SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 543 ...
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 543 ...
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 543 ...
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I<br />
The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea:<br />
Decapoda) of the Albatross<br />
Philippine Expedition 1907-1910,<br />
Part 6: Superfamily Palaemonoidea<br />
FENNER A. CHACE, Jr.,<br />
and<br />
A. J. BRUCE<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong> <strong>•</strong> <strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong><br />
*
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Robert McC. Adams<br />
Secretary<br />
Smithsonian Institution
S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O Z O O L O G Y <strong>•</strong> N U M B E R 5 4 3<br />
The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea:<br />
Decapoda) of the Albatross<br />
Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910,<br />
Part 6: Superfamily Palaemonoidea<br />
Fenner A. Chace, Jr., and AJ. Bruce<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> INSTITUTION PRESS<br />
Washington, D.C.<br />
1993
ABSTRACT<br />
Chace, Fenner A., Jr., and AJ. Bruce. The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the<br />
Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910, Part 6: Superfamily Palaemonoidea. Smithsonian<br />
Contributions to Zoology, number <strong>543</strong>, 152 pages 23 figures, 1993.—World checklists are<br />
proposed for 194 presumably valid species and subspecies of the genus Macrobrachium,<br />
together with their synonyms and type localities, and for 70 recognized genera and 408 valid<br />
species and subspecies of the subfamily Pontoniinae, with their synonyms, type species, and<br />
type localities. Keys are offered to the families and subfamilies of the superfamily<br />
Palaemonoidea, to all recognized genera of the Pontoniinae, Gnathophyllidae, and the genera<br />
and species of the Hymenoceridae, to the Indo-Pacific genera of the Palaemoninae, to all species<br />
and subspecies of Leander, Leandrites, Leptocarpus, Nematopalaemon, Urocaridella,<br />
Anchistus, Coralliocaris, Dasella, Dasycaris, Hamodactylus, Harpiliopsis, Jocaste, Onycocaris,<br />
Palaemonella, Paranchistus, and Gnathophyllum, and to the Philippine-Indonesian<br />
species of Macrobrachium, Periclimenaeus, and Periclimenes. The following new species are<br />
described: Urocaridella vestigialis from Selat Butung, Celebes, Indonesia, in 68 meters;<br />
Periclimenes albatrossae from the South China Sea off western Luzon, Philippines, in 315<br />
meters; and Periclimenes calcaratus from Albay Gulf, southeastern Luzon, Philippines, in about<br />
267 meters. The specimen from Kepulauan Kai, Indonesia, identified by Holthuis (1952) as<br />
Periclimenaeus truncatus (Rathbun, 1906) proves to be distinct from that species and is<br />
designated as the holotype of the new species Periclimenaeus truncoideus.<br />
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is<br />
recorded in the institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral<br />
Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus).<br />
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data<br />
(Revised fot Pt 6)<br />
Chace, Fenner Albert<br />
The Caridean shrimps (Crustaces-Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910<br />
(Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 381- )<br />
Includes bibliographies.<br />
Supt. of Docs. no. SI 1.27:381<br />
Supt. of Docs. no. SI 1.27:432<br />
Contents: Pt. I Family Stylodactylidae—Pt. 2 Families Glyphocrangonidae and Crangonidae—[etc.]—Pt 6. Superfamily<br />
Palaemonoidea.<br />
1. Shrimps—Philippines—Classification. 2. Crustacea—Classification. 3. Crustacea Philippines—<br />
Classification. I. Title. II. Series: Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 381, etc.<br />
QLl.S54no. 381, etc. 591s 83-600061 [QL444.M33 [595.3'843e]<br />
® The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American<br />
National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48—1984.
Contents<br />
Page<br />
Introduction 1<br />
Acknowledgments 1<br />
<strong>•</strong>PALAEMONOIDEA Rafinesque, 1815 1<br />
Key to Families and Subfamilies of Palaemonoidea 3<br />
*PALAEMONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 4<br />
<strong>•</strong>PALAEMONINAE Rafinesque, 1815 4<br />
Key to Indo-West Pacific Genera of Palaemoninae 4<br />
Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 5<br />
1. Exopalaemon styliferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) 5<br />
*Leander E. Desmarest, 1849 5<br />
Key to Species of Leander 6<br />
2. Leander kempi Holthuis, 1950 6<br />
<strong>•</strong>3. Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818) 6<br />
Leandrites Holthuis, 1950 7<br />
Key to Species of Leandrites 7<br />
4. Leandrites celebensis (De Man, 1881) 7<br />
5. Leandrites deschampsi (Nobili, 1903) 7<br />
6. Leandrites indicus Holthuis, 1950 7<br />
7. Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950 7<br />
Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950 8<br />
Key to Species of Leptocarpus 8<br />
8. Leptocarpus potamiscus (Kemp, 1917) 8<br />
*Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 8<br />
Checklist of Species of Macrobrachium 8<br />
Key to Full-grown Males of Philippine-Indonesian Species of Macrobrachium<br />
20<br />
*9. Macrobrachium australe (GueYin-M6neville, 1838) 23<br />
<strong>•</strong>10. Macrobrachium bariense (De Man, 1892) 24<br />
11. Macrobrachium callirrhoe (De Man, 1898) 24<br />
12. Macrobrachium clymene (De Man, 1902) 25<br />
13. Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 1950 25<br />
*14. Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852) 25<br />
15. Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) 26<br />
*16. Macrobrachium gracilirostre (Miers, 1875) 26<br />
17. Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989 27<br />
18. Macrobrachium hainanense (Parisi, 1919) 27<br />
19. Macrobrachium horstii (De Man, 1892) 27<br />
<strong>•</strong>20. Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862) 27<br />
21. Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950 28<br />
*22. Macrobrachium jaroense (Cowles, 1914) 29<br />
23. Macrobrachium javanicum (Heller, 1862) 29<br />
24. Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950 29<br />
*25. Macrobrachium lanceifrons (Dana, 1852) 29<br />
<strong>•</strong>26. Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798) 30<br />
*27. Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891) 31<br />
*28. Macrobrachium latimanus (Von Martens, 1868) 31<br />
in
iv <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
*29. Macrobrachium lepidactyloides (De Man, 1892) 32<br />
30. Macrobrachium lorentzi (J. Roux, 1921) 32<br />
31. Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) 33<br />
32. Macrobrachium mammillodactylus (Thallwitz, 1892) 33<br />
33. Macrobrachium minutum (J. Roux, 1917) 33<br />
34. Macrobrachium mirabile (Kemp, 1917) 34<br />
35. Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984 34<br />
36. Macrobrachium oenone (De Man, 1902) 34<br />
37. Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950 34<br />
38. Macrobrachium pilimanus (De Man, 1879) 35<br />
<strong>•</strong>39. Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892) 35<br />
40. Macrobrachium placidum (De Man, 1892) 36<br />
41. Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984 36<br />
<strong>•</strong>42. Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) 36<br />
43. Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862) 37<br />
44. Macrobrachium sintangense (De Man, 1898) 38<br />
45. Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950 38<br />
46. Macrobrachium trompii (De Man, 1898) 38<br />
47. Macrobrachium weberi (De Man, 1892) 38<br />
Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 1950 38<br />
Key to Species of Nematopalaemon 39<br />
48. Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Henderson, 1893) 39<br />
*Palaemon Weber, 1795 39<br />
Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Palaemon 40<br />
*49. Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852 40<br />
<strong>•</strong>50. Palaemon debilis Dana, 1852 40<br />
51. Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson, 1860) 41<br />
52. Palaemon semmelinkii (De Man, 1881) 41<br />
53. Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson, 1860) 41<br />
*Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915 41<br />
Key to Species of Urocaridella 42<br />
54. Urocaridella urocaridella (Holthuis, 1950) 42<br />
<strong>•</strong>55. Urocaridella vestigialis, new species 45<br />
*PON<strong>TO</strong>NIINAE Kingsley, 1878 45<br />
Checklist of Genera and Species of Pontoniinae 45<br />
Key to Genera of Pontoniinae 64<br />
Anapontonia Bruce, 1966 70<br />
56. Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966 70<br />
*Anchistus Borradaile, 1898 70<br />
Key to Species of Anchistus 71<br />
57. Anchistus australis Bruce, 1977 71<br />
58. Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977 72<br />
59. Anchistus custos (Forskal, 1775) 72<br />
60. Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922 72<br />
<strong>•</strong>61. Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888) 72<br />
Chernocaris Johnson, 1967 72<br />
62. Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967 72<br />
*Conchodytes Peters, 1852 73<br />
63. Conchodytes kempi Bruce, 1989 73<br />
<strong>•</strong>64. Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989 73<br />
65. Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852 74<br />
66. Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952 75<br />
<strong>•</strong>67. Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844) 75<br />
68. Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852 76<br />
*Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860 76<br />
Key to Species of Coralliocaris 76
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong><br />
*69. Coralliocaris graminea (Dana, 1852) 77<br />
*70. Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852) 77<br />
71. Coralliocaris venusta Kemp, 1922 78<br />
72. Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974 78<br />
*Dasella Lebour, 1945 78<br />
Key to Species of Dasella 78<br />
<strong>•</strong>73. Dasella herdmaniae (Lebour, 1939) 78<br />
Dasycaris Kemp, 1922 79<br />
Key to Species of Dasycaris 79<br />
74. Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952 80<br />
Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952 80<br />
Key to Species of Hamodactylus 80<br />
75. Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952 80<br />
76. Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970 80<br />
Hamopontonia Bruce, 1970 81<br />
Key to Species of Hamopontonia 81<br />
77. Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970 81<br />
*Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917 81<br />
Key to Species of Harpiliopsis 82<br />
*78. Harpiliopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1826) 82<br />
*79. Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson, 1860) 82<br />
*80. Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890) 82<br />
Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966 83<br />
81. Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard, 1962) 83<br />
*Jocaste Holthuis, 1952 83<br />
Key to Species of Jocaste 84<br />
82. Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890) 84<br />
<strong>•</strong>83. Jocaste lucina (Nobili, 1901) 84<br />
Mesopontonia Bruce, 1967 84<br />
Key to Species of Mesopontonia 84<br />
84. Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967 85<br />
Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981 85<br />
85. Onycocaridella stenolepis (Holthuis, 1952) 85<br />
Onycocaris Nobili, 1904 85<br />
Key to Species of Onycocaris 86<br />
86. Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985 87<br />
*Palaemonella Dana, 1852 87<br />
Key to Species of Palaemonella 87<br />
87. Palaemonella lata Kemp, 1922 89<br />
88. Palaemonella pottsi (Borradaile, 1915) 89<br />
*89. Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898) 89<br />
90. Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852 89<br />
Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952 89<br />
Key to Species of Paranchistus 90<br />
91. Paranchistus armatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) 90<br />
92. Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952 91<br />
93. Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983 91<br />
Paratypton Balss, 1914 91<br />
94. Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914 91<br />
*Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915 91<br />
Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenaeus 92<br />
95. Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952 92<br />
96. Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili, 1904) 92<br />
97. Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969 92<br />
*98. Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952 92<br />
99. Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952 93
vi <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
100. Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989 93<br />
101. Periclimenaeus tridentatus (Miers, 1884) 93<br />
102. Periclimenaeus truncoideus, new species 93<br />
*Periclimenes O.G. Costa, 1844 94<br />
Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenes 95<br />
*103. Periclimenes affinis (Zehntner, 1894) 99<br />
*104. Periclimenes albatrossae, new species 100<br />
105. Periclimenes alcocki Kemp, 1922 102<br />
106. Periclimenes amboinensis (De Man, 1888) 102<br />
*107. Periclimenes amymone De Man, 1902 102<br />
108. Periclimenes andamanensis Kemp, 1922 103<br />
109. Periclimenes attenuatus Bruce, 1971 103<br />
110. Periclimenes batei (Borradaile, 1917) 103<br />
111. Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902) 104<br />
112. Periclimenes brockii (De Man, 1888) 104<br />
* 113. Periclimenes calcaratus, new species 104<br />
114. Periclimenes ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915 106<br />
115. Periclimenes commensalis Borradaile, 1915 107<br />
116. Periclimenes consobrinus (De Man, 1902) 107<br />
117. Periclimenes coriolis Bruce, 1985 107<br />
118. Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965 108<br />
*119. Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984 108<br />
120. Periclimenes digitalis Kemp, 1922 108<br />
121. Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922 110<br />
*122. Periclimenes elegans (Paulson, 1875) 110<br />
123. Periclimenes ensifrons (Dana, 1852) Ill<br />
124. Periclimenesforesti Bruce, 1981 Ill<br />
125. Periclimenesfoveolatus Bruce, 1981 Ill<br />
126. Periclimenes galene Holthuis, 1952 112<br />
127. Periclimenes gracilis (Dana, 1852) 112<br />
128. Periclimenes grandis (Stimpson, 1860) 112<br />
129. Periclimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913 113<br />
*130. Periclimenes holthuisi Bruce, 1969 113<br />
<strong>•</strong>131. Periclimenes incertus Borradaile, 1915 114<br />
132. Periclimenes indicus (Kemp, 1915) 114<br />
133. Periclimenes inornatus Kemp, 1922 115<br />
134. Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987 115<br />
135. Periclimenes jugalis Holthuis, 1952 115<br />
136. Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969 115<br />
137. Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977 116<br />
*138. Periclimenes lanipes Kemp, 1922 116<br />
139. Periclimenes latipollex Kemp, 1922 117<br />
140. Periclimenes longirostris (Borradaile, 1915) 117<br />
141. Periclimenes lutescens (Dana, 1852) 117<br />
142. Periclimenes magnificus Bruce, 1979 118<br />
143. Periclimenes nilandensis Borradaile, 1915 118<br />
144. Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969 119<br />
145. Periclimenes pectiniferus Holthuis, 1952 119<br />
146. Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzly, 1983 119<br />
147. Periclimenes platycheles Holthuis, 1952 120<br />
*148. Periclimenes psamathe (De Man, 1902) 120<br />
149. Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981 120<br />
150. Periclimenes seychellensis Borradaile, 1915 121<br />
151. Periclimenes sibogae Holthuis, 1952 121
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> vii<br />
<strong>•</strong>152. Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, 1969 121<br />
153. Periclimenes soror Nobili, 1904 122<br />
<strong>•</strong>154. Periclimenes spiniferus De Man, 1902 122<br />
<strong>•</strong>155. Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898 123<br />
156. Periclimenes tenuis Bruce, 1969 123<br />
<strong>•</strong>157. Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969 124<br />
158. Periclimenes tosaensis Kubo, 1951 124<br />
159. Periclimenes venustus Bruce, 1990 124<br />
*Periclimenoides Bruce, 1990 126<br />
*160. Periclimenoides odontodactylus (Fujino and Miyake, 1968) ....<br />
126<br />
*Philarius Holthuis, 1952 126<br />
<strong>•</strong>161. Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905) 127<br />
162. Philarius imperialis (Kubo, 1940) 127<br />
Platycaris Holthuis, 1952 127<br />
163. Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952 127<br />
Platypontonia Bruce, 1968 127<br />
164. Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1971 127<br />
Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985 128<br />
165. Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985 128<br />
Pliopontonia Bruce, 1973 128<br />
166. Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973 128<br />
*Pontonia Latreille, 1829 128<br />
167. Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898 129<br />
168. Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940 129<br />
*169. Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922 129<br />
170. Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972 129<br />
171. Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952 129<br />
*Pontonides Borradaile, 1917 130<br />
Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915 130<br />
172. Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915 130<br />
*Thaumastocaris Kemp, 1922 130<br />
<strong>•</strong>173. Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922 131<br />
*Vir Holthuis, 1952 131<br />
*174. Vir orientalis (Dana, 1852) 131<br />
175. Vir philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984 132<br />
*ANCHISTIOIDIDAE Borradaile, 1915 132<br />
*Anchistioides Paulson, 1875 132<br />
176. Anchistioides australiensis (Balss, 1921)? 132<br />
<strong>•</strong>177. Anchistioides willeyi (Borradaile, 1899) 133<br />
GNATHOPHYLLIDAE Dana, 1852 133<br />
Key to Genera of Gnathophyllidae 134<br />
Gnathophylloides Schmitt, 1933 134<br />
178. Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt, 1933 134<br />
179. Gnathophylloides robustus Bruce, 1973 134<br />
Gnathophyllum Latreille, 1819 134<br />
Key to Species of Gnathophyllum 135<br />
180. Gnathophyllum americanum Gudrin-Me'neviHe, 1855 136<br />
<strong>•</strong>HYMENOCERIDAE Ortmann, 1890 136<br />
Key to Genera and Species of Hymenoceridae 136<br />
*Hymenocera Latreille, 1819 137<br />
*181. Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852 137<br />
Literature Cited 138
The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea:<br />
Decapoda) of the Albatross<br />
Philippine Expedition, 1907-1910,<br />
Part 6: Superfamily Palaemonoidea<br />
Introduction<br />
General considerations about the Albatross Philippine<br />
Expedition and its collections have been presented in Part 1 of<br />
