SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 543 ...

I 

The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea: 

Decapoda) of the Albatross 

Philippine Expedition 1907-1910, 

Part 6: Superfamily Palaemonoidea 

FENNER A. CHACE, Jr., 

and 

A. J. BRUCE 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 543 

*

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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O Z O O L O G Y • N U M B E R 5 4 3 



Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910, 


Fenner A. Chace, Jr., and AJ. Bruce 

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS 

Washington, D.C. 

1993

ABSTRACT 

Chace, Fenner A., Jr., and AJ. Bruce. The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the 

Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910, Part 6: Superfamily Palaemonoidea. Smithsonian 

Contributions to Zoology, number 543, 152 pages 23 figures, 1993.—World checklists are 

proposed for 194 presumably valid species and subspecies of the genus Macrobrachium, 

together with their synonyms and type localities, and for 70 recognized genera and 408 valid 

species and subspecies of the subfamily Pontoniinae, with their synonyms, type species, and 

type localities. Keys are offered to the families and subfamilies of the superfamily 

Palaemonoidea, to all recognized genera of the Pontoniinae, Gnathophyllidae, and the genera 

and species of the Hymenoceridae, to the Indo-Pacific genera of the Palaemoninae, to all species 

and subspecies of Leander, Leandrites, Leptocarpus, Nematopalaemon, Urocaridella, 

Anchistus, Coralliocaris, Dasella, Dasycaris, Hamodactylus, Harpiliopsis, Jocaste, Onycocaris, 

Palaemonella, Paranchistus, and Gnathophyllum, and to the Philippine-Indonesian 

species of Macrobrachium, Periclimenaeus, and Periclimenes. The following new species are 

described: Urocaridella vestigialis from Selat Butung, Celebes, Indonesia, in 68 meters; 

Periclimenes albatrossae from the South China Sea off western Luzon, Philippines, in 315 

meters; and Periclimenes calcaratus from Albay Gulf, southeastern Luzon, Philippines, in about 

267 meters. The specimen from Kepulauan Kai, Indonesia, identified by Holthuis (1952) as 

Periclimenaeus truncatus (Rathbun, 1906) proves to be distinct from that species and is 

designated as the holotype of the new species Periclimenaeus truncoideus. 

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is 

recorded in the institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral 

Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus). 

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 

(Revised fot Pt 6) 

Chace, Fenner Albert 

The Caridean shrimps (Crustaces-Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910 

(Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 381- ) 

Includes bibliographies. 

Supt. of Docs. no. SI 1.27:381 

Supt. of Docs. no. SI 1.27:432 

Contents: Pt. I Family Stylodactylidae—Pt. 2 Families Glyphocrangonidae and Crangonidae—[etc.]—Pt 6. Superfamily 

Palaemonoidea. 

1. Shrimps—Philippines—Classification. 2. Crustacea—Classification. 3. Crustacea Philippines— 

Classification. I. Title. II. Series: Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 381, etc. 

QLl.S54no. 381, etc. 591s 83-600061 [QL444.M33 [595.3'843e] 

® The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American 

National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48—1984.

Contents 

Page 

Introduction 1 

Acknowledgments 1 

•PALAEMONOIDEA Rafinesque, 1815 1 

Key to Families and Subfamilies of Palaemonoidea 3 

*PALAEMONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 4 

•PALAEMONINAE Rafinesque, 1815 4 

Key to Indo-West Pacific Genera of Palaemoninae 4 

Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 5 

1. Exopalaemon styliferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) 5 

*Leander E. Desmarest, 1849 5 

Key to Species of Leander 6 

2. Leander kempi Holthuis, 1950 6 

•3. Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818) 6 

Leandrites Holthuis, 1950 7 

Key to Species of Leandrites 7 

4. Leandrites celebensis (De Man, 1881) 7 

5. Leandrites deschampsi (Nobili, 1903) 7 

6. Leandrites indicus Holthuis, 1950 7 

7. Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950 7 

Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950 8 

Key to Species of Leptocarpus 8 

8. Leptocarpus potamiscus (Kemp, 1917) 8 

*Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 8 

Checklist of Species of Macrobrachium 8 

Key to Full-grown Males of Philippine-Indonesian Species of Macrobrachium 

20 

*9. Macrobrachium australe (GueYin-M6neville, 1838) 23 

•10. Macrobrachium bariense (De Man, 1892) 24 

11. Macrobrachium callirrhoe (De Man, 1898) 24 

12. Macrobrachium clymene (De Man, 1902) 25 

13. Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 1950 25 

*14. Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852) 25 

15. Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) 26 

*16. Macrobrachium gracilirostre (Miers, 1875) 26 

17. Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989 27 

18. Macrobrachium hainanense (Parisi, 1919) 27 

19. Macrobrachium horstii (De Man, 1892) 27 

•20. Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862) 27 

21. Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950 28 

*22. Macrobrachium jaroense (Cowles, 1914) 29 

23. Macrobrachium javanicum (Heller, 1862) 29 

24. Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950 29 

*25. Macrobrachium lanceifrons (Dana, 1852) 29 

•26. Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798) 30 

*27. Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891) 31 

*28. Macrobrachium latimanus (Von Martens, 1868) 31 

in

iv SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY 

*29. Macrobrachium lepidactyloides (De Man, 1892) 32 

30. Macrobrachium lorentzi (J. Roux, 1921) 32 

31. Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) 33 

32. Macrobrachium mammillodactylus (Thallwitz, 1892) 33 

33. Macrobrachium minutum (J. Roux, 1917) 33 

34. Macrobrachium mirabile (Kemp, 1917) 34 

35. Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984 34 

36. Macrobrachium oenone (De Man, 1902) 34 

37. Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950 34 

38. Macrobrachium pilimanus (De Man, 1879) 35 

•39. Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892) 35 

40. Macrobrachium placidum (De Man, 1892) 36 

41. Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984 36 

•42. Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) 36 

43. Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862) 37 

44. Macrobrachium sintangense (De Man, 1898) 38 

45. Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950 38 

46. Macrobrachium trompii (De Man, 1898) 38 

47. Macrobrachium weberi (De Man, 1892) 38 

Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 38 

Key to Species of Nematopalaemon 39 

48. Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Henderson, 1893) 39 

*Palaemon Weber, 1795 39 

Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Palaemon 40 

*49. Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852 40 

•50. Palaemon debilis Dana, 1852 40 

51. Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson, 1860) 41 

52. Palaemon semmelinkii (De Man, 1881) 41 

53. Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson, 1860) 41 

*Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915 41 

Key to Species of Urocaridella 42 

54. Urocaridella urocaridella (Holthuis, 1950) 42 

•55. Urocaridella vestigialis, new species 45 

*PONTONIINAE Kingsley, 1878 45 

Checklist of Genera and Species of Pontoniinae 45 

Key to Genera of Pontoniinae 64 

Anapontonia Bruce, 1966 70 

56. Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966 70 

*Anchistus Borradaile, 1898 70 

Key to Species of Anchistus 71 

57. Anchistus australis Bruce, 1977 71 

58. Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977 72 

59. Anchistus custos (Forskal, 1775) 72 

60. Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922 72 

•61. Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888) 72 

Chernocaris Johnson, 1967 72 

62. Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967 72 

*Conchodytes Peters, 1852 73 

63. Conchodytes kempi Bruce, 1989 73 

•64. Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989 73 

65. Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852 74 

66. Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952 75 

•67. Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844) 75 

68. Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852 76 

*Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860 76 

Key to Species of Coralliocaris 76

NUMBER 543 

*69. Coralliocaris graminea (Dana, 1852) 77 

*70. Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852) 77 

71. Coralliocaris venusta Kemp, 1922 78 

72. Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974 78 

*Dasella Lebour, 1945 78 

Key to Species of Dasella 78 

•73. Dasella herdmaniae (Lebour, 1939) 78 

Dasycaris Kemp, 1922 79 

Key to Species of Dasycaris 79 

74. Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952 80 

Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952 80 

Key to Species of Hamodactylus 80 

75. Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952 80 

76. Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970 80 

Hamopontonia Bruce, 1970 81 

Key to Species of Hamopontonia 81 

77. Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970 81 

*Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917 81 

Key to Species of Harpiliopsis 82 

*78. Harpiliopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1826) 82 

*79. Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson, 1860) 82 

*80. Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890) 82 

Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966 83 

81. Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard, 1962) 83 

*Jocaste Holthuis, 1952 83 

Key to Species of Jocaste 84 

82. Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890) 84 

•83. Jocaste lucina (Nobili, 1901) 84 

Mesopontonia Bruce, 1967 84 

Key to Species of Mesopontonia 84 

84. Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967 85 

Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981 85 

85. Onycocaridella stenolepis (Holthuis, 1952) 85 

Onycocaris Nobili, 1904 85 

Key to Species of Onycocaris 86 

86. Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985 87 

*Palaemonella Dana, 1852 87 

Key to Species of Palaemonella 87 

87. Palaemonella lata Kemp, 1922 89 

88. Palaemonella pottsi (Borradaile, 1915) 89 

*89. Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898) 89 

90. Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852 89 

Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952 89 

Key to Species of Paranchistus 90 

91. Paranchistus armatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 90 

92. Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952 91 

93. Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983 91 

Paratypton Balss, 1914 91 

94. Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914 91 

*Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915 91 

Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenaeus 92 

95. Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952 92 

96. Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili, 1904) 92 

97. Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969 92 

*98. Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952 92 

99. Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952 93

vi SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY 

100. Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989 93 

101. Periclimenaeus tridentatus (Miers, 1884) 93 

102. Periclimenaeus truncoideus, new species 93 

*Periclimenes O.G. Costa, 1844 94 

Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenes 95 

*103. Periclimenes affinis (Zehntner, 1894) 99 

*104. Periclimenes albatrossae, new species 100 

105. Periclimenes alcocki Kemp, 1922 102 

106. Periclimenes amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 102 

*107. Periclimenes amymone De Man, 1902 102 

108. Periclimenes andamanensis Kemp, 1922 103 

109. Periclimenes attenuatus Bruce, 1971 103 

110. Periclimenes batei (Borradaile, 1917) 103 

111. Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902) 104 

112. Periclimenes brockii (De Man, 1888) 104 

* 113. Periclimenes calcaratus, new species 104 

114. Periclimenes ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915 106 

115. Periclimenes commensalis Borradaile, 1915 107 

116. Periclimenes consobrinus (De Man, 1902) 107 

117. Periclimenes coriolis Bruce, 1985 107 

118. Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965 108 

*119. Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984 108 

120. Periclimenes digitalis Kemp, 1922 108 

121. Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922 110 

*122. Periclimenes elegans (Paulson, 1875) 110 

123. Periclimenes ensifrons (Dana, 1852) Ill 

124. Periclimenesforesti Bruce, 1981 Ill 

125. Periclimenesfoveolatus Bruce, 1981 Ill 

126. Periclimenes galene Holthuis, 1952 112 

127. Periclimenes gracilis (Dana, 1852) 112 

128. Periclimenes grandis (Stimpson, 1860) 112 

129. Periclimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913 113 

*130. Periclimenes holthuisi Bruce, 1969 113 

•131. Periclimenes incertus Borradaile, 1915 114 

132. Periclimenes indicus (Kemp, 1915) 114 

133. Periclimenes inornatus Kemp, 1922 115 

134. Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987 115 

135. Periclimenes jugalis Holthuis, 1952 115 

136. Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969 115 

137. Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977 116 

*138. Periclimenes lanipes Kemp, 1922 116 

139. Periclimenes latipollex Kemp, 1922 117 

140. Periclimenes longirostris (Borradaile, 1915) 117 

141. Periclimenes lutescens (Dana, 1852) 117 

142. Periclimenes magnificus Bruce, 1979 118 

143. Periclimenes nilandensis Borradaile, 1915 118 

144. Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969 119 

145. Periclimenes pectiniferus Holthuis, 1952 119 

146. Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzly, 1983 119 

147. Periclimenes platycheles Holthuis, 1952 120 

*148. Periclimenes psamathe (De Man, 1902) 120 

149. Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981 120 

150. Periclimenes seychellensis Borradaile, 1915 121 

151. Periclimenes sibogae Holthuis, 1952 121

NUMBER 543 vii 

•152. Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, 1969 121 

153. Periclimenes soror Nobili, 1904 122 

•154. Periclimenes spiniferus De Man, 1902 122 

•155. Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898 123 

156. Periclimenes tenuis Bruce, 1969 123 

•157. Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969 124 

158. Periclimenes tosaensis Kubo, 1951 124 

159. Periclimenes venustus Bruce, 1990 124 

*Periclimenoides Bruce, 1990 126 

*160. Periclimenoides odontodactylus (Fujino and Miyake, 1968) .... 

126 

*Philarius Holthuis, 1952 126 

•161. Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905) 127 

162. Philarius imperialis (Kubo, 1940) 127 

Platycaris Holthuis, 1952 127 

163. Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952 127 

Platypontonia Bruce, 1968 127 

164. Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1971 127 

Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985 128 

165. Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985 128 

Pliopontonia Bruce, 1973 128 

166. Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973 128 

*Pontonia Latreille, 1829 128 

167. Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898 129 

168. Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940 129 

*169. Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922 129 

170. Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972 129 

171. Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952 129 

*Pontonides Borradaile, 1917 130 

Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915 130 

172. Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915 130 

*Thaumastocaris Kemp, 1922 130 

•173. Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922 131 

*Vir Holthuis, 1952 131 

*174. Vir orientalis (Dana, 1852) 131 

175. Vir philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984 132 

*ANCHISTIOIDIDAE Borradaile, 1915 132 

*Anchistioides Paulson, 1875 132 

176. Anchistioides australiensis (Balss, 1921)? 132 

•177. Anchistioides willeyi (Borradaile, 1899) 133 

GNATHOPHYLLIDAE Dana, 1852 133 

Key to Genera of Gnathophyllidae 134 

Gnathophylloides Schmitt, 1933 134 

178. Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt, 1933 134 

179. Gnathophylloides robustus Bruce, 1973 134 

Gnathophyllum Latreille, 1819 134 

Key to Species of Gnathophyllum 135 

180. Gnathophyllum americanum Gudrin-Me'neviHe, 1855 136 

•HYMENOCERIDAE Ortmann, 1890 136 

Key to Genera and Species of Hymenoceridae 136 

*Hymenocera Latreille, 1819 137 

*181. Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852 137 

Literature Cited 138



Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910, 


Introduction 

General considerations about the Albatross Philippine 

Expedition and its collections have been presented in Part 1 of 

this series (Chace, 1983). Repeated below are those format 

particulars that are common to all of the parts. 

The taxa numbered and itemized are those known from the 

Philippines and Indonesia, whether or not they are represented 

in the Albatross collections; those taken by that Expedition are 

indicated by an asterisk (*). The genera and species are 

arranged alphabetically, and the latter are numbered sequentially 

by order of appearance in the taxonotnic portion of the 

report. The generic entries comprise at least the original 

reference, followed by designation of the type species and of 

the gender of the generic name, a diagnosis, and the geographic 

and, sometimes, bathymetric ranges of the genus. The original 

reference and range are given for each extraterritorial species 

and subspecies cited. There has been no attempt to list all 

references under the taxa headings in the text. Usually the 

species and subspecies entries are limited to (1) the original 

reference and type locality of both senior and junior synonyms 

mentioned; (2) a reference to a published illustration, if 

possible; (3) a diagnosis; and (4) the range of the taxon. Under 

"Material" of species and subspecies represented in the 

Albatross collections are listed the following particulars when 

known: (1) general locality; (2) station number; (3) latitude and 

longitude; (4) depth in meters (in brackets when estimated); (5) 

character of bottom; (6) bottom temperature in degrees Celsius; 

(7) date and astronomical time intervals (hours between 

midnight and midnight) that the gear operated at the indicated 

Fenner A. Chace, Jr., Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National- 

Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, 

D.C. 20560. AJ. Bruce, Northern Territory Museum of Arts and 

Sciences, G.P.O. Box 4646, Darwin, N.T., 0801, Australia. 

Fenner A. Chace, Jr., and AJ. Bruce 

depth; (8) gear used; and (9) the number and sex of the 

specimens, with minimum and maximum postorbital carapace 

lengths in millimeters, in brackets (the numbers and size ranges 

of ovigerous females are included in the female totals, as well 

as separately). Additional station data may be available in 

Anonymous (1910). 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—If this study had been conducted in 

one of the physical sciences, the names of at least five of our 

colleagues would certainly have been added to the by-line. 

Austin B. Williams, Raymond B. Manning, Brian Kensley, 

L.B. Holthuis, and Alain Crosnier have made major contributions 

(some of them covert) to whatever value this report may 

convey. To identify the respective nature of those offerings 

might falsely suggest specific critical negligence as a cause of 

inadvertent errors in the post-review draft of this treatise. The 

individual benefactors know what they contributed, as do we, 

and we take this opportunity to thank them to the best of our 

ability for their sacrifice of personal research time in a truly 

selfless attempt to improvethe chances for significant progress 

in research on the palaemonoid shrimps. In addition to the 

assistance from the five colleagues mentioned above, we must 

note the special help received from the exchange of Macrobrachium 

checklists with Guido A. Pereira S. of the Instituto de 

Zoologia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, during his 

doctoral residency at the University of Maryland and the 

Smithsonian Institution. 

*PALAEMONOIDEA Rafinesque, 1815 

PALEMONIA Rafinesque, 1815:98. 

PALAEMONIDAE Bruce. 1986a:469. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum immovable; 2nd maxilliped with 

distal segments articulating serially, not side by side, on 

penultimate segment; 3rd maxilliped composed of no more 

than 6 segments; pereopods without exopods or arthrobranchs,

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY 

FIGURE 1.—The Philippines and central Indonesia, showing the positions of Albatross offshore stations at which 

caridean shrimps were obtained. 

20 •


epipods, if present, not large, not extending dorsad into 

branchial chamber; 1st and 2nd pair of pereopods distinctly 

chelate, dactyl meeting opposing finger when flexed, not 

crossing, chelae not terminating in dense brushes of long setae; 

1st pereopod not stouter than 2nd; 2nd pereopod with 

undivided carpus. 

RANGE.—Cosmopolitan; freshwater and marine, to a depth 

of 1820 meters, also subterranean. 

CLASSIFICATION.—The following key, modified from the 

one in Bruce (1986a:469), is still far from definitive. It reflects 

the belief that Bathypalaemonella Balss, 1914a, and Campylonotus 

Bate, 1888, which may or may not comprise the family 

Campylonotidae Sollaud, 1913, probably are not closely 

related to the genera here assigned to the superfamily 

Palaemonoidea. It also discloses our tentative conclusion that 

Gnathophyllum, Gnathophylloides, Pycnocaris, and Levicaris, 

because of their probably similar larval morphology, are related 

to the Pontoniinae but that they are distinguished sufficiently 

Key to Families and Subfamilies of Palaemonoidea 

from that palaemonid subfamily by their unique, although 

diverse, mouthparts to negate the possibility of synonymy, 

thereby preserving the familiar name of the subfamily. There 

seems to be little doubt that the similarly unique anterior 

appendages of Hymenocera—to a lesser extent Phyllognathia—are 

of familial importance. Likewise, although 

Anchistioides seems to differ little from some of the pontoniines, 

its larvae, as described by Gurney (1936), seem to us 

to support familial separation on the basis of seemingly minor 

adult morphological details. Finally, the virtually single 

characters that distinguish the Eurafrican and South American 

freshwater genera Desmocaris, Sollaud, 1911, Euryrhynchus, 

Miers, 1877, and Typhlocaris Caiman, 1909, may be important 

enough to justify familial recognition of each of those genera. 

On the other hand, the protean nature of the 70 pontoniine 

genera currently recognized is such as to overshadow the 

couple of seemingly evanescent differences that separate them 

from the other palaemonid genera. 

1. Mandible usually with incisor process prominent, deeply separated from molar 

process; 1st maxilliped with caridean lobe of exopod distinctly overreaching 

endite; 3rd maxilliped slender, pereopod-like 2 

Mandible with incisor process vestigial or absent; 1st maxilliped with caridean lobe 

of exopod not distinctly overreaching endite; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate 

segment broad, at least proximally, sometimes operculate 7 

2. Mandible with molar process flared distally; 1st maxilliped with exopodal lash 

vestigial. (Telson typically with 1 pair of stout spines on posterior margin.) 

*ANCHISTIOIDIDAE 

Mandible with molar process conventional, not flared, 1st maxilliped with exopodal 

lash fully developed 3 

3. First maxilliped with palp broadly ovate; 2nd maxiiliped with terminal segment 

broadly ovate, penultimate segment convexly produced mesiad, causing endopod 

to appear bilobate distally. (Carapace with supraorbital tooth; telson without 

dorsolateral spines; pleopods without appendix interna) 

DESMOCARIDIDAE Borradaile, 1915 

(Western and central Africa; fresh water) 

First maxilliped with palp not unusually broad; 2nd maxilliped not markedly bilobate 

distally 4 

4. First maxilliped with caridean lobe acutely produced distally 

TYPHLOCARIDIDAE 5 

First maxilliped with caridean lobe of exopod not acutely produced distally 

*PALAEMONIDAE .... 6 

5. Carapace divided into 3 longitudinal parts by paired, complete postantennal suture; 

3rd antennular flagellum partially fused with dorsal flagellum 

TYPHLOCARIDINAE Annandale and Kemp, 1913 

(Italy, Libya, and Israel; fresh or 

brackish water, usually subterranean) 

Carapace without complete longitudinal suture; 3rd antennular flagellum entirely 

free from fusion with either of other 2 flagella 

EURYRHYNCHINAE Holthuis, 1950 

(Northeastern South America and 

western Africa; fresh water)


6. Telson usually with 2 pairs of posterior marginal spines .... *PALAEMONINAE 

Telson usually with 3 pairs of posterior marginal spines *PONTONIINAE 

7. Third maxilliped with antepenultimate segment clearly articulated with and much 

wider than next proximal segment "HYMENOCERIDAE 

Third maxilliped with antepenultimate segment at least partially fused with and not 

much wider than next proximal segment GNATHOPHYLLIDAE 

*PALAEMONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 

PALAEMONIA Rafinesque, 1815:98. 

PALAEMONIDAE.—Samoueile, 1819:96. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without complete longitudinal suture; 

telson usually with 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior 

margin; antennule with 2 completely separate flagella, 1 with 

accessory branch; mandible usually with incisor process; 1st 

maxilla with mesial coxal lobe not unusually large, mesial 

basal lobe not reduced; 2nd maxilla with 0, 1, or 2 endites; 1st 

maxilliped with exopodal lash; 2nd maxilliped with marginal 

setae on distal segment not especially stout or dense; 3rd 

maxilliped with antepenultimate segment neither articulated 

with nor much wider than next proximal segment; 2nd 

pereopod with dactyl usually not distinctly serrate on extensor 

margin; 2nd pleopod with appendix masculina in male. 

RANGE.—Cosmopolitan, freshwater and marine; littoral to 

1285 meters. 

Key to Indo-West Pacific Genera of Palaemoninae 

•PALAEMONINAE Rafinesque, 1815 

DIAGNOSIS.—Telson usually armed with 2 pairs of posterior 

spines (usually 3 pairs in Coutierella) and 2 or more submedian 

setae; 3rd maxilliped usually with 2 arthrobranchs. 

RANGE.—Cosmopolitan, freshwater and marine; subterranean, 

littoral, and pelagic to 170 meters. 

REMARKS.—The 11 palaemonine genera from the Indo- 

Pacific region recognized herein are incorporated in the 

following key. 

The remaining genera assigned to this subfamily are 

confined to fresh water in the Americas or western Africa and 

are included in the comprehensive key in Holthuis (1955:43), 

except two genera from subterranean fresh water in Mexico: 

Bithynops Holthuis, 1974a: 135, and Neopalaemon Hobbs, 

1973a:25, both of which may be referred to in Hobbs, Hobbs, 

and Daniel (1977:46, 52). 

1. Carapace with branchiostegal spine, sometimes arising posterior to margin ... 2 

Carapace without branchiostegal spine 9 

2. Elevated dentate crest at base of rostrum 3 

No elevated crest at base of rostrum 5 

3. Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin at 

point dorsal to branchiostegal spine Exopalaemon 

Carapace without branchiostegal suture 4 

4. Branchiostegal spine arising from margin of carapace; 2 posterior pairs of 

pereopods with dactyl longer than combined length of propodus and carpus; 1st 

pleopod of male without appendix intema on endopod .... Nematopalaemon 

Branchiostegal spine arising posterior to margin of carapace; 2 posterior pairs of 

pereopods with dactyl shorter than propodus; 1st pleopod of male with appendix 

intema on endopod *Urocaridella 

5. Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin at 

point dorsal to branchiostegal spine 6 

Carapace without branchiostegal suture 8 

6. Mandible normally with palp *Palaemon 

Mandible without palp 7 

7. Telson with 3 or more pairs of spines on posterior margin; 1st maxilla with distal 

endite broad, proximal endite rotated mesially; 2nd maxilla with basal endite 

deeply bilobate; 1st maxilliped with basal endite mesially ridged, separated from 

palp by U-shaped notch, coxal endite large, setose 

Coutierella Sollaud, 1914:318 

(Vietnam; Hong Kong)


Telson with 2 pairs of spines on posterior margin; 1st and 2nd maxillae and 1st 

maxilliped of normal palaemonoid form 

Palaemonetes Heller, 1869:157, 161 

(Eastern Siberia, China, Australia, America, Europe, 

Near East, Northern and western Africa) 

8. Mandible with palp *Leander 

Mandible without palp Leandrites 

9. Carapace without hepatic spine 10 

Carapace with hepatic spine 11 

10. Rostrum with elevated basal crest; mandible with palp Leptocarpus 

Rostrum without elevated basal crest; mandible without palp 

Troglindicus Sankolli and Shenoy, 1979:84 

(Freshwater well at Ratnagiri, 

Maharashtra, western India 

11. Carapace without branchiostegal suture; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl 

biunguiculate; 1st pleopod of male with appendix interna on endopod 

Brachycarpus Bate, 1888:781 

(Red Sea; Tanzania; Sri Lanka; Ponape, Caroline 

Islands; eastward to America; western 

and eastern Atlantic; Mediterranean) 

Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin 

at point dorsal to branchiostegal spine; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with 

dactyl simple; 1st pleopod of male without appendix on endopod 

*\facrobrachium 

Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 

Exopalaemon Holthuis, 195Oa:5,9,45 [type species, by original designation: 

Palaemon styliferus H. Milne Edwards, 1840:638; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with elevated dentate basal crest; 

carapace with branchiostegal spine and branchiostegal suture, 

without hepatic spine; 4th thoracic sternite without slender 

median process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of 

pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter than 

propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod without appendix 

intema. 

RANGE.—Indonesia, Vietnam, China, Korea, Japan; littoral, 

also brackish and fresh water. 

REMARKS.—The characteristically crested rostrum seems 

sufficient to justify full generic status for the six or seven 

species originally assigned to the subgenus Exopalaemon by 

Holthuis (1950a). Only the type species has been recorded from 

the Philippine-Indonesian region. 

1. Exopalaemon styliferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) 

P[alaemon] longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837:394 [type locality: mouth of 

the Ganges; not P. longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837:392]. 

Pfalaemon] styliferus H. Milne Edwards, 1840:638. 

Leander styliferus.—Kemp, 1917:214, figs. 5, 6a, b, pi. 8: fig. 2. 

Palaemon (Exopalaemon) styliferus.—Holthuis, 1950a:46, fig. 8. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum armed with 5-7 teeth on basal crest, 

1-3 dorsal subterminal teeth, and 6-10 ventral teeth; 4 

posterior abdominal somites not sharply carinate in dorsal 

mid-line; antennular peduncle with distolateral spine on basal 

segment barely overreaching adjacent distal margin of segment, 

free part of shorter branch of dorsolateral flagellum 

several times as long as fused part; 2nd pereopod with carpus 

considerably shorter than chela; 3rd pereopod with dactyl no 

more than '/2 as long as propodus; maximum carapace length 

nearly 20 mm. 

RANGE.—India, Pakistan, Burma, Thailand, Borneo, and 

Java; shallow, salt, brackish, and fresh water. 

*Leander E. Desmarest, 1849 

Leander E. Desmarest, 1849:92 [type species, by monotypy: Leander erraticus 

E. Desmarest, 1849:92 (= Palaemon tenuicornis Say, 1818:249); gender 

masculine]. 

Cryptoleander Gurney, 1938:35 [this name was proposed as a uninomial 

collective-group name; Gurney and Lebour (1941:145, 159) referred 

Leander tenuicornis to the name, thereby according it true generic status]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum without elevated basal crest; carapace 

with submarginal branchiostegal spine, without hepatic 

spine or branchiostegal suture; 4th thoracic sternite without 

slender median process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs 

of pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter 

than propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod with appendix 

intema. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, 

New Zealand, western Atlantic, eastern Atlantic, and 

Mediterranean; on floating weed in the open sea and among

attached plants in shallow water. 

REMARKS.—It is suggested that Urocaridella, which was 

treated as a synonym of Leander by Holthuis (1950a:6 and 

Key to Species of Leander 


1955:45), be reestablished as a distinct genus. Only the three 

species covered in the following key are therefore recognized 

herein as belonging to this genus. 

1. Rostrum sexually dimorphic, expanded vertically in female; basal antennular 

segment straight or concave distally lateral to 2nd segment; stylocerite distinctly 

overreaching midlength of basal antennular segment *3. L. tenuicornis 

Rostrum not sexually dimorphic, not expanded vertically in either sex; basal 

antennular segment sinuous distally lateral to 2nd segment; stylocerite not 

extending beyond level of midlength of basal antennular segment 2 

2. Fifth abdominal somite with pleuron rounded, not dentate, posteroventrally; basal 

antennular segment with convex distal lobe not reaching level of tip of distolateral 

spine; stylocerite not reaching level of midlength of basal antennular segment; 2nd 

pereopod without teeth on opposable margins of either finger .... 2. L. kempi 

Fifth abdominal somite with pleuron dentate posteroventrally; basal antennular 

segment with convex distal lobe reaching level of tip of distolateral spine; 

stylocerite reaching about to level of midlength of basal antennular segment; 2nd 

pereopod with 1 or 2 teeth on opposable margin of each finger 

L. paulensis Ortmann, 1897:191 

(Western Atlantic; littoral 

[see Manning, 1961]) 

2. Leander kempi Holthuis, 1950 

Leander kempi Holthuis, 19S0a:31 [type locality: Manado anchorage, 

northeastern Celebes (55 meters) and Beo. Kepulauan Talaud]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not sexually dimorphic; 4th and 5th 

abdominal somites with pleuron rounded, unarmed; basal 

antennular segment with distal margin sinuous lateral to 2nd 

segment, stylocerite short, not reaching level of mid-length of 

basal segment of antennular peduncle; 2nd pereopod without 

teeth on opposable margin of either finger; maximum carapace 

length about 8 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from three specimens in the Indonesian 

type series. 

*3. Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818) 

Astacus lot us la J.C. Fabricius. 1781:513 [type locality: "in Oceano. Mus. Dom. 

Banks": not Astacus locusta Pennant, 1777]. 

?Penaeus punctatissimus Bosc, 1802:109, pi. 14: fig. 3 [type locality: North 

Atlantic "sur les fucus nageans"]- 

Pfalaemon] tenuicornis Say, 1818:249 [type locality: Banks of Newfoundland]. 

?Penaeus adspersus Tilesius. 1819:4, pi. 21a: fig. 1 [type locality: high seas]. 

PfalaemonJ natatnr H. Milne Edwards, 1837:393 [type locality: Indian Ocean, 

"sur du fucus natans"]. 

Palemon latirostris De Haan, 1833-1850:170, pi. 45: fig. 12 [type locality: 

Japan]. 

Leander erratic us E. Desmarest. 1849:92 [type locality: Guadeloupe]. 

P[alaemon] torensis Paulson, 1875:116, pi. 17: fig. 3 [type locality: Red Sea]. 

Leander tenuicornis.—Holthuis, 195Oa:26. figs. 1, 2; 1952b:155, pis. 41, 

42.—Manning. 1961:531-534. fig. 2d[n.b.]./. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum sexually dimorphic, vertically ex- 

panded in female; pleura of 4th and 5th abdominal somites 

dentate posteroventrally; basal antennular segment with distal 

margin straight or concave lateral to 2nd segment; stylocerite 

long, overreaching mid-length of basal segment of antennular 

peduncle; 2nd pereopod without teeth on opposable margin of 

fixed finger; maximum carapace length about 8 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Port Matalvi, western Luzon; 

[15°29TS[, 119°56'E]; 23 Nov 1908; 130' seine: 1 female 

[6.4].—Cagmanaba Bay, southeastern Luzon; [H'WN, 

123°18'E]; mouth of small stream; 11 Mar 1909: 1 ovig female 

[6.1].—Port Busin, Burias Island; [13°08', 122°58'E]; tide 

pool; 8 Mar 1909 (0800); copper sulfate: 1 female [4.3].— 

South of Panay near sta 5184; surface under seaweed; 30[?] 

Mar 1908 [labeled "3/20/08"]: 1 juv [1.2]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and South Africa to Japan, Philippines, 

Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, and the Atlantic Ocean 

from Newfoundland to the Falkland Islands in the west and 

from the Mediterranean to the Tropic of Cancer in the east; 

associated with floating weed in the open sea and with attached 

vegetation in shallow water. The species is commonly believed 

to frequent all tropical and subtropical seas, except those off the 

Pacific coast of America, but the easternmost Pacific records in 

the literature seem to be those from New Zealand, and there are 

no identified specimens in the Smithsonian collections from the 

Pacific east of the Palau Islands. 

REMARKS.—The juvenile specimen from south of Panay 

near Albatross station 5184 has the pleura of the fourth and fifth 

abdominal somites unarmed posteroventrally and a short 

stylocerite and short fingers of the second pereopod reminis-


cent of L. kempi, but the examination of series of western slender median process; mandible without palp; 3 posterior 

Atlantic specimens indicates that those characteristics are not pairs of pereopods with dactyl simple, shorter than propodus; 

atypical of juveniles of L. tenuicornis. endopod of male 1st pleopod with appendix interna. 

RANGE.—India, Singapore, and Indonesia; shallow, some- 

Leandrites Holthuis, 1950 times brackish water t0 56 meters 

Leandrites Holthuis, 1950a:4, 6, 30 [type species, by original designation: REMARKS.—With the proposed transfer of Leandrites 

LeandercelebensisDe Man. 1881:141; gender: masculine]. cyrtorhynchus Fujino and Miyake, 1969a, to Urocaridella, 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum without elevated basal crest; cara- only the four species covered in the following key are 

pace with submarginal branchiostegal spine, without hepatic recognized herein. All four have been recorded from Indonesia 

spine or branchiostegal suture; 4th thoracic sternite with or Singapore. 

Key to Species of Leandrites 

1. Rostrum nearly straight, overreaching antennal scale little if at all 2 

Rostrum curved somewhat dorsad, distinctly overreaching antennal scale .... 3 

2. Rostrum armed with 13-17 dorsal teeth, 3-7 ventral; 2nd pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by length of chela and part of carpus 4. L. celebensis 

Rostrum armed with 11 dorsal teeth, ventral margin unarmed except for 3 small 

subapicai teeth; 2nd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by combined lengths of 

chela, carpus, and most of merus 1. L. stenopus 

3. Rostrum armed with 10-12 dorsal and 4 or 5 ventral teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus 

distinctly longer than chela 5. L. deschampsi 

Rostrum armed with 13-16 dorsal and 8 or 9 ventral teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus 

only slightly longer than chela 6. L. indie us 

4. Leandrites celebensis (De Man, 1881) 

Leander celebensis De Man, 1881:141 [type locality: Makasar, southwestern 

Celebes]. 

Palaemonetes hornelli Kemp, 1925:318, figs. 14, 15 [type locality: Silavathura 

Lagoon, southern India]. 

Leandrites celebensis.—Holthuis, 1950a:36, fig. 4. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum nearly straight, reaching to or 

slightly beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, armed with 

13-17 (usually 14 or 15) dorsal teeth, including 2 more widely 

separated on carapace posterior to level of posterior margin of 

orbit, and 4-7 (usually 4) teeth extending over major part of 

ventral margin; 2nd pereopods overreaching antennal scale by 

length of chela and fully '/2 of carpus; maximum carapace 


RANGE.—Southern India, Indonesia, and Northern Territory, 

Australia; shallow, often brackish water. 

5. Leandrites deschampsi (Nobili, 1903) 

Leander Deschampsi Nobili, 1903a:8 [type locality: Singapore]. 

Leandrites deschampsi.—Holthuis, 1952a:202, fig. 1. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum curved dorsad, distinctly overreaching 

antennal scale, armed with 9 or 10 dorsal teeth, including 1 

or 2 more widely separated on carapace posterior to level of 

posterior margin of orbit, and 4 or 5 teeth extending over major 

part of ventral margin; 2nd pereopods overreaching antennal 

scale by length of chela and part of carpus; maximum carapace 


RANGE.—Singapore and China. 

6. Leandrites indicus Holthuis, 1950 

Leander indicus?.—De Man, 1881:139 [notL. indicus Heller, 1865]. 

Leandrites indicus Holthuis, 1950a:37, fig. 5 [type locality: off Makasar, 

southwestern Celebes]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum curved dorsad, distinctly overreaching 

antennal scale, armed with 11-14 dorsal teeth, including 2 

widely separated on carapace posterior to level of posterior 

margin of orbit, and 8 or 9 teeth extending over major part of 

ventral margin; 2nd pereopods overreaching antennal scale by 

length of chela and part of carpus; maximum carapace length 

about 8 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type series of two specimens 

from Makasar, Celebes. 

7. Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950 

Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950a:40, fig. 6 [type locality: Selat Madura, 

Indonesia; 7°25'S, 1 B'^'E; 56 meters]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum straight, not overreaching antennal 

scale, armed with 11 dorsal teeth, including 2 widely separated 

on carapace posterior to level of posterior margin of orbit, 

ventral margin unarmed except for 3 small subapicai teeth; 2nd 

pereopods overreaching antennal scale by combined lengths of 

chela, carpus, and nearly entire merus; carapace length about 

7 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the unique holotype from Selat 

Madura off northeastern Java; 56 meters. 

REMARKS.—The virtually unarmed ventral margin of the

8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY 

rostrum and the unusually long pereopods of the unique female 

representative of this species emphasize the desirability of 

determining the still unknown configuration of the endopod of 

the first pleopod of the male; the absence of an appendix intema 

on that appendage would suggest that L. stenopus might not be 

congeneric with the other three species assigned to the genus. 

Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950 

Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950a:5, 11, 95 [type species, by original designation: 

Leanderfluminkola Kemp, 1917:223; gender: masculine]. 

Key to Species of Leptocarpus 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with elevated basal crest; carapace 

without branchiostegal or hepatic spines, with branchiostegal 

suture; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median process; 

mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl 

simple, shorter than propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod 

without appendix intema. 

RANGE.—India to Indonesia; fresh and brackish water. 

REMARKS.—The two closely related species that have been 

assigned to this species since its establishment may be 

distinguished by the following key. 

Rostrum overreaching antennal scale by no more than 'A rostral length, armed ventrally 

with 3-5 teeth; 2nd pereopod with fingers rather deeply excavate longitudinally, about 

as long as palm; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale by little more than length of 

dactyl L. fluminkola (Kemp, 1917:223) 

(India and Burma; fresh and 

slightly brackish water) 

Rostrum overreaching antennal scale by more than 'A rostral length, armed ventrally with 

6-10 teeth; 2nd pereopod with fingers obscurely excavate longitudinally, little more 

than 2 /3 as long as palm; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl 

and at least '/2 of propodus 8. L. potamiscus 

8. Leptocarpus potamiscus (Kemp, 1917) 

Leander potamiscus Kemp, 1917:225, fig. 7 [type locality: Pattini River, below 

Pattini, Peninsular Thailand; fresh water under tidal influence]. 

Leptocarpus potamiscus.—Holthuis, 1950a:97. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale by more 

than 'A rostral length, armed ventrally with 6-10 teeth; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers obscurely excavate longitudinally, little 

more than 2 /3 as long as palm; 5th pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by length of dactyl and at least x li of propodus; 

maximum carapace length about 10 mm. 

RANGE.—India, Andaman Islands, Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, 

and Java; fresh and brackish water. 

*Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 

Macrobrachium Bate, 1868a:363 [type species, selected by Fowler, 1912:558: 

Macrobrachium americanum Bate, 1868a:363; gender, neuter]. 

Eupalaemon Ortmann, 1891:6%, 697 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 

1955:53: Palaemon acanthurus Wiegmann, 1836:150; gender: masculine]. 

Parapalaemon Ortmann, 1891:6%, 731 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 

1955:53: Palaemon dolichodactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:840 (= Palaemon 

scabriculum Heller, 1862a:527); gender masculine]. 

Macroterocheir Stebbing, 1908:39 [type species, by monotypy; Palaemon 

lepidactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:838; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum rarely with elevated basal crest; 

carapace without branchiostegal spine, with hepatic spine, and 

branchiostegal suture; 4th thoracic sternite with median 

process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods 

with dactyl simple, shorter than propodus; endopod of male 1st 

pleopod without appendix intema. 

RANGE.—Pantropical and subtropical, occasionally temperate, 

commonly fresh, sometimes brackish water, some species 

marine as juveniles. 

REMARKS.—More than 175 valid species and subspecies of 

Macrobrachium are now generally recognized throughout the 

world. As there has been no attempt to compile a complete 

checklist of the genus since Holthuis (1950a: 12-19) did so, we 

offer the following list of species described prior to 1990 for 

what it may be worth to our colleagues who have to cope with 

this difficult genus. 

Checklist of Species of Macrobrachium 

Valid species-group names (boldface italics) 

Synonyms and species inquirendae (italics) 

Type localities (roman) 

Macrobrachium acanthochirus Villalobos, 1967; 168 

Rio Valdeflores, Valdeflores de Tonameca, Pochutla, 

Estado de Oaxaca, Mexico 

P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) acanthosoma Nobili, 

1899:242 

"Katau" [?= Binaturi River, near Fly River], Papua New 

Guinea 

= Macrobrachium equidens


Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) 

Palaemon acanthurus Wiegmann, 1836:150 

"Brazilian coast" 

Palaemon forceps 

Palaemon Swainsonii 

Palaemon mexicanus 

Macrobrachium longidigitum 

Palaemon dasydactylus 

Palaemon sexdentatus 

Palaemon Potiete 

Macrobrachium acanthurus panamensis—See Macrobrachium 

panamense 

Macrobrachium acherontium Holthuis, 1977:188 

Grutas del Cocona, near Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico 

Macrobrachium coconaensis 

Palaemon acutirostris Dana, 1852a:26 

Hawaii 

= Macrobrachium grandimanus 

Macrobrachium adscitum adscitum Riek, 1951:363 

Queensland, Australia 

Macrobrachium aemulum (Nobili, 1906) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) aemulus Nobili, 1906a:258 

Gatavake, Gambier Islands, Tuamotu Archipelago 

Palaemon aequatorialis—See P. appuni var. aequatorialis 

Macrobrachium africanum Bate, 1868a:366 

"Tambo River" [Peru] 

= Cryphiops caementarius (Molina, 1782) 

Palaemon africanus Kingsley, 1882:107 

West coast of Africa 

= Macrobrachium macrobrachion 

Palaemon africanus Bouvier—See P. jamaicensis var. 

africanus 

Macrobrachium ahkowi Chong and Koo, 1987b:561 

Replacement name for M. johnsoni Chong and Koo, 

1987a (not M. johnsoni Ravindranath, 1979) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Alcocki Nobili, 1903b:9, fig. 5 

Pondicherry, southeastern India 

= Macrobrachium rude 

Palaemon alphonsianus Hoffmann, 1874:33, pi. 9: figs. 

63-65 

La Reunion 

= Macrobrachium australe 

Macrobrachium altifrons altifrons (Henderson, 1893) 

Palaemon altifrons Henderson, 1893:444, pi. 40: figs. 

4-6 

Northern India 

Macrobrachium altifrons ranjhai Tiwari, 1964:237 

Kabul River at Nowshera, Peshawar District, Pakistan 

Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) 

P[alaemon] amazonicus Heller, 1862b:418 

Amazon River 

Palaemon ensiculus 

Palaemon Dieperinkii 

Macrobrachium americanum Bate, 1868a: 363 

Lake Amatitlan, Guatemala 

Macrobrachium andamanicum (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon andamanicum Tiwari, 1952:30 

Andaman Islands 

Palaemon angolensis—See P. (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, 

var. angolensis 

Palaemon Appuni Von Martens, 1869:31, pi. 2: fig. 5 

Puerto Cabello, Venezuela 

= Macrobrachium heterochirus 

Palaemon appuni var. aequatorialis Ortmann, 1891:723, 

pi. 47: fig. 6 

Ecuador 

= Macrobrachium brasiliense 

Macrobrachium aracamuni Rodriguez, 1982:379, fig. 2 

Cerro Aracamuni, a tepuy or flat-top mountain, Territorio 

Federal Amazonas, Venezuela, 680 m above sea 

level 

Palaemon armatus—See P. (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus 

Palaemon asper Stimpson, 1860:41 [not Latreille, 1818] 

Chinese rivers and streams near Kuangchou 

= Macrobrachium nipponense 

Macrobrachium asperulum (Von Martens, 1868) 

Palaemon asperulus Von Martens, 1868: pi. 1: fig. 5 

Shanghai fish market ? 

Palaemon asperulus var. brevirostris 

Palaemon asperulus var. brevirostris Yu, 1931:287, 

fig. 4 

China 

?= Macrobrachium asperulum 

Macrobrachium assamense assamense (Tiwari, 1958) 

Palaemon assamensis Tiwari, 1958:297 

Someswari River, near Siju, Garo Hills, Assam, India 

Macrobrachium assamense peninsulare (Tiwari, 1958) 

Palaemon assamensis peninsularis Tiwari, 1958:298 

Nerbudda River at Khetgaon, Mandla District, Madhya 

Pradesh, India 

Macrobrachium atabapense Pereira, 1986:202, figs. 4, 5, 

6A 

Atabapo River, Sta. Cruz, Territorio Federal Amazonas, 

Venezuela; 3°2O'N, 67°29'W 

Macrobrachium atactum atactum Riek, 1951:364, fig. 5 

Conondale, Mary River, Queensland, Australia 

Macrobrachium atactum ischnomorphum Riek, 

1951:364, fig. 6 

Elimbah, Elimbah Creek, Queensland, Australia 

Macrobrachium atactum sobrinum Riek, 1951:364, 

fig. 7 

Muttaburra, Queensland, Australia 

*9. Macrobrachium australe (GueYin-Me"neville, 1838) 

Palaemon australis GueYin-Me"neville, 1838:37 

Tahiti 

Palaemon sundaicus

10 

Palaemon dispar 

Palaemon alphonsianus 

Palaemon parvus 

Palaemon Malliardi 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ustulatus 

Leander lepidus 

Macrobrachium australiense australiense Holthuis, 

1950a: 13, 174 

Gayndah, Rockhampton, and Peak Downs (Homestead), 

eastern Queensland, Australia 

Macrobrachium australiense crassum Riek, 1951:366, 

fig. 11 

Cairns, Queensland, Australia 

Macrobrachium australiense cristatum Riek, 1951; 366, 

fig. 9 

Pallal, Horton River, near Bingara, New South Wales 

Macrobrachium australiense eupharum Riek, 1951:365, 

fig. 8 

Burdekin River, Macrossan, Queensland, Australia 

Palaemon australis Gue>in-M6neville, 1838—See 

Macrobrachium australe 

Palaemon australis Ortmann, 1891 (not Gu6rin- 

M6neville, 1838) 

= Macrobrachium australiense 

Palaemon aztecus De Saussure, 1857:504 

Vera Cruz, Mexico 

= Macrobrachium carcinus 

Macrobrachium banjare (Tiwari, 1958) 

Palaemon banjarae Tiwari, 1958:299 

Banjar River off Aonrai Forest Village, Baihar Tehsil 

(Dist. Balaghat, M.P.), India 

Palaemon baramensis—See P. (Eupalaemon) sundaicus 

var. baramensis 

*10. Macrobrachium bariense (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) bariensis De Man, 

1892:496, pi. 29: fig. 50 

Berit, western Flores, Indonesia 

Palaemon bataviana—See P. sundaicus var. bataviana 

Macrobrachium birai Lobao, Melo, and Fernandes, 

1986;50 

Rio Branca, Brazil; 24°54'44"S 47°58'30"W 

Palaemon birmanicus—See P. spinipes Var. birmanicus 

Palaemon boninensis Stimpson, 1860:41 

Bonin Islands, in mountain streams 

= Macrobrachium japonicum 

Macrobrachium borellii (Nobili, 1896) 

Palaemon Borellii Nobili, 1896:2 

San Lorenzo (Provincia de Jujuy) and Provincia de San 

Luis, Argentina 

Urocaridella borradailei Stebbing, 1923:8, pi. 14 

Mhlatuze River, Natal 

= Macrobrachium equidens 

Palaemon brachydactyla Nobili—See P. (Eupalaemon) 

sundaicus var. brachydactyla 


Palaemon brachydactylus Wiegmann, 1836:148 

East coast of Mexico 


Macrobrachium brasiliense (Heller, 1862) 

P[alaemon] brasiliensis Heller, 1862b:419, pi. 2: fig. 46 

Brazil 

Palaemon appuni var. aequatorialis 

Palaemon brevicarpus De Haan, 1849:172 

Purportedly but in all probability not "Japan' 


Palaemon brevicarpus var. heterochirus Yu, 1936:305, 

figs. 1, 2 [not P. heterochirus Wiegmann, 1836] 

Ning-Erh, Yunnan, China 

= Macrobrachium yui 

Palaemon brevidigitus—See P. (Parapalaemon) horsti 

brevidigitus 

Palaemon brevimanus—See P. (Parapalaemon) modestus 

brevimanus 

Palaemon brevirostris—See P. asperulus var. brevirostris 

Macrobrachium bullatum Fincham, 1987:351, fig. 1 

Northern Territory, Australia 

Palaemon cacharensis—See P. hendersoni cacharensis 

Macrobrachium caledonicum (J. Roux, 1926) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) caledonicus J. Roux, 

1926:224, figs. 52-54 

New Caledonia 

11. Macrobrachium callirrhoe (De Man, 1898) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) callirrhoe De Man, 

1898:152, pi. 8 

Kapuas Basin, Central Borneo 

Macrobrachium canarae (Tiwari, 1958) 

Palaemon canarae Tiwari, 1958:298 

Sitanadi River near Ghata, South Kanara, Madras State, 

India 

Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) 

Cancer Carcinus Linnaeus, 1758:631 

"Americae fluviis" 

Cancer (Astacus) Jamaicensis 

Palaemon brachydactylus 

Palemon punctatus 

Palemon brevicarpus 

Palaemon aztecus 

IPalaemon Montezumae 

Palaemon laminatus 

Palemon ornatus Torralbas 

Macrobrachium cavernicola (Kemp, 1924) 

Palaemon cavernicola Kemp, 1924:42, pi. 3: figs. 1-4 

Siju Cave, Garo Hills, Assam, India 

Macrobrachium chevalieri (J. Roux, 1935) 

Palaemon chevalieri (Macrobrachium) J. Roux, 

1935a: 193, figs. 1,2 

Paul, Ilha de Sao Antao, Cape Verde Islands 

Macrobrachium choprai (Tiwari, 1949) 

Palaemon choprai Tiwari, 1949a:333, figs. 1, 2

NUMBER 543 11 

Varanasi fish market, caught near Dufferin Bridge close 

to Varanasi, Utter Pradesh, northeastern India 

Palaemon choprai choprai 

Macrobrachium malcolmsonii choprai 

12. Macrobrachium clymene (De Man, 1902) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) clymene De Man, 

1902:794, pi. 25: fig. 50 

Batang Baram, Sarawak, Borneo 

Macrobrachium cocoense Abele and Kim, 1984:951, 

figs. 1,2 

Stream on east side of Wafer Bay, Isla del Coco, Costa 

Rica 

Macrobrachium coconaensis Guzman, Cabrera, and Kensler, 

1977:208—Nomen nudum 

= Macrobrachium acherontium 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) cognatus—Species inquirenda 

Palaemon congoensis—See P. (Eupalaemon) dux var. 

congoensis 

Palaemon consobrinus De Saussure, 1857:504 

Veracruz, Mexico 

= Macrobrachium olfersii 

Macrobrachium cortezi Rodriguez, 1982:383, fig. 3 

Tobogan, near Puerto Ayacucho, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela 

13. Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 1950a: 13, 257 

Manila water supply, Luzon, Philippines 

Macrobrachium crassum—See Macrobrachium australiense 

crassum 

Macrobrachium crebrum Abele and Kim, 1989:6, fig. 2 

Miraflores Third Locks Lake, Panama Canal 

Macrobrachium crenulatum Holthuis, 1950b:95 

Rio Peje Bobo, Panama 

Macrobrachium cristatum—See Macrobrachium australiense 

cristatum 

Macrobrachium crybelum Chace, 1975:30, figs. 1-4 

Cave at Ciudad del Caribe (18°58TS[, 70°23'W), Santo 

Domingo, D.N., Dominican Republic 

= Macrobrachium faustinum lucifugum 

Palaemon cubanus (Gu6rin-Meneville ms.) Sharp, 

1893:123 

Cuba 

= Macrobrachium faustinum faustinum 

Palaemon d'Acqueti Sunier, 1925:cxvii 

Ambon [?] 

= Macrobrachium rosenbergu 

Macrobrachium danae (Heller, 1865) 

Palaemon Danae Heller, 1865:120, pi. 11: fig. 3 

Sydney, Australia 

Palaemon dasydactylus Streets, 1871:225, pi. 2: fig. 3 

Rio Coatzacoalcos, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico 

= Macrobrachium acanthurus 

Macrobrachium dayanum (Henderson, 1893) 

Palaemon Dayanus Henderson, 1893:443, pi. 40: figs. 

7-13 

India 

Palaemon delagoae Stebbing, 1915:74, pi. 16 

Delagoa Bay, Mozambique 


Palaemon De Manx—See P. sundaicus var. De Mani 

Plalaemon] Desausuri Heller, 1862b:420, pi. 2: fig. 47 

Colombia 

= Macrobrachium olfersii 

Palaemon Dieperinkii (De Haan ms.) De Man, 1879:167 

Surinam 

= Macrobrachium amazonicum 

Macrobrachium dierythrum Pereira, 1986:204, figs. 7-9, 

12c 

Aguaro River, Paso Garzerito, Edo, Guarico, Venezuela; 

8°10'N,66°W 

Macrobrachium digitum Abele and Kim, 1989:8, figs. 

3,4 

Miraflores Locks, Panama Canal 

Macrobrachium digueti (Bouvier, 1895) 

Palaemon Digueti Bouvier, 1895:159, figs. 1,2 

Mulege River, Baja California, Mexico 

Leander dionyx Nobili, 19O5a:482, PI. 12: fig. 2 

Bogadjim [= Stephansort], Papua New Guinea 

= Macrobrachium lor 

Palaemon dispar Von Martens, 1868:41 

Pulau Adonara, east of Flores, Indonesia 


Palaemon (s.s.) dolichodactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:840 pi. 

4: fig. 18 

Tete, Mozambique 

= Macrobrachium scabriculum 

Plalaemon] dubius Henderson and Matthai, 1910:300, pi. 

18: fig. 9 

Chingleput District, southeastern India 

= Macrobrachium scabriculum 

Palaemon dulcis Thallwitz, 1891:99 

Northern Celebes 

= Macrobrachium esculentum 

Macrobrachium dux (Lenz, 1910) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux Lenz, 1910:129, pi. 3: figs. 

2-5 

Ituri River at Avakubi, Zaire 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Lenzii 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. congoensis 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. tenuicarpus 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. congoensis De Man, 

1912a:416 

Kole River, tributary of the Aruwimi, Uppere Zaire 

= Macrobrachium dux 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. tenuicarpus De Man, 

1925:47, fig. 12k (part) 

"Kikada," Zaire 


Macrobrachium edentatum Liang and Yan, 1986:109,

12 

figs. 1-4 

Sichuan, China 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) elegans De Man, 1892:440, pi. 

26: fig. 36 [not P. elegans Rathke, 1837] 

Bogor and "Sinagar," Java, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium sintangense 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) endehensis De Man, 1892:465, 

pi. 27: fig. 42 

Flores, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium latidactylus 

Palaemon ensiculus Smith, 1869a:26,40, pi. 1: fig. 2 

Para, Brazil 

= Macrobrachium amazonicum 

*14. Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852) 

Palaemon equidens Dana, 1852a:26 

Singapore 

Palaemon sundaicus var. bataviana 

Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var brachydactyla 

Pfalaemon] sundaicuis var. De Mani 

Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) acanthosoma 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. baramensis 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) nasutus 

Palaemon sulcatus 

Palaemon delagoae 

Urocaridella borradailei 

Macrobrachium eriocheirum Dai, 1984:247, 251, figs. 

13-17 

Jungsan, Xishuangbanna Dai Aut. Pref., Yunnan Province, 

China 

15. Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) 

Palaemon esculentus Thallwitz, 1891:98 

Northern Celebes, Indonesia 

Palaemon dulcis 

Macrobrachium eupharum—See Macrobrachium 

australiense eupharum 

Palaemon euryrhynchus Ortmann, 1891:738, pi. 47; Fig. 

12 

Fiji Islands 

= Macrobrachium latimanus 

Macrobrachium faustinum faustinum (De Saussure, 

1857) 

Palaemon Faustinus De Saussure, 1857:505 

Near Jacmel, Haiti 

Palaemon cubanus 

Palemon spinimanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 [not 

Latreille, 1818] 

Macrobrachium faustinum lucifugum Holthuis, 

1974b:233, figs. 2, 3 

Cueva del Agua de Yara, "barrio" Yara, east of Baracoa, 

Oriente Province, Cuba 

Macrobrachium cryhelum 

Macrobrachium felicinum Holthuis, 1949a: 183 

Catumbela near Benguela, Angola 


Macrobrachium ferreirai Kensley and Walker, 1982:4, 

figs. 5, 6, 12b 

Igarappe near Castanhai, Aripuana, Mato Grosso, Brazil 

Macrobrachium fluviale (Streets, 1871) 

Palaemon fluvialis Streets, 1871:227, pi. 2: fig. 5 

Tributary to Coatzacoalcos River, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, 

Mexico (Atlantic drainage) 

Macrobrachium foai (Coutiere, 1902) 

P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) Foai Coutiere, 1902:517 

Upper Congo 

Palaemon forceps H. Milne Edwards, 1837:397 

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 


Macrobrachium formosense Bate, 1868a:364, pi. 31: 

fig. 1 

Tansui River, northern Taiwan 

Palemon longipes 

Macrobrachium fukienense Liang and Yan, 1980:30 

Fujian Province, China 

Macrobrachium gallus Holthuis, 1952b:67, fig. 1 

Rio Peripa, Ecuador 

Macrobrachium gangeticum Bate, 1868a:365—Species 

inquirenda 

"Patna, a distance of 250 miles from Calcutta" 

Macrobrachium georgii—See Macrobrachium idella 

georgii 

Macrobrachium geron Holthuis, 1950a:258, fig. 52 

Bangka, east of southern Sumatra, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium malayanum 

Macrobrachium glypticum Riek, 1951:363, fig. 4 

Coen, northern Queensland, Australia 

P[alemon] gracilimanus Randall, 1840:143 

Hawaii 

= Macrobrachium grandimanus 

*16. Macrobrachium gracilirostre (Miers, 1875) 

Palaemon gracilirotris Miers, 1875:343 

Upolu, Samoa Islands 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus brevimanus 

Macrobrachium sophronicum 

Macrobrachium grandimanus (Randall, 1840) 

Pfalemon] grandimanus Randall, 1840:142 

Hawaii 

P[alemon] gracilimanus 

Palaemon acutirostris 

17. Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989:32, figs. 1,2 

Stream issuing from Gomantong Hill, about 5°N, 118°E, 

Sabah, Borneo 

Macrobrachium guangxiense Liang and Yan, 1981 ? 

Guangxi Province, China ? 

18. Macrobrachium hainanense (Parisi, 1919) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) hainanense Parisi, 1919:87, 

pi. 3: fig. 1, pi. 6: figs. 1,7 

Keng-kong River, Hainan


Palaemon similis 

Macrobrachium hancocki Holthuis, 1950b:96 

Esparta, Rio Barranca, Costa Rica 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) handschini J. Roux, 

1933:345 

Katherine River, Northern Territory, Australia 

Species inquirenda 

Macrobrachium hendersodayanum (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon henderso-dayanus Tiwari, 1952;29 

Western Ghats (Satara District to Mysore State), 

India 

Macrobrachium hendersoni hendersoni (De Man, 1906) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon?) Hendersoni De Man, 

1906:405 Darjeeling, western Bengal, India 

Palaemon yunnanensis 

Macrobrachium hendersoni cacharense (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon hendersoni cacharensis Tiwari, 1952:32 

Assam, India 

Macrobrachium hendersoni platyrostre (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon hendersoni platyrostris Tiwari, 1952:32 

Darjeeling, western Bengal, India 

Palaemon Herklotsii—See P. (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, 

var. Herklotsii 

Macrobrachium heterochirus (Wiegmann, 1836) 

Palaemon heterochirus Wiegmann, 1836:149 

East Coast of Mexico 

Palaemon Appuni 

Palaemon heterochirus Yu, 1936—See P. brevicarpus 

var. heterochirus 

Macrobrachium hildebrandti (Hilgendorf, 1893) 

Bithynis? hildebrandti Hilgendorf, 1893a:244 

Central Madagascar 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Hilgendorfi Coutiere, 

1899:382 

Eastern Madagascar 

= Macrobrachium lepidactylus 

Macrobrachium hirsutimanus (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon hirsutimanus Tiwari, 1952:31 

Doi Chaung, Thailand 

Macrobrachhium hirtimanus (Olivier, 1811) 

Palaemon hirtimanus Olivier, 1811:663 

Indian Ocean 

Macrobrachium hobbsi Nates and Villalobos, 1990:7, 

fig. 3 

Rio El Naranjo, about 8 km NE of Pijijiapan (Carretera 

Tonala-Pijijiapan), Chiapas, Mexico 

Macrobrachium holthuisi Genofre and Lobao, 1978:273, 

fig. 1 

Guaeca River, Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo, Brazil 

19. Macrobrachium horstii (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Horstii De Man, 1892:460, 

pi. 27: fig. 39 

Palopo, central Celebes 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) horsti brevidigitus 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) horsti brevidigitus J. Roux, 

1930:358 

Bali, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium horstii 

*20. Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862) 

P[alaemon] Idae Heller, 1862b:416, pi. 2: fig. 40, 41 

Borneo, Indonesia 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ritsemae 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Idae, var. subinermis 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Mariae 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) robustus 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) idae, var. idella—See Macrobrachium 

idella 

Palaemon idae var. mammillodactylus—See Macrobrachium 

mammillodactylus 

Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) Idae, var. subinermis Nobili, 

1899:237 

San Guiseppe River near Innawi, Meheo District, Papua 

New Guinea 

= Macrobrachium idae 

Macrobrachium idella idella (Hilgendorf, 1898) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) idae, var. idella Hilgendorf, 

1898:29, fig. A 

Tanzania 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) multidens 

Macrobrachium idella georgii Jayachandran and Joseph, 

1985a: 130, fig. 1 

Southwestern India 

Macrobrachium iheringi (Ortmann, 1897) 

Palaemon iheringi Ortmann, 1897:211, pi. 1: fig. 7, 8 

Sao Paulo State, Brazil 

Macrobrachium inca Holthuis, 1950b:93 

Rio Moche near Salaverry, Peru 

Macrobrachium indicum Jayachandran and Joseph, 

1986:217, figs. 1-4 

Vellayani Lake, southern India; 8°24W-8°6'3(rN, 

76°59'08"-76 o 59'47"E 

Palaemon inermis—See P. Idae, var. inermis 

Macrobrachium injlatum Liang and Yan, 1985:254, 258 

China 

Macrobrachium inpa Kensley and Walker, 1982:6, figs. 

7-9, 12c 

Igarape da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil 

Macrobrachium insulare (Parisi, 1919) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) insular is Parisi, 1919:85, pi. 

3: figs. 2, 3, pi. 6: fig. 12 

Taiwan 

Macrobrachium intermedium (Stimpson, 1860) 

Leander intermedius Stimpson, 1860:41 

Port Jackson, Australia (marine); 2 fathoms 

Macrobrachium ischnomorphum—See M. atactum 

ischnomorphum 

21. Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950a:227, fig. 47 

Pulau Simeulue, off northwestern Sumatra, Indonesia 

Cancer (Astacus) Jamaicensis Herbst, 1792:57, pi. 27: 

fig. 2

14 

"Jamaica in Flussen" 


Palaemon jamaicensis var. africanus Bouvier, 1895:160 

Assini, Ivory Coast 

= Macrobrachium vollenhovenii 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, var. angolensis 

De Man, 1904:314, pi. 19: figs. 39-45, pi. 20: figs. 

46, 48-53 

Catumbela, Angola 

= Macrobrachium vollenhoveni 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, var. Herklotsii 

DeMan, 1912b:239 

"Mayumba" [Mayumbe, near Isiro ?], Zaire 

= Macrobrachium vollenhovenii 

Macrobrachium japonicum (De Haan, 1849) 

Palaemon japonicum De Haan, 1849:172 

Japan 

Palaemon boninensis 

*22. Macrobrachium jaroense (Cowles, 1914) 

Palaemon jaroensis Cowles, 1914:385, pi. 3: fig. 8 

Hibucawan River near Jaro, Leyte, Philippines 

23. Macrobrachium javanicum (Heller, 1862) 

Pfalaemon] javanicus Heller, 1862b:421, pi. 2: fig. 48 

Java 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) neglectus 

Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers, 1877) 

Palaemon jelskii Miers, 1877:661, pi. 67: fig. 1 

Oyapock, French Guiana 

Macrobrachium jiangxiense Liang and Yan, 1985:256, 

258 

China 

Macrobrachium johnsoni Ravindranath, 1979:184, figs. 

1,2 

Fish market, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh State, India 

Macrobrachium johnsoni Chong and Khoo, 1987a:360, 

figs. 1-3 [not Ravindranath, 1979] 

Gunong Palai, peninsular Malaysia 

= Macrobrachium ahkowi 

24. Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950a:233, fig. 48 

Pulau Nias, west of Sumatra, Indonesia 

Macrobrachium kempi (Tiwari, 1949) 

Palaemon kempi Tiwari, 1949b:330 

Small stream between Chittagong and Sultan Bagu 

Bastan, Bangladesh 

Macrobrachium kistnense (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon kistnensis Tiwari, 1952:28 

India and Sri Lanka 

Macrobrachium kiukianense (Yu, 1931) 

Palaemon kiukianensis Yu, 1931:279, fig. 1 

Kiukiang, Kiangsi Province, China 

Macrobrachium kotreeanum—See Macrobrachium malcolmsonii 

kotreeanum 

Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei (H. Milne Edwards, 

1837) 


Pfalemon] lamarrei H. Milne Edwards, 1837:397 

"cotes du Bengale" 

Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarroides (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon lamarrei lamarroides Tiwari, 1952:28 

Logtak Lake, Manipur, Assam, India 

Palaemon lamarroides—See Macrobrachium lamarrei 

lamarroides 

P[alaemon] laminatus (Gollmer manuscript) Von Martens, 

1869:24 

Caracas, Venezuela 


Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lampropus De Man, 

1892:493, pi. 29: fig. 49 

Celebes and Timor, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium latidactylus 

*25. Macrobrachium lanceifrons (Dana, 1852) 

Palaemon lanceifrons Dana, 1852a:26 

Manila, Luzon, Philippines 

Palaemon lanceifrons var. montalhanensis 

Palaemon lanceifrons var. montalbanensis Cowles, 

1914:371, pi. 2, fig. 6 

Montalban, near Manila, Luzon, Philippines 

= Macrobrachium lanceifrons 

Macrobrachium lanchesteri (De Man, 1911) 

Palaemon paucidens Lanchester, 1901 [not De Haan, 

1841,orHilgendorf, 1898] 

Pal[aemon] (Eupalaemon) Lanchesteri De Man, 

1911a:264 

Songkhla, Peninsular Thailand 

Palaemon Lar Weber, 1795:94—Nomen nudum 

= Macrobrachium lar 

*26. Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798) 

Palaemon Lar Fabricius, 1798:402 

"in India Dom. Daldorff' 

Palaemon longimanus 

Palaemon ornatus 

Palaemon tridens 

Palaemon vagus 

Palaemon spectabilis 

Palaemon ruber 

Palaemon mayottensis 

Palaemon reunionnensis 

Palaemon madagascariensis 

Leander dionyx 

Cancer teatae 

*27. Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891) 

Palaemon latidactylus Thallwitz, 1891:97 

Northern Celebes, Indonesia 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) endehensis 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lampropus 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) latidactylus minor (J. Roux 

manuscript) Woltereck, 1941:153—Nomen nudum 

*28. Macrobrachium latimanus (Von Martens, 1868) 

Palfaemon] latimanus Von Martens, 1868:44


Loquilocon, Samar, Philippines 

Palaemon euryrhynchus 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) singalangensis 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Lenzii De Man, 191 lb:225 

Congo River, probably near Boma 


*29. Macrobrachium lepidactyhides (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lepidactyloides De Man, 

1892:497, pi. 29: fig. 51 

River above waterfall at "Mbawa," Flores ("Rakambaha, 

W. Flores," according to Holthuis, 

1950a:251), Indonesia 

?= Macrobrachium placidum 

Macrobrachium lepidactylus (Hilgendorf, 1879) 

Palaemon (s.s.) lepidactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:838, pi. 

4: figs. 14-16 

Mozambique 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Hilgendorfi 

Leander lepidus De Man, 1915:410, pi. 28: fig. 6 

Mouths of small streams at "Oinake," east of Teluk Jos 

Sudrso, West New Guinea, Indonesia 


Palaemon leptodactylus—See P. pilimanus var. leptodactylus 

Macrobrachium longidigitum Bate, 1868:365, pi. 31: 

fig. 2 

Type locality unknown 


Macrobrachium longidigitum Dai, 1984:248, 251, figs. 

18-22 [not M. longidigitum Bate, 1868a] 

Ganlanba, Lancang River, Yunnan Province, China 

Palaemon longimanus Weber, 1795:94—Nomen nudum 

= P. longimanuss Fabricius 

Palaemon longimanus Fabricius, 1798:402 

"in India orientali Dom. Daldorff' 


Palemon longipes De Haan, 1849:171 [not Palemon 

longipes Olivier, 1811] 

Japan 

= Macrobrachium formosense 

Palaemon longipes Lockington, 1878:161 [not P. longipes 

Olivier, 1811] 

Mulege River, Baja California, Mexico 

= Macrobrachium tenellum 

30. Macrobrachium lorentzi (J. Roux, 1921) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) lorentzi J. Roux, 1921:596, 

pi. 16: figs. 1-3 

Sungai Lorentz Basin, southwestern New Guinea (Irian 

Jaya), Indonesia 

Macrobrachium lucifugum—See Macrobrachium faustinum 

lucifugum 

Macrobrachium lujae (De Man, 1912) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Lujae De Man, 1912a:415 

Sankuru River at Kondue near Lusambo, Kasai District, 

Zaire 

Macrobrachium macrobrachion (Herklots, 1851) 

Palemon macrobrachion Herklots, 1851:25 

Butri, near Dixcove, Ghana 

Palaemon africanus Kingsley, 1882 

Macrobrachium maculatum Liang and Yan, 1980:31 

(fig'd.) 

