Download PDF as one large file - AToL Decapoda

Technical Series<br />

Volume 8<br />

Number 1<br />

Parti<br />

November 1986<br />

State of Florida<br />

Department of<br />

Environmental Regulation<br />

QcfU fja^<br />

An Illustrated<br />

Marine Decapod Crustacea]<br />

of Florida<br />

Lawrence G. Abele<br />

and<br />

Won Kim<br />

o*'<br />

Illustrated by<br />

Elizabeth Woodsmall

---

Technical Series<br />

Volume 8<br />

Number 1<br />

Part a<br />

November 1986<br />

State of Florida<br />

Department of<br />

Environmental Regulation<br />

---

An Illustrated Guide<br />

to the<br />

Marine Decapod Crustaceans<br />

of Florida<br />

Part 1<br />

Lawrence G. Abele<br />

and<br />

Won Kim<br />

Florida State University<br />

Department of Biological Science<br />

Tallah<strong>as</strong>see, Florida 32306<br />

Illustrated by<br />

Elizabeth Woods ma 11<br />

Copyright © 1986 The Florida State University.<br />

All rights reserved.

---

An Illustrated Guide<br />

to the<br />

Marine Decapod Crustaceans<br />

of Florida<br />

Part 2<br />

Lawrence G. Abele<br />

and<br />

Won Kim<br />

Florida State University<br />

Department of Biological Science<br />

Tallah<strong>as</strong>see, Florida 32306<br />

Illustrated by<br />

Elizabeth Woodsmall<br />

Copyright © 1986 The Florida State University.<br />

All rights reserved.

---

Contents<br />

List of Species i<br />

List of Species ii<br />

Introduction 1<br />

Brief Review of the Literature 1<br />

Methods and Materials. 2<br />

Cl<strong>as</strong>sification and Arrangement of Taxa 2<br />

Acknowledgments. 3<br />

Diagrammatic Illustration of a Shrimp 4<br />

Diagrammatic Illustration of a Crab 5<br />

Annotated Checklist of the Decapod Crustaceans of Florida 7<br />

Addendum to Checklist 69<br />

Key to Families of Florida Decapods 70<br />

Keys to Species of Florida Decapods 79<br />

Literature Cited 731<br />

Taxonomic Index 748

---

il List of Species<br />

Suborder Dendrobranchiata<br />

List of Species<br />

[See also Addendum to Checklist]<br />

Family Aristeidae<br />

1. Aristaeomorphafoliacea (Risso, 1827). . 7, 79, 81<br />

2. Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867).. 7, 79, 81<br />

Family Benthesicymidae<br />

3. Bentheogennema intermedia (Bate, 1888) ..7, 79, 81<br />

Family Penaeidae<br />

4. Funchaliavillosa (Bouvier, 1905) 7, 82, 95<br />

5. Metapenaeopsis gerardoi Perez Farfante, 1971 .7, 83, 87<br />

6. Metapenaeopsisgoodei (Smith, 1885)...... .. 7, 83, 87<br />

7. Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt, 1924) 7, 83, 87<br />

8. Parapenaeusamericanus(Rathbun, 1901) .7, 83, 89<br />

9. Parapenaeus politus Smith, 1881.. 7, 83, 89<br />

10. Penaeopsis serrata Bate, 1881 8, 82, 95<br />

11. Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 8, 84, 85, 91<br />

12. Penaeus br<strong>as</strong>iliensis Latreille, 1817 8, 84, 91<br />

13. Penaeus duorarum Burkenroad, 1939 8, 84, 85, 91<br />

14. Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus, 1767) 8, 84, 91<br />

15. Trachypenaeus constrictus (Stimpson, 1874) 8, 85, 93<br />

16. Trachypenaeus similis (Smith, 1885) 8, 85, 93<br />

17. Trachypenaeopsis mobilispinis (Rathbun, 1920) 8, 82, 95<br />

18; Xiphopenaeuskroyeri (Heller, 1862) 8, 82, 95<br />

Family Solenoceridae<br />

19. Hadropenaeus affinis (Bouvier, 1906) 8, 98, 101<br />

20. Hadropenaeus modestus (Smith, 1885) 8, 98, 101<br />

21. Hymenopenaeus aphoticus Burkenroad, 1936 9,98, 103<br />

22. Hymenopenaeus debilis Smith, 1882 ....9, 98, 103<br />

23. Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier, 1905) 9, 97, 107<br />

24. Pleoticus robustus (Smith, 1885) 9, 97, 107<br />

25. Solenocera atlantidis Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />

26. Solenocera necopina Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />

27. Solenocera vioscai Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />

Family Sicyoniidae<br />

28. Sicyonia brevirostris Stimpson, 1871 9, 109, 111<br />

29. Sicyonia burkenroadi Cobb, 1971 9, 109, 113<br />

30. Sicyonia dorsalis Kingsley, 1878 10, 109, 113<br />

31. Sicyonia laevigata Stimpson, 1871 10, 109, 111<br />

32. Sicyoniaparri(Burkenroad, 1934) ••. 10, 109, 111<br />

33. Sicyonia stimpsoni Bouvier, 1905 : 10, 109, 113<br />

34. Sicyonia typica (Boeck, 1864) 10, 109, 111<br />

Family Sergestidae<br />

35. Acetes americanus carolinae Hansen, 1933 10, 115, 123<br />

36. Sergestes armatus Kroyer, 1855 10, 116, 121<br />

37. Sergestes atlanticus H. Milne Edwards, 1830 10, 116, 119<br />

38. Sergestes edwardsii Kroyer, 1855. 10, 116, 121<br />

39. Sergestes henseni (Ortmann, 1893) 10, 116, 119<br />

40. Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudusCmsnier and Forest, 1973 10, 116, 119<br />

41. Sergestespectinatus Sund, 1920... 10, 116, 119<br />

42. Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si Ortmann, 1893 10, 116, 121

---

List of Species iii<br />

43. Sergestes vigilax Stimpson, 1860 11, 116, 121<br />

44. Sergia extenuatus Burkenroad, 1940..... 11, 117, 123<br />

45. Sergi<strong>as</strong>plendens Sund, 1920.. 11, 117, 123<br />

Family Luciferidae<br />

46. Luciferfaxoni Borradaile, 1915 11, 125, 126a<br />

47. Lucifer typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 11, 125, 126a<br />

Suborder Pleocyemata<br />

Infraorder Stenopodidea<br />

Family Stenopodidae<br />

48. Microprosthema semilaeve (Von Martens, 1872).. 11, 281, 283<br />

49. Odontozona libertae Gore, 1981 11,281,283<br />

50. Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811),.... 11, 281, 283<br />

51. Stenopus scutellatus Rankin, 1898 11, 281, 283<br />

Infraorder Caridea<br />

Family Atyidae<br />

52. Potimirim potimirim (Muller, 1881) ...11, 127, 129<br />

Family Oplophoridae<br />

53. Acanthephyrapurpurea A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 135<br />

54. Janicella spinicduda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883).. 12, 131, 135<br />

55. Oplophorus gracilirostris A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 133<br />

56. Oplophorus spinosus (Bridle, 1839) 12, 131, 133<br />

57. Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)... 12, 131, 135<br />

Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae<br />

58. Leptochela bermudensis Gwney, 1939... 12, 137, 139<br />

59. Leptochela carinata Ortmmn, 1893..... 12, 137, 139<br />

60. LeptochelapapulataCha.ce, 1976........ 12, 137, 139<br />

61. Leptochel<strong>as</strong>erratorbita Bate, 1888 12, 137, 139<br />

Family Bresiliidae<br />

62. Disci<strong>as</strong>atlanticusGurney, 1939...... 12, 141, 143<br />

63. Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostrisLebour, 1949 13, 141, 143<br />

64. PseudocheleschaceiKensley, 1983..... 13, 141, 143<br />

Family Eugonatonotidae<br />

65. Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 13, 145, 147<br />

Family Rhynchocinetidae<br />

66. Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936 13, 145, 147<br />

Family Gnathophyllidae<br />

67. GnathophylloidesmineriSchtmtt,1933............... 13, 149, 151<br />

68. Gnathophyllum americanum Gu6rin-Meneville, 1855...... 13, 149, 151<br />

69. Gnathophyllum circellum Manning, 1963............. 13, 149, 151<br />

70. Gnathophyllum modestum Hay, 1917... 13, 149, 151

---

iv List of Species<br />

Family Palaemonidae<br />

71. Anchistioides antiguensis (Schmitt, 1924) 13, 153, 191<br />

72. Brachycarpus biunguiculatus (Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849) 13, 152, 191<br />

73. Leanderpaulensis Ortmann, 1897 .. 13, 154, 163<br />

74. Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818) 13, 154, 163<br />

75. Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969 14, 153, 191<br />

76. Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) ., 14, 154, 165<br />

77. Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) 14, 154, 165<br />

78. MacrobrachiumcrenulatumUolihms, 1950 14, 154, 167<br />

79. Macrobrachium oH<strong>one</strong> (Smith, 1874)... 14, 154, 165<br />

80. Macrobrachiumolfersii (Wiegmann, 1836) 14, 154, 165<br />

81. Neopontonides beaufortensis (Borradaile, 1920)..... 14, 153, 191<br />

82. PalaemonfloridanusChacQ, 1942 14, 155, 169<br />

83. Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898). 14, 155, 169<br />

84. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermediusHolthuis, 1949...... 14, 155, 171<br />

85. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes paludosus (Gibbes, 1850) 14, 155, 171<br />

86. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tespugio Holthuis, 1949 14, 155, 171<br />

87. Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes vulgaris Say, 1818 . 15, 155, 171<br />

88. Periclimenaeus <strong>as</strong>cidiarwnHolthuis, 1951 15, 156, 173<br />

89. Periclimenaeus atlanticus (Rathbun, 1901)... 15, 157, 177<br />

90. Periclimenaeus bermudensis (Armstrong, 1940) 15, 156, 175<br />

91. Periclimenaeus caraibicus Holthuis, 1951 15, 156, 173<br />

92. Periclimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971 15, 156, 173<br />

93. Periclimenaeus maxillulidens (Schmitt, 1936) 15, 157, 177<br />

94. Periclimenaeuspearsei (Schmitt, 1932)..... 15, 156, 173<br />

95. Periclimenaeus perlatus (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1930) 15, 156, 175<br />

96. Periclimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951 15, 157, 175<br />

97. Periclimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917) 15, 156, 175<br />

98. Periclimenes americanus (Kingsley, 1878). 15, 158, 179<br />

99. Periclimenes harringtoni Lebour, 1949 16, 159, 181<br />

100. PericlimenesiridescensLebour, 1949 16, 159, 181<br />

101. Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860) 16, 158, 179<br />

102. Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 179<br />

103. Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 181<br />

104. Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958 16, 158, 179<br />

105. Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942 16, 159, 183<br />

106. Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924 16, 159, 181<br />

107. Periclimenesyucatanicus (Ives, 1891) 16, 159, 183<br />

108. Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850 16, 160, 185<br />

109. Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869 16, 160, 185<br />

110. Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880 16, 160, 185<br />

111. PontoniopsispaulaeGore, 1981 16, 153, 193<br />

112. Pseudocoutiereaantillensis Chace, 1972 17, 153, 193<br />

113. Tuleariocarisneglecta Chace, 1969 17, 152, 193<br />

114. Typton carneus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />

115. Typton distinctus Chace, 1972. 17, 161, 189<br />

116. Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />

117. Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />

118. Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911 17, 161, 187<br />

119. Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 189<br />

120. Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981 17, 153, 193<br />

Family Alpheidae<br />

121. Alpheopsis labis Chace, 1972 17, 195, 205<br />

122. Alpheopsis trispinosus (Stimpson, 1861) 17, 195, 205<br />

123. Alpheus amblyonyx Chace, 1972 17, 197,209<br />

124. Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901 17, 196,207

---

List of Species V<br />

125. Alpheus armillatus H. Milne Edwards, 1837. 17, 198,213<br />

126. Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />

127. Alpheus candei Guerin-Meneville, 1855 18, 197, 209<br />

128. Alpheus cristulifrons Rathbun, 1900 18, 198,211<br />

129. Alpheus cylindricus Kingsley, 1878 18, 196,207<br />

130. Alpheusestuariensis Christoffersen, 1984 18, 198,211<br />

131. Alpheus floridanus Kingsley, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />

132. Alpheusformosus Gibbes, 1850 18, 197,207<br />

133. Alpheus heterochaelis Say, 1818 18, 198, 213<br />

134. AlpheusmalleatorDana, 1852 18, 197,207<br />

135. AlpheusnormanniKingsley, 1878 18, 198,211<br />

136. Alpheus nuttingi (Schmitt, 1924) 18, 199,215<br />

137. Alpheus paracrinitus Miers, 1881 18, 199,215<br />

138. Alpheuspe<strong>as</strong>ei (Armstrong, 1940) 19, 197, 211<br />

139. Alpheus schmitti Chace, 1972 19, 199, 213<br />

140. Alpheus thom<strong>as</strong>i Hendrix and Gore, 1973 , 19, 197,209<br />

141. Alpheus viridari (Armstrong, 1949) 19, 198, 213<br />

142. Alpheus websteri Kingsley, 1880 19, 197,209<br />

143. Automate evermanni Rathbun, 1901. 19, 200, 217<br />

144. Automate gardineriCouti&e, 1902 19, 200, 217<br />

145. Automate rectifrons Chace, 1972 ... 19, 200, 217<br />

146. Leptalpheusforceps Williams, 1965 .. 19, 194, 229<br />

147. Metalpheus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890) 19, 194, 229<br />

148. Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong>Pequeznat and Heard, 1979 ............... 19, 201, 219<br />

149. Synalpheus apioceros Coutiere, 1909 19,203,227<br />

150. Synalpheus bousfieldi Chace, 1972 20, 202, 221<br />

151. Synalpheus brevicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 203, 225<br />

152. Synalpheus brooksi Coutiere, 1909 20 ,202, 221<br />

153. Synalpheus curagaoensis Schmitt, 1924 20, 203, 225<br />

154. Synalpheusfritzmuelieri Coutibre, 1909...... 20, 203, 227<br />

155. Synalpheus goodei Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 225<br />

156. SynalpheusheardiDardeau, 1984 20, 201, 219<br />

157. Synalpheus hemphilli Coutiere, 1909 .20, 203, 227<br />

158. Synalpheus herricki Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 223<br />

159. Synalpheus longicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 202, 223<br />

160. Synalpheus mcclendoni Coutiere, 1910 . 20 ,202, 221<br />

161. Synalpheus minus (Say, 1818) 20, 203, 225<br />

162. Synalpheuspandionis Coutiere, 1909 21, 202, 223<br />

163. SynalpheusparaneptunusCoutiere, 1909.... 21, 202, 223<br />

164. Synalpheuspectiniger Coutiere, 1907 21, 201, 219<br />

165. Synalpheusrathbunae Coutiere, 1909 21, 201, 219<br />

166. Synalpheus sanctithomae Coutiere, 1909 21 ,202,221<br />

167. Synalpheus townsendi Coutiere, 1909 21, 203, 227<br />

168. Thunor simus (Guenn-Meiieville, 1856) .....;..... 21, 194, 229<br />

Family Hippolytidae<br />

169. Bythocaris nana Smith, 1885 21,230,249<br />

170. Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948)... 21, 230, 249<br />

171. Hippolyte coerulescens (Fabricius, 1775).................. 21, 231, 237<br />

172. Hippolyte curagaoensis Schmitt, 1924..... 21, 231, 237<br />

173. Hippolyte nicholsoni Chace, 1972 21, 231, 237<br />

174. Hippolytepleuracanthus (Stimpson, 1871)...... 21, 231, 237<br />

175. Hippolyte zostericola (Smith, 1873) 22, 231, 239<br />

176. Latreutesfucorum (Fabricius, 1798) 22, 232, 241<br />

177. Latreutesparvulus (Stimpson, 1866).... 22, 232, 241<br />

178. Lysmata amboinensis (DeMan, 1888) ... 22, 233, 243<br />

179. Lysmata intermedia (Kingsley, 1878) 22, 233, 243

---

vi List of Species<br />

180. LysmatarathbunaeCha.ce, 1970 .. 22, 233, 243<br />

181. Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850) 22, 233, 243<br />

182. Merhippolyte americana Holthms, 1961 22, 230, 249<br />

183. Thor amboinensis (DeMan, 1888) 22, 234, 245<br />

184. Thor dobkini Chace, 1972 .. 22, 234, 245<br />

185. Thorfloridanus Kingsley, 1878 22, 234, 245<br />

186. Thormanningi Chace, 1972 22, 234, 245<br />

187. Tozeuma carolinense Kingsley, 1878 22, 235, 247<br />

188. Tozeuma cornutum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 22, 235, 247<br />

189. Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 23, 235, 247<br />

190. Trachycaris restrictus (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 23, 230, 249<br />

Family Ogyrididae<br />

191. Ogyrides alphaerostris (Kingsley, 1880) 23, 251, 253<br />

192. Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981 23, 251, 253<br />

Family Processidae<br />

193. Ambidexter symmetricus Manning and Chace, 1971 ,. ......23, 254, 261<br />

194. Nikoides schmitti Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 254, 261<br />

195. Processa bermudensis (Rankin, 1900) 23, 255, 257<br />

196. Processa fimbriata Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 257<br />

197. Processa guyanae Holthuis, 1959 23, 255, 259<br />

198. Processa hemphilli Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />

199. Processa profunda Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />

200. Processa riveroi Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />

201. Processa vicina Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />

Family Pandalidae<br />

202. Pantomus parvulus A. Milne Edwards, 1883 .24, 262, 269<br />

203. Plesionika acanthonotus (Smith, 1882) 24, 263, 265<br />

204. Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) 24, 263, 265<br />

205. Plesionika ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />

206. Plesionika escatilis (Stimpson, I860)........ 24, 263, 267<br />

207. Plesionika longicauda (Rathbun, 1901) 24, 263, 267<br />

208. Plesionika martia (A. Milne Edwards, 1883) 24, 263, 267<br />

209. Plesionika tenuipes (Smith, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />

210. Stylopandalus richardi (Coutiere, 1905) 24, 262, 269<br />

Family Crangonidae<br />

211. Crangon septemspinosa Say, 1818 25, 271, 273<br />

212. Metacrangonjacquetiag<strong>as</strong>sizii(Smith, 1882) 25, 271, 273<br />

213. Parapontocariscaribbaea (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927) 25, 271, 273<br />

214. Philocer<strong>as</strong> gorei (Dardeau, 1980).... 25, 271, 275<br />

215. Pontophilus brevirostris Smith, 1881 25, 271, 275<br />

Family Glyphocrangonidae<br />

216. Glyphocrangon haematonotus Holthuis, 1971 25, 277, 279<br />

217. Glyphocrangon longleyi Schmitt, 1931 25, 277, 279<br />

218. Glyphocrangon spinicauda A. Milne Edwards, 1881 25, 277, 279<br />

Infraorder Astacidea<br />

Family Nephropidae<br />

219. Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 25, 285, 287<br />

220. Metanephrops binghami (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927) 26, 285, 287<br />

221. Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881....... 26, 285, 287

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Infraorder Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea<br />

List of Species vii<br />

Family Axiidae<br />

222. Axiopsis hirsutimana (Boesch and Smalley, 1972) .. 26, 289, 291<br />

223. Axiopsis oxypleura (Williams, 1974) 26, 289, 291<br />

224. Axiopsis serratifrons (A. Milne Edwards, 1873) 26, 289, 291<br />

225. Coralaxius abelei Kensley and Gore, 1981 26, 289, 291<br />

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />

226. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus (Stimpson, 1866) 26, 294, 296, 299<br />

227. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica Rathbun, 1926 26, 294, 297, 301<br />

228. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis Biffar, 1971 26, 295, 305<br />

229. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri (Rathbun, 1900) .. 26, 295, 297, 303<br />

230. Callian<strong>as</strong>safragilis Biffar, 1970. ... 26,294,297, 301<br />

231. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutingaRodrigues, 1966 26, 294, 296, 299<br />

232. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense Schmitt, 1935 27, 295, 296, 303<br />

233. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris A. Milne Edwards, 1870 27, 294, 296, 299<br />

234. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa marginata Rathbun, 1901 ......27, 295, 296, 305<br />

235. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta Biffar, 1970 27,295,303<br />

236. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathbunae Schmitt, 1935 27, 294, 296, 299<br />

237. Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilobata Biffar, 1970 27, 295, 297, 303<br />

238. Callichirusislagrande (Schmitt, 1935) 27, 295, 296, 307<br />

239. Callichirus major (Sty, 1818) 27, 295, 296, 297, 307<br />

240. Gourretia latispina Pawson, 1967) .......27, 293, 296, 307<br />

Family Upogebiidae<br />

241. Upogebia affinis (Say, 1818) 27, 309, 311<br />

242. Upogebia operculata Schmitt, 1924 27, 309, 311<br />

Infraorder Palinura<br />

Family Palinuridae<br />

243. Justitia longimanus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837).... 27, 313, 315<br />

244. Panulirus argus (Ltixeille, 1804) .. .27,313, 315<br />

245. Panulirus guttatus (Latreille, 1804) 28, 313, 315<br />

246. Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille, 1817) 28, 313, 315<br />

Family Scyllaridae<br />

247. Parribacus antarcticus (Lund, 1793).. .28, 316, 321<br />

248. Scyllarides aequinoctialis(Lund, 1793).. 28, 317, 319<br />

249. Scyllarides nodifer (Stimpson, 1866) 28, 317, 319<br />

250. Scyllarus americanus (Smith, 1869) 28, 317, 321<br />

251. Scyllarus chacei Holthuis, 1960 28, 317, 321<br />

252. Scyllarus depressus (Smith, 1881) 28, 317, 321<br />

Family Synaxidae<br />

253. Palinurellus gK/uflacte (Von Martens, 1881) 28, 323, 325<br />

Infraorder Anomura<br />

Family Coenobitidae<br />

254. Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst, 1791) 28, 327, 329<br />

Family Diogenidae<br />

255. Calcinus tihicen (Herbst, 1791) 28, 330, 353<br />

256. Cancellus ornatusBenedict, 1901 .....28, 331, 337<br />

257. Cancellus viridis Mayo, 1973 ..". 29, 331, 337

---

Vlii List of Species<br />

258. Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1862 29, 331, 339<br />

259. Clibanarius cubensis (Saussure, 1858) 29, 331, 339<br />

260. Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850) 29, 331, 339<br />

261. Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802) 29,331,339<br />

262. Dardanusfucosus Biffar and Provenzano, 1972 29,332,341<br />

263. Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858) . 29, 332, 341<br />

264. Dardanus venosus(H.MilneEdwards, 1848).. 29,332,341<br />

265. Isocheles wurdemanni Stimpson, 1862 .....29, 330, 353<br />

266. Paguristes anomalus Bouvier, 1918 29, 334, 349<br />

267. Paguristes cadenati Forest, 1954 29, 334, 349<br />

268. PaguristeserythropsHolthuis, 1959 29, 334, 347<br />

269. Paguristes grayi Benedict, 1901 29, 334, 345<br />

270. Paguristes hernancortezi McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 29, 334, 349<br />

271. Paguristes hummiW<strong>as</strong>s, 1955. 30, 333, 343<br />

272. Paguristes inconstans McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 345<br />

273. Paguristes invisisacculus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 335, 353<br />

274. Paguristes laticlavus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 343<br />

275. Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974. 30, 334, 351<br />

276. Paguristes lymani A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 30, 333, 343<br />

277. Paguristes moorei Benedict, 1901 30, 333, 345<br />

278. Paguristes oxyophthalmus Holthuis, 1959 30, 333, 343<br />

279. Paguristes puncticeps Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 347<br />

280. Paguristes sericeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />

281. Paguristes spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />

282. Paguristes starcki Provenzano, 1965 30, 334, 351<br />

283. Paguristes tenuirostris Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 349<br />

284. Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933 31, 335, 351<br />

285. Paguristes triangulatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 31, 333, 345<br />

286. Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si Provenzano, 1961 31, 334, 351<br />

287. Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758) 31, 330, 353<br />

Family Lithodidae<br />

288. Paralomis cubensis Chace, 1939 31, 355, 357<br />

Family Paguridae<br />

289. Agaricochirus acanthinus McLaughlin, 1982 31, 361, 367<br />

290. Agaricochirus alexandri (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />

291. Agaricochirus boletifer (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />

292. Agaricochirus gibbosimanus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 367<br />

293. Anisopagurus bartletti (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 369<br />

294. Anisopagurus pygmaeus (Bouvier, 1918) 31, 361, 369<br />

295. Catapagurus sharrei A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 387<br />

296. Iridopagurus caribbensis (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 32, 362, 371<br />

297. Iridopagurus globulus De Saint Laurent-Dechance\ 1966 32, 362, 371<br />

298. Iridopagurus iris (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 32, 362, 371<br />

299. Iridopagurus reticulatus Garcia G6mez, 1983 32, 362, 371<br />

300. Iridopagurus violaceus De Saint Laurent-Dechanc6,1966 32, 362, 373<br />

301. Manucomplanus corallinus(Benedict, 1892) 32, 360, 387<br />

302. Nematopaguroidespusillus Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967..... 32, 359, 387<br />

303. Ostraconotus spatulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 389<br />

304. Pagurus annulipes (Stimpson, 1860) 32, 363, 379<br />

305. Pagurus brevidactylus (Stimpson, 1859).. 33, 363, 375<br />

306. Pagurus carolinensis McLaughlin, 1975 33, 363, 375<br />

307. Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852) 33, 363, 379<br />

308. Pagurusdefensus(Benedict, 1892).... 33, 364, 381<br />

309. Pagurus gymnodactylus Lemaitre, 1982 33, 363, 377<br />

310. Pagurus impressus (Benedict, 1892) 33, 363, 377<br />

311. Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1817 33, 364, 381

---

List of Species IX<br />

312. Pagurusmaclaughlinae Garcia Gdmez, 1982.. . 33, 363, 377<br />

313. Pagurus marshi Benedict, 1901 33, 363, 377<br />

314. PaguruspierceiWzss, 1963 33, 364, 381<br />

315. Pagurus politus (Smith, 1882) 33, 364, 379<br />

316. Paguruspollicaris Say, 1817 33, 363, 375<br />

317. Pagurus provenzanoi Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967 34, 362, 375<br />

318. Pagurus stimpsoni (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 364, 379<br />

319. Phimochirus holthuisi (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />

320. Phimochirus leurocarpus McLaughlin, 1981 34, 365, 383<br />

321. Phimochirus operculatus (Stimpson, 1859) 34, 365, 383<br />

322. Phimochirus randalli (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />

323. Pylopaguropsis atlanticaW<strong>as</strong>s, 1963 ..' 34, 359, 389<br />

324. Pylopagurus discoidalis (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 34, 359, 389<br />

325. Rhodochirus rosaceus (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)..... 34, 360, 389<br />

326. Solenopagurus lineatus (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 359, 391<br />

327. Tomopaguropsis problematica (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 359, 391<br />

328. Tomopagurus chacei (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 365, 387<br />

329. Tomopagurus cokeri (Hay, 1917) 34, 365, 385<br />

330. Tomopagurus cubensis (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) .. 35, 365, 385<br />

331. Tomopagurus rubropunctatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 35, 365, 385<br />

332. Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si McLaughlin, 1981 35, 365, 385<br />

Family Chirostylidae<br />

333. Uroptychus armatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 35, 393, 395<br />

Family Galatheidae<br />

334. Galathearostrata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35> 397, 409<br />

335. Munida angulata Benedict, 1902 35, 398,405<br />

336. Munida affinis A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 405<br />

337. Munidaforceps A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />

338. Munida iris iris A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />

339. Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a A. Milne Edwards, 1880... , 35, 398, 403<br />

340. Munida longipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 405<br />

341. Munida miles A. Milne Edwards, 1880 36, 397, 401<br />

342. Munidapusilla Benedict, 1902 36, 398, 403<br />

343. Munida santipauli Henderson, 1885 36, 397,401<br />

344. Munida simplex Benedict, 1902....... , 36, 398, 405<br />

345. Munida spinifrons Henderson, 1885 36, 397, 401<br />

346. Munida stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880..... 36, 398, 407<br />

347. Munida valida Smith, 1883... 36, 398, 401<br />

348. Munidopsis armata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)..... 36, 399,407<br />

349. Munidopsisplatirostris (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1894).... 36, 399, 407<br />

350. Munidopsis polita (Smith, 1883) 36, 399, 407<br />

Family Porcellanidae<br />

351. Euceramuspraelongus Stimpson, 1860 36, 410,425<br />

352. Megalobrachiumpoeyi (G\i6rin-M6nevMe, 1855)...... 37, 412, 415<br />

353. Megalobrachiumsoriatum (Say, 1818)............ 37,412,415<br />

354. Neopisosoma angustifrons (Benedict, 1901) 37, 410, 425<br />

355. Pachycheles ackleianus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 37, 412, 417<br />

356. Pachychelesmonilifer (Dana, 1852) 37,412,419<br />

357. Pachychelespilosus(H.MilneEdwards, 1837). 37, 412, 417<br />

358. Pachycheles riisei (Stimpson, 1858) 37, 412, 417<br />

359. Pachycheles rugimanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880....... ..37,412,417<br />

360. Parapetrolisthes tortugensis (Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945).... 37, 410, 425<br />

361. Petrolisthesarmatus (Gibbes, 1850) 37, 413, 421<br />

362. Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1802) 37, 413, 421<br />

363. Petrolisthes jugosus Streets, 1872 37, 413, 421

---

X List of Species<br />

364. Petrolisthes politus (Gray, 1831) .. 38, 413, 421<br />

365. Polyonyx gibbesi Haig, 1956 38, 410, 425<br />

366. Porcellana sayana (Leach, 1820) 38, 413, 423<br />

367. Porcellana sigsbeiana A. Milne Edwards, 1880. , 38,413,423<br />

368. Porcellana stimpsord A.MilneEdwards, 1880 38, 413, 423<br />

Family Albuneidae<br />

369. Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859 38, 427, 429<br />

370. Albunea/wm« Guerin-Meneville, 1853 38, 427, 429<br />

371. Lepidopa benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 427, 429<br />

372. Lepidopa websteri Benedict, 1903 38, 427, 429<br />

373. Zygopa michaelis Holthuis, 1960 38, 427, 431<br />

Family Hippidae<br />

374. Emerita benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />

375. Emeritaportoricensis Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />

376. Emerita talpoida (Say, 1817). 38, 433, 435<br />

377. Hippa cubensis(Smssure, 1857)... 38,433,435<br />

Infraorder Brachyura<br />

Family Dromiidae<br />

378. Dromia erythropus (George Edwards, 1771) 39, 437, 441<br />

379. Dromidia antillensis Stimpson, 1858 39, 437, 441<br />

380. Hypoconcha arcuata Stimpson, 1858 39, 437, 439<br />

381. Hypoconcha sabulosa (Herbst, 1799) 39, 437, 439<br />

382. Hypoconcha spinosissima Rathbun, 1933 39, 437, 439<br />

Family Homoiodromiidae<br />

383. Dicranodromia ovata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39, 443, 445<br />

Family Cymonomidae<br />

384. Cymonomus quadratus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39,443, 445<br />

385. Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi A. Milne Edwards andBouvier, 1899 39, 443, 445<br />

Family Cyclodorippidae<br />

386. Clythrocerus granulatus (Rathbun, 1898) 39, 447, 449<br />

387. Clythrocerus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39, 447, 449<br />

388. Clythrocerus stimpsoni Rathbun, 1937 39, 447, 449<br />

389. Tymolus antennaria (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39, 447, 449<br />

Family Homolidae<br />

390. Homola barbata (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 451, 453<br />

Family Latreilliidae<br />

391. Latreillia manningi Williams, 1982.... 40,451, 453<br />

Family Raninidae<br />

392. Lyreidus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40, 455, 459<br />

393. Ranilia constricta (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40, 455, 457<br />

394. Ranilia muricata H. Milne Edwards, 1837 40,455,457<br />

395. Raninoides loevis (Latreille, 1825) . 40, 455, 457<br />

396. Raninoides louisianensis Rathbun, 1933 40, 455, 457<br />

397. Symethis variolosa (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 455, 459

---

List of Species xi<br />

Family Dorippidae<br />

398. Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana A. Milne Edwards, 1880... 40, 461, 463<br />

399. Ethusa microphthalma Smith, 1881.. 40, 461, 463<br />

400. Ethusa tenuipes Rathbun, 1897 41, 461, 463<br />

401. Ethusa truncata A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899 41, 461, 463<br />

Family Calappidae<br />

402. Acanthocarpus alexandri Stimpson, 1871 . 41, 465, 469<br />

403. Acanthocarpus bispinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 ...41, 465, 469<br />

404. Calappa angusta A. Milne Edwards, 1880.... 41, 466, 471<br />

405. Calappaflammea (Herbst, 1794) I. 42, 466, 471<br />

406. Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803) 41, 466, 471<br />

407. Calappa ocellata Holthuis, 1958 41,466,473<br />

408. Calappa sulcata Rathbun, 1898 41, 466, 471<br />

409. Cycloes bairdii Stimpson, 1860 ... 41, 465, 477<br />

410. Hepatus epheliticus (Linnaeus, 1763) 41, 466, 475<br />

411. Hepatuspudibundus (Herbst, 1785) 41, 466, 475<br />

412. Osachila antillensis Rathbun, 1898 42, 467, 477<br />

413. Osachila semilevis Rathbun, 1916 42, 467, 477<br />

414. Osachila tuberosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 467, 477<br />

Family Leucosiidae<br />

415. Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per Stimpson, 1871 42, 479, 491<br />

416. Ebalia cariosa (Stimpson, 1860) 42,480,483<br />

417. Ebalia stimpsonii A. Milne Edwards, 1880 42,480,483<br />

418. Iliacantha intermedia Miers, 1886.. •... .. 42, 480, 485<br />

419. Iliacantha liodaptylusRathbun, 1898 42,480,485<br />

420. Iliacantha sparsa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 485<br />

421. Iliacantha subglobosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 485<br />

422. Lithadia cadaverosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 487<br />

423. Lithadia granulosa A. Milne Edwards, 1880.. 42, 480, 487<br />

424. Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, 1871 ,. 42, 479, 491<br />

425. Persephona crinita Rathbun, 1931.. 42,481,487<br />

426. Persephona mediterranea (Herbst, 1794) 43, 481, 487<br />

427. Speloeophorus elevatusRathbun, 1898.......... ,43, 481, 489<br />

428. Speloeophorus nodosus (Bell, 1855) 43, 481, 489<br />

429. Speloeophoruspontifer (Stimpson, 1871) 43, 481, 489<br />

430. Uhli<strong>as</strong> limbatus Stimpson, 1871 43, 479, 491<br />

Family Majidae<br />

431. AcanthonyxpetiveriiH. Milne Edwards, 1834 43,495, 545<br />

432. Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman, 1873) 43, 493, 545<br />

433. Aepinus septemspinosus (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 43,493, 547<br />

434. An<strong>as</strong>imus latus Rathbun, 1894 43, 494, 547<br />

435. Anomalothir furcillatus (Stimpson, 1871). 43, 493, 547<br />

436. Arachnopsis filipes Stimpson, 1871.... 43,493, 547<br />

437. Batrachonotusfragosus Stimpson, 1871 43, 493, 549<br />

438. Chorinus hews (Herbst, 1790) 44, 494, 549<br />

439. Coelocerus spinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875 44, 496, 549<br />

440. Collodes leptocheles Rathbun, 1894 .........44,497,509<br />

441. Collodes nudus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497<br />

442. Collodes obesus A. Milne Edwards, 1878 ........44, 497, 509<br />

443. Collodes robustus Smith, 1883 44, 497, 509<br />

444. Collodes trispinosus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497* 509<br />

445. Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 44, 498, 511<br />

446. Epialtus dilatatus A.Milne Edwards, 1878 44, 498, 511<br />

447. Epialtus dilatatus forma elongata Rathbun, 1923........ 44, 498, 513

---

xil List of Species<br />

448. Epialtus kingsleyi Rathbun, 1923 44, 498, 511<br />

449. Epialtus longirostris Stimpson, 1860 .....44, 498, 511<br />

450. Euprognatha gracilipes A. Milne Edwards, 1878 .. 44, 499, 513<br />

451. Euprognatha r<strong>as</strong>tellifera Stimpson, 1871 45,499, 513<br />

452. Hemus cristulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1875 45, 495, 549<br />

453. Inachoidesforceps A. Milne Edwards, 1879 ....45, 494, 551<br />

454. Leptopisa setirostris (Stimpson, 1871) 45,496, 551<br />

455. Libiniadubia H.Milne Edwards, 1834 45, 499, 515<br />

456. Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815. 45, 499, 515<br />

457. Libinia erinacea (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 45, 499, 515<br />

458. Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />

459. Macrocoeloma diplacanthum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />

460. Macrocoeloma eutheca (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />

461. Macrocoeloma laevigatum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />

462. Macrocoeloma septemspinosum (Stimpson, 1871).... 45, 500, 521<br />

463. Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 500, 517<br />

464. Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum (Latreille, 1825) 46, 500, 517<br />

465. Macrocoeloma trispinosum nodipes (Desbonne, 1867) 46, 500, 517<br />

466. Macrocoeloma trispinosum, variety 46, 500, 517<br />

467. Metoporhaphis calcarata (Say, 1818) 46, 494, 551<br />

468. Microphrys antillensis Rathbun, 1920 46, 501, 521<br />

469. Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille, 1825) 46, 501, 521<br />

470. Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson, 1870 46, 501, 523<br />

471. Mithrax caribbaeusRathbun, 1900.... ...46, 502, 527<br />

472. Mithrax cinctimanus (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 502, 527<br />

473. Mithrax comutus Saussure, 1857 46, 501, 523<br />

474. Mithrax coryphe (Herbst, 1801) 46, 503, 529<br />

475. Mithrax forceps (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 47, 503, 529<br />

476. Mithrax hemphilli Rathbun, 1892 47, 502, 525<br />

477. Mithrax hispidus (Herbst, 1790) 47, 502, 525<br />

478. Mithrax holderi Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 525<br />

479. Mithrax pilosus Rathbun, 1892 .........47, 501, 523<br />

480. Mithrax pleuracanthus Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 527<br />

481. Mithrax ruber (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 503, 529<br />

482. Mithrax sculptus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 503, 529<br />

483. Mithrax spinosissimus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 501, 523<br />

484. Mithrax tortugae Rathbun, 1920 47, 502, 527<br />

485. Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832 47, 501, 502, 525<br />

486. Mocosoa crebripunctata Stimpson, 1871 47, 495, 551<br />

487. Nibilia antilocapra (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 494, 553<br />

488. Oplopisa spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1879 48,494, 553<br />

489. Pelia mutica (Gibbes, 1850) 48, 494, 553<br />

490. Picroceroides tubularis Miers, 1886 48, 495, 553<br />

491. Pitho aculeata (Gibbes, 1850) 48, 504, 531<br />

492. Pitho anisodon (Von Martens, 1872) ..48, 504, 531<br />

493. Pitho laevigata (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 48, 504, 531<br />

494. Pitho Iherminieri (Schramm, 1867) 48, 504, 531<br />

495. Pitho mirabilis (Herbst, 1794) 48, 504, 533<br />

496. Pitho quadridentata (Mien, 1879) .48, 504, 533<br />

497. Podochela curvirostris (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 48, 505, 535<br />

498. Podochela gracilipes Stimpson, 1871 48, 505, 535<br />

499. Podochela lamelligera (Stimpson, 1871) 48, 505, 535<br />

500. Podochela macrodera Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 535<br />

501. Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 537<br />

502. Podochela sidneyi Rathbun, 1924 49, 505, 537<br />

503. Pyromaia arachnaRathbun, 1924 49, 506, 539<br />

504. Pyromaia cuspidata Stimpson, 1871..... 49, 506, 539

---

List of Species xiii<br />

505. Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)... 49, 506, 541<br />

506. Rochinia hystrix (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />

507. Rochinia tanneri (Smith, 1883) 49, 506, 541<br />

508. Rochinia umbonata (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />

509. Sphenocarcinus corrosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875. 49, 495, 555<br />

510. Stenocionopsfurcata coelata (A. Milne Edwards, 1878). 49, 507, 543<br />

511. Stenocionops furcata furcata (Olivier, 1791)........ 49, 507, 543<br />

512. Stenocionops spinimana (Rathbun, 1892) ... 50, 507, 543<br />

513. Stenocionops spinosissima (Saussure, 1857) 50, 507, 543<br />

514. Stenorhynchus seticornis (Herbst, 1788) 50,494, 555<br />

515. Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margarilifera (Monod, 1939) 50,495, 555<br />

516. Thoe puella Stimpson, 1860 , 50, 495, 555<br />

517. Tyche emarginata White, 1847 50, 495, 557<br />

Family Parthenopidae<br />

518. Cryptopodia concava Stimpson, 1871 50, 558, 565<br />

519. Heterocrypta granulata (Gibbes, 1850) 50, 558, 565<br />

520. Leiolambrus nitidus Rathbun, 1901 50, 558, 565<br />

521. Mesorhoea sexspinosa Stimpson, 1871 50, 558, 565<br />

522. Parthenope agona (Stimpson, 1871) 50, 559, 561<br />

523. Parthenopefraterculus (Stimpson, 1871)..... ...51, 559, 563<br />

524. Parthenope granulata (Kingsley, 1879) 51, 559, 561<br />

525. Parthenope pourtalesii (Stimpson, 1871) 51, 559, 561<br />

526. Parthenope serrata(H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 51, 559, 561<br />

527. Solenolambrus decemspinosus Rathbun, 1894 51, 559, 563<br />

528. Solenolambrus typicus Stimpson, 1871 ........51, 559, 563<br />

529. Solenolambrus tenellus Stimpson, 1871 51, 559, 563<br />

530. Tutankhamen cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 51, 558, 567<br />

Family Atelecyclidae<br />

531. Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne Edwards, 1880..... 51, 569, 571<br />

Family Cancridae<br />

532. Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 51, 569, 571<br />

533. Cancer irroratus Say, 1817 52, 569, 571<br />

Family Geryonidae<br />

534. Geryonfenneri Manning and Hothuis, 1984.. 52, 569, 571<br />

Family Portunidae<br />

535. Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818)... 52, 572, 589<br />

536. Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871 52, 572, 589<br />

537. Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti Rathbun, 1931 52, 572, 589<br />

538. Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879.. 52, 573, 577<br />

539. Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 52, 573, 579<br />

540. Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus (Gerstaecker, 1856). 52, 573, 579<br />

541. CallinecteslarvatusOrdwy, 1863 52, 573, 577<br />

542. Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863 52, 573, 579<br />

543. Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 52, 573, 577<br />

544. Callinectes similis Williams, 1966 53, 573, 577<br />

545. Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818) \. 53, 573, 581<br />

546. Cronius tumidulus (Stimpson, 1871) 53, 573, 581<br />

547. Ovalipesfloridanus Hay and Shore, 1918 53, 574, 581<br />

548. Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976... 53, 574, 581<br />

549. Portunus anceps (Saussure, 1858) 53, 574, 583<br />

550. Portunus binoculus Holthuis, 1969 53, 575, 587<br />

551. Portunus depressifrons (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 575, 585<br />

552. Portunusfloridanus Rathbun, 1930.. 53, 575, 585<br />

553. Portunus gibbesii (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 574, 583

---

xiv List of Species<br />

554. Portunus ordwayi (Stimpson, 1860) 53, 575, 587<br />

555. Portunus sayi (Gibbes, 1850) 53, 574, 583<br />

556. Portunussebae(H.MilneEdwards, 1834) 54, 575, 585<br />

557. Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871) 54, 575, 587<br />

558. Portunus- spinimanus Latreille, 1819 54, 575, 587<br />

559. Portunus ventralis (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) ....54, 574, 585<br />

560. Portunus vocans (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 54, 574, 583<br />

Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae<br />

561. Chacellus filiformis Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 595<br />

562. Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus(Dana, 1852)... 54, 592, 595<br />

563. Euphrosynoplax clausa Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 597<br />

564. Euryplax nitida Stimpson, 1859 54, 592, 597<br />

565. Frevillea barbata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 54, 593, 595<br />

566. Frevillea hirsuta (Borradaile, 1916) 54, 593, 595<br />

567. Glyptoplax smithii A. Milne Edwards, 1880. 54, 592, 597<br />

568. G<strong>one</strong>plax sigsbei (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) .. 54, 591, 597<br />

569. Nanoplaxxanthiformis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)....... ..55, 591, 599<br />

570. Neopilumnoplaxamericana (Rathbun, 1898) 55, 591, 599<br />

571. Panoplax depressa Stimpson, 1871 55, 592, 599<br />

572. Pilumnoplax elata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 55, 591<br />

573. Pseudorhombila quadridentata (Latreille, 1828) 55, 592, 599<br />

574. Sotoplax robertsi Guinot, 1984.... 55, 592, 601<br />

575. Speocarcinus lobatus Guinot, 1969 55, 592, 601<br />

576. Thal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta Guinot, 1969.... 55, 591, 601<br />

577. Trapezioplax tridentata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880).. 55, 592, 601<br />

Family Xanthidae<br />

578. Actaeaacantha(R. Milne Edwards, 1834) 55, 607, 615<br />

579. Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898 55, 607, 615<br />

580. Allactaea lithostrota Williams, 1974 55, 604, 649<br />

581. Banareia palmeri (Rathbun, 1894) 56, 604, 649<br />

582. Carpilius corallinus (Herbst, 1783) 56, 603, 651<br />

583. Carpoporus papulosus Stimpson, 1871 56, 604, 651<br />

584. Cataleptodiusfloridanus (Gibbes, 1850) 56, 604, 651<br />

585. Chlorodiella longimana (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 56, 605, 653<br />

586. Domecia acanthophora acanthophora (Desbonne and Schramm, 1867) 56, 606, 653<br />

587. Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781) 56, 606, 653<br />

588. Etisus maculatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 605, 653<br />

589. Eurypanopeus abbreviatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 607, 617<br />

590. Eurypanopeus depressus (Smith, 1869) .56, 607, 617<br />

591. Eurypanopeus dissimilis (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 56, 607, 617<br />

592. Eurypanopeus turgidus (Rathbun, 1930) 56, 607, 617<br />

593. Eurytium limosum (Say, 1818) 56, 606, 655<br />

594. Glyptoxanthus erosus (Stimpson, 1859) 57,603, 655<br />

595. Heteractaea ceratopus (Stimpson, 1860) 57, 604, 655<br />

596. Hexapanopeus angustifrons (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 57, 608, 621<br />

597. Hexapanopeus caribbaeus (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 608, 619<br />

598. Hexapanopeus hemphillii (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 57, 608, 621<br />

599. Hexapanopeus lobipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 57, 608, 619<br />

600. Hexapanopeuspaulensis Rathbun, 1930 57, 608, 619<br />

601. Hexapanopeus quinquedentatus Rathbun, 1901 57, 608, 621<br />

602. Leptodius parvulus (Fabricius, 1793) 57, 604, 655<br />

603. Lobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 606, 657<br />

604. Melybia thalamita Stimpson, 1871 57, 606, 657<br />

605. Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818) 57, 608, 623<br />

606. Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 58, 608, 623<br />

607. Micropanope barbadensis (Rathbun, 1921) 58, 609, 627

---

608. Micropanope lobifrons A. Milne Edwards, 1880... .. ,. . 58, 609, 625<br />

609. Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898) 58, 609, 627<br />

610. Micropanopepusilla A. Milne Edwards, 1880 ....58, 609, 625<br />

611. Micropanope sculptipes Stimpson, 1871 58, 609, 625<br />

612. Micropanope spinipes A.Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />

613. Micropanope urinator (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 58, 609, 627<br />

614. Neopanope packardii (Kingsley, 1879) 58, 609, 629<br />

615. Neopanope sayi (Smith, 1869) 58, 609, 629<br />

616. Neopanope texana (Stimpson, 1859) 58, 609, 629<br />

617. Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857 58, 610, 631<br />

618. Panopeus bermudensis Benedict and Rathbun, 1891 .59, 610, 631<br />

619. Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869 59, 611, 635<br />

620. Panopeus herbstii H. Milne Edwards, 1834.... .59, 610, 631<br />

621. Panopeus lacustris Desbonne, 1867 59, 610, 633<br />

622. Panopeus obesus Smith, 1869 59, 610, 633<br />

623. Panopeus occidentalis Saussure, 1857 59, 611, 635<br />

624. Panopeus rugosus A. Milne Edwards, 1880.... 59, 610, 633<br />

625. Panopeus ttm/wo/u Rathbun, 1930..... 59, 610, 631<br />

626. Paractaea rufopunctata nodosa (Stimpson, 1860) 59, 604, 657<br />

627. Paraliomeradispar (Stimpson, 1871) 59, 611, 637<br />

628. Paraliomera longimana (A. Milne Edwards, 1865) 60, 611, 637<br />

629. Pilumnoides nudifrons (Stimpson, 1871) 60, 606, 657<br />

630. Pilumnus caribaeus Desbonne and Schramm, 1867 60, 612, 641<br />

631. Pilumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus Kingsley, 1879 60, 612, 641<br />

632. Pilumnus floridanus Stimpson, 1871. 60, 612, 643<br />

633. Pilumnus gemmatus Stimpson, 1860 ... 60, 612, 641<br />

634. Pilumnus holosericus Rathbun, 1898 60, 612, 643<br />

635. Pilumnus lacteus Stimpson, 1871 60, 612, 643<br />

636. Pilumnus longleyi Rathbun, 1930 60, 611, 639<br />

637. Pilumnus marshi Rathbun, 1901 ....60, 611, 639<br />

638. Pilumnus nudimanus Rathbun, 1900.. 60, 611, 639<br />

639. Pilumnus pannosus Rathbun, 1896 60, 612, 643<br />

640. Pilumnus sayi Rathbun, 1897 . 60, 612, 641<br />

641. Pilumnus spinosissimus Rathbun, 1898.... .60, 611, 639<br />

642. Platyactaea setigera (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)...... .61, 603, 659<br />

643. Platypodiella spectabilis (Herbst, 1794) 61, 603, 659<br />

644. Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (A. Milne Edwards, 1880).... 61, 613, 645<br />

645. Pseudomedaeus distinctus (Rathbun, 1898)..... 61, 613, 645<br />

646. Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) 61, 605, 659<br />

647. Tetraxanthus bidentatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880). 61, 613, 647<br />

648. Tetraxanthus rathbunaeChace, 1939 61, 613, 647<br />

649. Xantho denticulata White, 1847 61, 603, 659<br />

Family Gecarcinidae<br />

650. Cardisoma guanhumi Latreille, 1825 61, 661, 663<br />

651. Gecarcinuslateralis(Freminville, 1835) 61, 661, 663<br />

652. Gecarcinusruricola (Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 661, 663<br />

Family Grapsidae<br />

653. Aratuspisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)..... ., 62, 665, 675<br />

654. Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 62, 665, 675<br />

655. Euchirograpsus americanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880.. 62, 666, 669<br />

656. Euchirograpsus antillensis Turkay, 1975 62, 666, 669<br />

657. Geograpsus lividus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) .....62, 665, 675<br />

658. Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802) 62, 665, 675<br />

659. Grapsusgrapsus(Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 665, 677<br />

660. Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858) 62, 666, 669<br />

661. Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850)... 63, 666, 669<br />

XV

---

XVI List of Species<br />

662. Percnon gibhesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) 63, 665, 677<br />

663. Plagusia depressa (Fabricius, 1775) ..63, 665, 677<br />

664. Planes minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) . 63, 665, 679<br />

665. Platychirograpsus spectabilis De Man, 1896 63, 665, 679<br />

666. Sesarma benedicti Rathbun, 1897 63, 667, 671<br />

667. Sesarma cinereum (Bosc, 1802) ..." 63, 667, 671<br />

668. Sesarma curaqaoense De Man, 1892 63, 667, 673<br />

669. Sesarma miersii Rathbun, 1897 ..' . .63, 667, 671<br />

670. Sesarma reticulatum (Say, 1817) 63, 667, 673<br />

671. Sesarma ricordi H. Milne Edwards, 1853 63, 667, 671<br />

Family Pinnotheridae<br />

672. Dissodactylus borradailei Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />

673. Dissodactylus crinitichelis Moreka, 1901 64, 682, 689<br />

674. Dissodactylus mellitae (Rathbun, 1900) 64, 682, 689<br />

675. Dissodactylus primitivus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />

676. Dissodactylus rugatus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />

677. Dissodactylus stebbingi Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />

678. Fabia byssomiae (Say, 1818) 64, 682, 691<br />

679. Fabia tellinae Cobb, 1973 64, 682, 691<br />

680. Orthotheres strombi (Rathbun, 1905) 64, 681,705<br />

681. Parapinnixa bouvieri Rathbun, 1918 64, 683, 693<br />

682. Parapinnixa hendersoni Rathbun, 1918 64, 683, 693<br />

683. Pinnaxodes floridensis Wells and Wells, 1961 64, 681, 705<br />

684. Pinnixa chacei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 : 64, 683, 695<br />

685. Pinnixa chaetopterana Stirnpson, 1860 64, 684, 699<br />

686. Pinnixa cristata Rathbun, 1900.. 65, 683, 695<br />

687. Pinnixa cylindrica (Say, 1818) 65, 684, 697<br />

688. Pinnixa floridana Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 697<br />

689. Pinnixa leptosynaptae W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968 65, 683, 695<br />

690. Pinnixa lunzi Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937 65, 684, 697<br />

691. Pinnixa pearsei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 65, 684, 699<br />

692. Pinnixa retinens Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 695<br />

693. Pinnixa sayana Stirnpson, 1860... 65, 684, 697<br />

694. Pinnotheres hemphilli Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 703<br />

695. Pinnotheres maculatus Say, 1818 65, 685, 701, 703<br />

696. Pinnotheres moseri Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 701<br />

697. Pinnotheres ostreum Say, 1817 65, 685, 701, 703<br />

698. Pinnotheres shoemakeriRathbun, 1918 65, 685, 703<br />

Family Ocypodidae<br />

699. Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787) 66, 707, 717<br />

700. Uca burgersi Uolthuis, 1967 66, 709, 715<br />

701. Uca leptodactyla Rathbun, 1898 66, 707, 711<br />

702. Uca longisignalis Salmon and Atsaides, 1968 66, 708, 713<br />

703. Uca minax (Le Conte, 1855) , 66, 709, 715<br />

704. Ucapanacea Novak and Salmon, 1974 66, 707, 711<br />

705. Ucapugilator (Bosc, 1802). 66, 707, 711<br />

706. Ucapugnax (Smith, 1870) 66, 709, 715<br />

707. Uca rapax (Smith, 1870) 66, 709, 715<br />

708. Uca speciosa (Ives, 1891) 66, 708, 713<br />

709. Uca spinicarpa Rathbun, 1900 66, 708, 713<br />

710. Uca thayeriRathbun, 1900 67, 708, 711<br />

711. Uca vocator(Herbst, 1804) 67,708,713<br />

712. Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) 67, 707, 717

---

List of Species XVII<br />

Family Palicidae<br />

713. Palicus affinis A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899 , 67, 718, 721<br />

714. PalicusalternatusRathbun, 1897.. 67, 718, 721<br />

715. Palicus cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 67, 718, 721<br />

716. Palicus cursor (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) ... 67, 719, 723<br />

717. Palicus dentatus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 67, 718, 723<br />

718. Palicusfaxoni Rathbun, 1897 67, 718, 723<br />

719. Palicus floridana (Rathbun, 1918) 67, 719, 725<br />

720. Palicus gracilis (Smith, 1883) 67,719,725<br />

721. Palicus obesus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)..... 67, 718, 723<br />

722. Palicus sica (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 68, 718, 721<br />

Family Cryptochiridae<br />

723. Pseudocryptochiruscorallicola(Veml\, 1908) 68, 727, 729<br />

724. Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus Shaw and Hopkins, 1977 68, 727, 729

---

There are more species of shrimps, lobsters,<br />

and crabs in the marine waters of the state of<br />

Florida than in any other region of the<br />

continental United States. This great diversity<br />

is the result of three factors: (1) Florida's<br />

co<strong>as</strong>tline is extensive; (2) a tremendous<br />

number of marine habitats occurs in Florida;<br />

and (3) two biogeographic regions come<br />

together in Florida, the northern Carolinian<br />

and the southern Caribbean (or West Indian).<br />

The total number of decapods in the marine<br />

Published work on the decapod crustaceans<br />

occuring in Florida dates from the earliest<br />

explorations by Europeans in the Caribbean<br />

and western Atlantic. Many of these<br />

contained brief descriptions and even some<br />

illustrations (e. g., Sloane, 1725), which were<br />

given nomenclatural status by Linnaeus<br />

(1758). Many of the species described by<br />

Gibbes (1850), Stimpson (1860,1871), and<br />

Kingsley (1878) occurred in the marine waters<br />

of Florida. Professor H. E. Webster collected<br />

along the gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, and these<br />

collections were published on by Kingsley<br />

(1879). Additional Florida collections were<br />

reported on by Ives (1891). The Blake<br />

expeditions included Florida material, which<br />

w<strong>as</strong> published by A. Milne Edwards and<br />

Bouvier(1893,1897,1902,1909,1923).<br />

Modern published work dealing explicitly<br />

with Florida marine decapods is scattered.<br />

Chace (1942a) described five new species of<br />

decapods from the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />

W<strong>as</strong>s (1955) published an annotated list of the<br />

decapods of northwestern Florida and<br />

described three new species. Provenzano<br />

(1959) reviewed the hermit crabs of Florida<br />

and described <strong>one</strong> new species. Hulings<br />

(1961) added several new records from deeper<br />

water in the northe<strong>as</strong>tern gulf. Wells and<br />

Wells (1961) described a new species of crab<br />

from the northern gulf, <strong>as</strong> did Salmon and<br />

Atsaides (1968) and Novak and Salmon<br />

(1974). Although not dealing specifically<br />

Introduction<br />

Brief Review of the Literature<br />

shallow waters of Florida is probably close to<br />

900 (see Methods and Materials).<br />

The literature on Florida's decapods is<br />

scattered and incomplete and often lacks keys<br />

or illustrations. The present contribution is an<br />

attempt to remedy this situation. We have<br />

compiled a checklist, keys, and illustrations of<br />

all marine, shallow-water (< 300 m) decapod<br />

crustaceans known to occur in Florida, a total<br />

of 724 species.<br />

with Florida, William's (1965a) excellent<br />

volume on the decapods of the Carolin<strong>as</strong><br />

contains a tremendous amount of information<br />

relevant to the Florida fauna. The 1984<br />

revision of this work (Williams, 1984)<br />

extended the coverage to include the<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />

Beginning in the 1970's, there w<strong>as</strong> a virtual<br />

explosion of information on Florida decapods.<br />

Biffar (1971a, 1971b) reviewed the<br />

callian<strong>as</strong>sids of Florida. Abele(1971,1972a,<br />

1972b, 1972c, 1973) reviewed the status of<br />

some palaemonids, xanthids, atyids, and<br />

grapsids in Florida. McLaughlin and<br />

Provenzano (1974a, 1974b), and McLaughlin<br />

and co-workers (McLaughlin, 1981a, 1981b,<br />

1982; Garcia-G6mez, 1982; Lemaitre, 1982;<br />

Lemaitre et al., 1982) provided extensive<br />

information on the hermit crabs of Florida.<br />

Beginning in 1973, Robert H. Gore published<br />

a series of papers on the decapods of the<br />

Indian River region of Florida, including a<br />

major work on parthenopid crabs (e. g.,<br />

Hendrix and Gore, 1973; Gore 1977,1979,<br />

1981; Gore and Wilson, 1978; Gore and<br />

Scotto, 1979; Kensley and Gore, 1981).<br />

Mayo (1973) reviewed the genus Cancellus<br />

including Florida material. Additional data on<br />

Florida decapods can be found in Rouse<br />

(1970) and in the results of the Hourgl<strong>as</strong>s<br />

cruises (e. g., Lyons, 1970; Cobb, 1971,<br />

1973; Cobb et al., 1973).<br />

1

---

2<br />

The checklist is derived from several sources.<br />

First, it is b<strong>as</strong>ed on a search of the literature,<br />

and we have cited these sources in the text.<br />

Additions were made b<strong>as</strong>ed on our own<br />

collections, those of Dr. Patsy McLaughlin,<br />

and those housed in the following institutions:<br />

the Smithsonian Institution's National<br />

Museum of Natural History (SI-NMNH); the<br />

State of Florida's Department of Natural<br />

Resources Collections in St. Petersburg,<br />

Florida; and the collections of Harbor Branch<br />

Foundation's Indian River Co<strong>as</strong>tal Z<strong>one</strong><br />

Museum in Fort Pierce, Florida.<br />

Keys were prepared from the literature<br />

sources cited in the headings of the keys and<br />

verified by us in so far <strong>as</strong> w<strong>as</strong> possible.<br />

This volume is intended <strong>as</strong> an identification<br />

guide, and we wished to provide a standard<br />

format for the illustrations. The illustrations<br />

were therefore re-drawn from the sources<br />

Methods and Materials<br />

cited. We were able to locate source<br />

illustrations for 722 of the 724 species,<br />

although they varied in quality. We were<br />

unable to locate specimens or illustrations of<br />

the majid crab Collodes nudus and the<br />

g<strong>one</strong>placid crab Pilwnnoplax elata. We urge<br />

our readers to verify their identifications using<br />

the primary literature. The scaling is in a<br />

standard format: a single line indicates that the<br />

scale is in millimeters, and a double line<br />

indicates centimeters; the number of units is<br />

indicated by the number of tick marks shown<br />

on the scale.<br />

We made every effort to indicate all species<br />

known from Florida's marine waters. The<br />

checklist, however, is not complete for three<br />

re<strong>as</strong>ons: (1) we were working on a time<br />

schedule and could not search indefinitely; (2)<br />

there are numerous undescribed species that<br />

are either currently being studied or in<br />

museums, and we did not believe it<br />

appropriate to include these; and (3) we are<br />

sure that we simply missed some species.<br />

Cl<strong>as</strong>sification and Arrangement of Taxa and Illustrations<br />

We have generally followed the cl<strong>as</strong>sification<br />

given in Bowman and Abele (1982) and the<br />

arrangement in Abele and Felgenhauer (1982).<br />

Within families we have arranged the genera<br />

(and species within genera) alphabetically.<br />

The illustrations are grouped by family and<br />

follow the key to that family. They are<br />

grouped by genera and within genera by the<br />

sequence mat they occur in the key with the<br />

following exception: Genera containing a<br />

single species are grouped together at the end<br />

of the family. This w<strong>as</strong> d<strong>one</strong> simply to save<br />

space.<br />

Taxonomic nomenclature follows the most<br />

recent revision available unless general useage<br />

dictates otherwise. This is an identification<br />

guide not a revision.

---

We owe a great debt to the many authors<br />

whose work is cited in this volume. We thank<br />

the following individuals for their comments:<br />

David Camp, Fenner A. Chace, Jr., Michael<br />

Dardeau, Isabel Perez Farfante, Darryl Felder,<br />

Bruce Felgenhauer, Brian Kensley, Patsy<br />

McLaughlin, Raymond Manning, Jody<br />

Martin, Paula Mikkelsen, and Austin<br />

Williams. A special word of thanks is due<br />

David Camp, Patsy Mclaughlin, and Paula<br />

Mikkelson for comparing our checklist with<br />

collections under their care <strong>as</strong> well <strong>as</strong> for<br />

providing detailed information on species and<br />

keys. All errors are our own.<br />

A special thanks also to Landon Ross of the<br />

Florida Department of Environmental<br />

Regulation for efforts above and beyond the<br />

Acknowledgements<br />

call of duty in <strong>as</strong>sisting with the completion of<br />

this project. Similar thanks to Steve Wolfe for<br />

the extensive work involved in the production<br />

of this volume.<br />

We thank Lisa Velez for her help in library<br />

research and for entering thousands of<br />

references into our computerized literature<br />

system. Anne Thistle typed the keys and<br />

legends, patiently revising them numerous<br />

times. This work w<strong>as</strong> supported, in part, by<br />

the Department of Environmental Regulation,<br />

State of Florida, through a contract<br />

administered by the Florida Institute of<br />

Government. Partial support w<strong>as</strong> provided by<br />

the National Science Foundation grant no.<br />

BSR 85-08430.<br />

3

---

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5'<br />

gr<br />

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---

immovable finger*;<br />

antennule<br />

anterolateral border^ frontal<br />

orbital \<br />

'epi-<br />

hepatic<br />

movable finger<br />

protog<strong>as</strong>tric<br />

mesog<strong>as</strong>tric<br />

\ metag<strong>as</strong>tric /<br />

- ..••"'.'" >..:;uro-.'..•

---

Checklist of the Decapod Crustaceans of Florida<br />

SUBORDER<br />

DENDROBRANCHIATA<br />

FAMILY ARISTEIDAE<br />

Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso, 1827)<br />

Description: Zariquiey Alvarez, 1968:42, figs.<br />

22a, b, 24a.--Holthuis, 1980b:8.<br />

Type-locality: Vicinity of Nice.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay<br />

to NW Africa and the entire Mediterranean.<br />

Western Atlantic: South of M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to<br />

the Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico,<br />

Caribbean Sea and off Venezuela. Indo-West<br />

Pacific: E<strong>as</strong>t Africa to Japan, Australia, New<br />

Zealand and Fiji (Holthuis, 1980b).<br />

Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867)<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:292,<br />

figs. 98,99a, b.--Holthuis, 1980b:ll.<br />

Type-locality: Madeira<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: Portugal to<br />

South Africa; (not in the Mediterranean).<br />

Western Atlantic: Grand Bank (43°42"N) to<br />

Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of South America (Holthuis, 1980b).<br />

Indo-West Pacific: off e<strong>as</strong>t Africa to Japan,<br />

Australia.<br />

FAMILY BENTHESICYMIDAE<br />

Bentheogennema intermedia (Bate, 1888<br />

Description: Bate, 1888:343, pi. 58: fig. S.­<br />

Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970:39.<br />

Type-locality: Off Siera Le<strong>one</strong>, 01°47*N,<br />

24 0 26*W; 3386 m; Challenger station 106.<br />

Distribution: Appears to be distributed<br />

worldwide; probably pelagic (Roberts and<br />

Pequegnat, 1970); Florida (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

FAMILY PENAEIDAE<br />

Funchalia villosa (Bouvier, 1905)<br />

Description: Burkenroad, 1936:129<br />

Type-locality: Between Canary Islands and<br />

Azores.<br />

Distribution: Adults are known from the<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern and western North Atlantic,<br />

Mediterranean, the south central South<br />

Atlantic, and the Caribbean; larvae known<br />

from the western North Atlantic and South<br />

Pacific. Florida (personal communication, D.<br />

K. Camp, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Checklist 7<br />

Metapenaeopsis gerardoi Perez Farfante, 1971<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1971:20, figs.<br />

11,12,13c.<br />

Type-locality: Off Mayaguez, Puerto Rico,<br />

18°8.5' , N, 67°23'W.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>, Florida Keys, West<br />

Indies, and Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Central and<br />

South America (Perez Farfante, 1971).<br />

Metapenaeopsis goodei (Smith, 1885)<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1971:9, figs. 4-<br />

8.-Williams, 1984:36,37, figs. 17-18.<br />

Type-locality: Bermud<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; between Capes<br />

Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout, North Carolina,<br />

through Florida Straits and along west Florida<br />

to Pensacola; Isla de Lobos reef, Veracruz<br />

(Ray, 1974), around Yucatan Peninsula,<br />

through Caribbean Sea, and along South<br />

American co<strong>as</strong>t to EspMto Santo, Brazil<br />

(Coelho and Ramos, 1972; Williams, 1984).<br />

Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt, 1924)<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1924a:62, figs, lb, c,<br />

2a, c.~P6rez Farfante, 1971: 29, figs. 13E,<br />

18-22.<br />

Type-locality: Carac<strong>as</strong> Baai, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and southe<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Florida to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, mostly near islands;<br />

western Caribbean; Lesser Antilles (Chace,<br />

1972).<br />

Parapenaeus americanus (Rathbun, 1901)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1909:231.<br />

Type-locality: Off Mayaguez Harbor, Puerto<br />

Rico, 412 m. Fish Hawk Stn. 6070.<br />

Distribution: 40°03'N, 70°49 r W northern<br />

Uruguay, 33°26'S, 59°58'W; Puerto Rico; St.<br />

Lucia; Martinique.<br />

Parapenaeus politus Smith, 1881<br />

Description: P6rez Farfante, 1982:200, figs.<br />

3-5.--Williams, 1984:37, fig. 19.<br />

Type-locality: Off "Martha's Vineyard"<br />

(Smith, 1885) 39°55 , 00"N, 70°54*15"W, 260 m.<br />

Distribution: Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through Gulf of Mexico; Gulf<br />

of Paria off Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />

Florida (personal communication, P. M.<br />

Mikkelsen).

---

8 Checklist<br />

Penaeopsis serrata Bate, 1881<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1980b:748, figs.<br />

28-36.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados, "Gulf of<br />

Mexico", Blake Stn. 275, 399 m.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: from e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Barngate, New Jersey south of Martha's<br />

Vineyard, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through the Gulf of<br />

Mexico and the Caribbean south to French<br />

Guiana; off Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.<br />

E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: from south of Cabo San<br />

Vicent, Portugal, to off Cadiz, Spain and off<br />

the northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Africa to Tamzak<br />

("Tamxat"), Mauritania (P6rez Farfante,<br />

1980b).<br />

Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891<br />

Description: P6rez Farfante, 1969:527, figs.<br />

39-43,46-48,50.»Williams, 1984:24, figs.<br />

9,10.<br />

Type-locality: Veracruz, Mexico.<br />

Distribution: Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts around Florida Peninsula to<br />

northwestern Yucatan (Williams, 1984).<br />

Penaeus br<strong>as</strong>iliensis Latreille, 1817<br />

Description: P6rez Farfante, 1969:562, figs.<br />

68,75,76.~Williams, 1984:28, figs. 11-12.<br />

Type-locality: Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>,<br />

North Carolina to Florida Keys, off<br />

Campeche and Yucatan; through Caribbean<br />

Sea to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Penaeus duorarum Burkenroad, 1939<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1969:499, figs.<br />

20-22,25-27,30-31.- Williams, 1984:28,<br />

29, figs. 13-14.<br />

Type-locality: Off Mobile Bay, Alabama<br />

(29°15'N and 88°1 l'W, 36.5 m Atlantis Stn.<br />

2813).<br />

Distribution: Lower Chesapeake Bay through<br />

Florida Straits, around Mexico to Cape<br />

Catoche and Isla Mujeres at the tip of Yucatan<br />

Peninsula (Williams, 1984).<br />

Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus, 1767)<br />

Description: P6rez Farfante, 1969:468, figs.<br />

4-1 l.-Williams, 1984:32, figs. 15-16.<br />

Type-locality: Off Matanz<strong>as</strong> Inlet, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Fire Island, New York, to Saint<br />

Lucie Inlet, Florida; near Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida (rarely); Gulf of Mexico from<br />

Ochlocknee River, Florida, to Campeche,<br />

Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />

Trachypenaeus constrictus(Stimpson, 1874)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:38, figs. 20,21.<br />

Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Tangier Sound, Chesapeake<br />

Bay, to Veracruz, Mexico; Bermuda; Cuba,<br />

Puerto Rico and Sombrero Island; Surinam;<br />

off Ceara, Sao Paulo, and Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Trachypenaeus similis (Smith, 1885)<br />

Description: Burkenroad, 1934:96, figs. 10,11.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Paria, Venezuela,<br />

10°37'40"N, 61°42'40"W.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico to Estado do<br />

Para\ Brazil.<br />

Trachypeneopsis mobttispinis (Rathbun,<br />

1920)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1920:320, figs. 1, 2a-c<br />

--Chace, 1972:10.<br />

Type-locality: Cave Round Bay, Saba.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Bay of Campeche<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tward to Cuba, Cay Sal Bank, Turks,<br />

Saba, Barbuda, Jamaica, Virgin Islands and<br />

Saint Christopher Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />

Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:40, figs. 22,23.<br />

Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Between Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />

Lookout, North Carolina, through Gulf of<br />

Mexico and Caribbean Sea to Ponta do<br />

Zimbro, Santa Catarina, Brazil (P6rez<br />

Farfante, 1978).<br />

FAMILY SOLENOCERIDAE<br />

Hadropenaeus affinis (Bouvier, 1906)<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:317 figs.<br />

9,43,44A, 45-49.<br />

Type-locality: Off Cape Verde Island<br />

(16°53N, 25°10'W,410-460 m).<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: from off Cape<br />

Lookout, North Carolina southward to the<br />

Straits of Florida, in the northe<strong>as</strong>tern part of<br />

the Gulf of Mexico and throughout Caribbean.<br />

E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: off Cape Verde Islands<br />

(Perez Farfante, 1977).<br />

Hadropenaeus modestus (Smith, 1885)<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:323, figs.<br />

9,44,46,49-52.<br />

Type-locality: Off Bethany Beach, Delaware,<br />

38°31'N, 73°21'W, 285 m. Fish Hawk Stn.<br />

1047.<br />

Distribution: Off Delaware Bay, to the Straits

---

of Florida, and in the Gulf of Mexico,<br />

northwest of Charlotte Harbor, Florida;<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong> throughout the Caribbean to off<br />

Barra Grande, Brazil (Perez Farfante, 1977).<br />

Hymenopenaeus aphoticus Burkenroad,<br />

1936<br />

Description: P6rez Farfante, 1977:275, figs.<br />

4C, 8-12.<br />

Type-locality: Turks Island P<strong>as</strong>sage, 1,646-<br />

1,728 m, 21°15'40"N, 71°17'06"W, Pawnee<br />

Stn.54.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: southwest<br />

Florida throughout the Gulf of Mexico, and<br />

Caribbean Sea. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: south of the<br />

Azores Islands and off Morocco. (P6rez<br />

Farfante, 1977).<br />

Hymenopenaeus dehilis Smith, 1882<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:268 figs.<br />

2, 3,4B, 5-9.<br />

Type-locality: Syntypes: SE of Savannah<br />

Beach, Georgia, 31 o 57'00 M N, 78°18 , 35"W,<br />

609 m, Blake Stn. 317; SE of Cape Fear,<br />

North Carolina, 33°19'00"N, 76°13 , 30 M W,<br />

836 m, Blake Stn. 323; E of Cape Fear, North<br />

Carolina 33°42'15"N, 76°00'50"W, 849 m,<br />

Blake Stn. 326.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: from Hudson<br />

Canyon, New Jersey (39°55'N, 70°31'W)<br />

through Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />

Guyana (08°14'N, 57°38W). E<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Atlantic: Azores Islands and northwest Africa<br />

from Cape Spartel, Morocco, to Cape Verde<br />

Islands, including Canary Islands (P6rez<br />

Farfante, 1977).<br />

Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier, 1905)<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:332, figs.<br />

56-58, 60-63.-Williams, 1984:18, fig. 5.<br />

Type-locality: Mer des Antilles (Perez<br />

Farfante 1977).<br />

Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina, 34°43N, 76°40 , W, through<br />

Florida Straits to Alabama; off Cape Catoche<br />

and Baham<strong>as</strong> through Caribbean Sea and<br />

along co<strong>as</strong>t of South America to Rio Grande<br />

do Sul, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pleoticus robustus (Smith, 1885)<br />

Description: Perez Farfante, 1977:297, figs.<br />

9,29-36.<br />

Type-locality: South of Cur<strong>as</strong>ao ll o 43'00"N,<br />

69°09'30"W, 380 m., Albatross Stn. 2125.<br />

Distribution: South of Martha's Vineyard,<br />

Checklist 9<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through Gulf of Mexico, and<br />

the Caribbean to French Guiana (P6rez<br />

Farfante, 1977).<br />

Solenocera atlantidis Burkenroad, 1939<br />

Description: Perez Farfante and Bullis,<br />

1973:20, figs. 11,13,14.- Williams,<br />

1984:19, fig. 6.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off Alabama,<br />

29°45'N, 88°!!^, 37 m. Atlantis Stn. 281.<br />

Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North<br />

Carolina, around Gulf of Mexico and<br />

Caribbean Sea to Cananeia, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />

(Perez Farfante and Bullis, 1973).<br />

Solenocera necopina Burkenroad, 1939<br />

Description: P6rez Farfante and Bullis,<br />

1973:14, figs. 7, 9, 10.- Williams, 1984:20,<br />

fig. 7.<br />

Type-locality: Off Mobile Bay, Alabama,<br />

29°16 , N, 87°54'W, 229 m. Atlantis Stn.<br />

2377.<br />

Distribution: South of New England<br />

(40°04*N, 70°29W) through Gulf of Mexico<br />

and Caribbean Sea to Rio Grande do Sul,<br />

Brazil and Uruguay (Williams, 1984; Perez<br />

Farfante, 1977).<br />

Solenocera vioscai Burkenroad, 1939<br />

Description: Perez Farfante and Bullis,<br />

1973:3, figs. 1A, B, 3.-Williams, 1984:21,<br />

fig. 8.<br />

Type-locality: About 5 mi. (8km) off P<strong>as</strong>s a<br />

L'outre, Louisiana, 27 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina, to Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida (but<br />

rare off Florida); northern and western Gulf of<br />

Mexico to Tab<strong>as</strong>co (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY SICYONIIDAE<br />

Sicyonia brevirostris Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:43, figs. 25, 26.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Off Norfolk, Virginia, through<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong> to Southern Cuba; around Gulf of<br />

Mexico to southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; Campeche Banks<br />

to Isla Contoy, Yucatan; doubtful record of its<br />

occurrence on Pacific Co<strong>as</strong>t of southern<br />

Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />

Sicyonia burkenroadi Cobb, 1971<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:46, fig. 27.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off Port Isabel,<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>, 26°13'N, 96°45*W, 42 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North

---

10 Checklist<br />

Carolina, 34°12'N, 76°11W, through Gulf of<br />

Mexico to Bahia, Brazil (Perez Farfante<br />

1980a); occ<strong>as</strong>ionally <strong>as</strong> deep <strong>as</strong> 585 m.<br />

Sicyonia dorsalis Kingsley, 1878<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:46, fig. 28.<br />

Type-locality: Fort Jefferson, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina<br />

to Tex<strong>as</strong>; Colombia to French Guiana; Ceara<br />

to Santos and Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Sicyonia laevigata Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:47, fig. 29.<br />

Type-locality: Charleston, South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />

to northwest Florida; through West Indies to<br />

Colombia, and Santa Catarina, Brazil (Perez<br />

Farfante 1980a). Pacific Co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama.<br />

Sicyonia parti (Burkenroad, 1934)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:48, fig.30.<br />

Type-locality: Crooked Island, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina<br />

through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />

Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Sicyonia stimpsoni Bouvier, 1905<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:49, fig. 31.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados, 13°03 , 05 ,, N,<br />

59 0 36'18"W, 185 m.<br />

Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong> through<br />

Florida Straits, and including west Florida, to<br />

Barbados and Columbia to Surinam<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Sicyonia typica (Boeck, 1864)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:49, fig.32.<br />

Type-locality: Molde Fjord, west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Norway (err<strong>one</strong>ous locality, evidently<br />

incorrectly labeled).<br />

Distribution: Off Wrightsville Beach, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico; Cuba<br />

through West Indies to near Ilha de Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY SERGESTIDAE<br />

Acetes americanus carolinae Hansen, 1933<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:50, fig. 33.<br />

Type-locality: Beaufort Inlet (about 34°47*N),<br />

North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Lower Chesapeake Bay<br />

(Mobjack Bay and York River) through Gulf<br />

of Mexico to Panama, Surinam and French<br />

Guiana (Williams, 1984).<br />

Sergestes armatus Kroyer, 1855<br />

Description: Kensley, 1971:232, fig. 8.<br />

Type-locality: Tropical Atlantic.<br />

Distribution: North Atlantic, Mediterranean,<br />

off Azores and Canaries, South Atlantic.<br />

Florida (85-250 m) (personal communication,<br />

P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergestes atlanticus H. Milne Edwards, 1830<br />

Description: Kensley, 1971:234, fig. 9.<br />

Type-locality: Near Azores.<br />

Distribution: Mediterranean, North Atlantic,<br />

off Azoresand Canaries, Sag<strong>as</strong>sum Sea, Off<br />

Cape Point. Florida (75-250 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergestes edwardsii Kroyer, W5S<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:320,<br />

figs. 108b, 100b-c,110c-d.<br />

Type-locality: Tropical Atlantic from 3<br />

degrees S to 10 degrees N.<br />

Distribution: Atlantic Ocean; also reported<br />

from the Indo-Pacific and E<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific but<br />

there is some question about the identity of<br />

material outside of the Atlantic (Crosnier and<br />

Forest, 1973). Florida (65-300 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergestes henseni (Ortmann, 1893)<br />

Description: Ortmann, 1893:38, pi. 3: fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: North Atlantic off West Africa.<br />

Distribution: Mediterranean; north Atlantic;<br />

western and southern Atlantic; (Crosnier and<br />

Forest, 1973). Florida (85-250 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudus Crosnier and<br />

Forest, 1973<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:313,<br />

figs. 105d, 106c-d,f.<br />

Type-locality: Tropical e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic;<br />

Ol^'M^O'EjO-SOm.<br />

Distribution: Tropical e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic; Florida<br />

(85-250 m) (personal communication, P. M.<br />

Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergestes pectinatus Sund, 1920<br />

Description: Kensley, 1971:240, fig. 13.<br />

Type-locality: "Atlantic Ocean, equatorial<br />

region."<br />

Distribution: Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum Sea, North Atlantic,<br />

Off Canaries, Azores. Florida (85-250 m)<br />

(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si Ortmann, 1893<br />

Description: Hansen, 1922:148, pi. 9: fig. 2a-p

---

Type-locality: Off Florida, Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum Sea.<br />

Distribution: NE Atlantic, Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum Sea;<br />

Florida (75-750 m) (personal communication,<br />

P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergestes vigttax Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Hansen, 1922:159, pi. 1: fig. 8.<br />

Type-locality: Off the Azores.<br />

Distribution: NE Atlantic, Indian Ocean from<br />

Gulf of Aden to Geylon and Gocos-Keeling<br />

Island; Florida (65-300 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergio, extenuatus Burkenroad, 1940<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:338,<br />

figs. 112e-f, 113b, 114g.<br />

Type-locality: Off the Ivory Co<strong>as</strong>t, 03°45'S,<br />

10WW.<br />

Distribution: Tropical e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic (Gabon<br />

to Angola); Florida (85-250 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Sergia splendens Sund, 1920<br />

Description: Kensley, 1971:260, fig. 23.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown<br />

Distribution: North Atlantic, Mediterranean<br />

(off Monaco), off Table Bay. Florida (85-250<br />

m) (personal communication, P. M.<br />

Mikkelsen).<br />

FAMILY LUCIFERIDAE<br />

Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:52, fig. 34.<br />

Type-locality: Hampton Roads, Virginia<br />

(Chace 1972).<br />

Distribution: "Co<strong>as</strong>tal waters of North and<br />

South America from Long Island Sound to<br />

Rio de Janeiro," around Gulf of Mexico and<br />

throughout Caribbean Sea (probably<br />

widespread); Bermuda and scattered mid-<br />

Atlantic occurrences in path of Gulf Stream;<br />

Bay of Dakar, Senegal (Bowman and<br />

McCain, 1967).<br />

Lucifer typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />

Description: Bowman and McCain,<br />

1967:660, figs, la, b, 2-7.<br />

Type-locality: Tropical North Atlantic.<br />

Distribution: Warmer open waters of the<br />

north and south Atlantic oceans approximately<br />

between the 40 degrees parallels. Unlike<br />

L. faxoni, this species is not usually found in<br />

inshore waters (Bowman and McCain, 1967).<br />

Checklist 11<br />

SUBORDER PLEOCYEMATA<br />

INFRAORDER<br />

STENOPODIDEA<br />

FAMILY STENOPODIDAE<br />

Microprosthema semilaeve (Von Martens,<br />

1872)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1946:54, pi. 3: fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>, southern Florida, and<br />

Yucatan to Fernando de Noronha, Brazil<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Odontozona lihertae Gore, 1981<br />

Description: Gore, 1981:153, figs. 4a-c, 5a-l.<br />

Type-locality: Elbow Reef, off Key Largo,<br />

Monroe County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:54, fig. 35.<br />

Type-locality: "Austral<strong>as</strong>iatic se<strong>as</strong>."<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic from North<br />

Carolina (Kruczynski and Jenner, 1969) and<br />

Bermuda, southern Florida through Gulf of<br />

Mexico (Ray, 1974) to Fernando de Noronha<br />

and Espirito Santo, Brazil (Coelho and<br />

Ramos, 1972). Indo-Pacific from Durban,<br />

South Africa, and Red Sea, to Japan, Hawaii,<br />

western Australia south to ~24 degrees South<br />

and e<strong>as</strong>tern Australia <strong>as</strong> far south <strong>as</strong><br />

Shellharbour, New South Wales, through<br />

New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Lord Howe<br />

Island, northern New Zealand, to Tuamotu<br />

Archipelago (Yaldwyn, 1968; Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Stenopus scutellatus Rankin, 1898<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:56, fig. 36.<br />

Type-locality: Silver Cay, New Providence,<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; South Carolina<br />

(Wenner and Read, 1982); Gulf of Mexico to<br />

Fernando de Noronha and Rio Grande do<br />

Norte, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

INFRAORDER CARIDEA<br />

FAMILY ATYIDAE<br />

Potimirim potimirim (Miiller, 1881)<br />

Description: Villalobos, 1960:327.--Abele,<br />

1972c:215, figs. 3D, 4.