this series (Chace, 1983). Repeated below are those format<br />
particulars that are common to all of the parts.<br />
The taxa numbered and itemized are those known from the<br />
Philippines and Indonesia, whether or not they are represented<br />
in the Albatross collections; those taken by that Expedition are<br />
indicated by an asterisk (*). The genera and species are<br />
arranged alphabetically, and the latter are numbered sequentially<br />
by order of appearance in the taxonotnic portion of the<br />
report. The generic entries comprise at least the original<br />
reference, followed by designation of the type species and of<br />
the gender of the generic name, a diagnosis, and the geographic<br />
and, sometimes, bathymetric ranges of the genus. The original<br />
reference and range are given for each extraterritorial species<br />
and subspecies cited. There has been no attempt to list all<br />
references under the taxa headings in the text. Usually the<br />
species and subspecies entries are limited to (1) the original<br />
reference and type locality of both senior and junior synonyms<br />
mentioned; (2) a reference to a published illustration, if<br />
possible; (3) a diagnosis; and (4) the range of the taxon. Under<br />
"Material" of species and subspecies represented in the<br />
Albatross collections are listed the following particulars when<br />
known: (1) general locality; (2) station number; (3) latitude and<br />
longitude; (4) depth in meters (in brackets when estimated); (5)<br />
character of bottom; (6) bottom temperature in degrees Celsius;<br />
(7) date and astronomical time intervals (hours between<br />
midnight and midnight) that the gear operated at the indicated<br />
Fenner A. Chace, Jr., Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National-<br />
Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington,<br />
D.C. 20560. AJ. Bruce, Northern Territory Museum of Arts and<br />
Sciences, G.P.O. Box 4646, Darwin, N.T., 0801, Australia.<br />
Fenner A. Chace, Jr., and AJ. Bruce<br />
depth; (8) gear used; and (9) the number and sex of the<br />
specimens, with minimum and maximum postorbital carapace<br />
lengths in millimeters, in brackets (the numbers and size ranges<br />
of ovigerous females are included in the female totals, as well<br />
as separately). Additional station data may be available in<br />
Anonymous (1910).<br />
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—If this study had been conducted in<br />
one of the physical sciences, the names of at least five of our<br />
colleagues would certainly have been added to the by-line.<br />
Austin B. Williams, Raymond B. Manning, Brian Kensley,<br />
L.B. Holthuis, and Alain Crosnier have made major contributions<br />
(some of them covert) to whatever value this report may<br />
convey. To identify the respective nature of those offerings<br />
might falsely suggest specific critical negligence as a cause of<br />
inadvertent errors in the post-review draft of this treatise. The<br />
individual benefactors know what they contributed, as do we,<br />
and we take this opportunity to thank them to the best of our<br />
ability for their sacrifice of personal research time in a truly<br />
selfless attempt to improvethe chances for significant progress<br />
in research on the palaemonoid shrimps. In addition to the<br />
assistance from the five colleagues mentioned above, we must<br />
note the special help received from the exchange of Macrobrachium<br />
checklists with Guido A. Pereira S. of the Instituto de<br />
Zoologia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, during his<br />
doctoral residency at the University of Maryland and the<br />
Smithsonian Institution.<br />
*PALAEMONOIDEA Rafinesque, 1815<br />
PALEMONIA Rafinesque, 1815:98.<br />
PALAEMONIDAE Bruce. 1986a:469.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum immovable; 2nd maxilliped with<br />
distal segments articulating serially, not side by side, on<br />
penultimate segment; 3rd maxilliped composed of no more<br />
than 6 segments; pereopods without exopods or arthrobranchs,
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
FIGURE 1.—The Philippines and central Indonesia, showing the positions of Albatross offshore stations at which<br />
caridean shrimps were obtained.<br />
20 <strong>•</strong>
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong><br />
epipods, if present, not large, not extending dorsad into<br />
branchial chamber; 1st and 2nd pair of pereopods distinctly<br />
chelate, dactyl meeting opposing finger when flexed, not<br />
crossing, chelae not terminating in dense brushes of long setae;<br />
1st pereopod not stouter than 2nd; 2nd pereopod with<br />
undivided carpus.<br />
RANGE.—Cosmopolitan; freshwater and marine, to a depth<br />
of 1820 meters, also subterranean.<br />
CLASSIFICATION.—The following key, modified from the<br />
one in Bruce (1986a:469), is still far from definitive. It reflects<br />
the belief that Bathypalaemonella Balss, 1914a, and Campylonotus<br />
Bate, 1888, which may or may not comprise the family<br />
Campylonotidae Sollaud, 1913, probably are not closely<br />
related to the genera here assigned to the superfamily<br />
Palaemonoidea. It also discloses our tentative conclusion that<br />
Gnathophyllum, Gnathophylloides, Pycnocaris, and Levicaris,<br />
because of their probably similar larval morphology, are related<br />
to the Pontoniinae but that they are distinguished sufficiently<br />
Key to Families and Subfamilies of Palaemonoidea<br />
from that palaemonid subfamily by their unique, although<br />
diverse, mouthparts to negate the possibility of synonymy,<br />
thereby preserving the familiar name of the subfamily. There<br />
seems to be little doubt that the similarly unique anterior<br />
appendages of Hymenocera—to a lesser extent Phyllognathia—are<br />
of familial importance. Likewise, although<br />
Anchistioides seems to differ little from some of the pontoniines,<br />
its larvae, as described by Gurney (1936), seem to us<br />
to support familial separation on the basis of seemingly minor<br />
adult morphological details. Finally, the virtually single<br />
characters that distinguish the Eurafrican and South American<br />
freshwater genera Desmocaris, Sollaud, 1911, Euryrhynchus,<br />
Miers, 1877, and Typhlocaris Caiman, 1909, may be important<br />
enough to justify familial recognition of each of those genera.<br />
On the other hand, the protean nature of the 70 pontoniine<br />
genera currently recognized is such as to overshadow the<br />
couple of seemingly evanescent differences that separate them<br />
from the other palaemonid genera.<br />
1. Mandible usually with incisor process prominent, deeply separated from molar<br />
process; 1st maxilliped with caridean lobe of exopod distinctly overreaching<br />
endite; 3rd maxilliped slender, pereopod-like 2<br />
Mandible with incisor process vestigial or absent; 1st maxilliped with caridean lobe<br />
of exopod not distinctly overreaching endite; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate<br />
segment broad, at least proximally, sometimes operculate 7<br />
2. Mandible with molar process flared distally; 1st maxilliped with exopodal lash<br />
vestigial. (Telson typically with 1 pair of stout spines on posterior margin.)<br />
*ANCHISTIOIDIDAE<br />
Mandible with molar process conventional, not flared, 1st maxilliped with exopodal<br />
lash fully developed 3<br />
3. First maxilliped with palp broadly ovate; 2nd maxiiliped with terminal segment<br />
broadly ovate, penultimate segment convexly produced mesiad, causing endopod<br />
to appear bilobate distally. (Carapace with supraorbital tooth; telson without<br />
dorsolateral spines; pleopods without appendix interna)<br />
DESMOCARIDIDAE Borradaile, 1915<br />
(Western and central Africa; fresh water)<br />
First maxilliped with palp not unusually broad; 2nd maxilliped not markedly bilobate<br />
distally 4<br />
4. First maxilliped with caridean lobe acutely produced distally<br />
TYPHLOCARIDIDAE 5<br />
First maxilliped with caridean lobe of exopod not acutely produced distally<br />
*PALAEMONIDAE .... 6<br />
5. Carapace divided into 3 longitudinal parts by paired, complete postantennal suture;<br />
3rd antennular flagellum partially fused with dorsal flagellum<br />
TYPHLOCARIDINAE Annandale and Kemp, 1913<br />
(Italy, Libya, and Israel; fresh or<br />
brackish water, usually subterranean)<br />
Carapace without complete longitudinal suture; 3rd antennular flagellum entirely<br />
free from fusion with either of other 2 flagella<br />
EURYRHYNCHINAE Holthuis, 1950<br />
(Northeastern South America and<br />
western Africa; fresh water)
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
6. Telson usually with 2 pairs of posterior marginal spines .... *PALAEMONINAE<br />
Telson usually with 3 pairs of posterior marginal spines *PON<strong>TO</strong>NIINAE<br />
7. Third maxilliped with antepenultimate segment clearly articulated with and much<br />
wider than next proximal segment "HYMENOCERIDAE<br />
Third maxilliped with antepenultimate segment at least partially fused with and not<br />
much wider than next proximal segment GNATHOPHYLLIDAE<br />
*PALAEMONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815<br />
PALAEMONIA Rafinesque, 1815:98.<br />
PALAEMONIDAE.—Samoueile, 1819:96.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without complete longitudinal suture;<br />
telson usually with 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior<br />
margin; antennule with 2 completely separate flagella, 1 with<br />
accessory branch; mandible usually with incisor process; 1st<br />
maxilla with mesial coxal lobe not unusually large, mesial<br />
basal lobe not reduced; 2nd maxilla with 0, 1, or 2 endites; 1st<br />
maxilliped with exopodal lash; 2nd maxilliped with marginal<br />
setae on distal segment not especially stout or dense; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with antepenultimate segment neither articulated<br />
with nor much wider than next proximal segment; 2nd<br />
pereopod with dactyl usually not distinctly serrate on extensor<br />
margin; 2nd pleopod with appendix masculina in male.<br />
RANGE.—Cosmopolitan, freshwater and marine; littoral to<br />
1285 meters.<br />
Key to Indo-West Pacific Genera of Palaemoninae<br />
<strong>•</strong>PALAEMONINAE Rafinesque, 1815<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson usually armed with 2 pairs of posterior<br />
spines (usually 3 pairs in Coutierella) and 2 or more submedian<br />
setae; 3rd maxilliped usually with 2 arthrobranchs.<br />
RANGE.—Cosmopolitan, freshwater and marine; subterranean,<br />
littoral, and pelagic to 170 meters.<br />
REMARKS.—The 11 palaemonine genera from the Indo-<br />
Pacific region recognized herein are incorporated in the<br />
following key.<br />
The remaining genera assigned to this subfamily are<br />
confined to fresh water in the Americas or western Africa and<br />
are included in the comprehensive key in Holthuis (1955:43),<br />
except two genera from subterranean fresh water in Mexico:<br />
Bithynops Holthuis, 1974a: 135, and Neopalaemon Hobbs,<br />
1973a:25, both of which may be referred to in Hobbs, Hobbs,<br />
and Daniel (1977:46, 52).<br />
1. Carapace with branchiostegal spine, sometimes arising posterior to margin ... 2<br />
Carapace without branchiostegal spine 9<br />
2. Elevated dentate crest at base of rostrum 3<br />
No elevated crest at base of rostrum 5<br />
3. Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin at<br />
point dorsal to branchiostegal spine Exopalaemon<br />
Carapace without branchiostegal suture 4<br />
4. Branchiostegal spine arising from margin of carapace; 2 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods with dactyl longer than combined length of propodus and carpus; 1st<br />
pleopod of male without appendix intema on endopod .... Nematopalaemon<br />
Branchiostegal spine arising posterior to margin of carapace; 2 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods with dactyl shorter than propodus; 1st pleopod of male with appendix<br />
intema on endopod *Urocaridella<br />
5. Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin at<br />
point dorsal to branchiostegal spine 6<br />
Carapace without branchiostegal suture 8<br />
6. Mandible normally with palp *Palaemon<br />
Mandible without palp 7<br />
7. Telson with 3 or more pairs of spines on posterior margin; 1st maxilla with distal<br />
endite broad, proximal endite rotated mesially; 2nd maxilla with basal endite<br />
deeply bilobate; 1st maxilliped with basal endite mesially ridged, separated from<br />
palp by U-shaped notch, coxal endite large, setose<br />
Coutierella Sollaud, 1914:318<br />
(Vietnam; Hong Kong)
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong><br />
Telson with 2 pairs of spines on posterior margin; 1st and 2nd maxillae and 1st<br />
maxilliped of normal palaemonoid form<br />
Palaemonetes Heller, 1869:157, 161<br />
(Eastern Siberia, China, Australia, America, Europe,<br />
Near East, Northern and western Africa)<br />
8. Mandible with palp *Leander<br />
Mandible without palp Leandrites<br />
9. Carapace without hepatic spine 10<br />
Carapace with hepatic spine 11<br />
10. Rostrum with elevated basal crest; mandible with palp Leptocarpus<br />
Rostrum without elevated basal crest; mandible without palp<br />
Troglindicus Sankolli and Shenoy, 1979:84<br />
(Freshwater well at Ratnagiri,<br />
Maharashtra, western India<br />
11. Carapace without branchiostegal suture; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl<br />
biunguiculate; 1st pleopod of male with appendix interna on endopod<br />
Brachycarpus Bate, 1888:781<br />
(Red Sea; Tanzania; Sri Lanka; Ponape, Caroline<br />
Islands; eastward to America; western<br />
and eastern Atlantic; Mediterranean)<br />
Carapace with branchiostegal suture extending posteriorly from anterior margin<br />
at point dorsal to branchiostegal spine; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with<br />
dactyl simple; 1st pleopod of male without appendix on endopod<br />
*\facrobrachium<br />
Exopalaemon Holthuis, 1950<br />
Exopalaemon Holthuis, 195Oa:5,9,45 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Palaemon styliferus H. Milne Edwards, 1840:638; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with elevated dentate basal crest;<br />
carapace with branchiostegal spine and branchiostegal suture,<br />
without hepatic spine; 4th thoracic sternite without slender<br />
median process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter than<br />
propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod without appendix<br />
intema.<br />
RANGE.—Indonesia, Vietnam, China, Korea, Japan; littoral,<br />
also brackish and fresh water.<br />
REMARKS.—The characteristically crested rostrum seems<br />
sufficient to justify full generic status for the six or seven<br />
species originally assigned to the subgenus Exopalaemon by<br />
Holthuis (1950a). Only the type species has been recorded from<br />
the Philippine-Indonesian region.<br />
1. Exopalaemon styliferus (H. Milne Edwards, 1840)<br />
P[alaemon] longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837:394 [type locality: mouth of<br />
the Ganges; not P. longirostris H. Milne Edwards, 1837:392].<br />
Pfalaemon] styliferus H. Milne Edwards, 1840:638.<br />
Leander styliferus.—Kemp, 1917:214, figs. 5, 6a, b, pi. 8: fig. 2.<br />
Palaemon (Exopalaemon) styliferus.—Holthuis, 1950a:46, fig. 8.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum armed with 5-7 teeth on basal crest,<br />
1-3 dorsal subterminal teeth, and 6-10 ventral teeth; 4<br />
posterior abdominal somites not sharply carinate in dorsal<br />
mid-line; antennular peduncle with distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment barely overreaching adjacent distal margin of segment,<br />
free part of shorter branch of dorsolateral flagellum<br />
several times as long as fused part; 2nd pereopod with carpus<br />
considerably shorter than chela; 3rd pereopod with dactyl no<br />
more than '/2 as long as propodus; maximum carapace length<br />
nearly 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—India, Pakistan, Burma, Thailand, Borneo, and<br />
Java; shallow, salt, brackish, and fresh water.<br />
*Leander E. Desmarest, 1849<br />
Leander E. Desmarest, 1849:92 [type species, by monotypy: Leander erraticus<br />
E. Desmarest, 1849:92 (= Palaemon tenuicornis Say, 1818:249); gender<br />
masculine].<br />
Cryptoleander Gurney, 1938:35 [this name was proposed as a uninomial<br />
collective-group name; Gurney and Lebour (1941:145, 159) referred<br />
Leander tenuicornis to the name, thereby according it true generic status].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum without elevated basal crest; carapace<br />
with submarginal branchiostegal spine, without hepatic<br />
spine or branchiostegal suture; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
slender median process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs<br />
of pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter<br />
than propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod with appendix<br />
intema.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia,<br />
New Zealand, western Atlantic, eastern Atlantic, and<br />
Mediterranean; on floating weed in the open sea and among
attached plants in shallow water.<br />
REMARKS.—It is suggested that Urocaridella, which was<br />
treated as a synonym of Leander by Holthuis (1950a:6 and<br />
Key to Species of Leander<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
1955:45), be reestablished as a distinct genus. Only the three<br />
species covered in the following key are therefore recognized<br />
herein as belonging to this genus.<br />
1. Rostrum sexually dimorphic, expanded vertically in female; basal antennular<br />
segment straight or concave distally lateral to 2nd segment; stylocerite distinctly<br />
overreaching midlength of basal antennular segment *3. L. tenuicornis<br />
Rostrum not sexually dimorphic, not expanded vertically in either sex; basal<br />
antennular segment sinuous distally lateral to 2nd segment; stylocerite not<br />
extending beyond level of midlength of basal antennular segment 2<br />
2. Fifth abdominal somite with pleuron rounded, not dentate, posteroventrally; basal<br />
antennular segment with convex distal lobe not reaching level of tip of distolateral<br />
spine; stylocerite not reaching level of midlength of basal antennular segment; 2nd<br />
pereopod without teeth on opposable margins of either finger .... 2. L. kempi<br />
Fifth abdominal somite with pleuron dentate posteroventrally; basal antennular<br />
segment with convex distal lobe reaching level of tip of distolateral spine;<br />
stylocerite reaching about to level of midlength of basal antennular segment; 2nd<br />
pereopod with 1 or 2 teeth on opposable margin of each finger<br />
L. paulensis Ortmann, 1897:191<br />
(Western Atlantic; littoral<br />
[see Manning, 1961])<br />
2. Leander kempi Holthuis, 1950<br />
Leander kempi Holthuis, 19S0a:31 [type locality: Manado anchorage,<br />
northeastern Celebes (55 meters) and Beo. Kepulauan Talaud].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not sexually dimorphic; 4th and 5th<br />
abdominal somites with pleuron rounded, unarmed; basal<br />
antennular segment with distal margin sinuous lateral to 2nd<br />
segment, stylocerite short, not reaching level of mid-length of<br />
basal segment of antennular peduncle; 2nd pereopod without<br />
teeth on opposable margin of either finger; maximum carapace<br />
length about 8 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from three specimens in the Indonesian<br />