Fujian Province, China 

Palaemon madagascariensis Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7: 

fig. 58 

'Tile de Nossy-Faly" = "Nosi Fali, NW. Madagascar," 

ace. to Holthuis (1950a: 188) 


31. Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pilimanus malayanus J. 

Roux, 1935b:32 

"Lasah, Plus Valley, East Perak," peninsular Malaysia 

Macrobrachium geron 

Macrobrachium malcolmsonii malcolmsonii (H. Milne 

Edwards, 1844) 

Palemon Malcolmsonii H. Milne Edwards, 1844:8 

Nagpur, central India 

Palaemon spinipes Var. birmanicus 

Macrobrachium malcolmsonii chopra Johnson, 1973:274, 

279—See Macrobrachium choprai 

Macrobrachium malcolmsonii kotreeanum Johnson, 

1973:274,279 

Kotree, Indus River, Pakistan 

Palaemon Malliardi Richters, 1880:166, pi. 18: figs. 1-3 

Mauritius 


32. Macrobrachium mammillodactylus (Thallwitz, 1892) 

Palaemon idae var. mammillodactylus Thallwitz, 

1892:15 

Luzon, Philippines, and northern Celebes, Indonesia 

(ace. to Holthuis, 1950a: 150) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Wolterstorffi 

Palaemon Philippinensis 

IPalaemon talaverae 

Macrobrachium manipurense (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon manipurensis Tiwari, 1952:30 

Manippur Assam States, India 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Mariae Coutiere, 1900:1266 

Madagascar 


Palaemon mayottensis Hoffmann, 1874:32, pi. 9: figs. 

61,62 

He de Mayotte, Comoro Islands, and 'Tile Nossy-Faly," 

Madagascar 


Macrobrachium meridionatis Liang and Yan, 1983:213, 

214 

Hainan Island, China

16 

Palaemon mexicanus De Saussure, 1857:504 

Cuba and Mexico 


Macrobrachium michoacanus Guzman, Cabrera, and 

Kensler, 1977 

Nomen nudum 

Macrobrachium michoacanus Nates and Villalobos, 

1990:2, fig. 2 

Rio Mexcalhuacan, about 40 km NE of Playa Azul 

(Carretera Azul-Caleta de Campos), Michoacan, Mexico 

Macrobrachium microps Holthuis, 1978:210, figs. 1, 2 

Danmin Cave, near Konogusgus, New Ireland 

Macrobrachium mieni Dang, 1975:68 

Vietnam 

33. Macrobrachium minutum (J. Roux, 1917) 

Palaemon minutus J. Roux, 1917:599, pi. 27: figs. 1-3 

Sentani Lake, northeastern Irian Jaya (West New 

Guinea), Indonesia 

34. Macrobrachium mirabile (Kemp, 1917) 

Palaemon mirabilis Kemp, 1917:227, pi. 10 

Rangoon, Burma 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus De Man, 1892:469, 

pi. 27: fig. 43 [not P. modestus Heller, 1862] 

River at "Wukur," not far from Sika, southeastern 

Flores, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium gracilirostre 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus brevimanus J. Roux, 

1934a:228, figs. 9, 10 

Bimun, New Ireland 


Palaemon montalbanensis—See P. lanceifrons var. 

montalbanensis 

Palaemon Montezumae De Saussure, 1857:504 

Veracruz, Mexico 

?= Macrobrachium carcinus 

Macrobrachium moorei (Caiman, 1899) 

Palaemon moorei Caiman, 1899:709, pi. 40: figs. 

20-24 

Lake Tanganyika, 15 meters 

Palaemon (s.s.) Mossambicus Hilgendorf, 1879:839, pi. 4: 

fig. 17 

= Macrobrachium rude 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) multidens Coutiere, 1900:1266 

Branch of Onilahy River, western Madagascar 

as Macrobrachium idella 

Macrobrachium naso (Kemp, 1918) 

Palaemon naso Kemp, 1918:91, pi. 25: figs. 1-5 

Inle Lake region, Burma 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) nasutus Nobili, 1903a:9, 1 fig. 

Singapore 


Macrobrachium nattereri (Heller, 1862) 

Pfalaemon] Nattereri Heller, 1862b:414, pi. 2: figs. 


36,37 

Rio Negro, Brazil 

35. Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984a: 164, figs. 

2,3 

Jawej River near Tigi Lake, Irian Jaya, Indonesia 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) neglectus De Man, 1905:201, pi. 

15: fig. 6 

Mergui Archipelago and northeastern Sumatra 

= Macrobrachium javanicum 

Macrobrachium nepalense Kamita, 1974:10 

Nepal 

Macrobrachium niloticum (P. Roux, 1833) 

Palaemon Niloticus P. Roux, 1833:73, pi. 7: fig. 2 

Nile River 

Macrobrachium niphanae Shokita and Takeda, 

1989:148, figs. 1,2, pi. 1 

Nang Rong waterfall stream, Thailand 

Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849) 

Palaemon nipponensis De Haan, 1849:171 

Japan 

Palaemon asper Stimpson, 1860 [not Latreille, 1818] 

Palaemon sinensis 

Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson and Matthai, 1910) 

Palaemon nobilii Henderson and Matthai, 1910:295, pi. 

17: fig. 6 

Walajabad, Chingleput district, India 

Macrobrachium novaehollandiae (De Man, 1908) 

Pal[aemon] (Eupalaemon) novae-hollandiae De Man, 

1908:370, pi. 16 

Sydney, Australia 

Macrobrachium obtusifrons Dai, 1984:246, 251, figs. 

6-12 

Guanting Reservoir, Miyun County, Beijing, China 

Macrobrachium occidental Holthuis, 1950a:95 

Rio de los Esclavos, Guatemala 

36. Macrobrachium oenone (De man, 1902) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone De Man, 

1902:784, pi. 25: fig. 49 

Northern Halmahera, Indonesia 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone papuana 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone papuana J. Roux, 

1927:324, fig. 2 

Mamberamo River, northern Irian Jaya, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium oenone 

Macrobrachium ohione (Smith, 1874) 

Palaemon Ohionis Smith, 1874:640 

Ohio River at Cannelton, Ohio 

Palaemon sallei 

Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836) 

Palaemon Olfersii Wiegmann, 1836:150 

"Brazilian Coast" 

Palemon spinimanus 

Palaemon consobrinus 

Palaemon Desausuri


Palaemon Potiporanga 

Palaemon ornatus Olivier, 1811:660 

East Indies 


Palemon ornatus (Forns manuscript) Torralbas, 1917:616, 

figs. 56, 57 [not Olivier, 1811] 

Cuba 


37. Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950a: 136, 

fig. 31 

Lake Tawar, northern Simaloer, off west coast of 

Sumatra, Indonesia, at 2°50TSf, 95°5O'E 

Macrobrachium palawanensis Johnson, 1962a:307, 

fig. 1 

Palawan, Philippines 

?= Macrobrachium idae 

Macrobrachium panamense Rathbun, 1912 

Macrobrachium acanthurus panamense Rathbun, 

1912:13 

Rio Calobre [not "Rio Calabre"], Panama 

Palaemon papuana—See P.(Macrobrachium) oenone 

papuana 

Palaemon parvus Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7: fig. 59 

"Nosy Faly," Madagascar 

?= Macrobrachium australe 

Macrobrachium patsa (Coutiere, 1899) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Patsa Coutiere, 1899:382 

Madagascar 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon?) paucidens Hilgendorf, 

1893b: 155 [not P. paucidens De Haan, 1841] 

Adeli, near Bismarckbourg, Togo 

= Macrobrachium raridens 

Palaemon paucidens Lanchester, 1901:568, pi. 33: fig. 4 

[not P. paucidens De Haan, 1841] 

Songkhla, peninsular Thailand 

= Macrobrachium lanchesteri 

Macrobrachium pectinatum Pereira, 1986:200, figs. 2, 3, 

6B 

Atabapo River, Sta. Cruz, Territorio Federal Amazonas, 

Venezuela; 3°20'N, 67°29'W 

Macrobrachium peguense (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon peguensis Tiwari, 1952:27 

Burma 

Palaemon peninsularis—See Macrobrachium assamense 

peninsulare 

Macrobrachium petersii (Hilgendorf, 1879) 

Palaemon (s.s.) Petersii Hilgendorf, 1879:841, pi. 4: fig. 

19 

Tete, Mozambique 

Macrobrachium petiti (J. Roux, 1934) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Petiti J. Roux, 1934b:537, 

figs. 1-3 

Vatomandry, eastern Madagascar 

Macrobrachium petronioi Melo, Lobao, and Femandes, 

1986:51 

Rio Branco, Brazil 

Palaemon philippinensis Cowles, 1914:340, pi. 2: fig. 2 

San Juan and Pasig rivers, near Manila, Philippines 

= Macrobrachium mammillodactylus 

38. Macrobrachium pilimanus (De Man, 1879) 

Palaemon pilimanus De Man, 1879:181 

Muaralabuh, near Padang, western Sumatra, Indonesia 

Palaemon pilimanus, var. leptodactylus 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pygmaeus 

Palaemon pilimanus, var. leptodactylus De Man, 

1892:476, pi. 28: fig. 44i-l 

Bogor, Java, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium pilimanus 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pilimanus malayanus—See 

Macrobrachium malayanum 

Macrobrachium pinguis Dai, 1984:245, 250, figs. 1-5 

Longhai County, Fujian Province, China 

*39. Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) placidulus De Man, 

1892:489, pi. 28: fig. 48 

Indonesia 

?= Palaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818 

40. Macrobrachium placuium (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) placidus De Man, 

1892:483, pi. 28: fig. 46 

Kajutanam, north of Padang, western Sumatra, Indonesia 

?= Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lepidactyloides 

Palaemon platyrostris—See Macrobrachium hendersoni 

platyrostre 

41.. Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984b: 143, fig. 1 

Luwang Jurangjero, south central Java, Indonesia (8°S, 

111°E), about 100 m below entrance 

Palaemon Potiete Muller, 1892:184, 188, 190 

Type locality not indicated 

= Macrobrachium acanthurus, according to Holthuis 

(1952b:46) 

Palaemon Potiporanga Muller, 1880:152 

Brazil? 

= Macrobrachium olfersu, according to Holthuis 

(1952b:96) 

Macrobrachium potiuna (Muller, 1880) 

Palaemon Potiuna Muller, 1880:152 

Itajahy River near Blumenau, Santa Catarina state, 

Brazil 

Macrobrachium praecox (J. Roux, 1928) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) praecox J. Roux, 1928a:43 

Venezuela and Colombia 

Macrobrachium pumilum Pereira, 1986:208, figs. 11, 

12b 

Aguaro River, Cachimbo Pass, Edo. Guarico, Venezuela; 

8° 1 OX 66°35'W 

Pfalemon] punctatus Randall, 1840:146

18 

"East Indies?" and/or West Indies 


Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pygmaeus J. Roux, 

1928b:222, figs. 1-4 

"Kastobo" Lake, Pulau Bawean, Java Sea, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium pilimanus 

Macrobrachium quelchi (De Man, 1900) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Quelchi De Man, 1900:57, 

pi. 6: figs. 1-8 

Upper Mazaruni River, Guyana 

Macrobrachium ranjhai—See Macrobrachium altifrons 

ranjhai 

Macrobrachium raridens (Hilgendorf, 1893) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) raridens Hilgendorf, 

1893c: 181 

Adeli, near Bismarckbourg, Togo 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon?) paucidens Hilgendorf, 1893 

Macrobrachium rathbunae Holthuis, 1950b:94 

Hog Creek Valley, San Jose Island, Archipielago de las 

Perlas, Gulf of Panama 

Palaemon reunionnensis Hoffmann, 1874:33, pi. 9: figs. 

66,67 

La Reunion 


Macrobrachium reyesi Pereira, 1986:198, figs. 1, 6C 

Quebrada Corral de Piedra, El Limon, Maracay, Edo. 

Aragua, Venezuela; 10°15'N,67 o 35'W 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ritsemae De Man, 1897:774 

Atjeh, northwestern Sumatra, Indonesia 


Palaemon riukiuensis Kubo, 1940a:21, figs. 12, 13 

RyuKyu Islands—Species inquirenda 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) robustus De Man, 1902:771, pi. 

24: fig. 48 

Halmahera, Indonesia 


Macrobrachium rodriguezi Pereira, 1986:206, figs. 10, 

12a 

Cans River, El Tigre, Edo. Anzoategui, Venezuela; 

8 O 45*N, 64°50'W 

Macrobrachium rogersi (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon rogersi Tiwari, 1952:31 

Burma 

Palaemon rosalesi Rodriguez de la Cruz RM 1965:100, 

pi. 7 

Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico—Species inquirenda 

(probably juvenile Macrobrachium) 

*42. Macrobrachium rosenbergii rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) 

Palaemon Rosenbergii De Man, 1879:167 

Andai, northwestern Irian Jaya, Indonesia 

Pfalaemon] whitei 

Palaemon spinipes Schenkel, 1902 

Palaemon d'Acqueti 


Macrobrachium rosenbergii schenkeli Johnson, 

1973:274, 277 

Tavoy, Burma 

Palaemon ruber Hess, 1865:165, pi. 7: fig. 20 

Fiji Islands 


Macrobrachium rude (Heller, 1862) 

Palaemon rudis Heller, 1862a:527 

Sri Lanka 

Palaemon (s.s.) Mossambicus 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Alcocki 

P[alaemon] sallei (Gue'rin-Me'neville ms) Kingsley, 

1882:108 

Mississippi 

= Macrobrachium ohione 

Macrobrachium sankollii Jalihal and Shenoy, 1988:11 

(illus.) 

Karnataka, India 

43. Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862) 

Palaemon scabriculus Heller, 1862b:527 

Sri Lanka 

Palaemon (s.s.) dolichodactylus 

Palaemon dubius 

Macrobrachium schenkeli—See Macrobrachium rosenbergii 

schenkeli 

Macrobrachium scorteccii Maccagno, 1961:336 

"Cal Galloan," Somalia 

Palaemon sexdentatus Streets, 1871:226, pi. 2: fig. 5 

Tidewater of Rio Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz state, Mexico 


Macrobrachium shokitai Fujino and Baba, 1973:101, 

figs. 1-4 

River head, Urauchi River, Iriomote Island, Ryukyu 

Islands 

Palaemon similis Yu, 1931:281, fig. 2 

Amoy, China 

= Macrobrachium hainanense 

Palaemon sinensis Heller, 1862a:528 

Shanghai, China 

= Macrobrachium nipponense 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) singalangensis Nobili, 

1900a:487 

"Aier Mantcior, presso il Monte Singalang," Sumatra, 

Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium latimanus 

44. Macrobrachium sintangense (De Man, 1898) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sintangensis De Man, 

1898:138, pi. 6 

Sintang, Kapuas River, Borneo 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) elegans De Man, 1892 

Macrobrachium siwalikense (Tiwari, 1952) 

Palaemon siwalikensis Tiwari, 1952:28 

Base of Simla Hills, Punjab, India 

Macrobrachium sohrinum—See Macrobrachium atac-


turn sobrinum 

Macrobrachium sollaudii (De Man, 1912) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Sollaudii De Man, 1912a:413 

Near Mobayi-Mbongo, Zaire 

Macrobrachium sophronicum Holthuis, 1950a: 198, fig. 

40 

"Wukur River," Sika, southeastern Flores, Indonesia 


Palaemon spectabilis Heller, 1862a:527 

Tahiti 


Palaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818:5, pi. 319; fig. 1 

Type locality ? 

?= Senior synonym of Macrobrachium placidulum 

Palemon spinimanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837:399 [not 

Palaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818] 

Antilles and coasts of Brazil 

= Macrobrachium faustinum and M. olfersii 

Palaemon spinipes Schenkel, 1902:501, pi. 9: fig. 7 [not 

P. spinipes Desmarest, 1817] 

Kema, Minahasa, northeastern Celebes, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium rosenbergii 

Palaemon spinipes Var. birmanicus Schenkel, 1902:503 

pi. 9: fig. 8 

Burma 

= Macrobrachium malcolmsonii 

Macrobrachium srilankense H.H. Costa, 1979:60, fig. 6, 

pi. 1: fig. D 

Sri Lanka 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) stresemanni J. Roux, 

1918:113, figs. 1, 2—Species inquirenda 

Pulau Tjelukanbawang, Bali, Indonesia 

Palaemon subinermis—See P. (Eupalaemon) Idae, var. 

subinermis 

Palaemon sulcatus Henderson and Matthai, 1910:289, pi. 

16: fig. 4 

Cochin, southern India 


45. Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950a:220, fig. 45 

Bangkalan River, Pulau Salajar, Indonesia 

P[alaemon] sundaicus Heller, 1862b:415, pi. 2: figs. 

38,39 

Java, Indonesia 


Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. baramensis De 

Man, 1902:770 

Baram River, Sarawak, Borneo 


Palaemon sundaicus var. bataviana De Man, 1897:784 

Djakarta, Java, Indonesia 


PfalaemonJ (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var brachydactyla 

Nobili, 1899:238 

Ambon 


PfalaemonJ sundaicus var. De Mani Nobili, 1899:239 

Atjeh 


Macrobrachium superbum (Heller, 1862) 

Palaemon superbus Heller, 1862a:528 

Shanghai, China 

Macrobrachium surinamicum Holthuis, 1948:1112 

Plantation "Geyersvlijt," Paramaribo, Surinam 

Pal[aemon] Swainsonii (Leach ms) White, 1847:78 

Type locality ? 


Palaemon talaverae Blanco, 1939a: 168, pi. 2 

Lake Sampaloc, San Pablo, Laguna Province, Luzon, 

Philippines 

?= Macrobrachium mammUlodactylus 

Cancer teatae Curtiss, 1938:162 

Tahiti 


Macrobrachium tenellum (Smith, 1871) 

Palaemon tenellus Smith, 1871:98 

Polvon, western Nicaragua 

Palaemon longipes Lockington, 1878 

Palaemon tenuicarpus—See P. (Eupalaemon) dux var. 

tenuicarpus 

Macrobrachium therezieni Holthuis, 1965:281, fig. 1 

Maningory River, Fenerive district, Tamatave province, 

eastern Madagascar 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) thienemanni J. Roux, 

1932:570, figs, a, b 

Sungai Musinear Muarakelingi, southern Sumatra, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium trompii 

Macrobrachium thy si Powell, 1980:318, figs. 1-3 

Banco National Park, near Abidjan, Ivory Coast 

Macrobrachium tiwarii Jalihal, Shenoy, and Sankolli, 

1988:27 

Karnataka, India 

Macrobrachium tolmerum Riek, 1951:362, fig. 1 

Black River, Macrossan, Queensland, Australia 

Macrobrachium transandicum Holthuis, 1950b:94 

Rio Telembi, tributary of Rio Patia, near San Lorenzo, 

southwestern Colombia 

Pallaemon] tridens (Leach ms) White, 1847:78 

Mauritius ? 


46. Macrobrachium trompii (De Man, 1898) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Trompii De Man, 1898:144, 

pi. 7 

"Kapuas Basin," central Borneo, Indonesia 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) thienemanni 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus J. Roux, 

1936:30

20 

Gunong Pulai Estate, Johore, Malaysia 

= Xfacrobrachium trompii 

Macrobrachium unikarnatakae Jalihal, Shenoy, and 

Sankolli, 1988:21 

Kamatak, India 

Plalaemon] (Eupalaemon) ustulatus Nobili, 1899:241 

Rigo, southeastern Papua 


Plalaemon] vagus Heller, 1862b:417, pi. 2: figs. 42, 43 

Ambon. Indonesia 


Macrobrachium veliense Jayachandran and Joseph, 

1985b: 185, figs. 1,2 

Veli Lake, near Trivandrum, southwestern India 

Macrobrachium venustum (Parisi, 1919) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) venustus Parisi, 1919:92, 93, 

pi. 4: fig. 1, pi.. 6: figs. 5, 13 

Hainan, South China 

Macrobrachium villalobosi Hobbs, 1973b:77, fig. 3 

Cueva del Nacimiento del Rio San Antonio, 10 km SSW 

Acatlan, Oaxaca, Mexico 

Macrobrachium villosimanus (Tiwari, 1949) 

Palaemon villosimanus Tiwari, 1949b:329 

Pulta Waterworks, Calcutta, India 

Macrobrachium vollenhovenii (Herklots, 1857) 

Palaemon Vollenhovenii Herklots, 1857:96 

Ghana 

Palaemon jamaicensis var. africanus Bouvier, 1895 

Palaemon jamaicensis, var. angolensis 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, var. Herklotsii 

47. Macrobrachium weberi (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Weberi De Man, 1892:421, pi. 

25: fig. 33 


Southwestern Celebes, Indonesia 

Plalaemon] whitei (Gue'rin-Me'neville ms) Sharp, 

1893:122 

Bombay 

= Macrobrachium rosenbergii schenkeli 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Wolterstorffi Nobili, 1900b:l 

Surabaja, eastern Java, Indonesia 

= Macrobrachium mammillodactylus 

Macrobrachium yeti Dang Ngoc Thanh, 1975:67 (illustr.) 

Vietnam 

Macrobrachium yui Holthuis, 1950a:211 

Ning-Erh, Yunnan, southern China 

Palaemon brevicarpus var. heterochirus Yu, 1936 

Palaemon yunnanensis Yu, 1936a:3O8, figs. 3, 4 

Mann-Tchi-Pan, Yunnan, China 

= Macrobrachium hendersoni 

Macrobrachium zariquieyi Holthuis, 1949a: 178, figs. 

1,2 

Bioko, equatorial Guinea 

Of these species, 39 seem to have been recorded from the 

Philippine-Indonesian region, a count that will certainly 

increase as current surveys of the freshwater fauna of that area 

are pursued. Rather than attempt to match the excellence of the 

key to all of the recognized species prepared by Holthuis 

(1950a: 105-111), we have restricted our attention to the 

Philippine and Indonesian species, and even those have been 

embarrassingly equivocal. Because only full-grown males of 

many of the species can be reliably identified from preserved 

material and because several of the names currently available 

were based on females or younger than full-grown males, final 

determinations of many of the taxa must await new collections 

from the type localities and, especially, the study of fresh or 

frozen specimens that may display diagnostic color patterns. 

Key to Full-grown Males of Philippine-Indonesian Species of Macrobrachium 

1. Major 2nd pereopod with soft, dense pubescence on part of palm or on 1 or both 

fingers 2 

Major 2nd pereopod with chela completely naked or bearing only scattered setae not 

concealing surface 21 

2. Major 2nd pereopod with some soft, dense pubescence on palm 3 

Major 2nd pereopod with soft, dense pubescence limited to at most partial presence 

on one or both fingers 13 

3. Major 2nd pereopod usually with soft, dense pubescence extending at least partially 

onto fingers 4 

Major 2nd pereopod without soft, dense pubescence on fingers 10 

4. Major 2nd pereopod with fingers completely covered by pubesence 5 

Major 2nd pereopod with fingers naked distally 9 

5. Major 2nd cheliped with fingers and entire palm nearly or quite concealed by dense 

velvety pubescence 6 

Major 2nd cheliped with only fingers and distal portion of palm clothed in dense 

pubescence 8 

6. Minor 2nd pereopod without dense pubescence; lateral branch of uropod with 

movable spine overreaching fixed lateral tooth 31. Af. malayanum


Minor 2nd pereopod with velvety, pubescence-like major one; lateral branch of 

uropod with movable spine weak, indistinct, shorter than fixed lateral tooth . . 7 

7. No more than 4 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; 2nd pereopods with opposable margins of fingers armed with distinctly 

unequal teeth 17. Af. gua 

Five or more teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; 2nd pereopods with opposable margins of fingers armed with teeth of 

uniform size 38. Af. pilimanus 

8. Rostrum not nearly reaching distal end of antennal scale, armed ventrally with 2 or 

3 teeth; 1st pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus 35. Af. natulorum 

Rostrum reaching as far as or slightly beyond distal end of antennal scale, armed 

ventrally with 4-6 teeth; 1st pereopod with chela less than '/2 as long as carpus 

46. Af. trompii 

9. Major 2nd pereopod without longitudinal grooves on carpus 

43. Af. scabriculum 

Major 2nd pereopod with 2 deep longitudinal grooves on carpus 

45. Af. sulcicarpale 

10. Rostrum armed with 2 teeth on ventral margin 11 

Rostrum with 3-5 teeth on ventral margin 12 

11. Major 2nd pereopod with pubescence on palm restricted to 2 large proximal patches 

13. Af. cowlesi 

Major 2nd pereopod with entire palm covered with woolly hairs 

15. Af. esculentum 

12. Antennal scale with lateral margin straight or slightly convex; 2nd pereopods rather 

similar in shape, unequal in length, palm compressed 21. M.jacobsoni 

Antennal scale with lateral margin slightly concave; 2nd pereopods distinctly 

unequal in length and shape, palm subcylindrical 24. Af. joppae 

13. Rostrum armed with 8-14 teeth on ventral margin; telson with posterior apex 

overreaching posterolateral spines; maximum postorbital carapace length about 

100 mm . . . *42. Af. rosenbergii 

Rostrum armed with 2-7 ventral teeth; telson with posterior apex not overreaching 

posterolateral spines; maximum postorbital carapace length about 30 mm .... 

14 

14. Three posterior pairs of pereopods with spines or scales prevalent on propodus 

15 

Three posterior pairs of pereopods without numerous spines or scales on propodus 

18 

15. Rostrum with dorsal teeth subequally spaced, except posteriormost sometimes 

slightly more remote 16 

Rostrum with dorsal teeth unequally spaced 17 

16. Rostrum dorsally convex; 2nd pereopods similar and subequal, fingers 2 /3 as long 

as palm 18. Af. hainanense 

Rostrum dorsally sinuous; 2nd pereopods similar but unequal, fingers longer than 

palm 30. Af. lorentd 

17. Four to 6 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; major 2nd pereopod with chela compressed *22. Af. jaroense 

One or 2 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; major 2nd pereopod with chela subcylindrical 47. Af. weberi 

18. Second pereopod with chela shorter than carpus *20. Af. idae 

Second pereopod with chela longer than carpus 19 

19. Second pereopod without denticles on opposable margin of movable finger .... 

*14. Af. equidens 

Major 2nd pereopod with double row of denticles on opposable margin of movable 

finger 20


20. Second pereopods similar but unequal; major 2nd pereopod with pubescence on 

movable finger reaching nearly to tip *25. Af. lanceifrons 

Second pereopods subequal; distal x h of movable finger naked 

44. Af. sintangense 

21. Major 2nd pereopod with chela less than 3 /4 as long as carpus 22 

Major 2nd pereopod with chela nearly as long as to much longer than carpus 

23 

22. Rostrum with dorsal teeth subequally spaced, 4 ventral teeth; branchiostegal suture 

not extending posteroventrally past hepatic spine; 2nd pereopod with fingers 

shorter than palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl 

and '/2 of propodus 33. Af. minutum 

Rostrum with dorsal teeth unequally spaced, 6-9 ventral teeth; branchiostegal 

suture extending posteroventrally past hepatic spine; 2nd pereopod with fingers 

longer than palm; 3rd pereopod barely overreaching antennal scale 

37. M. palaemonoides 

23. Second pereopods dissimilar 24 

Second pereopods similar (not necessarily equal) 31 

24. Major 2nd pereopod with chela less than 2'/2 times as long as carpus 25 

Major 2nd pereopod with chela more than 2'/2 times as long as carpus .... 30 

25. Third pereopod with propodus bare except for groups of long setae and sometimes 

slight pubescence or minute spinules 26 

Third pereopod with propodus bearing numerous appressed scales or spines over 

most of surface 28 

26. Major 2nd pereopod with chela subcylindrical, little longer than carpus; minor 2nd 

pereopod with palm partially furred *9. Af. australe 

Major 2nd pereopod with chela somewhat compressed, more than 1 '/2 times as long 

as carpus; minor 2nd pereopod without fur on palm 27 

27. Major 2nd pereopod with carpus shorter than merus, fingers not gaping 

*10. Af. bariense 

Major 2nd pereopod with carpus longer than merus, fingers strongly bowed, gaping 

*27. Af. latidactylus 

28. Minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1-272 times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and '/3-'/2 of propodus 

*29. Af. lepidactyloides 

Minor 2nd pereopod with fingers little if at all longer than palm; 3rd pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by little more than length of dactyl 29 

29. Major 2nd pereopod with fingers seldom more than 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus 

shorter than merus *39. Af. placidulum 

Major 2nd pereopod with fingers about as long as palm or longer, carpus longer than 

merus 40. Af. placidum 

30. Two or 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; major 2nd pereopod with fingers about 2 h as long as palm 

12. Af. clymene 

Six or 7 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin; 

major 2nd pereopod with fingers 1-1 3 A times as long as palm 

36. Af. oenone 

31. Major 2nd pereopod with palm somewhat compressed 32 

Major 2nd pereopod with palm subcylindrical 35 

32. Major 2nd pereopod with chela nearly or quite 3 times as long as carpus ... 33 

Major 2nd pereopod with chela about twice as long as carpus 34 

33. Three or 4 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; 3rd pereopod with propodus bare except for groups of long setae and 

sometimes slight pubescence or minute spinules; maximum carapace length less 

than 10 mm II. A#. callirrhoe


One or 2 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; 3rd pereopod with propodus bearing numerous appressed scales or spines 

over most of surface; maximum carapace length more than 30 mm 

*28. Af. latimanus 

34. Major 2nd pereopod with each finger bearing row of tubercles (in mature males 

only) on either side of distal'/2 of opposable margin 19. Af. horstii 

Major 2nd pereopod without row of tubercles (even in mature males) either side of 

distal '/2 of opposable margin 23. Af. javanicum 

35. Major 2nd pereopod with chela less than twice as long as carpus, palm no longer 

than carpus 36 

Major 2nd pereopod with chela at least 3 times as long as carpus, palm longer than 

carpus 38 

36. Two or 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin 32. M. mammillodactylus 

Four to 6 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital 

margin 37 

37. Rostrum without dorsal crest; major 2nd pereopod with fingers shorter than palm; 

3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and x li of propodus, 

latter bearing numerous appressed scales or spines over most of surface 

*16. Af. gracilirostre 

Rostrum with dorsal crest; major 2nd pereopod with fingers longer than palm; 3rd 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl only; propodus bare 

except for groups of long setae and sometimes light pubescence or minute spinules 

34. Af. mirabile 

38. Rostrum with 2-4 ventral teeth; major 2nd pereopod with fingers shorter than palm; 

maximum carapace length more than 55 mm *26. Af. lar 

Rostrum with 1 ventral tooth; major 2nd pereopod with fingers longer than palm; 

maximum carapace length about 15 mm 41. Af. poeti 

In an attempt to minimize the danger of recording 

misidentifications of material collected by the Albatross 

Expedition, only those lots containing full-grown males with 

second pereopods (amounting to 40 lots and 382 specimens) 

are recorded below. Not included are 8 lots, 52 specimens 

tentatively identified as Af. australe; 1 specimen as Af. 

equidens; 1 lot, 3 specimens as Af. idae; 1 lot, 3 specimens as 

Af. lanceifrons; 9 lots, 24 specimens as Af. latidactylus; and 37 

lots, 632 specimens determined only to the genus Macrobrachiwn. 

Illustrations of the anterior carapace and third pereopod of 

the species presumably represented in the Albatross collections 

are offered in support or contradiction of our identifications. 

*9. Macrobrachium australe (Guerin-Meneville, 1838) 

FIGURE 2 

Palaemon australis Gue'rin-Me'neville, 1838:37 [type locality: Tahiti]. 

P[alaemon] sundaicus Heller, 1862b:415, pi. 2: figs. 38, 39 [type locality: 

Java]. 

Palaemon dispar Von Martens, 1868:41 [type locality: Pulau Adonara, east of 

Floras]. 

Palaemon alphonsianus Hoffmann, 1874:33, pi. 9: figs. 63-65 [type locality: 

La Reunion]. 

Palaemon parvus Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7: fig. 59 [type locality: "Nosy Faly," 

Madagascar]. 

Palaemon Malliardi Richters, 1880:166, pi. 18: figs. 1-3 [type locality: 

Mauritius]. 

P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) ustulatus Nobili, 1899:241 [type locality: Rigo, 

southeastern Papua]. 

Leander lepidus De Man, 1915:410, pi. 28, fig. 6 [type locality: mouths of 

small streams at "Oinake," east of Teluk Jos Sudarso, West New Guinea]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as or beyond 

FIGURE 2.—Macrobrachium australe from Malaga River, Hinunangan Bay, 

Leyte, Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male 

with carapace length of 20.0 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, 

of male with carapace length of 20.2 mm; c. same, dactyl, denuded.

24 

level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin faintly 

sinuous, rostral formula: 2-4 + 7-10/2-8, usually with gap 

near anterior end of dorsal series; branchiostegal suture not 

extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with 

posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal 

scale with lateral margin straight or slightly convex; 1st 

pereopod with chela less than x li as long as carpus; 2nd 

pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd 

pereopod with palm subcylindrical, fingers and palm not 

concealed by dense pubescence, fingers dentate on opposable 

margins, not gaping, less than 2 /s as long as palm, chela slightly 

longer than carpus, palm about 3 A as long as carpus, carpus less 

than twice as long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; 

minor pereopod with fingers less than '/2 as long as palm; 3rd 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by less than length of 

dactyl, propodus not covered with spines or scales; maximum 

postorbital carapace length more than 27 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Naujan River, Mindoro; 

[B^X 121°19TE]; 5 Jun 1908; 18 males [7.5-18.5] 4 

females [10.2-22.2], 2 ovig [10.5-22.2].—Malaga River, 

Hinunangan Bay, Leyte; [10°24X 125°12'E]; 30 Jul 1909; 8 

males [15.9-27.6] 6 females [11.7-15.3], 3 ovig [13.2- 

15.2].—Mananga River, Cebu; [10 o 14TST, 123°50^]; 25 Aug 

1909: 15 males [5.2-22.2] 15 females [5.9-16.3], 4 ovig 

[ 11.3-15.3], 3 juv [5.1-5.2]. 

INDONESIA. Sungai Gorontalo, Celebes; [0°30 # N, 

123°03'E]; 15 Nov 1909; 25' seine; 30 males [6.2-20.2] 11 

females [4.9-15.5], 2 ovig [9.2, 9.2]. 

RANGE.—Previously known from Madagascar and the 

Seychelles through the Indian Ocean to Taiwan, Philippines, 

Indonesia, and the Pacific islands as far as the Marshall Islands 

in the North Pacific and the Marquesas Islands in the South 

Pacific. 

*10. Macrobrachium bariense (De Man, 1892) 

FIGURE 3 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) bahensis De Man. 1892:4%, pi. 29: fig. 50 [type 

locality: Berit. western Flores, Indonesia]. 

Macrobrachium bariense.—Holthuis, 1950a:236, fig. 49. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to level of distal end 

of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly convex, 

rostral formula: 4-6 + 8/2-4, teeth subequally spaced; 

branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic 

spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral 

spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight or 

slightly convex; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long 

as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in 

form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, forming 

carinate flange on flexor margin, fingers and palm not 

concealed by dense pubescence, fingers sparsely dentate on 

opposable margins, not gaping, about as long as or shorter than 

palm, chela about twice as long as carpus, palm about 1 'A times 

as long as carpus, carpus somewhat shorter than merus, without 


FIGURE 3.—Macrobrachium bariense from Malabang River, Mindanao, 

Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male with 

carapace length of 12.9 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of 

male with carapace length of 13.0 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded. 

longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers gaping, 

l'/2 to less than twice as long as palm; 3rd pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by about length of dactyl, 

propodus not covered with spines or scales; maximum 

postorbital carapace length little more than 15 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Malabang River, Mindanao; 

[T3611,124°04'E]; 1 l /i m; 21 May 1908 (1500); 130' seine: 3 

males [10.2-13.0]. 

RANGE.—Previously known from five Indonesian localities; 

also, there are specimens in the Smithsonian collections from 

the Palau Islands. Apparently the species has not been reported 

previously from the Philippines. 

11. Macrobrachium callirrhoe (De Man, 1898) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) callirrhoe De Man, 1898:152, pi. 8 [type locality: 

Sungai Mandai and Sungai Ketungau, central Borneo]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching level of distal end of 

antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly convex, 

rostral formula: 3-4 + 6-7/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally 

spaced; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond 

hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching 

posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin slightly 

convex; 1st pereopod with chela x li as long as carpus; 2nd 

pereopods somewhat unequal in length, similar in form; major 

2nd pereopod with palm slightly compressed, fingers and palm 

not concealed by dense pubescence, fingers dentate on 

opposable margins, slightly gaping, shorter than palm, chela


less than 3 times as long as carpus, palm less than l 2 /3 times as 

long as carpus, carpus shorter than merus, without longitudinal 

grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers about as long as 

palm; 3rd pereopod with propodus not covered with spines or 

scales; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 10 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type series from two rivers 

in central Borneo. 

ETYMOLOGY.—The specific name of this species was 

undoubtedly transliterated from the name assigned to any of 

three different women in Greek mythology or to a famous 

spring in Athens. Whatever the connotation, the apparently 

commonest spelling of the name was the one used by DeMan 

and repeated here: Callirrhoe. 

12. Macrobrachium clymene (De Man, 1902) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) clymene De Man, 1902:794, pi. 25: fig. 50 [type 

locality: Batang Baram, Sarawak]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching at most to level of distal end 

of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly sinuous, 

rostral formula: 2-3 + 5-7/2-4, dorsal teeth subequally 


hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex reaching about to level 

of tips of longer posterolateral spines; antennal scale with 

lateral margin faintly convex; 1st pereopod with chela less than 

2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and 

dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, 

fingers and palm not concealed by dense pubescence, fingers 

dentate on opposable margins, gaping, 2 /3 as long as palm, 

chela 4 times as long as carpus, palm 2'/2 times as long as 

carpus, carpus '/3 as long as merus, without deep longitudinal 

grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers more than 3 A as long 

as palm; 3rd pereopod not overreaching antennal scale; 

maximum postorbital carapace length about 15 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the river in Sarawak representing 

the type locality. 

13. Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 1950 

Palaemon sp. Cowles, 1914:397, pi. 3: fig. 11. 

Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 195Oa:257 [type locality: Manila water 

supply, Luzon, Philippines]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of 

antennular peduncle and falling far short of that of distal 

extremity of antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly convex, 

rostral formula: 6-7 + 8/2, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; 



spines; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar 

in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers 

not concealed by dense pubescence, bearing teeth and tubercles 

on opposable surface, gaping, subequal to palm in length, palm 

bearing dense patches of pubescence at extreme proximal end, 

chela 3 times as long as carpus, palm 1 3 A times as long as 

carpus, carpus shorter than merus, without longitudinal 

grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers less than 1 '/2 times 

as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by 

length of dactyl and x fc of propodus, latter not covered with 

spines or scales, maximum postorbital carapace length 20 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from two syntypes from the Manila 

water supply, Philippines, and from seven specimens recorded 

from Sumba in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia by 

Holthuis (1978b). 

*14. Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852) 

FIGURE 4 

Palaemon equidens Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Singapore]. 

Palaemon sundaicus var. bataviana De Man, 1897:784 [type locality: Djakarta, 

Java]. 

P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. brachydactyla Nobili, 1899:238 

[type locality: Ambon]. 

Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) acanlhosoma Nobili, 1899:242 [type locality: 

"Katau" [?= Binaturi River, near Fly River], Papua New Guinea]. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. baramensis De Man, 1902:770 [type 

locality: Baram River, Sarawak]. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) nasutus Nobili, 1903a:9, 1 fig. [type locality: 

Singapore]. 

Palaemon sulcaius Henderson and Matthai, 1910:289, pi. 16: fig. 4 [type 

locality: Cochin, southern India]. 

Palaemon sundaicus.—Cowles, 1914:355, pi. 2: fig. 3 [not P. sundaicus Heller, 

1862]. 

Palaemon delagoae Stebbing, 1915:74, pi. 16 [type locality: Delagoa Bay, 

Mozambique]. 

Urocaridella borradailei Stebbing, 1923:8, pi. 14 [type locality: Mhlatuze 

River, Natal]. 

Macrobrachium equidens.—Holthuis, 1950a: 162, fig. 36.—Johnson, 

1973:283. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as or beyond 

level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin convex or 

slightly sinuous, rostral formula: 2-4 + 7-9/4-7, dorsal teeth 

unequally spaced, usually with wider gaps near posterior and 

anterior ends of series; branchiostegal suture not extending 

posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not 

overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral 

margin straight or convex; 1st pereopod with chela '/2 as long 

as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length, similar in form, 

palm subcylindrical, fingers covered with soft, dense pubescence, 

not dentate on opposable margins, not gaping (in 

full-grown males), about 3 A as long as palm, latter completely 

naked, without pubescence, chela longer than carpus, palm 

2 /3- 3 /4 as long as carpus, carpus l 2 /3-l 3 /4 as long as merus, 

without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by length of dactyl, propodus partially pubescent, 

not covered with spines or scales; maximum postorbital 

carapace length about 30 mm. 

MATERIAL.—INDONESIA. Pulau Sebatik, Borneo; [4°10 / N, 

1 ITAS'E)', 1 Oct 1909: 3 males [12.8-21.2]. 

RANGE.—South Africa, southern India to Fukien Province, 

China, Philippines, Indonesia, and Palau Islands eastward to 

New Britain, the Solomon Islands, and Nigeria [possibly

26 

FIGURE 4.—Macrobrachium equidens from Pulau Sebatik, Borneo: a, anterior 

carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male with carapace length of 16.6 

mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male with carapace length 

of 21.2 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded. 

introduced]; high salinity brackish and salt water, rarely in pure 

fresh water. 

REMARKS.—That Holthuis (1950a) was justified in assigning 

Dana's name to this species is borne out by the description 

of its habitat by Johnson (1973:285): "M. equidens is 

pre-eminently an inhabitant of high-salinity brackish water. It 

is also found in shallow, inshore, marine waters, where it very 

probably is capable of breeding. It rarely enters pure 

freshwater." In the original description, Dana (1852a) noted 

that the type specimen of M. equidens was found "in mare 

prope portum 'Singapore'." 

The differences between M. equidens and M. mammillodactylus 

are not always apparent, especially in females and 

subadult males or in the absence of the second chelipeds, but 

there is little doubt that the two species are distinct. Cowles 

(1914) noted that M. equidens lacks the conspicuous T-shaped 

pigment mark present on the lateral surface of the carapace in 

fresh material of M. mammillodactylus, but the second 

chelipeds of M. equidens are marbled like tortoise shell, 

whereas they are longitudinally striped in M. mammillodactylus. 

The antennal scale in the specimens from Borneo is little 

more than three times as long as wide, in contradistinction to 

the proportions of 3.5 to 4 indicated by Holthuis (1950a: 165). 

In the illustration furnished by that author (Figure 36a), 

however, the scale is barely three times as long as wide. 

15. Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) 

Palaemon escultntus Thallwitz, 1891:98 [type locality: northern Celebes]. 

Palaemon dulcis Thallwitz, 1891:99 [type locality: northern Celebes]. 


Macrobrachium esculentum.—Holthuis, 1950a:257. 


antennal scale, rostral formula: 5-6 + 7-8/2; 1st pereopod with 

chela more than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in 

length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm 

compressed, fingers not covered with dense pubescence, 

dentate on opposable margins, gaping, longer or shorter than 

palm, latter entirely covered with woolly hairs, chela longer 

than carpus, palm longer than carpus, carpus shorter than 

merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with 

fingers longer than palm; maximum postorbital carapace length 

less than 25 mm. 

RANGE.—Known with certainty only from northern Celebes; 

reported from Thailand and the Philippines. 

•16. Macrobrachium gracilirostre (Miers, 1875) 

FIGURE 5 

Palaemon gracilirostris Miers, 1875:343 [type locality: Upolu. Samoa 

Islands]. 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus De Man, 1892:469, pi. 27: fig. 43 [type 

locality: River at "Wukur," not far from Sika, southeastern Flores, Indonesia; 

not P. modestus Heller, 1862a]. 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus brevimanus J. Roux, 1934a:228, figs. 9, 

10 [type locality: Bimun, New Ireland]. 

Macrobrachium sophronicum Holthuis, 1950a: 198, fig. 40 [type locality: 

"Wukur River," Sika, southeastern Flores, Indonesia]. 

Macrobrachium gracilirostre.—Holthuis, 1959:199. 


antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly convex or 

FIGURE 5.—Macrobrachium gracilirostre, male from Malaga River, Leyte, 

Philippines, carapace length 15.2 mm: a, anterior carapace and appendages, 

lateral aspect; b. right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same, dactyl, 

denuded.


sinuous, rostral formula: 5-6 + 3-4/2, dorsal teeth more 

widely spaced anteriorly; branchiostegal suture not extending 



margin straight; 1 st pereopod with chela less than 2 /3 as long as 

carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length and similar in form, 

with fingers naked except for scattered setae, opposable 

margins dentate, not gaping noticeably, 3 A as long as palm, 

palm without dense pubescence, chela about 1 '/2 times as long 

as carpus, palm subequal to carpus in length, carpus longer than 

merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by length of dactyl and '/2 of propodus, latter 

covered with appressed scales; maximum carapace length 

about 25 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Malaga River, Hinunangan 

Bay, Leyte; [10°24'N, 125°12'E]; 30 Jul 1909: 3 males 

[14.0-18.0]. 

RANGE.—Previously known from the Ryukyu Islands, 

Taiwan, the Moluccas, Lesser Sunda Islands, New Ireland, and 

Fiji and Samoa islands. Apparently the species has not been 

recorded before from the Philippines. 

17. Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989 

Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989:32, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: stream at 

resurgence from Gomantong Hill, about 5°33'N, 118° 06^, Sabah, Borneo]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not quite overreaching antennal 

scale, dorsal margin faintly convex, rostral formula: 3-4 + 

6-9/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; telson with posterior 

apex not overreaching longer posterolateral spines; antennal 

scale with lateral margin nearly straight; 2nd pereopods 

subequal in length and similar in form, palm of major member 

of pair slightly compressed, fingers with surfaces more or less 

concealed by tufts of moderately long, velvety hairs, also on 

distal '/2 to 2 /3 of chela, fingers dentate on opposable margins, 

not appreciably gaping, nearly or fully as long as palm, chela 

about 4 times as long as carpus, carpus about 2 /3 as long as 

merus; maximum postorbital carapace length about 20 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality at the effluent 

of an underground stream in Sabah. 

18. Macrobrachium hainanense (Parisi, 1919) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) hainanense Parisi, 1919:87, pi. 3: fig. 1; pi. 6: figs. 

1, 7 [type locality: Keng-kong River, Hainan]. 

Palaemon similis Yu, 1931:281, fig. 2 [type locality: Amoy, China]. 

Macrobrachium hainanense.—Holthuis, 1950a: 158, fig. 35. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum falling considerably short of level of 

distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight or 

faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 3-4 + 6-11/3, dorsal teeth 

subequally spaced, except posteriormost often remote from 

2nd; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond 


posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin 

straight; 1st pereopod with chela l /2 as long as carpus; 2nd 

pereopods subequal in length and similar in form, palm 

subcylindrical, fingers with narrow longitudinal band of 

pubescence in basal part either side of opposable margin, latter 

dentate, fingers not noticeably gaping, 2 /3 as long as palm, latter 

spinulose but not pubescent, chela 1 '/2 times as long as carpus, 

palm about as long as carpus, carpus l'/2 times as long as 


antennal scale little, if at all, propodus covered with 

spinules; maximum carapace length about 25 mm. 

RANGE.—Southeastern China and Java, Indonesia. 

19. Macrobrachium horstii (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Horstii De Man, 1892:460, pi. 27: fig. 39 [type 

locality: River at Polopo, central Celebes]. 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) horsti brevidigitus J. Roux, 1930:358 [type 

locality: Bali]. 

Macrobrachium horstii.—Holthuis, 1950a:203, fig. 42. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal margin of 

antennal scale, dorsal margin moderately convex, rostral 

formula: 4 + 8/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal 

suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; 

telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral 

spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod 

with chela more than x li as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods 

subequal in length, similar in form, palm somewhat compressed, 

fingers and palm spinulose, not pubescent, fingers 

with teeth on opposable margins, not broadly gaping, '/2- 3 A as 

long as palm, chela less than twice as long as carpus, palm 

1-1'A times as long as carpus, carpus slightly longer than 


antennal scale by about length of dactyl; maximum 


RANGE.—Taiwan and Celebes, Bali, and Lombok, Indonesia. 

•20. Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862) 

FIGURE 6 

Plalaemon] Idae Heller. 1862b:416, pi. 2: figs. 40. 41 [type locality: Borneo). 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ritsemae De Man, 1897:774 [type locality: Atjeh, 

northwestern Sumatra]. 

P[alaemon} (Eupalaemon) Idae. var. subinermis Nobili, 1899:237 [type 

locality: San Guiseppe River near Innawi, Meheo District, Papua]. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Mariae Coutiere. 1900:1266 [type locality: Madagascar]. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) robustus De Man, 1902:771, pi. 24: fig. 48 [type 

locality: Halmahera]. 

Macrobrachium idae.—Holthuis, 1950a: 142, fig. 33. 

1Macrobrachium palawanensis Johnson, 1962a:307, fig. 1 [type locality: 

Palawan, Philippines]. 

?Macrobrachium palawanense.—Johnson, 1973:274, 282. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as or slightly 

beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin 

straight or faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 2-3 + 6-9/3-4, 

dorsal teeth rather subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture not 

extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with

28 

FIGURE 6.—Macrobrachium idae, male from Naujan River, Mindoro, 

Philippines, carapace length 16.7 mm: a, anterior carapace and appendages, 

lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same, dactyl, 

denuded. 


scale with lateral margin slightly convex; 1st pereopod with 

chela less than 3 times as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods similar 

in form but not usually equal in length, palm subcylindrical, 

fingers pubescent, especially either side of proximal part of 

opposable margins, latter dentate proximally, fingers not 

noticeably gaping, '/2 as long as palm, latter naked, chela 

shorter than carpus, palm more than x li as long as carpus, 

carpus more than twice as long as merus, without longitudinal 

grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by more 

than length of dactyl, propodus not covered with spines or 

scales; maximum postorbital carapace length about 20 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Naujan River, Mindoro; 

[13°16'Nf 121°19^];5 Jun 1908: 1 male [16.9]. 

RANGE.—Madagascar to southern India, Philippines, Indonesia, 

and eastward as far as the Admiralty Islands. 

REMARKS.—The identity of the specimen assigned to this 

species (Figure 6) is somewhat tentative, but it agrees almost 

exactly with the illustrations by De Man (1902) of M. robustus, 

which Holthuis (1950a: 145) noted "undoubtedly belongs to M. 

idae." 

Macrobrachium palawanense may be a valid species, but we 

have been unable to distinguish it from M. idae on the basis of 

the descriptions and illustrations published by Johnson (1962a, 

1973). That author convincingly separated the species from M. 

weberi but mentioned no characters that do not apply as well to 

our concept of Af. idae. 

21. Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950 

Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950a:227, fig. 47 [type locality: 

Sinabang, Pulau Simeulue, off northwestern Sumatra]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly or quite as far as 

level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly 

straight, faintly convex or sinuous, rostral formula: 5-6 + 

7-9/3-4, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture 

not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with 



scale with lateral margin nearly straight; 1st pereopod with 

chela about '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods distinctly 

unequal in length but rather similar in form; major 2nd 

pereopod with palm somewhat compressed, fingers without 

dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, 

about as long as palm, latter partially covered with dense 

pubescence, chela 3'/2 times as long as carpus, palm 1 3 A times 

as long as carpus, carpus more than 4 /5 as long as merus, 


antennal scale by length of dactyl or less, propodus not covered 

with spines or scales; maximum postorbital carapace length 


RANGE.—Known only from the Sinabang area of Pulau 

Simeulue off the Indian Ocean coast of northwestern Sumatra, 

Indonesia, and from Mindanao, Philippines. 

•22. Macrobrachium jaroense (Cowles, 1914) 

FIGURE 7 

Palaemon jaroensis Cowles, 1914:385, pi. 3: fig. 8 (type locality: Hibucawan 

River near Jaro, Leyte. Philippines]. 

Macrobrachium jaroense.—Holthuis, 1950a:205. 


antennal scale, dorsal margin sinuous but without distinct 

dorsal crest, rostral formula: 4-6 + 5-7/2(3), dorsal teeth 

unequally spaced, more widely separated posteriorly; branchiostegal 

suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic 


spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st 

pereopod with chela more than 2 h as long as carpus; 2nd 

pereopods unequal in length but similar in form; major 2nd 

pereopod with palm compressed; fingers dentate on opposable 

margins but teeth concealed by dense pubescence on either 

FIGURE 7.—Macrobrachium jaroense from Mananga River, Cebu, Philippines: 

a. anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male with carapace 

length of 16.0 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male with 

carapace length of 16.5 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded.


side, fingers slightly gaping, 3 /4-l 3 /4 times as long as palm, 

latter without dense pubescence, chela less than twice as long 

as palm, latter without dense pubescence, less than twice as 

long as carpus, palm about as long as carpus, carpus longer than 

merus, with distinct but shallow longitudinal groove on carpus; 

minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1 'A times as long as palm; 3rd 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and 

l h of propodus, latter covered with appressed scales; maximum 

postorbital carapace length less than 20 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Mananga River, Cebu; 

[10°14', 123°50'E]; 25 Aug 1909: 24 males [8.2-17.8] 24 

females [8.3-13.8], 19 ovig [9.4-13.81]. 

RANGE.—Known previously only from Taiwan and the 23 

specimens in the type series from Leyte, Philippines. 

23. Macrobrachium javanicum (Heller, 1862) 

Pfalaemon) javanicus Heller, 1862b:421, pi. 2: fig. 48 [type locality: Java]. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) negleclus De Man, 1905:201, pi. 15: fig. 6 [type 

locality: Mergui Archipelago and northeastern Sumatra]. 

Macrobrachium javanicum.—Holthuis, 1950a: 190, fig. 38. 


antennal scale, dorsal margin somewhat sinuous, rostral 

formula: 3 + 8-10/3-5, dorsal teeth subequally spaced, except 

posteriormost tooth often more remote; branchiostegal suture 



scale with lateral margin nearly straight; 1st pereopod with 

chela '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length 

and rather similar in form, palm somewhat compressed, fingers 

without dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, not 

widely gaping, V2— 3 /4 as long as palm, latter not densely 

pubescent, even in part, chela twice as long as carpus, palm 

1-1 l /i times as long as carpus, carpus longer than merus, 


antennal scale by less than length of dactyl, propodus not 

covered with spines or scales; maximum postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Mergui Archipelago, Malaya, Thailand, and Indonesia. 

24. Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950 

Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950a:233. fig. 48 [type locality: Pulau Nias, 

off northwestern coast of Sumatra]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not quite reaching level of distal end 

of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula: 

4-5 + 9-10/4-5, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal 



spines; antennal scale with lateral margin concave; 1st 

pereopod with chela longer than l /i of carpus; 2nd pereopods 

unequal in length, dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with 

palm subcylindncal, fingers without dense pubescence, dentate 

on opposable margins, partially gaping, 3 /4-1 '/3 times as long 

as palm, latter with single dense patch of long, soft hair, chela 

3'A times as long as carpus, palm l'/3-l 3 /4 times as long as 

carpus, carpus as long as or slightly longer than merus, without 

longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers fully 

1 '/2 times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal 

scale little if at all, propodus not covered with spines or scales; 

maximum postorbital carapace length less than 20 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from nine syntypes from Pulau Nias 

of the Indian Ocean coast of northwestern Sumatra, Indonesia. 

•25. Macrobrachium lanceifrons (Dana, 1852) 

FIGURE 8 

Palaemon lanceifrons Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Manila, Luzon, Philippines].—Cowles, 

1914:364, pi. 2: fig. 4. 

Palaemon lanceifrons var. montalbanensis Cowles, 1914:371, pi. 2: fig. 6 [type 

locality: Montalban, near Manila, Luzon, Philippines]. 

Macrobrachium lanceifrons var. lanceifrons.—Holthuis, 1950a: 154. 

Macrobrachium lanceifrons var. montalbanense.—Holthuis, 1950a: 154. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as to slightly 

beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin 

sinuous, sometimes simply convex, rostral formula: 1-2 + 

7-11/2-4, dorsal teeth subequally spaced or more widely 

spaced in anterior part; branchiostegal suture not extending 



margin nearly straight; 1st pereopod with chela about x li as 

long as carpus; 2nd pereopods somewhat unequal in length, 

similar in form; palm subcylindncal, fingers covered with 

dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, not noticeably 

gaping, '/2-1V2 times as long as palm, palm naked, chela 

slightly longer than carpus to slightly more than 1V2 times as 

long, palm '/2- 3 /4 as long as carpus, carpus l'/4-l 3 /4 times as 

long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod 

barely overreaching antennal scale, if at all, propodus not 

covered with spines or scales; maximum postorbital carapace 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Santa Cruz, Laguna de Bay, 

Luzon; [l^nX 121°25'E]; 17 Dec 1907: 15 males [5.4- 

FlGURE 8.—Macrobrachium lanceifrons from Santa Cruz, Laguna de Bay, 

Luzon. Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male 

with carapace length of 14.5 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, 

of male with carapace length of 16.3 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded.

30 


FIGURE 9.—Macrobrachium lar from the Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male 

from Varadero Mountain, Mindoro, with carapace length of 38.2 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, 

of male from Nonucan River, Mindanao, with carapace length of 41.0 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded. 

14.8] 15 females [6.1-10.1], 9 ovig [6.1-10.1].—Marikina 

River at Wawa, Luzon; [14°44', 121°1 l'E]; 1 Jan 1908; 9 males 

[6.4-14.8] 8 females [6.1-8.0].—Antipolo, Luzon; [14°35X 

121°10 / E];26 Jan 1908:1 male [16.3]. 

RANGE.—Known only from the general vicinity of Manila, 

Luzon, Philippines. 

REMARKS.—The single male from Antipolo agrees with 

Cowles' description of M. lanceifrons var. montalbanense but 

it was collected only a few miles from the Marikina River at 

Wawa, where typical specimens of M. lanceifrons occurred, 

and we can therefore see little reason for regarding that variety 

as a subspecies, particularly as Cowles (1914:379) noted that 

both forms had similar distinctive color patterns. 

•26. Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798) 

FIGURE 9 

Palaemon Lar Weber, 1795:94 [nomen nudum]. 

IPalaemon longimanus Weber, 1795:94 [nomen nudum]. 

Palaemon Lar Fabricius, 1798:402 [type locality: "in India Dom. Daldorff' (? 

= Tranquebar)]. 

IPalaemon longimanus Fabricius, 1798:402 [type locality: "in India oriental! 

Dom. Daldorff" (? = Tranquebar)]. 

Palaemon ornatus Olivier, 1811:660 [type locality: East Indies]. 

Pal[aemon] tridens White, 1847:78 [type locality: Mauritius ?]. 

Plalaemon] vagus Heller. 1862b:417, pl.2: figs. 42,43 [type locality: Ambon]. 

Palaemon spectabilis Heller, 1862a:527 [type locality: Tahiti]. 

Palaemon ruber Hess, 1865:165, pi. 7: fig. 20 [type locality: Fiji Islands]. 

Palaemon mayottensis Hoffmann, 1874:32, pi. 9: figs. 61, 62 [type locality: He 

de Mayotte. Comoro Islands, and I'tle Nosy Fali, Madagascar]. 

Palaemon reunionnensis Hoffmann. 1874:33, pl.9: figs. 66, 67 [type locality: 

La Reunion]. 

Palaemon madagascariensis Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7: fig. 58 [type locality: 

Nosy Fali. N.W. Madagascar]. 

Leander dionyx Nobili, 1905b:482, pi. 12: fig. 2 [type locality: Bogadjim (= 

Stephansort), Papua New Guinea]. 

Palaemon lar.—Cowles, 1914:380, pi. 2: fig. 7. 

Macrobrachium lar.—Holthuis, 1950a: 176, fig. 37. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum falling slightly short of level of distal 

end of antennal scale, rostral formula: 2 + 5-7/2-4, posteriormost 

tooth of dorsal series more remote than others; 



spines; antennal scale with lateral margin convex; 1st 

pereopod with chela about '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods 

usually unequal in length, similar in form, palm subcylindrical, 

fingers bearing scattered setae not concealing surface, dentate 

on opposable margins, fingers usually gaping (in full-grown 

males), fingers from 3 A to quite as long as palm, palm not 

clothed in dense pubescence anywhere, chela more than 3'/2 

times as long as carpus, palm slightly longer than to twice as 

long as carpus, carpus shorter than merus, with shallow 

longitudinal groove; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale 

by less than length of dactyl, propodus bearing numerous 

appressed spines; maximum postorbital carapace length more 

than 55 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Sablan, Benguet, Luzon; 

[16°30', 120°40'E]; 14 Mar 1908: 2 males [35.7, 37.7].—Small 

creek at Varadero Bay, Mindoro; [13°3O'N, 120°59'E]; 27 Oct 

1909; dynamite: 2 males [15.1, 16.8] 1 female [16.3].— 

"Varadero Mountain," [probably] Mindoro; 23 Jul 1908: 11 

males [16.2-38.2] 2 females [24.3-27.7].—Calawagan River 

3 miles from mouth, Mindoro; [B^TSf, 120°28'E]; 11 Dec 

1908 (1500); 16' seine: 1 male [24.2].—Mananga River, Cebu; 

[10°14'N, 123°50'E]; 25 Aug 1909:2 pairs of 2nd pereopods.— 

Nonucan River, Iligan Bay, Mindanao; 8°13'N, 124°12'E; 6 

Aug 1909 (0800); dynamite: 1 male [41.0].—Small stream at 

Mati, PujadaBay, Mindana; [6°57'N, 126°13'E]; 15 May 1908: 

8 males [9.2-26.3] 7 females (20.2-20.9). 

INDONESIA. Stream, Pulau Ambon; [3°4O;S, 128° 10']; 5 

Dec 1909; dynamite: 6 males [13.0-26.0].—Ambon Market; 

[3°43'S, 128°12'E]; 5 Dec 1909; 1 male [24.2] 6 females


[19.6-25.5], 3 ovig [19.6-25.5]). 

RANGE.—Widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific region 

from East Africa to the Marquesas Islands, probably not 

indigenous on Hawaii. 

*27. Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891) 

FIGURE 10 

Palaemon latidactylus Thallwitz, 1891:97 [type locality: northern Celebes].— 

Cowles, 1914:392, pi. 3: fig. 10. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) endehensis De Man, 1892:465, pi. 27: fig. 42 [type 

locality: Flores, Indonesia]. 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lampropus De Man, 1892:493, pi. 29: fig. 49 [type 

locality: Celebes and Timor, Indonesia]. 

Macrobrachium latidactylus.—Holthuis, 1950a:239, fig. 50. 


antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly convex, rostral formula: 

3-5 + 10-11/2-5, interspaces often wider near posterior and 

anterior ends of dorsal series; branchiostegal suture not 

extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with 


scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with chela '/2 as 

long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar 

in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers 

not densely pubescent, fingers denticulate on opposable 

margins, gaping, 2 /3-173 times as long as palm, latter nowhere 

densely pubescent, chela 1 3 A times as long as carpus, palm 

longer than carpus, carpus l'A times as long as merus, not 

longitudinally grooved; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers l 2 /3 

times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod not overreaching antennal 

scale, propodus not covered with spines or scales; maximum 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. River at Tilik, Lubang Island; 

[13°49'N, 120°12'E]; 14 Jul 1908: 1 male [17.1].—Malabon 

Market [probably suburb of Manila, Luzon; 14°39'N, 

[120°57'E]; 8 Aug 1908: 1 male [17.7].—River at Batangas, 

Luzon; [13°45TS[, 121°03'E]; 7 Jun 1909: 2 males [12.0, 12.2] 

5 females [3.8-11.7], 2 ovig [10.0, 11.7].—"Yom River, 

FIGURE 10.—Macrobrachium latidactylus, male from Zamboanga River, 

Mindanao, Philippines, carapace length 20.2 mm: a, anterior carapace and 

appendages, lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same, 

dactyl, denuded. 

(Tayabas) Luzon;" 25 Feb 1909: 1 male [ 13.8].—Basud River, 

Luzon; [14°06TM, 123°E]; 15 Jun 1909: 1 male [10.2].—Nato 

River, Lagonoy Gulf, Luzon; [13°36'N, 123°33'E]; tidewater, 

18 Jun 1909 (0630): 24 males [6.5-13.8] 12 females [5.1-8.3], 

2 ovig [8.0, 8.3].—Yawn River. Legaspi, Luzon; [mCN, 

123°45'E]; 7 Jun 1909 (0600): 36 males [4.9-21.5] 21 females 

[8.0-13.8], 14 ovig [8.0-13.4].—"Damaea River," Luzon; 25 

Feb 1909: 2 males [12.2, 15.8].—Naujan River, Mindoro; 

[13°16X 121°19'E]; 5 Jun 1908: 12 males [6.0-15.0] 3 

females [4.6-10.3], 2 ovig [8.6, 10.3].—Pangauaran River, 

Port Caltom, Busuanga Island; [12°llH 120°05'E]; 16 Dec 

1908 (0700); 25' seine: 2 males [11.0, 12.9] 1 ovig female 

[12.0].—Malaga River, Hinunangan Bay, Leyte; [10°24'N, 

125°12'E]; 30 Jul 1909: 10 males [13.0-20.0].—Surigao 

River, Mindanao; [9°48'N, 125°29'E]; 8 May 1908: 8 May 

1908: 1 male [10.3].—Vicars Landing, Lake Lanao, Mindanao; 

[7°47TS[, 124°1 l'E]; 22 May 1908; seine: 4 males [7.2-18.5].— 

Zamboanga River, Mindanao; [6°54'N, 122°04TE]; 9 Oct 1909: 

1 male [20.2]. 

RANGE.—Malaya, Taiwan, Philippines, and Indonesia. 

*28. Macrobrachium latimanus (Von Martens, 1868) 

FIGURE 11 

Palfaemon] latimanus Von Martens, 1868:44 [type locality Loquilocon, 

Samar, Philippines]. 

Palaemon euryrhynchus Ortmann, 1891:738, pi. 47: fig. 12 [type locality: Fiji 

Islands]. 

FIGURE 11.—Macrobrachium latimanus, male collected at altitude of 

1200-1800 meters on Mount Apo, Mindanao, Philippines, by E.A. Meams. 

1904 (USNM 53869). carapace length 32.0 mm: a, anterior carapace and 

appendages, lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same, 

dactyl, denuded.

32 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) singalangensis Nobili, 1900a:487 [type locality: 

"Aier Mantcior, presso il Monte Singalang," Sumatra]. 

Macrobrachium latimanus.—Holthuis, 1950a:205, fig. 43. 


antennal scale, dorsal margin convex, rostral formula: 1-2 + 

5-10/2-4, dorsal teeth typically more crowded anteriorly; 




slightly concave; 1st pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus; 

2nd pereopods subequal in length, similar in form, palm 

compressed, fingers not densely pubescent, fingers dentate on 

opposable margins, not noticeably gaping, '/2 to quite as long 

as palm, latter nowhere densely pubescent, chela about 3 times 

as long as carpus, palm 1-2 times as long as carpus, carpus 

shorter than merus, with faint longitudinal groove; 3rd 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by less than length of 

dactyl, propodus rather densely spinulose; maximum postorbital 

carapace length more than 30 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Stream at Maagnas, Lagonoy 

Gulf, Luzon; [13°43X 123°4O / E]; 17 Jun 1909: 1 male [15.0] 

1 female [10.0]. 

RANGE.—India, Sri Lanka, Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, and 

Indonesia, eastward to the Marquesas Islands. 

•29. Macrobrachium lepidactyloides (De Man, 1892) 

FIGURE 12 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lepidactyloides De Man, 1892:497, pi. 29: fig. 51 

[type locality: "Raka-mbaha, W. Flores" (Holthuis. 195Oa:251)]. 

Palaemon lepidactylus.—Cow\es, 1914:389, pi. 3: fig. 9. [Not P. lepidactylus 

Hilgendorf, 1879.] 

Macrobrachium hirtimanus.—Holthuis, 1950a:245 [part], fig. 51a. 

Macrobrachium lepidactyloides.—Holthuis, 1952a:210, pi. 15: fig. 2. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not nearly reaching level of distal end 

of antennal scale, dorsal margin somewhat sinuous, rostral 

formula: 5-7 + 4-6/2-4, dorsal teeth unequally spaced; 



spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st 

pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods 

unequal in length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod 

with palm compressed, fingers not densely pubescent, fingers 

dentate on opposable margins, not markedly gaping, longer 

than palm, latter nowhere densely pubescent, chela more than 

twice as long as carpus, palm about as long as carpus, carpus 

about as long as merus, with shallow longitudinal groove; 

minor 2nd pereopod with fingers about 1 3 A times as long as 

palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of 

dactyl and about '/2 of propodus, propodus bearing numerous 

flattened spines or subacute scales; maximum postorbital 

carapace length more than 25 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Zamboanga River, Mindanao: 


FIGURE 12.—Macrobrachium lepidactyloides. male from Zamboanga River, 

Mindanao, Philippines, carapace length 16.3 mm: a. anterior carapace and 

appendages, lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod. dactyl, and propodus; c, same, 

dactyl, denuded. 

[6°54X 122°O4'E]; 9 Oct 1909: 3 males [16.2-19.01 1 ovig 

female [10.6]. 

RANGE.—Philippines, Indonesia, and Fiji Islands. 

REMARKS.—The two males from the Zamboanga River in 

which the major second cheliped is intact have the palm less 

broad than it is in typical specimens of the species, much as in 

M. placidum, suggesting the possibility that M. lepidactyloides 

and P. placidum may eventually prove to be indistinguishable. 

30. Macrobrachium lorentd (J. Roux, 1921) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) lorentzi J. Roux, 1921:5%, pi. 16: figs. 1-3 [type 

locality: Sungai Lorentz basin, southwestern New Guinea (Irian Jaya)]. 