---

12 Checklist<br />

Type-locality: Rio Itahai Itahai, state of Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Rio Itahai Itahai, State of Santa<br />

Catarina, and Rio Gurjau, Recife, state of<br />

Pernambuco, Brazil; introduced into the<br />

freshwaters of southern Florida (Abele,<br />

1972c).<br />

FAMILY OPLOPHORIDAE<br />

Acanthephyra purpurea A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1881<br />

Description: Chace, 1940a: 134, figs. 11-17.<br />

Type-locality: Berleng<strong>as</strong> Island, off the West<br />

Co<strong>as</strong>t of Portugal, 2590 m.<br />

Distribution: North Atlantic between about<br />

20° and 53° N latitude (Chace, 1940a).<br />

Florida (85-250 m over 750 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1883)<br />

Description: Chace, 1986: figs. 23,24.<br />

Type-locality: Off C<strong>as</strong>ablanca, Morocco:<br />

Travailleur Stn. 65; 34°13 , 30"N, 7°43'00"W,<br />

636 m, muddy sand.<br />

Distribution: Apparently widespread<br />

mesopelagically in the tropical se<strong>as</strong> of the<br />

world (except in the e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific off the<br />

Americ<strong>as</strong>) (Chace, 1986).<br />

Oplophorus gracilirostris A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1881<br />

Description: Chace, 1986: figs. 32a-32c.<br />

Type-locality: Off Dominica, Lesser Antilles,<br />

216 m.<br />

Distribution: Off southe<strong>as</strong>tern Africa, Indian<br />

Ocean, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia, Philippines, southern<br />

Japan, Fiji Islands, Hawaii, Gulf of Mexico,<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong>, Caribbean Sea; mesopelagic<br />

(Chace, 1986).<br />

Oplophorus spinosus (Brulld, 1839)<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:25.<br />

Type-locality: Canary Islands (Holthuis,<br />

1949b).<br />

Distribution: Indian Ocean, southern Japan,<br />

off Hawaii, seamounts west of North<br />

America, and northe<strong>as</strong>t of E<strong>as</strong>ter Island,<br />

western and e<strong>as</strong>tern subtropical North<br />

Atlantic, central South Atlantic; mesopelagic<br />

(Chace, 1986). Florida (150 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debttis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)<br />

Description: Chace, 1986: figs. 34g-i, 35 e-f.<br />

Type-locality: "... trouvee a une profondeur<br />

de 500 br<strong>as</strong>ses dans le canal de Bahama."<br />

Distribution: South Africa, Indian Ocean,<br />

Philippines, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia, Hawaii, western<br />

Atlantic from south of Greenland to Gulf of<br />

Mexico and Baham<strong>as</strong> and e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic<br />

from the Faeroe Islands to Angola;<br />

mesopelagic (Chace, 1986).<br />

FAMILY PASIPHAEIDAE<br />

Leptochela bermudensisGurney, 1939<br />

Description: Chace, 1976:7, figs. 5-7.<br />

Type-locality: Seven miles south of Bermuda<br />

between 1000 m and surface.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda to Barbados and<br />

southwestern Gulf of Mexico (Chace, 1976).<br />

Leptochela carinata Ortmann, 1893<br />

Description: Chace, 1976:45, figs. 35-37.--<br />

Williams, 1984:59, fig. 39.<br />

Type-locality: Off Baia de Marajo, Para,<br />

Brazil, 50-100 m.<br />

Distribution: Georges Bank; South Carolina;<br />

Gulf of Mexico through Baham<strong>as</strong> to Para,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Leptochela papulata Chace, 1976<br />

Description: Chace 1976:26, figs. 22-24.<br />

Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, 34°35 , 30"N, 75°45'30"W, 59 m.<br />

Distribution: Georges Bank off Cape Cod,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts (Fontaine, 1977); North<br />

Carolina to Georgia; e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Leptochela serratorbita Bate, 1888<br />

Description: Chace, 1976:36, figs. 29-31.~<br />

Williams, 1984:58, fig. 38.<br />

Type-locality: Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina; South<br />

Carolina; western Gulf of Mexico and Florida<br />

Keys to Leeward Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY BRESILIIDAE<br />

Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanticus Gurney, 1939<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:62, fig. 41.<br />

Type-locality: The Reach, Bermuda.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; off Savannah,<br />

Georgia, off Fort Pierce, Florida;<br />

Guadeloupe; Cape Verde Islands and Gabon;<br />

off northern Kenya (Bruce, 1975; Gore and<br />

Wilson, 1978); (Williams, 1984).

---

Disci<strong>as</strong> sermtirostris Lebour, 1949<br />

Description: Wilson and Gore, 1979:311, fig. 1<br />

Type-locality: Off C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads, Bermuda.<br />

Distribution: 3 mi. off C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads,<br />

Bermuda, Vero Beach, Indian River County,<br />

on the central e<strong>as</strong>tern co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />

Pseudocheles chacei Kensley, 1983<br />

Description: Kensley, 1983:22, figs. 18-22.<br />

Type-locality: Looe Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Looe Key, Florida to Carrie<br />

Bow Cay, Belize.<br />

FAMILY EUGONATONOTIDAE<br />

Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1881)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1881:10.--<br />

Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927:106, figs. 22,23.<br />

Type-locality: Caribbean Sea, off Grenada,<br />

419 m, Blake Stn. 249.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>, Guian<strong>as</strong>, and<br />

westward into e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico,<br />

Yucatan, and Hondur<strong>as</strong>; 26°28'N, 84°42'W,<br />

228 m; 26°20'N, 84°42'W, 216 m, from<br />

stomach of Epinephalus flavolimbatus.<br />

(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Pacific: from Borneo through the Philippines<br />

to Japan.<br />

FAMILY RHYNCHOCINETIDAE<br />

Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936<br />

Description: Gordon, 1936:75, figs. 1-7.--<br />

Manning, 1961a: 1, figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Pontinha Bay, Madeira Island.<br />

Distribution: Florida; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Virgin<br />

Islands; Bermuda; Madeira and Azores.<br />

FAMILY GNATHOPHYLLIDAE<br />

Gnathophylloides mined Schmitt, 1933<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1933:7, fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: Coral reefs at Ballena Point,<br />

Ensenada, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida, Yucatan,<br />

and Caribbean Sea (Chace, 1972).<br />

Gnathophyllum amerkanum Guerin-<br />

Meneville, 1855<br />

Description: Manning, 1963:58, figs. 5,6.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>, southern Florida,<br />

Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea; Canary<br />

Islands and Indo-Pacific region from the Red<br />

Sea to the Tuamotu Archipelago (Chace,<br />

1972).<br />

Checklist 13<br />

Gnathophyllum circellum Manning, ^63<br />

Description: Manning, 1963:54,figs.-J,4.<br />

Type-locality: Alligator Reef, Monroe<br />

County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys and Great Exuma<br />

Island, Baham<strong>as</strong> (Chace, 1972).<br />

Gnathophyllum modestum Hay, 1917<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:90, fig. 62.<br />

Type-locality: 20 mi. SW Beaufort, North<br />

Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina<br />

(Williams, 1984); Florida Middle Grounds,<br />

Panama City and Biscayne Bay Florida<br />

(Dardeau et al., 1980).<br />

FAMILY PALAEMONIDAE<br />

Anchistioides antiguensis (Schmitt, 1924)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:78, fig. 52.<br />

Type-locality: English Harbor, Antigua.<br />

Distribution: Off Charleston, South Carolina<br />

(Wenner and Read, 1982); off west Florida<br />

through West Indies to Maranhao,<br />

Pernambuco, and Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Coelho and<br />

Ramos, 1972); Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Brachycarpus biunguiculatus (Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:63, fig. 42.<br />

Type-locality: Oran and B<strong>one</strong>, Algeria.<br />

Distribution: Virtually pantropical (Bruce,<br />

1974); e<strong>as</strong>t and west American co<strong>as</strong>ts,<br />

Mediterranean; West Africa; and Indo-Pacific<br />

region. Western Atlantic distribution: Cape<br />

Fear, North Carolina, western Gulf of Mexico<br />

(Ray, 1974; Pequegnat and Ray, 1974)<br />

through West Indies to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao and Old<br />

Providence Island; Bermuda (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Leander paulensis Ortmann, 1897<br />

Description: Manning, 1961b:525.~ Chace,<br />

1972: 19.<br />

Type-locality: Sao Paulo, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Sandy Key B<strong>as</strong>in, in Florida<br />

Bay off Flamingo, Florida; Sao Paulo, Brazil.<br />

Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:65, fig. 43.<br />

Type-locality: Newfoundland Banks.<br />

Distribution: Tropical and subtropical waters<br />

all over world except for west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Americ<strong>as</strong>; Newfoundland Banks (occ<strong>as</strong>ionally<br />

mouth of Bay of Fundy and New England;<br />

Wigley, 1970; Williams and Wigley, 1977) to

---

14 Checklist<br />

Falkland Islands in Western Atlantic<br />

(Holthuis, 1952; Bruce, 1974; Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969<br />

Description: Chace, 1969:263, figs, 8, 9.<br />

-Shawetal., 1977:284, figs. 1-2.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico: westnorthwest<br />

of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 25° 13^,<br />

83°55W.<br />

Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico off<br />

Florida; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Brazil (Shaw et al.,<br />

1977).<br />

Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann,<br />

1836)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:66, fig. 44-45.<br />

Type-locality: Brazilian co<strong>as</strong>t.<br />

Distribution: Neuse River estuary, North<br />

Carolina, to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1952:114, pi. 30, pi.<br />

31: figs. a-c.<br />

Type-locality: "in Americal fluviis" (restricted<br />

to Jamaica by Holthuis, 1952).<br />

Distribution: Distribution of this species lies<br />

<strong>large</strong>ly beyond the temperate e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />

United States. The range extends from St.<br />

Augustine, St Johns County, and Silver Glen<br />

Springs, Marion County, Florida, southward<br />

around the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea<br />

to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Macrobrachium crenulatum Holthuis, 1950<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1952:107, pi. 27:<br />

figs, a-d, pi. 28.<br />

Type-locality: Rio Peje Bobo, Panama.<br />

Distribution: West Indies, Panama, and<br />

Venezuela. Indian River, Ft. Pierce, Florida<br />

(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Macrobrachium ohi<strong>one</strong> (Smith, 1874)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:68, fig. 46.<br />

Type-locality: Ohio River at Cannelton,<br />

Indiana.<br />

Distribution: A narrow z<strong>one</strong> along Atlantic<br />

seaboard from James River, Hopewell,<br />

Virginia (Hobbs and M<strong>as</strong>smann, 1952), to<br />

southern Georgia; widespread from co<strong>as</strong>tal<br />

Alabama to Arans<strong>as</strong> Bay, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Mississippi<br />

River and tributaries upstream to McCurtain<br />

County, Oklahoma, Fort Smith, Arkanses; St.<br />

Louis, Missouri; W<strong>as</strong>hington County, Ohio<br />

(Hedgpeth, 1949; Williams, 1984).<br />

Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:70, figs. 47-48.<br />

Type-locality: "Brazilian Co<strong>as</strong>t."<br />

Distribution: Lower Cape Fear River near<br />

Southport, North Carolina; Florida; Louisiana;<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>; Veracruz, Mexico, to Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil. Villalobos (1969) gave a distributional<br />

map for this and related species (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Neopontonides beaufortensis Borradaile,<br />

1920)<br />

Descriptionj Williams, 1984:80, fig. 53.<br />

Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

Grand Isle, Louisiana; Caledonia Bay,<br />

Panama; Antigua (Williams, 1984).<br />

Palaemon floridanus Chace, 1942<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1952:197, pi. 48:<br />

figs. a-j.<br />

Type-locality: Captiva Island, W Florida.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />

Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1952:192, pi. 47.--<br />

Chace, 1972:21.<br />

Type-locality: N<strong>as</strong>sau, New Providence,<br />

Bahama Islands.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Florida to Estado<br />

deSao Paulo, Brazil (Chace, 1972).<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermedins Holthuis, 1949<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:75, fig. 50.<br />

Type-locality: Iron Box Bay, Chincoteague<br />

Bay, Virginia.<br />

Distribution: Vineyard Sound,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Holthuis, 1952); Bahiade la Ascension,<br />

Quintana Roo, Mexico (Chace, 1972;<br />

Williams, 1984).<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes paludosus (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1952:207, pi. 51:<br />

figs.e-j.<br />

Type-locality: St. Andrews, Charleston<br />

County, South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Fresh-waters E of Alleghenies,<br />

from New Jersey to Florida. Indian River<br />

lagoon, Florida (personal communication, P.<br />

M Mikkelsen).<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes pugio Holthuis, 1949<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:76, fig. 51.<br />

Type-locality: Lagoon near Cove Point Light,<br />

Chesapeake Bay.

---

Distribution: Intermittent from Verte River, 3<br />

mi. W St. Modeste (47°5m, 69°26W),<br />

Quebec, to near Yarmouth, Nova Scotia,<br />

Newc<strong>as</strong>tle and E<strong>as</strong>t Brunswick, Maine<br />

(Bousfield andLaubitz, 1972; Knowlton,<br />

1973; Williams, 1974c), Southward to<br />

Corpus Christi, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Holthuis, 1952;<br />

Williams, 1984).<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes vulgaris (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:72, fig. 49.<br />

Type-locality: Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of United States.<br />

Distribution: Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence<br />

from northern Cape Breton Island (Bousfield,<br />

1956) through Northumberland Strait to St.<br />

Simons Inlet and Miscou Harbor near Portage<br />

Bay (Bousfield and Laubitz, 1972),<br />

southward to Cameron County, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Periclimenaeus <strong>as</strong>cidiarum Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:80, pi. 22:<br />

figs, g-1, pi. 23: figs. a-i.<br />

Type-locality: Bird Key Reef, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida.<br />

Distribution: Colombia, 2 mi. SW of Cape la<br />

Vela. 38-40 m; Florida Middle Grounds<br />

(Hopkins et al., 1977) and Bird Key Reef,<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Dominica.<br />

Periclimenaeus atlanticus (Rathbun, 1901)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:83, pi. 24:<br />

figs. a-p.<br />

Type-locality: Off St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />

Islands.<br />

Distribution: Known from type-locality, and<br />

South Florida, Isla de Cozumel, Bahia' de la<br />

Ascencidn.<br />

Perklimenaeus hermudensis (Armstrong,<br />

1940)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 107, pi. 32:<br />

figs, d-g, pi. 33: figs. a-i.<br />

Type-locality: The Reach, St. Georges Island,<br />

Bermuda.<br />

Distribution: Co<strong>as</strong>tal waters from Bermuda,<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong> and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Perklimenaeus caraibicus Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 110, pi. 32:<br />

figs, h-j, pi. 34.<br />

Type-locality: Buccoo Reef, Tobago.<br />

Distribution: Tobago, Barbuda, Antigua<br />

Island, Dominica, Saint Lucia Island, Bahia de<br />

la Ascension. Florida (personal<br />

communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Checklist 15<br />

Perklimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971<br />

Description: Abele, 1971:38, figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico off<br />

the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-locality and<br />

Indian River, Florida (Personal communication<br />

with R. H. Gore).<br />

Perklimenaeus maxillulidens (Schmitt,<br />

1936)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb:87, pi. 26: figs.<br />

a-o.<br />

Type-locality: Entrance to Lac, Bonaire.<br />

Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />

Bonaire (Chace, 1972).<br />

Periclimenaeus pearsei (Schmitt, 1932)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195lb:93, pi. 28: figs.<br />

a-r.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Perklimenaeus perlatus (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1930)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:99, pi. 30: figs.<br />

a-1, pi. 32: fig. a.<br />

Type-locality: Gonave Bay, Haiti.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida to Panama<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Perklimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:81, fig. 54.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Bogue Sound, Black Rocks off<br />

New River, and Lockwoods Folly River,<br />

North Carolina; Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Perklimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:82, fig. 55.<br />

Type-locality: Fishing grounds, 20 mi. off<br />

Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina; off<br />

Sapelo Island, Georgia; off Loggerhead Key,<br />

near Tortug<strong>as</strong>, and Franklin County, Florida<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Periclimenes amerkanus (Kingsley, 1878)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:83, fig. 56.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina; to<br />

western Gulf of Mexico (Felder and Chaney,<br />

1979), and through West Indies to Aruba; Para<br />

to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />

1972; Williams, 1984).

---

16 Checklist<br />

Periclimenes hamngtoni Lebour, 1949<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:35,pl. 9: figs,<br />

art<br />

Type-locality: Harrington Sound, Bermuda.<br />

Distribution: Harrington Sound, Bermuda, and<br />

Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Periclimenes iridescens Lebour, 1949<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:85, fig. 57.<br />

Type-locality: Off C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads, Bermuda.<br />

Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>t off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>,<br />

35°32.9'N, 75°11.9 , W (Herbst et al. 1979);<br />

southern and northwestern Florida; Tobago;<br />

Cubagua Island, Venezuela; Bermuda (Chace<br />

1972; Williams, 1984).<br />

Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:86, fig. 58.<br />

Type-locality: Co<strong>as</strong>t of Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />

southwestern Florida; West Indies to Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil. There are doubtful records from<br />

the Indian Ocean and deeper waters of the Gulf<br />

of Mexico (Holthuis, 1951b; Williams, 1984).<br />

Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:52, pi. 15: figs.<br />

a-f.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, off Arans<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>, 27°40'N, •96 6 34W, 50 m, Pelican Stn. 42.<br />

Distribution: Type-locality and Murray Key,<br />

Florida Bay (Rouse, 1970).<br />

Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:41,pl. 11: figs.<br />

a-i.~Gore et al., 1981:254, fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf stream off Key West,<br />

Florida, 24°2r55 n N, 81 0 58 , 25 ,, W (179 m.<br />

Fish Hawk Stn. 7279).<br />

Distribution: Indian River and Key West,<br />

Florida (Gore et al., 1981).<br />

Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:87, fig. 59.<br />

Type-locality: Simms (Lyford) Cay, New<br />

Providence Island, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, 34°35.5 , N, 75°5.5'W (Herbst et al.<br />

1979); off northwest Florida, Baham<strong>as</strong>,<br />

through West Indies to Bonaire; Belize<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942<br />

Description: Holtnuis, 1951b:31,pl. 7: figs. a-o.<br />

Type-locality: Off Sanibel Island, Lee County,<br />

W Florida,<br />

Distribution: Florida Middle Grounds<br />

(Hopkins et al., 1977) and from shallow water<br />

(10 m) off Sanibel Island, Lee County, West<br />

Florida.<br />

Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:58,pl. 17: figs.<br />

a-h.<br />

Type-locality: Spanish Port, Curacao.<br />

Distribution: Netherlands West Indies,<br />

Spanish Port, Curagao; tentatively Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891)<br />

Description: Limbaugh, Pederson, and Chace,<br />

1961:240, fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: OffProgreso,Estadode<br />

Yucatan, Mexico.<br />

Distribution: Southern Florida to Colombia<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:88, fig. 60.<br />

Type-locality: South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Atlantic Beach near Beaufort<br />

Inlet, North Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico S of<br />

Houma, Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana<br />

(USNM); Baham<strong>as</strong>; Madeira (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:89, fig. 61.<br />

Type-locality: Bay of Panama.<br />

Distribution: Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t: Drumm Inlet to<br />

Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina; e<strong>as</strong>t and west<br />

Florida. Pacific co<strong>as</strong>t: Gulf of California to<br />

Colombia; Galapagos Islands (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 150, pi. 47:<br />

figs. J-k.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the original<br />

type-series from Key West, Florida.<br />

Pontoniopsis paulae Gore, 1981<br />

Description: Gore, 1981:139, figs. la-p.<br />

Type^locality: Carys Fort Reef, off Key<br />

Largo, Monroe county, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.

---

Pseudocoutierea antillensis Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:43, figs. 1 la-b.<br />

Type-locality: Saba Bank at 17*28^,<br />

63°13W.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-locality;<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida.<br />

Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969<br />

Description: Chace, 1969:266, figs. 10,11.<br />

Type-locality: St. James, Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys, Dominica,<br />

Barbados, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Madeira, on Diadema<br />

antillarum (Chace, 1972).<br />

Typton carneus Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:46, fig. 12.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: South and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida<br />

and Baham<strong>as</strong> to Tobago (Chace, 1972).<br />

Typton distinctus Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:49, figs. 13,14.<br />

Type-locality: Los Arroyos, Provincia de Pinar<br />

del Rio, Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Western Cuba and Yucatan<br />

Peninsula, Mexico (Chace, 1972). Florida<br />

(personal communication, D. A. Camp).<br />

Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 159, pi. 50:<br />

figs. a-1.<br />

Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Same <strong>as</strong> the type-locality.<br />

Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 165, pi. 52:<br />

figs. a-1.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida between<br />

Middle Ground and White Shoal, 18 m. (W. L.<br />

Schmitt coll., Stn 45-30).<br />

Distribution: Same <strong>as</strong> the type-locality.<br />

Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 153, pi. 48:<br />

figs. a-o.<br />

Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Outside C<strong>as</strong>tle Harbour,<br />

Bermuda (Gurney, 1936), Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida (McClendon, 1911; Schmitt, 1930;<br />

Pearse, 1932); Gulf of Califormia (Holthuis,<br />

1951).<br />

Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 1951<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 lb: 157, pi. 49:<br />

figs. a-n.<br />

Checklist 17<br />

Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: South of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida<br />

Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981<br />

Description: Gore, 1981:147.<br />

Type-locality: Elbow Reef, off Key Largo,<br />

Monroe County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

FAMILY ALPHEIDAE<br />

Alpheopsis labis Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:55, fig. 15.<br />

Type-locality: Charlotte Point, English<br />

Harbor, Antigua Island.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, Cuba, Hispaniola and<br />

Antigua Island (Chace, 1972). Florida Middle<br />

Grounds (Hopkins et al., 1977); Florida.<br />

(27°37*N, 83*59*W, 54.8 m) (personal<br />

communication, D. K. Camp). Looe Key,<br />

Florida (personal communication, D. L.<br />

Felder).<br />

Alpheopsis trispinosus (Stimpson, 1861)<br />

Description: Banner and Banner, 1973:337,<br />

fig. 14.<br />

Type-locality: Port Jackson, Australia.<br />

Distribution: Probably pantropical (Gore,<br />

1981).<br />

Alpheus amblyonyx Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:59, fig. 16.<br />

Type-locality: Near center of Arrecife<br />

Nicchehabin, Bahia de la Ascension, Territorio<br />

de Quintana Roo, Mexico, on or under coral in<br />

1-5 feet of water.<br />

Distribution: Territorio de Quintana Roo,<br />

Mexico; Puerto Rico; Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>; and<br />

Dominica; (Chace, 1972). E<strong>as</strong>tern and<br />

Southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />

M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901<br />

Description: Zimmer, 1913:295, figs. W-Z,<br />

A^B*.<br />

Type-locality: Ponce, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Throughout the West Indian<br />

region from the Baham<strong>as</strong> and southern Florida<br />

to Tobago and westward to the Yucatan<br />

Peninsula (Chace, 1972).<br />

Alpheus armillatus H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:92, fig. 63.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina, through Gulf of

---

18 Checklist<br />

Mexico and West Indies to Cananeia, Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil; Bermuda (Holthuis, 1956).<br />

Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:273,<br />

fig. 22.<br />

Type-locality: Cape Verde Islands.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Antigua Island to<br />

Tobago and Fernando de Noronha; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Atlantic from the Cape Verde Islands and<br />

Guinea to Sao Tom6 and Congo (Chace,<br />

1972). E<strong>as</strong>tern and Southern Florida.<br />

Alpheus candei Gu6rin-Meneville, 1855<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1910:486, fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Apparently known only from the<br />

Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida and Cuba (Chace,<br />

1972).<br />

Alpheus cylindricus Kingsley, 1878<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:257,<br />

fig.16.<br />

Type-locality: Archipielago de l<strong>as</strong> Perl<strong>as</strong>, Gulf<br />

of Panama.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Florida to<br />

Barbados; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from the islands of<br />

Principe, Sao Tom6, and Annobon; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Pacific from the Gulf of California, the Gulf of<br />

Panama, and the Galapagos Islands (Chace,<br />

1972).<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico to Estado da<br />

Bahia, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from Guinea to<br />

Congo (Chace, 1972).<br />

Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:94, fig. 64.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Near Beaufort, North Carolina<br />

through Gulf of Mexico (Ray, 1974; Felder<br />

and Chaney, 1979) and West Indies to Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil.<br />

Alpheus heterochaelis Say, 1818<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:95, fig. 65.--<br />

Christoffersen, 1984:200, figs. 5-7.<br />

Type-locality: Amelia Island, N<strong>as</strong>sau County,<br />

Florida.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina to the State of<br />

Paraiba, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1984).<br />

Alpheus cristulifrons Rathbun, 1900<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:260,<br />

figs. 17,18.<br />

Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:240,<br />

fig. 10.<br />

Type-locality: Fernando de Noronha.<br />

Distribution: Western tropical Atlantic from the e<br />

Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida to Fernando de Noronha<br />

and westward to the Yucatan Peninsula; also<br />

the islands of Sao Tome* and Pricipe in the<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic (Chace, 1972).<br />

Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil?,<br />

Distribution: Puerto Rico to Estado de Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from Senegal to<br />

Congo; e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific from the Gulf of<br />

California, Ecuador, and the Galapagos Islands<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Alpheus normanni Kingsley, 1878<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:97, fig. 66.<br />

Type-locality: Pacific co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama.<br />

: Distribution: Bermuda; around Cape Charles,<br />

Virginia, and lower Chesapeake Bay through<br />

Gulf of Mexico (Ray, 1974) and West Indies to<br />

Sao Paulo, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1979); Gulf<br />

of California and Panama (Chace, 1972;<br />

Williams, 1984.<br />

Alpheus nuttingi (Schmitt,1924)<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1924b:78, pi. 2: figs. 4-6.<br />

Alpheus estuariensis Christoffersen, 1984<br />

Description: Christoffersen, 1984:191, figs. 1,2. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Rio Potengi estuary, Natal,<br />

State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Florida; Mississippi to Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Type-locality: Pelican Island, Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys to Estado de<br />

Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil and westward to Isla de<br />

Providencia and Panama (Chace, 1972).<br />

Cuba; Dominican Republic; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Trinidad; ;<br />

Ceara to Parana, Brazil.<br />

Alpheus paracrinuus Miers, 1881<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:253,<br />

fig, 15.<br />

Alpheus floridanus'Kingsley, 1878<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:65, figs. 17-20.--<br />

Crosnier and Forest, 1966:267,269, figs. 20, 21. 1.<br />

TVpe-locality: Fort Jefferson, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida.<br />

Type-locality: Goree, Senegal.<br />

Distribution: Virtually pantropical; to a depth<br />

of 18 m. In Western Atlantic, from the<br />

Bermud<strong>as</strong> and the northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico<br />

to Tobago (Chace, 1972).

---

Alpheus pe<strong>as</strong>ei (Armstrong, 1940)<br />

Description: Verrill, 1922:68, fig. 68, fig. 5b,<br />

pi. 19: figs.3a-d,pl.20: fig. 1, pi. 21: figs.<br />

6, 6a, pi. 24: figs. 2-4, pi. 29: fig. la-t.<br />

Type-locality: C<strong>as</strong>tle Harbour, Bermud<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and Florida Keys to<br />

Tobago and westward to Isla de Providencia<br />

and the Yucatan Peninsula (Chace, 1972).<br />

Alpheus schmitti Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:70, figs. 21,22.<br />

Type-locality: Grand Anse Bay outside Saint<br />

Georges Harbour, Grenada, in partially<br />

exposed conglomerate rock and coral ledge<br />

alongshore.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-series, the<br />

Florida Keys, Antigua Island, and Tobago<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Alpheus thom<strong>as</strong>i Hendrix and Gore, 1973<br />

Description: Hendrix and Gore, 1973:413,<br />

figs. 1-3.<br />

Type-locality: Virginia Beach, Virginia Key,<br />

Miami, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Cape Florida, Key Biscayne,<br />

Dade County; and from Jupiter Inlet in Palm<br />

Beach County, and Walton Rocks, St. Lucie<br />

County, about 5 miles south of Ft. Pierce,<br />

Florida (Hendrix and Gore, 1973).<br />

Alpheus viridari (Armstrong, 1949)<br />

Description: Armstrong, 1949:8, fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Barahona, Dominican Republic.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys to Trinidad and<br />

westward to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao and the Yucatan<br />

Peninsula (Chace, 1972).<br />

Alpheus websteri Kingsley, 1880<br />

Description: Rankin, 1898:249, pi. 30: fig. 6<br />

(<strong>as</strong> Alpheus nigrospinatus). --Crosnier and<br />

Forest, 1966:236 (<strong>as</strong> Alpheus ridleyi).<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> to Fernando de<br />

Noronha, Brazil and westward to the Yucatan<br />

peninsula (Chace, 1972). Looe Key, Florida<br />

(personal communication, D. L. Felder).<br />

Automate evermanni Rathbun, 1901<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:99, fig. 67.<br />

Type-locality: Off Aguadilla, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina(?); Georgia to<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong> and Puerto Rico; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from<br />

Cape Verde Islands and Liberia to Nigeria<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Checklist 19<br />

Automate gardineri Coutiere, 1902<br />

Description: Banner and Banner, 1966: jl, fig.<br />

8.-Chace, 1972:74, fig. 23.-- Williams,<br />

1984:100, fig. 68.<br />

Type-locality: Maldive and Laccadive Islands.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina; Virgin Islands,<br />

Antigua Island, Barbados and the Yucatan<br />

Peninsula; Indo-Pacific region from the Red<br />

Sea to Samoa (Chace, 1972). Florida.<br />

Automate rectifrons Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:75, fig. 24.<br />

Type-locality: Inner side of Arrecife<br />

Nicchehabin, Bahia de la Ascension, Territorio<br />

de Quintana Roo, Mexico.<br />

Distribution: The type-locality; possibly<br />

Antigua Island (Chace, 1972). Southern<br />

Florida (personal communication, P. A.<br />

McLaughlin).<br />

Leptalpheus forceps Williams, 1965<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:101, fig. 69.<br />

Type-locality: Gallants Point, Newport River,<br />

Carteret County, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Drum Inlet, Beaufort, Banks<br />

Channel near Wrightsville Beach, and<br />

Lockwoods Folly Inlet, North Carolina; Old<br />

Tampa Bay, Florida (Saloman, 1971; Simon<br />

and Dauer, 1977); Davis Bayou, Mississippi<br />

(Dawson, 1967a; Williams, 1984).<br />

Metalpheus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890)<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1966:246,<br />

figs. 12-14.<br />

Type-locality: Fernando de Noronha.<br />

Distribution: Southern Florida; Puerto Rico<br />

and the Yucatan Peninsula to Fernando de<br />

Nornoha; probably pantropical (Chace, 1972).<br />

Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong> Pequegnat and Heard, 1979<br />

Description: Pequegnat and Heard, 1979:110,<br />

figs. l-4.-Dardeau, 1984:12, figs. 3-6.<br />

Type-locality: West Flower Garden Bank,<br />

Gulf of Mexico (ITSTS, 93°48'W) in 25 m.<br />

Distribution: Atlantic: Grand Bahama Island;<br />

Gulf of Mexico: Florida Middle Ground,<br />

Sonnier Bank, 28 Fathom Bank, West Flower<br />

Garden Bank, North Hospital Bank and<br />

Hospital Rock (Pequegnat and Heard, 1979);<br />

Caribbean, off Puerto Rico (Dardeau, 1984).<br />

Synalpheus apioceros Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:27, fig. 9.<br />

Type-locality: Marco, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Southern Florida to Surinam

---

20 Checklist<br />

westward to the Yucatan Peninsula (Ghace,<br />

1972).<br />

Synalpheus bousfieldi Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:86, figs. 29, 30.<br />

Type-locality: West side of reef e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

anchorage, Bahia del Espfritu Santo, Territorio<br />

de Quintana Roo, Mexico.<br />

Distribution: Atlantic: Grand Bahama Island<br />

(Dardeau, 1984) and possibly south to Brazil<br />

(Christoffersen, 1979); Gulf of Mexico:<br />

Florida Middle Ground, Sonnier Bank, Bright<br />

Bank, and West Flower Garden Bank<br />

(Dardeau, 1984); Caribbean: Yucatan<br />

Peninsula and Virgin Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />

Synalpheus bfevicaipus (Herrick, 1801)<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:50, fig. 29.--<br />

Christoffersen, 1979:333, fig. 19.<br />

Type-locality: N<strong>as</strong>sau, New Providence,<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong>; in green sponge.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t Florida to Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>; southwest Florida; Bahama Islands;<br />

Cuba to Virgin Islands; Los Roques Islands;<br />

Curacao; Panama; Pernambuco to the north of<br />

Rib Grande do Sul; e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific, Bay of<br />

Panama (Christoffersen, 1979).<br />

Synalpheus brooksi Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:69, fig. 41.--<br />

Dardeau, 1984:26, figs. 11-14.<br />

Type-locality: Sugar Loaf Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, Florida Keys,<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong> and the Yucatan Peninsula to Estado<br />

do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil (Chace, 1972).<br />

Synalpheus curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1924a:66, fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: Spaansche Water, Curacao.<br />

Distribution: Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Bonaire, (Chace,<br />

1972). E<strong>as</strong>tern Florida.<br />

Synalpheus fritztnuelleri Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:102, fig. 70.<br />

Type-locality: Marco, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina to<br />

Santa Catarina, Brazil; Bermuda; St. Helena<br />

Island, South Atlantic; Baja California (Chace,<br />

1972).<br />

Synalpheus goodei Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:58, fig. 33.--<br />

Dardeau, 1984:40, figs. 18-21.<br />

Type-locality: Bermud<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and the Gulf of<br />

Mexico to Curacao and Panama (Chace, 1972).<br />

Synalpheus heardi Dardeau, 1984<br />

Description: Dardeau, 1984:47, figs. 23-26.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Middle Ground, Gulf of<br />

Mexico.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, off<br />

central western Florida; Grand Bahama Island<br />

(Dardeau, 1984).<br />

Synalpheus hemphilli Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:38, fig. 20.<br />

Type-locality: Off the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida<br />

(27°04'N, 83°21 , W).<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong> and the e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />

Mexico to Curacao and Isl<strong>as</strong> Los Roques<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Synalpheus herricki Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiete, 1909:74, fig. 44.--<br />

Dardeau, 19184:55, figs. 27-30.<br />

Type-locality: "Off Anclote, Florida"<br />

presumably Anclote Key off Tarpon Springs.<br />

Distribution: Atlantic: questionably from<br />

Eleuthera, Bahama Islands (Chace, 1972); Gulf<br />

of Mexico: questionably from Florida Bay<br />

(Tabb and Manning, 1961); off central western<br />

Florida from Sanibel Island to Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong><br />

(Coutiere, 1909; Dardeau, 1984).<br />

Synalpheus longicarpus (Herrick, 1891)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:104, fig. 11.-<br />

Dardeau, 1984:64, figs; 32-35,<br />

Type-locality: Baham<strong>as</strong>, probably N<strong>as</strong>sau,<br />

New Providence Island.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina to west<br />

Flower Garden Reef, SSE of Galveston,<br />

TexaS; Yucatan, Mexico through West Indies to<br />

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Synalpheus mcclendoni Couttere, 1910<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:95, figs. 33,34.-<br />

Dardeau, 1984:74, figs. 37-39.<br />

Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Atlantic: Grand Bahama Island;<br />

Gulf of Mexico: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> (Coutiere,<br />

1910) and Isla de Lobos Reef, off Veracruz<br />

(Ray, 1974); Caribbean: Yucatan Peninsula,<br />

Windward Islands (Chace, 1972) and<br />

Barbados (Schmitt, 1924a; Dardeau, 1984).<br />

Synalpheus minus (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:105, fig. 72.<br />

Type-locality: "Co<strong>as</strong>ts of the southern states<br />

and off E<strong>as</strong>t Florida."

---

Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Christoffersen,<br />

1979); Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Synalpheus pandionis Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:67, fig. 39.--<br />

Dardeau, 1984:78, figs. 40-43.<br />

Type-locality: Off Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>, 36-42 m.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico to<br />

Barbados and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Chace, 1972).<br />

Synalpheus paraneptunus Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:86, fig. 52.--<br />

Dardeau, 1984:92, figs. 47-50.<br />

Type-locality: Off Golfo de Morrosquillo,<br />

Colombia (9°30'15"N, 76 o 20'30" W) in 77 m.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida and the<br />

Yucatan Peninsula to the Grenadines and<br />

Colombia (Chace, 1972). Possibly from the<br />

Gulf of Mexico, off central western Florida,<br />

and the West Flower Garden Bank (Dardeau,<br />

1984).<br />

Synalpheus pectiniger Coutiere, 1907<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:78, figs. 48,49.--<br />

Dardeau, 1984:98, figs. 51-53.<br />

Type-locality: Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, Florida keys and<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong> to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Chace, 1972).<br />

Synalpheus rathbunae Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:84, fig. 51.<br />

Type-locality: Off Saint Thom<strong>as</strong> in 37-55 m.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> to the Grenadines<br />

westward to the Yucatan Peninsula; (Chace,<br />

1972). Looe Key, Florida (personal<br />

communication, D. L. Felder).<br />

Synalpheus sanctUhomae Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Coutiere, 1909:61, fig. 35.--<br />

Christoffersen, 1979:352, figs. 29 -30.<br />

Type-locality: Off Saint Thom<strong>as</strong> in 37-42 m.<br />

Distribution: Saint Thom<strong>as</strong>; Atol dos Roc<strong>as</strong><br />

and Pernambuco to the south of Bahia, Brazil<br />

(Christoffersen, 1979). Florida Keys (Gore,<br />

1981).<br />

Synalpheus townsendi Coutiere, 1909<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:106, fig. 73.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico south of Cape<br />

San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida (29°14'00"N, 85°29 , 15"W)<br />

in 46 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina to<br />

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda; Gulf of<br />

California (Williams, 1984)<br />

Checklist 21<br />

Thunor simus (Guenn-Meneville, 1856")<br />

Description: Armstrong, 1949:13, figs, J, 4A-<br />

J, L, (<strong>as</strong> Thunor rathbunae).-Chace,<br />

1972:104, fig. 39, (<strong>as</strong> Thunor rathbunae).<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Key West, Florida and Yucatan<br />

Peninsula to Barbados (Chace, 1972);<br />

Piscadera Bay, Curacao (Holthuis, 1980a).<br />

FAMILY HIPPOLYTIDAE<br />

Bythocaris nana Smith, 1885<br />

Description: Smith, 1885:449; 1886:600, pi.<br />

12: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, off Martha's<br />

Vineyard; 263 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to Southern Florida and<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico.<br />

Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis,<br />

1948)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:114, fig. 79.<br />

Type-locality: Mouth of Suriname River near<br />

Resolutie, Surinam.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Fear River, North<br />

Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Guyana to<br />

the north of Uruguay (Williams, 1984).<br />

Hippolyte coerulescens (Fabricius, 1775)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:116, fig. 80.<br />

Type-locality: "Pelago inter Tropicos"<br />

Distribution: Widespread in tropical and<br />

subtropical Atlantic Ocean (Chace 1972).<br />

Hippolyte curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:117, fig. 81.<br />

Type-locality: West Punt, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort and Sneads Ferry,<br />

North Carolina; West Indies from Cuba to<br />

Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Williams, 1984).<br />

Hippolyte nicholsoni Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:113, figs. 46, 47.<br />

Type-locality: Milford Bay, between Pigeon<br />

Point and Crown Point, Tobago, in 9-12 m.<br />

Distribution: Puerto Rico, Antigua Island,<br />

Saint Lucia Island, and Tobago (Chace, 1972).<br />

Looe Key, Florida (personal communication,<br />

D.L. Felder).<br />

Hippolyte pleuracanthus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:117, fig. 82.<br />

Type-locality: Norfolk Harbor, Virginia, and<br />

Somers Point, Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey.

---

22 Checklist<br />

Distribution: Connecticut to North Carolina<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Hippolyte zostericola (Smith, 1873)<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:118, figs. 49-50.<br />

Type-locality: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts.<br />

Distribution: Southern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; North<br />

Carolina to Yucatan; Trinidad and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao;<br />

Ceara, Brazil (Fausto-Filho, 1975); Bermuda.<br />

Latreutes fucorum (Fabricius, 1798)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:119, fig. 84.<br />

Type-locality: Floating gulfweed.<br />

Distribution: Western North Atlantic between<br />

10° and 50° N; Azores and Cape Verde Islands<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Latreutes parvulus (Stimpson, 1866)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:120, fig. 85,<br />

Type-locality: St. Joseph Island, Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to Rio<br />

de Janeiro, Brazil; West Africa (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888)<br />

Description: Limbaugh, Pederson, and Chace,<br />

1961:247, fig. 5.-Hay<strong>as</strong>hi, 1975:285, figs. 1-<br />

4, pi. 4.<br />

Type-locality: Amboina, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia.<br />

Distribution: Circumtropical (Bruce, 1974;<br />

Hay<strong>as</strong>hi, 1975). In Florida: northern Gulf of<br />

Mexico through the Florida Keys.<br />

Lysmata intermedia (Kingsley, 1878)<br />

Description: Sivertsen, 1933:5, pi. 2: fig. 9-15.<br />

Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: The Honda Middle Grounds<br />

(Dardeau et al., 1980) to the Florida Keys to<br />

Tobago and Curacao; Azores; Galapagos<br />

Islands (Chace, 1972). The Galapagos<br />

Islands record is questionable (Abele, 1975).<br />

Lysmata rathbunae Chace, 1970<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:126, fig. 89.<br />

Type-locality: Off Boynton Beach, Florida,<br />

26 o 31*N,80°l , W, 55-64 m.<br />

Distribution: Typical form: SE Cape Fear,<br />

North Carolina, 33 o 30'24 M N, 77°24 , 30 M W, 25<br />

m; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to Yucatan. Bermuda;<br />

Miami, Florida, Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />

Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:127, fig. 90.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey,<br />

to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Surinam; French<br />

Guiana; Mamanguape, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Merhippolyte americana Holthuis, 1961<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1961:1, fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: 20°59 , 30"N, 86°23'45 H W,<br />

Yucatan Channel, 237.6 m, coral.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina; South Florida;<br />

Yucatan Channel; Sao Paulo; Rio Grande do<br />

Sul to Province of Buenos Aires<br />

(Christoffersen, 1979).<br />

Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888)<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:130, figs. 55,56.<br />

Type-locality: Ambon, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys to Tooago and<br />

Yucatan; Bay of Bengal, Ind<strong>one</strong>sia, and<br />

Caroline Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />

Thor dobkini Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:134, fig. 94.<br />

Type-locality: Punta R<strong>as</strong>sa (near mouth of<br />

Caloosahatchee River), Lee County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Shackleford Bank, North<br />

Carolina, to Yucatan; Louisiana; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Cuba (Williams, 1984).<br />

Thor floridanus Kingsley, 1878<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:135, fig. 95.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Black Rocks off New River,<br />

Northa Carolina (?) to Yucatan (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Thor manningi Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:137, fig. 96.<br />

Type-locality: English Harbour, Antigua<br />

Island.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

Yucatan and through West Indies to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao;<br />

Isl<strong>as</strong> Tres Mari<strong>as</strong>, off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico<br />

(Chace 1972).<br />

Tozeuma carolinense Kingsley, 1878<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:138, fig. 97.<br />

Type-locality: Fort Macon, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico to Yucatan and<br />

southward to Colon, Panama; through West<br />

Indies to Curacao; Pernambuco to Bahia, Brazil<br />

(Coelho and Ramos 1972).<br />

Tozeuma cornutum A. Milne Edwards, 1881<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1881:16;

---

1883, pi. 32.--Chace, 1972:141.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Off Barbados, in 73 m; in deep<br />

water e<strong>as</strong>t of Florida Keys; in Great Lameshur<br />

Bay, St. John, Virgin Islands (Chace, 1972).<br />

Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, 1881<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:140, fig. 98.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Nonamesset Island,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; Off Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />

Lookout, North Carolina (Herbst et al., 1979);<br />

Cape Canaveral, extreme southern and<br />

northwestern Florida, Colombia and Barbados<br />

(Chace, 1972; Williams, 1984).<br />

Trachycaris restrictus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1878)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1949b:233, figs. 2,3.<br />

Type-locality: Cape Verde Islands.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida (Dardeau et al., 1980) south to Estado<br />

do Para, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from the<br />

Canary Islands to St. Helena Island (Chace,<br />

1972).<br />

FAMILY OGYRIDIDAE<br />

Ogyrides alphaerostris (Kingsley, 1880)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:107, fig.74.<br />

Type-locality: Northampton County, Virginia,<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern shore, Atlantic side.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern shore of Accomack<br />

County, and lower James River, Virginia,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico to Rio Grande do Sul,<br />

Brazil (Christoffersen 1979). Florida (26 m)<br />

(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:109, fig. 75.<br />

Type-locality: Off Bogue Bank west of Ft.<br />

Macon, North Carolina, ~ 3.5 m.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

Seb<strong>as</strong>tian Inlet, Florida; northwestern Florida<br />

to Mississippi; Puerto Rico (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY PROCESSIDAE<br />

Ambidexter symmetrwus Manning and Chace,<br />

1971<br />

Description: Manning and Chace, 1971:3,<br />

figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Matheson Hammock Wading<br />

Beach, Biscayne Bay, Miami, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico to Trinidad<br />

(Chace, 1972).<br />

Checklist 23<br />

Nikoides schmitti Manning and Chace, 1971<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:141, fig. i 3.<br />

Type-locality: 1. 25 km south of Garden Key,<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Monroe County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina (Herbst et al., 1979), Biscayne Bay<br />

and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Guadeloupe and the Guian<strong>as</strong><br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Processa bermudensis (Rankin, 1900)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:143, fig. 100.<br />

Type-locality: Harrington Sound, Bermuda.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; North Carolina near<br />

Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong> to northwestern Florida;<br />

Veracruz, Mexico (Ray, 1974); Cuba; Puerto<br />

Rico; Guadeloupe; Peninsula de Arago, Estado<br />

Sucre, Venezuela, in Sarg<strong>as</strong>sum; Bahia and<br />

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1979;<br />

Williams, 1984).<br />

Processa flmbriata Manning and Chace, 1971<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:144, fig. 101.<br />

Type-locality: Off E<strong>as</strong>t Key, Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Monroe County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off New River, North Carolina,<br />

to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Christoffersen 1979).<br />

Processa guyanae Holthuis, 1959<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:145, fig. 102.<br />

Type-locality: NW of the Coppename River<br />

(Surinam) 6°54'N, 56°14'W, 49 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, including<br />

northern co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Surinam, Ceara,<br />

Brazil, to Uruguay (Williams, 1984). Florida<br />

(40-200 m) (personal communication, P. M.<br />

Mikkelsen).<br />

Processa hemphiUi Manning and Chace, 1971<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:146, fig. 103.<br />

Type-locality: Marco, Collier County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: E Cape Lookout, and Bogue<br />

Sound, North Carolina; E co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; NW<br />

Florida (Saloman, 1979); Guadeloupe; Rio de<br />

Janerio, Brazil, to Province of Buenos Aires,<br />

Argentina (Christoffersen, 1979; Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Processa profunda Manning and Chace,<br />

1971<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:147, fig. 104.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off the west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, 202 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>; off<br />

South Carolina; Gulf of Mexico off southern

---

24 Checklist<br />

and western Florida; Surinam (Williams^<br />

1984).<br />

Processa riveroi Manning and Chace, 1971<br />

Description: Manning and Chace, 1971:28,<br />

fig. 16.<br />

Type-locality: Maguey Island, La Parguera,<br />

Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Puerto Rico. Looe Key, Florida<br />

(personal communication, D. L. Felder).<br />

Processa vkina Manning and Chace, 1971<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:148, fig. 105.<br />

Type-locality: Off North Carolina,<br />

34°35'30"N, 75°45 , 30"W, 59 m.<br />

Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, northwest Florida, off Isla Margarita,<br />

Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY PANDALIDAE<br />

Pantomus parvulus A. Milne Edwards, 1883<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:157, fig. 110.<br />

Type-locality: Northern part of Yucatan Bank,<br />

23°13*N, 89°16'W, 153.6 m.<br />

Distribution: Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />

to Yucatan, Mexico; Puerto Rico; St. Croix,<br />

Virgin Island; Surinam) (Williams, 1984).<br />

Plesionika acanthonotus (Smith, 1882)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195 la:62, figs. 13b-t~<br />

Pequegnat, 1970:91.<br />

Type-locality: Off South Carolina, 32°43' N,<br />

77°21' W, 426 m. Blake Stn. 321.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: from off South<br />

Carolina to off southern Florida and off<br />

Nicaragua and Brazil, NE and NW Gulf of<br />

Mexico. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: off Portugal and<br />

Spain in the north; and off Angola and Rio<br />

Mundi, Africa, in the south and in the<br />

Mediterranean (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />

Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851)<br />

Description: Chace, 1985:62, fig. 26.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: In the western and e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Atlantic (including the Gulf of Mexico and the<br />

Mediterranean) and in the IndoPacific region<br />

(Chace, 1985).<br />

Plesionika ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 195la:55, fig. 11.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados, 434m. Blake<br />

Stn. 283.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida, Florida Straits and e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />

Mexico, off Barbados, and NE Brazil. E<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Atlantic: off Morocco and the Gulf of Guinea.<br />

Indian Ocean near Andaman Island. Pacific:<br />

Hawaiian Islands (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />

Plesionika escatUis (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:221,<br />

fig. 69a.<br />

Type-locality: Madeira Islands, E<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Atlantic.<br />

Distribution: The exact status and range of this<br />

species is yet to be determined. It occurs in the<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern and western Atlantic regions.<br />

Mesopelagic.<br />

Plesionika longicauda (Rathbun, 1901)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1901:117, fig. 24.--<br />

Pequegnat, 1970:86.<br />

Type-locality: Northe<strong>as</strong>t Gulf of Mexico, 161<br />

m, Albatross Ocean Stn. 2403, 28°42.5'N,<br />

H5°29 , W.<br />

Distribution: Indigenous to SW North Atlantic:<br />

NE Gulf of Mexico, Florida straits, Baham<strong>as</strong>,<br />

off Puerto Rico, in the Caribbean off<br />

Hondur<strong>as</strong>, and off Surinam (Pequegnat,<br />

1970).<br />

Plesionika martia (A. Milne Edwards, 1883)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951a:51,fig. 10.<br />

Type-locality: "e<strong>as</strong>t Atlantic," Travailleur Stn.<br />

400-1,200 m.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: off South<br />

Carolina to Florida and off Bermuda; NE and<br />

SW Gulf of Mexico. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic: offSW<br />

Ireland, Bay of Biscay, throughout<br />

Mediterranean, Gulf of Guinea, and Cape of<br />

Good Hope. Indo-West Pacific: from Gulf of<br />

Aden and e<strong>as</strong>t African co<strong>as</strong>t to Japan and<br />

Hawaii (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />

Plesionika tenuipes (Smith, 1881)<br />

Description: Smith, 1881:441; 1882:59, pi.<br />

13: fig. 12.~Pequegnat, 1970:103, figs. 4-15.<br />

Type-locality: Off Block Island, Rhode Island,<br />

183-461 m, Fish Hawk Stn. 870,871, 873,<br />

877,880.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic: off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of United States from Rhode Island to southern<br />

tip of Florida; e<strong>as</strong>tern and western Gulf of<br />

Mexico, (Pequegnat, 1970).<br />

Stylopandalus richardi (Coutiere, 1905)<br />

Description: Chace, 1985:136, fig. 62.<br />

Type-locality: West of Madeira at 32° 13N,<br />

23*58^, 2000-0 m, and Canary Islands at

---

27°43'N, lS^W, 30G0-0 m.<br />

Distribution: Probably occurs in all major<br />

tropical and temperate se<strong>as</strong> (Chace, 1985).<br />

Florida (65-300 m) (personal communication,<br />

P. M. Mikkelsen].<br />

FAMILY CRANGONIDAE<br />

Crangon septemspinosa Say, 1818<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:159, fig. 112.<br />

Type-locality: "Bay shores and inlets of the<br />

sea" (e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the United States).<br />

Distribution: Subarctic-boreal (Haefner, 1979)<br />

although extending beyond these limits;<br />

northern part of Gulf of St. Lawrence,<br />

doubtfully Baffin Bay (Squires, 1965) to e<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Florida; Arctic Al<strong>as</strong>ka southward to Shumagin<br />

Islands, Al<strong>as</strong>ka; Sea of Okhotsk, and<br />

Ranshima, Hokkaido, Japan (Williams, 1984).<br />

Metacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sim (Smith, 1882)<br />

Description: Crosnier and Forest, 1973:233,<br />

figs. 74b, 75a, 76c.<br />

Type-locality: Smith (1882) did not designate a<br />

type but described specimens from Blake Stns.<br />

317,326,332 and 329 off the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the<br />

United States.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic from about 41°<br />

N south to Florida.<br />

Parapontocaris caribbaea (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927)<br />

Description: Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927:125, fig. 28.--<br />

Dardeau and Heard, 1983:10, figs. 2f,-3.<br />

Type-locality: Caribbean Sea, off Hondur<strong>as</strong>,<br />

north of Glover Reef, 870 m, Pawnee Stn. 1<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic, Bahama Islands<br />

and Straits of Florida; northwestern Gulf of<br />

Mexico, off Galveston Bay; Caribbean Sea, off<br />

Hondur<strong>as</strong> (Dardeau and Heard, 1983).<br />

Philocer<strong>as</strong> gorei (Dardeau, 1980)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:161, fig. 114.<br />

Type-locality: 135 km due west of Sanibel<br />

Island Light, [Florida], 26°24'N, 83°22*W, 55<br />

m.<br />

Distribution: Off Georgia; off SW Florida,<br />

Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong> and Padre Island, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Pontophilus brevirostris Smith, 1881<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:161, fig. 113.<br />

Type-locality: Material described from a series<br />

of United States Fish Commission Stns. {Fish<br />

Hawk) 865-867, 870-874,877 and 878,119<br />

to 283 m, off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, constitutes the type-series<br />

Checklist 25<br />

(Smith, 1881). In 1882, Smith essentially<br />

repeated the original description, gave locality<br />

data for specimens studied from Stns. 314-<br />

315,321,327,333,344-345, and illustrated a<br />

mature female from Stn. 873, <strong>one</strong> of the<br />

stations listed in the original description. Two<br />

females from this lot, 40°02'N, 70°57'W, 183<br />

m, are in the type collection of the USNM <strong>as</strong><br />

are many syntypes from Stns. 865-67, 871,<br />

and 872 (Williams, 1984).<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Maine to Gulf of Mexico<br />

off Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> and Cuba (Williams and<br />

Wigley, 1977; Pequegnat, 1970).<br />

FAMILY GLYPHOCRANGONIDAE<br />

Glyphocrangon haematonotusBolihuk, 1971<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1971:315, figs. 6, 7.<br />

Type-locality: From Gerda Stn. 649, Straits of<br />

Florida, 26°34*N, 79°43 r W, 494 m.<br />

Distribution: From the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of South<br />

Carolina and the Bahama Islands to the<br />

Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia and St. Vincent<br />

(Holthuis, 1971).<br />

Glyphocrangon longleyi Schmitt, 1931<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1931:393.~Holthuis,<br />

1971:309, figs. 6,7.<br />

Type-locality: South of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, Baham<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Gulf of Mexico south to Santa Lucia (West<br />

Indies), Yucatan and Colombia (Holthuis,<br />

1971).<br />

Glyphocrangon spinicauda A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1881<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1881:3.--<br />

Holthuis, 1971:295, figs. 6, 7.<br />

Type-locality: St. Kitts (17°19'27"N,<br />

62°50'30"W, 458 m, fine gray sand and ooze).<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic from the e<strong>as</strong>t<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida south to Barbados and into the<br />

Caribbean area <strong>as</strong> far west <strong>as</strong> Yucatan,<br />

Hondur<strong>as</strong>, and Nicaragua (Holthuis, 1971).<br />

INFRAORDER ASTACIDEA<br />

FAMILY NEPHROPIDAE<br />

Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1974:741, figs. 4-8.<br />

Type-locality: Off Grenada, HW^'N,<br />

61*48'30"W, 761 m.<br />

Distribution: Throughout the Gulf of Mexico

---

26 Checklist<br />

and the Caribbean Sea, including the Straits of<br />

Florida (Holthuis, 1974).<br />

Metanephrops binghami (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1974:827, figs. 25,26.<br />

Type-locality: From north of Glover Reef,<br />

British Hondur<strong>as</strong> (Belize).<br />

Distribution: From the Bahama Islands to<br />

French Guiana, including the Gulf of Mexico<br />

and the Caribbean Sea (Holthuis, 1974).<br />

Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1974:776, figs. 15,<br />

16A, 16B.<br />

Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of New Jersey, United<br />

States of America, 40°02'N, 70°57W, 183 m,<br />

bottom soft stickey mud.<br />

Distribution: From e<strong>as</strong>t of New Jersey, to<br />

French Guiana, including the entire Gulf of<br />

Mexico and Caribbean Sea (Holthuis, 1974).<br />

INFRAORDER THALASSIMDEA<br />

FAMILY AXIIDAE<br />

Axiopsis hirsutimana (Boesch and Smalley,<br />

1972)<br />

Description: Boesch and Smalley, 1972:45,<br />

figs. 1-9.<br />

Type-locality: Off British Guiana, 6°50*N,<br />

54 0 47W.<br />

Distribution: Off British Guiana; SE<br />

P<strong>as</strong>cagoula Sea Buoy, Mississippi; about 80<br />

km northe<strong>as</strong>t of tip of Mississippi River delta<br />

(Boesch and Smalley, 1972). Tortug<strong>as</strong> shrimp<br />

grounds, Florida (Williams, 1974c).<br />

Axiopsis oxypleura (Williams, 1974)<br />

Description: Williams, 1974c:457, figs. 11-18.<br />

Type-locality: Straits of Florida west of Riding<br />

Rocks, 25°15'N, 79 0 13W, 365 m.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Axiopsis serratifrons (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1873)<br />

Description: Kensley, 1981:1253, figs. 1-5.<br />

Type-locality: "Upolu [presumably the island<br />

in western Samoa] et les iles Sandwich"<br />

[presumably the Hawaiian Islands].<br />

Distribution: See Kensley, 1981:1260<br />

Coralaxius abelei Kensley and Gore, 1981<br />

Description: Kensley and Gore, 1981:1278,<br />

figs. 1-6.<br />

Type-locality: Atlantic Ocean, French Reef, off<br />

Key Largo, Monroe County, Florida; 25°02'N,<br />

80°19'W;76m.<br />

Distribution: French Reef, off Key Largo,<br />

Florida; Caribbean Sea, Carrie Bow Cay,<br />

Belize.<br />

FAMILY CALLIANASSIDAE<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus' (Stimpson, 1866)<br />

Description: Biffar, 1971a:655, figs. 3,4.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />

Distribution: Miami; Florida Keys; Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Puerto Rico; Jamaica; Barbados;<br />

Antigua; Venezuela (Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica Rathbun, 1926<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:18fl, fig. 125.<br />

Type-locality: "Our species ranges from the<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Southern [United] States north to Long<br />

Island Sound" (Smith, 1873).<br />

Distribution: B<strong>as</strong>s River, Nova Scotia, to<br />

Georgia; Franklin County, Florida (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis Biffar, 1971<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:182, fig. 126.<br />

Type-locality: South end of Sapelo Island,<br />

mouth of Doboy Sound, Mcintosh County,<br />

Georgia.<br />

Distribution: B<strong>as</strong>s River, Yarmouth and<br />

Nantucket Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts (Williams<br />

and Wigley, 1977); Chesapeake Bay(?); North<br />

Inlet, South Carolina (Holland and Polgar,<br />

1976), to Mcintosh County, Georgia; Franklin<br />

County, NW Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri (Rathbun, 1900)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1900:150, pi. 8: figs. 5-<br />

8.~Biffar, 1971a: 661, figs. 5,6.<br />

Type-locality: Mamanguarpe St<strong>one</strong> Reef,<br />

Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida,<br />

including Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Bimini;<br />

Little San Salvador; Puerto Rico; Barbados;<br />

Curacao; Tobago; Brazil (Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa fragilis Biffar, 1970<br />

Description: Biffar, 1970:45, fig. 3;<br />

1971a:667, figs. 7, 8.<br />

Type-locality: Punta Aren<strong>as</strong>, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida; Puerto<br />

Rico; Antigua; Venezuela (Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutingaRodrigues, 1966<br />

Description: Rodrigues, 1966:45, figs. 41c-

---

60.~Biffar, 1971a: 674, figs. 9,10.<br />

Type-locality: Sao Seb<strong>as</strong>tiao, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida, Puerto<br />

Rico; Brazil (Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense Schmitt, 1935<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935b:9, pi. 1: fig. 2,<br />

pi. 2: figs. 6-8, pi. 4: figs. 1,4.<br />

Type-locality: Brackish pond at Montego Bay,<br />

Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: Grand Isle, Louisiana to Brazil;<br />

Jamaica.<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1870<br />

Description: Biffar, 1971a:685, figs. 13,14.<br />

Type-locality: Martinique.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida;<br />

Jamaica; Martinique (Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa nwrginataRsiihbvLn, 1901<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1901:92, fig. 15.--<br />

Biffar, 1971a:689, figs. 15,16.<br />

Type-locality: Mayaguez Harbor, Puerto Rico,<br />

315 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida,<br />

Arrowsmith Bank; Puerto Rico; Barbados<br />

(Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta Biffar, 1970<br />

Description: Biffar, 1970:40, fig. 2;<br />

1971a:694, figs. 17,18.<br />

Type-locality: Cumana, Venezuela.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida; Venezuela<br />

(Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathhunae Schmitt, 1935<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935b: 15, pi. 1: fig. 5,<br />

pi. 2: fig. 2, pi. 3: fig. 1, pi. 4: fig. 2.--<br />

Biffar, 1970:699, figs. 19, 20.<br />

Type-locality: Bluefields, Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: Miami; Jamaica (Biffar, 1970).<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilohata Biffar, 1970<br />

Description: Biffar, 1970:36, fig. 1;<br />

1971a:704,figs.21,22.<br />

Type-locality: Off Pinell<strong>as</strong> Point, Tampa Bay,<br />

Florida, 2-3 m.<br />

Distribution: Miami, Tampa Bay, and Lemon<br />

Bay, Florida (Biffar, 1971a).<br />

Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt, 1935)<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935b:5, pi. 1: fig. 3,<br />

pi. 3: fig. 2, pi. 4: fig. 5.<br />

Type-locality: Grand Isle, Louisiana.<br />

Checklist 27<br />

Distribution: Grand Isle, Louisiana; Alligator<br />

Harbor, Florida.<br />

Callichirus major (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:183, fig. 127.<br />

Type-locality: Bay Shore of St. Johns River in<br />

e<strong>as</strong>t Florida, near low-water mark.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, to<br />

Cape Canaveral, Florida; Grand Terre Island to<br />

Timbalier Island, Louisiana; Espirito Santo and<br />

Sao Paulo, Brazil (Rodrigues, 1965,1971;<br />

Williams, 1984).<br />

Gourretia latispina (Dawson, 1967)<br />

Description: Dawson, 1967b: 190, fig. 1.—<br />

Biffar, 1971a:679, figs. 11,12.<br />

Type-locality: Grand Isle, Louisiana, 14 m.<br />

Distribution: Grand Isle, Louisiana; off<br />

southwestern Florida; Hondur<strong>as</strong> (Biffar,<br />

1971a).<br />

FAMILY UPOGEBIIDAE<br />

Upogebia affinis (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:191, fig. 133.<br />

Type-locality: Georgia.<br />

Distribution: WellfLeet, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />

Rockport, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Hedgpeth, 1950); through<br />

West Indies to Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />

(Coelho, 1966,1970; Gomes Correa, 1968;<br />

Williams, 1984).<br />

Upogebia operculata Schmitt, 1924<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1924b:91, pi. 5: figs. 1-4.<br />

Type-locality: Okra Reef, Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Okra Reef, Barbados; St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong>, Savannah P<strong>as</strong>sage; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida (Schmitt, 1935a). Looe Key, Florida<br />

(personal communication, D. L. Felder).<br />

INFRAORDER PALINURA<br />

FAMILY PALINURIDAE<br />

Justitia longimanus (H. Milne Edwards,<br />

1837)<br />

Description: Bouvier, 1925:442, pi. 8: fig. l.~<br />

Manning, 1978:24.<br />

Type-locality: The Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda and from southern tip<br />

of Florida through most of the Antilles<br />

(Manning, 1978).<br />

Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:170, fig. 120.

---

28 Checklist<br />

Type-locality: Err<strong>one</strong>ously given <strong>as</strong> E<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Indies ("des Grandes-Indies").<br />

Distribution: North Carolina through Gulf of<br />

Mexico and West Indies to Rio de Janeiro,<br />

Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Panulirus guttatus (Latreille, 1804)<br />

Description: Gruvel, 1911:29, fig. 12, pi. 3:<br />

fig. 3.--Holthuis, 1959:124, fig. 20.<br />

Type-locality: Surinam.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic Ocean from<br />

Bermuda and Florida to Brazil and the West<br />

Indies (Holthuis, 1959).<br />

Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille, 1817)<br />

Description: Gruvel, 1911:45, fig. 21.--<br />

Holthuis, 1959:123.<br />

Type-locality: Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, Florida, Cuba,<br />

Jamaica, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, French Guiana, and Brazil<br />

(Holthuis, 1959).<br />

FAMILY SCYLLARIDAE<br />

Parribacus antarcticus (Lund, 1793)<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1985:73, figs. 21,25A.<br />

Type-locality: Amboina Molucc<strong>as</strong> (Holthuis,<br />

1985).<br />

Distribution: The species is known both from<br />

the western Atlantic from Florida to Brazil<br />

including the West Indies and Caribbean Sea,<br />

and from the Indo-West Pacific (E and SE<br />

Africa to Formosa) (Holthuis, 1985).<br />

Scyllarides aequinoctialis (Lund, 1793)<br />

Description: Lyons, 1970:15, pi. 2: figs. A, B.<br />

Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: West Indies and Caribbean Sea;<br />

Gulf of Mexico; southern Florida to Bermuda<br />

(Lyons, 1970).<br />

Scyllarides nodifer (Stimpson, 1866)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:174, fig. 121.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to Florida and throughout Gulf of<br />

Mexico to Yucatan (Lyons, 1970); a postlarva<br />

from south of Long Island (29°inSf, 71°56W)<br />

w<strong>as</strong> taken in the stomach of a lancetfish<br />

{Alepisaurus) (Williams, 1984).<br />

Scyllarus amerkanus (Smith, 1869)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:176, fig. 122.<br />

Type-locality: Egmont Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Bouge Inlet, North Carolina,<br />

to Campeche Banks off Mexico, and Venezuela<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Scyllarus chacei Holthuis, 1960<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:177, fig. 123.<br />

Type-locality: North-northwest mouth of<br />

Marowijne River, about 20 mi. off co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Surinam.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico, West<br />

Indies, and Caribbean Sea to off Cape Sao<br />

Roque, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Scyllarus depressus (Smith, 1881)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:178, fig. 124.<br />

Type-locality: South of Martha's Vineyard,<br />

40°5'39"N, 70°23 , 52 M W, 157.3 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and West<br />

Indies to State of Sao Paulo, Brazil (Williams,<br />

1984). Florida (78 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

FAMILY SYNAXIDAE<br />

Palinurellus gunalachi (Von Martens, 1881)<br />

Description: Manning, 1978:35.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba, Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, southern Florida, most<br />

of the West Indies, Yucatan (Manning, 1978).<br />

INFRAORDER ANOMURA<br />

FAMILY COENOBITIDAE<br />

Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst, 1791)<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:359, fig. 3.<br />

Tvpe-locality: West Indies.<br />

Distribution: Florida, Bermuda, West Indies to<br />

Venezuela (Provenzano, 1959).<br />

FAMILY DIOGENIDAE<br />

Calcinus tibicen (Herbst, 1791)<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:363, fig. 4.<br />

Type-locality: Not given by Herbst.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, West Indian region<br />

from NW Florida to Brazil (Provenzano, 1959,<br />

Abele, 1970).<br />

Cancellus ornatus Benedict, 1901<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:193, fig. 134.<br />

Type-locality: Northe<strong>as</strong>t Gulf of Mexico<br />

between Mississippi delta and Cedar Keys,<br />

Florida, 28°45'N, ta, 55 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />

33°43*N, 76°40'W to 33°42.7' N, 76°40.2*W,<br />

90-110 m (Herbst et al., 1979) through e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Gulf of Mexico, Greater and Lesser Antilles, to

---

near Los Abrolhos off central Brazil (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Cancellus viridis Mayo, 1973<br />

Description: Mayo, 1973:28, figs. 9-11.<br />

Type-locality: Southwest Caribbean Sea, north<br />

of Panama.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-locality.<br />

Southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />

A. McLaughlin).<br />

Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1862<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:368, fig. 5B.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Southern Florida through West<br />

Indies to Curacao and Brazil (Provenzano,<br />

1959).<br />

Clibanarius cubensis (Saussure, 1858)<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:369, fig. 5C.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Florida, from Miami southward,<br />

West Indies to South America (Provenzano,<br />

1959).<br />

Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:366, fig. 5A.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, Florida from Miami<br />

through the Keys, West Indies (Provenzano,<br />

1959).<br />

Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:194, fig. 135.<br />

Type-locality: "Les cotes de la Caroline."<br />

Distribution: Potomac River, Gunston,<br />

Virginia, to Florianopolis, Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil (Forest and de Saint Laurent, 1967).<br />

Dardanus fucosus Biffar and Provenzano,<br />

1972<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:196, fig. 136.<br />

Type-locality: Off French Guiana-Brazil<br />

border, 05^9^, 51°37*W, 64 m, Oregon Stn.<br />

4202.<br />

Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, 35°02'N, 75°26W, to off Amapa,<br />

extreme northern Brazil, 04°02'N, 50°33"W<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:197, fig. 137.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina,<br />

31m. (Cerame-Viv<strong>as</strong> et'al., 1963), to Port<br />

Checklist 29<br />

Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />

Guadeloupe (Williams, 1984).<br />

Dardanus venosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848)<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:374, fig. 6.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, southern Florida, West<br />

Indies to Brazil (Provenzano, 1959).<br />

Isocheles wurdemanni Stimpson, 1862<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:375, fig. 7.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, at mouth of Rio<br />

Grande.<br />

Distribution: Tex<strong>as</strong>, Louisiana, west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida and Venezuela (Provenzano, 1959).<br />

Paguristes anomalus Bouvier, 1918<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:391, figs. 12A-<br />

C.<br />

Type-locality: Near San Diego de Cuba under<br />

old coral.<br />

Distribution: Known only from type-locality<br />

and Long Reef, Florida (Provenzano, 1959).<br />

Paguristes cadenati Forest, 1954<br />

Description: Forest, 1954:353, figs. 1, 3.<br />

Type-locality: Fort-de-France (Martinique).<br />

Distribution: Martinique; Florida Keys.<br />

Paguristes erythrops Holthuis, 1959<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1959:138, figs. 24, 25.<br />

Type-locality: Between the mouths of the<br />

Coppename and Suriname Rivers, 06°42'N,<br />

55*^^^; bottom mud and fine shells; depth 44 m<br />

Distribution: From the the type-locality and<br />

southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />

A. McLaughlin).<br />

Paguristes grayi Benedict, 1901<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:387, fig. 10B.<br />

Type-locality: San Antonio Bridge, San Juan,<br />

Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys, Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Puerto<br />

Rico. Santo Domingo and probably generally<br />

throughout the West Indian region<br />

(Provenzano, 1959).<br />

Paguristes hernancortezi McLaughlin and<br />

Provenzano, 1974<br />

Description: Mclaughlin and Provenzano,<br />

1974a:207, figs. 16a, 17d-f, 18c-d, g-h, 19f-j,<br />

20b,f-h,21.<br />

Type-locality: 7 mi. off Sanibel Island,<br />

Florida, MIV Hernan Cortez Stn. L., 26°24'N,<br />

83 0 22'W,55m.

---

30 Checklist<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Paguristes hummiW<strong>as</strong>s, 1955<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:200, fig. 139.<br />

Type-locality: Alligator Harbor, Franklin<br />

County, Florida<br />

Distribution: Newport River, North Carolina,<br />

to off Sapelo Island, Georgia; Marco Beach,<br />

southwestern Florida, to off Isles Dernieres,<br />

Louisiana (28°38'N, 90°55 r W) (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Paguristes inconstans McLaughlin and<br />

Provenzano, 1974<br />

Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />

1974b:919, figs. 13-15.<br />

Type-locality: Off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida,<br />

27°55 r N, 79°05'W.<br />

Distribution: Western and e<strong>as</strong>tern co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Florida, southward through Caribbean to<br />

Colombia (McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />

1974b).<br />

Paguristes invisisacculus McLaughlin and<br />

Provenzano, 1974<br />

Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />

1974a:223, figs. 23b; 24d-f; 25c, d, g, h, 26ei,<br />

27.<br />

Type-locality: Ragged Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Honda Keys to Jamaica<br />

(McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a).<br />

Paguristes laticlavus McLaughlin and<br />

Provenzano, 1974<br />

Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />

1974b:928, figs. 16-18.<br />

Type-locality: Off Colombia, ll^^TST,<br />

74°17'W.<br />

Distribution: Florida through Caribbean to<br />

Colombia and Venezuela (McLaughlin and<br />

Provenzano, 1974b).<br />

Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis McLaughlin and<br />

Provenzano, 1974<br />

Description: McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />

1974b:902, figs. 7-9.<br />

Type-locality: West side Limon Bay, Pulpit<br />

Point, Panama.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, Panama,<br />

Colombia (McLaughlin and Provenzano,<br />

1974b).<br />

Paguristes lymani A. Milne Edwards and<br />

Bouvier, 1893<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:201, fig. 140.<br />

Type-locality: Sand-Key (Florida), 27 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina (150-180 m); Florida Keys to<br />

Swan Island off Hondur<strong>as</strong>; through West<br />

Indies to Guyana (Williams, 1984).<br />

Paguristes moorei Benedict, 1901<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:202, fig. 141.<br />

Type-locality: Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Edge of continental shelf off<br />

Cape Lookout, North Carolina; Florida Straits<br />

(Hazlett, 1966); Puerto Rico (Williams, 1984).<br />

Paguristes omopkthalmus Holihuis, 1959<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1959:135, figs. 22b, 23.<br />

Type-locality: About 20 mi. NNW of the<br />

mouth of the Coppername River, depth 31 m.<br />

Distribution: Suriname. Florida (personal<br />

communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />

Paguristes puncticeps Benedict* 1901<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:384, fig. 10A.<br />

Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: Along northwestern Florida;<br />

South Florida from Miami southward,<br />

probably generally in the West Indies<br />

(Provenzano, 1959).<br />

Paguristes sericeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:203.<br />

Type-locality: 23°34'N, &>°16W, (near Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida), 66m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; West Flower Garden Bank, NW Gulf<br />

of Mexico to Virgin Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />

Paguristes spinipesA. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:204, fig. 143.<br />

Tvpe-locality: Grenada, 168 m.<br />

Distribution: Gulf Stream south of Cape<br />

Lookout, North Carolina; off Cape Canaveral<br />

to Florida Straits, Sar<strong>as</strong>ota, Florida; Barbados<br />

to Pernambuco, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Paguristes starcki Provenzano, 1965<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1965:726, figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: One-third mi. south-southwest<br />

or Alligator Light, Monroe County, Florida, at<br />

a depth of 6 m.<br />

Distribution: From the type-locality.<br />

Paguristes tenuirostris Benedict, 1901<br />

Description: Bededict, 1901:143>pl. 4: fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Grampus Stn. 5077,125m,

---

Gulf of Mexico, off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:205, fig. 144.<br />

Type-locality: Off Fort Jefferson Dock,<br />

Garden Key, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida,<br />

Distribution: Reefs off Beaufort, North<br />

Carolina, to southern and southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida;<br />

through West Indies to northern Brazil; (?)<br />

northern Gulf of Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />

Paguristes triangulatus A. Milne Edwards<br />

and Bouvier, 1893<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:206, fig. 145.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, 136 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina,<br />

(12m) to Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Barbados; Trinidad<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si Provenzano, 1961<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1961:155, fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: One fourth mi. south-southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Alligator Light, Florida Keys, at 8 m, coral<br />

and sand bottom.<br />

Distribution: From Virgin Islands and Florida<br />

Keys.<br />

Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:198, fig. 138.<br />

Type-locality: Near shores of Bahama Islands<br />

[Catesby, 1743 (1754 ed.<strong>as</strong> cited in Holthuis<br />

1959)].<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and West<br />

Indies to off Ilha de Sao Sev<strong>as</strong>tiao, Brazil,<br />

23°42.5'S, 45°14.5'W (Forest and De Saint<br />

Laurent, 1967).<br />

FAMILY LITHODIDAE<br />

Paralomis cuhensis Chace, 1939<br />

Description: Chace, 1939:49.<br />

Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of Havana, Cuba,<br />

23°12'30"N, 82°12'00"W, 439-549 m.<br />

Distribution: From the type-locality. Florida<br />

(26°45'N, 84°55'W, 255-400 m) (personal<br />

communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

FAMILY PAGURIDAE<br />

Agaricochirus acanthinus McLaughlin, 1982<br />

Description: McLaughlin, 1982:838, figs, lg,<br />

2g, 3g, 4,5a, b, e.<br />

Type-locality: Gerda Stn. 1301, 24°57'N,<br />

Checklist 31<br />

80°14'W.<br />

Distribution: Straits of Florida, western<br />

Caribbean (McLaughlin, 1982).<br />

Agaricochirus alexandri (A. Milne Edwards<br />

and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1893:87, pi. 6: figs. 23-26.-- McLaughlin,<br />

1982:834, figs, lb, 2b, 3b.<br />

Type-locality: Blake Stn. 132, off Santa Cruz<br />

(St. Croix), Virgin Islands.<br />

Distribution: Straits of Florida, Caribbean to<br />

Barbados and northern co<strong>as</strong>t of South America<br />

(McLaughlin, 1982).<br />

Agaricochirus boletifer (A. Milne Edwards<br />

and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1893:84, pi. 6: figs. 19-22.-McLaughlin,<br />

1982:825, figs, la, 2a, 3a.<br />

Type-locality: Blake Stn. 231, off St. Vincent,<br />

West Indies.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, central<br />

Caribbean, St. Vincent, West Indies<br />

(McLaughlin, 1982).<br />

Agaricochirus gibbosimanus (A. Milne<br />

Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:42.-<br />

McLaughlin, 1982:836, figs, le, 2e, 3e.<br />

Type-locality: Blake Stn. 206, off Martinique.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic off Dominican<br />

Republic; Yucatan Channel and northern<br />

Caribbean; Windward Islands (McLaughlin,<br />

1982). Florida (personal communication, P.<br />

A. McLaughlin).<br />

Anisopagurus bartletti (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1893:91, pi. 7: figs. 1-9.<br />

Type-locality: Off St. Vincent, 146 fathoms,<br />

Blake Stn. 223.<br />

Distribution: Southern Florida and the islands<br />

of St. Vincent, Grenada and Barbados in the<br />

West Indies.<br />

Anisopagurus pygmaeus (Bouvier, 1918)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:223, fig. 159.<br />

Type-locality: Bahia de Socapa (Zocappa) near<br />

Santiago de Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Off Little River Inlet, South<br />

Carolina; southern Florida, including Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

to Puerto Rico; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Williams, 1984).

---

32 Checklist<br />

Catapagurus sharrei A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Forest and De Saint Laurent,<br />

1967:151, figs. 124-135.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic south to Brazil<br />

(Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967).<br />

Iridopagurus caribbensis (A. Milne Edwards<br />

and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:207, fig. 146.<br />

Type-locality: Flannegan P<strong>as</strong>sage, Virgin<br />

Islands, Blake Stn. 142.<br />

Distribution: ESE of Charleston, South<br />

Carolina (32°34'N, 79°05'W); WSW of<br />

Panama City, Florida (30°19'N, 86°15.5*W);<br />

southern Florida, Virgin Islands, and<br />

Guadeloupe (Williams, 1984). E<strong>as</strong>t and west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Alabama; Bahama Islands;<br />

Lesser Antilles; Venezuela; Curacao; off Santa<br />

Marta, Colombia (Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />

Iridopagurus globulus De Saint Laurent-<br />

Dechance\ 1966<br />

Description: De Saint Laurent-Dechanc6,<br />

1966:169, figs. 28, 33, 38.<br />

Type-locality: Northwest Providence Channel,<br />

Bahama Islands, Gerda Stn. 522.<br />

Distribution: The Straits of Florida; the<br />

Northwest Province Channel, Bahama Islands;<br />

off Barbados, and Golfo de Uraba, Colombia<br />

(Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />

Iridopagurus iris (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1893:112 (in part), pi. 8: figs. 14-25.--Garcia-<br />

Gomez, 1983:16.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados, Blake Stn. 290.<br />

Distribution: Known in the western Atlantic<br />

from southern Florida, off northwest Little<br />

Bahama Bank south to North Bahama Islands,<br />

Puerto Rico, Saint Vincent in the Windward<br />

Islands, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago,<br />

French Guiana, Venezuela, Colombia, off<br />

Southwest Cay in the southwestern Caribbean,<br />

and Isl<strong>as</strong> Mujeres, off the Yucatan Peninsula,<br />

Mexico (Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />

Iridopagurus reticulatus Garcia G6mez, 1983<br />

Description: Garcia-G6mez, 1983:37, figs. 3,4.<br />

Type-locality: Off north co<strong>as</strong>t of Crooked<br />

Island, Bahama Islands; 3-5 m.<br />

Distribution: Off the co<strong>as</strong>t of North Carolina;<br />

off Bermuda; Hollywood Beach, Florida; Cay<br />

Sal; off the Grand Bahama Island, southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

through various localities off the Bahama<br />

Islands, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, the<br />

United States Virgin Islands, the Leeward<br />

Islands and Bonaire in the Lesser Antilles,<br />

Venezuela, Curacao, Colombia, Surinam and<br />

to its southern and e<strong>as</strong>tern range, off French<br />

Guiana (Garcia-G6mez, 1983).<br />

Iridopagurus violaceus De Saint Laurent-<br />

Dechance\ 1966<br />

Description: De Saint Laurent-Dechance\<br />

1966:165, figs. 16,22, 26, 31, 36.<br />

Type-locality: Off Fernando do Norhona,<br />

Brazil, Calypso Stn, 19.<br />

Distribution: Off the west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, the<br />

Florida Keys, Little Bahama Bank and off<br />

C<strong>as</strong>tle Roads, South co<strong>as</strong>t of Bermuda;<br />

through the Antillean arc, from Antigua to the<br />

Grenadines, off the north co<strong>as</strong>t of Venezuela,<br />

Colombia and Panama, and from off the co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Tobago southe<strong>as</strong>t to French Guiana; Brazil<br />

(Garcfa-G6mez, 1983).<br />

Manucomplanus corallinus (Benedict, 1892)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:224, fig. 160.<br />

Type-locality: Off Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico between Cedar<br />

Keys, Florida, and Mississippi delta; off Cape<br />

Catoche, Yucatan (Williams, 1984).<br />

Nematopaguroides pusillus Forest and Saint<br />

Laurent, 1967<br />

Description: Forest and St. Laurent 1967:159,<br />

figs. 142-146.<br />

Type-locality: Calypso Stn. 23, Brazil,<br />

08 o l9,5'S, 34 0 39*W, 75 m.<br />

Distribution: Southern Florida and the typelocality.<br />

Ostraconotus spatulipes A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1893:169, pi. 12.<br />

Type-locality: Sigsbee Stn. 50; 119 fathoms<br />

26°31'N, 85°53'E; Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida and Barbados.<br />

Pagurus annulipes (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:210, fig. 148.<br />

Type-locality: Beaufort Harbor, North<br />

Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />

to at le<strong>as</strong>t northern Florida (Mclaughlin, 1975).