type series.<br />
*3. Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818)<br />
Astacus lot us la J.C. Fabricius. 1781:513 [type locality: "in Oceano. Mus. Dom.<br />
Banks": not Astacus locusta Pennant, 1777].<br />
?Penaeus punctatissimus Bosc, 1802:109, pi. 14: fig. 3 [type locality: North<br />
Atlantic "sur les fucus nageans"]-<br />
Pfalaemon] tenuicornis Say, 1818:249 [type locality: Banks of Newfoundland].<br />
?Penaeus adspersus Tilesius. 1819:4, pi. 21a: fig. 1 [type locality: high seas].<br />
PfalaemonJ natatnr H. Milne Edwards, 1837:393 [type locality: Indian Ocean,<br />
"sur du fucus natans"].<br />
Palemon latirostris De Haan, 1833-1850:170, pi. 45: fig. 12 [type locality:<br />
Japan].<br />
Leander erratic us E. Desmarest. 1849:92 [type locality: Guadeloupe].<br />
P[alaemon] torensis Paulson, 1875:116, pi. 17: fig. 3 [type locality: Red Sea].<br />
Leander tenuicornis.—Holthuis, 195Oa:26. figs. 1, 2; 1952b:155, pis. 41,<br />
42.—Manning. 1961:531-534. fig. 2d[n.b.]./.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum sexually dimorphic, vertically ex-<br />
panded in female; pleura of 4th and 5th abdominal somites<br />
dentate posteroventrally; basal antennular segment with distal<br />
margin straight or concave lateral to 2nd segment; stylocerite<br />
long, overreaching mid-length of basal segment of antennular<br />
peduncle; 2nd pereopod without teeth on opposable margin of<br />
fixed finger; maximum carapace length about 8 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Port Matalvi, western Luzon;<br />
[15°29TS[, 119°56'E]; 23 Nov 1908; 130' seine: 1 female<br />
[6.4].—Cagmanaba Bay, southeastern Luzon; [H'WN,<br />
123°18'E]; mouth of small stream; 11 Mar 1909: 1 ovig female<br />
[6.1].—Port Busin, Burias Island; [13°08', 122°58'E]; tide<br />
pool; 8 Mar 1909 (0800); copper sulfate: 1 female [4.3].—<br />
South of Panay near sta 5184; surface under seaweed; 30[?]<br />
Mar 1908 [labeled "3/20/08"]: 1 juv [1.2].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and South Africa to Japan, Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, and the Atlantic Ocean<br />
from Newfoundland to the Falkland Islands in the west and<br />
from the Mediterranean to the Tropic of Cancer in the east;<br />
associated with floating weed in the open sea and with attached<br />
vegetation in shallow water. The species is commonly believed<br />
to frequent all tropical and subtropical seas, except those off the<br />
Pacific coast of America, but the easternmost Pacific records in<br />
the literature seem to be those from New Zealand, and there are<br />
no identified specimens in the Smithsonian collections from the<br />
Pacific east of the Palau Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—The juvenile specimen from south of Panay<br />
near Albatross station 5184 has the pleura of the fourth and fifth<br />
abdominal somites unarmed posteroventrally and a short<br />
stylocerite and short fingers of the second pereopod reminis-
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong><br />
cent of L. kempi, but the examination of series of western slender median process; mandible without palp; 3 posterior<br />
Atlantic specimens indicates that those characteristics are not pairs of pereopods with dactyl simple, shorter than propodus;<br />
atypical of juveniles of L. tenuicornis. endopod of male 1st pleopod with appendix interna.<br />
RANGE.—India, Singapore, and Indonesia; shallow, some-<br />
Leandrites Holthuis, 1950 times brackish water t0 56 meters<br />
Leandrites Holthuis, 1950a:4, 6, 30 [type species, by original designation: REMARKS.—With the proposed transfer of Leandrites<br />
LeandercelebensisDe Man. 1881:141; gender: masculine]. cyrtorhynchus Fujino and Miyake, 1969a, to Urocaridella,<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum without elevated basal crest; cara- only the four species covered in the following key are<br />
pace with submarginal branchiostegal spine, without hepatic recognized herein. All four have been recorded from Indonesia<br />
spine or branchiostegal suture; 4th thoracic sternite with or Singapore.<br />
Key to Species of Leandrites<br />
1. Rostrum nearly straight, overreaching antennal scale little if at all 2<br />
Rostrum curved somewhat dorsad, distinctly overreaching antennal scale .... 3<br />
2. Rostrum armed with 13-17 dorsal teeth, 3-7 ventral; 2nd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of chela and part of carpus 4. L. celebensis<br />
Rostrum armed with 11 dorsal teeth, ventral margin unarmed except for 3 small<br />
subapicai teeth; 2nd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by combined lengths of<br />
chela, carpus, and most of merus 1. L. stenopus<br />
3. Rostrum armed with 10-12 dorsal and 4 or 5 ventral teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus<br />
distinctly longer than chela 5. L. deschampsi<br />
Rostrum armed with 13-16 dorsal and 8 or 9 ventral teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus<br />
only slightly longer than chela 6. L. indie us<br />
4. Leandrites celebensis (De Man, 1881)<br />
Leander celebensis De Man, 1881:141 [type locality: Makasar, southwestern<br />
Celebes].<br />
Palaemonetes hornelli Kemp, 1925:318, figs. 14, 15 [type locality: Silavathura<br />
Lagoon, southern India].<br />
Leandrites celebensis.—Holthuis, 1950a:36, fig. 4.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum nearly straight, reaching to or<br />
slightly beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, armed with<br />
13-17 (usually 14 or 15) dorsal teeth, including 2 more widely<br />
separated on carapace posterior to level of posterior margin of<br />
orbit, and 4-7 (usually 4) teeth extending over major part of<br />
ventral margin; 2nd pereopods overreaching antennal scale by<br />
length of chela and fully '/2 of carpus; maximum carapace<br />
length about 10 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Southern India, Indonesia, and Northern Territory,<br />
Australia; shallow, often brackish water.<br />
5. Leandrites deschampsi (Nobili, 1903)<br />
Leander Deschampsi Nobili, 1903a:8 [type locality: Singapore].<br />
Leandrites deschampsi.—Holthuis, 1952a:202, fig. 1.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum curved dorsad, distinctly overreaching<br />
antennal scale, armed with 9 or 10 dorsal teeth, including 1<br />
or 2 more widely separated on carapace posterior to level of<br />
posterior margin of orbit, and 4 or 5 teeth extending over major<br />
part of ventral margin; 2nd pereopods overreaching antennal<br />
scale by length of chela and part of carpus; maximum carapace<br />
length about 9 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Singapore and China.<br />
6. Leandrites indicus Holthuis, 1950<br />
Leander indicus?.—De Man, 1881:139 [notL. indicus Heller, 1865].<br />
Leandrites indicus Holthuis, 1950a:37, fig. 5 [type locality: off Makasar,<br />
southwestern Celebes].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum curved dorsad, distinctly overreaching<br />
antennal scale, armed with 11-14 dorsal teeth, including 2<br />
widely separated on carapace posterior to level of posterior<br />
margin of orbit, and 8 or 9 teeth extending over major part of<br />
ventral margin; 2nd pereopods overreaching antennal scale by<br />
length of chela and part of carpus; maximum carapace length<br />
about 8 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type series of two specimens<br />
from Makasar, Celebes.<br />
7. Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950<br />
Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950a:40, fig. 6 [type locality: Selat Madura,<br />
Indonesia; 7°25'S, 1 B'^'E; 56 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum straight, not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, armed with 11 dorsal teeth, including 2 widely separated<br />
on carapace posterior to level of posterior margin of orbit,<br />
ventral margin unarmed except for 3 small subapicai teeth; 2nd<br />
pereopods overreaching antennal scale by combined lengths of<br />
chela, carpus, and nearly entire merus; carapace length about<br />
7 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique holotype from Selat<br />
Madura off northeastern Java; 56 meters.<br />
REMARKS.—The virtually unarmed ventral margin of the
8 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
rostrum and the unusually long pereopods of the unique female<br />
representative of this species emphasize the desirability of<br />
determining the still unknown configuration of the endopod of<br />
the first pleopod of the male; the absence of an appendix intema<br />
on that appendage would suggest that L. stenopus might not be<br />
congeneric with the other three species assigned to the genus.<br />
Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950<br />
Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950a:5, 11, 95 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Leanderfluminkola Kemp, 1917:223; gender: masculine].<br />
Key to Species of Leptocarpus<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with elevated basal crest; carapace<br />
without branchiostegal or hepatic spines, with branchiostegal<br />
suture; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median process;<br />
mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods with dactyl<br />
simple, shorter than propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod<br />
without appendix intema.<br />
RANGE.—India to Indonesia; fresh and brackish water.<br />
REMARKS.—The two closely related species that have been<br />
assigned to this species since its establishment may be<br />
distinguished by the following key.<br />
Rostrum overreaching antennal scale by no more than 'A rostral length, armed ventrally<br />
with 3-5 teeth; 2nd pereopod with fingers rather deeply excavate longitudinally, about<br />
as long as palm; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale by little more than length of<br />
dactyl L. fluminkola (Kemp, 1917:223)<br />
(India and Burma; fresh and<br />
slightly brackish water)<br />
Rostrum overreaching antennal scale by more than 'A rostral length, armed ventrally with<br />
6-10 teeth; 2nd pereopod with fingers obscurely excavate longitudinally, little more<br />
than 2 /3 as long as palm; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl<br />
and at least '/2 of propodus 8. L. potamiscus<br />
8. Leptocarpus potamiscus (Kemp, 1917)<br />
Leander potamiscus Kemp, 1917:225, fig. 7 [type locality: Pattini River, below<br />
Pattini, Peninsular Thailand; fresh water under tidal influence].<br />
Leptocarpus potamiscus.—Holthuis, 1950a:97.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale by more<br />
than 'A rostral length, armed ventrally with 6-10 teeth; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers obscurely excavate longitudinally, little<br />
more than 2 /3 as long as palm; 5th pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of dactyl and at least x li of propodus;<br />
maximum carapace length about 10 mm.<br />
RANGE.—India, Andaman Islands, Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra,<br />
and Java; fresh and brackish water.<br />
*Macrobrachium Bate, 1868<br />
Macrobrachium Bate, 1868a:363 [type species, selected by Fowler, 1912:558:<br />
Macrobrachium americanum Bate, 1868a:363; gender, neuter].<br />
Eupalaemon Ortmann, 1891:6%, 697 [type species, selected by Holthuis,<br />
1955:53: Palaemon acanthurus Wiegmann, 1836:150; gender: masculine].<br />
Parapalaemon Ortmann, 1891:6%, 731 [type species, selected by Holthuis,<br />
1955:53: Palaemon dolichodactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:840 (= Palaemon<br />
scabriculum Heller, 1862a:527); gender masculine].<br />
Macroterocheir Stebbing, 1908:39 [type species, by monotypy; Palaemon<br />
lepidactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:838; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum rarely with elevated basal crest;<br />
carapace without branchiostegal spine, with hepatic spine, and<br />
branchiostegal suture; 4th thoracic sternite with median<br />
process; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of pereopods<br />
with dactyl simple, shorter than propodus; endopod of male 1st<br />
pleopod without appendix intema.<br />
RANGE.—Pantropical and subtropical, occasionally temperate,<br />
commonly fresh, sometimes brackish water, some species<br />
marine as juveniles.<br />
REMARKS.—More than 175 valid species and subspecies of<br />
Macrobrachium are now generally recognized throughout the<br />
world. As there has been no attempt to compile a complete<br />
checklist of the genus since Holthuis (1950a: 12-19) did so, we<br />
offer the following list of species described prior to 1990 for<br />
what it may be worth to our colleagues who have to cope with<br />
this difficult genus.<br />
Checklist of Species of Macrobrachium<br />
Valid species-group names (boldface italics)<br />
Synonyms and species inquirendae (italics)<br />
Type localities (roman)<br />
Macrobrachium acanthochirus Villalobos, 1967; 168<br />
Rio Valdeflores, Valdeflores de Tonameca, Pochutla,<br />
Estado de Oaxaca, Mexico<br />
P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) acanthosoma Nobili,<br />
1899:242<br />
"Katau" [?= Binaturi River, near Fly River], Papua New<br />
Guinea<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong><br />
Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836)<br />
Palaemon acanthurus Wiegmann, 1836:150<br />
"Brazilian coast"<br />
Palaemon forceps<br />
Palaemon Swainsonii<br />
Palaemon mexicanus<br />
Macrobrachium longidigitum<br />
Palaemon dasydactylus<br />
Palaemon sexdentatus<br />
Palaemon Potiete<br />
Macrobrachium acanthurus panamensis—See Macrobrachium<br />
panamense<br />
Macrobrachium acherontium Holthuis, 1977:188<br />
Grutas del Cocona, near Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico<br />
Macrobrachium coconaensis<br />
Palaemon acutirostris Dana, 1852a:26<br />
Hawaii<br />
= Macrobrachium grandimanus<br />
Macrobrachium adscitum adscitum Riek, 1951:363<br />
Queensland, Australia<br />
Macrobrachium aemulum (Nobili, 1906)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) aemulus Nobili, 1906a:258<br />
Gatavake, Gambier Islands, Tuamotu Archipelago<br />
Palaemon aequatorialis—See P. appuni var. aequatorialis<br />
Macrobrachium africanum Bate, 1868a:366<br />
"Tambo River" [Peru]<br />
= Cryphiops caementarius (Molina, 1782)<br />
Palaemon africanus Kingsley, 1882:107<br />
West coast of Africa<br />
= Macrobrachium macrobrachion<br />
Palaemon africanus Bouvier—See P. jamaicensis var.<br />
africanus<br />
Macrobrachium ahkowi Chong and Koo, 1987b:561<br />
Replacement name for M. johnsoni Chong and Koo,<br />
1987a (not M. johnsoni Ravindranath, 1979)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Alcocki Nobili, 1903b:9, fig. 5<br />
Pondicherry, southeastern India<br />
= Macrobrachium rude<br />
Palaemon alphonsianus Hoffmann, 1874:33, pi. 9: figs.<br />
63-65<br />
La Reunion<br />
= Macrobrachium australe<br />
Macrobrachium altifrons altifrons (Henderson, 1893)<br />
Palaemon altifrons Henderson, 1893:444, pi. 40: figs.<br />
4-6<br />
Northern India<br />
Macrobrachium altifrons ranjhai Tiwari, 1964:237<br />
Kabul River at Nowshera, Peshawar District, Pakistan<br />
Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862)<br />
P[alaemon] amazonicus Heller, 1862b:418<br />
Amazon River<br />
Palaemon ensiculus<br />
Palaemon Dieperinkii<br />
Macrobrachium americanum Bate, 1868a: 363<br />
Lake Amatitlan, Guatemala<br />
Macrobrachium andamanicum (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon andamanicum Tiwari, 1952:30<br />
Andaman Islands<br />
Palaemon angolensis—See P. (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis,<br />
var. angolensis<br />
Palaemon Appuni Von Martens, 1869:31, pi. 2: fig. 5<br />
Puerto Cabello, Venezuela<br />
= Macrobrachium heterochirus<br />
Palaemon appuni var. aequatorialis Ortmann, 1891:723,<br />
pi. 47: fig. 6<br />
Ecuador<br />
= Macrobrachium brasiliense<br />
Macrobrachium aracamuni Rodriguez, 1982:379, fig. 2<br />
Cerro Aracamuni, a tepuy or flat-top mountain, Territorio<br />
Federal Amazonas, Venezuela, 680 m above sea<br />
level<br />
Palaemon armatus—See P. (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus<br />
Palaemon asper Stimpson, 1860:41 [not Latreille, 1818]<br />
Chinese rivers and streams near Kuangchou<br />
= Macrobrachium nipponense<br />
Macrobrachium asperulum (Von Martens, 1868)<br />
Palaemon asperulus Von Martens, 1868: pi. 1: fig. 5<br />
Shanghai fish market ?<br />
Palaemon asperulus var. brevirostris<br />
Palaemon asperulus var. brevirostris Yu, 1931:287,<br />
fig. 4<br />
China<br />
?= Macrobrachium asperulum<br />
Macrobrachium assamense assamense (Tiwari, 1958)<br />
Palaemon assamensis Tiwari, 1958:297<br />
Someswari River, near Siju, Garo Hills, Assam, India<br />
Macrobrachium assamense peninsulare (Tiwari, 1958)<br />
Palaemon assamensis peninsularis Tiwari, 1958:298<br />
Nerbudda River at Khetgaon, Mandla District, Madhya<br />
Pradesh, India<br />
Macrobrachium atabapense Pereira, 1986:202, figs. 4, 5,<br />
6A<br />
Atabapo River, Sta. Cruz, Territorio Federal Amazonas,<br />
Venezuela; 3°2O'N, 67°29'W<br />
Macrobrachium atactum atactum Riek, 1951:364, fig. 5<br />
Conondale, Mary River, Queensland, Australia<br />
Macrobrachium atactum ischnomorphum Riek,<br />
1951:364, fig. 6<br />
Elimbah, Elimbah Creek, Queensland, Australia<br />
Macrobrachium atactum sobrinum Riek, 1951:364,<br />
fig. 7<br />
Muttaburra, Queensland, Australia<br />
*9. Macrobrachium australe (GueYin-Me"neville, 1838)<br />
Palaemon australis GueYin-Me"neville, 1838:37<br />
Tahiti<br />
Palaemon sundaicus
10<br />
Palaemon dispar<br />
Palaemon alphonsianus<br />
Palaemon parvus<br />
Palaemon Malliardi<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ustulatus<br />
Leander lepidus<br />
Macrobrachium australiense australiense Holthuis,<br />
1950a: 13, 174<br />
Gayndah, Rockhampton, and Peak Downs (Homestead),<br />
eastern Queensland, Australia<br />
Macrobrachium australiense crassum Riek, 1951:366,<br />
fig. 11<br />
Cairns, Queensland, Australia<br />
Macrobrachium australiense cristatum Riek, 1951; 366,<br />
fig. 9<br />
Pallal, Horton River, near Bingara, New South Wales<br />
Macrobrachium australiense eupharum Riek, 1951:365,<br />
fig. 8<br />
Burdekin River, Macrossan, Queensland, Australia<br />
Palaemon australis Gue>in-M6neville, 1838—See<br />
Macrobrachium australe<br />
Palaemon australis Ortmann, 1891 (not Gu6rin-<br />
M6neville, 1838)<br />
= Macrobrachium australiense<br />
Palaemon aztecus De Saussure, 1857:504<br />
Vera Cruz, Mexico<br />
= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Macrobrachium banjare (Tiwari, 1958)<br />
Palaemon banjarae Tiwari, 1958:299<br />
Banjar River off Aonrai Forest Village, Baihar Tehsil<br />
(Dist. Balaghat, M.P.), India<br />
Palaemon baramensis—See P. (Eupalaemon) sundaicus<br />
var. baramensis<br />
*10. Macrobrachium bariense (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) bariensis De Man,<br />
1892:496, pi. 29: fig. 50<br />
Berit, western Flores, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon bataviana—See P. sundaicus var. bataviana<br />
Macrobrachium birai Lobao, Melo, and Fernandes,<br />
1986;50<br />
Rio Branca, Brazil; 24°54'44"S 47°58'30"W<br />
Palaemon birmanicus—See P. spinipes Var. birmanicus<br />
Palaemon boninensis Stimpson, 1860:41<br />
Bonin Islands, in mountain streams<br />
= Macrobrachium japonicum<br />
Macrobrachium borellii (Nobili, 1896)<br />
Palaemon Borellii Nobili, 1896:2<br />
San Lorenzo (Provincia de Jujuy) and Provincia de San<br />