Macrobrachium lorentzi.—Holthuis, 195Oa:213, fig. 44. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale, 

dorsal margin distinctly sinuous, rostral formula: 3-4 + 

6-10/2-4, dorsal teeth subequal ly spaced; branchiostegal 

suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson 

with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; 

antennal scale with lateral margin straight or slightly concave; 

1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd 

pereopods unequal in length but similar in form, palm slightly 

compressed, fingers densely pubescent, fingers partially dentate 

on opposable margins, not gaping, 1-1 '/2 times as long as 

palm, latter nowhere densely pubescent, chela 1 '/2-1 3 A times 

as long as carpus, palm 2 /3- 3 A as long as palm, carpus longer 

than merus, with shallow longitudinal groove; 3rd pereopod 

barely overreaching antennal scale, propodus somewhat spi-


nose; maximum postorbital carapace length about 25 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from Papua New Guinea and western 

New Guinea (Irian Jaya). 

31. Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pilimanus malayanus J. Roux, 935b:32 [type 

locality: "Lasah, Plus Valley, East Perak." Malay Peninsula]. 

Macrobrachium geron Holthuis, 1950a:258, fig. 52 [type locality: Pulau 

Bangka, east of Sumatra, Indonesia]. 

Macrobrachium malayanum.—Chong and Khoo, 1987a:904, figs. 1-3,4a. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not or barely overreaching antennal 

scale, dorsal margin straight or convex, rostral formula: 3-4 + 

5-8/3-6, dorsal teeth slightly more widely spaced posteriorly 

than anteriorly; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly 

beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching 


nearly straight; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long as 

carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in 

form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers and 

palm covered with dense carpet of short velvety hair, fingers 

dentate on opposable margins, not widely gaping, chela at least 

twice as long as carpus, no longer than merus; minor 2nd 

pereopod with fingers slightly shorter than palm; maximum 

postorbital carapace length about 17 mm. 

RANGE.—Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo; 

slow to rapid flowing streams in or near forested areas. 

32. Macrobrachium mammillodactylus (Thallwitz, 1892) 

FIGURE 13 

Palaemon idae var. mammillodactylus Thallwitz, 1892:15 [type locality: 

Luzon, Philippines, or northern Celebes (ace. to Holthuis, 1950a:150)]. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Wolterstorffi Nobili, 1900b: 1 [type locality: Surabaja, 

eastern Java]. 

Palaemon philippinensis Cowles, 1914:340, pi. 2: fig. 2 [type locality: San Juan 

and Pasig rivers, near Manila, Philippines]. 

7Palaemon talaverae Blanco, 1939a: 168, pi. 2 [type locality: Lake Sampaloc, 

San Pablo, Laguna Province, Luzon, Philippines]. 

Macrobrachium mammillodactylus.—Holthuis, 1950a: 148, fig. 34. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum variable, not overreaching antennal 

scale, dorsal margin somewhat sinuous, rostral formula: 2-3 + 

9-12/2-5, dorsal teeth more widely spaced posteriorly than 

anteriorly; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly 

beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching 


straight or concave; 1st pereopod with chela less than '/2 as 

long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length and similar in 

form, palm subcylindrical, fingers not densely pubescent, 

partially dentate on opposable margins, gaping slightly, not 

widely, '/2 to quite as long as palm, latter nowhere densely 

pubescent, chela 1V4-IV2 times as long as carpus, palm '/2 to 

quite as long as carpus, carpus as long as to twice as long as 

merus, not longitudinally grooved; 3rd pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by more than length of dactyl, propodus not 

FIGURE 13.—Macrobrachium mammillodactylus from Luzon, Philippines: a, 

anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male collected by D.G. Frey 

from Aringay River, La Union, with carapace length of 25.1 mm; b, right 3rd 

pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male from San Juan River, near Manila 

(identified by R.P. Cowles as Palaemon philippinensis), with carapace length 

of 28.0 mm (USNM 54619); c, same, dactyl, denuded. 

profusely spinose or scaly but bearing numerous minute spines; 

maximum postorbital carapace length more than 40 mm. 

RANGE.—Philippines and Indonesia. 

33. Macrobrachium minutum (J. Roux, 1917) 

Palaemon minutus J. Roux, 1917:599, pi. 27: figs. 1-3 [type locality: Sentani 

Lake, northeastern Irian Jaya (West New Guinea)]. 

Macrobrachium minutum.—Holthuis, 1950a: 140, fig. 32. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum slightly overreaching antennal scale 

or not, dorsal margin faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 3 + 

9-10/4, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture 



scale with lateral margin slightly concave; 1st pereopod with 

chela '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods slightly unequal in

34 

length but nearly similar in form, palm subcylindrical, fingers 

not covered with dense pubescence, partially dentate on 

opposable margins, not gaping, '/2- 2 /3 as long as palm, latter 

without any dense pubescence, chela less than 3 /4 as long as 

carpus, palm about 2 /s as long as carpus, carpus 1 3 A times as 


overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyls and x li of 

propodus, propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; maximum 


RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in Sentani 

Lake, Irian Jaya. 

34. Macrobrachium mirabile (Kemp, 1917) 

Palaemon mirabilis Kemp, 1917:227, pi. 10 [type locality: Rangoon, Burma (= 

Myanmar)]. 

Macrobrachium mirabile.—Holthuis, 1950a: 174. 


of antennal scale, with rather high dorsal crest, rostral formula: 

4-6 + 9-10/1-2, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal 



spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1 st pereopod 

with chela more than l /2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods 

subequal in length and similar in form, palm subcylindrical, 

fingers not concealed by dense pubescence, not dentate on 

opposable margins, not gaping, fingers l 2 /3 times as long as 

palm, latter without any dense pubescence, chela 1 3 /4 times as 

long as carpus, palm less than 3 /4 as long as carpus, carpus more 

than 3 A as long as merus, not longitudinally grooved; 3rd 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl, 

propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; maximum carapace 

length less than 15 mm. 

RANGE.—Brackish water in the Gangetic delta, Burma 

(Myanmar), Thailand, and Borneo. 

REMARKS.—Kemp (1917:230, 231) obviously believed this 

species to be more closely related to the species of Leander (= 

Palaemon) than to those of Palaemon (= Macrobrachium), but 

the presence of an hepatic spine led him to assign it to the latter 

genus, in order to avoid tampering with accepted classification. 

Examination of specimens from Thailand in the Smithsonian 

collections indicates to us that the species does not belong in 

the genus Macrobrachium, because of the form of the second 

pereopods, the unusually long and slender fourth and fifth 

pereopods, and the possibility that females may be larger than 

males (as in most palaemonid genera except Macrobrachium.) 

On the other hand, the species does not fit comfortably in 

Palaemon because of the presence of an hepatic spine and 

perhaps other characters. The assignment of the species to a 

distinct, monotypic genus would seem to be the best solution to 

the problem. Only the absence of males in our collections and 

the hope that they may reveal generic characters other than 

those displayed by the females has prevented us from 

proposing such a genus here. 


35. Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984 

Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984a:164, figs. 2, 3 [type locality: Jawej 

River nearTigi Lake, Wissel Lakes, Irian Jaya, Indonesia]. 


of antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly sinuous, rostral 

formula: 4-5 + 9-13/2-3, dorsal teeth nearly subequally 



posterior spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st 

pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods 

unequal in length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod 

with palm slightly compressed, fingers concealed by dense 

pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, somewhat gaping, 

slightly longer than palm, palm with distal end clothed in dense 

pubescence-like fingers, chela more than twice as long as 

carpus, palm about as long as carpus, carpus about as long as 


fingers twice as long as palm; 3rd pereopod barely, if at all, 

overreaching antennal scale, propodus neither spinose nor 

scaly; maximum postorbital carapace length 25 mm. 

RANGE.—Wissel Lakes region, Irian Jaya (New Guinea), 

Indonesia. 

36. Macrobrachium oenone (De Man, 1902) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone De Man, 1902:784, pi. 25: fig. 49 [type 

locality: northern Halmahera). 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone papuana J. Roux, 1927:324, fig. 2 [type 

locality: Mamberamo River, northern Irian Jaya]. 

Macrobrachium oenone.—Holthuis, 1950a:256. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale, 

dorsal margin convex or faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 6-7 + 

6-9/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture 


posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; 1st 

pereopod with chela l /2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods 

unequal in length, somewhat dissimilar in form; major 2nd 

pereopod with palm somewhat compressed, fingers not 

concealed by dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, 

somewhat gaping, fingers 1—1 3 A times as long as palm, latter 

without any dense pubescence, chela 2 3 /4-3'A as long as 

carpus, palm l'/3-l'/2 times as long as carpus, carpus 9 /io as 

long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd 

pereopod with fingers twice as long as palm; 3rd pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and l /2 of 

propodus; propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; maximum 


RANGE.—Halmahera and New Guinea. 

37. Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950 

Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950a: 136, fig. 31 [type locality: 

"Lake Tawar, Laulo Lake, northern Simaloer, off Sumatra" at 2°50'N, 

95°50'E]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, dorsal


margin sinuous, rostral formula: 1-2 + 6-7/6-9, dorsal teeth 

unequally spaced; branchiostegal suture extending posteroventrally 

beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not 


margin straight or slightly concave; 1st pereopod with chela '/2 

as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length, similar in 

form, palm subcylindrical, fingers not clothed in dense 

pubescence, not dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, 1 '/3 

times as long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence, 

chela more than '/2 as long as carpus, palm 'A as long as carpus, 

carpus l'/2 times as long as merus, without longitudinal 

grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by more 

than length of dactyl, propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; 

maximum postorbital carapace length less than 20 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality, about which 

L.B. Holthuis has contributed the following remarks: "The type 

locality of M. palaemonoides is Lake Tawar (= Lake Laulo = 

Laut Tawar = Bawa Laulo) in N. Simaloer (= Simalur = 

Simeuloee = Simeuloee = Simeulue) at 2°50'N 95°50'E. The 

collector (W.C. van Heurn) wrote in a letter of 16 August 1913 

from Sibigo, N. Simaloer: 'Day before yesterday we started 

early in a canoe with 1 boy and 3 oarsmen. First we crossed the 

Bay (= Sibigo Bay), 1 hour rowing, then we entered the Lauloe 

River, but soon the rain came down in torrents and the river 

started to flood, so that we progressed but extremely slowly, 

fighting barricades of floating bamboo, fallen trees, creepers 

hanging down over the water, etc. After wrestling that way for 

5 hours we reached Laut Tawar (= Tawar Lake). This 

freshwater lake is supposed to be bewitched and by now I 

believe it really is.' And then follows a sorrowful tale of all the 

bad luck they had. Van Heurn was notorious because of his 

pessimistic view of everything, but in the meantime he got 

excellent collections together. Anyhow you can be certain that 

the type locality is Laulo Lake (= Lake Tawar), N. Simeulue. In 

my paper with A.M. Husson (1973) on 'Jonkheer Drs. Willem 

Cornelis von Heurn (1887-1972)' in Zoologische Bijdragen, 

Leiden, no. 16, you will find a sketch map of Simeulue on p. 14 

(fig. 2), and on p. 15 the Dutch lines, cited above in 

translation." 

REMARKS.—This species, like M. mirabile, is retained in the 

genus Macrobrachium with considerable reservation. Except 

for the presence of an hepatic spine and the absence of a 

branchiostegal spine, it would almost certainly be assigned to 

the genus Palaemon, as suggested by the unique posteroventral 

extension of the branchiostegal suture. On the other hand, the 

hepatic spine in M. palaemonoides is situated dorsal to the 

branchiostegal suture, whereas, in Palaemon, the branchiostegal 

spine—which seems to be the ontogenetic homologue of 

the hepatic spine (see Holthuis, 1950a: 130, fig. 29)—is situated 

ventral to the anterior end of the branchiostegal suture. 

38. Macrobrachium pilimanus (De Man, 1879) 

Palaemon pilimanus De Man, 1879:181 [type locality: Muaralabuh, near 

Padang, western Sumatra]. 

Palaemon pilimanus, var. leptodactylus De Man, 1892:476, pi. 28: fig. 44i-l 

[type locality: Bogor, Java]. 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pygmaeus J. Roux, 1928b:222, figs. 1-4 [type 

locality: "Kastobo" Lake, Pulau Bawean, Java Sea]. 

Macrobrachium pilimanus.—Holthuis, 1950a:214. 



6-10/1-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal 



antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with 

chela 2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length but 

rather similar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm 

compressed, fingers with surfaces more or less concealed by 

long, soft hairs, dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, 3 A 

to quite as long as palm, much of latter covered by long, soft 

hairs, chela more than 5 times as long as carpus, palm 1 'A to 

more than twice as long as carpus, carpus '/2- 2 /3 as long as 


fingers 1 x ji times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by about length of dactyl, propodus not 

profusely spinose or scaly; maximum postorbital carapace 

length 28 mm. 

RANGE.—Malaya, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. 

*39. Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892) 

FIGURE 14 

IPalaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818:5, pi. 319: fig. 1 [type locality ?]. 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium)placidulus De Man, 1892:489, pi. 28: fig. 48 [type 

localities: Celebes, Pulau Selajar, Flores, and Timor]. 

Macrobrachium placidulum.—Holthuis, 1950a:253, fig. 51c. 



5-7/1-2, dorsal teeth more widely spaced anteriorly than 

posteriorly; branchiostegal suture very short, not extending 



margin concave; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long 

as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and somewhat 


fingers not clothed in dense pubescence, dentate on opposable 

margins, slightly gaping, 2 /3-l'/3 times as long as palm, palm 

without any dense pubescence, chela 1 '/2-2'/3 times as long as 

as carpus, palm 2 /3-l '/3 times as long as carpus, carpus shorter 

than merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod 

with fingers 2 /5- 9 /io as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by more than length of dactyl, propodus 

bearing rather numerous subacute scales; maximum postorbital 

carapace length less than 20 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Calawagan River, Mindoro, 3 

miles from mouth, Mindoro; [13°25TSf, 12O°28'E]; 11 Dec 1908 

(1500); 16' seine: 1 male [15.0].—Yawa River, Legaspi,

36 

FIGURE 14.—Macrobrachium placidulum from the Philippines: a, anterior 

carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male from Zamboanga River, 

Mindanao, with carapace length of 12.7 mm; b. right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and 

propodus, of male from Yawa River, Luzon, with carapace length of 10.2 mm; 

c, same, dactyl, denuded. 

Luzon; [13°10TSf, 123°45'E]; 7 Jun 1909 (0600): 5 males 

[7.7-11.1] 1 ovig female [8.8].—Malaga River, Hinunangan 

Bay, Leyte; [10°24'N, 125°12 / E]; 30 Jul 1909: 3 males 

[12.0-13.5].—Zamboanga River, Mindanao; [6°54'N, 

122°04'E];9Oct 1909: 1 male [12.7]. 

RANGE.—This species seems not to have been recorded 

previously from the Philippines. It was known from eastern 

Indonesia from Makassar Strait to New Guinea, as well as from 

New Hanover in the Bismarck Archipelago, Palau, and Fiji. 

40. Macrobrachium placidum (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Macrobrachium) placidus De Man, 1892:483, pi. 28: fig. 46 [type 

locality: Kajutanam, north of Padang, western Sumatra]. 

Macrobrachium placidum.—Holthuis, 1950a:251, fig. 51b. 


antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly convex, rostral formula: 

5-7 + 4-6/2-4, dorsal teeth rather subequally spaced; 



spines; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long as 

carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in 

form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers not 

clothed in dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, 

fingers slightly gaping proximally, longer or shorter than palm, 

palm without any dense pubescence, chela twice as long as 

carpus, palm longer or shorter than carpus, carpus 1 'A-l '/2 as 

long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd 

pereopod with fingers longer or shorter than palm; 3rd 


pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl, 

propodus bearing numerous small spines; maximum postorbital 


RANGE.—Ryukyu Islands and western Sumatra and Java, 

Indonesia. 

REMARKS.—As noted under M. lepidactyloides, there is a 

possibility that that species may eventually prove to be 

synonymous with M. placidum. 

41. Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984 

Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984b: 143, fig. 1 [type locality: Luwang 

Jurangjero, south central Java (8°S, 111°E), about 100 m below entrance). 


antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula: 

4-5 + 5-8/1, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal 



antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with 

chela 3 /5 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length 

and similar in form, palm subcylindrical, fingers without dense 

pubescence, denticulate on opposable margins, not gaping, 1 '/3 

times as long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence, 

chela 3 times as long as carpus, palm l'/2 times as long as 

carpus, carpus more than '/2 as long as merus, without 

longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale 

by length of dactyl, propodus without numerous spines or 

scales; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 15 mm. 

RANGE.—Caves in the Pegunungan Sewu region, near the 

south coast of central Java, Indonesia. 

•42. Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) 

FIGURE 15 

Palaemon Rosenbergii De Man, 1879:167 [type locality: Andai, northwestern 

Irian Jay a]. 

P[alaemon] whitei (Gue'rin-Me'neville ms) Sharp, 1893:122 [type locality: 

Bombay]. 

Palaemon spinipes Schenkel, 1902:501, pi. 9: fig. 7 [type locality: Kema, 

Minahasa, northeastern Celebes; not P. spinipes Desmarest, 1817]. 

Palaemon d'Acqueti Sunier, 1925:cxvii [type locality: Ambon ?]. 

Palaemon carcinus.—Cowles, 1914:324, pi. 1: fig. 1 [not Cancer carcinus 

Linnaeus, 1758]. 

Macrobrachium rosenbergii.—Holthuis, 1950a: 111, fig. 25.—Kuris, Ra'anan, 

Sagi, and Cohen, 1987:219. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale or not, 

dorsal margin variably sinuous, rostral formula: 2-3 + 

9-11/8-15, dorsal teeth unequally spaced; branchiostegal 


with posterior apex overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal 

scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with chela 

less than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in 

length and similar in form, palm subcylindrical or somewhat 

compressed, movable finger clothed in dense pubescence on


FIGURE 15.—Macrohrachium rosenbergii from the Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral 

aspect, of male collected from Jaro River, Panay, by H.C. Keller (Naval Eclipse Expedition, 1929), with carapace 

length of 66.0 mm (USNM 10526); b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male from Zamboanga River, 

Mindanao, with carapace length of 81.3 mm; same, dactyl, denuded. 

proximal 3 A of length (in adults), fixed finger without 

pubescence, fingers dentate on proximal '/2 of opposable 

margins (in adults), somewhat gaping in large males, 3 /4 to 

quite as long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence, 

chela slightly to l 3 /4 times as long as carpus, palm x ji to quite 

as long as carpus, carpus slightly to nearly 1 '/2 times as long as 

merus, with indistinct longitudinal groove; 3rd pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by less than length of dactyl, 

propodus bearing rather numerous spines or sharp scales; 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Zamboanga River, Mindanao; 

[6°54'N, 122°04'E]; 9 Oct 1909: 1 male [81.3]. 

RANGE.—India to southern China, Philippines, Indonesia, 

and northern Australia, in fresh, brackish, and sometimes salt 

water; widely introduced elsewhere throughout the tropical and 

subtropical parts of the world in propagation operations. 

REMARKS.—Although Johnson (1973) made a fairly convincing 

case for the recognition of at least two geographic 

subspecies of M. rosenbergii, subsequent analyses of sympatric 

male morpho-types (e.g., Kuris, Ra'anan, Sagi, and Cohen, 

1987) suggest that causative factors for the variability of the 

species may be more complex than realized heretofore. The 

single large male in the Albatross collection, from the 

Zamboanga River, Mindanao, Philippines, seems to represent 

the typical variety on the basis of the characters proposed by 

Johnson, but it is apparent that far more effort must be devoted 

to the problem before a satisfactory solution is obtainable. 

43. Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862) 

Palaemon scahriculus Heller, 1862a:527 [type locality: Sri Lanka]. 

Palaemon (s.s.) dolichodactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:840, pi. 4: fig. 18 [type 

locality: Tete, Mozambique]. 

Plalaemon] dubius Henderson and Matthai, 1910:300, pi. 18: fig. 9 [type 

locality: Chingleput District, SE. India]. 

Macrobrachium scabriculum.—Holthuis, 1950a:224. 



8-10/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal 



antennal scale with lateral margin concave; 1 st pereopod with 

chela '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and 


fingers densely pubescent at extreme proximal ends, dentate on 

opposable margins, gaping, about as long as palm, palm 

completely covered in dense pubescence (in large males), chela 

2 3 /4-3'/2 times as long as carpus, palm 1 '/3 to twice as long as 

carpus, carpus from 4 /5 to quite as long as merus, with distinct 

longitudinal groove; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1 'A-1 '/2 

times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod not overreaching antennal 

scale; maximum postorbital carapace length about 40 mm. 

RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Madagascar, India, Sri Lanka, and 

Indian Ocean coast of Sumatra.

38 

44. Macrobrachium sintangense (De Man, 1898) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) elegans De Man, 1892:440, pi. 26: fig. 36 [type 

locality: Bogor and "Sinagar," Java; not P. elegans Rathke, 1837]. 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sintangensis De Man, 1898:138, pi. 6 [type locality: 

Sintang. Kapuas River, Borneo]. 

Macrobrachium sintangense.—Holthuis, 1950a: 151. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically overreaching antennal 

scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula: 2-3 + 

7-10/2-5, dorsal teeth unequally or subequally spaced; 




concave; 1st pereopod with chela ! /2 as long as carpus; 2nd 

pereopods subequally long and similar in form, palm subcylindrical, 

fingers partially clothed in dense pubescence, dentate (in 

adults) on opposable margins, not gaping, 3 /4-l'A times as 

long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence, chela 

slightly longer than carpus, palm '/2- 3 /4 as long as carpus, 

carpus lV2-l 3 /4 as long as merus, without longitudinal groove; 

3rd pereopod with propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; 

maximum postorbital carapace length 20 mm. 

RANGE.—Malaya, Thailand, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. 

45. Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950 

Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950a:220, fig. 45 [type locality: 

Bangkalan River. Pulau Salajar, Indonesia]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to level of distal end 

of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula: 

6 + 9/2, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture 



scale with lateral margin concave; 1st pereopod with chela '/2 

as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and 

dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm subcylindrical, 

fingers with proximal portions clothed in dense pubescence, 

dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, 1 '/2 times as 

long as palm, palm clothed distally in dense pubescence, bare 

proximally, chela twice as long as carpus, palm shorter than 

carpus, carpus longer than merus, with 2 deep longitudinal 

grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1 '/2 times as long as 

palm; 3rd pereopod without numerous spines or scales on 

propodus; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 20 

mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the unique holotype from Pulau 

Salajar, Indonesia. 

46. Macrobrachium trompii (De Man, 1898) 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Trompii De Man, 1898:144, pi. 7 [type locality: 

"Kapuas Basin," central Borneo]. 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) thienemanni J. Roux, 1932:570, figs. a,b [type 

locality: Sungai Musi, near Muarakelingi, southern Sumatra]. 

Palaemon (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus J. Roux, 1936:30 [type locality: 


Gunong Pulai Estate, Johor, Malaysia]. 

Macrobrachium trompii.—Holthuis, 1950a:211. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching as far as or slightly beyond 

level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly 

straight, rostral formula: 3-4 + 7-8/4-6, dorsal teeth 

subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly 

beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not 

overreaching posterolateral spines; 1st pereopod with chela less 

than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods nearly subequal in 

length and slightly dissimilar in form, palm somewhat 

compressed, fingers densely pubescent, dentate on opposable 

margins, not gaping, slightly shorter than palm, palm pubescent 

distally, chela l'A-l 3 /4 times as long as carpus, palm 3 A to 

quite as long as carpus, carpus slightly longer than merus, 


antennal scale by length of dactyl, propodus not profusely 

spinose or scaly; maximum postorbital carapace length about 

16 mm. 

RANGE.—Malaya, Sumatra, and Borneo. 

47. Macrobrachium weberi (De Man, 1892) 

Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Weberi De Man. 1892:421, pi. 25: fig. 33 [type 

locality: southwestern Celebes]. 

Macrobrachium weberi.—Holthuis. 1950a: 122, fig. 26—Johnson, 1973:280. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to or beyond level of 

distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin sinuous, rostral 

formula: 1-2 + 9-12/4-6, dorsal teeth unequally spaced; 


spines; telson with posterior apex not extending posteriorly 

beyond posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin 

slightly convex; 2nd pereopods unequal in length but similar in 

form, palm subcylindrical, fingers clothed in dense pubescence, 

dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, fingers '/2 as long as 

palm, palm without any dense pubescence, chela shorter than 

carpus, palm less than 2 /i as long as carpus, carpus 1 3 /4 times as 


overreaching antennal scale by less or more than length of 

dactyl, propodus bearing numerous small, appressed spines; 


RANGE.—Perhaps confined to Celebes. 

Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 

Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 195Oa:5, 9, 44 [type species, by original 

designation: Leander tenuipes Henderson, 1893:440; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with elevated basal crest; carapace 

with marginal branchiostegal spine, without branchiostegal 

suture or hepatic spine; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of 

pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, longer than 

propodus; 1st pleopod of male without appendix interna on 

endopod. 

RANGE.—South Africa, India, Burma, Philippines, Taiwan, 

eastern Pacific off Colombia, Guiana region of northeastern


South America, and West Africa from Liberia to Angola; 

littoral in marine, brackish, and freshwater habitats. 

REMARKS.—The elevated crest at the base of the rostrum, 

combined with the long, tenuous posterior pereopods, seems 

sufficient cause to grant full generic recognition to the 

Key to Species of Nematopalaemon 

subgenus Nematopalaemon, as used by Holthuis (1980:107). 

Of the five closely related species distinguished in the 

following key, only one seems to be known from the 

Philippine-Indonesian region. 

1. Rostral crest armed with 7-11 teeth N. hastatus (Aurivillius, 1898:27) 

(Eastern Atlantic from Liberia to Angola) 

Rostral crest armed with 3-6 teeth 2 

2. Rostrum armed with 7-9 ventral teeth N. schmitti (Holthuis, 1950b:97) 

(Guiana region of northeastern South America) 

Rostrum armed with 2-7 ventral teeth 3 

3. Rostrum not reaching end of antennal scale 

N. karnafuliensis (Khan, Fincham, 

and Mahmood, 1980:85, figs. 1, 2) 

(Karnafuli Estuary, Chittagong, Bangladesh) 

Rostrum distinctly overreaching antennal scale 4 

4. Sixth abdominal somite fully 3 /4 as long as carapace 

N. colombiensis (Squires and Mora, 1971:102, fig. 1) 

(Pacific coast of Colombia) 

Sixth abdominal somite no more than 2 /3 as long as carapace ... 48. N. tenuipes 

48. Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Henderson, 1893) 

Leander tenuipes Henderson, 1893:440, pi. 40: figs. 14, 15 [type localities: 

Bombay and Madras, India, and Gulf of Martaban, Burma]. 

Palaemon luzonensis Blanco, 1939b:201, pi. 1 [type locality: Aparri. northern 

Luzon]. 

Palaemon (Nematopalaemon) tenuipes.—Holthuis, 1950a:44, fig. 7. 

Nematopalaemon tenuipes.—Holthuis, 1980:108. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, rostral 

formula: 1-3 + 3 + 1/2-6; 6th abdominal somite no more than 

2 /3 as long as postorbital carapace length. 

RANGE.—South Africa, Somalia?, India, Burma, Thailand, 

Philippines, Taiwan, New Zealand?; littoral to 17 meters, 

brackish and marine. 

REMARKS.—This species is not represented in the Smithsonian 

collections. Comparison of series from the entire 

Indo-Pacific region may be needed to determine the status of N. 

colombiensis, which seems to differ from N. tenuipes chiefly in 

the proportionately longer sixth abdominal somite. 

*Palaemon Weber, 1795 

Palaemon Weber, 1795:94 [type species, designated by plenary action of the 

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Opinion 564 

(1959): Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837:368; gender: masculine]. 

Palaemon Fabricius. 1798:378. 402 [placed on Official Index of Rejected and 

Invalid Generic Names in Zoology as a junior homonym of, and a junior 

objective synonym of, Palaemon Weber, 1795, in Opinion 564 (1959) of the 

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]. 

Palaeander Holthuis, 1950a:5, 8, 55 [type species, by original designation: 

Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837:370; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum without elevated basal crest; carapace 

with branchiostegal spine and branchiostegal suture, 

without hepatic spine; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median 

process; mandible normally with palp; 3 posterior pairs of 

pereopods with dactyl simple, shorter than propodus; endopod 

of male 1st pleopod without marginal appendix, except in P. 

concinnus. 

RANGE.—Worldwide in tropical and temperate salt, brackish, 

and fresh water; usually littoral. 

REMARKS.—Recent studies of the mandibular palp in 

Palaemon (Fujino and Miyake, 1968a, and Chace, 1972a) 

indicate that that appendage is less constant than it was 

believed to be when Holthuis (1950a:55) proposed the 

subgenus Palaeander for those species of Palaemon bearing a 

two-segmented, rather than a three-segmented mandibular 

palp. That taxon is therefore not recognized herein. With 

the inclusion of the species assigned to that subgenus and 

those eliminated by the elevation of Exopalaemon and 

Nematopalaemon to distinct full genera, the genus Palaemon is 

now believed to comprise about 34 species, including a 

half-dozen described since the publication of the fine report on 

the Palaemoninae of the Siboga Expedition by Holthuis 

(1950a): P. folliirostris Phan Chuu Due, 1971, from the 

Lenkoransk area of the Caspian Sea; P. ogasawaraensis Kato 

and Takeda, 1981, from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan; P. 

okiensis (Kamita, 1951) from the Oki Gunto, Sea of Japan; P. 

paivai Filho, 1965, from Ceara, Brazil; P. rosalesi Rodriguez 

de la Cruz, 1965, from eastern Mexico; and P. yamashitai 

Fujino and Miyake, 1970, from the Yellow Sea in a depth of 26 

meters. Of that total, only the five species covered in the 

following key seem to have been recorded from the Philippines 

and/or Indonesia.

40 

Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Palaemon 


1. Only 1 tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to level of orbital 

margin 2 

Two or 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to level of orbital 

margin 4 

2. Rostrum dorsally unarmed on anterior '/3 of length; 1st pereopod with carpus less 

than twice as long as chela 52. P. semmelinkii 

Rostrum with subterminal dorsal tooth; 1st pereopod with carpus more than twice as 

long as chela 3 

3. Basal antennular segment with distolateral spine distinctly overreaching adjacent 

convex distal margin; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter branch 

more than 3 times as long as fused part; 1st pleopod of male with marginal 

appendix on endopod *49. P. concinnus 

Basal antennular segment with distolateral spine not overreaching adjacent convex 

distal margin; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter branch 

subequal in length to fused part; 1st pleopod of male with margin of endopod 

entire, without appendix *50. P. debilis 

4. Rostrum ascending anteriorly with margins tapering slightly in anterior '/2; basal 

antennular segment with distolateral spine distinctly overreaching adjacent 

convex distal margin of segment 51. P. pacificus 

Rostrum usually nearly horizontal with margins tapering to sharp apex in anterior '/2; 

basal antennular segment with distolateral spine barely, if at all, overreaching 

adjacent convex distal margin of segment 53. P. serrifer 

*49. Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852 

Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Fiji Islands]. 

Palaemon exilimanus Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Fiji Islands]. 

Leander longicarpus Stimpson, 1860:40 [type locality: Hong Kong]. 

Palaemon lagdaoensis Blanco, 1939a:167, pi. 1 [type locality: Cagayan River 

at Aparri, north coast of Luzon, Philippines]. 

Palaemon (Palaemon) concinnus.—Holthuis, 1950a:61, fig. 12. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually ascending slightly in anterior 

72, tapering gradually to subapical dorsal tooth, rostral formula 

1 + 4-7 + 1/3-7; basal antennular segment with disto-lateral 

spine distinctly overreaching adjacent convex distal margin of 

segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter 

branch 372-6 times as long as fused part; 1st pereopod with 

carpus 272-3 times as long as chela; 1st pleopod of male with 

marginal appendix on endopod;; maximum postorbital carapace 

length probably about 13 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Pucot River (near Mariveles), 

Luzon; [14°26TM, 120°29'E]; 29 Jan 1909; dynamite: 1 female 

[6.0].—Santiago River, Pagapas Bay, Luzon; [13°52 / N, 

120°39'E]; 1.2 m; mud, gravel; 20 Feb 1909 (0800); 130' seine: 

1 male [4.2].—Batangas market, Luzon; [13°45', 121°03 / E]; 6 

Jun 1908: 1 male [4.2].—"Batangas" River, Batangas, Luzon; 

[H^X 121°03TE]; 7 Jun 1908; 15' seine: 9 males [6.0-8.2) 

12 females [6.9-10.7], 2 ovig [10.2, 10.5].—Nato River, 

Lagonoy Gulf, Luzon; 13°36'N, 123°33'E]; tidewater; 18 Jun 

1909 (0630); 25' seine: 22 males [5.2-10.3] 16 females 

[6.5-11.0], 5 ovig [8.1-10.3].—Paluan River, Mindoro; 

[13 O 25TM, 120°28'E]; 4 Dec 1908; seine, 130': 1 female 

[4.8]._Naujan River, Mindoro; [13°16'N, 121°19'E]; 5 Jun 

1908: 7 males [5.0-7.5] 28 females [7.0-11.0], 2 ovig 

[7.3,8.0].—Iwahig River and tributaries at Princesa Point, 

Palawan; [9°44'N, 118°44'E]; 4 Apr 1909 (0700); dynamite: 1 

male [7.2] 1 female [7.2].—Kotkot River, Cebu; [10°26'N, 

124°00'E]; 5 Apr 1908; Paul Bartsch: 1 female [8.0].— 

Mahinog, Camiguin Island, Mindanao Sea; [9°09'N, 

124°47'E]; 3 Aug 1909; tidepools: 2 females [8.9,9.2], 1 ovig 

[8.9].—Zamboanga Canal, Mindanao; [6°54'N, 122°04'E]; 8 

Oct 1909; 25' seine: 3 females [8.2-9.2], 2 ovig [8.9, 

9.2].—Cotabato, Mindanao, small stream on south side of 

river; [7° 13^, 124°15'E];20May 1908: 12 males [3.8-6.3] 17 

females [3.9-10.2], 3 ovig [8.9-10.2], 4 juv [2.6-3.6].— 

Baganga River, Mindanao; [7°35'N, 126°33'E]; 13 May 

1908(1300): 17 males [6.0-8.7] 5 females [8.8-9.8] 34 juv 

[2.7-3.3].—Mati, Pujada Bay, Mindanao, small stream; 

[6°57'N, 126°13'E]; 15 May 1908: 1 male [7.8]. 

RANGE.—Suez to South Africa and eastward to Hong Kong, 

Philippines, Indonesia, to Marshall Islands and Tuamotu 

Archipelago; salt, brackish, and fresh water. 

*50. Palaemon debilis Dana, 1852 

Palaemon debilis Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Hawaii]. Palaemon debilis 

var. [alpha] Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Hawaii]. 

Palaemon debilis var. [beta], attenuates Dana. 1852a:26 [type locality: 

Hawaii]. 

Leander gardineri Borradaile, 1901:98 [type locality: Ekasdu, Miladummadulu 

Atoll, Maldive Islands; fresh water].


Leander beauforti J. Roux, 1923:18, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Kairatu, Ceram, 

Indonesia; brackish water]. 

Palaemon (Palaemon) debilis.—Holthuis, 1950a:66, fig. 13. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum rather strongly ascendant anteriorly, 

tapering almost imperceptibly to subapical dorsal tooth, rostral 

formula: 1 + 1-7 + 1/3-10; basal antennular segment with 

distolateral spine falling short of adjacent convex distal margin 

of segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of 

shorter branch slightly longer or shorter than fused part; 1st 

pereopod with carpus usually somewhat more than twice as 

long as chela; 1st pleopod of male without appendage on 

margin of endopod; maximum postorbital carapace length 

probably no more then 10 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. River at Hamilo Point, Luzon; 

[14°10'N, 120°34'E]; 13 Jul 1908; 12'seine: 1 male [4.5] 1 ovig 

female [6.0].—Santiago River, Pagapas Bay, Luzon; [13° 521^, 

120°39'E]; 1.2 m; mud, gravel; 20 Feb 1909 (0800); 130' seine: 

2 males [4.6, 4.9].—Bin Island, San Bernardino Strait; 

[12°40'N, 124°22'E]; sea beach; 1 Jun 1909: 2 males [4.7,5.3] 

6 females [6.3-7.3], 3 ovig [6.6-7.3],—Mahinog, Camiguin 

Island, Mindanao Sea; [9°09'N, 124°47'E]; 3 Aug 1909; 

tidepools: 2 females [8.9,9.2], 1 ovig [8.9].—Malabang River, 

Mindanao; [7°36'N, 124°04'E]; 21 May 1908 (1500); 130' 

seine: 1 male [3.2].—Jolo, Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago; 

[6°00'N, 121°00'E]; 6 Mar 1908; shore: 1 male [3.2]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to South Africa to Ryukyu Islands, 

Philippines and Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and 

eastward to Hawaii and the Tuamotu Archipelago; shallow, 

salt, brackish, and fresh water. 

51. Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson, 1860) 

Leander pacificus Stimpson, 1860:40 [type localities: Hong Kong, Hawaii, and 

Shimoda]. 

Palaemon (Palaemon) pacificus.—Holthuis, 195Oa:87, fig. 19. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually ascending slightly in anterior 

'/2, tapering gradually to subapical dorsal tooth, rostral 

formula: 2-3 + 6-8/3-5; basal antennular segment with 

distolateral spine distinctly overreaching adjacent convex distal 

margin of segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part 

of shorter branch 3'/2-4 times as long as fused part; 1st 

pereopod with carpus l'/2-l 2 /3 times as long as chela; 1st 

pleopod of male without appendage on margin of endopod; 

maximum postorbital carapace length probably little more than 

10 mm. 

RANGE.—Suez Canal and Red Sea and eastern and South 

Africa, India, Hong Kong, Japan, Indonesia, New Caledonia, 

and Hawaii; littoral. 

52. Palaemon semmelinkii (De Man, 1881) 

Leander semmelinkii De Man, 1881:137 [type locality: Makasar, Celebes]. 

Palaemon (Palaeander) semmelinkii.—Holthuis, 195Oa:57, fig. 11. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum ascending in anterior '/2, tapering 

directly to sharp apex, without subapical tooth, rostral formula: 

1 + 6-10/2-5; basal antennular segment with distolateral spine 

distinctly overreaching adjacent convex distal margin of 

segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter 

branch l'/2-2 times as long as fused part; 1st pereopod with 

carpus less than twice as long as chela; 1 st pleopod of male 

without appendix arising from margin of endopod; maximum 

postorbital carapace length probably less than 10 mm. 

RANGE.—India, Burma, Malaya, Thailand, Singapore, Philippines, 

Indonesia, and northern Australia; shallow marine, 

sometimes brackish water. 

53. Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson, 1860) 

Leander serrifer Stimpson, 1860:41 [type localities: Hong Kong and O Shima; 

littoral]. 

Leander Fagei Yu, 1930:555, 561, fig. 2 [type locality: Shandong Peninsula]. 

Leander serrifer var. longidactylus Yu, 1930:555, 570, fig. 4B'C [type 

localities: "Yangmatoa," Peitaiho, "Tangkou," and Yent'ai (Chefoo), 

China]. 

Palaemon (Palaemon) serrifer.—Holthuis, 1950a:83, fig. 18. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum often nearly horizontal, sometimes 

ascending in anterior '/2, often tapering directly to acute apex, 

rostral formula: 2-3 + 7-13/3-5; basal antennular segment 

with distolateral spine barely, if at all, overreaching adjacent 

convex distal margin of segment; dorsal antennular flagellum 

with free part of shorter branch 3 times as long as fused part; 1st 

pereopod with carpus about l'/2 times as long as chela; 1st 

pleopod of male without appendix arising from margin of 

endopod; maximum postorbital carapace length probably about 

10 mm. 

RANGE.—India. Burma, Thailand, Taiwan, China, Korea, 

Vladivostok, and Japan and Indonesia and northern Australia; 

littoral marine waters. 

* Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915 

Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, by monotypy: Urocaridella 

gracilis Borradaile. 1915:210 (= Leander urocaridella Holthuis, 195Oa:6, 

28); gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum armed with 2 strong basal teeth 

elevated into semblance of crest; carapace with strong median 

tooth at about mid-length of dorsal surface, with submarginal 

branchiostegal spine, without hepatic spine or branchiostegal 

suture; mandible with or without palp; 3 posterior pairs of 

pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter than 

propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod with marginal 

appendix. 

RANGE.—Maldive Islands, India, Andaman Islands, Mergui 

Archipelago, Indonesia, Japan, Palau Islands; sublittoral to 130 

meters. 

REMARKS.—The proposed re-establishment of the genus 

Urocaridella for U. urocaridella—which was transferred to

42 

Leander by Holthuis (1950a)—and the similar-looking Periclimenes 

antonbrunii—which differs most significantly from 

U. urocardella in the absence of a mandibular palp—was 

suggested by the discovery in the Albatross collections of an 

apparently undescribed species with a vestigial mandibular 

palp that otherwise appears to be closely related to P. 

antonbrunii. This attempt to give greater weight to the 

configuration of the carapace and rostrum than to the usually 

more stable mandibular palp may prove to be premature. Some 

2. 

Key to Species of Urocaridella 


of our colleagues may contend that U. urocaridella differs from 

the other two species in characters other than the presence of a 

well-developed mandibular palp, such as a narrowly triangular 

endpiece on the telson, more robust third maxilliped, and 

different proportionate lengths of the segments of the pereopods. 

It seems to us, however, that the proposal may be 

defended as a possibly valid rearrangement of generic 

characters that requires the involvement of no previously 

unknown genera. 

Telson terminating posteriorly in narrowly triangular endpiece; mandible with 

well-developed 2-segmented palp; 1st pereopod with fingers longer than palm, 

chela more than twice as long as carpus; 2nd pereopod with fingers considerably 

longer than palm, palm longer than carpus; 3rd pereopod with propodus less than 

3 times as long as dactyl; 4th and 5th pereopods with propodus less than 4 times 

as long as dactyl 54. U. urocaridella 

Telson with posterior margin rather simply triangular without narrow endpiece; 

mandible with vestige of palp or none at all; 1st pereopod with fingers subequal to 

palm in length, chela much shorter than carpus; 2nd pereopod with fingers more 

or less subequal to palm in length, palm no longer than carpus; 3rd pereopod with 

propodus at least 4 times as long as dactyl; 4th pereopod with propodus more than 

4 times as long as dactyl; 5th pereopod with propodus more than 5 times as long 

as dactyl 2 

Branchiostegal spine removed from margin by at least twice length of spine; 3rd 

abdominal somite with nearly subrectangular dorsal profile; 5th abdominal 

pleuron rounded posteroventrally; mandible without trace of palp 

U. antonbrunii (Bruce, 1967a:45) 

(Comoro Islands, Japan, Great Barrier 

Reef, and Palau Islands [USNM]) 

Branchiostegal spine removed from margin by no more than length of spine; 3rd 

abdominal somite with moderately convex (not nearly subrectangular) dorsal 

profile; 5th abdominal pleuron strongly acute posteroventrally; mandible with 

vestigial palp *55. U. vestigialis, new species 

54. Urocaridella urocaridella (Holthuis, 1950) 

FIGURE 16 

Urocaridella gracilis Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Maldive Islands]; 

1917:352, pi. 53: fig. 2.—Bruce, 1990a:150. 

Leander urocaridella Holthuis, 1950a:6. 28 [new name for secondary junior 

homonym Leander gracilis (Borradaile)]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with apex of branchiostegal spine 

reaching nearly or quite as far as margin; 3rd abdominal somite 

with dorsal profile nearly subrectangular, 5th abdominal 

pleuron with small acute tooth at posteroventral angle; telson 

terminating posteriorly in narrowly triangular endpiece; anten- 

nal scale about 4 times as long as wide; mandible with 

well-developed 2-segmented palp; 1st pereopod with fingers 

1V2 times as long as palm, chela more than twice as long as 

carpus; 2nd pereopod with fingers l 2 /3 times as long as palm, 

palm distinctly longer than carpus; 3rd pereopod with propodus 

2 3 A times as long as dactyl; 4th pereopod with propodus 3'A 

times as long as dactyl; 5th pereopod with propodus 3 2 /3 times 

as long as dactyl; maximum postorbital carapace length 

probably about 5 mm. 

RANGE.—Maldive Islands, northeastern India, Andaman 

Islands, Mergui Archipelago, Indonesia, and New Caledonia; 

littoral to 130 maters.


FIGURE 16.—Urocaridella urocaridella, ovigerous female from Port Blair, Andaman Islands, carapace length 4.7 

mm (USNM 54164): a, carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b, abdomen, lateral aspect; c, tail fan; 

d, posterior end of telson; e, distolateral angle of left uropod;/, right antennule, dorsal aspect; g. right antenna, 

ventral aspect; h. right mandible; i, same, palp;;', right 1st maxilla; k, left 2nd maxilla; /, right 1st maxilliped; m, 

right 2nd maxilliped; n, left left 3rd maxilliped; o, right 1 st pereopod; p, same, chela; q. left 2nd pereopod; r, same, 

fingers; s, right 3rd pereopod; t, same, dactyl; u, right 4th pereopod; v, same, dactyl; w, right 5th pereopod; x, 

same, dactyl.

44 


FIGURE 17.—Urocaridella vestigialis, new species, female holotype from Albatross sta 5642 (Selat Butung, 

Celebes), carapace length 6.4 mm: a, carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b, abdomen, lateral aspect; 

c, tail fan; d, posterior end of telson; e, distolateral angle of left uropod;/, right antennule, dorsal aspect; g, right 

antenna, ventral aspect; h, right mandible; i, same, palp;), left mandible; k, same, palp; /, right 1st maxilla; m, right 

2nd maxilla; n, right 1 st maxilliped; o, right 2nd maxilliped; p. right 3rd maxilliped; q, right 1 st pereopod; r, same, 

chela; s, right 2nd pereopod; t. same, fingers; u, right 3rd pereopod; v, same, dactyl; w, right 4th pereopod; x, 

same, dactyl; y. right 5th pereopod; z, same, dactyl.


*55. Urocaridella vestigialis, new species 

FIGURE 17 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with apex of branchiostegal spine 

removed from margin by about length of spine (Figure 17a); 

3rd abdominal somite with moderately convex dorsal profile 

(Figure \7b); 5th abdominal pleuron sharply acute at posteroventral 

angle (Figure 17 b); telson with posterior margin acutely 

triangular but without distinct endpiece (Figure \7d); antennal 

scale fully 3 times as long as wide (Figure 17g); mandibles with 

vestigial, socketed palps, better formed on right side than left 

(Figure \7h-j); 1st pereopod with fingers about as long as palm 

(Figure 17r), chela shorter than carpus (Figure \7q); 2nd 

pereopod with fingers about as long as palm (Figure 175), palm 

shorter than carpus (Figure 17s); 3rd pereopod with propodus 4 

times as long as dactyl (Figure 17M); 4th pereopod with 

propodus 4*/2 times as long as dactyl (Figure 17w); 5th 

pereopod with propodus more than 5 times as long as dactyl 

(Figure 17y); postorbital carapace length of female 6.4 mm. 

MATERIAL.—INDONESIA. Selat Butung, Celebes: sta 

5642; 4° 31'40"S, 122°49'42"E; 68 m; gray mud; 14 Dec 1909 

(1100-1117); 12' Agassiz beam trawl: 1 female [6.4], holotype 

(USNM 252657). 

TYPE LOCALITY.—Same as above. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality. 

REMARKS.—As indicated in the key, both U. antonbrunii 

and U. vestigialis differ from the type species, U. urocaridella, 

in lacking a narrowly triangular posterior endpiece on the 

telson; in lacking a well-developed palp on the mandible; in 

having the fingers of the first pereopod about as long as, rather 

than longer than, the palm, and the chela shorter than, rather 

than twice as long as the carpus; in having the fingers of the 

second pereopod about as long as, rather than distinctly longer 

than the palm, and the palm no longer than the carpus; and in 

having the propodus of the walking legs less than four, rather 

than four to to more than five times as long as the dactyl. 

Urocaridella vestigialis differs from U. antonbrunii in having 

the branchiostegal spine less far removed from the carapace 

margin; in having the dorsal profile of the third abdominal 

somite simply convex rather than subrectangular; in having the 

pleuron of the fifth abdominal somite sharply acute rather than 

rounded posteroventrally; and in having the mandibular palp 

vestigial rather than completely absent. 

ETYMOLOGY.—Derived from the Latin vestigium (trace or 

vestige), in reference to the vestigial mandibular palp. 

Pontoniinae Kingsley, 1878:64. 

•PONTONIINAE Kingsley, 1878 

DIAGNOSIS.—Telson typically armed with 3 pairs of 

posterior spines. 

RANGE.—All tropical and subtropical, occasionally temperate, 

seas, especially on tropical reefs, often in association with 

other reef organisms; littoral to 1820 meters. 

REMARKS.—Although only about half of the more than 60 

currently recognized pontoniine genera are here reported from 

the Philippine-Indonesian region, that apparent representation 

is certain to increase as the rich coral-reef fauna of the area is 

further investigated; several of the genera not yet known from 

the region occur in neighboring waters, especially in the Indian 

Ocean and on the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. For that 

reason, we have rashly attempted the following checklist of all 

of the genera and species and key to all of the genera known at 

least through 1989 in the hope that they may be helpful to the 

study of an incompletely known area and that the subsequent 

correction of their shortcomings may eventually produce a 

better product than might otherwise be probable. 

Checklist of Genera and Species of Pontoniinae 

Valid genus- and species-group names (boldface italics) 

Synonyms and species inquirendae (italics) 

Type localities (roman) 

ALCIOPE Rafinesque, 1814:24 

Type species: Alciope heterochelus 

= Pontonia 

Alciope heterochelus Rafinesque, 1814:24 

Sicily 

= Pontonia flavomaculata 

Allopontonia Bruce, 1972a:l 

Type species: Allopontonia iaini 

Allopontonia iaini Bruce, 1972a:7, figs. 1-4 

Zanzibar Harbor; 6°09.5'S, 39°10.2'E; 20 m, on 

echinoid, Salmacis 

Alpheus amethystea—See Periclimenes amethysteus 

Alpheus scriptus—See Periclimenes scriptus 

Alpheus Tyrhenus Risso, 1816:94, pi. 2 

Nice, France 

= Pontonia pinnophylax 

AUOPONTOMA Bruce, 1990a: 191 

Type species: AUopontonia disparostris 

AUopontonia disparostris Bruce, 1990a: 192, figs. 26- 

33 

Off New Caledonia; 23°03,167°19'E; 503 m 

Amphipalaemon Gasti—See Balssia gasti 

AMPHIPONTONIA Bruce, 1991b:381 

Type species: Amphipontonia kanak 

Amphipontonia kanak Bruce, 1991b:382, figs. 58-63 

Loyalty Islands 

ANAPONTONIA Bruce, 1966a:584, 596 

Type species: Anapontonia denticauda 

56. Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966a:597, figs. 1-4 

Pange Reef, Zanzibar; on scleractinian, Galaxea 

Anchista tenuipes Holmes, 1900:216 [not PalaemoneUa 

tenuipes Dana, 1852] 

Santa Catalina Island, California 

= PalaemoneUa holmesi

46 

ANCHISTIA Dana, 1852a: 17 

Type species: Anchistia gracilis 

= PERICUMESES 

Anchistia aesopia—See Periclimenes aesopius 

Anchistia amboinensis—See Periclimenes amboinensis 

Anchistia americana—See Periclimenes americanus 

Anchistia aurantiaca Dana, 1852a:25 

Fiji Islands 

= Anchistus custos 

Anchistia brachiata Stimpson, 1860:39 

Bonin Islands 


Anchistia Brockii—See Periclimenes brockii 

Anchistia Edwardsii—See Periclimenes edwardsii 

Anch[istia] elegans—See Periclimenes elegans 

Anchistia ensifrons—See Periclimenes ensifrons 

Anchistia gracilis—See Periclimenes gracilis 

Anchistia grandis—See Periclimenes grandis 

Anchistia inaequimana Heller, 1861:28 

Egypt 

= Periclimenes petitthouarsii 

Anchistia Kornii—See Periclimenes kornii 

Anchistia longimana—See Periclimenes longimanus 

Anchistia spinigera—See Harpiliopsis spinigera 

Anchistia tenella—See Periclimenes tenellus 

* ANCHISTUS Borradaile, 1898a:387 

Type species: Harpilius Miersi 

TRIDACNOCARIS 

MARYGRANDE 

ENSIGER 

57. Anchistus australis forma typica Bruce, 1977a:56, figs. 

7-9 

"Capre Cay," Swain Reefs, Great Barrier Reef, 

Australia; in bivalve mollusk, Tridacna whitleyi (= 

T. maxima) 

Anchistus australis forma dendricauda Bruce, 

1977a:62, fig. 10 

"West Cay," Diamond Islets, Australia; in bivalve 

mollusk, Tridacna squamosa 

Anchistus biunguiculatus Borradaile, 1898:387 

Tubetube, Engineer Group, Papua; in bivalve mollusk, 

Tridacna 

= Paranchistus armatus 

58. Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977a:50, figs. 4-6 

"N.W. end Gillett Cay, Queensland. 21°43'S 152°25'E 

in bivalve mollusk Atrina vexiilum. Stn 1" (teste, 

Roger Springthorpe) 

59. Anchistus custos (Forskal, 1775) 

Cancer custos Forskal, 1775:xxi, 94 

Al Luhayyah, Yemen 

Pontonia inflata 

Anchistia aurantiaca 

Harpilius inermis 

Pontonia pinna Ortmann 


60. Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922:256, figs. 86-88 

Aberdeen, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; from bivalve 

mollusk, Tridacna at low tide 

Anchistus gravieri Kemp, 1922:252, figs. 82-84 

Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Islands 

*61. Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888) 

Harpilius Miersi De Man, 1888a:274, pi. 17: figs. 6-10 

Elphinstone Island, Mergui Archipelago, Burma 

Anchistus mirabilis (Pesta, 1911) 

Marygrande mirabilis Pesta, 1911:571, figs. 1-5 

Samoa 


Anchistus misakiensis Yokoya, 1936:136, fig. 5 

Misaki, Shikoku, Japan; in bivalve mollusc, Amusium 

japonicum 

= Anchistus pectinis 

Anchistus oshimai Kubo, 1949:26, figs. 1, 2 

Palau Islands 

= Paranchistus armatus 

Anchistus pectinis Kemp, 1925:327, figs. 19, 20 

Octavia Bay, Nancowry Harbor, Nicobar Islands; in 

bivalve mollusk, Pecten 

ANCYLOCARIS Schenkel, 1902:563 

Type species: Ancylocaris brevicarpalis 

= PERICLIMENES 

Ancylocaris brevicarpalis—See Periclimenes brevicarpalis 

APOPONTONIA Bruce, 1976a: 301 

Type species: Apopontonia falcirostris 

Apopontonia dubia Bruce, 1981a:225, figs. 1-3 

Shag Rock, east of North Stradbroke Island, Queensland, 

Australia; 27°25'S, 153°32'E; 20 m, in 

sponge, Ircinia 

Apopontonia falcirostris Bruce, 1976a:303, figs. 1-5 

Northwest coast of Madagascar; 12°44.5'S, 48°25.2'E; 

73 m 

Apopontonia tride titata Bruce, 1988b: 1270, figs. 4-7 

Northwest Shelf of Australia, 19°41.9'S, 17°57.15'E; 

54 m 

ARAIOPONTONIA Fujino and Miyake, 1970a:l 

Type species: Araiopontonia odontorhyncha 

Araiopontonia odontorhyncha Fujino and Miyake, 

1970a:2, figs. 1-4 

Koniya, Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan 

BALSSIA Kemp, 1922:267 

Type species: Amphipalaemon Gasti 

Balssia gasti (Balss, 1921) 

Amphipalaemon Gasti Balss, 1921a:524, figs. 1-8 

Golfo di Napoli; on Corallium rubrum 

Brachycarpus audouini Bate, 1888:798, pi. 129: fig. 5 

Cook Strait, New Zealand 

= Periclimenes yaldwyni 

Cancer custos—See Anchistus custos 

CARINOPONTONIA Bruce, 1988b: 1263


Type species: Carinopontonia paucipes 

Carinopontonia paucipes Bruce, 1988b: 1264, figs. 1-3 

Northwest Shelf, Australia; 83 m 

CAVICHELES Holthuis, 1952c:204 

Type species: Cavicheles kempi 

= JOCASTE 

Cavicheles kempi Holthuis, 1952c: 17, 205, figs. 99-101 

Ternate, Indonesia; 4 m 

?= Jocaste japonica 

CHACELLA Bruce, 1986b:485 

TVpe species: Dasycaris kerstitchi 

Chacella kerstitchi (Wicksten, 1983) 

Dasycaris kerstitchi Wicksten, 1983:6, 16, fig. 2 

Punta Doble, San Carlos, Sonora, Mexico; 30 m 

CHERNOCARIS Johnson, 1967:500 

Type species: Chernocaris placunae 

62. Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967:500, figs. 1-12 

Singapore; in bivalve mollusk Placuna placenta 

*CONCHODYTES Peters, 1852:588, 591 

Type species: Conchodytes tridacnae 

63. Conchodytes kempi Brucei, 1989:183, fig. 3b-e 

Andaman Islands; in bivalve mollusk, Pinna bicolor 

*64. Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989:182, figs. 1-6 

Northeast Shelf west of Cape Leveque, Western 

Australia; 40 m, in pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima 

65. Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852:594 

Type locality: Ibo, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique 

66. Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952c:2OO, figs. 

96-98 

Southern Taiwan (in bivalve mollusk, Pinna), Timor, 

and Ambon 

*67. Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844) 

Hymenocera niponensis De Haan, 1844: pi. 46: fig. 8 

[corrected to H. nipponensis by plenary powers of 

thelCZN, 1956] 

Japan 

Pontonia biunguiculata 

68. Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852:594 

Ibo, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique 

*CORALLIOCARIS Stimpson, 1860:38 

Replacement name for OEDIPUS Dana, 1852 [not 

Berthold, 1827, Tschudi, 1838, or Lesson, 1840] 

OEDIPUS Dana 

Coralliocaris Agassizi—See Coutierea agassizi 

Coralliocahs atlantica—See Periclimenaeus at Ian tic us 

Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica—See Onycocaris 

aualitica 

Coralliocaris brevirostris Borradaile, 1898:386 

Tuvalu 

Coralliocaris Camerani Nobili, 1901:3 

= Pontonia margarita 

*69. Coralliocaris graminea (Dana, 1852) 

OEdipus gramineus Dana, 1852a:25 

Fiji Islands 

Coralliocaris inaequalis 

Coralliocaris hecate—See Periclimenaeus hecate 

Coralliocaris inaequalis Ortmann, 1890:510, pi. 36: 

fig. 21 

Kagoshima, Japan, and Samoa 

= Coralliocaris graminea 

Coralliocaris lamellirostris Stimpson, 1860:38 

Ryukyu Islands; among corals in 4 m 

?= Jocaste lucina 

Cforalliocaris] lucina—See Jocaste lucina 

Coralliocaris macrophthalma (H. Milne Ewards, 1837) 

PfontoniaJ macrophthalma H. Milne Edwards, 

1837:359 

Seas of Asia 

Coralliocaris nudirostris (Heller, 1861) 

O[edipus] nudirostris Heller, 1861:27 

Red Sea 

Coralliocaris tahitoei 

Coralliocaris pavonae Bruce, 1972b:77, figs. 8-11 

Fringing reef at Singatoka, Viti Levu, Fiji; from coral, 

Pavona 

Coralliocaris taiwanensis 

Coralliocaris pearsei—See Periclimenaeus pearsei 

Coralliocaris quadridentata—See Periclimenaeus 

quadridentatus 

Coralliocaris rathbuni Borradaile, 1917:385 

Replacement name for Coralliocaris quadridentata 

= Periclimenaeus tridentatus 

Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) rhodope—See Periclimenaeus 

rhodope 

*70. Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852) 

OEdipus superbus Dana, 1852a:25 

Tongatapu Island, Tonga Islands 

Oed[ipus] dentirostris 

Coralliocaris superba var. japonica—See Jocaste 

japonica 

Coralliocaris tahitoei Boone, 1935:180, fig. 12, pi. 49 

Pointe Venus reef, Tahiti 

= Coralliocaris nudirostris 

Coralliocaris taiwanensis Fujino and Miyake, 1972:92, 

figs. 1-3 

"Hemgchuen, Shiangtiau Bay," southern Taiwan; 2-5 

m, in branching coral 

= Coralliocaris pavonae 

Coralliocaris? tridentata—See Periclimenaeus tridentatus 

Coralliocaris truncatus—See Periclimenaeus truncatus 

71. Coralliocaris venusta Kemp, 1922:274, figs. 100, 101 

"N.E. Tholayiram Paar," Gulf of Mannar, India; on 

madrepore coral 

72. Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974a:222, fig. 1A, B 

Seaward reefs of Mombasa Island, Kenya 

Coralliocaris wilsoni—See Periclimenaeus wilsoni

48 

Corallocaris perlatus—See Periclimenaeus perlatus 

CORNIGER Borradaile, 1915:207 [not Agassiz, 1831, or 

Boehm, 1879] 

= PERICUMENES 

COUTIEREA Nobili, 1901b:4 

TVpe species: Coralliocahs Agassizi 

Coutierea agassizi (Coutiere, 1901) 

Coralliocaris Agassizi Coutiere, 1901:115 

Off Barbados; 172 m 

CRISTIGER Borradaile, 1915:207 [not Gistel, 1848] 

Type species: Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis 

= PERICUMENES 

CTENOPONTONIA Bruce, 1979a:423 

Type species: Ctenopontonia cyphastreophila 

Ctenopontonia cyphastreophila Bruce, 1979a:425, figs. 

1-6 

Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands; 9-27 m, on faviid 

coral, Cyphastrea 

CUAPETES Clark, 1919:199 

Replacement name for FALCIGER Borradaile 

= PERICUMENES 

*DASEUA Lebour, 1945:279. 

Replacement name for DASIA Lebour, 1939 [not Gray, 

1839, nor Van der Goot, 1918] 

Type species: Dasia herdmaniae 

DASIA Lebour 

Dasella ansoni Bruce, 1983a:22, figs. 1-5 

Arafura Sea; in tunicate, Phallusia 

Dasella brucei Berggren, 1990:558 

Heron Island, Queensland, Australia; 15 m, in 

tunicate, Herdmannia 

*73. DaseUa herdmaniae (Lebour, 1939) 

Dasia herdmaniae Lebour, 1939:650, pi. 1 

Tbticorin, Gulf of Mannar, India; in tunicate, Herdmania 

DASIA Lebour, 1939:650 

Type species: Dasia herdmaniae 

= DASELLA 

Dasia herdmaniae—See Dasella herdmaniae 

DASYCARIS Kemp, 1922:240 

Type species: Dasycaris symbiotes 

DASYGIUS 

74. Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952c: 176, figs. 87, 88 

Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 2°25'S, 1 WAVE; 50-0 m 

Dasycaris doederleini (Balss, 1924) 

Dasygius doederleini Balss, 1924:49, fig. 2 

Zushi, Sagami Nada, Honshu, Japan; 130 m 

Dasycaris kerstitchi—See ChaceUa kerstitchi 

Dasycaris symbiotes Kemp, 1922:240, figs. 76, 77, pi. 9 

Off east coast of India and Mergui Archipelago; 

27-64 m 

Dasycaris zanzibarica Bruce, 1973a:247, figs. 1 -6 

Chango Island, Zanzibar, 6°06.2'S, 39°08.9'E; on 

antipatharian, Cirripathes 


DASYGIUS Balss, 1924:48 

Erroneous name for DASYCARIS 

Dasygius doederleini—See Dasycaris doederleini 

DENNISIA Norman, 1861:278 

Type species: Dennisia sagittifera 

- PERICUMENES 

Dennisia sagittifera Norman, 1861:278, pi. 13: figs. 

8-13 

?= Periclimenes sagittifer 

ENSIGER Borradaile, 1915:207 

Type species: Anchistia aurantiaca 

= ANCHISTUS 

DlAPONTONIA Bruce, 1986c: 125 

Type species: Diapontonia maranulus 

Diapontonia maranulus Bruce. 1986c: 126, figs. 1-5 

Off Wood Cay, West End. Grand Bahama Island: 

26°42.55'N, 79°OI.72'W; 244-309 m. associated 

with asterostomatid echinoid, Palaeopneustes tholoformis 

EPIPONTONIA Bruce, I977b:3()4 

Type species: Epipontonia spongicola 

Epipontonia anceps Bruce, 1983b: 19, figs. I-10 

Queensland, Australia; in sponge, Dysidea 

Epipontonia spongicola Bruce, I977b:3()8, figs. 1-5 

Wasini Channel. Kenya; 4°39.4'S. 39°22.2'E; 11 m. in 

sponge, Reniera 

EUPONTONIA Bruce, I971a:225 

Type species: Eupontonia noctalbata 

Eupontonia noctalbata Bruce, 1971a:227, figs. 1-5 

Anse Etoile, Mahe, Seychelles, O4°35'12"S, 

55°27'48"E; reef flats 

EXOPONTONIA Bruce, 1988a: 122 

Type species: Exopontonia malleatrix 

Exopontonia malleatrix Bruce, 1988a: 123, figs. 1-5 

Ashmore Reef, Timor Sea, 12°16'S, 123°O2'E; intertidal 

FALCIGER Borradaile, 1915:207 [not Say, 1824; Buchholz, 

1869, or Trouessart and Magnin, 1883] 

Type species: Periclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis 


FENNERA Holthuis, 195la: 10, 171 

Type species: Fennera chacei 

Fennera chacei Holthuis, 195la: 171, pi. 54 

Bay of South Island, Islas Secas, Panama; shallow 

water, on scleractinian, Porites 

HAMIGER Borradaile, 1916:87 

Type species: Periclimenes (Hamiger) novaezealandiae 

Hamiger novaezealandiae (Borradaile, 1916) 

Periclimenes (Hamiger) novae-zealandiae Borradaile, 

1916:87, fig. 4 

Seven miles [ 11.2 km] E of North Cape, New Zealand; 

128 m 

HAMODACTYLOWES Fujino, 1973a: 171


TVpe species: Hamodactylus incompletus 

Hamodactyloides incompletus (Holthuis, 1958) 

Hamodactylus incompletus Holthuis, 1958:11, fig. 4 

Shanm ash Shaykh, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt 

Hamodactyloides ishigakiensis Fujino, 1973a: 174, figs. 

1-3 

Kabira Bay, Ishigaki-shima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan; 1 

m, coral reef 

= Hamodactyloides incompletus 

HAMODACTYLUS Holthuis, 1952c:6, 18, 208 

Type species: Hamodactylus boschmai 

Hamodactylus aqabai Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:26, 

figs. 10-14 

Aqaba, Jordan; 6 m, on alcyonacean, Litophyton 

75. Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952c:2O9, figs. 

102-104 

Ternate, off Halmahera, and Djedan, Kepulauan Am, 

Indonesia; 2-13 m 

Hamodactylus incompletus—See Hamodactyloides 

incompletus 

76. Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970a:539, fig. 2 

Between lie aux Canards and Hot Mattre, Noumea, 

New Caledonia; 25 m, on gorgonian 

HAMOPONTOMA Bruce, 197Ob:37 

Type species: Hamopontonia corallicola 

11. Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970b:41, figs. 1-4 

"Kat O Chau, Mirs Bay," New Territories, Hong 

Kong; 22°32.1'N, 114°17.95'E; about 1 m, on 

massive coral, Goniopora 

Hamopontonia essingtoni Bruce, 1986d:158, figs. 11- 

14, 15D-G 

Coral Bay, Port Essington, Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem 

Land, Northern Australia; 11°11.05'S, 

132°03.4'E; 6 m, associated with scleractinian, 

Stylophora pistillata 

* HARPILIOPSIS Borradaile, 1917:324, 329-334, 336- 

338, 341-343, 347-351, 379, 395 

Type species: Palaemon Beaupresii 

*78. Harpitiopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1826) 

Palaemon Beaupresii Audouin, 1826:91 

Type locality: Egypt 

Pontonia (Harpilius) dentata 

*79. Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson, 1860) 

Harpilius depressus Stimpson, 1860:38 

Hawaii; among madreporarians 

Periclimenes pusillus 

•80. Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890) 

Anchistia spinigera Ortmann, 1890:511, pi. 36: fig. 23 

Samoa 

Harpilius depressus var. gracilis 

HARPILIUS Dana, 1852a: 17 

Type species: Harpilius lutescens 


Harpilius consobrinus De Man, 1902:836, pi. 26: fig. 54 

Ternate, Indonesia 

= Periclimenes consobrinus 

Harpilius depressus—See Harpiliopsis depressa 

Harpilius depressus var. gracilis Kemp, 1922:234, fig. 

71 


= Harpiliopsis spinigera 

Harpilius Gerlachei—See Philarius gerlachei 

Harpilius gracilis—See Harpilius depressus var. gracilis 

Harpilius impehalis—See Philarius imperialis 

Harpilius inermis Miers, 1884:291, pi. 32: fig. B 

Port Molle, Queensland, Australia; from coral reef in 

bivalve mollusk, Pinna 


Harpilius latirostris Lenz, 1905:380, pi. 47: fig. 14 

Mkokotoni and Bawi, Zanzibar 

= Periclimenes brevicarpalis 

Harpilius lutescens—See Periclimenes lutescens 

Harpilius Miersi—See Anchistus miersi 

Harpilius spinuliferus Miers, 1884:291, pi. 32: fig. B 

Port Molle, Queensland, Australia; in bivalve mollusk. 

Pinna 


Hymenocera niponensis—See Conchodytes nipponensis 

ISCHNOPONTONIA Bruce, 1966a:584 

Type species: Philarius lophos 

81. Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard, 1962) 

Philarius lophos Barnard, 1962:242, fig. 2 

Ilha da Inhaca, Baia de Lourenco Marques, Mozambique 

ISOPONTONIA Bruce, 1982a:54 

Type species: Isopontonia platycheles 

Isopontonia platycheles Bruce, 1982a:55, figs. 1-5 

"North Cay," Hot du Passage, lies Chesterfield; 

^^.O'S, \5%°n.0'E; seaward reef slope, 15 m 

*JOCASTE Holthuis, 1952c:17, 192 

Type species: Coralliocaris lucina 

CAVICHELES 

82. Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890) 

Coralliocaris superba var. japonica Ortmann, 

1890:509, pi. 36: fig. 22 

ICavicheles kempi 

Kagoshima, Japan 

*83. Jocaste lucina (Nobili, 1901) 

C[oralliocaris] lucina Nobi 1 i, 1901 c: 5 

Eritrea 

ICoralliocaris lamellirostris 

LAOMENES Clark, 1919:199 

Replacement name for CORNIGER Borradaile 


LlPKEBE Chace, 1969:263 

Type species: Lipkebe holthuisi

50 

Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969:263, figs. 8, 9 

Gulf of Mexico west-northwest of Dry Tortugas, 

Florida; 25°13'N,83 O 55 / W; 119 m 

MARYGRANDE Pesta, 1911:571 

Type species: Marygrande mirabilis 

= ANCHISTUS 

Marygrande mirabilis—See Anchistus mirabilis 

MESOPONTONIA Bruce, 1967a: 13 

Type species: Mesopontonia gorgoniophila 

84. Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967a: 13, figs. 