---

Pagurus brevidactylus (Stimpson, 1859)<br />

Description: Lemaitre et al., 1982:675.<br />

Type-locality: Bathsheba, Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic from Bermuda,<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida and Baham<strong>as</strong> to Brazil;<br />

Caribbean; Gulf of Mexico (Lemaitre et al.,<br />

1982).<br />

Pagurus carolinensis McLaughlin, 1975<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:212, fig. 150.<br />

Type-locality: Black Rocks, off New River,<br />

North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Newport River (Kellogg, 1971)<br />

and Cape Lookout, North Carolina, to<br />

Southern Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852)<br />

Description: Dana, 1852:448.~Lemaitreetal.,<br />

1982:684, figs, la, b.<br />

Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico; Caribbean; south<br />

Atlantic from Brazil to Argentina (Lemaitre et<br />

al., 1982).<br />

Pagurus defensus (Benedict, 1892)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:213, fig. 151.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico between delta of<br />

Mississippi River and Cedar Keys, Florida, 55<br />

m.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />

Georgia; Torgug<strong>as</strong>, Florida, to Alabama<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Pagurus gymnodactylus Lemaitre, 1982<br />

Description: Lemaitre, 1982:657.~Lemaitre et<br />

al., 1982:687.<br />

Type-locality: 21.75 mi. northe<strong>as</strong>t Cedar Keys<br />

Light, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico from Mexico to<br />

west Florida (Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />

Pagurus impressus (Benedict, 1892)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:215, fig. 153.<br />

Type-locality: Boca Ciega Bay, inner shore of<br />

Pine Key (mouth of Tampa Bay), Florida<br />

(from holotype jar label).<br />

Distribution: Off Diamond Shoals, North<br />

Carolina, to near Cape Canaveral, Florida;<br />

Florida Bay, near Flamingo, north to vicinity<br />

of Pensacola, Florida (Cooley, 1978); Port<br />

Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1817<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:216, fig. 154.<br />

Type-locality: "Inhabits bay shore" (e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Checklist 33<br />

of United States).<br />

Distribution: Min<strong>as</strong> B<strong>as</strong>in and Chigneci > Bay<br />

(Bousfield and Leim 1960) to Hutchinson<br />

Island, Florida (Camp et al., 1977);<br />

southwestern Florida to co<strong>as</strong>t of Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Provenzano 1959; Rouse 1970; Whitten et al.,<br />

1950; Williams, 1984).<br />

Pagurus maclaughlinae Garcia-Gomez, 1982<br />

Description: Garcia-Gomez, 1982:647, figs.<br />

1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Wading Beach, Matheson<br />

Hammock, Miami, Florida.<br />

Distribution: From northern Gulf of Mexico to<br />

Florida Keys, and from central e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida<br />

to Puerto Rico (Garcia-Gomez, 1982).<br />

Pagurus marshi Benedict, 1901<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1959:405, fig. 17.—<br />

Lemaitre et al., 1982:680.<br />

Type-locality: Ponce, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: South Florida, through Caribbean<br />

to Colombia (Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />

Pagurus piercei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:218, fig. 155.<br />

Type-locality: 39 mi. SE Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>,<br />

73 m.<br />

Distribution: Tex<strong>as</strong> around the gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida to Georgia.<br />

Pagurus politus (Smith, 1882)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:219, fig. 156.<br />

Type-locality: Not designated in original<br />

description, but syntypes from four localities<br />

off New Jersey to M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts were<br />

indicated by Smith (1882). The male he<br />

illustrated, is in the type collection of USNM<br />

(21452), from off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 40°03*48"N, 70°45*54"W, 130<br />

m, Fish Hawk Stn. 922; others in the collection<br />

of MCZ, Harvard University, are from United<br />

States Fish Commission Stn. 309,<br />

40°11'40"N, 68°22'10"W, 556 m, and Stn.<br />

310, 39 0 59'16"N, 70°18'30"W, 475.5 m<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Distribution: Georges Bank to off Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida (Williams, 1974c).<br />

Pagurus pollkaris Say, 1817<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:220, fig. 157.<br />

Type-locality: (E<strong>as</strong>t) "co<strong>as</strong>t of the United<br />

States".<br />

Distribution: Grand Manan, New Brunswick,

---

34 Checklist<br />

to northe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida; Key West, Florida, to<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong> (Provenzano, 1959, in part).<br />

Pagurus provenzanoi Forest and De Saint<br />

Laurent, 1967<br />

Description: Forest and De Saint Laurent,<br />

1967:118, figs. 72-77,93, 94.- Lemaitre et<br />

al., 1982:672.<br />

Type-locality: Calypso Stn. 27,08°25.5'S,<br />

30°48.5'W.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda southe<strong>as</strong>tern Florida<br />

and Baham<strong>as</strong> through e<strong>as</strong>tern Caribbean to<br />

Brazil, south <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> Uruguay; western<br />

Caribbean from Yucatan Peninsula to Colombia<br />

(Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />

Pagurus stimpsoni (A. Milne Edwards and<br />

Bouvier, 1893)<br />

Description: Lemaitre et al., 1982:687, fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: West Co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic from North<br />

Carolina to Florida; Gulf of Mexico; Caribbean<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of South America (Lemaitre et al., 1982).<br />

Phimochirus holthuisi (Provenzano, 1961)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:225, fig. 161.<br />

Type-locality: Sand patch on coral rock<br />

bottom, 4.5 mi. SE Ram's Head, St. John,<br />

Virgin Islands, 15-18 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina<br />

(Herbst et al., 1979) to Alabama(?); through<br />

West Indies to Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />

Phimochirus leurocarpus McLaughlin, 1981<br />

Description: McLaughlin, 1981b:356, figs. 4f,<br />

9b, 10b, lla-f, 12a-e.<br />

Type-locality: Pillsbury Stn. 736, 10°57'N,<br />

65°52'W.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda, Straits of Florida,<br />

Caribbean Sea south of Puerto Rico and north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Venezueala (McLaughlin, 1981b).<br />

Phimochirus operculatus (Stimpson, 1859)<br />

Description: McLaughlin, 1981b:336, figs. 4a,<br />

5a, 7a.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: South Florida, Cur<strong>as</strong>ao,<br />

Colombia (McLaughlin, 1981b).<br />

Phimochirus randalli (Provenzano, 1961)<br />

Description: Provenzano, 1961:159, fig. 2.-<br />

McLaughlin, 1981b: 340, figs. 4b, 5b, 7b.<br />

Type-locality: Ridge 5 mi. southe<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Lameshur Bay, St. John, Virgin Islands.<br />

Distribution: Bahama Islands; Straits of<br />

Florida, e<strong>as</strong>tern and western Caribbean<br />

(McLaughlin, 1981b).<br />

Pylopaguropsis atlantica W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963<br />

Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963:153, fig. 10.<br />

Type-locality: Off Surinam, 07°25'N,<br />

54°35*W; 137-146 m; Oregon Stn. 2289.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-locality and<br />

Florida (27°47.3'N, 79°57.6'W, 95-99m)<br />

(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Pylopagurus discoidalis (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:226, fig. 162.<br />

Type-locality: Montserrat, 220 m.<br />

Distribution: ENE Oregon Inlet, North<br />

Carolina (Provenzano, 1963), through e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to mouth of<br />

Amazon River, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Rhodochirus rosaceus (A. Milne Edwards<br />

and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:227, fig. 163.<br />

Type-locality: Grenada, 168 m.<br />

Distribution: South of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; southern Florida; Grenada and<br />

Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />

Solenopagurus Meatus' (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963:139, fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: 07°25'N 54°35W; 135-145 m;<br />

Oregon Stn. 2289.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina to Surinam<br />

(W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963).<br />

Tomopaguropsis problematica (A. Milne<br />

Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:228, figs. 164-165.<br />

Type-locality: Near Sand Key (SSW Key West,<br />

Florida), 228.6 m.<br />

Distribution: NE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; southern Florida and Baham<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Barbados; off Hondur<strong>as</strong> (16°39'N, 82°29*W)<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Tomopagurus chacei (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

Description: McLaughlin, I981a:21, figs, lh,<br />

7h, 8g.~W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963: figs. 1 la-g.<br />

Type-locality: Off Surinam, Oregon Stn.<br />

2289,07°25'N, 54°35'W.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic and Caribbean<br />

(McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />

Tomopagurus cokeri (Hay, 1917)<br />

Description: Hay, 1917:73.--McLaughlin,

---

1981a:13, figs. Id, 2a, 3a, 4a, 7a, 8a.<br />

Type-locality: Thirty miles S of Cape Lookout<br />

(lightship), North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico<br />

and Caribbean (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />

Tomopagurus cubensis (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963:134, figs. la-d.~<br />

McLaughlin, 1981a:21, figs, le, 7e, 8e.<br />

Type-locality: North of Matanz<strong>as</strong> Province,<br />

Cuba, Atlantis Stn. 3480,23°10'N, 81°28'W.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic and Caribbean;<br />

183-366 m (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />

Tomopagurus rubropunctatus A. Milne<br />

Edwards and Bouvier, 1893<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1893:71, pi. 6: figs. 1-6.- McLaughlin,<br />

1981a: 10, figs. la,7d,8d.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, Blake Stn. 290.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic and Caribbean<br />

Sea (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />

Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si McLaughlin, 1981<br />

Description: McLaughlin, 198la: 14, figs, lb,<br />

2b, 3b, 4b, 5,6,7b, 7c, 8b.<br />

Type-locality: Off Venezuela, Oregon Stn.<br />

1985,09°41'N,59 o 47 , W.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>tern United States,<br />

Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean,<br />

to northern Brazil (McLaughlin, 1981a).<br />

FAMILY CHIROSTYLIDAE<br />

Uroptychus armatus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1897: 132, pi. 11: figs. 3, pi. 12: figs. 8, 9.<br />

Type-locality: Blake Stn. 241,163 fathoms,<br />

off Cariacou, Venezuela.<br />

Distribution: Cariacou, Venezuela; Florida<br />

(personal communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />

FAMILY GALATHEIDAE<br />

Galathea rostrata A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:232, fig. 167.<br />

Type-locality: 16 mi. north of Jolbos Island<br />

(Yucatan Peninsula), at 26 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina to southern Florida, northwestern<br />

Florida to Mississippi delta, and off Cape<br />

Catoche, Yucatan, Mexico (Gore, 1979).<br />

Munida angulata Benedict, 1902<br />

Description: Benedict, 1902:252, fig. 4.<br />

Checklist 35<br />

Distribution: Florida (29°40'N, 80°16*W, 64<br />

m; 29°19.4'N, 80°17.7'W, 45.7 m) (personal<br />

communication with D. K. Camp).<br />

Munida affinis A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:48.—<br />

Chace, 1942b:55, fig. 22.<br />

Type-locality: Off St. Kitts, West Indies.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-locality,<br />

north and south co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba (Chace, 1942b).<br />

100 miles south of Panama City, Florida, 183<br />

m (personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Munida forceps A. Milne Edwards, 18 80<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:49.--<br />

Chace, 1942b:39, fig. 15.<br />

Type-locality: Off Alacran Reef, north of<br />

Yucatan, in 154 m.<br />

Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba and<br />

throughout the Gulf of Mexico (Pequegnat and<br />

Pequegnat, 1970). Florida (122-215 m)<br />

(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Munida iris iris A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:233, fig. 168.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados, 382 m, Blake<br />

Stn. 274.<br />

Distribution: SSE of Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, through southe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />

Mexico to near Cozumel Island, Yucatan, and<br />

through Caribbean islands to off mouth of<br />

Amazon River (Williams, 1984).<br />

Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:234, fig. 169.<br />

Type-locality: Not designated with certainty;<br />

syntypes from 10 localities in the Gulf of<br />

Mexico and Caribbean, (MCZ) (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />

Caribbean Sea to 34°14'S, 51°40'W off<br />

Uruguay; "600 mi. off St. Davids, Bermuda"<br />

(USNM) (Williams, 1984).<br />

Munida longipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:235, fig. 170.<br />

Type-locality: Not designated with certainty;<br />

syntypes from 7 localities off Cuba and the<br />

Lesser Antilles (MCZ).<br />

Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico to British<br />

Hondur<strong>as</strong>, and through West Indies to Curacao<br />

(Williams, 1984).

---

36 Checklist<br />

Munida miles A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:51.--<br />

Chace, 1942b:36.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico; Blake Stn. 45;<br />

of Havana, Cuba, Blake Stn. 53.<br />

Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf<br />

of Mexico; the Caribbean off Hondur<strong>as</strong><br />

(Pequegnat and Pequegnat, 1970) and<br />

throughout the Lesser Antilles; south <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong><br />

Pernambuco, Brazil.<br />

Munida pusilla Benedict, 1902<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:236, fig. 171.<br />

Type-locality: Albatross Stn. 2405, Gulf of<br />

Mexico (south of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida,<br />

28°45'N, 85°02*W, 55 m).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to Straits of Florida and through<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico to Yucatan; Colombia<br />

and Trinidad (Williams, 1984).<br />

Munida santipauli Henderson, 1885<br />

Description: Henderson, 1885:41 l.-Chace,<br />

1942b:38.<br />

Type-locality: Saint Peter and Saint Paul<br />

Rocks (00°56*N, 29°22'W), Atlantic Ocean.<br />

Distribution: In Western Atlantic from off<br />

Florida to St. Paul's Rocks and in the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Atlantic from the Azores to the African co<strong>as</strong>t in<br />

the region of the Canary Islands; off South<br />

Africa (Chace, 1942b).<br />

Munida simplex Benedict, 1902<br />

Description: Benedict, 1902:272, fig. 19.<br />

Type-locality: Albatross Stn. 2169; depth 140 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Havana, Cuba; Florida.<br />

Munida spinifrons Henderson, 1885<br />

Description: Henderson, 1888:144, pi. 15,<br />

fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Challenger Stn. 113A, off<br />

Fernando Noronha; 7-25 fathoms.<br />

Distribution: Southern Florida and the typelocality.<br />

Munida stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1897:48, pi. 4: figs. 1-13.<br />

Type-locality: The original material w<strong>as</strong><br />

collected from 20 Blake stations throughout the<br />

West Indies. A type-locality w<strong>as</strong> not<br />

designated although the description w<strong>as</strong><br />

apparently b<strong>as</strong>ed on material from Blake Stn.<br />

143,150 fathoms, 17°30'N, 69°43.5'E (A.<br />

Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897).<br />

Distribution: From north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba<br />

through the West Indian regions to Grenada<br />

(Chace, 1942b). 100 miles south of Panama<br />

City, Florida, 183 m (personal communication,<br />

D. K. Camp).<br />

Munida valida Smith, 1883<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:237, fig. 172,173.<br />

Type-locality: Off Southern New England Fish<br />

Hawk Stn. 1112, 39 0 56 r N, 70 o 35W, 448 m;<br />

Stn. 1124,40°01'N,68 0 54 , W, 1171 m.<br />

Distribution: Off southern New England<br />

through Gulf of Mexico to Golfo de<br />

Morrosquillo, Colombia, and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Munidopsis armata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Chace, 1942b:74.~Mayo,<br />

1974:72, figs. 6, 7.<br />

Type-locality: Fredericksted (St. Croix, Virgin<br />

Islands), Blake Stn. 137, 1144m.<br />

Distribution: Known from the Caribbean and<br />

from the Straits of Florida south to British<br />

Guiana in the western Atlantic (Mayo, 1974).<br />

Munidopsis platirostris (A. Milne Edwards<br />

and Bouvier, 1894)<br />

Description: Chace, 1942b:75.~Mayo,<br />

1974:216, fig. 31.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados, 183 m.<br />

Distribution: Known in the western Atlantic<br />

from the Straits of Florida, Arrowsmith Bank<br />

in the northwest Caribbean, north and south of<br />

the Dominican Republic, and in the Lesser<br />

Antilles (southe<strong>as</strong>tern Caribbean) from<br />

Dominica to Barbados (Mayo, 1974).<br />

Munidopsis polita (Smith, 1883)<br />

Description: Smith, 1883:50, pi. 2: fig. l,pl.<br />

3: figs. 1-5. -Pequegnat and Pequegnat,<br />

1970:155.<br />

Type-locality: Western North Atlantic (off<br />

Martha's Vineyard), Fish Hawk Stn.<br />

Distribution: Off the e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of the United<br />

States (off Martha's Vineyard) and in NW Gulf<br />

of Mexico. Florida (182-212 m) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Family Porcellanidae<br />

Euceramus praelongus Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:239, fig. 174.<br />

Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Delaware Bay (USNM; Watling<br />

and Maurer, 1976) to Arans<strong>as</strong> area of Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

co<strong>as</strong>t (Williams, 1984).

---

Megalobrachium poeyi (Guerin-Meneville,<br />

1855)<br />

Description: Benedict, 1901:136, pi. 3: fig. 8.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Widely distributed from e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Central Florida throughout the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Caribbean to Brazil, rarely in Panama (Gore<br />

and Abele, 1976).<br />

Megalobrachium soriatum (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:240, fig. 175.<br />

Type-locality: St. Catherines Island, Georgia.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West Indies<br />

to Barbadoes; Contoy, Mexico; Bahaia<br />

Caledonia and Galeta Island, Panama<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Neopisosoma angustifrons (Benedict, 1901)<br />

Description: Benedict, 1901:135, pi. 3: fig. 6.<br />

Type-locality: Trinidad.<br />

Distribution: Known from the southwestern<br />

Gulf of Mexico, the Lesser Antilles, Trinidad,<br />

Cubagua, Isl<strong>as</strong> La Tortuga, Bonaire, Curacao,<br />

Panama and Venezuela; littoral (Gore and<br />

Abele, 1976). Florida (personal<br />

communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />

Pachycheles ackleianus A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1923:295, pi. 2: fig. 12, pi. 4: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Blake Stn. 11, off west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida, and Stn. 39, Jolbos Islands.<br />

Distribution: Tampa Bay, Florida; Gulf of<br />

Mexico; North of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Jolbos<br />

Islands, North of Yucatan; Jamaica; St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong>; Barbados (Haig, 1956).<br />

Pachycheles monilifer (Dana, 1852)<br />

Description: Dana, 1852:413; 1855, pi. 26:<br />

fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Outer Hillsboro Reef, Florida;<br />

Contoy, Mexico; Isla Cubagua, Venezuela;<br />

Mamanguape, Brazil; Pernambuco; Rio de<br />

Janeiro; Bahia, Brazil (Haig, 1956).<br />

Pachycheles pilosus (H. Milne Edwards,<br />

1837)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:241, fig. 176.<br />

Type-locality: Vicinity of Charleston, South<br />

Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Charleston, South Carolina; Key<br />

West to Sar<strong>as</strong>ota Bay, Florida; through West<br />

Indies to Tobago and Aruba (Williams, 1984).<br />

Checklist 37<br />

Pachycheles riisei (Stimpson, 1858)<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935a:188, fig. 48.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Florida, Key West; Puerto Rico;<br />

St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Barbados; Una Trindade; Maceio,<br />

Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Haig, 1956).<br />

Pachycheles rugimanus A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:242, fig. 177.<br />

Type-locality: Contoy and W of Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through Florida to St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Virgin Islands, and Contoy Island, Mexico;<br />

Pernambuco, Brazil (Coelho, 1964; Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Parapetrolisthes tortugensis (Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945)<br />

Description: Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945:228, fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: In and around Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; off Isla La<br />

Tortuga, Venezuela; Virgin Islands.<br />

Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Haig, 1960:50, pi. 19: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Florida.<br />

Distribution: Widely distributed from the<br />

tropical western co<strong>as</strong>t of Africa, the e<strong>as</strong>t central<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, the Gulf of Mexico and<br />

throughout the Caribbean <strong>as</strong> far south <strong>as</strong> Santa<br />

Catharina, Brazil; in the e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific from<br />

the Gulf of California, Mexico, to Peru (Gore<br />

and Abele, 1976).<br />

Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1802)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:243, fig. 178.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Ilha Trinidade off<br />

Brazil; Pacific Ocean from Isla San Luc<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Costa Rica, to off La Libertad, Ecuador<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Petrolisthes jugosus Streets, 1872<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935a: 185.-Gore and<br />

Abele, 1976:11.<br />

Type-locality: Saint Martin Islands.<br />

Distribution: Known from the southwestern<br />

Gulf of Mexico, the Antilles in the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Caribbean, Trinidad, Tobago, and some<br />

islands along the northern co<strong>as</strong>t of South<br />

america, westward to Panama; Boca Raton,<br />

Palm Beach County, Florida (Gore and Abele,<br />

1976).

---

38 Checklist<br />

Petrolisthes politus (Gray, 1831)<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935a: 187.-- Gore and<br />

Abele, 1976:12.<br />

Type-locality: Not designated.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; Vera Cruz,<br />

Mexico; Puerto Rico; West Indies; Panama;<br />

Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />

Polyonyx gibbesi Haig, 1956<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:244, fig. 179.<br />

Type-locality: Co<strong>as</strong>t of South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Woods Hole, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />

Uruguay (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />

Porcellana sayana (Leach, 1820)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:245, fig. 180.<br />

Type-locality: Co<strong>as</strong>t of Georgia and Florida.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />

around Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />

Rio Grande de Sul, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />

1972).<br />

Porcellana sigsbeiana A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:246, fig. 181.<br />

Type-locality: Blake Stn. 49, off delta of<br />

Mississippi River, 216 m; 36, north of<br />

Yucatan, 154 m; 142, Flannegan P<strong>as</strong>sage<br />

(Virgin Islands), 49 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to southwestern Caribbean Sea<br />

off Colombia (Gore, 1970); West Indies to<br />

Virgin Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />

Porcellana stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1923:292, pi. 1: figs. 4-5.<br />

Type-locality: Woman Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida, Woman Key.<br />

FAMILY ALBUNEIDAE<br />

Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:248, fig. 182.<br />

Type-locality: St. Augustine, Florida.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West<br />

Indies to Sao Seb<strong>as</strong>tiao, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Albunea paretii Guenn-M6neville, 1853<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:249, fig. 182,183.<br />

Type-locality: (Uncertain), America.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, to<br />

Corpus Christi, Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />

Santa Catarina, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />

1972); West Africa from Cape Verde Islands<br />

and Senegal to Ghana (Williams, 1984).<br />

Lepidopa benedicti Schmitt, 1935<br />

Description: Efford, 1971:76, figs, la, 23, 3a,<br />

43, p, q, 5a, 63, n, 7a.<br />

Type-locality: The outer beach of Santa Rosa<br />

Island, Pensacola, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida; Gulf of Mexico; SE of<br />

Veracruz, near Mocambo, Mexico.<br />

Lepidopa websteri Benedict, 1903<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:250, fig. 184.<br />

Type-locality: Beach near Fort Macon (Carteret<br />

County), North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Around mouth of Chesapeake<br />

Bay (larvae); Drum Inlet, North Carolina, to<br />

Sapelo Island, Georgia; Tampa Bay, Florida;<br />

Ship Island and Petit Bois Island, Mississippi<br />

(Efford, 1971; Sandifer and Van Engle, 1972;<br />

Sandifer 1973; Williams, 1984).<br />

Zygopa michaelis Holthuis, 1960<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1960:22, fig. 1, 2.<br />

Type-locality: Sint Michiels Baai, south co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Netherlands Antilles; sandybottom;<br />

depth about 4 m.<br />

Distribution: From Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, in southern<br />

Caribbean, to southern Florida and e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Gulf of Mexico.<br />

FAMILY HIPPIDAE<br />

Emerita benedicti Schmitt, 1935<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:251, fig. 185.<br />

Type-locality: Tampa Bay, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Charleston County, South<br />

Carolina, to Veracruz, Mexico (Efford, 1976).<br />

Emerita portoricensis Schmitt, 1935<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935a:215, figs. 72a, b.<br />

Type-locality: Mayaguez, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: South and West Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Hondur<strong>as</strong>; Colombia; Puerto Rico; Jamaica;<br />

Trinidad (Schmitt, 1935a).<br />

Emerita talpoida (Say, 1817)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:252, fig. 186.<br />

Type-locality: (E<strong>as</strong>t) co<strong>as</strong>t of United States.<br />

Distribution: Harwich [Barnstable County],<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to Horn Island, Mississippi;<br />

Progreso, Yucatan, Mexico (Schmitt, 1935a;<br />

Efford, 1976).<br />

Hippa cubensis (Saussure, 1857)<br />

Description: Schmitt, 1935a:217.

---

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Florida to Brazil; West Indies;<br />

Ascension Island; Baham<strong>as</strong>; West Africa;<br />

Puerto Rico, Hucares, St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Schmitt,<br />

1935a).<br />

INFRAORDER BRACHYURA<br />

FAMILY DROMIIDAE<br />

Dromia erythropus (George Edwards, 1771)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:31, fig. 11, pi. 6:<br />

figs. 1,2, pi. 8: figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Not indicated.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />

and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off Louisiana and Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />

north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamica; Haiti; Puerto Rico;<br />

St. Thom<strong>as</strong> to Barbados; Netherlands Antilles;<br />

Pernambuco to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Dromidia antittensis Stimpson, 1858<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:255, fig. 187.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Island, Key<br />

Biscayne and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and<br />

Caribbean Sea to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;<br />

Bermuda; Saint Helena (Forest, 1974;<br />

Williams, 1984).<br />

Hypoconcha arcuata Stimpson, 1858<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:257, fig. 188.<br />

Type-locality: South Carolina sandy shores<br />

and St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Virgin Island).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to west Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />

Island; Surinam (Holthuis, 1959) to Espirito<br />

Santo, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Hypoconcha sabulosa (Herbst, 1799)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:258, fig. 189.<br />

Type-locality: Listed <strong>as</strong> "Africa" (probably an<br />

error).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico to Bahia,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Hypoconcha spinosissima Rathbun, 1933<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:258, fig. 190.<br />

Type-locality: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, 89.6 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico off Mississippi<br />

delta and Yucatan; Jamaica (Williams, 1984).<br />

Checklist 39<br />

FAMILY HOMOLODROMIIDAE<br />

Dicranodromia ovata A. Milne Edwar<strong>as</strong>, 1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:60, fig. 15, pi. 13:<br />

figs. 3-4.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, 329 m.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida;<br />

Florida Keys and Straits; off north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Cuba; northwest Caribbean Sea; Guadeloupe;<br />

Barbados (Powers, 1977).<br />

FAMILY CYMONOMIDAE<br />

Cymonomus quadratus A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:98, fig. 23, pi.<br />

30: fig. 3, pi. 31: fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: Havana to Grenada, 320-930 m.<br />

Distribution: Northwest of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Cuba; Puerto Rico; Lesser Antilles, from St.<br />

Croix to Grenada (Powers, 1977).<br />

Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi A. Milne Edwards and<br />

Bouvier, 1899<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:100, pi. 30: fig.<br />

2, pi. 31: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Sand Key, 137 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Straits; Florida Keys;<br />

Puerto Rico (Powers, 1977).<br />

FAMILY CYCLODORIPPIDAE<br />

Clythrocerus granulatus (Rathbun, 1898)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:259, fig. 191.<br />

Type-locality: Off Trinidad.<br />

Distribution: ESE Cape Lookout, and SE Cape<br />

Fear, North Carolina; Hondur<strong>as</strong>; southern<br />

Florida through Antilles to Venezuela and<br />

Trinidad (Williams, 1984).<br />

Clythrocerus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:109, figs. 26,27,<br />

pi. 33: figs. 1, 2.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Keys and Grenada.<br />

Distribution: South Carolina to west Florida;<br />

Florida Keys; Grenada; 12-479 m.<br />

Clythrocerus stimpsoni Rathbun, 1937<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:121, fig. 32, pi.<br />

34: figs. 1, 2.<br />

Type-locality: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; 183 m.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the type<br />

specimen.<br />

Tymolus antennaria (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:104, fig. 24, pi.

---

40 Checklist<br />

32: figs. 1, 2.<br />

Type-locality: Twenty stations, ranging from<br />

Havana to Barbados, 158 to 517 m.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; north co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Yucatan (Gulf); north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Puerto<br />

Rico; Lesser Antilles, from Dominica to<br />

Grenada (Powers, 1977). Florida (26°48'N,<br />

84°37'W, 190.5-210 m) (personal<br />

communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

FAMILY HOMOLIDAE<br />

Homola barbata (Fabricius, 1793)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:261, fig. 193.<br />

Type-locality: Bay of Naples.<br />

Distribution: Off southe<strong>as</strong>tern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts<br />

to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic Ocean<br />

from Portugal and Azores to Cape Verde<br />

Islands and Angola; South Africa;<br />

Mediterranean Sea (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY LATREILLHDAE<br />

Latreillia manningi Williams, 1982<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:262, fig. 194.<br />

Type-locality: American Shoal Light, Florida,<br />

about 10 mi. N by W, 192-201 m.<br />

Distribution: Nantucket Shoals off<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts to off Havana, Cuba; Venezuela;<br />

Ascension Island; Frost (1936) reported a<br />

megalopa off Newfoundland (Williams, 1984).<br />

Florida (64 m) (personal communication, P.<br />

M. Mikkelsen).<br />

FAMILY RANINIDAE<br />

Lyreidus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards, 1880:34.--<br />

Goeke, 1980:149.<br />

Type-locality: Grenada, British West Indies,<br />

uuStn. 259, 288m.<br />

Distribution: Martha's Vineyard; Gulf of<br />

Mexico; Greater Antilles; off Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida;<br />

off Surinam, NE of Paramaribo; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Venezuela, off Puerto Cabello.<br />

Ranilia constricta (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:265, fig. 196.<br />

Type-locality: Near Sombrero (Florida?), 86<br />

m. (see Rathbun, 1937).<br />

Distribution: SE of Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />

33°42'N, 76°39.5'W, 140 m; Palm Beach,<br />

Florida, to Florida Straits and Yucatan<br />

Channel; Cuba; off Barbados; Ascension<br />

Island; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from Sierra Le<strong>one</strong> and<br />

Annobon Island (Manning and Holthuis,<br />

1981).<br />

Ranilia muricata H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:266, fig. 197.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />

Straits; southern to northwestern Florida; Swan<br />

Island (Caribbean), Colombia.<br />

Raninoides loevis (Latreille, 1825)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:267, fig. 198.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: S Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, 35°03.2N,<br />

75°35.1W; around Gulf of Mexico and<br />

southern Caribbean Sea, including Leeward<br />

Islands, to Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Raninoides louisianensis Rathbun, 1933<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:12, figs. 6, 7, pi.<br />

1: figs. 5,6.<br />

Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t of Mississippi delta, 122 m.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, from the<br />

Mississippi delta to Campeche Banks (Powers,<br />

1977). South of Appalachicola Bay, Florida<br />

(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Symethis variolosa (Fabricius, 1793)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:264, fig. 195.<br />

Type-locality: "In oceano Indico."<br />

Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, 34°10'N, 76° 10*W, through western<br />

Gulf of Mexico (Goeke, 1980) to Bahia,<br />

Brazil; Fernando de Noronha.<br />

FAMILY DORIPPIDAE<br />

Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana A. Milne<br />

Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:269, fig. 199.<br />

Type-localities: West Florida, 23.7 m, and<br />

West Florida, 26°16'N, 36.6 m (A. Milne<br />

Edwards, 1880).<br />

Distribution: S of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina (34°06 r N, 76°15'W) to Gulf of<br />

Mexico and West Indies; Maranhao to Bahia,<br />

Brazil; Golfo de California; Taboga Island,<br />

Panama (Williams, 1984).<br />

Ethusa microphthalma Smith, 1881<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:269, fig. 200.<br />

Type-locality: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 260.6 m, Stn. 878, Fish<br />

Hawk, 39°55'00"N, 70°54'15"W.<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Cuba and around Gulf of<br />

Mexico (Pequegnat et al., 1971).

---

Ethusa tenuipes Rathbun, 1897<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:270, fig. 201.<br />

Type-locality: Off Key West, 91.5m.<br />

Distribution: ESE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina (94-77 m); E<strong>as</strong>t Florida to Gulf of<br />

Mexico E of Mississippi River delta; Cuba<br />

(Chace, 1940b; Williams, 1984).<br />

Ethusa truncata A. Milne Edwards and<br />

Bouvier, 1899<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:85, pi. 28: figs. 1-2.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico (Not Antilles)<br />

217-218 m.<br />

Distribution: Off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; off<br />

Mississippi delta and Louisiana; northwest of<br />

Trinidad (Powers, 1977).<br />

FAMILY CALAPPIDAE<br />

Acanthocarpus alexandti Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:271, fig. 202.<br />

Type-locality: Off Quicksands, Florida Keys,<br />

135 m.<br />

Distribution: George Bank off M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts<br />

to west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Puerto Rico to<br />

Grenadines; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Coelho and<br />

Ramos, 1972).<br />

Acanthocarpus bispinosus A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:224, pi. 68: figs.<br />

1-3.<br />

Type-locality: Reefs of the Grenadines, 256<br />

m.<br />

Distribution: Off West and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Florida; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Grenadines, Windward<br />

Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />

Calappa angusta A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:273, fig. 203.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern and southwestern<br />

Gulf of Mexico, to Venezuela (Turkay, 1968)<br />

and Grenada (Williams, 1984).<br />

Calappa flammea (Herbst, 1794)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:273, figs. 204-205.<br />

Type-locality: America.<br />

Distribution: Woods Hole region,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Florida Keys; Gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

United States and Mexico; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Bermuda<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:214, pi. 65:<br />

Checklist 41<br />

figs. 2,3.<br />

Type-locality: "E<strong>as</strong>t Indies."<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />

and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Puerto Rico; St. Croix to Barbados; Off<br />

Campeche snapper banks (Gulf of Mexico);<br />

Panama (Caribbean) to Venezuela; Netherlands<br />

Antilles; Ceara to Bahia, Brazil; St. Helena<br />

Island (South Atlantic); off Western Africa,<br />

from Senegal to Angola; South Africa; Red<br />

Sea; Reunion and Seychelles, in Persian Gulf;<br />

off India and Maldives; Philippines; Formosa;<br />

Japan; Marshall Inlands; Samoa; Hawaiian<br />

Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />

Calappa ocellata Holthuis, 1958<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:275, figs. 206-207.<br />

Type-locality: Klein Bonaire, Dutch West<br />

Indies.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Calappa sulcata Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:276, figs. 208-209.<br />

Type-locality: Off Louisiana 29°24'30"N,<br />

88*01'00"W,64m.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico to Sergipe, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Cycloes bairdii Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:278, fig. 210.<br />

Type-locality: Cape St. Luc<strong>as</strong>, Mexico.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; ESE Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina, to Esprrito Santo, Brazil, in<br />

west Atlantic; tip of Baja California to Ecuador<br />

and Galapagos Islands, including Clarion,<br />

Socorro and Cocos Islands, in e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Hepatus epheliticus (Linnaeus, 1763)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:279, fig. 211.<br />

Type-locality: Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Chesapeake Bay to western Bay<br />

of Campeche, Mexico (Rickner, 1977); Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Domimican Republic (Williams,<br />

1984)<br />

Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:280, figs. 212, 213.<br />

Type-locality: Martinique.<br />

Distribution: Georgia to State of Sao Paulo,<br />

Brazil, (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).

---

42 Checklist<br />

Osachila antillensis Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:251, pi. 77: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Off Havana, 209m.<br />

Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; St. Croix,<br />

Virgin Islands; Montserrat; Dominica;<br />

Barbados; Grenada (Powers, 1977). Florida<br />

(personal communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />

Osachila semilevis Rathbun, 1916<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:281, fig. 214.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, 48 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

northwest Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

Osachila tuberosa Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:282, fig. 215.<br />

Type-locality: Five stations among the south<br />

Florida reefs.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to northwest Florida and Yucatan<br />

Channel (Pequegnat 1970; Springer and Bullis,<br />

1956).<br />

FAMILY LEUCOSIJDAE<br />

Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:289, fig. 224.<br />

Type-locality: Three stations off Florida keys,<br />

29-69 m.<br />

Distribution: S of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina (Williams et al., 1968), through SE<br />

Gulf of Mexico to Panama and southe<strong>as</strong>tward<br />

to Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />

Ebalia cariosa (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:284, fig. 216.<br />

Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to west<br />

Florida; western Gulf of Mexico (Rickner,<br />

1977); Jamaica; northe<strong>as</strong>tern South America to<br />

Sao Paulo, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Ebalia stimpsonii A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:284, fig. 217.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, 13.72 to 91.45 m.<br />

Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; west Florida to Barbados; off mouth<br />

of Amazon River, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Iliacantha intermedia Miers, 1886<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:290, fig. 225.<br />

Type-locality: Bahia, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

NW Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />

Venezuela; Ceara and Bahia, Brazil (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Iliacantha liodactylus Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:186, text-fig. 41,<br />

pi. 55: figs. 1-2.<br />

Type-locality: North of Trinidad, West Indies.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; ?Haiti;<br />

Puerto Rico; St. John, Virgin Islands; Trinidad;<br />

Algo<strong>as</strong> to Bahia, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Iliacantha sparsa Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:190, pi. 56: figs.<br />

1-2.<br />

Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 55 m.<br />

Distribution: Northwest of the Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

off north and southe<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>ts of Puerto Rico;<br />

Barbados; Maranhao to Bahia, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Iliacantha subglobosa Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:290, fig. 226.<br />

Type-locality: Three stations in Florida reefs,<br />

73-146 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to northwest Florida; through e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea south to<br />

Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Lithadia cadaverosa Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:137, pi. 38: figs.<br />

3-6,<br />

Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 64 m, and off<br />

Conch Reef, Florida, 72 IIL<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida and northe<strong>as</strong>t portion of Gulf of<br />

Mexico (Powers, 1977).<br />

Lithadia granulosa A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:140, fig. 36.<br />

Type-locality: Off St. Croix Island, 210 m.<br />

Distribution: Known from type specimen and<br />

southern Florida (personal communication, P.<br />

A. McLaughlin).<br />

Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:287, fig. 222.<br />

Type-locality: Tennessee Reef, Florida Keys.<br />

Distribution: South of Martha's Vineyard,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to<br />

Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />

Persephona crinitaRathbun, 1931<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:163, pi. 43: figs.<br />

2, 3, pi. 44: figs. 1^3.<br />

Type-locality: Horn Island P<strong>as</strong>s, Mississippi,<br />

5 m.<br />

Distribution: Northwest Florida to Tex<strong>as</strong>;

---

Trinidad; Ilha Sao Seb<strong>as</strong>tiao, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Persephona medUerranea (Herbst, 1794)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:288, fig. 223.<br />

Type-locality: Err<strong>one</strong>ously, Mediterranean<br />

Sea.<br />

Distribution: New Jersey through Gulf of<br />

Mexico and Caribbean Sea to Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Speloeophorus elevatus Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:145, pi. 39: figs.<br />

7-9.<br />

Type-locality: Off Key West.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; Jamaica; off Cape<br />

St. Roque and from Maranhao to Alago<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Speloeophorus nodosus (Bell, 1855)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:285, figs. 218-219.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Florida; West Indies (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Speloeophorus pontifer (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:286, figs. 220-221.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout and<br />

off Beaufort, North Carolina, to west Florida;<br />

West Indies to Barbados (Williams, 1984).<br />

Uhli<strong>as</strong> limbatus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1937:150, pi. 36: figs.<br />

3-5.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: West of Key West, Florida; north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Haiti; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />

FAMILY MAJIDAE<br />

Acanthonyx petiverii H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:142, fig. 52, pi.<br />

44, pi. 222: figs. 1-6.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t and<br />

northwest Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Netherlands<br />

Antilles; Panama (Caribbean) to Rio de Janeiro,<br />

Brazil. Along the Pacific co<strong>as</strong>t, from Baja<br />

California to Caldera, Chile; Galapagos Islands<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman, 1873)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:29, text-fig. 7, pi.<br />

10.<br />

Checklist 43<br />

Type-locality: Deep water between the Faroes<br />

and Scotland.<br />

Distribution: Western Atlantic from Nantucket<br />

Shoals to Grenada. E<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic from<br />

Faroe Islands to Cape Verde; Mediterranean,<br />

Gough Island (South Atlantic); Agulh<strong>as</strong> Bank,<br />

near cape of Good Hope. Indian Ocean. West<br />

and South Pacific Ocean. South Australia<br />

(Rathbun, 1925).<br />

Aepinus septemspinosus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1879)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:292, fig. 227,241c.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Strait, 24°55'N,<br />

83°25 W, 67.7 m.<br />

Distribution: S Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />

34°10*N, 76°10'W; SW Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida, and Bahama Banks to Bahia, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Anosimus latus Rathbun, 1894<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:293, fig. 228,24In.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, e<strong>as</strong>t of delta of<br />

Missippi River, 29°14'30" N, 88°09'30"W,<br />

124.4 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico (Felder,<br />

1973) to Amapa, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos,<br />

1972).<br />

Anomalothir furcillatus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:294, fig. 229,241a.<br />

Type-locality: Off "The Samboes" (southern<br />

Florida), 225 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />

West Indies to Grenada (Williams, 1984).<br />

Arachnopsis filipes Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:295, fig. 230, 24Id.<br />

Type-locality: Off Conch, Carysfort and<br />

French reefs, Florida.<br />

Distribution: SE Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout,<br />

North Carolina; Gulf of Mexico off NW<br />

Florida; through West Indies to off Rio Grande<br />

do Norte, Brazil.<br />

Batrachonotus fragosus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:296,297, fig.<br />

231,241e.<br />

Type-locality: South of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, (Florida),<br />

24

---

44 Checklist<br />

Chorinus heros (Herbst, 1790)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:305, fig. 101, pi.<br />

107, pi. 246: figs. 3- 5; 1933:20, fig. 21.<br />

Type-locality: "Der Ocean."<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Keys and Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t or Yucatan,<br />

Mexico; Jamaica; Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; St.<br />

Croix; Barbados; Ceara to Bahia, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Coelocerus spinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:315, figs. 251,<br />

259i.<br />

Type-locality: Off Florida, 34.75 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />

to near Cape Canaveral, Florida; W Florida to<br />

E of Mississippi River delta (Williams, 1984).<br />

Collodes leptocheles Rathbun, 1894<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:117, fig. 42, pi.<br />

38: figs. 5-6.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, 124-309 m.<br />

Distribution: All quadrants of Gulf of Mexico<br />

except southe<strong>as</strong>t, off co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida,<br />

Alabama, and Tex<strong>as</strong>; off Vera Cruz, Mexico<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Collodes nudus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:110.<br />

Type-locality: Off Carysfort Reef, 73 m.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the male<br />

holotype off Carysfort Reef, Florida,<br />

25°13'40"N, 80°10*45"W; 73 m; sand.<br />

Collodes obesus A. Milne Edwards, 1878<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:109, pi. 36: figs.<br />

3,4, pi. 217: figs. 2-5.<br />

Type-locality: Near Sombrero, Florida Strait,<br />

99 m.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Collodes robustus Smith, 1883<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:114, text-fig. 36-<br />

41, pi. 29.-Williams, 1984:297, fig. 241g.<br />

Type-locality: Twenty-<strong>one</strong> stations between<br />

off Martha's Vineyard to off Chesapeake Bay,<br />

1-2 to 285 m.<br />

Distribution: North of Cape Cod, 42° 12N,<br />

70°13'W, to southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina (Williams, 1984). Florida (27°37'N,<br />

83°58'W, 73 m) [personal communication, D.<br />

K. Camp).<br />

Collodes trispinosus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:297, fig. 232,<br />

241f.<br />

Type-locality: Off the Quicksands, Carysfort<br />

Reef, and French Reef (Florida), 62.1 to 91 m.<br />

Distribution: Near Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, Norm<br />

Carolina, to south and west Florida near<br />

Apalachicola (Williams, 1984).<br />

Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards,<br />

1834<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:148, figs. 53a,<br />

54, pi..45: figs. 3,4.<br />

Type-locality: Chile.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Key West,<br />

Florida; Puerto Rico; Panama (Caribbean) to<br />

Colombia; Ceara to Pernambuco, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Epialtus dilatatus A. Milne Edwards, 1878<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:313, figs. 249,<br />

259d.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort Inlet and New<br />

River, North Carolina; southwest Florida;<br />

Yucatan; Baham<strong>as</strong> to St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Epialtus dilatatus forma elongata Rathbun,<br />

1923<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:154, fig. 53k, pi.<br />

48.<br />

Type-locality: Off Duck Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; south, west, and<br />

northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida.<br />

Epialtus kingsleyi Rathbun, 1923<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:152, pi. 45: fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida.<br />

Epialtus longirosttis Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:151, figs. 53g, 56.<br />

Type-locality: Ensenada Honda, Culebra<br />

Island.<br />

Distribution: Key West and west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida; Cuba; Jamaica; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />

Islands; northe<strong>as</strong>t Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Euprognatha gracilipes A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1878<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:101, pi. 34: figs.<br />

3,4.<br />

Type-locality: 23°32 r N, SSWW, 174 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; north co<strong>as</strong>t of

---

Yucatan; off north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Puerto Rico;<br />

St. Croix, Virgin Islands; Barbados; Amapa to<br />

Sao Paulo, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Euprognatha r<strong>as</strong>tellifera Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:298, figs. 233,<br />

241b.<br />

Type-locality: Southwest of Martha's<br />

Vineyard, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 40 o 00 r N, 70°57'W,<br />

155 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Georges Bank (40°35'N,<br />

67°37*W) to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Coelho and<br />

Ramos, 1972).<br />

Remus cristulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1875<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:325, fig. 261.<br />

Type-locality: Near Contoy (Yucatan), at the<br />

entrance to the Gulf of Mexico, 21.9 to 32.9 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina and South Carolina; northwest of Gulf<br />

of Mexico and Yucatan, through West Indies to<br />

Pernambuco, Brazil (Powers, 1977; Herbst et<br />

al., 1979).<br />

Inachoides forceps A. Milne Edwards, 1879<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:299, figs. 234,<br />

240i.<br />

Type-locality: Guiana and Desterro, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to Desterro<br />

(= Florianopolis), Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Leptopisa setirostris (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:375, pi. 134:<br />

figs. 1-3; pi. 253: fig. 2,<br />

Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />

Distribution: From Miami to northern Brazil;<br />

Puerto Rico, Vieques, Culebra, St. Thom<strong>as</strong><br />

(Rathbun, 1933).<br />

Libinia dubia H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:316, figs. 252,<br />

259g.<br />

Type-locality: "Cotes des Etats-Unis."<br />

Distribution: Cape Cod, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />

southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; Baham<strong>as</strong> and Cuba (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:318, figs. 253,<br />

259h.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Windsor, Nova Scotia, to<br />

western Gulf of Mexico (Williams, 1984).<br />

Checklist 45<br />

Libinia erinacea (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:321, pi. 10).<br />

Type-locality: 24°44'N, 83°26'W, between<br />

Florida and Cuba, 69 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; southe<strong>as</strong>t to<br />

northwest Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:326, figs. 262,<br />

275m.<br />

Type-locality: Near Key West (Florida), 3.7 to<br />

9.2 m.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort Harbor, North Carolina,<br />

around southern Florida to Alligator Harbor,<br />

Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

Macrocoeloma diplacanthum (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:478, pi. 169: fig.<br />

1, pi. 269: fig. 1-3.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Key West, Florida; Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />

Guadeloupe; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Netherlands Antilles;<br />

Old Providence Island (Caribbean) (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Macrocoeloma eutheca (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:327, figs. 263,<br />

275k.<br />

Type-locality: Off French Reef (Florida), 27.4<br />

m., and west of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 67.7 m.<br />

Distribution: SE of Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; off NW Florida through Bahama<br />

Banks and West Indies; Panama (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Macrocoeloma laevigatum (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:483, fig. 136, pi.<br />

169: figs. 2,3.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Cuba; Jamaica; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />

Guadeloupe; Piaui to Alago<strong>as</strong>, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Macrocoeloma septemspinosum (Stimpson,<br />

1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:477, pi. 173, figs.<br />

2-3.<br />

Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 65 m.<br />

Distribution: South Carolina; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />

Keys; northe<strong>as</strong>t quadrant of Gulf; Ceara to Rio<br />

Grande do Norte, Brazil (Powers, 1977).

---

46 Checklist<br />

Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson,<br />

1860)<br />

Inscription: Rathbun, 1925:480, pi. 172.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: North co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Haiti; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />

Guadeloupe; Barbados; Old Providence Island<br />

(Caribbean); Rio Grande do Norte,<br />

Pernambuco; Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum<br />

(Latreille, 1825)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:466, fig. 132, pi.<br />

166: fig. l,pl. 167.<br />

Type-locality: "Nouvelle Hollande" (an error).<br />

Distribution: North Carolina; Bermuda; south<br />

Florida to northwest Florida; off Louisiana and<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>; Gulf and Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts of Yucatan,<br />

Mexico; Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong> to St. Lucia; Curacao, Netherlands<br />

Antilles; Piaui to Bahia, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum nodipes<br />

(Desbonne, 1867)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:328, figs. 264,<br />

2751.<br />

Type-locality: "Nouvelle Holland" (?) (error).<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

Alligator Harbor, Florida; Yucatan; through<br />

West Indies to Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum, Variety<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:468, pi. 168: fig.<br />

1.<br />

Type-locality: N<strong>one</strong> designated.<br />

Distribution: From North Carolina to Gulf of<br />

Mexico, including Florida; Yucatan; West<br />

Indies and Caribbean Sea (Rathbun, 1925).<br />

Metoporhaphis calcarata (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:300, figs. 235,<br />

240h.<br />

Type-locality: Bay of Charleston, South<br />

Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and<br />

Caribbean Sea to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Microphrys antillensisRathbun, 1920<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:329, figs. 265,<br />

275h.<br />

Type-locality: Off Montego Bay Point,<br />

Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: Near Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />

Lookout, North Carolina, to Cape Fear, North<br />

Carolina; Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />

Pernambuco, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille^ 1825)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:330, figs. 266,<br />

275g.<br />

Type-locality: "Nouvelle Hollande".<br />

Distribution: Near Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico (Ray, 1974) to<br />

Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Bermuda<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Mithraxacuticornisf Stimpson, 1870<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:332, figs. 267,<br />

275a.<br />

Type-locality: Off the Quicksands (Florida),<br />

62.6 m; west of the Tortug<strong>as</strong>; 67.7 m and 76.8<br />

m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; west Florida and Yucatan Channel<br />

through West Indies to Espirito Santo, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Mithrax caribbaeus Rathbun, 1900<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:409, plates 148,<br />

149.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: West Indies to South America,<br />

Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, St Croix. Airport<br />

Lagoon, Key West, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 29-33 m<br />

(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Mithrax cinctimanus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:438^)1. 158.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong> and St, Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> and Honda Keys to<br />

West Indies and Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Rathbun, 1925).<br />

Mithrax cornutus Saussure, 1857<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:386, pi. 137:<br />

figs. 3-4, pi. 256.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Straits; north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; between Jamaica and Haiti;<br />

Dominica; Martinique; off Bahia, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Mithrax coryphe (Herbst, 1801)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:426, pi. 153.<br />

Type-locality: Not Known.<br />

Distribution: Miami to southern Brazil; Puerto<br />

Rico, Culebra, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, St. Croix<br />

(Rathbun, 1933).

---

Mithrax forceps (A. Milne Edwards, 1875)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:337, figs. 272,<br />

275f.<br />

Type-locality: Guiana.<br />

Distribution: From Gape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulr of Mexico to Rio de<br />

Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Mithrax hemphilttRafhbun, 1892<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:395, pi. 139, pi.<br />

259: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Indian Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys to Rio de Janeiro,<br />

Brazil; Culebra (Rathbun, 1933).<br />

Mithrax hispidus (Herbst, 1790)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:333, figs. 268,<br />

275d.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Delaware Bay (Say, 1818), off<br />

Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, and<br />

Georgia (Gibbes, 1850). Northwestern Gulf<br />

of Mexico; Baham<strong>as</strong> and Florida Keys through<br />

West Indies to Sao Paulo, Brazil; Bermuda<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Mithrax holderi Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:392, pi. 138:<br />

figs. 1,2, pi. 257: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 13 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />

Mithrax pilosus Rathbun, 1892<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:394, pi. 138: fig.<br />

3, pi. 258.<br />

Type-locality: Abaco, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Vera Cruz, Mexico; Cuba; Puerto<br />

Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />

Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama; Venezuela<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Mithrax pleuracanthus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:334, figs. 269,<br />

275e.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, 3.6-9.1 m, Tortug<strong>as</strong><br />

(Florida), 9.1-11 m; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

Pensacola, Florida, western Gulf of Mexico to<br />

Yucatan Channel off Cape Catoche, Mexico;<br />

West Indies to Venezuela; Bermuda (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Checklist 47<br />

Mithrax ruber (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:432, pi. 15 7 .<br />

Type-locality: Cruz del Padre, Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Cuba to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao and Barbados;<br />

Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Water Island<br />

(Rathbun, 1933)<br />

Mithrax sculptus (Lamarck, 1818)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:422, figs. 125,<br />

126, pi. 152.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: From Miami to Brazil; Puerto<br />

Rico; Vieques; Culebra; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Water<br />

Island.<br />

Mithrax spinosissimus (Lamarck, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:335, figs. 270,<br />

275b.<br />

Type-locality: "Ile-de-France," Locality<br />

err<strong>one</strong>ous.<br />

Distribution: North (?) and South Carolina to<br />

Nicaragua, and through West Indies to<br />

Barbados and Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />

Mithrax tortugae Rathbun, 1920<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:417, pi. 147, fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />

Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:336, figs. 271,<br />

275c.<br />

Type-locality: Robert Bay, Martinique.<br />

Distribution: Charleston, South Carolina;<br />

Campeche Banks; through West Indies to<br />

Fernando Noronha Island, Brazil (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Mocosoa crehripunctata Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:159, fig. 59, pi.<br />

49: figs. 3-4.<br />

Type-locality: Off French Reef, Florida, 27 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Straits; off Cape San<br />

Bi<strong>as</strong>, northwest Florida; Maranhao to Espirito<br />

Santo, Brazil.<br />

Nibilia antilocapra (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:320, figs. 254,<br />

259f.<br />

Type-locality: Florida, off Carysfort Reef, 95<br />

and 109.7 m; and off Alligator Reef, 251.8 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico just e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Missippi River delta and Gulf of Campeche;

---

48 Checklist<br />

Windward Islands, West Indies, off Guyana<br />

(Williams, 1084).<br />

Oplopisa spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1879<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:228, pi. 232:<br />

figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Straits of Florida, 185 m.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Pelia mutica (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

description: Williams, 1984:321, figs. 255,<br />

259a.<br />

Type-locality: Charleston Harbor, off White<br />

Point Battery, South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Buzzards Bay and Vineyard<br />

Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to off Port Mansfield,<br />

Willacy County, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Felder, 1973); Cuba,<br />

Puerto Rico, and St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, West Indies<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Picroceroides tubularis Miers, 1886<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:354, fig. 115, pi.<br />

126, pi. 254: figs. 2-5.<br />

Type-locality: Fernando Noronha and Bahia,<br />

in shallow water.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida;<br />

north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; between<br />

Jamaica and Haiti: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />

Maranhao to Espirito Santo, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Pitho aculeata(Gibbes> 1850)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:357, fig. 116c, pi.<br />

127, pi. 251: fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, and "Florida".<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe; Old Province<br />

Island (Caribbean); Netherlands Antilles<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Pitho anisodon (Von Martens, 1872)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:368, figs. 116b,<br />

117d, 118, pi. 131, pi. 251: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; south, west and<br />

northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Florida Keys; north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />

Guadeloupe; Curagao, Netherlands Antilles<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Pitho Iherminieri (Schramm, 1867)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:311, figs. 246,<br />

259a.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort Inlet, North<br />

Carolina, to west Florida; Veracruz, Mexico;<br />

West Indies to Islet of Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Pitho laevigata (A. Milne Edwards, 1875)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:372, pi. 132:<br />

figs. 3-4, pi. 133: fig. 3, pi. 250: figs. 11-13.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: West and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Florida; Antilles, location unspecified;<br />

Colombia; Trinidad (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pitho mimbilis (Herbst, 1794)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:366, figs. 116d,<br />

117c, pi. 128: fig. 3; pi. 129: fig. 3; pi. 253:<br />

figs. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> and Florida Keys;<br />

Guadeloupe; Puerto Rico (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pitho quadridentata (Miers, 1879)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:369, pi. 132: fig.<br />

2, pi. 133: fig. 2; pi. 250: fig. 10.<br />

Type-locality: West Indies.<br />

Distribution: Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Content<br />

Keys, Monroe County, Florida, 5-6 m<br />

(personal communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Podochela curvirostris (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1879)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:58, pis. 19, 210.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, 180 m, and near<br />

Havana, 229 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Straits; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Cuba; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; Montserrat;<br />

Barbados; Grenadines (Powers, 1977).<br />

Podochela gracilipes Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:301, fig. 236,<br />

241j.<br />

Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, off Pacific<br />

and Carysfort Reefs (Florida), 66 to 110 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico and<br />

Caribbean Sea to Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Podochela lamelligera (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:52, pi. 20: figs.<br />

1-2.<br />

Type-locality: Off Tennessee Reef, Florida<br />

Keys, 38m.

---

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida; off Key West,<br />

Florida; off northwest Florida (Powers, 1977).<br />

Podochela macrodera Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:44, fig. 11, pi.<br />

16.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong> and Key Biscayne,<br />

Florida.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; off Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Yucatan; Cuba; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />

Guadalupe; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao, Netherlands Antilles;<br />

Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:302, figs. 237,<br />

241k.<br />

Type-locality: Island of St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (West<br />

Indies).<br />

Distribution: North Carolina to Campeche,<br />

Mexico; through West Indies to Trinidad; Rio<br />

de Janeiro, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Podochela sidneyi Rathbun, 1924<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:302, figs. 238,<br />

2411.<br />

Type-locality: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, 90 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to Veracruz (Ray, 1974);<br />

northwestern Cuba; Yucatan Channel<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Pyromaia arachna Rathbun, 1924<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:131, pis. 42-43.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, SW of Cape<br />

San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida; 309 m.<br />

Distribution: Off South Carolina; off west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico,<br />

throughout the Gulf of Mexico.<br />

Pyromaia cuspidata Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:303, figs. 239,<br />

241m.<br />

Type-locality: Off Sand Key, 150 m; Alligator<br />

Reef, 170 m; the Samboes, 170 and 221 m;<br />

southwest of Sand Key, 229 m (Florida).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to west Florida; Cuba and Yucatan<br />

Channel to off Nicaragua 14°31'N, 80 o 41W<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:322, figs. 256,<br />

260a.<br />

Checklist 49<br />

Type-locality: Between Cuba and Flonda,<br />

24°15'N,82 0 13 , W.<br />

Distribution: Nantucket Shoals,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Gulf of Mexico off southern<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>; northern Cuba; west of Cabo de la Vela,<br />

Colombia; off French Guiana (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Rochinia hystrix (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:214, pis. 70,71.<br />

Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Florida,<br />

24 0 16*N,81°42'W,252m.<br />

Distribution: Off Key West (Rathbun, 1925);<br />

off Cuba (Chace, 1940b); Gulf of Mexico.<br />

Rochinia tanneri (Smith, 1883)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:323, figs. 257,<br />

260b.<br />

Type-locality: Off Delaware Bay.<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Straits of Florida (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Rochinia umhonata (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:323, figs. 258,<br />

260c.<br />

Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina, through e<strong>as</strong>tern and northern<br />

Gulf of Mexico to northe<strong>as</strong>t of Nicaragua;<br />

through West Indies to St. Vincent (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Sphenocarcinus corrosus A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1875<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:314, figs. 250,<br />

259c.<br />

Type-locality: Off Barbados, 180 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; Gulf of Mexico (Goeke and Shaw,<br />

1980) to Barbados (Williams, 1984).<br />

Stenocionops furcata coelata (A. Milne<br />

Edwards, 1878)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:338, figs. 273,<br />

275i.<br />

Type-locality: Ten mi. from Jolbos Islands<br />

(Yucatan), and near Havana (Cuba), 320 m.<br />

Distribution: Shelly reefs off Beaufort, North<br />

Carolina, to northwest Florida and Alabama;<br />

Yucatan Channel; West Indies to Barbados,<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Stenocionops furcata furcata (Olivier, 1791)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:449, text-fig. 131,

---

50 Checklist<br />

pis. 160, 161.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Georgia; Florida (location<br />

unspecified); ?Gulf of Mexico; Jamaica; Puerto<br />

Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands; Dominica;<br />

Barbados; French Guiana; Paraiba to Rio de<br />

Janeiro, Brazil; South Africa (Powers, 1977).<br />

Siertbcidnops' spittimana (Rathbun, 1892)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:339, figs. 274,<br />

275j.<br />

Type-locality: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, 227m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to Florida Straits and Gulf of Mexico<br />

off Mobile Bay, Alabama, and e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Chahdeleur Island, off Mississippi (Franks et<br />

al., 1972; Williams, 1984).<br />

Stenocioftops spinosissima (Saussure, 1857)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:445, pi. 165: fig.<br />

2, pi. 264: figs. 374, pi. 265.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina; south and<br />

southwest Florida; off Tex<strong>as</strong> and e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Mexico; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Haiti;<br />

Quadeloupe; Dominica; Rio de Janeiro and<br />

Fernando de Noronha, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

StenorhyrtchUs setteOrnis (Herbst, 1788)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:304, fig. 240,<br />

241o.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe (Holthuis 1959).<br />

Distribution: North Carolina to Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera (Monod, 1939)<br />

Description: Monod, 1939:561, figs. 6-9.--<br />

Williamsetal., 1977:887.<br />

Type-locality: B<strong>as</strong>se-Terre, Guadeloupe, 15-<br />

20 m.<br />

Distribution: southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong> to<br />

southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Guadeloupe (Williams et al.,<br />

1977).<br />

Thoe puella Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:348,figs. Ill,<br />

112, pi. 125: figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Guadeloupe; Curacao (Powers, 1977).<br />

Tyche emarginata White, 1847<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:312, figs. 247-<br />

248,259b.<br />

Type-locality: West Indies.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort Inlet, North<br />

Carolina; through Baham<strong>as</strong> to west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY PARTHENOPIDAE<br />

Cryptopodia concava Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:346, figs. 281,<br />

286a.<br />

Type-locality: Off Conch Reef (Florida), 62.2 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina; central e<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Cape San<br />

Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida, to St. Thom<strong>as</strong>; Ceara to Bahia,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Heterocrypta granulata (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:347, figs. 282,<br />

286b.<br />

Type-locality: Near Kiawah Island, Sullivans<br />

Island, and White Point Shoal, Charleston<br />

Harbor, South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Nantucket Sound,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, around peninsular Florida to<br />

southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />

Trinidad; Ceara to Bahia, Brazil (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Leiolambrus nitidus Rathbun, 1901<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:545, pi. 199; pi.<br />

281: fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Mayaguez Harbor, Puerto Rico,<br />

22-33 m.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico, from off<br />

Alabama to south Tex<strong>as</strong>; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />

French Guiana (Powers, 1977).<br />

Mesorhoea sexspinosa Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:348, figs. 283,<br />

286c.<br />

Type-locality: Four mi. southwest of<br />

Loggerhead Key, Florida, 20 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina; off northe<strong>as</strong>t Florida, to<br />

Flanagan P<strong>as</strong>sage, Virgin Islands (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Parthenope agona (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:342, figs. 276,<br />

280a.<br />

Type-locality: Off the Marques<strong>as</strong>, Carysfort<br />

Reef, and Conch Reef, 73 and 89.6 m<br />

(southern Florida).<br />

Distribution: Off Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout,<br />

North Carolina, and central e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida;

---

Gulf of Mexico and Pensacola, Florida, to near<br />

Ft Myers; through Florida Straits, West Indies<br />

and Caribbean Sea to Surinam (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Parthenope fraterculus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:343, figs. 277,<br />

280b.<br />

Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Caryfort and<br />

Conch Reefs, west of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 47.6-124.4 m<br />

(southern Florida).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Fear, North Carolina;<br />

central e<strong>as</strong>tern Florida southward; Gulf of<br />

Mexico, off Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida, to Florida<br />

Straits; off Cape Catoche, Yucatan, Mexico;<br />

through West Indies to Mouth of Amazon<br />

River (Williams, 1984).<br />

Parthenope granulata (Kingsley, 1879)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:344, figs. 278,<br />

280c.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off the three North Carolina<br />

Capes southward around Florida to Louisiana;<br />

Bermuda; Bahia Honda, Cuba(?); St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Virgin Islands (Gore, 1977).<br />

Parthenope pourtalesii (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:345, figs. 279,<br />

280d.<br />

Type-locality: Off Conch Reef, French Reef,<br />

and American Shoal (southern Florida) 73-214<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; New Jersey southward; Gulf of<br />

Mexico through West Indies to Grenada.<br />

Parthenope serrata (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)<br />

Description: Gore and Scotto, 1979:57, figs.<br />

24 e-h, 25 B, 26.<br />

Type-locality: "U Ocean Indien" by original<br />

designation; err<strong>one</strong>ous locality for the West<br />

Indies. Veracruz, Mexico by selection of male<br />

lectotype (Gore, 1977).<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Ft. Pierce, Florida,<br />

around the Gulf of Mexico; Central America;<br />

Cuba; Lesser Antilles; islands off the northern<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of South America, southward to Bahia,<br />

Brazil (Gore and Scotto, 1979).<br />

Solenolamhrus decemspinosus Rathbun, 1894<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:540, pi. 194: figs.<br />

1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Off Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida,<br />

28*44*N, 85°16W, 110 m.<br />

Checklist 51<br />

Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico and<br />

off San Juan, Puerto Rico.<br />

Solenolamhrus typkus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:349, figs. 285,<br />

286e.<br />

Type-locality: Off the Samboes and off<br />

Alligator Reef (southern Florida), 146.3 to<br />

201.2 m.<br />

Distribution: SE Cape Lookout; western Gulf<br />

of Mexico off Corpus Christi, Tex<strong>as</strong>, and N of<br />

Yucatan; Swan Island and Nicaragua Shelf;<br />

southern Florida through West Indies to<br />

Surinam and Brazil (Gore and Scotto, 1979).<br />

Solenolamhrus tenellus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:348, figs. 284,<br />

286d.<br />

Type-locality: Off Carysfort, Conch, and<br />

French Reefs, 64-89.6 m (southern Florida).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina; central e<strong>as</strong>t Florida southward; Gulf<br />

of Mexico, near Cape St. George, Florida, to<br />

Florida Keys; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Barbados (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Tutankhamen cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1925:530, pi. 277:<br />

figs. 3-5.<br />

Type-locality: St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Pourtales Plateau, Florida Straits;<br />

St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles.<br />

FAMILY ATELECYCLIDAE<br />

Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:168, pi. 73.-<br />

Pequegnat, 1970:184, figs. 6-4, 6- 5.<br />

Type-locality: Off St. Lucia, 276 m.<br />

Distribution: Off northwest Florida and<br />

Mississippi; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; Bay of<br />

Campeche; off St. Lucia (Powers, 1977).<br />

FAMILY CANCRIDAE<br />

Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:351, fig. 287.<br />

Type-locality: Nova Scotia to Cape Cod.<br />

Distribution: Nova Scotia to south of<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Verrill (1908) judged that a<br />

Bermuda record w<strong>as</strong> probably mislabelled<br />

(Williams, 1984).

---

52 Checklist<br />

Cancer irroratus Say, 1817<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:353, fig. 288.<br />

Type-locality: "Inhabits the ocean" (Atlantic<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of the United States).<br />

Distribution: Labrador to off Miami, Florida<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY GERYONIDAE<br />

Geryon fenneri Manning and Holthuis, 1984<br />

Description: Manning and Holthuis, 1984:666,<br />

figs. 1, 2a, b, 3a-c, 4a, b.<br />

Type-locality: Off Fernandina, Florida,<br />

Albatross Stn. 2669.<br />

Distribution: Around co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida.<br />

FAMILY PORTUNIPAE<br />

Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:362, fig. 292.<br />

Type-locality: Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />

to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:28, pis. 9,10.--<br />

Manning and Holthuis, 1981:80.<br />

Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Key West, and<br />

American Shoal, all in me Florida Straits, 183-<br />

275m.<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Gulf Stream in Florida<br />

Straits.<br />

Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti Rathbun, 1931<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1931:125, pis. 1, 2.--<br />

Pequegnat, 1970:187, fig. 6-6.<br />

Type-locality: South of Loggerhead Key,<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida, 329 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; deep waters<br />

off Mississippi to Tex<strong>as</strong>; off southern Gulf<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; recently found off New<br />

England (Powers, 1977).<br />

Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:365, figs. 293f,<br />

294.<br />

Type-locality: Mullins River, 20 mi. south of<br />

Belize, (British) Hondur<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Jamaica and Belize to Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil; Florida, Mississippi, North<br />

Carolina, United States of America (Williams,<br />

1974; Perschbacher and Schwartz, 1979;<br />

Williams and Williams, 1981).<br />

Callinectes danae Smith, 1809<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:367, figs. 293d,<br />

295.<br />

Type-locality: Recife [==Pernambuco, Estado<br />

de Pernambuco], Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; New Hanover County,<br />

North Carolina, near Cape Fear, rare<br />

(Perschbacher and Schwartz, 1979); southern<br />

Florida and e<strong>as</strong>tern side of Yucatan Peninsula<br />

to Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil.<br />

Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus (Gerstaecker, 1856)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:369, figs. 293e,<br />

296.<br />

Type-locality: Puerto Cabello, Venezuela.<br />

Distribution: Duval County, e<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Jacksonville, Florida (rarely) to Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil; Veracruz, Mexico; Bermuda; also<br />

reported from extreme southern Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Callinectes larvatus Ordway, 1863<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:371, figs. 293a,<br />

297.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida; Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Bahama Islands; Haiti.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />

through Caribbean Sea to south central Brazil<br />

off Sao Paulo; Bermuda. North Carolina<br />

records rare (Williams, 1974; Perschbacher and<br />

Schwartz, 1979). Florida (intertidal) (personal<br />

communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:373, figs. 293c,<br />

298.<br />

Type-locality: Charleston, South Carolina;<br />

Gonaives, Haiti; Cumana, Venezuela; Tortug<strong>as</strong><br />

and Baham<strong>as</strong> also listed in original description.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Virginia, North and<br />

South Carolina through southern Florida;<br />

northwestern Yucatan to Estado de Sao Paulo,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:376, figs. 293g,<br />

299.<br />

Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of United States.<br />

Distribution: Occ<strong>as</strong>ionally Nova Scotia,<br />

Maine, and northern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />

northern Argentina, Bermuda, and the Antilles;<br />

Resund, Denmark; the Netherlands and<br />

adjacent North Sea; northwest and southwest<br />

France; Golfo di Genova; northern Adriatic;<br />

Aegean, western Black, and e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Mediterranean Sea; Lake Hamana-ko, central<br />

Japan (Williams, 1984).

---

Callinectes similis Williams, 1966<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:383, figs. 293b,<br />

300.<br />

Type-locality: Off beach between St. Johns<br />

River jetties and Jacksonville Beach, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Delaware Bay to Key West,<br />

Florida; northwestern Florida around Gulf of<br />

Mexico to off Campeche, Yucatan; also Isla de<br />

Providencia, Colombia; reported from northern<br />

Jamaica (Norse, 1978; Williams, 1984).<br />

Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:385, fig. 301.<br />

Type-locality: Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Vicinity of Little Egg Inlet, New<br />

Jersey (Milstein et. al., 1977); Rehoboth Bay,<br />

Delaware; Virginia (rare, Van Engel and<br />

Sandifer, 1972); South Carolina to Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil; Baja California to Peru;<br />

Clipperton, Galapagos Island; West Africa<br />

from Mauritania to Angola; Cape Verde,<br />

Principe, Sao Tome and Annobon Islands<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Cronius tumidulus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:142, pi. 64.<br />

Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 68 m and off<br />

Conch Reef, 73 m.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />

and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north<br />

and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto<br />

Rico; Virgin Islands; Netherlands Antilles; Old<br />

Province Island (Caribbean); Ceara to Bahia,<br />

Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Ovalipes floridanus Hay and Shore, 1918<br />

Description: Turkay, 1971:139, fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: Pensacola, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Southwest Florida to south<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:361, fig. 291.<br />

Type-locality: South of Beaufort Inlet, North<br />

Carolina, WIVR, 76°42*W, 35 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Accomack County, Virginia,<br />

37°31'N, to near Biscayne Bay, Florida.<br />

Portunus anceps (Saussure, 1858)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:387, fig. 302.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina<br />

(Park, 1978), to Bahia, Brazil; Bermuda<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Checklist 53<br />

Portunus binoculus Holthuis, 1969<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1969:409, fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Straits of Florida.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Straits; north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; e<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan, in Caribbean<br />

Sea; off Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts of Panama and<br />

Colombia (Powers, 1977).<br />

Portunus depressifrons (Stimpson, 1859)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:387, fig. 303.<br />

Type-locality: South Carolina and Florida<br />

Keys.<br />

Distribution: Fort Macon, North Carolina<br />

(Coues, 1871; Kingsley, 1878-79), through<br />

northwest Florida to Bay of Campeche and<br />

Caribbean Sea; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Portunus floridanus Rathbun, 1930<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:388, fig. 304.<br />

Type-locality: Off Key West, Florida,<br />

24°25'45"N, 81°48'00"W.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to Hondur<strong>as</strong> and Nicaragua, through<br />

West Indies and northern South America to<br />

Surinam (Williams, 1984).<br />

Portunus gibbesii (Stimpson, 1859)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:389, fig. 305.<br />

Type-locality: South Carolina and St.<br />

Augustine, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Southern M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts through<br />

Gulf of Mexico along co<strong>as</strong>t to French Guiana,<br />

but reported absent from the Antilles (Park,<br />

1978; Williams, 1984).<br />

Portunus ordwayi (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:390, fig. 306.<br />

Type-locality: Key Biscayne and Tortug<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Virgin Islands).<br />

Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts;<br />

North Carolina through Gulf of Mexico, West<br />

Indies and Caribbean Sea to near Rio de<br />

Janeiro, Brazil (Park, 1978); Bermuda;<br />

Fernando de Noronha (Williams, 1984).<br />

Portunus sayi (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:391, fig. 307.<br />

Type-locality: South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: North Atlantic Ocean from Nova<br />

Scotia through Gulf of Mexico to the Guian<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Bermuda; mid-Atlantic Ocean; Canary Islands<br />

and Morocco. The only record from Brazil is<br />

that of Gerstaecker for his Lupea pudica<br />

(=sayi), and modern collections have not<br />

confirmed this (Williams, 1984).

---

54 Checklist<br />

Pmtunus sebae (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:79, plates 34,35.<br />

Type-locality: Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Keys and<br />

Straits; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; south co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />

Islands; Dominica; Netherlands Antilles<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:392, fig. 308.<br />

Type-locality: Straits of Florida south of Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 24°23'N, 82°57*W to 24°24'N,<br />

82°56 , W, (Holthuis, 1969, restricted).<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t southe<strong>as</strong>t Oregon Inlet,<br />

Norm Carolina, 35°42'00 n N, 74°54 , 30"W<br />

(Musick and McEachren, 1972) to Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:393, fig. 309.<br />

Type-locality: American waters, common in<br />

Brazil.<br />

Distribution: New Jersey through Gulf of<br />

Mexico and West Indies to Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Portunus ventndis (A. Milne Edwards, 1879)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:43, pi. 13: figs.<br />

1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Georgia to e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />

Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; ?Tex<strong>as</strong>; north and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Virgin Islands; Barbados; Rio Grande do Norte<br />

to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Portunus vocans(A. Milne Edwards, 1878)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:10, figs. 8,9, pi.<br />

25.<br />

Type-locality: Cape Verde Islands.<br />

Distribution: Norm co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; between<br />

Jamaica and Haiti; Ascension Island, in the<br />

south Atlantic Ocean (Powers, 1977). Florida<br />

(personal communication, P. A. McLaughlin).<br />

FAMILY GONEPLACIDAE<br />

C hacellus filiformis Guinot, 1969<br />

Description: Guinot, 1969:722, figs. 135-136,<br />

pi. 5: fig. 4.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico,<br />

Distribution: Between Baham<strong>as</strong> and e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Florida; off northwest Florida (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus (Dana, 1852)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:52, fig. 22, pi.<br />

12: fig. 3, pi. 159: figs. l-2.«Guinot,<br />

1969:258, figs. 6,10,25.<br />

Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; south and west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; Yucatan; Jamaica; Bahia to<br />

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Euphrosynoplax clausa Guinot, 1969<br />

Description: Guinot, 1969:720, figs. 127,<br />

139, pi. 4: fig. 3.~Pequegnat, 1970:194.<br />

Type-locality: Florida, Tortug<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off Alabama and<br />

Mississippi; Campeche, Yucatan, (91 to 210<br />

m) (Powers, 1977).<br />

Euryplax nitida Stimpson, 1859<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:432, fig. 343.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Keys.<br />

Distribution: Off Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

Heald Bank, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West Indies to St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong>; Bermuda; specimen from "Bresil,<br />

Dertero" [sic] (=Florianopolis?) figured by<br />

Guinot, 1969b (Williams, 1984).<br />

FrevUlea barbataA. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:26, pi. 4: figs. 1,<br />

3,pl. 5.--Guinot, 1969:513, pi. 2: fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: 23°13*N; 89°16 , W, 154 m.<br />

Stn. 36, Blake.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Yucatan<br />

(Gulf); north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; off Grenada, (55<br />

to 168 m) (Powers, 1977).<br />

FrevUlea hirsuta (Borradaile, 1916)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:432, fig. 344.<br />

Type-locality: Off Rio de Janeiro, 72 m.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina to Rio de Janeiro,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Glyptoplax smithii A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:434, fig. 346.<br />

Type-locality: Reefs west of Florida, 23.8 m.<br />

Distribution: From Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to Gulf of Mexico and Yucatan<br />

Channel (Williams, 1984).<br />

G<strong>one</strong>plax sigsbei (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:433, fig. 345.<br />

Type-locality: Grenada.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t Cape Fear, North Carolina,<br />

33°56'N, 76°26'W, to 33°55.3' N, 76°28.8'W,<br />

130-120 m, E<strong>as</strong>tward Stn. 3213; Grenada,

---

1l°27N, 62°11W, and 1 l o 25'00 n N,<br />

62°04'15"W (WilHams et al., 1968).<br />

Nanoplax xanthiformis (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1881)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:436, fig. 348.<br />

Type-locality: Off Grenada, 168.3 m.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina;<br />

through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />

Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Neopilumnoplax americana (Rathbun, 1898)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:21, figs. 5-6.--<br />

Guinot, 1969:689, figs. 83-84.<br />

Type-locality: Off Georgia, 792 m.<br />

Distribution: Off North Carolina and Georgia;<br />

Florida Keys and Straits; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />

Guadeloupe; Espirito Santo, Brazil; Arabian<br />

Sea (Powers, 1977).<br />

Panoplax depressa Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:435, fig. 347.<br />

Type-locality: E<strong>as</strong>t and Middle Keys,<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, (Florida), 9.1 to 12.8 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina; off Jacksonville and Cape San<br />

Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida, through West Indies to Barbados<br />

(WilHams, 1984).<br />

Pilumnoplax elata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Guinot, 1969:688.<br />

Type-locality: West Florida, 23.4 m.<br />

Distribution: Only from the type-locality.<br />

Pseudorhomhila quadridentata (Latreille,<br />

1828)<br />

Description: Hernandez, 1982:1, figs, le, Id,<br />

2c, 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown (Guinot, 1969).<br />

Distribution: Specimens are known from<br />

southern Florida (Tortug<strong>as</strong> and northwest of<br />

New Grounds Shoal Light) Louisiana (west<br />

Delta le<strong>as</strong>e area) and south of Lobos Islands,<br />

Mexico; Puerto Rico (North of Arecibo).<br />

Sotoplax robertsi Guinot, 1984<br />

Description: Guinot, 1984:92, figs. 1-3.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, middle shelf<br />

region off Apalachicola Bay, lat. 28°30' long.<br />

84°58', Tursiops, cruise T-7109, Stn. 4, 54 m.<br />

Distribution: Only from the type locality.<br />

Speocarcinus lobatus Guinot, 1969<br />

Description: Guinot, 1969:710, figs. 124-125,<br />

Checklist 55<br />

pi. 4: fig. 2.~Felder 1973:70, pi. 10, fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: Sabine P<strong>as</strong>s, Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off Louisiana and<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />

Thal<strong>as</strong>saplax angusta Guinot, 1969<br />

Description: Guinot, 1969:717; figs. 131-132,<br />

pi. 4: fig. 2.--Pequegnat, 1970:192.<br />

Type-locality: Southwest of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Florida, Albatross, Stn. 2402.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; off<br />

northwest Florida, Alabama and Mississippi;<br />

off e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; off Campeche,<br />

Yucatan (Powers, 1977).<br />

Trapezioplax tridentata (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: Guinot, 1969:713, figs. 128-129,<br />

142.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, 13.5-90 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Barbados (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

FAMILY XANTHIDAE<br />

Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:261, pi. 105: fig.<br />

5,pi. 106: fig. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Haiti; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe; St.<br />

Bartholomew; Fernando de Noronha, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:255, fig. 41, pi.<br />

104: figs. 3-6.<br />

Type-locality: Colon, Panama.<br />

Distribution: Key West, Florida; Puerto Rico;<br />

Virgin Islands; St. Bartholomew; Barbados;<br />

Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Colon, Panama (Powers, 1977).<br />

Allactaea lithostrota Williams, 1974<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:397, figs. 311,<br />

331a.<br />

Type-locality: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, 33°43'N, 76°40.2'W, 90 m to<br />

33°42.7'N, 76°40.2*W, 110m, E<strong>as</strong>tward Stn.<br />

1087.<br />

Distribution: Near edge of continental shelf<br />

southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout, North Carolina;<br />

Florida Straits; off Cape Catoche, Yucatan; off<br />

Venezuela and Surinam; Bermuda (Markham<br />

andMcDermott, 1981; Williams, 1984).

