed site for the Atlantic Generating<br />
Station, New Jersey. Ichthyological<br />
Associates, Inc., Bulletin 18: 1-757.<br />
Monod, T.<br />
1939. Sur quelques Crustaces de la Guadeloupe<br />
(Mission P. Allorge, 1936). Bulletin du<br />
Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, (2)11(6): 557-<br />
568, figs. 1-11.
742 Literature Cited<br />
1956. Hippidea et Brachyura ouest-africains.<br />
M&moires de I'Institut Francais d'Afrique<br />
Noire, 45: 1-674, 884 figures.<br />
Mustek, J. A., and J. D. McEachran.<br />
1972. Autumn and winter occurrence of decapod<br />
crustaceans in Chesapeake Bight, U. S. A.<br />
Crustaceana, 22(2): 190-200.<br />
Norse, E. A.<br />
1978. An experimental gradient analysis:<br />
hyposalinity <strong>as</strong> an "upstress" distributional<br />
determinant of Caribbean portunid crabs.<br />
Biological Bulletin, 155(3): 586-598.<br />
Novak, A., and M. Salmon.<br />
1974. Uca panacea, a new species of fiddler crab<br />
from the gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of the United States.<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 87(28): 313-326.<br />
Ortman, A.<br />
1893. Decapoden und Schizopoden der Plankton-<br />
Expedition. Part 2Gb In Ergebnisse der in<br />
dem Atlantischen Ocean von Mitte Juli bis<br />
Anfang November 1889 ausgefuhrten<br />
Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt-Stiftung,<br />
2(G.b.): 1-120.<br />
Park, J. R.<br />
1978. A study of the distribution and ecology of<br />
the tropical swimming crabs of the western<br />
Atlantic. M<strong>as</strong>ter's Thesis, University of<br />
Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, 88 pages.<br />
Pearse, A. S.<br />
1932. Observations on the par<strong>as</strong>ites and<br />
commensals found <strong>as</strong>sociated with<br />
crustaceans and fishes at Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />
Florida. Papers of the Tortug<strong>as</strong> Laboratory,<br />
Carnegie Institution of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 28:<br />
103- 115.<br />
Pequegnat, L. H.<br />
1970. Deep-sea caridean shrimps with descriptions<br />
of six new species. In W. E. Pequegnat and<br />
F. A. Chace, Jr. (eds.). Tex<strong>as</strong> A & M<br />
University Oceanographic Studies, 1(4).<br />
Contributions on the biology of the Gulf of<br />
Mexico, 59-123 pages.<br />
Pequegnat, L. H., and R. W. Heard.<br />
1979. Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong>, new species of snapping<br />
shrimp from the Gulf of Mexico and Bahama<br />
Islands (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Caridea: Alpheidae).<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science, 29(1): 110-<br />
116.<br />
Pequegnat, L. H., and W. E. Pequegnat.<br />
1970. Deep-sea anomurans of Superfamily Galatheoidea<br />
with descriptions of two new species. In W. E.<br />
Pequegnat and F. A. Chace, Jr. (eds.), Tex<strong>as</strong> A<br />
& M University Oceanographic Studeis, 1(5).<br />
Contributions on the biology of the Gulf of<br />
Mexico, pages 125-170.<br />
Pequegnat, L. H., and J. P. Ray.<br />
1974. Crustacea and other arthropods. Pages 231-288<br />
In Biota of the West Flower Garden Bank by T.<br />
J. Bight and L. H. Pequegnat, (eds.) Gulf<br />
Publishing Co., x+435 pages.<br />
Pequegnat, W. E., L. H. Pequegnat, R. W. Firth<br />
Jr., B. M. James, and T. W. Roberts.<br />
1971. Gulf of Mexico deep-sea fauna, <strong>Decapoda</strong><br />
Euphausiacea. Serial Atl<strong>as</strong> of the Marine<br />
Environment, Folio 20. American Geographical<br />
Society, New York, : 1-12, 7 text-figures,<br />
drawings, 6 plates.<br />
Perez Farfante, I.<br />
1969. Western Atlantic shrimps of the genus Penaeus.<br />
Fishery Bulletin, 67(3): i-x, 461-591.<br />
1971. Western Atlantic shrimps of the genus<br />
Metapenaeopsis (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Penaeidae), with descriptions of three new<br />
species. Smithsonian Contributions to<br />
Zoology, 79: 37 pages.<br />
1977. American solenocerid shrimps of the genera<br />
Hymenopenaeus, Haloporides, Pleoticus,<br />
Hadropenaeus new genus, and Mesopenaeus new<br />
genus. Fishery Bulletin, 75(2): 261-346.<br />
1978. Shrimps and prawns, 46 pages. In W. Fischer<br />
(ed.), FAO species identification sheets for<br />
fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic<br />
(Fishing Area 311, 6.<br />
1980a. A new species of rock shrimp of the genus<br />
Sicyonia (Penaeoidea), with a key to the western<br />
Atlantic species. Proceedings of the Biological<br />
Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 93(3): 771-780.<br />
1980b. Revision of the penaeid shrimp genus<br />
Penaeopsis (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>). Fishery<br />
Bulletin, 77(4): 721-763, 38 figures.<br />
1982. The geminate shrimp species Parapenaeus<br />
longirostris and Parapenaeus politus (Crustacea:<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Penaeoidea). Quaderni del Laboratorio<br />
di Tecnologia Delia Pesca, 3(2-5): 187-206.<br />
Perez Farfante, I., and H. R. BuIIis, Jr.<br />
1973. Western Atlantic Shrimps of the genus<br />
Solenocera with description of a new species<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Penaeidae). Smithsonian<br />
Contributions to Zoology, 153: 33 pages.
Perschbacher, P. W., and F. J. Schwartz.<br />
1979. Recent records of Callinectes danae and<br />
Callinectes marginatus (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Portunidae)<br />
from North Carolina with environmental<br />
notes. Fishery Bulletin, 76(4): 879-880.<br />
Powers, L. W.<br />
1977. A catalogue and bibliography to the crabs<br />
(Brachyura) of the Gulf of Mexico.<br />
Contributions in Marine Science,<br />
supplement to 20: 1-190.<br />
Provenzano, A. J., Jr.<br />
1959. The shallow-water hermit crabs of Florida.<br />
Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and<br />
Caribbean, 9(4): 349-420.<br />
1961. Pagurid crabs (<strong>Decapoda</strong> Anomura) from St.<br />
John, Virgin Islands, with descriptions of three<br />
new species. Crustaceana, 3(2): 151-166.<br />
1963. Pylopagurus discoidalis (A. Milne-Edwards,<br />
1880) (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Anomura) found off North<br />
Carolina (U. S. A.), a northern record of the<br />
genus. Crustaceana, 5(3): 239-240.<br />
1965. Two new west indian hermit crabs of the genus<br />
Paguristes (Crustacea: Diogenidae). Bulletin<br />
of Marine Science, 15(3): 726-736, 4 figures.<br />
Rankin, W. M.<br />
1898. The Northrop collection of Crustacea from the<br />
Baham<strong>as</strong>. Annals of the New York Academy<br />
of Sciences, 11(12): 225-258, plates 29-30.<br />
Rathbun, M. J.<br />
1900. The decapod and stomatopod Crustacea. In<br />
Results of the Branner-Ag<strong>as</strong>siz Expedition to<br />
Brazil. I. Proceedings of the W<strong>as</strong>hington<br />
Academy of Science, 2: 133-156, 1 plate.<br />
1901. The Brachyura and Macrura of Porto Rico.<br />
Bulletin of The United States Fish<br />
Commission for 1900, 20(2): 1-127, 129*-<br />
137*, 2 colored plates.<br />
1918. The grapsoid crabs of America. United States<br />
National Museum Bulletin, 97: xxii + 461<br />
pages, 161 plates.<br />
1920. Stalk-eyed crustaceans of the Dutch West<br />
Indies. In Boeke, Rapport betrejfende een<br />
voorloopig onderzoek naar den toes land van de<br />
visscherij en de Industrie van Zeeproducten in<br />
de Kolonie Curaqao ingevolge het Ministerieel<br />
Belsuit van, 22 November 1904, 2: 317-<br />
348; 5 figures.<br />
1925. The spider crabs of America. United States<br />
National Museum Bulletin, 129, x + 613<br />
pages, 283 plates.<br />
1930. The cancroid crabs of America of the families<br />
Euryalidae, Portunidae, Atelecyclidae,<br />
Literature Cited 743<br />
Cancridae and Xanthidae. United Stales<br />
National Museum Bulletin, 152, i-xvi + 609<br />
pages, 230 plates.<br />
1931. New crabs from the Gulf of Mexico. Journal<br />
of the W<strong>as</strong>hington Academy of Sciences,<br />
21(6): 125-129.<br />
1933. Brachyuran crabs of Porto Rico and the Virgin<br />
Islands. In Scientific Survey of Porto Rico<br />
and the Virgin Islands. New York Academy of<br />
Sciences, 15(1): 1-121.<br />
1937. The oxystomatous and allied crabs of America.<br />
United States National Museum Bulletin,<br />
166,i-vi + 278 pages, 86 plates.<br />
Ray, J. P.<br />
1974. A study of the coral reef Crustaceans<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong> and Stomatopoda) of two Gulf of<br />
Mexico reef systems: West Flower Garden,<br />
Tex<strong>as</strong> and Isla de Lobos, Veracruz, Mexico.<br />
Ph. D. Dissertation, Tex<strong>as</strong> A. & M.<br />
University, College Station, 323 pages.<br />
Rickner, J. A.<br />
1977. Notes on a collection of crabs (Crustacea:<br />
Brachyura) from the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico.<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 90(4): 831-838.<br />
Roberts, T. W., and W. E. Pequegnat.<br />
1970. Deep-water decapod shrimps of the family<br />
Penaeidae. Tex<strong>as</strong> A & M University<br />
Oceanographic Studies 1 (3). In W. E.<br />
Pequegnat and F. A. Chace Jr. (eds.).<br />
Contributions on the Biology of the Gulf of<br />
Mexico, 21-27 pages.<br />
Rodrigues, S. de A.<br />
1965. Ocorrencia de Callian<strong>as</strong>sa major Say no litoral<br />
de Sao Paulo. Ciincia e Cultura, Sao Paulo,<br />
17: 226.<br />
1966. Estudos sobre Callian<strong>as</strong>sa Sistematica,<br />
biologia e anatomia. Doctoral dissertation,<br />
Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil, 168 pages.<br />
1971. Mud shrimps of the genus Callian<strong>as</strong>sa Leach<br />
from the Brazilian co<strong>as</strong>t (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>).<br />
Arquivos de Zoologia Sao Paulo, 20(3): 191-<br />
223.<br />
Rogers, B. G.<br />
1968. An extension of the range of the pinnotherid<br />
crab, Dissodactylus mellitae Rathbun.<br />
Crustaceana, 14(3): 318.<br />
Rouse, W. L.<br />
1970. Littoral Crustacea from southwest Florida.<br />
Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of<br />
Sciences, 32(for 1969)(2): 127-152.