5-9 

ESE of Hong Kong; 21°47.7'N, 116°28.5'E; 117-132 

m; on gorgonian 

Mesopontonia gracilicarpus Bruce, 1990a:202, figs. 

34-37, 39, 1 m 

New Caledonia; 22°56,167° 147*; 398-410 m 

Mesopontonia monodactylus Bruce, 1991b:392, figs. 

65-69 

Off Ouvea, Loyalty Islands, 20°35'S, 166°54'E; 460 m 

METAPONTONIA Bruce, 1967a:24 

Type species: Metapontonia fungiacola 

Metapontonia fungiacola Bruce, 1967a:24, figs. 10-12 

Pamanzi Reef, He de Mayotte, Comoro Islands; on the 

madrepore coral, Fungia 

MIOPONTONIA Bruce, 1985a; 167 

Type species: Miopontonia yongei 

Miopontonia yongei Bruce, 1985a: 168, figs. 1-5 

Australian Northwest Shelf; 19°04.3'S, 118°15.5'E; 

80 m 

NEOANCHISTUS BRUCE, 1975a: 149 

Type species: Neoanchistus cardiodytes 

Neoanchistus cardiodytes Bruce, 1975a: 151, figs. 1-6 

"Nosy Be," Madagascar 

Neoanchistus nasalis Holthuis, 1986:264, figs. 1, 2 

Raysut, southern Oman; in scallop, Chlamys townsendi 

NEOPONTONIDES Holthuis, 1951 a: 11, 189 

Type species: Periclimenes beaufortensis 

Neopontonides beaufortensis (Borradaile, 1920) 

Periclimenes beaufortensis Borradaile, 1920:132 

Beaufort, North Carolina; on "sea feathers" 

Neopontonides chacei Heard, 1986:472, figs, la, 2, 3, 

4B-D 

Reef just south of Marigot Bay, St. Lucia Island, West 

Indies; 4-6 m 

Neopontonides dentiger Holthuis, 1951a:193, pi. 61 

Cabo de San Francisco, Ecuador 

Neopontonides principis—See Pseudopontonides principis 

NOTOPONTONIA Bruce, 1991c:607 

Type species: Notopontonia platycheles 

Notopontonia platycheUs Bruce, 1991c:608, figs. 1-6 

Northwest of Robe, South Australia, 36°53'S, 

139°53'E;64m 


OEDIPUS Dana, 1852a: 17 

Type species: Oedipus superbus 

= CORALLIOCARIS 

Oed[ipus] dentirostris Paulson, 1875:112, pi. 14: fig. 7 

Red Sea 

= Coralliocaris superba 

OEdipus gramineus—See Coralliocaris graminea 

O[Edipus] nudirostris—See Coralliocaris nudirostris 

OEdipus superbus—See Coralliocaris superba 

ONYCOCARIDELLA Bruce, 1981b:241 

Type species: Onycocaridella prima 

Onycocaridella monodoa (Fujino and Miyake, 1969) 

Onycocaris monodoa Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:405, 

figs. 1-5 

Type locality: Kasari Saki, Amami O Shima, Ryukyu 

Islands, Japan; 1 m 

Onycocaridella prima Bruce, 1981b:243, figs. 1-6 

Wistari Reef, Heron Island, Capricorn Islands, Queensland, 

Australia; 12 m, in sponge, Mycale 

85. Onycocaridella stenolepis (Holthuis, 1952) 

Onycocaris stenolepis Holthuis, 1952c: 15, 148, figs. 

66-68 

Pearl Bank, southern Sulu Sea, Philippines; 15 m 

ONYCOCARIDITES Bruce, 1987a:771 

Type species: Onycocaridites anomodactylus 

Onycocaridites anomodactylus Bruce, 1987a:772, figs. 

1-4 

Arafura Sea; 10°40'S, 133°5O'E; 60 m 

ONYCOCARIS Nobili, 1904:232 

Type species: Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica 

Onycocaris amakusensis Fujino and Miyake, 

1969b:413, figs. 6, 8a-c, 9a-c 

Tsujino-shima, Amakusa Shimo Jima, Japan; low tide 

level, in sponge 

Onycocaris anomala—See Typton anomalus 

Onycocaris aualitica (Nobili, 1904) 

Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica Nobili, 

1904:233 

Djibouti 

Onycocaris callyspongiae Fujino and Miyake, 

1969b:422, figs. 10-12 

Tomioka, Amakusa Shimo Jima; in sponge 

Onycocaris furculata Bruce, 1979c:324, figs. 1-4 

La Saline, La R6union; approximately 21°20'S, 

55°OO'E; 20 m, outer reef slope under dead base of 

the madrepore coral, Acropora 

Onycocaris longirostris Bruce, 1980a: 15, figs. 6-10 

Hot Mattre, Noumea, New Caledonia; 20 m, in 

sponge, Siphonochalina 

Onycocaris monodoa—See Onycocaridella monodoa 

Onycocaris oligodentata Fujino and Miyake, 

1969b:415, figs. 7, 8d-f, 9d-f 

Tomioka, Amakussa Shimo Jima; 35 m, in sponge 

86. Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985b:241, figs. 8-11


Mompog Pass, northeast of Marinduque, Philippines; 

81-84 m 

Onycocaris quadratophthalma (Balss, 1921) 

Pontonia quadratophthalma Balss, 1921b: 15, fig. 7 

Cape Jaubert, Western Australia 

Onycocaris seychellensis Bruce, 1971b:208 

Anse Etoile, Mahe\ Seychelles; from small sponge 

encrusting base of coral colony 

Onycocaris spinosa Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:429, 

figs. 13-15 

"Terasaki," Yoron Jima, Ryukyu Islands; 1 m, in 

sponge 

Onycocaris stenolepis—See Onycocaridella stenolepis 

Onycocaris trullata Bruce, 1978a:269, figs. 36-41 

Tany Kely, Madagascar; 13°28'S,48°12'E; 28 m 

Onycocaris zanzibarica Bruce, 1971c:293, figs. 1, 2 

Channel between Chumbe Island and main island of 

Zanzibar; 6°16.0'S, 39° 12.6^; 18 m 

ORTHOPONTOMA Bruce, 1982b: 163 

Type species: Periclimenaeus ornatus 

Orthopontonia ornata (Bruce, 1970) 

Periclimenaeus ornatus Bruce, 1970c:313 

Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; on littoral 

sponge, Jaspis stellifera 

Palaemon Beaupresii—See Harpiliopsis beaupresii 

Palaemon Petitthouarsii—See Periclimenes petitthouarsii 

*PALAEMONELLA Dana, 1852a: 17 

Type species: Palaemonella tenuipes 

Palaemonella aberrans Nobili, 1904:234 

Djibouti 

as Periclimenes brevicarpalis 

Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894—See Periclimenes 

affinis 

Palaemonella amboinensis Zehntner, 1894:206, pi. 9: 

fig. 27 [not Periclimenes amboinensis De Man, 

1888] 

Ambon 


Palaemonella asymmetrica Holthuis, 195la: 19, pi. 5 

Bahia de Sullivan, Isla San Salvador, Gal&pagos 

Islands 

Palaemonella at I an tic a Holthuis, 1951b: 152, fig. 31 

Sao Pedro Bay, Sao Vicente, Cape Verde Islands; 

16°50'N,25 o 04'W 

Palaemonella batei—See Periclimenes batei 

Palaemonella biunguiculata Nobili, 1904:233 

Djibouti 


Palaemonella burnsi Holthuis, 1973:24, figs. 8, 9 

Small lava pool near coast of Keoneoio (= La Perouse) 

Bay at extreme east end of Cape Kinau Peninsula, 

Maui, Hawaii 

Palaemonella crosnieri Bruce, 1978a:210, figs. 2-4 

lies Glorieuses; 11°28.1'S, 27°[sic] 21.1'E; 20 m 

Palaemonella disalvoi Fransen, 1987:511, figs.7-12 

Tahai, west coast of Easter Island; 35 m 

Palaemonella dolichodactylus Bruce, 1991a:232, figs. 

6f-l, 7 

New Caledonia; 22°14.5'S, 167°02.0'E; 65-70 m 

Palaemonella elegans Borradaile, 1915:210 

Salomon Island 

= Palaemonella tenuipes 

Palaemonella holmesi (Nobili, 1907) 

Anchista tenuipes Holmes 

Periclimenes Holmesi Nobili, 1907:5 

Replacement name for Anchista tenuipes Holmes 

Palaemonella laccadivensis—See Periclimenes laccadivensis 

87. Palaemonella lota Kemp, 1922:127, figs. 3-6 

Aberdeen. Fort Blair, Andaman Islands; Rock pool at 

low tide 

Palaemonella longirostris—See Periclimenes longirostris 

Palaemonella orientalis—See Vir orientalis 

88. Palaemonella pottsi (Borradaile, 1915) 

Periclimenes (Falciger) pottsi Borradaile, 1915:212 

Torres Strait; on crinoid, Comanthus 

Palaemonella pusilla Bruce, 1975b: 169, figs. 1-5 

Kisiti Island, Wasini, Kenya; 4°43.3'S, 39°22.15'E; 

sheltered coral reef, low water 

*89. Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898) 

Periclimenes rotumanus Borradaile, 1898:383 

Rotuma, Fiji Islands 

Palaemonella vestigialis 

Palaemonella spinulata Yokoya, 1936:135, fig. 4 

Misaki, Japan 

90. Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852a:25 

Sulu Sea 

Palaemonella tridentata 

Palaemonella elegans 

Palaemonella tridentata Borradaile, 1899:1007, pi. 64: 

fig. 8 

Funafuti 

= Palaemonella tenuipes 

Palaemonella vestigialis Kemp, 1922:123, figs. 1, 2, pi. 

3: fig. 2 

Aberdeen, Port Blair, Andaman Islands 

= Palaemonella rotumana 

Palaemonella Yucatanica—See Periclimenes yucatanicus 

Palaemonetes natalensis—See Periclimenaeus natalensis 

PARACLIMENAEUS Bruce, 1988c:222 

Type species: Periclimenaeus fimbriatus 

Paraclimenaeus fimbriatus (Borradaile, 1915) 

Periclimenaeus fimbriatus Borradaile, 1915:213

52 

Mulaku Atoll, Maldive Islands and Providence Island, 

Seychelles; 70-90 m 

PARANCHISTUS Holthuis, 1952c:5, 13, 91 

Type species: Anchistus biunguiculatus 

91. Paranchistus armatus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 

Pfontonia] armata H. Milne Edwards, 1837:359 

New Ireland 

Anchistus biunguiculatus 

Anchistus oshimai 

92. Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952c: 100, figs. 41, 42 

Arzanah Island, Ruqq Az Zaqqum Bank, Persian Gulf 

coast of United Arab Emirates; in bivalve mollusk, 

Spondylus gaederopus 

Paranchistus ornatus Holthuis, 1952c:97, figs. 39, 40 

Mozambique 

Paranchistus pycnodontae Bruce, 1978b:233, figs. 1-5, 

pi. 39 

Heron Island, Capricorn Group, Queensland, Australia; 

central lagoon, 3 m, in giant clam, Pycnodonta 

hyotis 

93. Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983c:890, fig. 9 

Indonesia; in oyster, Ostrea 

Paranchistus spondyUs Suzuki, 1971:15, figs. 8, 9 

"Shiraiso," near Manazuru Marine Biological Laboratory, 

Sagami Bay, Honshu, Japan; rocky shore, in 

bivalve mollusk, Spondylus barbatus 

PARAPONTOSIA Bruce, 1968a: 1148 

IVpe species: Parapontonia nudirostris 

Parapontonia nudirostris Bruce, 1968a: 1149, figs. 1-5 

Tiar6 Bay, Noumea, New Caledonia; 22°10'S, 

PARATYPTON Balss, 1914b:83 

TVpe species: Paratypton siebenrocki 

94. Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914a:84, fig. 1 

Senafir, Koseir, and Sherm al Sheikh, Red Sea; Jaluit, 

Marshall Islands; and Samoa 

PEUAS P. ROUX, 1831:25 [not PELIAS Merrem, 1820] 

Type species: Alpheus amethystes 


Pelias notatus Heller, 1862a:526 

Nicobars 


* PERICLIMENAEUS Borradaile, 1915:207 

Type species: Periclimenaeus robustus 

Periclimenaeus arabicus (Caiman, 1939) 

Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) arabicus Caiman, 

1939:210, fig. 4 

Khalij al Masirah, eastern Oman; 19°22.6'N, 

57°53.0'E; 13.5 m, from surface of sponge, Periclimenaeus 

ohshimai 

Periclimenaeus ardeae Bruce, 197Oc:31O 

Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; in littoral 

sponges 

95. Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952c: 122, 


figs. 51-53 

Pulau Sailus-ketjil, Kepulauan Tengah, Indonesia 

Periclimenaeus ascidiarum Holthuis, 1951a:80, pi. 22: 

figs, g-1, pi. 23 

Bird Key Reef, Dry Tortugas, Florida 

Periclimenaeus atlanticus (Rathbun, 1901) 

Coralliocaris atlantica Rathbun, 1901:122, fig. 26 

Off St. Thomas, Virgin Islands; 37-42 m 

Periclimenaeus bermudensis (Armstrong, 1940) 

Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) bermudensis Armstrong, 

1940: 4, figs. 2, 3A-F 

The Reach, St. George Island, Bermuda; in black 

sponge 

Periclimenaeus bidentatus Bruce, 197Oc:3O5 

Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; in littoral 

sponges 

Periclimenaeus bouvieri (Nobili, 1904) 

Typton Bouvieri Nobili, 1904:233 

Djibouti 

Periclimenaeus bredini Chace, 1972b:26, fig. 5 

Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, Mexico; 1-3 feet, grass 

flats 

Periclimenaeus caraibicus Holthuis, 195la: 110, pis. 

32/i-j, 34 

Buccoo Reef, Tobago, West Indies 

Periclimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971:38, figs. 1, 2 

Northeastern Gulf of Mexico; 28°31'N, 84°16'W; 

26 m 

Periclimenaeus crassipes (Caiman, 1939) 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) crassipes Caiman, 

1939:211, fig. 5 

Ghubbat Sawquirah, southeastern Oman, 18°025.5'N, 

57°025'E; 38 m, possibly associated with calcareous 

sponges 

Periclimenaeus diplosomatis Bruce, 1980b:39, 

figs. 1-6 

Heron Island, Capricorn Islands, Queensland, Australia; 

23°26.9'S, 151°55'E; low water, in ascidian, 

Diplosoma 

Periclimenaeus djiboutensis Bruce, 1970c: 307 

Djibouti 

Periclimenaeus fimbriatus—See Paraclimenaeus 

fimbriatus 

Periclimenaeus garthi Bruce, 1976b:443, figs. 2-4 

"Dunidu Is.," Mate Atoll, Maldive Islands 

Periclimenaeus gorgonidarum (Balss, 1913) 

Periclimenes gorgonidarum Balss, 1913:236 

Sagami Nada near Misaki, Japan; 20-30 m, on 

gorgonian 

Periclimenaeus hancocki Holthuis, 1951a:97, pi. 29 

Bahia Pina, Panama; 59 m 

Periclimenaeus hebedactylus Bruce, 1970c: 308 

Makunduchi, Zanzibar 

96. Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili, 1904)


Coralliocaris hecate Nobilii, 1904:232 

Djibouti 

97. Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969a: 159 

Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 17 m 

Periclimenaeus jeancharcoti Bruce, 1991b:371, figs. 

50-55 

Off New Caledonia, 21°31'S, 166°21'E; 375-450 m 

Periclimenaeus leptodactylus Fujino and Miyake, 

1968b:90, figs. 3-5 

Kasari-cho, Amami O Shima, Japan; in small pits on 

surface of sponge 

Periclimenaeus lobiferus Bruce, 1978a:260, figs. 

30-35 

Mozambique Channel; 15°21.7'S, 46°12.6'E; 

80-85 m 

Periclimenaeus manihinei Bruce, 1976c: 138, figs. 

29,30 

Saint Anne Bay, Praslin Island, Seychelles 

Periclimenaeus maxiUulidens (Schmitt, 1936) 

Periclimenes maxiUulidens Schmitt, 1936:371, pi. 13 

Entrance to Lac, Bonaire; 1 m 

*98. Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952c: 134, figs. 

57-59 

Banda, Indonesia; 9-36 m 

Periclimenaeus natalensis (Stebbing, 1915) 

Palaemonetes natalensis Stebbingg, 1915:78, pi. 19 

Cape Natal [South Africa], N by E 24 miles [38.4 km]; 

800 m 


Periclimenaeus nobilii Bruce, 1974c: 1577, figs. 13F, 14 

Red Sea 

Periclimenaeus odontodactylus—See Periclimenoides 

odontodactylus 

Periclimenaeus ohshimai Miyake and Fujino, 1967:275, 

fig. 1 

Takamatsu, Amakusa Shimo Jima, Kyushu, Japan 

= Periclimenaeus arabicus 

Periclimenaeus orbiiospinatus Bruce, 1969a: 160 

Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia; 18-27 m 

Periclimenaeus ornatus—See Orthopontonia ornata 

Periclimenaeus orontes Bruce, 1986d:151, figs. IB, 

6-10 

Orontes Reef, Port Essington, Cobourg Peninsula, 

Arnhem Land, Northern Australia; ll°03.6'S, 

132°O5.OE; 3 m, associated with sponge, Jaspis 

Periclimenaeus pachydentatus Bruce, 1969a: 162 

Great Barrier Reef, Australia; 14°12'N, 142°48'E; 

35 m 

Periclimenaeuspacificus Holthuis, 195la:85, pi. 25 

Bahia Pina, Panama; 59 m 

Periclimenaeus palauensis Miyake and Fujino, 

1968:417, fig. 5 

Ngadarak Reef, Palau Islands 

Periclimenaeus pearsei (Schmitt, 1932) 

Coralliocaris pearsei Schmitt, 1932:123, fig. 1 

Dry Tortugas, Florida; 46 m, in soft black sponge 

Periclimenaeus perlatus (Boone, 1930) 

Corallocaris perlatus Boone, 1930:45, fig. 8 

Baie des Gonaives, Haiti 

Periclimenaeus quadridentatus (Rathbun, 1906) 

Coralliocaris quadridentata Rathbun, 1906:920, fig. 

69, pi. 24: fig. 1 

Auau Channel between Maui and Lanai, Hawaii; 

51-79 m 

Periclimenaeus rastrifer Bruce, 1980a:27, figs. 13A, B 

Hot Mattre, Noumea, New Caledonia; 20 m, in 

sponge, Dysidea 

Periclimenaeus rhodope (Nobili, 1904) 

Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) rhodope Nobili, 1904:232 

Djibouti 

Periclimenaeus robustus Borradaile, 1915:213 

Amirante Islands, Seychelles; 37-71 m 

Periclimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951a:90, pi. 27 

Dry Tortugas, Florida 

Periclimenaeus spinicauda Bruce, 1969a: 164 

South China Sea; 20°57.5'N, 115°55.0'E—2O°57.5TS1, 

115°58.6'E; 64-66 m 

Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, 1969a: 165 

Off Ras Asir, Somalia; 1 l°37TSf, 51°27'E—1 l°38TSf, 

51°27'E;68-73m 

Periclimenaeus spinosus Holthuis, 195la: 113, pi. 35 

Near Viradores Sur Island, Puerto Culebra, Costa 

Rica; shallow water, coral 

99. Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952c: 137, figs. 

60-62 

Java Sea; 4°41'S, 113°O2'E; 28-32 m, in sponge 

100. Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989c: 181, fig. 5 

Cuaming Island, Bohol Strait, Philippines 

Periclimenaeus stylirostris Bruce, 1969a: 167 

South China Sea; 20°34.0'N, 113°3O.5'E—2O°3O.3'N, 

113°29.0'E; 90-91 m 

Periclimenaeus tchesunovi Duns, 199Oa:615, figs. 1, 2 

Genego Island, North Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands; 

20 m 

101. Periclimenaeus tridentatus (Miers, 1884) 

Coralliocaris? tridentata Miers, 1884:294, pi. 32: 

fig.c 

Thursday Island, Torres Strait 

Periclimenaeus trispinosus Bruce, 1969a: 169 

Mkokotoni, Zanzibar 

Periclimenaeus truncatus (Rathbun, 1906) 

Coralliocaris truncata Rathbun, 1906:920, fig. 70, pi. 

24: fig. 2 

South coast of Molokai, Hawaii; 4-90 m 

102. Periclimenaeus truncoideus, new species 

Periclimenaeus truncatus Holthuis, 1952c: 117, figs. 

48-50 [not Coralliocaris truncata Rathbun, 1906] 

2.3 miles [3.7 km] N, 63°W from north point of Kai

54 

Besar, Kepulauan Kai, Indonesia; 5°36.5'S, 

132°55.2'E;90m 

Periclimenaeus tuamotae Bruce, 1969a: 170 

Mururoa Island, Tbamotu Archipelago 

Periclimenaeus uropodialis Barnard, 1958:18, fig. 6 

Baia de Lourenco Marques, Mozambique 

Periclimenaeus usitatus Bruce, 1969a: 172 

Off Mafia Island, Tanzania; 7°46'48"S, 39°42'36"E; 

20 m 

Periclimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917) 

Coralliocaris wilsoni Hay, 1917:71 

Fishing grounds, 20 miles [32 km] off Beaufort, North 

Carolina 

Periclimenaeus zanzibaricus Bruce, 1969a: 174 

Uroa, Zanzibar; littoral sponges 

Periclimenaeus zarenkovi Duris, 1990a:620, figs. 3, 4 


0.7 m 

PERJCUMENES Costa, 1844:290 

Type species: Periclimenes insignis 

PEUAS P. ROUX 

ANCHISTIA 

HARPILIUS 

UROCARIS 

DENNISIA 

ANCYLOCARIS 

CORNIGER Borradaile 

CRISTIGER Borradaile 

FALCIGER 

LAOMENES 

CUA PETES 

Periclimenes aesopius (Bate, 1863) 

Anchistia aesopia Bate, 1863:502, pi. 41: fig. 5 

Gulf of St. Vincent, South Australia 

*103. Periclimenes affinis (Zehnter, 1894) 

Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894:208 

Ambon 

Periclimenes (Falciger) affinis Borradaile, 1915:211 

[not Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894] 

Saloman Island, Chagos Archipelago 

= Periclimenes longirostris 

Periclimenes agag Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) agag Kemp, 1922:197, 

figs. 47-50, pi. 7: fig. 9 

Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 m 

Periclimenes akiensis Kubo, 1936 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) akiensis Kubo, 1936:47, 

pi. 14 

"Simokamogari-mura, Province Aki," Japan; trawled 

in "weedy shallow water" 

*104. Periclimenes albatrossae, new species 

South China Sea off western Luzon, Philippines; 

16°33' 52"N, 119°52'54"E; 315 m 

105. Periclimenes alcocki Kemp, 1922 


Periclimenes (Periclimenes) alcocki Kemp, 1922:154, 

figs. 21-24 

Laccadive Sea; 9°34'57"N, 75°36'30"E; 743 m 

Periclimenes aleator Bruce, 1991b:315, figs. 10-14 

Loyalty Islands, 2O°53'S, 167°17'E; 570-610 m 

Periclimenes alegrias Bruce, 1986d:143, figs. 1A, 2-5, 

15A-C 

Coral Bay, Port Essington, Arnhem Land, Northern 

Australia; 11°11.2'S, 132°02.8'E; 2-4 m, associated 

with crinoid, Stephanometra spicata 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) amamiensis Kubo, 

1940b:44, figs. 11, 12 

Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands 

= Periclimenes lutescens 

106. Periclimenes amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 

Anchistia amboinensis De Man, 1888b:546, pi. 22a: 

fig. 2 

Ambon 

?= Periclimenes cornutus 

Periclimenes americanus (Kingsley, 1878) 

Anchistia americana Kingsley, 1878:65 

Key West, Florida 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) bermudensis Lebour 

Pariclemenes (Ancylocaris) rhizophorae 

Periclimenes amethysteus (Risso, 1827) 

Alpheus amethystea Risso, 1827:77, pi. 4: fig. 16 

Southern Europe (Nice?) 

Periclimenes insignis 

•107. Periclimenes amymone De Man, 1902:829, pi. 25: 

fig. 53 


Periclimenes anacanthus Bruce, 1988d: 105, figs. 1-5 

Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia; sea-grass beds 

108. Periclimenes andamanensis Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) andamanensis Kemp, 

1922:204, figs. 54-57 


Periclimenes andresi Macpherson, 1988:52, figs. 1-4 

Namibia, southwestern Africa; 17°15'S, 11°27'E; 

185 m 

Periclimenes anthophilus Holthuis and Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 

1964 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) anthophilus Holthuis and 

Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1964:185, figs. 1-4 

Whalebone Bay, Bermuda; 2-3 m, on sea anemones 

Periclimenes antonbruunii Bruce, 1967a:45, figs. 19-22 

Pamanzi Island reef, Dzaoudzi, He de Mayotte, 

Comoro Islands 

= Urocaridella antonbruunii 

Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) arabicus—See Periclimenaeus 

arabicus 

109. Periclimenes attenuatus Bruce, 1971d:533, figs. 1-5 

"Waterhouse Cove, Burukuk," Duke of York Group, 

New Ireland, Bismarck Archipelago; 4°7.3'E,


152°27.3'E; 1-2 m, on crinoid 

110. Periclimenes batei (Borradaile, 1917) 

Palaemonella batei Borradaile, 1917:357, 358 

Off Sibago Island, Sulu Archipelago, Philippines; 

6°47'N, 122°28'E;46m 

Periclimenes batei Holthuis, 1950a;22 [not 

Palaemonella batei Borradaile, 1917] 

= Periclimenes yaldwyni 

Periclimenes bayeri Holthuis, 1981:792, fig. 3a-h 

Ine village, Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands; outer edge 

of sea reef, on coral, Pocillopora 

Periclimenes beaufortensis—See Neopontonides 

beaufortensis 

Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) bermudensis Armstrong, 

1940- 

See Periclimenaeus bermudensis 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) bermudensis Lebour, 

1949a;1115, fig. 6 [not Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) 

bermudensis Armstrong, 1940] 

Mangrove Lake, Bermuda 

= Periclimenes americanus 

Periclimenes bicolor Edmondson, 1935:10, fig. 3 

Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii; on asteroid, Linckia 

multiflora, in shallow water 

= Periclimenes soror 

Periclimenes borradailei Rathbun, 1904:34 

[Replacement name for Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 

1898] 

Periclimenes Borradailei Nobili, 1905b: 159 [not Periclimenes 

borradailei Rathbun, 1904] 

Persian Gulf off coast of United Arab Emirates; 

25°10'N, 55°10'N, 24°55'N, 54°40'E 


Periclimenes bowmani Chace, 1972b:32, figs. 1, 2 

Reef south of Marigot Harbour, St. Lucia, Windward 

Islands; 2-3 m 

111. Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902) 

Palaemonella amboinensis Zehntner 

Ancylocaris brevicarpalis Schenkel, 1902:563, pi. 13: 

fig. 21 

Ujung Pandang, Celebes, Indonesia 

Palaemonella aberrans 

Harpilius latirostris 

Periclimenes potina 

Periclimenes hermitensis 

Periclimenes brevinaris Nobili, 1906b:42, pi. 3: 

fig. 7, 7a 

Persian Gulf off coast of United Arab Emirates; 

25°10TSf, 55°1O'E—24°55'N,54°40'E 

Periclimenes Borradailei Nobili 

Periclimenes brevirostris Bruce 1991b:322, figs. 15-20 

Off He des Pins, New Caledonia, 22°05.8'S, 

167° lOJ'E; 500-550 m 

Periclimenes brocketti Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Falciger) brocketti Borradaile, 

1915:212 

Male Atoll, Maldive Islands 

?= Periclimenes affinis 

112. Periclimenes brockii (De Man, 1888) 

Anchistia Brockii De Man, 1888b:548, pi. 22a: fig. 3 

Ambon 

Periclimenes brucei Duris, 1990b: 1, figs. 1, 2 


52 m 

*113. Periclimenes calcaratus, new species 

Albay Gulf, Philippines; 13 O 12% 123°49'18"E; 

[267 m] 

Pariclimenes calmani Tattersall, 1921:385, pi. 27: fig. 

11, pi. 28: figs. 14, 15 

Sudanese coast of Red Sea 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) calmani Johnson, 1962b:59 

[not Periclimenes calmani Tattersall, 1921] 

Pasir Laba, Singapore; 1°21'N, 103°38'E; in Enhalus 

beds 

= Periclimenes johnsoni 

Periclimenes carinidactylus Bruce, 1969b:254 

Bottle and Glass Rocks, Port Jackson, Sydney 

Harbour, Australia; 6 m 

114. Periclimenes ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Corniger) ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 

1915:211 

Male Atoll, Maldive Islands 

Periclimenes colemani Bruce, 1975c;488, figs. 1-8 

Heron Island, Queensland, Australia; on echinoid, 

Areosoma thetidis 

115. Periclimenes commensalis Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis Borradaile, 

1915:211 

Torres Strait; on crinoid, Comanthus annulatus 

Periclimenes compressus Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Falciger) compressus Borradaile, 

1915:212 

Saya de Malha Bank, western Indian Ocean; 265 m 

116. Periclimenes consobrinus (De Man, 1902) 

Harpilius consobrinus De Man, 1902:836, pi. 26: 

fig. 54 


117. Periclimenes coriolis Bruce, 1985b:234, figs. 4-7 

Southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines; 

14°01.(m, \20°\l.\ r E; 186-184 m 

Periclimenes (Corniger) cornutus Borradaile, 1915:211 

Male Atoll, Maldive Islands; on crinoid 

?= Periclimenes amboinensis 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) crassipes—See Periclimenaeus 

crassipes 

Periclimenes crinoidalis Chace, 1969:251, figs. 1, 2 

Jan Thiel Beach, Curasao, Netherlands Antilles; 38 m, 

on crinoid

56 

118. Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965:487, figs. 1, 2 

Pulau Sudong, near Pulau Salu, Singapore; 1 

103°43.65'E; on echinoid, Diadema setosum 

Periclimenes curvirostris Kubo, 1940 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) curvirostris Kubo, 

1940b:35, figs. 3-5 

Kumano Nada, off Mie Prefecture, southern Honshu, 

Japan; about 311m 

Periclimenes darwiniensis Bruce, 1987b:29, figs. 1-5 

Weed Reef, Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory, 

Australia; 12°31.6'S, 130°47.3'E; intertidal pool 

Periclimenes delagoae Barnard, 1958:14, fig. 4B 

Baia de Lourenco Marques, Mozambique, in coral 

Periclimenes demani Kemp, 1915:279, fig. 27, pi. 13: 

fig. 10 

Chilka Lake, India; salt to nearly fresh water 

Periclimenes denticulatus Nobili, 1906 

Pariclimenes Petitthouarsi var. Denticulata Nobili, 

1906a:257 

Gatavake, lies Gambier, Tuamotu Archipelago 

* 119. Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984a:7, figs. 1-6 

Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 0°31.4TST, 117°50.1'E; 

592-595 m 

Periclimenes difficilis Bruce, 1976c;l 11, figs. 15-17 

Saint Anns Bay, Praslin Island, Seychelle Islands; 6 

m, on coral, Porites 

120. Periclimenes digitalis Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) digitalis Kemp, 1922:224, 

fig. 65, pi. 8: fig. 12 

Off Viper Island, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 6-9 m 

121. Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) diversipes Kemp, 

1922:179, figs. 36-39 [part] 

Kilakarai, Gulf of Mannar, southern India: low tide, 

on coral, Montipora 

Periclimenes (Falciger) dubius Borradaile, 1915:211 

Minicoy, Laccadive Islands 

= Periclimenes elegans 

Periclimenes edwardsii (Paulson, 1875) 

Anchfistia] Edwardsii Paulson, 1875:114, pi. 17: fig. 

2-2b 

Red Sea 

*122. Periclimenes elegans (Paulson, 1875) 

Anch[istia] elegans Paulson, 1875:113, pi. 17: fig. 1 

Red Sea 

Periclimenes (Falciger) dubius 

Periclimenes elegans Gourret, 1884:15 [not Anchistia 

elegans Paulson] 

"Golfe de Marseille" 

Nomen nudum 

?= Periclimenes scriptus 

123. Periclimenes ensifrons (Dana, 1852) 

Anchistia ensifrons Dana, 1852a:25 

Balabac Strait, North Borneo 


Periclimenes exederens Bruce, 1969b:255 

South China Sea; 20°36.0'N, 113°54.2'E—2O°38.8'N, 

113°57.8'E; 86-88 m 

Periclimenes finlayi Chace, 1972b:35, fig. 8 

Off Marigot Bay, St. Lucia, Windward Islands; 165 m, 

mollusk trap 

Periclimenes forcipulatus Bruce, 1991a:330, figs. 

21-25 

Loyalty Islands, 20°166°54'E; 460 m 

124. Periclimenes foresti Bruce, 1981c:201, figs. 10-11, 17c 


14°00.0 / N, 120°18.0'E— 14°01.7'N, 120°20.2'E; 

189-209 m 

125. Periclimenes foveolatus Bruce, 1981c: 196, figs. 6-9, 

17a,b, 18b,c 


14°01.0;N, 120°15.8'E—13°59.2'N, 120°18.8'E; 

191-188 m 

Periclimenes franklini Bruce, 1990e:55 

Coral Sea 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) frater Borradaile, 1915:210 

Seychelles 

= Periclimenes soror 

Periclimenes fujinoi Bruce, 1990a: 161, figs. 8-11, 

39a,b 

Chesterfield Islands; 22°06.9'S, 159°24.6'E; 

487-610 m 

126. Periclimenes galene Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) galene Holthuis, 1952c:62, 

fig. 24 

Ambon (0-2 m) and islet off Manado [northern 

Celebes] 

Periclimenes gonioporae Bruce, 1989c: 149, figs. 1-3, 

4a 

Ras Iwatine, Mombasa, Kenya; 4°01.15'S, 

39°43.78'E; low water spring tide level, on coral, 

Goniopora 

Periclimenes gorgonicola Bruce, 1969b:257 

South China Sea; 21°47.7'N, 116°28.5'E—21°43.3 / N, 

116°28.0'E; 110-132 m, on gorgonian, Melithea 

Periclimenes gorgonidarum—See Periclimenaeus 

gorgonidarum 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) gracilirostris Kubo, 

1940b:41, figs. 8-10 

Kumano Nada off Mie Prefecture, Japan; about 310 m 

= Periclimenes hertwigi 

127. Periclimenes gracilis (Dana, 1852) 

Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1852a:25 

Sulu Sea, Philippines 

128. Periclimenes grandis (Stimpson, 1860) 

Anchistia grandis Stimpson, 1860; 39 

Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands 

Periclimenes vitiensis 

Periclimenes granulatus Holthuis, 1950


Periclimenes (Periclimenes) granulatus Holthuis, 

1950c: 10, fig. 1, pi. 1 

Algeria; 100 m, among pearl oysters and alcyonarians 

Periclimenes granulimanus Bruce, 1978a:237, figs. 

16-19 

Tany Kely, northwest coast of Madagascar near Nosy 

Be; on antipatharian 

Periclimenes granuloides Hayashi in Baba, Hayashi, 

andToriyama, 1986:102, figs. [62], 18 

Tosa Bay, Japan; 130 m 

Periclimenes harringtoni Lebour, 1949a:l 110, fig. 3 

Harrington Sound, Bermuda 

Periclimenes hermitensis Rathbun, 1914:655, pi. 1: figs. 

1-3 

Hermite, Monte Bello Islands 


129. Periclimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913:235 

Sagami Bay, Japan; 120 m, on echinoid 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) gracilirostris 

Periclimenes hirsutus Bruce, 1971e:91, figs. 1-6 

Nukulau Island, Lauthala Bay, Suva, Viti Levu, Fiji 

Islands; on echinoid 

Periclimenes Holmesi—See PalaemoneUa holmesi 

*130. Periclimenes holthuisi Bruce, 1969b:258 

Leung Ha Bay, N.T., Hong Kong; 22°18.5'N, 

114°18.2'E; 4 m, on sea anemones 

Periclimenes hongkongensis Bruce, 1969b:259 

Rocky Harbour, Hong Kong; 22°20.0'N, 114°21'E; 

26 m 

Periclimenes (Pariclimenes) impar Kemp, 1922:147, 

figs. 16, 17, pi. 3: fig. 1 

Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 9 m, on pinkish sponge 

= Periclimenes incertus 

Periclimenes imperator Bruce, 1967a:53, figs. 23-25 

Zanzibar; on nudibranch 

*131. Periclimenes incertus Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) incertus Borradaile, 

1915:210 

Maldive Islands 

Periclimenes (Pariclimenes) impar 

132. Periclimenes indie us (Kemp, 1915) 

Urocaris indica Kemp, 1915:275, fig. 26, pi. 13: 

fig. 9 

Chilka Lake, India; fresh and brackish water 

Periclimenes infraspinis (Rathbun, 1902) 

Urocaris infraspinis Rathbun, 1902:903 

Bahia Concepcion, Baja California, Mexico 

Periclimenes ingressicolumbi Berggren and Svane, 

1989;432, figs. 1-5 

Off San Salvador Island, Bahama Islands; 579 m, on 

spines of echinoid, Palaeopneustes tholoformis 

133. Periclimenes inornatus Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) inornatus Kemp, 

1922:191, figs. 43-46 

Port Blair, Andaman Islands; on sea anemones 

Periclimenes insignis O.G. Costa in O.G. Costa and A. 

Costa, 1844:[4], pi. 6; figs. 1-6 

Naples 

= Periclimenes amethysteus 

Periclimenes insolitus Bruce, 1974b:293, figs. 1-8 

Waikiki Beach, Oahu, Hawaii; 21°15.9'N, 

157°50.5'W; 

rocky flat outside surf zone, on echinoid, Pseudoboletia 

Periclimenes investigatoris Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) investigatoris Kemp, 

1922:160, figs. 26, 27, pi. 5: fig. 6 

Persian Gulf; 29°20'N, 48°47'E; 24 m, on alcyonarian 

Periclimenes iridescens Lebour, 1949a: 1112, figs. 4, 5 

Off Castle Roads, Bermuda 

Periclimenes ischiospinosus Bruce, 1991a:240, figs. 3b, 

9-12 

New Caledonia; 21°44'S, 166°32'E; 50 m 

134. Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987c: 115, figs. 1-5 

Replacement name for Periclimenes (Harpilius) calmam 

Johnson, 1961 [not Tattersall, 1921] 

135. Periclimenes jugalis Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) jugalis Holthuis, 1952c:67, 

fig. 26 

Djedan, Kepulauan Am, Indonesia; 13 m 

136. Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969b:260 

Hurghada, Red Sea coast of Egypt; 27°14'N, 38°50'E; 

1 m, associated with alcyonarians 

Periclimenes (Falciger) kolumadulensis Borradaile, 

1915:213 

Kolumadulu Atoll, Maldive Islands 

= Periclimenes tenuipes 

Periclimenes kornii (Lo Bianco, 1903) 

Anchistia Kornii Lo Bianco, 1903:250, pi. 7: fig. 13 

Off Capri; 1080 m 

137. Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977c:33, figs. 1-4 

Koror, Palau Islands; associated with fungiid coral, 

Heliofungia 

Periclimenes laccadivensis (Alcock and Anderson, 

1894) 

PalaemoneUa laccadivensis Alcock and Anderson, 

1894:157 

Laccadive Sea; 770-1353 

*138. Periclimenes lanipes Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) lanipes Kemp, 1922:156, 

pi. 4: fig. 4 

Mergui Archipelago; 12°48'N,98 o 16'10 / 'E;44 m 

139. Periclimenes latipollex Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) latipollex Kemp, 

1922:150, fig. 18, pi. 4: fig. 3 

Mergui Archipelago; 12 o 15'20"N,97 o 10'10*E; 113 m 

Periclimenes lepidus Bruce, 1978a:244, figs. 20-24 

Northwest coast of Madagascar near Nosy Be; 40 m

58 

Periclimenes leptodactylus Bruce, 1991b:338, figs. 

26-30 

Loyalty Islands, 20°37.8'S, 167°02.7'E; 825-370 m 

Periclimenes leptopus Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) leptopus Kemp, 

1922:173, figs. 31-33 

Brigade Creek, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 4-9 m 

Periclimenes lifuensis—See Philarius lifuensis 

Periclimenes longicarpus Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:13, 

figs. 4-8 

Al Aqaba, Jordan; 15 m, on actinian, Entacmaea 

Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860) 

Urocaris longicaudatus Stimpson, 1860:39 

"Coast of Carolina" 

Periclimenes longimanus (Dana, 1852) 

Anchistia longimana Dana, 1852a:25 

TVpe locality unknown 

Periclimenes longipes (Stimpson, 1860) 

Urocaris longipes Stimpson, 1860:39 

Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands; 37 m 

140. Periclimenes longirostris (Borradaile, 1915) 

Palaemonella longirostris Borradaile, 1915:210 

Naifaro Island, Fadiffolu Atoll, Maldive Islands 

Periclimenes (Falciger) affinis Borradale, 1915 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) proximus 

Periclimenes lucasi Chace, 1937 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) lucasi Chace, 1937:133, 

fig. 8 

San Lucas Bay, Baja California, Mexico; 22°53'N, 

109° 54'W; 6-17 m 

141. Periclimenes lutescens (Dana, 1852) 

Harpilius lutescens Dana, 1852a:25 

Tongatapu Island, Tonga Islands 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) amamiensis 

Periclimenes macrophthalmus Fujino and Miyake, 1970 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) macrophthalmus Fujino and 

Miyake, 1970b:250, figs. 3-5 

East China Sea west of Goto Retto, Kyushu, Japan; 

32°36.7'N, 127°42.8'E; 145 m 

Periclimenes madreporae Bruce, 1969b:262 

Erskine Island, Capricorn Group, Great Barrier Reef, 

Queensland, Australia; 6-11 m, in scleractinian 

corals 

142. Periclimenes magnificus Bruce, 1979d:195, figs. 1-5, 

pi. 1A-C 

Wistari Reef, Heron Island, Queensland, Australia; 

26-29 m, with coral, Catalaphyllia 

Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) magnus Holthuis, 1951a:52, 

pi. 15 

Gulf of Mexico off Aransas, Texas; 27°40', 96°34'W; 

50 m 

Periclimenes mahei Bruce, 1969b:263 

North West Bay, Mahe\ Seychelles; 4°36'15"S, 


55°26'O1"E; 2-4 m, on scleractinian corals 

Periclimenes maldivensis Bruce, 1969b:264 

Suvadiva Atoll, Maldive Islands, on echinoid 

Periclimenes maxillulidens—See Periclimenaeus 

maxillulidens 

Periclimenes meyeri Chace, 1969:255, figs. 3, 4 

Jan Thiel Beach, Cura?ao, Netherlands Antilles; 24 m, 

on crinoid 

Periclimenes milleri Bruce, 1986e:637, figs. 1-5 

Off San Salvador, Bahama Islands; 24°02.75'N, 

74°32.53'W; 527 m, associated with asterostomatid 

echinoid, Heterobrissus hystrix 

143. Periclimenes nilandensis Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis Borradaile, 

1915:211 

Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands 

Periclimenes novaecaledoniae Bruce, 1968a: 1157, figs. 

6-9 

Hot Maftre, Noumea, New Caledonia; 22°20'20"S, 

116°25'E, on crinoid, Tropiometra afra 

Periclimenes (Hamiger) novae-zealandiae—See Hamiger 

novaezealandiae 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) noverca—See Zenopontonia 

noverca 

Periclimenes obscurus Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) obscurus Kemp, 1922:144, 

figs. 14, 15 

Springhaven, Madras Harbor, India; near encrusted 

buoys and piles 

Periclimenes ordinarius Bruce, 1991b:344, figs. 31-35 

Off New Caledonia, 18°o04'S, 163°27.5'E 

Periclimenes ornatellus Bruce, 1979e:219, figs. 4-6, pi. 

1C-E 

Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands; 1-2 m, with 

actinian, Radianthus 

144. Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969b: 266 

"Lung Ha Bay," N.T., Hong Kong; 22° 18.5', 

114°18.2'E; 4 m, on actiniarian 

Periclimenes orontes—See Periclimenaeus orontes 

Periclimenes paivai Chace, 1969:259, figs. 5-7 

Cananeia, Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil 

Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) pandionis Holthuis, 

1951a:41,pl. 11 

Off Key West, Florida; 24°21'55"N, 81°58'25"W; 

179 m 

Periclimenes paraornatus Bruce, 1979d:207 

Nomen nudum 

Periclimenes paraparvus Bruce, 1969b:267 

South China Sea; 20°28.2'N, 112°52.2'E; 84-88 m 

Periclimenes parasitic us Borradaile, 1898:384 

New Britain; on starfish, Linckia 

?= Periclimenes soror 

Periclimenes parvispinatus Bruce, 1990a: 154, figs. 3-6


S.W. Recif Jouan, New Caledonia; 200 m, trap 

Periclimenes parvus Borradaile, 1898:384 

Rakaiya, Blanche Bay, New Britain 

Periclimenes pauper Holthuis, 1951 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) pauper Holthuis, 1951a:50, 

pi. 14 

Isla Cubagua, Venezuela; rocky shore 

145. Periclimenes pectiniferus Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) pectiniferus Holthuis, 

1952c:48, figs. 15, 16 

Pulau Kabaladua, Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 22 m 

Periclimenes pectinipes Bruce, 1991b:351, figs. 36-40, 

75 

Off New Caledonia, 23°41.2'S, 168°00.5'E; 280 m 

Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958:125, figs. 1-17 

Lyford Cay, New Providence Island, Bahama Islands; 

associated with sea anemone, Bartholomea annulata 

Periclimenes perlucidus Bruce, 1969b:268 

South China Sea; 16°06.5'N, 114°41.5TE— ^(E^X 

114°38.2E; 79-81 m, on gorgonian 

Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) perryae Chace, 1942:82, 

pi. 24 

Off Sanibel Island, Florida; 10 m, associated with 

basket star, Astrophyton muricatum 

Periclimenes perturbans Bruce, 1978a:253, figs. 25, 26 

Northwest coast of Madagascar near Nosy Be; 40 m, 

on alcyonarian, Morchellana 

Periclimenes petitthouarsii (Audouin, 1826) 

Palaemon Petitthouarsii Audouin, 1826:91 

Egypt 

Anchistia inaequimana 

Periclimenes Petitthouarsi var. denticulata—See Periclimenes 

denticulatus 

Periclimenes petitthouarsii var. spinifera—See 

Periclimenes spinifer 

Periclimenes pholeter Holthuis, 1973:30, figs. 10, 11, 

pi. 1: fig. 1 

"Ras Muhammad's Crack," Ras Muhammad, Sinai 

Peninsula, Egypt; 27°44'N, 34°15'E 

146. Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzlyy, 1983:644, 

figs. 1-6 

"Medren Islet," Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands; 

11°24'N, 162°22'E; 3 m, with crinoid, Comanthina 

Periclimenes platalea Holthuis, 1951 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) platalea Holthuis, 

1951b: 157, fig. 32 

Off Guinea; 9°23'N, 15°07'>V; 30-34 m 

147. Periclimenes platycheles Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) platycheles Holthuis, 

1952c:85, fig. 33 

Pulau Fau west of Pulau Gebe (31 m) and off 

Atiationin, west coast of New Guinea (to 57 m) 

Periclimenes platyrhynchus Bruce, 1991a:358, figs. 

41-44 

Off New Caledonia, 19°04S, 163°27'E; 260 m 

Periclimenes potina Nobili, 1905b: 159 

Arabian coasts; on a pelagic brown alga 


Periclimenes (Falciger) pottsi—See Palaemonella 

pottsi 

Periclimenes poupini Bruce, 1990b:852, figs. l-6a 

1\ibuai, French Polynesia; 23°19'S, 142°22'W; 430- 

520 m, on actiniarian on gastropod shell associated 

with pagurid, Trizopagurus 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) proximus Kemp, 1922:201, 

figs. 51-53 


= Periclimenes longirostris 

*148. Periclimenes psamathe (De Man, 1902) 

Urocaris psamathe De Man, 1902:816, pi. 25: fig. 51 


Periclimenes pusillus Rathbun, 1906:921, fig. 71, pi. 24: 

fig. 7 

Diamond Head Light, Oahu, Hawaii, S 62°, E 3.9; 

surface over 24 m 

= Harpiliopsis depressa 

Periclimenes rapanui Fransen, 1987:519, figs. 13-15 

Tahai, W. coast of Easter Island 

Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924a:70, figs. 5, 6 

Spanish Port, Curasao 

149. Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981c:204, figs. 12-15 


l3°53.lTSr, 12O°O8.9'E—13°53.3\ 120°10.7'E; 

134-129 m, possibly associated with echinoid, 

Eremopyga 

Periclimenes rex Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) rex Kemp, 1922:158, fig. 

25, pi. 5: fig. 5 

Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 15 m, 

possibly associated with a sponge 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) rhizophorae Lebour, 

1949b:605 

Replacement name for Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) 

bermudensis Lebour 

= Periclimenes americanus 

Periclimenes richeri Bruce, 1990a: 181, figs. 20, 39f 

New Caledonia; 24°54.5'S, 168°23.3'E; 527 m 

Periclimenes rotumanus—See Palaemonella rotumanus 

Periclimenes ruber Bruce, 1982c: 197 

Queensland, Australia; associated with crinoid, Zygometra 

Periclimenes sagittifer (Norman, 1861) 

Dennisia sagittifera Norman, 1861:278, pi. 13: figs. 

8-13 

Periclimenes scriptus (Risso, 1822)

60 

Alpheus scriptus Risso, 1822:247 

Nice, France 

IPericlimenes elegans Gourret 

Urocaris de Manx 

Periclimenes setirostris Bruce, 1991b: 364, figs. 45-49 

Chesterfield Islands, 25°32.8'S, 159°46.1'E; 300 m 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) setoensis Fuji no and 

Miyake, 1969a: 149, figs. 4, 5 

Shiso-jima, Tanabe-wan, Wakayama pref., Japan; 5 m 

= Periclimenes sinensis 

150. Periclimenes seychellensis Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Falciger) seychellensis Borradaile, 

1915:212 

Praslin, Seychelles 

151. Periclimenes sibogae Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) sibogae Holthuis, 1952c:73, 

figs. 28, 29 

Anchorage at Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 9-36 m 

Periclimenes signatus Kemp, 1925 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) signatus Kemp, 

1925:322, figs. 16, 17 


•152. Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, 1969b:270 

Hong Kong; on alcyonarian 

153. Periclimenes soror NobiU, 1904:232 

Djibouti 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) frater 

Periclimenes bicolor 

154. Periclimenes spinifer De Man, 1902 

Periclimenes petitthouarsii var. spinifera De Man, 

1902:824 

Ternate, Pulau Damar-Besar, Teluk Djakarta, Ambon, 

Indonesia, and Tahiti, French Polynesia 

Periclimenes suvadivensis Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Falciger) suvadivensis Borradaile, 

1915:212 

Suvadiva Atoll, Maldive Islands 

Periclimenes Unellus (Smith, 1882) 

Anchistia tenella Smith, 1882:55, pi. 9: fig. 1 

Continental slope off South Carolina; 32°07'N, 

78°37'05*W;419m 

•155. Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898:384 

New Britain 

Periclimenes borradailei 

Periclimenes (Falciger) kolumadulensis 

Periclimenes tenuirostris Bruce, 1991a:247, figs. 

13-16 

New Caledonia; Grand Re"cif Sud; 22°35.1'S, 

166°59.5'E;82m 

156. Periclimenes teams Bruce, 1969b:272 

Chukwani, Zanzibar, 6°15.1'S, 39°12.7'E; 1 foot, on 

crinoid 

•157. Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969b:275 

"Ap Chau," Tolo Channel, Hong Kong; 9-27 m 


Periclimenes tonga Bruce, 199Od:23, figs. 1-5 

Nuapapa Island, Tonga; on scyphozoan, Cassiopeia 

158. Periclimenes tosaensis Kubo, 1951 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) tosaenssis Kubo, 

1951:268, figs. 7, 8 

Tosa Bay, off Usa, Shikoku, Japan 

Periclimenes ungujaensis Bruce, 1969b:275 

Unguja Ukuu Pwani, Zanzibar; 6°18.8'S, 39°21.1'E; 1 

foot 

Periclimenes uniunguiculatus Bruce, 1990a: 167, figs. 

12-15, 39e 

New Caledonia; 23°06S, 167°47'E. 540-600 m 

Periclimenes vaubani Bruce, 1990:174, figs. 16-19, 

38a-d 

New Caledonia; 23°38'S, 167°42'E; 470 m 

Periclimenes veleronis Holthuis, 1951 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) veleronis Holthuis, 

1951a:67, pi. 20 

La Libertad, Ecuador, 7 m 

159. Periclimenes venustus Bruce, 1990f:230, figs. 1-6, 7a, 

8a 

Port Essington, Northern Australia; 3 m, on actiniarians 

Periclimenes vitiensis Borradaile, 1898:383 

Fiji 

= Periclimenes grandis 

Periclimenes watamuae Bruce, 1976d:16, figs. 5, 6 

Watamu Park, Kenya; 3°22.0'S, 4O°OO.5'E; 2 m, from 

alcyonarian 

Periclimenes yaldwyni Holthuis, 1959 

Brachycarpus audouini 

Brachycarpus Antonini 

Periclimenes batei Holthuis 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) yaldwyni Holthuis, 

1959:197 

Cook Strait, New Zealand 

Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891) 

Palaemonella Yucatanica Ives, 1891:183, pi. 5: fig. 8 

Off Progreso, Estado de Yucatan, Mexico 

Periclimenes zanzibaricus Bruce, 1967a:62, figs. 26-29 

Fawatu Reef, Zanzibar; low tide, on echinoid, Echinothrix 

Periclimenes zerinae Duris. 1990b:4, figs. 3, 4 


52 m 

PER1CLIMENOIDES Bruce, 1990c:616 

Type species: Periclimenaeus odontodactylus 

•160. Periclimenoides odontodactylus (Fujino and Miyake, 

1968) 

Periclimenaeus odontodactylus Fujino and Miyake, 

1968b:85,figs. 1,2 

Ushitaka, Amakusa Island, Japan 

*PH1LARWS Holthuis, I952c:5, 15, 151


Type species: Harpilius Gerlachei 

*161. PhUarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905) 

Harpilius Gerlachei Nobili, 1905b: 160 

Northeast of Arzanah Island, Persian Gulf 

162. PhUarius imperialis (Kubo, 1940) 

Harpilius imperialis Kubo, 1940c:l, figs. 1-3 

"Nankin-Hama," Haha-Jima, Bonin Islands 

PhUarius lifuensis (Borradaile, 1898) 

Periclimenes lifuensis Borradaile, 1898:384 

Lifou, Loyalty Islands 

PhUarius lophos —See lschnopontonia lophos 

PLATYCARIS Holthuis, 1952c:5, 16, 172 

Type species: Platycaris latirostris 

163. Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 173, figs. 85, 86 

Ende, Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia 

PLATYPONTONIA Bruce, 1968b:289 

Type species: Pontonia! brevirostris 

Platypontonia brevirostris (Miers, 1884) 

Pontonia? brevirostris Miers, 1884:562, pi. 51: fig. B 

Seychelles; 22m, in "clamp shells" 

164. Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1971:126, figs. 

1-7 

Near TUle'ar, southwestern Madagascar, in bivalve 

mollusk, Pycnodonta 

Platypontonia pterostreae 

Platypontonia pterostreae Suzuki, 1971:5, figs. 3, 4, 

pi. 3 

Hatsu-shima, Sagami Bay, Honshu, Japan; in bivalve 

mollusk, Pterostrea 

= Platypontonia hyotis 

PLESIOPONTONIA Bruce, 1985b:248 

Type species: Plesiopontonia monodi 

165. Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985b:250, figs. 15-17 

Balayan Bay, southern Luzon, Philippines; 13°49.6'N, 

120°51'E; 299-320 m 

PLIOPONTONIA Bruce, 1973b:97 

Type species: Pliopontonia furtiva 

166. Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973b:99, figs. 1-5, pi. 1 

Ras Iwatine, Mombasa, Kenya; 4°00.55'S, 

39°44.17'E; 1 m, on coralliomorph zoantharian, 

Rhodactis 

PONTON ELLA Heller, 1856:629 

Type species: Pontonella glabra 

= TYPTON 

Pontonella glabra Heller, 1856:634, pi. 9 

Zadar, Yugoslavia 

= Typton spongicola 

*PONTONIA Latreille, 1829:96 

Type species: Palaemon pinnophylax 

ALC1OPE 

Pontonia anachoreta Kemp, 1922:264, figs. 93-95 

Off Madras coast; 37 m, in ascidian 

Pontonia ardeae Bruce, 1981d:113, figs. 1-8 

Wistari Reef, Heron Island, Capricorn Group, Queen- 

sland, Australia; 23°27.5'S, 151°55.0'E; 18-21 m, 

in bivalve mollusk, Chama 

P[ontonia] armata—See Paranchistus armatus 

167. Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898:389 

Blanche Bay, New Britain; in ascidian 

Pontonia biunguiculata Paulson, 1875:111, pi. 15: fig. 1 

Red Sea 

= Conchodytes nipponensis 

Pontonia? brevirostris—See Platypontonia brevirostris 

Pontonia californiensis Rathbun, 1902:902 

Off Santa Cruz Island, California; 34°00'N, 

119°29'30"W;55m 

Pontonia chimaera Holthuis, 195la: 125, pi. 39 

West of El Cocal, Isla Pedro Gonzalez, Archipielago 

de las Perlas, Panama; subtidal, in mantle cavity of 

young bivalve mollusk, Strombus galeatus 

Pontonia custos Gue"rin-M6neville, 1832:366, pi. 37: 

fig. 1 


Pontonia (Harpilius) dentata Richters, 1880:165, pi. 17: 

figs. 36-38 

Hot Fouquets, Mauritius, Indian Ocean 

= HarpUiopsis beaupresu 

Pontonia Diazonae Joliet, 1882:118 

Mediterranean Sea; in ascidian 


Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850:196 

South Carolina 

Pontonia occidentalis 

Pontonia flavomaculata Heller, 1864:51 

Adriatic Sea 

Alciope heterochela 

Pontonia phallusiae 

Pontonia diazonae 

Pontonia grayi Rathbun, 1901:122 

San Juan, Puerto Rico 

= Pontonia mexicana 

Pontonia heterochelis Gue'rin-Me'neville, 1832:37 [cited 

as manuscript name] 


Pontonia hurti Holthuis, 1981:796, fig. 4 

Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands; from mantle cavity of 

bivalve mollusk, Spondylus 

Pontonia inflata H. Milne Edwards, 1840:633 

Sri Lanka and "Vanicoso" [= Vanikoro, Santa Cruz 

Islands] 


168. Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940b:55, figs. 21-23 

Off Shimoda, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan; in branchial 

cavity of ascidian, Halocynthia 

Pontonia longispina Holthuis, 195la: 128, pi. 40 

"Puerto Refugio," Isla Angel de la Guardia, Golfo de 

California; shore, rocky reef 

P[ontoniaJ macropthalma—See Coralliocaris

62 

macrophthalma 

Pontonia maculata Stimpson, 1860:38 

Bonin Islands, in bivalve mollusk, Tridacna 


Pontonia maldivensis—See Pontonides maldivensis 

Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869b:245 

Bay of Panama 

Coralliocaris Camerani 

Pontonia medipacifica Edmondson, 1935:6, fig. 2 

Midway Island; shallow water 

Pontonia mexicana GueYin-Mdneville, 1855:xix, pi. 2: 

fig. 12 

Atlantic coast of Mexico 

Pontonia grayi 

Pontonia minuta Baker, 1907:189, pi. 24: figs. 9-12 

South Australia 

Pontonia miserabUis Holthuis, 195la: 148, pi. 47d-i 

Off Vieques Island, Puerto Rico; 29 m, coral 

Pontonia monnioti Bruce, 1990a: 183, figs. 21-24, 

38e-h, 39i,j 

Chesterfield Islands; 24°46.6'S, 159°40.3'E; 285 m, in 

ascidian, Ascidia 

Pontonia occidentalis Gibbes, 1848; app; xvi [nomen 

nudum] 

= Pontonia domestica 

*169. Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922:261, figs. 89-92 

Off Cape Negrais, Burma; 15°2SV, 93°45 / E; 73-126 

m, in ascidian, Ascidia 

Pontonia parasitica P. Roux, 1831:26 

Peloponnesus, Greece; in bivalve moilusk, Pinna 


Pontonia phallusiae Marion, 1879:226 

Marseille 


Pontonia pinnae Lockington, 1878:163 

Bahia de Los Angeles, Bahia de Mulege, and Isla San 

Jose, Gulf of California 

Pontonia pinnae Ortmann, 1894:16, pi. 1: fig. 3 [not 

Pontonia pinnae Lockington, 1878] 

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; in bivalve mollusk, Pinna 

- Anchistus custos 

Pontonia pinnophylax (Otto, 1821) 

Palaemon pinnophylax Otto, 1821:12 

Naples, in bivalve mollusk, Pinna 

Pontonia par asitica 

Pontonia custos Gue'rin-Me'neville 

Pontonia heterochelis Gu6rin-M€neville 

Pontonia pulsatrix Nardo, 1847:5, 6, 35 

Gulf of Venice 


Pontoniapusilla Holthuis, 195la: 142, pi. 45 

Isla Salango, Ecuador, 6 m 

Pontonia quadratophthalma—See Onycocaris 

quadratophthalma 


Pontonia quasipusilla Chace, 1972b:41, fig. 10 

Charlotte Point, Enflish Harbour, Antigua, Leeward 

Islands 

170. Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972c: 182, fig. 1 

Curtis Channel, Port Curtis, Queensland, Australia; in 

ascidian, Styela whiteleggei 

Pontonia simplex Holthuis, 195la: 135, pi. 42 

Bahia Tenacatita, Estado de Jalisco, Mexico; lagoon, 

in bivalve mollusks, Pinna 

Pontonia spighti Fujino, 1972:293, figs. 1-3 

"Playa del Coco," Costa Rica; sublittoral, in ascidian, 

Rhopalaea 

171. Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 169, figs. 82-84 

Between Pulau Misool and New Guinea; 1°42.5S, 

130°47.5W;32m 

Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880:422, pi. 14: fig. 9 


Pontonia Vagans Gourret, 1888:39 

Golfe de Marseille between Tie de Tiboulen and Port 

de Mejean; 64 m 

?= Typton spongicola 

*PONTONIDES Borradaile, 1917:387 

Type species: Pontonia maldivensis 

Pontonides maldivensis (Borradaile, 1915) 

Pontonia maldivensis Borradaile, 1915:213 

Fadiffolu Atoll, Maldive Islands 

Pontonides sympathes De Ridder and Holthuis, 

1979:101, figs. 1-3 

Punta Pitt, northeast coast of Isla San Cristobal, 

Galapagos Islands; 8 m, on antipatharian Antipathes 

galapagensis 

Pontonides unciger Caiman, 1939:213, figs. 6, 7 

Southern Red Sea; 13°31'N, 42°31'E; 55 m 

PONTONIOPSIS Borradaile, 1915:207 

Type species: Pontoniopsis comanthi 

172. Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915:213 

Torres Strait, on crinoid, Comanthus 

Pontoniopsis paulae Gore, 1981:139, fig. 1 

Carysfort Reef, off Key Largo, Monroe County, 

Florida; 25°10.30'N, 80° 12.82'W; 62.5 m, on 

ventral surface of echinoid, Meoma ventricosa 

PROPONTONIA Bruce, 1969c: 141 

Type species: Propontonia pellucida 

Propontonia pellucida Bruce, 1969c: 142, figs. 1-5 

Remire Reef, Amirante Isles, Seychelles; 5°04'S, 

53°22'E; 1.5 m, on alcyonarian Sarcophyton 

crassicaule 

PSEUDOCOUTIEREA Holthuis, 195la: 11, 182 

Type species: Pseudocoutierea elegans 

Pseudocoutierea antillensis Chace, 1972b:43, fig. 11 

Saba Bank, Leeward Islands; 17°28TSf, 63°13^; 13 m 

Pseudocoutierea conchae Criales, 1981:174, fig. 1 

1 l°18 / N,74°10'W; 15 m, on alcyonarian, Leptogorgia 

Pseudocoutierea edentata Criales, 1981:168, figs. 2-5


Bahia Concha, Colombia; 1 \°1%*N, 74°lO'W; 18 m 

Pseudocoutierea elegans Holthuis, 195la: 182, pi. 55 

0.5 mile [0.8 km] east of Long Point, Santa Catalina 

Island, southern California: 82-91 m 

PSEUDOPONTONIDES Heard, 1986:479 

Type species: Neopontonides principis 

Pseudopontonides principis (Criales, 1980) 

Neopontonides principis Criales, 1980:75, figs. 

25-29 

Awa di Oostpunt, Curac.ao; 18 m 

STEGOPONTONIA Nobili, 1906a:258 

Type species: Stegopontonia commensalis 

Stegopontonia commensalis Nobili, 1906a:258 

Lagoon at Hao, TUamotu Archipelago; commensal 

with echinoid, Echinothrix 

TECTOPONTONIA Bruce, 1973c: 169 

Type species: Tectopontonia maziwiae 

Tectopontonia maziwiae Bruce, 1973c: 172, figs. 1-4 

Maziwi Island, off Pangani, Tanzania; 5°3O.O'S, 

39°04.1 'E; 4 m, on coral, Acropora 

*THAUMASTOCARIS Kemp, 1922:244 

Type species: Thaumastocaris streptopus 

*173. Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922:244, figs. 

78-80 

Noumea, New Caledonia 

TRIDACNOCARIS Nobili, 1899:235 

Replacement name for ANCHISTUS 

TULEARIOCARIS Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1965:247 

Type species: Tuleariocaris holthuisi 

Tuleariocaris holthuisi Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1965:248, 

pis. 1-5 

Tul6ar, Madagascar; on echinoids, Echinometra and 

Stomopneustes 

Tueariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969:266, figs. 10, 11 

Bellairs Research Institute of McGill University, St. 

James, Barbados; on echinoid, Diadema 

Tuleariocaris zanzibarica Bruce, 1967a:33, figs. 13-18 

Mtoni, Zanzibar; low tide, on echinoid, Astropyga 

TYPTON O.G. Costa, 1844:288 

Type species: Typton spongicola 

PONTONELLA 

Typton anomalus (Bruce, 1979) 

Onycocaris anomala Bruce, 1979b:69, figs. 1-4 

Between North and South Shell Islands, Darwin, 

Northern Australia; 6-13 m 

Typton australis Bruce, 1973d:254, figs. 1-4 

Great Barrier Reef, Australia 

Typton bawii Bruce, 1972d:243, figs. 1-5 

South of Bawi Island, Zanzibar, 6°9.7'S, 39°8.3'E; 

18-25 m, in sponge 

Typton Bouvieri—See Periclimenaeus bouvieri 

Typton carneus Holthuis, 195la: 162, pi. 51: figs. a,e,k,l 


Typton crosslandi Bruce, 1978c:294, figs. 1-3 

Off Isla Onslow, near Isla Santa Maria, Galapagos 

Islands; 7 m 

Typton dentatus Fujino and Miyake, 1969c:80, figs. 1,2 

"Ukachi," Yoron-jima, Ryukyu Islands; from sponge 

Typton dimorphus Bruce, 1986f:278, figs. 1-4 

Ashmore Reef, Timor Sea; 12°15'S, 123°E; 5 m 

Typton distinctus Chace, 1972b:49, figs. 13, 14 

Los Arroyos, Provincia de Pinar del Rio, Cuba 

Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 195la: 159, pi. 50 

Dry Tortugas, Florida; 82 m 

Typton hephaestus Holthuis, 195la: 159, pi. 49: figs, 

o-p 

Southern Gulf of California; 24°12'N, 109°55'W; 

18m 

Typton nanus Bruce, 1987d:49, figs. 1-5 

Australian North-West Shelf; 16°34'S, 121°27'E; 

40-46m 

Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951a:165, pi. 52 

Dry Tortugas, Florida; 18 m 

Typton serratus Holthuis, 195la: 167, pi. 53 

Tagus Cove, Isla Isabella, Galapagos Islands; in red 

sponge 

Typton spongicola O.G. Costa, 1844:289 

Naples 

Pontonia pulsatrix 

Pontonella glabra 

Typton spongiosus 

IPontonia Vagans 

Typton spongiosus Bate, 1868b: 119, pi. 11: fig. 1 

British 


Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911:57, pi. 1: fig. 2 


Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 195la: 157, pi. 1: figs, a-n 

South of Dry Tortugas, Florida 

Typton wasini Bruce, 1977d:272, figs. 1-6 

Wasini Island Channel, Kenya; 4°39.4'S, 39°22.2'E; 

11 m, in sponge, Reniera 

UROCARIS Stimpson, 1860:39 

Type species: Urocaris longicaudata 


Urocaris de Mani Balss, 1816:29, fig. 10 

Sette Cama, Gabon 

= Periclimenes scriptus 

Urocaris indica—See Periclimenes indicus 

Urocaris infraspinis—See Periclimenes infraspinis 

Urocaris longicaudatus—See Periclimenes longicaudatus 

Urocaris longipes—See Periclimenes longipes 

Urocaris psamathe—See Periclimenes psamathe 

VELERONIA Holthuis, 195la: 11, 195 

Type species: Veleronia serratifrons 

Veleronia laevifrons Holthuis, 195la: 199, pi. 63: 

figs, f-m

64 

Bahia de Gardner, Isla Espanola, Galapagos Islands; 

7m 

Veleronia serratifrons Holthuis, 195 la: 196, pis. 62, 63: 

figs, a-e 

La Libertad, Ecuador, 7 m 

VELERONIOPSIS Gore, 1981:145 

Type species: Veleroniopsis kimallynae 

Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981:147, fig. 2 

Elbow Reef, off Key Largo, Monroe County, Florida; 

25°O7.7O / N, 80° 15.9CW; 18.3 m, from relict coral, 

Montastraea 

VIR Holthuis, 1952c:4, 6, 29 

Type species: Palaemonella orientalis 

174. Vir orientalis (Dana, 1852) 

Palaemonella orientalis Dana, 1852a:26 

Sulu Sea 

Key to Genera of Pontoniinae 


175. Vir philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:87, figs. 

1-4 

Cebu, Philippines; associated with scleractinian coral, 

Plerogyra sinuosa 

WALDOLA Holthuis, 195la: 11, 185 

Type species: Waldola schmitti 

Waldola schmitti Holthuis, 195 la: 186, pis. 58, 59: 

figs, a-f 

Isla Isabela, Nayarit, Mexico; 18-46 m 

ZENOPONTONIA Bruce, 1975d:275 

Type species: Periclimenes (Periclimenes) noverca 

Zenopontonia noverca (Kemp, 1922) 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) noverca Kemp, 

1922:162, figs. 28-30 

New Caledonia 

1. Third maxilliped bearing exopod (reduced in Metapontonia, vestigial in Balssia and 

Tectopontonia) 2 

Third maxilliped without exopod 54 

2. Carapace bearing hepatic spine (nearly postorbital in Tuleariocaris, minute in adult 

Paranchistus armatus) 3 

Carapace without hepatic spine 14 

3. Hepatic spine movable 4 

Hepatic spine immovable 7 

4. Rostrum dentate throughout length of dorsal margin 5 

Rostrum unarmed on posterior '/2 of dorsal margin 6 

5. Rostrum armed with ventral tooth; protopod of uropod distolaterally blunt 

Allopontonia 

(Kenya, Zanzibar, Great Barrier Reef 

of Australia, and Gulf of California) 

Rostrum unarmed ventrally; protopod of uropod distolaterally acute 

Zenopontonia 

(Zanzibar, Madagascar, Queensland,Australia, 

and New Caledonia; on oreasterid asteroids) 

6. Rostrum unarmed anterodorsally, telson with dorsolateral spines robust; associated 

with ascidians *Dasella 

Rostrum feebly to moderately armed anterodorsally; telson with dorsolateral spines 

slender, associated with mollusks Paranchistus 

7. Lateral rostral carina forming broad supraocular eave 8 

Lateral rostral carina not forming broad supraocular eave 9 

8. Rostrum unarmed dorsally and ventrally; supraocular eave dentate; epistome 

bearing large paired submedian horn-like processes; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 

segments, merus and ischium not fused Parapontonia 

(Great Barrier Reef of Australia and New 

Caledonia; associated with crinoids) 

Rostrum dentate dorsally; supraocular eave not dentate; epistome not bearing 

horn-like processes; 3rd pereopod composed of 6 segments, merus and ischium 

indistinguishably fused Tuleariocaris 

(Western Indian Ocean, Hawaii, and West 

Indies; associated with echinoids)


9. Rostrum elongate, subequal to carapace length, dorsal teeth obsolescent; cornea of 

eye ogival Carinopontonia 

(Northwest Shelf of Australia; 83 m) 

Rostrum generally shorter than carapace length, dorsally dentate; cornea generally 

globular (except occasionally in Periclimenes 10 

10. Second pereopods very dissimilar, 3rd pereopod with conspicuous, hoof-shaped 

protuberance on dactyl *Jocaste 

Second pereopods similar, even if unequal; 3rd pereopod without protuberance on 

dactyl unless concealed by flexion into propodal slot 11 

11. Carapace either strongly depressed or with sinuous, lobate, or grossly dentate dorsal 

profile, especially in males 12 

Carapace somewhat compressed laterally, dorsal profile not very uneven ... 13 

12. Rostrum unarmed ventrally; carapace not unusually depressed, dorsal profile 

sinuous, lobate, or dentate, especially in males; 3rd pereopod with dactyl neither 

twisted nor with carinate margins Dasycaris 

Rostrum dentate ventrally; carapace strongly depressed, faintly convex in dorsal 

profile; 3rd pereopod with dactyl twisted, with more or less carinate margins 

*Harpiliopsis 

13. Fifth abdominal somite with pleura sharp-pointed; mandible with palp 

*Palaemonella 

Fifth abdominal somite usually with pleura not sharp-pointed; mandible without 

palp *Periclimenes 

14. Body strongly compressed; lateral branch of uropod without marginal distolateral 

tooth but with large, laterally curved spine at diaeresis Ischnopontonia 

Body not strongly compressed; lateral branch of uropod with marginal distolateral 

tooth, without hook-like spine at diaeresis 15 

15. Lateral branch of uropod armed laterally with 5 or 6 strong, curved, hook-like teeth 

Anapontonia 

Lateral branch of uropod without series of hook-like teeth 16 

16. Lateral branch of uropod with fixed tooth 17 

Lateral branch of uropod usually armed only with mobile spines or unarmed . . . 