---

56 Ghfecfeiist<br />

Banareia palmeri (Rathbun, 1894)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:260, pi. 106, fig.<br />

3-6.<br />

Type-locality: Rodriguez Creek, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />

Florida Keys; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Haiti;<br />

Virgin Islands; Curagao (Powers, 1977).<br />

Carpilius coriatltnus (Hefbst, 1783)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:240, pis. 97-99.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; West Flower<br />

Garden Bank, off Tex<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />

Guadeloupe; Dominica; Curagao; Old<br />

Providence Island (Caribbean); Pernambuco<br />

and Ceara, Brazil (Powers, 1977). Monroe,<br />

County, Florida, lobster trap (personal<br />

communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Carpoporus papulosus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:399, figs. 313,<br />

331c.<br />

Type-locality: Southwest of Tortug<strong>as</strong> and off<br />

Carysfort Reef, (Florida).<br />

Distribution: Between Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and<br />

Lookout, North Carolina; Gulf of Mexico off<br />

Mobile Bay southe<strong>as</strong>tward; Cape Catoche,<br />

Yucatan (Williams, 1984).<br />

Odtdleptodius floridanus(Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:297, pi. 137:<br />

figs. 1, 2, pi. 138: fig. 1-Guinot, 1968:706,<br />

figs. 20, 23,29.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />

and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />

north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />

Virgin Islands; Antigua; Barbados; Curagao;<br />

Panama to Colombia (Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts;<br />

Abolhos Islands to Sao Paulo, Brazil)<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Chlorodiella longimana (H. Milne Edwards,<br />

1834)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:462, pi. 186.<br />

Type-locality: Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Florida to Curagao and Barbados;<br />

West Africa. Puerto Rico, Culebra, St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong>, St. Croix (Rathbun, 1933).<br />

Domecia dcanthophora acanthophora<br />

(Desbonne and Schramm, 1867)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:417, figs. 330,<br />

33 lq.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Cape Lookout Shoals,<br />

North Carolina, NW Gulf of Mexico through<br />

West Indies and Caribbean Sea to Alago<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984). Florida (5-6 m)<br />

(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:419, figs. 332,<br />

333a-c.<br />

Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina to iPatagonia;<br />

Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Etisus maculatus (Stimpson, I860)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:295, pi. 136.-<br />

Guinot, 1969:234.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t oT Cuba; Puerto Rico;<br />

Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />

Eurypanopeus abbreviatus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:407, figs. 322,<br />

33 li.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, British West Indies.<br />

Distribution: South Carolina, through West<br />

Indies and Gulf of Mexico to Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Eurypanopeus depressus(Smith, 1869)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:408, figs. 323,<br />

33 lj.<br />

Type-locality: New Haven, Connecticut.<br />

Distribution: M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts Bay through<br />

Florida to southern Tex<strong>as</strong>; Dutch West Indies;<br />

Uruguay; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Eurypditopeus dissimilis (Benedict and<br />

Rathbun, 1891)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:411, fig. 66, pi.<br />

173: figs. 1-2.<br />

Type-locality: Trinidad.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Cuba; Jamaica; Nicaragua; Trinidad; Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Eurypanopeus turgidus (Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:364, pi. 166.<br />

Type-locality: Chahdeleur Islands, Louisiana.<br />

Distribution: Northwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida to<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />

Eurytium limosum (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:416, figs. 329,

---

33 lp.<br />

Type-locality: "Inhabits shores of the Northern<br />

States".<br />

Distribution: South Carolina to Louisiana<br />

through West Indies and Caribbean Sea to Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Glyptoxanthus erosus (Stimpson, 1859)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:398, figs. 312,<br />

331b.<br />

Type-locality: Florida.<br />

Distribution: Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />

southward; off Grand Isle, Louisiana,<br />

southe<strong>as</strong>tward; Yucatan; through West Indies<br />

to Guadeloupe (Williams, 1984).<br />

Heteractaea ceratopus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:530, pi. 212:<br />

figs. 5-8, pi. 213.«Guinot, 1968:721, figs.<br />

50,56.<br />

Type-locality: Key Biscayne, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida<br />

Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />

Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Trinidad; Barbados (Powers, 1977).<br />

Hexapanopeus angustifrons (Benedict and<br />

Rathbun, 1891)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:415, figs. 327,<br />

33 In.<br />

Type-locality: Long Island Sound.<br />

Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />

to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Jamaica<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Hexapanopeus caribbaeus (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:399, pi. 171:<br />

figs. 3-5.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: West Indies to state of Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil; Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

(Rathbun, 1933). Florida (intertidal to 10 m)<br />

(personal communication, P. M. Mikkelsen).<br />

Hexapanopeus hemphillii (Benedict and<br />

Rathbun, 1891)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:400, pi 171:<br />

figs. 1,2,6.<br />

Type-locality: Indian Key, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Florida and West Indies; Puerto<br />

Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong> (Rathbun, 1933).<br />

Hexapanopeus lobipes (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:329, fig. 50, pi.<br />

155: figs. 3-5.~Menzies, 1948:23.<br />

Checklist 57<br />

Type-locality: South of Florida, 24°43'N,<br />

83°25W, 68 m.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; off Key West, in<br />

Florida Straits; northwest of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong><br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Hexapanopeus paulensis Rathbun, 1930<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:416, figs. 328,<br />

331o.<br />

Type-locality: Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: South Carolina, through Gulf of<br />

Mexico to Uruguay (Milstein, et al., 1976).<br />

Hexapanopeus quinquedentatus Rathbun,<br />

1901<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:402, fig. 62.<br />

Type-locality: Mayaguez, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Northwest Florida; Puerto Rico.<br />

Leptodius parvulus (Fabricius, 1793)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:305, pi. 141: figs.<br />

1-3; 1933:58, fig. 50.<br />

Type-locality: Islands of South America.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />

Keys; Jamaica; Haiti; Puerto Rico; Barbados;<br />

Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Fernando de Noronha, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Lobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:429, figs. 340g,<br />

341.<br />

Type-locality: Typical form: E<strong>as</strong>t and Middle<br />

Keys, Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina; e<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of<br />

Mexico; Yucatan; Cuba; Venezuela and<br />

Trinidad; Bermuda (Williams, 1984).<br />

Melybia thalamita Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:430, fig. 342.<br />

Type-locality: Off French Reef, 27.4 m, and<br />

west of Tortug<strong>as</strong> (southern Florida) 64-76.8 m.<br />

Distribution: About 30 mi. south southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Cape Lookout, North Carolina (34°1 l'N,<br />

76°09W); southwest of Mississippi River<br />

delta, through West Indies to Bahia, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:420, figs. 333d,<br />

e,334.<br />

Type-locality: "The Southern States".<br />

Distribution: Cape Lookout, Norm Carolina,<br />

to Yucatan, Mexico; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Jamaica<br />

(Williams, 1984).

---

5$ Checklist<br />

Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:479, pi. 198: fig.<br />

3; pi. 199.<br />

Type-locality: Indian River, Florida.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; ?Louisiana;<br />

north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Virgin Islands; Trinidad; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Panama and Colombia; Paraiba to Sao<br />

Francisco do Sul, Brazil; Gabon, West Africa<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Micropanope barbadensis (Rathbun, 1921)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:446, fig. 72.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Barbados.<br />

Micropanope lobifrons A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:429, pi. 178:<br />

figs. 4-6.<br />

Type-locality: Off Montserrat, 161 m.<br />

Distribution: South Florida, in Gulf Stream;<br />

Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; off northwest Florida; off north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />

Santa Cruz Island (Caribbean); Grenada;<br />

Barbados; Colon, Panama (Powers, 1977).<br />

Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:404, figs. 318,<br />

331g.<br />

Type-locality: Bahama Banks.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />

Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Micropanope pusilla A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:431, pi. 179: figs.<br />

7,8.<br />

Type-locality: Off west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida, 31m.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest of Key<br />

West; west and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida;<br />

Alabama; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto<br />

Rico; Virgin Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />

Micropanope sculptipes Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:405, fig. 319.<br />

Type-locality: Seven hauls in Florida Keys,<br />

27.4 to 124m.<br />

Distribution: SE Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West Indies<br />

to Barbados.<br />

Micropanope spinipes A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:443, fig. 71, pi.<br />

181: figs. 1,2.- Pequegnat and Ray,<br />

1974:238, figs. 18-22.<br />

Type-locality: Abrolhos Islands, Brazil, 55 m.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />

Keys; West Flower Garden Bank, off Tex<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Curacao; Alago<strong>as</strong> and off the Abrolhos Islands,<br />

Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Micropanope urinator (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1881)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:405, fig. 320.<br />

Type-locality: Near Santa Cruz (St. Croix),<br />

West Indies, 448 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Capes Hatter<strong>as</strong> and Lookout,<br />

North Carolina; Florida Keys to St. Croix,<br />

West Indies (Williams, 1984).<br />

Neopanope packardii (Kingsley, 1879)<br />

Description: Abele, 1972b:269, figs. IB, 3A.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t and south Florida;<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; west<br />

and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; Louisiana;<br />

north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba (Powers, 1977).<br />

Neopanope sayi (Smith, 1869)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:409, figs. 324,<br />

331k.<br />

Type-locality: New Haven, Connecticut, and<br />

Cape Cod, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts.<br />

Distribution: Miscou Harbor, mouth of<br />

Chaleur Bay, New Brunswick, Prince Edward<br />

Island, and Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia,<br />

Canada (Bousfield 1956, Bousfield and<br />

Laubitz, 1972), to Florida Keys (Abele,<br />

1972b).<br />

Neopanope texana (Stimpson, 1859)<br />

Description: Abele, I972b:266, figs. 1A, 2A,<br />

2E, 3B, 3C.~Felder, 1973:68, pi. 9: fig. 19.<br />

Type-locality: St. Joseph's Island, Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida (south <strong>as</strong><br />

far <strong>as</strong> Charlotte County) to south Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:357, pi. 164:<br />

figs. 3,4,6.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe; Trinidad;<br />

Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia; Rio Parahyba do<br />

Norte to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).

---

Panopeus hermudensis Benedict and<br />

Rathbun, 1891<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:360, fig. 56, pi.<br />

165.<br />

Type-locality: Bermuda.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida; TTex<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands;<br />

Trinidad; Old Providence Island (Caribbean);<br />

Colombia to Santa Catarina, Brazil. In the<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern pacific, from Magdalena Bay, Mexico<br />

to Peru (Powers, 1977).<br />

Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:355, pi. 164:<br />

figs. 1,2,5.<br />

Type-locality: Abrolhos Reefs, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys to State to Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil, Puerto Rico, St. Thom<strong>as</strong><br />

(Rathbun, 1933).<br />

Panopeus herbstti H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />

Description: Williams, 1983:866, fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: "Inhabits oyster beds, & found<br />

on oysters (

---

60 Checklist<br />

Paraliomera longimana (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1865)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:243, pi. 101:<br />

figs. 1-3.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Veracruz, Mexico; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />

Barbados; Curacao (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pilumnoides nudifrons (Stimpson, 1871)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:538, pi. 218: figs.<br />

1-2.<br />

Type-locality:. Off Sombrero Key, 203-229 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Straits and Keys;<br />

Barbados.<br />

Pilumnus caribaeus Desbonne and Schramm,<br />

1$67<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:491, pi. 200:<br />

figs. 3, 4.<br />

Type-locality: Guadeloupe.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys; north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Vieques<br />

and Culebra; Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe;<br />

Curacao; Bahia to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Pilumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus Kingsley, 1879<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:425, figs. 335,<br />

340a.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean<br />

Sea and West Indies to Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Pilumnus floridanus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:426, figs. 336,<br />

340b.<br />

Type-locality: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, (Florida).<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, through Gulf of Mexico, and Yucatan<br />

Channel, to Hondur<strong>as</strong>; through West Indies to<br />

Bahia, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pilumnus gemmatus Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:513, pi. 207: figs.<br />

1-3.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong> and Tortug<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Culebra; Virgin<br />

Islands; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pilumnus holosericus Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:519, fig. 81, pi.<br />

207: figs. 8, 9.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; thy Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Puerto<br />

Rico; Virgin Islands; Trinidad; Ciiraeao<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Pilumnuslacteus; Stimpson, 1871<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:426, figs. 337,<br />

340c.<br />

Type-locality: Cruz del Padre, Cuba, and Key<br />

West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Near Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />

to Florida; Cuba (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pilumnus longleyi Rathbun, 1930<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:502, pi. 202:<br />

figs. 4-5.<br />

Type-locality: South end of Loggerhead Key,<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys and Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pilumnus marshi Rathbun, 1901<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:499, fig. 80.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, 37-55 m.<br />

Distribution: Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>,<br />

St. Croix.<br />

Pilumnus nudimanus Rathbun, 1900<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:523, fig. 82.<br />

Type-locality: Arroyo, Puerto Rico.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-locality.<br />

Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida, 29-33 m (personal<br />

communication, D. K. Camp).<br />

Pilumnus pannosus Rathbun, 1896<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:427, figs. 338,<br />

340d.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Bogue Sound off Beaufort,<br />

North Carolina, to Port Arans<strong>as</strong>, Tex<strong>as</strong>; West<br />

Indies to Virgin Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pilumnus sayi Rathbun, 1897<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:428, figs. 339,<br />

340e.<br />

Type-locality: Georgia and e<strong>as</strong>t Florida.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina through Gulf of<br />

Mexico and West Indies to Curacao (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Pilumnus spinosissimus Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:494, fig. 79, pi.<br />

200: figs. 7-8.<br />

Type-locality: Off Key West, 10 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>.

---

Platyactaea setigera (H. Milne Edwards,<br />

1834)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:251, pi. 103.--<br />

Guinot, 1967:561, fig. 36.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />

and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Antigua;<br />

Barbados; Trinidad; Curagao; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Colombia (Powers, 1977).<br />

Platypodiella spectabttis (Herbst, 1794)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:247, fig. 39, pi.<br />

102: fig. 4.-Guinot, 1967:562.-Felder,<br />

1973:65, pi. 9: fig. 10.<br />

Type-locality: Unknown.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida<br />

Keys; Tex<strong>as</strong>; Veracruz, Mexico, Jamaica;<br />

Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Guadeloupe;<br />

Martinique; Barbados; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Fernando de<br />

Noronha, Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:400, figs. 314,<br />

33 Id.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Reefs, 21.9-32.9 m.<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North Carolina, to<br />

southern Tex<strong>as</strong> (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pseudomedaeus distinctus (Rathbun, 1898)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:400, figs. 315,<br />

33 le.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico, northwest Dry<br />

Tortug<strong>as</strong>, 25°33'N, 84°21'W, 184.7 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, 34°57*N, 75°19 r W, through Straits<br />

of Florida to northwest of Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Puerto<br />

Rico; Barbados (Williams, 1984).<br />

Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:401, figs. 316,<br />

317,331f.<br />

Type-locality: Cambridge Marshes and Charles<br />

River, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts.<br />

Distribution: The original range of this species<br />

is presumed to be in fresh to estuarine waters<br />

from the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence,<br />

Canada, to Veracruz, Mexico. The species h<strong>as</strong><br />

been introduced on the west co<strong>as</strong>t of the United<br />

States and in parts of Europe (Williams, 1984).<br />

Tetraxanthus hidentatus (A. Milne Edwards,<br />

1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1930:459, pi. 185 (As<br />

Checklist 61<br />

T. rugosus).--Chace, 1939:52.<br />

Type-locality: Grenada, 168 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; north and south<br />

co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Grenada (Powers, 1977).<br />

Tetraxanthus rathbunae Chace, 1939<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:406, fig. 321.<br />

Type-locality: Old Bahama Channel due north<br />

Punta Caldera, Camaguey Province, Cuba,<br />

22°44 , N, 78°41'W, 274-329 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Coelho and<br />

Ramos, 1972), including Gulf of Mexico<br />

(Pequegnat, 1970; Williams, 1984).<br />

Xantho denticulata White, 1847<br />

Description: Monod, 1956:280, figs. 335-339.-<br />

Forest and Guinot, 1961:60, fig. 51.<br />

Type-locality: West Indies.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; Florida Keys<br />

and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; northwest Florida; Jamica;<br />

Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands; Antigua;<br />

Barbados; Colon, Panama; Curagao; Trinidad;<br />

Pernambuco to Abrolhos Islands, Brazil, Gulf<br />

of Guinea, west co<strong>as</strong>t of Africa (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

FAMILY GECARCINIDAE<br />

Cardisoma guanhumiLatreillG, 1825<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:341, fig. 155,<br />

plates 106, 107.-Felder, 1973:79, pi. 12:<br />

figs. 1,4.<br />

Type-locality: Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Florida; Florida Keys; Louisiana and south<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>tern Mexico to Colombia; north and<br />

south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to Barbados; Trinidad;<br />

Netherlands Antilles; Colombia to Sao Paulo,<br />

Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Gecarcinus lateralis (Freminville, 1835)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:355, fig. 161, pis.<br />

119-120.-Turkay, 1973:974, fig. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Martinique, Guadeloupe, Marie<br />

Galante, Desirde and lies do Saintes.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Florida; Florida Keys; south Tex<strong>as</strong> to north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />

Netherlands Antilles; Hondur<strong>as</strong> to Costa Rica;<br />

Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia to Surinam<br />

(Powers, 1977).

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62 Checklist<br />

Gecarcinus ruricola (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:352, text-fig. 160,<br />

pis. 117-118.--Chace,andHobbs, 1969:200,<br />

figs. 66,67 h-j.<br />

Type-locality: America.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida;<br />

north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Cayman<br />

Islands; Jamaica; Nav<strong>as</strong>sa Island (Caribbean);<br />

Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; St. Croix to<br />

Barbados; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Old Providence and Swan<br />

Islands (Caribbean) (Powers, 1977).<br />

FAMILY GRAPSIDAE<br />

Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:323, pi. 96.--<br />

Chace and Hobbs, 1969:172, figs. 54, 58a.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t to southwest<br />

Florida; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; New<br />

Province Island (Atlantic); Jamica; Puerto Rico;<br />

Virgin Islands to Guadeloupe; Netherlands<br />

Antilles; Belize; Rio Parahyba do Norte to Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil; in e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific, Nicaragua to<br />

Peru (Powers, 1977).<br />

Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards,<br />

1837<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:326, pi. 97: figs.<br />

1, 2.-Chace and Hobbs, 1969:173, figs. 55,<br />

58b-d.<br />

Type-locality: Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; south<br />

Florida; Florida Keys; Tex<strong>as</strong>; Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; St. Croix; Dominica;<br />

Isl<strong>as</strong> Los Roques and Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Colombia; Ceara to Pernambuco, Brazil;<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from Senegal to Zaire<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Euchirograpsus americanus A. Milne<br />

Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:461, fig. 370.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, 126.2 m, Blake Stn.<br />

278.<br />

Distribution: Off Oregon Inlet, North Carolina,<br />

Florida through West Indies, and Colombia to<br />

Venezuela (Williams, 1984).<br />

Euchirograpsus antillensis Turkay, 1975<br />

Description: Turkay, 1975:112, figs 4-5,16a,<br />

10,25.<br />

Type-locality: Cuba, Havana, Playa Baracoa,<br />

23 G 0430 M N, 82 o 34 , 00"W, 414 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Havana, Cuba; Arrowsmith<br />

Banks, between Cuba and Yucatan; south of<br />

Florida Keys; Baham<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />

Geograpsus lividus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:232, pi. 55.--<br />

Chace and Hobbs, 1969:157, figs. 48,52a-c.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Florida Keys, north<br />

and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto<br />

Rico; Virgin Islands to Barbados; Netherlands<br />

Antilles to Trinidad; Old Providence Island<br />

(Caribbean); Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Colombia to<br />

Sao Paulo, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from<br />

Senegal to Angola; Cape Verde Islands; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Pacific, from southern part of Baja Cakfornia<br />

to northern Chile; Clipperton Island; Galapagos<br />

Islands; Hawaiian Islands (Powers, 1977).<br />

Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:237, fig. 136, pi.<br />

57.~Chace and Hobbs, 1969:160, figs. 49,<br />

52d-f.<br />

Type-locality: Islands of South America,<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; northwest<br />

Florida (rare); Tampico, Mexico; north and<br />

south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola;<br />

Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />

Netherlands Antilles; Belize; Old Providence<br />

Islands (Caribbean); Surinam to Rio de<br />

Janeiro, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from Senegal<br />

to northern Angola (Powers, 1977).<br />

Grapsus grapsus (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:227, fig. 135, pis.<br />

53,54.~Chaee and Hobbs 1969:163^ figs. 50,<br />

52g-i.<br />

Type-locality: America and Ascension Island.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

and south Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>; north and south<br />

co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico;<br />

Hispafiiola; Virgin Islands to Barbados;<br />

Netherlands Antilles to Trinidad; Old<br />

Providence Island and Swan Island<br />

(Caribbean); Colombia to northern Brazil;<br />

e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, and from Portugal to Angola;<br />

Cape Verde Islands and Azores; St. Helena<br />

Island; Ascension Island; e<strong>as</strong>tern Pacific from<br />

central Baja California to central Chile;<br />

Galapagos Islands; Clipperton Island (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:249, pi. 60: fig.<br />

3, pi. 61: fig. l.-Chace and Hobbs,<br />

1969:167, figs. 51,52j.

---

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; south<br />

Florida; Tex<strong>as</strong>; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands;<br />

Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Columbia; Pernambuco to<br />

Bahia, Brazil; e<strong>as</strong>tern Atlantic, from Senegal to<br />

Zaire (Powers, 1977)<br />

Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:459, fig. 368.<br />

Type-locality: Key West, (Florida).<br />

Distribution: Cape Lookout, North Carolina,<br />

to Montevideo, Uruguay; Bermuda;<br />

Mediterranean Sea to northern Angola; e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Pacific from California to Peru, Galapagos<br />

Islands (Williams, 1984).<br />

Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984*462, fig. 371.<br />

Type-locality: Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Fort Macon, North Carolina;<br />

southern Florida and Baham<strong>as</strong> to Brazil;<br />

Bermuda; Azores to Angola; Cape San Luc<strong>as</strong>,<br />

Baja California, to Chile; Galapagos Islands<br />

(Williams, 1984).<br />

Plagusia depressa (Fabricius, 1775)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:463, fig. 372.<br />

Type-locality: "In mari mediterraneo"<br />

(err<strong>one</strong>ous).<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina,<br />

through Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to<br />

Pernambuco, Brazil; Bermuda; Azores;<br />

Madeira; Morocco to northern Angola; St.<br />

Helena Island (Chace 1966; Williams, 1984).<br />

Planes minutus (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />

Description: Chace, 1951:67, figs, la, 2a, d,<br />

g,j,k,l, 3a-h.<br />

Type-locality: "Habitat in Palgi Fuco natante,<br />

supra aquam saepius cursitans".<br />

Distribution: From off e<strong>as</strong>tern North America<br />

(south of Newfoundland) through the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of America, Florida to Baham<strong>as</strong>; West<br />

Indies.<br />

Platychirograpsus spectabilis DeMan, 1896<br />

Description: Monod, 1956:426, figs. 584-588.<br />

Type-locality: Gabon.<br />

Distribution: Gulf co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; west co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of Florida (Powers, 1977); Gabon.<br />

Sesarma benedicti Rathbun, 1897<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:316, pi. 93.--<br />

Abele, 1973:379, figs. 1A, 1G.<br />

Checklist 63<br />

Type-locality: Surinam.<br />

Distribution: Key West, Florida; Guyai i and<br />

Surinam; Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Sesarma cinereum (Bosc, 1802)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:465, fig. 373.<br />

Type-locality: "La Caroline."<br />

Distribution: Magothy River, Chesapeake Bay,<br />

Maryland, to Palm Beach, e<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Collier<br />

County, west Florida, to Veracruz Mexico<br />

(Abele, 1973). Older records from the West<br />

Indies and elsewhere are err<strong>one</strong>ous (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Sesarma curacaoense De Man, 1892<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:293, fig. 147, pi.<br />

78: figs. 1, 2, pi. 160: fig. 3.--Abele,<br />

1973:380, figs. 1C, IF.<br />

Type-locality: Cur<strong>as</strong>ao.<br />

Distribution: Key West, Florida; south and<br />

southwest Florida; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Bahia, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Sesarma miersii Rathbun, 1897<br />

Description: Abele, 1972a: 166, figs. IB, 1C,<br />

2B, 2C; 1973:380, fig. II.<br />

Type-locality: Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; Key West, Florida;<br />

south co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; Swan Island (Caribbean);<br />

Dominica (Powers, 1977).<br />

Sesarma reticulatum (Say, 1817)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:466, fig. 374.<br />

Type-locality: Muddy salt marshes (e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

of United States).<br />

Distribution: Woods Hole, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />

Volusia County, e<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Sar<strong>as</strong>ota, west<br />

Florida, to Calhoun County, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Abele,<br />

1973).<br />

Sesarma ricordi H. Milne Edwards, 1853<br />

Description: Chace andHobbs, 1969:183, fig.<br />

62k.-Abele, 1973:378, fig. 1 J.<br />

Type-locality: Haiti.<br />

Distribution: Bermuda; Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Florida; Florida Keys; west co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />

north co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; Cuba; Jamica;<br />

Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands to<br />

Trinidad; Curacao; Old Providence Island<br />

(Caribbean); Yucatan to Surinam (Powers,<br />

1977).

---

64 Checklist<br />

FAMILY PINNOTHERIDAE<br />

Dissodactylus borradailei Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:121, fig. 68, pi.<br />

27: figs. 5-8.<br />

Type-locality: Miami, Florida; 55 m.<br />

Distribution: Off southe<strong>as</strong>t and southwest<br />

co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; Jamaica (Powers, 1977).<br />

Dissodactylus crinitkhelis Moreira, 1901<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:438, fig. 350.<br />

Type-locality: Estado de Rio Grande do Sul,<br />

Brazil.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t of Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina off northwest Florida;<br />

Caribbean Sea and South America to Rio de la<br />

Plata, Argentina (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />

Dissodactylus mellitae (Rathbun, 1900)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:439, fig. 351.<br />

type-locality: Pensacola, Florida, on Mellita<br />

quinquiesperforata.<br />

Distribution: Western part of Vineyard Sound,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Charleston, South Carolina;<br />

Hutchinson Island, e<strong>as</strong>t Florida (Camp et al.,<br />

1977); western Florida; off Galveston, Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Rogers 1968; Williams, 1984).<br />

Dissodactylus primitivus Bouvier, 1917<br />

Description: Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1923:346, fig. 8, pi. 8: figs. 3,4, pi. 9: fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: West of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Dissodactylus rugatus Bouvier, 1917<br />

Description: A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier,<br />

1923:238, fig. 9, pi. 8: figs. 5,6, pi. 9: figs. 2.<br />

Type-locality: Dominique.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Dominica.<br />

Dissodactylus stebbingi Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:123, fig. 69, pi.<br />

28: figs. 1, 2.<br />

Type-locality: Sar<strong>as</strong>ota Bay, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Virginia; west and northwest<br />

co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida (Powers, 1977).<br />

Fabia byssomiae (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:105, fig. 56, pi.<br />

24: figs. 6, 8.<br />

Type-locality: Inhabits the Byssomia distorta<br />

(southern Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of United States).<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; northwest<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba (Powers, 1977).<br />

Fabia tellinae Cobb, 1973<br />

Description: Cobb, 1973:70, figs. 1-2.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf of Mexico off NW Florida,<br />

30°13*N 85 0 53'W, 12.2 m.<br />

Distribution: Off northwest Florida to<br />

Alabama.<br />

©rthotheres strombi (Rathbun, 1905)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:90, fig. 45, pi.<br />

20: figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Clearwater Harbor, Florida.<br />

Distribution: West and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Florida (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pampinnixa bouview Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:447, fig. 357.<br />

Type-locality: Off Cape Gatocfte, Yucatan<br />

(Mexico), 22°08 , 30 n N, Se^^'W, 45.7 m,<br />

Albatross Stn. 2362.<br />

Distribution: Off Charleston, South Carolina;<br />

south of Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; Puerto Rico; and<br />

the type-locality (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pampinnixa hendersoni Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:448, fig. 358.<br />

Type-locality: Los Arroyos, Cuba.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Cape Lookout, North<br />

Carolina, 34°29 , N, 76°13'W, 33 m; 34°34'N,<br />

75°50'W, 64 m); off Tampa Bay, Florida,<br />

through West Indies to Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Maranhao to<br />

Bahia, Brazil (Coelho and Ramos, 1972).<br />

PinnaxodesflomdensisWdls and Wells, 1961<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:449, fig. 359.<br />

Type-locality: Outer beach near Fort Walton<br />

Beach, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Off North Carolina to Georgia:<br />

northwest Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pinnixa chaceiW<strong>as</strong>s, 1955<br />

Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955:160, figs. 5-9.<br />

Type-locality: Gulf Beach, Alligator Point,<br />

Franklin County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Northwest Florida; Louisiana and<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong> (Powers, 1977).<br />

Pinnixa chaetopterana Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:451, fig. 360.<br />

Type-locality: Charleston Harbor, South<br />

Carolina, on muddy or clayey shores in tubes<br />

of Chaetopterus variopedatus.<br />

Distribution: Wellfleet, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Rio<br />

Grande do Sul, Brazil (Williams, 1984).

---

Pinnixa cristata Rathbun, 1900<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:453, fig. 361.<br />

Type-locality: Beaufort, North Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina, to<br />

Edisto Island, South Carolina; Grande Isle,<br />

Louisiana, to Long Lake, Blackjack Peninsula,<br />

Arans<strong>as</strong> Couty, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Hedgpeth, 1950;<br />

Williams, 1984).<br />

Pinnixa cylindrica (Say, 1818)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:453, fig. 362.<br />

Type-locality: Jekyll Island, Georgia.<br />

Distribution: North Falmouth, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />

to Pensacola, Florida (Cooley 1978), including<br />

Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pinnixa floridana Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:454, fig. 363.<br />

Type-locality: Marco, Florida, also Sar<strong>as</strong>ota<br />

Bay.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t off Cape Lookout,<br />

North Carolina; Hutchinson Island, e<strong>as</strong>t central<br />

Florida (Camp et al., 1977); west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pinnixa leptosynaptae W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968<br />

Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968:137, figs. 1-6.<br />

Type-locality: Bald Point at the entrance to<br />

Ochlock<strong>one</strong>e Bay, Franklin County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Pinnixa lunzi Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937<br />

Description: Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937:3, figs. 1-8.--<br />

Williams, 1984:455, figs. 364- 365.<br />

Type-locality: Isle of Palms (about 15 mi. NE<br />

of Charleston), South Carolina.<br />

Distribution: Off Delmarva Peninsula,<br />

Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia;<br />

off Mississippi River delta and Seven and One-<br />

Half Fathom Reef off Tex<strong>as</strong> near 26°51 *N,<br />

96°18W (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pinnixa pearsei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955<br />

Description: W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955:164, figs. 10-13.<br />

, Type-locality: Indian P<strong>as</strong>s, Apalachicola,<br />

Florida.<br />

Distribution: Northwest Florida (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Pinnixa retinens Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:456, fig. 366.<br />

Type-locality: Chesapeake Bay, off Poplar<br />

Island, Maryland, 36.6 m., soft bottom.<br />

Distribution: Delaware Bay (Watling and<br />

Checklist 65<br />

Maurer, 1976); Little River Inlet, South<br />

Carolina, Alligator Harbor, Florida; Arai. ><strong>as</strong><br />

area of Tex<strong>as</strong> co<strong>as</strong>t (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pinnixa sayana Stimpson, 1860<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:457, fig. 367.<br />

Type-locality: Mouth of Beaufort Harbor,<br />

North Carolina, 10.97 m, sandy mud.<br />

Distribution: Vineyard Sound, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts,<br />

to Beaufort, North Carolina; Hutchinson<br />

Island, e<strong>as</strong>t central Florida (Camp et al., 1977),<br />

Sar<strong>as</strong>ota Bay, Florida, to Grand Isle,<br />

Louisiana; Amapa, Para, Pernambuco, Sao<br />

Paulo, Brazil (Williams, 1984).<br />

Pinnotheres hemphilli Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:99, fig. 51, pi.<br />

23.<br />

Type-locality: Cedar Keys, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Cedar Keys, Florida.<br />

Pinnotheres maculatus Say, 1818<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:441, Fig. 353.<br />

Type-locality: Given <strong>as</strong> "Inhabits the muricated<br />

Pinna of our co<strong>as</strong>t."<br />

Distribution: Off Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Golfo San Mati<strong>as</strong>, Argentina<br />

(Fenucci, 1975).<br />

Pinnotheres moseri Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:94, text-fig. 47,<br />

pi. 21: figs. 3,4, fig. 47.<br />

Type-locality: Port Royal, Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; Jamaica.<br />

Pinnotheres ostreum Say, 1817<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:444, figs. 354-<br />

356.<br />

Type-locality: "United States" (see Schmitt, et<br />

al., 1973); these authors menti<strong>one</strong>d six<br />

probable syntypes from the United States and<br />

Virginia in the British Museum (Natural<br />

History) and that, according to DeKay (1844),<br />

Say's specimen w<strong>as</strong> from New Jersey.<br />

Distribution: Salem, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil.<br />

Pinnotheres shoemakeri Rathbun, 1918<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:95, fig. 48, pi.<br />

22: figs. 1-4.<br />

Type-locality: St. Thom<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida; St.<br />

Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands.

---

66 Checklist<br />

FAMILY OCYPODIDAE<br />

Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:468, fig. 375.<br />

Type-locality: Jamaica.<br />

Distribution: Block Island, Rhode Island, to<br />

Santa Catarina, Brazil (megalopae have been<br />

taken at Woods Hole); Bermuda; Fernanado de<br />

Noronha (Williams, 1984).<br />

Uca togmi Holthuis, 1967<br />

Description: Crane, 1975:168, figs. 26F,<br />

31H, 54G, 66P, 100, pi. 24E-H, map 12.<br />

Type-locality: Plantage Knip, Westpunt,<br />

Curagao, Netherlands Antilles.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>t (Gulf) co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; north and<br />

south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Hispafiiola;<br />

Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to<br />

Trinidad; Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucantan to<br />

Guatamala; Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama;<br />

Venezuela to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Uca leptodactyla Rathbun, 1898<br />

Description: Crane, 1975:304, figs. 37M,<br />

56F, 60N-0,69K-L, 101, map 17, pi. 41A-D.<br />

Type-locality: Near Fort Montague, N<strong>as</strong>sau,<br />

New Province, Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: West co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida (not<br />

recently); e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan; north co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; St. Croix;<br />

Cur<strong>as</strong>ao; Venezuela to Santa Catarina, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Uca longisignalis Salmon and Atsaides, 1968<br />

Description: Salmon and Atsaides, 1968:279,<br />

figs. 1-4,6,7.<br />

Type-locality: Ocean Springs, Mississippi.<br />

Distribution: Northwest Florida to south Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Uca minax (Le Conte, 1855)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:473, fig. 377a.<br />

Type-locality: Beesleys Point, New Jersey.<br />

Distribution: Buzzards Bay (Wareham and<br />

southwestern Cape Cod), M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>t Florida, and from the area of<br />

Yankeetown, northwest Florida, to Louisiana,<br />

and on to Matagorda Bay, Tex<strong>as</strong> (Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Uca panacea Novak and Salmon, 1974<br />

Description: Novak and Salmon, 1974:316,<br />

figs. 1-8.<br />

Type-locality: Panacea, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Northwest Florida to south<br />

Tex<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Uca pugilator (Bosc, 1802)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:475, figs. 376,<br />

377c.<br />

Type-locality: '"Caroline."<br />

Distribution: Cape Cod, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; (rare<br />

on the north shore) southward around the tip of<br />

Peninsular Florida to near Pensacola (Heard,<br />

1982); O^d Providence Island, Baham<strong>as</strong>, and<br />

Santo Domingo (Crane, 1975; Williams,<br />

1984).<br />

Uca pugnax (Smith, 1870)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:478, fig. 377b.<br />

Type-locality: New Haven, (Connecticut).<br />

Distribution: Provincetown, M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, to<br />

Daytona Beach, Florida (Williams, 1984).<br />

Uca rapax (Smith, 1870)<br />

Description: Crane, 1975:190, figs. 52c-D,<br />

54F, 67C, 86,91E-F, 100, pis. 27A-D, 45C-<br />

F, map 14.<br />

Type-locality: Atlantic co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama:<br />

Aspinwall.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />

Florida Keys; southwest co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida;<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico to northe<strong>as</strong>t Yucatan;<br />

north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica;<br />

Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin<br />

Islands to Trinidad and Tobago; Netherlands<br />

Antilles; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Yucatan to Guatamala;<br />

Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>t of Panama to Santa Catarina,<br />

Brazil (Powers, 1977).<br />

Uca speciosa (Ives, 1891)<br />

Description: Crane, 1975:236, figs. 68G, 101,<br />

map 15, pi. 31 A-D.<br />

Type-locality: Port of Silam, Yucatan.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida; Florida Keys;<br />

west and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; northe<strong>as</strong>t<br />

Yucatan and northwest Cuba (Powers, 1977).<br />

Uca spinicarpa Rathbun, 1900<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:411, pi. 148.-<br />

Crane, 1975:239, figs. 68k, 101, pi. 31E-H,<br />

map 15.<br />

Type-locality: Galveston.<br />

Distribution: Alabama to northe<strong>as</strong>tern co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Mexico (Powers, 1977). Pensacola area,<br />

Florida (personal communication, P. M.<br />

Mikkelsen).

---

Uca thayeri Rathbun, 1900<br />

Description: Crane, 1975:112, figs. 46K,<br />

56E, 60H-I, 73A-B, 811, 821, 99, map 11, pi.<br />

17.<br />

Type-locality: Rio Parahyba do Norte at<br />

Cabedello, Brazil.<br />

Distribution: E<strong>as</strong>t and southwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Florida; north and south co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba;<br />

Jamaica; Hispafiiola; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe;<br />

Trinidad; Tobago; Guatamala and Panama<br />

(Caribbean co<strong>as</strong>ts) Venezuela to Sao Paulo,<br />

Brazil.<br />

Uca vocator (Herbst, 1804)<br />

Description: Crane, 1975:27, figs. 66D, 100,<br />

pi. 23E-G, pi. 24A-D, map 13.<br />

Type-locality: "Amerika" (restricted by<br />

neotype selection of Holthuis, 1959, to Bank<br />

of Suriname River at Leosberg, Surinam).<br />

Distribution: southern Florida; Tampico,<br />

Mexico; Belize to Guyana; Puerto Rico; Santo<br />

Domingo; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Trinidad and<br />

Tobago; Paraiba to Pernambuco, Brazil; ?Santa<br />

Catarina, Brazil.<br />

Utides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:347, fig. 158, pis.<br />

110-113, pi. 159: figs. 3,4.<br />

Type-locality: America.<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong>; southe<strong>as</strong>t Florida;<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>t Mexico to Panama; north and south<br />

co<strong>as</strong>ts of Cuba; Jamaica; Hispafiiola; Puerto<br />

Rico; St. Thom<strong>as</strong>, Virgin Islands to Grenada;<br />

Colombia to Santa Catarina, Brazil.<br />

FAMILY PALICIDAE<br />

Palicus qffinis A. Milne Edwards and<br />

Bouvier, 1899<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:196, fig. 121, pi.<br />

46, pi. 47: fig. 3.<br />

Type-locality: Santa Cruz, 210 m.<br />

Distribution: Southe<strong>as</strong>t and west co<strong>as</strong>ts of<br />

Florida; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Virgin Islands;<br />

Barbados; Guian<strong>as</strong> to Espirito Santo, Brazil<br />

(Powers, 1977).<br />

Palicus alternatus Rathbun, 1897<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:482, fig. 378.<br />

Type-locality: 29°11 , 30"N, 85 o 29*00"W, 47.6<br />

m. (south of Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong>, Florida).<br />

Distribution: Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong> to SE Cape Fear,<br />

North Carolina; Gulf of Mexico along west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida from Cape San Bi<strong>as</strong> to Key<br />

West (Williams, 1984).<br />

Checklist 67<br />

Palicus cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:186, fig. llu.<br />

Type-locality: Grenada, 166 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Grenada, Windward Islands.<br />

Florida (personal communication, P. A.<br />

McLaughlin).<br />

Palicus cursor (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:215, figs. 130-<br />

131, pi. 52: figs. 1,2.<br />

Type-locality: Sand Key, Havana, St. Kitts,<br />

E)ominique, Barbados, 252-448 m.<br />

Distribution: North Carolina; Florida Keys;<br />

west and northwest co<strong>as</strong>ts of Florida; north<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba; St. Christopher; Dominica;<br />

Barbados (Powers, 1977).<br />

Palicus dentatus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:202, fig. 124.<br />

Type-locality: Charlotte Harbor, 91m, and<br />

Barbados, 110-176 m.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys; west co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida; off Alabama; off Barbados (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Palicus faxoni Rathbun, 1897<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:483, fig. 379.<br />

Type-locality: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, 89.6 m.<br />

Distribution: Off Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, to near Cape Canaveral, Florida; off<br />

Yucatan, Mexico; near Quita Sueno Banks;<br />

southwest St. Christopher; off Cabo Frio, Rio<br />

de Janerio (Williams, 1984).<br />

Palicus floridana (Rathbun, 1918)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:220, pi. 41: figs.<br />

3,4.<br />

Type-locality: Off Sand Key, Florida; 216 m.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Palicus gracilis (Smith, 1883)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:218, text-fig. 132,<br />

pi. 50, pi. 51: fig. 1.<br />

Type-locality: Martha's Vineyard,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts, 260 m.<br />

Distribution: Off M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts; e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of<br />

Florida; northwest Florida; Louisiana to central<br />

e<strong>as</strong>t co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; north co<strong>as</strong>t of Cuba;<br />

Curacao (Powers, 1977).<br />

Palicus obesus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Rathbun, 1918:205, fig. 125, pi. 49.<br />

Type-locality: 23°13'N, 89°16*W, 154 m.

---

68 Checklist<br />

Distribution: Off northwest Florida and<br />

Mississippi; Campeche, Mexico (Powers,<br />

1977).<br />

Palicus ska (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:483, fig. 380.<br />

Type-locality: Barbados, 150 m, Blake Stn.<br />

293.<br />

Distribution: Off Charleston, South Carolina,<br />

to northe<strong>as</strong>t Cape Canaveral, Florida; west<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Florida through West Indies to<br />

Barbados and Grenada (Williams, 1984).<br />

FAMILY CRYPTOCHIRIDAE<br />

Pseudocryptochirus corallicola (Verrill, 1908)<br />

Description: Shaw and Hopkins, 1977:178,<br />

figs. 2b, 3b.<br />

Type-locality: Dominica.<br />

Distribution: Known only from Western<br />

Atlantic: Dominica Island on Mussa; Bermuda<br />

Islands on Mussa, Meandra (=Manicinia) and<br />

Dichocognia; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida on<br />

Meandra {^Mankind) areolata and Meandrina;<br />

Florida Middle Ground on Scolymia lacera,<br />

multiple polyp Scolymia, and Manicina areolata<br />

(Shaw and Hopkins, 1977).<br />

Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus Shaw and<br />

Hopkins, 1977<br />

Description: Shaw and Hopkins, 1977:179,<br />

figs. 1, 2a, 3a.<br />

Type-locality: Florida Middle Ground about<br />

137 km west of Tarpon Springs, Florida<br />

28 o 30'49 M N, 84°20'30 M W, 27 m, from<br />

Agariciafragilis.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the e<strong>as</strong>tern<br />

Gulf of Mexico on the Florida Middle Ground,<br />

in 25-30 meters, on Agariciafragilis (Shaw and<br />

Hopkins, 1977).

---

The records cited below came to our attention<br />

or were published after this volume w<strong>as</strong><br />

completed.<br />

FAMILY PALAEMONIDAE<br />

Neopontonides chacei Heard, 1986<br />

Description: Heard, 1986:472, figs. 1A, 2,3,<br />

4B-D.<br />

Type-locality: Reef south of Marigot Bay, St.<br />

Lucia Island.<br />

Distribution: Florida Keys south to Carrie<br />

Bow Cay, Belize, on the gorgonian<br />

Pseudopterogorgia americana.<br />

Periclimenaeus bredini Chace, 1972<br />

Description: Chace, 1972:26, fig. 5.<br />

Type-locality: Isla Mujeres off the Yucatan<br />

Peninsula.<br />

Distribution: Known from the type-locality and<br />

the Florida Middle Grounds (Dardeau, 1984)<br />

where it w<strong>as</strong> collected from a sponge.<br />

Pontonia mexicana Guerin-Meneville, 1855<br />

Description: Holthuis, 1951b:130, pi. 41.<br />

Type-locality: Mexico (Holthuis, 1951b).<br />

Distribution: Baham<strong>as</strong> and Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; e<strong>as</strong>t<br />

co<strong>as</strong>t of Mexico; West Indies (Chace, 1972).<br />

Pseudopontonides principis (Criales, 1980)<br />

Description: Criales, 1980:68.~Heard,<br />

1986:481, Figs. 5A-F.<br />

Type-locality: Awa di Oostpunt, Curacao.<br />

Distribution: Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico;<br />

Puerto Rico; Bonaire and Curacao. On<br />

antipatharians.<br />

FAMILY ALPHEIDAE<br />

Alpheus bahamensis Rankin, 1898<br />

Description: Zimmer, 1913:405, figs. l^-Z 1<br />

(<strong>as</strong> A. hippothoe var. edamensisl).--Cha.ee,<br />

1972:58.<br />

Type-locality: New Providence Island,<br />

Baham<strong>as</strong>.<br />

Distribution: Bermud<strong>as</strong>; Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>;<br />

Yucatan Peninsula; West Indies (Chace, 1972).<br />

Fenneralpheus chacei Felder and Manning,<br />

1986<br />

Description: Felder and Manning, 1986:498,<br />

figs. 1-3.<br />

Type-locality: Fort Pierce Inlet, St. Lucie<br />

ADDENDUM<br />

Checklist 69<br />

Country, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Fort Pierce and Key West,<br />

Florida (Felder and Manning, 1986).<br />

Salm<strong>one</strong>us cavicolus Felder and Manning,<br />

1986<br />

Description: Felder and Manning, 1986:503,<br />

figs. 4-6.<br />

Type-locality: South side of Fort Pierce Inlet,<br />

St. Lucie County, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Known only from the typelocality.<br />

Synalpheus scaphoceris Coutiere, 1910<br />

Description: Dardeau, 1986:491, figs. 1-3.<br />

Type-locality: Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida.<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico: IsladeLobos,<br />

West Flower Garden Bank, E<strong>as</strong>t Flower<br />

Garden Bank, Florida Middle Grounds, off<br />

Sanibel Island, Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>; Caribbean:<br />

Peurto Rico and Curacao; Brazil (Dardeau,<br />

1986).<br />

FAMILY GONEPLACIDAE<br />

Ch<strong>as</strong>mocarcinus chacei Felder and Rabalais,<br />

1986<br />

Description: Felder and Rabalais, 1986:548,<br />

figs. l,2a-g, 3a-h.<br />

Type-locality: Vicinity of Flower Garden<br />

Banks, northwestern Gulf of Mexico<br />

(27°53.97*N, 93°34.79'W, 126 m).<br />

Distribution: Gulf of Mexico from the Tex<strong>as</strong><br />

co<strong>as</strong>t to Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong>, Florida; possibly off<br />

Anguilla (Felder and Rabalais, 1986).<br />

Speocarcinus carolinensis Stimpson, 1859<br />

Description: Williams, 1984:437, fig. 349.-<br />

Felder and Rabalais, 1986:572, figs, lld-f,<br />

12.<br />

Type-locality: Charleston Harbor, South<br />

Carolina.<br />

Distribution: South of Cape Hatter<strong>as</strong>, North<br />

Carolina, through the West Indies to Amapa,<br />

Brazil (Williams, 1984). Dry Tortug<strong>as</strong> and the<br />

Margues<strong>as</strong> Keys, Florida (Felder and Rabalais,<br />

1986).

---

70 Key to Families<br />

Key to families of Florida decapods<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918,1930,1937, Barnard, 1950,<br />

Holthuis, 1955, and Williams, 1984]<br />

1. General form shrimplike, usually compressed; pleuron of second somite never<br />

overlapping that of first somite; first 3 pairs of pereopods usually chelate (except in<br />

some Sergestoidea), third pair never unusually robust ....2<br />

General form shrimplike, lobsterlike, or crablike; if shrimplike with pleuron of<br />

second abdominal somite overlapping that of first somite and third pair of<br />

pereopods not chelate or unusually en<strong>large</strong>d (except Stenopodidae, with pleuron of<br />

second abdominal somite not overlapping that of first somite; third pereopods<br />

chelate, stronger than preceding) 8<br />

2. (1) Fourth and fifth pereopods well developed 3<br />

Fourth and fifth pereopods reduced or absent 7<br />

3. (2) Postorbital spine present... Solenoceridae (page 97)<br />

Postorbital spine absent 4<br />

4. (3) Integument rigid, of stony appearance; cervical groove very faint or absent<br />

Sicyoniidae (page 109)<br />

Integument more or less flexible, not stony and rigid in appearance; cervical groove<br />

present and e<strong>as</strong>ily discerned 5<br />

5. (4) Eyestalks without tubercles on their mesial (inner) borders; epipods absent behind<br />

third pereopods Penaeidae (page 82)<br />

Eyestalks each with tubercle on its mesial (inner) border; epipods on all coxae from<br />

second maxillipeds through fourth pereopods 6<br />

6. (5) Distal, filamentous portion of upper antennular flagellum extensively developed<br />

Benthesicymidae (page 79)<br />

Distal, filamentous portion of upper antennular flagellum not extensively developed.<br />

Aristeidae (page 79)<br />

7. (2) Anterior region of cephalothorax not greatly elongate; gills present.<br />

Sergestidae (page 115)<br />

Anterior region of cephalothorax greatly elongate; gills absent<br />

Luciferidae (page 125)<br />

8. (1) Form shrimplike; usually with body compressed 9<br />

Form lobsterlike or crablike 24

---

Key to Families 7 1<br />

9. (8) Pleuron of second abdominal somite not overlapping that of first somite; third<br />

pereopods chelate, stronger than preceding Stenopodidae (page 281)<br />

Pleuron of second abdominal somite overlapping that of first somite; third pair of<br />

pereopods never chelate 10<br />

10. (9) First pair of pereopods chelate or simple 11<br />

First pair of pereopods subchelate 23<br />

11. (10) Fingers of all four chelae slender, their cutting edges pectinate<br />

.. P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae (page 137)<br />

Cutting edges of fingers of chelae not all pectinate 12<br />

12. (11) Carpi of second pair of pereopods entire; first pair of pereopods always with welldeveloped<br />

chelae 13<br />

Carpi of second pair of pereopods usually subdivided into two or more segments; if<br />

not, first pair of pereopods not chelate 19<br />

13. (12) First pair of pereopods stronger and heavier though often shorter than second 14<br />

First pair of pereopods usually more slender than, rarely subequal to, second 16<br />

14. (13) Ends of fingers of first two pairs of pereopods not dark colored; ultimate segment<br />

of second maxilliped placed at end of penultimate segment; exopod of first<br />

maxilliped without flagellum Bresiliidae (page 141)<br />

Ends of lingers of first two pairs of pereopods dark colored; ultimate segment of<br />

second maxilliped applied <strong>as</strong> strip alongside of penultimate segment; exopod of first<br />

maxilliped with distinct flagellum 15<br />

15. (14) Rostrum immovable; exopods on pereopods Eugonatonotidae (page 145)<br />

Rostrum movable; no exopods on pereopods Rhynchocinetidae (page 145)<br />

16. (13) Pereopods usually with exopods; if not, fingers of chelae with terminal brushes of<br />

long hairs .. 17<br />

Pereopods without exopods; chelae without terminal brushes of long hairs 18<br />

17. (16) Mandible without palp; fingers of chelae usually with conspicuous terminal<br />

brushes of hairs; l<strong>as</strong>t three pairs of pereopods not conspicuously lengthened;<br />

pereopods with or without exopods Atyidae (page 127)<br />

Mandible with palp; fingers of chelae without terminal brushes of hairs; pereopod<br />

with exopods (l<strong>as</strong>t three pairs of pereopods not conspicuously lengthened; carpi of<br />

these pereopods distinctly shorter than propodi) Oplophoridae (page 131)

---

72 Key to Families<br />

18. (16) Mandible usually with incisor process; if not, third maxilliped not expanded or<br />

leaf-like Palaemonidae (page 152)<br />

Mandible without incisor process; third maxillipeds expanded and leaf-like<br />

Gnathophyllidae (page 149)<br />

19. (12) Chelae of first pair of pereopods microscopically small or absent (mandible bifid,<br />

with palp; rostrum laterally compressed, distinctly dentate)<br />

'.. Pandalidae (page 262)<br />

Chelae of first pair of pereopods distinct, at le<strong>as</strong>t on <strong>one</strong> side . 20<br />

20. (19) First pair of pereopods both chelate; rostrum dentate or unarmed, not with single<br />

subdistal dorsal tooth . 21<br />

Usually right first pereopod chelate, the other ending in simple claw-like dactyl; if<br />

both chelate, rostrum with subdistal dorsal tooth Processidae (page 254)<br />

21. (20) Ends of fingers of first pair of chelae usually dark colored; first pair of chelipeds<br />

short and rather heavy but not swollen; eyes free, never extremely elongate<br />

Hippolytidae (page 230)<br />

Ends of fingers of first pair of chelae not dark colored; eyes either extremely long<br />

or partly or wholly covered by carapace 22<br />

22. (21) Eyes extremely elongate, reaching almost to end of antennular peduncle; cornea<br />

small; first pair of pereopods shorter than and about <strong>as</strong> robust <strong>as</strong> second<br />

Ogyrididae (page 251)<br />

Eyes usually partly or wholly covered by carapace, never very elongate; first pair<br />

of pereopods distinctly stronger than second, often unequal and swollen<br />

.... Alpheidae (page 194)<br />

23. (10) Carpi of second pair of pereopods multi-articulate<br />

Glyphocrangonidae (page 277)<br />

Carpi of second pair of pereopods not subdivided Crangonidae (page 271)<br />

24. (8) Body lobsterlike and strongly calcified; abdomen with pleura well developed; first<br />

three pairs of pereopods either all chelate or n<strong>one</strong> chelate 25<br />

Body crablike or lobsterlike, sometimes weakly calcified in part; pleura often<br />

reduced or absent; first three pairs of pereopods never alike; first, second, or first<br />

and second pereopods chelate or subchelate 28<br />

25. (24) First three pairs of pereopods chelate, first <strong>large</strong>st; uropods well developed,<br />

lateral ramus (uropodal exopod) transversely divided.. Nephropidae (page 285)<br />

First three pairs of pereopods never chelate; uropods well developed, lateral<br />

ramus without transverse division .26

---

Key to Families 73<br />

26. (25) Carapace with small rostrum; first pereopods much <strong>large</strong>r than others (body<br />

tubular; antennae cylindrical, shorter than body) Synaxiidae (page 323)<br />

Carapace without rostrum; first pereopods not en<strong>large</strong>d except in Justitia 27<br />

27. (26) Carapace subcylindrical; antennal flagella long, strong, and spiny<br />

Palinuridae (page 313)<br />

Carapace more or less flattened dorsoventrally, lateral margins sharp; antennae<br />

short, flagella replaced by plates with dentate or lobulate margins<br />

Scyllaridae (page 316)<br />

28. (24) Either lobsterlike or crablike; abdomen extended, bent upon itself, or flexed<br />

beneath thorax; l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic sternite free; uropods present; carapace not fused<br />

with epistome; first, second, or first 2 pairs of pereopods chelate or subchelate ....<br />

29<br />

Crablike; abdomen permanently flexed beneath carapace; l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic sternite<br />

fused with preceding; uropods rarely present, never biramous; carapace fused<br />

with epistome; first pair of pereopods chelate or subchelate 40<br />

29. (28) Second to fourth pereopods with dactyli conspicuously curved and flattened;<br />

abdomen much reduced in size and flexed beneath thorax 30<br />

Second to fourth pereopods with dactyli not conspicuously curved and flattened;<br />

abdomen well developed but may be flexed beneath thorax 31<br />

30. (29) First pair of pereopods subchelate; carapace depressed... Albuneidae (page 427)<br />

First pair of pereopods simple; carapace subcylindrical Hi ppidae (page 433)<br />

31. (29) Abdomen usually <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical (rarely secondarily straightened), usually<br />

membranous and with uropods adapted for holding body in hollow objects; rarely<br />

leathery, unprotected, and bent under thorax 32<br />

Abdomen symmetrical and obviously segmented; uropods well developed for<br />

swimming, never for holding body in hollow objects 35<br />

32. (31) Third maxillipeds approximated at b<strong>as</strong>e; chelipeds subequal, or left much <strong>large</strong>r<br />

than right, rarely with right slightly <strong>large</strong>r than left 33<br />

Third maxillipeds widely separated at b<strong>as</strong>e by sternum; right cheliped usually<br />

much <strong>large</strong>r than left, left never <strong>large</strong>r than right, occ<strong>as</strong>ionally subequal 34<br />

33. (32) Ventral antennular flagellum ending in filament Diogenidae (page 330)<br />

Ventral antennular flagellum ending bluntly Coenobitidae (page 327)

---

74 Key to Families<br />

34. (32) Carapace firm anteriorly, more or less membranous posteriorly; rostrum obsolete<br />

or nearly so; fourth pereopods unlike third Paguridae (page 359)<br />

Carapace firm all over, spiny in many species; rostrum more or less spiniform;<br />

fourth pereopods like third Lithodidae (page 355)<br />

35. (31) Body subcylindrical; first two pairs of pereopods chelate or subchelate (first only<br />

in Upogebiidae); abdomen extended 36<br />

Body slightly depressed; only first pereopods chelate; abdomen bent under thorax.<br />

38<br />

36. (35) No linea thal<strong>as</strong>sinica; both movable and fixed antennal thorns present; first<br />

pereopods strongly chelate and conspicuously hairy Axiidae (page 289)<br />

Linea thal<strong>as</strong>sinica present; fixed antennal thorn absent; first pereopods chelate or<br />

subchelate but not conspicuously hairy 37<br />

37. (36) First pereopods chelate; rostrum inconspicuous or absent<br />

.. Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae (page 293)<br />

First pereopods subchelate; rostrum well developed, dorsally flattened, spiny,<br />

and hairy<br />

Upogebiidae (page 309)<br />

38. (35) Form somewhat lobsterlike; rostrum extended, well developed; abdomen loosely<br />

flexed beneath posterior thorax; third maxilliped pediform 39<br />

Form crablike (Euceramus elongate) with abdomen completely folded under<br />

thorax; rostrum short and broad or wanting; third maxilliped flattened,<br />

operculiform Porcellanidae (page 410)<br />

39. (38) Antennal peduncle composed of four movable segments; telson subdivided into<br />

two or more plates, not folded sharply against itself, without lateral indentation ...<br />

Galatheidae (page 397)<br />

Antennal peduncle with five segments, third segment not being fused with<br />

second; telson never subdivided into two or more plates, folded sharply against<br />

itself, with lateral indentation Chirostylidae (page 393)<br />

40. (28) Mouth-frame (buccal cavity) triangular.... 41<br />

Mouth-frame (buccal cavity) more or less quadrate 46

---

Key to Families 7 5<br />

41. (40) Posterior thoracic sternites narrow, keel-like (b<strong>as</strong>es of 2nd-4th pereopods clc e<br />

together); l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods dorsal in position; female genital openings coxal<br />

(body elongate in dorsal view, subcylindrical; pereopods adapted for burrowing;<br />

orbits hidden ventrolaterally if present; linea homolica absent)<br />

Raninidae (page 455)<br />

Posterior thoracic sternites broad (b<strong>as</strong>es of walking legs far apart); l<strong>as</strong>t pair of<br />

pereopods normal in position, or l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs dorsal; female genital openings<br />

sternal (except in Cyclodorippidae) 42<br />

42. (41) Carapace subquadrilateral or subcircular, short, leaving the first 2 or 3 abdominal<br />

segments exposed; l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs of pereopods dorsal in position, ending in hooklike<br />

movable fingers 43<br />

Carapace of usual crablike shape 45<br />

43. (42) Third maxilliped leaving all anterior part of buccal cavity uncovered<br />

Dorippidae (page 461)<br />

Third maxilliped greatly elongate and not leaving any appreciable portion of<br />

buccal cavity uncovered 44<br />

44. (43) Third maxilliped with flagellum Cymonomidae (page 443)<br />

Third maxilliped without flagellum Cyclodorippidae (page 447)<br />

45. (42) Afferent opening to each gill chamber in front of b<strong>as</strong>e of cheliped<br />

Calappidae (page 465)<br />

Afferent opening to each gill chamber at b<strong>as</strong>e of outer (third) maxilliped<br />

Leucosiidae (page 479)<br />

46. (40) L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods abnormal, dorsal; female openings coxal; first abdominal<br />

limbs of female present; gills usually many 47<br />

L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods normal, rarely reduced, not dorsal, except in Palicus<br />

(Palicidae) and Retroplwna; female openings sternal; first abdominal limbs of<br />

female wanting; gills few 50<br />

47. (46) Sternum of female with longitudinal grooves; vestiges of sixth abdominal limbs<br />

usually present; eyes usually completely sheltered by orbits when retracted 48<br />

Sternum of female without longitudinal grooves; no vestiges of sixth abdominal<br />

limbs; eyes incompletely or not at all sheltered by orbits when withdrawn against<br />

body 49

---

76 Key to Families<br />

48. (47) Vestiges of sixth abdominal limbs present (except in Hypoconcha, where also no<br />

m<strong>as</strong>tigobranchs are present); carapace usually not longer than broad, with wellmarked<br />

side edge [m<strong>as</strong>tigobranchs on first pereopods (chelipeds) only or n<strong>one</strong>]...<br />

Dromiidae (page 437)<br />

No vestige of sixth abdominal limbs; carapace longer than broad, with ill-marked<br />

side edge; first three pereopods with m<strong>as</strong>tigobranchs, fourth and fifth small,<br />

subdorsal, and prehensile Homolodromiidae (page 443)<br />

49. (47) Body rectangular; b<strong>as</strong>al article of eyestalk not much longer than terminal article....<br />

Homolidae (page 451)<br />

Body pyriform; b<strong>as</strong>al article of eyestalk much longer than terminal article<br />

Latreilliidae (page 451)<br />

50. (46) Forepart of body narrow, usually forming distinct rostrum; body more or less<br />

triangular; orbits generally incomplete 51<br />

Forepart of body broad; rostrum usually reduced or wanting; body oval, round,<br />

or square; orbits nearly always well enclosed 52<br />

51. (50) Chelipeds not much <strong>large</strong>r than other pereopods; hooked hairs almost always<br />

present; second segment of antenna well developed, usually fused with epistome<br />

and front Majidae (page 493)<br />

Chelipeds very much <strong>large</strong>r than other pereopods; hooked hairs almost always N<br />

absent; second segment of antenna small, short, and not fused with epistome or<br />

front Parthenopidae (page 558)<br />

52. (50) Merus of third maxilliped small, bearing terminally carpus of nearly its own<br />

width; ischium very broad; body somewhat oblong; antennule not retractile into<br />

sockets; par<strong>as</strong>itic on corals Cryptochiridae (page 727)<br />

Carpus of third maxilliped articulate at or near antero-lateral angle of merus; body<br />

usually rounded or transversely oval; male openings nearly always coxal; right<br />

chela <strong>large</strong>r than left in many species 53<br />

Carpus of third maxilliped not articulating at or near inner angle of merus; body<br />

usually square or squarish; male openings sternal except in Retropluma, where<br />

duct p<strong>as</strong>ses along a sternal groove to coxopodite; right chela almost never <strong>large</strong>r<br />

than left (except Palicidae) ... 57<br />

53. (52) Pereopods more or less distinctly adapted for swimming; usually a small lobe on<br />

inner angle of endopod in first maxillipeds; first antenna fold slanting or<br />

transverse Portunidae (page 572)<br />

Pereopods not adapted for swimming, or if so modified, then male genital duct<br />

opening sternally or running in sternal groove; inner lobe on endopod in first<br />

maxillipeds wanting 54

---

Key to Families 77<br />

54. (53) Antennule folds lengthwise 55<br />

Antennule folds slanting or transversely 56<br />

55. (54) Carapace subcircular; antennal flagella either long and hairy or wanting<br />

Atelecyclidae (page 569)<br />

Carapace broadly oval or hexagonal; antennal flagella present, short, not hairy<br />

[The following three families are not sharply separated.]<br />

Cancridae (page 569)<br />

56. (54) Carapace usually transversely oval or transversely hexagonal (xanthoid); male<br />

openings coxal; male abdomen greatly narrowed in segments 4-7; tending to<br />

occur in shallow water Xanthidae (page 603)<br />

Carapace subquadrate to xanthoid; male openings coxal with genital duct lying in<br />

groove between sternites 7 and 8 or sternal; male abdomen somewhat more<br />

triangular than above; part of sternite 8 visible from above at level of second<br />

abdominal segment but variable in size (some species in above family share this<br />

character); tending to occur in deeper water near edge of continental shelf<br />

G<strong>one</strong>placidae (page 591)<br />

Carapace hexagonal to trapezoidal in shape, with anterolateral margins generally<br />

armed with three to five teeth, with front bearing four short teeth; orbits and eyes<br />

well developed; antennules transverse or transversely oblique; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal<br />

article movable and not reaching front of carapace; genital openings in male coxal;<br />

pereopods long and compressed Geryonidae (page 569)<br />

57. (52) Small, usually commensal crabs, with very small eyes and orbits; body usually<br />

more or less rounded Pinnotheridae (page 681)<br />

Free-living crabs, with eyes not especially reduced and usually square body.... 58<br />

58. (57) L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods dorsally placed and weaker than others; interantennular<br />

septum very thin; no distinct epistome; exopod of third maxilliped not hidden<br />

Palicidae (page 718)<br />

L<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods not dorsally placed or markedly weaker than others;<br />

interantennular septum not very thin 59<br />

59. (58) Gap of greater or less size between third maxillipeds; front very or moderately<br />

broad 60<br />

Third maxillipeds almost or quite close to mouth; front moderately or very narrow.<br />

Ocypodidae (page 707)<br />

60. (59) Sides of body either straight or very slightly arched; shape squarish; front broad..<br />

Grapsidae (page 665)<br />

Sides of body strongly arched; shape transversely oval; front narrow<br />

Gecarcinidae(page 661)

---

78 Key to Families

---

Families Aristeidae/Bcnthcsicymidae 79<br />

Keys to Species of Florida Decapods<br />

Suborder Dendrobranchiata<br />

Family Aristeidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970]<br />

Hepatic spine absent (epipod on fourth pereopod <strong>large</strong>; podobranch<br />

on third pereopod <strong>large</strong>; rostrum tridentate)<br />

Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus<br />

Hepatic spine present (podobranch on third pereopod and epipod on<br />

fourth pereopod well developed) Aristaeomorpha foliacea<br />

Family Benthesicymidae<br />

Genus Betheogennema Burkenroad, 1936<br />

[b<strong>as</strong>ed on Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970]<br />

Podobranchs present on first maxilliped through third pereopod;<br />

telson with more than single pair of movable lateral spinules but<br />

without posteriomedian point, B. intermedia

---

Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus<br />

Aristaeomorpha foliacea<br />

b. lateral view<br />

a. adult male lateral view<br />

c. malepet<strong>as</strong>ma<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />

3<br />

Bentheogennema intermedia<br />

female:<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. telson, dorsal view<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)

---

Families Aristeidae/Benthesicymidae 81

---

82 Family Penaeidae<br />

Family Penaeidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from P6rez Farfante, 1978]<br />

1. Rostrum toothed on dorsal margin, usually also on ventral margin; pleurobranch<br />

present on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite 2<br />

Rostrum toothed on dorsal margin only; no pleurobranch on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite... 3<br />

2. (1) Carapace hairy Funchalia villosa<br />

Carapace smooth Penaeus<br />

3. (1) Telson tridentate, with fixed spine on each side of tip; mesial border of first<br />

segment of antennular peduncle bearing spine (parapenaeid spine) 4<br />

Telson usually without fixed spines; no spine on mesial border of first segment of<br />

antennular peduncle 6<br />

4. (3) Carapace with longitudinal and transverse sutures Parapenaeus<br />

Carapace without longitudinal or transverse sutures .5<br />

5. (4) Male with symmetrical pet<strong>as</strong>ma; single arthrobranch on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite, no<br />

trace of second arthrobranch Penaeopsis serrata<br />

Male with <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical pe<strong>as</strong>ma; 2 arthrobranchs present on l<strong>as</strong>t thoracic somite,<br />

<strong>one</strong> of them well developed, other vestigial Metapenaeopsis<br />

6. (3) Dactyli of fourth and fifth pairs of pereopods elongate and subdivided.<br />

Xiphopenaeus kroyeri<br />

Dactyli of fourth and fifth pairs of pereopods of normal shape and undivided 7<br />

7. (6) Carapace without longitudinal sutures. Trachypeneopsis mobilispinis<br />

Carapace with longitudinal sutures (upper antennular flagella shorter than carapace<br />

and not much longer than lower flagella; fourth and fifth pairs of pereopods about<br />

<strong>as</strong> heavy <strong>as</strong> 3 anterior pairs; exopod of fifth pair of pereopods well developed)<br />

Trachypenaeus

---

Genus Metapenaeopsis Bouvier, 1905<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from P6rez Farfante, 1971]<br />

Family Penaeidae 83<br />

1. Thelycum with median plate bearing horseshoe-shaped marginal strip and coiled<br />

lateral strips; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distoventral projection cleft by deep sinus into 2 long,<br />

subequallobes M. smithi<br />

Thelycum with median plate lacking marginal and coiled strips; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with<br />

distoventral projection simple, forming <strong>one</strong> single lobe or cleft by shallow sinus<br />

into 2 short, subequal, or into 2 unequal lobes .. 2<br />

2. (1) Thelycum with anterior part of median plate convex, bearing 2 <strong>large</strong> pits; pet<strong>as</strong>ma<br />

with distoventral projection mittenlike in outline, <strong>large</strong> left lobe extending distally<br />

far beyond small right lobule M. gerardoi<br />

Thelycum with anterior part of median plate long, half or more <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> median<br />

plate; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distoventral projection cleft into 2 unequal lobes, right lobe<br />

noticeably <strong>large</strong>r than left M. goodei<br />

Genus Parapenaeus Smith, 1886<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Roberts and Pequegnat, 1970]<br />

Branchiostegal spine present behind anterior margin of carapace; rostral teeth<br />

usually seven; epig<strong>as</strong>tric tooth and hepatic spine not <strong>as</strong> far behind orbital margin <strong>as</strong><br />

in P. americanus P. politus<br />

Branchiostegal spine on anterior margin of carapace; rostral teeth usually six;<br />

epig<strong>as</strong>tric tooth and hepatic spine farther behind orbital margin than in P. politus ....<br />

.... P. americanus

---

84 Family Penaeldae<br />

Genus Penaeus Fabricius, 1798<br />

Key to species of adults and subadults<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Lateral rostral grooves reaching only slightly beyond posterior rostral tooth (nongrooved<br />

shrimps) P. setiferus<br />

Lateral rostral grooves reaching nearly to posterior margin of carapace (grooved<br />

shrimps) 2<br />

2. (1) Pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection long; distal fold expanded mesially forming<br />

<strong>large</strong> spined lobe; ventral costa with apex free; thelycum with anteromesial corners<br />

of lateral plates extended to cover posterior process of median protuberance<br />

P. br<strong>as</strong>iliensis<br />

Pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection relatively short; distal fold not forming lobe;<br />

ventral costa with apex attached to adjacent membraneous part; thelycum with<br />

anteromesial corners not extended, exposing posterior process of median<br />

protuberance 3<br />

3. (2) Pet<strong>as</strong>ma armed with minute spines on ventral costa along terminal part of free<br />

border; thelycum with anteromesial corners of lateral plates slightly divergent,<br />

posterior process of median protuberance with undivided median carina<br />

P. duorarum<br />

Pet<strong>as</strong>ma unarmed on ventral costa along terminal part of free border; thelycum with<br />

anteromesial corners of lateral plates widely divergent, posterior process of median<br />

carina bifurcate anteriorly ,. P. aztecus<br />

Key to species of juveniles between 17 and 47 mm total length<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Lateral rostral grooves reaching only slightly beyond posterior rostral tooth;<br />

rostrum long and slightly upturned at tip in individuals exceeding 22 mm total<br />

length; ground color light gray, sometimes with greenish c<strong>as</strong>t in shrimp taken from<br />

beds of vegetation; chromatophores (widely spaced except on spines, ridges, and<br />

uropods) colored slate-blue and brown; uropods with reddish-brown to brown<br />

are<strong>as</strong>distally .....P. setiferus<br />

Lateral rostral grooves reaching almost to posterior margin of carapace (shallow in<br />

17-mm individuals); rostrum relatively short; color gray to light brown, sometimes<br />

with greenish c<strong>as</strong>t in shrimp taken from beds of vegetation; chromatophores<br />

numerous and closely spaced, often in bands or patches 2<br />

2.(1) Rostrum with toothed dorsal margin straight; tip attenuate and straight<br />

P. br<strong>as</strong>iliensis<br />

Rostrum with toothed dorsal margin slightly arched over eye; tip short or attenuate<br />

and slightly upturned 3

---

Family Penaeidae 85<br />

3. (2) Rostrum usually not upturned at tip and not extremely attenuate; chromatophores<br />

slate-blue and brown; usually with conspicuously pigmented lateral spot at juncture<br />

of third and fourth abdominal somites; uropods with uniform sprinkling of<br />

chromatophores, degree of transparency uniform throughout (color more dense in<br />

older individuals) P. duorarum<br />

Rostrum usually slightly upturned and attenuate at tip; chromatophores brown and<br />

olive-green; usually lacking lateral spot at juncture of third and fourth abdominal<br />

somites; uropods with reddish-brown to brown are<strong>as</strong> distally P. aztecus<br />

Genus Trachypenaeus Alcock, 1901<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Thelycum pubescent, lips of transverse groove strongly biconvex; male with sternal<br />

elevation between coxae of fifth pereopods goblet-shaped, constricted posteriorly ...<br />

T. constrictus<br />

Thelycum naked, lips of transverse groove subhorizontal; male with sternal<br />

elevation between coxae of fifth pereopods triangular, sloping regularly to posterior<br />

apex T. similis

---

to<br />

s<br />

Metapenaeopsis gerardoi<br />

Metapenaeopsis smithi<br />

c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (allotype male)<br />

a. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (male)<br />

d. thelycum (holotype female)<br />

b. thelycum (female)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1971)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1971)<br />

Metapenaeopsis goodei<br />

e. lateral view (female)<br />

f. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (male)<br />

g. thelycum (female)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1971)

---

Family Penaeidae 87

---

00<br />

00<br />

Parapenaeus americanus<br />

Parapenaeus politus<br />

b. lateral view (female)<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1901)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

V<br />

Family Penacidae 89

---

V©<br />

»<br />

3<br />

Penaeus br<strong>as</strong>iliensis £<br />

'•a<br />

Penaeus setiferus<br />

a. lateral view (female)<br />

d. lateral view (male) 5<br />

b. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

e. thelycum (female) »<br />

c. thelycum (female)<br />

f. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />

Penaeus aztecus<br />

Penaeus duorarum<br />

j. lateral view (female)<br />

g. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />

k. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

h. thelycum (female)<br />

1. thelycum (female)<br />

i. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)

---

Family Penaeidae 91

---

Trachypenaeus simttis<br />

Trachypenaeus constrictus<br />

d. thelycum (female)<br />

a. lateral view (female)<br />

e. thoracic sternites between fourth pereopods<br />

and fifth pereopods (male)<br />

b. thoracic sternites between fourth pereopods<br />

and fifth pereopods<br />

(after Burkenroad, 1934)<br />

c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)

---

^<br />

Family Penaeidae 93

---

Penaeopsis serrata<br />

Funchalia vttlosa<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />

a. lateral view<br />

e. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, ventral view (male)<br />

b. thelycum (female)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1980b)<br />

c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Burukovskii, 1983)<br />

Xiphopenaeus kroyeri<br />

Trachypeneopsis mobilispinis<br />

i. lateral view (female)<br />

f. rostrum<br />

j. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, posterior view (male)<br />

g. telson<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

h. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1920)

---

Family Penaeidae 95

---

0\<br />

•53<br />

65<br />

1<br />

"0<br />

n<br />

3<br />

E<br />

65

---

Family Solenoceridae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Perez Farfante, 1977]<br />

Family Solenoceridae 97<br />

1. Upper and lower antennular flagella lamellate; exopod of uropod lacking distolateral<br />

spine Solenocera<br />

Upper antennular flagellum subcylindrical, lower subcylindrical or flattened;<br />

exopod of uropod armed with distolateral spine 2<br />

2. (1) Lower antennular flagellum conspicuously depressed, orbital spine present<br />

, Mesopenaeus tropicalis<br />

Lower antennular flagellum subcylindrical, occ<strong>as</strong>ionally depressed; if so, orbital<br />

spine lacking 3<br />

3. (2) Epig<strong>as</strong>tric and first rostral teeth separated from remaining teeth by long interval;<br />

suprahepatic spine absent ,.. Hymenopenaeus<br />

Epig<strong>as</strong>tric tooth separated from first rostral tooth by interval not conspicuously<br />

greater or smaller than that between first and second rostral teeth 4<br />

4. (3) Rostrum low, with ventral margin straight or concave; submarginal carina present...<br />

Pleoticus robustus<br />

Rostrum deep, with ventral margin pronouncedly convex; submarginal carina<br />

absent Hadropenaeus

---

Family Solenoceridae<br />

Genus Hadropenaeus Perez Farfante, 1977<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Perez Farfante, 1977]<br />

Scaphocerite reaching distal end of antennular peduncle or overreaching it by not<br />

more than 0.1 of its own length; prosartema extending only to distomesial extremity<br />

of first antennular segment; thelycum with median protuberance on sternite between<br />

fifth pereopods projecting ventrally, and tooth of median keel of sternite between<br />

fourth pereopods directed anteriorly; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection of<br />

ventromedian lobule directed mesially H. affinis<br />

Scaphocerite overreaching antennular peduncle by about 0.25 of its own length;<br />

prosartema conspicuously overreaching distomesial margin of first antennular<br />

segment; thelycum with median protuberance on sternite between fifth pereopods<br />

projecting anteriorly, and tooth of median keel of sternite between fourth pereopods<br />

directed ventrally or posteriorly; pet<strong>as</strong>ma with distomesial projection of<br />

ventromedian lobule directed distally H. modestus<br />

Genus Hymenopenaeus Smith, 1882<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Perez Farfante, 1977]<br />

Eye with cornea hemispherical and disposed such that imaginary line extending<br />

from mesial tubercle parallel to b<strong>as</strong>al margin of ocular peduncle intersects lateral<br />

border of latter far proximal to proximolateral extremity of comea...H. aphoticus<br />

Eye with cornea subreniform and disposed such that imaginary line extending from<br />

mesial tubercle parallel to b<strong>as</strong>al margin of ocular peduncle intersects posterolateral<br />

extremity of cornea H. debilis

---

Genus Solenocera Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Solenoceridae 99<br />

1. Rostral + epig<strong>as</strong>tric teeth 8-11; postrostral carina high and sharp, extending almost to<br />

posterior margin of carapace S. vioscai<br />

Rostral + epig<strong>as</strong>tric teeth 4-8; postrostral carina low or absent posterior to cervical<br />

sulcus 2<br />

2. (1) Anterior part of carapace glossy; scaphocerite exceeding distal end of antennular<br />

peduncle by 10% of its own length S. necopina<br />

Anterior part of carapace setose; scaphocerite never exceeding distal end of<br />

antennular peduncle by 10% of its own length, usually less S. atlantidis

---

Hadropenaeus modestus<br />

Hadropenaeus afflnis<br />

& anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. lateral view (female)<br />

e. thelycum, ventral view (holotype female)<br />

b. thelycum, ventral view (female)<br />

f. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, dorsal view of right half (male)<br />

c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, dorsal view of right half (male)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1977)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1977)

---

I 1<br />

Family Solenoceridae 101

---

o<br />

•=3<strong>as</strong><br />

3<br />

o<br />

Hymenopenaeus debilis<br />

Hymenopenaeus aphoticus<br />

male:<br />

female:<br />

c. lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

& eye<br />

b. eye<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1977)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1977)

---

Family Solenoceridae 103

---

o<br />

3<br />

Solenocera necopina<br />

Solenocera vioscai<br />

b. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />

a. carapace and rostrum, lateral view (<strong>large</strong>r<br />

paratype female)<br />

(after Perez Farfante and Bullis, 1973)<br />

(after Burkenroad, 1934)<br />

Solenocera atlantidis<br />

c. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />

(after Perez Farfante and Bullis, 1973)

---

*Q<br />

Family Solenoceridae 105

---

Pleoticus robustus<br />

Mesopenaeus tropicalis<br />

male:<br />

a. lateral view (female)<br />

b. lateral view<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1977)<br />

c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma, dorsolateral view of left half<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1977)

---

Family Solenoceridae 107

---

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•S3<br />

ts<br />

3<br />

V3

---

Family Sicyoniidae<br />

Genus Sicyonia H. Milne Edwards, 1830<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Sicyoniidae 109<br />

1. First pereopod with b<strong>as</strong>is and ischium armed with spine; abdominal somite 2 with<br />

dorsal carina notched at junction of transverse sulci 2<br />

First pereopod with b<strong>as</strong>is and ischium unarmed; abdominal somite 2 with dorsal<br />

carina unnotched., 3<br />

2. (1) Rostrum (excluding tip) with 2 dorsal teeth anterior to posterior orbital margin; V<br />

carina of carapace with 3 teeth, first tooth smallest S. laevigata<br />

Rostrum (excluding tip) with 3 dorsal teeth; carina of carapace with 3 evenly<br />

spaced, subequal teeth S. parti<br />

3. (1) Carapace with 3 <strong>large</strong> dorsal teeth behind hepatic spine S. brevirostris<br />

Carapace with 1 or 2 <strong>large</strong> dorsal teeth behind hepatic spine 4<br />

4. (3) Two teeth on dorsal carina behind hepatic spine ...S. typica<br />

One tooth on dorsal carina behind hepatic spine. 5<br />

5. (4) Pleura of abdominal somite 4 with both antero- and posteroventral margins spined<br />

or angular<br />

S. dorsalis<br />

Pleura of abdominal somite 4 with posteroventral margin rounded 6<br />

6. (5) Antennal spine long, acute, buttressed; pleura of abdominal somites 1-4 with ventral<br />

spines laterally recurved S. burkenroadi<br />

Antennal spine short, often minute, not buttressed; pleura of abdominal somite 1<br />

rounded, 2-4 angulate, but without laterally recurved marginal spines S. stimpsoni

---

©<br />

g"<br />

3<br />

Sicyonia parti ^<br />

Sicyonia laevigata<br />

b. carapace and abdomen, lateral view ©<br />

a. carapace and first two abdominal somites,<br />

lateral view<br />

(after Burkenroad, 1934) §*<br />

(after Burkenroad, 1934)<br />

Sicyonia typica<br />

Sicyonia brevirostris<br />

d. carapace and first abdominal somite, lateral<br />

view<br />

c. lateral view (male)<br />

(after Cobb etal., 1973)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Sicyoniidae 1 11

---

Sicyonia burkenroadi<br />

Sicyonia dorsalis<br />

b. lateral view (female)<br />

a. carapace and first abdominal somite, lateral<br />

view<br />

c. third and fourth abdominal somites (female)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(b, after Cobb, 1971; c, after Huff and Cobb, 1979)<br />

Sicyonia stimpsoni<br />

d. carapace and part of first abdominal somite,<br />

lateral view<br />

e. abdominal somites (male)<br />

(d, after Williams, 1984; e, after Huff and Cobb, 1979)

---

Family Sicyoniidae 113

---

£»<br />

3<br />

5

---

Family Sergestidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

Family Sergestidae 115<br />

1. Fourth and fifth pereopods absent Acetes americanus carolinae<br />

Fourth and fifth pereopods present. 2<br />

2. (1) Specialized luminescent modifications of g<strong>as</strong>trohepatic gland (organs of Pesta)<br />

present; dermal photophores absent; supraorbital and hepatic spines present or<br />

absent Sergestes<br />

Specialized luminescent modifications of g<strong>as</strong>trohepatic gland (organs of Pesta)<br />

absent; dermal photophores present or absent; if present, with or without cuticular<br />

lenses; supraorbital and hepatic spines absent Sergia

---

116 Family Sergestidae<br />

Genus Sergestes H. Milne Edwards, 1830<br />

Key to species<br />

[b<strong>as</strong>ed on Crosnier and Forest, 1973]<br />

1. Third maxillipeds at most <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> third pereopods 2<br />

Third maxillipeds much longer than third pereopods 4<br />

2. (1) Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on only <strong>one</strong> margin (third segment of<br />

antennular peduncle equal to or longer than first; pet<strong>as</strong>ma lobes short, stumpy)<br />

S. atlanticus<br />

Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on both margins 3<br />

3. (2) Supraorbital spines always present, acute and e<strong>as</strong>ily visible S. henseni<br />

Supraorbital spines nearly always absent or, when present, miniscule.<br />

S. par<strong>as</strong>eminudus<br />

4. (1) Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on both margins 5<br />

Two distal segments of fifth pereopod setose on only <strong>one</strong> margin 6<br />

5. (4) Dactylus and distal half of propodus of third maxilliped with numerous spines<br />

forming comb-like structure; processus ventralis of pet<strong>as</strong>ma unarmed',<br />

.5. pectinatus<br />

Dactylus and distal half of propodus of third maxilliped armed with spines but not<br />

forming comb-like structure; processus ventralis of pet<strong>as</strong>ma armed distally with<br />

numerous spines S. sarg<strong>as</strong>si<br />

6. (4) Dactylus of third maxilliped subdivided into 6 segments and with 2 terminal spines;<br />

external margin of exopod of uropod entirely fringed S. edwardsii<br />

Dactylus of third maxilliped subdivided into 4 segments and with single terminal<br />

spine; small proximal portion of external margin of exopod of uropod naked 7<br />

7. (6) About 1/3 or a little more of external margin of exopod of uropod naked; first<br />

segment of antennular peduncle much shorter than third S. armatus<br />

About 1/6 or 1/7 of external margin of exopod of uropod naked; first segment of<br />

antennular peduncle a little longer than third 5. vigilax

---

Genus Sergia Stimpson, 1860<br />

Key to species<br />

| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Crosnier and Forest, 19731<br />

Family Sergestidae 117<br />

Third maxillipeds with propodus and dactylus entire S. splendens<br />

Third maxillipeds with propodus and dacty lus subdivided, l<strong>as</strong>t into 5 to 7 segments.<br />

S. extenuatus

---

oo<br />

Sergestes henseni g<br />

Sergestes atlanticus<br />

d. rostral region **<br />

CO<br />

e. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male) °g<br />

VI<br />

«-•<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973) &<br />

a. carapace, lateral view<br />

b. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

c. fifth pereopod (male)<br />

(a, b, after Kensley, 1971; c, after Hansen, 1922)<br />

Sergestes pectinatus<br />

Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudus<br />

h. carapace, lateral view<br />

f. rostral region<br />

i. dactylus and distal end of propodus of third<br />

maxilliped<br />

g. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />

j. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Kensley, 1971)

---

Family Sergestidae 119

---

fcv><br />

Sergestes edwardsii g<br />

Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view ^<br />

n<br />

a. carapace, lateral view<br />

e. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male) °g<br />

b. dactylus and distal end of propodus of third<br />

maxilliped<br />

f. third maxilhped »<br />

c. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />

(after Kensley, 1971)<br />

Sergestes vigilax<br />

Sergestes armatus<br />

j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

k. uropodal exopod<br />

h. uropodal exopod<br />

(after Hansen, 1922)<br />

i. third maxilliped<br />

(after Hansen, 1922)