Luis, Argentina<br />
Urocaridella borradailei Stebbing, 1923:8, pi. 14<br />
Mhlatuze River, Natal<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
Palaemon brachydactyla Nobili—See P. (Eupalaemon)<br />
sundaicus var. brachydactyla<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Palaemon brachydactylus Wiegmann, 1836:148<br />
East coast of Mexico<br />
= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Macrobrachium brasiliense (Heller, 1862)<br />
P[alaemon] brasiliensis Heller, 1862b:419, pi. 2: fig. 46<br />
Brazil<br />
Palaemon appuni var. aequatorialis<br />
Palaemon brevicarpus De Haan, 1849:172<br />
Purportedly but in all probability not "Japan'<br />
= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Palaemon brevicarpus var. heterochirus Yu, 1936:305,<br />
figs. 1, 2 [not P. heterochirus Wiegmann, 1836]<br />
Ning-Erh, Yunnan, China<br />
= Macrobrachium yui<br />
Palaemon brevidigitus—See P. (Parapalaemon) horsti<br />
brevidigitus<br />
Palaemon brevimanus—See P. (Parapalaemon) modestus<br />
brevimanus<br />
Palaemon brevirostris—See P. asperulus var. brevirostris<br />
Macrobrachium bullatum Fincham, 1987:351, fig. 1<br />
Northern Territory, Australia<br />
Palaemon cacharensis—See P. hendersoni cacharensis<br />
Macrobrachium caledonicum (J. Roux, 1926)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) caledonicus J. Roux,<br />
1926:224, figs. 52-54<br />
New Caledonia<br />
11. Macrobrachium callirrhoe (De Man, 1898)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) callirrhoe De Man,<br />
1898:152, pi. 8<br />
Kapuas Basin, Central Borneo<br />
Macrobrachium canarae (Tiwari, 1958)<br />
Palaemon canarae Tiwari, 1958:298<br />
Sitanadi River near Ghata, South Kanara, Madras State,<br />
India<br />
Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758)<br />
Cancer Carcinus Linnaeus, 1758:631<br />
"Americae fluviis"<br />
Cancer (Astacus) Jamaicensis<br />
Palaemon brachydactylus<br />
Palemon punctatus<br />
Palemon brevicarpus<br />
Palaemon aztecus<br />
IPalaemon Montezumae<br />
Palaemon laminatus<br />
Palemon ornatus Torralbas<br />
Macrobrachium cavernicola (Kemp, 1924)<br />
Palaemon cavernicola Kemp, 1924:42, pi. 3: figs. 1-4<br />
Siju Cave, Garo Hills, Assam, India<br />
Macrobrachium chevalieri (J. Roux, 1935)<br />
Palaemon chevalieri (Macrobrachium) J. Roux,<br />
1935a: 193, figs. 1,2<br />
Paul, Ilha de Sao Antao, Cape Verde Islands<br />
Macrobrachium choprai (Tiwari, 1949)<br />
Palaemon choprai Tiwari, 1949a:333, figs. 1, 2
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 11<br />
Varanasi fish market, caught near Dufferin Bridge close<br />
to Varanasi, Utter Pradesh, northeastern India<br />
Palaemon choprai choprai<br />
Macrobrachium malcolmsonii choprai<br />
12. Macrobrachium clymene (De Man, 1902)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) clymene De Man,<br />
1902:794, pi. 25: fig. 50<br />
Batang Baram, Sarawak, Borneo<br />
Macrobrachium cocoense Abele and Kim, 1984:951,<br />
figs. 1,2<br />
Stream on east side of Wafer Bay, Isla del Coco, Costa<br />
Rica<br />
Macrobrachium coconaensis Guzman, Cabrera, and Kensler,<br />
1977:208—Nomen nudum<br />
= Macrobrachium acherontium<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) cognatus—Species inquirenda<br />
Palaemon congoensis—See P. (Eupalaemon) dux var.<br />
congoensis<br />
Palaemon consobrinus De Saussure, 1857:504<br />
Veracruz, Mexico<br />
= Macrobrachium olfersii<br />
Macrobrachium cortezi Rodriguez, 1982:383, fig. 3<br />
Tobogan, near Puerto Ayacucho, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela<br />
13. Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 1950a: 13, 257<br />
Manila water supply, Luzon, Philippines<br />
Macrobrachium crassum—See Macrobrachium australiense<br />
crassum<br />
Macrobrachium crebrum Abele and Kim, 1989:6, fig. 2<br />
Miraflores Third Locks Lake, Panama Canal<br />
Macrobrachium crenulatum Holthuis, 1950b:95<br />
Rio Peje Bobo, Panama<br />
Macrobrachium cristatum—See Macrobrachium australiense<br />
cristatum<br />
Macrobrachium crybelum Chace, 1975:30, figs. 1-4<br />
Cave at Ciudad del Caribe (18°58TS[, 70°23'W), Santo<br />
Domingo, D.N., Dominican Republic<br />
= Macrobrachium faustinum lucifugum<br />
Palaemon cubanus (Gu6rin-Meneville ms.) Sharp,<br />
1893:123<br />
Cuba<br />
= Macrobrachium faustinum faustinum<br />
Palaemon d'Acqueti Sunier, 1925:cxvii<br />
Ambon [?]<br />
= Macrobrachium rosenbergu<br />
Macrobrachium danae (Heller, 1865)<br />
Palaemon Danae Heller, 1865:120, pi. 11: fig. 3<br />
Sydney, Australia<br />
Palaemon dasydactylus Streets, 1871:225, pi. 2: fig. 3<br />
Rio Coatzacoalcos, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico<br />
= Macrobrachium acanthurus<br />
Macrobrachium dayanum (Henderson, 1893)<br />
Palaemon Dayanus Henderson, 1893:443, pi. 40: figs.<br />
7-13<br />
India<br />
Palaemon delagoae Stebbing, 1915:74, pi. 16<br />
Delagoa Bay, Mozambique<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
Palaemon De Manx—See P. sundaicus var. De Mani<br />
Plalaemon] Desausuri Heller, 1862b:420, pi. 2: fig. 47<br />
Colombia<br />
= Macrobrachium olfersii<br />
Palaemon Dieperinkii (De Haan ms.) De Man, 1879:167<br />
Surinam<br />
= Macrobrachium amazonicum<br />
Macrobrachium dierythrum Pereira, 1986:204, figs. 7-9,<br />
12c<br />
Aguaro River, Paso Garzerito, Edo, Guarico, Venezuela;<br />
8°10'N,66°W<br />
Macrobrachium digitum Abele and Kim, 1989:8, figs.<br />
3,4<br />
Miraflores Locks, Panama Canal<br />
Macrobrachium digueti (Bouvier, 1895)<br />
Palaemon Digueti Bouvier, 1895:159, figs. 1,2<br />
Mulege River, Baja California, Mexico<br />
Leander dionyx Nobili, 19O5a:482, PI. 12: fig. 2<br />
Bogadjim [= Stephansort], Papua New Guinea<br />
= Macrobrachium lor<br />
Palaemon dispar Von Martens, 1868:41<br />
Pulau Adonara, east of Flores, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium australe<br />
Palaemon (s.s.) dolichodactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:840 pi.<br />
4: fig. 18<br />
Tete, Mozambique<br />
= Macrobrachium scabriculum<br />
Plalaemon] dubius Henderson and Matthai, 1910:300, pi.<br />
18: fig. 9<br />
Chingleput District, southeastern India<br />
= Macrobrachium scabriculum<br />
Palaemon dulcis Thallwitz, 1891:99<br />
Northern Celebes<br />
= Macrobrachium esculentum<br />
Macrobrachium dux (Lenz, 1910)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux Lenz, 1910:129, pi. 3: figs.<br />
2-5<br />
Ituri River at Avakubi, Zaire<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Lenzii<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. congoensis<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. tenuicarpus<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. congoensis De Man,<br />
1912a:416<br />
Kole River, tributary of the Aruwimi, Uppere Zaire<br />
= Macrobrachium dux<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) dux var. tenuicarpus De Man,<br />
1925:47, fig. 12k (part)<br />
"Kikada," Zaire<br />
= Macrobrachium dux<br />
Macrobrachium edentatum Liang and Yan, 1986:109,
12<br />
figs. 1-4<br />
Sichuan, China<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) elegans De Man, 1892:440, pi.<br />
26: fig. 36 [not P. elegans Rathke, 1837]<br />
Bogor and "Sinagar," Java, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium sintangense<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) endehensis De Man, 1892:465,<br />
pi. 27: fig. 42<br />
Flores, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium latidactylus<br />
Palaemon ensiculus Smith, 1869a:26,40, pi. 1: fig. 2<br />
Para, Brazil<br />
= Macrobrachium amazonicum<br />
*14. Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852)<br />
Palaemon equidens Dana, 1852a:26<br />
Singapore<br />
Palaemon sundaicus var. bataviana<br />
Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var brachydactyla<br />
Pfalaemon] sundaicuis var. De Mani<br />
Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) acanthosoma<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. baramensis<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) nasutus<br />
Palaemon sulcatus<br />
Palaemon delagoae<br />
Urocaridella borradailei<br />
Macrobrachium eriocheirum Dai, 1984:247, 251, figs.<br />
13-17<br />
Jungsan, Xishuangbanna Dai Aut. Pref., Yunnan Province,<br />
China<br />
15. Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891)<br />
Palaemon esculentus Thallwitz, 1891:98<br />
Northern Celebes, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon dulcis<br />
Macrobrachium eupharum—See Macrobrachium<br />
australiense eupharum<br />
Palaemon euryrhynchus Ortmann, 1891:738, pi. 47; Fig.<br />
12<br />
Fiji Islands<br />
= Macrobrachium latimanus<br />
Macrobrachium faustinum faustinum (De Saussure,<br />
1857)<br />
Palaemon Faustinus De Saussure, 1857:505<br />
Near Jacmel, Haiti<br />
Palaemon cubanus<br />
Palemon spinimanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 [not<br />
Latreille, 1818]<br />
Macrobrachium faustinum lucifugum Holthuis,<br />
1974b:233, figs. 2, 3<br />
Cueva del Agua de Yara, "barrio" Yara, east of Baracoa,<br />
Oriente Province, Cuba<br />
Macrobrachium cryhelum<br />
Macrobrachium felicinum Holthuis, 1949a: 183<br />
Catumbela near Benguela, Angola<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Macrobrachium ferreirai Kensley and Walker, 1982:4,<br />
figs. 5, 6, 12b<br />
Igarappe near Castanhai, Aripuana, Mato Grosso, Brazil<br />
Macrobrachium fluviale (Streets, 1871)<br />
Palaemon fluvialis Streets, 1871:227, pi. 2: fig. 5<br />
Tributary to Coatzacoalcos River, Isthmus of Tehuantepec,<br />
Mexico (Atlantic drainage)<br />
Macrobrachium foai (Coutiere, 1902)<br />
P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) Foai Coutiere, 1902:517<br />
Upper Congo<br />
Palaemon forceps H. Milne Edwards, 1837:397<br />
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil<br />
= Macrobrachium acanthurus<br />
Macrobrachium formosense Bate, 1868a:364, pi. 31:<br />
fig. 1<br />
Tansui River, northern Taiwan<br />
Palemon longipes<br />
Macrobrachium fukienense Liang and Yan, 1980:30<br />
Fujian Province, China<br />
Macrobrachium gallus Holthuis, 1952b:67, fig. 1<br />
Rio Peripa, Ecuador<br />
Macrobrachium gangeticum Bate, 1868a:365—Species<br />
inquirenda<br />
"Patna, a distance of 250 miles from Calcutta"<br />
Macrobrachium georgii—See Macrobrachium idella<br />
georgii<br />
Macrobrachium geron Holthuis, 1950a:258, fig. 52<br />
Bangka, east of southern Sumatra, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium malayanum<br />
Macrobrachium glypticum Riek, 1951:363, fig. 4<br />
Coen, northern Queensland, Australia<br />
P[alemon] gracilimanus Randall, 1840:143<br />
Hawaii<br />
= Macrobrachium grandimanus<br />
*16. Macrobrachium gracilirostre (Miers, 1875)<br />
Palaemon gracilirotris Miers, 1875:343<br />
Upolu, Samoa Islands<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus brevimanus<br />
Macrobrachium sophronicum<br />
Macrobrachium grandimanus (Randall, 1840)<br />
Pfalemon] grandimanus Randall, 1840:142<br />
Hawaii<br />
P[alemon] gracilimanus<br />
Palaemon acutirostris<br />
17. Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989:32, figs. 1,2<br />
Stream issuing from Gomantong Hill, about 5°N, 118°E,<br />
Sabah, Borneo<br />
Macrobrachium guangxiense Liang and Yan, 1981 ?<br />
Guangxi Province, China ?<br />
18. Macrobrachium hainanense (Parisi, 1919)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) hainanense Parisi, 1919:87,<br />
pi. 3: fig. 1, pi. 6: figs. 1,7<br />
Keng-kong River, Hainan
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 13<br />
Palaemon similis<br />
Macrobrachium hancocki Holthuis, 1950b:96<br />
Esparta, Rio Barranca, Costa Rica<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) handschini J. Roux,<br />
1933:345<br />
Katherine River, Northern Territory, Australia<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Macrobrachium hendersodayanum (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon henderso-dayanus Tiwari, 1952;29<br />
Western Ghats (Satara District to Mysore State),<br />
India<br />
Macrobrachium hendersoni hendersoni (De Man, 1906)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon?) Hendersoni De Man,<br />
1906:405 Darjeeling, western Bengal, India<br />
Palaemon yunnanensis<br />
Macrobrachium hendersoni cacharense (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon hendersoni cacharensis Tiwari, 1952:32<br />
Assam, India<br />
Macrobrachium hendersoni platyrostre (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon hendersoni platyrostris Tiwari, 1952:32<br />
Darjeeling, western Bengal, India<br />
Palaemon Herklotsii—See P. (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis,<br />
var. Herklotsii<br />
Macrobrachium heterochirus (Wiegmann, 1836)<br />
Palaemon heterochirus Wiegmann, 1836:149<br />
East Coast of Mexico<br />
Palaemon Appuni<br />
Palaemon heterochirus Yu, 1936—See P. brevicarpus<br />
var. heterochirus<br />
Macrobrachium hildebrandti (Hilgendorf, 1893)<br />
Bithynis? hildebrandti Hilgendorf, 1893a:244<br />
Central Madagascar<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Hilgendorfi Coutiere,<br />
1899:382<br />
Eastern Madagascar<br />
= Macrobrachium lepidactylus<br />
Macrobrachium hirsutimanus (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon hirsutimanus Tiwari, 1952:31<br />
Doi Chaung, Thailand<br />
Macrobrachhium hirtimanus (Olivier, 1811)<br />
Palaemon hirtimanus Olivier, 1811:663<br />
Indian Ocean<br />
Macrobrachium hobbsi Nates and Villalobos, 1990:7,<br />
fig. 3<br />
Rio El Naranjo, about 8 km NE of Pijijiapan (Carretera<br />
Tonala-Pijijiapan), Chiapas, Mexico<br />
Macrobrachium holthuisi Genofre and Lobao, 1978:273,<br />
fig. 1<br />
Guaeca River, Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />
19. Macrobrachium horstii (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Horstii De Man, 1892:460,<br />
pi. 27: fig. 39<br />
Palopo, central Celebes<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) horsti brevidigitus<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) horsti brevidigitus J. Roux,<br />
1930:358<br />
Bali, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium horstii<br />
*20. Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862)<br />
P[alaemon] Idae Heller, 1862b:416, pi. 2: fig. 40, 41<br />
Borneo, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ritsemae<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Idae, var. subinermis<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Mariae<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) robustus<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) idae, var. idella—See Macrobrachium<br />
idella<br />
Palaemon idae var. mammillodactylus—See Macrobrachium<br />
mammillodactylus<br />
Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) Idae, var. subinermis Nobili,<br />
1899:237<br />
San Guiseppe River near Innawi, Meheo District, Papua<br />
New Guinea<br />
= Macrobrachium idae<br />
Macrobrachium idella idella (Hilgendorf, 1898)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) idae, var. idella Hilgendorf,<br />
1898:29, fig. A<br />
Tanzania<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) multidens<br />
Macrobrachium idella georgii Jayachandran and Joseph,<br />
1985a: 130, fig. 1<br />
Southwestern India<br />
Macrobrachium iheringi (Ortmann, 1897)<br />
Palaemon iheringi Ortmann, 1897:211, pi. 1: fig. 7, 8<br />
Sao Paulo State, Brazil<br />
Macrobrachium inca Holthuis, 1950b:93<br />
Rio Moche near Salaverry, Peru<br />
Macrobrachium indicum Jayachandran and Joseph,<br />
1986:217, figs. 1-4<br />
Vellayani Lake, southern India; 8°24W-8°6'3(rN,<br />
76°59'08"-76 o 59'47"E<br />
Palaemon inermis—See P. Idae, var. inermis<br />
Macrobrachium injlatum Liang and Yan, 1985:254, 258<br />
China<br />
Macrobrachium inpa Kensley and Walker, 1982:6, figs.<br />
7-9, 12c<br />
Igarape da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil<br />
Macrobrachium insulare (Parisi, 1919)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) insular is Parisi, 1919:85, pi.<br />
3: figs. 2, 3, pi. 6: fig. 12<br />
Taiwan<br />
Macrobrachium intermedium (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Leander intermedius Stimpson, 1860:41<br />
Port Jackson, Australia (marine); 2 fathoms<br />
Macrobrachium ischnomorphum—See M. atactum<br />
ischnomorphum<br />
21. Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950a:227, fig. 47<br />
Pulau Simeulue, off northwestern Sumatra, Indonesia<br />
Cancer (Astacus) Jamaicensis Herbst, 1792:57, pi. 27:<br />
fig. 2
14<br />
"Jamaica in Flussen"<br />
= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Palaemon jamaicensis var. africanus Bouvier, 1895:160<br />
Assini, Ivory Coast<br />
= Macrobrachium vollenhovenii<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, var. angolensis<br />
De Man, 1904:314, pi. 19: figs. 39-45, pi. 20: figs.<br />
46, 48-53<br />
Catumbela, Angola<br />
= Macrobrachium vollenhoveni<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, var. Herklotsii<br />
DeMan, 1912b:239<br />
"Mayumba" [Mayumbe, near Isiro ?], Zaire<br />
= Macrobrachium vollenhovenii<br />
Macrobrachium japonicum (De Haan, 1849)<br />
Palaemon japonicum De Haan, 1849:172<br />
Japan<br />
Palaemon boninensis<br />
*22. Macrobrachium jaroense (Cowles, 1914)<br />
Palaemon jaroensis Cowles, 1914:385, pi. 3: fig. 8<br />
Hibucawan River near Jaro, Leyte, Philippines<br />
23. Macrobrachium javanicum (Heller, 1862)<br />
Pfalaemon] javanicus Heller, 1862b:421, pi. 2: fig. 48<br />
Java<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) neglectus<br />
Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers, 1877)<br />
Palaemon jelskii Miers, 1877:661, pi. 67: fig. 1<br />
Oyapock, French Guiana<br />
Macrobrachium jiangxiense Liang and Yan, 1985:256,<br />
258<br />
China<br />
Macrobrachium johnsoni Ravindranath, 1979:184, figs.<br />
1,2<br />
Fish market, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh State, India<br />
Macrobrachium johnsoni Chong and Khoo, 1987a:360,<br />
figs. 1-3 [not Ravindranath, 1979]<br />
Gunong Palai, peninsular Malaysia<br />
= Macrobrachium ahkowi<br />
24. Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950a:233, fig. 48<br />
Pulau Nias, west of Sumatra, Indonesia<br />
Macrobrachium kempi (Tiwari, 1949)<br />
Palaemon kempi Tiwari, 1949b:330<br />
Small stream between Chittagong and Sultan Bagu<br />
Bastan, Bangladesh<br />
Macrobrachium kistnense (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon kistnensis Tiwari, 1952:28<br />
India and Sri Lanka<br />
Macrobrachium kiukianense (Yu, 1931)<br />
Palaemon kiukianensis Yu, 1931:279, fig. 1<br />
Kiukiang, Kiangsi Province, China<br />
Macrobrachium kotreeanum—See Macrobrachium malcolmsonii<br />
kotreeanum<br />
Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei (H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1837)<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Pfalemon] lamarrei H. Milne Edwards, 1837:397<br />
"cotes du Bengale"<br />
Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarroides (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon lamarrei lamarroides Tiwari, 1952:28<br />
Logtak Lake, Manipur, Assam, India<br />
Palaemon lamarroides—See Macrobrachium lamarrei<br />
lamarroides<br />
P[alaemon] laminatus (Gollmer manuscript) Von Martens,<br />
1869:24<br />
Caracas, Venezuela<br />
= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lampropus De Man,<br />
1892:493, pi. 29: fig. 49<br />
Celebes and Timor, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium latidactylus<br />
*25. Macrobrachium lanceifrons (Dana, 1852)<br />
Palaemon lanceifrons Dana, 1852a:26<br />