42 

17. Third pereopod with hollowed, hoof-shaped protuberance on dactyl 

*Coralliocaris 

Third pereopod without hoof-shaped protuberance on dactyl 18 

18. Lateral carina of rostrum expanded into broad supraorbital or postorbital eave 

19 

Rostrum not broadly expanded into supraorbital or post-orbital eave 22 

19. Rostrum dentate dorsally, supraorbital eave armed with 1 or 2 anterior teeth . 20 

Rostrum not dentate in dorsal midline, supraorbital eave unarmed 21 

20. Carapace unarmed in dorsal midline; abdomen with pleura of 5th somite rounded; 

3rd maxilliped with well-developed exopod Araiopontonia 

(Ryukyu Islands, Great Barrier Reef of 

Australia, and Marshall Islands) 

Carapace armed with 3 large teeth in dorsal midline; abdomen with pleura of 5th 

somite sharp-pointed; 3rd maxilliped with exopod vestigial Balssia 

(Mediterranean Sea and Guinea; 45-70 m, 

associated with Precious Coral) 

21. Body robust, squat, strongly depressed; 2nd pereopods subequal, strongly 

compressed Notopontonia 

(South Australia; 80 m) 

Body elongate, subcylindrical; 2nd pereopods markedly unequal, subcylindrical 

Stegopontonia 

(Kenya and Zanzibar to Tuamotu Archipelago; 

associated with echinoids)


22. Carapace bearing antennal spine 23 

Carapace without antennal spine 41 

23. Antennal scale rudimentary Typton 

(Kenya, Zanzibar, La Reunion, Ryukyu Islands, 

Australia, Galapagos Islands, Gulf of California, 

western tropical Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea; 

associated with sponges) 

Antennal scale moderately to well developed 24 

24. Rostrum dorsally dentate in male, non-dentate in female; 2nd to 5th pereopods with 

distinct ventrolateral flange on merus Altopontonia 

(New Caledonia; 350-525 m) 

Rostrum similar in male and female; 2nd to 5th pereopods without conspicuous 

ventrolateral flange on merus 25 

25. Rostrum dorsally dentate 26 

Rostrum unarmed dorsally 39 

26. First pereopod with carpus subdivided *Thaumastocaris 

First pereopods with carpus entire, not subdivided 27 

27. Third pereopod with dactyl long, slender, and simple, unlike short, stout, and 

biunguiculate dactyls of 4th and 5th pereopods Onycocaridites 

(Arafura Sea; 60 m, in sponge) 

Third pereopod with dactyl not very different from those of 4th and 5th pereopods 

28 

28. Orbit with strong marginal spine at midlength of ventral margin . . Epipontonia 

(Kenya and Australia; 12-18 m, 

associated with sponges) 

Orbit unarmed on ventral margin except occasionally at suborbital angle ... 29 

29. Telson with 4 pairs of dorsolateral spines Plesiopontonia 

Telson with 2 or 3 pairs of dorsolateral spines 30 

30. Second pereopods dissimilar 31 

Second pereopods similar, not necessarily equal 35 

31. Major chela with molar-like tooth on movable finger opposite socket in fixed finger 

*Periclimenaeus 

Major chela without molar-like tooth on movable finger or socket in fixed finger 

32 

32. Telson with both pairs of dorsolateral spines arising in anterior '/2 of length; 

antennal scale overreaching antennal peduncle by little, if at all; mandible with 

incisor process acuminate or bifid 33 

Telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising in posterior '/2 of length; 

antennal scale far overreaching antennal peduncle; mandible with incisor process 

truncate, distal margin dentate 34 

33. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth large, far overreaching distal margin of blade; 

mandible with incisor process acuminate; 2nd maxilla with endite much reduced; 

minor 2nd chela with movable finger swollen, overreaching fixed finger, 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate Exopontonia 

(Timor Sea; intertidal) 

Antennal scale with distolateral tooth small, not overreaching distal margin of blade 

by much, if at all; mandible with incisor process bifid; 2nd maxilla with endite 

elongate, bifid; minor 2nd chela with movable finger acuminate, not overreaching 

fixed finger by much; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple .... Periclimenoides 

(Hong Kong, southern Japan, Australia; 15 m) 

34. Major 2nd chela with movable finger unarmed, distinctly overreaching fixed finger, 

minor 2nd chela with fingers not densely tuberculate on most of lengths of 

opposable margins Hamiger 

(Off North Cape, New Zealand; 128 meters)


Major 2nd chela with movable finger armed with subtriangular tooth on opposable 

margin, not distinctly overreaching fixed finger, minor 2nd chela with fingers 

densely tuberculate on opposable margins Orthopontonia 

(Tanzania and Great Barrier Reef, Australia; 

associated with sponge Jaspis) 

35. Rostrum unarmed ventrally Pliopontonia 

Rostrum with 1 or more ventral teeth, sometimes very small 36 

36. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade 

Vir 

Antennal scale with distolateral tooth reaching to or beyond level of distal margin 

of blade 37 

37. Third pereopod with dactyl armed with series of sharp teeth on flexor margin 

Diapontonia 

(Bahamas, western Atlantic; 244-309 meters, 

associated with echinoid) 

Third pereopod with dactyl simple, flexor margin unarmed 38 

38. Mandible with small palp Eupontonia 

(Seychelle Islands; reef flat) 

Mandible without palp *PhUarius 

39. Second pereopods similar though unequal, chelae strongly compressed, borne in 

vertical plane with movable finger ventrad Isopontonia 

(Chesterfield Islands; 15 m) 

Second pereopods dissimilar and unequal, chelae subcylindrical, not strongly 

compressed, borne in horizontal plane with movable finger laterad 40 

40. Rostrum not T-shaped, lateral carina feebly developed; eyes small, slender, in 

obsolescent orbits; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl multidentate 

Amphipontonia 

(New Caledonia; 300 m, associated with 

antipatharians and/or ascidians) 

Rostrum T-shaped in section, with broad lateral carina; eyes large, in deep orbits; 

3rd pereopod with dactyl simply biunguiculate Pontoniopsis 

41. First pereopod with fingers narrowly spatulate, about as long as palm; 2nd pereopod 

with fingers not spatulate, palm more than 1V2 times as long as deep; 3rd pereopod 

with dactyl subconical and feebly armed Onycocaridella 

First pereopod with fingers not spatulate, less than '/2 as long as palm; 2nd pereopod 

with fingers subspatulate, palm less than 1 '/2 times as long as deep; 3rd pereopod 

with dactyl strongly compressed and elaborately denticulate .... Onycocaris 

42. Lateral branch of uropod with several movable spines at diaeresis 43 

Lateral branch of uropod with single lateral movable spine 44 

43. Second pereopods similar and subequal, without molar process or opposing socket 

on fingers Apopontonia 

(Madagascar, Australia, New Caledonia) 

Second pereopods subequal but dissimilar, major chela with molar process on fixed 

finger opposing socket on dactyl Paraclimenaeus 

(Tanzania and Seychelle and Maldive islands; 

36-91 m, associated with sponges) 

44. Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended eyes 45 

Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended eyes 50 

45. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth far overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd 

pereopod with large, compressed, angulate protuberance on flexor margin of 

dactyl 46 

Antennal scale with distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd 

pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl slightly convex, at most spinose, in 

proximal x li of length 47


46. Third maxillipeds operculiform with distal and penultimate segments reduced 

Chernocaris 

Third maxillipeds conventional, distal segments not unusually reduced 

*Conchodytes 

47. Telson curving ventrad posteriorly, posterior margin without movable spines, 

deeply incised and forming pair of fixed teeth separated by U-shaped sinus 

Hamopontonia 

Telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin bearing movable spines, not incised 

48 

48. Rostrum laterally compressed *Anchistus 

Rostrum usually dorsoventrally compressed 49 

49. Anterior margin of carapace nearly vertical, not produced anteriorly; 3rd pereopod 

with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate Neoanchistus 

(Madagascar, Oman; associated with bivalve mollusks) 

Anterior margin of carapace produced moderately or strongly anteriorly as rounded 

branchiostegal or pterygostomian lobe; 3rd pereopod biunguiculate, subdistal 

tooth sometimes distalmost spine of series on flexor margin of dactyl 

*Pontonia 

50. Rostrum armed dorsally with 1 or more teeth 51 

Rostrum dorsally unarmed, flattened 53 

51. Rostrum with single subrectangular dorsal tooth at base Metapontonia 

(Western Indian Ocean and Ryukyu Islands; 

associated with fungiid corals) 

Rostrum armed dorsally with 3-6 teeth 52 

52. Carapace with several small suborbital spines; 3rd maxilliped with well-developed 

exopod; 2nd pereopod with chela longer than carpus, movable finger small but 

normal; telson with posterior spines straight Fennera 

(Kenya, Seychelles, La Reunion, Maldives, Sri 

Lanka, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, Hawaii, 

Galapagos, and Pacific coast of America from 

Mexico to Colombia; associated with stony corals) 

Carapace with large postorbital spine; 3rd maxilliped with rudimentary exopod; 2nd 

pereopod with chela shorter than carpus, movable finger semispherical; telson 

with median and submedian posterior spines curved ventrad 

Tectopontonia 

(Tanzania; associated with coral Acropora) 

53. Carapace without antennal spine; telson with dorsal spines slender . . . Platycaris 

Carapace with prominent antennal spine; telson with dorsal spines robust 

Platypontonia 

54. Frontal margin formed by transverse or convex anterior margins of supraorbital 

eaves; if transverse, margin armed with about dozen sharp teeth, median one 

enlarged to form rostrum-like spike; if convex, margin unarmed, not bearing 

rostral substitute 55 

Frontal margin not formed by supraorbital eaves 56 

55. Carapace having 2 large, blunt, compressed teeth in dorsal midline and postorbital 

tubercle laterally, orbit open posteriorly Chacella 

(Gulf of California; 30 meters, 

associated with antipatharian) 

Carapace without large middorsal prominences or postorbital tubercle, orbit closed 

posteriorly Veleronia 

(Ecuador and Galapagos Islands; 4-27 meters) 

56. Carapace bearing immovable hepatic or postorbital tooth or spine 57 

Carapace without hepatic or postorbital spine 64 

57. Rostrum dentate in dorsal midline 58


Rostrum unarmed in dorsal midline 62 

58. Rostrum armed ventrally 59 

Rostrum unarmed ventrally 60 

59. Carapace bearing antennal spine Propontonia 

(Kenya, Zanzibar, Comoro Islands, Seychelles, 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia; 

associated with alcyonarians) 

Carapace without antennal spine Mesopontonia 

60. Carapace without antennal spine Waldola 

(Pacific coast of America 

from Mexico to Colombia) 

Carapace with antennal spine 61 

61. Second pereopods very unequal; 3rd pereopod with strong basal protuberance on 

dactyl Hamodactyloides 

(Red Sea, Kenya, Zanzibar, La Reunion, Ryukyu 

Islands, Great Barrier Reef of Australia; 

associated with hydroid Millepora) 

Second pereopods equal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl slender, without basal 

protuberance Hamodactylus 

62. Rostrum with lateral carina feebly expanded into unarmed supraorbital eave; 2nd 

pereopods subequal and similar, merus and ischium dentate on flexor margins 

Miopontonia 

(Off Western Australia; 40 m) 

Rostrum with lateral carina expanded into broad, anteriorly dentate supraorbital 

eave; 2nd pereopods unequal, similar or not, merus and ischium unarmed on flexor 

margins 63 

63. Carapace and abdomen distinctly sculptured, former with deep branchiostegal sinus 

anteroventrally; major 2nd pereopod without proximal tooth on flexor margin of 

movable finger Coutierea 

(West Indies; 148 or 165-172 m) 

Carapace and abdomen smooth, not sculptured, former without branchiostegal sinus 

anteroventrally; major 2nd pereopod with large proximal tooth on flexor margin of 

movable finger Lipkebe 

(Eastern Gulf of Mexico and off Brazil; 

119-150 m, associated with crinoids) 

64. Carapace bearing antennal spine 65 


65. Carapace with longitudinal branchiostegal suture; abdomen with pleuron of 5th 

somite sharply acute posteriorly Pseudocoutierea 

(Pacific America from southern California to 

Galapagos Islands, Leeward Islands, and 

Caribbean coast of Colombia; 13-91 m, 

associated with gorgonians) 

Carapace without branchiostegal suture; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite 

rounded 66 

66. Carapace with deep pterygostomian notch at anterolateral angle 

Pseudopontonides 

(Northern Gulf of Mexico and Netherlands Antilles; 

associated with antipatharians and alcyonarians) 

Carapace without notch at pterygostomian angle 67 

67. Rostrum distinctly overreaching anteriorly extended eyes, lateral carina not broadly 

expanded as supraorbital eave Neopontonides 

(Pacific America from Gulf of California 

to Ecuador, associated with gorgonians)

70 


Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended eyes little if at all, lateral carina broadly 

expanded into supraorbital eave *Pontonides 

68. Rostrum lacking; antennal scale small, without distolateral spine . . . Paratypton 

(Red Sea, Tanzania, Kenya, La Reunion, Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia, and Marshall, Fiji, and 

Samoa islands; forming cysts in acroporid corals) 

Rostrum present; antennal scale well developed, with disto-lateral spine .... 69 

69. Entire orbital margin spinose; lateral branch of uropod with movable spine mesial 

to fixed distal tooth Ctenopontonia 

(Marshall Islands; 5-15 m, 

on faviid coral Cyphastraea) 

Orbital margin not spinose; lateral branch of uropod without movable spine mesial 

to fixed distal tooth Veleroniopsis 

(Florida Keys; 18 meters, 

associated with relict stony coral) 

Anapontonia Bruce, 1966 

Anapontonia Bruce, 1966a:584, 595-597 [type species, by original designation: 

Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966a:596; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum barely overreaching anteriorly extended 

eyes, compressed laterally, rostral formula 6-10 + 

5-10/0, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or 

postocular eave; carapace strongly compressed, dorsal profile 

convex and dentate on anterior l /2, variably concave and 

unarmed posteriorly, anterior margin partially produced as 

blunt lobe, partially deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal 

ridge parallel with ventral margin or longitudinal 

branchiostegal suture, unarmed except for acute suborbital 

angle, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with 

pleuron of 5th somite bluntly angulate, not sharp-pointed; 

telson not curved strongly ventrad, posterior margin not 

incised, posterior spines not curved ventrad, without dorsolateral 

spines; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes; 

antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine unusually 

robust and overreaching blade by most of length; mandible 

without palp; 3rd maxilliped with rigid exopod; 4th thoracic 

stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod with 

carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, not 

necessarily equal, chela much longer than carpus, not borne in 

vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided 

with socket and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not 

semicircular, palm more than 1 1 /2 times as long as high; 3rd 

pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not 

fused, dactyl unarmed on flexor margin, without hoof-shaped 

or triangular protuberances, merus unarmed on flexor margin; 

uropod with lateral branch bearing series of strong fixed teeth 

on distal '/2 of lateral margin; associated with oculinid corals of 

genus Galaxea. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar, Comoro Islands, Singapore, and Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia. 

REMARKS.—Only one species is known. 

56. Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966 

Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966a:595-597 [type locality: Pange Reef, 

Zanzibar]; 1967a:3, figs. 1-4. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum carapace 

length 3.2 mm. 

RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean, Singapore, and Queensland, 

Australia; living at base of columns of coral Galaxea in 

shallow water. 

*Anchistus Borradaile, 1898 

Anchistus Borradaile, 1898a:387 [type species, by original designation: 

Harpilius Miersi De Man, 1888a:274; gender: masculine]. 

Tridacnocaris Nobili, 1899:235 [replacement name for Anchistus Borradaile, 

1898; gender: feminine]. 

Marygrande Pesta, 1911:571 [type species, by monotypy: Marygrande 

mirabilis Pesta, 1911:571; gender: feminine]. 

Ensiger Borradaile. 1915:207 [type species, designated by Borradaile, 

1917:376: Anchistia aurantiaca Dana, 1852a:25 (= Cancer custos Forskal, 

1775:94); gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended 

eyes, compressed laterally, if armed dorsally, teeth confined to 

anterior '/2 of length, lateral carina not expanded into broad 

supraocular or postocular eave; carapace not compressed 

laterally, dorsal profile slightly convex, not dentate or lobate, 

anterior margin not partially produced as prominent rounded 

lobe, not partially deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal 

ridge parallel with ventral margin or longitudinal branchiostegal 

suture, with or without antennal spine, otherwise 

completely unarmed, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; 

abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded, not sharppointed; 

telson not curved ventrad, posterior margin not deeply 

incised, median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not 

curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines slender or minute, not 

robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes; 

antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not reaching 

as far as level of distal margin of blade; mandible without palp;


3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without 

slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not 

subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar but not necessarily equal, 

chela much longer than carpus, not borne in vertical plane, 

movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket 

and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular, 

palm more than IV2 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod 

composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl 

sometimes with flexor margin dentate, often with extensor 

surface densely microspinulate, sometimes biunguiculate, but 

never with massive hoof-shaped or triangular protuberance, 

merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch 

bearing single movable lateral spine without distinct fixed 

tooth; living in mantle cavity of bivalve mollusks. 

Key to Species of Anchistus 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Philippines and 

Indonesia and eastward through Pacific Ocean as far as 

Tuamotu Archipelago. 

REMARKS.—Inasmuch as Bruce has modified the composition 

of the genus since he presented a key to the species 

(1967b:567) by transferring Pontonia armata to the genus 

Paranchistus (1975e:49) and by adding two previously 

undescribed species (1977a:50,56), it may be desirable to offer 

below a revision of the earlier key. Marygrande mirabilis 

Pesta, 1911, which Kemp (1922:252) postulated to be based on 

two forms of Anchistus, is still a species inquirenda not 

included among the eight species in the key. Apparently only 

two of the species are thus far known from the area covered in 

this report. 

1. Carapace bearing distinct antennal spine 2 


2. Third pereopod with dactyl bearing accessory tooth on flexor margin 

*61. A. miersi 

Third pereopod with dactyl simple, without accessory tooth on flexor margin . . 3 

3. Rostrum apically acute, armed with 3 dorsal and 1 ventral teeth 

A. gravieri Kemp, 1922:252 

Great Barrier Reef, Australia (in bivalve 

mollusk Hippopus), New Caledonia, 

and Santa Cruz Islands, South Pacific 

Rostrum apically truncate or rounded 4 

4. Rostrum bearing about 6 faint marginal elevations anterodorsally and apically; 3rd 

maxilliped with antepenultimate segment twice as wide as penultimate segment 

58. A. custoides 

Rostrum armed with 3 distinct teeth on truncate apical margin; 3rd maxilliped with 

antepenultimate segment little, if any, wider than penultimate segment 

A. pectinis Kemp, 1925:327 

(Zanzibar, Nicobar Islands, Japan, Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia, and New 

Caledonia; in bivalve mollusk Pecten) 

5. Rostrum unarmed; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about twice as wide 

as penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with chela unusually curled to form open 

tube; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 59. A. custos 

Rostrum armed with 2 to 5 anterodorsal teeth; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate 

segment little wider than penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with chela normal, 

not curled; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 6 

6. Rostrum apically acute, armed with 4 or 5 anterodorsal and 1 ventral teeth 

57. A. australis 

Rostrum apically truncate, armed with 2 anterodorsal teeth 60. A. demani 

57. Anchistus australis Bruce, 1977 

Anchistus australis, forma typica Bruce, 1977a:56, figs. 7-9 [type locality: 

Capre Cay, Swain Reefs, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; in Tridacna derasa]. 

Anchistus australis.—Bruce, 1983c:892, fig. 10A. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically acute, rostral formula 4-5/1; 

carapace without antennal spine below ventral orbital angle; 

3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment little wider than 

penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with chela normal, not 

cannulate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate; maximum 


RANGE.—Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, Marshall 

Islands, New Caledonia, and Fiji Islands; living in 

Tridacna derasa.

72 

58. Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977 

Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977*50, figs. 4-6 [type locality: N.W. end Gillett 

Cay (Swain Reefs), Queensland, Australia; 21°43'S, 152°25'E; from Atrina 

vexillum. not "West Cay, Diamond Islets," as erroneously cited in Bruce 

(1977a:55)]; 1983c:892. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically rounded, bearing 4-6 minute 

and obscure teeth on dorsal and anterior margins, unarmed 

ventrally; carapace with distinct antennal spine below ventral 

orbital angle; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment 

about twice as wide as penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with 

chela normal, not cannulate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, 

not biunguiculate; maximum postorbital carapace length about 

9 mm. 

RANGE.—Palau Islands, Indonesia, and Great Barrier Reef of 

Australia; associated with bivalves, Atrina and Pteria. 

59. Anchistus custos (Forskal, 1775) 

Cancer custos Forskal, 1775: xxi, 94 [type locality; Al Luhayyah, Yemen]. 

Pontonia inflata H. Milne Edwards, 1840:633 [type locality: Sri Lanka and 

"Vanicoso" (= Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Islands)]. 

Anchistia aurantiaca Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Fiji Islands]. 

Harpilius inermis Miers, 1884:291, pi. 32: fig. B [type locality; Port Molle, 

Queensland, Australia; from coral reef in Pinna]. 

Pontonia pinnae Ortmann, 1894:16, pi. 1: fig. 3 [type locality: Dares Salaam, 

Tanzania; in Pinna; not Pontonia pinnae Lockington, 1894:163]. 

Anchistus custos.—Holthuis, 1952b: 105. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically rounded, unarmed; carapace 

without antennal spine; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate 

segment about twice as wide as penultimate segment; 1st 

pereopod with chela unusually curled to form open tube; 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate; maximum 


RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Philippines, 

southward to South Australia, and eastward to the Caroline and 

Fiji islands; living in bivalve mollusks of the genus Pinna. 

60. Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922 

Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922:256, figs. 86-88 [type locality: Aberdeen, Port 

Blair. Andaman Islands; from Tridacna at low tide].—Bruce, 1983c:892. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically truncate, armed with 2 or 3 

anterodorsal teeth, unarmed ventrally; carapace without antennal 

spine below ventral orbital angle; 3rd maxilliped with 

antepenultimate segment about twice as wide as penultimate 

segment; 1st pereopod with chela normal, palm non-cannulate; 

3rd pereopod with dactyl obscurely biunguiculate; maximum 


RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Andaman Islands, 

Malaya, Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, New 

Caledonia, and Marshall Islands; living in bivalve, Tridacna. 

•61. Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888) 

Harpilius Miersi De Man. 1888a:274. pi. 17: figs. 6-10 [type locality: 

Elpninstone Island. Mergui Archipelago. Burma]. 

Anchistus miersi.—Holthuis. 1952c: 110. fig. 45. 


DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually apically acute, rostral formula 

4-5/0-2; carapace with distinct antennal spine below 

ventral orbital angle; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate 

segment little wider than penultimate segment; 1st pereopod 

with chela normal, not cannulate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl 

biunguiculate; maximum postorbital carapace length at least 7 

mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Quinalasag Island, Masamat 

Bay, Luzon; [13°56'N, 123°38 / E]; 3 m; sand, coral; 12 Jun 

1909; dynamite: 1 male [3.2] 1 ovig female [5.5]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to the Philippines and 

eastward to the Gambier Islands, TUamotu Archipelago; in 

bivalve mollusks of genera Hippopus and Tridacna, possibly 

also Pinna and Meleagrina. 

Chernocaris Johnson, 1967 

Chernocaris Johnson, 1967:500 [type species, by monotypy: Chernocaris 

placunae Johnson, 1967:500; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching about as far as ends of 

anteriorly extended eyes, depressed, especially posteriorly, 

unarmed, lateral carina slightly expanded posteriorly but not 

forming discrete supraocular or postocular eave; carapace 

markedly depressed dorsoventrally, dorsal profile nearly 

straight or slightly concave, not dentate or lobate, anterior 

margin produced as convex lobe, inflected portion with 

posteriorly incomplete longitudinal ridge, completely unarmed, 

orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with 

pleuron of 5th somite broadly rounded; telson not curved 

ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and submedian 

pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines 

short, not especially robust; epistome not bearing paired, 

horn-like processes; antennal scale reasonably well developed, 

distolateral spine overreaching distal margin of blade; mandible 

without palp; 3rd maxilliped with endopod operculate and 

with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median 

process; 1st pereopods with fingers slender, not spatulate, 

carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods somewhat 

dissimilar and unequal, chelae not borne in vertical plane, 

movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket 

and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular, 

palm more than l'/2 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod 


with large, compressed, biangular lobe proximal to sharp, 

recurved tooth on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor 

margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing single, minute, 

movable spine unaccompanied by fixed tooth; living in mantle 

cavity of bivalve mollusk, Placuna. 

RANGE.—Singapore and Arafura Sea. 


62. Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967 

Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967:500, figs. 1-12 [type locality: Tfelok 

Paku. Singapore, in Placuna sella at low spring tide level].


DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum postorbital 

carapace length 7.2 mm. 

RANGE.—Singapore and Arafura Sea; living in mantle cavity 

of bivalve mollusk, Placuna occurring from low spring tide 

level to 27 meters. 

REMARKS.—The Arafura Sea specimens confirm that the 

proximal lobe on the flexor margin of the dactyl of the third 

pereopod of the species is compressed and not "hoof-like" as in 

Coralliocaris or Jocaste, as reported in the original description, 

and indicates a close relationship to Conchodytes. 

*Conchodytes Peters, 1852 

Conchodytes Peters, 1852:588,591 [type species, selected by Hilgendorf, 

1879:835: Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852:594; gender: masculine]. 


eyes, depressed, especially posteriorly, unarmed, lateral carina 

slightly expanded posteriorly but not forming discrete supraocular 

or postocular eave; carapace depressed dorsoventrally, 

dorsal profile slightly convex, not dentate or lobate, anterior 

margin partially produced as prominent rounded lobe, deeply 

concave (notched) dorsally thereto, without longitudinal ridge 

or suture, completely unarmed except for acute ventral orbital 

angle, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with 

pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not curved ventrad, 

posterior margin not incised, median and submedian pairs of 

posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines 

distinct; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes; 

antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine far overreaching 

distal margin of blade; mandible without palp; 3rd 

maxilliped with exopod, endopod not operculate; 4th thoracic 

sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod with 

fingers slender, not spatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 

2nd pereopods with chela not borne in vertical plane, movable 

finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket and 

plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular, palm 

more than 1 '/2 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed of 

7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl with large, 

compressed lobe proximally on flexor margin, merus unarmed 

on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing single, 

minute, movable spine unaccompanied by fixed tooth; living in 

mantle cavity of bivalve mollusks. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and Madagascar to Japan, Philippines, 

Indonesia, Australia, and eastward to Hawaii and Tuamotu 

Archipelago. 

REMARKS.—A key to the species of Conchodytes may be 

found in Bruce (1989b). 

63. Conchodytes kempi Bruce, 1989 

Conchodytes biunguiculatus.—Kemp, 1922:280, fig. 103.—Holthuis, 

1952c: 199 [not Pontonia biunguiculata Paulson, 1875]. 

Conchodytes kempi Bruce, 1989b: 183, fig. 3b-e [type locality: Andaman 

Islands]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral and 3 pairs 

of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus and merus 

subequal in length; 3rd pereopod with dactyl armed with 2 

strong, divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process well developed 

with small marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia, 

and Marshall Islands; in bivalve mollusks. 

REMARKS.—The occurrence of this species in the Philippines 

must be considered tentative for the time being, because 

of the small size, the somewhat different dactyls of the 

ambulatory pereopods, and the unusual host (Isognomon) of the 

pair of specimens recorded by Bruce (1989b) from Cebu, the 

type material having been found in association with Pinna. 

*64. Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989 

FIGURE 18 

Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989a; 182, figs. 1-6 [type locality: West of 

Cape Leveque, Western Australia: 40 m, in pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima]. 


of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus slightly longer 

than or subequal to merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl armed 

with 2 strong, divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process poorly 

developed, usually sinuous in outline, without marginal tooth; 

maximum postorbital carapace length 10.3 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Pakiputan Strait, off Davao, 

Mindanao; [7°07'N, 125°40'E]; 18 May 1908; from pearl 

oysters: 25 males [6.3-9.8] 24 females [6.8-10.2], 23 ovig 

[6.8-10.2].—Jolo, Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago; [6°00TSl, 

121°00'E]; 11 Feb 1908; from pearl oysters: 9 males [6.8-8.9] 

6 ovig females [7.8—10.3]. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality on the 

Australian Northwest Shelf and the two Philippine localities 

cited above; to a depth of 40 meters, in pearl oysters. 

REMARKS.—This series of 64 specimens was originally 

identified tentatively as C. meleagrinae in disagreement with 

the conclusion by Bruce (1977a:73) that that species can 

always be distinguished from the closely related C. tridacnae 

by the fact that the carpus of the first pereopod is always 

distinctly shorter than the merus in the former species. In the 

Albatross series, the carpus-merus ratio varies from 0.91 to 

1.18, with an average of 1.02. Most of the specimens in that 

series agree well with the description of C. maculatus in having 

the movable fingers of the second pereopods strongly carinate 

on the extensor margin and the basal protuberance on the 

dactyls of the ambulatory pereopods smoothly sinuous, but a 

few specimens have the movable fingers of the second 

pereopods less strongly carinate and the flexor margins of the 

ambulatory dactyls partially obscurely truncate (Figure 18/) 

rather than smoothly sinuous over the entire proximal part of 

the segment.


FIGURE 18.—Conchodytes maculatus, male from pearl oyster, Pakiputan Strait, Mindanao, carapace length 8.4 

mm: a, dorsal aspect; b, telson, dorsal aspect; c, right antennule, dorsal aspect; d, right antenna, ventral aspect; e, 

right 3rd maxilliped;/, right 1st pereopod; g. right (major) chela, fingers, extensor-dorsolateral aspect; h, left 

(minor) chela, fingers, extensor-dorsolateral aspect; i, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl; j, right appendix masculina and 

appendix interna. 

65. Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852 

Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852:594 [type locality; Ibo, Cabo Delgado, 

eastern Africa].—Bruce, 1972e:225 [color photo]; 1973e:139; 1977a:73, fig. 

14CJD. 


of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus distinctly shorter 

than merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl armed with 2 strong, 

divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process well developed but 

without marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length 

at least 10 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Hawaii; usually in 

pearl oysters of the genus Pinctada. Although there seem to be 

no Philippine or Indonesian records of this species by those 

who consider it distinct from C. tridacnae, it almost certainly 

occurs in both areas. 

REMARKS.—In regard to the validity of the species, Bruce 

(1973e: 139) noted that C. meleagrinae is "Closely similar to C. 

tridacnae but generally smaller and with the carpus of the first 

pereiopod definitely much shorter than the merus and he added 

(1974d:201) that that proportion is "a character which appears 

to be quite reliable in separating C. tridacnae from the closely 

related C. meleagrinae," and (1977a:73) that "the relative 

lengths of these two segments appears to be the easiest way of 

distinguishing between these two species."


FIGURE 19.—Conchodytes nipponensis, male from Tilik, Lubang Island, carapace length 7.0 mm: a, anterior 

carapace and appendages, dorsal aspect; b, tail fan; c, distolateral angle of lateral branch of left uropod; d, right 

antennule, dorsal aspect; e, right antenna, ventral aspect;/, right 3rd rnaxilliped; g, right 1st pereopod; h, left 2nd 

pereopod, extensor aspect; i, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl; j, right appendix masculina and appendix interna. 

66. Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952 

Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952c:200, figs. 96-98 [type locality; the 

type series came from two localities: Kaohsiung, Taiwan, in Pinna sp., and 

Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia]. 


of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus and merus 

subequal in length; 3rd pereopod with dactyl bearing single 

distal spine and basal process well developed with minute 

marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length about 13 

mm. 

RANGE.—Singapore, Hong Kong, Amakusa Island, Japan, 

Indonesia, and Australia; in pinnid bivalve mollusks. 

•67. Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844) 

FIGURE 19 

Hymenocera niponensis De Haan, 1844: pi. 46: fig. 8 [corrected to H. 

nipponensis by plenary powers of the International Commission on 

Zoological Nomenclature, 1956; type locality: Japan]. 

Pontonia nipponensis.—De Haan, 1849:180. 

Conchodytes nipponensis.—Kemp, 1922:282, fig. 104.—Bruce, 1977e:97, 

fig. 1. 


of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus averaging 

subequal to merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl bearing 2 strong, 

divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process well developed with 

small marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length 

perhaps as much as 15 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Tilik, Lubang Island; 

[13°49'N, 120°12'E]; 14 Jul 1908: 1 male [7.0] 1 ovig female 

[9.6]. 

RANGE.—Until reported by Bruce (1977e:97) from a single, 

possibly juvenile specimen from Keppel Bay, Queensland, 

Australia—on the mainland coast opposite Heron Island, from 

where Bruce (1981e) recorded no less than 100 other 

pontoniine species—C. nipponensis was known only from

76 

Japan. It is here noted that it was collected in the Philippines 

more than 80 years ago. It has been taken in Japan from both 

pectinid and pinnid bivalve mollusks. 

68. Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852 

Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852:594 [type locality: Ibo, Cabo Delgado, 

eastern Africa].—Bruce, 1977a;71, fig. 14a,b; 1977f: 176, fig. 7. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 2 pairs of dorsal and 3 pairs of 

posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus averaging longer 

than merus; 3rd pereopod with carpus averaging longer than 

merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl bearing 2 strong, divergent, 

spine-like teeth, basal process well developed, without marginal 

tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length more than 10 

mm. 

RANGE.—Widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific region, 

from the Red Sea to Hawaii, in the mantle cavity of giant clams 

of the genus Tridacna; exact locality records incomplete 

because of past confusion between this species and C. 

meleagrinae. 

REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under C. meleagrinae. 

*Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860 

OEdipus Dana, 1852a: 17 [type species, selected by Kingsley, 1880:423: 

OEdipus superbus Dana, 1852a:25; gender: masculine. Invalid junior 

homonym of OEdipus Berthold, 1827 (Orthoptera), OEdipus Tschudi, 1838 

(Amphibia), and OEdipus Lesson, 1840 (Mammalia)]. 

Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860:38 [replacement name for OEdipus Dana, 1852; 

gender feminine]. 


eyes, compressed laterally anteriorly, lateral carina expanded 

posterolaterally into partial, unarmed postocular eave; carapace 

depressed, dorsal longitudinal profile slightly convex, not 

dentate or lobate, anterior margin not partially produced as 

prominent rounded lobe, not partially deeply concave 

(notched), without longitudinal ridge or longitudinal branchiostegal 

suture parallel with ventral margin, with antennal spine, 

without hepatic or any other spines, orbital margin not 

interrrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite 

Key to Species of Coralliocaris 


rounded, not sharp-pointed; telson not curved ventrad, posterior 

margin not deeply incised, median and submedian pairs of 

posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines slender, 

not robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes; 

antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not reaching 

as far as level of distal margin of blade; mandible without 

palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without 

slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers 

not subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods 

similar, usually subequal, chela much longer than carpus, not 

borne in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad; 3rd 


fused, dactyl with massive, hoof-shaped or triangular protuberance 

on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor margin; 

uropod with lateral branch bearing single movable spine 

mesial to strong lateral tooth; associated with scleractinian 

corals. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and Indian Ocean to Indonesia and 

eastward to the Line Islands. 

REMARKS.—The identity of some of the species currently 

assigned to Coralliocaris is uncertain. There would seem to be 

little doubt that C. taiwanensis Fujino and Miyake, 1972, is a 

junior synonym (by one month) of C. pavonae Bruce, 1972. 

Bruce (1977g:205) suggested the possibility that C. graminea 

may be a junior synonym of C. macrophthalma, but those two 

species are treated as distinct in the key offered below. Bruce 

(1974a:222) proposed the name C. viridis for a species 

previously confused with but differing in color pattern, as well 

as in minor morphological rostral characters, from C. graminiea. 

Later (1983d:201), however, he recognized only as "forms" 

two distinct color varieties of C. venusta, perhaps because not 

even suggestions of accompanying morphological differences 

could be found to help determine which form was typical of the 

species. The two forms of C. venusta behave like sibling 

species and will probably prove to be "good species" even 

though, once preserved, they cannot yet be separated. 

Four of the eight species recognized herein have been 

recorded previously from Indonesia, and two of the four are 

represented by Philippine material in the Albatross collections. 

1. Rostrum unarmed, not overreaching anteriorly extended eyes 2 

Rostrum usually armed with at least 1 dorsal tooth, normally overreaching anteriorly 

extended eyes 3 

2. Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger regularly convex 

C. brevirostris Borradaile, 1898:386 

(Willis Islets (Coral Sea) and Marshall 

and Ellice islands; associated with 

scleractinian corals of genus Acropora) 

Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger smoothly sinuous 

C. nudirostris (Heller, 1861:27) 

(Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Japan, Kiribati 

(Gilbert Islands), and Marshall and Society 

islands; associated with scleractinian 

corals of genus Acropora)


3. Rostrum armed dorsally with 1 or 2 teeth 4 

Rostrum armed dorsally with 3-6 teeth 5 

4. Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger regularly convex, 

opposable margin with socket, fixed finger with plunger on opposable margin 

C. macrophthalma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837:359) 

(Red Sea and western Indian Ocean, possibly 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia) 

Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger smoothly sinuous, 

opposable margin without socket, fixed finger without plunger on opposable 

margin 71. C. venusta 

5. Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger evenly convex and fixed 

finger with plunger on opposable margin 6 

Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger abruptly elevated in 

proximal '/2 and fixed finger without plunger on opposable margin 7 

6. Rostrum with dorsal and ventral carinae deep and armed with outstanding teeth, 

especially in adults; color pattem composed of black, white, and red chromatophores 

in alternating fine longitudinal stripes *69. C. graminea 

Rostrum with dorsal and ventral carinae shallow and armed with low teeth; color 

pattern composed of uniformly scattered mixture of black and yellowish white 

chromatophores 72. C. viridis 

1. Antennal scale more than 3 times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate 

segment more than twice as long as wide; 2nd pereopod with socket on both 

movable and fixed fingers C. pavonae Bruce, 1972b:77, figs. 8-11 

(Taiwan and Fiji Islands; associated with 

scleractinian corals of genus Pavona) 

Antennal scale less than 3 times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate 

segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd pereopod without socket in either 

finger *70. C. superba 

*69. Coralliocaris graminea (Dana, 1852) Samoa Islands; associated with scleractinian corals of the genus 

OEdipus gramineus Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Fiji Islands]; 1855:12, pi. Acropora. 

37: fig. 3 [color]. 

Coralliocaris graminea—Bruce, 1974a:222, fig. 1C.D; 1977h:72 (color *70. Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852) 

illustration]; 1984b: 163. 

OEdipus superbus Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Tbngatapu Island, Tonga 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended islands]; 1855:12, pi. 37: fig. 2 [color]. 

eyes, rostral formula 3-6/0-2, dorsal and ventral carinae deep Coralliocaris superba.-Kemp, 1922:272, figs. 98,99.-Holthuis. 1952c:189, 

and armed with outstanding teeth, in adults; antennal scale 

about 2 3 A times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended 

penultimate segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd eyes, rostral formula 4-5/2, dorsal and ventral carinae deep; 

pereopod with movable finger regularly convex on extensor antennal scale about 2 3 A times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped 

margin, opposable margin with socket into which fits plunger with penultimate segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd 

on fixed finger; color bright green, pattern composed of black, pereopod with movable finger abruptly wider on extensor 

white, and red chromatophores confined to alternating fine, margin in proximal than distal '/2, without socket or plunger on 

longitudinal lines; maximum postorbital carapace length about opposable margin of either finger, color, carapace and anterior 

7 mm. abdomen white, posterior abdomen and appendages translucent 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side), yellow with brown dots, posterior margin of tail fan purple; 

Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'A-2'/2 m; scattered maximum postorbital carapace length less than 7 mm. 

coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side), 

taken ashore: 1 male [3.6] 3 females [2.9-3.0], 2 ovig [2.9, Sulu Archipelago; [6°06TSI, 120°58'E]; \ x l*-2 x li m; scattered 

3.0], coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads 

RANGE.—Exact locality records uncertain because of past taken ashore: 2 females [2.8, 5.0], 1 ovig [5.0]. 

confusion of C. viridis with this species, but Bruce (1984b: 163) RANGE.—Red Sea to Indonesia and eastward to the Society 

indicated that both species occur from the Red Sea to Indonesia Islands; associated with scleractinian corals of the genus 

and eastward to one or more of the island groups east of the Acropora.

78 

71. Coralliocaris venusta Kemp, 1922 

Coralliocaris venusta Kemp. 1922:274, figs. 100, 101 [type locality: "N.E. 

Tholayiram Paar," Gulf of Mannar, India; on madrepore coral].—Holthuis, 

1952c:191, fig. 93.—Brace, 1976d:32, fig. 12; 1977h:73 [color illustration]; 

1978a:282, fig.42; 1979f:240; 1983d:201. 


eyes, rostral formula 0-4/0-2, dorsal and ventral carinae not 

very deep; antennal scale about 2 3 /4 times as long as wide; 3rd 

maxilliped with penultimate segment less than twice as long as 

wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger smoothly sinuous on 

extensor margin, fingers dentate on opposable margins, without 

socket or plunger; color translucent with linear speckling of 

dark red or black, two color forms, with and without 

conspicuous white patches; maximum postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Red Sea to Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef, and 

Samoa Islands; associated with scleractinian corals of the genus 

Acropora. 

REMARKS.—This taxon is represented by two color forms 

which appear to represent good species. At present neither can 

be specifically associated with the type material described by 

Kemp (1922). 

72. Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974 

Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974a:222, fig. 1 A,B [type locality: seaward reefs 

of Mombasa Island. Kenya]; 1984b: 163. 


eyes, rostral formula 3-5/1, dorsal and ventral carinae shallow 

and armed with rather inconspicuous teeth; antennal scale 

about 2 3 A times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with 

penultimate segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd 

pereopod with movable finger angularly convex on extensor 

margin, opposable margin with socket into which fits plunger 

on fixed finger, color bright green, pattern composed of 

uniformly scattered mixture of black and yellowish white 

chromatophores; maximum postorbital carapace length about 5 

mm. 

2. 

Key to Species of Dasella 


RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Indonesia and southern Great 

Barrier Reef, Australia; associated with scleractinian corals of 

the genus Acropora. 

*Dasella Lebour, 1945 

Dasia Lebour, 1939:650 [type species, by monotypy: Dasia herdmaniae 

Lebour, 1939:650; gender: feminine. Invalid junior homonym of Dasia 

Gray, 1839 (Reptilia) and Dasia Van der Goot, 1918 (Hemiptera)]. 

Dasella Lebour, 1945:297 [replacement name for Dasia Lebour, 1939]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum distinctly overreaching anteriorly 

extended eyes, compressed laterally, unarmed dorsally, lateral 

carina indistinct, not expanded into broad supraocular or 

postocular eave; carapace about as wide as high, dorsal profile 

slightly convex, not dentate or lobate, without longitudinal 

ridge or suture, with antennal and movable hepatic spines, 

otherwise unarmed, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; 

abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not curved 


pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines 

strong; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes; 

antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not overreaching 

distal margin of blade; mandible without palp; 3rd 

maxilliped bearing exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without 

slender median process; 1 st pereopod with fingers subspatulate, 

carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar but 

unequal, chela much longer than carpus, not borne in vertical 

plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with 

socket or plunger, movable finger normal, not semicircular, 

palm about 2 3 /4 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed 

of 7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl with large, 

compressed lobe on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor 

margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing minute single 

lateral tooth with movable spine mesial thereto; associated with 

ascidians. 

RANGE.—Mozambique, southern India, Sulu Archipelago, 

Arafura Sea, and Great Barrier Reef of Australia. 

REMARKS.—Only the three species noted in the following 

key are known. 

Dactyl of ambulatory pereopod with basal process bearing small acute tooth .... 

D. ansoni Bruce, 1983a:22, figs. 1-5 

(Arafura Sea; 27 m) 

Dactyl of ambulatory pereopod with basal process lacking acute tooth 2 

Ambulatory propodus with small club-shaped distal and flexor spines 

*73. D. herdmaniae 

Ambulatory propodus with distal and flexor spines acute, not club-shaped 

D. brucei Berggren, 1990:558 

(Great Barrier Reef of Australia) 

•73. Dasella herdmaniae (Lebour, 1939) 

Dasia herdmaniae Lebour, 1939:650, pi. 1 [type locality: Tuticorin, Gulf of 

Mannar. Madras. India, associated with ascidian Herdmania pallida (= H. 

momus)]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—First pereopod with opposable margins of 

fingers entire, not minutely pectinate; 3rd pereopod with 

lobe on flexor margin of dactyl bluntly rounded, without 

terminal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length little 

more than 3 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago; 

sta 5147; 5°41'40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, shells; 16 

Feb 1908 (11:27-11:47); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1


ovig female [3.0]. 

RANGE.—Mozambique, southern India, and Philippines; 

associated with ascidians. 

REMARKS.—The single Philippine specimen agrees with the 

type series, as described by Berggren (1990), in lacking any 

suggestion of a ventral denticle on the rostrum, having the 

anterolateral margin of the carapace only slightly concave, 

having a minute hepatic spine, lacking an acute tooth on the 

flexor process of the dactyl of the third pereopod, and 

displaying two club-shaped spines on the propodus of that 

pereopod. Those spines are "a little more elongated than those 

found on specimens from Mozambique," as noted by Berggren 

(1990:558) about the syntypes of D. herdmaniae. It may 

be significant that Van Name (1928:79) recorded three 

specimens of the ascidian Pyura pallida (= Herdmania momus, 

the host of the type series of the species) from Albatross 

station 5147. 

Dasycaris Kemp, 1922 

Dasycaris Kemp, 1922:240 [type species, by monotypy: Dasycaris symbiotes 

Kemp, 1922:240; gender: feminine].—Bruce, 1973a:257. 

Dasygius Balss, 1924:48 [erroneous name for Dasycaris]. 


eyes, subcylindrically tapering, unarmed ventrally, without 

lateral carina or supraocular or postocular eave; carapace rather 

subcylindrical, dorsal profile dentate or lobate, without 

Key to Species of Dasycaris 

longitudinal ridge or suture, not produced anteroventrally, 

armed laterally only with antennal and immovable hepatic 

spine, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; telson not 

curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and 

submedian pairs of posterior spines not curving ventrad, 

dorsolateral spines not robust; epistome not bearing horn-like 

processes; antennal scale well developed; mandible without 

palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without 

slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers not 

subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods 

similar but unequal, chela much longer than carpus, not borne 

in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not 

provided with socket or plunger, movable finger normal, not 

semicircular, palm more than 3 times as long as high; 3rd 


fused, dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, merus unarmed on 

flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing movable 

spine, with or without fixed tooth lateral thereto; associated 

with alcyonarians and antipatharians. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar, India, Mergui Archipelago, Japan, Indonesia, 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and New Caledonia. 

REMARKS.—The brief and somewhat inadequate description 

of D. doederleini by Balss (1924:49) complicates the task of 

contructing a key to the four known species of Dasycaris, only 

one of which has thus far been recorded from the Philippine- 

Indonesian region. The following key is modified from the one 

offered by Bruce (1973a:258). 

1. Rostrum, proper, completely unarmed; carapace with dorsal profile variably sinuous, 

prominences usually rounded, sometimes denticulate; adult female usually with 

broadly rounded pleura on all abdominal somites, those of 4th and 5th somites 

sometimes with small, acute tooth at posteroventral angle 

D. zanzibarica Bruce, 1973a:247, figs. 1-6 

(Zanzibar (4-22 m, associated with antipatharian), 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and New Caledonia) 

Rostrum, proper, armed with 1 or more dorsal teeth; carapace with dentate dorsal 

profile, teeth broadly acute; adult female with pleura of at least 3rd to 5th 

abdominal somites produced into prominent, acute projections 2 

2. Rostrum with 1 or 2 dorsal teeth in anterior '/2 of length; adult female with pleura 

acutely produced on all abdominal somites 

D. doederleini (Balss, 1924:49, fig. 2) 

(Sagami Nada; 130 meters) 

Rostrum unarmed in anterior l /2 of length; adult female with pleuron of 1st and 

usually 2nd abdominal somites broadly rounded 3 

3. Second, 3rd, and 4th of 5 teeth in dorsal midline of rostrum and carapace broadly 

compressed and forming basal rostral crest; eye with cornea bearing conical 

projection; uropod with lateral branch bearing only lateral movable spine, without 

fixed tooth lateral thereto 74. D. ceratops 

None of 6 teeth in dorsal midline of rostrum and carapace broadly compressed, no 

real basal rostral crest on carapace; eye with cornea hemispherical, without conical 

projection; uropod with lateral branch bearing strong fixed tooth lateral to 

movable spine D. symbiotes Kemp, 1922:240, text-figs. 76, 77, pi. 9 

(Madras coast of India, Mergui Archipelago, and New 

Caledonia; associated with sea pen Pteroeides)

80 

74. Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952 

Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952c: 176, figs. 87, 88 [type locality: Borneo 

Bank, Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 2°25'S, 117°43TE; 50-40 m; fine coral 

sand]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum unarmed over anterior 2 h of length; 5 

teeth in dorsal mid-line of rostrum and carapace, 2nd, 3rd, and 

4th teeth broadly compressed, acute, forming basal rostral 

crest; adult female with pleura of 3rd to 5th abdominal somites 

produced into prominent acute projections; eye with cornea 

bearing conical prominence; uropod with lateral branch bearing 

only lateral movable spine unaccompanied by fixed lateral 

tooth; postorbital carapace length 3 mm. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar Harbour (on Pteroeides, Scleroblemnon, 

and Virgularia) and Makassar Strait, Indonesia; about 50 m. 

Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952 

Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952c:6, 18, 208 [type species, by original designation: 

Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952c:209; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to or beyond end of 

anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally 

with 4-6 distinct teeth, ventrally with none, lateral carina not 

strong, forming indistinct, unarmed, and shallow eave postocularly; 

carapace about as wide as high, dorsal profile very 

slightly convex or sinuous, without longitudinal ridge or 

suture, armed with antennal, immovable hepatic, and sometimes 

supraorbital spines, orbital margin not interrupted 

Key to Species of Hamodactylus 


posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not 

incised, posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines 

very small; antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not 

nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; mandible 

without palp; 3rd maxilliped without exopod; 4th thoracic 


carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, sometimes 

unequal, fingers not provided with socket or plunger, 

movable finger not semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 

segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not 

biunguiculate, merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with 

lateral branch bearing movable spine, without fixed tooth 

lateral thereto; associated with alcyonarians. 

RANGE.—Red Sea, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar, Hong 

Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, and New Caledonia; 

4-27 m. 

REMARKS.—Two of the three species currently recognized 

in the genus Hamodactylus have been found in Indonesia. The 

following key is offered as an emendation of the one published 

by Bruce (1970a:544), which included H. incompletus before 

that species was transferred to Hamodactyloides and, naturally, 

did not include the subsequently described Hamodactylus 

aqabai. Most of the characters used in this key are ones that 

have been accorded generic importance under other circumstances. 

That observation serves both as a suggestion that 

Hamoodactyloides may have been ill-conceived or as counterevidence 

against the charge that students of the pontoniines 

habitually are incorrigible "splitters." 

1. Carapace bearing supraorbital spine; antennular peduncle with single distolateral 

tooth on basal segment 75. H. boschmai 

Carapace without supraorbital spine; antennular peduncle with more than 1 

distolateral spine on basal segment 2 

2. First pereopod with fingers little more than 'A as long as palm, each with distinct 

tooth on distal '/2 of opposable margin; 2nd pereopod appearing nonchelate 

because of nearly complete reduction of fixed finger 

H. aqabai Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:26, figs. 10-14 

(Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, and Queensland, 

Australia; associated with alcyonarians) 

First pereopod with fingers more than x li as long as palm, without tooth on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopod with normal chela, fingers subequal in length 

76. H. noumeae 

75. Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952 

Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis. 1952c:18. 209, figs. 102-104 [type locality: 

Temate. off Halmahera (2-4 m) and Djedan.Kapulauan Aru (13 m), 

Indonesia].—Bruce. 1982e:272, figs. 25, 26. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with supraorbital spine; antennular 

peduncle with single distolateral spine on basal segment; 1st 

pereopod with fingers distinctly more than '/2 as long as palm, 

without subdistal tooth on opposable margin of each; 2nd 

pereopod with fixed finger about '/2 as long as movable one. 

RANGE.—Kenya, Zanzibar, Madagascar, Indonesia, and 

New Caledonia; associated with gorgonians. 

76. Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970 

Hamodactylus boschmai nov. var.? Holthuis, 1952c:212, fig. 105.


Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970a:539, fig. 2 [type locality; between He aux 

Canards and Hot Maitre, near Noumea, New Caledonia; 25 m, associated 

with gorgonian Mopsella]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without supraorbital spine; antennular 

peduncle with 2 or 3 distolateral spines on basal segment; 

1st pereopod with fingers more than '/2 as long as palm, 

without teeth on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with normal 

chela, fingers subequal in length. 

RANGE.—Kenya, Tanzania, Indonesia, Australia, and New 

Caledonia; 4-27 m, associated with gorgonians. 

Hamopontonia Bruce, 1970 

Hamopontonia Bruce, 197Ob:37 [type species, by original designation: 

Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970b:41; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum slightly overreaching anteriorly extended 

eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with 5-7 

distinct teeth, ventrally unarmed, lateral carina not expanded 

into broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace subcylindrical, 

dorsal profile faintly convex, without longitudinal ridge 

or suture, armed with antennal spine only, without supraorbital 

Key to Species of Hamopontonia 

or hepatic spines, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; 

abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rather broadly rounded; 

telson curving ventrad posteriorly, posterior margin deeply 

incised, without posterior spines, dorsolateral spines not robust; 

epistome unarmed; antennal scale well developed, distolateral 

spine not nearly overreaching distal margin of blade; mandible 

without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite 

without slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers 

feebly subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods 

similar but unequal, chela much longer than carpus, 

fingers not provided with socket and plunger closure, movable 

finger normal, not semicircular, palm nearly 3 times as long as 

high; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and 

ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, merus 

unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing 

single, movable, lateral spine. 

RANGE.—Hong Kong, Japan, Indonesia, and Northern 

Territory and Great Barrier Reef, Australia; associated with 

poritid coral of genus Goniopora. 

REMARKS.—Known from only two closely related species. 

Posterior notch of telson uniformly concave 77. H. corallicola 

Posterior notch of telson with small blunt median process 

H. essingtoni Bruce, 1986d:158, figs, lc, 11-14, 15d-g 

(Port Essington, Australia) 

77. Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970 

Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970b:41, figs. 1-4 [type locality: "Kat O 

Chau, Mirs Bay," New Territories, Hong Kong; 22°32.1'N, 114°17.95'E; 

about 1 m, on massive coral Goniopora]; 1983c:896, fig. 10G. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Deeply incised posterior notch of telson 

without small median process; maximum postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Hong Kong, Japan, Indonesia, and Great Barrier 

Reef of Australia; associated with poritid coral of genus 

Goniopora. 

*Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917 

Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917:324, 329-334, 336-338, 341-343, 347-351, 

379, 395 [type species, by original designation: Palaemon Beaupresii 

Audouin. 1826:91; gender: feminine].—Holthuis, 1952c:90, 180. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum far overreaching anteriorly extended 

eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with 4-7 distinct 

teeth, ventrally with 2-5, lateral carina not expanded into broad 

supraocular or postocular eave; carapace somewhat depressed 

dorsoventrally, dorsal profile faintly convex, without longitudinal 

ridge or suture, armed with antennal and immovable hepatic 

spines only, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen 

with pleuron of 5th somite sharp-pointed; telson not 


submedian pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad, 

dorsolateral spines not robust; epistome not bearing paired, 

horn-like processes; antennal scale well developed, distolateral 

spine not overreaching distal margin of blade; mandible 

without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite 

without slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers not 

subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods 

similar and subequal, chela much longer than carpus, fingers 

not provided with socket and plunger closure, movable finger 

normal, not semicircular, palm 3 to 4 3 A times as long as high; 

3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not 

fused, dactyl simple, with unique lateral twist, not biunguiculate, 

merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral 

branch bearing single fixed lateral tooth and movable spine 

mesial thereto; associated with stony corals. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Pacific coast of America. 

REMARKS.—All three of the species of Harpiliopsis recognized 

in the following key have been recorded previously from 

Indonesia and all three were collected in the Sulu Archipelago 

by the Albatross Expedition.

82 

2. 

Key to Species of Harpiliopsis 

(Adapted from Kemp, 1922:228) 


Carapace with antennal spine arising considerably ventral to orbital angle, on same 

level as hepatic spine; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about 3 times 

as long as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 1 tooth on 

opposable margin and fixed finger with 2, ischium with 1 distal spine on extensor 

margin and 2 on flexor margin *78. H. beaupresii 

Carapace with antennal spine arising only slightly below orbital angle, on level 

considerably dorsad to that of hepatic spine; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate 

segment about 6 times as long as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed 

with 2 teeth on opposable margin and fixed finger with 3 teeth, ischium without 

distal spine on extensor margin, 1 on flexor margin 2 

Telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising much nearer to anterior pair 

than to posterior end; 2nd pereopod with palm and merus each about 3 times as 

long as wide *79. H. depressa 

Telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising about midway between 

anterior pair and posterior end; 2nd pereopod with palm and merus each about 5 

times as long as wide *80. H. spinigera 

•78. Harpiliopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1826) 

Palaemon Beaupresii Audouin, 1826:91 [type locality: Egypt]. 

Pontonia (Harpilius) dentata Richters, 1880:165, pi. 17: figs. 36-38 [type 

locality: He aux Fouquets, Mauritius]. 

Harpilius beaupresi.—Kemp, 1922:229, figs. 67, 68. 

Harpiliopsis beaupresi.—Holthuis, 1952c:181, fig. 89.—Bruce, 1977i:8. 

Harpiliopsis beaupresii.—Bruce, 1976c: 124, figs. 21,22. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with antennal spine arising considerably 

ventrad of orbital angle, on same level as hepatic spine; 

telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising about 

midway between anterior pair and posterior end; 3rd maxilliped 

with antepenultimate segment about 3 times as long as wide; 

2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 1 tooth on 

opposable margin and fixed finger with 2, palm about 9 times 

as long as wide, merus about 3'/2 times as long as wide, 

ischium with 1 distal spine on extensor margin, 2 on flexor 

margin. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side), 

Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'A to 2 ! /2 m; scattered 

coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coralheads 

taken ashore: 1 male [2.8] 1 female [3.1] (both with paired 

abdominal bopyrid parasites). 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Philippines and Indonesia and eastward 

to Hawaii and Easter Island; associated with numerous 

scleractinian corals, mainly of the family Pocilloporidae. 

*79. Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson, 1860) 

lAnchistia gracilis Dana, 1852a:25 [see Periclimenes gracilis]. 

Harpilius depressus Stimpson, 1860:38 [type locality: Hawaii, among 

madreporarians].—Kemp, 1922:231, figs. 69, 70. 

Periclimenes pusillus Rathbun, 1906:921, fig. 71, pi. 24: fig. 7 [type locality: 

Off Honolulu, Hawaii (Diamond Head Light, S62°, E 3.9°; surface over 24 m 

depth)]. 

Harpiliopsis depressus.—Holthuis, 195la:70, pis. 21, 22: figs, a-f; 1952c: 182, 

fig. 90.—Bruce, 1976c:127; 1977h:72 [color illustration]; 1977i:91. 

Harpiliopsis depressa.—Wicksten, 1983:15. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with antennal spine arising just 

below orbital angle, on level considerably dorsad to that of 

hepatic spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines 

arising much nearer to anterior pair than to posterior end; 3rd 

maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about 6 times as long 

as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 2 teeth 

on opposable margin and fixed finger with 3 teeth, palm and 

merus each about 3 times as long as wide, ischium without 

distal spine on extensor margin, 1 on flexor margin. 


Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 12O°58'E]; l'A to 2*/2 m; scattered 

coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads 

taken ashore: 2 males [2.6-3.8].—Jolo, Jolo Island; [6WN, 

121°00 / E]; 6 Mar 1908; shore: 1 ovig female [4.2]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Philippines and Indonesia and eastward 

to Pacific coast of America from Gulf of California to 

Colombia; associated with scleractinian corals, mainly of the 

family Pocilloporidae. 

REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under Periclimenes gracilis. 

•80. Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890) 

Anchistia spinigera Ortmann, 1890:511, pi. 36: fig. 23 [type locality: Samoa]. 

Harpilius depressus var. gracilis Kemp, 1922:234, fig. 71 [type locality: 

Andaman Islands]. 

Harpiliopsis depressus var. spinigerus.—Holthuis, 1952c: 184. 

Harpiliopsis spinigerus.—Bruce, 1976c: 127; 1977i:9. 

Harpiliopsis spinigera.—Bruce, 1977h:72 [color illustration]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with antennal spine arising just 

below orbital angle, on level considerably dorsad to that of 

hepatic spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines 

arising about midway between anterior pair and posterior end, 

3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about 6 times as


long as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 2 

teeth on opposable margin and fixed finger with 3 teeth, palm 

and merus each about 5 times as long as wide, ischium without 

distal spine on extensor margin, 1 on flexor margin. 


Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 12O°58'E]; l'A to 2'/2 m; scattered 


taken ashore: 1 male [3.4] 3 females [2.7-3.2], 1 ovig [3.2]. 

RANGE.—Possibly as widespread through the Indo-Pacific 

region as H. depressa, with which species it has often been 

confused; associated with several scleractinian corals, mainly 

of the family Pocilloporidae. 

Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966 

Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966a:584 [type species, by original designation: 

Philarius lophos Barnard, 1962; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching about as far as distal end of 

anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally 

with about '/2 of series of 7-14 teeth extending posteriorly 

nearly to mid-length of carapace, ventrally unarmed, not 

expanded laterally into supraocular or postocular eaves; 

carapace extremely compressed laterally, dorsal profile convex, 

armed over most of anterior '/2 of dorsal mid-line with posterior 

extension of rostral teeth, unarmed laterally except for acute 

suborbital angle, without longitudinal ridge or suture, subangularly 

produced anteroventrally, orbital margin not interrupted 

posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite bluntly 

triangular posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad, posterior 

margin not incised, armed posterolaterally with 4 pairs of long 

marginal spines and 1 mesial pair of setae; antenna! scale well 

developed, distolateral spine overreaching distal margin of 

blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with welldeveloped 

exopod; 1st pereopod with fingers not spatulate, 

carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar and 

subequal, chelae usually borne in vertical plane with movable 

finger ventrad, chela longer than carpus, fingers not spatulate, 


normal, not semicircular, palm about twice as long as 

maximum height; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, 

merus and ischium not fused, dactyl simple, strongly curved, 

not biunguiculate, unarmed, with bluntly triangular prominence 

proximally on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor 

margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing unusual, single, 

hooked, fixed, lateral tooth; associated with oculinid coral 

Galaxea fascicularis. 

RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Ryukyu and Fijian 

Islands. 


81. Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard, 1962) 

Philarius lophos Barnard, 1962:242, fig. 2 [type locality: Ilha da Inhaca, Baia 

de Lourenc.o Marques, Mozambique]. 

Ischnopontonia lophos.—Bruce, 1966a:584, figs. 1-5; 1977h:72 [color 

illustration]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of the genus; maximum postorbital 

carapace length slightly more than 3 mm. 

RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean, Ryukyu Islands, eastern 

Malaya, Singapore, Darwin, Northern Territory and Great 

Barrier Reef, Australia, and Fijian Islands; to a depth of 15 m, 

always associated with the oculinid coral Galaxea fascicularis. 

* Jocaste Holthuis, 1952 

Jocaste Holthuis, 1952c:17, 192 [type species, by monotypy: Coralliocaris 

lucina Nobili, 1901c:5; gender: feminine]. 

Cavicheles Holthuis, 1952c:6, 17, 204 [type species, by monotypy: Cavicheles 

kempi Holthuis, 1952c:205; gender: feminine]. 


eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with 3-7 teeth, 

ventrally with 1-4, lateral carina not expanded into broad 

supraocular eave; carapace depressed dorsoventrally, dorsal 

profile somewhat convex, not strongly produced anteroventrally, 

without longitudinal ridge or suture, armed with antenna! 

and immovable hepatic spines only, orbital margin not 

interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite 

rounded; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not 


curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines not robust; epistome not 

bearing paired, horn-like processes, antennal scale well 

developed, distolateral spine not overreaching distal margin of 

blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with welldeveloped 

exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median 

process; 1st pereopod with fingers subspatulate; 2nd pereopods 

dissimilar and unequal, major chela borne in vertical plane with 

movable finger ventrad, chela much longer than carpus, fingers 

of major chela not provided with true socket and plunger 

closure, movable finger not semicircular, palm about 2 2 /3 times 

as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus 

and ischium not fused, dactyl of adult with massive, hollowed, 

hoof-shaped protuberance on flexor margin; uropod with 

lateral branch bearing single fixed lateral tooth and movable 

spine mesial thereto; associated with scleractinian corals of 

genus Acropora. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Society Islands. 

REMARKS.—The second author has collected a vast number 

of both recognized species of Jocaste from a wide range of 

Indo-West Pacific localities. In many instances, the populations 

have spanned the whole size range from postlarvae on. The 

smallest specimens have always been identifiable as Cavicheles 

and they blend gradually into the morphology of the adult 

Jocaste. Excepting the unlikely possibility that neither adult 

Cavicheles nor juvenile Jocaste have been represented in any 

of these numerous collections, it seems apparent that the two 

genera are synonymous, as suggested by Bruce (1977i:10), 

even though it has not yet been possible to assign the small 

specimens positively to either of the closely related species of 

Jocaste. Adults of those species may be identified from the 

following key adapted from the table offered by Patton 

(1966:279).

84 

Key to Species of Jocaste 


Rostrum typically armed with 4 dorsal and 1 ventral teeth, lateral rostral carina 

gradually expanded into convex supraocular eave; major 2nd pereopod with 1 

tooth on opposable margin of movable finger, palm with distinct clusters of red 

spots in life 82. J. japonica 

Rostrum typically with 5 dorsal and 2 or 3 ventral eeth, lateral rostral carina rather 

abruptly expanded posteriorly into bluntly subrectangular supraorbital eave; major 

2nd pereopod with 2 or 3 teeth on opposable margin of movable finger, palm 

colorless in life *83. J. lucina 

82. Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890) 

Coralliocaris superba var. japonica Ortmann, 1890:509, pi. 22 [type locality: 

Kagoshima, Japan]. 