---

Family Sergestidae 121

---

Sergia extenuatus<br />

Sergia splendens<br />

c. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

d. pet<strong>as</strong>ma (male)<br />

b. dactylus and propodus of third maxilliped<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />

(after Hansen, 1922, <strong>as</strong> Sergestes cr<strong>as</strong>sus)<br />

Acetes americanus carolinae<br />

e. lateral view (female)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Sergestidae 123

---

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-i<br />

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---

Family Luciferidae<br />

Genus Lucifer Thompson, 1829<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Hansen, 1919]<br />

Family Luciferidae 125<br />

Distance between labrum and insertion of eye-stalks somewhat or only a little<br />

greater than length of eye-stalks with eyes (b<strong>as</strong>al short joint of stalks included);<br />

posterior ventral process on sixth abdominal somite in male with its distal part<br />

swollen L. typus<br />

Distance between labrum and insertion of eye-stalks almost or more than twice<br />

length of eye-stalks with eyes; posterior ventral process on sixth abdominal somite<br />

tapering to narrow, obtuse end : L. faxoni

---

Lucifer faxoni<br />

Lucifer typus<br />

c. lateral view (male)<br />

a, anterior end, lateral view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

b. male sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />

(after Bowman and McCain, 1967)

---

Family Lucifcridae 126il

---

Suborder Pleocyemata<br />

Infraorder Caridea<br />

Family Atyidae<br />

Genus Potimirim Holthuis, 1954<br />

Family Atyidae 127<br />

Pereopods without exopods; orbital margin unarmed P. potimirim

---

00<br />

1<br />

5-'<br />

p<br />

Potimirim potimirim<br />

a. lateral view<br />

(from Abele's personal drawing)

---

Family Atyidae 129

---

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•53-<br />

85,<br />

^r<br />

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«-*<br />

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---

Family Oplophoridae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| Adapted from Chace, 1940a]<br />

Family Oplophoridae 131<br />

1. Exopods of at le<strong>as</strong>t third maxillipeds and first pair of pereopods foliaceous and<br />

often rigid; outer margin of scaphocerite usually armed with series of spines; telson<br />

not truncate at tip, but ending in sharp point; eyes <strong>large</strong> and well pigmented........ 2<br />

N<strong>one</strong> of exopods of pereopods foliaceous or rigid... 3<br />

2. (1) Abdomen with second somite armed with long, carinate posteromesial spines; fifth<br />

somite unarmed Janicella spinicauda<br />

Abdomen with second somite unarmed; fifth somite with posteromesial tooth,<br />

sometimes small Oplophorus<br />

3. (1) L<strong>as</strong>t four abdominal somites, at le<strong>as</strong>t, dorsally carinate (usually no straight ridge or<br />

carina running entire length of lateral surface of carapace along median lateral line;<br />

hind margin of hepatic furrow not usually cut off abruptly by oblique ridge or<br />

carina; incisor process of mandible toothed for entire length of cutting edge)<br />

Acanthephyra purpurea<br />

Sixth abdominal somite not dorsally carinate (eyes very <strong>large</strong> and well pigmented;<br />

anterior margin of first abdominal somite armed with distinct lobe or tooth<br />

overlapping hind margin of carapace; telson terminating in sharp-pointed end-piece<br />

laterally armed with spines) Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis<br />

Genus Oplophorus H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />

Key to species<br />

End of scaphocerite barbed on inner margin; posterolateral angle of carapace with<br />

no tooth or spine O. spin osus<br />

No barb on end of scaphocerite; posterolateral angle of carapace with prominent<br />

spine O. gracilirostris

---

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o<br />

T3<br />

cr<br />

o<br />

2.<br />

a<br />

<strong>as</strong><br />

Oplophorus spinosus Oplophorus gracilirostris<br />

a. lateral view (male) b. lateral view<br />

(after Chace, 1940a) (after Kensley, 1972)

---

Family Oplophoridae 133

---

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Janicella spinicauda 0<br />

Acanthephyra purpurea<br />

©<br />

sr<br />

o<br />

-t<br />

a.<br />

b. lateral view (young male)<br />

a. lateral view (male)<br />

(after Chace, 1940a)<br />

(after Chace, 1940a)<br />

Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis<br />

c. lateral view (male)<br />

(after Chace, 1940a)

---

Family Oplophoridae 135

---

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---

Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae<br />

Genus Leptochela Stimpson, 1860<br />

Key to species<br />

I Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae 137<br />

1. Sixth abdominal somite bearing movable lappet near anterior end of dorsal surface;<br />

third pereopod with exopod reaching nearly or quite to end of ischium<br />

L. carinata<br />

Sixth abdominal somite lacking dorsal lappet; third pereopod with exopod not<br />

nearly reaching distal end of ischium 2<br />

2. (1) Suborbital angle dentate; orbital margin serrate dorsolaterally L. serratorbita<br />

Suborbital angle rounded, unarmed; orbital margin usually entire dorsolaterally.... 3<br />

3. (2) Fifth abdominal somite with 1-3 low prominences on dorsal margin... L. papulata<br />

Fifth abdominal somite regularly convex or nearly straight in lateral view<br />

L. bermudensis

---

Leptochela serratorbita<br />

Leptochela carinata<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

a. left third pereopod (male)<br />

d. right third pereopod<br />

b. anterior region, lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />

e. anterior region, lateral view<br />

c. abdomen (ovigerous female)<br />

f. anterior part of carapace and eyes, dorsal<br />

view<br />

(after Chace, 1976)<br />

(after Chace, 1976)<br />

Leptochela bermudensis<br />

Leptochela papulata<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

g. anterior region, lateral view (holotype<br />

ovigerous female)<br />

j. anterior region, lateral view<br />

h. abdomen (holotype ovigerous female)<br />

k. abdomen<br />

1. posterior end of sixth abdominal somite<br />

i. fifth abdominal somite, lateral view (paratype<br />

ovigerous female)<br />

(after Chace, 1976)<br />

(after Chace, 1976)

---

Family P<strong>as</strong>iphaeidae 139<br />

s

---

4^.<br />

O<br />

•5"<br />

sr

---

Family Brcsiliidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| Adapted from Chace and Brown, 19781<br />

Family Bresiliidae 141<br />

Rostrum armed ventrally with at le<strong>as</strong>t 1 small tooth; third maxilliped with terminal<br />

segment slender, not flattened; first pereopod no longer than second, with elongate<br />

fingers Pseudocheles chacei<br />

Rostrum unarmed ventrally; third maxilliped with terminal segment broad, flattened;<br />

first pereopod longer than second, fingers short and stout Disci<strong>as</strong><br />

Genus Disci<strong>as</strong> Rathbun, 1902<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Wilson and Gore, 1979]<br />

Second abdominal somite with posterior dorsal spine D. serratirostris<br />

Abdominal somites without dorsal spines (rostrum narrow with subparallel<br />

margins) D. atlanticus

---

3<br />

Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanticus<br />

Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostris<br />

female:<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

c. lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

d. anterior carapace, dorsal view<br />

b. first three abdominal somites, lateral view<br />

(after Gore and Wilson, 1978)<br />

(after Wilson and Gore, 1979)<br />

Pseudocheles chacei<br />

e. lateral view<br />

(after Kensley, 1983)

---

Family Bresiliidae 143

---

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4^<br />

f

---

Families Eugonatonotidae/Rhynchocinetidae 145<br />

Family Eugonatonotidac<br />

Genus Eugonatonotus Schmitt, 1926<br />

A well-developed toothed rostrum immovable; exopods present on pereopods (first<br />

two pairs of pereopods chelate, with dark fingertips; ultimate segment of second<br />

maxilliped applied <strong>as</strong> strip along side of penultimate segment; exopod of first<br />

maxilliped with distinct flagellum; first chela more robust than second; carpus of<br />

second chela entire) ... Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus<br />

Family Rhynchocinetidae<br />

Genus Rhynchocinetes H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />

Rostrum movable; no exopods on pereopods (first two pairs of pereopods chelate,<br />

with dark fingertips; ultimate segment of second maxilliped applied <strong>as</strong> strip along<br />

side of penultimate segment; exopod of first maxilliped with distinct flagellum; first<br />

chela more robust than second; carpus of second chela entire)<br />

Rhynchocinetes rigens

---

-fet<br />

<strong>as</strong><br />

*n<br />

Rhynchocinetes rigens<br />

Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus<br />

H<br />

c<br />

ara<br />

o<br />

s<br />

w<br />

b. lateral view<br />

a. lateral view<br />

©<br />

s<br />

o<br />

a<br />

»<br />

(after Gordon, 1936)<br />

(after Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927)<br />

A<br />

SO<br />

3rs<br />

s*<br />

c<br />

Rhynchocinetes rigens<br />

c. rostrum (juvenile 2.5 mm)<br />

& same (ovigerous female, carapace<br />

length, excluding rostrum, 3.9 mm)<br />

e. same (juvenile, carapace length,<br />

excluding rostrum, 3.4 mm)<br />

f. same (male, carapace length, excluding<br />

rostrum, 6.8 mm)<br />

(after Manning, 1961a)

---

Families Eugonatonotidae/Rhynchocinetidae 147

---

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ore<br />

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---

Family Gnathophyllidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Family Gnathophyllidae 149<br />

Anterolateral angle of carapace not reaching beyond level of antennal spine; spines<br />

on distal margin of telson not very unequal; third maxilliped with exopod<br />

considerably overreaching endopod; second pereopod with carpus broader than<br />

long; 3 posterior pereopods with dactyli nearly <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long, not bifid<br />

Gnathophylloides mineri<br />

Anterolateral angle of carapace reaching distinctly beyond level of antennal spine;<br />

intermediate spines on distal margin of telson nearly twice, or more than twice, <strong>as</strong><br />

long <strong>as</strong> median pair; third maxilliped with exopod not overreaching endopod;<br />

second pereopod with carpus distinctly longer than broad; 3 posterior pereopods<br />

with dactyli distinctly longer than broad and bifid Gnathophyllum<br />

Genus Gnathophyllum Latreille, 1819<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Posterior tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on rostrum anterior to level of orbital<br />

margin; color pattern composed of transverse stripes G. americanum<br />

Posterior tooth of rostral series situated on carapace posterior to level of orbital<br />

margin; color pattern composed of spots 2<br />

2. (1) Pereopods slender, propodus of third and fourth pairs 12-15 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide;<br />

color pattern composed of dark rings on slightly lighter background .G. circellum<br />

Pereopods not usually slender, propodus of third and fourth pairs 7-8 times <strong>as</strong> long<br />

<strong>as</strong> wide; color pattern composed of innumerable light dots on dark background<br />

(posterior pair of lateral telson spines separated by distinct gap from series of<br />

posterior spines; stylocerite falling short of level of articulation between first and<br />

second segments of antennular peduncle) G. modestum

---

Gnathophyllum circellum<br />

Gnathophyllum americanum<br />

c. outline of body, lateral view<br />

a. lateral view<br />

d. third pereopod<br />

b. rostrum<br />

(after Manning, 1963)<br />

(after Manning, 1963)<br />

Gnathophylloides mineri<br />

Gnathophyllum modestum<br />

h. carapace, lateral view<br />

e. anterior portion of carapace, lateral view<br />

i. telson and left uropods<br />

f. third pereopod<br />

j. third maxilliped<br />

g. telson and left uropods<br />

k. first pereopod<br />

(after Manning, 1963)<br />

1. major chela<br />

(after Schmitt, 1935a)

---

urniily (inathophyllidae 151

---

152 Family Palaemonidae<br />

Family Palaemonidae<br />

Key to genera<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Third maxilliped with well-developed exopod. 2<br />

Third maxilliped without exopod . 12<br />

2. (1) Rostrum armed dorsally with series of prominent teeth 3<br />

Rostrum usually unarmed dorsally, at most with 1 or 2" subapical denticles .10<br />

3. (2) Carapace with hepatic spine on lateral surface far posterior to anterior margin 4<br />

Carapace without hepatic spine 7<br />

4. (3) Telson bearing 2 pairs of terminal spines and usually 1 or 2 pairs of setae. 5<br />

Telson bearing 3 pairs of terminal spines. 6<br />

5. (4) Three posterior pereopods with biunguiculate dactyli.<br />

Brachycarpus biunguiculatus<br />

Three posterior pereopods with dactyli simple, without accessory tooth on inferior<br />

margin Macrobrachium<br />

6. (4) Rostrum without lateral flange; carapace with antennal spine on anterior margin; 3<br />

posterior pereopods 7-segmented, ischium and merus distinct Periclimenes<br />

Rostrum with lateral flange; carapace without antennal spine on anterior margin; 3<br />

posterior pereopods 6-segmented, ischium and merus indistiriguishably fused.......<br />

Tuleariocaris neglecta<br />

7. (3) Carapace with antennal but without branchiostegal spine on or near anterior margin;<br />

telson with 3 pairs of terminal spines; second pereopods m<strong>as</strong>sive, unequal<br />

Periclimenaeus<br />

Carapace with both antennal and branchiostegal spines on or near anterior margin;<br />

telson with 2 pairs of terminal spines and 1 or 2 pairs of setae; second pereopods<br />

elongate, subequal....... 8<br />

8. (7) Carapace without branchiostegal groove ventral to antennal spine; endopod of first<br />

pleopodof male with accessory appendix — .Leander<br />

Carapace with branchiostegal groove; endopod of first pleopod of male entire,<br />

without accessory appendix 9<br />

9. (8) Mandible with palp.......... Palaemon<br />

Mandible without palp Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes

---

Family Palaemonidae 153<br />

10. (2) Scaphocerite rudimentary. Typ ?n<br />

Scaphocerite well developed 11<br />

11. (10) Telson elongate with no dorsal spines; outer margin of uropodal exopod ending in<br />

two spines, inner spine movable , Pontoniopsis paulae<br />

Telson rather broad, generally with <strong>large</strong> dorsal spines; <strong>one</strong> tooth at distal end of<br />

outer margin of uropodal exopod Pontonia<br />

12. (1) Rostrum not expanded laterally in b<strong>as</strong>al portion; strongly dentate both dorsally and<br />

ventrally .. Anchistioides antiguensis<br />

Rostrum with eavelike expansions over orbits; unarmed ventrally 13<br />

13. (12) Second maxilliped with well-developed exopod. Veleroniopsis kimallynae<br />

Second maxilliped without exopod 14<br />

14. (13) Carapace with hepatic spine on lateral surface far posterior to anterior margin<br />

Lipkebe holthuisi<br />

Carapace without hepatic spine 15<br />

15. (14) B<strong>as</strong>al expansions of rostrum anteriorly acuminate; carapace with longitudinal<br />

groove extending almost entire length near lateral margin; abdomen with pleura of at<br />

le<strong>as</strong>t fourth and fifth somites posterolaterally acuminate<br />

Pseudocoutierea antillensis<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al expansions of rostrum evenly convex, not acuminate; carapace without<br />

longitudinal groove near lateral margin; abdomen with pleura of all 5 anterior<br />

somites rounded Neopontonides beaufortensis

---

154 Family Palaemonidae<br />

Genus Leander E. Desmarest, 1849<br />

Key to species<br />

Lateral extension of anterior margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment convex; stylocerite<br />

short, barely reaching to middle of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment; scaphocerite slender<br />

in both sexes; rostrum shallow in both sexes; fingers of second pereopod armed....<br />

L. paulensis<br />

Lateral extension of anterior margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment concave or<br />

straight; stylocerite may reach to distal third of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment;<br />

scaphocerite slender in male, but broader and tapering less rapidly to apex in<br />

female; rostrum shallow in mature male, but very deep in mature female; fingers of<br />

second pereopod unarmed L. tenuicornis<br />

Genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1888<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Carpi of second pereopods with maximum length <strong>as</strong> great or greater than meri 2<br />

Carpi of second pereopods distinctly shorter than meri 4<br />

2. (1) Palms of chelae on second pair of pereopods greatly swollen; prehensile surfaces of<br />

noticeably gaping fingers thickly set with long, stiff setae M. olfersii<br />

Palms of chelae on second pair of pereopods cylindrical, not greatly swollen;<br />

fingers not noticeably gaping but may be hairy .• 3<br />

3. (2) Fingers of chelae on second pair of pereopods thickly pubescent throughout length;<br />

rostrum with teeth extending to tip M. acanthurus<br />

Fingers of chelae on second pair of pereopods with scattered hairs, except thicker<br />

on fingers along cutting edges; rostrum with toothless daggerlike tip... M. ohi<strong>one</strong><br />

4. (1) Adult male with chelae of second pereopods equal in shape M. carcinus<br />

Adult male with chelae of second pereopods very unequal in shape and size; smaller<br />

pereopods with fingers gaping, gap being filled by stiff hairs, implanted on cutting<br />

edges M. crenulatum

---

Genus Palaemon Weber, 1795<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Holthuis, 1952]<br />

Family Palaemonldae 155<br />

Rostrum high, ventral margin with 3 or 4 teeth; fingers of second pereopods 2/3<br />

length of palm or shorter.. P. northropi<br />

Rostrum slender, ventral margin with 5 to 7 teeth; fingers of second pereopods<br />

more than 2/3 length of palm P. floridanus<br />

Genus Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes Heller, 1869<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Holthuis, 1952, and Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Fused part of two rami of upper antennular flagellum distinctly longer than free part<br />

(branchiostegal spine situated on anterior margin of carapace, just below<br />

branchiostegal groove; posterior pair of dosal spines of telson placed midway<br />

between anterior pair and posterior margin of telson) P. paludosus<br />

Fused part of two rami of upper antennular flagellum shorter than or <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> free<br />

part 2<br />

2. (1) Rostrum with 2 teeth of dorsal series behind posterior margin of orbit, teeth<br />

reaching to tip, 3 to 5 ventral teeth; carpus of second pereopod in adult female<br />

shorter than palm, in male slightly longer (1.1 times) or shorter; dactylus of second<br />

pereopod with 2 teeth, immovable finger with 1 tooth on cutting edge P. vulgaris<br />

Rostrum with only 1 tooth of dorsal series behind posterior margin of orbit; carpus<br />

of second pereopod in adult female much longer than palm (1.3-1.5 times), in male<br />

almost <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> whole chela; dactylus of second pereopod with or without single<br />

tooth, fixed finger without tooth on cutting edge 3<br />

3. (2) Rostrum with dorsal teeth reaching to often bifurcate tip, 4 or 5, seldom 3, ventral<br />

teeth; dactylus of second pereopod with tiny and sometimes blunt tooth<br />

P. intermedins<br />

Both margins of rostrum with unarmed stretch before dagger-shaped tip, 2 to 5,<br />

generally 3, ventral teeth; fingers of second pereopod without teeth on cutting edge .<br />

'...'.P. pugio

---

Family Palaemonidae<br />

Genus Periclimenaeus Borradaile 1915<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Telson with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising from anterior fourth of segment.. 2<br />

Telson with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising at end of anterior third of segment<br />

or posterior thereto 8<br />

2. (1) Movable finger of major chela of second pereopod extending distinctly beyond tip<br />

of immovable finger P. chacei<br />

Movable finger of major chela of second pereopod extending very slightly beyond<br />

or reaching to tip of immovable finger 3<br />

3. (2) Telson with 3 pairs of distal spines inserted in continuous line 4<br />

Telson with lateral pair of distal spines inserted distinctly anterior to intermediate<br />

and mesial pairs 6<br />

4. (3) Rostrum with ventral tooth; carapace with small denticle or sharp tubercle posterior<br />

to orbit; scaphocerite with anterolateral tooth distinctly overreaching blade<br />

P. caraibicus<br />

Rostrum unarmed ventrally; carapace without postorbital denticle; scaphocerite with<br />

anterolateral tooth not overreaching blade ..5<br />

5. (4) Third maxilliped with 2 distal segments broad, penultimate about two and <strong>one</strong>-half<br />

times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; first pereopod with movable finger tapering to tip, not<br />

strongly convex, carpus about <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong>-third times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela; minor<br />

second pereopod with movable finger elongate, not semicircular ...P. <strong>as</strong>cidiarum<br />

Third maxilliped with 2 distal segments unusually slender, penultimate about five<br />

times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; first pereopod with movable finger strongly convex, carpus<br />

about <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong> half times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela; minor second pereopod with movable<br />

finger short and broad, nearly semicircular P. pearsei<br />

6. (3) Major second pereopod with <strong>large</strong> tooth on opposable margin of immovable finger<br />

fitting into cavity in movable finger; minor second pereopod with fingers longer<br />

thanpalm P. bermudensis<br />

Major second pereopod with <strong>large</strong> tooth on opposable margin of movable finger<br />

fitting into cavity in immovable finger; minor second pereopod with fingers much<br />

shorter than palm 7<br />

7. (6) First pereopod unusually long and slender, carpus nearly twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela<br />

..P. perlatus<br />

First pereopod not abnormally long or slender, carpus less than <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong>-half<br />

times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela (rostrum with 10-12 dorsal teeth; telson with posterior pair of<br />

dorsal spines arising from posteror half of segment) P. wilsoni

---

Family Palaemonidae 157<br />

8. (1) Scaphocerite without anterolateral tooth; third pereopod with dactylus bifid •.<br />

P. schmitti<br />

Scaphocerite with anterolateral tooth; third pereopod without distinct accessory<br />

tooth on inferior margin of dactylus 9<br />

9. (8) Rostrum with 4 dorsal teeth; scaphocerite with <strong>large</strong> anterolateral tooth reaching<br />

about to level of distal margin of blade P. atlanticus<br />

Rostrum with 1 or 2 dorsal teeth; scaphocerite with small anterolateral tooth falling<br />

far short of level of distal margin of blade P. maxillulidens

---

158 Family Palaemonidae<br />

Genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Antennular peduncle with only 1 spine at distolateral angle of b<strong>as</strong>al segment (in<br />

addition to stylocerite) 2<br />

Antennular peduncle with 2 or more spines at distolateral angle of b<strong>as</strong>al segment (in<br />

addition to stylocerite) 9<br />

2. (1) Carapace with anterior margin unarmed (antennal spine absent; third pereopod with<br />

distinctly biunguiculate dactylus) P. longicaudatus<br />

Carapace armed with antennal spine below suborbital lobe 3<br />

3. (2) Fifth abdominal pleuron with posteroventral angle pointed; telson with anterior pair<br />

of dorsal spines arising about <strong>one</strong>-third of length from b<strong>as</strong>e of segment;<br />

scaphocerite with distal spine overreaching distal margin of blade . P. americanus<br />

Fifth abdominal pleuron with posteroventral angle rounded; telson with anterior pair<br />

of dorsal spines arising at, or posterior to, midlength of segment; scaphocerite with<br />

distal spine rarely reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal margin of blade, usually falling far short.<br />

4<br />

4. (3) Third abdominal somite strongly produced posteromesially into laterally<br />

compressed hump 5<br />

Third abdominal somite sometimes moderately produced posteromesially but never<br />

forming laterally compressed hump 6<br />

5. (4) Third pereopod with dactylus simple and considerably more than <strong>one</strong>-third <strong>as</strong> long<br />

<strong>as</strong>propodus P. magnus<br />

Third pereopod with dactylus distinctly biunguiculate and not more than <strong>one</strong>-fourth<br />

<strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> propodus (carapace with hepatic spine usually arising at, or posterior to,<br />

level of posterior tooth of rostral series; carpus of major second pereopod usually<br />

more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela) P. pedersoni<br />

6. (4) Rostrum elongate, more than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> maximum height, <strong>one</strong> or more of<br />

ventral teeth prominent (first pereopod with carpus not noticeably longer than chela;<br />

sixth abdominal somite less than twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> fifth and shorter than telson;<br />

scaphocerite with blade far overreaching distal spine; second pereopod with fingers<br />

slightly more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm, carpus about <strong>one</strong>-fifth <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> chela)<br />

P. pandionis<br />

Rostrum subtriangular in lateral view, less than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> maximum<br />

height, ventral teeth inconspicuous or absent 7

---

Family Palaemonidae 159<br />

7. (6) Telson with dorsal spines rather <strong>large</strong> and distinct; major second pereopod witl<br />

fingers no more than <strong>one</strong>-fourth <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm P. harringioni<br />

Telson with dorsal spines minute and inconspicuous; major second pereopod with<br />

fingers more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm 8<br />

8. (7) Sixth abdominal somite about twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> fifth and longer than telson; telson<br />

with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising at about midlength of segment; major<br />

second pereopod with movable finger not perceptibly stouter than immovable finger<br />

P. iridescens<br />

Sixth abdominal somite slightly more than half again <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> fifth and shorter<br />

than telson; telson with anterior pair of dorsal spines arising at le<strong>as</strong>t two-thirds of<br />

length from b<strong>as</strong>e of segment; major second pereopod with movable finger usually<br />

stout, nearly twice <strong>as</strong> high <strong>as</strong> immovable finger P. rathbunae<br />

9. (1) Posterior tooth of rostral series far removed from second tooth and from posterior<br />

margin of orbit; third pereopod with dactyl us deeply biunguiculate P. yucatanicus<br />

Posterior tooth of rostral series not widely separated from second tooth, situated<br />

slightly posterior or anterior to level of orbital margin; third pereopod with dactylus<br />

simple or very obscurely biunguiculate (scaphocerite less than twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong><br />

broad; major second pereopod with fingers less than <strong>one</strong>-fourth <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm)....<br />

..P. perryae

---

160 Family Palaemonidae<br />

Genus Pontonia Latreille, 1829<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Carapace pubescent, cervical groove well marked; major second pereopod with<br />

<strong>large</strong> rounded tooth on movable finger fitting into completely enclosed socket in<br />

immovable finger P. unidens<br />

Carapace not pubescent, without cervical groove; en<strong>large</strong>d tooth on movable finger<br />

of major second pereopod, if present, triangular and fitting into shallow, partially<br />

open socket in immovable finger , 2<br />

2. (1) Telson with dorsal spines minute, inconspicuous P. domestica<br />

Tel son with dorsal spines well developed (three posterior pereopods with dactyli<br />

stout, inferior margin convex) P. margarita

---

Genus Typton Costa, 1844<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Family Palaemonidae 161<br />

1. Telson with posterior pair of dorsal spines arising anterior to midpoint of segment;<br />

exopod of uropod with outer margin serrate in distal portion ......... T. prionurus<br />

Telson with posterior pair of dorsal spines arising at, or posterior to, midpoint of<br />

segment; exopod of uropod with outer margin entire, not serrate distally 2<br />

2. (1) Antennal spine broad, toothlike in lateral view, not spiniform; both second<br />

pereopods with movable fingers highly arched, nearly semicircular; major second<br />

pereopod with carpus crenulate on proximal portion of angulate margin T. tortugae<br />

Antennal spine strong, spiniform; second pereopods with movable fingers only<br />

moderately convex, not nearly semicircular; major second pereopod with carpus not<br />

crenulate on angulate margin 3<br />

3. (2) Anterior margin of carapace produced anteriorly to level of tip of antennal spine;<br />

exopod of uropod with outer margin rather regularly convex throughout 4<br />

Anterior margin of carapace less produced, not nearly reaching level of tip of<br />

antennal spine; exopod of uropod with outer margin nearly straight in distal half.. 5<br />

4. (3) Rostrum deepest near midlength, ventral margin forming obtuse angle in lateral<br />

view; mandible with well-developed incisor process; third pereopod with dactylus<br />

bearing small accessory tooth on inferior margin, not clearly symmetrically bifid ....<br />

T. carneus<br />

Rostrum not deepening near midlength, ventral margin straight or convex; mandible<br />

without incisor process; third pereopod with datylus bearing <strong>large</strong> accessory tooth<br />

on inferior margin, nearly symmetrically bifid T. gnathophylloides<br />

5. (3) Mandible with incisor process well developed and distally crenulate, molar process<br />

tapering distally; major second pereopod with movable finger bluntly hammershaped,<br />

not noticeably twisted T. vulcan us<br />

Mandible with incisor process reduced to low angulate unarmed lobe, molar<br />

process not tapering distally; major second pereopod with movable finger forming<br />

pointed hook twisted into plane nearly perpendicular to that of palm<br />

T. distin ctus

---

Leander tenuicornis<br />

Leander paulensis<br />

e. rostrum and anterior portion of carapace<br />

(adult female)<br />

mature female:<br />

a. rostrum and anterior portion of carapace<br />

f. second pereopod<br />

b. second pereopod<br />

g. scaphocerite (adult female)<br />

c. scaphocerite<br />

h. antennular peduncle (adult female)<br />

& antennular peduncle<br />

(e, g, h, after Manning, 1961b; f, after Holthuis,<br />

1952)<br />

(after Manning, 1961b)

---

Family Palaemonidae 163

---

4*<br />

•53"<br />

3<br />

Macrobrachiumacanthurus<br />

Macrobrachium olfersu<br />

b. lateral view sr<br />

(6<br />

3<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952) |<br />

a. lateral view<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />

Macrobrachium carcinus<br />

Macrobrachium ohi<strong>one</strong><br />

& lateral view<br />

c. lateral view<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)

---

Family Palaemonidae 165

---

J<br />

-Os<br />

<strong>as</strong><br />

••S3<br />

85<br />

3<br />

ST<br />

»<br />

3<br />

o<br />

a<br />

Macrobrachium crenulatum<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

b. major second pereopod (adult male)<br />

c. minor second pereopod (adult male)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)

---

Family Palaemonidae 167

---

•00<br />

B<br />

Palaemon ftoridanus<br />

Palaemon northropi<br />

c. lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />

b. second pereopod<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)

---

Family Palaemonidae 169

---

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes vulgaris<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes paludosus<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. second pereopod (female)<br />

b. antennule<br />

f. second pereopod (male)<br />

c. telson<br />

g. fingers of second pereopod (female)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes pugio<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermedins<br />

j. anterior region, lateral view<br />

h. anterior region, lateral view<br />

k. fingers of second pereopod (female)<br />

i. fingers of second pereopod (female)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1952)

---

Family Palaemonidae 17.1<br />

i ^

---

Periclimenaeus caraibicus<br />

Periclimenaeus chacei<br />

e. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. carapace, lateral view (male)<br />

f. antenna<br />

b. anterior portion of chela (male)<br />

g. major second pereopod<br />

c. telson and left pair of uropods<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

d. second pereopod (male)<br />

(after Abele, 1971)<br />

Periclimenaeus pearsei<br />

Periclimenaeus <strong>as</strong>cidiarum<br />

1. carapace, lateral view<br />

h. anterior region, lateral view<br />

m. minor second pereopod<br />

i. major second pereopod, outer view<br />

ri. first pereopod<br />

j. minor second pereopod<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

k. third maxilliped<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)

---

Family Palaemonidae 173

---

Periclimenaeus perlatus |<br />

Periclimenaeus bermudensis<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view

---

Family Palaemonidae 175

---

Periclimenaeus maxillulidens<br />

Periclimenaeus atlanticus<br />

e. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. rostrum<br />

f. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

b. scaphocerite<br />

g. antennule and antenna<br />

c. third pereopod<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

d. same, dactylus<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)

---

Family Palaemonidae 177

---

Periclimenes americanus<br />

Periclimenes longicaudatus<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. second pereopod<br />

b. third pereopod<br />

f. scaphocerite<br />

c. antennule<br />

g. antennule<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

Periclimenes pedersoni<br />

Periclimenes magnus<br />

male:<br />

h. anterior region, lateral view<br />

1. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

i. second pereopod<br />

m. lateral view<br />

j. third pereopod<br />

n. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

k. antennule and scaphocerite<br />

(after Chace, 1958)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)

---

Family Palaemonidne 179

---

Periclimenes harringtoni<br />

Periclimenes pandionis<br />

f. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

g. first pereopod<br />

b. first pereopod<br />

h. scaphocerite<br />

c. second pereopod<br />

i. major second pereopod<br />

d. scaphocerite<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

e. antennule<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

Periclimenes rathbunae<br />

Periclimenes iridescent<br />

m. anterior region of carapace<br />

j. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

n. major second pereopod<br />

k. anterior region, lateral view<br />

o. antenna<br />

1. major second pereopod<br />

p. telson<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

(after Schmitt, 1924a)

---

^ 5 5 3<br />

Family Palaemonidae 181

---

00<br />

Periclimenes perryae<br />

Periclimenes yucatanicus<br />

c. antennule<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

d. carapace, lateral view<br />

b. same, dorsal view<br />

e. scaphocerite<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

(after Chace, 1942a)

---

O<br />

Family Palaemonidae 183

---

Pontonia domestica<br />

Pontonia unidens<br />

c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. fingers of major second pereopod, inner view<br />

d. minor second pereopod<br />

b. chela of major second pereopod, outer view<br />

e. telson<br />

(after Kingsley, 1880)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

Pontonia margarita<br />

f. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

g. third pereopod<br />

h. telson<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)

---

Family Palaemonidae 185

---

Typton tortugae<br />

Typton prionurus<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. major second pereopod<br />

b. major second pereopod<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

c. telson and left uropods<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

Typton gnathophylloides<br />

Typton carneus<br />

i. anterior region, lateral view<br />

f. anterior region, lateral view<br />

j. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

g. major second pereopod<br />

k. telson and right uropods<br />

h. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)

---

Family Palaemonidae 187

---

Typton distinctus<br />

Typton vulcanus<br />

holotype ovigerous female:<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

b. telson and right uropods<br />

e. major second pereopod<br />

c. major second pereopod<br />

f. same, fingers<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

g. mandible<br />

(after Ghace, 1972)

---

-i 1<br />

^<br />

r o<br />

Family Palaemonidae 189

---

Brachycarpus biunguiculatus<br />

Anchistioides antiguensis<br />

d. carapace and rostrum, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. third pereopod<br />

b. third maxilliped<br />

f. same, dactylus<br />

e. second pereopod<br />

g. antennule<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

h. telson<br />

(after Schmitt, 1939)<br />

Neopontonides beaufortensis<br />

Lipkebe holthuisi<br />

1. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

m. same, lateral view<br />

i. anterior region, lateral view<br />

n. third maxilliped<br />

j. same, dorsal view<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951b)<br />

k. telson and uropods<br />

(after Chace, 1969)

---

Family Palaemonidae 191

---

Pseudocoutierea antillensis<br />

Pontoniopsis paulae<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

a. lateral view<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

b. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. abdomen, posterior part<br />

c. telson and uropods<br />

f. right third maxilliped<br />

(after Gore, 1981)<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

Veleroniopsis Mmallynae<br />

Tuleariocaris neglecta<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

1. dorsal view<br />

h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

m. second maxilliped<br />

i. second pereopod<br />

n. third maxilliped<br />

j. same, chela<br />

(after Gore, 1981)<br />

k. rostrum and anterior region of carapace<br />

(after Chace, 1969)

---

Family Palaemonidae 193

---

Family Alpheidae<br />

Family Alpheidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Movable plate at posterolateral angle of sixth abdominal somite 2<br />

No movable plate at posterolateral angle of sixth abdominal somite 3<br />

2. (1) Rostrum lacking; antennular peduncle long and slender, stylocerite closely<br />

appressed to b<strong>as</strong>al segment; exopod of uropod distally truncate (telson with convex<br />

distal margin; first chelipeds carried with chela flexed against merus, opposable<br />

margins of fingers of major chela dentate) Leptalpheus forceps<br />

Rostral projection present; antennular peduncle short and stout, stylocerite well<br />

separated from b<strong>as</strong>al segment; exopod of uropod distally rounded (first chelipeds<br />

carried extended) AIpheopsis<br />

3. (1) Eyes completely exposed dorsally; movable finger of major first chela without<br />

molar-like tooth fitting into socket in immovable finger., Automate<br />

Eyes concealed from all but anteroventral view by deflexed frontal margin of<br />

carapace; movable finger of major first chela usually provided with <strong>large</strong> molar-like<br />

tooth fitting into socket in immovable finger 4<br />

4. (3) Posterior margin of carapace without "cardiac notch" at b<strong>as</strong>e of branchiostegite;<br />

exopod of uropod without transverse suture (rostral projection lacking, front<br />

unarmed; antepenultimate segment of third maxilliped normal, not unusually<br />

expanded; epipods present on at le<strong>as</strong>t 2 anterior pairs of pereopods) Thunor simus<br />

Posterior margin of carapace with "cardiac notch"; exopod of uropod with<br />

transverse suture 5<br />

5. (4) Pereopods without epipods; second pleopod of male without appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina<br />

(front tridentate; antepenultimate segment of third maxilliped normal, not unusually<br />

expanded; dactyli of 3 posterior pereopods biunguiculate) Synalpheus<br />

Epipods present on at le<strong>as</strong>t 2 anterior pairs of pereopods; second pleopod of male<br />

with appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina 6<br />

6. (5) Labrum and mandible not unusually en<strong>large</strong>d; antepenultimate segment of third<br />

maxilliped not unusually expanded; fourth pereopod with m<strong>as</strong>tigobranch epipod;<br />

appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina normal, not reaching distal end of either endopod or exopod of<br />

male second pleopod Alpheus<br />

Labrum greatly swollen and enveloped by expanded incisor process of mandible;<br />

antepenultimate segment of third maxilliped broadened to form partial operculum<br />

over anterior mouthparts; fourth pereopod without m<strong>as</strong>tigobranch epipod; appendix<br />

m<strong>as</strong>culina greatly en<strong>large</strong>d and elongate, overreaching distal ends of both endopod<br />

and exopod of second pleopod Metalpheus rostratipes

---

Genus Alpheopsis Couttere, 1896<br />

Key to species<br />

Family Alpheidae 195<br />

Anterior region of carapace with rostrum and ocular teeth (chela with longitudinal <strong>as</strong><br />

well <strong>as</strong> transverse groove) A. trispinosus<br />

Anterior region of carapace without ocular teeth (carpus of second pereopod with<br />

first segment about <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> combined lengths of second and third segments)<br />

,. .• A. lahix

---

196 Family Alpheidae<br />

Genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Frontal region evenly convex dorsally, adrostral depressions lacking; fingers of<br />

minor first chela strongly curved in vertical plane (rostrum short, subrectangular,<br />

not elevated in midline; ocular hoods subrectangular, frontal margin broadly<br />

tridentate; major first chela subcylindrical, without marginal notches on palm;<br />

proximal article of carpus of second pereopod longer than second segment; third<br />

and fourth pereopods with dactylus biunguiculate, merus without distal tooth on<br />

inferior margin, ischium without movable spine on lateral surface)<br />

A. cylindricus<br />

Ocular hoods mesially delimited by adrostal depressions or furrows; fingers of<br />

minor first chela not noticeably curved in vertical plane 2<br />

2. (1) Rostrum dorsally flat, at le<strong>as</strong>t in distal portion; ocular hood armed with spine<br />

arising from surface of hood, not from margin, although appearing marginal in A.<br />

malleator because of receding ventral portion of hood (adrostral furrows sharply<br />

defined and partially delimited posteriorly; marginal lobe or projection between<br />

rostrum and ocular hood; proximal segment of carpus of second pereopod longer<br />

than second segment) 3<br />

Rostrum either rounded or carinate in dorsal midline, not flat; ocular spine, if<br />

present, arising from margin of hood 5<br />

3. (2) Spine on ocular hood arising from mesial slope, overhanging adrostral furrow; meri<br />

of third and fourth pereopods armed with distal tooth on inferior margin (fingers of<br />

minor chela of male not "balaeniceps"-shaped; third and fourth pereopods with<br />

simple dactyli and movable spine on lateral surfaces of ischia. Small tooth or<br />

tubercle in midline of carapace in line with posterior limits of adrostral furrows;<br />

palm of major first chela with superior and inferior margins entire, not notched,<br />

immovable finger notched on opposable margin distal to socket; distolateral spine<br />

on exopod of uropod dark-colored in male) A. armatus<br />

Spine on ocular hood arising from anterior slope, overhanging frontal margin; meri<br />

of third and fourth pereopods unarmed at distal end of inferior margin (immovable<br />

finger of major first chela notched on opposable margin distal to socket; distolateral<br />

spine on exopod of uropod dark-colored in male) 4

---

Family Alpheidae 197<br />

4. (3) Ventrolateral tooth on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennal peduncle not overreaching<br />

stylocerite; scaphocerite lacking prominent tooth or lobe near proximal end of ouier<br />

margin; merus of first pereopod with distal tooth on mesial inferior margin; palm of<br />

major first chela with both superior and inferior margins entire, not notched;<br />

movable finger of minor first chela laterally and mesially carinate, densely setose,<br />

"balaeniceps"-shaped in both males and females; third and fourth pereopods with<br />

dactyli simple, ischia with movable spines on lateral surfaces; distolateral spine on<br />

exopod of uropod dark-colored in both male and female.. A. formosus<br />

Ventrolateral tooth on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennal peduncle distinctly overreaching<br />

stylocerite; scaphocerite with prominent curved tooth or lobate projection near<br />

proximal end of outer margin; merus of first pereopod without distal tooth on<br />

inferior margin; palm of major first chela notched superiorly; minor first chela not<br />

"balaeniceps"-shaped in either male or female; third and fourth pereopods with<br />

dactyli biunguiculate, ischia unarmed; distolateral spine on exopod of uropod darkcolored<br />

in male only A. malleator<br />

5. (2) Ocular hoods spined (adrostral furrows not abruptly delimited posteriorly;<br />

scaphocerite without <strong>large</strong> tooth or lobe near proximal end of lateral margin)....... 6<br />

Ocular hoods not spined (third and fourth pereopods with simple dactyli) 10<br />

6. (5) Merus of first pereopod with sharp distal tooth on mesial inferior margin; third and<br />

fourth pereopods with dactyli not distinctly biunguiculate (meri of third and fourth<br />

pereopods without distal teeth on inferior margins) 7<br />

Merus of first pereopod without distinct sharp tooth at distal end of inferior margin;<br />

third and fourth pereopods with dactyli distinctly biunguiculate 9<br />

7. (6) Third and fourth pereopods with inconspicuous denticles on inferior margins of<br />

dactyli, ischia without movable spines on lateral surfaces A. websteri<br />

Third and fourth pereopods without accessory denticle on inferior margins of<br />

dactyli, ischia with movable spines on lateral surfaces 8<br />

8. (7) Major first chela twisted and bearing single distinct sharp teeth on distal ends of<br />

both lateral and mesial surfaces of palm A. amblyonyx<br />

Major first chela not twisted and not bearing sharp teeth on distal ends of both<br />

lateral and mesial surfaces of palm A. thom<strong>as</strong>i<br />

9. (6) Third and fourth pereopods without distal teeth on inferior margins of meri<br />

A. candei<br />

Third and fourth pereopods with distal teeth on inferior margins of meri<br />

A. pe<strong>as</strong>ei

---

198 Family Alpheidae<br />

10. (5) Men of third and fourth pereopods with prominent acute teeth at distal ends of<br />

inferior margins (lobe on frontal margin between rostrum and ocular hood; major<br />

first chela subcylindrical, without superior or inferior notches; merus of first<br />

pereopod with tooth at distal end of mesial inferior margin; immovable finger of<br />

major first chela with notch in opposable margin distal to socket; proximal segment<br />

of carpus of second pereopod shorter than second segment; third and fourth<br />

pereopods with movable spines on lateral surfaces of ischia) A. cristulifrons<br />

Men of third and fourth pereopods with distal ends of inferior margins rounded or<br />

rectangular, not produced into prominent teeth 11<br />

11. (10) Major first chela notched superiorly 12<br />

Major first chela with superior and inferior margins entire, not notched (major first<br />

cheliped with tooth at distal end of mesial inferior margin of merus; immovable<br />

finger of major chela with notch in opposable margin distal to socket; minor first<br />

chela of male not "balaeniceps"-shaped; third and fourth pereopods with movable<br />

spines on lateral surfaces of ischia) 19<br />

12. (11) Major first chela not notched inferiorly (ocular hoods subtriangularly produced<br />

anteriorly; inferior margin of major first chela with shallow sinus at b<strong>as</strong>e of<br />

immovable finger) A. normanni<br />

Major first chela notched inferiorly 13<br />

13. (12) Third and fourth pereopods with movable spines on lateral surfaces of ischia 14<br />

Third and fourth pereopods without spines on ischia 17<br />

14. (13) Merus of first pereopod unarmed at distal end of mesial inferior margin; dactyli of<br />

third and fourth pereopods usually subspatulate 15<br />

Merus of first pereopod armed with sharp tooth at distal end of mesial inferior<br />

margin; dactyli of third and fourth pereopods not subspatulate 16<br />

15. (14) Major chela with inferior margin of immovable finger distinctly truncate distally;<br />

minor first chela of male not "balaeniceps"-shaped A. estuariensis<br />

Major chela with inferior margin of immovable finger more evenly rounded distally,<br />

not distinctly truncate; minor first chela of male "balaeniceps"-shaped<br />

A. heterochaelis<br />

16. (14) Adrostral furrows usually abruptly delimited posteriorly; immovable finger of<br />

major first chela without V-shaped notch in opposable margin distal to socket<br />

A. armillatus<br />

Adrostral furrows not abruptly delimited posteriorly; immovable finger of major<br />

first chela with sharply V-shaped notch in opposable margin distal to socket<br />

A. viridari

---

Family Alpheidae 199<br />

17. (13) Minor first chela with fingers slightly, if at all, more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm;<br />

proximal segment of carpus of second pereopod much shorter than second segment<br />

(fingers of minor first chela not "balaeniceps"-shaped in male) A. schmitti<br />

Minor first chela with fingers about <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm; proximal segment of carpus of<br />

second pereopod longer than second segment 18<br />

18. (17) Movable finger of major first chela regularly and highly arched throughout length of<br />

superior margin; fingers of minor first chela "balaeniceps"-shaped in male; second<br />

segment of carpus of second pereopod subequal to fifth segment in length<br />

A. bouvieri<br />

Movable finger of major first chela not strongly convex in proximal part of superior<br />

margin; fingers of minor first chela not "balaeniceps"-shaped in male; second<br />

segment of carpus of second pereopod distinctly longer than fifth segment<br />

A. nuttingi<br />

19. (11) Rostrum dorsally carinate or subcarinate; proximal segment of carpus of second<br />

pereopod shorter than second segment; dactyli of third and fourth pereopods<br />

subspatulate A. floridanus<br />

Rostrum dorsally convex, not subcarinate; proximal segment of carpus of second<br />

pereopod longer than second segment; dactyli of third and fourth pereopods not<br />

subspatulate A. paracrinitus

---

200 Family Alpheidae<br />

Genus A utotnate De Man, 1888<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Median frontal projection broadly rounded or subtriangular; propodi of third and<br />

fourth pereopods armed with series of stout movable spines on inferior margin<br />

(first segment of carpus of second pereopod at le<strong>as</strong>t half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> second segment;<br />

dactyli of third and fourth pereopods slender, not subspatulate) A. gardineri<br />

Median frontal projection reduced to acute tooth or lacking; propodi of third and<br />

fourth pereopods setose, without stout spines 2<br />

2. (1) Median frontal projection a small acute tooth; first segment of carpus of second<br />

pereopod much less than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> second segment; dactyli of third and fourth<br />

pereopods broad, subspatulate ..A. evermanni<br />

Frontal margin transverse, without median projection; first segment of carpus of<br />

second pereopod at le<strong>as</strong>t half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> second segment; dactyli of third and fourth<br />

pereopods slender, not subspatulate A. rectifrons

---

Genus Synalpheus Bate, 1888<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972, and Dardeau, 1984]<br />

Family Alpheidae 201<br />

1. Stylocerite not overreaching b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle (except in S.<br />

macclendoni and S. paraneptunus); movable finger of minor first-chela with<br />

prominent fringe of long, distally curved hairs on superior surface (reduced to<br />

single longitudinal row in S. paraneptunus) 2<br />

Stylocerite distinctly overreaching b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle; movable<br />

finger of minor first chela with scattered tufts of straight hairs but without<br />

prominent fringe on superior surface (scaphocerite with well-developed blade,<br />

lateral spine considerably exceeding that of b<strong>as</strong>icerite in length) 14<br />

2. (1) Both pairs of dorsal spines of telson arising in posterior of segment (ocular hoods<br />

blunt, broader than long) S. heardi<br />

Anterior or both pairs of dorsal spines of telson arising in anterior of segment 3<br />

3. (2) Both pairs of dorsal spines of telson arising in anterior of segment (carapace not<br />

distinctly produced at anteroventral angle and not carinate in dorsal midline<br />

posterior to b<strong>as</strong>e of rostrum; cardiac notch not well marked; ocular teeth acute, <strong>as</strong><br />

broad <strong>as</strong> long but not much broader than rostrum; b<strong>as</strong>icerite not produced dorsally;<br />

major first chela twisted, immovable finger short, not reaching nearly <strong>as</strong> far distally<br />

<strong>as</strong> does movable finger; palm of major first chela armed with sharp distal spine;<br />

movable finger of minor first chela strongly tridentate in lateral view) S. pectiniger<br />

Posterior pair of dorsal spines of telson arising in posterior of segment 4<br />

4. (3) Carpus of second pereopod composed of 4 segments 5<br />

Carpus of second pereopod composed of 5 segments 6<br />

5. (4) B<strong>as</strong>icerite with strong dorsal spine S. rathbunae<br />

B<strong>as</strong>icerite unarmed dorsally S. agel<strong>as</strong><br />

6. (4) Exopod of uropod with 1 fixed tooth on outer margin, sometimes at distolateral<br />

angle just lateral to movable spine, sometimes distinctly removed from distolateral<br />

angle (b<strong>as</strong>icerite not produced dorsally) .7<br />

Exopod of uropod with 2 or more fixed teeth on outer margin at, and proximal to,<br />

distolateral angle 10<br />

7. (6) Scaphocerite with well-developed blade (fingers of minor first chela not bidentate<br />

distally) 8<br />

Scaphocerite without blade (ocular teeth distinctly broader than rostrum; stylocerite<br />

not reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal end of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment) 9

---

202 Family Alplieidae<br />

8. (7) Ocular teeth slender, not much broader than rostrum; first abdominal pleuron of<br />

male without hooklike tooth; stylocerite slightly overreaching distal end of b<strong>as</strong>al<br />

antennal segment; major first chela not noticeably twisted, armed with stout spine at<br />

distal end of palm S. mcclendoni<br />

Ocular teeth stout, distinctly broader than rostrum; first abdominal pleuron of male<br />

armed with hooklike tooth; stylocerite not reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal end of b<strong>as</strong>al<br />

antennal segment; major first chela twisted, palm terminating distally in spine-tipped<br />

lobe S. sanctithomae<br />

9. (7) Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite not reaching tip of scaphocerite (ocular teeth at le<strong>as</strong>t <strong>as</strong><br />

long <strong>as</strong> broad; dorsal spines of telson arising from dorsal surface; major first chela<br />

not strongly twisted, palm sharply spinous distally; fingers of minor first chela<br />

subequally bidentate distally; third pereopod without flanges on merus and carpus).<br />

S. brooksi<br />

Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite reaching nearly to, or beyond, tip of scaphocerite (fingers<br />

of minor first chela bidentate distally; ocular teeth with lateral margins straight or<br />

slightly concave; telson with lateral margins nearly straight; antennular peduncle<br />

stout, overreaching scaphocerite by about half of distal segment, stylocerite broad).<br />

S. bousfieldi<br />

10. (6) Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite reaching nearly to, or beyond, tip of scaphocerite (fingers<br />

of minor first chela subequally bidentate distally) 11<br />

Lateral spine of b<strong>as</strong>icerite falling considerably short of tip of scaphocerite (palm of<br />

major first chela terminating distally in tubercle armed distally or distoventrally with<br />

small, sharp tooth) 12<br />

11. (10) Ocular teeth subacute, only slightly broader than rostrum; palm of major first chela<br />

terminating distally in acute projection 5. herricki<br />

Ocular teeth rounded, much broader than rostrum; palm of major first chela<br />

terminating distally in tubercle armed distoventrally with small, sharp tooth<br />

S. pandionis<br />

12. (10) B<strong>as</strong>icerite rounded or obtuse dorsally (movable finger of major first chela barely<br />

overreaching normal immovable finger) S. longicarpus<br />

B<strong>as</strong>icerite rectangular or acute dorsally ....13<br />

13. (12) Movable finger of minor first chela broadly tridentate distally in extensor <strong>as</strong>pect;<br />

exopod of uropod armed with 3 or 4 fixed teeth and 1 or 2 movable spines at distal<br />

end of outer margin .....5. paraneptunus<br />

Movable finger of minor first chela simple or bidentate distally; exopod of uropod<br />

armed with 8-17 fixed teeth on outer margin (scaphocerite with blade; distal tubercle<br />

on palm of major first chela armed distally) S. goodei

---

Fam ily Alpheidae 203<br />

14. (1) Ocular teeth triangular, not much broader than rostrum, not tapering to slender,<br />

sharp tips 15<br />

Ocular teeth elongate, much broader than rostrum, tapering to slender, sharp tips. 17<br />

15. (14) Rostrum with well-developed ventral process preventing corne<strong>as</strong> of eyes from<br />

touching; palm of major first chela unarmed distally; merus of third pereopod short<br />

and broad, less than two and <strong>one</strong> half times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad .... S. curacaoensis<br />

Ventral process of rostrum vestigial or lacking, not preventing corne<strong>as</strong> of eyes from<br />

touching; palm of major first chela with distal tooth or spine; merus of third<br />

pereopod about four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad 16<br />

16. (15) Lateral surface of palm of major chela with 2 broad and sinuous lateral lobes, in<br />

addition to sharp superior tooth S. minus<br />

Lateral surface of palm of major chela with narrow, prominent unarmed projection<br />

between superior tooth and 2 broad lateral lobes 5. brevicarpus<br />

17. (14) Dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with distal tooth on inferior margin<br />

distinctly divergent from axis of segment and much broader than superior tooth,<br />

inferior margin with prominence proximal to distal tooth (b<strong>as</strong>icerite strongly<br />

spinous dorsally) 18<br />

Dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with terminal teeth subparallel, no<br />

prominence on inferior margin proximal to distal tooth 19<br />

18. (17) Proximal prominence on inferior margin of dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods<br />

low and obtuse S. fritzmuelleri<br />

Proximal prominence on inferior margin of dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods<br />

<strong>large</strong> and sharp S. hemphilli<br />

19. (17) B<strong>as</strong>icerite unarmed dorsally; distal spine on palm of major first chela straight<br />

S. townsendi<br />

B<strong>as</strong>icerite armed dorsally with strong spine (palm of major first chela armed distally<br />

with curved spine; merus of third pereopod unarmed; dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of<br />

pereopods with distal tooth on inferior margin narrower than superior tooth)<br />

S. apioceros

---

Alpheopsis labis<br />

Alpheopsis trispinosus<br />

female:<br />

male:<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. anterior part of carapace, dorsal view<br />

b. left major chela, outer view<br />

f. right first pereopod<br />

c. telson and uropods, dorsal view<br />

g. left second pereopod<br />

(after Gore, 1981)<br />

(after Chace, 1972)

---

Family Alpheidae 205

---

Alpheus armatus<br />

Alpheus cylindricus<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

e. major first pereopod, outer view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

f. third pereopod<br />

b. major chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />

(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />

c. minor chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />

Alpheus malledtor<br />

Alpheus form<strong>as</strong>us<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

i. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

h. major first pereopod, outer view<br />

j. major chela of first pereopod, outer<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)

---

Family Alpheidae 207

---

Alpheus amblyonyx<br />

Alpheus websteri<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

a. lateral view<br />

b. anterior region, lateral view<br />

(after Rankin, 1898, <strong>as</strong> A. nigro-spinatus)<br />

c. major first pereopod<br />

d. right third pereopod<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

MpWeus candei<br />

Alpheus thotn<strong>as</strong>i<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. anterior region, dorsal view (female)<br />

h. major chela of first pereopod, inner view<br />

f. major chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />

(male)<br />

i. merus of third pereopod<br />

(after Hendrix and Gore, 1973)<br />

j. dactylus of fifth pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1910)

---

Family Alpheidae 209

---

O<br />

Alpheus crisiulifrotis |<br />

Alpheus pe<strong>as</strong>ei<br />

male: ><br />

•ST<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view 2.<br />

<strong>as</strong><br />

e. third pereopod<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

b. right third pereopod<br />

c. left major first pereopod<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />

(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />

Alpheus estuariensis<br />

Alpheus normanni<br />

h. third pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />

f. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

i. anterior region, dorsal view (ovigerous<br />

female)<br />

g. major first pereopod, outer view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

j. major first pereopod, outer view (male)<br />

(after Christoffersen, 1984)

---

Family Alpheidae 211

---

Alpheus atmillatus<br />

Alpheus heterochaelis<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

e. major first pereopod, inner view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

f. minor first pereopod, inner view (male)<br />

b. minor chela of first pereopod<br />

(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />

c. major first pereopod, inner view<br />

(after Christoffersen, 1984)<br />

Alpheus schmitti<br />

Alpheus viridari<br />

male:<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

h. minor first pereopod, outer view<br />

k. right third pereopod<br />

i. major first pereopod, outer view<br />

1. right second pereopod<br />

(after Armstrong, 1949)<br />

m. minor first pereopod, outer view<br />

(after Chace, 1972)

---

Family Alpheidae 213<br />

w:

---

Alpheus nuttingi<br />

Alpheus bouvieri<br />

e. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view (female)<br />

f. second pereopod<br />

b. second pereopod (female)<br />

g. minor chela of first pereopod, inner<br />

c. minor chela of first pereopod, outer view<br />

(male)<br />

h. major first pereopod, inner view<br />

(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />

d. major chela of first pereopod, inner view<br />

(female)<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />

Alpheus paracrinitus<br />

Alpheus floridanus<br />

female:<br />

i. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

1. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

j. major first pereopod, outer view<br />

m. second pereopod<br />

k. second pereopod<br />

n. major first pereopod, inner view<br />

(after Hendrix, 1971)<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)

---

^ ^ t r ^ ^<br />

Family Alpheidae 215

---

Automate evermanni<br />

Automate gardineri<br />

e. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view (female)<br />

f. first pereopod<br />

b. left first pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />

g. third pereopod<br />

c. left second pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />

(e, f, after Rathbun, 1901; g, after<br />

Holthuis, 1951a)<br />

d. left third pereopod (ovigerous female)<br />

(afterChace, 1972)<br />

Automate rectifrons<br />

female:<br />

h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

i. right second pereopod<br />

j. right third pereopod<br />

(afterChace, 1972)

---

Family Alpheidae 217

---

Synalpheus pectiniger<br />

Synalpheus heardi<br />

e. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

f. telson and left uropods<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

g. fingers of minor first pereopod (male)<br />

b. right minor first pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

c. telson and uropods<br />

d. major first pereopod, outer view<br />

(after Dardeau, 1984)<br />

Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong><br />

Synalpheus rathbunae<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

k. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

h. major chela of first pereopod<br />

1. telson and uropods<br />

i. second pereopod<br />

m. left second pereopod<br />

j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

(after Dardeau, 1984)<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)

---

Family Alpheidae 219

---

Synalpheus sanctithomae<br />

Synalpheus mcclendoni<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

e. major chela of first pereopod (male)<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

b. abdomen<br />

c. fingers of left first pereopod<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

Synalpheus bousfieldi<br />

Synalpheus brooksi<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

f. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />

h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

g. fingers of minor first pereopod<br />

i. telson and uropods<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

j. right first pereopod<br />

(after Chace, 1972)

---

Family Alpheidae 221<br />

^J

---

Synalpheus pandionis<br />

Synalpheus herricki<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. major first pereopod<br />

b. left uropodal exopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

c. major first pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

Synalpheus paraneptunus<br />

Synalpheus longicarpus<br />

h. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />

f. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />

i. finger of minor first pereopod<br />

g. major first pereopod<br />

j. right uropodal exopod (male)<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)

---

Family Alphcidae 223

---

Synalpheus curacaoensis<br />

Synalpheus goodei<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view (male)<br />

e. right third pereopod<br />

b. left uropodal exopod (male)<br />

f. chela of right first pereopod<br />

c. major first pereopod<br />

(after Schmitt, 1924a)<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

Synalpheus brevicarpus<br />

Synalpheus minus<br />

j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

k. major first pereopod<br />

h. major first pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

i. third pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)

---

\x<br />

Family Alpheidae 225

---

Synalpheus hemphilli<br />

Synalpheus ftitzmuelleri<br />

d. third pereopod<br />

SL. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

b. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

c. major chela of first pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

Synalpheus apioceros<br />

Synalpheus townsendi<br />

i. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

f. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

j. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

g. major chela of first pereopod<br />

k. major chela of first pereopod<br />

h. dactylus of third pereopod<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)<br />

(after Coutiere, 1909)

---

Family Alpheidae 227

---

Metalpheus rostratipes<br />

Leptalpheus forceps<br />

male:<br />

female:<br />

c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

d. major first pereopod, outer view<br />

b. major first pereopod<br />

e. mandible, inner view<br />

(after Williams, 1965b)<br />

f. same, outer view<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1966)<br />

Thunor simus<br />

g. telson and uropods (male)<br />

h. carapace, lateral view<br />

(g, after Chace, 1972; h, after<br />

Armstrong, 1949)

---

Family Alpheidae 229

---

230 Family Hippolytidae<br />

Family Hippolytidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Holthuis, 1955, and Chace, 1972]<br />

1. Arthrobranchs present at b<strong>as</strong>es of first four pairs of pereopods<br />

Merhippolyte americana<br />

B<strong>as</strong>es of pereopods without arthrobranchs 2<br />

2. (1) Carpus of second pereopod subdivided into more than 7 segments, multiarticulate...<br />

Carpus of second pereopod subdivided into no more than 7 segments 5<br />

3. (2) Dactyli of third, fourth, and fifth pereopods simple, spines on inferior margin<br />

inconspicuous Exhippolysmata oplophoroides<br />

Dactyli of third, fourth, and fifth pereopods appearing biungulate because of series<br />

of prominent spines on inferior margin 4<br />

4. (3) Supraorbital spines present on carapace Bythocaris nana<br />

Supraorbital spines absent .. .. Lysmata<br />

5. (2) Third segment of antennular peduncle bearing subtriangular movable plate<br />

overhanging b<strong>as</strong>e of flagellum dorsally; carpus of second pereopod composed of 6<br />

or 7 segments Thor<br />

Antennular peduncle without movable plate overhanging b<strong>as</strong>e of flagellum; carpus<br />

of second pereopod composed of 2 or 3 segments 6<br />

6. (5) Rostrum with deep ventral blade projecting posteroventrally at posterior end<br />

between b<strong>as</strong>es of an tennules 7<br />

Ventral lobe of rostrum, if present, not projecting posteroventrally near b<strong>as</strong>e 8<br />

7. (6) Lateral surface of carapace smooth, not spinose; mandible without palp; carpus of<br />

second pereopod composed of 3 segments Latreutes<br />

Lateral surface of carapace bearing numerous appressed spines; mandible with 2segmented<br />

palp; carpus of second pereopod composed of 2 segments<br />

Trachycaris restrictus<br />

8. (6) Supraorbital tooth present; third maxilliped with exopod Hippolyte<br />

Supraorbital tooth absent; third maxilliped without exopod Tozeuma<br />

3

---

Genus Hippolyte Leach, 1814<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Family Hippolytidae 231<br />

1. Lateral spine on carapace branchiostegal, overreaching anterior margin; tergum of<br />

fifth abdominal somite armed with pair of strong posterior spines; telson with both<br />

pairs of dorsolateral spines situated in posterior third of segment; scaphocerite with<br />

blade and distolateral spine about equally advanced; dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of<br />

pereopods terminating in 2 strong distal spines (rostrum usually with single,<br />

inconspicuous tooth on dorsal and ventral margins; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular<br />

peduncle armed with prominent distolateral spine) H. coerulescens<br />

Lateral spine on carapace hepatic, not nearly reaching anterior margin in adults;<br />

tergum of fifth abdominal somite unarmed; telson with anterior pair of distolateral<br />

spines situated near midlength of segment; scaphocerite with blade reaching far<br />

beyond distolateral spine; dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods terminating in<br />

either 1 or 3 strong distal spines 2<br />

2. (1) Rostrum usually unarmed dorsally (rarely with 1 or 2 prominent dorsal teeth);<br />

dactyli of 3 posterior pairs of pereopods terminating in single distal spine (b<strong>as</strong>al<br />

segment of antennular peduncle unarmed distally) H. nicholsoni<br />

Rostrum usually armed with 2-4 strong teeth on dorsal margin; dactyli of 3<br />

posterior pairs of pereopods terminating in 3 strong distal spines 3<br />

3. (2) Rostrum usually armed with 3 or 4 strong teeth on dorsal margin and with strong<br />

lateral carina in proximal third of length; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle<br />

armed with 1-3 strong distolateral spines H. curacaoensis<br />

Rostrum usually armed with 2 (rarely 1 or 3) strong teeth in proximal half of dorsal<br />

margin and without distinct lateral carina; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle<br />

unarmed distally 4<br />

4. (3) Rostrum not overreaching antennular peduncle in adult females, barely<br />

overreaching b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment in males H. pleuracanthus<br />

Rostrum distinctly overreaching antennular peduncle in adult females, extending<br />

nearly <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> distal margin of second antennular segment in males H. zostericola

---

232 Family Hippolytidae<br />

Genus Latreutes Stimpson, 1860<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Carapace and rostrum unarmed dorsally except for single, small, median spine on<br />

g<strong>as</strong>tric region; rostrum an elongate blade nearly <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace ...L. fucorum<br />

Carapace strongly humped and armed dorsally with 5 or 6 spiniform teeth; rostrum<br />

deep ovoid blade, shorter than carapace L. parvulus

---

Genus Lysmata Risso 1816<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Family Hippolytidae 233<br />

1. Scaphocerite overreaching antennular peduncle slightly, if at all (rostrum with 4-6<br />

ventral teeth; antennal tooth distinct from depressed and obscure ventral angle of<br />

orbit; carapace with pterygostomian tooth on anteroventral margin; stylocerite<br />

falling far short of distal margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment; distal tooth of<br />

scaphocerite distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; exopod of third<br />

maxilliped reaching at le<strong>as</strong>t to midlength of antepenultimate segment; carpus of<br />

second pereopod composed of 17-23 segments) .. L. amboinensis<br />

Scaphocerite distinctly overreaching antennular peduncle (exopod of third<br />

maxilliped reaching to, or beyond, midlength of antepenultimate segment) 2<br />

2. (1) Antennal tooth fused with ventral angle of orbit; stylocerite reaching beyond distal<br />

margin of b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle; accessory branch of dorsolateral<br />

antennular flagellum well developed (2 to 4 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on<br />

carapace posterior to level of orbital margin; carapace with pterygostomian tooth on<br />

anteroventral margin; scaphocerite more than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide, distal<br />

tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; carpus of second pereopod<br />

composed of 28-30 segments) L. intermedia<br />

Antennal tooth distinct from depressed and obscure ventral angle of orbit;<br />

stylocerite falling far short of distal margin of b<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment; accessory<br />

branch of dorsolateral antennular flagellum vestigial or absent 3<br />

3. (2) Rostrum usually reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong>, or beyond, distal end of antennular peduncle;<br />

scaphocerite five times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide L. rathbunae<br />

Rostrum reaching not much, if at all, beyond second segment of antennular<br />

peduncle; scaphocerite less than four times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide L. wurdemanni

---

234 Family Hippolytidae<br />

Genus Thor Kingsley, 1878<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. No vestige of supraorbital tooth; anterolateral margin of carapace faintly angular,<br />

with microscopic branchiostegal tooth; distal margin of telson armed typically with<br />

4 pairs of spines; endopod of first pleopod of functional males with mesial margin<br />

sparsely setose; appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina (not including setae) of functional males falling<br />

short of distal end of endopod of second pleopod; <strong>as</strong>sociated with sea anem<strong>one</strong>s<br />

(merus of first pereopod unarmed in distal half of inferior margin; eggs not very<br />

<strong>large</strong>, incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.48 to 0.70 mm)<br />

T. amboinensis<br />

Supraorbital tooth represented by obtuse prominence; anterolateral margin of<br />

carapace rounded, unarmed; distal margin of telson armed with 3 pairs of spines;<br />

endopod of first pleopod of functional males with mesial margin densely setose;<br />

appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina (not including setae) of functional males reaching nearly to, or<br />

beyond, distal end of endopod of second pleopod; not usually <strong>as</strong>sociated with sea<br />

anem<strong>one</strong>s 2<br />

2. (1) Merus of first pereopod armed with 1 or 2 spines in distal half of inferior margin<br />

(dactyli of fourth and fifth pereopods commonly armed with 5—not usually 4 or 6~<br />

spinules on inferior margin proximal to distal pair of spines; eggs not very <strong>large</strong>,<br />

incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.36 to 0.74 mm)..<br />

T. dobkini<br />

Merus of first pereopod unarmed in distal half of inferior margin 3<br />

3. (2) Dactyli of fourth and fifth pereopods commonly armed with 4 or 5 (rarely 3 or 6)<br />

spinules on inferior margin proximal to distal pair of spines; eggs <strong>large</strong> and few,<br />

incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.66 to 1.40 mm<br />

T. floridanus<br />

Dactyli of fourth and fifth pereopods commonly armed with 3 (sometimes 2 or 4)<br />

spinules on inferior margin proximal to distal pair of spines; eggs not very <strong>large</strong>,<br />

incre<strong>as</strong>ing in major diameter during development from 0.36 to 0.73 mm<br />

T. manningi

---

Genus Tozeuma Stimpson, 1960<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Family Hippolytidae 235<br />

1. Third abdominal somite bearing long rodlike dorsal projection recurved posteriorly<br />

and bidentate distally; third maxilliped with each of 2 distal segments short, slightly<br />

longer than broad, distal segment tapering throughout to narrow truncate tip; carpus<br />

of second pereopod with proximal segment subequal in length to combined lengths<br />

of 2 distal segments; dactyli of 3 posterior pereopods without accessory spinules on<br />

inferior margin (rostrum unarmed dorsally) T. cornutum<br />

Third abdominal somite not surmounted by recurved projection in adults; third<br />

maxilliped with each of 2 distal segments elongate, at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad,<br />

distal segment with subparallel margins nearly to distal extremity; carpus of second<br />

pereopod with proximal segment slightly more than four-fifths <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> combined<br />

lengths of 2 distal segments; dactyli of 3 posterior pereopods with row of accessory<br />

spinules on inferior margin 2<br />

2. (1) Rostrum unarmed dorsally T. carolinense<br />

Rostrum armed with series of teeth both dorsally and ventrally T. serratum

---

Hippolyte nicholsoni<br />

Hippolyte coerulescens<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

female:<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. orbital region<br />

b. right antenna<br />

f. abdomen<br />

c. abdomen<br />

g. left third pereopod<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

h. same, dactylus<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

Hippolyte pleuracanthus<br />

Hippolyte curacaoensis<br />

female:<br />

female:<br />

1. anterior region, lateral view<br />

i. anterior region, lateral view<br />

m. rostrum<br />

j. right antennule<br />

n. right antennule<br />

k. abdomen<br />

o. abdomen<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

(after Chace, 1972)

---

Family Hippolytidae 237

---

to<br />

•53<br />

i<br />

f<br />

Hippolyte zostericola<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

b. right antennule<br />

c. abdomen<br />

(after Chace, 1972)

---

Family Hippolytidae 239

---

©<br />

©<br />

Latreutes parvulus<br />

Latreutes fucorum<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

a. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />

b. lateral view<br />

(after Bate, 1888, <strong>as</strong> L. ensiferus)<br />

c. carapace, lateral view<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951a)

---

Family Hippolytidae 241

---

Lysmata intermedia<br />

Lysmata amboinensis<br />

b. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. lateral view<br />

c. carapace, lateral view<br />

(after Limbaugh et al.,. 1961)<br />

d. second pereopod<br />

(after Sivertsen, 1933)<br />

Lysmata wurdemanni<br />

Lysmata rathbunae<br />

h. anterior region, lateral view<br />

male:<br />

i. antennal scale<br />

e. anterior region, lateral view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

f. orbital region<br />

g. right antenna<br />

(after Chace, 1970)

---

Family Hippolytidae 243

---

Thor dobkini<br />

Thor amboinensis<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

e. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. rostrum<br />

f. rostrum<br />

b. anterior region, lateral view<br />

g. right first pereopod<br />

c. telson and uropods<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

d. posterior end of telson<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

Thor manningi<br />

Thor floridanus<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

k. rostrum<br />

h. anterior region, lateral view<br />

1. anterior region, lateral view<br />

i. rostrum<br />

m. fourth pereopod<br />

j. right first pereopod<br />

n. same, dactylus<br />

(after Chace, 1972)<br />

(after Chace, 1972)

---

Family Hippolytidae 245

---

to<br />

---

I<br />

)<br />

^<br />

Family Hippolytidae 247

---

Exhippolysmata oplopkoroides<br />

Bythocaris nana<br />

f. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />

b. carapace, lateral view<br />

c. second pereopod<br />

d. third pereopod<br />

e. same, dactylus<br />

(from Abele's personal drawing)<br />

Trachycaris restrictus<br />

Merhippolyte americana<br />

j. lateral view<br />

g. anterior region, lateral view<br />

k. mandible<br />

h. mandible<br />

1. second pereopod<br />

i. posterior part of abdomen<br />

(after Holthuis, 1949b)<br />

(after Holthiris, 1961)

---

Family Hippolytidae 249

---

3<br />

-o

---

Family Ogyrididae<br />

Genus Ogyrides Stebbing, 1914<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Ogyrididae 251<br />

Single movable spine behind rostrum on middorsal line. O. hayi<br />

Postrostral crest with 3 to 14 small, fixed spines. O. alphaerostris

---

Ogyrides alphaerostris<br />

b. carapace and anterior appendages, lateral view<br />

Ogyrides hayi<br />

a. carapace and anterior appendages, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Fain<br />

ily ORyritlldae 253

---

25^ Family Processitfae<br />

Family Prpcessidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

1. First pereopods similar, both chelate (first pereopods without exopods; second<br />

pereopQds equal) Ambidexter symmetricus<br />

First pereopods dissimilar, <strong>one</strong> (usually right) chelate, other with simple unopposed<br />

dactylus 2<br />

2. (1) First pereopod with exopod Nikoides schmitti<br />

First pereopod without exopod Processa

---

Genus Processa Leach, 1815<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Family Processidae 255<br />

1. Pleuron of fifth abdominal somite with sharp tooth near posteroventral angle<br />

(antenna! spine present) 2<br />

Pleuron of fifth abdominal somite with posteroventral margin entire, without<br />

projecting tooth ....3<br />

2. (1) Eye twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> scaphocerite; third pereopod overreaching scaphocerite by<br />

length of dactylus andpropodus only P. fimbriata<br />

Eye less than <strong>one</strong> and <strong>one</strong>-half times <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> scaphocerite; third pereopod<br />

overreaching scaphocerite by length of dactylus, propodus, and most of carpus<br />

P. riveroi<br />

3. (1) Antennal spine lacking 4<br />

Antennal spine present 5<br />

4. (3) Ventral margin of rostrum only slightly concave in distal half; second pereopods<br />

unequal, right with 19-29 carpal segments, left with 13-15 . • P. bermudensis<br />

Ventral margin of rostrum markedly concave in distal half; second pereopods equal,<br />

with 10-14 carpal segments P. vicina<br />

5. (3) Second pereopods equal, with 10 carpal segments; merocarpal articulation of right<br />

not extending beyond scaphocerite P. hemphilli<br />

Second pereopods very unequal, merocarpal articulation of right extending<br />

considerably beyond scaphocerite 6<br />

6. (5) Posterior lobe of sixth abdominal somite, dorsal to uropodal articulation, armed<br />

with sharp tooth P. profunda<br />

Posterior lobe of sixth abdominal somite unarmed P. guyanae

---

Processa riveroi<br />

Processa fimbriata<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

male:<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. rostrum<br />

b. margin of fifth abdominal pleuron<br />

f. right third pereopod<br />

c. rostrum<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />

Processa vicina<br />

Processa bermudensis<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

k. anterior region, lateral view<br />

g. anterior region, lateral view<br />

1. rostrum<br />

h. rostrum<br />

m. right second pereopod<br />

i. left second pereopod<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />

j. right second pereopod<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971)

---

Family Processidae 257

---

Processa profunda<br />

Processa hemphilli<br />

male:<br />

female:<br />

d. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

e. abdomen<br />

b. rostrum<br />

(after Manning and Chaee, 1971)<br />

c. right second pereopod<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />

Processa guyanae<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

f. distal portion of rostrum<br />

g. anterior region, lateral view<br />

h. right fifth pereopod<br />

i. abdomen<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971, <strong>as</strong> P. tenuipes)

---

Family Processidae 259

---

Nikoides schmitti<br />

Ambidexter symmetricus<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

e. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

f. right first pereopod<br />

b. left first pereopod<br />

g. rostrum<br />

c. right first pereopod<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971)<br />

& rostrum<br />

(after Manning and Chace, 1971)

---

Family Processidae 26 I

---

262 Family Pandalidae<br />

Family Pandalidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Chace, 1985]<br />

1. Rostrum movably connected with carapace. Pantomus parvulus<br />

Rostrum not movable 2<br />

2. (1) Abdomen with third abdominal somite unarmed or with fixed postero-medial tooth;<br />

second maxilliped with terminal segment broader than long, applied <strong>as</strong> strip to distal<br />

margin of penultimate segment; appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina on second pleopod of male<br />

rather broad and profusely spinose Plesionika<br />

Abdomen with third somite bearing slender, b<strong>as</strong>ally articulated postero-medial spine<br />

or stout seta (sometimes lost); second maxilliped with terminal segment longer than<br />

broad, not applied <strong>as</strong> strip to distal margin of penultimate segment; appendix<br />

m<strong>as</strong>culina on second pleopod of male slender and sparsely spinose<br />

Stylopandalus richardi

---

Genus Plesionika Bate, 1888<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Pequegn.at, 1970]<br />

Family Pandalidae 263<br />

1. Epipods on at le<strong>as</strong>t first two pereopods .2<br />

No epipods on any of pereopods 6<br />

2 (1). Rostrum toothed dorsally for entire length .. 3<br />

Rostrum smooth dorsally for most of its length 5<br />

3. (2) Rostrum more than twice carapace length (rostrum with about 28 dorsal teeth, more<br />

widely spaced proximally than distally, and about 40 ventral teeth; carpi of l<strong>as</strong>t three<br />

pereopods less than twice length of propodi (epipods minute) P. edwardsii<br />

Rostrum less than twice carapace length 4<br />

4. (3) Rostrum short, reaching no further than distal end of scaphocerite (rostrum with 13-<br />

17 dorsal teeth and 3-8 small ventral teeth) P. acanthonotus<br />

Rostrum longer, reaching p<strong>as</strong>t scaphocerite (rostrum about equal in length to<br />

carapace, with 8-10 dorsal teeth, 2-4 of which are movable spines behind orbit and<br />

separated from remaining rostral teeth) P. tenuipes<br />

5. (2) Third abdominal somite with dorsal spine; 4-6 dorsal rostral teeth (2 or 3 behind<br />

orbit) plus <strong>one</strong> subapical tooth P. ensis<br />

Third abdominal somite not armed; 6-9 dorsal rostral teeth (3 or 4 behind orbit), no<br />

subapical tooth P. martia<br />

6. (1) Ultimate segment of third maxilliped distinctly shorter than penultimate<br />

P. escatilis<br />

Ultimate segment of third maxilliped subequal to penultimate P. longicauda

---

OS<br />

65<br />

3<br />

Plesionika acanthonotus<br />

Plesionika edwardsii<br />

85<br />

s<br />

b. anterior region, lateral view |<br />

a<br />

a. lateral view<br />

85<br />

(aftefHolthuis, 1951a)<br />

(after Perez Farfante, 1978)<br />

Plesiapika ensis<br />

\<br />

e. anterior region, lateral view<br />

Plesionika tenuipes<br />

c. carapace and rostrum, lateral view<br />

(afterJHolthuis, 1951a)<br />

d. posterior part of abdomen<br />

(after Thompson, 1963)

---

V<br />

Family Pnndalldae 265

---

3<br />

Plesionika escatilis<br />

Plesionika martia<br />

CO<br />

9<br />

a<br />

c. anterior region, lateral view (female)<br />

a. anterior region, lateral view<br />

a<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973, <strong>as</strong> P. narvat)<br />

b. posterior part of abdomen<br />

(after Holthuis, 1951a)<br />

Plesionika longicauda<br />

d. rostrum<br />

(after Rathbun, 1901)

---

Family Pandalidae 267

---

Stylopandalus richardi<br />

Pantomus parvulus<br />

b. right second maxilliped (ovigerous female)<br />

a. lateral view<br />

c. posteromesial spine on third abdominal somite<br />

(ovigerous female)<br />

& right appendix m<strong>as</strong>culina and appendix interna,<br />

mesial <strong>as</strong>pect (male)<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards, 1883)<br />

(after Chace, 1985)

---

Family Pandalidae 269

---

o<br />

*=3<br />

P<br />

3<br />

65<br />

3<br />

a<br />

SL<br />

a<br />

65

---

Family Crangonidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Dardeau and Heard, 1983, and Chace, 1984]<br />

Family Crangonidae 27 1<br />

1. Second pereopods subequal in length to other pereopods 2<br />

Second pereopods much shorter than other pereopods 3<br />

2. (1) Carapace with 1 dorsal median spine Crangon septemspinosa<br />

Carapace with 2 to 4 dorsal median spines (sixth abdominal somite stout, expanded<br />

posterolaterally into prominent wing-like lobes or keels)<br />

Metacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />

3. (1) Eight branchiae on each side of body; apices of branchiae directed anteriorly<br />

(rostrum simple, not cleft apically, with 3 pairs of lateral teeth; median carina on<br />

carapace armed with 4 teeth; abdominal sterna unarmed)<br />

Parapontocaris caribbaea<br />

Six or seven branchiae on each side of body; apices of branchiae directed<br />

posteriorly , 4<br />

4. (3) Rostrum armed with 1 or 2 pairs of lateral teeth in posterior half of length; first<br />

pereopod with rudimentary exopod; hepatic spines present<br />

Pontophilus brevirostris<br />

Rostrum without lateral teeth in posterior half; first pereopod without trace of<br />

exopod; hepatic spines absent Philocher<strong>as</strong> gorei

---

Metacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />

Crangon septemspinosa<br />

o<br />

female:<br />

a. dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />

3<br />

o<br />

s<br />

a<br />

8S<br />

b. carapace, lateral view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Crosnier and Forest, 1973)<br />

Parapontocaris caribbaea<br />

& lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />

(after Dardeau and Heard, 1983)

---

Family Crangonldae 273

---

•«<br />

so<br />

9<br />

orq<br />

o<br />

S<br />

Phttocher<strong>as</strong> gorei<br />

Pontophilus brevirostris<br />

b. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />

a. lateral view (ovigerous female)<br />

(after Dardeaii and Heard, 1983)<br />

(after Dardeau and Heard, 1983)

---

Family Crangonidae 275

---

ON<br />

O<br />

-t<br />

8S<br />

3<br />

o<br />

9

---

Family Glyphocrangonidae<br />

Family Glyphocrangonidae 277<br />

Genus Glyphocrangon A. Milne Edwards, 1881<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Holthuis, 1971]<br />

1. Anterior antennal carina formed of a row of tubercles; first abdominal somite with<br />

two transverse rows of tubercles between intermediate carinae G. spinicauda<br />

Anterior antennal carina absent; first abdominal somite usually with only single<br />

transverse row of tubercles, viz., along posterior margin .2<br />

2. (1) Anterior intermediate carina not ending in spine; posterior antennal and posterior<br />

lateral carinae bearing several blunt tubercles or teeth; anterior of two teeth on<br />

anterior lateral carina behind pterygostomian spine reaching to or beyond orbital<br />

margin G. longleyi<br />

Anterior intermediate carina ending in sharp spine; posterior antennal and posterior<br />

lateral carinae straight, without tubercles or teeth; anterior tooth of anterior lateral<br />

carina not reaching level of posterior margin of orbit G. haematonotus

---

Glyphocrangon longleyi<br />

Glyphocrangon spinicauda<br />

a<br />

c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

o<br />

d. sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />

b. sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />

!<br />

9<br />

(after Holthuis, 1971)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1971)<br />

Glyphocrangon haematonotus<br />

e. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

f. sixth abdominal somite, lateral view<br />

(after Holthuis, 1971)

---

Family Glyphocrangonidae 279

---

to<br />

i<br />

•S3<br />

O<br />

«5T<br />

•s<br />

sr<br />

o<br />

"1<br />

CO<br />

3<br />

---

Infraorder Stenopodidea<br />

Family Stenopodidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Burukovskii, 1983]<br />

Family Stenopodidae 281<br />

1. Body depressed; telson broad and lanceolate or retangular, terminating in three or<br />

five spines of equal size (sometimes without terminal spinule); endopod of uropod<br />

with <strong>one</strong> median dorsal crest Microprosthema semilaeve<br />

Body compressed; telson elongated, tip terminating in two strong spines,<br />

sometimes with small spinule between them; endopod of uropod with two dorsal<br />

crests, median crest strong and inner <strong>one</strong> weaker with several dorsal hairs 2<br />

2. (1) Carapace and abdomen densely covered with uniformly distributed stout spines,<br />

sometimes arranged in longitudinal rows; spines hard and anteriorly directed;<br />

ischium of third maxilliped with outer spinules Sten opus<br />

Abdomen without dorsal spines, sometimes with spinules near lateral margins of<br />

pleura; carapace with spines along posterior margin of cervical groove, often in<br />

parallel rows; spines erect, anteriorly directed, and pressed to surface of carapace;<br />

ischium of third maxilliped without outer spinules Odontozona libertae<br />

Genus Stenopus Latreille, 1819<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1972]<br />

Rostrum unarmed ventrally; third abdominal somite without shield shaped boss;<br />

spines on terga of 3 posterior abdominal somites not arranged in transverse rows;<br />

scaphocerite unarmed laterally for considerable distance proximal to distolateral<br />

tooth and with 2 or 3 rows of spinules arising from dorsal surfaces .. S. hispidus<br />

Rostrum armed ventrally with 6 to 8 spines; third abdominal somite bearing lobate,<br />

shield-shaped boss on posteromesial part; spines on 3 posterior abdominal terga<br />

arranged in transverse rows; scaphocerite armed throughout distal two-thirds of<br />

lateral margin and without spinules on dorsal surface S. scutellatus

---

90<br />

to<br />

to<br />

3<br />

Stenopus scutellatus<br />

Stenopus hispidus<br />

3<br />

b. lateral view<br />

a. lateral view<br />

(after Limbaugh et al., 1961) g*<br />

(after Iimbaugh et al., 1961)<br />

Odontozona libertae<br />

Microprosthema semilaeve<br />

d. dorsal view (male holotype)<br />

c. scaphocerite, dorsal view<br />

(after Gore, 1981)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1946)

---

(/UJiHi«""n>i»„<br />

Family Stenopodidae 283<br />

O

---

GO-<br />

4^.<br />

•si;<br />

» -<br />

3;<br />

3<br />

a.