Manila, Luzon, Philippines<br />
Palaemon lanceifrons var. montalhanensis<br />
Palaemon lanceifrons var. montalbanensis Cowles,<br />
1914:371, pi. 2, fig. 6<br />
Montalban, near Manila, Luzon, Philippines<br />
= Macrobrachium lanceifrons<br />
Macrobrachium lanchesteri (De Man, 1911)<br />
Palaemon paucidens Lanchester, 1901 [not De Haan,<br />
1841,orHilgendorf, 1898]<br />
Pal[aemon] (Eupalaemon) Lanchesteri De Man,<br />
1911a:264<br />
Songkhla, Peninsular Thailand<br />
Palaemon Lar Weber, 1795:94—Nomen nudum<br />
= Macrobrachium lar<br />
*26. Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798)<br />
Palaemon Lar Fabricius, 1798:402<br />
"in India Dom. Daldorff'<br />
Palaemon longimanus<br />
Palaemon ornatus<br />
Palaemon tridens<br />
Palaemon vagus<br />
Palaemon spectabilis<br />
Palaemon ruber<br />
Palaemon mayottensis<br />
Palaemon reunionnensis<br />
Palaemon madagascariensis<br />
Leander dionyx<br />
Cancer teatae<br />
*27. Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891)<br />
Palaemon latidactylus Thallwitz, 1891:97<br />
Northern Celebes, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) endehensis<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lampropus<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) latidactylus minor (J. Roux<br />
manuscript) Woltereck, 1941:153—Nomen nudum<br />
*28. Macrobrachium latimanus (Von Martens, 1868)<br />
Palfaemon] latimanus Von Martens, 1868:44
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 15<br />
Loquilocon, Samar, Philippines<br />
Palaemon euryrhynchus<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) singalangensis<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Lenzii De Man, 191 lb:225<br />
Congo River, probably near Boma<br />
= Macrobrachium dux<br />
*29. Macrobrachium lepidactyhides (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lepidactyloides De Man,<br />
1892:497, pi. 29: fig. 51<br />
River above waterfall at "Mbawa," Flores ("Rakambaha,<br />
W. Flores," according to Holthuis,<br />
1950a:251), Indonesia<br />
?= Macrobrachium placidum<br />
Macrobrachium lepidactylus (Hilgendorf, 1879)<br />
Palaemon (s.s.) lepidactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:838, pi.<br />
4: figs. 14-16<br />
Mozambique<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Hilgendorfi<br />
Leander lepidus De Man, 1915:410, pi. 28: fig. 6<br />
Mouths of small streams at "Oinake," east of Teluk Jos<br />
Sudrso, West New Guinea, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium australe<br />
Palaemon leptodactylus—See P. pilimanus var. leptodactylus<br />
Macrobrachium longidigitum Bate, 1868:365, pi. 31:<br />
fig. 2<br />
Type locality unknown<br />
= Macrobrachium acanthurus<br />
Macrobrachium longidigitum Dai, 1984:248, 251, figs.<br />
18-22 [not M. longidigitum Bate, 1868a]<br />
Ganlanba, Lancang River, Yunnan Province, China<br />
Palaemon longimanus Weber, 1795:94—Nomen nudum<br />
= P. longimanuss Fabricius<br />
Palaemon longimanus Fabricius, 1798:402<br />
"in India orientali Dom. Daldorff'<br />
= Macrobrachium lor<br />
Palemon longipes De Haan, 1849:171 [not Palemon<br />
longipes Olivier, 1811]<br />
Japan<br />
= Macrobrachium formosense<br />
Palaemon longipes Lockington, 1878:161 [not P. longipes<br />
Olivier, 1811]<br />
Mulege River, Baja California, Mexico<br />
= Macrobrachium tenellum<br />
30. Macrobrachium lorentzi (J. Roux, 1921)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) lorentzi J. Roux, 1921:596,<br />
pi. 16: figs. 1-3<br />
Sungai Lorentz Basin, southwestern New Guinea (Irian<br />
Jaya), Indonesia<br />
Macrobrachium lucifugum—See Macrobrachium faustinum<br />
lucifugum<br />
Macrobrachium lujae (De Man, 1912)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Lujae De Man, 1912a:415<br />
Sankuru River at Kondue near Lusambo, Kasai District,<br />
Zaire<br />
Macrobrachium macrobrachion (Herklots, 1851)<br />
Palemon macrobrachion Herklots, 1851:25<br />
Butri, near Dixcove, Ghana<br />
Palaemon africanus Kingsley, 1882<br />
Macrobrachium maculatum Liang and Yan, 1980:31<br />
(fig'd.)<br />
Fujian Province, China<br />
Palaemon madagascariensis Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7:<br />
fig. 58<br />
'Tile de Nossy-Faly" = "Nosi Fali, NW. Madagascar,"<br />
ace. to Holthuis (1950a: 188)<br />
= Macrobrachium lor<br />
31. Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pilimanus malayanus J.<br />
Roux, 1935b:32<br />
"Lasah, Plus Valley, East Perak," peninsular Malaysia<br />
Macrobrachium geron<br />
Macrobrachium malcolmsonii malcolmsonii (H. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1844)<br />
Palemon Malcolmsonii H. Milne Edwards, 1844:8<br />
Nagpur, central India<br />
Palaemon spinipes Var. birmanicus<br />
Macrobrachium malcolmsonii chopra Johnson, 1973:274,<br />
279—See Macrobrachium choprai<br />
Macrobrachium malcolmsonii kotreeanum Johnson,<br />
1973:274,279<br />
Kotree, Indus River, Pakistan<br />
Palaemon Malliardi Richters, 1880:166, pi. 18: figs. 1-3<br />
Mauritius<br />
= Macrobrachium australe<br />
32. Macrobrachium mammillodactylus (Thallwitz, 1892)<br />
Palaemon idae var. mammillodactylus Thallwitz,<br />
1892:15<br />
Luzon, Philippines, and northern Celebes, Indonesia<br />
(ace. to Holthuis, 1950a: 150)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Wolterstorffi<br />
Palaemon Philippinensis<br />
IPalaemon talaverae<br />
Macrobrachium manipurense (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon manipurensis Tiwari, 1952:30<br />
Manippur Assam States, India<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Mariae Coutiere, 1900:1266<br />
Madagascar<br />
= Macrobrachium idae<br />
Palaemon mayottensis Hoffmann, 1874:32, pi. 9: figs.<br />
61,62<br />
He de Mayotte, Comoro Islands, and 'Tile Nossy-Faly,"<br />
Madagascar<br />
= Macrobrachium lor<br />
Macrobrachium meridionatis Liang and Yan, 1983:213,<br />
214<br />
Hainan Island, China
16<br />
Palaemon mexicanus De Saussure, 1857:504<br />
Cuba and Mexico<br />
= Macrobrachium acanthurus<br />
Macrobrachium michoacanus Guzman, Cabrera, and<br />
Kensler, 1977<br />
Nomen nudum<br />
Macrobrachium michoacanus Nates and Villalobos,<br />
1990:2, fig. 2<br />
Rio Mexcalhuacan, about 40 km NE of Playa Azul<br />
(Carretera Azul-Caleta de Campos), Michoacan, Mexico<br />
Macrobrachium microps Holthuis, 1978:210, figs. 1, 2<br />
Danmin Cave, near Konogusgus, New Ireland<br />
Macrobrachium mieni Dang, 1975:68<br />
Vietnam<br />
33. Macrobrachium minutum (J. Roux, 1917)<br />
Palaemon minutus J. Roux, 1917:599, pi. 27: figs. 1-3<br />
Sentani Lake, northeastern Irian Jaya (West New<br />
Guinea), Indonesia<br />
34. Macrobrachium mirabile (Kemp, 1917)<br />
Palaemon mirabilis Kemp, 1917:227, pi. 10<br />
Rangoon, Burma<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus De Man, 1892:469,<br />
pi. 27: fig. 43 [not P. modestus Heller, 1862]<br />
River at "Wukur," not far from Sika, southeastern<br />
Flores, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium gracilirostre<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus brevimanus J. Roux,<br />
1934a:228, figs. 9, 10<br />
Bimun, New Ireland<br />
= Macrobrachium gracilirostre<br />
Palaemon montalbanensis—See P. lanceifrons var.<br />
montalbanensis<br />
Palaemon Montezumae De Saussure, 1857:504<br />
Veracruz, Mexico<br />
?= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Macrobrachium moorei (Caiman, 1899)<br />
Palaemon moorei Caiman, 1899:709, pi. 40: figs.<br />
20-24<br />
Lake Tanganyika, 15 meters<br />
Palaemon (s.s.) Mossambicus Hilgendorf, 1879:839, pi. 4:<br />
fig. 17<br />
= Macrobrachium rude<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) multidens Coutiere, 1900:1266<br />
Branch of Onilahy River, western Madagascar<br />
as Macrobrachium idella<br />
Macrobrachium naso (Kemp, 1918)<br />
Palaemon naso Kemp, 1918:91, pi. 25: figs. 1-5<br />
Inle Lake region, Burma<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) nasutus Nobili, 1903a:9, 1 fig.<br />
Singapore<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
Macrobrachium nattereri (Heller, 1862)<br />
Pfalaemon] Nattereri Heller, 1862b:414, pi. 2: figs.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
36,37<br />
Rio Negro, Brazil<br />
35. Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984a: 164, figs.<br />
2,3<br />
Jawej River near Tigi Lake, Irian Jaya, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) neglectus De Man, 1905:201, pi.<br />
15: fig. 6<br />
Mergui Archipelago and northeastern Sumatra<br />
= Macrobrachium javanicum<br />
Macrobrachium nepalense Kamita, 1974:10<br />
Nepal<br />
Macrobrachium niloticum (P. Roux, 1833)<br />
Palaemon Niloticus P. Roux, 1833:73, pi. 7: fig. 2<br />
Nile River<br />
Macrobrachium niphanae Shokita and Takeda,<br />
1989:148, figs. 1,2, pi. 1<br />
Nang Rong waterfall stream, Thailand<br />
Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849)<br />
Palaemon nipponensis De Haan, 1849:171<br />
Japan<br />
Palaemon asper Stimpson, 1860 [not Latreille, 1818]<br />
Palaemon sinensis<br />
Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson and Matthai, 1910)<br />
Palaemon nobilii Henderson and Matthai, 1910:295, pi.<br />
17: fig. 6<br />
Walajabad, Chingleput district, India<br />
Macrobrachium novaehollandiae (De Man, 1908)<br />
Pal[aemon] (Eupalaemon) novae-hollandiae De Man,<br />
1908:370, pi. 16<br />
Sydney, Australia<br />
Macrobrachium obtusifrons Dai, 1984:246, 251, figs.<br />
6-12<br />
Guanting Reservoir, Miyun County, Beijing, China<br />
Macrobrachium occidental Holthuis, 1950a:95<br />
Rio de los Esclavos, Guatemala<br />
36. Macrobrachium oenone (De man, 1902)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone De Man,<br />
1902:784, pi. 25: fig. 49<br />
Northern Halmahera, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone papuana<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone papuana J. Roux,<br />
1927:324, fig. 2<br />
Mamberamo River, northern Irian Jaya, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium oenone<br />
Macrobrachium ohione (Smith, 1874)<br />
Palaemon Ohionis Smith, 1874:640<br />
Ohio River at Cannelton, Ohio<br />
Palaemon sallei<br />
Macrobrachium olfersii (Wiegmann, 1836)<br />
Palaemon Olfersii Wiegmann, 1836:150<br />
"Brazilian Coast"<br />
Palemon spinimanus<br />
Palaemon consobrinus<br />
Palaemon Desausuri
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 17<br />
Palaemon Potiporanga<br />
Palaemon ornatus Olivier, 1811:660<br />
East Indies<br />
= Macrobrachium lar<br />
Palemon ornatus (Forns manuscript) Torralbas, 1917:616,<br />
figs. 56, 57 [not Olivier, 1811]<br />
Cuba<br />
= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
37. Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950a: 136,<br />
fig. 31<br />
Lake Tawar, northern Simaloer, off west coast of<br />
Sumatra, Indonesia, at 2°50TSf, 95°5O'E<br />
Macrobrachium palawanensis Johnson, 1962a:307,<br />
fig. 1<br />
Palawan, Philippines<br />
?= Macrobrachium idae<br />
Macrobrachium panamense Rathbun, 1912<br />
Macrobrachium acanthurus panamense Rathbun,<br />
1912:13<br />
Rio Calobre [not "Rio Calabre"], Panama<br />
Palaemon papuana—See P.(Macrobrachium) oenone<br />
papuana<br />
Palaemon parvus Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7: fig. 59<br />
"Nosy Faly," Madagascar<br />
?= Macrobrachium australe<br />
Macrobrachium patsa (Coutiere, 1899)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Patsa Coutiere, 1899:382<br />
Madagascar<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon?) paucidens Hilgendorf,<br />
1893b: 155 [not P. paucidens De Haan, 1841]<br />
Adeli, near Bismarckbourg, Togo<br />
= Macrobrachium raridens<br />
Palaemon paucidens Lanchester, 1901:568, pi. 33: fig. 4<br />
[not P. paucidens De Haan, 1841]<br />
Songkhla, peninsular Thailand<br />
= Macrobrachium lanchesteri<br />
Macrobrachium pectinatum Pereira, 1986:200, figs. 2, 3,<br />
6B<br />
Atabapo River, Sta. Cruz, Territorio Federal Amazonas,<br />
Venezuela; 3°20'N, 67°29'W<br />
Macrobrachium peguense (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon peguensis Tiwari, 1952:27<br />
Burma<br />
Palaemon peninsularis—See Macrobrachium assamense<br />
peninsulare<br />
Macrobrachium petersii (Hilgendorf, 1879)<br />
Palaemon (s.s.) Petersii Hilgendorf, 1879:841, pi. 4: fig.<br />
19<br />
Tete, Mozambique<br />
Macrobrachium petiti (J. Roux, 1934)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Petiti J. Roux, 1934b:537,<br />
figs. 1-3<br />
Vatomandry, eastern Madagascar<br />
Macrobrachium petronioi Melo, Lobao, and Femandes,<br />
1986:51<br />
Rio Branco, Brazil<br />
Palaemon philippinensis Cowles, 1914:340, pi. 2: fig. 2<br />
San Juan and Pasig rivers, near Manila, Philippines<br />
= Macrobrachium mammillodactylus<br />
38. Macrobrachium pilimanus (De Man, 1879)<br />
Palaemon pilimanus De Man, 1879:181<br />
Muaralabuh, near Padang, western Sumatra, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon pilimanus, var. leptodactylus<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pygmaeus<br />
Palaemon pilimanus, var. leptodactylus De Man,<br />
1892:476, pi. 28: fig. 44i-l<br />
Bogor, Java, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium pilimanus<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pilimanus malayanus—See<br />
Macrobrachium malayanum<br />
Macrobrachium pinguis Dai, 1984:245, 250, figs. 1-5<br />
Longhai County, Fujian Province, China<br />
*39. Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) placidulus De Man,<br />
1892:489, pi. 28: fig. 48<br />
Indonesia<br />
?= Palaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818<br />
40. Macrobrachium placuium (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) placidus De Man,<br />
1892:483, pi. 28: fig. 46<br />
Kajutanam, north of Padang, western Sumatra, Indonesia<br />
?= Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lepidactyloides<br />
Palaemon platyrostris—See Macrobrachium hendersoni<br />
platyrostre<br />
41.. Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984b: 143, fig. 1<br />
Luwang Jurangjero, south central Java, Indonesia (8°S,<br />
111°E), about 100 m below entrance<br />
Palaemon Potiete Muller, 1892:184, 188, 190<br />
Type locality not indicated<br />
= Macrobrachium acanthurus, according to Holthuis<br />
(1952b:46)<br />
Palaemon Potiporanga Muller, 1880:152<br />
Brazil?<br />
= Macrobrachium olfersu, according to Holthuis<br />
(1952b:96)<br />
Macrobrachium potiuna (Muller, 1880)<br />
Palaemon Potiuna Muller, 1880:152<br />
Itajahy River near Blumenau, Santa Catarina state,<br />
Brazil<br />
Macrobrachium praecox (J. Roux, 1928)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) praecox J. Roux, 1928a:43<br />
Venezuela and Colombia<br />
Macrobrachium pumilum Pereira, 1986:208, figs. 11,<br />
12b<br />
Aguaro River, Cachimbo Pass, Edo. Guarico, Venezuela;<br />
8° 1 OX 66°35'W<br />
Pfalemon] punctatus Randall, 1840:146
18<br />
"East Indies?" and/or West Indies<br />
= Macrobrachium carcinus<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pygmaeus J. Roux,<br />
1928b:222, figs. 1-4<br />
"Kastobo" Lake, Pulau Bawean, Java Sea, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium pilimanus<br />
Macrobrachium quelchi (De Man, 1900)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) Quelchi De Man, 1900:57,<br />
pi. 6: figs. 1-8<br />
Upper Mazaruni River, Guyana<br />
Macrobrachium ranjhai—See Macrobrachium altifrons<br />
ranjhai<br />
Macrobrachium raridens (Hilgendorf, 1893)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) raridens Hilgendorf,<br />
1893c: 181<br />
Adeli, near Bismarckbourg, Togo<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon?) paucidens Hilgendorf, 1893<br />
Macrobrachium rathbunae Holthuis, 1950b:94<br />
Hog Creek Valley, San Jose Island, Archipielago de las<br />
Perlas, Gulf of Panama<br />
Palaemon reunionnensis Hoffmann, 1874:33, pi. 9: figs.<br />
66,67<br />
La Reunion<br />
= Macrobrachium lor<br />
Macrobrachium reyesi Pereira, 1986:198, figs. 1, 6C<br />
Quebrada Corral de Piedra, El Limon, Maracay, Edo.<br />
Aragua, Venezuela; 10°15'N,67 o 35'W<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ritsemae De Man, 1897:774<br />
Atjeh, northwestern Sumatra, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium idae<br />
Palaemon riukiuensis Kubo, 1940a:21, figs. 12, 13<br />
RyuKyu Islands—Species inquirenda<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) robustus De Man, 1902:771, pi.<br />
24: fig. 48<br />
Halmahera, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium idae<br />
Macrobrachium rodriguezi Pereira, 1986:206, figs. 10,<br />
12a<br />
Cans River, El Tigre, Edo. Anzoategui, Venezuela;<br />
8 O 45*N, 64°50'W<br />
Macrobrachium rogersi (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon rogersi Tiwari, 1952:31<br />
Burma<br />
Palaemon rosalesi Rodriguez de la Cruz RM 1965:100,<br />
pi. 7<br />
Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico—Species inquirenda<br />
(probably juvenile Macrobrachium)<br />
*42. Macrobrachium rosenbergii rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)<br />
Palaemon Rosenbergii De Man, 1879:167<br />
Andai, northwestern Irian Jaya, Indonesia<br />
Pfalaemon] whitei<br />
Palaemon spinipes Schenkel, 1902<br />
Palaemon d'Acqueti<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Macrobrachium rosenbergii schenkeli Johnson,<br />
1973:274, 277<br />
Tavoy, Burma<br />
Palaemon ruber Hess, 1865:165, pi. 7: fig. 20<br />
Fiji Islands<br />
= Macrobrachium lor<br />
Macrobrachium rude (Heller, 1862)<br />
Palaemon rudis Heller, 1862a:527<br />
Sri Lanka<br />
Palaemon (s.s.) Mossambicus<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Alcocki<br />
P[alaemon] sallei (Gue'rin-Me'neville ms) Kingsley,<br />
1882:108<br />
Mississippi<br />
= Macrobrachium ohione<br />
Macrobrachium sankollii Jalihal and Shenoy, 1988:11<br />
(illus.)<br />
Karnataka, India<br />
43. Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862)<br />
Palaemon scabriculus Heller, 1862b:527<br />
Sri Lanka<br />
Palaemon (s.s.) dolichodactylus<br />
Palaemon dubius<br />
Macrobrachium schenkeli—See Macrobrachium rosenbergii<br />
schenkeli<br />
Macrobrachium scorteccii Maccagno, 1961:336<br />
"Cal Galloan," Somalia<br />
Palaemon sexdentatus Streets, 1871:226, pi. 2: fig. 5<br />
Tidewater of Rio Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz state, Mexico<br />
= Macrobrachium acanthurus<br />
Macrobrachium shokitai Fujino and Baba, 1973:101,<br />
figs. 1-4<br />
River head, Urauchi River, Iriomote Island, Ryukyu<br />
Islands<br />
Palaemon similis Yu, 1931:281, fig. 2<br />
Amoy, China<br />
= Macrobrachium hainanense<br />
Palaemon sinensis Heller, 1862a:528<br />
Shanghai, China<br />
= Macrobrachium nipponense<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) singalangensis Nobili,<br />
1900a:487<br />
"Aier Mantcior, presso il Monte Singalang," Sumatra,<br />
Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium latimanus<br />
44. Macrobrachium sintangense (De Man, 1898)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sintangensis De Man,<br />
1898:138, pi. 6<br />
Sintang, Kapuas River, Borneo<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) elegans De Man, 1892<br />
Macrobrachium siwalikense (Tiwari, 1952)<br />
Palaemon siwalikensis Tiwari, 1952:28<br />
Base of Simla Hills, Punjab, India<br />
Macrobrachium sohrinum—See Macrobrachium atac-
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 19<br />
turn sobrinum<br />
Macrobrachium sollaudii (De Man, 1912)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Sollaudii De Man, 1912a:413<br />
Near Mobayi-Mbongo, Zaire<br />
Macrobrachium sophronicum Holthuis, 1950a: 198, fig.<br />