Jocaste lucina Holthuis, 1952c:17, 193, fig. 94 [part]. 

ICavicheles kempi Holthuis, 1952c: 17, 205, figs. 99-101.—Bruce, 1966b:266, 

fig. 1; 1977i:10. 

Jocaste japonica.—Patton, 1966:279, fig. 36.—Fransen, 1989:146. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically armed with 4 dorsal and 1 

ventral teeth, lateral rostral carina gradually expanding posteriorly 

into convex supraocular eave; major 2nd pereopod with 1 

tooth on opposable margin of movable finger, palm with 

distinct clusters of red spots in life. 

RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Japan and Indonesia and 

eastward to the Marshall Islands. 

*83. Jocaste lucina (Nobili, 1901) 

Cforalliocaris] lucina Nobili, 1901c:5 [type locality: Eritrea]. 

Jocaste lucina.—Holthuis, 1952c:17,193, fig. 94 [part].—Patton, 1966:278, 

fig. 2a. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically with 5 dorsal and 2 or 3 

ventral teeth, lateral rostral carina gradually expanding posteriorly 

into bluntly subrectangular supraocular eave; major 2nd 

pereopod with 2 or 3 teeth on opposable margin of movable 

finger, palm colorless in life. 


Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'A to 2V2 m; scattered 


taken ashore; 2 males [2.1, 2.4] 3 females [2.4-2.9], 2 ovig 

[2.6, 2.9]. 

RANGE.—Widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific region 

from the Red Sea to the Society Islands, but not Hawaii. 

2. 

Key to Species of Mesopontonia 

Mesopontonia Bruce, 1967 

Mesopontonia Bruce, 1967a: 13 [type species, by original designation: 

Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967a:13; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, overreaching anteriorly 

extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with 

7-10 teeth, ventrally with 1-3, lateral carina not expanded into 

broad supraocular eave; carapace not very depressed dorsoventrally, 

dorsal profile nearly straight, not strongly produced 

anteroventrally, without longitudinal ridge or suture, armed 

with hepatic spine only, orbital margin not interrupted 

posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; 

telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, 

median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not curving 

ventrad, dorsolateral spines not particularly robust; antennal 

scale well developed, distolateral spine not overreaching distal 

margin of blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped 

without exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median 

process; 1st pereopod with fingers not spatulate; 2nd pereopods 

markedly asymmetrical, major chela not borne in vertical 

plane, movable finger not ventrad, chela much longer than 

carpus, fingers of major chela not provided with socket and 

plunger closure, movable finger not semicircular, palm about 3 

times as long as fingers; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, 

merus and ischium not fused, dactyl biunguiculate but without 

protuberance on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch 

bearing single fixed lateral tooth and movable spine mesial 

thereto; associated with gorgonians. 

RANGE.—South China Sea, Philippines, eastern Australia, 

and New Caledonia; 117-400 m. 

REMARKS.—The three described species may be identifiable 

from the following key. 

Third pereopod simple, not biunguiculate 

M. monodactylus Bruce, 1991b:392, figs. 65-69 

(Loyalty Islands; 460 m) 

Third pereopod biunguiculate 2 

Second pereopods moderately unequal; minor 2nd pereopod with carpus about 0.75 

of palm length, 0.45 of chela length, much shorter than merus 

84. M. gorgoniophila


Second pereopods very markedly unequal; minor second pereopod with carpus about 

2.5 times palm length, subequal to merus 

M. gracilicarpus Bruce, 1990a:202, figs. 34-37 

(New Caledonia; 398-410 m) 

84. Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967 

Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967a: 13, figs. 5-9 [type locality: ESE of 

Hong Kong; 21°47.7TM, 116°28.5'E; 117-132 m; on gorgonian]; 1985b:248, 

fig. 12. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Major 2nd pereopod with oblique carina on 

extensor margin of movable finger; minor 2nd pereopod with 

carpus less than '/2 as long as chela; maximum postorbital 


RANGE.—South China Sea, Philippines, and Coral Sea; 

117-270 meters, associated with gorgonians. 

Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981 

Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981b:241 [type species, by original designation: 

Onycocaridella prima Bruce, 1981b:243; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reduced, not overreaching anteriorly 

extended eyes, compressed laterally, unarmed or bearing single 

dorsal apical tooth, lateral rostral carina not expanded into 

broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace neither noticeably 

depressed nor compressed, dorsal profile faintly convex, 

anterior margin not greatly produced anteriorad, without 

longitudinal ridge or suture, without antennal, hepatic, or any 

other spines; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; 

telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, none 

of posterior spines curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines relatively 

small; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes; 

antennal scale well developed with distolateral spine overreaching 

blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with 

exopod; 1st pereopod with fingers spatulate, carpus entire, not 

subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, not necessarily subequal, 

chelae not borne in vertical plane, chela longer than carpus, 

fingers not subspatulate, not provided with socket and plunger 

closure, movable finger not semicircular, palm more than 1 x li 

times as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, 

merus and ischium not fused, dactyl subcylindrical, minutely 

biunguiculate, without protuberance on flexor margin, merus 

unarmed on flexor margin, uropod with single fixed lateral 

spine with movable spine mesial thereto; associated with 

sponges. 

RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean; Ryukyu Islands; Sulu 

Archipelago, Philippines; Great Barrier Reef, Australia; Marshall 

and Fiji Islands; associated with sponges. 

REMARKS.—A key to the three known species of Onycocaridella 

has been furnished by Bruce (1981b:249). 

85. Onycocaridella stenolepis (Holthuis, 1952) 

Onycocaris stenolepis Holthuis, 1952c: 148, figs. 66-68 [type locality: Pearl 

Bank, southern Sulu Sea, Philippines; 15 m]. 

O[nycocaridella] stenolepis.—Bruce, 1981b:249. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not nearly reaching as far as distal 

end of anteriorly extended eyes, unarmed; ventral orbital angle 

acute; 2nd pereopod with fingers dentate on opposable 

margins. 

RANGE.—Sulu Archipelago, Philippines; Viti Levu, Fiji 

Islands; and Amo Atoll, Marshall Islands. 

Onycocaris Nobili, 1904 

Onycocaris Nobili, 1904:232 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1952c:14: 

Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica Nobili, 1904:232; gender feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with lateral carina not expanded into 


depressed nor compressed, dorsal profile faintly convex, 

anterior margin not greatly produced anteriad, without longitudinal 

ridge or suture, without antennal, hepatic, or any other 

spines (except for possible antennal spine in O. longirostris); 

abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not 

curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, none of posterior 

spines curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not large; epistome 

not bearing paired, horn-like processes; antennal scale well 

developed, with distolateral spine usually overreaching blade; 

mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th 

thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod 

with fingers simple or subspatuiate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 

2nd pereopods similar, not necessarily equal, chelae 

usually borne in vertical plane, chela longer than carpus, 

strongly compressed, fingers large, subspatulate, usually 

ornately dentate, often with distal lateral flange on fixed finger; 

3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not 

fused, dactyl strongly compressed, elaborately dentate on 

flexor margin; associated with sponges. 

RANGE.—Djibouti, eastern Africa, and Madagascar to Hong 

Kong, Japan, Philippines, Australia, New Caledonia, Wake 

Island, and Marshall and Fiji islands to Hawaii; 0-84 m, in 

sponges. 

REMARKS.—It may be apparent from the following key to 

the 12 currently recognized species of Onycocaris that they 

may be subdivided into three or four groups. Perhaps the most 

distinct one, and therefore the one most deserving of eventual 

generic status, is represented by O. longirostris and O. 

zanzibarica, which are distinguished by the strongly dentate 

rostrum and the ventral angle of the orbit armed with what 

simulates a strong antennal spine; also assignable to this group, 

if it is specifically distinct, are the pair of specimens from 

Zanzibar mentioned and illustrated by Bruce (1971c:298, 

fig.lF.G). Three other species with dentate rostra, albeit with 

less prominent dorsal teeth, are O. furculata, O. profunda, and 

O. seychellensis, which are otherwise differentiated by having


the fixed finger of the second pereopod deeply bifurcate for the O. callyspongiae, and O. quadratophthalma—have the cornea 

reception of the movable finger. Of the species without any of the eye clearly subconical, rather than hemispherical, as in 

rostral teeth, three apparently close relatives—O. amakusensis, all other species of Onycocahs. 

Key to Species of Onycocaris 

1. Rostrum armed with sharp dorsal teeth on anterior '/2; ventral angle of orbit armed 

with elongate spine 2 

Rostrum unarmed or bearing rather inconspicuous dorsal teeth; ventral angle of 

orbit rounded or, at most, acutely triangular, not spinose 3 

2. Rostrum reaching nearly to level of end of antennular peduncle; 2nd pereopod with 

acute tooth on extensor surface of carpus and broad distal tooth on flexor margin 

of merus O. longirostris Bruce, 1980a: 15 

(New Caledonia; 20 m) 

Rostrum not overreaching basal segment of antennular peduncle; 2nd pereopod 

with carpus and merus unarmed . . O. zanzibarica Bruce, 1971c:293, figs. 1, 2 

(Kenya and Zanzibar; 7-18 m) 

3. Rostrum bearing 2-4 somewhat indistinct dorsal teeth; 2nd pereopod with fixed 

finger distinctly and subequally bifid for reception of movable finger 4 

Rostrum unarmed; 2nd pereopod with fixed finger at most indistinctly and 

unequally bifid at distal end 6 

4. Ventral orbital angle blunt or rounded; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of 

dactyl deeply incised, forked O. furculata Bruce, 1979c:324, figs. 1-4 

(La Reunion, Indian Ocean; 20 m) 

Ventral orbital angle sharply acute; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of dactyl 

truncate 5 

5. Antennal scale with distolateral spine slender, far overreaching distal margin of 

blade; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of dactyl transversely truncate .... 

86. O. profunda 

Antennal scale with distolateral spine stout, barely reaching level of distal margin 

of blade; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of dactyl obliquely truncate . . . 

O. seychellensis Bruce, 1971b:208, figs. 1-6 

(Kenya, Seychelles, Japan, and Fiji Islands; less than 1 m) 

6. Second pereopod with distal tooth on flexor margins of merus and ischium; 3rd 

pereopod with unguis of dactyl bearing 4-8 denticles on flexor margin .... 7 

Second pereopod without distal tooth on flexor margins of merus and ischium; 3rd 

pereopod with unguis of dactyl not denticulate on flexor margin 10 

7. Cornea of eye subconical 8 

Cornea of eye hemispherical 9 

8. Second pereopod with fingers not excavate on opposable surfaces, therefore not 

bimarginal, not marginally serrate in distal '/2, without row of acute teeth on 

mesial surfaces 

O. amakusensis Fujino and Miyake, 1969b;413, figs. 6, 8a-c, 9a-c 

(Zanzibar, Japan, Australia; shallow water) 

Second pereopod with fingers distinctly excavate, bimarginal, lateral margin serrate 

in distal '/2, mesial margin armed with row of acute teeth 

O. callyspongiae Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:422, figs. 10-12 

(Tanzania and Japan) 

9. Third pereopod with dactyl bearing 5 acute spinules on flexor margin of unguis 

O. aualitica (Nobili, 1904:233) 

(Djibouti and La Reunion) 

Third pereopod with dactyl bearing few blunt denticles on flexor margin of unguis 

O. oligodentata Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:415, figs. 7, 8d-f, 9d-f 

(Hong Kong, Japan, Australia; 17-35 m)


10. Ventral orbital angle sharply acute; antennal scale more than 2'/2 times as long as 

wide; 2nd pereopod with fingers excavate, spatulate, both margins dentate .... 

O. trullata Bruce, 1978a:269, figs. 36-41 

(Madagascar, 28 m) 

Ventral orbital angle rounded; antennal scale no more than twice as long as wide; 

2nd pereopod with fingers not excavate or spatulate 11 

11. Cornea of eye subconical; 2nd pereopod with merus unarmed on flexor margin; 3rd 

pereopod with subdistal tooth of dactyl not deeply incised 

O. quadratophthalma (Balss, 1921b:15) 

(Western Australia and Hong Kong) 

Cornea of eye hemispherical; 2nd pereopod with merus bearing 2 or more teeth on 

flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with subdistal tooth on dactyl deeply incised, bifid 

O. spinosa Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:429, figs. 13-15 

(Ryukyu Islands; 1 m) 

86. Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985 

Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985b:241, figs. 8-11 [type locality: Mompog 

Pass, northeast of Marinduque, Philippines; 81-84 meters]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum slightly overreaching ventral orbital 

angle, armed dorsally with 3 inconspicuous teeth; carapace 

armed with short, acute tooth at ventral orbital angle; cornea of 

eye hemispherical; antennal scale slightly more than twice as 

long as wide, not including distolateral spine, latter slender, 

elongate, far exceeding distal margin of blade; 2nd pereopod 

with fingers deeply grooved on opposable surfaces, hence 

bimarginal, margins denticulate throughout, fixed finger 

subequally and sharply bifid for reception of movable finger, 

carpus unarmed, merus and ischium feebly tuberculate but 

without distal tooth on flexor margin; ambulatory pereopod 

with unguis of dactyl without denticles on flexor margin, 

penultimate tooth transversely truncate, not deeply incised; 

postorbital carapace length 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in Mompog 

Pass, Philippines, in 81-84 meters. 

*Palaemonella Dana, 1852 

Palaemonella Dana 1852a: 17 [type species, selected by Kingsley, 1880:425: 

Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852a; gender: feminine]. 


eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally and ventrally, lateral 

carina not expanded into broad supraocular or postocular eave; 

Key to Species of Palaemonella 

carapace neither noticeably depressed nor compressed, dorsal 

profile nearly horizontal, dorsal series of rostral teeth continued 

onto anterior part of carapace, anterior margin not produced 

anteriorly or deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal 

branchiostegal suture, with antennal and immovable hepatic 

spines, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen 

with pleuron of 5th somite sharp-pointed; telson not curved 


pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad dorsolateral spines 

slender, not robust; antenna! scale well developed; mandible 

with palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite 

with slender median process; 1st pereopod not subspatulate, 

carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, sometimes 

unequal, chela longer than carpus, fingers not provided 


semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and 

ischium not fused, dactyl not biunguiculate, not provided with 

massive protuberance on flexor margin, merus unarmed on 

flexor margin. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and southern Africa to Pacific coast of 

America, eastern Atlantic, and eastern Mediterranean; littoral 

to 128 meters, usually free-living, one species commensal with 

crinoids. 

REMARKS.—Only four of the 13 currently recognized 

species of Palaemonella, included in the following key, are 

known from the Philippine-Indonesian area, and only the most 

commonly collected species is represented in the Albatross 

Philippine Expedition collections. 

1. Carapace with supraorbital spine (small in P. holmesi) 2 

Carapace without supraorbital spine (tubercle usually present in P. rotumana) 

7 

2. Second pereopod with merus unarmed on flexor margin 3 

Second pereopod with merus armed with distal tooth on flexor margin 4


3. Second pereopods unequal, major chela with movable finger crested on distal part 

of extensor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl ] /5 as long as propodus 

P. asymmetrica Holthuis, 1951a:19, pi. 5 

(Galapagos Islands; littoral) 

Second pereopods subequal, movable finger without crest on extensor margin; 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl about '/2 as long as propodus 

P. holmesi (Nobili, 1907:5) 

(Eastern Pacific from southern California to 

Ecuador and Galapagos Islands; littoral to 128 m) 

4. Second pereopod with ischium distoventrally unarmed 

P. spinulata Yokoya, 1936:135, fig. 4 

(Kenya, Tanzania, La Reunion, southwestern 

Japan, Queensland, Australia) 

Second pereopods with ischium bearing distal tooth on extensor margin .... 5 

5. Third pereopod with dactyl about '/3 of propodal length, slender, about 12 times 

longer than proximal depth 

P. dolichodactylus Bruce, 1991a:232, figs. 6f-l, 7 

(New Caledonia) 

Third pereopod with dactyl about '/5 of propodal length (or less), 5-6 times longer 

than proximal depth 6 

6. Rostral formula: 8/3 P. crosnieri Bruce, 1978a:260, figs. 2-4 

(Kenya and Mozambique Channel; 20 m) 

Rostral formula: 6-7/2 P. disalvoi Fransen, 1987:511, figs. 7-12 

(Easter Island) 

7. Second pereopod with merus armed with sharp distal tooth on flexor margin . . 8 

Second pereopod with merus unarmed 11 

8. Second pereopod with carpus armed distally with apparently submarginal sharp 

tooth 9 

Second pereopod with carpus armed distally with 1 or 2 marginal teeth .... 10 

9. Antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide; mandible vestigial, with unsegmented 

palp; 2nd pereopods unequal P. atlantica Holthuis, 1951b: 152, fig. 31 

(Cape Verde Islands; 40 m) 

Antennal scale about 4 times as long as wide; mandible bearing 2-segmented palp; 

2nd pereopods subequal 90. P. tenuipes 

10. Carapace without supraorbital tubercle; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl 

sinuous, distoventral propodal spines short 88. P. pottsi 

Carapace usually with supraorbital tubercle; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of 

dactyl regularly concave, not sinuous, distoventral propodal spines long 

*89. P. rotumana 

11. Rostrum not reaching as far as terminal segment of antennular peduncle, armed with 

6 dorsal and 1 ventral teeth; mandibular palp vestigial, unsegmented 

P. pusilla Bruce, 1975b:169, figs. 1-5 

(Kenya; littoral) 

Rostrum overreaching antennular peduncle, armed with 8 dorsal and 2 or 3 ventral 

teeth; mandibular palp composed of 2 segments 12 

12. Comea wider than eyestalk; antennal scale with distolateral tooth not reaching as far 

as distal margin of blade; 2nd pereopod without acute distal teeth on carpus; 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl less than 'A as long as propodus 

P. burnsi Holthuis, 1973:24, figs. 8, 9 

(Hawaii; in anchialine pools) 

Eyestalk wider than comea; antennal scale with distolateral tooth overreaching blade; 

2nd pereopod with 2 acute teeth on distal margin of carpus; 3rd pereopod with 

dactyl about '/3 as long as propodus 87. P. lota


87. Palaemonella lata Kemp, 1922 

Palaemonella lata Kemp, 1922:127, figs. 3-6 [type locality: Aberdeen, Port 

Blair, Andaman Islands; rock pool at low tide].—Bruce, 1970d:274, 284, 

fig. 1. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennular peduncle, 

rostral formula 2 + 6/3; carapace devoid of supraorbital spine; 

cornea narrower than eyestalk; antennal scale about 3 times as 

long as wide, distolateral tooth slightly overreaching blade; 

mandibular palp composed of 2 segments; 2nd pereopods 

subequal, movable finger not crested on extensor margin, 

carpus armed with acute marginal spines, without subterminal 

spine, merus and ischium unarmed on flexor margins; 3rd 

pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl regularly concave, not 

sinuous, about l /3 as long as propodus; maximum postorbital 

carapace length 3 mm. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar, La Reunion, Andaman Islands, Indonesia, 

and Hawaii; littoral, possibly associated with sponges. 

88. Palaemonella pottsi (Borradaile, 1915) 

Periclimenes (Falciger) pottsi Borradaile, 1915:212 [type locality: Torres 

Strait; on Comanthus]. 

Palaemonella pottsi.—Bruce, 1970d:274, 279, figs. 1, 3-7. 


rostral formula 2 + 5-6/2; carapace devoid of supraorbital 

spine; cornea slightly wider than eyestalk; antennal scale 3'/3 to 

4 times as long as wide, anterolateral tooth overreaching blade; 

mandibular palp composed of 2 segments; 2nd pereopods 


carpus armed with 2 small, acute marginal spines, without 

subterminal spine, merus armed with sharp distal tooth on 

flexor margin, ischium unarmed; 3rd pereopod with flexor 

margin of dactyl slightly sinuous, less than l /s as long as 

propodus, disto-ventral propodal spines short; maximum 

postorbital carapace length 6.6 mm. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar, Japan; Singapore; Philippines; Queensland, 

Australia; New Caledonia; and Marshall Islands; 

associated with crinoids. Kemp (1922:131) notes that Zehntner's 

specimen of P. tenuipes from Ambon was entirely black, 

making it virtually certain that it was a specimen of P. pottsi, 

which is very commonly an intense deep blue-red, as near black 

as does not matter, when on such hosts as Tropiometra afra. 

•89. Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898) 

Periclimenes rotumana Borradaile, 1898:383 [type locality: Rotuma, Fiji 

Islands]. 

Palaemonella vestigialis Kemp, 1922:123, figs. 1, 2; pi. 3: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Port Blair, Andaman Islands].—Holthuis, 1952c:24, figs. 2a,b, 3. 

Palaemonella rotumana.—Bruce, 1970d:276, fig. 2; 1975b: 182, fig. 6H. 


rostral formula 2 + 4-6/1-3; carapace with tubercle in lieu of 

supraorbital spine; cornea wider than eyestalk; antennal scale 

3 l /3 to 4 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth overreaching 

blade; mandibular palp composed of 2 segments; 2nd pereopods 


carpus armed with 2 small, acute marginal spines, without 

subterminal spine, merus armed with sharp distal tooth on 

flexor margin; ischium unarmed; 3rd pereopod with flexor 

margin of dactyl slightly sinuous, '/3 to '/2 as long as propodus, 

distoventral propodal spines long; maximum postorbital carapace 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Davao Gulf, Mindanao: sta 

5249; 7°06'08"N, 125°40'08"E; 42 m; coral, sand; 18 May 

1908 (1102-1109); 9' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male [2.7]; sta 

5253; 7°04'48"N, 125°39'38"E; 51 m; coral; 18 May 1908 

(1347-1358); 6' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male [2.8].—Near 

Siasi, Sulu Archipelago; sta 5147; 5°41'40"E; 38 m; coral sand, 

shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, 

mud bag: 3 males [2.6-4.3] 3 ovig females [2.7-3.9]. 

RANGE.—Eastern Mediterranean; Red Sea; and eastern 

Africa to Philippines and Indonesia; and eastward to Hawaii; 

associated with dead coral on muddy bottom, to depth of 

126-128m. 

90. Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852 

Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Sulu Sea, Philippines].—Holthuis, 

1952c:27.—Bruce, 1970d:274, fig. 1. 


rostral formula 2 + 4-5/2-3; carapace without supraorbital 

spine; cornea slightly wider than eyestalk; antennal scale about 

4 times as long as wide; mandibular palp composed of 2 

segments; 2nd pereopods subequal, movable finger not crested 

on extensor margin, carpus unarmed distally but with strong, 

acute subterminal spine, merus with distal tooth on flexor 

margin, ischium unarmed; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of 

dactyl regularly concave, not sinuous, '/3 as long as propodus; 


RANGE.—Red Sea and western Indian Ocean to Philippines 

and eastward to International Date Line; littoral, apparently free 

living, not associated with other animals. 

Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952 

Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952c:5, 13,91 [type species, by original designation: 

Anchistus biungukulatus Borradaile, 1898:387 (= Pontonia armata H. Milne 

Edwards, 1837:359); gender: masculine]. 


eyes, compressed laterally, armed in anterior '/2 of dorsal 

margin and distoventrally, lateral carina not expanded into 


depressed nor compressed, dorsal profile faintly sinuous, 

unarmed, anterior margin not strongly produced anteroventrally 

or deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal ridge 

or suture, with antennal and movable hepatic spines, without 

supraorbital, orbital or suborbital spines, orbital margin not 

interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite

90 

usually broadly rounded, at most obscurely quadrate; telson not 


submedian pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad, 

dorsolateral spines small; antennal scale well developed, 

distolateral spine distinct; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped 

with well-developed exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without 


subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, subequal, chela much 

longer than carpus, fingers not provided with socket and 

plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular; 

3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium 

not fused, dactyl without massive protuberance on flexor 

margin, merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral 

branch bearing lateral movable spine but without fixed 

lateral tooth. 

Key to Species of Paranchistus 


RANGE.—Mozambique, Madagascar, Comoro Islands, and 

Persian Gulf to Japan, Palau Islands, Indonesia, New Guinea, 

New Ireland, and Australia to Gilbert and Marshall islands; 

living in bivalve mollusks. 

REMARKS.—The presence of an hepatic spine—the sole 

character by which Paranchistus is distinguished from Anchistus—is 

usually a valid generic character in the carideans, 

but the fact that it very nearly disappears in large specimens of 

P. armatus indicates how closely related the two genera are, as 

pointed out by Bruce (1975e:54). 

Also, the questionable distinctions that are supposed to 

separate three of the six species currently assigned to 

Paranchistus (P. pycnodontae, P. serenei, and P. spondylis) 

have made the construction of the following key less than 

satisfactory. 

1. Rostrum tapering toward apex in lateral aspect, directed somewhat ventrad ... 2 

Rostrum with margins subparallel or diverging in anterior ] /2 in lateral aspect, nearly 

horizontal 3 

2. Second pereopod with movable finger considerably overreaching fixed finger, 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate; maximum carapace length more than 15 mm; 

living in Tridacna 91. P. armatus 

Second pereopod with movable finger overreaching fixed finger little, if at all; 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate; maximum carapace length about 

5 mm; living in Atrina P. ornatus Holthuis, 1952c:97, figs. 39, 40 

(Zanzibar, Kenya, Madagascar, 

Comoro Islands, Mozambique) 

3. First pereopod with fingers subspatulate and denticulate on opposable margins 

P. pycnodontae Bruce, 1978b:233, figs. 1-5, pi. 39 

(Heron Island, Capricorn Group, 

Queensland, Australia; 3 m) 

First pereopod with fingers not subspatulate or denticulate on opposable margins 

4 

4. Second pereopod with movable finger no longer than fixed finger; 3rd pereopod with 

dactyl not flattened on extensor margin; living in Spondylus 

P. spondylis Suzuki, 1971:15, figs. 8, 9 

(Sagami Wan, Honshu, Japan) 

Second pereopod with movable finger longer than fixed finger; 3rd pereopod with 

dactyl flattened on extensor margin 5 

5. Third pereopod with accessory tooth on flexor margin of dactyl not covered with 

spinules distally 92. P. nobilii 

Third pereopod with accessory tooth on flexor margin of dactyl covered with minute 

spinules distally 93. P. serenei 

91. Paranchistus armatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 

Pfontonia] armata H. Milne Edwards, 1837:359 [type locality: New Ireland, 

Papua New Guinea]. 

Anchistus biunguiculatus Borradaile, 1898:387 [type locality: Tlibetube, 

Engineer Group, Papua; in Tridacna]. 

Anchistus oshimai Kubo, 1949:26, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Palau Islands]. 

Paranchistus biunguiculatus.—Holthuis, 1952c:93, figs. 36-38. 

Paranchistus armatus.—Bruce, 1975e:49, figs. 1-3. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum tapering toward apex in lateral 

aspect, directed somewhat ventrad; 1st pereopod with fingers 

subspatulate and pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod 

with movable finger longer than fixed finger, hooked 

distally; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, not flattened 

on extensor margin, not partially covered with spines or horny 

tubercles; maximum postorbital carapace length 15.3 mm. 

RANGE.—Indonesia; New Guinea; Papua; Palau Islands;


Queensland, Australia; New Ireland; and Gilbert and Marshall 

islands; in Tridacna. 

REMARKS.—An ovigerous female of P. armatus in the 

Smithsonian collections from Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, 

has a postorbital carapace length of 15.3 mm. 

92. Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952 

Anchistus Miersi.—Nobili, 1906b:48 [not Harpilius Miersi De Man, 1888]. 

Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952c: 13,100, figs. 41, 42 [type locality: 

Arzanah Island, Ruqq Az Zaqqum bank, Persian Gulf coast of United Arab 

Emirates; from Spondylus gaederopus].—Bruce, 1983c:89O, figs. 6E, 8I.J. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum widening slightly toward apex, 

nearly horizontal or directed slightly ventrad; 2nd pereopod 

with movable finger longer than fixed finger, hooked distally; 

3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, flattened and minutely 

tuberculate on extensor margin; maximum postorbital carapace 

length little more than 5 mm. 

RANGE.—Persian Gulf, Indonesia, and Kiribati (Gilbert 

Islands); living in Spondylus, Pinna, and Tridacna. 

93. Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983 

Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983c:890, figs. 7H.I, 9 [type locality: Teluk 

Sawai, Ceram, Indonesia; in Ostrea cristagalli]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum widening slightly toward apex, 

nearly horizontal or directed slightly ventrad; 2nd pereopod 

with movable finger slightly longer than fixed finger, hooked 

distally; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, flattened on 

extensor margin, latter and accessory tooth on flexor margin 

bearing minute spinules; maximum postorbital carapace length 


RANGE.—Known only from the type locality on Ceram, 

Indonesia, living in Ostrea. 

Paratypton Balss, 1914 

Paratypton Balss, 1914a:83 [type species, by monotypy: Paratypton siebenrocki 

Balss, 1914b:84; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum lacking, represented by transverse 

straight or concave lamina crossing posterior portion of 

ophthalmic somite; carapace globular, without antennal, hepatic, 

suborbital, or supraorbital spines; abdomen with pleura 

of all somites rounded; telson not curving ventrad, margin 

ovoid, not incised posteriorly, without dorsolateral spines, 

posterior spines small to minute; antennal scale small, about 

twice as long as wide, broadly rounded distally without 

distolateral spine; maxilliped without exopod; 4th thoracic 

sternite without median process; 1st pereopod with carpus 

entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, subequal, chela 

much longer than carpus, fingers not provided with socket and 

plunger closure, movable finger not semicircular; 3rd pereopod 


without protuberance on flexor margin, merus unarmed on 

flexor margin; uropod without fixed tooth or movable spine on 

lateral margin of lateral branch. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Indonesia and the 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia and the Marshall, Fiji, and 

Samoa islands; living in barely detectable cysts in Acropora 

corals. 

REMARKS.—Only one species is recognized. 

94. Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914 

Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914a:84, fig. 1 [type locality: "Senafir," 

"Koseir," and "Sherm Sheikh," Red Sea; Jaluit, Marshall Islands; and 

Samoa].—Bruce, 1969d:172, figs, l-5.pl. 1; 1983c:897. 



RANGE.—See "Range" of the genus. 

*Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Borradaile, 

1917:378: Periclimenaeus robustus Borradaile, 1915:213; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, usually overreaching 

anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed at least 

dorsally throughout length, lateral carina not expanded into 

broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace slightly 

compressed, dorsal profile straight or slightly convex, with or 

without 1 or more teeth of dorsal rostral series continuing onto 

gastric region, anterior margin not produced anteroventrally as 

prominent convex lobe and not deeply concave (notched), 

without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with antennal 

spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin often interrupted 

posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not 


curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not particularly robust; 

antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp; 3rd 

maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender 

median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided; 

2nd pereopods dissimilar and unequal, fingers of major 

chela with socket and plunger closure; 3rd pereopod composed 

of 7 or 8 segments, merus and ischium not fused; uropod with 

at least one fixed lateral tooth on lateral branch, accompanied 

by at least one movable spine mesial thereto. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and South Africa to Japan, Indonesia, and 

Australia, and eastward to Hawaii and Pacific coast of America 

from Costa Rica to Colombia and western Atlantic from North 

Carolina and Bermuda to Panama and Trinidad; associated with 

sponges, alcyonarians, and ascidians, from shallow water to 

37Of meters. 

REMARKS.—Only eight of the 55 currently recognized 

species of Periclimenaeus are known from the Philippines or 

Indonesia; a key to those eight species is offered below.

92 

Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenaeus 


1. Third pereopod with dactyl bearing acute tooth at extreme proximal end of flexor 

margin between distal spines on flexor margin of propodus 2 

Third pereopod with dactyl unarmed at extreme proximal end of flexor margin . . . 

3 

2. Third pereopod with dactyl distally simple, not biunguiculate ... 100. P. storchi 

Third pereopod with dactyl distally biunguiculate 101. P. tridentatus 

3. Carapace with supraorbital spines, sometimes minute 4 

Carapace without supraorbital spines 6 

4. Supraorbital spines large, sharp; 1st pereopod with fingers longer than palm .... 

102. P. truncoideus, new species 

Supraorbital spines minute, inconspicuous; 1st pereopod with fingers no more than 

'/2 as long as palm 5 

5. Rostral formula 0 + 5/0; antennal scale with distolateral tooth far overreaching distal 

margin of blade; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, composed of 2 distinct 

segments 95. P. arthrodactylus 

Rostral formula 1+6/1; antennal scale with blade overreaching distolateral tooth; 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented 97. P. holthuisi 

6. Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 96. P. hecate 

Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 7 

7. Major 2nd pereopod with merus dentate on flexor margin .... *98. P. minutus 

Major 2nd pereopod with merus unarmed on flexor margin ... 99. P. spongicola 

95. Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952c: 122, figs. 51-53 [type locality: 

Pulau Sailus-ketjil, Kepulauan Tengah, Indonesia]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 5/0; carapace with small 

supraorbital spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral 

spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with 

distolateral tooth far overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st 

pereopod with fingers less than x li as long as palm; major 2nd 

pereopod with merus rugose but not granulous or dentate on 

flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, 

but distinctly 2-segmented, without acute tooth at 

proximal end of flexor margin; postorbital carapace length less 

than 3 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the unique ovigerous female 

holotype from Kepulauan Tengah, Indonesia. 

96. Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili, 1904) 

Coralliocaris hecate Nobili. 1904:232 [type locality: Djibouti]; 1906:58. pi. 3: 

fig. 2. 

Periclimenaeus hecate.—Bruce. 1974c: 1574. figs. 11. 12, 13E; 1976d:22, figs. 

8-11. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 4-5/0; carapace without 



distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st 

pereopod with fingers subequal to palm in length; major 2nd 

pereopod with merus not granulous or dentate on flexor 

margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, 

not segmented, without acute tooth at proximal end of flexor 

margin; postorbital carapace length less than 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Indonesia and Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia; associated with ascidians. 

97. Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969 

Periclimenaeus rhodope.—Holthuis, 1952c: 125, figs. 54, 55bis [not Coralliocaris 

(Onycocaris) rhodope Nobili, 1904]. 

Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969a: 159 [type locality: Banda, Moluccas, 

Indonesia; 17 m]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 1 +6/1; carapace with small 




pereopod with fingers about '/2 as long as palm; major 2nd 

pereopod with merus granulous on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod 

with dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented, without acute tooth 

at proximal end of flexor margin; postorbital carapace length 

slightly more than 5 mm. 

RANGE.—Indonesia. 

*98. Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952c; 134, figs. 57-59 [type locality: 

Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 18-36 m].—Bruce. 1978d:121. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 5/0; carapace without 



distolateral spine not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st 

pereopod with fingers not quite as long as palm; major 2nd 

pereopod with merus dentate on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod


with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, not segmented, without 

acute tooth at proximal end of flexor margin; postorbital 

carapace length about 2 mm or more. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago; 

sta 5174; 6°03'45"N, 120°57'E; 37 m; coarse sand; 5 

Mar 1908 (1551-1557): 9' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male 

[2.2]. 

RANGE.—Off Somali Republic, Tanzania, Philippines, and 

Indonesia; 18-80 m, associated with sponges. 

REMARKS.—The specimen from off Jolo Island agrees with 

the original description of P. minutus in most particulars, but 

the rostrum is armed with six rather than five dorsal teeth, the 

first pereopod appears to be more slender than in the illustration 

given by Holthuis (1952c, fig. 58a), and the palm of the minor 

second pereopod is distinctly compressed rather than cylindrical. 

99. Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952c: 137, figs. 60-62 [type locality: 

Java Sea; 4°41'S, 113°02'E; 28-32 m, in sponge]. 





pereopod with fingers about as long as palm; major 2nd 

pereopod with merus devoid of granules or spines on flexor 

margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented, 

without acute tooth at proximal end of flexor margin; 

postorbital carapace length nearly 3'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in the Java Sea. 

100. Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989 

Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989b: 181, fig. 5 [type locality: Cuaming 

Island, Bohol Strait, Philippines]. 


supraorbital spines or tubercles; telson with posterior pair of 

dorsolateral spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal 

scale with distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of 

blade; 1st pereopod with fingers slightly shorter than palm; 

major 2nd pereopod with merus devoid of tubercles or spines; 

3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, not 

composed of 2 segments, but with acute tooth at proximal end 

of flexor margin; postorbital carapace length 2.25 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the pair of specimens from the 

type locality between Cebu and Bohol, Philippines, associated 

with an unidentified tunicate. 

101. Periclimenaeus tridentatus (Miers, 1884) 

Coralliocaris ?tridentata Miers, 1884:294, pi. 32: fig. C [type locality: 

Thursday Island, Torres Strait]. 

Periclimenaeus tridentatus.—Holthuis, 1952c: 140, figs. 63-65 [part, specimens 

from Siboga station 99 only].—Bruce, 1974c: 1576, fig. 150; 

1979f:235; 1983d:206. 


supraorbital spine, occasionally represented by obscure tubercle; 

telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising 

posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with distolateral tooth 

not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod with 

fingers fully as long as palm; major 2nd pereopod with merus 

devoid of granules or teeth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with 

dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented, with acute tooth at 

proximal end of flexor margin; maximum postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Known with certainty from Singapore; Sulu 

Archipelago, Philippines; Torres Strait; and northern and 

eastern Australia; associated with the ascidian Diplosoma. 

REMARKS.—The real P. tridentatus may be distinguished 

from other currently known Philippine-Indonesian species by 

the presence of an acute, proximal tooth on the flexor margin of 

the dactyls of the three posterior pairs of pereopods. 

102. Periclimenaeus truncoideus, new species 

Periclimenaeus truncatus Holthuis, 1952c:117, figs. 48-50.—Bruce, 

1981c:211, figs. 16, 17d. [Not Coralliocaris truncata Rathbun, 1906.] 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 7-8/0; carapace with 

strong supraorbital spine reaching proximal margin of cornea 

of anteriorly extended eyes; telson with posterior pair of 

dorsolateral spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal 

scale with distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of 

blade; 1st pereopod with fingers slightly longer than palm; 

major 2nd pereopod with merus unarmed; 3rd pereopod with 

dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented, with 4-6 spine-like teeth 

on flexor margin but none at extreme proximal end of that 

margin; maximum postorbital carapace length about 2'/2 mm. 

TYPE LOCALITY.—Siboga Station 260; 2.3 miles (3.7 km) N, 

63°W from north point of Kai Besar, Kepulauan Kai, 

Indonesia; 5°36.5'S, 132°55.2'E; 90 m. Holotype in Zoological 

Museum, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar, Philippines, and Indonesia; 70-90 m. 

REMARKS.—Comparison of the female holotype of Coralliocaris 

truncata Rathbun, 1906:920, fig. 70, pi. 24: fig. 2, which 

has a postorbital carapace length of 2.0 mm, with the 

description and illustrations of the adult specimen assigned to 

that species by Holthuis (1952c) and Bruce (1981c) reveals that 

the Indonesian and Philippine specimens are not conspecific 

with the Hawaiian example. The latter is distinguished by 

having the rostrum armed with eight teeth, the three anteriormost 

forming a vertical row, the eighth being ventral and 

shorter than the sixth and seventh, as illustrated by Rathbun 

(Figure 70), rather than having the rostrum terminating in a 

sharp point, with all of the rostral teeth dorsal and posterior 

thereto. The supraorbital tooth is larger and not quite as long as 

in the Philippine-Indonesian specimens, not reaching as far as 

the anteriorly extended cornea of the eye. The antennal spine is 

large and submarginal. The telson is missing from the holotype. 

The dorsolateral branch of the antennular flagellum is fused for

94 

slightly more than two segments, rather than four segments, as 

described by Holthuis. The antennal scale most closely 

resembles the left one illustrated by Holthuis (Figure 48b). The 

third maxilliped is like that illustrated by Bruce (1981c, fig. 

16b), as is the first pereopod (Bruce, fig. 16c). The second 

pereopods are more or less covered with subacute granules in 

the holotype of C. truncata; the right (major) chela has the 

margin proximal to that of the fixed finger nearly straight, 

without a bulge, the movable finger with two subtriangular 

teeth on the proximal half of the opposable margin, the fixed 

finger with a small, blunt proximal tooth closing between the 

two on the movable finger and a convex, distally rectangular 

lobe occupying most of the distal half of the opposable margin, 

extensor margin notched to form two blunt distal lobes, hardly 

"two small teeth" (Rathbun, 1906:921); minor, left chela with 

fingers regularly tapering, crossing distally, one and one-fourth 

times as long as the palm, unarmed on the opposable margins, 

the merus with a slightly angular distal lobe on the flexor 

margin, the extensor margin with a rectangular lobe resulting 

from a gap similar to the one on the major cheliped. The third 

pereopod has the dactyl stout, little more than twice as long as 

wide, strongly convex on both margins, the terminal teeth 

strongly curved, the penultimate one subperpendicular to the 

flexor margin, the latter bearing four spine-like teeth, the 

proximal one and the distal one at the base of the penultimate 

terminal tooth distinctly smaller than the others. The uropod 

has the lateral margin curving onto the diaeresis, the curve 

being armed with a row of seven marginal spines, the three on 

the lateral margin being the smallest, the fourth broken, and the 

remaining three (on the diaeresis) being much longer. Perhaps 

the most important character for distinguishing P. truncoideus 

from P. truncatus is the dactyl of the third pereopod, in which 

the terminal teeth curve less strongly from the axis of the 

segment and the flexor margin is nearly straight rather than 

distinctly convex. 

ETYMOLOGY.—The Latin adjectival suffix "-oideus," denoting 

"like" or "resembling," is combined with the root of the 

specific name "truncatus." 

*Periclimenes O.G. Costa, 1844 

Pelias P. Roux, 1831:25 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1955:57: Alpheus 

amethystea Risso, 1827:77; gender: masculine. Invalid junior homonym of 

Pelias Merrem, 1820 (Reptilia)]. 

Periclimenes O.G. Costa, 1844:290 [type species, by monotypy: Periclimenes 

insignis O.G. Costa, 1844:291 (= Alpheus amethystea Risso, 1827:77); 

gender: masculine]. 

Anchistia Dana, 1852a: 17 [type species, selected by Kingsley, 1880:424: 

Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1852a:25; gender: feminine]. 

Harpilius Dana, 1852a: 17 [type species, by monotypy: Harpilius lutescens 

Dana. 1852a:25; gender: masculine]. 

Urocaris Stimpson, 1860:39 [type species, by original designation: Urocaris 

longicaudata Stimpson, 1860:39; gender: feminine]. 

Dennisia Norman, 1861:278 [type species, by monotypy: Dennisia sagittifera 

Norman, 1861:278; gender: feminine]. 


Ancylocaris Schenkel, 1902:563 [type species, by monotypy: Ancylocaris 

brevicarpalis Schenkel, 1902:563]. 

Corniger Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Borradaile, 1917:365: 

Periclimenes (Corniger) ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915:211; gender: 

masculine. Invalid junior homonym of Corniger Agassiz, 1831 (Pisces) and 

Corniger Boehm, 1879 (Pycnogonida)]. 

Cristiger Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1955:61: 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis Borradaile, 1915:211; gender: masculine. 

Invalid junior homonym of Cristiger G'ist\, 1848 (Hymenoptera)]. 

Falciger Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1955:61: 

Periclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis Borradaile, 1915:211; gender: masculine. 

Invalid junior homonym of Falciger Say, 1824 (Coleoptera), Falciger 

Bucholz, 1869 (Arachnoidea), and Falciger Trouessart and Megnin, 1883 

(Arachnoidea)]. 

Laomenes Clark, 1919:199 [replacement name for Corniger, gender: masculine]. 

Cuapetes Clark, 1919:199 [replacement name for Corniger; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, usually overreaching 

anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally; carapace 

moderately compressed, dorsal profile straight or slightly 

convex, with or without 1 or more teeth of dorsal rostral series 

continuing onto gastric region, anterior margin not produced 

anteroventrally as prominent convex lobe and not deeply 

concave (notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, 

with antennal and immovable hepatic spines, orbital margin 

usually not interrupted posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad, 


posterior spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not 

particularly robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like 


palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite with or 

without slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus 

entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, chelae not borne 

in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not 

provided with socket and plunger closure, movable finger 

normal, not semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 

segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing 

hoof-shaped protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing 

at least 1 movable lateral spine. 

RANGE.—All tropical and most subtropical seas; littoral to 

1820 meters, usually but not always associated with other 

marine invertebrates. 

REMARKS.—Of the 164 valid species of Periclimenes 

recognized herein, the 57 covered in the following key are here 

considered to occur in the Philippines or Indonesia. The Siboga 

specimens identified by Holthuis (1952c:64) as Periclimenes 

(Harpilius) ? calmani are not included in this key because they 

probably represent a distinct species. They are not now 

sufficiently intact, however, to permit determination of their 

exact status (Bruce, 1987c: 124). Also, the Siboga specimen 

identified as Periclimenes (Periclimenes) parvus by Holthuis 

(1952c:40) is omitted from the Philippine-Indonesian list 

because it may be distinct from Borradaile's species.


Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenes 

1. Carapace with supraorbital or postorbital tooth 2 

Carapace without supraorbital or postorbital tooth, at most with obscure tubercle 

13 

2. One or 2 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin 

3 

All dorsal rostral teeth situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to posterior orbital 

margin 10 

3. Second pereopod with distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 4 

Second pereopod without distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 9 

4. Second pereopod with carpus armed distally with 1 -3 teeth 5 

Second pereopod with carpus unarmed distally 8 

5. Fifth pereopod reaching as far as or beyond end of antennal scale 6 

Fifth pereopod not reaching as far as end of antennal scale 7 

6. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series situated posterior to level of hepatic 

spine; 2nd pereopod without sound-producing fossae on opposable margins of 

both fingers 108. P. andamanensis 

Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series situated in line with or anterior to level 

of hepatic spine; 2nd pereopod with sound-producing fossae on opposable 

margins of both fingers 154. P. spiniferus 

7. Second pereopod with carpus armed with 2 distal spines . . . . *122. P. elegans 

Second pereopod with carpus armed with 1 distal spine 128. P. grandis 

8. Second pereopod with carpus about 5 times as long as distal width; uropod 

overreaching extended telson 123. P. ensifrons 

Second pereopod with carpus 7-8 times as long as distal width; uropod not 

overreaching extended telson 140. P. longirostris 

9. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series isolated from rest of series; antennal 

scale with distolateral tooth far overreaching distal margin of blade 

*107. P. amymone 

Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series not isolated from rest of series; antennal 

scale with distolateral tooth reaching to or slightly beyond level of distal margin 

of blade 143. P. nilandensis 

10. Eye with cornea more or less produced distally, ogival; basal antennular segment 

armed with 1 distolateral spine 11 

Eye with cornea nearly hemispherical, not ogival; basal antennular segment armed 

with 2 or 3 distolateral spines 12 

11. Rostrum with 1 ventral tooth; telson without discernible spines anterior to posterior 

margin 106. P. amboinensis 

Rostrum unarmed ventrally; telson with 2 pairs of distinct lateral spines anterior to 

posterior margin 114. P. ceratophthalmus 

12. Rostrum with 1-3 ventral teeth; basal antennular segment armed with 2 distolateral 

spines; 2nd pereopod with fingers about as long as palm 

115. P. commensalis 

Rostrum unarmed ventrally; basal antennular segment armed with 3 distolateral 

spines; 2nd pereopod with fingers no more than x li as long as palm 

118. P. cristimanus 

13. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace anterior to level of 

hepatic spine 14 

Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace at or posterior to 

level of hepatic spine 31 

14. Second pereopod with distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 15 

Second pereopod without distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 19


15. Rostrum with 1 or 2 teeth on ventral margin 16 

Rostrum with 3-9 teeth on ventral margin 17 

16. Telson with anterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising anterior to midlength; 2nd 

pereopod with carpus longer than palm, about 9 times as long as distal width 

120. P. digitalis 

Telson with anterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising slightly posterior to 

midlength; 2nd pereopod with carpus x li as long as palm, 1 '/2 times as long as 

distal width 141. P. lutescens 

17. Dorsal rostral series consisting of 9-12 teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus armed 

distally with 1 obscure tooth *155. P. tenuipes 

Dorsal rostral series consisting of 6-8 teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus armed 

distally with 2 teeth 18 

18. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth not overreaching blade . 137. P. kororensis 

Antennal scale with distolateral tooth reaching distinctly beyond truncate distal 

margin of blade 147. P. platycheles 

19. Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate (abnormally so in P. albatrossae) 

20 

Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 27 

20. Telson with more than 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin 

21 

Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin 22 

21. Rostrum overreaching antennal scale; telson with 7 pairs of dorsolateral spines 

anterior to posterior margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl truncate subdistally, propodus 

without spinules on flexor margin . . . *104. P. albatrossae, new species 

Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale; telson with 3-5 pairs of dorsolateral 

spines anterior to posterior margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not truncate 

subdistally, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin .... 105. P. alcocki 

22. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series not distinctly isolated from rest of series; 

orbital angle not ovate 23 

Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series more widely separated from next anterior 

tooth than any other pairs of adjacent teeth of series; orbital angle subovate, with 

or without acute tip 24 

23. Rostrum not slender or rod-like; carapace with hepatic spine located posteroventral 

to antennal spine; 3rd pereopod with accessory tooth on dactyl stouter than distal 

tooth * 131. P. incertus 

Rostrum slender, rod-like; carapace with hepatic spine located directly posterior to 

antennal spine; 3rd pereopod with accessory tooth on dactyl weaker than distal 

tooth 139. P. latipollex 

24. Abdomen without compressed prominence on 3rd somite; antennal scale more than 

3 times as long as wide 25 

Abdomen with low, compressed median prominence on 3rd somite; antennal scale 

less than 3 times as long as wide 26 

25. Second pereopod with carpus nearly or quite twice as long as palm 

132. P. indicus 

Second pereopod with carpus less than x li as long as palm 

*157. P. toloensis 

26. Hepatic spine larger than antennal spine; antennal scale with lateral margin convex 

142. P. magnificus 

Hepatic spine no larger than antenna] spine; antennal scale with lateral margin 

straight 159. P. venustus 

27. Rostrum directed anteroventrad; carapace with hepatic spine larger than antennal 

spine; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl sinuous .... 124. P.foresti


Rostrum directed anteriad or anterodorsad; carapace with hepatic spine not 

noticeably larger than antennal spine; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl 

regularly concave 28 

28. Rostrum of typical palaemonid form, ventral margin armed with 3-5 (very rarely 2) 

teeth 29 

Rostrum slender, ventral margin armed with 0-2 teeth 30 

29. Only 1 tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin; 

eyestalk without dorsal tubercle; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale . . . 

134. P. johnsoni 

Two teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin; 

eyestalk with distinct dorsal tubercle; 1st pereopod not overreaching antennal 

scale 150. P. seychellensis 

30. Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, ventral margin unarmed; carapace with 

hepatic spine located almost directly posterior to antennal spine; 6th abdominal 

somite about twice as long as 5th; antennal scale moderately wide with straight 

lateral margin, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of 

blade; 2nd pereopod with carpus unarmed distally, nearly 3 times as long as palm 

*148. P. psamathe 

Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale, ventral margin bearing 2 teeth; carapace 

with hepatic spine located posteroventral to antennal spine; 6th abdominal somite 

only slightly longer than 5th; antennal scale very narrow with lateral margin 

strongly concave, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching blade; 2nd pereopod 

with carpus armed with 3 distal spines, less than '/2 as long as palm 

151. P. sibogae 

31. Second pereopod with acute distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 32 

Second pereopod without acute distal tooth on flexor margin merus 35 

32. Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 33 

Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 34 

33. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace posterior to orbital 

margin, 1 or 2 teeth on ventral margin of rostrum; carapace with hepatic spine 

located posteroventral to antennal spine; antennal scale with distolateral tooth 

distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd pereopod without spinules on 

flexor margin of propodus 116. P. consobrinus 

All dorsal rostral teeth arising from rostrum, proper, anterior to level of posterior 

orbital margin, 4 or 5 teeth on ventral margin of rostrum; carapace with hepatic 

spine located directly posterior or even posterodorsal to antennal spine; antennal 

scale with distolateral tooth reaching about as far as level of distal margin of blade; 

3rd pereopod with spinules on flexor margin of propodus 

149. P. rectirostris 

34. Rostrum horizontal, rostral formula: 0 + 5-6/1; antennal scale with distolateral 

tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 2nd pereopod with carpus 

armed with 2 distal spines 127. P. gracUis 

Rostrum directed anteroventrad, rostral formula: 0 + 7-10/0-1; antennal scale with 

distolateral tooth reaching nearly or quite to level of distal margin of blade; 2nd 

pereopod with carpus unarmed distally *138. P. lanipes 

35. Epigastric tooth on carapace widely separated from dorsal rostral series .... 36 

Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series not widely separated from rest of series 

37 

36. Rostrum with ventral margin nearly straight, unarmed; carapace with hepatic spine 

located directly posterior or posterodorsal to antennal spine; 1st pereopod not 

reaching level of distal end of antennal scale 126. P. galene 

Rostrum with ventral margin concave, bearing 2 small subapical spines; carapace 

with hepatic spine located posteroventral to antennal spine; 1st pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers 158. P. tosaensis


37. Hepatic spine extending beyond anterior margin of carapace; 3rd pereopod with 

denticulate lobe on flexor margin of dactyl 38 

Hepatic spine not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace; 3rd pereopod 

without denticulate lobe on flexor margin of dactyl 40 

38. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of blade little if at 

all; uropods distinctly overreaching telson 129. P. hertwigi 

Antennal scale with distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; 

uropods overreaching telson little if at all 39 

39. Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of antennal scale, armed ventrally with 1 

tooth; telson with both pairs of lateral spines arising in posterior l /2 of length 

*113. P. calcaratus, new species 

Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, armed ventrally with 3 teeth; telson with 

anterior pair of lateral spines arising in anterior '/2 of length 

*119. P. dentidactylus 

40. Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, accessory tooth sometimes minute (P. 

attenuatus, P. soror) 41 

Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 49 

41. Basal antennular segment armed with 2 or 3 distolateral teeth 42 

Basal antennular segment armed with 1 distolateral tooth 44 

42. Rostrum palaemonoid, with 1 or 2 ventral teeth 146. P. pilipes 

Rostrum not typically palaemonoid, without ventral teeth 43 

43. Rostrum spike-like, armed dorsally with 3 widely spaced teeth, ventral margin 

straight, without keel; 6th abdominal somite more than twice as long as 5th; 

antennal scale about 4 times as long as wide, lateral margin sinuous, distolateral 

tooth nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins 

109. P. attenuatus 

Rostrum compressed, armed dorsally with 10-13 anteriorly crowded teeth, 

ventrally with convex keel; 6th abdominal somite less than twice as long as 5th; 

antennal scale about 2'/3 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, 

distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade, fingers 

pectinate on opposable margins 153. P. soror 

44. Rostrum nearly horizontal, directed anteriad rather than anteroventrad; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers nearly or quite as long as palm 45 

Rostrum directed somewhat anteroventrad; 2nd pereopod with fingers no more than 

2 /3 as long as palm 47 

45. Rostrum with ventral margin concave in anterior x li\ hepatic spine larger than 

antennal spine; abdomen with compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite 

*130. P. holthuisi 

Rostrum with ventral margin convex in anterior l /r, hepatic spine no larger than 

antennal spine; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite 

46 

46. Rostrum armed with 6 dorsal teeth, all situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to 

posterior orbital margin; 2nd pereopod with 1 distal spine on carpus 

110. P. batei 

Rostrum armed with 9 or 10 dorsal teeth, posteriormost situated on carapace 

posterior to orbital margin; 2nd pereopod without distal spine on carpus 

*152. P. sinensis 

47. Integument pitted on lateral areas of carapace and abdomen; rostrum with 3-6 

ventral teeth; hepatic spine larger than antennal spine; extended 2nd pereopod with 

carpus less than twice as long as distal width 125. P.foveolatus 

Integument not pitted; rostrum with 1 or 2 ventral teeth; hepatic spine not noticeably 

larger than antennal spine; extended 2nd pereopod with carpus more than twice as 

long as distal width 48


48. Antennal scale with lateral margin slightly convex; 1st pereopod with fingers not 

pectinate on opposable margins; 3rd pereopod with dactyl nearly straight on flexor 

margin proximal to accessory tooth 117. P. coriolis 

Antennal scale with lateral margin slightly concave; 1st pereopod with fingers 

pectinate on opposable margins; 3rd pereopod with dactyl sinuous on flexor 

margin proximal to accessory tooth 145. P. pectiniferus 

49. Rostrum without ventral keel below midrib; 2nd pereopod with fingers 3 times as 

long as palm 156. P. tenuis 

Rostrum with ventral keel; 2nd pereopod with fingers less than twice as long as 

palm, usually shorter than palm 50 

50. Rostrum with midrib nearly horizontal, directed more anteriad than anteroventrad 

51 

Rostrum with midrib directed somewhat anteroventrad 54 

51. Rostrum with dorsal margin faintly convex, nearly straight 52 

Rostrum with dorsal margin distinctly convex 53 

52. Rostrum with ventral margin nearly straight, subparallel with dorsal margin; 

antennal scale 3 times as long as wide; 4th thoracic sternite without notch in 

anterior margin; 2nd pereopods unequal *103. P. affinis 

Rostrum with ventral margin distinctly convex; antennal scale 2 72 times as long as 

wide; 4th thoracic sternite with median notch in anterior margin; 2nd pereopods 

subequal 144. P. ornatus 

53. First pereopod with fingers pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with 

fingers nearly as long as palm, carpus 1 x li times as long as distal width 

111. P. brevicarpalis 

First pereopod with fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with 

fingers ! /2 as long as palm, carpus 3 times as long as distal width 

136. P. tempi 

54. Rostrum overreaching antennal scale; 3rd pereopod with blunt subdistal projection 

on flexor margin of dactyl 112. P. brockii 

Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale; 3rd pereopod without subdistal projection 

on flexor margin of dactyl 55 

55. Dorsal margin of rostrum distinctly convex; hepatic spine arising directly posterior 

to antennal spine 121. P. diversipes 

Dorsal margin of rostrum faintly convex; hepatic spine arising posteroventral to 

antennal spine 56 

56. All dorsal rostral teeth confined to rostrum, proper, anterior to orbital margin; 

hepatic spine arising only slightly below level of antennal spine; 6th abdominal 

somite 1 x \i times as long as 5th; 1st pereopod with fingers pectinate on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopod with carpus little longer than distal width 

133. P. inornatus 

Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace posterior to orbital 

margin; hepatic spine arising distinctly below level of antennal spine; 6th 

abdominal somite about twice as long as 5th; 1st pereopod with fingers pectinate 

on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with carpus more than 3 times as long as 

distal width 135. P. jugalis 

•103. Periclimenes affinis (Zehntner, 1894) scale, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 0-1 + 6-7/1-2, 

„ ^ . „ L ton.ô, , , » .. , ., • -, 

Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894:208 [type locality: Ambon, Indonesia]. 

posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal 

r , . . .... .. . , ... 

D . .. ,„ .,..„.. „ ... . ,„,„, r _ 

Periclimenes (Harpihus) affinis.—Holthuis, 1958:6, fig. 2. 

rostra series, situated in line with or anterior to level of hepatic 

r 

Periclimenes affinis.-Bruce, i980a:2, figs. 1-3. 

s P ine - carapace without supraorbital spine, hepatic spine not 

noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to 

DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, 

of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal orbital angle ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal

100 

prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite 1 1 /2 times as long as 5th; 

telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior 

margin, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with 

cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle 

with 1 or 2 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal 

scale 3 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, 

distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade; 

4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on 

opposable margins; 2nd pereopods unequal, fingers l /2 as long 

as palm, carpus less than x li as long as palm, about 1 3 A times as 

long as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal 

tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not 

subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, 

simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin somewhat sinuous, 

propodus with few indistinct spinules on flexor margin, not 

segmented; 5th pereopod reaching nearly to distal end of 

antennal scale; uropod barely overreaching extended telson; 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago; 

sta 5147; 5°41'4(TN, 120°47 / 10"E; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 

1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3 ovig 

females [2.0-3.3]. 

RANGE.—Northern South China Sea; Sulu Archipelago, 

Philippines; Ambon, Indonesia; Great Barrier Reef, Australia; 

and New Caledonia; associated with comatulid crinoids. 

•104. Periclimenes albatrossae, new species 

FIGURE 20 

DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas 

of carapace and abdomen; rostrum (Figure 20a) overreaching 

antennal scale, somewhat palaemonoid, directed slightly 

anterodorsad anteriorly, rostral formula 1 + 2 + 7/4-5, 

posteriormost tooth isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral 

series, situated far posterior to hepatic spine; carapace without 

supraorbital spine, hepatic spine much larger than antennal 

spine, arising only slightly posteroventral to latter, not 

extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle 

ovate; abdomen (Figure 20c) without compressed dorsal 

prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite more than 1 '/2 times as 

long as 5th; telson (Figure 20d) with 7 pairs of small lateral 

spines; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally, 

no wider than eyestalk, and lightly pigmented, antennular 

peduncle (Figure 20g) with 1 distolateral spine on basal 

segment; antennal scale (Figure 20/) about 2'/3 times as long as 

wide, lateral margin convex proximally, distolateral tooth not 

reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite 

without slender median process; 1st pereopod (Figure 20p,q) 

overreaching antennal scale by about length of chela, fingers 

not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods (Figure 


20r,s) subequal (left slightly longer than right because of 

proportionately longer carpus), overreaching antennal scale by 

length of chela, fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as 

long as palm, about 1 4 A times as long as distal width, without 

distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 

pereopod (Figure 20/,M) with dactyl subdistally truncate, 

without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, obscurely biunguiculate, 

flexor margin straight, convex distally, propodus without 

spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod (Figure 20d) 

reaching little, if at all, beyond extended telson; postorbital 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. South China Sea off western 

Luzon; sta 5440; 16°33'52"N, 119°52'54"E; 315 m; fine gray 

sand, globigerina; 11.8°C; 10 May 1909 (1401-1421); 12' 

Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag; 1 ovig female holotype (10.9]. 

USNM 252658. 


RANGE.—Known only from the unique ovigcrous female 

holotype from off western Luzon, Philippines; 315 meters. 

REMARKS.—There is strong superficial similarity between 

P. albatrossae and P. alcocki. These two species are 

distinguished from all other members of the Pontoniinac by 

having four or more pairs of dorsolateral spines on the telson. 

Periclimenes albatrossae apparently differs in the slightly 

longer and more nearly horizontal rostrum; more prominent 

and subspatulate ventral orbital angle; seven rather than four or 

five pairs of dorsolateral spines and subcordiform intermediate 

posterior spines on the telson; three rather than four teeth on the 

incisor process of the mandible; the second percopods neither 

tuberculate nor setose and the movable finger not markedly 

spatuiate; and, especially, in the apparently unique form of the 

dactyls of the posterior pereopods, which superficially resemble 

those of P. hertwigi more closely than those of P. alcocki, 

as illustrated by Kubo (1940b, fig. 2n), and in the absence of 

spinules on the flexor margin of the propodus of those 

pereopods. 

There is a temptation to assign more than specific importance 

to the two species of Periclimenes (P. albatrossae and P. 

alcocki) that have more than the usual pontoniine complement 

of two pairs of dorsolateral spines on the telson. That single 

character may be no more important, however, than the striking 

difference in the form of the dactyl of the posterior pereopods 

of those two species. 

ETYMOLOGY.—Periclimenes albatrossae is named for the 

U.S. Fisheries Steamer Albatross to honor the men who served 

on that vessel from 1882 to 1920. We like to believe that the 

diligence and expertise still reflected in the specimens gathered 

in remote areas by those professional collectors are widely 

recognized for the major contribution that they represent to our 

knowledge of what Howard Evans so appropriately referred to 

as "Life on a Little-known Planet."


FIGURE 20.—Peridimenes albalrossae, new species, ovigerous female holotype from Albatross sta 5440 (South 

China Sea off western Luzon), carapace length 10.9 mm: a. carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b, 

rostrum, lateral aspect: c, abdomen, lateral aspect: d. tail fan; e, distoiateral angle of lateral branch of uropod:/, 

posterior end of telson; g, right antennule, dorsal aspect; h. left antennule, flagella; i, right antenna, ventral aspect: 

j, right mandible: k. right 1st maxilla; /, right 2nd maxilla; m. right 1st maxilliped; n. right 2nd maxilliped; o, right 

3rd maxilliped; p. right 1st pereopod; q, same, chela: r. right 2nd pereopod; 5. same, fingers; /, left 3rd pereopod; 

it. same, dactyl; v, right 4th pereopod; w. same, dactyl.

102 

105. Periclimenes alcocki Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) alcocki Kemp, 1922:154, figs. 21-24 [type 

locality: Laccadive Sea; 9°34'57"N. 75°36'30"E; 743 m].—Kubo, 1940b:33, 

figs. 1, 2. 

Periclimenes alcocki.—Bruce, 1981c: 190, figs. 1.2; 1985b:231, fig. 1. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal 

scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly anteroventrad except near 

tip, rostral formula 2 + 6-8/2-4, posteriormost tooth somewhat 

isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated 

posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital 

or post-orbital spine, hepatic spine larger than antennal 

spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond 

anterior margin of carapace; orbital angle ovate; abdomen 

without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th 

somite about 1 x li times as long as 5th; telson with 3-5 pairs of 

lateral spines; eye with cornea small, hemispherical, not 

produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine 

on basal segment; antennal scale little more than twice as long 

as wide, lateral margin convex, distolateral tooth not reaching 

level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite without 

slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal 

scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd 

pereopods unequal, with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus 'A 

as long as palm, barely longer than distal width, without distal 

spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate 

lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor margin 

slightly concave, propodus with very few spinules at distal end 

of flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching 

antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; 


RANGE.—Madagascar, Laccadive Sea, Japan, Philippines, 

and Australia; 190-743 meters. 

106. Periclimenes amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 

Anchistia amboinensis De Man, 1888b:546, pi. 22a: fig. 2 [type locality: 

Ambon, Indonesia]. 

Periclimenes amboinensis.—Bruce, 1983c:874, 898, 899, figs. 1-3, 7E. 



scale, directed somewhat anteroventrad, rostral formula 0 + 6/1, 


rostral series, situated distinctly anterior to posterior orbital 

margin, lateral carina expanded posteriorly into supraorbital 

eave and spine; carapace with supraorbital tooth, hepatic spine 

not much larger than antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral 

to latter, extending nearly to anterior margin of 

carapace, orbital angle acute, not ovate; telson without 

dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin; eye with 

cornea angularly produced distally, not hemispherical; antennular 

peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; 

antennal scale with lateral margin faintly convex, distolateral 


tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 

stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by about length of chela; 2nd 

pereopods unequal, fingers about 2 h as long as palm, carpus 

much less than '/2 as long as palm, little longer than distal 

width, without distal spines, merus with stout tooth directed 

distally from flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not 


obscurely biunguiculate, flexor margin sinuous, propodus with 

indistinct spinules near distal end of flexor margin, not 

segmented; uropod barely overreaching extended telson; 

maximum carapace length about 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Indonesia and Great Barrier Reef of Australia; 

associated with comatulid crinoids. Devaney and Bruce (1987: 

222, 230) tentatively recorded the species from Enewetak 

Atoll, Marshall Islands. 

REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under P. ceratophthalmus. 

•107. Periclimenes amymone De Man, 1902 

Periclimenes amymone De Man. 1902:829, pi. 25: fig. 53 [type locality: 

Tfernate, Indonesia].—Bruce. 1981f:262, fig. IE-1 I983c:875. fig. 7C. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) amymone.—Holthuis. 1952c:82, fig. 32. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale 

or not, palaemonoid, directed anterodorsal in anterior '/2, 

rostral formula 1 + 5-7/2-4, posteriormost tooth isolated from 

remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of 

hepatic spine; carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine 

not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising slightly 

posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin 

of carapace, orbital angle rounded, not ovate; abdomen without 

compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite l 2 /5 

times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines 

anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to 

mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced 

distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal 

segment; antennal scale nearly 4 times as long as wide, lateral 

margin concave, distolateral tooth far overreaching distal 

margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite with slender median 

process; 1 st pereopod slightly overreaching antennal scale, 2nd 

pereopod with fingers fully '/2 as long as palm, carpus fully x h 

as long as palm, nearly 2'/2 times as long as distal width, with 

3 distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 


lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor 

margin sinuous, propodus with single spinule at distal end of 

flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching 

antennal scale; uropod reaching about to posterior margin of 

extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about 

3 l /2 mm. 


Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'/4-2'/2 m; scattered 

coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads


taken ashore: 1 male [3.0] 1 ovig female [3.5]. 

RANGE.—Nicobar Islands, Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, 

Australia, New Caledonia, Soloman and Samoa; usually 

associated with scleractinian corals. 

108. Periclimenes andamanensis Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) andamanensis Kemp, 1922:204, figs. 54-57 [type 

locality: Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 meters]. 

Periclimenes andamanensis.—Brace, 1977j:269. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching level of distal end 

of antennal scale or beyond, slenderly palaemonoid, directed 

slightly anterodorsad in anterior '/2, rostral formula 1 + 

6-8/2-4, posteriormost tooth somewhat isolated from remainder 

of dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic 

spine; carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger 

than antennal spine, arising almost directly posterior to latter, 

not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle 

rounded, not ovate; abdomen with 6th somite about 1 3 A times 

as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior 

to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length; 

eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular 


antennal scale 5-5'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin 

slightly concave, distolateral tooth far overreaching distal 

margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite with slender median 

process; 1st pereopod far overreaching antennal scale; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers '/2- 3 /4 as long as palm, carpus 4 /5-l'/5 

times as long as palm, 6-7'/2 times as long as distal width, with 

1 or 2 distal spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 

3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without 

denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, 

flexor margin regularly concave, propodus with spinules on 

flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod reaching about to 

distal end of antennal scale or beyond; maximum postorbital 


RANGE.—Madagascar, Andaman Islands, Ryukyu Islands, 

and Queensland, Australia; the only Indonesian record is based 

on a specimen identified by J. Roux and reported by 

Dammerman (1929:117 and 1948:511, fig. 43) from a brackish 

pool on Pulau Sertung in Selat Sunda. 