744 Literature Cited<br />
Saint Laurent, M. de., and P. Le Loeuff.<br />
1979. Crustaces Decapodes Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea. I.<br />
Upogebiidae et Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae. RSsultats<br />
Scientifiques des Campagnes de la Calypso,<br />
F<strong>as</strong>cicule 11. Campagnes de la Calypso au<br />
Large des Cotes Atlantiques Africaines (1956<br />
et 1959). Number 22. Annates de Vlnstitut<br />
Oce'anographique, new series 55,<br />
f<strong>as</strong>cicule supplement:29-101.<br />
Saint Laurent-DechancS, M. de.<br />
1966. Iridopagurus, genre nouveau de Paguridae<br />
(Crustaces Decapodes) des mers tropicales<br />
Amencaines. Bulletin Du Museum National<br />
d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, (2)38(2): 151-173.<br />
Salmon, M. and S. P. Atsaides.<br />
1968. Behavioral, morphological and ecological<br />
evidence for two new species of fiddler crabs<br />
(genus Uca) from the Gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States. Proceedings of the Biological<br />
Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 81: 275-290.<br />
Saloman, C. H.<br />
1971. The shrimp Leptalpheus forceps in Old<br />
Tampa Bay, Florida. Quarterly Journal of<br />
the Florida Academy of Science, 34(1):<br />
77.<br />
1979. New records of caridean shrimps (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Caridea) from the nearshore area of Panama<br />
City Beach, Florida, U. S. A. Crustaceana,<br />
supplement 5:147-152.<br />
Sandifer, P. A.<br />
1973. Distribution and abundance of decapod<br />
crustacean larvae in the York River estuary<br />
and adjacent lower Chesapeake Bay,<br />
Virginia, 1968-1969. Chesapeake Science,<br />
14(4): 235-257.<br />
Sandifer, P. A., and W. A. Van Engel.<br />
1972. Larval stages of the spider crab, An<strong>as</strong>imus<br />
latus Rathbun, 1894 (Brachyura, Majidae,<br />
Inachinae) obtained in the laboratory.<br />
Crustaceana, 23(2): 141-151.<br />
Say, T.<br />
1817-18. An account of the Crustacea of the United<br />
States. Journal of the Academy of Natural<br />
Sciences of Philadelphia, 1(1)(1817): 57-<br />
63, 65-80, 97-101,155-169; (2)(1818):<br />
235-253, 313-319, 374-401, 423-444, 445-<br />
458, plate 4.<br />
Schmitt, W. L.<br />
1924a. The macruran, anomuran and stomatopod<br />
Crustacea. In Bijdragen tot de kennis der Fauna<br />
van Curacao. Resultaten eener reis van Dr. C. J.<br />
van der Horst in 1920. Bijdragen Tot de<br />
Dierkunde Uitgegeven door het Koninklijk<br />
Zoologisch Genootschap Natura Artis Maistra te<br />
Amsterdam, 23: 61-81, plate 8.<br />
1924b. Report on the Macrura, Anomura and<br />
Stomatopoda collected by the Barbados-Antigua<br />
Expedition from the University of Iowa in 1918.<br />
University of Iowa Studies in Natural History,<br />
10(4): 65-99, 5 plates.<br />
1930. Some observations on the Crustacea of the<br />
Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida. Yearbook of the Carnegie<br />
Institution of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 29: 343-346.<br />
1931. Some carcinological results of the deeper water<br />
trawlings of the Anton Dohrn, including<br />
description of two new species of Crustacea.<br />
Carnegie Institution Year Book, 30: 389-394.<br />
1933. Four new species of decapod crustaceans from<br />
Porto Rico. American Museum Novitates,<br />
662: 1-9.<br />
1935a. Crustacea Macrura and Anomura of Porto Rico<br />
and the Virgin Islands. Scientific Survey of<br />
Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands^JJew York<br />
Academy of Sciences, 15(2): 125-227.<br />
1935b. Mud shrimps of the Adantic Co<strong>as</strong>t of North<br />
America. Smithsonian Miscellaneous<br />
Collections, 93(2): 1-21, 4 plates.<br />
1939. Decapod and other Crustacea collected on the<br />
presidental cruise of 1938 (with introduction and<br />
station data). Smithsonian Miscellaneous<br />
Collections, 98(6): 1-29, 3 plates.<br />
Schmitt, W. L., J. C. McCain, and E. S.<br />
Davidson.<br />
1973. <strong>Decapoda</strong> I, Brachyura I, Family Pinnotheridae.<br />
In H.-E. Gruner and L. B. Holthuis (eds.),<br />
Crustaceorum Catalogus, 3: 1-160, Dr. W. Junk<br />
B. V.-Den Haag.<br />
Shaw, J. K., R. W. Heard, Jr., and T. S.<br />
Hopkins.<br />
1977. Notes on the biology of the Potoniine shrimp<br />
Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, with a description of<br />
the male. Proceedings of the Biological Society<br />
of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 90(2): 284-290.<br />
Shaw, J. K., and T. S. Hopkins.<br />
1977. The distribution of the family Hapalocarcinidae<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Brachyura) on the Florida Middle<br />
Ground with a description of Pseudocryptochirus<br />
hypostegus new species. Proceedings, Third<br />
International Coral Reef Symposium (University<br />
of Miami), May 1977: 177- 184, 3 figures.