---

Infraorder Astacidea<br />

Family Nephropidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Holthuis, 1974]<br />

Family Nephropidae 285<br />

1. Eyes black, with pigment (carapace with longitudinal ridges behind cervical groove;<br />

series of lateral rostral spines extending backwards almost to cervical groove)<br />

Metanephrops binghami<br />

Eyes white, lacking pigment 2<br />

2. (1) Rostrum laterally compressed for <strong>large</strong>r part of its length, with dorsal and ventral<br />

but no lateral teeth; carapace with branchiostegal spine; body entirely covered by<br />

numerous closely placed and sharply pointed spinules; lateral margin of telson with<br />

6tol2spines Acanthacaris caeca<br />

Rostrum dorsoventrally depressed with lateral (and sometimes ventral) but without<br />

dorsal teeth; carapace without branchiostegal spine; body never uniformly covered<br />

with spinules, although granules may be present all over, or spinules may be placed<br />

on carapace; lateral margin of telson with at most 3 lateral spines; spines, if present,<br />

usually small and irregular Nephropsis aculeata

---

00<br />

<strong>as</strong><br />

Acanthacaris caeca g<br />

"9<br />

sr<br />

Metanephrops binghami<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

TEL<br />

»<br />

a<br />

b. dorsal view 3<br />

(after Manning, 1978)<br />

(after Manning, 1978)<br />

Nephropsis aculeate<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Manning, 1978)

---

Family Nephropidae 287

---

.00<br />

• 00<br />

65<br />

3<br />

at »<br />

•'58<br />

sr<br />

:-1<br />

-O<br />

'"2. ;<br />

S<br />

•»

---

Infraorder Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea<br />

Family Axiidae<br />

Key to species<br />

Family Axiidae 289<br />

First through third pereopods with no epipod and podobranch; dactyli of third<br />

through fifth pereopods biungulate; rostrum triangular, margins unarmed<br />

Coralaxius abelei<br />

First through third pereopods with epipod and podobranch; dactyli of third through<br />

fifth pereopods simple; rostrum triangular, margins dentate Axiopsis<br />

Genus Axiopsis Borradaile, 1903<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

1. No middorsal keel at posterior border of carapace A. serratifrons<br />

Middorsal keel at posterior border of carapace 2<br />

2. (1) Short middorsal trench present, extending from cervical groove; telson bearing<br />

median spine on posterior margin A. hirsutimana<br />

Short middorsal trench absent; telson without median spine on posterior margin<br />

A. oxypleura

---

Axiopsis hirsutimana w<br />

to<br />

g<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view =<br />

e. posterior margin of carapace and first three 5<br />

abdominal somites, lateral view a<br />

Axiopsis serratifrons<br />

a. anterior region of carapace, dorsal view<br />

(male)<br />

b. major cheliped (female)<br />

f. telson and uropods<br />

c. third and fourth abdominal pleura,<br />

lateral view (male)<br />

(after Boesch and Smally, 1972)<br />

(after De Man, 1925)<br />

Coralaxius abelei<br />

Axiopsis oxypleura<br />

j. dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

(after Kensley and Gore, 1981)<br />

g. lateral view<br />

h. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

i. telson and uropods<br />

(after Williams, 1974c)

---

Family Axiidae 291

---

SO<br />

><br />

a<br />

•••»

---

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from de Saint Laurent and Le Loeuff, 1979]<br />

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 293<br />

Dorsal surface of carapace with raised oval area; third maxilliped always lacking<br />

exopod or with exopod vestigial; uropodal exopod with antero-dorsal lobe; fifth<br />

pereopod chelate ., ...........2<br />

Dorsal surface of carapace without raised oval area; third maxilliped with or without<br />

exopod; fifth pereopod subchelate .'.. Gourretia latispina<br />

(1) Propodus of fourth pereopod without disto-ventral prominence; pleopods 1 and 2<br />

always reduced or absent in male; pleopods 3 to 5 with appendix interna projecting<br />

beyond mesial border of endopod; epipod of first maxilliped only slightly dilated<br />

ventrally Callian<strong>as</strong>sa<br />

Propodus of fourth pereopod almost always with disto-ventral prominence;<br />

pleopods 1 and 2 present in male; pleopods 3 to 5 with appendix interna recessed in<br />

endopod and not exceeding, or only slightly exceeding, mesial border; epipod of<br />

third maxilliped with acute anterior lobe; propodus of third maxilliped nearly always<br />

greatly dilated ventrally Callichirus

---

294 Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />

Genus Callian<strong>as</strong>sa ILeaeh, 1814<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Biffar, 1971a, with modification]<br />

1. Front with lateral spinous projections 2<br />

Front lacking lateral spinous projections ....5<br />

2. (1) Third maxilliped lacking strong spinous crest on mesial surface of ischium, series<br />

of small separate denticles; rostrum short, 0.25-0.33 times length of eyestalks<br />

(posterior margin of telson concave) C. gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga<br />

Strong spinous crest present on third maxilliped; rostrum usually more than 0.33<br />

times length of eyestalks (occ<strong>as</strong>ionally shorter in C. rathbunae) .... 3<br />

3. (2) Endopod of uropod elongate oval, twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide; telson widest midlaterally,<br />

generally rounded in outline, posterior margin convex or straight (length of<br />

eyestalks only 1.2-1.7 times width) —. C. acanthochirus<br />

Endopod of uropod rhomboid or subtriangular; telson widest in anterior third,<br />

trapezoidal 4<br />

4. (3) Posterior margin of telson with triangular median projection (rostrum almost <strong>as</strong><br />

long <strong>as</strong> eyestalks; endopod of uropod subtriangular) C. longiventris<br />

Posterior margin of telson lacking median projection (pigmented area of eyestalk<br />

lateral, small, covering about 0.1 of exposed dorsal surface of eyestalk, mediodistal<br />

projection acute or rounded, curving laterally; upper exopodal plate almost <strong>as</strong> long<br />

<strong>as</strong> lower) C. rathbunae<br />

5. (1) Rostrum triangular, rounded or acute, extending less than 0.25 length of eyestalks..<br />

6<br />

Rostrum elongate triangular, spinous or flattened dorsoventrally, acute, extending<br />

more than 0.25 length of eyestalks 10<br />

6. (5) Antennular peduncle extending beyond tip of antennal peduncle. 7<br />

Antennular peduncle not extending beyond ti]p of antennal peduncle.. 8<br />

7. (6) Posterior border of telson straight, with acute median projection; distomedial<br />

projection of eyestalks elongate, slender, curving laterally; length of third<br />

antennular segment five times length of second segment C. atlantica<br />

Posterior border of telson concave; tip of eyestalks with short rounded projection;<br />

length of third antennular segment three times length of second segment.,<br />

C. fragilis

---

8. (6) Propodus of third maxilliped less than two times width of dactylus.<br />

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 295<br />

'.... C. quadracuta<br />

Propodus of third maxilliped about four times width of dactylus .9<br />

9. (8) Lateral margin of telson trilobed C. trilobata<br />

Lateral margin of telson more or less smoothly rounded (posterior margin of telson<br />

inconspicuously convex or concave; distal margin of endopod of uropod quadrate;<br />

propodus of third pereopod short, extending posteriorly only <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> margin of<br />

carpus, length 1.5 times width) C. branneri<br />

10. (5) Antennular peduncle extending beyond tip of antennal peduncle... C. jamaicense<br />

Antennular peduncle not extending beyond tip of antennal peduncle 11<br />

11. (10) Ischium and merus of third maxilliped wide, combined length 1.1-1.4 times greatest<br />

width.... C. biformis<br />

Ischium and merus of third maxilliped narrow, combined length more than 2.0<br />

times greatest width .. C. marginata<br />

Genus Callichirus Stimpson, 1866<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Biffar, 1971a]<br />

Eyestalks shorter than first segment of antennular peduncle, terminating in short,<br />

subtriangular distal projections; telson widest midlaterally C. major<br />

Eyestalks extending beyond first antennular segment, distomedial projection of<br />

eyestalks elongate, curving laterally; telson widest in posterior third C. islagrande<br />

Key to <strong>large</strong> chelipeds of species of family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae (except for C. biformis)<br />

[Adapted from Biffar, 1971a]<br />

1. Superior and inferior margins of carpus ending distally in two acute prominences;<br />

superior margin of palm ending in acute prominence distally C. quadracuta<br />

Carpus otherwise, no second prominence on superior and inferior margins, distal<br />

margins usually rounded; margin of palm rounded distally 2<br />

2. (1) Ischium with midinferior projection, remainder of margin denticulate 3<br />

Ischium lacking midinferior projection, inferior margin serrate, denticulate,<br />

spinous, or entire 4

---

296 Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae<br />

3. (2) Projection on ischium denticulate, approximately <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> remainder of segment's<br />

width; inferior margin of merus inconspicuously serrate, without elongate<br />

projection Callichirus islagrande (male)<br />

Projection not denticulate, length approximately 0.2 times remainder of segment's<br />

width; merus with proximal inferior bifurcate projection, remainder of margin with<br />

several strong denticles C. jamaicense<br />

4. (2) Ischium with distinct inferior spines .5<br />

Ischium lacking distinct inferior spines 8<br />

5. (4) Merus and palm with two or three spines along superior margin<br />

...C acanthochirus<br />

Merus and palm lacking superior spines 6<br />

6. (5) Inferior margin of merus entire C. marginata<br />

Inferior margin of merus spinous or serrate. 7<br />

7. (6) Merus with 3-5 spines on proximal half of inferior margin, remainder of margin<br />

denticulate; ischium with numerous (7-9) spines on inferior margin; cutting edge of<br />

dactylusentire .. C. longiventris<br />

Merus with 7-12 spines plus acute serrations; ischium with 3-4 spines distally, acute<br />

serrations proximally; cutting edge of dactylus with median quadrate notch (male)<br />

or entire (female) C. rathbunae<br />

8. (4) Inferior margin of merus entire 9<br />

Inferior margin of merus serrate, spinous, or with some sort of proximal inferior<br />

projection , 10<br />

9. (8) Propodal finger with acute triangular tooth proximally; carpus less than 1.7 times<br />

length of palm... Callichirus major (female)<br />

Propodal finger serrate but lacking well-developed tooth; carpus more than 1.7 times<br />

length of palm Callichirus islagrande (female)<br />

10. (8) Proximal inferior corner of merus with spinous or robust spine like projection 11<br />

Proximal inferior projection, if present, quadrate or forming hook, not spinelike.. 12<br />

11. (10) Lateral surface of palm with 2-3 spines just proximal to b<strong>as</strong>e of propodal finger;<br />

projection on merus strong, bifurcate C. gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga<br />

Surface of palm lacking spines; distally curving spinous projection on merus,<br />

remainder of margin weakly serrate Gourretia latispina

---

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 297<br />

12. (10) Merus with broad, well-developed, proximal inferior hook, distal margin of hoc';<br />

concave, tip acute or subacute, remainder of margin weakly serrate 13<br />

Merus lacking hook, inferior margin serrate, spinous, or with quadrate proximal<br />

inferior projection . 15<br />

13. (12) Propodal notch extending proximally into palm; cutting edge of dactylus with three<br />

strong teeth; length of carpus less than 0.75 times length of palm C.fragilis (male)<br />

Propodal notch extending little or not at all into palm; dactylus lacking strong<br />

dentition; length of carpus greater than 0.75 times length of palm 14<br />

14. (13) Proximal inferior margin of carpus broadly rounded, extending proximally beyond<br />

level of superior articulation with merus; cutting edge of propodal finger serrate;<br />

proximal superior margin of merus elevated, denticulate, margin more or less<br />

straight; total length of carpus, palm, and dactylus in adults less than 15 mm<br />

C. fragilis (female)<br />

Proximal inferior margin of carpus rounded, not extending proximally beyond level<br />

of articulation; propodal finger serrate in proximal third only; superior margin of<br />

merus rounded, highest centrally; total length of carpus, palm, and dactylus in<br />

adults more than 20 mm C. atlantica<br />

15. (12) Merus with proximal inferior quadrate (may appear triangular) projection, inferior<br />

margin including projection serrate (carpus much —more than 1.25~longer than<br />

palm; propodal notch extending proximally into palm; dactylus hooked, with single<br />

rounded bifid tooth; propodal finger heavy, short, blunt at tip)<br />

Gallichirus ma jo r (m al e)<br />

Merus without distinct projection, inferior margin either convex and serrate or<br />

forming serrate keel 16<br />

16. (15) Carpus 0.33-0.67 times length of palm; palm subquadrate; dactylus heavy, with 2-<br />

3 strong teeth on cutting edge, acute at tip C. branneri<br />

Carpus 0.65-0.95 times length of palm; palm distinctly longer than wide; dactylus<br />

with two truncate teeth medially (male) or lacking strong dentition (female)<br />

C. trilobata

---

VO<br />

00<br />

"55<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus I<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view Q<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. third maxilliped 5<br />

Vt<br />

b. third maxilliped<br />

f. telson and right uropods £<br />

c. telson and left uropods<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathbunae<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris<br />

j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

k. third maxilliped<br />

h. telson and right uropods<br />

1. telson and left uropods<br />

i. third maxilliped<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)

---

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 299

---

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa fragilis<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

e. major cheliped (male)<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

f. telson and right uropods<br />

b. major (right) cheliped<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />

c. telson and left uropods<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 301

---

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilobata<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. third maxilliped<br />

b. third maxilliped<br />

f. telson and right uropods<br />

c. male second pleopod<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri<br />

male:<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

j. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

h. third maxilliped<br />

k. major cheliped<br />

i. telson and right uropods<br />

1. telson and uropods<br />

(after Biffar, 1971a)<br />

(after Schmitt, 1935b)

---

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 303

---

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa marginata<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

e. telson and right uropods<br />

b. third maxilliped<br />

f. third maxilliped<br />

c. major cheliped (male)<br />

(after Biffar, 1971b)<br />

(afterBiffar, 1971b)

---

Family Calliamissidae 305

---

Callichirus islagrande<br />

Callichirus major<br />

male:<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

o<br />

d. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

b. telson and uropods<br />

e. major cheliped<br />

c. major (right) cheliped<br />

f. telson and uropods<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Schmitt, 1935b)<br />

Gourretia latispina<br />

g. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

h. third maxilliped<br />

i. telson and right uropods<br />

(after Biffar, 1971b)

---

Family Callian<strong>as</strong>sidae 307

---

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00<br />

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S9<br />

to<br />

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to

---

Family Upogebiidae<br />

Genus Upogebia Leach, 1814<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Schmitt, 1935a]<br />

Family Upogebiidae 309<br />

Anterolateral border of carapace armed with small spine on level with eyes;<br />

immovable finger of chela shorter than movable finger U. affin is<br />

Anterolateral border of carapace not armed with spine in line with eyestalks;<br />

immovable finger of chela longer than movable finger U. operculata

---

Upogebia operculata<br />

Upogebia affinis<br />

d. anterior part of carapace, lateral view<br />

female:<br />

e. chela and carpus, left external view<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

.(after-Schmitt, 1935a)<br />

b. abdomen, lateral view<br />

c. chela and carpus, right external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Upogebiidae 311

---

"53<br />

3<br />

n<br />

cr<br />

a<br />

ts

---

Infraorder Palinura<br />

Family Palinuridae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Manning, 1978]<br />

Family Palinuridae 313<br />

First pair of pereopods en<strong>large</strong>d in males, ending in apparent (false) pincers, with<br />

wide, red cross bands; carapace ornamented with strong, scale-like sculpture; tail<br />

brick red, with 4 or 5 conspicuous transverse grooves on each segment and with<br />

yellowish spots and stripes Justitia longimanus<br />

First pair of pereopods not en<strong>large</strong>d, with no trace of pincer, without cross bands;<br />

carapace without scale-like sculpture; tail variously colored, smooth or with at most<br />

1 transverse groove (frontal horns over eyes very sharp; antennular flagella longer<br />

than peduncle) Panulirus<br />

Genus Panulirus White, 1847<br />

Key to species<br />

1. Each abdominal somite smooth, without complete transverse groove (antennular<br />

plate bearing 2 pairs of strong spines) P. laevicauda<br />

Each abdominal somite with complete transverse groove 2<br />

2. (1) Antennular plate bearing 2 pairs of strong spines; tail with 4 conspicuous yellow<br />

spots P. argus<br />

Antennular plate bearing <strong>one</strong> pair of strong spines; tail without 4 conspicuous<br />

yellow spots P. guttatus

---

4^<br />

w<br />

3<br />

Panulirus argus<br />

Panulirus laevicauda<br />

b. lateral view 3"<br />

e<br />

(after Williams, 1965a) &<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Manning, 1978)<br />

Justitia longimanus<br />

Panulirus guttatus<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Manning, 1978)<br />

(after Manning, 1978)

---

Family Palinuridae 315

---

316 Family Scyllaridae<br />

Family Scyllaridae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Manning, 1978]<br />

1. Carapace much broader than long, its sides very thin and cut into very <strong>large</strong>,<br />

flattened, triangular projections .. Parribacus antarcticus<br />

Carapace usually longer than broad, its sides not very thin, either smooth or<br />

denticulate 2<br />

2. (1) Front and usually lateral edges of antennae smooth or finely denticulate, not cut into<br />

<strong>large</strong> triangular projections; size <strong>large</strong> Scyllarides<br />

Front and lateral edges of antennae cut into distinct teeth; size small Scyllarus

---

1.<br />

2.(1)<br />

Genus Scyllarides Gill, 1898<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Lyons, 1970J<br />

Family Scyllaridae 317<br />

G<strong>as</strong>tric, cardiac, and branchial regions of carapace elevated, distinct; preg<strong>as</strong>tric and<br />

g<strong>as</strong>tric teeth prominent in pro<strong>file</strong>; second through fourth abdominal somites with<br />

median, node-like carina 5. nodifer<br />

G<strong>as</strong>tric, cardiac, and branchial regions of carapace low, not strongly defined;<br />

preg<strong>as</strong>tric and g<strong>as</strong>tric teeth not obvious in pro<strong>file</strong>; second through fourth abdominal<br />

somites low, rounded, without distinct carina S. aequinoctialis<br />

Genus Scyllarus Fabricius, 1775<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Lyons, 1970]<br />

G<strong>as</strong>tric and all lateral prominences on carapace sharp; second segment of antennular<br />

peduncle cylindrical; pleura of fourth abdominal somite sharply rectangular or acute<br />

laterally S. depressus<br />

Prominences on carapace blunt; second segment of antennular peduncle flattened<br />

superiorly; pleura of fourth abdominal somite rounded laterally 2<br />

Preg<strong>as</strong>tric tooth of carapace nearly always bilobed, incised; first to fourth<br />

abdominal somites with deep, narrow median notch in posterior margin<br />

..S. americanus<br />

Preg<strong>as</strong>tric tooth of carapace rounded, entire; first to fourth abdominal somites with<br />

very shallow, broad median notch in posterior margin S. chacei

---

00<br />

•=3<br />

Scyllatides nodifer Scyllarides aequinoctialis<br />

a. dorsal view b. dorsal view<br />

(after Manning, 1978) (after Manning, 1978)

---

Family Scyllaridae 319

---

Scyllarus americanus<br />

Scyllarus depressus<br />

b. dorsal view =<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a) f<br />

(after Felder, 1973)<br />

Parribacus antarcticus<br />

Scyllarus chacei<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Manning, 1978)<br />

(after Felder, 1973)

---

Family Scyllaridae 321

---

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---

Family Synaxiidae<br />

Genus Palinurellus Von Martens, 1881<br />

Family Synaxiidae 323<br />

Carapace entirely covered with small, rounded nodules and short hairs, but without<br />

en<strong>large</strong>d spines; small triangular rostrum present between eyes; antennae shorter<br />

than carapace, antennular flagella shorter than antennular peduncles; pereopods<br />

without true pincers, first pair not longer than, but at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> thick <strong>as</strong>, second<br />

[from Manning, 1978] P. gundlachi

---

£t<br />

•53<br />

3<br />

P<br />

Palinurellus gundlachi<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Manning, 1978)

---

Family Synaxiidae 325

---

Infraorder Anomura<br />

Family Coenobitidae<br />

Genus Coenobita Latreille, 1826<br />

[Adapted from Chace and Hobbs, 1969]<br />

Family Coenobitidae 327<br />

Eyestalks flattened on mesial surface; antennular peduncle five times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong><br />

eyestalks, flagellum blunt tipped; antennal peduncle originating below eyestalk;<br />

chelipeds unequal, left much <strong>large</strong>r than right, studded with closely appressed,<br />

dark-tipped spines; third left pereopod (second walking leg) with propodus and<br />

dactylus very broad, flattened, and smooth, with inferior margins rather sharp and<br />

obscurely serrate . C. clypeatus

---

328 Family Coenobitldae<br />

V<br />

73<br />

1<br />

s<br />

•?-<<br />

8<br />

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1

---

Family Coeno bitidae 329

---

330 Family Diogenidae<br />

Family Diogenidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Provenzano, 1959, with additions]<br />

1. Abdomen secondarily straightened for housing in rock cavities or sponges; chelae<br />

and distal segments of walking legs forming opercular face Cancellus<br />

Abdomen coiled for housing in g<strong>as</strong>tropod shells; chelae and distal segments of<br />

walking legs not forming opercular face , . 2<br />

2. (1) Paired appendages present on first two abdominal somites of male and on first<br />

somite only of female . Paguristes<br />

No paired appendages on anterior abdominal somites of either sex 3<br />

3. (2) Chelipeds similar and subequal; fingers moving horizontally 4<br />

Chelipeds dissimilar and unequal; fingers moving obliquely or nearly vertically ... 5<br />

4. (3) Finger tips spo<strong>one</strong>d; antennal flagellum long and not hairy Clibanarius<br />

Finger tips acuminate; antennal flagell um short and very hairy<br />

Isocheles wurdemanni<br />

5. (3) Chelipeds not markedly unequal, right slightly <strong>large</strong>r than left.<br />

Petrochirus diogenes<br />

Chelipeds markedly unequal, left much <strong>large</strong>r than right 6<br />

6. (5) Major palm tuberculate, with appressed setae ,. Dardanus<br />

Major palm smooth, without hairs Calcinus tibicen

---

Genus Cancellus H. Milne Edwards, 1836<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Mayo, 1973]<br />

Family Diogenidae 331<br />

Ocular scale with more than <strong>one</strong> terminal tooth or spine; fifth coxal segments of<br />

male flattened; overall color of live or recently preserved specimens green<br />

C. viridis<br />

Ocular scale with <strong>one</strong> triangular tooth; fifth coxal segments of male concave and<br />

expanded; overall color cream with purple, dark red, or brown C. ornatus<br />

Genus Clibanarius Dana, 1851<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Provenzano, 1959]<br />

1. Dactyli of walking legs shorter than propodi 2<br />

Dactyli of walking legs not shorter than propodi 3<br />

2. (1) Legs with broad longitudinal light stripe on dark background C. antillensis<br />

Legs without any longitudinal stripes, instead banded with orange at proximal ends<br />

of propodi and dactyli; dominant color blue C. tricolor<br />

3. (1) Propodi with dark stripe laterally, bordered on each side by light stripe of similar<br />

width C. cubensis<br />

Propodi with 4 thin light stripes laterally, separated by broad dark stripes<br />

C. vittatus

---

332 Family Diogenidae<br />

Genus Dardanus Paulson, 1875<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984, with addition]<br />

1. Propodus of third left pereopod (second left walking leg) not hairy, without lateral<br />

longitudinal ridge or groove; rugae arranged in herringb<strong>one</strong> pattern ... D. insignis<br />

Propodus of third left pereopod conspicuously hairy, with lateral longitudinal ridge<br />

paralleled by groove; ridge crossed by rugae 2<br />

2. (1) Dactylus of third left pereopod with shallow ventral groove; cornea widely rounded<br />

D. fucosus<br />

Dactylus of third left pereopod without shallow ventral groove; cornea barely<br />

expanded, convex D. venosus

---

Genus Paguristes Dana, 1852<br />

Family Diogenidae 333<br />

Key to species<br />

| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Provenzano, 1959, and McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a]<br />

1. Rostrum broadly rounded or pointed, but not advanced beyond level of lateral<br />

projections on front of anterior shield of carapace 2<br />

Rostrum slender and definitely advanced beyond level of lateral projections on front<br />

of anterior shield of carapace 6<br />

2. (1) Eye scales adjacent, ending in more than 1 terminal spine P. hummi<br />

Eye scales separated, ending in acuminate tip 3<br />

3. (2) Anterolateral sides of anterior shield of carapace definitely spiny 4<br />

Anterolateral sides of anterior shield of carapace not spiny. 5<br />

4. (3) Cornea narrow and tapering anteriorly to blunt point; anterolateral sides of anterior<br />

shield of carapace with about 3 transverse rows of spinules; second antennal<br />

segment with two spines on anterior margin, <strong>one</strong> on each side of b<strong>as</strong>e of antennal<br />

acicle ..P. oxyophthalmus<br />

Cornea broad and not tapering anteriorly; anterolateral sides of anterior shield of<br />

carapace roughened by scattered spiny granules; second antennal segment with<br />

several spines on lateral margin P. lymani<br />

5. (3) Rostrum very poorly developed, obtusely triangular or broadly rounded, or often<br />

obsolete P. laticlavus<br />

Rostrum short, obtusely pointed, slightly less advanced than more acute lateral<br />

projections P. moorei<br />

6. (1) Anterior shield of carapace not noticeably longer than broad 7<br />

Anterior shield of carapace noticeably longer than broad 12<br />

7. (6) Antennular peduncles extending beyond eyestalks 8<br />

Antennular peduncles not extending beyond eyestalks 9<br />

8. (7) Dorsal surface of carapace with numerous small spines or spinules and tufts of<br />

setae laterally P. inconstans<br />

Dorsal surface of carapace hairy towards sides P. triangulatus<br />

9. (7) Upper surface of hands of chelipeds with hairs inconspicuous, not obscuring<br />

spines .. 10<br />

Upper surface of hands of chelipeds with hairs conspicuous, at le<strong>as</strong>t obscuring<br />

surface 11

---

334 Family Diogenidae<br />

10. (9) Fifth antennal segment bearing 3 spines on b<strong>as</strong>al part of outer margin; antennal<br />

acicle with 2-3 spines on inner margin P. grayi<br />

Fifth antennal segment bearing 2 spines on b<strong>as</strong>al part of outer margin; antennal<br />

acicle with no spines on inner margin P. erythrops<br />

11. (9) Antennal peduncles slightly exceeding acicles P. sericeus<br />

Antennal peduncles reaching just beyond middle of eyestalks P. puncticeps<br />

12. (6) Antennal peduncle not overreaching middle of eyestalks P. spinipes<br />

Antennal peduncle overreaching middle of eyestalks 13<br />

13. (12) Rostrum slender, its sides parallel from b<strong>as</strong>e to near acute tip 14<br />

Rostrum broad at b<strong>as</strong>e, its sides converging to tip 15<br />

14. (13) Terminal segment of antennal peduncle armed with two spines; carapace triangular<br />

in shape in dorsal view ...P. tenuirostris<br />

Terminal segment of antennal peduncle without spines; carapace rectangular in<br />

shape in dorsal view P. cadenati<br />

15. (13) Shield with dorsolateral surface and margins unarmed or with very few, minute<br />

spinules 16<br />

Shield with dorsolateral surface and margins armed with numerous small spines or<br />

spinulose tubercles 19<br />

16. (15) Dorsal margins of meriof chelipeds unarmed ..P. hernancortezi<br />

Dorsal margins of meri of chelipeds with spinules or spinulose protuberances 17<br />

17. (16) Rostrum greatly exceeding lateral projections, slender, acute, strongly depressed<br />

distally, terminating in small spine P. anomalus<br />

Rostrum considerably exceeding lateral projections, terminating acutely or<br />

subacutely but not in a small spine 18<br />

18. (17) Fifth antennal segment with two dorsal spines P. w<strong>as</strong>si<br />

Fifth antennal segment with few tufts of short setae, with no spines<br />

.....P. lim<strong>one</strong>nsis<br />

19. (15) Chelipeds virtually devoid of setae. P. starcki<br />

Chelipeds covered with tufts of short, plumose setae 20

---

Family Diogenidae 335<br />

20. (19) Dorsomesial margins of carpi of chelipeds with 4 or 5 strong spines; ocular<br />

peduncles with distinct, often irregular dark bands distally (brood pouch of female<br />

<strong>large</strong>, subovate or subquadrate) P. torlugae<br />

Dorsomesial margins of carpi of chelipeds with 6 or more moderately small spines;<br />

ocular peduncles without distinct dark bands distally (brood pouch of female very<br />

small, subtriangular) P. invisisacculus

---

Cancellus ornatus<br />

Cancellus viridis<br />

male:<br />

holotype male:<br />

c. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior region, dorsal view<br />

d. left third pereopod<br />

b. fifth coxal segments<br />

e. left cheliped, lateral view<br />

(after Mayo, 1973)<br />

(after Mayo, 1973)

---

Family Diogenidae 337

---

00<br />

Clibanarius tricolor<br />

Clibanarius antillensis<br />

b. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal 2<br />

view «g<br />

3<br />

(after Benedict, 1901) g<br />

a. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal view<br />

(after Benedict, 1901)<br />

Clibanarius vittatus<br />

Clibanarius cubensis<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

c. walking leg<br />

e. third pereopod<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1959)

---

Family Diogenidae 339

---

Dardanus fucosus<br />

Dardanus insignis<br />

3<br />

b. anterior part, dorsal view (male)<br />

a. anterior part, dorsal view (male)<br />

c. lateral view of third left pereopod (holotype male)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

d. lateral view of major chela (holotype male)<br />

e. ventral view of dactylus of third pereopod<br />

(holotype male)<br />

(b, after Williams, 1984; c-e, after Biffar and<br />

Provenzano, 1972)<br />

Dardanus venosus<br />

lectotype male:<br />

f. eyestalks<br />

g. lateral view of third left pereopod<br />

h. lateral view of major chela<br />

i. ventral view of dactylus of third pereopod<br />

(after Biffar and Provenzano, 1972)

---

Family Diogenidae 341

---

Paguristes oxyophthalmus<br />

Paguristes hummi<br />

b. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body and chelipeds, dorsal view<br />

c. cheliped<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1959)<br />

Paguristes laticlavus<br />

Paguristes lymani<br />

male:<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

e. right chela and carpus, external view<br />

g. left chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974b)

---

Family Diogenidae 343

---

Paguristes inconstans<br />

Paguristes moorei<br />

holotype male:<br />

holotype female:<br />

c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

d. left cheliped, lateral view<br />

b. right chela and carpus, external view<br />

(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974b)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Paguristes grayi<br />

Paguristes triangulatus<br />

g. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal<br />

view<br />

e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

f. right chela and carpus, external view<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Diogenidae 345

---

ON<br />

Paguristes sericeus 1<br />

Paguristes erythrops<br />

c. anterior part of body, dorsal view 2<br />

w<br />

d. right chela and carpus, external view E.<br />

CL<br />

holotype female:<br />

a. cheliped<br />

(after WilHams, 1965a)<br />

b. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

(after Holthuis, 1959)<br />

Paguristes spinipes<br />

Paguristes puncticeps<br />

f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

e. anterior part of body and pereopods, dorsal view<br />

g. right chela and carpus, external view<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Diogenidae 347

---

00<br />

Paguristes cadenati |<br />

Paguristes tenuirostris<br />

b. anterior part of body, dorsal view G<br />

s*<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

(after Benedict, 1901)<br />

c. left cheliped g<br />

d. left third pereopod »<br />

(after Forest, 1954)<br />

Paguristes anomalus<br />

Paguristes hernancortezi<br />

male:<br />

holotype male:<br />

g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

h. left cheliped, mesial view<br />

f. left cheliped, mesial view<br />

(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a)<br />

(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a)

---

=1<br />

Family Diogenidae 349

---

Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis<br />

Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si<br />

c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

holotype male:<br />

d. left cheliped, lateral view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974b)<br />

b. left third pereopod, lateral view<br />

(after Provenzano, 1961)<br />

Paguristes tortugae<br />

Paguristes starcki<br />

male:<br />

holotype male:<br />

g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

h. left cheliped, mesial view<br />

f. left chela, dorsal view<br />

(after McLaughlin and Provenzan, 1974a)<br />

(after Provenzano, 1965)

---

Family Diogenidae 351<br />

c^

---

Ccdcinus tibicen<br />

Paguristes invisisacculus<br />

c. anterior part of body and pereopods,<br />

dorsal view<br />

holotype male:<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

b. left cheliped, mesial view<br />

(after McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974a)<br />

Petrochirus diogenes<br />

hocheles wurdemanni<br />

female:<br />

d. anterior part of body and chelipeds, dorsal view<br />

e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

f. right chela and carpus, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

-..^a;=:—..<br />

Family Diogenidae 353

---

354 Family Diogenidae

---

Family Lithodidae<br />

Genus Paralomis White, 1856<br />

Family Lithodidae 355<br />

G<strong>as</strong>tric region with no spines; carapace with strong lateral spines; lateral cardiac<br />

furrows not meeting posteriorly; median rostral spine with no central tooth; walking<br />

legs moderately compressed [from Chace, 1939] P. cubensis

---

356 Family Lithodidae<br />

•52<br />

I<br />

55<br />

£<br />

<br />

13<br />

.e<br />

o<br />

T3<br />

(D<br />

O<br />

Ctf<br />

OH<br />

F*<br />

&<br />

O<br />

CO<br />

T-H<br />

CN<br />

<br />

& on<br />

t-H<br />

M<br />

---

Family Lithodidae 357

---

358 Family Lithodldae

---

Family Paguridae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on McLaughlin, 1981a, and Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Paguridae 359<br />

1. Form cancriform; 10 pairs of gills present Ostraconotus spatulipes<br />

Form not cancriform; 11 or 13 pairs of gills present 2<br />

2. (1) Ischium of third maxilliped without mesioventral accessory spine near anterior end<br />

of mesial dentate crest Iridopagurus<br />

Ischium of third maxilliped with mesioventral accessory spine near anterior end of<br />

mesial dentate crest 3<br />

3. (2) Paired pleopods on first abdominal somite of male (next four somites have<br />

unequally biramous appendage on left side).... Tomopaguropsis problematica<br />

No paired appendages on first abdominal somite in male 4<br />

4. (3) Sexual tube well developed in male 5<br />

No sexual tube in male 7<br />

5. (4) Right tube long, filiform at extremity Nematopaguroides pusillus<br />

Right tube not filiform at its extremity 6<br />

6. (5) Tube directed toward exterior (laterally) turning dorsally over anterior part of<br />

abdomen; chelipeds very unequal; third pereopods of right and left sides similar<br />

Catapagurus sharrei<br />

Tube directed laterally, not turned over abdomen; chelipeds subequal; third<br />

pereopod of left side modified Solenopagurus lineatus<br />

7. (4) No paired pleopods on first abdominal somite of female (except P. piercei)<br />

Pagurus<br />

Paired pleopods on first abdominal somite of female 8<br />

8. (7) Thirteen pairs of gills present Pylopaguropsis atlantica<br />

Eleven pairs of gills present 9<br />

9. (8) Propodi of fourth pereopods with single row of scales 10<br />

Propodi of fourth pereopods with two or more rows of scales 13<br />

10. (9) Uropods symmetrical or nearly so Pylopagurus discoidalis<br />

Uropods markedly <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical 11

---

360 Famity Paguridae<br />

11. (10) Spines of chelae with b<strong>as</strong>al rosettes Rh&dochirus rdsaceiis<br />

Spines of chelae without b<strong>as</strong>al rosettes... ...............12<br />

12. (11) Dactylus and immovable finger of left chela "spoon-shaped"........ toniopaguriis<br />

Dactylus and immovable finger of left chela not "spoon-shaped" (right chela<br />

operculate; preungual process present) Phimochirus<br />

13. (9) Uropods symmetrical or nearly so, with protopods produced posteriorly,<br />

Agaricochirus<br />

Uropods markedly <strong>as</strong>ymmetrical, with protopods not produced posteriorly. 14<br />

14.(13) Left chela triangular in cross-section, dactylus and immovable finger not<br />

dorsoventrally flattened AhisopagUrus<br />

Left chela not triangular in cross-section, dactylus and immovable finger<br />

dorsoventrally flattened..... Manucomplanus corattihus

---

Genus Agaricochirus McLaughlin, 1981<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from McLaughlin, 1982]<br />

Family Paguridae 361<br />

1. Tergite of fifth abdominal somite with distinct patch of short, stiff setae (anterior<br />

lobe of sternite of third pereopods well developed, subquadrate)<br />

A. gibbosimanus<br />

Tergite of fifth abdominal somite without distinct patch of short, stiff setae 2<br />

2. (1) Dorsolateral margin of carpus of right cheliped with row of strong spines, at le<strong>as</strong>t<br />

distally ...A. alexandri<br />

Dorsolateral margin of carpus of right cheliped with row of low protuberances or<br />

unarmed... 3<br />

3. (2) Dorsal surface of dactylus of right cheliped with longitudinal ridge of broad<br />

tubercles; margins of mushroom-shaped tubercles unarmed A. boletifer<br />

Dorsal surface of dactylus of right cheliped with longitudinal rows of simple<br />

tubercles; margins of mushroom-shaped tubercles armed with tiny spines<br />

..A. acanthinus<br />

Genus Anisopagurus McLaughlin, 1981<br />

Key to species<br />

Eye scales armed with 4-5 spines on medial margin A. pygmaeus<br />

Eye scales with apical spine A. bartletti

---

362 Family Paguridae<br />

Genus Iridopagurus De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966<br />

Key to species<br />

[From McLaughlin, personal communication]<br />

1. Distodorsal margin of merus of left cheliped with strong spine ...../. iris<br />

Distodorsal margin of fnerus of left cheliped glabrous ... 2<br />

2. (1) Chelipeds with dense patch of setae on dorsolateral distal surface of palm and<br />

proximal surface of immovable finger /. caribbensis<br />

Chelipeds without dense patch of setae on dorsolateral distal surface of palm and<br />

immovable finger 3<br />

3. (2) Right chela with row of spines on dorsomesial margin and dorsal midline<br />

proximally; 4th pereopod with preungual process /. globulus<br />

Right chela with numerous irregular rows of spines on dorsal surface; 4th pereopod<br />

without preungual process 4<br />

4. (3) Chelae with palms ovate, dorsal surfaces with reticulated color pattern; dactyli of<br />

2nd and 3rd pereopods with 3-8 corneous spinules on inferior margins<br />

/. reticulatus<br />

Chelae with palms subrectangular, dorsal surfaces with colored band across fingers<br />

proximally; dactyli of 2nd and 3rd pereopods with 8-12 corneous spinules on<br />

inferior margins /. violaceus<br />

Genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Lematre et al., 1982, and Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Ocular acicles with several terminal submarginal or marginal spines 2<br />

Ocular acicles with single terminal submarginal spine (rarely 1 or 2 accessory mesial<br />

marginal spinules) 4<br />

2. (1) Chelae with short setae forming dense mat-like covering on dorsal surfaces.<br />

..P. provenzanoi<br />

Chelae glabrous or with short to long setae, but setae not forming dense mat-like<br />

covering on dorsal surfaces 3

---

Family Paguridae 363<br />

3. (2) Left chela with longitudinal row of moderately strong or strong spines in proximity<br />

to dorsolateral margin; antennal flagella with setae less than 1 article in length<br />

P. brevidactylus<br />

Left chela without longitudinal row of moderately strong or strong spines in<br />

proximity to dorsolateral margin; antennal flagella with setae 1-2 articles in length ....<br />

P. carolinensis<br />

4. (1) Width of major chela at le<strong>as</strong>t length (except P. maclaughlinae) 5<br />

Width of major chela less than length (except P. maclaughlinae) 7<br />

5. (4) Dactylus of major chela with sharply produced angle on mesial margin<br />

...P. pollicaris<br />

Dactylus of major chela without sharply produced angle on mesial margin 6<br />

6. (5) Chelipeds with palms dented on dorsal surfaces, covered with small, closely<br />

crowded granules P. impressus<br />

Palm of major chela bearing irregular rows of spines on dorsal surface; palm of<br />

minor chela bearing single or double rows of spines on dorsal midline<br />

P. maclaughlinae<br />

I. (4) Rostrum distinct, usually produced <strong>as</strong> small lobe P. marshi<br />

Rostrum not distinct or produced <strong>as</strong> small lobe 8<br />

8. (7) Antennal flagella with long, usually uniformly paired setae, 3-8 articles in length, at<br />

le<strong>as</strong>t every second article proximally 9<br />

Antennal flagella with short, or irregularly short and long, not uniformly paired,<br />

setae over entire length 11<br />

9. (8) Dactyli of pereopods without row of corneous spines on inferior margins (rarely<br />

with 1-3 minute spinules) P. gymnodactylus<br />

Dactyli of pereopods with row of corneous spines on inferior margins 10<br />

10. (9) Antennal flagella short, not overreaching left chela; carpus of 2nd right pereopod<br />

with dorsal row of spines P. annulipes<br />

Antennal flagella long, overreaching right chela; carpus of 2nd right pereopod<br />

without dorsal row of spines, rarely 1 or 2 spines in <strong>large</strong> individuals (shield length<br />

2.5 mm) P. criniticornis<br />

II. (8) Palm of small (left) chela triangular in cross section, upper surface divided by<br />

longitudinal ridge into 2 obliquely sloping facets .12<br />

Palm of small (left) chela not triangular in cross section, either oval or flattened... 13

---

364 Family Paguridae<br />

12. (11) Eyestalks moderately to noticeably stout with definitely dilated corne<strong>as</strong>; minor<br />

chela simply ornamented dorsally with numerous rounded, slightly appressed to<br />

spiniformtubercles ....P. politus<br />

Eyestalks slender, curved slightly outward, cornea only very slightly dilated; major<br />

chela with prominent, sometimes strongly elevated median single or double rows of<br />

spines . P. stirnpsoni<br />

13. (11) Eye scales triangular; eyestalks equally swollen at b<strong>as</strong>e and cornea; rostrum obtuse<br />

but definitely exceeding obsolescent lateral projections; major chela 3 or more times<br />

longer than wide P. piercei<br />

Eye scales rounded distally; eyestalks with cornea dilated, broader than b<strong>as</strong>e;<br />

rostrum obtuse but about equalling lateral projections; major chela 2.5 (or less)<br />

times longer than wide 14<br />

14. (13) Chelipeds subcylindrical, relatively smooth on lateral surface; palm lightly crested<br />

and minutely dentate along lateral margin, dorsal surface minutely granulate and<br />

with 2 incomplete rows of subspinous tubercles and scattered smaller <strong>one</strong>s; dorsal<br />

surface of eye scale shallowly excavated P. longicdrpus<br />

Chelipeds not subcylindrical, relatively spiny on lateral surface and setose; palm<br />

with more or less diagonal rows of spines oil dorsal surface and with irregularly but<br />

closely set plates near b<strong>as</strong>e of immovable finger and occ<strong>as</strong>ionally on dactylus, spine<br />

or tubercle usually arising from center of each plate; not shallowly excavated on<br />

dorsal surface P. defehsus

---

Genus Phimochirus McLaughlin, 1981<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from McLaughlin, 1981b]<br />

Family Paguridae 365<br />

1. Palm of right chela with dorsal tuberculate median ridge formed by shallow mesial<br />

and lateral depressions P. randalli<br />

Palm of right chela without dorsal tuberculate median ridge formed by shallow<br />

mesial and lateral depressions 2<br />

2. (1) Dorsal surface of palm and immovable finger of right chela with strong or<br />

moderately strong tubercles, at le<strong>as</strong>t distally (exopod of left uropod without dense<br />

tuft of long setae) P. holthuisi<br />

Dorsal surface of palm and immovable finger of right chela smooth, granular, or<br />

weakly tuberculate 3<br />

3. (2) Dorsal surface of carpus of right cheliped unarmed P. leurocarpus<br />

Dorsal surface of carpus of right cheliped tuberculate, spinose, or spinulose (palm<br />

of left chela with dorsomedial row of small spines or tubercles extending to b<strong>as</strong>e of<br />

dactylus) , P. operculatus<br />

Genus Tomopagurus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from McLaughlin, 1981a]<br />

1. First antennal segment with prominent, often hooked, lateral spine 2<br />

First antennal segment without prominent, often hooked, lateral spine 4<br />

2. (1) Propodus and dactylus of left third pereopod with lateral faces densely setose 3<br />

Propodus and dactylus of left third pereopod with lateral faces not densely setose....<br />

T. rubropunctatus<br />

3. (2) Carpus of right second pereopod with <strong>one</strong> spine on dorsal margin T. cokeri<br />

Carpus of right second pereopod with more than <strong>one</strong> spine on dorsal margin<br />

T. w<strong>as</strong>si<br />

4. (1) Dorsal surface of right chela with prominent acute spines T. cubensis<br />

Dorsal surface of right chela with spinulose or blunt tubercles (carpus of second<br />

right pereopod with <strong>one</strong> or two strong spines on dorsal margin distally) 7V chac.pi

---

Agaricochirus' alexanari<br />

Agaricochirus gibbosimanus<br />

c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

d. right chela, dorsal view<br />

b. right chela, dorsal view<br />

e. left chela and anterior portion of carpus,<br />

dorsal view<br />

(a, after McLaughlin, 1982; b, after A. Milne Edwards<br />

andBouvier, 1893)<br />

(c, after McLaughlin, 1982; d, e, after A.<br />

Mine Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

Agaricochirus• acanthinus<br />

Agaricochirus boletifer<br />

h. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

i. right chela, dorsal view<br />

g. right chela, dorsal view<br />

(after McLaughlin, 1982)<br />

(f, after McLaughlin, 1982; g, after A. Milne Edwards<br />

andBouvier, 1893)

---

Family Paguridae 367<br />

•i-> I i_

---

00<br />

3<br />

is<br />

TO<br />

Ajmcpagums itartletti<br />

Anisopagurus pygmaeus<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body and cheHpeds, dorsal view<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)

---

Family Paguridae 369

---

©<br />

Iridopagurus earibbensis<br />

Iridopagurus iris<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view »<br />

G<br />

"1<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

b. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

e. right cheliped, dorsal view S<br />

c. left second pereopod, inner face<br />

f. left second pereopod, inner face<br />

(after De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966)<br />

(after De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966)<br />

Iridopagurus reticulatus<br />

Iridopagurus globulus<br />

j. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

holotype male:<br />

k. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

1. right second pereopod, lateral view<br />

h. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Garcia-Gomez, 1983)<br />

i. left second pereopod, inner face<br />

(after De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966)

---

J ^<br />

Family Paguridae 371<br />

i i

---

f<br />

a<br />

Iridopagurus violaceus<br />

holotype female:<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

b. right chelipedj dorsal view<br />

c. left second pereopod, inner face<br />

(after De Saint Laurent-Deehanc6,1966)

---

Family Paguridae 373

---

Pagurus brevidactylus<br />

Pagurus provenzanoi<br />

male:<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

b. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

c. left cheliped, dorsal view (female)<br />

(after McLaughlin, 1975)<br />

(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)<br />

Pagurus pollicaris<br />

Pagurus carolinensis<br />

female:<br />

male:<br />

h. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

i. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

g. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after McLaughlin, 1975)

---

C<br />

0) u<br />

h H<br />

..j-vT-T'^fNTv/-<br />

Family Paguridae 375

---

Pagurus maclaughlinae<br />

Pagurus impressus<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

f. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

b. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Garcfa-Gomez, 1982)<br />

c. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Pagurus gymnodactylus<br />

Pagurus marshi<br />

h. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

g. anterior part of body and chelipeds, dorsal view<br />

i. right second pereopod, mesial view<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

j. antennal flagellum, lateral view<br />

(after Lemaitre, 1982)

---

__ ]<br />

Family Paguridae 377

---

00<br />

Pagurus criniticornis g<br />

|<br />

male: cr<br />

Pagurus annulipes<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view on<br />

b. carpus of right second pereopod (male, shield<br />

length, 1.3 mm)<br />

e. second pereopod, lateral view §*<br />

(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)<br />

c. carpus of right second pereopod (male, shield<br />

length, 2.5 mm)<br />

(after Lemaitre, 1982)<br />

Pagurus stimpsoni<br />

Pagurus politus<br />

i. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

j. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963, <strong>as</strong> P. hendersoni)<br />

g. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

h. left cheliped dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

i i<br />

Family Paguridae 379

---

Pagurus piercei<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

b. major chela, dorsal view<br />

(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

Pagurus defensus<br />

Pagurus longicarpus<br />

female:<br />

male:<br />

f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

g. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

& right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Paguridae 381<br />

•4 h

---

Phimochirus holthuisi<br />

Phimochirus randalli<br />

c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

d. major chela, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

b. major chela, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

(c, after McLaughlin, 1981b; d,<br />

after Provenzano, 1961)<br />

(a, after McLaughlin, 1981b; b, after Provenzano, 1961)<br />

Phimochirus operculatus<br />

Phimochirus leurocarpus<br />

g. anterior part of body and pereopods<br />

e. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

(after Provenzano, 1959)<br />

f. right cheliped, lateral view<br />

(after Mclaughlin, 198 lb)

---

Family Paguridue 383

---

4*.<br />

Tomopagurus cokeri g<br />

Tomopagurus rubropunctatus<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

65<br />

OR)<br />

C<br />

a<br />

e. right chela and carpus, dorsal view<br />

b. major chela, dorsal view<br />

f. second right pereopod<br />

c. third right pereopod<br />

(after McLaughlin, 1981a)<br />

(a, after McLaughlin, 1981a; b, c, after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963,<br />

<strong>as</strong> Pagurus rubrolineatus)<br />

Tomopagurus cubensis<br />

Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si<br />

j. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

k. major chela, dorsal view<br />

h. third left pereopod<br />

1. second left pereopod<br />

i. second right pereopod<br />

(a, after McLaughlin, 1981a; b, c, after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

(after McLaughlin, 1981a)

---

Family Paguridae 385

---

Catapagurus sharrei<br />

Tomopagurus chacei<br />

c. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

d. thorax and sexual tube, ventral view<br />

b. major chela, dorsal view<br />

e. left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(a, after McLaughlin, 1981a; b, after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

f. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)<br />

Nematopaguroides pusillus<br />

Manucomplanus corallinus<br />

i. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

g. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

j. chela and carpus of right cheliped, dorsal<br />

view<br />

h. right chela, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

k. thorax and sexual tubes, ventral view<br />

(after Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967)

---

Family Paguridae 387

---

Pylopaguropsis atlantica<br />

Ostraconotus spatulipes<br />

b. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

c. chela, carpus, and merus of major cheliped<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893)<br />

(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

Rhodochirus rosaceus<br />

Pylopagurus discoidalis<br />

f. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

g. right chela, dorsal view<br />

e. right chela, dorsal view, showing color pattern<br />

h. telson<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Paguridae 389

---

Tomopaguropsis problematica<br />

Solenopagurus lineatus<br />

d. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view<br />

e. chela and carpus of right cheliped, dorsal<br />

view<br />

b. third pereopod<br />

c. sexual tube extending over abdomen<br />

f. chela and carpus of left cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Paguridae 391

---

U><br />

•=3<br />

!<br />

»<br />

org<br />

e<br />

2#<br />

a<br />

Si

---

Family Chirostylidae<br />

Genus Uroptychus Henderson, 1888<br />

Family Chirostylidae 393<br />

Carapace broader than long, with lateral margins dentate or spinose; g<strong>as</strong>tric region<br />

with no spines; cornea much smaller than eyestalk (J. armalus

---

£»<br />

3<br />

i<br />

I<br />

I<br />

Uroptyckus armatus<br />

a. anterior part of body, dorsal view (male)<br />

b. merus and ischium of left third maxilliped<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897)<br />

! [

---

Family ( liirostylidae 395

---

396 Family Chirostylidae

---

Family Galatheidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| Adapted from Chace, 1942b|<br />

Family (Salathcidae 397<br />

1. Integument hard, well calcified; transverse ciliated lines on carapace feeble or<br />

absent; exopod of first maxilliped without l<strong>as</strong>h Munidopsis<br />

Integument pliable, not strongly calcified; well developed transverse ciliated lines<br />

on carapace; exopod of first maxilliped with simple l<strong>as</strong>h 2<br />

2. (1) Rostrum triangular and flattened or concave above Galathea rostrata<br />

Rostrum not triangular with long, slender spine (side walls of carapace not visible<br />

in dorsal view).. .. Munida<br />

Genus Munida Leach, 1820<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace, 1942b]<br />

1. Posterior margin of carapace unarmed; no median spines on cardiac region 2<br />

Ridge along posterior margin of carapace armed with spines; <strong>one</strong> or more median<br />

spines on cardiac region 11<br />

2. (1) Rostral spines armed laterally with distinct spinules M. spinifrons<br />

Rostral spine not distinctly spinose on margins 3<br />

3. (2) Inner terminal spine of b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle much shorter than<br />

outer <strong>one</strong> 4<br />

Inner terminal spine of b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle nearly or quite twice<br />

<strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> outer <strong>one</strong> 7<br />

4. (3) Intermediate spines present between <strong>large</strong> g<strong>as</strong>tric pair situated directly behind<br />

supraoculars 5<br />

No intermediate spines between <strong>large</strong> g<strong>as</strong>tric pair 6<br />

5. (4) No spines on dorsal surface of triangular area of carapace behind anterior branch of<br />

cervical groove M. miles<br />

One or two spines on each triangular area between branches of cervical groove, and<br />

widely separated pair behind posterior branch of cervical groove, <strong>one</strong> on either side<br />

of cardiac region M. sanctipauli

---

398 Family Galatheidae<br />

6. (4) Supraocular spines extending beyond eyes; second and third abdominal somites<br />

armed with spines ...M. valida<br />

Supraocular spines not reaching <strong>as</strong> far <strong>as</strong> eyes; third abdominal somite unarmed<br />

M. forceps<br />

7. (3) Usually two or more spines on ridge behind cervical groove 8<br />

No spines on ridge behind cervical groove 10<br />

8. (7) Abdominal somites unarmed (two to four spines on ridge behind cervical groove)...<br />

M. irr<strong>as</strong>a<br />

Second abdominal somite armed with spinules 9<br />

9. (8) Supraocular spines reaching to or beyond cornea; medium-sized to <strong>large</strong> species<br />

M. iris iris<br />

Supraocular spines not reaching to cornea; very small species M. pusilla<br />

10. (7) Second abdominal somite usually armed with few spinules M. angulata<br />

Abdominal somites unarmed (spine at anterolateral angle of carapace long, followed<br />

by six small lateral spines) .fit. simplex<br />

11. (1) Rostral spine slightly shorter than supraocular spines fit. longipes<br />

Rostral spine distinctly longerthan supraoculars 12<br />

12. (11) Transverse striae of carapace armed with many small spinules; posterior margin of<br />

carapace armed with six to fifteen spines; b<strong>as</strong>al joint of antennular peduncle with<br />

from three to five lateral spines in addition to terminal pair; thoracic sternum with<br />

small marginal spine at insertion of each appendage fit. affinis<br />

Transverse striae of carapace at most tuberculate or beaded; posterior margin of<br />

carapace armed with two to six spines; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennular peduncle with<br />

no or two lateral spines in addition to terminal pair; thoracic sternum unarmed<br />

(strong median spine on posterior portion of fourth abdominal somite; supraocular<br />

spines reaching to distal margin of cornea or beyond; transverse striae on carapace<br />

very numerous, discontinuous and obscure) fit. stimpsoni

---

Genus Munidopsis Whiteaves, 1874<br />

Key to species<br />

LAdapted from Mayo, 1974]<br />

Family Galatheidae 399<br />

1. Dorsal surface of carapace without distinct spines or pair of tubercles on g<strong>as</strong>tric<br />

region (rostrum slightly decurved; antennular spines adjacent or overlapping in<br />

dorsal view; no distinct protuberance beneath frontal margin lateral to eye)<br />

M. polita<br />

Dorsal surface of carapace with distinct spines or at le<strong>as</strong>t <strong>one</strong> pair of tubercles on<br />

g<strong>as</strong>tric region 2<br />

2. (1) Rostrum broad, spade-shaped; frontal margin of carapace with postantennal spine...<br />

M. platirostris<br />

Rostrum narrow, not simply spine-like, but with distal constriction, often with<br />

obtuse teeth at b<strong>as</strong>e of constriction; frontal margin of carapace without postantennal<br />

spine (g<strong>as</strong>tric region of carapace without distinct pair of sharp spines, but with pair<br />

of obscure tubercles or spinules; lateral submarginal depressions distinct on<br />

carapace) M. armata

---

t<br />

3<br />

Munida miles B<br />

Munida spinifrons<br />

b. dorsal view |<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Benedict, 1902, <strong>as</strong> M. decora) %<br />

(after Henderson, 1888)<br />

Munida valida<br />

Munida sanctipauli<br />

e. frontal region and appendages,<br />

dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

d. antennular peduncle, ventrolateral view<br />

(c, after Henderson, 1888; d, after specimen at<br />

SI-NMNH, USNM 11487)

---

mfyiim<br />

Family Galatheidae 401<br />

Qj

---

Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a<br />

Munida forceps<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

b. frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1897)<br />

c. right chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Munida pusilla<br />

Munida iris iris<br />

ovigerous female:<br />

female:<br />

f. frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />

& frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />

g. first, second, and third abdominal somites,<br />

dorsal view<br />

e. second, third, and part of fourth abdominal<br />

somites, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

O t=<br />

Family C.'nlalheidao 403

---

Munida simplex<br />

Munida angulata<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Benedict, 1902)<br />

(after Benedict, 1902)<br />

Munida affinis<br />

Munida longipes<br />

male:<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

& frontal region and appendages, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

e. left antennule<br />

f. sternum<br />

(d, after A. Milne Edwards andBouvier, 1897;<br />

e, f, after Chace, 1942b)

---

Family Galatheidae 405

---

•fe.<br />

---

Family Galatheidae 407

---

O<br />

00<br />

Galathea rostrata<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Galatheidae 409

---

410 Family Porcellanidae<br />

Family Porcellanidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Gore and Abele, 1976]<br />

1. Carapace at le<strong>as</strong>t 1.5 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; form elongate, "Hippa"-like; <strong>large</strong><br />

orbit-like concavity on hepatic margin, its outer angle marked by tooth<br />

Euceramus praelongus<br />

Carapace less than or nearly 1.5 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; form not elongate, or<br />

"Hippa"-like; no <strong>large</strong> orbit-like concavity on hepatic margin 2<br />

2. (1) B<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennae short, not strongly produced forward to meet anterior<br />

margin of carapace, movable segments with free access to orbit 3<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennae strongly produced forward and broadly in contact with<br />

anterior margin of carapace, movable segments thus far removed from orbit 6<br />

3. (2) Posterior portions of side walls of carapace lacking or consisting of <strong>one</strong> or more<br />

small pieces, separated by membranous interspaces behind epibranchial regions ... 4<br />

Posterior portions of side walls of carapace entire, without small pieces or<br />

membranous are<strong>as</strong> behind epibranchial regions 5<br />

4. (3) Side walls of carapace incomplete; portion posterior to epibranchial or<br />

mesobranchial area occupied by membrane Neopisosoma angustifrons<br />

Side walls of carapace consisting of <strong>one</strong> or more pieces separated by membranous<br />

interspaces in epibranchial or mesobranchial area (front triangular or transverse in<br />

dorsal view, never with projecting teeth; carapace more or less subquadrate;<br />

chelipeds very robust and thick) Pachycheles<br />

5. (3) B<strong>as</strong>al segment of antennule not laterally expanded; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment neither<br />

produced inward nor forming partial suborbital margin; front triangular, prominent;<br />

carapace with distinct frontal, epibranchial and mesobranchial spinules; cheliped<br />

with fingers distorted, gaping, deeply grooved along cutting edges, spo<strong>one</strong>d and<br />

truncate at tips; telson 7-plated Parapetrolisthes tortugensis<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al antennular segment <strong>as</strong> above; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment either not produced<br />

inward or, if with distinct inward projection, forming only partial suborbital<br />

margin; front triangular or trilobate, usually prominent; carapace without<br />

mesobranchial spinules; cheliped fingers normal, not grooved along cutting edges<br />

or spo<strong>one</strong>d at tips; telson almost invariably 7-plated Petrolisthes<br />

6. (2) Dactyli of walking legs ending in 2 or more <strong>large</strong>, strong, fixed spines; carapace<br />

markedly broader than long, front nearly transverse in dorsal view<br />

Polyonyx gibbesi<br />

Dactyli of walking legs ending in single spines, usually with accessory movable<br />

spinules on posterior margins 7

---

Family Porcellanidae 411<br />

7. (6) Front prominent, tridentate or trilobate in dorsal view; carapace only slightly longer<br />

than broad (lateral margins of carapace unarmed postrior to epibranchial angle;<br />

fingers on chelipeds not twisted out of plane with palm, more or less normal).........<br />

Porcellana<br />

Front deflexed, appearing rounded or faintly trilobate in dorsal view; carapace about<br />

<strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long (b<strong>as</strong>al segments of antennules very small, recessed behind front,<br />

latter projecting shelflike over antennules) Megalobrachium

---

412 Family Porcellanidae<br />

Genus Megalobrachium Stimpson, 1858<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Gore and Abele, 1976]<br />

Telson of abdomen with 5 plates (carapace, chelipeds, and walking legs tuberculate;<br />

lateral margins rounded, dentate; frontal, postfrontal, and protog<strong>as</strong>tric lobes,<br />

viewed frontally, appearing low, rounded, indistinct, usually smooth, rarely<br />

granular) .M. soriatum<br />

Telson of abdomen with 7 plates (carapace and chelipeds thickly covered with<br />

coarse hairs; chelipeds heavily and evenly granulate; protog<strong>as</strong>tric regions, viewed<br />

frontally, appearing distinct and clearly elevated above frontal and hepatic regions;<br />

propodi of walking legs more slender, from 2.8 to 3 times longer than wide)<br />

M. poeyi<br />

Genus Pachycheles Stimpson, 1858<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Haig, 1956]<br />

1. Chelipeds thickly covered with stiff bristles. P. pilosus<br />

No stiff bristles on chelipeds 2<br />

2. (1) Chelipeds smooth except for rugosity on outer margin of carpus P. riisei<br />

Chelipeds rough over entire surface 3<br />

3. (2) Chelipeds with high longitudinal ridges; in between ridges rows of deep pits<br />

present P. rugiman us<br />

Chelipeds with longitudinal rows of <strong>large</strong> flattened tubercles 4<br />

4. (3) Fingers of chelipeds neither gaping nor full of pubescence; space between tubercles<br />

of chelipeds glabrous or nearly so; tubercles low, rows irregular ...P. ackleianus<br />

Fingers of major cheliped gaping and full of pubescence; space between tubercles<br />

filled with pubescence; tubercles heavy, in regular rows P. monilifer

---

Genus Petrolisthes Stimpson, 1858<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Haig, 1956]<br />

Family Porcellanidae 413<br />

1. Telson of abdomen with 5 plates (3 or 4 teeth on carpus of chelipeds pointed,<br />

denticulate; outer margin of manus with longitudinal groove; carapace, chelipeds,<br />

and gape of fingers lightly pubescent) P. jugosus<br />

Telson of abdomen with 7 plates. ...2<br />

2. (1) Carpus of cheliped armed with 4 teeth or lobes; no spines (except epibranchial<br />

spine) on lateral margins of carapace (carapace very rough with prominent,<br />

transversepiliferousrugae) .....P. galathinus<br />

Carpus of cheliped armed with 3 low, wide-set, spine-tipped teeth 3<br />

3. (2) Carapace transversely rugose; epibranchial spine present P. armatus<br />

Surface of carapace more or less smooth, not rugose; no epibranchial spine<br />

P. politus<br />

Genus Porcellana Lamarck, 1801<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Haig, 1956]<br />

1. Median lobe of front rounded, not surp<strong>as</strong>sing internal orbital angles; chelae without<br />

hairs; length and breadth of carapace about equal P. stimpsoni<br />

Median lobe of front pointed, surp<strong>as</strong>sing internal orbital angles; chelae with fringe<br />

of hairs on outer margin; carapace longer than broad 2<br />

2. (1) Inner angle of carpus of cheliped with broad lobe; epibranchial angle low, rounded,<br />

lobe-like, sometimes spine-tipped P. sayana<br />

Inner angle of carpus with low, spine-tipped lobe; epibranchial angle with shaip<br />

spine P. sigsbeiana

---

4^<br />

4^<br />

•53<br />

65<br />

3<br />

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Megalobrachium soriatum Megalobrachium poeyi<br />

a. dorsal view b. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a) (after Benedict, 1901)

---

Family Porcellanidae 415

---

I—'<br />

ON<br />

*3<br />

3<br />

Pachycheles nisei<br />

Pachycheles pilosus<br />

o<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Benedict, 1901, <strong>as</strong> Pisosoma glabra)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

Pachycheles ackleianus<br />

Pachycheles rugimanus<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Gore, 1974)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

f<br />

i'amily Porcellanidae 417

---

Pachycheles monifer<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Dana, 1855)

---

Family Porcellanidae 419

---

©<br />

•n<br />

Petrolisthes galathinus<br />

Petrolisthes jugosus<br />

©<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984) 2<br />

(after Gore and Abele, 1976)<br />

Petrolisthes politus<br />

Petrolisthes armatus<br />

& dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Gore, 1974)<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)

---

Family I'orccllanidue 421

---

Porcellana sayana<br />

Porcellana stimpsoni<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1923)<br />

Porcellana sigsbeiana<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Porccllanidae 423

---

4^<br />

3<br />

Neopisosoma angustifrons<br />

Euce ramus praelongus<br />

o<br />

b. dorsal view §<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Benedict, 1901) |<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

Poly onyx gibbesi<br />

Parapetrolisthes tortugensis<br />

d. dorsal view (female)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1945)

---

Family Porcellanidae 425

---

426 Family Porcellanidae<br />

'S

---

Family Albuneidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

bam ily Albuneidae 427<br />

1. Eyestalks small and fused together; anterior margin of carapace with two submedian<br />

teeth separated by concavity Zygopa michaelis<br />

Eyestalks elongate or broad, separate from each other; anterior margin of carapace<br />

with single median tooth (rostrum) .• . 2<br />

2. (1) Eyestalks narrow, triangular. Albunea<br />

Eyestalks broad, oval Lepidopa<br />

Genus Albunea Weber, 1795<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Dactyli of second and third pereopods with blunt, rectangular lobes at b<strong>as</strong>es of<br />

anterior borders A. gibbesii<br />

Dactyli of second pereopods with <strong>as</strong>ymmetrically mucronate spurs, third pereopods<br />

with acute, falciform spurs at b<strong>as</strong>es of anterior borders A. paretii<br />

Genus Lepidopa Stimpson, 1858<br />

Key to species<br />

Eye-plates squarish, distal edge carrying many teeth (20 or more in <strong>large</strong><br />

individuals), teeth close together, almost touching L. benedicti<br />

Eye-plates roundish, distal edge rounded and smooth L. websteri

---

•83<br />

3<br />

Albunea paretii<br />

Albunea gibbesii<br />

d. dorsal view g<br />

a, b, c. dactyli of second to fourth pereopods<br />

e, f, g. dactyli of second to fourth pereopods g<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Lepidopa websteri<br />

Lepidopa benedicti<br />

i. dorsal view<br />

h. carapace and eyes, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after Holthuis, I960)

---

% 2fe^;<br />

ily Albuncldae 429

---

•o<br />

Zygopa michaelis<br />

a. carapace and anterior region, dorsal view<br />

(after Holtnais, 1960)

---

Family Albuncitlne 431

---

4^<br />

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B<br />

I<br />

f

---

Family Hippidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Haig, 1974]<br />

Family Hippidae 433<br />

Antennal flagella very long; dactyli of first pereopods oval and lamellate... Emerita<br />

Antennal flagella short; dactyli of first pereopods styliform, not multiarticulate<br />

Hippa cubensis<br />

Genus Emerita Scopoli, 1777<br />

Key to species<br />

[From Felder, 1973]<br />

1. Dactyli of first thoracic pereopods rounded or obtuse distally E. talpoida<br />

Dactyli of first pereopods subacute or sharply pointed distally 2<br />

2. (1) Lateral epimeral expansion of carapace (lower postero-lateral area) marked to<br />

inferior margin with transverse lines continued from posterior dorsum of carapace ..<br />

-.E. benedicti<br />

Lateral epimeral expansion of carapace smooth and punctate, light traces of<br />

transverse lines of dorsum showing only on upper part of epimeral expansion<br />

E. portoricensis

---

65<br />

3<br />

Emerita benedicti<br />

Emerita talpoida<br />

TO<br />

•a<br />

a<br />

b. lateral view (female)<br />

a. lateral view (female)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Hippa cubensis<br />

Emerita portdricensis<br />

female:<br />

c. carapace, lateral view<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

(after Felder, 1973)<br />

e. left first pereopod<br />

(after Monod, 1956)

---

Family Hippidae 435

---

I<br />

*5<br />

I

---

Infraorder Brachyura<br />

Family Dromiidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Felder, 1973]<br />

Family Dromiidae 437<br />

1. Carapace dorsally firm, hard and coverd with short hairs 2<br />

Carapace with soft, membranous, naked or sparsely haired mid dorsal area<br />

Hypoconcha<br />

2. (1) Carapace broader than long; fronto-orbital width in adult 1/3 or less of carapace<br />

width .. Dromia erythropus<br />

Carapace longer than broad; fronto-orbital width in adult 1/2 or more of carapace<br />

width ... Dromidia antillensis<br />

Genus Hypochoncha Guerin-Meneville, 1854<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Ventral surface of carapace with 3 granulated nodules forming triangle on either<br />

side; not hairy H. sabulosa<br />

Ventral surface of carapace often granulate or spiny but without 3 nodules forming<br />

triangle on either side; often hairy 2<br />

2. (1) Ventral surface of carapace visibly granulate; posterior side of orbit raised but never<br />

conspicuously spined H. arcuata<br />

Ventral surface of carapace with scattered, sharp granules or spines often partly or<br />

wholly concealed by thick pubescence; posterior side of orbit surmounted by strong<br />

spine H. spinosissima

---

HypQch<strong>one</strong>ka arcuata<br />

Hyp0choncka sabulosa<br />

b. anterior part, ventral view<br />

a. anterior part, ventral view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Hypochoncha spinosissima<br />

c. ventral view (holotype female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)

---

Family Dromiidae 439

---

O<br />

Dromia erythropus Dromidia antillensis<br />

a. outline of carapace and eyes, dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937) (after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Dromiidae 441

---

Families Homolodromiidae/Cymonomidae 443<br />

Family Homolodromiidae<br />

Genus Dicranodromia A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Carapace ovoid; antennules folding under rostral teeth; walking legs short; eyes<br />

<strong>large</strong> and deep in orbital cavity; l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs of pereopods subcheliform, propodus<br />

not forming a distinct digit [from Rathbun, 1937] D. ovata<br />

Family Cymonomidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />

Eyes without pigment; antennules <strong>large</strong>, unconcealed; merus of outer (third)<br />

maxilliped produced forward far beyond carpal articulation<br />

.. Cymonomus quadratus<br />

Eyes normally developed; antennules folding under front; merus of outer maxilliped<br />

not overreaching palp • Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi

---

Dicranodromia ovata Cymonomus quadratus s<br />

•SB<br />

a. dorsal view b. dorsal view |<br />

c<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902) (after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902) 1<br />

o<br />

3<br />

a<br />

o<br />

s<br />

o<br />

3<br />

Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902)

---

Families Homolodromiidae/Cymonomidae 445

---

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i.<br />

• *<br />

•0<br />

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•o<br />

a<br />

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3<br />

a<br />

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O<br />

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3<br />

©<br />

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---

Family Cyclodorippidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

Family Cyclodorippidae 447<br />

Antennules small, completely retractile; antennae very short, with valviform<br />

peduncle Clythrocerus<br />

Antennules long, incapable of folding into antennular cavity; antennae with narrow<br />

peduncle Tymolus antennaria<br />

Genus Clythrocerus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />

1. Two lateral teeth or spines behind orbital tooth (distance between lateral spines less<br />

than between foremost tooth and orbital tooth; spine present above and between<br />

lateral spines; three frontal teeth).... C. stimpsoni<br />

Only <strong>one</strong> lateral tooth or spine behind orbital tooth 2<br />

2. (1) Front with two teeth (carapace thick, smooth, and shining) C. nitidus<br />

Front with three teeth (carapace and appendages densely granulate; margins of<br />

carapace spinulous) C. granulatus

---

4^<br />

00<br />

•=3<br />

65<br />

3<br />

Clythrocerus nitidus<br />

o<br />

b. dorsal view (female) £.<br />

c<br />

a<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937) I<br />

Clythrocerus stimpsoni<br />

a. outline of carapace, dorsal view (holotype female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />

Tymolus antennaria<br />

Clythrocerus granulatus<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

c. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />

(after A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1902)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)

---

Family Cyclodorippidae 449

---

O<br />

3<br />

o<br />

r»<br />

o"<br />

a<br />

o<br />

2^<br />

•5"<br />

•a.<br />

a<br />

»

---

Family Homolidac<br />

Genus Homola Leach, 1815<br />

Families Homolidae/Latreilliidae 451<br />

Carapace broadest anteriorly; second segment of antennal peduncle with anteroexternal<br />

spine; rostrum bidentate (from Rathbun, 1937J H. barbata<br />

Family Latreilliidae<br />

Genus Latreillia Roux, 1830<br />

Each of l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods (fourth walking legs) with propodus clearly more<br />

than half length of carpus and bearing conspicuous, featherlike row of long hairs<br />

along full length of that segment on each side; dorsal spine absent on "neck"; l<strong>as</strong>t<br />

pereopod with propodus decidedly shorter than carpus; dactylus closing against<br />

subdistal spinules to form subchela; propodus of l<strong>as</strong>t pereopod 0.44-0.61 length of<br />

carpus; length of carapace about 173 length of merus of walking leg [from Williams,<br />

1982] L. manningi

---

tv><br />

33<br />

o<br />

3<br />

©<br />

a<br />

r<br />

»<br />

a<br />

Homola barbata Latreillia manningi f<br />

a. dorsal view b. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984) (after WilHams et al., 1968)

---

Families Homolidae/Latreilliidae 453

---

-fe.<br />

4^<br />

»sa<br />

o<br />

3<br />

o

---

Family Raninidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1937, and Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Raninidae 455<br />

1. Fronto-orbital border more than half width of carapace 2<br />

Fronto-orbital border less than half width of carapace 3<br />

2. (1) Orbits of moderate size, slightly oblique and situated on anterior border of carapace,<br />

ocular peduncle folded almost transversely or longitudinally; l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods<br />

slender Raninoides<br />

Orbits <strong>large</strong>, deep cavities in lower side of carapace forming inverted V with point<br />

at rostrum, ocular peduncles folded strongly and obliquely downward and<br />

backward; l<strong>as</strong>t pair of pereopods not slender Ranilia<br />

3. (1) Carapace smooth; chelae broad and flat... Lyreidus nitidus<br />

Carapace eroded; chelae elongate, manus swollen, fingers long and slender<br />

Symethis variolosa<br />

Genus Ranilia H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Hand of cheliped with spine on upper margin R. muricata<br />

Hand of cheliped without spine on upper margin R. constricta<br />

Genus Raninoides H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1937]<br />

Spine at distal end of merus of cheliped; four spines on lower margin of manus<br />

R. loevis<br />

No spine at distal end of merus of cheliped; five or six spines on lower margin of<br />

manus R. louisianensis

---

4^<br />

in<br />

Ranilia constricta i<br />

Ranilia muricata<br />

female: jo<br />

a. dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />

b. dorsal view E<br />

a<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

c. right cheliped and first walking leg<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Raninoides louisianensis<br />

Raninoides loevis<br />

f. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

d. anterior part of carapace, dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />

e. distal half of right cheliped, upper surface<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)

---

Family Raninidae 457

---

Symethis variolosa<br />

Lyreidus nitidus<br />

b. dorsal view (female)<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937, <strong>as</strong>L. bairdii)

---

Family Raninidae 459

---

•O<br />

. T3<br />

65<br />

3<br />

85<br />

5"<br />

a<br />

ts

---

Family Dorippidae<br />

Genus Ethusa Roux, 1828<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />

Family Dorippidae 461<br />

1. Eyestalks long, extending laterally beyond outer orbital spine (outer orbital spine<br />

directed obliquely forward). E. m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana<br />

Eyestalks short, not extending beyond outer orbital spine. 2<br />

2. (1) Dactyli of first and second walking legs not flattened E. tenuipes<br />

Dactyli of first and second walking legs flattened above 3<br />

3. (2) Carapace <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong>, or broader than, long . E. microphthalma<br />

Carapace longer than broad E. truncata

---

Ethusa tenuipes<br />

Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana<br />

b. dorsal view (female)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(from Abele's personal drawing)<br />

Ethusa truncata<br />

Ethusa microphthalma<br />

& dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

-X<br />

Family Dorippidae 463

---

3<br />

«5"<br />

•o<br />

•5"<br />

"2.<br />

a<br />

ft

---

Family Calappidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 19841<br />

Family Calappidae 465<br />

1. Chelae dissimilar; <strong>large</strong> tooth on dactylus and pair of protuberances on propodus of<br />

major chela 2<br />

Chelae essentially symmetrical, no unusually en<strong>large</strong>d teeth or protuberances 4<br />

2. (1) Posterolateral region of carapace expanded into dentate, winglike projection<br />

. Calappa<br />

Posterolateral region of carapace not expanded into dentate, winglike projection.... 3<br />

3. (2) Merus of cheliped with very long, outstanding spine Acanthocarpus<br />

Merus of cheliped without long spine; carapace subcircular, small spine at lateral<br />

angle Cycloes bairdii<br />

4. (1) Carapace considerably broader than long, regularly convex above Hepatus<br />

Carapace nearly <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad, dorsal surface uneven Osachila<br />

Genus Acanthocarpus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />

Carapace narrowing in posterior half; short spine on posterolateral margin<br />

A. alexandri<br />

Carapace subcircular; long spine on posterolateral margin A. bispinosus

---

466 Family Calappidae<br />

Genus Calappa Weber, 1795<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 1984, and Rathbun, 1937]<br />

1. Orbits completely separated from antennular sockets (surface quite rough, covered<br />

with rounded protuberances and granulate) C. angusta<br />

Orbits not separated from antennular sockets. 2<br />

2. (1) Carapace with prominent horizonlial tooth at each end of posterior margin (sharp<br />

spine at angle of posterolateral wing and another at proximal end of manus)<br />

C. sulcata<br />

Carapace without spine at either end of posterior margin. .3<br />

3. (2) Deep hollow between g<strong>as</strong>tric and hepatic regions (posterior third of carapace covcrd<br />

with short transverse granulated lines) C. gallus<br />

No deep hollow between g<strong>as</strong>tric and hepatic regions 4<br />

4. (3) Darker part of color pattern on carapace in interlacing bands on anterior half,<br />

becoming obliquely longitudinal stripes and fading somewhat on posterior half<br />

C. flammea<br />

Darker part of color pattern on anterior of carapace in becoming reticular in pattern<br />

at midlength but fading posteriorly C. ocellata<br />

Genus Hepatus Latreille, 1802<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Carapace covered with <strong>large</strong>, usually discrete spots (spots may be interconnected or<br />

form irregular, transverse stripes, proportionately small in juveniles); front<br />

noticeably tuberculate and truncate H. epheliticus<br />

Carapace covered with small spots often aligned in transverse rows; front slightly<br />

tuberculate and obtusely bidentate H. pudibundus

---

Genus Osachila Stimpson, 1871<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Kajlibun, 1937|<br />

Family Calappidae 467<br />

1. Dorsal surface of carapace wholly eroded; cardiac elevation pointed behind<br />

O. antillensis<br />

Dorsal surface of carapace partly eroded, including elevations; cardiac elevation<br />

rounded behind 2<br />

2. (1) Posterolateral margin of carapace shorter than anterolateral, thickened and raised,<br />

bearing 3 lobes including lateral angle, third lobe obsolescent O. semilevis<br />

Posterolateral margin of carapace about <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> anterolateral margin, not<br />

thickened and raised, bearing 4 lobes including angle, second lobe smallest<br />

O. tuberosa

---

ON<br />

»<br />

5"<br />

Acanthocarpus alexandri Acanthocarpus Mspinosus<br />

a. dorsal view (male) b. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a) (after Rathbun, 1937)

---

Family Calappidae 469

---

©<br />

Calappa sulcata f.<br />

Calappa angusta<br />

female: o<br />

ST<br />

b. dorsal view 5<br />

a<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

c. major chela, external view "<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

Calappa flammea<br />

Calappa gallus<br />

e. dorsal view (female)<br />

& dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1958)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)

---

Family Calappidae 471

---

3<br />

n<br />

Calappa ocellata<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Holthuis, 1958)

---

Fan,,, y C.|app idae<br />

473

---

4S><br />

4^<br />

»<br />

Hepatus epheliticus Hepatus pudidundus<br />

a. dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a) (after Holthuis, 1959)

---

Family Calappidae 475

---

ss<br />

3<br />

Osachila semilevis n<br />

Osachila antillensis<br />

a<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />

Cycloes bairdii<br />

Osachila tuberosa<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Calappidae 477

---

00<br />

I<br />

a"<br />

O<br />

»<br />

ET<br />

•d<br />

"Si<br />

a

---

Family Leucosiidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />

Family Lcucosiidue 479<br />

1. Merus of outer (third) maxilliped half or more than half length of ischium me<strong>as</strong>ured<br />

along inner border; fingers stout, gradually narrowing from b<strong>as</strong>e to tip 2<br />

Merus of outer maxilliped less than half length of ischium me<strong>as</strong>ured along inner<br />

border; fingers slender, of subequal width throughout 7<br />

2. (1) Pterygostomian margin terminating anteriorly in circular depression behind orbit;<br />

surface of carapace uneven; chelipeds of moderate length 3<br />

Pterygostomian margin not terminating in circular depression and often obscure;<br />

carapace almost hemispherical, surface only slightly uneven; chelipeds often<br />

elongate . 6<br />

3. (2) Carapace broadly elliptical, sides expanded Uhli<strong>as</strong> limbatus<br />

Carapace narrower, pentagonal to octagonal, surface very uneven 4<br />

4. (3) Peep hollows or caves within posterior half of carapace. Speloeophorus<br />

No deep hollows or caves within posterior half of carapace 5<br />

5. (4) Upper surface of carapace deeply excavate Lithadia<br />

Upper surface of carapace uneven but not deeply excavate Ebalia<br />

6. (2) Chelipeds rather m<strong>as</strong>sive; abdominal segments 3-5 fused in male Persephona<br />

Chelipeds long and slender; abdominal segments 3-6 fused in male; cardiac and<br />

intestinal regions indicated Myropsis quinquespinosa<br />

7. (1) Posterior half of carapace with seven spines; anterior half of carapace with three<br />

spines on each side Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per<br />

Posterior half of carapace with three spines; anterior half of carapace with no spines<br />

or with <strong>one</strong> spine on each side Iliacantha

---

480 Family Le ucosiidae<br />

Genus Ebalia Leach, 1817<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Carapace octagon at E. cariosa<br />

Carapace hexagonal or subglobular E. stimpsonii<br />

Genus Iliacantha Stimpson, 1871<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937j<br />

1. Short, blunt spine on subhepatic margin (posterior margin between lateral spines<br />

invisible in dorsal view; carapace with many <strong>large</strong> granules) /. sparsa<br />

No spine on subhepatic margin .- .. 2<br />

2. (1) Fingers of chela about half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> palm /. intermedia<br />

Fingers longer than palm 3<br />

3. (2) Spines of posterior margin subtriangular, blunt /. subglobosa<br />

Spines of posterior margin conical, acute. /. liodactylus<br />

Genus Lithadia Bell, 1855<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />

Anterior median carina present on carapace (branchial region almost entirely<br />

swollen; rostrum slightly concave) L. cadaver osa<br />

No anterior median carina (highest point a small branchial pyramid either side in<br />

line with widest part of carapace) L. granulosa

---

Genus Persephona Leach, 1817<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from I-elder, 1973 \<br />

Family Leucosiidae 481<br />

Carapace with several tubercles or en<strong>large</strong>d granules on each side, <strong>one</strong> at widest<br />

part of carapace, another less than halfway from there to hepatic protuberance, and<br />

usually <strong>one</strong> on subhepatic protuberance (less obvious in females than in males);<br />

coarse granules on lateral are<strong>as</strong> of carapace not arranged in single marginal line;<br />

fresh specimens usually with carapace uniform blue-gray color P. crinita<br />

Carapace without singularly en<strong>large</strong>d granules or tubercles on sides, but with<br />

distinct single line of coarse granules defining lateral margin; fresh specimens<br />

usually with red blotches and patterns on cream-colored carapace<br />

P. mediterranea<br />

Genus Speloeophorus A. Milne Edwards, 1865<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1937]<br />

1. Deep cavity of carapace with only 2 openings, not visible dorsally; carapace<br />

hexagonal S. nodosus<br />

Deep cavity of carapace with 4 openings, visible dorsally; carapace octagonal 2<br />

2. (1) Dorsal pair of openings small; carapace highest at anterior end of branchial<br />

elevation S. pontifer<br />

Dorsal pair of openings <strong>large</strong>; carapace highest near middle of branchial elevation,<br />

narrower than in S. pontifer S. elevatus

---

•30<br />

*=1<br />

Ebalia cariosa Ebalia stimpsonii<br />

a. dorsal view b. dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Williams, 1984) (after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Leucosiidae 483

---

•oo<br />

liacantha intermedia<br />

Iliacantha sparsa<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />

Iliacantha liodactylus<br />

Iliacantha subglobosa<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Leucosiidue 485

---

4-<br />

Oft<br />

©Y<br />

Lithadia cadaverosa<br />

65.<br />

3:<br />

Lithadia granulosa<br />

female:<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. carapace, dorsal view<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />

a.<br />

c. left cheliped, external view<br />

d. first right walking leg<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)<br />

Persephona mediterranea<br />

Persephona crinita<br />

i. dorsal view<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

f. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />

g. right chela, external view<br />

h. walking leg, external view<br />

(from Abele's personal drawings)

---

Family Leucosiidae 487

---

4^<br />

00<br />

Speloeophorus pontifer<br />

Speloeophorus nodosus<br />

b. dorsal view (female)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

Speloeophorus elevatus<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)

---

Family Leucusiidne 48

---

Mywpsis quinquespinosa<br />

Caltidactylus <strong>as</strong>per<br />

b. dorsal view (female)<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(afterWilliamsetal., 1968)<br />

(after Williams et al, 1968)<br />

UhU<strong>as</strong> limbatus<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1937)

---

^^X<br />

Family Leucosiidae 491

---

492 Family Leucosiidae

---

Family Majidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Garth, 1958, and Rathbun, 19251<br />

Family Majidae 493<br />

1. Eyes either without orbits or with incomplete or commencing orbits 2<br />

Eyes with nearly complete or complete orbits; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment very broad....<br />

.,.: :.. ....28<br />

2. (1) Eyes without orbits; eyestalks generally long, either nonretractile or retractile<br />

against sides of carapace or against acute postocular spine affording no<br />

concealment; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment extremely slender and usually long 3<br />

Eyes with incomplete or commencing orbits; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not extremely<br />

slender \5<br />

3. (2) Spine intercalated between pre- and postorbital spines Achaeopsis thomsoni<br />

No spine intercalated between pre- and postorbital spines 4<br />

4. (3) Seven free abdominal segments in both sexes; rostrum double<br />

Anomalothir furcillatus<br />

Six free abdominal segments in male, five in female , 5<br />

5. (4) Rostrum double. 6<br />

Rostrum single 10<br />

6. (5) Interantennular spine absent or inconspicuous. Collodes<br />

Jnterantennular spine present an4 conspicuous 7<br />

7. (6) Eyestalks slender; 3 erect median spines. Arachnopsis filipes<br />

Eyestalks not slender 8<br />

8. (7) Seven long capitate spines... Aepinus septemspinosus<br />

Fewer than 7 carapace spines. .... 9<br />

9. (8) Spine of b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment equally advanced with front Euprognatha<br />

Spine of b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not equally advanced with front<br />

Batrachonotus fragosus<br />

10. (5) Merus of outer (third) maxilliped <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> ischium; palp of moderate size 11<br />

Merus of outer maxilliped often narrower than ischium; palp <strong>large</strong> and coarse 13

---

494 Faihily JVfajidae<br />

11. (10) F'ostorbital tooth <strong>large</strong>, curving around eye. Pyromaia<br />

Postotbitai tooth small or, if <strong>large</strong>, not curving around eye...............;........... 12<br />

12. (11) Carapace rough with spines and tubercles; legs not subprehensile. •..-..<br />

An<strong>as</strong>imus tattis<br />

Carapace smooth; legs subprehensile. Inachoides forceps<br />

13. (10) Rostrum considerably less than postrostral length, b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment often<br />

longitudinally sulcate Podochela<br />

Rostrum approaching or surp<strong>as</strong>sing postrostral length, b<strong>as</strong>al antertnal segment not<br />

longitudinally sulcate i .14<br />

14. (13) Carapace nodulous; long spine at end of merus of each walking leg; rostrum few<br />

spined Metoporhaphis calcurata<br />

Carapace smooth; spines at ends of meri of walking legs no longer than others;<br />

rostrum multispihose Siehdrhynchus seiicornis<br />

15. (2) Eyes with commencing orbits having, in addition to supraocular spine, <strong>large</strong>,<br />

cupped postocuiar process into which eyes retract; eyestalks short 16<br />

Eyes without true orbits, lacking postocuiar cup. .... 21<br />

16. (15) Intercalated spine present. .... —..............17<br />

intercalated spine absent .18<br />

17. (16) First pair of walking legs much longer than remaining pairs...... Chorinus heros<br />

Walking legs diminishing regularly from first to l<strong>as</strong>t pair Nibilia antilocapra<br />

18. (16) Supraocular eave and postocuiar process closely approximated Libihia<br />

Supraocular eave and postocuiar process not closely approximated. 19<br />

19. (18) Rostrum bifid for not more than half its length or at tip only Pelia tnutica<br />

Rostrum bifid for more than half its length. .................. 26<br />

20. (19) Two rows of spines on walking legs Oplopisa spinipes<br />

Walking legs without two rows of spines. Rochinid<br />

21 (15) liyeslalks long; orbit partially protected' by hornlike supraocular spine or by jagged<br />

poslocular tooth or by both; body often truncate in front 22<br />

Eyestalks short, little movable, and either concealed by supraocular spine of sunk<br />

in sides of rostrum; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal Segment truncate-triangular —.......... 25

---

Family Majidae 495<br />

22. (21) Byes furnished with orbits completely enclosed, often outstanding and tubular. 23<br />

Orbit unprotected below; eyes protected above by lamellate projection consisting<br />

of supraocular eave and outgrowth of hepatic region . 24<br />

23. (22) Rostrum long, greatly advanced beyond orbits; preocular spine twice length of<br />

remainder of orbit; legs filiform; first movable segment of antenna cylindrical<br />

Picroceroides tubularis<br />

Rostrum short, little if at all advanced beyond orbits; preocular spine not long;<br />

legs moderately robust; first movable segment of antenna flattened .. Pitho<br />

24. (22) B<strong>as</strong>al prolongation of exopod of third maxilliped curving forward and usually<br />

lodged in groove of ischium of endognath; abdomen 7-segmented in both sexes ...<br />

Tyche emarginata<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al prolongation of exopod of third maxilliped not recurving; merus of<br />

endognath strongly arched, brilliantly glistening, and porcellanous; abdomen of<br />

female with segments 4-6 coalesced Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera<br />

25. (21) Rostrum double 26<br />

Rostrum single or secondarily divaricate 27<br />

26. (25) Seven free abdominal segments in both sexes Sphenocarcinus corrosus<br />

Six free abdominal segments in both sexes; legs subchelate<br />

Acanthonyx petiverii<br />

27. (25) Six free abdominal segments in male, five in female Epialtus<br />

Five free abdominal segments in male Mocosoa crebripunctata<br />

28. (1) Intercalated spine present; orbits sometimes projecting beyond general outline of<br />

carapace, but never tubular 29<br />

Intercalated spine absent; orbits tubular 32<br />

29. (28) Orbits not projecting laterally beyond general outline of carapace; carapace<br />

subtriangular; legs cristate , 30<br />

Orbits projecting laterally somewhat beyond general outline of carapace 31<br />

30. (29) Carapace very high on median line; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna broader than long....<br />

Hemus cristulipes<br />

Carapace not noticeably high on median line, lobulate; b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna<br />

no broader than long Thoe puella

---

496 Family Majidae<br />

31. (29) Rostrum small; carapace ovate, usually broader than long: .. Mithrax<br />

Rostrum of good size, usually with two strong horns; carapace broadly pyriform;<br />

b<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment armed with prominent spine at anteroexternal angle .........<br />

Microphrys<br />

32. (28) Lateral margin of carapace armed with series of strong spines; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal<br />

segment very broad 33<br />

Lateral margin of carapace not armed with series of strong spines, but with spine,<br />

usually strong, at lateral angle of carapace 34<br />

33. (32) B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment quadridentate; postocular tooth <strong>large</strong>, quadrangular,<br />

armed with two teeth or spines Coelocerus spinosus<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment with fewer than four spines or teeth; postocular tooth of<br />

moderate size, triangular, armed with only <strong>one</strong> spine Stenocionops<br />

34. (32) Orbits strongly projecting; rostral homs short; carapace broad....Macrocoeloma<br />

Orbits little projecting; rostral horns long and slender; carapace narrow..............<br />

Leptopisa setirostris

---

Genus Collpdes Stimpson, I860<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

Family Majidae 497<br />

1. Carapace with median spines..., 2<br />

Carapace without median spines 4<br />

2. (1) Rostrum simple, not bifid (b<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment with inner crest armed with three<br />

spiniform teeth) C. obesus<br />

Rostrum bifid ..3<br />

3. (2) Walking legs hairy (granules evenly distributed on branchial region).<br />

C. trispinosus<br />

Walking legs naked .