40<br />
"Wukur River," Sika, southeastern Flores, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium gracilirostre<br />
Palaemon spectabilis Heller, 1862a:527<br />
Tahiti<br />
= Macrobrachium lar<br />
Palaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818:5, pi. 319; fig. 1<br />
Type locality ?<br />
?= Senior synonym of Macrobrachium placidulum<br />
Palemon spinimanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837:399 [not<br />
Palaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818]<br />
Antilles and coasts of Brazil<br />
= Macrobrachium faustinum and M. olfersii<br />
Palaemon spinipes Schenkel, 1902:501, pi. 9: fig. 7 [not<br />
P. spinipes Desmarest, 1817]<br />
Kema, Minahasa, northeastern Celebes, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium rosenbergii<br />
Palaemon spinipes Var. birmanicus Schenkel, 1902:503<br />
pi. 9: fig. 8<br />
Burma<br />
= Macrobrachium malcolmsonii<br />
Macrobrachium srilankense H.H. Costa, 1979:60, fig. 6,<br />
pi. 1: fig. D<br />
Sri Lanka<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) stresemanni J. Roux,<br />
1918:113, figs. 1, 2—Species inquirenda<br />
Pulau Tjelukanbawang, Bali, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon subinermis—See P. (Eupalaemon) Idae, var.<br />
subinermis<br />
Palaemon sulcatus Henderson and Matthai, 1910:289, pi.<br />
16: fig. 4<br />
Cochin, southern India<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
45. Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950a:220, fig. 45<br />
Bangkalan River, Pulau Salajar, Indonesia<br />
P[alaemon] sundaicus Heller, 1862b:415, pi. 2: figs.<br />
38,39<br />
Java, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium australe<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. baramensis De<br />
Man, 1902:770<br />
Baram River, Sarawak, Borneo<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
Palaemon sundaicus var. bataviana De Man, 1897:784<br />
Djakarta, Java, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
PfalaemonJ (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var brachydactyla<br />
Nobili, 1899:238<br />
Ambon<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
PfalaemonJ sundaicus var. De Mani Nobili, 1899:239<br />
Atjeh<br />
= Macrobrachium equidens<br />
Macrobrachium superbum (Heller, 1862)<br />
Palaemon superbus Heller, 1862a:528<br />
Shanghai, China<br />
Macrobrachium surinamicum Holthuis, 1948:1112<br />
Plantation "Geyersvlijt," Paramaribo, Surinam<br />
Pal[aemon] Swainsonii (Leach ms) White, 1847:78<br />
Type locality ?<br />
= Macrobrachium acanthurus<br />
Palaemon talaverae Blanco, 1939a: 168, pi. 2<br />
Lake Sampaloc, San Pablo, Laguna Province, Luzon,<br />
Philippines<br />
?= Macrobrachium mammUlodactylus<br />
Cancer teatae Curtiss, 1938:162<br />
Tahiti<br />
= Macrobrachium lar<br />
Macrobrachium tenellum (Smith, 1871)<br />
Palaemon tenellus Smith, 1871:98<br />
Polvon, western Nicaragua<br />
Palaemon longipes Lockington, 1878<br />
Palaemon tenuicarpus—See P. (Eupalaemon) dux var.<br />
tenuicarpus<br />
Macrobrachium therezieni Holthuis, 1965:281, fig. 1<br />
Maningory River, Fenerive district, Tamatave province,<br />
eastern Madagascar<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) thienemanni J. Roux,<br />
1932:570, figs, a, b<br />
Sungai Musinear Muarakelingi, southern Sumatra, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium trompii<br />
Macrobrachium thy si Powell, 1980:318, figs. 1-3<br />
Banco National Park, near Abidjan, Ivory Coast<br />
Macrobrachium tiwarii Jalihal, Shenoy, and Sankolli,<br />
1988:27<br />
Karnataka, India<br />
Macrobrachium tolmerum Riek, 1951:362, fig. 1<br />
Black River, Macrossan, Queensland, Australia<br />
Macrobrachium transandicum Holthuis, 1950b:94<br />
Rio Telembi, tributary of Rio Patia, near San Lorenzo,<br />
southwestern Colombia<br />
Pallaemon] tridens (Leach ms) White, 1847:78<br />
Mauritius ?<br />
= Macrobrachium lar<br />
46. Macrobrachium trompii (De Man, 1898)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Trompii De Man, 1898:144,<br />
pi. 7<br />
"Kapuas Basin," central Borneo, Indonesia<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) thienemanni<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus J. Roux,<br />
1936:30
20<br />
Gunong Pulai Estate, Johore, Malaysia<br />
= Xfacrobrachium trompii<br />
Macrobrachium unikarnatakae Jalihal, Shenoy, and<br />
Sankolli, 1988:21<br />
Kamatak, India<br />
Plalaemon] (Eupalaemon) ustulatus Nobili, 1899:241<br />
Rigo, southeastern Papua<br />
= Macrobrachium australe<br />
Plalaemon] vagus Heller, 1862b:417, pi. 2: figs. 42, 43<br />
Ambon. Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium lor<br />
Macrobrachium veliense Jayachandran and Joseph,<br />
1985b: 185, figs. 1,2<br />
Veli Lake, near Trivandrum, southwestern India<br />
Macrobrachium venustum (Parisi, 1919)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) venustus Parisi, 1919:92, 93,<br />
pi. 4: fig. 1, pi.. 6: figs. 5, 13<br />
Hainan, South China<br />
Macrobrachium villalobosi Hobbs, 1973b:77, fig. 3<br />
Cueva del Nacimiento del Rio San Antonio, 10 km SSW<br />
Acatlan, Oaxaca, Mexico<br />
Macrobrachium villosimanus (Tiwari, 1949)<br />
Palaemon villosimanus Tiwari, 1949b:329<br />
Pulta Waterworks, Calcutta, India<br />
Macrobrachium vollenhovenii (Herklots, 1857)<br />
Palaemon Vollenhovenii Herklots, 1857:96<br />
Ghana<br />
Palaemon jamaicensis var. africanus Bouvier, 1895<br />
Palaemon jamaicensis, var. angolensis<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) jamaicensis, var. Herklotsii<br />
47. Macrobrachium weberi (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Weberi De Man, 1892:421, pi.<br />
25: fig. 33<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Southwestern Celebes, Indonesia<br />
Plalaemon] whitei (Gue'rin-Me'neville ms) Sharp,<br />
1893:122<br />
Bombay<br />
= Macrobrachium rosenbergii schenkeli<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Wolterstorffi Nobili, 1900b:l<br />
Surabaja, eastern Java, Indonesia<br />
= Macrobrachium mammillodactylus<br />
Macrobrachium yeti Dang Ngoc Thanh, 1975:67 (illustr.)<br />
Vietnam<br />
Macrobrachium yui Holthuis, 1950a:211<br />
Ning-Erh, Yunnan, southern China<br />
Palaemon brevicarpus var. heterochirus Yu, 1936<br />
Palaemon yunnanensis Yu, 1936a:3O8, figs. 3, 4<br />
Mann-Tchi-Pan, Yunnan, China<br />
= Macrobrachium hendersoni<br />
Macrobrachium zariquieyi Holthuis, 1949a: 178, figs.<br />
1,2<br />
Bioko, equatorial Guinea<br />
Of these species, 39 seem to have been recorded from the<br />
Philippine-Indonesian region, a count that will certainly<br />
increase as current surveys of the freshwater fauna of that area<br />
are pursued. Rather than attempt to match the excellence of the<br />
key to all of the recognized species prepared by Holthuis<br />
(1950a: 105-111), we have restricted our attention to the<br />
Philippine and Indonesian species, and even those have been<br />
embarrassingly equivocal. Because only full-grown males of<br />
many of the species can be reliably identified from preserved<br />
material and because several of the names currently available<br />
were based on females or younger than full-grown males, final<br />
determinations of many of the taxa must await new collections<br />
from the type localities and, especially, the study of fresh or<br />
frozen specimens that may display diagnostic color patterns.<br />
Key to Full-grown Males of Philippine-Indonesian Species of Macrobrachium<br />
1. Major 2nd pereopod with soft, dense pubescence on part of palm or on 1 or both<br />
fingers 2<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with chela completely naked or bearing only scattered setae not<br />
concealing surface 21<br />
2. Major 2nd pereopod with some soft, dense pubescence on palm 3<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with soft, dense pubescence limited to at most partial presence<br />
on one or both fingers 13<br />
3. Major 2nd pereopod usually with soft, dense pubescence extending at least partially<br />
onto fingers 4<br />
Major 2nd pereopod without soft, dense pubescence on fingers 10<br />
4. Major 2nd pereopod with fingers completely covered by pubesence 5<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with fingers naked distally 9<br />
5. Major 2nd cheliped with fingers and entire palm nearly or quite concealed by dense<br />
velvety pubescence 6<br />
Major 2nd cheliped with only fingers and distal portion of palm clothed in dense<br />
pubescence 8<br />
6. Minor 2nd pereopod without dense pubescence; lateral branch of uropod with<br />
movable spine overreaching fixed lateral tooth 31. Af. malayanum
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 21<br />
Minor 2nd pereopod with velvety, pubescence-like major one; lateral branch of<br />
uropod with movable spine weak, indistinct, shorter than fixed lateral tooth . . 7<br />
7. No more than 4 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; 2nd pereopods with opposable margins of fingers armed with distinctly<br />
unequal teeth 17. Af. gua<br />
Five or more teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; 2nd pereopods with opposable margins of fingers armed with teeth of<br />
uniform size 38. Af. pilimanus<br />
8. Rostrum not nearly reaching distal end of antennal scale, armed ventrally with 2 or<br />
3 teeth; 1st pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus 35. Af. natulorum<br />
Rostrum reaching as far as or slightly beyond distal end of antennal scale, armed<br />
ventrally with 4-6 teeth; 1st pereopod with chela less than '/2 as long as carpus<br />
46. Af. trompii<br />
9. Major 2nd pereopod without longitudinal grooves on carpus<br />
43. Af. scabriculum<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with 2 deep longitudinal grooves on carpus<br />
45. Af. sulcicarpale<br />
10. Rostrum armed with 2 teeth on ventral margin 11<br />
Rostrum with 3-5 teeth on ventral margin 12<br />
11. Major 2nd pereopod with pubescence on palm restricted to 2 large proximal patches<br />
13. Af. cowlesi<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with entire palm covered with woolly hairs<br />
15. Af. esculentum<br />
12. Antennal scale with lateral margin straight or slightly convex; 2nd pereopods rather<br />
similar in shape, unequal in length, palm compressed 21. M.jacobsoni<br />
Antennal scale with lateral margin slightly concave; 2nd pereopods distinctly<br />
unequal in length and shape, palm subcylindrical 24. Af. joppae<br />
13. Rostrum armed with 8-14 teeth on ventral margin; telson with posterior apex<br />
overreaching posterolateral spines; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
100 mm . . . *42. Af. rosenbergii<br />
Rostrum armed with 2-7 ventral teeth; telson with posterior apex not overreaching<br />
posterolateral spines; maximum postorbital carapace length about 30 mm ....<br />
14<br />
14. Three posterior pairs of pereopods with spines or scales prevalent on propodus<br />
15<br />
Three posterior pairs of pereopods without numerous spines or scales on propodus<br />
18<br />
15. Rostrum with dorsal teeth subequally spaced, except posteriormost sometimes<br />
slightly more remote 16<br />
Rostrum with dorsal teeth unequally spaced 17<br />
16. Rostrum dorsally convex; 2nd pereopods similar and subequal, fingers 2 /3 as long<br />
as palm 18. Af. hainanense<br />
Rostrum dorsally sinuous; 2nd pereopods similar but unequal, fingers longer than<br />
palm 30. Af. lorentd<br />
17. Four to 6 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; major 2nd pereopod with chela compressed *22. Af. jaroense<br />
One or 2 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; major 2nd pereopod with chela subcylindrical 47. Af. weberi<br />
18. Second pereopod with chela shorter than carpus *20. Af. idae<br />
Second pereopod with chela longer than carpus 19<br />
19. Second pereopod without denticles on opposable margin of movable finger ....<br />
*14. Af. equidens<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with double row of denticles on opposable margin of movable<br />
finger 20
22 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
20. Second pereopods similar but unequal; major 2nd pereopod with pubescence on<br />
movable finger reaching nearly to tip *25. Af. lanceifrons<br />
Second pereopods subequal; distal x h of movable finger naked<br />
44. Af. sintangense<br />
21. Major 2nd pereopod with chela less than 3 /4 as long as carpus 22<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with chela nearly as long as to much longer than carpus<br />
23<br />
22. Rostrum with dorsal teeth subequally spaced, 4 ventral teeth; branchiostegal suture<br />
not extending posteroventrally past hepatic spine; 2nd pereopod with fingers<br />
shorter than palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl<br />
and '/2 of propodus 33. Af. minutum<br />
Rostrum with dorsal teeth unequally spaced, 6-9 ventral teeth; branchiostegal<br />
suture extending posteroventrally past hepatic spine; 2nd pereopod with fingers<br />
longer than palm; 3rd pereopod barely overreaching antennal scale<br />
37. M. palaemonoides<br />
23. Second pereopods dissimilar 24<br />
Second pereopods similar (not necessarily equal) 31<br />
24. Major 2nd pereopod with chela less than 2'/2 times as long as carpus 25<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with chela more than 2'/2 times as long as carpus .... 30<br />
25. Third pereopod with propodus bare except for groups of long setae and sometimes<br />
slight pubescence or minute spinules 26<br />
Third pereopod with propodus bearing numerous appressed scales or spines over<br />
most of surface 28<br />
26. Major 2nd pereopod with chela subcylindrical, little longer than carpus; minor 2nd<br />
pereopod with palm partially furred *9. Af. australe<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with chela somewhat compressed, more than 1 '/2 times as long<br />
as carpus; minor 2nd pereopod without fur on palm 27<br />
27. Major 2nd pereopod with carpus shorter than merus, fingers not gaping<br />
*10. Af. bariense<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with carpus longer than merus, fingers strongly bowed, gaping<br />
*27. Af. latidactylus<br />
28. Minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1-272 times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and '/3-'/2 of propodus<br />
*29. Af. lepidactyloides<br />
Minor 2nd pereopod with fingers little if at all longer than palm; 3rd pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by little more than length of dactyl 29<br />
29. Major 2nd pereopod with fingers seldom more than 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus<br />
shorter than merus *39. Af. placidulum<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with fingers about as long as palm or longer, carpus longer than<br />
merus 40. Af. placidum<br />
30. Two or 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; major 2nd pereopod with fingers about 2 h as long as palm<br />
12. Af. clymene<br />
Six or 7 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin;<br />
major 2nd pereopod with fingers 1-1 3 A times as long as palm<br />
36. Af. oenone<br />
31. Major 2nd pereopod with palm somewhat compressed 32<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with palm subcylindrical 35<br />
32. Major 2nd pereopod with chela nearly or quite 3 times as long as carpus ... 33<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with chela about twice as long as carpus 34<br />
33. Three or 4 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with propodus bare except for groups of long setae and<br />
sometimes slight pubescence or minute spinules; maximum carapace length less<br />
than 10 mm II. A#. callirrhoe
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 23<br />
One or 2 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with propodus bearing numerous appressed scales or spines<br />
over most of surface; maximum carapace length more than 30 mm<br />
*28. Af. latimanus<br />
34. Major 2nd pereopod with each finger bearing row of tubercles (in mature males<br />
only) on either side of distal'/2 of opposable margin 19. Af. horstii<br />
Major 2nd pereopod without row of tubercles (even in mature males) either side of<br />
distal '/2 of opposable margin 23. Af. javanicum<br />
35. Major 2nd pereopod with chela less than twice as long as carpus, palm no longer<br />
than carpus 36<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with chela at least 3 times as long as carpus, palm longer than<br />
carpus 38<br />
36. Two or 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin 32. M. mammillodactylus<br />
Four to 6 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin 37<br />
37. Rostrum without dorsal crest; major 2nd pereopod with fingers shorter than palm;<br />
3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and x li of propodus,<br />
latter bearing numerous appressed scales or spines over most of surface<br />
*16. Af. gracilirostre<br />
Rostrum with dorsal crest; major 2nd pereopod with fingers longer than palm; 3rd<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl only; propodus bare<br />
except for groups of long setae and sometimes light pubescence or minute spinules<br />
34. Af. mirabile<br />
38. Rostrum with 2-4 ventral teeth; major 2nd pereopod with fingers shorter than palm;<br />
maximum carapace length more than 55 mm *26. Af. lar<br />
Rostrum with 1 ventral tooth; major 2nd pereopod with fingers longer than palm;<br />
maximum carapace length about 15 mm 41. Af. poeti<br />
In an attempt to minimize the danger of recording<br />
misidentifications of material collected by the Albatross<br />
Expedition, only those lots containing full-grown males with<br />
second pereopods (amounting to 40 lots and 382 specimens)<br />
are recorded below. Not included are 8 lots, 52 specimens<br />
tentatively identified as Af. australe; 1 specimen as Af.<br />
equidens; 1 lot, 3 specimens as Af. idae; 1 lot, 3 specimens as<br />
Af. lanceifrons; 9 lots, 24 specimens as Af. latidactylus; and 37<br />
lots, 632 specimens determined only to the genus Macrobrachiwn.<br />
Illustrations of the anterior carapace and third pereopod of<br />
the species presumably represented in the Albatross collections<br />
are offered in support or contradiction of our identifications.<br />
*9. Macrobrachium australe (Guerin-Meneville, 1838)<br />
FIGURE 2<br />
Palaemon australis Gue'rin-Me'neville, 1838:37 [type locality: Tahiti].<br />
P[alaemon] sundaicus Heller, 1862b:415, pi. 2: figs. 38, 39 [type locality:<br />
Java].<br />
Palaemon dispar Von Martens, 1868:41 [type locality: Pulau Adonara, east of<br />
Floras].<br />
Palaemon alphonsianus Hoffmann, 1874:33, pi. 9: figs. 63-65 [type locality:<br />
La Reunion].<br />
Palaemon parvus Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7: fig. 59 [type locality: "Nosy Faly,"<br />
Madagascar].<br />
Palaemon Malliardi Richters, 1880:166, pi. 18: figs. 1-3 [type locality:<br />
Mauritius].<br />
P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) ustulatus Nobili, 1899:241 [type locality: Rigo,<br />
southeastern Papua].<br />
Leander lepidus De Man, 1915:410, pi. 28, fig. 6 [type locality: mouths of<br />
small streams at "Oinake," east of Teluk Jos Sudarso, West New Guinea].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as or beyond<br />
FIGURE 2.—Macrobrachium australe from Malaga River, Hinunangan Bay,<br />
Leyte, Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male<br />
with carapace length of 20.0 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus,<br />
of male with carapace length of 20.2 mm; c. same, dactyl, denuded.