Simon, J. L., and D. M. Dauer.<br />
1977. Reestablishment of a benthic community<br />
following natural defaunation. Pages 139-154<br />
In B. C. Coull (ed.), Ecology of Marine<br />
Benthos. The Belle W. Baruch Library in<br />
Marine Science, 6, University of South<br />
Carolina Press, Columbia, xx + 467 pages.<br />
Siversten, E.<br />
1933. Littoral Crustacea <strong>Decapoda</strong> from the<br />
Galapagos Islands. Part VII In The Norwegian<br />
Zoological Expedition to the Galapagos<br />
Islands, 1925, Conducted by Alf Wollebaek.<br />
Meddelelser fra det Zoologiske Museum, Olso,<br />
38, 23 pages, 1 figure, 4 plates.<br />
Sloane, H.<br />
1725. A voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbadoes,<br />
Nieves, St. Christophers, and Jamaica; with<br />
the natural history of the herbs and trees, fourfooted<br />
be<strong>as</strong>ts, fishes, birds, insects, reptiles,<br />
&c. of the l<strong>as</strong>t of those islands. To which is<br />
prefixed, an introduction, wherein is an account<br />
of the inhabitants, air waters, dise<strong>as</strong>es, trade,<br />
&c. of that place; with some relations<br />
concerning the neighbouring continent, and<br />
islands of America, 2: 8-xviii, 1-499, plates vxi,<br />
157-274.<br />
Smith, S. I.<br />
1873. C.-The metamorphoses of the lobster, and<br />
other Crustacea. Pages 522-537, In A. E.<br />
Verrill, Report upon the invertebrate animals<br />
of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters,<br />
with an account of the physical characters of<br />
the region, pages 295-778, plates 1-38. In<br />
Spencer F. Baird, Report on the condition of<br />
the sea fisheries of the south co<strong>as</strong>t of New<br />
England in 1871 and 1872. Uniteds States<br />
Commission of Fish and Fisheries, 1: XL VII<br />
+ 852.<br />
1881. Preliminary notice of the Crustacea dredged, in<br />
64 to 325 fathoms, off the south co<strong>as</strong>t of New<br />
England, by the United States Fish<br />
Commission in 1880. Proceedings of the<br />
United States National Musuem, 3: 413-452.<br />
1882. XVII. Report on the Crustacea, parti<br />
<strong>Decapoda</strong>. No.l-Reports on the results of<br />
dredging, under the supervision of Alexander<br />
Ag<strong>as</strong>siz, on the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the U. S., during<br />
the summer of 1880, by the U. S. Co<strong>as</strong>t<br />
Survey Steamer "Blake", Commander J. R.<br />
Bartlett, U. S. N., Commanding. Bulletin of<br />
the Museum of Comparative Zoology,<br />
Harvard, 10(1): 1-108, 16 plates.<br />
1883. Preliminary report on the Brachyura and<br />
Literature Cited 745<br />
Anomura dredged in deep water off the south<br />
co<strong>as</strong>t of New England by the United Stales<br />
Fish commission in 1880, 1881, and 1882.<br />
Proceedings of the United States National<br />
Museum, 6(1): 1-57, plates 1-6.<br />
1885. On some new or little known decapod<br />
Crustacea, from recent fish commission<br />
dredgings off the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the United<br />
States. Proceedings of United States National<br />
Museum,!: 493-511.<br />
1886. Report on the decapod Crustacea of the<br />
Albatross dredgings off the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />
United States during the summer and autumn<br />
of 1884. Report of the United States<br />
Commission of Fish and Fisheries 1885: 605-<br />
701, pis. 1-22.<br />
Springer, S., and H. R. Bullis.<br />
1956. Collections by the Oregon in the Gulf of<br />
Mexico. List of crustaceans, mollusks, and<br />
fishes identified from collections made by the<br />
exploratory fishing vessel Oregon in the Gulf<br />
of Mexico and adjacent se<strong>as</strong> 1950 through<br />
1955. United States Fish and Wildlife<br />
Service, Special Report-Fisheries, No. 196,<br />
134 pages.<br />
Squires, H. J.<br />
1965. Decapod crustaceans of Newfoundland, labrador<br />
and the Canadian e<strong>as</strong>tern Arctic. Fisheries<br />
Research of Canada, Manuscript Report Series<br />
(Biological), 810, 212 pages.<br />
Stimpson, W.<br />
1860. Notes on North American Crustacea in the<br />
Museum of the Smithsonian Institute No. II.<br />
Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of<br />
New York, 7: 176-246, plates 2, 5.<br />
1871. Notes on North American Crustacea in the<br />
Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, No.<br />
III. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History<br />
of New York, 10(6): 92-136, [119-163]<br />
(Title page of whole volume bears date 1874,<br />
catalogue of the Royal Society gives 1873).<br />
Tabb, D. C, and R. B. Manning.<br />
1961. A checklist of the flora and fauna of northern<br />
Florida Bay and adjacent brackish waters of the<br />
Florida mainland collected during the period<br />
July, 1957 through September, 1960. Bulletin<br />
of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean,<br />
11(4): 552-649.<br />
Thompson, J. R.<br />
1963. The bathyalbenthic caridean shrimps of the<br />
southwestern North Atlantic. Dissertation,
746 Literature Cited<br />
Department of Zoology in the Graduate<br />
School of Arts and Sciences of Duke<br />
University, 1963: ii-504.<br />
Turkay, M.<br />
1968. Decapoden von den Margarita-Inseln<br />
(Venezuela) (Crustacea). Senckenbergiana<br />
Biologica, 49(3/4): 249-257.<br />
1971. Die Portunidae des Naturhistorischen<br />
Museums Genf, mit einem Anhang uber die<br />
typen von Ovalipes ocellatus floridanus Hay<br />
and Shore 1918 (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>).<br />
Archives des Sciences (Genive), 24(1): 111-<br />
143.<br />
1973. Bemerkungen zu einigen Landkrabben<br />
(Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>). Bulletin du Museum<br />
National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 106:<br />
969-979, Taffies 1-2.<br />
1975. Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Euchirograpsus<br />
mit Bemerkungen zu Brachygrapsus und<br />
Litocheira (Crustacear<strong>Decapoda</strong>).<br />
Senckenbergiana Biologica, 56(1/3): 103-<br />
132.<br />
Van Engle, W. A., and P. A. Sandifer.<br />
1972. Order <strong>Decapoda</strong>. Pages 155-164 In M. L.<br />
W<strong>as</strong>s, et al., A checklist of the biota of<br />
lower Chesapeake Bay. Virginia Institute of<br />
Marine Science, Special Scientific Report,<br />
65, ix + 290 pages.<br />
Verrill, A. E.<br />
1908. VL-Decapod Crustacea of Bermuda; Partl,-<br />
Brachyura and Anomura, distribution,<br />
variations, and habits. Transactions of the<br />
Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences,<br />
13: 299-474, plates 9-28.<br />
1922. Decapod Crustacea of Bermuda Part II-<br />
Macrura. Transactions of the Connecticut<br />
Academy of Arts and Sciences, 26: 1-179,<br />
48 plates.<br />
Villalobos, F. A.<br />
1960. Contribucion al conocimiento de los Atyidae<br />
de Mexico. II. (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>)<br />
estudio de algun<strong>as</strong> especies del genero<br />
Potimirim (=Ortmannia), con description de<br />
una especie nueva en Br<strong>as</strong>il. Anales del<br />
Instituto de Biologia de Mexico, 30: 269-<br />
330.<br />
1969. Problem<strong>as</strong> de especiacion en America de un<br />
grupo de Palaemonidae del genero<br />
Macrobrachium. Proceedings of the World<br />
Scientific Conference on the Biology and<br />
Culture of Shrimps and Prawns, FAO<br />
Fisheries Reports, 57(3): 1055-1066.<br />
Waiting, L., and D. Maurer (eds).<br />
1976. Ecological studies on benthic and planktonic<br />
<strong>as</strong>semblages in lower Delaware Bay. College of<br />
Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Newark,<br />
CMS-RANN-3-76, xviii + 634 pages.<br />
W<strong>as</strong>s, M. L.<br />
1955. The decapod crustaceans of Alligator Harbor and<br />
adjacent inshore are<strong>as</strong> of northwestern Florida.<br />
The Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of<br />
Sciences, 18(3): 129-176.<br />
1963. New species of hermit crabs (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />
Paguridae) from the western Antlantic.<br />
Crustaceana, 6(2): 133-157.<br />
1968. A new pinnixid commensal with a holothurian<br />
(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>). Tulane Studies in<br />
Zoology, 14(4): 137-139.<br />
Wells, H. W., and M. J. Wells.<br />
1961. Observations on Pinnaxodes floridensis, a new<br />
species of pinnotherid crustacean commensal in<br />
holothurians. Bulletin of Marine Science of the<br />
Gulf and Caribbean, 11(2): 267-279.<br />
Wenner, E. L., and T. Read.<br />
1982. Se<strong>as</strong>onal composition and abundance of decapod<br />
crustacean <strong>as</strong>semblages from the South Atlantic<br />
bight, USA. Bulletin of Marine Science, 32(1):<br />
181-206.<br />
Whitten, H. L., H. F. Rosene, and J. W. Hedgpeth.<br />
1950. The invertebrate fauna of Tex<strong>as</strong> co<strong>as</strong>t jetties; a<br />
preliminary survey. Publications of the Institute<br />
of Marine Science, Tex<strong>as</strong>, 1(2): 53-87, 1 plate.<br />
Wigley, R. L.<br />
1970. A tropical shrimp in the Bay of Fundy<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 19(1):<br />
107-108.<br />
Williams, A. B.<br />
1965a. Marine decapod crustaceans of the Carolin<strong>as</strong>.<br />
Fishery Bulletin, 65(1): i-xi + 298 pages, textfigs.<br />
1-252.<br />
1965b. A new genus and species of snapping shrimp<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Alpheidae) from the Southe<strong>as</strong>tern<br />
United States. Crustaceana, 9(2): 192-198.<br />
1966. The Western Atlantic swimming crabs<br />
Callinectes ornatus, C. danae, and a new, related<br />
species (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Portunidae). Tulane Studies<br />
in Zoology, 13(3): 83-93.<br />
1974a. Allactaea lithostrota, a new genus and species of<br />
crab (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Xanthidae) from North Carolina,<br />
U. S. A. Proceedings of the Biological Society<br />
of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 87(3): 19-26.<br />
1974b. Marine flora and fauna of the northe<strong>as</strong>tern U. S.
Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>. NOAA Technical Report<br />
NMFS, circular 389, 50 pages.<br />
1974c. Two new axiids (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea:<br />
Calocaris) from North Carolina and the Straits<br />
of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological<br />
Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 87(39): 451-464.<br />
1974d. The swimming crabs of the genus Callinectes<br />
(<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Portunidae). Fishery Bulletin,<br />
72(3): 685-798.<br />
1976. Distinction between a Gulf of Mexico and<br />
Caribbean Atlantic species of the swimming<br />
crab Ovalipes (<strong>Decapoda</strong>: Portunidae).<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of<br />
W<strong>as</strong>hington, 89(14): 205-214.<br />
1978. True crabs. 34 pages. In W. Fischer, ed.,<br />
FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery<br />
Purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing<br />
Area 31), 6.<br />
1982. Revision of the genus Latreilia Roux<br />
(Brachyura: Homoloidea). Quaderni del<br />
laboratorio di Tecnologia delta Pesca, 3(2-5):<br />
227-255.<br />
1983. The mud crab, Penopeus herbstii, S. L.<br />
partition into six species (<strong>Decapoda</strong>:<br />
Xanthidae). Fishery Bulletin, 81(4): 863-<br />
882.<br />
1984. Shrimps, Lobsters, and Crabs of the Atlantic<br />
Co<strong>as</strong>t of the E<strong>as</strong>tern United States, Maine to<br />
Florida. Smithsonian Institution Press, xviii<br />
+ 550 pages, 380 figures.<br />
Williams, A. B., L. R. McCIoskey, and I. E.<br />
Gray.<br />
1968. New records of brachyuran decapod crustaceans<br />
from the continental shelf off North Carolina,<br />
U. S. A. Crustaceana, 15(1): 41-66.<br />
Williams, A. B., J. K. Shaw, and T. S. Hopkins.<br />
1977. Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax, a new genus of spider crab (Majidae:<br />
Tychinae) from the West Indies region, with<br />
notes on American relatives. Proceedings of<br />
the Biological Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 90(4):<br />
884-893, 9 figures.<br />
Williams, A. B., and R. L. Wigley.<br />
1977. Distribution of decapod Crustacea off<br />
northe<strong>as</strong>tern U. S. b<strong>as</strong>ed on specimens at the<br />
Northe<strong>as</strong>t Fisheries Center, Woods Hole,<br />
M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts. NOAA Technical Report<br />
NMFS, circular 407, iv + 44 pages.<br />
Williams, A. B., and D. M. Williams.<br />
1981. Carolinian records for American lobster,<br />
Homarus americanus, and tropical swimming<br />
crab, Callinectes bocourti, Postulated means of<br />
dispersal. Fishery Bulletin, 79(1): 192- 198.<br />
Literature Cited 747<br />
Wilson, K. A., and R. H. Core.<br />
1979. Studies on decapod Crustacea from the Indian<br />
River region of Florida. XVI the second<br />
known specimen and first continental record<br />
for Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostris Lebour, 1949<br />
(Caridea, Bresilidae). Crustaceana, 37(3):<br />
311-315.<br />
Yaldwyn, J. C.<br />
1968. Records of, and observations on, the coral<br />
shrimp genus Stenopus in Australia, New<br />
Zealand and the south-west Pacific. Australian<br />
Zoologist, 14(3): 277-289.<br />
Zariquiey Alvarez, R.<br />
1968. Crustaceos decapodos ibericos. Investigacion<br />
Pesquera, 32: 1-510.<br />
Zimmer, C.<br />
1913. Westindische Decapoden, 1: Die familie<br />
Alpheidae. Zoologischen Jahrbuchern,<br />
supplement, 11(3): 381-412, 57 figures.
748 Taxonomic Index<br />
Taxonomic Index<br />
Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)..... 25, 285, 287<br />
Acanthephyra purpurea A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 135<br />
Acanthocarpus alexandri Stimpson, 1871 41, 465, 469<br />
Acanthocarpus bispinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 41, 465, 469<br />
Acanthonyx petiverii H.Milne Edwards, 1834 43, 495, 545<br />
Acetes americanus carolinae Hansen, 1933 10, 115, 123<br />
Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman, 1873) 43, 493, 545<br />
Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 55, 607, 615<br />
Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898 55, 607, 615<br />
Aepinus septemspinosus (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 43, 493, 547<br />
Agaricochirus acanthinus McLaughlin, 1982 31, 361, 367<br />
Agaricochirus alexandri (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />
Agaricochirus boletifer (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />
Agaricochirus gibbosimanus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 367<br />
Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859 38, 427, 429<br />
Albunea paretii Guenn-Merieville, 1853 38, 427, 429<br />
Allactaea lithostrota Williams, 1974 55, 604, 649<br />
Alpheopsis labis Chace, 1972 17, 195, 205<br />
Alpheopsis trispinosus (Stimpson, 1861) 17, 195, 205<br />
Alpheus amblyonyx Chace, 1972 17, 197, 209<br />
Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901 17, 196, 207<br />
AlpheusarmillatusH. Milne Edwards, 1837 17, 198, 213<br />
Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />
Alpheus candei Guerin-Meneville, 1855 18, 197, 209<br />
Alpheus cristulifrons Rathbun, 1900 18, 198, 211<br />
Alpheus cylindricus Kingsley, 1878 18, 196, 207<br />
Alpheus estuariensis Christoffersen, 1984 18, 198, 211<br />
Alpheus floridanus Kingsley, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />
Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 18, 197, 207<br />
Alpheus heterochaelis Say, 1818 18, 198, 213<br />
Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 18, 197, 207<br />
Alpheus normanni Kingsley, 1878 18, 198, 211<br />
Alpheus nultingi (Schmitt, 1924) 18, 199, 215<br />
Alpheus paracrinitus Miers, 1881 18, 199, 215<br />
Alpheus pe<strong>as</strong>ei (Armstrong, 1940) 19, 197, 211<br />
Alpheus schmitti Chace, 1972 19, 199, 213<br />
Alpheus thom<strong>as</strong>i Hendrix and Gore, 1973 19, 197, 209<br />
Alpheus viridari (Armstrong, 1949) 19, 198, 213<br />
Alpheus websteri Kingsley, 1880 19, 197, 209<br />
Ambidexter symmetricus Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 254, 261<br />
An<strong>as</strong>imus latus Rathbun, 1894 43, 494, 547<br />
Anchistioides antiguensis (Schmitt, 1924) 13, 153, 191<br />
Anisopagurus bartletti (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 369<br />
Anisopagurus pygmaeus (Bouvier, 1918) 31, 361, 369<br />
Anomalothir furcillatus (Stimpson, 1871) 43, 493, 547<br />
Arachnopsis filipes Stimpson, 1871 43, 493, 547<br />
Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 62, 665, 675<br />
Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818) 52, 572, 589<br />
Arisiaeomorphafoliacea (Risso, 1827) 7, 79, 81<br />
Automate evermanni Rathbun, 1901 19, 200, 217<br />
Automate gardineri Coutiere, 1902 19, 200, 217<br />
Automate rectifrons Chace, 1972 19, 200, 217<br />
Axiopsis hirsutimana (Boesch and Smalley, 1972) 26, 289, 291<br />
Axiopsis oxypleura (Williams, 1974) 26, 289, 291<br />
Axiopsis serratifrons (A. Milne Edwards, 1873) 26, 289, 291
Taxonomic Index 749<br />
Banareiapalmeri (Rathbun, 1894) 56, 604, 649<br />
Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871 52, 572, 589<br />
Batrachonotusfragosus Stimpson, 1871 43, 493, 549<br />
Bentheogennema intermedia (Bate, 1888) 7, 79, 81<br />
Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti Rathbun, 1931 52, 572, 589<br />
Brachycarpus biunguiculatus (Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849) 13, 152, 191<br />
Bythocaris nana Smith, 1885 21, 230, 249<br />
Calappa angusta A. Milne Edwards, 1880..... 41, 466, 471<br />
Calappaflammea (Herbst, 1794) 42, 466, 471<br />
Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803) 41,466,471<br />
Calappa ocellata Holthuis, 1958 41,466, 473<br />
Calappa sulcata Rathbun, 1898 41,466, 471<br />
Calcinus tibicen (Herbst, 1791) 28, 330, 353<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus (Stimpson, 1866) 26, 294, 296, 299<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica Rathbun, 1926 26, 294, 297, 301<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis Biffar, 1971..... 26,295, 305<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri (Rathbun, 1900) 26, 295, 297, 303<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa fragilis Biff-ar, \970 26,294,297, 301<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga Rodrfgues, 1966 26, 294, 296, 299<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense Schmitt, 1935 27, 295, 296, 303<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris A. Milne Edwards, 1870 27, 294, 296, 299<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa marginata Rathbun, 1901 27, 295, 296, 305<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta Biffar, 1970 27, 295, 303<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathbunae Schmitt, 1935 27, 294, 296, 299<br />
Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilobata Biffar, 1970 27, 295, 297, 303<br />
Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt, 1935) 27, 295, 296, 307<br />
Callichirus major (Say, 1818)..... 27, 295, 296, 297, 307<br />
Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per Stimpson, 1871 42,479, 491<br />
Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879 52, 573, 577<br />
Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 52, 573, 579<br />
Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus (Gerstaecker, 1856) 52, 573, 579<br />
Callinectes larvatus Ordway, 1863 52, 573, 577<br />
Callinectes ornatusOrdw&y, 1863 52, 573, 579<br />
Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 52, 573, 577<br />