---

498 Family Majidae<br />

Getius Epialtus H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

1. Rostrum simple, margin entire or nearly so. .. .. 2<br />

Rostrum either bilobed or bidentate 4<br />

2. (1) Rostrum dorsally carinate; carapace widest at hepatic regions; cardiac region conical.<br />

'•...' E. kingsleyi<br />

Rostrum not dorsally carinate > 3<br />

3. (2) Carapace with very shallow sinus between lateral lobes; hand of male high;<br />

preorbital angles obtuse; tip of rostrum rounded E. bituberculatus<br />

Carapace with deep sinus between lateral lobes; hand of male elongate; preorbital<br />

angles sharp (rostrum very narrow, sides parallel, tip subtruncate, with faint<br />

indication of two lobes) E. longirostris<br />

4. (1) Rostrum short; carapace in front of anterior margin of hepatic lobe much shorter<br />

than behind same region; hepatic lobe much <strong>large</strong>r than branchial lobe (hepatic lobe<br />

hot directed forward; rostrum narrowing anteriorly; tuft of hair present on propodi<br />

of legs) E. dildtatus<br />

Rostrum long; hepatic and branchial lobes more nearly equal; tuft of hair present on<br />

propodi of legs (carapace widest across branchial regions; length in front of hepatic<br />

lbbes nearly <strong>as</strong> great <strong>as</strong> behind same line) E. dilatatus forma elongata

---

Genus Euprognatha Stimpson, 1871<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

Family Majidae 499<br />

Interantennular spine very short; sternum forming wide border around<br />

posterolateral portions of carapace .E. gracilipes<br />

Interantennular spine long; sternum forming narrow border around posterolateral<br />

portions of carapace; antennal spines diverging anteriorly; immovable finger<br />

without noticeably en<strong>large</strong>d tooth E. r<strong>as</strong>tellifera<br />

Genus Libinia Leach, 1815<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

1. Median line of carapace with about 9 spines, 5 behind cervical groove<br />

L. emarginata<br />

Median line of carapace with about 6 spines 2<br />

2. (1) Fork of rostrum in adult shallow, tips of horns blunt; lateral marginal spines in<br />

young of good size, subequal L. dubia<br />

Fork of rostrum in young deeper than in L. dubia. horns acute, curved toward each<br />

other; lateral marginal spines in young small except very long and slender posterior<br />

<strong>one</strong> L. erinacea

---

500 Family Majidae<br />

Genus Macroedetdinh Miers, 1879<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbuh, 1925]<br />

h Carapace with fewer than 7 spines on its posterior half" or, if with 7 spines, some of<br />

them small .....................2<br />

Carapace with 7 strong spines on its posterior half.............................;•.-.:..... 8<br />

2, (1) B<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment armed with only <strong>one</strong> spine or sharp tubercle...........;..... 3<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al ahtennal segment armed with 2 or more spines; orbits elongate-tubular.>....-.. 7<br />

3. (2) Rostral horns separated by interspace; interspace narrow or pointed at b<strong>as</strong>e 4<br />

Rostral horns separated by interspace; interspace broad and refunded at b<strong>as</strong>e*........ 6<br />

4; (3) Posterolateral projections narrow, spirielike........ M. irispihosufn trispinbsiim<br />

Posterolateral projections broad, bladelike 5<br />

5. (4) Posterolateral projections very broad, their margins continuous with marginal lines<br />

of carapace M. trispin osuni nodipes<br />

Posterolateral projections less broad, their margins making angle with marginal<br />

lines of carapace M.trispin osum variety<br />

6. (3) Carapace deeply sculptured or areolated between two posterolateral spines; rostral<br />

seines short and stotit (posterolateral spines directed obliquely backward)<br />

stv».•.-; M. subparallelum<br />

Carapace not unusually sculptured between epibrahchial spines; rostral horns longer<br />

arid slenderer M. diplacanihum<br />

1. i$) Rostral spines separated by U-shaped sinus... v.... M. eiitheeti<br />

Rostral spines separated by V-shaped sinus; b<strong>as</strong>al ahtehhal segment armed with 2<br />

spines forming oblique line, outer spine more or less distant from orbital margin ....<br />

M. laevigatum<br />

8. (1) B<strong>as</strong>al ahtennal segment armed with only <strong>one</strong> spine............... M. camptocerum<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al aritennal segment armed with two spines in transverse line<br />

......— M. septemspindsum

---

Genus Microphrys H. Milne Edwards, 1851<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Williams, 19841<br />

Family Majidae 501<br />

Carapace with 2 lateral laminiform processes, 2 strong branchial spines<br />

..... M. antillensis<br />

Carapace without lateral laminiform processes, 1 strong branchial spine<br />

.. M. bicornutus<br />

Genus Mithrax Desmarest, 1823<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

1. Carapace without smooth, oblique, branchial sulci 2<br />

Carapace with smooth, oblique, branchial sulci; rostral horns very short; minor<br />

teeth of orbit tuberculiform, inconspicuous 14<br />

2. (1) Palm armed above with spines or spinules 3<br />

Palm not armed above with spines or spinules 7<br />

3. (2) Two spines only on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna. M. spinosissimus<br />

Three spines on b<strong>as</strong>al segment of antenna 4<br />

4. (3) Carapace paved with flattened granules, concealed by short hair<br />

M. verrucosus, young<br />

Carapace not paved with flattened granules 5<br />

5. (4) Carapace <strong>as</strong> wide between tips of third anterolateral spines <strong>as</strong> between tips of fourth<br />

spines; carapace closely granulate and tuberculate and densely pilose .. M. pilosus<br />

Carapace widest between tips of fourth anterolateral spines (not counting orbital<br />

spine) . 6<br />

6. (5) Three or four supraorbital spines, exclusive of preorbital and exorbital spines;<br />

propodi of legs very long and slender M. cornutus<br />

Two supraorbital spines only, exclusive of preorbital and exorbital spines; propodi<br />

of legs moderate (size small) M. acuticornis (over 18 mm long)

---

502 Family Majidae<br />

7. (2) Rostral horns sharp or acute (rostral horns very short; only two anterolateral<br />

spines) M. holderi<br />

Rostral horns blunt, either subtruncate or tuberculiform 8<br />

8. (7) Carapace paved with close-set granules or tubercles ,....., 9<br />

Carapace not paved with close-set granules or tubercles. 10<br />

9. (8) Carapace paved with convex tubercles, each granulate ......»•<br />

. M. hemphilli, mature<br />

Carapace paved with flat, tessellated granules (lateral margins of carapace spinous;<br />

carpus of cheliped nearly smooth above, three tubercles on inner edge)<br />

M. verrucosus<br />

10. (8) Spine on, or just above, posterolateral margin of carapace. ,..,.,, 11<br />

Tubercle, instead of spine, on, or just above, posterolateral margin of carapace.... 12<br />

11. (10) Two parallel and nearly transverse rows of well marked tubercles and spines on<br />

posterolateral region M. caribbaeus, small or medium size<br />

One row of not more than two or three well marked tubercles and spines on<br />

posterolateral region; prehensile edges of fingers of very old specimens entire; not<br />

crenulated, in gape, except on tubercle ...'.. M. hispidus<br />

12. (10) Carapace very wide, anterior, marginal, branchial lobe strikingly protuberant;<br />

posterolateral slope of carapace smooth, behind row of two conical tubercles<br />

leading obliquely inward from spine at lateral angle; rostral sinus V-shaped..........<br />

.. M. tor tug ae<br />

Carapace narrower, anterior, branchial protuberance not strikingly prominent;<br />

. posterolateral slope of carapace rough, with few tubercles or granules 13<br />

13. (12) Well marked, posterolateral tubercle present, outermost of transverse row of three,<br />

this row having similar row in front of it; prehensile edges of fingers crenulated<br />

along gape; rostral sinus U-shaped M. caribbaeus, la rge<br />

Almost transverse row of two <strong>large</strong> tubercles leading inward from spine at lateral<br />

angle; tubercles behind and immediately in front of it all very small or granules;<br />

rostral sinus V-shaped in young, U-shaped in old Af. pleuracanthus<br />

14. (1) Carapace longer than broad V M. cinctimanus<br />

Carapace broader than long. 15<br />

15. (14) Anterolateral margins cut into rounded lobes only. 16<br />

Anterolateral margins cut into spines or angular lobes or spines and lobes 17

---

Fam ily Majidae 503<br />

16. (15) Anterolateral margin cut into three lobes (posterior part of carapace nodose, not<br />

eroded; inner margin of cheliped not laminate) M. coryphe<br />

Anterolateral margin cut into four lobes; carpus of cheliped smooth, margin not<br />

laminate or dentate ... M. sculptus<br />

17. (15) Four anterolateral protuberances behind orbit; carpus of cheliped smooth above and<br />

with <strong>one</strong> inner tooth M. forceps<br />

Three anterolateral protuberances behind orbit; carpus of cheliped obscurely<br />

tuberculate (palm without tubercle on outer surface at articulation with carpus)

---

504 Family Majidae<br />

Genus Pitho Bell, 1835<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

1. Second and third lateral teeth, exclusive of tooth at orbital angle, partially united at<br />

b<strong>as</strong>e 2<br />

Second and third lateral teeth not united at b<strong>as</strong>e... 5<br />

2.(1) First movable segment of antenna much wider than long, its outer lobe strongly<br />

produced laterally; lateral teeth of carapace blunt-tipped in adult P. aculeata<br />

First movable segment of antenna little, if at all, wider than long, its outer lobe<br />

produced <strong>as</strong> much anteriorly <strong>as</strong> laterally; lateral teeth of carapace acute 3<br />

3. (2) Lateral teeth subequal in size; carapace subcircular, front narrow P. laevigata<br />

Lateral teeth not subequal 4<br />

4. (3) L<strong>as</strong>t two lateral teeth not much, if at all, smaller than others (second lateral tooth<br />

very small, much smaller than first and third teeth) P. anisodon<br />

L<strong>as</strong>t two lateral teeth much reduced, at le<strong>as</strong>t in male (first movable segment of<br />

antennal slightly wider than long; lateral teeth sharper in female than in male, l<strong>as</strong>t<br />

two teeth more prominent than in male) P. Iheminieri<br />

5. (1) Lateral teeth five (exceptionally four), dentiform, their edges denticulate<br />

P. mirabilis<br />

Lateral teeth four, long and narrow, spiniform (rostral teeth acutely pointed)........<br />

P. quadridentata

---

Genus Podochela Stimpson, 1860<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

Family Majidae 505<br />

1. Postorbital protuberance a <strong>large</strong> lobe 2<br />

Postorbital protuberance a granule or wanting 3<br />

2. (1) Supraorbital margin armed with two long spines; sternal segments of male<br />

elevated, flat, closely and finely granulate; palm of adult male not inflated; rostrum<br />

long, spiniform, arched upward P. curvirostris<br />

Supraorbital margin armed with series of spinules or small spines; sternal<br />

segments of male not closely and finely granulate (palm of adult male not inflated;<br />

fingers contiguous; sternum of male laminate, each lamina overlapping <strong>one</strong> behind<br />

it; surface sparingly granulate with scattered, pointed granules; prominent lobe<br />

behind and below postorbital lobe; rostrum short, pointed) P. lamelligera<br />

3. (1) Rostrum long, ending in spine; palm inflated in male (rostrum less than half <strong>as</strong><br />

long <strong>as</strong> postrostral portion of carapace; gape between fingers of adult male<br />

subtriangular, deep at proximal end; size small, not over 13 mm long)<br />

P. gracilipes<br />

Rostrum short, not ending in spine 4<br />

4. (3) Rostrum thick, subtriangular, not hollow beneath (propodus of first walking leg<br />

four or more times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> dactylus; propodi of l<strong>as</strong>t two legs considerably<br />

longer than dactyli and slightly curved) P. macrodera<br />

Rostrum thin, hood-shaped, hollow beneath 5<br />

5. (4) Dactyli of l<strong>as</strong>t three walking legs curved, short, contained twice, or more than<br />

twice, in their respective propodi; cardiac prominence low P. nisei<br />

Dactyli of l<strong>as</strong>t three walking legs less curved and longer, those of l<strong>as</strong>t two pairs<br />

contained less than twice in their respective propodi; cardiac prominence higher<br />

and more acute or ending in short spine P. sidneyi

---

Family Miijidue<br />

Genus Pyromaia Stimpson, 1871<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

Rostrum tapering regularly to tip; chelipeds and walking legs covered with short,<br />

soft pubescence; no spines at proximal ends of meri of walking legs .<br />

P. cuspidata<br />

Rostrum triangular at b<strong>as</strong>e, then narrowing to slender spine; chelipeds and walking<br />

legs not noticeably pubescent; erect spine at proximal end of merus of each<br />

walking leg; short fringe of hair on each side of dactyli P. arachna<br />

Genus Rochinia A. Milne Edwards, 1875<br />

Key to species<br />

I Adapted from Rathbun, 19251<br />

Median spines six; g<strong>as</strong>tric spines six; two spines on b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segments<br />

............. R. cr<strong>as</strong>s a<br />

Median spines or tubercles fewer than six; g<strong>as</strong>tric spines or tubercles fewer than<br />

six 2<br />

Spines of carapace and rostrum long and slender; spine at angle of buccal cavity....<br />

........... R. hystrix<br />

Spines or tubercles of carapace short or of moderate length; no spine at angle of<br />

buccal cavity ..,3<br />

Dorsal tubercles mostly <strong>large</strong> and flat-topped R. umbonala<br />

Dorsal tubercles or spines acute, not <strong>large</strong> and flat-topped. R. tanneri

---

Genus Stenocionops Desmarest, 1823<br />

Key to species<br />

I Adapted from Rathbun, 1925]<br />

Family Majidae 507<br />

1. Hepatic region not en<strong>large</strong>d or produced beyond general outline of carapace; armed<br />

with not more than <strong>one</strong> <strong>large</strong> spine .. 2<br />

Hepatic region en<strong>large</strong>d and produced separately from curve of branchial region.. 4<br />

2. (1) Marginal spines behind orbit three (carapace widest between tips of anterior<br />

branchial spines) S. spinimana, young<br />

Marginal spines behind orbit more than three 3<br />

3. (2) Dorsal surface almost unarmed except for median intestinal spine<br />

S. furcata furcata<br />

Dorsal surface armed with spines; fewer than eight median spines<br />

S. furcata coelata<br />

4. (1) Median spines of carapace 12 or 13; marginal hepatic spines 3<br />

S. spinimanay adult<br />

Median spines of carapace 10; marginal hepatic spines 2 S. spinosissima

---

©<br />

Collodes trispittosus %•<br />

3<br />

male: ««<br />

Collodes obesus<br />

female:<br />

c. dorsal view SL<br />

a<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), sternal "<br />

view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. carapace, lateral view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Collodes robustus<br />

Collodes leptocheles<br />

f. dorsal view (male)<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

(after Felder, 1973)

---

Family Majidae 5()9

---

Epialtus bituberculatus g<br />

Epialtus kingsleyi<br />

c. dorsal view g<br />

holotype male:<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNM) f<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

b. left cheliped, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

Epiaitusdilatatm<br />

Epialtus longirostris<br />

f. dorsal view (male)<br />

& carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

e. left cheliped (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)

---

Family Majidae 511

---

Epialtus dilatatus forma elbi<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. dactylus of walking leg<br />

c. chela, external view<br />

(from Abele's personal drawings)<br />

EuprognatHa r<strong>as</strong>tellifiem<br />

EuprognatJia gracitipes<br />

e> dorsal-view (male)<br />

& dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)

---

Family Majidae 513

---

Libinia emarginata<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. tip of right fkstpleop€>d(gonopQd), lateral view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

IMmia erinacm<br />

Ubinia diibia<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

{after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

lateral view<br />

(afterWffiiams, 1984)

---

Family Majidae 515

---

cy*<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosumnodipes |<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum<br />

d. carapace, dorsal view (male) ^<br />

a. dorsal view (small male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

b. right chela, external view (adult male)<br />

c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), lateral<br />

view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Macrocoeloma subparallelum<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum, variety<br />

f. dorsal view<br />

e. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)

---

Family Majidae 517

---

Macrocoeloma eutheca<br />

Macrocoeloma diplacanthum<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), lateral view<br />

(after Williams, 19B4)<br />

Macrocoeloma emmptocerum<br />

Macrocoeloma laevigatum<br />

male:<br />

d. b<strong>as</strong>al antenna! segment (male)<br />

e: dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

f. tip of right ^t K pleoj^(gon©|k)d); lateral view

---

Family Majidae 519

---

.©<br />

i<br />

Macrocoetoma septemspinosum<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />

Microphrys bicomutus<br />

Microphrys antillensis<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Majidae 521

---

N><br />

•sj<br />

Mithrax pilosus g<br />

Mithrax spinosissimus<br />

---

^'••h'<br />

Family Majidae 523

---

in<br />

Mithrax hemphilli |<br />

Mithrax holderi<br />

b. dorsal view (female) 2<br />

a. dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925) I<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

Mithrax hispidus<br />

Mithrax verrucosus<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

f. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Majidae 525

---

Os<br />

•=1<br />

»<br />

3<br />

Mithrax caribbaeus $<br />

b. dorsal view (holotype male) .,»<br />

'•'•a<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925) *<br />

Mithrax tortugae<br />

a. dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

Mithrax cinctimanus<br />

Mithraxpleuracanthus<br />

male:<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

e. outline of carapace, dorsal view<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view (male)<br />

f. leftcheliped<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

g. fifth pereopod<br />

(e, afterRathbun, 1925; £ g,<br />

after Manning. 1970)

---

£^<br />

• \i~y<br />

Family Majidae 527

---

Mithrax sculptus =<br />

Mithrax coryphe<br />

b. dorsal view J]<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH) %<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />

Mithrax ruber<br />

Mithrax forceps<br />

e. dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

(after Ratfabun, 1925)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Majidae 529

---

Pitho laevigata<br />

Pitho aculeata<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

Pitho Iheminieri<br />

Pitho anisodon<br />

male:<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

abdominal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Majidae 531

---

Oft<br />

3<br />

PMo mirabiUs Pitho quadridentaia<br />

a. dorsal view (female) b. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925) . (after Rathbun, 1925)

---

Family Majidae 533

---

Podochela lamelligera<br />

Podochela curvirostris<br />

s:<br />

d. dorsal view I<br />

male:<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. carapace, lateral view<br />

c. sternum and abdomen<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

Podochela macrodera<br />

Podochela gmcilipes<br />

g. dorsal view (male)<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

f. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

v ^<br />

\\;<br />

i \\\'s w it<br />

Family Mujidae 535

---

in<br />

I*<br />

3<br />

«5"<br />

Podochela sidneyi<br />

Podockela riisei<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

J [

---

Family Majidae 537

---

in<br />

3<br />

5?<br />

Pyromaia arachna<br />

Pyromaia cuspidata<br />

c. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

male:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after-Williams, 1984)

---

Family Majidae 539

---

Rochinia hystrix<br />

Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view (female)<br />

3?<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

b. anterior part, ventral view (female)<br />

c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view (male).<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Rochinia tanned<br />

Rockmia mribonata<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

h. dorsal view<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

i. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

f. carapace, lateral view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

g. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

i r

---

s?<br />

Family Majidae 541

---

Stenocionops furcata coelata<br />

Stenocionops furcata furcata<br />

male:<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

c. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Stenocionops spinosissima<br />

Stenocionops spinimana<br />

f. dorsal view (male)<br />

holotype male:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Kurilily Mnjidae 543

---

t<br />

Achaeopsis thomsoni<br />

AcantHonyx petiverii<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

c. carapace, lateral view<br />

(afterMder, 1973)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)

---

Family Majidae 545

---

<strong>as</strong><br />

An<strong>as</strong>imus lotus I<br />

AepUms septemspinosus<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

b. left chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Aroehnopsis filipes<br />

Anomalothir furcillatus<br />

male:<br />

d. dorsal view (female)<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

f. left chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

\\ X<br />

Family Majidae 547

---

s«<br />

Chorinus heros ^<br />

2<br />

b. dorsal view (male) ~<br />

Batrachonotus fragosus<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Hemus cristulipes<br />

Coelocerus spinosus<br />

female:<br />

c. dorsal view (female)<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

lateral view (male)<br />

f. lateral view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

g. right cheliped<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

1<br />

Family Majldae 549

---

Leptopim setirostris<br />

Inachoides forceps<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Mocosoa crebripunctata<br />

Metoporhaphis calcarata<br />

f. dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view (male)<br />

e. right chela, external view (male)<br />

(after-Williams, 1984)

---

^:-JJ<br />

Family Majidae 551

---

Qptopisg, spinipes<br />

Nihilia anttlocgpm<br />

c. dorsal view (female)<br />

male:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

abdominal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Picroceroides tubukms<br />

Pelia mutiea<br />

f. dorsal view (male)<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

e. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

V:^<br />

^fn<br />

\'"CN ""ft'*' \

---

Stenorhynchus seticomis §<br />

Sphenocarcinus corrosus<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod), s<br />

sternal view %<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

b. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Time puella<br />

Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera<br />

g. dorsal view<br />

e. abdomen (mature female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />

f. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />

(after Wiliams et .at., 1977)

---

•<br />

Family Majidae 555<br />

S^^Wl-TWl^

---

Tyche etnarginata<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

d. tip of right first pleopod (gonopod).<br />

lateral view (male)<br />

c. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

:£L~?<br />

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Family Majidae 557

---

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Genus Parthenope Weber, 1795<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Gore and Scotto, 19791<br />

Family I'arthenopidae 55D<br />

1. Carapace ovate-pentagonal, surface little carinate in adult; chelipeds at le<strong>as</strong>t twice<br />

<strong>as</strong> Ion g <strong>as</strong> c arapace P. agon a<br />

Carapace broadly triangular, surface carinate or tuberculate, sides more or less<br />

rounded; chelipeds at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace 2<br />

2. (1) Carapace and chelipeds very flat; spine at end of main dorsal branchial ridge small..<br />

3<br />

Carapace very convex; spine at end of main dorsal branchial ridge <strong>large</strong>; chelipeds<br />

not flat 4<br />

3. (2) Triangular spines on outer margins of chelipeds rounded posteriorly; carapace with<br />

posterolateral spine directed laterally or nearly so; carapace moderately tuberculate;<br />

angle formed by posterolateral spine, g<strong>as</strong>tric tubercle and outer orbital margin<br />

always distinctly less than 90° P. serrata<br />

Triangular spines on outer margins of chelipeds acute, margins straight; carapace<br />

with posterolateral spine directed obliquely posteriad; carapace heavily tuberculate;<br />

angle formed by posterolateral spine, g<strong>as</strong>tric tubercle and outer orbital margin<br />

always 90° or nearly so P. granutata<br />

4. (2) Dactylus of walking leg 4 about 1.3 times longer than propodus; carapace much<br />

broader than long; palm with 8-10 teeth on inner, 10-12 teeth on outer margin<br />

P. pourtalesii<br />

Dactylus of walking leg 4 about 1.4 times longer than propodus; carapace little, it<br />

any, broader than long; palm with 6-8 teeth on inner, 3-5 teeth on outer margin<br />

P. fraterculus<br />

Genus Solenolambrus Stimpson, 1871<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Gore and Scotto, 1979]<br />

1. No spines or teeth on posterior or posterolateral margin; dorsal protuberance round<br />

S. tenellus<br />

Some teeth or spines on posterior or posterolateral margin; dorsal protuberance<br />

angular. .< 2<br />

2. (1) Not more than four teeth on posterior and posterolateral margins S. typicus<br />

Six teeth or spines on posterior and posterolateral margins; two median spines;<br />

spine near middle of branchial ridge S. decemspinosus

---

Parthenope serrata<br />

Parthenope agona<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

d. carapace, dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

mesial view<br />

b. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />

c. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />

f. second pleopod (gonopod), mesiolateral view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

g. right cheliped, dorsal view<br />

(after Gore and Scotto, 1979)<br />

Parthenope pourtalesii<br />

Parthenope granulata<br />

k. dorsal view (female)<br />

male:<br />

1. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view (male)<br />

h. dorsal view<br />

m. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view (male)<br />

i. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

j. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

^-.^ J<br />

Family Parthenopidae 561

---

Solenolambrus tenellus<br />

Parthenope fraterculus<br />

d. dorsal view (female)<br />

male:<br />

e. first pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

f. second pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view (male)<br />

b. right first pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

c. right second pleopod (gonopod), mesial view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Solenolambrus decemspinosus<br />

Solenolambrus typicus<br />

j. dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

g. dorsal view<br />

h. first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />

i. second pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

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Kamily I'arllionopitlae 563<br />

Ai A<br />

/ •" ! A A<br />

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---

Heterocrypta granulata<br />

Cryptopodia concava<br />

male:<br />

male:<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

e. first pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view<br />

b. second pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />

f. second pleopod (gonopod), mesiosternal view<br />

c. first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Mesorhoea sexspinosa<br />

Leiolambrus nitidus<br />

j. dorsal view (female)<br />

g. dorsal view<br />

k. anterior part, ventral view<br />

h. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

mesial view (male)<br />

1. second pleopod (gonopod), sternal view (male)<br />

m. first pleopod (gonopod), sternal view (male)<br />

i. second pleopod (gonopod) mesioventral view (male)<br />

(j, 1, m, after Williams, 1984: k, after Gore and<br />

Scotto, 1979)<br />

(g, after Felder, 1973; h, i, after Gore and Scotto, 1979)

---

^^•^5^<br />

"-•-. ^v- v.<br />

< i!<br />

•-H<br />

amity Parthenopidue 565<br />

~~rrf~7i \\n\ / / /<br />

>v '

---

in<br />

•a<br />

a.<br />

Tutankhamen cristatipes<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. anterior part, ventral view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)

---

Family Parthenopidae 567

---

3<br />

a

---

Families Atelecytiidae/Cancridae/Geryonidae 56*)<br />

Family Atelecyclidae<br />

Genus Trichopeltarion A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Carapace broader than long; surface thickly velvety; median frontal spine shorter<br />

than lateral <strong>one</strong>s j from Rathbun, 1930] T. nobile<br />

Family Cancridae<br />

Genus Cancer Linnaeus, 1758<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Anterolateral teeth of carapace with denticulate margins; upper margin of palm<br />

denticulate; outer orbital tooth with pointed tip, not coalesced with adjacent<br />

anterolateral tooth in small juveniles C. borealis<br />

Anterolateral teeth of carapace with margins granulate; chelipeds granulate, not<br />

denticulate; outer orbital tooth with rounded tip, coalesced with adjacent<br />

anterolateral tooth in small juveniles C. irroratus<br />

Family Geryonidae<br />

Genus Geryon Kr0yer, 1837<br />

Carapace broader than long; median pair of frontal teeth separated by wide sinus,<br />

teeth scarcely overreaching obtuse lateral frontal teeth; anterolateral teeth 5, second<br />

and fourth reduced, distance between first and third usually smaller than distance<br />

between third and fifth; cheliped with blunt lobe on upper margin of merus, carpus<br />

lacking outer spine, propodus lacking distal dorsal spine; meri of walking legs<br />

lacking distal dorsal spine [from Manning and Holthuis, 1984] G. fenneri

---

Cancer borealis<br />

Trichopeltarion nobile<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1925)<br />

5<br />

•S<br />

Geryonfenneri<br />

Cancer irroratus<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Manning and Holthuis, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Families Atelecyclidae/Cancridae/Geryonidae 57 1

---

572 Family Portunidae<br />

Family Portuiiidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Carapace with 3 to 5 teeth on anterolateral margin 2<br />

Carapace with 9 anterolateral teeth 4<br />

2. (1) Anterolateral teeth 3 Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti<br />

Anterolateral teeth 5 3<br />

3. (2) Anterolateral teeth similar, dentiform; dactyli of swimming paddles broadly oval;<br />

male abdomen oblong Ovalipes<br />

Long spine at lateral angle of carapace instead of tooth; dactyli of swimming<br />

paddles broadly lanceolate, pointed; male abdomen triangular<br />

Bathynectes longispina<br />

4. (1) Movable part of antenna excluded from orbit by prolongation of b<strong>as</strong>al segment;<br />

anterolateral teeth alternatively <strong>large</strong> and small Cronius<br />

Movable part of antenna not excluded from orbit. 5<br />

5. (4) Carpus of cheliped without mesiodistal spine; abdomen of male T shaped............<br />

Callinectes<br />

Carpus of cheliped with mesiodistal spine; abdomen of male triangular. 6<br />

6. (5) Front with 2 bifurcated teeth between inner orbitals; fissures on orbital margin<br />

broadly open; color light brown, thickly covered over dorsal surface with small<br />

white spots, reticulate pattern persisting in alcohol Arenaeus cribrarius<br />

Front with 4 separate teeth between inner orbitals (latter sometimes bifurcate);<br />

fissures on orbital margin closed except for shallow notch; color varied but never<br />

<strong>as</strong> above Portunus

---

.Genus Cailinectcs Slimpson, 1860<br />

Key to species b<strong>as</strong>ed on carapace<br />

(excluding juveniles)<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984J<br />

Family Portunidae 573<br />

1. Front with 2 prominent, broad-b<strong>as</strong>ed, triangular teeth between inner orbitals; each<br />

with or without rudimentary submesial tooth on mesial slope C. sapidus<br />

Front with 4 teeth between inner orbitals or 2 prominent teeth separated by space<br />

often bearing pair of rudimentary submesial teeth 2<br />

2. (1) Submesial pair of frontal teeth well developed and more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> lateral<br />

pair (me<strong>as</strong>uring from b<strong>as</strong>e of lateral notch between teeth) C. bocourti<br />

Frontal teeth decidedly unequal in size, submesial pair no more than half <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong><br />

lateral pair (me<strong>as</strong>uring from b<strong>as</strong>e of lateral notch between teeth) 3<br />

3. (2) Carapace very smoothly granulate, lines of granules visible but barely perceptible<br />

to touch (except epibranchial line variably prominent).. C. similis<br />

Carapace coarsely granulate, scattered granules and lines of granules quite evident<br />

to sight and touch 4<br />

4. (3) Anterolateral teeth (exclusive of outer orbital and lateral spine) lacking shoulders<br />

and swept forward 5<br />

Anterolateral teeth (exclusive of outer orbital and lateral spine) lacking shoulders,<br />

not swept forward 6<br />

5. (4) Anterolateral teeth well separated, all except first 3 and lateral spine with anterior<br />

margins concave; chelipeds with ridges finely granulated C. larvatus<br />

Anterolateral teeth adjacent, stout, anterior margins not noticeably concave, fifth<br />

tooth often <strong>large</strong>st; chelipeds with ridges coarsely granulated ..... C. ex<strong>as</strong>peratus<br />

6. (4) Submesial pair of frontal teeth absent or vestigial C. ornatus<br />

Submesial pair of frontal teeth never vestigial, but no more than half length of<br />

lateral pair C. danae<br />

Genus Cronius Stimpson, 1860<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />

Four spines on palm; spine at posterodistal angle of merus of each swimming leg...<br />

C. ruber<br />

Two spines on palm; row of spinules but no spine on posterodistal margin of<br />

merus of each swimming leg C. tumidulus

---

574 Family Portunidae<br />

Genus Ovallpes Rathbun, 1898<br />

Key to species<br />

Carapace with relatively coarse granulation behind frontal margin and inside<br />

anterolateral borders, median elongate tract of slightly but variably en<strong>large</strong>d<br />

granules extending from mesog<strong>as</strong>tric to anterior cardiac region .. O. stephehsoni<br />

Carapace with granulation generally fine but more pronounced anteriorly, lacking<br />

narrow tract of slightly en<strong>large</strong>d granules in midline O. floridanus<br />

Genus Portunus Weber, 1795<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Carapace wide, anterolateral margins forming arc of circle with center near<br />

posterior margin 2<br />

Carapace narrow, anterolateral margins forming arc of circle with center near<br />

middle of cardiac region 6<br />

2. (1) Stridulating ridge present on lower surface of carapace; spine at posterior angle of<br />

carapace P. vocans<br />

Stridulating apparatus absent; posterior angles of carapace unarmed. .. 3<br />

3. (2) Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg armed with row of spinules<br />

but no spine (frontal teeth blunt; width of merus of swimming legs equal to length<br />

of anterior margin) P. gibbesii<br />

Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg unarmed 4<br />

4. (3) Carapace convex, mostly smooth and glossy; palm of chela swollen, only 1 spine<br />

on upper margin P. sayi<br />

Carapace uneven, not smooth and glossy; 2 spines on upper margin of palm;<br />

submesial teeth of front very small 5<br />

5. (4) Spine at posterodistal margin of merus of cheliped; submesial teeth of front much<br />

less advanced than outer teeth .P. anceps<br />

No spine at posterodistal margin of merus of cheliped; submesial teeth of front<br />

nearly or quite <strong>as</strong> advanced <strong>as</strong> outer teeth P. venlratis

---

Family Portunidae 575<br />

6. (1) Posterodistal margin of merus of swimming leg unarmed; 2 spines on upper<br />

margin of palm 7<br />

Posterodistal margin of merus of swimming leg armed with <strong>one</strong> or two spines or<br />

with spinules or wi th both 8<br />

7. (6) Lateral spine of carapace similar to and very little <strong>large</strong>r than preceding spine or<br />

tooth; upper margin of dactylus on chela conspicuously fringed with long hairs<br />

P. depressifrons<br />

Lateral spine of carapace much <strong>large</strong>r than preceding spine or tooth and directed<br />

more outward; upper margin of dactylus on chela with hair inconspicuous<br />

P. floridanus<br />

8. (6) Erect spine on b<strong>as</strong>is of each swimming leg; <strong>large</strong> round persistent red spot on<br />

posterolateral slope of carapace P.sebae<br />

No erect spines on b<strong>as</strong>es of swimming legs; no <strong>large</strong> persistent red spot on<br />

posterolateral slope of carapace 9<br />

9. (8) Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg armed with <strong>one</strong> spine besides<br />

inconspicuous spinules P. spinimanus<br />

Posterodistal margin of merus of each swimming leg armed with spinules but no<br />

spines 10<br />

10. (9) Chelipeds with mesiodorsal spine of carpus less than half length of palm<br />

P. ordwayi<br />

Chelipeds with mesiodorsal spine of carpus greater than half length of palm 11<br />

11. (10) Two distinct submedian red spots in middle of carapace, <strong>one</strong> on each branchial<br />

lobe P. binoculus<br />

No submedian red spots in middle of carapace P. spinicarpus

---

Callinectes bocourti<br />

Callinectes sapidus<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

d. right chela, external view<br />

b. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />

e. left chela, external view<br />

(a, after Williams, 1978; b, after Williams, 1984)<br />

f. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />

(c, d, e, after Williams, 1978; f, after Williams, 1984)<br />

Callinectes larvatus<br />

Callinectes similis<br />

k. carapace, dorsal view<br />

g. carapace, dorsal view<br />

1. right chela, external view<br />

h. right chela, external view<br />

m. left chela, external view<br />

i. left chela, external view<br />

n. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />

j. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />

(k, 1, m, after Williams, 1978, <strong>as</strong> C. marginatus;<br />

n, after Williams, 1984)<br />

(g, h, i, after Williams, 1978; j, Williams, 1984)

---

Family Portunidae 577

---

Callinectes ornatus<br />

Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus<br />

"53<br />

89<br />

3<br />

e. carapace, dorsal view<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

f. right chela, external view<br />

b. right chela, external view<br />

g. left chela, external view<br />

c. left chela, external view<br />

h. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />

& first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />

(e, f, g, after Williams, 1978: h, after<br />

Williams, 1984)<br />

(a, b, c, after Williams, 1978; d, after<br />

Williams,1984)<br />

Callinectes danae<br />

i. carapace, dorsal view<br />

j. right chela, external view<br />

k. left chela, external view<br />

1. first pleopods (gonopods) (male)<br />

(i, j, k, after Williams, 1978; 1, after<br />

Williams, 1984)

---

Family Portunidae 579

---

in<br />

©•<br />

69:<br />

Cronius tumidulus I<br />

Cronius ruber<br />

b. dorsal view (male) o<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />

(after -Williams, 1984)<br />

Ovalipes floridanus<br />

Ovalip.es. stephensoni<br />

d. anterior part of carapace and chelipeds,<br />

c. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1976)<br />

(after Williams, 1976)

---

luuully Pol lunldiu' 581

---

in<br />

I<br />

Portunus gibbesii<br />

Portunus vocans<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

•fl<br />

(after Williams, 1984) %<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. left half of carapace, ventral view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Portunus anceps<br />

Portunus sayi<br />

e. dorsal view (male)<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Portunidae 583

---

in<br />

.fe.<br />

Portunus depressions<br />

Portunus ventralis<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />

a<br />

(after Williams, 1984) s<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Portunus sebae<br />

Portunus floridanus<br />

d. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Portunidae 585

---

:

---

Family Portunidae 587

---

Batfoynectes longispina<br />

Arenaeus cribrarius<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

c. abdomen<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930, <strong>as</strong> B. superba)<br />

Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)

---

Family Portunidae 589

---

*3<br />

O

---

Family (j<strong>one</strong>pkicidae<br />

Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae 591<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918, Guinot, 1969, and Williams, 1984J<br />

1. B<strong>as</strong>e of third segment of male abdomen covering whole space between l<strong>as</strong>t pair of<br />

legs .... 2<br />

B<strong>as</strong>e of third segment of male abdomen not covering whole space between l<strong>as</strong>t pair<br />

of legs ...... 9<br />

2. (1) Carapace subquadrate, anterior border entirely occupied by square-cut front and<br />

orbits, the latter being long, narrow trenches; carapace widest between postorbital<br />

angles 3<br />

Carapace xanthoid, widest behind postorbital angles; orbits of normal size and<br />

form 4<br />

3. (2) Chelipeds with patch or tufts of hair on distal part of carpus and proximal part of<br />

palm Frevillea<br />

Chelipeds without patch or tufts of hair on distal part of carpus and proximal part<br />

of palm Gon eplax sigsbei<br />

4. (2) Inner angle of carpus of cheliped prominent with two acute teeth (carapace very<br />

narrow, more than 3/4 <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad; male abdomen with segments free)<br />

.. Neopilumnoplax americana<br />

Inner angle of carpus of cheliped with <strong>one</strong> acute tooth 5<br />

5. (4) Front very narrow, much less than 1/3 of carapace width 6<br />

Front rather broad, more than 1/3 of carapace width 7<br />

6. (5) Male first gonopod extremely long, slender and filiform, incurved and almost<br />

without ornamentation Chacellus filiformis<br />

Male first gonopod robust, distal portion dilated, triangular in shape.<br />

Euphrosynoplax clausa<br />

7. (5) Carapace much broader than long; anterolateral teeth with granular margins<br />

Nanoplax xanthiformis<br />

Carapace narrow; anterolateral teeth with smooth margins 8<br />

8. (7) Carapace narrow, barely widened near front, with poorly defined regions; four<br />

anterolateral teeth, including outer orbital Thal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta<br />

Five anterolateral teeth, second well developed Pilumnoplax elata

---

592 i ^ani i ly (»o ne p I a cid a e<br />

9. (1) Carapace subquadrate, anterior margin almost completely occupied by front and<br />

elongate orbits 10<br />

Carapace xanthoid, anterior margin consisting of front, orbits, and anterior part of<br />

arched, toothed, anterolateral border 12<br />

10. (9) Two anterolateral teeth present, including outer orbital Sotoplax rdberisi<br />

Three anterolateral teeth present ...11<br />

11. (10) Antennae excluded from orbit EiiiypltiX nitida<br />

Antennae entering orbit. TrapeziopldX tridehtdta<br />

12.(9) Posterolateral borders imperceptibly convergent (almost parallel); eyestalks<br />

tapering to reduced cornea and conspicuously hairy Speocarcinus tobcitiis<br />

Posterolateral borders obviously convergent; eyestalks rather thick and riot<br />

conspicuously hairy 13<br />

13. (12) Fronto-orbital border about half total width of carapace........................;....,.,...<br />

PseudorhoMila quadridentata<br />

Fronto-orbital border from 3/5 to 3/4 total width of carapace 14<br />

14. (13) Carapace broad, width 1.5 times length (anterolateral teeth with smooth margins,<br />

first 2 coalesced, third <strong>large</strong>st, obtuse, with strongly curved lateral margin)<br />

Panoplax depressa<br />

Carapace narrow, width 1.3 times length. 15<br />

15. (14) Merus of outer (third) maxillipeds with antero-external angle prominent,<br />

acutangular (front prominent and almost straight, with small median notch; usually<br />

4 anterolateral teeth, second tooth <strong>large</strong>st; carpus of chelipeds smooth)<br />

Glyptopldx sntithii<br />

Merus of outer maxillipeds with antero-external angle neither prorninent nor<br />

acutangular (carapace narrow, hexagonal; five anterolateral teeth, including orbital<br />

tooth) Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus

---

\<br />

Genus Frevillea A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Key to species<br />

Family C<strong>one</strong>placidae 593<br />

Orbital spine long, projecting laterally; next spine very small; sides of carapace<br />

strongly convergent posteriorly F. barbata<br />

Orbital spine projecting more forward than that of F. barbata', sides of carapace<br />

much less convergent posteriorly than those of F. barbata-, long and dense tuft of<br />

hair on distal half of carpus and proximal part of palm in cheliped F. hirsuta

---

en<br />

I<br />

1<br />

Frevillea hirmta ^<br />

FrevBlea barbata<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Guinot, 1969)<br />

Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus<br />

Chacellus filiformis<br />

f. carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

g. right outer (third) maxilliped (female)<br />

& distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

e. first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />

(after Guinot, 1969)

---

Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae 595

---

I<br />

Euryplax nitida |<br />

Euphrosynoplaxclausa<br />

d. dorsal view (male) o<br />

a. dorsal view (paratope male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

b. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />

c. first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />

(after Guinot, 1969)<br />

Gomplax sigsbei<br />

Glyptoplax smithii<br />

f. dorsal view (male)<br />

e. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

^-<br />

Family C<strong>one</strong>placitlae 597

---

NeopUumnopkix americana<br />

Nanoplaxxantftifbrmis<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

PseudorkombHa quadridentata<br />

Panopldxdepmssa<br />

& carapace, dorsal view<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

e. merus of walking leg<br />

(after Williams; 1984)<br />

f. first pleopod (gonopod)<br />

(after Hernandez, 1982)

---

Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae 599

---

Spwcarctitm lobatus<br />

Sotoplax robertsi<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

a, carapace, dorsal view<br />

(after Guinot, 1969)<br />

b, part of sternum and abdomen near coxa of left<br />

fifth pereopod, ventral view<br />

(after Guinot, 1984)<br />

Tmpezioplax tridentata<br />

Tkal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta<br />

male:<br />

d. dorsal view (paratype male)<br />

e. carapace, dorsal view<br />

(after Guinot, 1969)<br />

f. abdomen<br />

(after Rathbu% 191=8>, d&Prionoplaxatlantica)

---

Family (i<strong>one</strong>phiciclae 601

---

602 Family G<strong>one</strong>placidae

---

Family Xanthidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Xanthidae 603<br />

1. Ridges defining efferent branchial channels, if present, low and confined to<br />

posterior part of endostome, never reaching to anterior boundary of buccal cavity ..<br />

. . 2<br />

Ridges defining efferent branchial channels extending to anterior boundary of<br />

buccal cavity and often very strong 25<br />

2. (1) Fronto orbital border less than half greatest width of carapace 3<br />

Fronto orbital border half or more than half greatest width of carapace .10<br />

3. (2) Anterolateral border of carapace thin, cristiform; upper border at le<strong>as</strong>t of arms and<br />

of merus, carpus, and propodus of each leg sharp, cristiform<br />

Platypodiella spectabilis<br />

Anterolateral border of carapace and upper borders of legs not cristiform 4<br />

4. (3) Anterolateral border entire up to strong lateral epibranchial tooth; carapace perfectly<br />

smooth without trace of regions; chelipeds unequal, fingers pointed; front threelobed<br />

Carpilius corallinus<br />

Anterolateral border cut into teeth or lobes 5<br />

5. (4) Surface of carapace nearly smooth (superior inner tooth of orbit distinct though<br />

small; anterolateral rim lobate or dentate and continued behind widest part of<br />

carapace, its chord longer than posterolateral distance) Xantho denticulata<br />

Carapace usually conspicuously lobulate, granulate, or eroded 6<br />

6. (5) Carapace and legs deeply eroded Glyptoxanthus erosus<br />

Carapace lobulate or granulate, chelipeds and walking legs also granulate, often<br />

hairy 7<br />

7. (6) Areoles low, separated by narrow furrows; marginal divisions of carapace<br />

lobiform, not angular, dentiform or spiniform (carapace uniformly granulate; black<br />

color of immovable finger of adult male widely extended on palm; fingers<br />

grooved, sharply granulate) Platyactaea setigera<br />

Areoles low or high and convex, separated by narrow or wide furrows; marginal<br />

divisions of carapace various, angular, dentiform or spiniform 8<br />

8. (7) Carapace covered dorsally with spines or sharp tubercles or carapace covered with<br />

granules and areoles low, separated by narrow furrows Actaea<br />

Carapace covered with granules and areoles high, convex, widely separated 9

---

604 Family Xanthidae<br />

9. (8) Areoles separated by short pubescence; anterior n<strong>as</strong>og<strong>as</strong>tric nodule small.<br />

Paractaea rufopunctata nodosa<br />

Areoles r<strong>as</strong>pberry-like, set in thick coat of long hair; palms shaggy; fingers broad,<br />

smooth, sharp-edged, acutely tipped Banareia palmeri<br />

10. (2) Anterolateral margin continued forward and downward to anterior angle of buccal<br />

cavity instead of to orbit (superior inner orbital tooth absent)<br />

Carpoporus papulosus<br />

Anterolateral margin continued to orbit. 11<br />

11. (10) Dorsal surface of carapace covered with <strong>large</strong> and small lobules often arranged in<br />

triads, tending to proliferate with incre<strong>as</strong>ing age Allactaea lithostrota<br />

Dorsal surface of carapace not covered with <strong>large</strong> and small lobules.. .12<br />

12. (11) Carapace rough and hairy except on margin of front and orbits; lunate crest above<br />

carpus of each walking leg; anterolateral margin spinous<br />

Heteractaea ceratopus<br />

Carapace smooth (non-granulate) and bare or nearly so 13<br />

13. (12) Carapace transversely oval. 14<br />

Carapace more or less hexagonal or subquadrate. 18<br />

14. (13) Anterolateral teeth strong 15<br />

Anterolateral teeth not strong 17<br />

15. (1.4) L<strong>as</strong>t (or most posterior) of anterolateral teeth directed outward (areolations of<br />

carapace not crossed by granulated ridge; anterolateral edge thick)<br />

Leptodius parvulus<br />

L<strong>as</strong>t (or most posterior) of anterolateral teeth directed obliquely forward 16<br />

16. (15) Granulation of carapace and chelipeds inconspicuous; lateral teeth of carapace<br />

rather broad and flat (dark color of both immovable fingers of male continued on<br />

palm) Cataleptodius floridanus<br />

Granulation coarse; lateral teeth of carapace subcorneal, hooked.<br />

Pseudomedaeus<br />

17. (14) Carapace depressed; anterolateral margin thin, teeth little projecting, second tooth<br />

fused with first Eurypanopeus<br />

Carapace convex, smooth; anterolateral margin faintly lobed or toothed; palms<br />

elongate, major palm at le<strong>as</strong>t twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> minor; fingers short.. Paraliomera

---

Family Xanthidae 605<br />

18. (13) Frontal and anterolateral regions rough with numerous tubercles, spinules, or<br />

sharp granules; walking legs spinulous above 19<br />

Frontal and anterolateral regions relatively smooth, never spinulous or sharply<br />

granulous 20<br />

19. (18) Anterolateral regions coarsely tuberculate (b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment broad,<br />

prolonged into orbital hiatus; front prominent, four-toothed; fingers spo<strong>one</strong>d).....<br />

Etisus maculatus<br />

Anterolateral regions, chelipeds and walking legs spinulous or sharply granulous;<br />

size small; anterolateral margin shorter than posterolateral, with either second or<br />

fifth tooth or both reduced or wanting; b<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not reaching or<br />

barely reaching prolongation from front Micropanope<br />

20. (18) Only four anterolateral teeth including orbital angle; carapace very convex from<br />

front to back; front truncate; chelae elongate Tetraxanthus<br />

Five anterolateral teeth 21<br />

21. (20) Anterolateral teeth small, thick, widely separated; few smooth transverse ridges<br />

on anterolateral and epig<strong>as</strong>tric regions; legs thickly hairy •<br />

Chlorodiella longimana<br />

Anterolateral teeth broad, flat, first and second more or less fused 22<br />

22. (21) Third segment of male abdomen not reaching coxae of legs of l<strong>as</strong>t pair; carapace<br />

subquadrate, broad behind, front truncate Rhithropanopeus harrisii<br />

Third segment of male abdomen reaching coxae of legs of l<strong>as</strong>t pair; carapace<br />

narrower behind 23<br />

23. (22) Carapace crossed by broken, transverse, raised, granulated lines on anterior half;<br />

front nearly transverse, not advanced; first and second anterolateral teeth partially<br />

fused Panopeus<br />

Carapace narrow, not crossed by transverse raised lines 24<br />

24. (23) Front arcuate, forming regular curve with anterolateral margins; second<br />

anterolateral tooth lobiform, separated from the first by shallow sinus; male<br />

abdomen constricted between fifth and sixth segments; terminal segment<br />

subtriangular Neopanope<br />

Hexagonal; front narrow, prominent beyond curve of anterolateral margins;<br />

posterolateral margins strongly converging; anterolateral teeth prominent;<br />

supraorbital lobe well marked Hexapanopeus<br />

25. (1) Fronto-orbital border half or less than half greatest width of carapace 26<br />

Fronto-orbital border much more than half greatest width of carapace 28

---

606 Family Xanthidae<br />

26. (25) B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment touching front (anterior marign of merus of outer (third)<br />

maxilliped not notched at orifice of efferent branchial channel; orbits oblong)<br />

< Eurytium limosum<br />

B<strong>as</strong>al antennal segment not nearly reaching front 27<br />

27. (26) Carapace broad, suboval; surface of carapace and chelipeds smooth Menippe<br />

Carapace not much broader than long, subcircular; chelipeds very rough<br />

Pilumnoides nudifrons<br />

28. (25) Fronto-orbital border about two-thirds greatest width of carapace; anterolateral<br />

borders shorter than posterolateral; front with narrow outer tooth, spine, or lobe,<br />

separated by notch from superior inner angle of orbit 29<br />

Fronto-orbital border much more than two-thirds greatest width of carapace.... 30<br />

29. (28) More or less hairy and generally armed with spines or sharp granules. Pilumnus<br />

More m<strong>as</strong>sive than preceding, carapace deeply lobulate anteriorly, anterolateral<br />

margin with three <strong>large</strong> teeth behind orbit hobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />

30. (28) Antennae not excluded from orbit; chelipeds long, merus reaching far beyond<br />

carapace; carapace resembling that of portunid Melybia thalamita<br />

Antennae excluded from orbit 31<br />

31. (30) Meri of outer (third) maxillipeds <strong>as</strong> long or nearly <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> broad<br />

Eriphia gonagra<br />

Meri of outer maxillipeds twice <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long; carapace and chelipeds armed<br />

with black spines Domecia acanthophora acanthophora

---

Genus Actaea De Haan, 1833<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1933]<br />

Family Xanthidae 607<br />

Carapace covered dorsally with conical spines or sharp tubercles; marginal lobes<br />

spinous; fingers short, channeled, rough except at tips; color purplish, pincers<br />

brown;length2.2cm...... ...A. acantha<br />

Carapace covered with granules; areoles low, separated by narrow furrows<br />

A. bifrons<br />

Genus Eurypanopeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />

1. Fingers of both chelae with acute tips, not spo<strong>one</strong>d 2<br />

Fingers of minor chela spoon-shaped at tip 3<br />

2. (1) Front double-edged, upper edge with line of granules E. abbreviatus<br />

Front not double-edged (first and second lateral teeth of carapace very unequal,<br />

separated by shallow sinus) E. turgidus<br />

3. (1) Minor palm two-thirds <strong>as</strong> high <strong>as</strong> major; transverse lines on dorsum not strikingly<br />

prominent E. depressus<br />

Minor palm half <strong>as</strong> high <strong>as</strong> major; few very prominent raised granulated lines on<br />

dorsum ...E. dissimilis

---

608 Family Xanthidae<br />

Genus Hexapanopeus Rathbun, 1898<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930]<br />

1. Fingers of major cheliped black, brown, or horn color . 2<br />

Fingers of major cheliped white or nearly so.... 5<br />

2. (1) Fifth lateral tooth almost obsolete H. cdribbaeus<br />

Fifth lateral tooth well developed... 3<br />

3. (2) Carpi of walking legs distinctly bilobed on superior margins H. lobipes<br />

Carpi of walking legs not bilobed on superior margins 4<br />

4. (3) Carpus of cheliped covered with tubercles, about 15 in number H. paulensis<br />

Carpus of cheliped not covered with tubercles, although it may be lumpy<br />

H. angustifrons<br />

5. (1) Fingers not deeply grooved; short granulated ridges on carapace... H. hemphillii<br />

Fingers deeply grooved; first two lateral teeth similar to, but smaller than,<br />

remaining teeth H. quinquedentatus<br />

Genus Menippe De Haan, 1833<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />

Surface of carapace not nodose, almost smooth; anterolateral teeth or lobes shallow<br />

or little projecting; stridulating apparatus present M. mercenaria<br />

Surface of carapace anteriorly nodose; anterolateral teeth strong, projecting well<br />

out from carapace; no stridulating apparatus M. nodifrons

---

Genus Micropanope Stimpson, 1871<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />

Family Xanthfdae 609<br />

1. L<strong>as</strong>t lateral tooth of carapace obsolescent 2<br />

L<strong>as</strong>t lateral tooth of carapace small but e<strong>as</strong>ily discernible 4<br />

2. (1) Carapace deeply areolated all over; legs unarmed; chelae high and heavy<br />

M. pusila<br />

Carapace areolated and rough anteriorly; legs spinulous 3<br />

3. (2) Second lateral tooth small but distinct; anterior carapace and carpus of cheliped<br />

finely granulate .. M. lobifrons<br />

Second lateral tooth fused with first and scarcely distinguishable; anterior carapace<br />

and carpus of cheliped deeply eroded M: sculptipes<br />

4. (1) Palms mostly smooth (lateral projections spiniform) M. spinipes<br />

Palms entirely or mostly rough 5<br />

5. (4) Second lateral tooth absent or fused with first or orbital tooth; palms rough with<br />

<strong>large</strong> bead granules M. nuttingi<br />

Second lateral tooth or spine present 6<br />

6. (5) Outer surface of major palm rough all over; chelipeds and legs long-haired<br />

.... M. urinator<br />

Outer surface of major palm partly rough; chelipeds and legs inconspicuously hairy.<br />

M. barbadensis<br />

Genus Neopanope A. Milne Edwards, 1880<br />

Key to species<br />

1. Movable finger of major chela with <strong>large</strong> b<strong>as</strong>al tooth N. packardii<br />

Movable finger of major chela without <strong>large</strong> b<strong>as</strong>al tooth 2<br />

2. (1) Dactylus of fifth pereopod longer than propodus N. texana<br />

Dactylus of fifth pereopod equal to or shorter than propodus N. sayi

---

610 Family Xanthidae<br />

Genus Panopeus H. Milne Edwards, 1834<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1930, and Williams, 1983]<br />

1. Dark color of immovable finger continued more or less on palm, especially in males.<br />

Dark color of immovable finger not continued on palm 7<br />

2. (1) Outer edge of fourth lateral tooth longitudinal or nearly so. P. americanus<br />

Outer edge of fourth lateral tooth arcuate 3<br />

3. (2) Edge of front thick, beveled, and with transverse groove P. bermudensis<br />

Edge of front if thick not transversely grooved 4<br />

4. (3) Major chela with cusps of teeth on immovable finger not reaching above imaginary<br />

straight line drawn between tip and angle at juncture of finger with anterior margin<br />

of palm (= length immovable finger) 5<br />

Major chela with cusps of teeth near midlength of immovable finger reaching above<br />

imaginary straight line drawn between tip and angle at juncture of finger with<br />

anterior margin of palm (= length immovable finger) 6<br />

5. (4) Coalesced anterolateral teeth 1-2 separated by shallow rounded notch, 2 broader<br />

than but not so prominent <strong>as</strong> 1; 4 curved forward <strong>as</strong> much <strong>as</strong> 3; 5 much smaller than<br />

4, acute and hooked forward; palm with distance between crest at b<strong>as</strong>e of movable<br />

finger and tip of cusp lateral to b<strong>as</strong>e of dactylus 0.7 or less length of immovable<br />

finger P. herbstii<br />

Coalesced anterolateral teeth 1-2 separated by deep rounded notch, adjacent slopes<br />

of 1 and 2 about equal, 2 nearly <strong>as</strong> prominent <strong>as</strong> 1; 4 not curved forward <strong>as</strong> much <strong>as</strong><br />

3; 5 much smaller than 4, usually projecting straight anterolaterally, sometimes<br />

slightly hooked; distance between crest of palm and tip of cusp lateral to b<strong>as</strong>e of<br />

movable finger 0.8 or more length of immovable finger P. simpsoni<br />

6. (4) Major chela with cusps of teeth in "molar area" of immovable finger very broad,<br />

often coalesced and worn, their external faces often flared or bowed outward<br />

P. lacustris<br />

Major chela with cusps of teeth in "molar area" of immovable finger somewhat<br />

en<strong>large</strong>d but separated from each other, in line with axis of finger, not bowed<br />

outward.. P. obesus<br />

7. (1) Carapace and chelipeds rough and hairy; outer surface of palm with longitudinal<br />

ridges P. rugosus<br />

Carapace and chelipeds not noticeably hairy; outer surface of palm without three<br />

longitudinal ridges 8<br />

2

---

Family Xanthidae 611<br />

8. (7) Carapace rough with upstanding bead granules; first and second lateral teeth<br />

similar, acute and widely separated ..... P. harttii<br />

Carapace nearly smooth; granules of carapace depressed; third to fifth lateral teeth<br />

less prominent and nearer together P. occidental-is<br />

Genus Paraliomera Rathbun, 1930<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />

G<strong>as</strong>tric region plainly but not deeply delimited; transverse fringe of hair on front;<br />

major palm thrice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> long slender minor palm P. longimana<br />

Carapace almost smooth, shining, very small; major palm twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> minor<br />

palm P. dispar<br />

Genus Pilumnus Leach, 1815<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1930]<br />

1. Margins of frontal lobes distinctly oblique and concave, some times nearly straight<br />

(marginal spines long; three at inner end of orbit curving over eyestalk; subhepatic<br />

region covered with sharp granules) P. spinosissimus<br />

Margins of frontal lobes more or less convex 2<br />

2. (1) Anterolateral spines or teeth five including outer orbital <strong>one</strong> (carapace convex; front<br />

granulate; upper margin of orbit spined, walking legs spinulous) P. longleyi<br />

Anterolateral spines or teeth four, or occ<strong>as</strong>ionally three, including outer orbital <strong>one</strong>..<br />

3<br />

3. (2) Walking legs very long and slender, longest <strong>one</strong> twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace (frontal<br />

lobes arcuate, fine denticulate) P. marshi<br />

Walking legs of moderate length, less than twice <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> carapace 4<br />

4. (3) Palms naked P. nudimanus<br />

Palms hairy or partly hairy 5

---

612 Family Xanthidae<br />

5. (4) Major palm with outer surface rough all over or nearly so (hairy covering short;<br />

long tubular hairs interspersed, numerous on legs and chelipeds giving them a<br />

ragged appearance; red bead tubercles showing on carapace, chelipeds, and legs)....<br />

P. gemmatus<br />

Major palm partly smooth and bare on outer surface 6<br />

6. (5) Hair on carapace not covering whole carapace or not forming coat thick enough to<br />

conceal surface beneath 7<br />

Hair covering whole carapace and forming thick coat concealing surface beneath... 9<br />

7. (6) Two or more superhepatic spines; all long spines black or dark colored .... P. sayi<br />

No superhepatic spines 8<br />

8. (7) Major palm smooth on <strong>large</strong>r part of outer surface P. d<strong>as</strong>ypodus<br />

Major palm rough on <strong>large</strong>r part of outer surface (front lobes shallow; margins of<br />

carapace long spined) P. caribaeus<br />

9. (6) Chelipeds spinous above; transverse row of long hairs across front. P. floridanus<br />

Chelipeds not spinous above; carapace tuberculate 10<br />

10. (9) Felt-like covering of carapace forming well defined areoles, deeply separated from<br />

<strong>one</strong> another; half or less than half of outer surface of major palm bare and smooth ...<br />

..P. holosericus<br />

Felt-like covering of carapace not forming well defined, deeply separated areolets. 11<br />

11. (10) Anterior half of carapace and upper surface of chelipeds dotted with bead-like<br />

tubercles; upper margin of orbit furnished with truncate spines P. pannosus<br />

Tubercles of carapace not numerous or prominent; upper margin of orbit not<br />

spinous P. lacteus

---

Genus Pseudomedaeus Guinot, 1968<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Xanthidae 613<br />

Median frontal notch V-shaped, usually narrow; margins of anterolateral teeth either<br />

spinous or with beadlike granules; carpi of chelipeds with strong internal spine,<br />

sometimes double P. ag<strong>as</strong>sizii<br />

Median frontal notch U-shaped; margins of anterolateral teeth almost always<br />

smooth (rarely granulated); carpi of chelipeds with stout internal double spine<br />

P. distinctus<br />

Genus Tetraxanthus Rathbun, 1898<br />

Key to species<br />

Lateral projections of carapace shallow, not prominent; carpi and chelae of<br />

chelipeds smooth with single lobe on inner margin of carpus T. rathbunae<br />

Third and fourth lateral teeth prominent; carpus and proximal portion of outer<br />

surface of palm distinctly rugose and having second, smaller tooth below and<br />

behind prominent inner carpal tooth T. bidentatus

---

I<br />

to<br />

3<br />

•to<br />

a<br />

a<br />

Actaea bifrons<br />

Actaea acantha<br />

male:<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

b. right chela, external view<br />

d. front, dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Family Xanthidae 615

---

Eurypanopeus turgidus<br />

Eurypanopeus abbreviates<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

d. fingers of right chela, external view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

e. fingers of left chela, external view<br />

b. right chela, external view<br />

(from Abele's personal drawings)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Eurypanopeus dissimilis<br />

Eurypanopeus depressus<br />

j. dorsal view (male)<br />

f. carapace, dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

g. fingers of right chela, external view<br />

h. fingers of left chela, external view<br />

i. walking leg<br />

(from Abele's personal drawings)

---

Family Xanthidae 617

---

•OS<br />

> - *<br />

-00<br />

ftexapanopeus lobipes •*,<br />

CO<br />

3<br />

d. dorsal view (male) ~<br />

Hexapanopeus caribbaeus<br />

male:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930) V<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

b. right chela, external view<br />

c. left chela, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Mempanopem paulensis<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

f. major chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Xanthidac 619

---

Hexapanopeus hemphillii<br />

Hexapanopeus angustifrom<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

b. major chela, external view<br />

d. right chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

e. left chela, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Hexapanopeus qmnquedeittatus<br />

f. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />

g. right chela, external view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Qj / >-<br />

Family Xanthidae 621

---

I<br />

Menippemercenarm Menippe nodifrons<br />

a. dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a) (after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Family Xanthidae 623

---

Micropanope lobifrons<br />

Micropanope pusilla<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

3<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

b. right chela, external view<br />

c. left chela, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Micropanope spinipes<br />

Micropanope sculpiip.es<br />

f. dorsal view (female)<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Xanthidae 625

---

Micropanope urinator<br />

Micropanope nuttingi<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Micropanope barbadensis<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view<br />

d. major chela, external view<br />

e. walking leg<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Family Xanlhidae 627

---

Neopanope texana<br />

Neopanope packardii<br />

d. carapace, dorsal view<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

e. distal portin of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

mesial view (male)<br />

b. right chela, external view<br />

f. denuded dactylus and propodus of fifth<br />

pereopod<br />

c. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod), lateral<br />

view (male)<br />

g. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

lateral view (male)<br />

(a, c, after Abele, 1972b; b, from Abele's personal<br />

drawing)<br />

(after Abele, 1972b)<br />

Neopanope sayi<br />

h. dorsal view (male)<br />

i. major chela, external view (male)<br />

j. denuded dactylus and propodus of fifth pereopod<br />

k. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod), mesial<br />

view (male)<br />

(h, i, after Williams, 1984; j, k, after Abele, 1972b)

---

Family Xanthidae 629

---

Panopeus bermudensis<br />

Panopeus americanus<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. major chela, external view<br />

after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Panopeus simpsoni<br />

Panopeus herbstii<br />

holotype female:<br />

male:<br />

f. carapace, dorsal view<br />

d carapace, dorsal view<br />

g. major chela, external view<br />

e. major chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1983)<br />

(after Williams, 1983)

---

^-,<br />

Family Xanthidue 631

---

ON<br />

Panopeus obesus £<br />

I.<br />

male: ^<br />

x<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view |<br />

Panopeus lacustris<br />

male:<br />

a. carapace, dorsal view<br />

d. major chela, external view g<br />

b. major chela, oblique dorsal view showing<br />

broadened "molar" teeth on immovable finger<br />

(after Williams, 1983)<br />

(after Williams, 1983)<br />

Panopeus rugosus<br />

e. dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Family Xanthidac 633

---

OS-<br />

I<br />

Panopeus occidentalis<br />

Panopeus hartii<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

male:<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

a. major chela, external view<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

jft^^<br />

Family Xanthidae 635

---

©\<br />

XSJ.<br />

!<br />

S.<br />

ParaUomem longtmana Pamlmmem dispm<br />

a. dorsal view (male) b. outline of carapace and eheliped, dorsal view<br />

(fernale)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Family Xanthidae 637

---

c»<br />

•3J.<br />

Pilumnus longleyi I<br />

Pilumnus spinosissimus<br />

female: x<br />

85b.<br />

dorsal view £<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

c. major chela, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Pilumnus nudimanus<br />

Pilumnus marshi<br />

holotype female:<br />

male:<br />

f. caraf ace, dorsal view<br />

& carapace, dorsal view<br />

g. right chela, external vew<br />

e. major chela, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Family Xanthidae 639

---

Piktmnus sayi<br />

Pilumnus gemmatus<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view (female)<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

c. major chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

PBimmus caribaeus<br />

PUumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus<br />

f. dorsad view (female)<br />

male:<br />

g. major chela, external view (male)<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

e. major chela, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

x ^<br />

Family Xanthidae 641<br />

-'•r.T,\

---

Family Xanthidac 643

---

4Sf<strong>as</strong><br />

35<br />

tt*<br />

Pseudomedaeus distinctus<br />

Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizH<br />

male:<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

c. major chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

family Xnnthidue 645

---

1<br />

s<br />

Tetraxanthus bidentatus<br />

Tetraxanthus rathbunae<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

male:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930, <strong>as</strong> T. rugosus)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. right ehela, external view,-.<br />

c. left chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Xanthidae 647

---

ON<br />

X!<br />

3<br />

Banareia palmeri<br />

Allactaea lithostrota<br />

c. carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />

allotype female:<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. left anterior portion, ventral view<br />

(after Williams, 1974a)

---

Family Xunthidue 649

---

Carpoporus papulosus<br />

Carpilius corallinus<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view (female)<br />

c. cheliped, frontal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Cataleptodius floridanus<br />

d. dorsal view<br />

e. fingers of right chela, external view<br />

f. fingers of left chela, external view<br />

g. walking leg<br />

(from Abele's personal drawings)

---

Family Xniitliiriiic 651

---

en<br />

fcs><br />

X<br />

Domecia acanthophora acanthophora<br />

Cfilorodiella longimcwa<br />

b. dorsal view (maie><br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)<br />

Etisus maculatus<br />

Eriphia gonagra<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

:^'-{:S<br />

Family Xanthidae 653

---

ON<br />

I<br />

Glyptoxantftm emsus<br />

Eurytium limosum<br />

e. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

b. m^jor chela* external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Leptodim pa&vulw<br />

HetermtaeafcerMopus<br />

e. dorsal view (male)<br />

d. dprsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1933)<br />

(after*Ramb!»B, L930)

---

Family Xanthidae 655

---

Melybiathalamita i<br />

L&bopUumnm ag<strong>as</strong>sim<br />

c. dorsal view (male) x<br />

male:<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. major chela, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Pilumnoides nudifrons<br />

Paractaea rufopunciata nodosa<br />

female:<br />

d. dorsal view (female)<br />

e. outline of carapace, dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

f. minor chela, external view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1930)

---

Family Xanthidae 657<br />

QJ

---

.So<br />

Plctfypodiella spqctahil® x<br />

65<br />

,3<br />

b; dorsal view (female) '"•.*£<br />

a<br />

(after Rathbun, 1£33) "<br />

Platyactam setigera<br />

a. outline of carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, I960)<br />

Xantho denticulata<br />

Rhffiiropanopeus harrisii<br />

male:<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

& dorsal view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

e. left chela, external view<br />

(after Monod, 1956)

---

Family Xanthidsfe 659

---

ON<br />

3<br />

x

---

Family (xccarciniclac<br />

Key lo genera and species<br />

IB<strong>as</strong>ed on RalhbiuT, 1918|<br />

Fronto-orbital border more than half width of carapace; exopod of each outer (third)<br />

maxilliped exposed and provided with flagellum Cardisoma guanhumi<br />

Fronto-orbital border less than half width of carapace; exopod of each outer<br />

maxilliped concealed or nearly so and without flagellum Gecarcinus<br />

Genus Gecarcinus Leach, 1814<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 19181<br />

Merus of third maxilliped wilh entire margin G. ruricola<br />

Merus of third maxilliped with inner distal emargination G. lateralis

---

OS<br />

ON<br />

Gecarcinus ruricola<br />

a<br />

Gecarcinus lateralis<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

a.<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

Cardisoma guanhumi<br />

G. ruricola, G. lateralis<br />

e. dorsal view (male)<br />

c. meri and ischia of outer (third) maxillipeds,<br />

ventral view (G. ruricola)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

d. meri and ischia of outer (third) maxillipeds,<br />

ventral view (G. lateralis)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)

---

Family Cecarcinidae 663

---

CV<br />

4-

---

Family Grapsidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918]<br />

Family Grapsidae 665<br />

1. Antennules visible in dorsal view 2<br />

Antennules hidden from dorsal view when folded 3<br />

2. (1) Carapace broader than long Plagusia depressa<br />

Carapace longer than broad ., Percnon gibbesi<br />

3. (1) Third maxilliped without oblique hairy ridge on exposed surface of merus. 4<br />

Third maxilliped with oblique hairy ridge on exposed surface of merus 10<br />

4. (3) Ventral margin of orbit incomplete, paralleled ventrally by deep groove and strong<br />

transverse crest; chelipeds very dissimilar 5<br />

Ventral margin of orbit entire, usually sharply produced, not paralleled by deep<br />

groove and supplementary crest; chelipeds similar 6<br />

5. (4) Palm of major cheliped prolonged proximally far beyond its articulation with carpus.<br />

, Platychirograpsus spectabilis<br />

Palm of major cheliped normal Euchirograpsus<br />

6. (4) Front much less than, half greatest breadth of carapace 7<br />

Front more than half, or about half, greatest breadth of carapace. 8<br />

7. (6) Fingers with broad, spo<strong>one</strong>d tips.., Grapsus grapsus<br />

Fingers acute, not spo<strong>one</strong>d Geograpsus lividus<br />

8. (6) Antennae excluded from orbit , Goniopsis cruentata<br />

Antennae entering orbit '...-..• 9<br />

9. (8) Carapace depressed, distinctly striated Pachygrapsus<br />

Carapace convex, almost smooth Planes minutus<br />

10. (3) Antennae excluded from orbit by tooth at lower inner angle of orbit meeting or<br />

nearly meeting front Aratus pisonii<br />

Antennae lodged in orbital hiatus 11<br />

11. (10) Carapace quadrate or subquadrate. Sesarma<br />

Anterior half of carapace with arcuate margin, posterior half rectangular<br />

Cyclograpsus integer

---

666 Family Grapsidae<br />

Genus Euefurograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1853<br />

l£ey to species<br />

[Adapted from Tiirkay, 1975J<br />

Suture of gonopod twisted from ventral to dorsal; suture present on dorsal face of<br />

terminal appendage .. E. americanus<br />

Suture of gonopod not twisted; linear along lateral margin of b<strong>as</strong>al fragment; suture<br />

present on ventral face of terminal appendage E. antillensis<br />

Genus Pachygrapsus Randall, 1840<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Chace and Hobbs, 1969]<br />

Ghelipeds with movable finger tuberculate on superior margin; first pleopod of male<br />

broad, terminating in very short corneous tip P. gracilis<br />

Chelipeds with movable finger smooth; first pleopod of male slender, terminating in<br />

long corneous obliquely T-shaped endpiece P. tratisversus

---

Genus $esav*na Say, 1817<br />

Key to species<br />

| Adapted from Abele, 1973]<br />

Family (Irapsidae 667<br />

1. Movable finger of male chela greatly en<strong>large</strong>d proximally; apex of gonopod with<br />

two sutures S. benedicti<br />

Movable finger of male chela normal, not greatly en<strong>large</strong>d proximally; apex of<br />

gonopod without two sutures 2<br />

2. (1) Superior margin of palm with distinct row of granules; movable finger with row of<br />

sharp tubercles dorsally; carapace with tooth or lobe posterior to outer orbital angle .<br />