109. Periclimenes attenuates Bruce, 1971 

Periclimenes attenuatus Bruce, 1971d:533, figs. 1-5 [type locality: Waterhouse 

Cove, Burukuk, Duke of York Group, St. George's Channel, Bismarck 

Archipelago; 4°7.3'S, 152°27.3'E; associated with crinoids in 1-2 m]; 

1983c:879. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum short, not overreaching 

anteriorly extended eyes, slender, directed slightly anteroventrad, 

rostral formula 0 + 3/0, teeth subequally spaced; carapace 

without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine smaller 

than antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral to latter, not 

extending to anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle 

subovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 

3rd somite, 6th somite nearly 2'/3 times as long as 5th; telson 

with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines, anterior pair arising at about 

mid-length; eye large, cornea hemispherical, not produced 

distally; antennular peduncle with 1 or 2 distal spines mesial to 

usual distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale 4 

times as long as wide, lateral margin sinuous, distolateral tooth 

not quite reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 


antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not pectinate 

on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods unequal and dissimilar, 

major one with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus '/3 as long as 

palm, about 1 '/2 times as long as distal width, without distal 


pereopod with dactyl lacking denticulate lobe on flexor margin, 

minutely biunguiculate distally, flexor margin nearly straight, 

propodus without spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 

5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching 

extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length 2 mm. 

RANGE.—Seram, Indonesia; Bismarck Archipelago; and 

Great Barrier Reef, Australia; associated with comatulid 

crinoids. 

110. Periclimenes batei (Borradaile, 1917) 

Palaemonella orientalis Bate, 1888:787, pi. 128: fig. 4 [not Palaemonella 

orienlalis Dana, 1852]. 

Palaemonella batei Borradaile, 1917:357,358 [type locality: off Sibago Island, 

Sulu Archipelago, Philippines; 6°47TM, 122°28'E]. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) batei.—Holthuis, 1959:195, fig. 1. 

Periclimenes batei.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:98. 



scale, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 6/1, posteriormost 

tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series; 

carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic 

spine no larger than antennal spine, not extending beyond 

anterior margin of carapace; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about twice as 

long as 5th; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced 


segment; antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide, lateral 

margin faintly concave, distolateral tooth not overreaching 

distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal 


pereopod with fingers about 4 /5 as long as palm, subequal to 

carpus in length, latter about 3'/2 times as long as distal width, 

with 1 distal tooth, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 


denticulate lobe on flexor margin, sharply biunguiculate, flexor 

margin straight proximally, concave distally; uropod probably 

overreaching extended telson; postorbital carapace length 

about 1 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in the Sulu

104 

Archipelago, Philippines, in 47 m. 

REMARKS.—The probability that the unique holotype of P. 

batei is a juvenile suggests that the adult characters of the 

species and, therefore, its relationship with other members of 

the genus may remain uncertain for an unpredictable period. 

111. Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902) 

Palaemonella amboinensis Zehntner, 1894:206, pi. 9: fig. 27 [type locality: 

Ambon, Indonesia; not Periclimenes amboinensis De Man, 1888]. 

Ancylocaris brevicarpalis Schenkel, 1902:563, pi. 13: fig. 21 [type locality: 

Makasar. Celebes]. 

Palaemonella aberrans Nobili, 1904:233 [type locality: Djibouti]. 

Harpilius latirostris Lenz, 1905:380, pi. 47: fig. 14 [type locality: Mkokotoni 

and Bawi, Zanzibar]. 

Periclimenes potina Nobili, 1905b: 159 [type locality: southeast coast of 

Arabia]. 

Periclimenes hermitensis Rathbun, 1914:655, pi. 1: figs. 1-3 [type locality: 

Hermite, Monte Bello Islands, Western Australia]. 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) brevicarpalis.—Kemp, 1922:185, figs. 40-42, pi. 

6: fig. 8. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) brevicarpalis.—Holthuis, 1952c:69, fig. 27. 

Periclimenes brevicarpalis.—Bruce, 1983c:879, fig. 7D,E. 



scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 1 + 

4-7/1-2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of 

dorsal rostral series; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital 

spine, hepatic spine no larger than antennal spine, arising 


of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without 

compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 

1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of inconspicuous 

dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, both pairs 

arising in posterior x li of length; eye with cornea hemispherical, 

not produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral 

spine on basal segment; antennal scale slightly less than 2'/2 

times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral 

tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th 

thoracic stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopods similar, subequal, fingers slightly 

shorter than palm, carpus about '/2 as long as palm, about 1 '/2 

times as long as distal width, without distal spines, merus 

without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl 

not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor 

margin, usually simple, rarely biunguiculate, flexor margin 

slightly sinuous, propodus without spinules or with single 

distal pair on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not 

reaching distal end of antennal scale; uropod overreaching 


8'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea, eastern and South Africa, Ryukyu 

Islands and Honshu, Japan, south to Capricorn Islands, Great 

Barrier Reef, Australia, and east to Line Islands; associated 

with sea anemones. 

REMARKS.—Bruce (1983c:880) suggested that more than 


one species may be represented by the name P. brevicarpalis 

and that one or more of the five names generally synonymized 

with Schenkel's name may have to be resurrected. 

112. Periclimenes brockii (De Man, 1888) 

Anchistia Brockii De Man, 1888b:548, pi. 22a: fig. 3 [type locality: Ambon, 

Indonesia]. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) brocki.—Holthuis, 1952c:88. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale, 

modified palaemonoid, directed somewhat anteroventrad, 

rostral formula 0 + 9-10/1, posteriormost tooth not isolated 

from remainder of dorsal rostral series; carapace without 

supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger than 

antennal spine, arising short distance posteroventral to latter, 


subacute, not ovate; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines 

anterior to posterior margin; eye with cornea hemispherical, not 


on basal segment; antennal scale with lateral margin nearly 

straight, distolateral tooth reaching about to level of distal 

margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median 

process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale, fingers not 

pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers '/2 

as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long as palm, about as long 

as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth 

on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl obscurely truncate 

subdistally, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, 

not biunguiculate, flexor margin nearly straight, propodus 

without spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod 

overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace 

length about 2'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality: Ambon, 

Indonesia, to a depth of 78 m, from which depth in the Maldive 

Islands, it was reported by Borradaile (1917:363) to be 

associated with an echinoid. 

•113. Periclimenes calcaratus, new species 

FIGURE 21 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum (Figure 21a) not overreaching 

antennal scale, slender, directed slightly anteroventrad from 

horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 5/1, posteriormost tooth not 

isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series; carapace 

without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger 

than antennal spine, arising immediately posteroventral to 

latter, extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital 

angle slightly subovate; abdomen (Figure 21c) without 


l'/3 times as long as 5th; telson (Figure 2ld) with 2 pairs of 

lateral spines anterior to posterior margin, both pairs arising in 

posterior '/2 of length; eye with comea hemispherical, not 

produced distally; antennular peduncle (Figure 21e) with 1


FIGURE 21.—Peridimenes calcaratus, new species, male holotype from Albatross sta 5453 (Albay Gulf), 

carapace length 4.2 mm: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect; b. anterior carapace, dorsal aspect; 

c, abdomen, lateral aspect; d, tail fan; e. right antennule, dorsal aspect; /, right antenna, ventral aspect; g, right 

mandible; h, right 1st maxilla; i, right 2nd maxilla; j, right 1st maxilliped; k, right 2nd maxilliped; /, right 3rd 

maxilliped; m, right 1st pereopod; n, left 2nd pereopod; o, same, fingers; p. right 3rd pereopod; q, same, dactyl; 

r, same, distal portion; s. 5th pereopod; t, same, distal portion of dactyl; u, right 5th pereopod; v. same, distal 

portion of dactyl; H\ right 1 st pleopod; x, same, endopod; v, right 2nd pleopod; z, same, appendix masculina and 

appendix interna.

106 

distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale (Figure 2 If) 

nearly 2 2 /3 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, 

distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; 

1st pereopod (Figure 2lm) overreaching antennal scale by 

length of chela and about '/3 of carpus, fingers not pectinate on 

opposable margins; 2nd pereopod (Figure 2\n) overreaching 

antennal scale by length of chela and about '/2 of carpus, fingers 

(Figure 21 o) about 3 /5 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long 

as palm, about 1 Vs times as long as distal width, without distal 


pereopod (Figure 21p) overreaching antennal scale by length of 

dactyl and about 4 /5 of propodus, dactyl (Figure 21r) clearly 

truncate subdistally, with denticulate lobe on flexor margin, not 

conventionally biunguiculate, flexor margin slightly convex, 

propodus with few small, indistinct spinules on flexor margin, 

not segmented; 5th pereopod (Figure 21K) overreaching 

antennal scale by length of dactyl and about */4 of propodus; 

uropod not overreaching extended telson (Figure 2\d); postorbital 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Albay Gulf, east of southern 

Luzon: sta 5453; 13°12'N, 123°49'18"E; [267 m]; 7 Jun 1909 

(0944-1004); 12' Agassiz beam trawl: 1 male holotype [4.2], 

USNM 252659. 


RANGE.—Known only from the unique male holotype from 

Albay Gulf, Philippines, [267 meters]. 

REMARKS.—The specimen on which this species is based 

was originally identified as P. hertwigi. It may still prove to fall 

within the range of variation of that species, but it fails to agree 

exactly with the descriptions of Balss (1914b:49, figs. 28-30) 

and Holthuis (1952c:43, figs. 11, 12) and the description of P. 

gracilirostris by Kubo (1940b:41, figs. 8-10). The rostrum 

bears only five dorsal and one ventral teeth, and none of the 

dorsal teeth is situated on the carapace posterior to the orbital 

margin; to be sure, this dentition agrees with Balss's 

description, but his illustrations show six dorsal and two ventral 

teeth, as in the females described by Kubo and Holthuis. (Is it 

possible that this is a sexual character and that Balss described 

the condition in the only male of the five specimens of P. 

hertwigi recorded thus far?) The sixth abdominal somite is 

considerably less than one and one-half times as long as the 

fifth, whereas it is described by Holthuis as "slightly less than 

twice as long as the fifth" and illustrated by Kubo as about 

twice as long. The distal margin of the distolateral lobe mesial 

to the distolateral spine of the basal antennular segment is 

transverse, rather than sloping posteromesially (see illustrations 

of Balss and Kubo). The antennal scale has the distolateral 

spine reaching far beyond the distal margin of the blade, rather 

than reaching "to or slightly beyond the lamella," as described 

by Holthuis and figured by Balss. The second pereopod has a 

socket surrounding a peg-like tooth at the base of the fixed 

finger, rather than two teeth in this position as described by 

both Holthuis and Kubo. The dentition near the distal end of the 

flexor margin of the dactyl of the three posterior pairs of 


pereopods seems to be more complex than the "shallow lobes" 

mentioned and illustrated by Holthuis, but the exact form of 

this margin is difficult to determine, even at high magnification, 

as noted by Holthuis. Perhaps of major significance is the 

fact that the uropods fall distinctly short of the posterior end of 

the telson, whereas they are described as overreaching the 

telson in all three of the descriptions of P. hertwigi. 

Unfortunately, the sternum of the unique specimen of this 

species was destroyed by dissection, thereby denying determination 

of the armature of the fourth sternite. 

A male specimen reported from New Caledonia (Bruce, 

1990a:151, fig. 2b) has a rostral dentition of 4/1 and closely 

resembles the present specimen of P. calcaratus, but the 

associated female has a dentition of 5/1, with minute 

subterminal denticles both dorsally and ventrally. Details of the 

ambulatory dactyls were not noted. It is possible that these 

specimens may also belong to P. calcaratus. 

ETYMOLOGY.—The name is from the Latin calcar (spur) and 

was suggested by the peculiar dentition on the dactyls of the 

third and fourth pereopods. 

114. Periclimenes ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Corniger) ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality: 

Hulule, Mate Atoll. Maldive Islands; on crinoid]; 1917:324. 365, pi. 54: 

fig. 9. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) ceratophthalmus.—Holthuis, 1952c:56, fig. 20. 

Periclimenes ceratophthalmus.—Bruce, 1983c:880, figs. 4A-D, 5, 6A-C, 7F. 



scale, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 4/0, posteriormost tooth 

not isolated from remainder of rostral series, situated slightly 

posterior to mid-length of rostrum, proper, lateral carina 

expanded posteriorly into dentate supraorbital eave; carapace 

with supraorbital tooth, hepatic spine not much larger than 

antennal spine, arising almost directly posterior to latter, orbital 

angle convex, not ovate; eye with cornea distinctly ogival, 

antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; 

antennal scale with distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal 

margin of blade (overreaching blade in Borradaile's illustration); 


pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers about 2 /3 length of palm, carpus and 

merus unarmed; uropod considerably overreaching extended 

telson; carapace length little more than 3 mm. 

RANGE.—See "Remarks." 

REMARKS.—As noted by Bruce (1983c:880), material that 

has been assigned to this species displays unusual variation in 

the form of the rostrum, the distolateral spines on the telson, the 

presence or absence of epistomal "horns," the degree of corneal 

extension of the eyes, the form of the incisor process of the 

mandible, and the range in form of the dactyl of the posterior 

pereopods from simple to strongly biunguiculate. It is very 

possible that P. ceratophthalmus consists of at least two 

species, possibly associated with different crinoid host genera.


However, the recent revision of crinoid host generic and 

specific names has complicated the problem. Borradaile's 

inadequate description and crude illustrations of the shrimp 

have not been helpful, nor has the examination of his type 

material. 

RANGE.—Kenya, Zanzibar, Seychelle and Maldive islands, 

Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Solomon and 

Caroline islands. 

115. Periclimenes commensalis Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality: 

Murray Island, Torres Strait; on comatulid crinoids]. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) commensalis.—Holthuis, 1952c:53, figs. 18, 19. 

Periclimenes commensalis Bruce, 1983c:883, fig. 4E. 



scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly anteroventrad, rostral 

formula 0 + 5-7/1-2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from 

remainder of dorsal rostral series; carapace with supraorbital 

spine, usually arising from supraorbital eave, hepatic spine 

slightly larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to 

latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, 

orbital angle subovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal 

prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite nearly 1 '/2 times as long 

as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of minute dorsolateral spines, both 

pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea 

hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with 

2 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal scale fully 3 


tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th 

thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by about length of fingers, latter 

not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers 

about as long as palm, finely serrate on distal parts of opposable 

margins, carpus fully '/3 as long as palm, about as long as distal 

width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on 

flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally 

truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, 

flexor margin somewhat sinuous, propodus with few 

spines on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not 

overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended 

telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Ryukyu Islands, Hong 

Kong, Indonesia, Australia, New Caledonia, and Caroline, 

Marshall, Solomon, and Fiji islands; associated with comatulid 

crinoids. 

116. Periclimenes consobrinus (De Man, 1902) 

Harpilius consobrinus De Man, 1902:836, pi. 26: fig. 54 [type locality: Tfernate, 

Indonesia]. 

Periclimenes consobrinus.—Bruce, 1972f:411, fig. IB [left drawing]; 

1975f:27, fig. 16 [color].—Holthuis, 1981:796, fig. 3i-l. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum barely overreaching 

antennal scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, slightly sinuous, 

rostral formula I + 6-7/1-2, posteriormost tooth not 

isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated in line 

with or anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without 

supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably 

larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not 


bluntly acute, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal 

prominence on 3rd somite; telson with 2 pairs of distolateral 

spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at or 

slightly posterior to mid-length, eye with cornea hemispherical, 


spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 3'/3 times as long 

as wide, lateral margin somewhat sinuous, distolateral tooth 

distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 

sternite with slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by nearly length of chela, fingers not 

pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers 

fully 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus less than '/2 as long as palm, 

about 1 '/3 times as long as distal width, without distal spines, 

merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with 

dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on 

flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin 

sinuous, deeply concave in distal 3 /

108 


somite about \ 2 h times as long as 5th; telson with 2 


arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea hemispherical, 


spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 2 l /2 times as long 

as wide, lateral margin slightly convex, distolateral tooth not 

nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 

sternite unarmed; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by 

length of chela and part of carpus, fingers not pectinate on 

opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers fully 2 /3 as long 

as palm, carpus about '/2 as long as palm, about 2'/2 times as 


tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not exactly 


biunguiculate, flexor margin sinuous, propodus with few 

spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale; uropods slightly overrreaching 

extended telson; postorbital carapace length 5.2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the unique female holotype 

found in 185 meters southwest of Manila Bay, Philippines. 

118. Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965 

Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965:487, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Pulau 

Sudong, near Pulau Salu, Singapore; 1°I2.7X 103°43.65'E; associated with 

echinoid]; 1982e:243, fig. 6. 



scale, lanceolate, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 4-5/0, 

posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of rostral 

series, situated considerably anterior to level of posterior 

orbital margin, lateral carina expanded posteriorly into supraorbital 

eave and spine; carapace with supraorbital tooth, hepatic 

spine stronger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to 


orbital angle not produced; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral 

spines, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with 

cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle with 2 or 

3 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal scale about 3 

times as long as wide, lateral margin straight, distolateral tooth 

not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 


fingers not pectinate on opposable margins, strongly carinate 

on extensor margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers 2 /s as long as 

palm, carpus about 2 /s as long as palm, about as wide as long, 

without distal spines, merus with lobe but no distal tooth on 



flexor margin obscurely sinuous, propodus with spinules 

on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching extended 

telson; maximum postorbital carapace length 3 mm. 

RANGE.—Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Great Barrier 

Reef of Australia, and Marshall Islands; associated with 

echinoids. 


•119. Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984 

FIGURE 22 

Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984a:7, figs. 1-6 [type locality: Makassar 

Strait southwest of Tandjung Mangkalihat, Borneo; 0°31.4'N, 117°5O.1'E; 

592-595 meters]. 



slenderly palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, dorsally slightly 

concave, rostral formula 1 + 6/3, posteriormost tooth not 

isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated in line 

with or anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without 

supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger than 

antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, extending 

distinctly beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle 

subacutely produced, not ovate; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 3 /5 times as 

long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to 

posterior margin, anterior pair arising in anterior '/2 of length; 


peduncle with 1 strong distolateral spine on basal segment; 

antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide, lateral margin 

straight, distolateral tooth overreaching blade; 4th thoracic 


antennal scale by length of chela, fingers not pectinate 

on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers '/2- 3 /4 as 

long as palm, carpus x h- 2 h as long as palm, about 1 '/3 times as 


tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl subdistally 

truncate, with denticulate lobe on flexor margin, complexly 

biunguiculate, flexor margin nearly straight, propodus with few 

small spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale; uropod reaching to about level of 

end of extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length 

8 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Iligan Bay, northern Mindanao: 

sta 5515; 8°34'48"N, 124°01'24"E; about 1280 m (no 

sounding); 8 Aug 1909 (1042-1110); 12' Tanner beam trawl: 

1 ovig female [8.1]. 

RANGE.—Philippines and Indonesia; 592 to about 1280 m. 

REMARKS.—The Albatross specimen of P. dentidactylus 

belonged to an undescribed species when it was first examined. 

The illustrations prepared at that time are reproduced here, not 

so much to show differences between this ovigerous female and 

the male holotype as to emphasize the similarities between the 

type specimen and one of the opposite sex taken at possibly 

more than twice the depth and more than 1000 km to the north. 

120. Periclimenes digitalis Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) digitalis Kemp, 1922:224, fig. 65, pi. 8: fig. 12 

[type locality: off "Viper Island," Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 5'/2-9 

meters]. 

Periclimenes digitalis.—Bruce, 1982e:240, figs. 4, 5. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum typically slightly overreach-


FIGURE 22.—Periclimenes dentidactylus, ovigerous female from Albatross sta 5515 (Iligan Bay), carapace length 

8.1 mm: a, entire shrimp in lateral view; b. anterior carapace, lateral aspect; c, same, dorsal aspect; d. sternum and 

bases of pereopods; e, tail fan;/, right antennule, dorsal aspect; g, right antenna, ventral aspect; h, right mandible; 

i, right 1st maxilla; j. right 2nd maxilla; k, right 1st maxilliped; /, right 2nd maxilliped; m, right 3rd maxilliped; 

n, right 1st pereopod; o, same, chela; p, right 2nd pereopod; q, same, fingers; r, right 3rd pereopod; s, same, dactyl; 

t, same, distal portion; u, right 4th pereopod; v, same, dactyl; w, same, distal portion; x, left 5th pereopod; y, same, 

dactyl, z, same, distal portion. T 

109

110 

ing antennal scale, sometimes shorter, palaemonoid, dorsally 

horizontal, rostral formula 2 + 6-9/1-2, posteriormost tooth 

slightly isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, 

situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace with or 

without tubercular vestige of supraorbital spine, hepatic spine 

not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral 

to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, 

orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal 

prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 x li times as long 

as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to 

posterior margin, anterior pair arising in anterior l /2 of length; 

eye with cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle 

with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale fully 

3 times as long as wide, lateral margin straight or faintly 

concave, distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of blade; 

4th thoracic stemite without slender median process; 1st 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of chela and 

fully '/2 of carpus, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 

2nd pereopod with fingers 2 /3- 3 A as long as palm, carpus 

slightly longer than palm, nearly 9 times as long as distal width, 

without distal spines, merus with small, acute distal tooth on 

flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl long and slender, not 


simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin regularly concave, 

propodus without spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 

5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl 

and more than '/2 of propodus; maximum postorbital carapace 

length fully 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar ? (Bruce, 1982e:243); Andaman Islands, 

Hong Kong?, and Flores Sea, Indonesia. 

REMARKS.—The systematic status of this apparently uncommon 

species is uncertain because of the presence of a 

two-segmented mandibular palp in the specimens recorded by 

Bruce (1982e:243) from Zanzibar and Hong Kong. 

121. Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) diversipes Kemp, 1922:179, figs. 36-39 [part; type 

locality: Kilakarai, Gulf of Mannar, southern India; low tide, among corals of 

genus Montipora). 

Periclimenes diversipes.—Bruce, 1979f:221. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not reaching level of distal 

end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly anteroventrad, 

except more anteriad apically, rostral formula 1 + 

4-6/0-2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of 

dorsal rostral series, situated slightly anterior to level of hepatic 

spine; carapace without supraorbital spine, hepatic spine no 

larger than antennal spine, arising directly posterior to latter, 


bluntly triangular, not ovate; abdomen with 6th somite about 

1 3 A times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral 

spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising slightly 

posterior to mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not 



on basal segment; antennal scale 2'/2-2 3 /4 times as long as 

wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not nearly 

reaching level of distal margin of blade: 4th thoracic sternite 

without slender median process; 1st pereopod reaching about to 

level of distal end of antennal scale, fingers minutely pectinate, 

visible only under high magnification; 2nd pereopods markedly 

unequal, dissimilar, fingers varying from '/2 to more than 

twice as long as palm, major chela with fixed finger distally 

bidentate, carpus from less than '/•» as long to longer than palm, 

from little longer than wide to more than 2 1 /? times as long, 

unarmed, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 



margin concave, propodus without distinct spines on flexor 

margin, not segmented; maximum postorbital carapace length 

less than 2'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and Madagascar to Singapore and Gulf of 

Thailand, to Great Barrier Reef of Australia and Coral Sea; 

associated wiith scleractinian corals. 

*122. Periclimenes elegans (Paulson, 1875) 

AnchlistiaJ elegans Paulson. 1875:113, pi. 17: fig. I (type locality: Red Sea]. 

Periclimenes (Falciger) dubius Borradaile. 1915:211 [type locality: Minicoy. 

Laccadive Islands). 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) elegans. ~ Kemp. 1922:215. figs. 60-62. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) elegans.—Holthuis, 1952c:81. fig. 31. 

Periclimenes elegans.—Bruce, 1983c:884. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching to or beyond level 

of distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly 

anterodorsad anteriorly, rostral formula 1-2 + 5-6/3-6, 

posteriormost tooth somewhat isolated from remainder of 

dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; 

carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably 

larger than antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral to 


orbital angle convex, not ovate; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 1 /2 times as 


posterior margin, anterior pair arising on anterior '/2 of length; 



antennal scale 4'/2-5'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin 

concave, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin 

of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median process; 

1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by about '/2 length of 

chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers 2 /5-'/2 as long as palm, carpus subequal 

to palm in length, 4-4'/2 times as long as distal width, with 2 

distal spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 



margin slightly concave, propodus with spinules on flexor


margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not nearly reaching distal 

end of antennal scale; uropod not reaching level of distal end of 

extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length more 

than 4 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago: 

sta 5141; 6°09'N, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb 

1908 (0847-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3 males 

[2.8-4.1] 9 females [2.7-4.0].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: 


Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3 

ovig females [2.0-3.3]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and western Indian Ocean to Hong Kong, 

Philippines, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Marshall 

Islands. 

REMARKS.—Until the limits of variation of P. ensifrons are 

better known, the possibility that P. elegans is a junior 

synonym of that species, perhaps with regenerated second 

pereopods, must be considered (See Bruce, 1971:6 and 

1984b: 145). 

123. Periclimenes ensifrons (Dana, 1852) 

Anchistia ensifrons Dana, I852a:25 [type locality: Balabac Strait. North 

Borneo]; 1855. pi. 38: fig. la-g. 

Periclimenes ensifrons.—Bruce, I971f:5; 1984b: 145.—Devaney and Bruce, 

1987:230. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching about to level of 

distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, curving anterodorsad, 

rostral formula 1-2 + 5-6/2-3, posteriormost tooth not 

much isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated 

about in line with hepatic spine; carapace with supraorbital 

spine, hepatic smaller than antennal spine, arising almost 

directly posterior to latter, not extending beyond anterior 

margin of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without 

compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite not 

much longer than 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines 

anterior to posterior margin, posterior pair arising only slightly 

posterior to midlength; eye with cornea hemispherical, not 


on basal segment; antennal scale fully 5'/2 times as long as 

wide, lateral margin concave, distolateral tooth extending far 

beyond distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite probably 

with slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale; 2nd pereopod with fingers about 3 A as long as 

palm, carpus nearly as long as palm, nearly 5 times as long as 

distal width, without distal spines, merus with small distal tooth 

on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally 

truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not 

biunguiculate, flexor margin regularly concave, propodus with 

spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod 

reaching about to distal end of antennal scale; uropod 



RANGE.—Red Sea, Comoro Islands and Aldabra, western 

Indian Ocean; off northern Burma; Marshall Islands; possibly 

Tuamotu Archipelago. 

REMARKS.—The limits of variability and, therefore, the 

synonymy of P. ensifrons may require the study of more 

extensive collections. 

124. Periclimenes foresti Bruce, 1981 

Periclimenes foresti Bruce, 1981c:20l, figs. 10, 11, 17c [type locality: 

southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines; 14°00.0'N, 120°18.0^— 

14°01.7'N, 120°20.2'E; 189-209 meters]; 1985b:232, figs. 2, 3. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum rather slender, directed 

anteroventrad, rostral formula 1-2 + 6-8/1-2, posteriormost 

tooth distinctly isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, 

situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without 

supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger than 

antennal spine, arising nearly in horizontal line with latter, not 


triangularly produced but not ovate; eye with comea small, 

hemispherical, not produced distally, antennular peduncle with 

1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 2'/2 

times as long as wide, lateral margin convex at least 

proximally, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal 


process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of 

chela; fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd 

pereopods distinctly unequal, fingers nearly 2 /3 as long as palm, 

carpus about 'A as long as palm, little longer than distal width, 

without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor 

margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl rather abruptly constricted 

but not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor 

margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin slightly 

sinuous, propodus with few indistinct spinules on flexor 

margin, not segmented; maximum postorbital carapace length 

12 mm. 

RANGE.—Both recorded specimens of P. foresti were 

collected from the same general area southwest of Manila Bay, 

Philippines, in 136-209 m. 

125. Periclimenes foveolatus Bruce, 1981 

Periclimenes foveolatus Bruce, 1981c:196, figs. 6-9, 17a,b, 18b,e [type 

locality: southwest of Manila Bay, Philippines; 14°01.0 / N, 120°15.8'E— 

13°59.2'N, 120°18.8'E; 191-188 meters]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Integument pitted on lateral areas of carapace 

and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal scale, 

slenderly palaemonoid, directed anteroventrad to variable 

degree, rostral formula 0-1 + 7-9/3-6, posteriormost tooth not 


anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital 

or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger than antennal spine, 

arising somewhat posteroventral to latter, not extending 

beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle ovate in

112 

male; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd 

somite, 6th somite l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs 

of small dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, 

anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye with cornea 


1 distolateral spine on basal segment, antennal scale about 2 2 /3 

times as long as wide, lateral margin convex, distolateral tooth 

not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 


antennal scale by at least length of chela, fingers not 

pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods slightly 

unequal, similar, fingers more or less than '/2 as long as palm, 

carpus about '/3 as long as palm, about l 2 /3 as long as distal 


flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl devoid of denticulate 

lobe on flexor margin, but biunguiculate with minute accessory 

tooth on faintly sinuous flexor margin, propodus with few 

small spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod 


telson; maximum postorbital carapace length 9'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type series from southwest 

of Manila Bay, Philippines; 187-195 m. 

126. Periclimenes galene Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (HarpUius) galene Holthuis, 1952c:l 1, 62, fig. 24 [type locality: 

Ambon and "islet near Menado," Indonesia]. 

Periclimenes galene.—Bruce, 1976d:12, figs. 3, 4; 1983d:207. 



scale, tapering to slender apex, horizontal, rostral formula 0-1 

+ 4-7A), epigastric tooth, if present, movable, isolated from 

remainder of rostral series, situated in vertical line with hepatic 

spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, 

hepatic spine fully as large as antennal spine, arising directly 

posterior or slightly posterodorsad to latter, not extending 

beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly 

lobate, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence 

on 3rd somite, 6th somite fully twice as long as 5th; 

telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior 

margin, anterior pair arising slightly anterior to mid-length; eye 

with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular 

peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal 

scale about 3 3 A times as long as wide, lateral margin faintly 

concave, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal 


process; 1 st pereopod not reaching distal end of antennal scale, 

fingers distally expanded, not pectinate on opposable margins; 

2nd pereopod with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus 1 3 A times 

as long as palm, 6'A times as long as distal width, without distal 


pereopod prehensile, dactyl not subdistally truncate, without 


flexor margin regularly concave, propodus expanded subdis- 


tally, with strong spines on distal flexor margin, not segmented; 

uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital 

carapace length fully 3 mm. 

RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Indonesia, and Great Barrier Reef 

of Australia; associated with hydroids. 

127. Periclimenes gracilis (Dana, 1852)? 

Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1952a:25; [type locality: Sulu Sea]; I952b:578; 1955, 

pi. 37: fig. 5.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:97.—Bruce, 1989b:180, fig. 4B. 



scale, palaemonoid, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 5-6/1, 


rostral series, situated anterior to level of hepatic spine; 


spine arising posteroventral to antennal spine, not extending 

beyond anterior margin of carapace; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite; eye with cornea 


1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale with 

distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of 

blade; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale; 2nd pereopod 

with fingers about x li as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long 

as palm, about 1 ] h times as long as distal width, with 2 distal 

spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod 

with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on 

flexor margin, biunguiculate (?), flexor margin somewhat 

sinuous, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not 

segmented; postorbital carapace length about 3'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known with certainty only from the type locality 

in the Sulu Sea. 

REMARKS.—This species has not been satisfactorily identified 

with any current pontoniine concept. It is very possible, as 

suggested by Bruce and Svoboda (1984:97) and by Bruce 

(1989b: 180), that Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1852 (= Periclimenes 

gracilis), is a senior synonym of HarpUius depressus 

Stimpson, 1860 (= Harpiliopsis depressa). As illustrated by 

Dana, the former species differs from the latter in having only 

one tooth, rather than two or three, on the unusual contour of 

the ventral margin of the rostrum, and apparently in having the 

dactyl of the third pereopod biunguiculate, rather than simple 

with double, stout, subdistal setae. In support of that conclusion 

is the not unusual dentition of the incisor process of the 

mandible described and illustrated by Dana (1852b:578 and 

1855, pi. 37: fig. 5d) (see illustration of mandible of H. 

depressa in Holthuis, 1952c, fig. 90a). 

128. Periclimenes grandis (Stimpson, 1860) 

Anchistia grandis Stimpson, 1860:39 [type locality: Amami O Shima, Ryukyu 

Islands]. 

Periclimenes vitiensis Borradaile, 1898:383 [type locality: Viti Levu, Fiji 

Islands].—Bruce. 1978f:266, fig. 9. 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) grandis.—Kemp, 1922:210, figs. 58, 59, pi. 7: fig.


10. 

Peridimenes grandis —Bruce, 1975f:23, fig. 1 [color]; 1976d:6, fig. 2; 

1978a:217.—Devaney and Bruce, 1987:230. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching to slightly beyond 

level of distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, curving 

slightly anterodorsad, rostral formula 1-2 + 6-8/2-5, posteriormost 

tooth not widely separated from remainder of dorsal 

rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; 

carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably 

larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not 


triangular, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal 

prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as long 


posterior margin, anterior pair arising in anterior '/2 of length; 

eye with comea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular 


antennal scale about 4 times as long as wide, lateral margin 

concave, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin 

of blade; 4th thoracic stemite with slender median process; 

1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers, 

latter not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with 

fingers '/2 to 4 /s as long as palm, carpus 3 /s- 9 /io as long as palm, 

4 to more than 5 times as long as distal width, with 1 distal 

spine, merus with distinct distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 



margin concave, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin, 

not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching antennal scale; 


carapace length nearly 4'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Mozambique, eastward to Ryukyu 

Islands, Kyushu, Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, 

Marshall Islands, and TUvalu. 

REMARKS.—Like P. elegans, this species may eventually 

prove to be a junior synonym of P. ensiferus. 

129. Peridimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913 

Peridimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913:235 [type locality: Sagami Nada, Japan; 120 

meters, on echinoid].—Bruce, 1983d:208; 1990a:151, figs. 1, 2, 39c. 

Peridimenes Hertwigi.—Balss, 1914b:49, figs. 28-30. 

Peridimenes (Ancylocaris) gradlirostris Kubo, 1940b:41, figs. 8-10 [type 

locality: Kumano Nada off Mie Prefecture, Japan; about 310 meters]. 

Peridimenes (Peridimenes) hertwigi.—Holthuis, 1952c:43, figs. 11, 12. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching to or slightly 

beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, slender, directed 

very slightly anteroventrad, rostral formula 1 + 5/2, posteriormost 

tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral 

series, situated anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace 


than antennal spine, arising just posteroventral to latter, 


blunt, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence 

on 3rd somite, 6th somite slightly less than twice as long 


posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye 



scale about 2 3 /s times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly 

straight, distolateral tooth reaching to or slightly beyond level 

of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite without slender 

median process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by 

entire lengths of chela and carpus, fingers not pectinate on 

opposable margins except for minor serrations near tips; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers about l /2 as long as palm, carpus about 

'/3 as long as palm, slightly longer than distal width, without 

distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 

pereopod with dactyl subdistally truncate, with denticulate lobe 

on flexor margin, not truly biunguiculate, flexor margin 

moderately convex, propodus with few obscure spinules on 

flexor margin, not subdivided; 5th pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum 


RANGE.—Japan, East China Sea, Indonesia, Queensland, 

Australia, and New Caledonia; 120-600 meters, associated 

with echinoids. 

•130. Peridimenes holihuisi Bruce, 1969 

Urocaris longicaudata.—Pearson, 1905:78, pi. 1: fig. 5 [not Urocaris 

longicaudatus Stimpson, 1860]. 

Peridimenes (Peridimenes) aesopius.—Holthuis, 1952c:34, figs. 5, 6 [not 

Anchistia aesopia Bate, 1863]. 

Peridimenes holthuisi Bruce, 1969b:258 [type locality: "Lung Ha Wan," N.T., 

Hong Kong; 22°18.5'N, 114°18.2'E; 4 meters, associated with sea 

anemones].—Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:10, fig. 3; 1984:94. 



scale, slender, generally horizontal but arched dorsally and 

anteriorly directed anteroventrad, rostral formula 1-2 + 

7-9/1-2, posteriormost tooth not distinctly isolated from 

remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated anterior to level of 

hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital 

spine, hepatic spine somewhat stronger than antennal spine, 

arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior 

margin of carapace, orbital angle acutely subovate; abdomen 

with compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite 

twice as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines 

anterior to posterior margin, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of 

length; eye with comea hemispherical, not produced distally; 

antennular peduncle with 1 small distolateral spine on basal 

segment; antennal scale about 2 4 /5 as long as wide, lateral 

margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching 



scale by fully length of fingers, latter not pectinate on 

opposable margins; 2nd pereopods equal, similar, with fingers

114 

nearly or quite as long as palm, carpus also about as long as 

palm, about 3'/2 times as long as distal width, without distal 




variably sinuous, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin, 

not segmented; 5th pereopod not reaching far beyond end of 

antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum 

postorbital carapace length about 3'A mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Sulu Sea, northeast of Dumaran 

Island: sta 5423; 10°37'50"N, 120°12'E; 93 m; sand; 8 

Apr 1909 (1534-1554); 6' McCormick-Blake beam trawl: 1 

ovig female [6.0]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Maldive Islands, Sri 

Lanka, South China Sea, Hong Kong, Japan (?), Philippines, 

Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, Lord Howe Island, New 

Caledonia, Palau, and Marshall Islands; 34-45 m, associated 

with sea anemones, corals, and medusae. 

•131. Periclimenes incertus Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) incertus Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Maldive 

Islands]; 1917:364, pi. 53: fig. 7. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) impar Kemp, 1922:140,147, figs. 16, 17, pi. 3: 

fig. 1 [type locality: Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 9 meters, on pinkish 

sponge]. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) incertus.—Holthuis, 1959:193. 

Periclimenes incertus.—Bruce. 1980a: 10, fig. 5. 



scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1-2 + 

7-8/1-2, posteriormost tooth usually somewhat isolated from 



spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, 


margin of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without 


l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral 

spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about 

mid-length: eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced 


segment; antennal scale about 3 '/s times as long as wide, lateral 

margin slightly concave, distolateral tooth not quite reaching 

level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without 

slender median process; 1 st pereopod reaching about to distal 

end of antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers about 2 /3 as long as palm, 

carpus about '/2 as long as palm, about 2'/3 times as long as 

distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth 



flexor margin concave, propodus with spinules on flexor 

margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal 

scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postor- 


bital carapace length about 4 mm. 


Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; 1 '/4-2'/2 mm; scattered 


taken shore: 1 male [2.1].—Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago: 

sta 5139; 6°06'N, 121°02'30"E; 37 m; coral sand; 14 Feb 1908 

(1313-1317); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 female [1.7]; 

sta 5141; 6°09'N, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb 1908 

(0847-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male [1.9]; 


Feb 1908 (1344-1359); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 

ovig female [2.0].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5147; 

5°41'4O"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908 

(1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 2 males [1.9, 

1.9] 1 ovig female [1.9]. 

RANGE.—Aden to Madagascar, east to Philippines, Indonesia, 

Australia, and New Caledonia; to a depth of 53 m. 

(apparently a new depth record), associated with sponges. 

132. Periclimenes indicus (Kemp, 1915) 

Urocaris indica Kemp, 1915:275, fig. 26, pi. 13: fig. 9 [type locality: Chilka 

Lake, Orissa, India; fresh and brackish water]. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) indicus.—Kemp, 1922:144, fig. 13.—Holthuis, 

1952c:39, fig. 8. 



scale, crested above orbit, horizontal, rostral formula 2 + 

6-8/1-3, posteriormost tooth isolated from remainder of 



spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising 


of carapace, orbital angle ovate; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about twice as 





scale 3'/3-3 3 /4 times as long as wide, lateral margin straight, 

distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade; 


pereopod not overreaching antennal scale; 2nd pereopod with 

fingers fully as long as palm, carpus slightly more or less than 

twice as long as palm, fully 5 times as long as distal width, 


margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, 

without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor 

margin concave, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not 

segmented; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod 



RANGE.—India, Nicobar Islands, Malaya, Singapore, Indonesia, 

and Queensland, Australia; to a depth of 55 meters.


133. Periclimenes inornatus Kemp, 1922 

Peridimenes (Ancylocaris) inornatus Kemp, 1922; 191, figs. 43-46 [type 

locality: Port Blair, Andaman Islands]. 

Periclimenes aff. inornatus Fransen, 1989:136, fig. 2. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum directed anteroventrad not 

overreaching antennal scale, shallow, ventrally convex, rostral 

formula 7-8/0-2, posterior tooth not isolated from remainder 

of dorsal rostral series, situated slightly anterior to level of 




margin of carapace, orbital angle distinctly produced, subacute, 

not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 

3rd somite, 6th somite about 1.5 times length of 5th; telson with 

2 pairs of well-developed dorsal spines, anterior pair at about 

0.3 of length; eye with comea hemispherical, not produced 

distally; antennular peduncle with 1 small distolateral spine on 

basal segment; antennal scale about 2.2 times longer than wide, 

lateral margin feebly convex, distolateral tooth not nearly 


with transverse ridge with small open median notch; 1st 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by fingers of chela, 

fingers subspatulate, margins pectinate; 2nd pereopod with 

fingers about x li as long as palm, carpus about 'A of palm 

length, about 1 '/io times as long as distal width, without distal 

spines, merus without tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod 

with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on 

flexor margin, simple, flexor margin sinuously concave, 

propodus without spines, not segmented; 5th pereopod reaching 

to about 2 /5 of scale length; uropod slightly exceeding 


than 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Kenya, Zanzibar, Seychelles, Comoro, Maldive 

and Andaman islands, Ryukyu Islands, Indonesia, South China 

Sea, Great Barrier Reef, Fiji and Caroline islands. 

134. Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) calmani.—Johnson, 1962b:59 [not P. calmani 

Tattersall, 1921]. 

Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987c:l 15 [type locality: Pasir Laba, Singapore; 

1°21'N, 103°38'E]. 



palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1 + 7-9/4-5, 




spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising slightly 


of carapace, orbital angle convexly triangular, not ovate, 

abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd 

somite, 6th somite fully l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 

pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterioir margin, 

anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea 


2 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal scale about 3'/2 


tooth reaching nearly to level of distal margin of blade; 4th 

thoracic sternite with slender median process; 1st pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers subequal to palm in length, 

carpus 1 'A times as long as distal width, without distal spines, 

merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with 



concave, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin, not 

segmented; 5th pereopod not reaching distal margin of antennal 

scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital 

carapace length about 2'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from tidal stream on Singapore. 

135. Periclimenes jugalis Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) jugalis Holthuis, 1952c:ll, 67, fig. 26 [type locality: 

Djedan, Kepulauan Am, Indonesia; 13 meters]. 



scale, slender, directed slightly anteroventral, rostral formula 1 

+ 8/2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of 

rostral series, situated in line with or anterior to level of hepatic 

spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, 

hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising 


of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen with 6th somite 

nearly twice as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral 

spines, both pairs arising in posterior V2 of length; eye with 

cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle 

with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale 

with lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not 

reaching level of distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not 

pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers 

about 2 /5 as long as palm, carpus fully 2 /3 as long as palm, about 

3 3 A as long as distal width, without distal spines, merus without 

distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not 


simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin regularly concave, 

propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 

uropod overreaching extended telson; postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Zanzibar and Indonesia. 

136. Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) diversipes Kemp, 1922:179, figs. 36-39 [part]. 

Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969b:260 [type locality: Hurghada, Red Sea coast 

of Egypt; 27°14'N, 38°5O'E; 1 meter, associated with alcyonarians]; 

1979f:224; 1981g:80, fig. 2.

116 



scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, 0+5-8/0-2, posteriormost 

tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral 

series, situated anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace 

without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine little 

longer than antennal spine, arising posteriad and slightly 

ventrad to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of 

carapace, orbital angle acutely produced, not quite subovate; 

abdomen without distinct compressed dorsal prominence on 

3rd somite; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to 


with cornea hemispherical not produced distally; antennular 


scale with distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal 


process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of 

fingers, latter pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod 

with fingers about '/2 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long 

as palm, about 3 times as long as distal width, without distal 




margin convex at extreme proximal end of flexor margin, 

concave distally, propodus with 1 distal spinule on flexor 

margin, not segmented; uropod distinctly overreaching extended 

telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about 1 '/2 

mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea, Zanzibar, Andaman Islands, Singapore, 

Australia, and Fiji Islands; associated with alcyonarians. 

137. Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977 

Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977c:33. figs. 1-4 [type locality: Koror, Palau 

Islands; associated with fungiid coral].—Brace and Svoboda, 1984:94, figs. 

5,6. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not quite reaching level of 

end of antennal scale, shallow, directed anterodorsad in anterior 

'/2, rostral formula 1-2 + 5-6/3-5, posteriormost tooth not 



or postorbital spine, hepatic spine more prominent than 

antennal spine, arising directly posterior to or somewhat 


of carapace, orbital angle convex, not ovate; abdomen without 

compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite l 4 /5 


anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about 

mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced 

distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral tooth on basal 

segment; antennal scale about 4 3 /s times as long as wide, lateral 

margin distinctly concave, distolateral tooth not reaching level 

of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender 

median process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by 


more than length of chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopods equal and similar, fingers '/2 as long as 

palm, carpus about 3 /4 as long as palm, 7'/2 times as long as 

distal width, with 2 distal spines, merus with distal tooth on 


truncate but slightly constricted at base of unguis, without 


flexor margin faintly sinuous, propodus with single distal 

spinule on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching 


4'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Cebu, Philippines; Palau Islands; and Queensland, 

Australia; associated with fungiid corals. 

•138. Periclimenes lanipes Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) lanipes Kemp, 1922:156, pi. 4: fig. 4 [type 

locality: Mergui Archipelago; 12°48'N,98 o 16'10"E; 44 meters]. 

Periclimenes lanipes.—Bruce, 1971g:ll, figs. 3, 4, 5c,d; 1978a:228, fig. 11. 



little if at all, rather shallow, directed distinctly anteroventrad, 

rostral formula 0 + 7-10/0-1, posteriormost tooth not isolated 

from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated anterior to level 

of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital 


arising posterior or posterodoral to latter, not extending beyond 

anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate; 


somite, 6th somite little if at all longer than 5th; telson with 2 

pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, 



1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale only twice 

as long as wide, lateral margin convex basally, nearly straight 

distal thereto, distolateral tooth reaching about to level of distal 


process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by more than 

length of chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins of 

fingers; 2nd pereopod with fingers less than l /2 as long as palm, 

carpus about 'A length of palm, about as long as distal width, 

without distal spines, merus with strong distal tooth on flexor 


without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, 

accessory tooth small, flexor margin straight, becoming 

concave distally, propodus clothed with long, woolly hairs on 

flexor margin, not segmented, 5th pereopod not reaching distal 

end of antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; 

maximum postorbital carapace length about 4'/2 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago; 

[5°58X 121°06'E]; shore; 12 Feb 1908: 1 ovig female 

[3.2].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5146; 5°46'40"E, 

120°48'50"E; 44 m; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1011- 

1031); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male [3.0] 6 ovig 

females [3.0-4.2]; sta 5147; 5°41'40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m;


coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam 

trawl, mud bag: 2 ovig female [4.1, 4.3]. 

RANGE.—Somalia to Madagascar, eastward to South China 

Sea, Philippines, Singapore, Australia, and New Caledonia; 

associated with basket stars (Euryalida). 

139. Periclimenes latipollex Kemp, 1922 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) latipollex Kemp, 1922:150, fig. 18, pi. 4: fig. 3 

[type locality: Mergui Archipelago; 12°15'20"N,97°10'10"E; 113 meters].— 

Holthuis, 1952c:47, figs. 13, 14. 

Periclimenes latipollex.—Bruce, 1971f:8; 1981c: 195, fig. 3. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum typically overreaching 

antennal scale, shallow, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 2-3 

+ 5-6/2-3, posteriormost tooth not distinctly isolated from 

remainder of dorsal rostral series but arising slightly farther 

from 2nd tooth than latter from 3rd, situated slightly posterior 

to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or 

postorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger than antennal spine, 

arising directly posterior to latter, not extending beyond 

anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly triangular, not 

ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd 

somite, 6th somite 1 x li times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs 

of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair 

arising slightly anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea 


1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale typically 

about 3 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth reaching to 

about level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite 

without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not pectinate on 

opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers about '/3 as long 

as palm, carpus about 'A as long as palm, about 1 '/2 times as 




biunguiculate, flexor margin straight proximally, concave 

distally, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not 

segmented; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale; maximum 

postorbital carapace length more than 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Philippines and Indonesia; 78 to 

more than 300 meters, possibly associated with gorgonians. 

REMARKS.—The records of P. latipollex in the literature 

suggest that it is either an unusually variable species or that the 

name has been applied to more than one species. The 

specimens recorded by Holthuis (1952c:47) from Kaulauan Kai 

in 304 meters have the accessory tooth on the dactyl of the third 

pereopod microscopic, whereas it is small but distinct in the 

type specimens from the Mergui Archipelago in 113 meters and 

in the Philippine specimen identified by Bruce (1981c: 195). On 

the other hand, the latter specimen has the rostrum less shallow, 

curving dorsad, and armed with 10 dorsal teeth, three of which 

are situated on the carapace posterior to the level of the orbit, 

and the antennal scale fully 3'/2 times as long as wide. 

140. Periclimenes longirostris (Borradaile, 1915) 

Palaemonella longirostris Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Naifaro Island, 

Fadifollu Atoll, Maldive Islands]. 

Pariclimenes (Falciger) affinis Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality: Salomon 

Island, Chagos Archipelago; not Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894]. 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) proximus Kemp, 1922:201, figs. 51-53 [type 

locality: Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 meters]. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) longirostris.—Holthuis, 1958:3, fig. 1. 

Periclimenes longirostris.—Bruce, 1981c:195, figs. 4, I8a,d. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching nearly to level of or 

overreaching antennal scale, shallowly palaemonoid, directed 

slightly anterodorsad anteriorly, rostral formula 1 + 5-6/2-3, 

posteriormost tooth not distinctly isolated from remainder of 

dorsal rostral series but arising slightly farther from 2nd tooth 

than latter from 3rd, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; 

carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger than 

antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending 

beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle weakly 

triangular, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal 

prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 'A times as long 


posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length; 



antennal scale 4'/2-5 4 /5 times as long as wide, lateral margin 

distinctly concave, distolateral tooth far overreaching distal 

margin of narrow blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender 

median process; 1st pereopod far overreaching antennal scale, 

fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with 

fingers slightly more or less than '/2 as long as palm, carpus 

longer or shorter than palm, 7-8 times as long as distal width, 

without distal spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 



flexor margin distinctly concave, propodus with spinules on 

flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod reaching about as 

far as distal end of antennal scale; uropod not overreaching 


2'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Northern Red Sea and western Indian Ocean to 

Philippines, Indonesia, Papua, northeastern Australia, and 

Marshall Islands; to a depth of at least 17 meters. 

141. Periclimenes lutescens (Dana, 1852) 

Harpilius lutescens Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Tongatapu Island, Tonga 

Islands]; 1852b:576; 1855:12, pi. 37: fig. 4.—Kemp. 1922:235, figs. 72. 73. 

Periclimenes (Ancylmaris) amamiensis Kubo. 1940b:44, figs. 11, 12 [type 

locality: Amami O Shima. Ryukyu Islands]. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) lutescens.—Holthuis. 1952c:88 [part], fig. 35. 

Periclimenes lutescens.—Bruce, 1972f:411, fig. 1A [right drawing]; 1975f:27, 

fig. 15 [color]; 1976c:98; 1977h:73 [color figure]; I977i:3.—Holthuis, 

1981:796. 



scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1-2 +

118 

5-7/1-2. posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of 



spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising 


of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate; abdomen 

without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite; telson 

with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, 

both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea 


1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale with 

distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; 

4th thoracic sternite with short, stout median process; 1st 

pereopod exceeding antennal scale by length of chela, fingers 


fully 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus less than '/2 as long as palm, 

about 1 '/2 times as long as distal width, without distal spines, 

merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with 



strongly concave, propodus not segmented, non-spinulate; 

maximum postorbital carapace length about 7'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known with assurance from Red Sea and eastern 

Africa eastward to Japan, Indonesia, and Great Barrier Reef of 

Australia, at least to Solomon and Samoa islands, and perhaps 

eastward to limits of range of Acropora; associated with 

branching corals of genera Acropora and, less commonly, 

Seriatopora. 

REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under P. consobrinus. 

The striped color pattern illustrated by Dana (1855, pi. 37: 

fig. 4) is so different from the one displayed by the species 

currently associated with the name P. lutescens (Bruce, 1975f, 

fig. 15, and 1977h:73) that there is a tendency to believe that 

Dana's name is now misapplied to a different species. The 

remark by Dana (1852b:577), however, "Colors probably not 

constant for the species" suggests the possibility that his 

material included more than one species. The single character 

illustrated by Dana that seems to relate most exactly to the 

current conception of the species is the peculiar second 

maxilliped (pi. 37: fig. 4f). Except for the inadvertently missing 

flexor margin of the penultimate segment, that illustration is 

remarkably similar to those offered by Holthuis (1952c, fig. 

35e) and Bruce (1972f, fig. 1A). On the basis of that character 

and the Samoan record cited by Bruce (1977i:3)—which 

suggests the presence of the species in the Tonga Islands 

(Dana's type locality)—would it not be desirable in the interest 

of stability—to assume the identity of the species described by 

Dana with the one now generally known by the same name? 

142. Periclimenes magnificus Bruce, 1979 

Periclimenes magnificus Bruce. 1979d:l95. figs. 1-5, pi. I: figs. A-C [type 

locality: Wistari Reef, Capricorn Islands. Queensland, Australia; 26-29 

meters).—Cases and Storch. 1981:15.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:96.— 

Fransen, 1989:143. figs. 4b.c. 5e-8.6i-m. 7i-p. 




scale, shallow, slightly arched, rostral formula 1 + 7-8/1-2, 


series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace 


than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not 


acutely subovate; abdomen with low, compressed dorsal 

prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about twice as long as 

5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to 



peduncle with 1 dorsolateral spine on basal segment; antennal 

scale about 2 3 A times as long as wide, lateral margin 

moderately convex to base of distolateral tooth, latter not nearly 


without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not pectinate on 

opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers 4 /5 as long as 

palm, carpus 3 /4 as long as palm, 2 3 A times as long as distal 




flexor margin concave, propodus with few obscure 

spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching 


6'A mm. 

RANGE.—Southern Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, and Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia; 3-29 meters, associated with 

scleractinian corals and sea anemones. 

143. Periclimenes nilandensis Borradaile, 1915 

Pariclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality: 

Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands]; 1917:372, pi. 54: fig. 13. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) nilandensis.—Holthuis, 1952c:58, fig. 22. 

Periclimenes nilandensis.—Bruce, 1978a:222, figs. 8, 9. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching as far as or 

overreaching distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, nearly 

horizontal, rostral formula 2 + 6-8/3-5, posteriormost tooth 

not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated 

posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace with postorbital 

spine, hepatic spine slightly larger than antennal spine, arising 

slightly posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior 

margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly triangular, not ovate; 


somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with 

2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, 

anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea 


1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale fully 3 

times as long as wide, lateral margin straight or slightly


concave, distolateral tooth reaching to or slightly beyond level 

of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender 

median process; 1st pereopod slightly overreaching antennal 


pereopod with fingers 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus 4 /5 as long as 

palm; about about 3 times as long as distal width, without distal 




margin concave, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not 

segmented; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum 


RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Maldive Islands, South China 

Sea, Indonesia, and Queensland, Australia; associated with 

gorgonians and, less commonly, hydroids. 

144. Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969 

Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969b:266 [type locality: Lung Ha Wan, Hong 

Kong]; 1982e:252, figs. 11, 12.—Fransen, 1989:136, fig. 3a-i. 



scale, rather deep, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 6-7/0-1, 


rostral series, situated slightly posterior to level of orbital 

margin, anterior to hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital 

or postorbital tooth, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than 

antennal spine, arising posteriorly and slightly ventrally to level 

of latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, 

orbital angle acute, not ovate; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as 

long as 5th, telson with 2 pairs of well-developed dorsal spines 

anterior to posterior margin, at about 0.3 and 0.6 of length; eye 

with cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle 

with 1 distolateral tooth on basal segment; antennal scale about 

2'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin straight, distolateral 

tooth not exceeding distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite 

with transverse ridge having small closed median notch; 1st 

pereopod with fingers subspatulate, cutting edges entire; 2nd 

pereopods similar, subequal, with fingers about ] /2 as long as 

palm, carpus about '/3 as long as palm, about l 3 /4 times longer 

than wide, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on 



biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus with small 

distoventral spine only, not segmented; uropod not overreaching 

extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length to 

about 4.8 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea, Kenya, Japan, Hong Kong, Indonesia, 

Great Barrier Reef, Norfolk Island to Marshall Islands. 

145. Periclimenes pectiniferus Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) pectiniferus Holthuis. 1952c:48, figs. 15, 16 [type 

locality: Pulau Kabaladua, Makassar Strait, Indonesia: 22 m]. 

Periclimenes pectiniferus.—Bruce, 1983d:209. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum somewhat palaemonid, not 

overreaching antennal scale, directed slightly anteroventrad, 

rostral formula 1-2 + 7/1, posteriormost tooth not isolated 

from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated nearly in line 

with hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital 



margin of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate; 


somite, 6th somite 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs 


arising at mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not 

ogival; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal 

segment; antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide, lateral 

margin slightly concave, distolateral tooth not quite reaching 



scale by slightly more than length of chela, fingers subspatulate, 

pectinate on greater part of opposable margins; 2nd 

pereopods slender, subequal, fingers 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus 

3 /5 as long as palm, about 2'/2 times as long as distal width, 



without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor 

margin nearly straight, propodus with spinules on flexor 

margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching extended telson; 


RANGE.—Known only from a single specimen from east of 

Townsville, Queensland, Australia, in 3O-35m, in addition to 

the two syntypes from Makassar Strait. 

146. Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzly, 1983 

Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzly, 1983:644, figs. 1-6 [type locality: 

southern tip of Medren Islet, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands; 

11°24'N,162°22'E;3 m].—Bruce. 1989b:177, fig. 3a. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted on lateral areas 


scale, narrowly palaemonid, directed slightly anteroventrad, 


from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated slightly anterior 

to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or 

postorbital spine, hepatic spine more robust than antennal 

spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond 

anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate; 


somite, 6th somite 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs 


arising slightly posterior to mid-length; eye with cornea 


at least 2 distolateral spines on basal segment, antennal scale 

about 2 3 /4 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, 

distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of 

blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st

120 

pereopod slightly overreaching antennal scale, fingers minutely 

crenulate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods unequal, 

similar, fingers about '/3 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as 

long as palm, about 1 '/3 times as long as wide, unarmed, merus 

with distal angle of flexor margin bluntly produced, not 

dentate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl very unequally biunguiculate 

and with 3 long, slender spines in same transverse line arising 

from distodorsal margin of corpus at base of unguis, flexor 

margin distinctly sinuous but without denticulate lobe, propodus 

with few small spines on distal x fc of flexor margin, not 

segmented; uropod considerably overreaching extended telson; 

postorbital carapace length about 3'/2 mm. 

RANGE.—Philippines and Marshall Islands; associated with 

crinoids. 

147. Periclimenes platycheles Holthuis, 1952 

Peridimenes (Harpilius) platycheles Holthuis. 1952c:85. fig. 33 [lype locality: 

the 2 syntypes came from two different Indonesian localities: Pulau Fau west 

of Pulau Gebe, Halmahera Sea (31 m) and off Atiationim, Western New 

Guinea (to 57 m)].—Miyake and Fujino. 1968:409. fig. 3c-f. 

Periclimenes platycheles.—Bruce, 1983d:210. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum slightly overreaching 

antennal scale, slender, directed anterodorsad in anterior '/2, 


from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated slightly 


or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than 


beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle broadly 

rounded, not spatulate; abdomen with 6th somite 1 '/2 times as 

long as fifth; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior 

to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length; 



antennal scale 4 3 /4 times as long as wide, lateral margin deeply 

concave, distolateral spine distinctly overreaching truncate 

distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median 

process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of 


pereopod with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus more than 7 

times as long as distal width, with 2 distal spines, merus with 

distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not 


simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus 

with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod 


telson; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 3 mm. 

RANGE.—Indonesia; Queensland, Australia; and Palau Islands. 

•148. Periclimenes psamathe (De Man, 1902) 

Urocaris psamathe De Man, 1902:816, pi. 25: fig. 51 [type locality: Ternate]. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) psamathe.—Holthuis. 1952c:61, fig. 23.—Monod, 


1976:14. figs. 1-28. 

Periclimenes psamathe.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:94. 


of carapace and abdomen; rostrum far overreaching antennal 

scale, slender, slightly crested above orbit, directed sinuously 

anteriorad or anterodorsad, rostral formula 1 + 2 + 2 + 1/0, 

distoventral margins of 3 posterior teeth finely serrate, 


series, situated variably posterior to level of hepatic spine; 

carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepaticspine 

not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising 

posterior or posterodorsal to latter, not extending beyond 

anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle variably produced 

anteriorly, sometimes subspatulate; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 3 


anterior to posterior margin, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of 

length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; 

antennular peduncle with I distolateral spine on basal segment; 

antennal scale 4 2 /j times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly 

straight, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal 



chela, fingers pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods 

grossly unequal, major chela with fingers about '/•» as long as 

palm, carpus 2 4 /s times as long as palm, nearly 25 times as long 

as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth 



biunguiculate, flexor margin rather deeply concave distally, 

propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching 


than 7 mm. 


sta 5141; 6°09'N, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb 

1908 (0847-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male 

[1.9] 2 ovig females [4.2, 4.3]; sta 5145; 6°04'30"N, 

120°59'30"E; 42 m; coral sand, shells; 15 Feb 1908 (1344- 

1359); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3 females [4.0-5.3], 

2 ovig [4.0, 5.3]. 

RANGE.—Eastern Africa to South China Sea, Japan, Philippines, 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia, New Caledonia, and 

Marshall Islands; associated with gorgonians. 

149. Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981 

Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981c:2O4. figs. 12-15 [type locality: 

southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines; I3 C 53.1'N, I2O°O8.9'E— 

I3°53.3'N, 12O°1O.7'E; 134-129 meters, probably associated with echinoid 

Eremopyga]. 



shallow, tapering, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 11-12/4-5, 

posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal


rostral series, situated far anterior to level of hepatic spine; 


spine stouter but not noticeably larger than antennal spine, 

arising slightly posterodorsal to latter, not extending beyond 

anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle subquadrate, not 

spatulate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 

3rd somite, 6th somite fully 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson 


both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea 


1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 5 


tooth reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 


antennal scale by about length of chela, fingers 

subspatulate, pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod 

with fingers nearly as long as palm, carpus about '/2 as long as 

palm, about 2'/2 times as long as distal width, without distal 

spines, merus with small distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd 



margin obscurely sinuously concave, propodus with spinules 

on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching extended 

telson; maximum postorbital carapace length nearly 6 

mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the three type specimens from 

southwest of Manila Bay; 134-129 meters. 

150. Periclimenes seychellensis Borradaile, 1915 

Periclimenes (Falager) seychellensis Borradaile. 1915:212 [type locality: 

Praslin, Seychelles). 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) seychellensis.—Kemp. 1922:176, figs. 34, 35; pi. 

6: fig. 7. 

Periclimenes seychellensis.—Bruce, 1974d:192. 



slightly, if at all, palaemonoid, directed slightly anterodorsad, 

rostral formula 2 + 5-8/2-5, posteriormost tooth somewhat but 

not widely isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, 

situated distinctly posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace 

without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not 

noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to 


orbital angle bluntly acute, not spatulate; abdomen without 

compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite 1 '/2 


anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to 

midlength; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced 

distally, stalk with dorsal tubercle; antennular peduncle with 1 

distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale 3 or more 

times as long as wide, lateral margin slightly concave, 

distolateral tooth reaching nearly or quite to level of distal 

margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median 

process; 1 st pereopod not overreaching antennal scale, fingers 


fully as long as palm, carpus subequal to or slightly shorter than 

palm, nearly 4 times as long as distal width, without distal 




margin concave, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin, 

not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching antennal scale; 



RANGE.—Red Sea to Mozambique, eastward to Indonesia, 

Papua, Australia, New Caledonia, and Marshall Islands; in 

algal communities. 

151. Periclimenes sibogae Holthuis, 1952 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) sibogae Holthuis. 1952c:73, figs. 28. 29 [type 

locality: anchorage, Kepulauan Banda. Indonesia; 9-36 meters]. 



scale, shallow, sinuously horizontal, rostral formula 1 + 6/2, 


series, situated in line with or slightly posterior to level of 


spine, hepatic spine smaller than antennal spine, arising 


of carapace, orbital angle shallowly rounded, not spatulate; 

abdomen with 6th somite only slightly longer than 5th; eye 



scale about 6 times as long as wide, lateral margin deeply 

sulcate, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin 

of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with short, stout median process; 

1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of chela 

and part of carpus, fingers spatulate, pectinate on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus 

less than '/2 as long as palm, more than twice as long as distal 

width, armed with 3 distal spines, merus without distal tooth on 



biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus with spinules 

on flexor margin, not segmented; postorbital carapace length 

about 4 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the unique holotype from 

Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 9-36 meters. (Dr. Holthuis has 

informed us that the specimens from the Sudanese Red Sea 

identified by him as P. sibogae and reported by Edwards and 

Emberton (1980:236) may not belong to this species.) 

*152. Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, 1969 

Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, (July)1969b:270 [type locality: Hong Kong; on 

alcyonarian]; 1982e:255. figs. 13, 14. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) setoensis Fujino and Miyake, (November)

122 

1969a: 149, figs. 4, 5 [type localitty: Shiso-jima, Tanabe Bay, Wakayama 

Prefecture, Japan; 5 meters, associated with alcyonarian]. 



scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1 + 

8-9/2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of 

dorsal rostral series, situated in line with or anterior to level of 




margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly triangular, not ovate; 


somite, 6th somite more than 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson 




1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale 2 3 A times 

as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth 

not reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic 

sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale by about length of fingers, latter not 

pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods subequal, 

similar, fingers about as long as palm, carpus 3 /4 as long as 

palm, more than twice as long as distal width, without distal 




concave, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not 

segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching antennal scale; 

uropod slightly overreaching extended telson; maximum 


MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Islands, Sulu Archipelago: 

sta 5141; 6°09TSf, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb 

1908 (0848-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 ovig 

female [1.3].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5147; 

5°4r40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908 

(1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 ovig female 

[2.1].—Off Tawitawi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5151; 5°24'40"N, 

120°27'15"E; 44 m; coarse sand, shells; 18 Feb 1908 

(1307-1327); 12'Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 cephalothorax 

[2.0]. 

RANGE.—Known previously only from Hong Kong and 

Japan; associated with alcyonarians. The depths at which the 

species was taken by the Albatross (to 53 m) represent a 

considerable extension of the known bathymetric range. 

REMARKS.—The posterior four or five teeth of the dorsal 

rostral series are articulated (not indicated by Fujino and 

Miyake) and the distolateral spine on the basal segment of the 

antennular peduncle resembles the illustration in Bruce (1982e, 

fig. 14B) more closely than the one in Fujino and Miyake 

(1969a, fig. 5a). On the other hand, the antennal scale and the 

dactyl of the third pereopod are more like those illustrated by 

Fujino and Miyake (1969a, fig. 5a,/) than those in Bruce 

(1982e,fig. 14C, and 13LJ). 


153. Periclimenes soror Nobili, 1904 

1 Periclimenes parasiticus Borradaile, 1898:384 [type locality: Milne Bay, 

Papua].—Bruce, 1975d:281, fig. 2. 

Periclimenes soror Nobili, 1904:232 [type locality: Djibouti].—Gordon, 

1939:395, figs. 1-3.—Bruce, 1978e:299, figs. 1-6.—Bruce and Svoboda, 

1984:98. 

Periclimenes (Cristiger) fraler Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Seychelles]. 

Periclimenes hicolor Edmondson, 1935:10, fig. 3 [type locality: Kaneohe Bay, 

Oahu, Hawaii; on asteroid]. 

Periclimenes (Periclimenes) soror.—Holthuis, 1952c:51, fig. 17. 



scale, rather deep, directed anteriorad or very slightly anteroventrad, 

rostral formula 0 + 10/0, posteriormost tooth not 



or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not much larger than 

antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral to latter, not 


rather strongly produced triangularly, not ovate; abdomen 


somite about l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of 


arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea hemispherical, 

not ogival; antennular peduncle with 2 or 3 distolateral spines 

on basal segment; antennal scale about 2'/3 times as long as 

wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not nearly 


without slender median process; 1 st pereopod not overreaching 

antennal scale, fingers spatulate, pectinate on opposable 

margins; 2nd pereopod pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers less than '/2 as long as palm, carpus also 

less than '/2 as long as palm, nearly twice as long as distal 


flexor margin; 3rd pereopod without denticulate lobe on flexor 

margin, obscurely biunguiculate, flexor margin sinuous, propodus 

with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod 

slightly overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital 

carapace length about 2.7 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, 

and eastward to Hawaii and Society and Tuamotu islands to 

Golfo de Panama on the American coast; associated with 

asteroids. 

*154. Periclimenes spiniferus De Man, 1902 

Periclimenes petitthonarsii var. spinifera De Man, 1902:824 [type locality: 

Ternate, Pulau Damar-Besar, Teluk Djakarta, and Ambon, in Indonesia, and 

Tahiti, Society Islands]. 

Periclimenes (Falciger) spiniferus.—Borradaile, 1917:324, 369, pi. 52. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) spiniferus.—Holthuis, 1952c:76, fig. 30. 

Periclimenens spiniferus.—Bruce, 1976c:95, figs. 5, 6. 



scale, shallowly palaemonoid, directed somewhat anterodorsally 

in anterior '/2, rostral formula 1 + 5-8/2-5, posteriormost


tooth slightly isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, 

situated in line with or anterior to level of hepatic spine; 

carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine smaller than 


beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle not produced, 

not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 

3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson 


anterior pair arising considerably anterior to mid-length; eye 

with cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle 

with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 

5 times as long as wide, lateral margin somewhat concave, 

distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of blade; 4th 

thoracic sternite with slender median process; 1st pereopod 

overreaching antennal scale, fingers spatulate, pectinate on 

opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers less than 2 /3 as 

long as palm, with sound-producing fossae on opposable 

margins of each finger, carpus about 'A as long as palm, about 

l 2 /3 times as long as distal width, with 2 distal spines, merus 

with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not 



with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod 


telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about 5 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island, Sulu Archipelago; 

[6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'/4-2'/2 m; scattered coral and 

sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads taken 

ashore: 3 males [1.6-3.1], 3 females [2.0-3.0], 2 ovig [2.8, 

3.0]. 