Callinectes similis Williams, 1966 53, 573, 577<br />
Cancellus ornatus Benedict, 1901 28, 331, 337<br />
Cancellus viridis Mayo, 1973 29, 331, 337<br />
Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 51, 569, 571<br />
Cancer irroratus Say, 1817 52, 569, 571<br />
Cardisoma guanhumiLatieille, 1825 61, 661, 663<br />
Carpilius corallinus (Herbst, 1783) 56, 603, 651<br />
Carpoporus papulosus Stimpson, 1871 56, 604, 651<br />
Cataleptodiusfloridanus(Gibbes, 1850) 56, 604, 651<br />
Catapagurus sharrei A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 387<br />
Chacellus filiformis Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 595<br />
Chlorodiella longimana (H. Milne Edwards, 1834).. 56, 605, 653<br />
Chorinus heros (Herbst, 1790) 44, 494, 549<br />
Clihanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1862 29, 331, 339<br />
Clibanarius cubensis (Saussure, 1858) 29, 331, 339<br />
Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850) 29, 331, 339<br />
Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802) 29, 331, 339<br />
Clythrocerus granulatus (Rathbun, 1898) 39, 447, 449<br />
Clythrocerus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39, 447, 449<br />
Clythrocerus stimpsoni Rathbun, 1937 39, 447, 449<br />
Coelocerus spinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875 44, 496, 549<br />
Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst, 1791) 28, 327, 329<br />
Collodes leptocheles Rathbun, 1894 44,497, 509<br />
Collodes nudus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497
750 Taxonomic Index<br />
Collodes obesus A. Milne Edwards, 1878 44,497,509<br />
Collodes robustus Smith, 1883 44, 497, 509<br />
Collodes trispinosus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497, 509<br />
Coralaxius abelei Kensley and Gore, 1981 26, 289, 291<br />
Crangon septemspinosa Say, 1818 25, 271, 273<br />
Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818) 53, 573, 581<br />
Cronius tumidulus (Stimpson, 1871) 53, 573, 581<br />
Cryptopodia concava Stimpson, 1871 50, 558, 565<br />
Cycloes bairdii Stimpson, 1860 41, 465, 477<br />
Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 62, 665, 675<br />
Cymonomus quadratus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39, 443, 445<br />
Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi A. Milne Edwards andBouvier, 1899 39, 443, 445<br />
Dardanusfucosus Biffar and Provenzano, 1972 29, 332, 341<br />
Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858) 29, 332, 341<br />
Dardanus venosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848) .29, 332, 341<br />
Dicranodromia ovata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39, 443, 445<br />
Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanticus Gurney, 1939 12, 141, 143<br />
Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostris Lebom, 1949 13, 141, 143<br />
Dissodactylus borradailei Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />
Dissodactylus crinitichelis Moreha, 1901 , 64, 682, 689<br />
Dissodactylus mellitae (Rathbun, 1900) 64, 682, 689<br />
Dissodactylus primitivus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />
Dissodactylus rugatus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />
Dissodactylus stebbingi Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />
Domecia acanthophora acanthophora (Desbonne and Schramm, 1867) 56, 606, 653<br />
Dromia erythropus (George Edwards, 1771) 39, 437, 441<br />
Dromidia antillensis Stimpson, 1858.. 39, 437, 441<br />
Ebalia cariosa (Stimpson, 1860) 42, 480, 483<br />
Ebalia stimpsonii A. Milne Edwards, 1880 42,480,483<br />
Emerita benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />
Emerita portoricensis Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />
Emerita talpoida (Say, 1817) 38, 433, 435<br />
Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 44, 498, 511<br />
Epialtus dilatatus A. Milne Edwards, 1878 44,498, 511<br />
Epialtus dilatatus forma elongata Rathbun, 1923 44, 498, 513<br />
Epialtus kingsleyi Rathbun, 1923 44, 498, 511<br />
Epialtus longirostris Stimpson, 1860 44, 498, 511<br />
Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781) 56, 606, 653<br />
Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana A. Milne Edwards, 1880 40, 461, 463<br />
Ethusa microphthalma Smith, 1881 40, 461, 463<br />
Ethusa tenuipes Rathbun, 1897 41, 461, 463<br />
Ethusa truncata A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899 41, 461, 463<br />
Etisus maculatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 605, 653<br />
Euceramus praelongus Stimpson, 1860 36, 410, 425<br />
Euchirograpsus americanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 62, 666, 669<br />
Euchirograpsus antillensisTurkay, 1975..... 62, 666, 669<br />
Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus(Dana, 1852)... 54, 592, 595<br />
Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 13, 145, 147<br />
Euphrosynoplax clausa Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 597<br />
Euprognatha gracilipes A. Milne Edwards, 1878 44, 499, 513<br />
Euprognatha r<strong>as</strong>tellifera Stimpson, 1871 45, 499, 513<br />
Eurypanopeusabbreviatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 607, 617<br />
Eurypanopeus depressus (Smith, 1869) 56, 607, 617<br />
Eurypanopeus dissimilis (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 56, 607, 617<br />
Eurypanopeus turgidus (Rathbun, 1930) 56, 607, 617<br />
Euryplax nitida Stimpson, 1859 54, 592, 597<br />
Eurytium limosum (Say, 1818) 56, 606, 655<br />
Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) 21, 230, 249
Taxonomic Index 751<br />
Fabia byssomiae (Say, 1818) 64, 682, 691<br />
Fabia tellinae Cobb, 1973 64, 682, 691<br />
Frevillea barbata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 54, 593, 595<br />
Frevilleahirsuta (Borra&dile, 1916) 54, 593, 595<br />
Funchalia villosa (Bouvier, 1905) 7,82,95<br />
Galatnea rostrata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 397,409<br />
Gecarcinus lateralis (Freminville, 1835) 61, 661, 663<br />
Gecarcinus ruricola (Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 661, 663<br />
Geograpsus lividus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 62, 665, 675<br />
Geryonfenneri Manning and Hothuis, 1984 52, 569, 571<br />
Glyphocrangon haematonotus Holthuis, 1971 25, 277, 279<br />
Glyphocrangon longleyi Schmitt, 1931 25, 277, 279<br />
Glyphocrangon spinicauda A. Milne Edwards, 1881 25, 277, 279<br />
Glyptoplax smithii A. Milne Edwards, 1880 54, 592, 597<br />
Glyptoxanthus erosus (Stimpson, 1859) 57, 603, 655<br />
Gnathophylloides mined Schmitt, 1933 13, 149, 151<br />
Gnathophyllum americanum Guenn-Meneville, 1855 13, 149, 151<br />
Gnathophyllum circellum Manning, 1963 13, 149, 151<br />
Gnathophyllum modestum Hay, 1917 13, 149, 151<br />
G<strong>one</strong>plax sigsbei (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 54, 591, 597<br />
Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802) 62, 665, 675<br />
Gourretia latispina (Dawson, 1967) 27, 293, 296, 307<br />
Grapsus grapsus (Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 665, 677<br />
Hadropenaeus qffinis (Bouvier, 1906) 8, 98, 101<br />
Hadropenaeus modestus (Smith, 1885) 8, 98, 101<br />
Hemus cristulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1875 45, 495, 549<br />
Hepatus epheliticus (Linnaeus, 1763) ; 41, 466, 475<br />
Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785) 41, 466, 475<br />
Heieractaea ceratopus (Stimpson, 1860) 57, 604, 655<br />
Heierocrypta granulata (Gibbes, 1850) 50, 558, 565<br />
Hexapanopeus angustifrons (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 57, 608, 621<br />
Hexapanopeus caribbaeus (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 608, 619<br />
Hexapanopeus hemphillii (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) * 57, 608, 621<br />
Hexapanopeus lobipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) i 57, 608, 619<br />
Hexapanopeuspaulensis Rathbun, 1930 t 57, 608, 619<br />
Hexapanopeus quinquedentatus Rathbun, 1901 57, 608, 621<br />
Hippa cubensis (Saussure, 1857) 38, 433, 435<br />
Hippolyte coerulescens (Fabricius, 1775) 21, 231, 237<br />
Hippolyte curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924 21, 231, 237<br />
Hippolyte nicholsoni Chace, 1972 21, 231, 237<br />
Hippolyte pleuracanthus (Stimpson, 1871) 21, 231, 237<br />
Hippolyte zosteric.ola (Smith, 1873) 22, 231, 239<br />
Homola barbata (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 451, 453<br />
Hymenopenaeus aphoticus Burkenroad, 1936 9, 98, 103<br />
Hymenopenaeus debilis Smith, 1882 9, 98, 103<br />
Hypoconcha arcuata Stimpson, 1858 39, 437, 439<br />
Hypoconcha sabulosa (Herbst, 1799) 39, 437, 439<br />
Hypoconcha spinosissima Rathbun, 1933 39, 437, 439<br />
Iliacantha intermedia Miers, 1886 .. 42, 480, 485<br />
Iliacantha liodactylus Rathbun, 1898 42, 480, 485<br />
Iliacantha sparsa Stimpson, 1871... 42, 480, 485<br />
Iliacantha subglobosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 485<br />
Inachoides forceps A. Milne Edwards, 1879 45, 494, 551<br />
Iridopagurus caribbensis (A. Milne Edwardsand Bouvier, 1893) 32, 362, 371<br />
Iridopagurus globulus De Saint Laurent-Dechance\ 1966 32, 362, 371<br />
Iridopagurus iris (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 32, 362, 371<br />
Iridopagurus reticulatus Garcia G6mez, 1983 32, 362, 371<br />
Iridopagurus violaceus De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966 32, 362, 373
752 Taxonomic Index<br />
Isocheles wurdemanni Stimpson, 1862.... 29, 330, 353<br />
Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883) 12, 131, 135<br />
Justitia longimanus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 27, 313, 315<br />