24<br />
level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin faintly<br />
sinuous, rostral formula: 2-4 + 7-10/2-8, usually with gap<br />
near anterior end of dorsal series; branchiostegal suture not<br />
extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with<br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin straight or slightly convex; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela less than x li as long as carpus; 2nd<br />
pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with palm subcylindrical, fingers and palm not<br />
concealed by dense pubescence, fingers dentate on opposable<br />
margins, not gaping, less than 2 /s as long as palm, chela slightly<br />
longer than carpus, palm about 3 A as long as carpus, carpus less<br />
than twice as long as merus, without longitudinal grooves;<br />
minor pereopod with fingers less than '/2 as long as palm; 3rd<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by less than length of<br />
dactyl, propodus not covered with spines or scales; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length more than 27 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Naujan River, Mindoro;<br />
[B^X 121°19TE]; 5 Jun 1908; 18 males [7.5-18.5] 4<br />
females [10.2-22.2], 2 ovig [10.5-22.2].—Malaga River,<br />
Hinunangan Bay, Leyte; [10°24X 125°12'E]; 30 Jul 1909; 8<br />
males [15.9-27.6] 6 females [11.7-15.3], 3 ovig [13.2-<br />
15.2].—Mananga River, Cebu; [10 o 14TST, 123°50^]; 25 Aug<br />
1909: 15 males [5.2-22.2] 15 females [5.9-16.3], 4 ovig<br />
[ 11.3-15.3], 3 juv [5.1-5.2].<br />
INDONESIA. Sungai Gorontalo, Celebes; [0°30 # N,<br />
123°03'E]; 15 Nov 1909; 25' seine; 30 males [6.2-20.2] 11<br />
females [4.9-15.5], 2 ovig [9.2, 9.2].<br />
RANGE.—Previously known from Madagascar and the<br />
Seychelles through the Indian Ocean to Taiwan, Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, and the Pacific islands as far as the Marshall Islands<br />
in the North Pacific and the Marquesas Islands in the South<br />
Pacific.<br />
*10. Macrobrachium bariense (De Man, 1892)<br />
FIGURE 3<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) bahensis De Man. 1892:4%, pi. 29: fig. 50 [type<br />
locality: Berit. western Flores, Indonesia].<br />
Macrobrachium bariense.—Holthuis, 1950a:236, fig. 49.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly convex,<br />
rostral formula: 4-6 + 8/2-4, teeth subequally spaced;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight or<br />
slightly convex; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long<br />
as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in<br />
form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, forming<br />
carinate flange on flexor margin, fingers and palm not<br />
concealed by dense pubescence, fingers sparsely dentate on<br />
opposable margins, not gaping, about as long as or shorter than<br />
palm, chela about twice as long as carpus, palm about 1 'A times<br />
as long as carpus, carpus somewhat shorter than merus, without<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
FIGURE 3.—Macrobrachium bariense from Malabang River, Mindanao,<br />
Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male with<br />
carapace length of 12.9 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of<br />
male with carapace length of 13.0 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded.<br />
longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers gaping,<br />
l'/2 to less than twice as long as palm; 3rd pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by about length of dactyl,<br />
propodus not covered with spines or scales; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length little more than 15 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Malabang River, Mindanao;<br />
[T3611,124°04'E]; 1 l /i m; 21 May 1908 (1500); 130' seine: 3<br />
males [10.2-13.0].<br />
RANGE.—Previously known from five Indonesian localities;<br />
also, there are specimens in the Smithsonian collections from<br />
the Palau Islands. Apparently the species has not been reported<br />
previously from the Philippines.<br />
11. Macrobrachium callirrhoe (De Man, 1898)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) callirrhoe De Man, 1898:152, pi. 8 [type locality:<br />
Sungai Mandai and Sungai Ketungau, central Borneo].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly convex,<br />
rostral formula: 3-4 + 6-7/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally<br />
spaced; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond<br />
hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching<br />
posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin slightly<br />
convex; 1st pereopod with chela x li as long as carpus; 2nd<br />
pereopods somewhat unequal in length, similar in form; major<br />
2nd pereopod with palm slightly compressed, fingers and palm<br />
not concealed by dense pubescence, fingers dentate on<br />
opposable margins, slightly gaping, shorter than palm, chela
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 25<br />
less than 3 times as long as carpus, palm less than l 2 /3 times as<br />
long as carpus, carpus shorter than merus, without longitudinal<br />
grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers about as long as<br />
palm; 3rd pereopod with propodus not covered with spines or<br />
scales; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 10 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type series from two rivers<br />
in central Borneo.<br />
ETYMOLOGY.—The specific name of this species was<br />
undoubtedly transliterated from the name assigned to any of<br />
three different women in Greek mythology or to a famous<br />
spring in Athens. Whatever the connotation, the apparently<br />
commonest spelling of the name was the one used by DeMan<br />
and repeated here: Callirrhoe.<br />
12. Macrobrachium clymene (De Man, 1902)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) clymene De Man, 1902:794, pi. 25: fig. 50 [type<br />
locality: Batang Baram, Sarawak].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching at most to level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly sinuous,<br />
rostral formula: 2-3 + 5-7/2-4, dorsal teeth subequally<br />
spaced; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond<br />
hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex reaching about to level<br />
of tips of longer posterolateral spines; antennal scale with<br />
lateral margin faintly convex; 1st pereopod with chela less than<br />
2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and<br />
dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed,<br />
fingers and palm not concealed by dense pubescence, fingers<br />
dentate on opposable margins, gaping, 2 /3 as long as palm,<br />
chela 4 times as long as carpus, palm 2'/2 times as long as<br />
carpus, carpus '/3 as long as merus, without deep longitudinal<br />
grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers more than 3 A as long<br />
as palm; 3rd pereopod not overreaching antennal scale;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length about 15 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the river in Sarawak representing<br />
the type locality.<br />
13. Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 1950<br />
Palaemon sp. Cowles, 1914:397, pi. 3: fig. 11.<br />
Macrobrachium cowlesi Holthuis, 195Oa:257 [type locality: Manila water<br />
supply, Luzon, Philippines].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennular peduncle and falling far short of that of distal<br />
extremity of antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly convex,<br />
rostral formula: 6-7 + 8/2, dorsal teeth subequally spaced;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar<br />
in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers<br />
not concealed by dense pubescence, bearing teeth and tubercles<br />
on opposable surface, gaping, subequal to palm in length, palm<br />
bearing dense patches of pubescence at extreme proximal end,<br />
chela 3 times as long as carpus, palm 1 3 A times as long as<br />
carpus, carpus shorter than merus, without longitudinal<br />
grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers less than 1 '/2 times<br />
as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by<br />
length of dactyl and x fc of propodus, latter not covered with<br />
spines or scales, maximum postorbital carapace length 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from two syntypes from the Manila<br />
water supply, Philippines, and from seven specimens recorded<br />
from Sumba in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia by<br />
Holthuis (1978b).<br />
*14. Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852)<br />
FIGURE 4<br />
Palaemon equidens Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Singapore].<br />
Palaemon sundaicus var. bataviana De Man, 1897:784 [type locality: Djakarta,<br />
Java].<br />
P[alaemon] (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. brachydactyla Nobili, 1899:238<br />
[type locality: Ambon].<br />
Pfalaemon] (Eupalaemon) acanlhosoma Nobili, 1899:242 [type locality:<br />
"Katau" [?= Binaturi River, near Fly River], Papua New Guinea].<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sundaicus var. baramensis De Man, 1902:770 [type<br />
locality: Baram River, Sarawak].<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) nasutus Nobili, 1903a:9, 1 fig. [type locality:<br />
Singapore].<br />
Palaemon sulcaius Henderson and Matthai, 1910:289, pi. 16: fig. 4 [type<br />
locality: Cochin, southern India].<br />
Palaemon sundaicus.—Cowles, 1914:355, pi. 2: fig. 3 [not P. sundaicus Heller,<br />
1862].<br />
Palaemon delagoae Stebbing, 1915:74, pi. 16 [type locality: Delagoa Bay,<br />
Mozambique].<br />
Urocaridella borradailei Stebbing, 1923:8, pi. 14 [type locality: Mhlatuze<br />
River, Natal].<br />
Macrobrachium equidens.—Holthuis, 1950a: 162, fig. 36.—Johnson,<br />
1973:283.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as or beyond<br />
level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin convex or<br />
slightly sinuous, rostral formula: 2-4 + 7-9/4-7, dorsal teeth<br />
unequally spaced, usually with wider gaps near posterior and<br />
anterior ends of series; branchiostegal suture not extending<br />
posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not<br />
overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral<br />
margin straight or convex; 1st pereopod with chela '/2 as long<br />
as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length, similar in form,<br />
palm subcylindrical, fingers covered with soft, dense pubescence,<br />
not dentate on opposable margins, not gaping (in<br />
full-grown males), about 3 A as long as palm, latter completely<br />
naked, without pubescence, chela longer than carpus, palm<br />
2 /3- 3 /4 as long as carpus, carpus l 2 /3-l 3 /4 as long as merus,<br />
without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of dactyl, propodus partially pubescent,<br />
not covered with spines or scales; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 30 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—INDONESIA. Pulau Sebatik, Borneo; [4°10 / N,<br />
1 ITAS'E)', 1 Oct 1909: 3 males [12.8-21.2].<br />
RANGE.—South Africa, southern India to Fukien Province,<br />
China, Philippines, Indonesia, and Palau Islands eastward to<br />
New Britain, the Solomon Islands, and Nigeria [possibly
26<br />
FIGURE 4.—Macrobrachium equidens from Pulau Sebatik, Borneo: a, anterior<br />
carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male with carapace length of 16.6<br />
mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male with carapace length<br />
of 21.2 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded.<br />
introduced]; high salinity brackish and salt water, rarely in pure<br />
fresh water.<br />
REMARKS.—That Holthuis (1950a) was justified in assigning<br />
Dana's name to this species is borne out by the description<br />
of its habitat by Johnson (1973:285): "M. equidens is<br />
pre-eminently an inhabitant of high-salinity brackish water. It<br />
is also found in shallow, inshore, marine waters, where it very<br />
probably is capable of breeding. It rarely enters pure<br />
freshwater." In the original description, Dana (1852a) noted<br />
that the type specimen of M. equidens was found "in mare<br />
prope portum 'Singapore'."<br />
The differences between M. equidens and M. mammillodactylus<br />
are not always apparent, especially in females and<br />
subadult males or in the absence of the second chelipeds, but<br />
there is little doubt that the two species are distinct. Cowles<br />
(1914) noted that M. equidens lacks the conspicuous T-shaped<br />
pigment mark present on the lateral surface of the carapace in<br />
fresh material of M. mammillodactylus, but the second<br />
chelipeds of M. equidens are marbled like tortoise shell,<br />
whereas they are longitudinally striped in M. mammillodactylus.<br />
The antennal scale in the specimens from Borneo is little<br />
more than three times as long as wide, in contradistinction to<br />
the proportions of 3.5 to 4 indicated by Holthuis (1950a: 165).<br />
In the illustration furnished by that author (Figure 36a),<br />
however, the scale is barely three times as long as wide.<br />
15. Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891)<br />
Palaemon escultntus Thallwitz, 1891:98 [type locality: northern Celebes].<br />
Palaemon dulcis Thallwitz, 1891:99 [type locality: northern Celebes].<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Macrobrachium esculentum.—Holthuis, 1950a:257.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, rostral formula: 5-6 + 7-8/2; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela more than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in<br />
length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm<br />
compressed, fingers not covered with dense pubescence,<br />
dentate on opposable margins, gaping, longer or shorter than<br />
palm, latter entirely covered with woolly hairs, chela longer<br />
than carpus, palm longer than carpus, carpus shorter than<br />
merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers longer than palm; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
less than 25 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known with certainty only from northern Celebes;<br />
reported from Thailand and the Philippines.<br />
<strong>•</strong>16. Macrobrachium gracilirostre (Miers, 1875)<br />
FIGURE 5<br />
Palaemon gracilirostris Miers, 1875:343 [type locality: Upolu. Samoa<br />
Islands].<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus De Man, 1892:469, pi. 27: fig. 43 [type<br />
locality: River at "Wukur," not far from Sika, southeastern Flores, Indonesia;<br />
not P. modestus Heller, 1862a].<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) modestus brevimanus J. Roux, 1934a:228, figs. 9,<br />
10 [type locality: Bimun, New Ireland].<br />
Macrobrachium sophronicum Holthuis, 1950a: 198, fig. 40 [type locality:<br />
"Wukur River," Sika, southeastern Flores, Indonesia].<br />
Macrobrachium gracilirostre.—Holthuis, 1959:199.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, faintly convex or<br />
FIGURE 5.—Macrobrachium gracilirostre, male from Malaga River, Leyte,<br />
Philippines, carapace length 15.2 mm: a, anterior carapace and appendages,<br />
lateral aspect; b. right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same, dactyl,<br />
denuded.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 27<br />
sinuous, rostral formula: 5-6 + 3-4/2, dorsal teeth more<br />
widely spaced anteriorly; branchiostegal suture not extending<br />
posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not<br />
overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral<br />
margin straight; 1 st pereopod with chela less than 2 /3 as long as<br />
carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length and similar in form,<br />
with fingers naked except for scattered setae, opposable<br />
margins dentate, not gaping noticeably, 3 A as long as palm,<br />
palm without dense pubescence, chela about 1 '/2 times as long<br />
as carpus, palm subequal to carpus in length, carpus longer than<br />
merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of dactyl and '/2 of propodus, latter<br />
covered with appressed scales; maximum carapace length<br />
about 25 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Malaga River, Hinunangan<br />
Bay, Leyte; [10°24'N, 125°12'E]; 30 Jul 1909: 3 males<br />
[14.0-18.0].<br />
RANGE.—Previously known from the Ryukyu Islands,<br />
Taiwan, the Moluccas, Lesser Sunda Islands, New Ireland, and<br />
Fiji and Samoa islands. Apparently the species has not been<br />
recorded before from the Philippines.<br />
17. Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989<br />
Macrobrachium gua Chong, 1989:32, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: stream at<br />
resurgence from Gomantong Hill, about 5°33'N, 118° 06^, Sabah, Borneo].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not quite overreaching antennal<br />
scale, dorsal margin faintly convex, rostral formula: 3-4 +<br />
6-9/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; telson with posterior<br />
apex not overreaching longer posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin nearly straight; 2nd pereopods<br />
subequal in length and similar in form, palm of major member<br />
of pair slightly compressed, fingers with surfaces more or less<br />
concealed by tufts of moderately long, velvety hairs, also on<br />
distal '/2 to 2 /3 of chela, fingers dentate on opposable margins,<br />
not appreciably gaping, nearly or fully as long as palm, chela<br />
about 4 times as long as carpus, carpus about 2 /3 as long as<br />
merus; maximum postorbital carapace length about 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality at the effluent<br />
of an underground stream in Sabah.<br />
18. Macrobrachium hainanense (Parisi, 1919)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) hainanense Parisi, 1919:87, pi. 3: fig. 1; pi. 6: figs.<br />
1, 7 [type locality: Keng-kong River, Hainan].<br />
Palaemon similis Yu, 1931:281, fig. 2 [type locality: Amoy, China].<br />
Macrobrachium hainanense.—Holthuis, 1950a: 158, fig. 35.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum falling considerably short of level of<br />
distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight or<br />
faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 3-4 + 6-11/3, dorsal teeth<br />
subequally spaced, except posteriormost often remote from<br />
2nd; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond<br />
hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching<br />
posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin<br />
straight; 1st pereopod with chela l /2 as long as carpus; 2nd<br />
pereopods subequal in length and similar in form, palm<br />
subcylindrical, fingers with narrow longitudinal band of<br />
pubescence in basal part either side of opposable margin, latter<br />
dentate, fingers not noticeably gaping, 2 /3 as long as palm, latter<br />
spinulose but not pubescent, chela 1 '/2 times as long as carpus,<br />
palm about as long as carpus, carpus l'/2 times as long as<br />
merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale little, if at all, propodus covered with<br />
spinules; maximum carapace length about 25 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Southeastern China and Java, Indonesia.<br />
19. Macrobrachium horstii (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Horstii De Man, 1892:460, pi. 27: fig. 39 [type<br />
locality: River at Polopo, central Celebes].<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) horsti brevidigitus J. Roux, 1930:358 [type<br />
locality: Bali].<br />
Macrobrachium horstii.—Holthuis, 1950a:203, fig. 42.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal margin of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin moderately convex, rostral<br />
formula: 4 + 8/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine;<br />
telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod<br />
with chela more than x li as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods<br />
subequal in length, similar in form, palm somewhat compressed,<br />
fingers and palm spinulose, not pubescent, fingers<br />
with teeth on opposable margins, not broadly gaping, '/2- 3 A as<br />
long as palm, chela less than twice as long as carpus, palm<br />
1-1'A times as long as carpus, carpus slightly longer than<br />
merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by about length of dactyl; maximum<br />
carapace length about 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Taiwan and Celebes, Bali, and Lombok, Indonesia.<br />
<strong>•</strong>20. Macrobrachium idae (Heller, 1862)<br />
FIGURE 6<br />
Plalaemon] Idae Heller. 1862b:416, pi. 2: figs. 40. 41 [type locality: Borneo).<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) ritsemae De Man, 1897:774 [type locality: Atjeh,<br />
northwestern Sumatra].<br />
P[alaemon} (Eupalaemon) Idae. var. subinermis Nobili, 1899:237 [type<br />
locality: San Guiseppe River near Innawi, Meheo District, Papua].<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Mariae Coutiere. 1900:1266 [type locality: Madagascar].<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) robustus De Man, 1902:771, pi. 24: fig. 48 [type<br />
locality: Halmahera].<br />
Macrobrachium idae.—Holthuis, 1950a: 142, fig. 33.<br />
1Macrobrachium palawanensis Johnson, 1962a:307, fig. 1 [type locality:<br />
Palawan, Philippines].<br />
?Macrobrachium palawanense.—Johnson, 1973:274, 282.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as or slightly<br />
beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin<br />
straight or faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 2-3 + 6-9/3-4,<br />
dorsal teeth rather subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture not<br />
extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with
28<br />
FIGURE 6.—Macrobrachium idae, male from Naujan River, Mindoro,<br />
Philippines, carapace length 16.7 mm: a, anterior carapace and appendages,<br />
lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same, dactyl,<br />
denuded.<br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin slightly convex; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela less than 3 times as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods similar<br />
in form but not usually equal in length, palm subcylindrical,<br />
fingers pubescent, especially either side of proximal part of<br />
opposable margins, latter dentate proximally, fingers not<br />
noticeably gaping, '/2 as long as palm, latter naked, chela<br />
shorter than carpus, palm more than x li as long as carpus,<br />
carpus more than twice as long as merus, without longitudinal<br />
grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by more<br />
than length of dactyl, propodus not covered with spines or<br />
scales; maximum postorbital carapace length about 20 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Naujan River, Mindoro;<br />
[13°16'Nf 121°19^];5 Jun 1908: 1 male [16.9].<br />
RANGE.—Madagascar to southern India, Philippines, Indonesia,<br />
and eastward as far as the Admiralty Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—The identity of the specimen assigned to this<br />
species (Figure 6) is somewhat tentative, but it agrees almost<br />
exactly with the illustrations by De Man (1902) of M. robustus,<br />
which Holthuis (1950a: 145) noted "undoubtedly belongs to M.<br />
idae."<br />
Macrobrachium palawanense may be a valid species, but we<br />
have been unable to distinguish it from M. idae on the basis of<br />
the descriptions and illustrations published by Johnson (1962a,<br />
1973). That author convincingly separated the species from M.<br />
weberi but mentioned no characters that do not apply as well to<br />
our concept of Af. idae.<br />
21. Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950<br />
Macrobrachium jacobsoni Holthuis, 1950a:227, fig. 47 [type locality:<br />
Sinabang, Pulau Simeulue, off northwestern Sumatra].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly or quite as far as<br />
level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly<br />
straight, faintly convex or sinuous, rostral formula: 5-6 +<br />
7-9/3-4, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture<br />
not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin nearly straight; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela about '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods distinctly<br />
unequal in length but rather similar in form; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with palm somewhat compressed, fingers without<br />
dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, not gaping,<br />
about as long as palm, latter partially covered with dense<br />
pubescence, chela 3'/2 times as long as carpus, palm 1 3 A times<br />
as long as carpus, carpus more than 4 /5 as long as merus,<br />
without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of dactyl or less, propodus not covered<br />
with spines or scales; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
less than 25 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the Sinabang area of Pulau<br />
Simeulue off the Indian Ocean coast of northwestern Sumatra,<br />
Indonesia, and from Mindanao, Philippines.<br />
<strong>•</strong>22. Macrobrachium jaroense (Cowles, 1914)<br />
FIGURE 7<br />
Palaemon jaroensis Cowles, 1914:385, pi. 3: fig. 8 (type locality: Hibucawan<br />
River near Jaro, Leyte. Philippines].<br />
Macrobrachium jaroense.—Holthuis, 1950a:205.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin sinuous but without distinct<br />
dorsal crest, rostral formula: 4-6 + 5-7/2(3), dorsal teeth<br />
unequally spaced, more widely separated posteriorly; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela more than 2 h as long as carpus; 2nd<br />
pereopods unequal in length but similar in form; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with palm compressed; fingers dentate on opposable<br />
margins but teeth concealed by dense pubescence on either<br />
FIGURE 7.—Macrobrachium jaroense from Mananga River, Cebu, Philippines:<br />
a. anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male with carapace<br />
length of 16.0 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male with<br />
carapace length of 16.5 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 29<br />
side, fingers slightly gaping, 3 /4-l 3 /4 times as long as palm,<br />
latter without dense pubescence, chela less than twice as long<br />
as palm, latter without dense pubescence, less than twice as<br />
long as carpus, palm about as long as carpus, carpus longer than<br />
merus, with distinct but shallow longitudinal groove on carpus;<br />
minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1 'A times as long as palm; 3rd<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and<br />
l h of propodus, latter covered with appressed scales; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length less than 20 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Mananga River, Cebu;<br />
[10°14', 123°50'E]; 25 Aug 1909: 24 males [8.2-17.8] 24<br />
females [8.3-13.8], 19 ovig [9.4-13.81].<br />
RANGE.—Known previously only from Taiwan and the 23<br />
specimens in the type series from Leyte, Philippines.<br />
23. Macrobrachium javanicum (Heller, 1862)<br />
Pfalaemon) javanicus Heller, 1862b:421, pi. 2: fig. 48 [type locality: Java].<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) negleclus De Man, 1905:201, pi. 15: fig. 6 [type<br />
locality: Mergui Archipelago and northeastern Sumatra].<br />
Macrobrachium javanicum.—Holthuis, 1950a: 190, fig. 38.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin somewhat sinuous, rostral<br />
formula: 3 + 8-10/3-5, dorsal teeth subequally spaced, except<br />
posteriormost tooth often more remote; branchiostegal suture<br />
not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with<br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin nearly straight; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length<br />
and rather similar in form, palm somewhat compressed, fingers<br />
without dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, not<br />
widely gaping, V2— 3 /4 as long as palm, latter not densely<br />
pubescent, even in part, chela twice as long as carpus, palm<br />
1-1 l /i times as long as carpus, carpus longer than merus,<br />
without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by less than length of dactyl, propodus not<br />
covered with spines or scales; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length about 32 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Mergui Archipelago, Malaya, Thailand, and Indonesia.<br />
24. Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950<br />
Macrobrachium joppae Holthuis, 1950a:233. fig. 48 [type locality: Pulau Nias,<br />
off northwestern coast of Sumatra].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not quite reaching level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula:<br />
4-5 + 9-10/4-5, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine;<br />
telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin concave; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela longer than l /i of carpus; 2nd pereopods<br />
unequal in length, dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with<br />
palm subcylindncal, fingers without dense pubescence, dentate<br />
on opposable margins, partially gaping, 3 /4-1 '/3 times as long<br />
as palm, latter with single dense patch of long, soft hair, chela<br />
3'A times as long as carpus, palm l'/3-l 3 /4 times as long as<br />
carpus, carpus as long as or slightly longer than merus, without<br />
longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers fully<br />
1 '/2 times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal<br />
scale little if at all, propodus not covered with spines or scales;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length less than 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from nine syntypes from Pulau Nias<br />
of the Indian Ocean coast of northwestern Sumatra, Indonesia.<br />
<strong>•</strong>25. Macrobrachium lanceifrons (Dana, 1852)<br />
FIGURE 8<br />
Palaemon lanceifrons Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Manila, Luzon, Philippines].—Cowles,<br />
1914:364, pi. 2: fig. 4.<br />
Palaemon lanceifrons var. montalbanensis Cowles, 1914:371, pi. 2: fig. 6 [type<br />
locality: Montalban, near Manila, Luzon, Philippines].<br />
Macrobrachium lanceifrons var. lanceifrons.—Holthuis, 1950a: 154.<br />
Macrobrachium lanceifrons var. montalbanense.—Holthuis, 1950a: 154.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly as far as to slightly<br />
beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin<br />
sinuous, sometimes simply convex, rostral formula: 1-2 +<br />
7-11/2-4, dorsal teeth subequally spaced or more widely<br />
spaced in anterior part; branchiostegal suture not extending<br />
posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not<br />
overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral<br />
margin nearly straight; 1st pereopod with chela about x li as<br />
long as carpus; 2nd pereopods somewhat unequal in length,<br />
similar in form; palm subcylindncal, fingers covered with<br />
dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, not noticeably<br />
gaping, '/2-1V2 times as long as palm, palm naked, chela<br />
slightly longer than carpus to slightly more than 1V2 times as<br />
long, palm '/2- 3 /4 as long as carpus, carpus l'/4-l 3 /4 times as<br />
long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod<br />
barely overreaching antennal scale, if at all, propodus not<br />
covered with spines or scales; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length about 20 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Santa Cruz, Laguna de Bay,<br />
Luzon; [l^nX 121°25'E]; 17 Dec 1907: 15 males [5.4-<br />
FlGURE 8.—Macrobrachium lanceifrons from Santa Cruz, Laguna de Bay,<br />
Luzon. Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male<br />
with carapace length of 14.5 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus,<br />
of male with carapace length of 16.3 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded.