,.,.,.•.......5<br />

Superior margin of palm without distinct row of granules; movable finger without<br />

row of sharp tubercles dorsally; carapace without tooth or lobe posterior to outer<br />

orbital angle ...... 3<br />

3. (2) Gonopod with endpiece central, not curved; merus of second walking leg with<br />

length greater than 2.6 times width S. ricordi<br />

Gonopod with endpiece lateral, curved; merus of second walking leg with length<br />

less than 2.6 times width 4<br />

4. (3) Dactylus of fourth walking leg unarmed dorsally 5. miersii<br />

Dactylus of fourth walking leg armed dorsally with short black spines ,<br />

S. cinereum<br />

5. (2) Tooth behind outer orbital angle deeply cut into carapace S. curacaoense<br />

Tooth behind outer orbital angle little more than lobe S. reticulatum

---

Eudmograpsus antillensis |<br />

Euchirogmpgus americanus<br />

d. meius of second pereopod -«<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) 2.<br />

(male) f<br />

b. disM portion of first pleopod (gonQpod) (male)<br />

c. merus of second pereopod<br />

(afterTukay, 1975)<br />

(a, after Williams, 1984; b, c, after limy, 1975)<br />

Pnchy&apsus transversus<br />

Pachy^mpsus gracilis<br />

g. dorsa£view<br />

f. dorsal: view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)<br />

(after C&a^and^bbs, 1969)

---

Family Grapsidae 669

---

Family Grapsidae 671

---

£0<br />

s<br />

"3<br />

Sesarma reticulatum<br />

Sesarma curacaoense<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(from Abele, in manuscript)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)

---

Family Grapsidae 673

---

0\<br />

•53<br />

Cyclograpsus integer •" 0<br />

Aratus pisonii<br />

b. dorsal view (male) "S<br />

a<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969) s<br />

a. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

Goniopsis cruentata<br />

Geograpsus lividus<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

e. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)

---

Family Clrapsidae 675

---

•=3<br />

•3<br />

Grapsus grapsus Percnon gibbesi ^<br />

a. dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male) '3<br />

(after Chaee and Hobbs, 1969) (after Williams, 1984) g<br />

Plagusia depressa<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Chaee and Hobbs, 1969)

---

Family Grapsidae 677

---

<strong>as</strong><br />

•-ago<br />

3<br />

O<br />

69<br />

•a<br />

Ptanes mimitus PlatychirogmpsmspeetabUis<br />

a., dorsal view (male) b. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984) (after Rathbun, 1918, <strong>as</strong> P.- typicus)

---

Family Grapsidae 679

---

680 Famijy Grapsidae

---

Family Pinnotheridae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| B<strong>as</strong>ed op Rathbun, 1018, and Williams, 1984|<br />

Family Pinnotheridae 681<br />

1. Dactyli of first, second, and third walking legs bifurcate .. Dissodactylus<br />

Dactyli of walking legs simple, acute 2<br />

2. (1) Third walking leg longest and broadest Pinnixa<br />

Third walking leg not longest and broadest 3<br />

3. (2) Walking legs diminishing in size from distinctly <strong>large</strong>st first to smallest l<strong>as</strong>t leg<br />

(carapace about twice <strong>as</strong> broad <strong>as</strong> long) Parapinnixa<br />

Walking legs not diminishing in size from first to l<strong>as</strong>t leg 4<br />

4. (3) Carapace with 2 longitudinal, impressed lines leading back from middle of upper<br />

margin of orbit; second walking leg longest Fabia<br />

Carapace without 2 longitudinal, impressed lines leading back from middle of upper<br />

margin of orbit; second and third walking legs nearly equal in length 5<br />

5. (4) Dactylus of third maxilliped very small and inserted at end of propodus<br />

-.. , Orthotheres strombi<br />

Dactylus of third maxilliped stiliform and inserted on inner side of propodus 6<br />

6. (5) Buccal m<strong>as</strong>s subquadrate; carapace somewhat orbicular and either smooth and<br />

membranous or firm and covered with short pile Pinnotheres<br />

Buccal m<strong>as</strong>s subtriangular; carapace firm, smooth Pinnaxodes floridensis

---

682 family fininrtjieridae<br />

Genus Dipsodqctylus Smith, 1870<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Rathbun, 1918]<br />

1. Dactylus of fourth walking leg bifurcate, <strong>as</strong> in other pairs; carapace covered with<br />

numerous transverse ridges; anterolateral margin dentate D. rugatus<br />

Dactylus of fourth walking leg simple, not bifurcate; carapace with no more than<br />

<strong>one</strong> dorsal ridge on each side; anterolateral margin entire, non-dentate.... u .2<br />

2. (1) Dorsal ridge transverse. , :..... ......D. itebitmgi<br />

Dorsal ridge oblique ;.....i.,.. 3<br />

3. (2) Secondary spines of dactyli of walking legs 1, 2, and 3 minute and remote front<br />

primary spine................. ... ........................................ 4<br />

Secondary spines of dactyli of walking legs 1, 2, and 3 of good size....... i 5<br />

4 (3) Propodus of third maxilliped widening sligntly distally; outer two-thirds of distal<br />

margin truncate .>>.. ,..*,. *•*•,....... -.v.-. *•,., .v...........;. -4......... ..v... D. borradailei<br />

Propodus of third rnaxilliped not widening; distally^ distal margin rbufkltedl......... i..<br />

^..»,...,^>.,v,........,....;., .........................................D. primitivus<br />

5. (3) Dactyli of walking legs 1,2, and 3 bifurcate halfway to their b<strong>as</strong>es.... ^ metUtae<br />

Dactyli of walking legs 1,2, and 3 bifurcate less than halfway to their b<strong>as</strong>es....,.*....<br />

......... .D, crihiticlielis<br />

Genus Fabia Dana, 1851<br />

Key to females of species<br />

[Adapted from Cobb, 1973]<br />

Third pereopod longer on right than on left side; transverse sulcus across frontal<br />

region , F. byssomiae<br />

Third pereopods equal in size; no transverse sulcus across frontal region,.......!:....<br />

.......;...... F.teUinae

---

Genus Parapinnixa Holmes, 1894<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Williams, 1984]<br />

Family Pinnotheridae 683<br />

Carapace less than twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> long , P. bouvieri<br />

Carapace more than twice <strong>as</strong> wide <strong>as</strong> long P. hendersoni<br />

Genus Pinnixa White, 1846<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Williams, 1984]<br />

1. Dorsal surface of carapace with four prominent transverse ridges<br />

. .... P. leptosynaptae<br />

Dorsal surface of carapace without four transverse ridges 2<br />

2. (1) Posterior part of carapace with conspicuous, sharp, transverse ridge extending<br />

uninterruptedly from side to side 3<br />

Posterior part of carapace without transverse ridge or with ridge falling well short<br />

of lateral margin of carapace 4<br />

3. (2) Carapace less broad, width-length ratio 2.5; lateral angles less acutely produced;<br />

third walking leg proportionately heavier, length-width ratios of merus and<br />

propodus 2.2 and 1.6 respectively, with no dense pubescence on posterior margin;<br />

female without rudimentary proximal tooth above immovable finger P. chacei<br />

Carapace more broad, width-length ratio 2.85; lateral angles more acutely produced;<br />

on third walking leg, length-width ratios of merus and propodus 2.9 and 1.8<br />

respectively, with rather dense pubescence on posterior margin; female with<br />

rudimentary proximal tooth above immovable finger P. cristata<br />

4. (2) Chela with inner margin of dactylus not smoothly bent 90° at 1/4 to 1/2 distance<br />

from its proximal end when flexed 5<br />

Chela with inner margin of dactylus smoothly bent 90° at 1/4 to 112 distance from<br />

its proximal end (adult male with dactylus flexed) 10<br />

5. (4) Immovable finger of chela with prehensile edge variously toothed, merging with<br />

lower margin at tip 6<br />

Immovable finger of chela with prehensile edge and lower margin connected<br />

distally by subterminal, oblique margin (female and juvenile male) 10

---

684 Family Pinnotheridae<br />

6. (5) Prehensile edge of immovable finger horizontal of inclined at less than 30° angle... 7<br />

Prehensile edge of immovable finger inclined! at more than 40° angle (juvenile male).<br />

10<br />

7. (6) Third walking leg with greatest length of merus more than twice greatest width,<br />

posterodistal end of ischium prolonged into stout curved spine (may be lacking in<br />

juvenile) ...; P. retinens<br />

Third walking leg with greatest length of merus less than twice greatest width,<br />

ischium lacking stout curved spine .....; :....;.;...;..... * 8<br />

8. (7) Outer surface of chela with numerous scattered granules and long hairs above midhorizontal<br />

row of granules; upper margin of dactylus bearing numerous long hairs ..<br />

;....;...;............ P. floridana<br />

Outer surface of chela with few, if any, grariuies; few short hairs (mainly on<br />

immovable finger and upper margin of dactylus) 9<br />

9. (8) Third walking leg with posterior surface of merus not deeply excavate behind<br />

smoothly beaded posterior margin P. cylindrica<br />

Third walking leg with posterior surface of merus deeply excavate behind nearly<br />

entire length of laminate arid strongly beaded* of tuberculate posterior margin<br />

* P. lunzi<br />

10. (4) Third walking leg with greatest length of propodus twice or more than twice its<br />

greatest width .......................^... k 11<br />

Third walking leg with greatest length of pfbpodus less than twice its greatest width.<br />

..............,.;..;.. 12<br />

11. (10) Third walking leg with inferoposteriof margin of merus coarsely granulated or<br />

toothed (may be concealed by hair) juvenile;.....^.....;.. P. chaetopterana<br />

Third walking leg with inferoposterior margin of merus finely toothed or granular...<br />

.. ... i P. sayana<br />

12. (10) Single bilobed cardiac ridge present. P. pearsei<br />

Two short ridges on cardiac region 1 P. chaetopterana

---

Genus Pinnotheres Bosc, 1801-1802<br />

Key to females of species (except for P. hemp hi Hi)<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1918]<br />

Family Pinnotheridae 685<br />

1. . Palp of outer (third) maxilliped <strong>large</strong>, nearly or quite half <strong>as</strong> <strong>large</strong> <strong>as</strong> merus<br />

P. maculatus<br />

Palp of outer maxilliped small, not nearly half <strong>as</strong> <strong>large</strong> <strong>as</strong> merus 2<br />

2. (1) Carapace wider than long P. ostreum<br />

Carapace <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> or longer than wide 3<br />

3. (2) Dactyli of all walking legs similar, falcate P. shoemakeri<br />

Dactylus of fourth walking leg of shape different from others, almost straight,<br />

except for slender, curved, horny tip P. moseri<br />

Key to males of species (except for P. moseri)<br />

| Adapted from Rathbun, 19181<br />

1. Carapace wider than long. 2<br />

Carapace <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> or longer than wide 3<br />

2. (1) Carapace octagonal; sternum sharply cristate P. hemphilli<br />

Carapace suborbicular; sternum not sharply cristate P. ostreum<br />

3. (1) Postlateral portion of branchial region inclined abruptly in steep plane, oblique to<br />

dorsal surface of carapace, in which it forms reentering angle P. shoemakeri<br />

Branchial region gradually inclined downward toward margin; carapace with 4<br />

<strong>large</strong>, persistent, white spots P. maculatus

---

,6&6 Family Pinnotheridae<br />

I<br />

•ft<br />

«<br />

<br />

.^<br />

CO<br />

a<br />

•a<br />

%<br />

S<br />

8.<br />

rrt<br />

£ '*T*<br />

>»i'<br />

h CD<br />

•4-2<br />

o<br />

,g<br />

w -^<br />

O .«)<br />

t3 £<br />

ci xi<br />

I<br />

3<br />

3<br />

o<br />

-4-><br />

JC3<br />

53<br />

I<br />

J<br />

• ><br />

1<br />

---

Family IMnnotlieridae 687

---

OS<br />

00<br />

00<br />

Dissodactylus mellitae Dissodactylus crinitichelis<br />

a. dorsal view b. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984) (after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Pinnotheridae 689

---

ON<br />

O<br />

65<br />

3<br />

Fabia tellinae<br />

Fabia byssomiae<br />

b. dorsal view (paratype male)<br />

a. left outer (third) maxilliped (female)<br />

c. dorsaliview (paratype female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Cobb, 1973)

---

Family Pinnotheridae 691

---

^<br />

Parapinnixa hendersoni<br />

Parapinnixa bouvieri<br />

b. dorsal view (female)<br />

a. dorsal view (ovigerous female)<br />

(after drawing at SI-NMNH)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family IMnnotheridiie 693

---

4^<br />

Pinnixa chacei =<br />

Pinnixa leptosynaptae<br />

b. dorsal view (holotype male) §<br />

3<br />

©<br />

a. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

c. right cheliped (holotype female) f<br />

(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968)<br />

(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955) |<br />

Pinnixa retinens<br />

Pinnixa cristata<br />

e. dorsal view (female)<br />

d. dorsal view (male)<br />

f. third walking leg (holotype male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

g. left chela* external view (holotype male)<br />

(after Williams, 1584)

---

Family Pinnotheridae 695

---

OS<br />

Pinnixa cylindrica £<br />

Pinnixa floridana<br />

male: ^<br />

..3"<br />

c. dorsal view I<br />

female:<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

d. right cheliped, external view<br />

b. left cheliped, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Pinnixa say ana<br />

Pinnixa lunzi<br />

male:<br />

e, dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

g. dorsal view<br />

t right cheliped, external view (male)<br />

h. right cheliped, external view<br />

(after WilMar<strong>as</strong>, 1984)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Pinnotheridae 697

---

•v©<br />

3S<br />

«1<br />

Pinnixa chaetopterana<br />

Pinnixa pearsei<br />

male:<br />

holotype male:<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

d. right cheliped, external view<br />

b. right cheliped, external view<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955)

---

Family Pinnotheridae 699

---

©<br />

Pinnotheres ostreum ft<br />

Pinnotheres maculatus<br />

female: ^<br />

5*'"<br />

c. dorsal view s.<br />

female:<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

d. left outer (third) maxilliped 5*<br />

b. left outer (thkd) maxilliped<br />

»."<br />

(c, after Williams, 1984; d, after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(a, after Williams, 1984; b, after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

Pinnotheres mosem<br />

ird) maxilliped<br />

e. endopod of rigfttsoute-r (i<br />

(afterRathbun, mty>

---

Family Pinnotheridae 701

---

-4<br />

.©<br />

Pinnotheres ostreum |<br />

Pinnotheres hemphilli<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

holotype male:<br />

(after Williams, 1984) I<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. left outer (third) maxilliped<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

Pinnotheres• tnaculatus<br />

Pinnotheres shoemakeri<br />

e. dorsal view (male)<br />

d. endopodxrf left outer (third)maxilliped<br />

(holotype male)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)

---

Family Pinnotherklae 703

---

si<br />

©<br />

Pinnaxodes floridensis<br />

Orthotheres strombi<br />

male:<br />

a. endopod of right outer (third) maxilliped<br />

(holotype male)<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

c. left ehelipedy outer view<br />

(after Wiiams, 1984)

---

i—i i i<br />

Family Pinnotheridae 705

---

7Q6 Family Pinnotheridae

---

Family Ocypodidae<br />

Key to genera and species<br />

| B<strong>as</strong>ed on Chace and I Iobbs, 19691<br />

Family Ocypodidae 707<br />

1. Fronto-orbital distance barely two-thirds of maximum carapace width; no<br />

specialized hair-fringed ventral opening between coxae of third and fourth<br />

pereopods Ucides cordatus<br />

Fronto-orbital distance at le<strong>as</strong>t nine-tenths of maximum carapace width; specialized<br />

hair-fringed opening between coxae of third and fourth pereopods 2<br />

2. (1) Carapace nearly subquadrate in adults, more than four-fifths <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide;<br />

cornea greatly swollen, occupying much more than half of extensor surface of distal<br />

segment of eyestalk; chelipeds somewhat unequal in both sexes Ocypode quadrata<br />

Carapace broader, seldom more than two-thirds <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> wide; cornea occupying<br />

less than half of extensor surface of distal segment of eyestalk; <strong>one</strong> cheliped greatly<br />

en<strong>large</strong>d in males, both chelipeds small and subequal in females Uca<br />

Genus Uca Leach, 1814<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Crane, 1975]<br />

1. Minor chela with gape wide, in middle at le<strong>as</strong>t half width of adjacent part of<br />

movable finger; opposing edges practically parallel in at le<strong>as</strong>t gape's proximal half<br />

and only chela tips in contact; serrations absent or at most few, minute, and<br />

irregular; male abdomen with some segments partly fused U. leptodactyla<br />

Minor chela with gape narrow, in middle clearly less than half width of adjacent<br />

part of movable finger, diminishing distally; opposing edges often almost in contact<br />

except gape's b<strong>as</strong>e (uncommon individuals of pugilator)', serrations distinct and<br />

regular throughout middle section; male abdomen with all segments distinct 2<br />

2. (1) No pile on walking legs in either sex (carapace moderately arched; tip of gonopod<br />

not thick and contorted but relatively flat and narrow with two flanges and tapering<br />

inner process; female gonopore not usually <strong>large</strong>, without raised rim) 3<br />

Ambulatory pile always present at le<strong>as</strong>t on second and third carpus and propodus.. 4<br />

3. (2) Cardiac H-form with rust-red pigmentation; gonopod in male continuing to follow<br />

curvature of shaft to tip of gonopod U. panacea<br />

Cardiac He-form with grey-brown pigmentation; gonopod in male diverging away<br />

from arm, causing tip of gonopod to form concave arch on side opposite arm<br />

U. pugilator

---

70$ Family Ocyfcodidae<br />

4. (2) Front narrow, contained at le<strong>as</strong>t 4.5 times in carapace breadth; palm with,dorsal<br />

beaded edge above carpal cavity, not curving down around cavity's distal margin ...<br />

(/. thayeri<br />

Front wider, contained at most 3.5 times in carapace breadth, usually less;,degree<br />

of downward curving of palm's dorsal beaded edge various ,., :...>. 5,<br />

5-. (4) Anterolateral margins practically straight, posteriorly always sharply angled; palm's<br />

dorsal beaded edge slanting only slightly downward, usually with little or na<br />

curvature ,. 6<br />

Anterolateral margins convex, curving gradually into posterodorsal margins; palm's<br />

dorsal beaded edge strong, curving distinctly downward along carpal cavity's upper<br />

di stal edge * 7<br />

6. (5) Spine or tooth present on inner surface of carpus; oblique ridge inside palm, very<br />

prominent. ...U. spinicarpq<br />

No spine on inner surface of carpus; oblique ridge inside palm moderately<br />

prominent ..-....' U. speciosa<br />

7. (5) Palm with oblique, tuberculate ridge vestigial to absent; pile in marbled pattern<br />

present over most of carapace (but often <strong>large</strong>ly absent through abr<strong>as</strong>ion); secpnd<br />

and third walking legs without pile in females, with pile in males, including lower<br />

palm; gonopod tip thick, its inner process broad and truncate;, female gonoppre with<br />

edge unevenly raised, with three unequal tubercles l/», vq^afdir<br />

Palm with oblique, tuberculate ridge always distinct, although tubercles often in,<br />

irregular rows or bands; pile on carapace absent or scanty, confined to H-fprm<br />

depression and, rarely, other grooves or anterolateral region, never in widely<br />

distributed marbled pattern; second and third walking legs always with pile on,<br />

carpus and palm in both sexes at le<strong>as</strong>t dorsally; gonopod with inner process<br />

narrow, tapering; female gonopore with edge raised or not and with or without<br />

single tubercle 8<br />

8. (7) Second and third walking legs with pile on ventral <strong>as</strong> well <strong>as</strong> dorsal sides of carpi<br />

and propodi (major chela with proximal ridge at dactylus b<strong>as</strong>e paralleling adjacent<br />

furrow; eyebrow strongly inclined, almost vertical; pile on ventral sides of walking<br />

carpus and propodus scanty, fragile, confined to anteroventral margins)<br />

, U. lortgisignalis<br />

Pile completely absent on lower sides of walking legs, .. .....,,........ 9

---

Family Ocypodidae 709<br />

9. (8) Proximal ridge at movable finger's b<strong>as</strong>e clearly diverging upward from adjacent<br />

groove, often either with angle ventrally or with curve throughout; center of palm<br />

always rough with tubercles of moderate size, not fine granules; tip of immovable<br />

finger never with outer subdistal crest but always with en<strong>large</strong>d, subdistal tubercle<br />

with posterior part of edge clearly raised U. burgersi<br />

Proximal ridge at movable finger's b<strong>as</strong>e straight, closely paralleling adjacent furrow<br />

or {minax only) in upper portion minutely diverging from it; center of palm various;<br />

tip of immovable finger always with outer, subdistal crest at le<strong>as</strong>t indicated and<br />

never with en<strong>large</strong>d, subdistal tubercle in gape's median row; meri of walking legs<br />

various; female gonopore various 10<br />

10. (9) Center of palm almost always finely granulate, usually appearing almost smooth,<br />

although exceptions occur; subdistal crest on outer surface of immovable finger<br />

almost always strongly developed, highest tubercle usually proximal with several<br />

others diminishing regularly toward tip; walking meri broad, dorsal margins of<br />

third and fourth clearly convex at le<strong>as</strong>t on <strong>one</strong> side in both sexes; apex of oblique<br />

tuberculate ridge on palm high, tubercles almost always continued little or not at all<br />

upward around carpal cavity; eyebrow only moderately inclined and usually<br />

narrower than smaller dimension of thickness of adjacent, depressed eyestalk;<br />

female gonopore with tubercle U. rapax<br />

Center of palm almost always with <strong>large</strong>, sometimes flat tubercles; apex of oblique<br />

ridge low, often lower than its median section, continued or not upward around<br />

carpal cavity; crest on outer surface of immovable finger highly variable within each<br />

species in strength and form; walking meri slender in males; dorsal margins of<br />

fourth scarcely or not at all convex, broader in females; eyebrows various; female<br />

gonopore with or without small tubercle 11<br />

11. (10) Front extremely broad, clearly more than <strong>one</strong>-third carapace breadth in both sexes;<br />

eyebrow wider than smaller dimension of adjacent, depressed eyestalk; oblique<br />

ridge inside palm not continued upward around carpal cavity; female carapace<br />

dorsally with antero-lateral patches of conspicuous tubercles; crab size <strong>large</strong>; in<br />

fresh male specimens joints of major cheliped bordered by red patches .. U. minax<br />

Front narrower, less than <strong>one</strong>-third carapace breadth in males, about <strong>one</strong>-third in<br />

females; eyebrow almost always strongly inclined, almost vertical, narrower in<br />

males than smaller dimension of adjacent, depressed eyestalk, in females subequal<br />

to it; front always with distal margin's inner edge normally rounded; female<br />

gonopore with posterior edge slightly raised and sometimes with minute tubercle; in<br />

fresh male specimens joints of major cheliped bordered by yellow or yellow-brown<br />

U. pugnax

---

Uca panacea<br />

Uca leptodactyla<br />

c. dorsal view (allotype female)<br />

a. major chela, internal view<br />

d. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

anterior view (male)<br />

b. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

lateral view (male)<br />

(after Novak and Salmon, 1974)<br />

(a, after Crane, 1975; b, after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

Uca thayeri<br />

Uca pugilator<br />

f. dorsal view (male)<br />

e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

anterior view (male)<br />

g. minor chela<br />

(after Novak and Salmon, 1974)<br />

h. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

lateral view (male)<br />

(f, after Rathbun 1918; g, after Crane, 1975; h,<br />

Oiace and Hobbs, 1969)

---

Family Ocypodidae 711<br />

Qj

---

Uca speciosa<br />

Uca spinicarpa<br />

b. dorsal view<br />

a. chela and carpus of major cheliped,<br />

dorsal view<br />

c. chela and carpus of major cheliped,<br />

dorsal view<br />

(after SI-NMNH, USNM 180207)<br />

(b, from Abele's personal drawings; c, after specimen<br />

at SI-NMNH, USNM 113417)<br />

Uca longisignalis<br />

Uca vocator<br />

f. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

male:<br />

(after Salmon and At<strong>as</strong>aides, 1968)<br />

& dorsal view<br />

e. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

lateral view<br />

(after Ghaee and Hobbs, 1969)

---

Family Ocypodidae 713

---

-a<br />

Uca rapax ^<br />

Uca burger si<br />

c. major chela, external view =<br />

male:<br />

d. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) ?<br />

(male) f<br />

2*.<br />

e. second pereopod (male) |<br />

(c, d, after Crane, 1975; e, after Holthuis, 1959)<br />

a. dorsal view<br />

b. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod),<br />

lateral view (male)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969; major chela in drawing<br />

after Crane, 1975)<br />

Ucapugnax<br />

Uca minax<br />

i. major chela, internal view<br />

f. anterior part, frontal view<br />

j. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod)<br />

(male)<br />

g. major chela, internal view<br />

h. distal portion of first pleopod (gonopod) (male)<br />

(after Crane, 1975)<br />

(after Crane, 1975)

---

Family Ocypodltlae 715

---

<strong>as</strong><br />

65:<br />

3:<br />

•a<br />

o<br />

gj...<br />

a.<br />

Ucides cordatus<br />

Ocypode quadrata<br />

b. dorsal view (male)<br />

2L dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)<br />

(after Chace and Hobbs, 1969)

---

£^<br />

Family Ocypodidae 717

---

718 Family Palicidae<br />

Family Palicidae<br />

Genus Palicus Phlippi, 1838<br />

Key to species<br />

[Adapted from Rathbun, 1918]<br />

1. Length of second walking leg not more than twice width of carapace. 2<br />

Length of second walking leg more than twice width of carapace 8<br />

2. (1) L<strong>as</strong>t sternal segment forming thin, laminiform crest conspicuous in dorsal view;<br />

carapace with 3 lateral teeth, exclusive of orbital tooth P. sica<br />

L<strong>as</strong>t sternal segment not forming laminiform crest conspicuous in dorsal view 3<br />

3. (2) Meri of second and third walking legs each having, at its superodistal angle, obtuse<br />

lobe, more or less prominent, sometimes atrophied 4<br />

Meri of second or second and third walking legs each having, at its superodistal<br />

angle, prominent lobe ending in sharp point 6<br />

4. (3) Carapace with four lateral teeth on each side (not counting outer orbital tooth),<br />

diminishing in size from front to back; walking legs with 3 or 4 <strong>large</strong> teeth on<br />

anterior margin P. cristatipes<br />

Carapace with two lateral teeth on each side, sometimes with rudiments of third<br />

farther back; walking legs without <strong>large</strong> teeth on anterior margin except distal tooth ;<br />

.., .5<br />

5. (4) Anterolateral teeth blunt P. alternatus<br />

Anterolateral teeth acute P. affinis<br />

6. (3) Outer suborbital lobe strongly convex on anterior margin; anterolateral teeth blunt.,.<br />

P. obesus<br />

Outer suborbital lobe truncate and nearly straight on anterior margin; anterolateral<br />

teeth acute 7<br />

7. (6) Outer orbital tooth pointing straight ahead; first tooth (excluding outer orbital) oh<br />

lateral margin with posterior border curved, longer than anterior border; tubercles of<br />

carapace very distinct from prominences bearing them P. dentatus<br />

Outer orbital tooth with tips turned inward; first tooth (excluding outer orbital) on<br />

lateral margin subtriangular, borders subequal in length P. faxoni

---

Family Palicidae 719<br />

8. (1) Outer suborbital lobe visible from above and almost <strong>as</strong> advanced <strong>as</strong> pterygostomial<br />

lobe; <strong>one</strong> <strong>large</strong>r lateral tooth between two smaller lobes or denticles P. cursor<br />

Outer suborbital lobe much less advanced than ear-shaped prominence formed by<br />

pterygostomial region at its anterior angle 9<br />

9. (8) One lateral tooth and <strong>one</strong> tubercle; second walking leg 3.5 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> width of<br />

carapace P. gracilis<br />

Three lateral teeth; second walking leg 3 times <strong>as</strong> long <strong>as</strong> width of carapace<br />

P. floridana

---

to<br />

o<br />

Palicus cristatipes<br />

Palicus sica<br />

b. dorsal view (holotype male)<br />

a. dorsal view (female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)<br />

Palicus affinis<br />

Palicus alternatus<br />

& anterior part of carapace, dorsal view (male)<br />

c. dorsal view<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Williams, 1984)

---

Family Palicidae 721

---

65<br />

Palicus dentatus ,<br />

65<br />

b. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />

Palicus obesus<br />

a. dorsal view (holotype immature female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

Palicus cursor<br />

Palicus faxoni<br />

d. dorsal view (female)<br />

c. dorsal view (male)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Williams, 1965a)

---

Family Palicidae 723

---

•^4<br />

w<br />

3<br />

Palicus floridana<br />

Palicus gracilis<br />

b. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />

a. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)<br />

(after Rathbun, 1918)

---

Family I'allcidac 725

---

Family Cryptochiridae<br />

Genus Pseudocryptochirus Iliro, 1938<br />

Key to species<br />

[B<strong>as</strong>ed on Shaw and Hopkins, 1977]<br />

Family Cryptochiridae 727<br />

Posterior lateral margins of carapace expanded, anterior lateral margins tuberculate;<br />

sternum with transverse rows of tubercles; inhabiting canopy-like burrows of<br />

Agariciafragilis (Family Agariciidae) P. hypostegus<br />

Posterior lateral margins of carapace parallel, anterior lateral margins spined;<br />

sternum without transverse rows of tubercles; inhabiting lunate pits oblique to<br />

surface of living corals of families Mussidae and Flaviidae.......... P. corallicola

---

oo<br />

P<br />

3r<br />

a<br />

1:<br />

V!<br />

T3<br />

Pseudocryptochirus corallicola<br />

Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus<br />

d carapace, dorsal view (female)<br />

a. dorsal view (holotype female)<br />

e. habitat in Scolymia lacera<br />

b. habitat in Agaricia fragilis<br />

(after Shaw and Hopkins, 1977)<br />

c. sternum (paratype male)<br />

(after Shaw and Hopkins, 1977)

---

Family Cryptochiridae 729

---

Abele, L. G.<br />

1970. The marine decapod Crustacea of the<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico, i-v, 1-137. M.S.<br />

thesis, Florida State University, Tallah<strong>as</strong>see.<br />

1971. A new species of Periclimenaeus Borradaile,<br />

1915 (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Palaemonidae)<br />

from the Northe<strong>as</strong>tern Gulf of Mexico. Tulane<br />

Studies in Zoology and Botany, 17(2): 38-40.<br />

1972a. The status of Sesarma angustipes Dana, 1852,<br />

S. trapezium Dana, 1852 and S. miersii<br />

Rathbun, 1897 (Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>:<br />

Grapsidae) in the Western Atlantic. Caribbean<br />

Journal of Science, 12(3-4): 165-170.<br />

1972b. A reevaluation of the Neopanope lexana-sayi<br />

complex with notes on N. packardii<br />

(Crustacea: <strong>Decapoda</strong>: Xanthidae) in the<br />

Northwestern Atlantic. Chesapeake Science,<br />

13(4): 263-271.<br />

1972c. Introductions of two freshwater decapod<br />

crustaceans (Hymenosomatidae and Atyidae)<br />

into Central and North America. Crustaceana,<br />

23(3): 209-218.<br />

1973. Taxonomy, distribution and ecology of the<br />

genus Sesarma (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />

Grapsidae) in E<strong>as</strong>tern North America, with<br />

special reference to Florida. The American<br />

Midland Naturalist, 90(2): 375-386.<br />

1975. The Macruran Decapod Crustacea of Malpelo<br />

Island. In Graham, J. B. (ed.) The Biological<br />

Investigation of Malpelo Island, Colombia.<br />

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 176:<br />

69-85.<br />

Abele, L. G. and B. Felgenhauer.<br />

1982. Eucarida. In McGraw-Hill Synopsis and<br />

Cl<strong>as</strong>sification of Living Organisms, 2: 295-<br />

326.<br />

Armstrong, J. C.<br />

1949. New Caridea from the Dominican Republic.<br />

American Museum Novitates, 1410: 1-27.<br />

Banner, A. H., and D. M. Banner.<br />

1966. The Alpheid shrimp of Thailand. The Siam<br />

Society Monograph series, 3: 1-168.<br />

Banner, D. M., and A. H. Banner.<br />

1973. The Alpheid shrimp of Australia. Part I: the<br />

lower genera. Records of the Australian<br />

Museum, 28(15): 291- 382.<br />

Barnard, K. H.<br />

1950. Descriptive Catalogue of South African<br />

LITERATURE CITED<br />

Literature Ciled 7.11<br />

decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals<br />

of the South African Museum, 38: 1- 837,<br />

figs. 1-154.<br />

Bate, C. S.<br />

1888. Report on the Crustacea Macrura dredged by H.<br />

M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876.<br />

Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage<br />

ofH. M. S. Challenger, Zoology, 24: xc +<br />

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Benedict, J. E.<br />

1901. The anomuran collections made by the Fish<br />

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129-148, plates 3-6.<br />

1902. Description of a new genus and forty-six new<br />

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Galatheidae with a list of the known marine<br />

species. Proceedings of the United States<br />

National Museum, 26(1311): 243- 334, 47<br />

figures.<br />

Biffar, T. A.<br />

1970. Three new species of callian<strong>as</strong>sid shrimp<br />

(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) from the western<br />

Atlantic. Proceedings of the Biological<br />

Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, 83(3): 35-50, 3<br />

figures.<br />

1971a. The genus Callian<strong>as</strong>sa (Crustacea, <strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />

Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) in South Florida, with keys to<br />

the western Atlantic species. Bulletin of<br />

Marine Science, 21(3): 637-715.<br />

1971b. New species of Callian<strong>as</strong>sa (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />

Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) from the western Atlantic.<br />

Crustaceana, 21(3): 225-236.<br />

Biffar, T. A., and A. J. Provenzano Jr.<br />

1972. A reexamination of Dardanus venosus (H.<br />

Milne Edwards) and D. imperator (Miers), with<br />

a description of a new species of Dardanus<br />

from the western Atlantic (Crustacea,<br />

<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Diogenidae). Bulletin of Marine<br />

Science, 22(4): 777-805<br />

Boesch, D. F., and A. E. Smalley.<br />

1972. A new axiid (<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Thal<strong>as</strong>sinidea) from<br />

the northern Gulf of Mexico and tropical<br />

Atlantic. Bulletin of Marine Science, 22(1):<br />

45-52.<br />

Bo<strong>one</strong>, L.<br />

1927. Crustacea from tropical e<strong>as</strong>t American Se<strong>as</strong>.

---

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1956. Studies on the shore Crustacea collected in<br />

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1954. Annual Report of the National<br />

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1972. Station lists and new distributional records<br />

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Canadian Atlantic and New England regions.<br />

National Museum of Natural Sciences<br />

Publications in Biological Oceanography, 5:<br />

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Bousfield, E. L., and A. H. Leim.<br />

1960. The fauna of Min<strong>as</strong> B<strong>as</strong>in and Min<strong>as</strong><br />

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Bouvier, E. L.<br />

1925. Reports on the results of dredging, under the<br />

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1982. Cl<strong>as</strong>sification of the Recent Crustacea. In L.<br />

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Bowman, T. E., and J. C. McCain.<br />

1967. Distribution of the planktonic shrimp,<br />

Lucifer in the Western North Atlantic.<br />

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671.<br />

Bruce, A. J.<br />

1974. On Lysmata grabhami (Gordon), a widely<br />

distributed tropical hippolytid shrimp<br />

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107-109.<br />

1975. On the occurrence of Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanlicus<br />

Gurney, 1939 in the western Indian Ocean<br />

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Burkenroad, M. D.<br />

1934. The Penaeidea of Louisiana with a discussion of<br />

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1936. The Aristaeinae, Solenoeerinae and pelagic<br />

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Burukovskii, R. N.<br />

1983. Key to shrimps and lobsters. Russian<br />

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A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.<br />

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1963. New decapod crustacean records for the co<strong>as</strong>t<br />

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Chace, F. A., Jr.<br />

1939. Reports on the scientific results of the first<br />

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Harvard University. Preliminary descriptions of<br />

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31-54.<br />

1940a. The Bathypelagic Caridean Crustacea. Part IX In<br />

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1940b. Reports on the scientific results of the Atlantis<br />

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1942a. Six new species of decapod and stomatopod<br />

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1942b. Reports on the scientific results of the Atlantis<br />

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1951. The oceanic crabs of the genera Planes and<br />

Pachygrapsus. Proceedings of the United States

---

National Museum, 101(3272): 65-103.<br />

1958. A new shrimp of the genus Peridimenes from<br />

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Society of W<strong>as</strong>hington, l\i 125-132.<br />

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plates.<br />

1969. A new genus and five new species of shrimps<br />

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the Western Atlantic. Crustaceana, 16(3):<br />

251-272.<br />

1970. A new shrimp of the genus Lysmata<br />

(<strong>Decapoda</strong>, Hippolytidae) from the Western<br />

Atlantic. Crustaceana, 19(1): 59-66, 4<br />

figures.<br />

1972. The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin<br />

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West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea,<br />

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Contributions to Zoology, 98: x + 179<br />

pages, 61 figures.<br />

1976. Shrimps of the p<strong>as</strong>iphaeid genus Leptochela<br />

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the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-<br />

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Crangonidae. Smithsonian Contribution to<br />

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Chace, F. A., Jr. and D. E. Brown.<br />

1978. A new polychelate shrimp from the Great<br />

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Caridea). Proceedings of the Biological<br />

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1969. The freshwater and terrestrial decapod<br />

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1971. A new species of Sicyonia (<strong>Decapoda</strong>,<br />

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1964. Alguns crustaceos decapodos novos para<br />

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---

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1977. Distribution of decapod Crustacea off<br />

northe<strong>as</strong>tern U. S. b<strong>as</strong>ed on specimens at the<br />

Northe<strong>as</strong>t Fisheries Center, Woods Hole,<br />

M<strong>as</strong>sachusetts. NOAA Technical Report<br />

NMFS, circular 407, iv + 44 pages.<br />

Williams, A. B., and D. M. Williams.<br />

1981. Carolinian records for American lobster,<br />

Homarus americanus, and tropical swimming<br />

crab, Callinectes bocourti, Postulated means of<br />

dispersal. Fishery Bulletin, 79(1): 192- 198.<br />

Literature Cited 747<br />

Wilson, K. A., and R. H. Core.<br />

1979. Studies on decapod Crustacea from the Indian<br />

River region of Florida. XVI the second<br />

known specimen and first continental record<br />

for Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostris Lebour, 1949<br />

(Caridea, Bresilidae). Crustaceana, 37(3):<br />

311-315.<br />

Yaldwyn, J. C.<br />

1968. Records of, and observations on, the coral<br />

shrimp genus Stenopus in Australia, New<br />

Zealand and the south-west Pacific. Australian<br />

Zoologist, 14(3): 277-289.<br />

Zariquiey Alvarez, R.<br />

1968. Crustaceos decapodos ibericos. Investigacion<br />

Pesquera, 32: 1-510.<br />

Zimmer, C.<br />

1913. Westindische Decapoden, 1: Die familie<br />

Alpheidae. Zoologischen Jahrbuchern,<br />

supplement, 11(3): 381-412, 57 figures.

---

748 Taxonomic Index<br />

Taxonomic Index<br />

Acanthacaris caeca (A. Milne Edwards, 1881)..... 25, 285, 287<br />

Acanthephyra purpurea A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 135<br />

Acanthocarpus alexandri Stimpson, 1871 41, 465, 469<br />

Acanthocarpus bispinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 41, 465, 469<br />

Acanthonyx petiverii H.Milne Edwards, 1834 43, 495, 545<br />

Acetes americanus carolinae Hansen, 1933 10, 115, 123<br />

Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman, 1873) 43, 493, 545<br />

Actaea acantha (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 55, 607, 615<br />

Actaea bifrons Rathbun, 1898 55, 607, 615<br />

Aepinus septemspinosus (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 43, 493, 547<br />

Agaricochirus acanthinus McLaughlin, 1982 31, 361, 367<br />

Agaricochirus alexandri (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />

Agaricochirus boletifer (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 31, 361, 367<br />

Agaricochirus gibbosimanus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 367<br />

Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859 38, 427, 429<br />

Albunea paretii Guenn-Merieville, 1853 38, 427, 429<br />

Allactaea lithostrota Williams, 1974 55, 604, 649<br />

Alpheopsis labis Chace, 1972 17, 195, 205<br />

Alpheopsis trispinosus (Stimpson, 1861) 17, 195, 205<br />

Alpheus amblyonyx Chace, 1972 17, 197, 209<br />

Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901 17, 196, 207<br />

AlpheusarmillatusH. Milne Edwards, 1837 17, 198, 213<br />

Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />

Alpheus candei Guerin-Meneville, 1855 18, 197, 209<br />

Alpheus cristulifrons Rathbun, 1900 18, 198, 211<br />

Alpheus cylindricus Kingsley, 1878 18, 196, 207<br />

Alpheus estuariensis Christoffersen, 1984 18, 198, 211<br />

Alpheus floridanus Kingsley, 1878 18, 199, 215<br />

Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 18, 197, 207<br />

Alpheus heterochaelis Say, 1818 18, 198, 213<br />

Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 18, 197, 207<br />

Alpheus normanni Kingsley, 1878 18, 198, 211<br />

Alpheus nultingi (Schmitt, 1924) 18, 199, 215<br />

Alpheus paracrinitus Miers, 1881 18, 199, 215<br />

Alpheus pe<strong>as</strong>ei (Armstrong, 1940) 19, 197, 211<br />

Alpheus schmitti Chace, 1972 19, 199, 213<br />

Alpheus thom<strong>as</strong>i Hendrix and Gore, 1973 19, 197, 209<br />

Alpheus viridari (Armstrong, 1949) 19, 198, 213<br />

Alpheus websteri Kingsley, 1880 19, 197, 209<br />

Ambidexter symmetricus Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 254, 261<br />

An<strong>as</strong>imus latus Rathbun, 1894 43, 494, 547<br />

Anchistioides antiguensis (Schmitt, 1924) 13, 153, 191<br />

Anisopagurus bartletti (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 31, 361, 369<br />

Anisopagurus pygmaeus (Bouvier, 1918) 31, 361, 369<br />

Anomalothir furcillatus (Stimpson, 1871) 43, 493, 547<br />

Arachnopsis filipes Stimpson, 1871 43, 493, 547<br />

Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 62, 665, 675<br />

Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818) 52, 572, 589<br />

Arisiaeomorphafoliacea (Risso, 1827) 7, 79, 81<br />

Automate evermanni Rathbun, 1901 19, 200, 217<br />

Automate gardineri Coutiere, 1902 19, 200, 217<br />

Automate rectifrons Chace, 1972 19, 200, 217<br />

Axiopsis hirsutimana (Boesch and Smalley, 1972) 26, 289, 291<br />

Axiopsis oxypleura (Williams, 1974) 26, 289, 291<br />

Axiopsis serratifrons (A. Milne Edwards, 1873) 26, 289, 291

---

Taxonomic Index 749<br />

Banareiapalmeri (Rathbun, 1894) 56, 604, 649<br />

Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871 52, 572, 589<br />

Batrachonotusfragosus Stimpson, 1871 43, 493, 549<br />

Bentheogennema intermedia (Bate, 1888) 7, 79, 81<br />

Benthoch<strong>as</strong>on schmitti Rathbun, 1931 52, 572, 589<br />

Brachycarpus biunguiculatus (Luc<strong>as</strong>, 1849) 13, 152, 191<br />

Bythocaris nana Smith, 1885 21, 230, 249<br />

Calappa angusta A. Milne Edwards, 1880..... 41, 466, 471<br />

Calappaflammea (Herbst, 1794) 42, 466, 471<br />

Calappa gallus (Herbst, 1803) 41,466,471<br />

Calappa ocellata Holthuis, 1958 41,466, 473<br />

Calappa sulcata Rathbun, 1898 41,466, 471<br />

Calcinus tibicen (Herbst, 1791) 28, 330, 353<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa acanthochirus (Stimpson, 1866) 26, 294, 296, 299<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa atlantica Rathbun, 1926 26, 294, 297, 301<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa biformis Biffar, 1971..... 26,295, 305<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa branneri (Rathbun, 1900) 26, 295, 297, 303<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa fragilis Biff-ar, \970 26,294,297, 301<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa gu<strong>as</strong>sutinga Rodrfgues, 1966 26, 294, 296, 299<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa jamaicense Schmitt, 1935 27, 295, 296, 303<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa longiventris A. Milne Edwards, 1870 27, 294, 296, 299<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa marginata Rathbun, 1901 27, 295, 296, 305<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa quadracuta Biffar, 1970 27, 295, 303<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa rathbunae Schmitt, 1935 27, 294, 296, 299<br />

Callian<strong>as</strong>sa trilobata Biffar, 1970 27, 295, 297, 303<br />

Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt, 1935) 27, 295, 296, 307<br />

Callichirus major (Say, 1818)..... 27, 295, 296, 297, 307<br />

Callidactylus <strong>as</strong>per Stimpson, 1871 42,479, 491<br />

Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879 52, 573, 577<br />

Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 52, 573, 579<br />

Callinectes ex<strong>as</strong>peratus (Gerstaecker, 1856) 52, 573, 579<br />

Callinectes larvatus Ordway, 1863 52, 573, 577<br />

Callinectes ornatusOrdw&y, 1863 52, 573, 579<br />

Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 52, 573, 577<br />

Callinectes similis Williams, 1966 53, 573, 577<br />

Cancellus ornatus Benedict, 1901 28, 331, 337<br />

Cancellus viridis Mayo, 1973 29, 331, 337<br />

Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 51, 569, 571<br />

Cancer irroratus Say, 1817 52, 569, 571<br />

Cardisoma guanhumiLatieille, 1825 61, 661, 663<br />

Carpilius corallinus (Herbst, 1783) 56, 603, 651<br />

Carpoporus papulosus Stimpson, 1871 56, 604, 651<br />

Cataleptodiusfloridanus(Gibbes, 1850) 56, 604, 651<br />

Catapagurus sharrei A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 387<br />

Chacellus filiformis Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 595<br />

Chlorodiella longimana (H. Milne Edwards, 1834).. 56, 605, 653<br />

Chorinus heros (Herbst, 1790) 44, 494, 549<br />

Clihanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1862 29, 331, 339<br />

Clibanarius cubensis (Saussure, 1858) 29, 331, 339<br />

Clibanarius tricolor (Gibbes, 1850) 29, 331, 339<br />

Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802) 29, 331, 339<br />

Clythrocerus granulatus (Rathbun, 1898) 39, 447, 449<br />

Clythrocerus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39, 447, 449<br />

Clythrocerus stimpsoni Rathbun, 1937 39, 447, 449<br />

Coelocerus spinosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875 44, 496, 549<br />

Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst, 1791) 28, 327, 329<br />

Collodes leptocheles Rathbun, 1894 44,497, 509<br />

Collodes nudus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497

---

750 Taxonomic Index<br />

Collodes obesus A. Milne Edwards, 1878 44,497,509<br />

Collodes robustus Smith, 1883 44, 497, 509<br />

Collodes trispinosus Stimpson, 1871 44, 497, 509<br />

Coralaxius abelei Kensley and Gore, 1981 26, 289, 291<br />

Crangon septemspinosa Say, 1818 25, 271, 273<br />

Cronius ruber (Lamarck, 1818) 53, 573, 581<br />

Cronius tumidulus (Stimpson, 1871) 53, 573, 581<br />

Cryptopodia concava Stimpson, 1871 50, 558, 565<br />

Cycloes bairdii Stimpson, 1860 41, 465, 477<br />

Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 62, 665, 675<br />

Cymonomus quadratus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39, 443, 445<br />

Cymopolus ag<strong>as</strong>sizi A. Milne Edwards andBouvier, 1899 39, 443, 445<br />

Dardanusfucosus Biffar and Provenzano, 1972 29, 332, 341<br />

Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858) 29, 332, 341<br />

Dardanus venosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848) .29, 332, 341<br />

Dicranodromia ovata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 39, 443, 445<br />

Disci<strong>as</strong> atlanticus Gurney, 1939 12, 141, 143<br />

Disci<strong>as</strong> serratirostris Lebom, 1949 13, 141, 143<br />

Dissodactylus borradailei Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />

Dissodactylus crinitichelis Moreha, 1901 , 64, 682, 689<br />

Dissodactylus mellitae (Rathbun, 1900) 64, 682, 689<br />

Dissodactylus primitivus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />

Dissodactylus rugatus Bouvier, 1917 64, 682, 687<br />

Dissodactylus stebbingi Rathbun, 1918 64, 682, 687<br />

Domecia acanthophora acanthophora (Desbonne and Schramm, 1867) 56, 606, 653<br />

Dromia erythropus (George Edwards, 1771) 39, 437, 441<br />

Dromidia antillensis Stimpson, 1858.. 39, 437, 441<br />

Ebalia cariosa (Stimpson, 1860) 42, 480, 483<br />

Ebalia stimpsonii A. Milne Edwards, 1880 42,480,483<br />

Emerita benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />

Emerita portoricensis Schmitt, 1935 38, 433, 435<br />

Emerita talpoida (Say, 1817) 38, 433, 435<br />

Epialtus bituberculatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 44, 498, 511<br />

Epialtus dilatatus A. Milne Edwards, 1878 44,498, 511<br />

Epialtus dilatatus forma elongata Rathbun, 1923 44, 498, 513<br />

Epialtus kingsleyi Rathbun, 1923 44, 498, 511<br />

Epialtus longirostris Stimpson, 1860 44, 498, 511<br />

Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781) 56, 606, 653<br />

Ethusa m<strong>as</strong>car<strong>one</strong> americana A. Milne Edwards, 1880 40, 461, 463<br />

Ethusa microphthalma Smith, 1881 40, 461, 463<br />

Ethusa tenuipes Rathbun, 1897 41, 461, 463<br />

Ethusa truncata A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1899 41, 461, 463<br />

Etisus maculatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 605, 653<br />

Euceramus praelongus Stimpson, 1860 36, 410, 425<br />

Euchirograpsus americanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 62, 666, 669<br />

Euchirograpsus antillensisTurkay, 1975..... 62, 666, 669<br />

Eucratopsis cr<strong>as</strong>simanus(Dana, 1852)... 54, 592, 595<br />

Eugonatonotus cr<strong>as</strong>sus (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 13, 145, 147<br />

Euphrosynoplax clausa Guinot, 1969 54, 591, 597<br />

Euprognatha gracilipes A. Milne Edwards, 1878 44, 499, 513<br />

Euprognatha r<strong>as</strong>tellifera Stimpson, 1871 45, 499, 513<br />

Eurypanopeusabbreviatus (Stimpson, 1860) 56, 607, 617<br />

Eurypanopeus depressus (Smith, 1869) 56, 607, 617<br />

Eurypanopeus dissimilis (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 56, 607, 617<br />

Eurypanopeus turgidus (Rathbun, 1930) 56, 607, 617<br />

Euryplax nitida Stimpson, 1859 54, 592, 597<br />

Eurytium limosum (Say, 1818) 56, 606, 655<br />

Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) 21, 230, 249

---

Taxonomic Index 751<br />

Fabia byssomiae (Say, 1818) 64, 682, 691<br />

Fabia tellinae Cobb, 1973 64, 682, 691<br />

Frevillea barbata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 54, 593, 595<br />

Frevilleahirsuta (Borra&dile, 1916) 54, 593, 595<br />

Funchalia villosa (Bouvier, 1905) 7,82,95<br />

Galatnea rostrata A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 397,409<br />

Gecarcinus lateralis (Freminville, 1835) 61, 661, 663<br />

Gecarcinus ruricola (Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 661, 663<br />

Geograpsus lividus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 62, 665, 675<br />

Geryonfenneri Manning and Hothuis, 1984 52, 569, 571<br />

Glyphocrangon haematonotus Holthuis, 1971 25, 277, 279<br />

Glyphocrangon longleyi Schmitt, 1931 25, 277, 279<br />

Glyphocrangon spinicauda A. Milne Edwards, 1881 25, 277, 279<br />

Glyptoplax smithii A. Milne Edwards, 1880 54, 592, 597<br />

Glyptoxanthus erosus (Stimpson, 1859) 57, 603, 655<br />

Gnathophylloides mined Schmitt, 1933 13, 149, 151<br />

Gnathophyllum americanum Guenn-Meneville, 1855 13, 149, 151<br />

Gnathophyllum circellum Manning, 1963 13, 149, 151<br />

Gnathophyllum modestum Hay, 1917 13, 149, 151<br />

G<strong>one</strong>plax sigsbei (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 54, 591, 597<br />

Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802) 62, 665, 675<br />

Gourretia latispina (Dawson, 1967) 27, 293, 296, 307<br />

Grapsus grapsus (Linnaeus, 1758) 62, 665, 677<br />

Hadropenaeus qffinis (Bouvier, 1906) 8, 98, 101<br />

Hadropenaeus modestus (Smith, 1885) 8, 98, 101<br />

Hemus cristulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1875 45, 495, 549<br />

Hepatus epheliticus (Linnaeus, 1763) ; 41, 466, 475<br />

Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785) 41, 466, 475<br />

Heieractaea ceratopus (Stimpson, 1860) 57, 604, 655<br />

Heierocrypta granulata (Gibbes, 1850) 50, 558, 565<br />

Hexapanopeus angustifrons (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) 57, 608, 621<br />

Hexapanopeus caribbaeus (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 608, 619<br />

Hexapanopeus hemphillii (Benedict and Rathbun, 1891) * 57, 608, 621<br />

Hexapanopeus lobipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) i 57, 608, 619<br />

Hexapanopeuspaulensis Rathbun, 1930 t 57, 608, 619<br />

Hexapanopeus quinquedentatus Rathbun, 1901 57, 608, 621<br />

Hippa cubensis (Saussure, 1857) 38, 433, 435<br />

Hippolyte coerulescens (Fabricius, 1775) 21, 231, 237<br />

Hippolyte curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924 21, 231, 237<br />

Hippolyte nicholsoni Chace, 1972 21, 231, 237<br />

Hippolyte pleuracanthus (Stimpson, 1871) 21, 231, 237<br />

Hippolyte zosteric.ola (Smith, 1873) 22, 231, 239<br />

Homola barbata (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 451, 453<br />

Hymenopenaeus aphoticus Burkenroad, 1936 9, 98, 103<br />

Hymenopenaeus debilis Smith, 1882 9, 98, 103<br />

Hypoconcha arcuata Stimpson, 1858 39, 437, 439<br />

Hypoconcha sabulosa (Herbst, 1799) 39, 437, 439<br />

Hypoconcha spinosissima Rathbun, 1933 39, 437, 439<br />

Iliacantha intermedia Miers, 1886 .. 42, 480, 485<br />

Iliacantha liodactylus Rathbun, 1898 42, 480, 485<br />

Iliacantha sparsa Stimpson, 1871... 42, 480, 485<br />

Iliacantha subglobosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 485<br />

Inachoides forceps A. Milne Edwards, 1879 45, 494, 551<br />

Iridopagurus caribbensis (A. Milne Edwardsand Bouvier, 1893) 32, 362, 371<br />

Iridopagurus globulus De Saint Laurent-Dechance\ 1966 32, 362, 371<br />

Iridopagurus iris (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 32, 362, 371<br />

Iridopagurus reticulatus Garcia G6mez, 1983 32, 362, 371<br />

Iridopagurus violaceus De Saint Laurent-Dechance, 1966 32, 362, 373

---

752 Taxonomic Index<br />

Isocheles wurdemanni Stimpson, 1862.... 29, 330, 353<br />

Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883) 12, 131, 135<br />

Justitia longimanus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 27, 313, 315<br />

Latreillia manningi Williams, 1982 40, 451, 453<br />

Latreutesfucorum(Fabricius, 1798).. 22, 232, 241<br />

Latreutes parvulus (Stimpson, 1866) 22, 232, 241<br />

Leander paulensis Ortmann, 1897 13, 154, 163<br />

Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818) 13, 154, 163<br />

Leiolambrus nitidus Rathbun, 1901 50, 558, 565<br />

Lepidopa benedicti Schmitt, 1935 38, 427, 429<br />

Lepidopa websteri Benedict, 1903 38, 427, 429<br />

Leptalpheus forceps Williams, 1965 19, 194, 229<br />

Leptochela bermudensis Gurney, 1939 12, 137, 139<br />

Leptochela carinata Ortmann, 1893 12, 137, 139<br />

Leptochela papulata Chace, 1976 12, 137, 139<br />

Leptochela serratorbita Bate, 1888 12, 137, 139<br />

Leptodiusparvulus (Fabricius, 1793).... 57, 604, 655<br />

Leptopisa setirostris (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 496, 551<br />

Libinia dubia H. Milne Edwards, 1834 45, 499, 515<br />

Libinia emarginata Leach, 1815 45, 499, 515<br />

Libinia erinacea (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 45, 499, 515<br />

Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969 14, 153, 191<br />

Lithadia cadaverosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 480, 487<br />

Lithadia granulosa A. Milne Edwards, 1880 42, 480,487<br />

Lobopilumnus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (Stimpson, 1871) 57, 606, 657<br />

Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915 11, 125, 126a<br />

Lucifer typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 11, 125, 126a<br />

Lyreidus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40,455,459<br />

Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 22, 233, 243<br />

Lysmata intermedia (Kingsley, 1878) 22, 233, 243<br />

Lysmata rathbunae Chace, 1970 22, 233, 243<br />

Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850) 22, 233, 243<br />

Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) 14, 154, 165<br />

Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) 14, 154, 165<br />

Macrobrachium crenulatumHolthuis, 1950 14, 154, 167<br />

Macrobrachium ohi<strong>one</strong> (Smith, 1874) 14, 154, 165<br />

Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836) 14, 154, 165<br />

Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />

Macrocoeloma diplacanthum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />

Macrocoeloma eutheca (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 519<br />

Macrocoeloma laevigatum (Stimpson, 1860) 45, 500, 519<br />

Macrocoeloma septemspinosum (Stimpson, 1871) 45, 500, 521<br />

Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 500, 517<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum nodipes (Desbonne, 1867) 46, 500, 517<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum (Latreille, 1825) 46, 500, 517<br />

Macrocoeloma trispinosum, variety 46, 500, 517<br />

Manucomplanus corallinus (Benedict, 1892) 32, 360, 387<br />

Megalobrachium poeyi (G\i€r'm-M6nevil\e, 1855) 37, 412, 415<br />

Megalobrachium soriatum (Say, 1818) 37, 412, 415<br />

Melybia thalamita Stimpson, 1871 57, 606, 657<br />

Menippe mercenaria (Say, 1818) 57, 608, 623<br />

Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 58, 608, 623<br />

Merhippolyte americana Uolthuis, 1961 22, 230, 249<br />

Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier, 1905) 9, 97, 107<br />

Mesorhoea sexspinosa Stimpson, 1871.... 50, 558, 565<br />

Meiacrangon jacqueti ag<strong>as</strong>sizii(Smith, 1882) 25, 271, 273<br />

Mctalphcus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890) 19, 194,229<br />

Metancphrops binghamr (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1927) 26, 285, 287

---

Taxonomic Index 753<br />

Metapenaeopsis gerardoiPerez Farfante, 1971 7, 83, 87<br />

Metapenaeopsis goodei (Smith, 1885) 7, 83, 87<br />

Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt, 1924) 7, 83, 87<br />

Metoporhaphis calcarata (Say, 1818) 46, 494, 551<br />

Micropanope barbadensis (Rathbun, 1921) — 58, 609, 627<br />

Micropanope lobifrons A. Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />

Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898) 58, 609, 627<br />

Micropanope pusilla A. Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />

Micropanope sculptipes Stimpson, 1871 58, 609, 625<br />

Micropanope spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 58, 609, 625<br />

Micropanope urinator (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 58, 609, 627<br />

Microphrys antillensis Rathbun, 1920 46, 501, 521<br />

Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille, 1825) 46, 501, 521<br />

Microprosthema semilaeve (Von Martens, 1872) 11, 281, 283<br />

Mithrax acuticornis Stimpson, 1870 46, 501, 523<br />

Mithrax caribbaeus Rathbun, 1900 46, 502, 527<br />

Mithrax cinctimanus (Stimpson, 1860) 46, 502, 527<br />

Mithrax cornutus Saussure, 1857 46, 501, 523<br />

Mithrax coryphe (Herbst, 1801) 46, 503, 529<br />

Mithrax forceps (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 47, 503, 529<br />

Mithrax hemphilli Rathbun, 1892 47, 502, 525<br />

Mithrax hispidus (Herbst, 1790) 47, 502, 525<br />

Mithrax holderi Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 525<br />

Mithrax pilosus Rathbun, 1892 47, 501, 523<br />

Mithrax pleuracanthus Stimpson, 1871 47, 502, 527<br />

Mithrax ruber (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 503, 529<br />

Mithrax sculptus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 503, 529<br />

Mithrax spinosissimus (Lamarck, 1818) 47, 501, 523<br />

Mithrax lortugae Rathbun, 1920 47, 502, 527<br />

Mithrax verrucosus H. Milne Edwards, 1832 47, 501, 502, 525<br />

Mocosoa crebripunctata Stimpson, 1871 47, 495, 551<br />

Munida affinis A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398,405<br />

Munida angulata Benedict, 1902 35, 398, 405<br />

Munida forceps A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398,403<br />

Munida iris iris A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />

Munida irr<strong>as</strong>a A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398, 403<br />

Munida longipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 35, 398,405<br />

Munida miles A. Milne Edwards, 1880 36, 397,401<br />

Munida pusilla Benedict, 1902... 36, 398, 403<br />

Munida santipauli Henderson, 1885 36, 397, 401<br />

Munida simplex Benedict, 1902 36, 398, 405<br />

Munida spinifrons Henderson, 1885 36, 397, 401<br />

Munida stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880 36, 398, 407<br />

Munida valida Smith, 1883 36, 398, 401<br />

Munidopsis armata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 36, 399, 407<br />

Munidopsis platirostris (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1894) 36, 399, 407<br />

Munidopsis polita (Smith, 1883) 36, 399, 407<br />

Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 479, 491<br />

Nanoplax xanthiformis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 55, 591, 599<br />

Nematopaguroides pusillus Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967 32, 359, 387<br />

Neopanope packardii (Kingsley, 1879) 58, 609, 629<br />

Neopanope sayi (Smith, 1869) 58, 609, 629<br />

Neopanope texana (Stimpson, 1859) 58, 609, 629<br />

Neopilumnoplax americana (Rathbun, 1898) 55, 591, 599<br />

Neopisosoma angustifrons (Benedict, 1901) 37, 410, 425<br />

Neopontonides beaufortensis (Borradaile, 1920) 14, 153, 191<br />

Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 26, 285, 287<br />

Nibilia antilocapra (Stimpson, 1871) 47, 494, 553

---

754 Taxonomic Index<br />

Nikoides schmitti Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 254, 261<br />

Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787) 66, 707, 717<br />

Odontozona libertae Gore, 1981 11, 281, 283<br />

Ogyrides alphaerostris (Kingsley, 1880) 23, 251, 253<br />

Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981 23,251,253<br />

Oplophorus gracilirostris A. Milne Edwards, 1881 12, 131, 133<br />

Oplophorus spinosus (Brulle, 1839) 12, 131, 133<br />

Oplopisa spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1879 48, 494, 553<br />

Orthotheres strombi (Rathbun, 1905) 64, 681, 705<br />

Osachila antillensis Rathbun, 1898 42,467,477<br />

Osachila semilevis Rathbun, 1916 42, 467, 477<br />

Osachila tuberosa Stimpson, 1871 42, 467, 477<br />

Ostraconotus spatulipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 32, 359, 389<br />

Ovalipes floridanus Hay and Shore, 1918 53, 574, 581<br />

Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976 53, 574, 581<br />

Pachycheles ackleianus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 37, 412, 417<br />

Pachycheles monilifer (Dana, 1852) 37, 412, 419<br />

Pachycheles pilosus (H.Milne Edwards, 1837) 37,412,417<br />

Pachycheles riisei (Stimpson, 1858) 37, 412, 417<br />

Pachycheles rugimanus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 37, 412, 417<br />

Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858) 62, 666, 669<br />

Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850) 63, 666, 669<br />

Paguristes anomalus Bouvier, 1918... 29, 334, 349<br />

Paguristes cadenati Forest, 1954 29, 334, 349<br />

Paguristes erythrops Holthuis, 1959 29, 334, 347<br />

Paguristes grayi Benedict, 1901 29, 334, 345<br />

Paguristes hernancortezi McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 29, 334, 349<br />

Paguristes hummi W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 30, 333, 343<br />

Paguristes inconstans McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 345<br />

Paguristes invisisacculus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 335, 353<br />

Paguristes laticlavus McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 333, 343<br />

Paguristes lim<strong>one</strong>nsis McLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974 30, 334, 351<br />

Paguristes lymani A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 30, 333, 343<br />

Paguristes moorei Benedict, 1901 30, 333, 345<br />

Paguristes oxyophthalmus Holthuis, 1959 30, 333, 343<br />

Paguristes puncticeps Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 347<br />

Paguristes sericeus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />

Paguristes spinipes A. Milne Edwards, 1880 30, 334, 347<br />

Paguristes starcki Provenzano, 1965 30, 334, 351<br />

Paguristes tenuirostris Benedict, 1901 30, 334, 349<br />

Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933 31, 335, 351<br />

Paguristes triangulatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 31, 333, 345<br />

Paguristes w<strong>as</strong>si Provenzano, 1961 31, 334, 351<br />

Pagurus annulipes (Stimpson, 1860) 32, 363, 379<br />

Pagurus brevidactylus (Stimpson, 1859) 33, 363, 375<br />

Pagurus carolinensis McLaughlin, 1975 33, 363, 375<br />

Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852) 33, 363, 379<br />

Pagurus defensus (Benedict, 1892) 33, 364, 381<br />

Pagurus gymnodactylusLem-dhrc, 1982 33, 363, 377<br />

Pagurus impressus (Benedict, 1892) 33, 363, 377<br />

Pagurus longicarpus Say, 1817 33, 364, 381<br />

Pagurus maclaughlinae Garcia G6mez, 1982 .33, 363, 377<br />

Pagurus marshi Benedict, 1901 33, 363, 377<br />

Pagurus piercei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963 33, 364, 381<br />

Paguruspolilus (Smith, 1882) .... 33, 364, 379<br />

Pagurus pollicaris Say, 1817 33, 363, 375<br />

Pagurus provenzanoi Forest and De Saint Laurent, 1967 34, 362, 375<br />

Pagurus stimpsoni (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 364, 379

---

Taxonomic Index 755<br />

PalaemonfloridanusChace, 1942 14, 155, 169<br />

Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898) .' 14, 155, 169<br />

Palaem<strong>one</strong>tes intermedius Holthuis, 1949 14, 155, 171<br />

Palacitvmctes paludosus (Gibbes, 1850) 14, 155, 171<br />

!\ihwm

---

756 Taxonomic Index<br />

Periclimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971 15, 156, 173<br />

Periclimenaeus maxillulidens (Schmitt, 1936) 15, 157, 177<br />

Periclimenaeus pearsei (Schmitt, 1932) 15, 156, 173<br />

Periclimenaeus perlatus (Bo<strong>one</strong>, 1930) 15, 156, 175<br />

Periclimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951 15, 157, 175<br />

Periclimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917) 15, 156, 175<br />

Periclimenes americanus (KJngsley, 1878) 15, 158, 179<br />

Periclimenes harringtoni Lebour, 1949 . 16, 159, 181<br />

Periclimenes iridescens Lebour, 1949 16, 159, 181<br />

Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860) 16, 158, 179<br />

Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 179<br />

Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951 16, 158, 181<br />

Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958 16, 158, 179<br />

Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942 16, 159, 183<br />

Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924 16, 159, 181<br />

Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891) 16, 159, 183<br />

Persephona crinita Rathbun, 1931 42,481,487<br />

Persephona mediterranea (Herbst, 1794) 43, 481, 487<br />

Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758) 31, 330, 353<br />

Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850) 37, 413, 421<br />

Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1802) 37,413,421<br />

Petrolisthes jugosus Streets, 1872 37, 413, 421<br />

Petrolisthespolitus (Gray, 1831) 38, 413, 421<br />

Philocer<strong>as</strong> gorei(Dardem, 1980) 25,271,275<br />

Phimochirus holthuisi (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />

Phimochirus leurocarpus McLaughlin, 1981 34, 365, 383<br />

Phimochirus operculatus (Stimpson, 1859) 34, 365, 383<br />

Phimochirus randalli (Provenzano, 1961) 34, 365, 383<br />

Picroceroides tubularis Miers, 1886 48, 495, 553<br />

Pilumnoides nudifrons (Stimpson, 1871) 60, 606, 657<br />

Pilumnoplax elata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 55, 591<br />

Pilumnus caribaeus Desbonne and Schramm, 1867 60, 612, 641<br />

Pilumnus d<strong>as</strong>ypodus Kingsley, 1879 60, 612, 641<br />

Pilumnus floridanus Stimpson, 1871 60, 612, 643<br />

Pilumnus gemmatus Stimpson, 1860 60, 612, 641<br />

Pilumnus holosericus Rathbun, 1898 60, 612, 643<br />

Pilumnus lacteus Stimpson, 1871 60, 612, 643<br />

Pilumnus longleyi Rathbun, 1930 60, 611, 639<br />

Pilumnus marshi Rathbun, 1901 60, 611, 639<br />

Pilumnus nudimanus Rathbun, 1900 60, 611, 639<br />

Pilumnus pannosus Rathbun, 1896 60, 612, 643<br />

Pilumnus sayi Rathbun, 1897 60, 612, 641<br />

Pilumnus spinosissimus Rathbun, 1898 60, 611, 639<br />

Pinnaxodesfloridensis Wells and Wells, 1961 64, 681, 705<br />

Pinnixa chacei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 64, 683, 695<br />

Pinnixa chaetopterana Stimpson, 1860 64, 684, 699<br />

Pinnixa cristata Rathbun, 1900 65, 683, 695<br />

Pinnixa cylindrica (Say, 1818) 65, 684, 697<br />

Pinnixa floridana Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 697<br />

Pinnixa leptosynaptae W<strong>as</strong>s, 1968 65, 683, 695<br />

Pinnixa lunzi Gl<strong>as</strong>sell, 1937 65, 684, 697<br />

Pinnixa pearsei W<strong>as</strong>s, 1955 65, 684, 699<br />

Pinnixa retinens Rathbun, 1918 65, 684, 695<br />

Pinnixa sayana Stimpson, 1860 65, 684, 697<br />

Pinnotheres hemphilli Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 703<br />

Pinnotheres maculatus Say, 1818 65, 685, 701, 703<br />

Pinnotheres moseri Rathbun, 1918 65, 685, 701<br />

Pinnotheres ostreum Say, 1817 65, 685, 701, 703

---

Taxonomic Index 757<br />

Pinnotheres shoemakeri Rathbun, 1918.... 65, 685, 703<br />

Pitho aculeata (Gibbes, 1850) 48, 504, 531<br />

Pitho anisodon (Von Martens, 1872) 48, 504, 531<br />

Pitho laevigata (A. Milne Edwards, 1875) 48, 504, 531<br />

Pitho Iherminieri (Schramm, 1867) 48, 504, 531<br />

Pitho mirabilis (Herbst, 1794) 48, 504, 533<br />

Pitho quadridentata (Miers,\S79) 48, 504, 533<br />

Plagusia depressa (Fabricius, 1775) 63, 665, 677<br />

Planes minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) 63, 665, 679<br />

Platyactaea setigera (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 61, 603, 659<br />

Platychirograpsus spectabilisDeMm, 1896 63, 665, 679<br />

Platypodiella spectabilis (Herbst, 1794) 61, 603, 659<br />

Pleoticus robustus (Smith, 1885) 9, 97, 107<br />

Plesionika acanthonotus (Smith, 1882) 24, 263, 265<br />

Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) 24,263,265<br />

Plesionika ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />

Plesionika escatilis (Stimpson, 1860) 24, 263, 267<br />

Plesionika longicauda (Rathbun, 1901) 24, 263, 267<br />

Plesionika martia (A. Milne Edwards, 1883) 24,263,267<br />

Plesionika tenuipes (Smith, 1881) 24, 263, 265<br />

Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867) 7, 79, 81<br />

Podochela curvirostris (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 48, 505, 535<br />

Podochela gracilipes Stimpson, 1871 48, 505, 535<br />

Podochela lamelligera (Stimpson, 1871) 48, 505, 535<br />

Podochela macrodera Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 535<br />

Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860 49, 505, 537<br />

Podochela sidneyiRathbun, 1924... 49, 505, 537<br />

Polyonyx gibbesi Haig, 1956 38, 410, 425<br />

Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850 16, 160, 185<br />

Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869 16, 160, 185<br />

Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880 16, 160, 185<br />

Pontoniopsis paulae Gore, 1981 16, 153, 193<br />

Pontophilus brevirostris Smith, 1881 25, 271, 275<br />

Porcellana sayana (Leach, 1820) 38, 413, 423<br />

Porcellana sigsbeiana A. Milne Edwards, 1880 38, 413, 423<br />

Porcellana stimpsoni A. Milne Edwards, 1880 38, 413, 423<br />

Portunus anceps (Saussure, 1858) 53, 574, 583<br />

Portunus binoculus Holthuis, 1969 53, 575, 587<br />

Portunus depressifrons (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 575, 585<br />

Portunusfloridanus Rathbun, 1930 53, 575, 585<br />

Portunus gibbesii (Stimpson, 1859) 53, 574, 583<br />

Portunus ordwayi (Stimpson, 1860) 53, 575, 587<br />

Portunus sayi (Gibbes, 1850) 53, 574, 583<br />

Portunus sebae (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) 54, 575, 585<br />

Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1871) 54, 575, 587<br />

Portunus spinimanus Latreille, 1819 54, 575, 587<br />

Portunus ventralis (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 54, 574, 585<br />

Portunus vocans (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 54, 574, 583<br />

Potimirim potimirim (Muller, 1881) 11, 127, 129<br />

Processa bermudensis (Rankin, 1900) 23, 255, 257<br />

Processafimbriata Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 257<br />

Processa guyanae Holthuis, 1959 23, 255, 259<br />

Processa hemphilli Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />

Processa profunda Manning and Chace, 1971 23, 255, 259<br />

Processa riveroi Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />

Processa vicina Manning and Chace, 1971 24, 255, 257<br />

Pseudocheles chacei Kemley, 1983 13, 141, 143<br />

Pseudocoutierea antillensis Chace, 1972 17, 153, 193

---

758 Taxonomic Index<br />

Pseudocryptochirus corallicola (Verrill, 1908) 68, 727, 729<br />

Pseudocryptochirus hypostegus Shaw and Hopkins, 1977 68, 727, 729<br />

Pseudomedaeus ag<strong>as</strong>sizii (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 61, 613, 645<br />

Pseudomedaeus distinctus (Rathbun, 1898) 61, 613, 645<br />

Pseudorhombila quadridentata (Latreille, 1828) 55, 592, 599<br />

Pylopaguropsis atlanticaW&ss, 1963 34, 359, 389<br />

Pylopagurus discoidalis (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 34, 359, 389<br />

Pyromaia arachna Rathbun, 1924 49, 506, 539<br />

Pyromaia cuspidata Stimpson, 1871 49, 506, 539<br />

Ranilia constricta (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 40, 455, 457<br />

Ranilia muricata H. Milne Edwards, 1837 40, 455, 457<br />

Raninoides loevis (Latreille, 1825) 40, 455, 457<br />

Raninoides louisianensis Rathbun, 1933 40, 455, 457<br />

Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) 61, 605, 659<br />

Rhodochirus rosaceus (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 360, 389<br />

Rhynchocinetes rigens Gordon, 1936 13, 145, 147<br />

Rochinia cr<strong>as</strong>sa (A. Milne Edwards, 1879) 49, 506, 541<br />

Rochinia hystrix (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />

Rochinia tanneri (Smith, 1883) 49, 506, 541<br />

Rochinia umbonata (Stimpson, 1871) 49, 506, 541<br />

Scyllarides aequinoctialis (Lund, 1793) 28, 317, 319<br />

Scyllarides nodifer (Stimpson, 1866) 28, 317, 319<br />

Scyllarus americanus (Smith, 1869) 28, 317, 321<br />

Scyllarus chacei Holthuis, 1960 28, 317, 321<br />

Scyllarus depressus (Smith, 1881) 28, 317, 321<br />

Sergestes armatus Krdyer, 1855 10, 116, 121<br />

Sergestes atlanticus H. Milne Edwards, 1830 10, 116, 119<br />

Sergestes edwardsii YLiQyer, 1855 10, 116, 121<br />

Sergestes henseni (Ortmann, 1893) 10, 116, 119<br />

Sergestes par<strong>as</strong>eminudus Crosnier and Forest, 1973 10, 116, 119<br />

Sergestes pectinatus Sund, 1920 10, 116, 119<br />

Sergestes sarg<strong>as</strong>si Ortmann, 1893 10, 116, 121<br />

Sergestes vigilax Stimpson, 1860 11, 116, 121<br />

Sergia extenuatus Burkenroad, 1940 11, 117, 123<br />

Sergia splendens Sund, 1920 11, 117, 123<br />

Sesarma benedicti Rathbun, 1897 63, 667, 671<br />

Sesarma cinereum (Bosc, 1802) 63, 667, 671<br />

Sesarma curacaoense De Man, 1892 63, 667, 673<br />

Sesarma miersii Rathbun, 1897 63, 667, 671<br />

Sesarma reticulatum (Say, 1817) 63, 667, 673<br />

Sesarma ricordi H. Milne Edwards, 1853 63, 667, 671<br />

Sicyonia brevirostris Stimpson, 1871 9, 109, 111<br />

Sicyonia burkenroadi Cobb, 1971 9, 109, 113<br />

Sicyonia dorsalis Kingsley, 1878 10, 109, 113<br />

Sicyonia laevigata Stimpson, 1871 10, 109, 111<br />

Sicyoniaparri(Burkenroad, 1934) 10, 109, 111<br />

Sicyonia stimpsoni Bouvier, 1905 10, 109, 113<br />

Sicyoniatypica(Boeck, 1864). 10, 109, 111<br />

Solenocera atlantidis Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />

Solenocera necopina Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />

Solenocera vioscai Burkenroad, 1939 9, 99, 105<br />

Solenolambrus decemspinosus Rathbun, 1894 , 51, 559, 563<br />

Solenolambrus tenellus Stimpson, 1871 51, 559, 563<br />

Solenolambrus typicus Stimpson, 1871 51, 559, 563<br />

Solenopagurus lineatus (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 359, 391<br />

Sotoplax robertsi Guinot, 1984 55, 592, 601<br />

Speloeophorus elevatusRa\hbun, 1898 43, 481, 489<br />

Speloeophorus nodosus (Bell, 1855) 43,481,489

---

Taxonomic Index 759<br />

Speloeophorus pontifer (Stimpson, 1871) 43, 481, 489<br />

Speocarcinus lobatus Guinot, 1969.... 55, 592, 601<br />

Sphenocarcinus corrosus A. Milne Edwards, 1875 49, 495, 555<br />

Stenocionops furcata coelata (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 49, 507, 543<br />

Stenocionops furcata furcata (0\Wm, 1791) 49, 507, 543<br />

Stenocionops spinimana (Rathbun, 1892) . 50, 507, 543<br />

Stenocionops spinosissima (Saussure, 1857) 50, 507, 543<br />

Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811) 11, 281, 283<br />

Stenopus scutellatus Rankin, 1898 11, 281, 283<br />

Stenorhynchus seticornis (Herbst, 1788) 50, 494, 555<br />

Stilbom<strong>as</strong>tax margaritifera (Monod, 1939) 50, 495, 555<br />

Stylopandalus richardi (Coutiere, 1905) 24, 262, 269<br />

Symethis variolosa (Fabricius, 1793) 40, 455, 459<br />

Synalpheus agel<strong>as</strong> Pequegnat and Heard, 1979 19, 201, 219<br />

Synalpheus apioceros Coutiere, 1909 19, 203, 227<br />

Synalpheus bousfieldi Chace, 1972 20, 202, 221<br />

Synalpheus brevicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 203, 225<br />

Synalpheus brooksi Coutiere, 1909 20 ,202, 221<br />

Synalpheus curacaoensis Schmitt, 1924 20, 203, 225<br />

Synalpheus fritzmuelleri Coutiere, 1909 20, 203, 227<br />

Synalpheus goodei Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 225<br />

Synalpheus heardi Dardeau, 1984 20, 201, 219<br />

Synalpheus hemphilli Coutiere, 1909 20, 203, 227<br />

Synalpheus herricki Coutiere, 1909 20, 202, 223<br />

Synalpheus longicarpus (Herrick, 1891) 20, 202, 223<br />

Synalpheus mcclendoni Coutiere, 1910 20 ,202, 221<br />

Synalpheus minus (Say, 1818) 20, 203, 225<br />

Synalpheus pandionis Coutiere, 1909 21, 202, 223<br />

Synalpheus paraneptunus Coutiere, 1909 21, 202, 223<br />

Synalpheus pectiniger Coutiere, 1907 21, 201, 219<br />

Synalpheus rathbunae Coutiere, 1909 21, 201, 219<br />

Synalpheus sanetithomae Coutiere, 1909 21 ,202, 221<br />

Synalpheus townsendi Coutiere, 1909 21, 203, 227<br />

Systell<strong>as</strong>pis debilis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) 12, 131, 135<br />

Tetraxanthus bidentatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 61, 613, 647<br />

Tetraxanthus rathbunae Chace, 1939 61, 613, 647<br />

Thal<strong>as</strong>soplax angusta Guinot, 1969 55, 591, 601<br />

Thoe puella Stimpson, 1860 50,495, 555<br />

Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 22, 234, 245<br />

Thor dobkini Chace, 1972. 22,234, 245<br />

Thor floridanus Kingsley, 1878 22, 234, 245<br />

ThormanningiChd.ce, 1972 22, 234, 245<br />

Thunor simus (Guenn-M6neville, 1856) 21, 194, 229<br />

Tomopaguropsis problematica (A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893) 34, 359, 391<br />

Tomopagurus chacei (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 34, 365, 387<br />

Tomopagurus cokeri (Hay, 1917) 34, 365, 385<br />

Tomopagurus cubensis (W<strong>as</strong>s, 1963) 35, 365, 385<br />

Tomopagurus rubropunctatus A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1893 35, 365, 385<br />

Tomopagurus w<strong>as</strong>si McLaughlin, 1981 35, 365, 385<br />

Tozeuma carolinense Kingsley, 1878 22, 235, 247<br />

Tozeuma cornutum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 22, 235, 247<br />

Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 23, 235, 247<br />

Trachycaris restrictus (A. Milne Edwards, 1878) 23, 230, 249<br />

Trachypenaeopsis mobilispinis (Rathbun, 1920) 8, 82, 95<br />

Trachypenaeus constrictus (Stimpson, 1874) 8, 85, 93<br />

Trachypenaeus similis (Smith, 1885) 8, 85, 93<br />

Trapezioplax tridentata (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 55, 592, 601<br />

Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne Edwards, 1880 51, 569, 571

---

760 Taxonomic Index<br />

Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969 17, 152, 193<br />

Tutankhamen cristatipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 51, 558, 567<br />

Tyche emarginata White, 1847 50, 495, 557<br />

Tymolus antennaria (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 39,447,449<br />

Typion carneus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />

Typton distinctus Chace, 1972 17, 161, 189<br />

Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 187<br />

Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951 . 17, 161, 187<br />

Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911 17, 161, 187<br />

Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 1951 17, 161, 1=89<br />

Ucaburgersi Holthuis, 1967 66,709,715<br />

Uca leptodactyla Rathbun, 1898 66,707,711<br />

Uca longisignalis Salmon and Atsaides, 1968 66, 708, 713<br />

Ucaminax(LeGonte, 1855) 66, 709* 715<br />

Uca panacea Novak and Salmon, 1974 66* 707, 711<br />

Ucapugilator (Bosc, 1802) 66, 707, 711<br />

Uca pugnax (Smith, 1870) 66* 709; 715<br />

Uca rapax (Smith, 1870).... 66, 709* 715<br />

Uca speciosa (Ives, 1891). 66, 708> 713<br />

Uca spinicarpa Rathbun, 1900 66,708, 713<br />

Uca thayeri Rathbun, 1900 67, 708, 711<br />

Uca vocator (Herbst, 1804) 67, 708, 713<br />

Vaides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) 67, 707, 717<br />

Uhli<strong>as</strong> UmbalusStimpson, 1871 43, 479* 491<br />

Upogebia qffinis (Say, 1818) 27*309, 311<br />

Upogebia operculata Schmitt, 1924 27, 309, 311<br />

Uroptychus armalus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) 35, 393, 395<br />

Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981 17, 153* 193<br />

Xantho denticulata White, 1847 61, 603, 659<br />

Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) 8, 82, 95<br />

Zygopa michaelis Holthuis, 1960 38, 427, 431