Latreillia manningi Williams, 1982 40, 451, 453<br />
Latreutesfucorum(Fabricius, 1798).. 22, 232, 241<br />
Latreutes parvulus (Stimpson, 1866) 22, 232, 241<br />
Leander paulensis Ortmann, 1897 13, 154, 163<br />
Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818) 13, 154, 163<br />
Leiolambrus nitidus Rathbun, 1901 50, 558, 565<br />
Lepidopa benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 427, 429<br />
Lepidopa websteri Benedict, 1903 38, 427, 429<br />
Leptalpheus forceps Williams, 1965 19, 194, 229<br />
Leptochela bermudensis Gurney, 1939 12, 137, 139<br />
Leptochela carinata Ortmann, 1893 12, 137, 139<br />
Leptochela papulata Chace, 1976 12, 137, 139<br />
Leptochela serratorbita Bate, 1888 12, 137, 139<br />
Leptodiusparvulus (Fabricius, 1793).... 57, 604, 655<br />
Leptopisa setirostris (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 496, 551<br />
Libinia dubia H. Milne Edwards, 1834 45, 499, 515<br />
Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815 45, 499, 515<br />
Libinia erinacea (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 45, 499, 515<br />
Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969 14, 153, 191<br />
Lithadia cadaverosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 487<br />
Lithadia granulosa A. Milne Edwards, 1880 42, 480,487<br />
Lobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 606, 657<br />
Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915 11, 125, 126a<br />
Lucifer typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 11, 125, 126a<br />
Lyreidus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40,455,459<br />
Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 22, 233, 243<br />
Lysmata intermedia (Kingsley, 1878) 22, 233, 243<br />
Lysmata rathbunae Chace, 1970 22, 233, 243<br />
Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850) 22, 233, 243<br />
Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) 14, 154, 165<br />
Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) 14, 154, 165<br />
Macrobrachium crenulatumHolthuis, 1950 14, 154, 167<br />
Macrobrachium ohi<strong>one</strong> (Smith, 1874) 14, 154, 165<br />
Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836) 14, 154, 165<br />
Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />
Macrocoeloma diplacanthum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />
Macrocoeloma eutheca (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />
Macrocoeloma laevigatum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />
Macrocoeloma septemspinosum (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 521<br />
Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 500, 517<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum nodipes (Desbonne, 1867) 46, 500, 517<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum (Latreille, 1825) 46, 500, 517<br />
Macrocoeloma trispinosum, variety 46, 500, 517<br />
Manucomplanus corallinus (Benedict, 1892) 32, 360, 387<br />
Megalobrachium poeyi (G\i€r'm-M6nevil\e, 1855) 37, 412, 415<br />
Megalobrachium soriatum (Say, 1818) 37, 412, 415<br />
Melybia thalamita Stimpson, 1871 57, 606, 657<br />
Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818) 57, 608, 623<br />
Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 58, 608, 623<br />
Merhippolyte americana Uolthuis, 1961 22, 230, 249<br />
Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier, 1905) 9, 97, 107<br />
Mesorhoea sexspinosa Stimpson, 1871.... 50, 558, 565<br />
Meiacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sizii(Smith, 1882) 25, 271, 273<br />
Mctalphcus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890) 19, 194,229<br />
Metancphrops binghamr (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927) 26, 285, 287
Taxonomic Index 753<br />
Metapenaeopsis gerardoiPerez Farfante, 1971 7, 83, 87<br />
Metapenaeopsis goodei (Smith, 1885) 7, 83, 87<br />
Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt, 1924) 7, 83, 87<br />
Metoporhaphis calcarata (Say, 1818) 46, 494, 551<br />
Micropanope barbadensis (Rathbun, 1921) — 58, 609, 627<br />
Micropanope lobifrons A. Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />
Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898) 58, 609, 627<br />
Micropanope pusilla A. Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />
Micropanope sculptipes Stimpson, 1871 58, 609, 625<br />
Micropanope spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />
Micropanope urinator (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 58, 609, 627<br />
Microphrys antillensis Rathbun, 1920 46, 501, 521<br />
Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille, 1825) 46, 501, 521<br />
Microprosthema semilaeve (Von Martens, 1872) 11, 281, 283<br />
Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson, 1870 46, 501, 523<br />
Mithrax caribbaeus Rathbun, 1900 46, 502, 527<br />
Mithrax cinctimanus (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 502, 527<br />
Mithrax cornutus Saussure, 1857 46, 501, 523<br />
Mithrax coryphe (Herbst, 1801) 46, 503, 529<br />
Mithrax forceps (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 47, 503, 529<br />
Mithrax hemphilli Rathbun, 1892 47, 502, 525<br />
Mithrax hispidus (Herbst, 1790) 47, 502, 525<br />
Mithrax holderi Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 525<br />
Mithrax pilosus Rathbun, 1892 47, 501, 523<br />
Mithrax pleuracanthus Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 527<br />
Mithrax ruber (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 503, 529<br />
Mithrax sculptus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 503, 529<br />
Mithrax spinosissimus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 501, 523<br />
Mithrax lortugae Rathbun, 1920 47, 502, 527<br />
Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832 47, 501, 502, 525<br />
Mocosoa crebripunctata Stimpson, 1871 47, 495, 551<br />
Munida affinis A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398,405<br />
Munida angulata Benedict, 1902 35, 398, 405<br />
Munida forceps A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398,403<br />
Munida iris iris A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />
Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />
Munida longipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398,405<br />
Munida miles A. Milne Edwards, 1880 36, 397,401<br />
Munida pusilla Benedict, 1902... 36, 398, 403<br />
Munida santipauli Henderson, 1885 36, 397, 401<br />
Munida simplex Benedict, 1902 36, 398, 405<br />
Munida spinifrons Henderson, 1885 36, 397, 401<br />
Munida stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880 36, 398, 407<br />
Munida valida Smith, 1883 36, 398, 401<br />
Munidopsis armata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 36, 399, 407<br />
Munidopsis platirostris (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1894) 36, 399, 407<br />
Munidopsis polita (Smith, 1883) 36, 399, 407<br />
Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 479, 491<br />
Nanoplax xanthiformis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 55, 591, 599<br />
Nematopaguroides pusillus Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967 32, 359, 387<br />
Neopanope packardii (Kingsley, 1879) 58, 609, 629<br />
Neopanope sayi (Smith, 1869) 58, 609, 629<br />
Neopanope texana (Stimpson, 1859) 58, 609, 629<br />
Neopilumnoplax americana (Rathbun, 1898) 55, 591, 599<br />
Neopisosoma angustifrons (Benedict, 1901) 37, 410, 425<br />
Neopontonides beaufortensis (Borradaile, 1920) 14, 153, 191<br />
Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 26, 285, 287<br />
Nibilia antilocapra (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 494, 553
754 Taxonomic Index<br />
Nikoides schmitti Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 254, 261<br />
Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787) 66, 707, 717<br />
Odontozona libertae Gore, 1981 11, 281, 283<br />
Ogyrides alphaerostris (Kingsley, 1880) 23, 251, 253<br />
Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981 23,251,253<br />
Oplophorus gracilirostris A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 133<br />
Oplophorus spinosus (Brulle, 1839) 12, 131, 133<br />
Oplopisa spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1879 48, 494, 553<br />
Orthotheres strombi (Rathbun, 1905) 64, 681, 705<br />
Osachila antillensis Rathbun, 1898 42,467,477<br />
Osachila semilevis Rathbun, 1916 42, 467, 477<br />
Osachila tuberosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 467, 477<br />
Ostraconotus spatulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 389<br />
Ovalipes floridanus Hay and Shore, 1918 53, 574, 581<br />
Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976 53, 574, 581<br />
Pachycheles ackleianus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 37, 412, 417<br />
Pachycheles monilifer (Dana, 1852) 37, 412, 419<br />
Pachycheles pilosus (H.Milne Edwards, 1837) 37,412,417<br />
Pachycheles riisei (Stimpson, 1858) 37, 412, 417<br />
Pachycheles rugimanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 37, 412, 417<br />
Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858) 62, 666, 669<br />
Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850) 63, 666, 669<br />
Paguristes anomalus Bouvier, 1918... 29, 334, 349<br />
Paguristes cadenati Forest, 1954 29, 334, 349<br />
Paguristes erythrops Holthuis, 1959 29, 334, 347<br />
Paguristes grayi Benedict, 1901 29, 334, 345<br />
Paguristes hernancortezi McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 29, 334, 349<br />
Paguristes hummi W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 30, 333, 343<br />