RANGE.—Probably the commonest and most widely distributed 

pontoniine shrimp in the Indo-West Pacific region, absent 

only from the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean and the 

Red Sea; free-living, frequently sheltering in coral colonies. 

• 155. Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898 

Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898:384 [type locality: New Britain].— 

Brace and Svoboda, 1983:4, fig. 1. 

Periclimenes borradailei Rathbun, 1904:34 [replacement name for P. tenuipes 

Borradaile, 1898]. 

Periclimenes (Falciger) kolumadulensis Borradaile, 1915:213 [type locality: 

Kolumadulu Atoll, Maldive Islands]. 

Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) tenuipes.—Kemp, 1922:220, pi. 8: fig. 11. 

Periclimenes (Harpilius) tenuipes.—Holthuis, 1952c:84. 



shallow, directed anterodorsad in anterior '/2, rostral formula 

1-2 + 8-10/6-9, posteriormost tooth not isolated from 





margin of carapace, orbital angle not spatulate; abdomen 


somite about 1 '/3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of 

dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair 

arising anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, 


spine on basal segment, antennal scale 6'/2-7 times as long as 

wide, lateral margin distinctly concave, distolateral tooth 

reaching far beyond distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite 

with slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching 

antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd 

pereopod with fingers slightly more than '/2 as long as palm, 

carpus about l'/3 times as long as palm, about 8 times as long 

as distal width, with 1 obscure distal spine, merus with distal 




with short spinules on flexor margin, obscurely segmented, 5th 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching 

extended telson; maximum carapace length about 6 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Tawitawi, Sulu Archipelago: 

sta 5160; 5°12'40"N, 119°55'10"E; 22 m; sand; 22 Feb 

1908 (0829-0832); 9' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male [3.3]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Philippines, 

Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Palau and 

Marshall islands; generally free-living, sometimes associated 

with sea anemones. 

REMARKS.—The Albatross specimen from off Tawitawi 

lacks both second pereopods; its positive identification is 

therefore questionable, but it agrees with the description and 

illustration by Kemp (1922) in all other particulars. 

156. Periclimenes tenuis Bruce, 1969 

Periclimenes tenuis Brace, 1969b:272 [type locality: Chukwani, Zanzibar; 

6°15.rS,39°12.7'E; 1 foot, on crinoids]; 1982c:195, fig. 8c; 1983c:886. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted on lateral areas 


scale, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 5A), posteriormost tooth 

not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated 


or postorbital spine, hepatic spine robust, arising well 


of carapace, orbital angle acutely produced, not ovate; 


somite; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to 

posterior margin, both arising on posterior l /r, eye with cornea 

hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral 

spine on basal segment; antennal scale narrow, lateral 

margin straight or slightly concave, distolateral tooth not 

reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite 

without slender median process; 1 st pereopod not overreaching 

antennal scale, fingers scissor-like, much longer than palm, not 

pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods similar, feeble, 

with fingers 3 times as long as palm, carpus about '/2 as long as 

palm, expanded distally but unarmed, merus without distal

124 



simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin nearly straight 

proximally, strongly concave on unguis, propodus with long, 

spinulate setae on distal part of flexor margin, not segmented; 

uropod slightly overreaching extended telson; maximum 

postorbital carapace length about 2'A mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea, Zanzibar, Ryukyu Islands, Indonesia, 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Marshall Islands; 

associated with crinoids. 

•157. Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969 

FIGURE 23 

Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969b:275 [type locality: Ap Island, Tolo 

Channel, Hong Kong; 9-27 meters]; 1982e:258, figs. 15-18. 



scale, rather shallow, horizontal, rostral formula 1-2 + 7/1, 




spine no larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to 


orbital angle produced, subovate; abdomen without compressed 

dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 

twice as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines 

anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about 

mid-length; eye with comea hemispherical, not produced 


segment; antennal scale about 3'/2 times as long as wide, 

distolateral spine not nearly reaching level of distal margin of 

blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1 st 

pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers, 

latter not pectinate on opposable margins; major 2nd pereopod 

with fingers slightly more than '/2 as long as palm, carpus 

slightly less than 2 /3 as long as palm, about 3 3 A times as long as 

distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth 

on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by 

about length of dactyl, latter not subdistally truncate, without 

denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor margin 

faintly sinuous, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin, 

not segmented; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum 

postorbital carapace length about 2'/2 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: 

sta 5147; 5°41'4


FIGURE 23.—Periclimenes toloensis, ovigerous female from Albatross sta 5147 (Sulu Archipelago), carapace 

length 22 mm: a, carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b, anterior carapace, lateral aspect; c, abdomen, 

lateral aspect; d, tail fan; e, left antennule, dorsal aspect;/, left antenna, dorsal aspect; g, right mandible; h, right 

1st maxilla; i, right 2nd maxilla;), right 1st maxilliped; k. right 2nd maxilliped; /. right 3rd maxilliped; m. right 

1st pereopod; n. same, chela; o. left (major) 2nd pereopod; p. same, fingers; q, right (minor) 2nd pereopod; r, 

same, fingers; s. right 3rd pereopod; I, same, dactyl.

126 


peduncle with 1 small distolateral spine on basal segment; 

antennal scale about 2'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin 

straight, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal 




pereopod with fingers subequal to palm in length, carpus 

subequal to or shorter than palm, about 3-4 times as long as 

distal width, without distal spines, merus without tooth on 



flexor margin concave, propodus with few short spines on 

distal x lt> of flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod 

reaching to about distal end of antennal scale; uropod 


length more than 5 mm. 

RANGE.—Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, and northern and 

western Australia; to a depth of about 5 m. 

REMARKS.—Some of the specimens referred in the earlier 

literature as P. holthuisi may well be examples of this species. 

Periclimenoides Bruce, 1990 

Periclimenoides Bruce, 1990c:616 [type species, by original designation: 

Periclimenaeus odontodactylus Fujino and Miyake, 1968b:85, figs. 1, 2; 

gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, overreaching anteriorly 

extended eyes, compressed laterally, dorsally dentate, 

lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or postocular 

eave, carapace moderately compressed, dorsal profile straight, 

without postrostral gastric teeth, anterior margin not produced 



with antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin not 

posteriorly interrupted; abdomen with 5th pleuron rounded, not 

sharp-pointed; telson not curving ventrally, posterior margin 

not incised, median and submedian pairs of spines not curving 

ventrally, dorsolateral spines not particularly robust; epistome 

not bearing paired, horn-like processes; antennal scale well 

developed; mandible without palp, incisor process bidentate; 



2nd pereopods with chelae unequal, similar, opposable 

margins of fingers denticulate, not provided with socket and 

plunger closure; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus 

and ischium not fused, dactyl biunguiculate, not bearing 

hoof-shaped protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing 

teeth and mobile lateral spine. 

RANGE.—Japan, Hong Kong, Philippines, Australian Northwest 

Shelf and Great Barrier Reef; associated with sponges, 

Ircinia fasciculata. 

REMARKS=.—Only one species has been recognized. 


*160. Periclimenoides odontodactylus (Fujino 

and Miyake, 1968) 

Periclimenaeus odontodactylus Fujino and Miyake, 1968b:85, figs. 1, 2 [type 

locality: Ushitaka, Amakusa Island, Japan]. 

Periclimenoides odontodactylus.—Bruce, 1990c:617, figs. 2, 3. 




sta 5142; 6°06'10"N, 121 °02'40"E; 38 m; coral sand 

and shells;15 Feb 1908 (1033-1044); 12' Agassiz Beam trawl, 

mud bag: 1 ovig female [3.9]. 

RANGE.—See "Range" of genus. 

REMARKS.—This specimen agrees with the original description 

of P. odontodactylus in most particulars, including the 

unusual telson and the chelae of the first and second pereopods. 

The rostrum is armed with eight dorsal teeth, compared with six 

in the holotype and seven in the specimen from Hong Kong. 

*Philarius Holthuis, 1952 

Philarius Holthuis, 1952c:5, 15, 151 [type species, by original designation: 

Harpilius Gerlachei Nobili, 1905b: 160; gender: masculine]. 


eyes, compressed laterally, armed at least dorsally throughout 

length, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or 

postocular eave; carapace somewhat depressed, dorsal profile 

straight or slightly convex, with or without 1 or more teeth of 

dorsal rostral series continuing onto gastric region, anterior 

margin not produced anteroventrally as prominent convex lobe 

and not deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal 

branchiostegal suture, with antennal spine, without hepatic 

spine, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with 

pleuron of 5th somite blunt or acute; telson not curving ventrad, 



particularly robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like 


palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite with 

short stout median process; 1 st pereopod with carpus entire, not 

subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, chelae not borne in vertical 

plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with 

socket and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not 


ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing hoof-shaped protuberance, 

simple, uncinate; uropod with lateral branch bearing 1 

movable lateral spine. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Indonesia, Australia, 

and the Marshall, Gilbert, and Samoan islands; associated 

with acroporid corals. 

REMARKS.—Bruce (1982d:171) has provided a key to the 

three species currently assigned to Philarius. Periclimenes 

brevinaris Nobili, 1906b:42—still known only from the


disintegrating holotype from the Persian Gulf—was provisionally 

transferred to Philarius by Bruce (1967b:568), but that 

author subsequently (1982d:172) stated that it is "probably not 

truly congeneric with the three other species [of that genus] and 

must still be considered incertae sedis." 

*161. Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905) 

Harpilius Gerlachei Nobili, 1905b: 160 [type locality: southern Persian Gulf off 

Trucial Coast]; 1906b:45, pi. 4: fig. 10. 

Philarius gerlachei—Holthuis, 1952c: 152 [part], fig. 69.—Bruce, 1982d, fig. 

7C—Fransen, 1989:145. 


supraorbital spines; 2nd pereopod without distal spine on flexor 

margin of carpus; maximum postorbital carapace length about 

6 mm. 


Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E.]; 1 ! /4-2»/2 m; scattered 


taken ashore: 1 male [2.5]. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Ryukyu Island, 

Philippines, Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and 

eastward to Solomon, Marshall, and Samoan islands; associated 

with acroporid corals. 

162. Philarius imperialis (Kubo, 1940) 

Harpilius imperialis Kubo, 1940c: 1, figs. 1-3 [type locality: Nankin-Hama, 

Haha-Jima, Bonin Islands]. 

Philarius gerlachei.—Holthuis, 1952c: 152 [part]. 

Philarius imperialis.—Bruce, 1982d, fig. 7B. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 1-3 + 6-8/1-3; carapace 

without supraorbital spines; 2nd pereopod with distinct distal 

spine on flexor margin of carpus; maximum postorbital 


RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Indonesia, Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia, and eastward to Bonin, Caroline, and 

Marshall islands; associated with acroporid corals. 

Platycaris Holthuis, 1952 

Platycaris Holthuis, 1952c:5, 16, 172 [type species, by monotypy: Platycaris 

latirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 173; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended 

eyes, depressed dorsally, unarmed, with apically acute tooth, 

expanded laterally into broad supraocular eave; carapace 

strongly depressed, dorsal profile nearly straight, unarmed, 

anterior margin strongly produced anteriorly as prominent 

convex lobe below orbital notch, without longitudinal branchiostegal 

suture, without antennal, hepatic, or supraorbital 

spines, orbital margin strongly recessed posteriorly; abdomen 

with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not curving ventrad, 


spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not robust; 

antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp; 3rd 

maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender 


2nd pereopods similar, subequal, chela not borne in 

vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided 



ischium not fused, dactyl without prominent protuberance on 

flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing movable 

lateral spine. 

RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Okinawa, Indonesia, Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia, and Fiji Islands; associated with 

oculinid coral Galaxea. 

REMARKS.—Only one species has been recognized. 

163. Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952 

Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 173, figs. 85, 86 [type locality: Ende, 

Flores, Indonesia].—Bruce, 1966d:l, figs. 1-5; 1985c:5, figs. 4, 5. 




Platypontonia Bruce, 1968 

Platypontonia Bruce, 1968b:289 [type species, by original designation: 

Pontonia? brevirostris Miers, 1884:562; gender: feminine]. 


eyes, depressed dorsally, unarmed except for apical and 

subapical teeth in P. hyotis, not expanded laterally into broad 

supraocular eave; carapace strongly depressed, dorsal profile 

faintly convex, with strong antennal spine, without supraocular 

or hepatic spines, orbital margin strongly recessed posteriorly; 


curving ventrad; posterior margin not incised, median and 

submedian pairs of spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral 

spines long or robust or both; antennal scale well developed; 

mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th 

thoracic stemite without slender median process; 1 st pereopod 

with carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, 

subequal, chela not bome in vertical plane, movable finger not 

ventrad, fingers not provided with socket and plunger closure, 

movable finger normal, not semicircular; 3rd pereopod 


without prominent protuberance on flexor margin; uropod with 

lateral branch bearing minute movable lateral spine. 

RANGE.—Madagascar, Seychelles, Japan, and Indonesia; in 

bivalve mollusks. 

REMARKS.—A key to the two species of the genus was 

published by Hipeau-Jacquotte (1971:139). 

164. Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1971 

Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, (March) 1971:126, Figs. 1-7 [type 

locality: near "Rildar, southwestern Madagascar; in bivalve Pycnodonta].— 

Bruce, 1983c:895, figs. 7J [as "Pycnodonta hyotis"], 10B.C. 

Platypontonia pterostreae Suzuki, (July) 1971:5, figs. 3, 4, pi. 3 [type locality: 

Hatsu-shima, Sagami wan, Honshu, Japan; in bivalve Pterostrea].

128 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with strong, anteriorly dentate median 

ventral carina in distal '/2; maximum postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Madagascar, Japan, and Indonesia, and eastern 

Australia. 

Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985 

Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985b:248 [type species, by monotypy: Plesiopontonia 

monodi Bruce, 1985b:25O; gender: feminine]. 


eyes, compressed laterally, armed both dorsally and ventrally, 

lateral carina not expanded laterally into broad supraocular or 

postocular eave; carapace subcylindrical, dorsal profile faintly 

and sinuously convex, none of teeth of dorsal rostral series 

extending onto gastric region, anterior margin not produced 

posteroventrally as prominent convex lobe, not deeply concave 

(notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with 

antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbit not sharply defined; 

abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite subquadrangular; telson 

not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and 

submedian spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not 

robust; antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp; 

3rd rnaxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without 


subdivided; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and 

ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing hoof-shaped protuberance, 

not clearly biunguiculate; uropod with lateral branch 

probably bearing 1 movable spine flanked by acute tooth. 

RANGE.—Philippines. 


165. Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985 

Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985b:25O, figs. 13-17 [type locality: Balayan 

Bay, southwestern Luzon, Philippines; 13°49.6'N, 12O°51.OIL; 299-320 m]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; postorbital carapace 


RANGE.—Known only from the unique male holotype from 

Balayan Bay, Luzon, Philippines; possibly associated with 

bivalve mollusk Acesta. 

Pliopontonia Bruce, 1973 

Pliopontonia Bruce. 1973b:97 [type species, by original designation: Pliopontonia 

furtiva Bruce. I973b:99; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum barely overreaching anteriorly extended 

eyes, if at all, compressed, dentate dorsally, unarmed 

ventrally, not expanded laterally into broad supraocular eave; 

carapace somewhat depressed, dorsal profile nearly straight, 

anterior margin strongly produced anteriorly as prominent 

convex lobe separated by sinus from suborbital angle, without 

longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with strong submarginal 

antennal spine overreaching suborbital angle, without supraorbital 

or hepatic spines, orbital margin indistinct posteriorly; 




submedian pairs of spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral 

spines small; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with 

exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without slender median process; 

1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods 

similar, unequal, chela not borne in vertical plane, movable 

finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket and 

plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular; 3rd 


fused, dactyl without prominent protuberance on flexor margin; 

uropod with lateral branch armed with small fixed tooth and 

movable spine mesial to it. 

RANGE.—Kenya, Philippines, Indonesia, and Great Barrier 

Reef of Australia; associated with sea anemones (Actiniaria). 


166. Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973 

Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973b:99, figs. 1-5, pi. 1 [type locality: Ras 

Iwetine, Mombasa, Kenya; 4°00.55'S, 39°44.17'E; associated with actinodiscid 

Rhodactis rhodostoma in 1 meter]; 1981e:22.—Bruce and Svoboda, 

1984:97, fig. 7.—Fransen, 1989:144, fig. 8. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; postorbital carapace 



*Pontonia Latreille, 1829 

Alciope Rafinesque, 1814:24 [type species, by monotypy: Alciope heterochelus 

Raflnesque, 1814:24 (= Pontonia flavomaculata Heller, 1864:51); gender: 

masculine; name suppressed by plenary action of the International 

Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Opinion 522 (1958)]. 

Pontonia Latreille, 1829:% [type species, designated by plenary action of the 

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Opinion 378 

(1956): Palaemon pinnophylax Otto, 1821:12; gender: feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually flattened dorsally, armed 

dorsally only near tip, if at all, often expanded laterally into 

supraocular eave; carapace depressed, dorsal profile slightly 

convex, dorsally unarmed, anterior margin usually produced 

anteriorly, without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with or 

without antennal spine, orbital margin not clearly interrupted 

posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded, not 

acute; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, 

median and submedian spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral 

spines variable; antennal scale well developed; mandible with 

palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without 


subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar and subequal or not; chelae 

not borne in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers 


normal, not semicircular, 3rd pereopod composed of 7 

segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing 

hoof-shaped protuberance, usually biunguiculate or multiunguiculate; 

uropod with lateral branch usually bearing 1 mobile 

lateral spine.


RANGE.—Pantropical and warm temperate waters; living in 

mollusks and ascidians. 

REMARKS.—Of the 22 or 24 currently recognized species of 

Pontonia, only five are known from the Philippines and/or 

Indonesia. All but one of those have been found in ascidians 

and are included in the key published by Bruce (1972c: 185). 

167. Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898 

Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898:389 [type locality: Blanche Bay, New 

Britain, in ascidian].—Holthuis, 1952c:165, figs. 79-81. 


eyes, dorsally flattened, with faint median carina on dorsal 

surface but unarmed dorsally and ventrally; carapace with 

antennal spine, lateral margin somewhat produced anteriorly; 

telson bearing 2 pairs of conspicuous dorsolateral spines, 

anterior pair not overreaching bases of posterior pair; antennal 

scale with distolateral spine curving around lateral margin of 

blade; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate slightly longer than 

terminal segment; 2nd pereopods unequal; 3rd pereopod with 

dactyl biunguiculate, elongate, bearing 7 teeth on flexor 

margin; maximum postorbital carapace length fully 2 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea, Madagascar, Indonesia and Bismarck 

Archipelago, in ascidians. 

168. Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940 

Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940b:55, figs. 21-23 [type locality: off Shimoda, 

Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, in branchial chamber of ascidiian Halocynthia).—Holthuis, 

1952c:158 [part], figs. 73c,d, 74a, 75c, 16a,bJ.e. llbM 

only. 


eyes, dorsally flattened, with faint median carina on dorsal 

surface, unarmed dorsally but with small, subterminal ventral 

tooth; carapace with antennal spine, lateral margin somewhat 

produced anteriorly; telson bearing 2 pairs of conspicuous 

dorsolateral spines, anterior pair not nearly reaching bases of 

posterior pair; antennal scale with long distolateral spine 

closely appressed to lateral margin of blade; 3rd maxilliped 

with penultimate slightly longer than terminal segment; 2nd 

pereopods unequal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, 

short and stout, bearing 3 teeth on flexor margin; maximum 

postorbital carapace length fully 2 mm. 

RANGE.—Tanzania, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, and New 

Caledonia; in ascidians. 

•169. Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922 

Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922:261, figs. 89-92 [type locality: off Cape Negrais, 

Burma; ISÎM. 93°45'E; 73-126 m. in ascidian Ascidia).—Holthuis, 

1952c: 164, fig. 78. 


eyes, dorsally flattened, with strong median carina on dorsal 

surface but unarmed dorsally and ventrally; carapace with 

antennal spine, lateral margin produced anteriorly; telson 

bearing 2 pairs of conspicuous dorsolateral spines, anterior pair 

reaching nearly to bases of posterior pair, antennal scale with 

short distolateral spine overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd 

maxilliped with penultimate about twice as long as terminal 

segment; 2nd pereopods unequal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl 

biunguiculate. elongate, bearing 11-13 teeth on flexor margin; 



sta 5558; 5°51'33*N, 12rorOO"E; 27 m; 18 Sep 1909 

(1517-1520); 6' McCormick trawl: 1 male [2.0] 1 ovig female 

[2.8], in branchial sac of Ascidia depressiuscula Heller. 

RANGE.—Kenya, Burma, South China Sea, Philippines, 

Indonesia, and Australia; in ascidians. 

REMARKS.—The pair of specimens from the Sulu Archipelago 

agrees well with the description in Kemp (1922), except 

that the tip of the rostrum is slightly less acute and the 

stylocerite slightly wider in the Albatross specimens. 

170. Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972 

Pontonia katoi.—Holthuis, 1952c: 158 [part], figs. 73a,b. 746, 15ajb4-f. 

16c.f,g, na.e.f [not P. katoi Kubo]. 

Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972c: 182, fig. 1 [type locality: Curtis Channel, Port 

Curtis, Queensland, Australia; 42 meters]. 


eyes, dorsally flattened, without median carina on dorsal 

surface, unarmed dorsally, with subapical tooth ventrally; 

carapace with antennal spine, lateral margin angularly produced 

anteriorly; telson bearing 5 pairs of conspicuous 

dorsolateral spines; antennal scale with distolateral spine 

curving around lateral part of blade; 3rd maxilliped with 

penultimate slightly longer than terminal segment; 2nd 

pereopods subequal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, 

short and stout, bearing 3 teeth on flexor margin; maximum 


RANGE.—Oman, Madagascar, Queensland, Australia, and 

Indonesia; 25-45 meters, in ascidians. 

171. Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952 

Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 169, figs. 82-84 [type locality: between 

Pulau Misool and New Guinea; 1°42.5'S.47.5°47.5'E; 32 m]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overeaching anteriorly extended 

eyes, subcylindrical, armed dorsally with 2 subapical teeth, 

unarmed ventrally; carapace with antennal spine, lateral margin 

not distinctly produced anteriorly; telson bearing 2 pairs of 

conspicuous dorsolateral spines, anterior pair reaching nearly 

to bases of posterior pair, antennal scale with short distolateral 

spine reaching about to level of distalmost margin of blade; 3rd 

maxilliped with penultimate distinctly longer than terminal 

segment; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, elongate, 

bearing 4-6 teeth on flexor margin; maximum postorbital 

carapace length about 4 mm.

130 

RANGE.—Oman, Tanzania, Indonesia, and Queensland, 

Australia; 32-45 m, not known to be associated with 

ascidiaceans. 

*Pontonides Borradaile, 1917 

Pontonides Borradaile, 1917:387 [type species, by monotypy: Pontonia 

maldivensis Borradaile, 1915:213; gender masculine]. 


eyes, unarmed dorsally, lateral carina expanded into broad 

supraocular eave; carapace about as wide as high, dorsal profile 

somewhat convex, anterior margin produced anteriorly as 

convex lobe, without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with 

antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin incomplete 

posteriorly; abdomen with pleura of 5th somite rounded 

or acute; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not 


curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines small; antennal scale well 

developed; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped without 

exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without slender median process; 

1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopod 

with chela not borne in vertical plane, fingers not provided with 

socket and plunger closure, movable finger not ventrad, not 

semicircular, 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and 

ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not bearing hoof-shaped 

protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing at least 1 

movable lateral spine. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Japan, Philippines, 

Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Caroline and 

Galapagos islands; associated with alcyonarian, scleractinian, 

and antipatharian corals. 

REMARKS.—The true identity of the Indo-Pacific species 

referred by Holthuis (1952c) and Fujino and Miyake (1969d) to 

Pontonides unciger—an apparent representative of which was 

collected at Albatross Station 5147—must await the revision of 

the genus suggested by Bruce (1978a:284). 

Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915 

Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, by monotypy: Pontoniopsis 

comanthi Borradaile, 1915:213; gender feminine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum sometimes overreaching anteriorly 

extended eyes, flattened dorsally, unarmed, lateral carina 

slightly expanded laterally but not forming broad supraocular 

eave; carapace with dorsal profile nearly straight, not lobate or 

dentate, anterior margin very slightly produced anteroventrally, 

not deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal 

suture, with antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital 

margin obscurely interrupted posteriorly, abdomen with pleuron 

of 5th somite narrowly rounded; telson not curving ventrad, 



robust; antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp; 




subdivided; 2nd pereopods dissimilar, unequal, movable finger 

not semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus 

and ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing hoof-shaped 

protuberance, biunguiculate; uropod with lateral branch bearing 

1 movable spine flanked by immovable tooth. 

RANGE.—Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea to the Gilbert, 

Marianna, and Fiji islands, and the Florida Keys in the western 

Atlantic. 

REMARKS.—The two nominate species assigned to this 

genus are quite distinct (see Gore, 1981, table 3) and are 

apparently associated with two different classes of echinoderms. 

172. Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915 

Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915:213 [type locality; Mabuaig, Torres 

Straits, on Comanthus].—Holthuis, 1952c: 153, figs. 70, 71.—Bruce, 

1981h:396, figs. 3D. 4, 5. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum lanceolate, compressed; antennal 

scale with distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin 

of blade; 3rd maxilliped without arthrobranch; 3rd pereopod 

distinctly biunguiculate; maximum postorbital carapace length 

about 1.2 mm. 

RANGE.—Gilbert, Marianna, and Fiji islands. 

*Thaumastocaris Kemp, 1922 

Thawnastocaris Kemp, 1922:244 [type species, by monotypy: Thaumastocaris 

streptopus Kemp, 1922:244; gender: feminine]. 


eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally throughout length 

and ventrally, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular 

or postocular eave; carapace slightly compressed laterally, 

dorsal profile nearly straight, 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series 

arising from gastric region, anterior margin not produced 



with antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin not 

interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite 

rounded; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not 


curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines long and strong; epistome 

not bearing paired, horn-like processes; antenna! scale well 

developed; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with 

exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 

1st pereopod with carpus subdivided; 2nd pereopods subsimilar 

but usually unequal, fingers not provided with socket and 

plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular, 3rd 


fused, dactyl biunguiculate but not bearing hoof-shaped 

protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing 1 movable 

spine flanked by immovable tooth. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa, Philippines, Indone-


sia, New Caledonia, and Caroline and Marshall islands; 

associated with sponges. 


*173. Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922 

Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922:244, figs. 78-80 [type locality: 

Noumea, New Caledonia].—Holthuis, 1952c:lll, figs. 46, 47.—Bruce and 

Svoboda. 1983:25, fig. 9. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum carapace 



sta 5136; 6°04'20 // N, 120°59'20"E; 40 m; sand, shells; 

14 Feb 1908 (0907-0927); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, 2 mud 

bags: 1 male [7.1]; sta 5145; 6°04'30"N, 12O°59'3O"E; 42 m; 

coral sand, shells; 15 Feb 1908 (1344-1359); 12' Agassiz beam 

trawl, mud bag: 1 ovig female [8.4].—Near Siasi, Sulu 

Archipelago; 5°41' 40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, 

shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, 

mud bag: 1 female [5.2]. 


REMARKS.—The first pereopods seem to be unusually 

variable in this species. In the male from Albatross station 

5136, both members of the pair are virtually identical, are more 

robust than the stouter one illustrated by Holthuis (1952c, fig. 

46b), overreach the antenna! scale by the length of the chela and 

about one-half of the carpus, and have only one distinct carpal 

articulation. In the ovigerous female from station 5145, they are 

very unequal: the right overreaches the antennal scale by 

slightly more than the length of the chela, is a little more robust 

than the one depicted by Holthuis (1952c, fig. 46b), and has 

two distinct carpal articulations; the left overreaches the 

antennal scale by the length of the chela and most of the carpus, 

is very like the one shown by Kemp (1922, fig. 80a), and has 

five carpal articulations. In the smaller female from station 

5147, they are also very dissimilar: the right overreaches the 

antennal scale by the length of the chela and most of the carpus, 

agrees fairly well with the one illustrated by Holthuis (1952c, 

fig. 4c), and has five carpal articulations; the left overreaches 

the antennal scale by the length of the chela and about 

two-thirds of the carpus, resembles the one in Holthuis (1952c, 

fig. 46b), and has two and one-half carpal articulations. In an 

ovigerous female with a carapace length of 4.8 mm collected in 

Oyster Pass, Iwayama Bay, Palau Islands by F.M. Bayer and 

identified by L.B. Holthuis (USNM 155130), the first 

pereopods are only slightly unequal and dissimilar, and both 

have four carpal articulations. In one of two males associated 

with a blue trumpet sponge at the same locality (USNM 

155131) with a carapace length of 4.3 mm, the first pereopods 

are subequal in length, but the right member of the pair is 

distinctly more slender than the left and has four distinct carpal 

articulations, in contrast with only one articulation on the left 

side. The other male, with a carapace length of only 3.0 mm, 

has the first pereopods subequal in length, but the right is 

slightly more robust and has only three distinct carpal 

articulations, as compared with four on the left side. 

Eyed eggs, apparently nearly ready to hatch, in the female, 

measure about 0.6 mm in major diameter. 

*Vir Holthuis, 1952 

Vir Holthuis, 1952c:4, 8, 29 [type specimen, by monotypy: Palaemonella 

orientalis Dana, 1852a:26; gender masculine.] 


eyes, compressed laterally, armed at least dorsally throughout 

length, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or 

postocular eave; carapace subcylindrical, dorsal profile nearly 

straight, with or without 1 tooth of dorsal rostral series on 

gastric region, anterior margin not produced anteroventrally as 

prominent convex lobe and not deeply concave (notched), 

without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with antennal 

spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin not interrupted 

posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of fifth somite rounded; 

telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, 

median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not robust;; 

antennal scale well developed; mandible with inconspicuous 

palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite with 

slender median process; 1st pereopod with with carpus entire, 

not subdivided; second pereopods similar, fingers not provided 


semicircular, 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and 

ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not bearing hoof-shaped 

protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing 1 movable 

lateral spine flanked by immovable tooth. 

RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Andaman Islands, South China 

Sea, Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, Great Barrier Reef of 

Australia, Marianna and Fiji islands and Hawaii; associated 

with corals. 

REMARKS.—Both known species of Vir have Philippine type 

localities. 

•174. Vir orientalis (Dana, 1852) 

Palaemonella orientalis Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Sulu Sea].—Kemp, 

1922:131, figs. 9-11. 

Vir orientalis.—Holthuis, 1952c:30. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Dorsal antennular flagellum with branches 

fused for about 6 articles; 2nd pereopod with palm about 2 ! /2 

times as long as wide and carpus 0.6 as long as palm; 3rd 

pereopod with propodus 7 times as long as wide; maximum 

postorbital carapace length about 3.3 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Rapu Rapu Island, Lagonoy 

Gulf; [13°12'N, 124°09'E]; 3-4'/2 m; sand, coral; 22 Jun 1909 

91300-1800) dynamite: 1 male [2.1]. 

RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Andaman Islands, South China 

Sea, Philippines, Marianna and Fiji islands, and Hawaii. 

REMARKS.—The single male specimen from the Albatross 

collections differs from Kemp's figures in having eight, rather

132 

than seven, dorsal rostral teeth, with the posteriormost tooth 

situated immediately above, rather than posterior to, the 

posterior orbital margin, and each finger of the 2nd pereopod 

armed with two low but distinct teeth. 

175. Vir Philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984 

Vir philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:87, figs. 1-4 [type locality: Cebu, 

Philippines; associated with scleractinian coral Plerogyra]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Dorsal antennular flagellum with branches 

fused for 12 or 13 articles; 2nd pereopod with palm about 3'/2 

times as long as wide and carpus 0.8 as long as palm; 3rd 

pereopod with propodus 11 '/2 times as long as wide; maximum 


RANGE.—Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, and Great Barrier 

Reef of Australia; associated with corals. 

•ANCHISTIOIDIDAE Borradaile, 1915 

ANCHISTIOID1DAE Borradaile, 1915:205. 

ANCHISTIOIDINAE Gurney, 1938:2, 41.—Bruce. 1986a:467-469. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without lateral suture; telson typically 

with 1 pair of stout posterior spines; antennule with 2 

completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch; mandible 

with incisor process, without palp; 1st maxilla with mesial 

coxal lobe not unusually large; 2nd maxilla without endites; 

2nd maxilliped with marginal setae on distal segment not 

unusually stout or dense; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate 

segment neither articulated with nor much wider than next 

proximal segment; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median 

process; fingers of chelipeds not pectinate; 2nd pereopod with 

dactyl not distinctly serrate on extensor margin; all pleopods 

with appendices internae, at least in male; 2nd pleopod with 

appendix masculina in male. 

RANGE.—Red Sea and Madagascar to Japan, Philippines, 

Indonesia, Australia, and Tuamotu Archipelago. 

REMARKS.—There is little doubt that recognition of this 

family is justified by the larval characters described by Gumey 

(1936) and by the typical dentition of the telson and the form of 

the endopod of the first pleopod of the adult. 

Only one genus is recognized. 

*Anchistioides Paulson, 1875 

Anchistioides Paulson, 1875:115 [type species, by monotypy: Anchistioides 

compressus Paulson, 1875:115; gender: masculine]. 

Palaemonopsis Borradaile. 1899:410 [type species, by monotypy: 

Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1899:410; gender: feminine. Invalid 

junior homonym of Palaemonopsis Stimpson, 1871 (Crustacea)]. 

Amphipalaemon Nobili, l90la:5 [substitute name for Palaemonopsis Borradaile, 

1899; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of the family. 

RANGE.—See "Range" of family. 

REMARKS.—Because of persistent uncertainty about the 


validity and variability of the following nominal species of 

Anchistioides, the compilation of a useful key to the valid 

species is nearly as difficult today as it was when it was last 

attempted by Gordon (1935:345): 

Periclimenes antiguensis Schmitt, 1924b:84 

Type locality: English Harbour, Antigua, Lesser Antilles; 

surface 

Amphipalaemon australiensis 

See below 

Periclimenes barbadensis Schmitt, 1924b, pi. 3 

Type locality: English Harbour, Antigua, Lesser Antilles; 

surface 

= P. antiguensis Schmitt, 1924 

Anchistioides compressus Paulson, 1875:115 

Type locality: Red Sea 

Amphipalaemon cooperi Borradaile, 1915:209 

Type locality: South Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands 

? = Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1899 

Amphipalaemon gardineri Borradaile, 1915:209 

Type locality: North Male Atoll, Maldive Islands 

? = Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1899 

Amphipalaemon Seurati Nobili, 1906a:259 

Type locality: "Tearia," Tuamotu Archipelago; 22 meters 

Palaemonopsis willeyi 

See below. 

176. Anchistioides australiensis (Balss, 1921)? 

Amphipalaemon australiensis Balss, 1921b: 11, figs. 3-6 [type locality: 45 

miles west-southwest of Cape Jaubert, Western Australia; 20 meters]. 

Anchistioides australiensis.—Bruce, 1971g:24, fig. 6. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with 7 or 8 dorsal and 3 ventral teeth; 

carapace with sharp postorbital tooth; antennal scale with blade 

tapering to base of distolateral tooth, not angularly produced; 

2nd pereopod with fingers distinctly longer than palm; 

maximum postorbital carapace length 13 mm. 

RANGE.—The specimen assigned to A. australiensis by 

Bruce (1971g) came from a depth of 9 meters in the Arafura 

Sea off Sungai Buaja, West New Guinea, while the type 

specimens of A. australiensis were found in 20 meters in the 

extreme eastern part of the Indian Ocean off Cape Jaubert, 

Western Australia. 

REMARKS.—There is a possibility that the specimen from the 

Arafura Sea represents an undescribed species, rather than the 

one described by Balss. It is fully three times as large as the 

Australian specimens, having a postorbital carapace length of 

13.0 mm, as opposed to 4 mm. It is armed postorbitally with a 

sharp tooth directed anteriorly, which seems to be obsolescent 

in Australian specimens. The telson is unarmed dorsally and 

bears a pair of "short, stout, intermediate" posterior spines, 

whereas Balss (1921b, fig. 4) shows two pairs of rather long 

dorsolateral spines in the anterior half of the telson and a pair of 

long, slender, intermediate posterior spines. Perhaps most 

significant is the fact that the blade of the antennal scale tapers


to the base of the distolateral tooth (Bruce, 1971g, fig. 9c), 

instead of forming an angular distal projection, as in all other 

described species of the genus. Such a projection seems to be 

indicated by Balss, 1921b, fig. 3) and distinctly by Gordon 

(1935, fig. 23d), presumably from one of the type specimens of 

A. australiensis. 

*177. Anchistioides willeyi (Borradaile, 1899) 

Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1900:410, pis. 36, 37: fig. 7. 

Anchistioides willeyi.—Gordon, 1935:344, figs. 23a, 24a.—Holthuis, 

1952c:214, figs. 106, 107.—Bruce, 1971g:22, fig. 8; 1978a:285, fig. 44. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically with 6-8 dorsal and 3 or 4 

ventral teeth; carapace with blunt postorbital tooth; antennal 

scale with blade angularly produced, not overreaching distolateral 

tooth; 2nd pereopod with fingers slightly longer than 

palm; maximum postorbital carapace length 10.5 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Romblon Island, Sibuyan 

Sea; sta 5179; 12°38'15"N, 122°12'30"E; 68 m; hard sand; 

24.3°; 25 Mar 1908 (1049-1104); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, 3 

mud bags: 1 male [7.8] 1 ovig female [9.2].—Western Basilan 

Strait, southwest of Zamboanga Peninsula, Mindanao; sta 

5134; 6°44'45"N, 121 °44'45"N, 121°48'E; 46 m; fine sand; 7 

Feb 1908 (0722-0742); 9' Tanner beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male 

[10.5].—Off Tawitawi, Sulu Archipelago; sta 5151; 

5°24'40"N, 120°27'15"E; coarse sand, shells; 18 Feb 1908 

(1307-1327); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 2 males [7.9, 

9.4].—Tumindao Reef (south end), Sulu Archipelago; [4°42'N, 

119°19'E]; scattered clumps of coral; 26 Feb 1908; electric 

light; 1 male [5.2] 1 female [6.4]. 

RANGE.—Madagascar to Philippines, Indonesia, New Britain, 

and Great Barrier Reef of Australia. 

REMARKS.—There seems to be good likelihood that Gordon 

(1935:344, 345), who compared type specimens of A. willeyi, 

A. cooperi, A. gardineri, and A. australiensis, was correct in 

believing that these four species are conspecific, but complete 

confirmation must await the availability of additional collections. 

Somewhat less certain is the possibility that the four 

Madagascar specimens with long rostra, rostral formulae of 

8-13/6, and unusually long fingers of the second pereopod 

(Bruce, 1978a:286, 287), belong to that species, and the 

Albatross material does little to clarify the situation. Both 

specimens of the pair collected at Station 5179, in the Sibuyan 

Sea, seem to be typical of A. willeyi, with a rostral formula of 

6/3 and the fingers of the second chela 1.1 times as long as the 

palm. The male from Basilan Strait (Station 5134) has a rostral 

formula of 9/4, but the fingers of the second chela are barely as 

long, comparatively, as those of the typical form. The smaller 

male from off Tawitawi (Station 5151), has a rostral formula of 

9/3, but the second chelipeds are missing; the larger male has a 

rostral formula of 10/3 but the fingers and palm of the second 

cheliped are subequal. The male from Tumindao Reef has a 

rostral formula of 9/4 but the second chelipeds are lacking; the 

female has a rostral formula of 6/3 and the fingers of the second 

cheliped very slightly longer than the palm. In other words, 

four of the seven Philippine specimens have nine or ten dorsal 

rostral teeth, but in none of the four do the fingers of the 

second cheliped approach the length of nearly one and one-half 

times the length of the palm illustrated by Bruce (1978a, 

fig. 44B). 

GNATHOPHYLLIDAE Dana, 1852 

GNATHOPHYLLINAE Dana, 1852a: 16. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without longitudinal suture; telson 

with 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior margin; antennule with 

2 completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch; 

mandible without palp, with incisor process vestigial or absent; 

1st maxilla with mesial coxal lobe unusually large, mesial basal 

lobe reduced; 2nd maxilla without endites; 1st maxilliped with 

exopodal lash; 2nd maxilliped with distal segment bearing 

dense marginal row of stout setae; 3rd maxilliped with 

antepenultimate segment broad, at least proximally; fingers of 

chelipeds not pectinate; 2nd pereopod with dactyl not distinctly 

serrate on extensor margin; 1st pleopod without appendix 

interna on endopod; 2nd pleopod with appendix masculina in 

male. 

RANGE.—Pantropical and subtropical; sometimes associated 

with sea urchins. 

REMARKS.—Comparison of the 12 species representing four 

genera currently assigned to the family Gnathophyllidae 

reveals a homogeneity, especially in the anterior mouthparts, 

that seems to deny the proposed absorption of the heterogeneous 

palaemonid pontoniines into the family. The mandible is 

devoid of a palp in Gnathophylloides mineri and Levicaris 

mammilata (Edmondson, 1931); a vestigial incisor process is 

indicated in Gnathophylloides robustus, Gnathophyllum, and 

Pycnocaris. The first maxilla displays a very large mesial coxal 

lobe and a reduced mesial basal lobe in the two species of 

Gnathophylloides, in Gnathophyllum, and in Levicaris, with 

slightly less massive proportions in Pycnocaris. In all four 

genera, the second maxilla lacks endites. The first maxilliped is 

provided with a well-developed exopodal lash, and the caridean 

lobe is unusually produced in Gnathophylloides, Gnathophyllum, 

and Levicaris, being somewhat more broadly rounded in 

Pycnocaris. In the second maxilliped, on the other hand, 

disparity is rampant, reaching an extreme in the compact, 

five-segmented second maxilliped of Gnathophyllum; even in 

this appendage, however, there is structural similarity between 

the example in Levicaris—which is proportionately longer than 

the second maxilliped of any other decapod—and the tiny 

counterpart in Gnathophylloides mineri. There is discrepancy, 

also, between the operculate third maxillipeds of Gnathophylloides 

mineri, Gnathophyllum, and Pycnocaris and the more 

slender antepenultimate segments of that appendage in 

Gnathophylloides robustus and Levicaris. 

The following key may serve to distinguish these four 

genera.

134 

Key to Genera of Gnathophyllidae 


1. Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 2 

Third pereopod with dactyl basally broad, subtriangular, armed with single 

extensodistal spine 3 

2. Rostrum dentate dorsally; telson bearing 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior margin; 

3rd pereopod with extensor tooth of dactyl longer than flexor tooth 

Gnathophyllum 

Rostrum unarmed; telson bearing 1 pair of stout, downcurved spines on posterior 

margin; 3rd pereopod with flexor tooth of dactyl longer than extensor tooth 

Pycnocaris Bruce, 1972g:50 

(Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean; seaward 

flats, associated with holothurians) 

3. Second maxilliped conventional, not elongate Gnathophylloides 

Second maxilliped remarkably elongate, overreaching 1 st pereopod 

Levicaris Bruce, 1973f:28 

(Ryukyu and Marshall islands, and Hawaii; 

associated with echinoids Heterocentrotus) 

Gnathophylloides Schmitt, 1933 

Gnathophylloides Schmitt, 1933:5 [type species, by monotypy: Gnathophylloides 

mined Schmitt, 1933:7; gender: masculine]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with dorsal teeth; telson with 3 pairs 

of spines on posterior margin; 2nd maxilliped not unusually 

elongate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl composed of subtriangular 

lamina bearing extensodistal spine. 

RANGE.—Zanzibar, Seychelles, Western Australia, Hawaii, 

and western Atlantic; associated with echinoids. 

REMARKS.—Neither of the two currently recognized species 

of Gnathophylloides has been recorded from the Philippine- 

Indonesian region, but it is probable that they will eventually be 

found there. They are comparatively characterized in Bruce 

(1973f:27). 

178. Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt, 1933 

Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt, 1933:7, fig. 3 [type locality: Ensenada, 

Puerto Rico]; 1935:167, fig. 31.—Bruce, 1974e:313, fig. 1. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching eyes; carapace 

rounded anteroventrally; telson with lateral margin convex, 

posterior margin not bilobed, without posteromedian carina; 

eyestalk not extending distally beyond cornea; antennal scale 

widest in proximal l /2, lateral margin distinctly concave; 

mandible without trace of incisor process; 2nd maxilliped with 

2 distal segments, together, subquadrate; 3rd maxilliped with 

antepenultimate segment 1 3 A times as long as wide in proximal 

'/2, lateral margin slightly convex, exopod longer than 

endopod; 1st pereopod without acute distal prolongation on 

basis; 2nd pereopod with chela about 3 times as long as wide, 

movable finger unarmed on opposable margin; color pattern of 

single wide longitudinal stripe of dark brown or black; 


RANGE.—Zanzibar, Seychelles, New South Wales, Australia, 

Tonga Islands, Hawaii, and western Atlantic from Florida 

to Yucatan and Grenadines: associated with echinoids 

Tripneustes. 

179. Gnathophylloides robustus Bruce, 1973 

Gnathophylloides robustus Bruce, 1973f:17, figs. 1-7 [type locality: off Point 

Moore, Geraldton, Western Australia; associated with echinoid Centrostephanus 

in 3 meters]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching eyes; carapace acute 

anteroventrally; telson with lateral margins nearly straight, 

posterior margin bilobed, with short posteromedian carina; 

eyestalk produced distally beyond cornea; antennal scale with 

margins subparallel, lateral margin nearly straight; mandible 

with vestige of incisor process; 2nd maxilliped with 2 distal 

segments, together, elongate triangular; 3rd maxilliped with 

antepenultimate segment 3 3 A times as long as wide, lateral 

margin distinctly concave, exopod shorter than endopod; 1st 

pereopod with acute distal prolongation on basis; 2nd pereopod 

with chela about 5 times as long as wide, movable finger with 

single tooth on opposable margin; color pattern of fine 

longitudinal red stripes; maximum postorbital carapace length 

6.2 mm. 

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality off Western 

Australia; associated with echinoid, Centrostephanus. 

REMARKS.—Because of the numerous differences, especially 

in the second and third maxillipeds, between the two 

species assigned to Gnathophylloides, G. robustus may qualify 

as a distinct genus, unless intermediate forms eventually 

appear. 

Gnathophyllum Latreille, 1819 

Gnatophyllum Latreille, 1819:72 [type species, selected by H. Milne Edwards 

in Cuvier, 1837, pi. 52: fig. 2: Alpheus elegans Risso, 1816:92; gender 

neuter]. 

Gnathophyllum Desmarest, 1823:322-324 [emendation of Gnatophyllum 

Latreille, 1819]. 

Drimo Risso, 1827:70 [type species, by monotypy: Alpheus Elegans Risso, 

1816:92; gender: masculine].

NUMBER 543 I35 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with dorsal teeth; telson with 2 or 3 with echinoids. 

pairs of spines on posterior margin; 2nd maxilliped short and REMARKS.—Eight currently recognized species of Gnathobroad; 

3rd maxilliped operculate; 3rd pereopod biunguiculate. phyllum, covered in the following key, are remarkably similar 

RANGE.—Pantropical and subtropical; sometimes associated morphologically but most display diagnostic color patterns. 

Key to Species of Gnathophyllum 

1. Posterior tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to level of 

posterior orbital margin; nearly uniformly dark colored with or without pale 

transverse stripes 2 

Posterior tooth of dorsal rostral series situated directly above or posterior to level of 

posterior orbital margin; color pattern consisting of spots, either few large, 

discretely distributed, and encircled with dark pigment or numerous small, 

crowded, not peripherally accentuated 3 

2. Cornea of eye distinctly ogival; 3rd pereopod usually more slender, merus 3.2-6.5 

times as long as wide; carapace and abdomen, except for 6th somite and telson, 

dark brown with whitish transverse stripes-6 on carapace, 10 on 5 anterior 

abdominal somites; ovigerous females with portorbital carapace length 

2.3-4.4 mm 180. G. americanum 

Cornea of eye with or without distinct distal papilla; 3rd pereopod usually stouter, 

merus 2.9-4.0 times as long as wide; carapace and abdomen usually uniformly 

blackish, fading on posterior x li of telson; ovigerous females with postorbital 

carapace length 1.8-2.3 mm 

G. ascensione Manning and Chace, 1990:11, figs. 5, 6, 8 

(Ascension Island, South Atlantic; 

probably associated with echinoids) 

3. Telson with posterior pair of lateral spines situated so far posteriorly as to be hardly 

distinguishable from true posterior spines; color pattern consisting of few large 

spots encircled with dark pigment 4 

Telson with posterior pair of lateral spines variably but distinctly removed anteriorly 

from posterior spines; color pattern consisting of numerous small, crowded spots 

not bounded by dark color 5 

4. Pereopods slender, dactyl of 3rd pair with accessory tooth on flexor margin sharply 

acute, propodus more than 12 times as long as wide; color brown marked with 

discrete darker reddish brown circles 

G. circellum Manning, 1963:54, figs. 3, 4 

(Florida Keys and Bahamas, western Atlantic; 

cryptic in coral heads to depth of 6 meters) 

Pereopods stouter, dactyl of 3rd pair with accessory tooth on flexor margin broadly 

rather than sharply acute, propodus less than 8 times as long as wide; color orange 

marked with cream-colored spots outlined in dark brown or black 

G. splendens Chace and Fuller, 1971:493, figs. 1-5 

(Puerto Rico, western Atlantic) 

5. Antennular peduncle with stylocerite overreaching distal margin of 1st segment 

6 

Antennular peduncle with stylocerite not reaching level of distal margin of 1st 

segment 7 

6. Rostrum armed with 4 or more dorsal teeth; principal color pattern consisting of light 

spots on dark brown background G. panamense Faxon, 1893:198 

(Gulf of California, Panama, Galapagos 

Islands; tidepools to 20 meters) 

Rostrum armed with only 2 dorsal teeth; principal color pattern consisting of brown 

spots on light yellow background G. precipuum Titgen, 1989:203 

(Hawaii; 9-12 meters)

136 


7. Brown color not extending as far as anterior margin of carapace ventral to antennal 

spine G. elegans (Risso, 1816:92, pi. 2: fig. 4) 

(Mediterranean and Azores, Madeira, 

and Canary islands; 2-10 meters) 

Brown color extending to entire anterior margin of carapace ventral to antennal spine 

G. modestum Hay, 1917:395, fig. 14 

(North Carolina and Florida Keys, western 

Atlantic; to a depth of 27 meters) 

180. GnathophyUum americanum Guerin-Meneville, 1855 

Gnathophyllum americanum Gue'rin-Me'neville, 1855:viii, pi. 2: fig. 14 [type 

locality: Cuba].—Holthuis, 1949b:244, figs. 5, 6.—Manning, 1963:58, figs. 

5, 6.—Bruce, 1975f:25, fig. 12 [color].—Manning and Chace, 1990:12, 13, 

fig. 7. 

Gnathophyllum fasciolatum Stimpson, 1860:28 [type locality: Port Jackson, 

Australia]. 

Gnathophyllum zebra Richters, 1880:161, pi. 17: figs. 18-20,22 [type locality: 

Hot Fouquets, Mauritius]. 

Gnathophyllum pallidum Ortmann, 1890:537 [type locality: Tahiti]. 

Gnathophyllum tridens Nobili, 1906a: 259 [type locality: Rikitea, Tuamotu 

Archipelago; outer reef]. 

Gnathophyllum minuscularium Armstrong, 1940:9, fig. 4C-K [type locality: 

The Reach, St George Island, Bermuda; surface]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum armed with 3-5 dorsal teeth, posterior 

tooth of series situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to level 

of posterior orbital margin; telson with posterior pair of lateral 

spines variably but distinctly removed anteriorly from posterior 

spines; cornea of eye distinctly papillate distally; antennular 

peduncle with stylocerite reaching about to level of articulation 

with 2nd segment; 3rd pereopod slender, merus 3V4-6V2 times 

as long as wide; carapace and abdomen, except for 6th somite 

and telson, dark brown with whitish transverse stripes-6 on 

carapace, 10 on 5 anterior abdominal somites; ovigerous 

females with postocular carapace length of 2.3-4.4 mm. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to South Africa and eastward through 

Indo-Pacific region to Tuamotu Archipelago, western Atlantic 

from Bermuda and southern Florida throughout Gulf of Mexico 

and Caribbean Sea, eastern Atlantic from Canary Islands; to a 

depth of 50 meters, occasionally associated with echinoderms 

and has even "been observed browsing on the papulae of 

several asteroids by means of the highly modified outer 

maxillipeds." (Bruce, 1975f:27). 

"HYMENOCERIDAE Ortmann, 1890 

HYMENOCERIDAE Ortmann, 1890:511. 

Key to Genera and Species of Hymenoceridae 

DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without longitudinal suture; telson 

with 2 pairs of spines on posterior margin; antennule with 2 

completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch, sometimes 

foliaceous; mandible without palp or incisor process; 1st 

maxilla with mesial coxal lobe not unusually large, mesial 

basal lobe not reduced; 2nd maxilla with vestigial endite; 1st 

maxilliped with exopodal lash; 2nd maxilliped with marginal 

setae on distal segment not especially stout or dense; 3rd 

maxilliped with antepenultimate segment articulated with and 

distinctly wider than next proximal segment; 2nd pereopod 

with chela compressed toward flexor margin, sometimes 

foliaceously so, dactyl sometimes serrate on extensor margin; 

1st pleopod without appendix interna on endopod; 2nd pleopod 

with appendix masculina in male. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to South Africa and eastward through 

Indonesia and entire Pacific to Panama. 

REMARKS.—The fact that the three foliaceous distal segments 

of the third maxilliped are articulated, rather than fused, 

with the next proximal segment seems sufficient reason to 

resurrect Ortmann's familial designation of the three remarkable 

species in two genera recognized herein and characterized 

in the following key. 

Antennule with lateral (fused) flagellum greatly expanded into foliaceous form; 3rd 

maxilliped with penultimate segment wider than antepenultimate; 2nd pereopod 

with flexor margin of chela greatly expanded foliaceously 

*181. Hymenocera picta 

Antennule with both flagella conventional, not foliaceous; 3rd maxilliped with 

penultimate segment narrower than antepenultimate; 2nd pereopod with chela 

compressed and serrate on flexor margin but not foliaceous 

Phyllognathia Borradaile, 1915 2


2. Rostrum slender, not expanded ventrally; eye slightly ogival; antennular peduncle 

with margins of basal segment subparallel, stylocerite overreaching midlength of 

segment; antennal scale with subparallel margins; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate 

segment longer than wide; 2nd pereopod with dactyl serrate on extensor 

margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 

P. ceratophthalma (Balss, 1913:234) 

(Maldive Islands, Japan, and 

Great Barrier Reef of Australia) 

Rostrum deeply expanded ventrally; eye strongly and sharply produced distally; 

antennular peduncle with basal segment tapering distally, stylocerite not nearly 

reaching midlength of segment; antennal scale tapering distally; 3rd maxilliped 

with antepenultimate segment wider than long, 2nd pereopod with dactyl unarmed 

on extensor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple 

P. simplex Fujino, 1973b:90, figs. 1-3 

(Papua New Guinea, Japan, and Great 

Barrier Reef of Australia; 40-50 meters) 

*Hymenocera Latreille, 1819 

Hymenocera Latreille, 1819:71 [type species, designated under plenary powers 

of International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: Hymenocera 

picta Dana, 1852b:593; gender: feminine]. 

Nematophyllum Bleeker, 1856:37 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 

1952d:345: Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852b:593; gender: neuter]. 

DIAGNOSIS.—Antennule with lateral flagellum greatly expanded 

foliaceously; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate segment 

wider than antepenultimate; 2nd pereopod with flexor margin 

of chela greatly expanded foliaceously. 

RANGE.—Red Sea to Zululand and eastward through 

Philippines and Indonesia to Hawaii, Tuamotus, and Panama; 

preying on starfishes. 

REMARKS.—Debelius (1984:53) is the most recent author to 

recognize two species of harlequin shrimps. He based that 

conclusion on the fact that the Indian Ocean form is spotted 

with brown encircled with bright blue, while the Pacific form 

has wine-red spots. In the absence of apparent morphological 

differences and even of dissimilarities in the configuration of 

the spots in illustrations by Debelius and others-except for a 

sexual difference in "the second color patch on the side of the 

abdomen" (Wickler, 1973:225), we are disposed to treat those 

populations as representing color phases of a single species 

until there is evidence of more definitive taxonomic distinctions. 

Such evidence might be no more noticeable than minor 

but consistent disparity in the color pattern, as in Lysmata 

amboinensis (De Man, 1888) and L. grabhami (Gordon, 1935) 

(see Manning and Chace, 1990:23). 

*181. Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852 

Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852b:593; 1855, pi. 39: fig. 3 [type locality: Raraka, 

Tuamotu Archipelago].—Wickler, 1973:225, figs. 1-3.—Debelius, 

1984:53, 54 [color photos]. 

Hlymenocera] elegans Heller, 1861:25 [type locality: Tor (Gulf of Suez)]; 

1962c:264, pi. 3: figs. 9-14.—Debelius, 1984:53-55 [color photos]. 

Hlymenocera] latreillii Sharp, 1893:119 [Indian region; Gu£rin-M£neville 

nomen nudum]. 


carapace length nearly 10 mm. 

MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Tataan, Simalac, off Tawitawi, 

Sulu Archipelago; 19 Feb 1908: 1 male [3.7]. 


REMARKS.—See "Remarks" on genus.

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1972f. A Review of Information upon the Coral Hosts of Commensal 

Shrimps of the Sub-Family Pontoniinae, Kingsley, 1878 (Crustacea, 1976b. 

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1972g. Pycnocaris chagoae gen. nov.. sp. nov., a New Shrimp from the 

Chagos Archipelago (Decapoda Natantia, Gnathophyllidae). Crustaceana. 

23(l):5O-64, figures 1-7. 

1973a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXIV: Dasycaris zanziba- 1976d. 

rica sp. nov. from the Western Indian Ocean, with Remarks on Other 

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1973b. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXII: Pliopontonia 1977a. 

furtiva gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Shrimp Associated with a 

Coralliomorph Zoantharian. Crustaceana. 24(l):97-109, figures 1977b. 

1-5. plate 1. 

1973c. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXIII: Tectopontonia 

maziwiae gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Coral Associate from 1977c. 

Tanganyika (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 24(2): 169- 

180. figures 1-4. 

1973d. Typton australis sp. nov., a New Pontoniinid Shrimp from the Great 1977d. 

Barrier Reef. Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, 

28(12):253-263, figures 1-4. 

1973e. The Pontoniinid Shrimps Collected by the Yale Seychelles Expedi- 1977e. 

tion, 1957-1958 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 

24(1): 132-142, figures 1,2. 

1973f. Gnathophylloides robustus sp. nov., a New Commensal Shrimp from 1977f. 

Western Australia, with the Designation of a New Genus Levicaris 

(Decapoda, Caridea). Crustaceana. 24( 1): 17-32, figures 1 -9. 1977g. 

1974a. Coralliocaris viridis sp. nov., a Preliminary Note (Decapoda 

Natantia. Pontoniinae). Crustaceana, 26(2):222, 1 figure. 

1974b. Periclimenes insolitus sp. nov. (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae), a 1977h. 

New Commensal Shrimp from Waikiki Beach, Oahu, Hawaii. 1977i. 

Crustaceana. 26(3):293-307. figures 1-8. 

1974c. Observations upon Some Specimens of the Genus Periclimenaeus 1977j. 

Borradaile (Decapoda, Natantia, Pontoniinae) Originally Described 

by G. Nobili. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 

series 3, 258 (Zoologie 180): 1557-1583, figures 1-15. 1978a. 

1974d. A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniinid Shrimps from the 

Island of Farquhar (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 

27(2): 189-203. figures 1-8. 1978b. 

I974e. The Occurrence of Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt (Decapoda, 

Natantia. Gnathophyllidae) in the Indian Ocean. Crustaceana, 

26(3):3I3-3I5. figure I. 1978c. 

1975a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXVI: Neoanchistus 

cardiodytes gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Mollusc-Associated Shrimp 1978d. 

from Madagascar (Decapoda. Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 

29(2): 149-165. figures 1-7. 

1975b. Further Observations on the Indo-West Pacific Species of the Genus 1978e. 

Palaemonella Dana, 1852 (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae). Crustaceana. 

29(2): 169-185. figures 1-7. 

1975c. Periclimenes colemani sp. nov.. a New Shrimp Associate of a Rare 1978f. 

Sea Urchin from Heron Island. Queensland (Decapoda Natantia. 

Pontoniinae). Records of the Australian Museum, 29(18):486-501. 

figures 1-8. 1979a. 

1975d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XXV: Further Observations 

upon Periclimenes noverca Kemp. 1922. with the Designation 

of a New Genus Zenopontonia. and Some Remarks upon Periclime- 1979b. 

nes parasitic us Borradaile (Decapoda Natantia, Palaemonidae). 

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I975e. Pontoma armata H. Milne Edwards (Decapoda Natantia. Pon- 1979c. 

toniinae)—A Correction. Crustaceana. 29(l):49-54. figures 1-3. 


Coral Reef Shrimps and Their Colour Patterns. Endeavour, 

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Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXVII: Apopontonia 

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311, figures 1 -5. 

A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from the 

Northern Indian Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biological Association 

of India, 1974 [1976], 16(2):437-454. 

A Report on Some Pontoniinid Shrimps Collected from the 

Seychelle Islands by the F.R.V. Manihine, 1972, with a Review of 

the Seychelles Pontoniinid Shrimp Fauna. Zoological Journal of the 

Linnean Society. 59:89-153, figures 1-30. 

A Report on a Small Collection of Shrimps from the Kenya National 

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Zoologische Verhandelingen Uitgegeven door het Rijksmuuseum 

van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden,\45:l-72, figures 1-23. 

Pontoniine Shrimps in the Collections of the Australian Museum. 

Records of the Australian Museum, 31(2):39-81, figures 1-16. 

Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXIX: Epipontonia 

spongicola gen. nov., sp. nov., from Wasin Island, Kenya. 

Crustaceana, 32(3):3O4-315, figures 1-5. 

Periclimenes kororensis sp. nov., an Unusual Shrimp Associate of 

the Fungi id Coral Heliofungia actiniformis. Micronesica, 13(1):33- 

43, figures 1 -4. 

Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXVIII: Typton wasini sp. 

nov., from Wasin Island, Kenya. Crustaceana, 32(3):272-285, 

figures 1-7. 

The Occurrence of Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan) (Decapoda 

Natantia, Pontoniinae) in Queensland, Australia. Crustaceana, 

33( 1):97-100, figure 1. 

A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from 

Queensland, Australia. Crustaceana, 33(2): 167-181, figures 1-10. 

The Possible Identity of Coralliocaris macrophthalma (H. Milne 

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32(2):2O3-2O5, figure 1. 

Shrimps that Live on Corals. Oceans, l(2):70-75, illustrated. 

The Hosts of the Coral-Associated Indo-West-Pacific Pontoniine 

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A Report on a Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from Madagascar 

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Paranchistus pycnodontae sp. nov. a New Pontoniine Shrimp 

Associated with an Ostreid Bivalve Host. Memoirs of the Queensland 

Museum, 18(2):233-24O. figures 1-5, plate 39. 

Typton crosslandi sp. nov., a New Pontoniine Shrimp, from the 

Galapagos Islands. Crustaceana. 35(3):294-300, figures 1 -3. 

Pontoniinid Shrimps from the Ninth Cruise of R/V Anton Bruun, 

IIOE, 1964, II: The Remaining Genera. Bulletin of Marine Science. 

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Periclimenes soror Nobili, a Pontoniin Shrimp New to the American 

Fauna, with Observations on Its Indo-West Pacific Distribution. 

Tethys, 8(4)[1976]:299-306, figures 1-6. 

The Re-examination of Some Pontoniine Shrimp Types First 

Described by LA. Borradaile (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 

34(3):251-268, figures 1-9. 

Ctenopontonia cyphastreophila. a New Genus and Species of Coral 

Associated Pontoniine Shrimp from Eniwetok Atoll. Bulletin of 

Marine Science. 29(3):423-435. figures 1-7. 

Onycocaris anomala sp. nov., a New Pontoniine Shrimp from the 

Northern Territory. Australia. Records of the Australian Museum. 

32(2):69-79. figures 1-4. 

Onycocaris furculata sp. nov., a New Pontoniine Shrimp from La 

Reunion. Cahiers de i Indo-Pacifique, l(3):323-334, figures 1-4.


1979d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXI: Peridimenes 

magniftcus sp. nov., a Coelenterate Associate from the Capricorn 1983d. 

Islands (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Cruslaceana. Supplement 

5:195-208. figures 1-6, plate 1. 1984a. 

1979e. A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from 

Eniwetok Atoll. Cruslaceana. Supplement 5:209-230, figures 1-7, 

plate 1. 1984b. 

1979f. Records of Some Pontoniine Shrimps from the South China Sea. 

Cahiers de ilndo-Pacifique, l(2):215-248. 1985a. 

1980a. On Some Pontoniine Shrimps from Noumea, New Caledonia. 

Cahiers de ilndo-Pacifique, 2(1): 1-39, figures 1-14. 

1980b. Notes on Some Indo-Pacifique Pontoniinae, XXXIII: Periclime- 1985b. 

naeus diplosomatis sp. nov., an Ascidian Associate from Heron 

Island, Australia. Crustaceana, 39(1):39-51, figures 1-6. 

1981a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXVIII: Apopontonia 

dubia sp. nov., from a Southern Queensland Sponge Host. 1985c. 


1981b. Onycocaridella prima. New Genus, New Species, a New Pontoniine 1986a. 

Sponge-Associate from the Capricorn Islands, Australia (Decapoda, 

Caridea, Pontoniinae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1(2):241- 

250, figures 1-6. 1986b. 

1981c. Decapod Crustacea: Pontoniinae. In Resultats des campagnes 

MUSORSTOM, I: Philippines (18-28 Mars 1976). Mimoires 

ORSTOM, 91:189-215, figures 1-18. 1986c. 

1981d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXVI: Pontonia ardeae 

sp. nov., a New Bivalve Associate from the Capricorn Islands 

(Decapoda, Natantia). Crustaceana, 40(2): 113-126, figures 1986d. 

1-8. 

1981e. Pontoniine Shrimps of Heron Island. Atoll Research Bulletin, 

245:1-33. 

198If. Some Pontoniine Shrimps from the Solomon Islands. Micronesica. 1986e. 

16(2):261-269, figure 1. 

1981g. Pontoniine Shrimps from Viti Levu, Fijian Islands. Micronesica. 

17(l-2):77-95, figures 1-11. 1986f. 

1981h. Pontoniine Shrimps from the Great Astrolabe Reef, Fiji. Pacific 

Science. 34(4):389-4OO, figures 1-5. 

1982a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXIX: Isopontonia 1987a. 

platycheles gen. nov., sp. nov., from the Chesterfield Islands, New 

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1-5. 1987b. 

1982b. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XLI: Orthopontonia. a 

New Genus Proposed for Periclimenaeus ornatus Bruce. Crustaceana, 

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1982c. The Shrimps Associated with Indo-West Pacific Echinoderms, with 

the Description of a New Species in the Genus Peridimenes Costa, 

1844 (Crustacea: Pontoniinae). Australian Museum Memoir. 16: 1987d. 

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1982d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XL: The Rediscovery of 

Peridimenes lifuensis Borradaile. 1898 (Decapoda. Pontoniinae) 

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1982e. The Pontoniine Shrimp Fauna of Hong Kong. In B.S. Morton and 

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1983a. A Second Species of the Pontoniine Shrimp Genus Dasella Lebour. 

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1983b. Epipontonia anceps n. sp., a Sponge-Associated Pontoniine Shrimp 

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Records of the Australian Museum. 35:19-28, figures 1-10. 

1983c. Expedition Rumphius II (1975). Crustaces parasites, commensaux. 1989a. 

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The Pontoniine Shrimp Fauna of Australia. Australian Museum 

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Peridimenes dentidactylus, a New Deep Water Pontoniine Shrimp 

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Marine Caridean Shrimps of the Seychelles, Monographiae Biologicae. 

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Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XLI I: Miopontonia yongei 

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Decapod Crustacea: Pontoniinae (MUSORSTOM II). In Resultats 

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Some Caridean Associates of Scleractinian Corals in the Ryukyu 

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Observations on the Family Gnathophyllidae Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: 

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Chacella, a New Palaemonid Shrimp Genus Proposed for Dasycahs 

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Diapontonia maranulus. New Genus, New Species, a Pontoniine 

Shrimp Associate of a Deep-water Echinoid. Journal of Crustacean 

Biology. 6(1):I25-133, figures 1-5. 

Three New Species of Commensal Shrimps from Port Essington, 

Arnhem Land, Northern Australia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae). 

The Beagle, Occasional Papers of The Northern Territory 

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Peridimenes milleri New Species, a Bathyal Echinoid-associated 

Pontoniine Shrimp from the Bahamas. Bulletin of Marine Science. 

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Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XLII1: A New Species of 

Typton from Ashmore Reef. Timor Sea (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). 

Crustaceana. 5O(3):278-286, figures 1-4. 

Onycocaridites anomodactylus. New Genus, New Species (Decapoda: 

Palaemonidae). a Commensal Shrimp from the Arafura Sea. 

Journal of Crustacean Biology, 7(4):771-779, figures 1-4. 

Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XLIV: Peridimenes 

danviniensis sp. nov. from the Northern Territory. Australia 

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Peridimenes johnsoni sp. nov., a New Species of Shrimp from 

Singapore (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae). Indo-Malayan 

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Typton minus sp. nov., a New Commensal Shrimp (Crustacea: 

Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from the Australian North West Shelf. 

The Beagle. Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and 

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Exopontonia malleatrix. New Genus, New Species, a Palaemonid 

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Two New Palaemonid Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the 

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A Redescription of Peridimenes fimbriatus Borradaile. 1915. with 

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Zoological Journal of the Unnean Society, 94:219-232, 

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A New Palaemonid Shrimp from the Zostera-btAs of More ton Bay. 

Queensland. Australia (Decapoda: Palaemnonidea). The Beagle. 

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Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XLV: Conchodytes 

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1989b. A Report on Some Coral Reef Shrimps from the Philippine Islands. 

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1989c. Periclimenes gonioporae sp. nov. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae), 

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1990d. Periclimenes tonga sp. nov., a Commensal Shrimp Associated with 

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1990e. Periclimenes franklini sp. nov., a New Deep-sea Shrimp from the 

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1990f. A New Cnidarian-associated Palaemonid Shrimp from Port Essington, 

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