Paguristes inconstans McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 345<br />
Paguristes invisisacculus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 335, 353<br />
Paguristes laticlavus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 343<br />
Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 334, 351<br />
Paguristes lymani A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 30, 333, 343<br />
Paguristes moorei Benedict, 1901 30, 333, 345<br />
Paguristes oxyophthalmus Holthuis, 1959 30, 333, 343<br />
Paguristes puncticeps Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 347<br />
Paguristes sericeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />
Paguristes spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />
Paguristes starcki Provenzano, 1965 30, 334, 351<br />
Paguristes tenuirostris Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 349<br />
Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933 31, 335, 351<br />
Paguristes triangulatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 31, 333, 345<br />
Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si Provenzano, 1961 31, 334, 351<br />
Pagurus annulipes (Stimpson, 1860) 32, 363, 379<br />
Pagurus brevidactylus (Stimpson, 1859) 33, 363, 375<br />
Pagurus carolinensis McLaughlin, 1975 33, 363, 375<br />
Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852) 33, 363, 379<br />
Pagurus defensus (Benedict, 1892) 33, 364, 381<br />
Pagurus gymnodactylusLem-dhrc, 1982 33, 363, 377<br />
Pagurus impressus (Benedict, 1892) 33, 363, 377<br />
Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1817 33, 364, 381<br />
Pagurus maclaughlinae Garcia G6mez, 1982 .33, 363, 377<br />
Pagurus marshi Benedict, 1901 33, 363, 377<br />
Pagurus piercei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963 33, 364, 381<br />
Paguruspolilus (Smith, 1882) .... 33, 364, 379<br />
Pagurus pollicaris Say, 1817 33, 363, 375<br />
Pagurus provenzanoi Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967 34, 362, 375<br />
Pagurus stimpsoni (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 364, 379
Taxonomic Index 755<br />
PalaemonfloridanusChace, 1942 14, 155, 169<br />
Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898) .' 14, 155, 169<br />
Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermedius Holthuis, 1949 14, 155, 171<br />
Palacitvmctes paludosus (Gibbes, 1850) 14, 155, 171<br />
!\ihwm
756 Taxonomic Index<br />
Periclimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971 15, 156, 173<br />
Periclimenaeus maxillulidens (Schmitt, 1936) 15, 157, 177<br />
Periclimenaeus pearsei (Schmitt, 1932) 15, 156, 173<br />
Periclimenaeus perlatus (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1930) 15, 156, 175<br />
Periclimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951 15, 157, 175<br />
Periclimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917) 15, 156, 175<br />
Periclimenes americanus (KJngsley, 1878) 15, 158, 179<br />
Periclimenes harringtoni Lebour, 1949 . 16, 159, 181<br />
Periclimenes iridescens Lebour, 1949 16, 159, 181<br />
Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860) 16, 158, 179<br />
Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 179<br />
Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 181<br />
Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958 16, 158, 179<br />
Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942 16, 159, 183<br />
Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924 16, 159, 181<br />
Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891) 16, 159, 183<br />
Persephona crinita Rathbun, 1931 42,481,487<br />
Persephona mediterranea (Herbst, 1794) 43, 481, 487<br />
Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758) 31, 330, 353<br />
Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850) 37, 413, 421<br />
Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1802) 37,413,421<br />
Petrolisthes jugosus Streets, 1872 37, 413, 421<br />
Petrolisthespolitus (Gray, 1831) 38, 413, 421<br />
Philocer<strong>as</strong> gorei(Dardem, 1980) 25,271,275<br />
Phimochirus holthuisi (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />
Phimochirus leurocarpus McLaughlin, 1981 34, 365, 383<br />
Phimochirus operculatus (Stimpson, 1859) 34, 365, 383<br />
Phimochirus randalli (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />
Picroceroides tubularis Miers, 1886 48, 495, 553<br />
Pilumnoides nudifrons (Stimpson, 1871) 60, 606, 657<br />
Pilumnoplax elata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 55, 591<br />
Pilumnus caribaeus Desbonne and Schramm, 1867 60, 612, 641<br />
Pilumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus Kingsley, 1879 60, 612, 641<br />
Pilumnus floridanus Stimpson, 1871 60, 612, 643<br />
Pilumnus gemmatus Stimpson, 1860 60, 612, 641<br />
Pilumnus holosericus Rathbun, 1898 60, 612, 643<br />
Pilumnus lacteus Stimpson, 1871 60, 612, 643<br />
Pilumnus longleyi Rathbun, 1930 60, 611, 639<br />
Pilumnus marshi Rathbun, 1901 60, 611, 639<br />
Pilumnus nudimanus Rathbun, 1900 60, 611, 639<br />
Pilumnus pannosus Rathbun, 1896 60, 612, 643<br />
Pilumnus sayi Rathbun, 1897 60, 612, 641<br />
Pilumnus spinosissimus Rathbun, 1898 60, 611, 639<br />
Pinnaxodesfloridensis Wells and Wells, 1961 64, 681, 705<br />
Pinnixa chacei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 64, 683, 695<br />
Pinnixa chaetopterana Stimpson, 1860 64, 684, 699<br />
Pinnixa cristata Rathbun, 1900 65, 683, 695<br />
Pinnixa cylindrica (Say, 1818) 65, 684, 697<br />
Pinnixa floridana Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 697<br />
Pinnixa leptosynaptae W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968 65, 683, 695<br />
Pinnixa lunzi Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937 65, 684, 697<br />
Pinnixa pearsei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 65, 684, 699<br />
Pinnixa retinens Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 695<br />
Pinnixa sayana Stimpson, 1860 65, 684, 697<br />
Pinnotheres hemphilli Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 703<br />
Pinnotheres maculatus Say, 1818 65, 685, 701, 703<br />
Pinnotheres moseri Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 701<br />
Pinnotheres ostreum Say, 1817 65, 685, 701, 703
Taxonomic Index 757<br />
Pinnotheres shoemakeri Rathbun, 1918.... 65, 685, 703<br />
Pitho aculeata (Gibbes, 1850) 48, 504, 531<br />
Pitho anisodon (Von Martens, 1872) 48, 504, 531<br />
Pitho laevigata (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 48, 504, 531<br />
Pitho Iherminieri (Schramm, 1867) 48, 504, 531<br />
Pitho mirabilis (Herbst, 1794) 48, 504, 533<br />
Pitho quadridentata (Miers,\S79) 48, 504, 533<br />
Plagusia depressa (Fabricius, 1775) 63, 665, 677<br />
Planes minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) 63, 665, 679<br />
Platyactaea setigera (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 61, 603, 659<br />
Platychirograpsus spectabilisDeMm, 1896 63, 665, 679<br />
Platypodiella spectabilis (Herbst, 1794) 61, 603, 659<br />
Pleoticus robustus (Smith, 1885) 9, 97, 107<br />
Plesionika acanthonotus (Smith, 1882) 24, 263, 265<br />
Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) 24,263,265<br />
Plesionika ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />
Plesionika escatilis (Stimpson, 1860) 24, 263, 267<br />
Plesionika longicauda (Rathbun, 1901) 24, 263, 267<br />
Plesionika martia (A. Milne Edwards, 1883) 24,263,267<br />
Plesionika tenuipes (Smith, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />
Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867) 7, 79, 81<br />
Podochela curvirostris (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 48, 505, 535<br />
Podochela gracilipes Stimpson, 1871 48, 505, 535<br />
Podochela lamelligera (Stimpson, 1871) 48, 505, 535<br />
Podochela macrodera Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 535<br />
Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 537<br />
Podochela sidneyiRathbun, 1924... 49, 505, 537<br />
Polyonyx gibbesi Haig, 1956 38, 410, 425<br />
Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850 16, 160, 185<br />
Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869 16, 160, 185<br />
Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880 16, 160, 185<br />
Pontoniopsis paulae Gore, 1981 16, 153, 193<br />
Pontophilus brevirostris Smith, 1881 25, 271, 275<br />
Porcellana sayana (Leach, 1820) 38, 413, 423<br />
Porcellana sigsbeiana A. Milne Edwards, 1880 38, 413, 423<br />
Porcellana stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880 38, 413, 423<br />
Portunus anceps (Saussure, 1858) 53, 574, 583<br />
Portunus binoculus Holthuis, 1969 53, 575, 587<br />
Portunus depressifrons (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 575, 585<br />
Portunusfloridanus Rathbun, 1930 53, 575, 585<br />
Portunus gibbesii (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 574, 583<br />
Portunus ordwayi (Stimpson, 1860) 53, 575, 587<br />
Portunus sayi (Gibbes, 1850) 53, 574, 583<br />
Portunus sebae (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 54, 575, 585<br />
Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871) 54, 575, 587<br />
Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819 54, 575, 587<br />
Portunus ventralis (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 54, 574, 585<br />
Portunus vocans (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 54, 574, 583<br />
Potimirim potimirim (Muller, 1881) 11, 127, 129<br />
Processa bermudensis (Rankin, 1900) 23, 255, 257<br />
Processafimbriata Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 257<br />
Processa guyanae Holthuis, 1959 23, 255, 259<br />
Processa hemphilli Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />
Processa profunda Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />
Processa riveroi Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />
Processa vicina Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />
Pseudocheles chacei Kemley, 1983 13, 141, 143<br />
Pseudocoutierea antillensis Chace, 1972 17, 153, 193
758 Taxonomic Index<br />
Pseudocryptochirus corallicola (Verrill, 1908) 68, 727, 729<br />
Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus Shaw and Hopkins, 1977 68, 727, 729<br />
Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 61, 613, 645<br />
Pseudomedaeus distinctus (Rathbun, 1898) 61, 613, 645<br />
Pseudorhombila quadridentata (Latreille, 1828) 55, 592, 599<br />
Pylopaguropsis atlanticaW&ss, 1963 34, 359, 389<br />
Pylopagurus discoidalis (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 34, 359, 389<br />
Pyromaia arachna Rathbun, 1924 49, 506, 539<br />
Pyromaia cuspidata Stimpson, 1871 49, 506, 539<br />
Ranilia constricta (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40, 455, 457<br />
Ranilia muricata H. Milne Edwards, 1837 40, 455, 457<br />
Raninoides loevis (Latreille, 1825) 40, 455, 457<br />
Raninoides louisianensis Rathbun, 1933 40, 455, 457<br />
Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) 61, 605, 659<br />
Rhodochirus rosaceus (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 360, 389<br />
Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936 13, 145, 147<br />
Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 49, 506, 541<br />
Rochinia hystrix (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />
Rochinia tanneri (Smith, 1883) 49, 506, 541<br />
Rochinia umbonata (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />
Scyllarides aequinoctialis (Lund, 1793) 28, 317, 319<br />
Scyllarides nodifer (Stimpson, 1866) 28, 317, 319<br />
Scyllarus americanus (Smith, 1869) 28, 317, 321<br />
Scyllarus chacei Holthuis, 1960 28, 317, 321<br />
Scyllarus depressus (Smith, 1881) 28, 317, 321<br />
Sergestes armatus Krdyer, 1855 10, 116, 121<br />
Sergestes atlanticus H. Milne Edwards, 1830 10, 116, 119<br />
Sergestes edwardsii YLiQyer, 1855 10, 116, 121<br />
Sergestes henseni (Ortmann, 1893) 10, 116, 119<br />
Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudus Crosnier and Forest, 1973 10, 116, 119<br />
Sergestes pectinatus Sund, 1920 10, 116, 119<br />
Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si Ortmann, 1893 10, 116, 121<br />
Sergestes vigilax Stimpson, 1860 11, 116, 121<br />
Sergia extenuatus Burkenroad, 1940 11, 117, 123<br />
Sergia splendens Sund, 1920 11, 117, 123<br />
Sesarma benedicti Rathbun, 1897 63, 667, 671<br />
Sesarma cinereum (Bosc, 1802) 63, 667, 671<br />
Sesarma curacaoense De Man, 1892 63, 667, 673<br />
Sesarma miersii Rathbun, 1897 63, 667, 671<br />
Sesarma reticulatum (Say, 1817) 63, 667, 673<br />
Sesarma ricordi H. Milne Edwards, 1853 63, 667, 671<br />
Sicyonia brevirostris Stimpson, 1871 9, 109, 111<br />
Sicyonia burkenroadi Cobb, 1971 9, 109, 113<br />
Sicyonia dorsalis Kingsley, 1878 10, 109, 113<br />
Sicyonia laevigata Stimpson, 1871 10, 109, 111<br />
Sicyoniaparri(Burkenroad, 1934) 10, 109, 111<br />
Sicyonia stimpsoni Bouvier, 1905 10, 109, 113<br />
Sicyoniatypica(Boeck, 1864). 10, 109, 111<br />
Solenocera atlantidis Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />
Solenocera necopina Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />
Solenocera vioscai Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />
Solenolambrus decemspinosus Rathbun, 1894 , 51, 559, 563<br />
Solenolambrus tenellus Stimpson, 1871 51, 559, 563<br />
Solenolambrus typicus Stimpson, 1871 51, 559, 563<br />
Solenopagurus lineatus (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 359, 391<br />
Sotoplax robertsi Guinot, 1984 55, 592, 601<br />
Speloeophorus elevatusRa\hbun, 1898 43, 481, 489<br />
Speloeophorus nodosus (Bell, 1855) 43,481,489
Taxonomic Index 759<br />
Speloeophorus pontifer (Stimpson, 1871) 43, 481, 489<br />
Speocarcinus lobatus Guinot, 1969.... 55, 592, 601<br />
Sphenocarcinus corrosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875 49, 495, 555<br />
Stenocionops furcata coelata (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 49, 507, 543<br />
Stenocionops furcata furcata (0\Wm, 1791) 49, 507, 543<br />
Stenocionops spinimana (Rathbun, 1892) . 50, 507, 543<br />
Stenocionops spinosissima (Saussure, 1857) 50, 507, 543<br />
Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811) 11, 281, 283<br />
Stenopus scutellatus Rankin, 1898 11, 281, 283<br />
Stenorhynchus seticornis (Herbst, 1788) 50, 494, 555<br />
Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera (Monod, 1939) 50, 495, 555<br />
Stylopandalus richardi (Coutiere, 1905) 24, 262, 269<br />
Symethis variolosa (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 455, 459<br />
Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong> Pequegnat and Heard, 1979 19, 201, 219<br />
Synalpheus apioceros Coutiere, 1909 19, 203, 227<br />
Synalpheus bousfieldi Chace, 1972 20, 202, 221<br />
Synalpheus brevicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 203, 225<br />
Synalpheus brooksi Coutiere, 1909 20 ,202, 221<br />
Synalpheus curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924 20, 203, 225<br />
Synalpheus fritzmuelleri Coutiere, 1909 20, 203, 227<br />
Synalpheus goodei Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 225<br />
Synalpheus heardi Dardeau, 1984 20, 201, 219<br />
Synalpheus hemphilli Coutiere, 1909 20, 203, 227<br />
Synalpheus herricki Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 223<br />
Synalpheus longicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 202, 223<br />
Synalpheus mcclendoni Coutiere, 1910 20 ,202, 221<br />
Synalpheus minus (Say, 1818) 20, 203, 225<br />
Synalpheus pandionis Coutiere, 1909 21, 202, 223<br />
Synalpheus paraneptunus Coutiere, 1909 21, 202, 223<br />
Synalpheus pectiniger Coutiere, 1907 21, 201, 219<br />
Synalpheus rathbunae Coutiere, 1909 21, 201, 219<br />
Synalpheus sanetithomae Coutiere, 1909 21 ,202, 221<br />
Synalpheus townsendi Coutiere, 1909 21, 203, 227<br />
Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 12, 131, 135<br />
Tetraxanthus bidentatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 61, 613, 647<br />
Tetraxanthus rathbunae Chace, 1939 61, 613, 647<br />
Thal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta Guinot, 1969 55, 591, 601<br />
Thoe puella Stimpson, 1860 50,495, 555<br />
Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 22, 234, 245<br />
Thor dobkini Chace, 1972. 22,234, 245<br />
Thor floridanus Kingsley, 1878 22, 234, 245<br />
ThormanningiChd.ce, 1972 22, 234, 245<br />
Thunor simus (Guenn-M6neville, 1856) 21, 194, 229<br />
Tomopaguropsis problematica (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 359, 391<br />
Tomopagurus chacei (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 365, 387<br />
Tomopagurus cokeri (Hay, 1917) 34, 365, 385<br />
Tomopagurus cubensis (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 35, 365, 385<br />
Tomopagurus rubropunctatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 35, 365, 385<br />
Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si McLaughlin, 1981 35, 365, 385<br />
Tozeuma carolinense Kingsley, 1878 22, 235, 247<br />
Tozeuma cornutum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 22, 235, 247<br />
Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 23, 235, 247<br />
Trachycaris restrictus (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 23, 230, 249<br />
Trachypenaeopsis mobilispinis (Rathbun, 1920) 8, 82, 95<br />
Trachypenaeus constrictus (Stimpson, 1874) 8, 85, 93<br />
Trachypenaeus similis (Smith, 1885) 8, 85, 93<br />
Trapezioplax tridentata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 55, 592, 601<br />
Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne Edwards, 1880 51, 569, 571
760 Taxonomic Index<br />
Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969 17, 152, 193<br />
Tutankhamen cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 51, 558, 567<br />
Tyche emarginata White, 1847 50, 495, 557<br />
Tymolus antennaria (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39,447,449<br />
Typion carneus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />
Typton distinctus Chace, 1972 17, 161, 189<br />
Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />
Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951 . 17, 161, 187<br />
Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911 17, 161, 187<br />
Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 1=89<br />
Ucaburgersi Holthuis, 1967 66,709,715<br />
Uca leptodactyla Rathbun, 1898 66,707,711<br />
Uca longisignalis Salmon and Atsaides, 1968 66, 708, 713<br />
Ucaminax(LeGonte, 1855) 66, 709* 715<br />
Uca panacea Novak and Salmon, 1974 66* 707, 711<br />
Ucapugilator (Bosc, 1802) 66, 707, 711<br />
Uca pugnax (Smith, 1870) 66* 709; 715<br />
Uca rapax (Smith, 1870).... 66, 709* 715<br />
Uca speciosa (Ives, 1891). 66, 708> 713<br />
Uca spinicarpa Rathbun, 1900 66,708, 713<br />
Uca thayeri Rathbun, 1900 67, 708, 711<br />
Uca vocator (Herbst, 1804) 67, 708, 713<br />
Vaides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) 67, 707, 717<br />
Uhli<strong>as</strong> UmbalusStimpson, 1871 43, 479* 491<br />
Upogebia qffinis (Say, 1818) 27*309, 311<br />
Upogebia operculata Schmitt, 1924 27, 309, 311<br />
Uroptychus armalus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 35, 393, 395<br />
Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981 17, 153* 193<br />
Xantho denticulata White, 1847 61, 603, 659<br />
Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) 8, 82, 95<br />
Zygopa michaelis Holthuis, 1960 38, 427, 431