30<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
FIGURE 9.—Macrobrachium lar from the Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male<br />
from Varadero Mountain, Mindoro, with carapace length of 38.2 mm; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus,<br />
of male from Nonucan River, Mindanao, with carapace length of 41.0 mm; c, same, dactyl, denuded.<br />
14.8] 15 females [6.1-10.1], 9 ovig [6.1-10.1].—Marikina<br />
River at Wawa, Luzon; [14°44', 121°1 l'E]; 1 Jan 1908; 9 males<br />
[6.4-14.8] 8 females [6.1-8.0].—Antipolo, Luzon; [14°35X<br />
121°10 / E];26 Jan 1908:1 male [16.3].<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the general vicinity of Manila,<br />
Luzon, Philippines.<br />
REMARKS.—The single male from Antipolo agrees with<br />
Cowles' description of M. lanceifrons var. montalbanense but<br />
it was collected only a few miles from the Marikina River at<br />
Wawa, where typical specimens of M. lanceifrons occurred,<br />
and we can therefore see little reason for regarding that variety<br />
as a subspecies, particularly as Cowles (1914:379) noted that<br />
both forms had similar distinctive color patterns.<br />
<strong>•</strong>26. Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798)<br />
FIGURE 9<br />
Palaemon Lar Weber, 1795:94 [nomen nudum].<br />
IPalaemon longimanus Weber, 1795:94 [nomen nudum].<br />
Palaemon Lar Fabricius, 1798:402 [type locality: "in India Dom. Daldorff' (?<br />
= Tranquebar)].<br />
IPalaemon longimanus Fabricius, 1798:402 [type locality: "in India oriental!<br />
Dom. Daldorff" (? = Tranquebar)].<br />
Palaemon ornatus Olivier, 1811:660 [type locality: East Indies].<br />
Pal[aemon] tridens White, 1847:78 [type locality: Mauritius ?].<br />
Plalaemon] vagus Heller. 1862b:417, pl.2: figs. 42,43 [type locality: Ambon].<br />
Palaemon spectabilis Heller, 1862a:527 [type locality: Tahiti].<br />
Palaemon ruber Hess, 1865:165, pi. 7: fig. 20 [type locality: Fiji Islands].<br />
Palaemon mayottensis Hoffmann, 1874:32, pi. 9: figs. 61, 62 [type locality: He<br />
de Mayotte. Comoro Islands, and I'tle Nosy Fali, Madagascar].<br />
Palaemon reunionnensis Hoffmann. 1874:33, pl.9: figs. 66, 67 [type locality:<br />
La Reunion].<br />
Palaemon madagascariensis Hoffmann, 1874:35, pi. 7: fig. 58 [type locality:<br />
Nosy Fali. N.W. Madagascar].<br />
Leander dionyx Nobili, 1905b:482, pi. 12: fig. 2 [type locality: Bogadjim (=<br />
Stephansort), Papua New Guinea].<br />
Palaemon lar.—Cowles, 1914:380, pi. 2: fig. 7.<br />
Macrobrachium lar.—Holthuis, 1950a: 176, fig. 37.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum falling slightly short of level of distal<br />
end of antennal scale, rostral formula: 2 + 5-7/2-4, posteriormost<br />
tooth of dorsal series more remote than others;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin convex; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela about '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods<br />
usually unequal in length, similar in form, palm subcylindrical,<br />
fingers bearing scattered setae not concealing surface, dentate<br />
on opposable margins, fingers usually gaping (in full-grown<br />
males), fingers from 3 A to quite as long as palm, palm not<br />
clothed in dense pubescence anywhere, chela more than 3'/2<br />
times as long as carpus, palm slightly longer than to twice as<br />
long as carpus, carpus shorter than merus, with shallow<br />
longitudinal groove; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale<br />
by less than length of dactyl, propodus bearing numerous<br />
appressed spines; maximum postorbital carapace length more<br />
than 55 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Sablan, Benguet, Luzon;<br />
[16°30', 120°40'E]; 14 Mar 1908: 2 males [35.7, 37.7].—Small<br />
creek at Varadero Bay, Mindoro; [13°3O'N, 120°59'E]; 27 Oct<br />
1909; dynamite: 2 males [15.1, 16.8] 1 female [16.3].—<br />
"Varadero Mountain," [probably] Mindoro; 23 Jul 1908: 11<br />
males [16.2-38.2] 2 females [24.3-27.7].—Calawagan River<br />
3 miles from mouth, Mindoro; [B^TSf, 120°28'E]; 11 Dec<br />
1908 (1500); 16' seine: 1 male [24.2].—Mananga River, Cebu;<br />
[10°14'N, 123°50'E]; 25 Aug 1909:2 pairs of 2nd pereopods.—<br />
Nonucan River, Iligan Bay, Mindanao; 8°13'N, 124°12'E; 6<br />
Aug 1909 (0800); dynamite: 1 male [41.0].—Small stream at<br />
Mati, PujadaBay, Mindana; [6°57'N, 126°13'E]; 15 May 1908:<br />
8 males [9.2-26.3] 7 females (20.2-20.9).<br />
INDONESIA. Stream, Pulau Ambon; [3°4O;S, 128° 10']; 5<br />
Dec 1909; dynamite: 6 males [13.0-26.0].—Ambon Market;<br />
[3°43'S, 128°12'E]; 5 Dec 1909; 1 male [24.2] 6 females
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 31<br />
[19.6-25.5], 3 ovig [19.6-25.5]).<br />
RANGE.—Widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific region<br />
from East Africa to the Marquesas Islands, probably not<br />
indigenous on Hawaii.<br />
*27. Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891)<br />
FIGURE 10<br />
Palaemon latidactylus Thallwitz, 1891:97 [type locality: northern Celebes].—<br />
Cowles, 1914:392, pi. 3: fig. 10.<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) endehensis De Man, 1892:465, pi. 27: fig. 42 [type<br />
locality: Flores, Indonesia].<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lampropus De Man, 1892:493, pi. 29: fig. 49 [type<br />
locality: Celebes and Timor, Indonesia].<br />
Macrobrachium latidactylus.—Holthuis, 1950a:239, fig. 50.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly convex, rostral formula:<br />
3-5 + 10-11/2-5, interspaces often wider near posterior and<br />
anterior ends of dorsal series; branchiostegal suture not<br />
extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with<br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with chela '/2 as<br />
long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar<br />
in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers<br />
not densely pubescent, fingers denticulate on opposable<br />
margins, gaping, 2 /3-173 times as long as palm, latter nowhere<br />
densely pubescent, chela 1 3 A times as long as carpus, palm<br />
longer than carpus, carpus l'A times as long as merus, not<br />
longitudinally grooved; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers l 2 /3<br />
times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, propodus not covered with spines or scales; maximum<br />
carapace length about 25 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. River at Tilik, Lubang Island;<br />
[13°49'N, 120°12'E]; 14 Jul 1908: 1 male [17.1].—Malabon<br />
Market [probably suburb of Manila, Luzon; 14°39'N,<br />
[120°57'E]; 8 Aug 1908: 1 male [17.7].—River at Batangas,<br />
Luzon; [13°45TS[, 121°03'E]; 7 Jun 1909: 2 males [12.0, 12.2]<br />
5 females [3.8-11.7], 2 ovig [10.0, 11.7].—"Yom River,<br />
FIGURE 10.—Macrobrachium latidactylus, male from Zamboanga River,<br />
Mindanao, Philippines, carapace length 20.2 mm: a, anterior carapace and<br />
appendages, lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same,<br />
dactyl, denuded.<br />
(Tayabas) Luzon;" 25 Feb 1909: 1 male [ 13.8].—Basud River,<br />
Luzon; [14°06TM, 123°E]; 15 Jun 1909: 1 male [10.2].—Nato<br />
River, Lagonoy Gulf, Luzon; [13°36'N, 123°33'E]; tidewater,<br />
18 Jun 1909 (0630): 24 males [6.5-13.8] 12 females [5.1-8.3],<br />
2 ovig [8.0, 8.3].—Yawn River. Legaspi, Luzon; [mCN,<br />
123°45'E]; 7 Jun 1909 (0600): 36 males [4.9-21.5] 21 females<br />
[8.0-13.8], 14 ovig [8.0-13.4].—"Damaea River," Luzon; 25<br />
Feb 1909: 2 males [12.2, 15.8].—Naujan River, Mindoro;<br />
[13°16X 121°19'E]; 5 Jun 1908: 12 males [6.0-15.0] 3<br />
females [4.6-10.3], 2 ovig [8.6, 10.3].—Pangauaran River,<br />
Port Caltom, Busuanga Island; [12°llH 120°05'E]; 16 Dec<br />
1908 (0700); 25' seine: 2 males [11.0, 12.9] 1 ovig female<br />
[12.0].—Malaga River, Hinunangan Bay, Leyte; [10°24'N,<br />
125°12'E]; 30 Jul 1909: 10 males [13.0-20.0].—Surigao<br />
River, Mindanao; [9°48'N, 125°29'E]; 8 May 1908: 8 May<br />
1908: 1 male [10.3].—Vicars Landing, Lake Lanao, Mindanao;<br />
[7°47TS[, 124°1 l'E]; 22 May 1908; seine: 4 males [7.2-18.5].—<br />
Zamboanga River, Mindanao; [6°54'N, 122°04TE]; 9 Oct 1909:<br />
1 male [20.2].<br />
RANGE.—Malaya, Taiwan, Philippines, and Indonesia.<br />
*28. Macrobrachium latimanus (Von Martens, 1868)<br />
FIGURE 11<br />
Palfaemon] latimanus Von Martens, 1868:44 [type locality Loquilocon,<br />
Samar, Philippines].<br />
Palaemon euryrhynchus Ortmann, 1891:738, pi. 47: fig. 12 [type locality: Fiji<br />
Islands].<br />
FIGURE 11.—Macrobrachium latimanus, male collected at altitude of<br />
1200-1800 meters on Mount Apo, Mindanao, Philippines, by E.A. Meams.<br />
1904 (USNM 53869). carapace length 32.0 mm: a, anterior carapace and<br />
appendages, lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus; c, same,<br />
dactyl, denuded.
32<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) singalangensis Nobili, 1900a:487 [type locality:<br />
"Aier Mantcior, presso il Monte Singalang," Sumatra].<br />
Macrobrachium latimanus.—Holthuis, 1950a:205, fig. 43.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin convex, rostral formula: 1-2 +<br />
5-10/2-4, dorsal teeth typically more crowded anteriorly;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight or<br />
slightly concave; 1st pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus;<br />
2nd pereopods subequal in length, similar in form, palm<br />
compressed, fingers not densely pubescent, fingers dentate on<br />
opposable margins, not noticeably gaping, '/2 to quite as long<br />
as palm, latter nowhere densely pubescent, chela about 3 times<br />
as long as carpus, palm 1-2 times as long as carpus, carpus<br />
shorter than merus, with faint longitudinal groove; 3rd<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by less than length of<br />
dactyl, propodus rather densely spinulose; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length more than 30 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Stream at Maagnas, Lagonoy<br />
Gulf, Luzon; [13°43X 123°4O / E]; 17 Jun 1909: 1 male [15.0]<br />
1 female [10.0].<br />
RANGE.—India, Sri Lanka, Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, and<br />
Indonesia, eastward to the Marquesas Islands.<br />
<strong>•</strong>29. Macrobrachium lepidactyloides (De Man, 1892)<br />
FIGURE 12<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) lepidactyloides De Man, 1892:497, pi. 29: fig. 51<br />
[type locality: "Raka-mbaha, W. Flores" (Holthuis. 195Oa:251)].<br />
Palaemon lepidactylus.—Cow\es, 1914:389, pi. 3: fig. 9. [Not P. lepidactylus<br />
Hilgendorf, 1879.]<br />
Macrobrachium hirtimanus.—Holthuis, 1950a:245 [part], fig. 51a.<br />
Macrobrachium lepidactyloides.—Holthuis, 1952a:210, pi. 15: fig. 2.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not nearly reaching level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale, dorsal margin somewhat sinuous, rostral<br />
formula: 5-7 + 4-6/2-4, dorsal teeth unequally spaced;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods<br />
unequal in length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod<br />
with palm compressed, fingers not densely pubescent, fingers<br />
dentate on opposable margins, not markedly gaping, longer<br />
than palm, latter nowhere densely pubescent, chela more than<br />
twice as long as carpus, palm about as long as carpus, carpus<br />
about as long as merus, with shallow longitudinal groove;<br />
minor 2nd pereopod with fingers about 1 3 A times as long as<br />
palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of<br />
dactyl and about '/2 of propodus, propodus bearing numerous<br />
flattened spines or subacute scales; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length more than 25 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Zamboanga River, Mindanao:<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
FIGURE 12.—Macrobrachium lepidactyloides. male from Zamboanga River,<br />
Mindanao, Philippines, carapace length 16.3 mm: a. anterior carapace and<br />
appendages, lateral aspect; b, right 3rd pereopod. dactyl, and propodus; c, same,<br />
dactyl, denuded.<br />
[6°54X 122°O4'E]; 9 Oct 1909: 3 males [16.2-19.01 1 ovig<br />
female [10.6].<br />
RANGE.—Philippines, Indonesia, and Fiji Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—The two males from the Zamboanga River in<br />
which the major second cheliped is intact have the palm less<br />
broad than it is in typical specimens of the species, much as in<br />
M. placidum, suggesting the possibility that M. lepidactyloides<br />
and P. placidum may eventually prove to be indistinguishable.<br />
30. Macrobrachium lorentd (J. Roux, 1921)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) lorentzi J. Roux, 1921:5%, pi. 16: figs. 1-3 [type<br />
locality: Sungai Lorentz basin, southwestern New Guinea (Irian Jaya)].<br />
Macrobrachium lorentzi.—Holthuis, 195Oa:213, fig. 44.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale,<br />
dorsal margin distinctly sinuous, rostral formula: 3-4 +<br />
6-10/2-4, dorsal teeth subequal ly spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson<br />
with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines;<br />
antennal scale with lateral margin straight or slightly concave;<br />
1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd<br />
pereopods unequal in length but similar in form, palm slightly<br />
compressed, fingers densely pubescent, fingers partially dentate<br />
on opposable margins, not gaping, 1-1 '/2 times as long as<br />
palm, latter nowhere densely pubescent, chela 1 '/2-1 3 A times<br />
as long as carpus, palm 2 /3- 3 A as long as palm, carpus longer<br />
than merus, with shallow longitudinal groove; 3rd pereopod<br />
barely overreaching antennal scale, propodus somewhat spi-
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 33<br />
nose; maximum postorbital carapace length about 25 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from Papua New Guinea and western<br />
New Guinea (Irian Jaya).<br />
31. Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pilimanus malayanus J. Roux, 935b:32 [type<br />
locality: "Lasah, Plus Valley, East Perak." Malay Peninsula].<br />
Macrobrachium geron Holthuis, 1950a:258, fig. 52 [type locality: Pulau<br />
Bangka, east of Sumatra, Indonesia].<br />
Macrobrachium malayanum.—Chong and Khoo, 1987a:904, figs. 1-3,4a.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not or barely overreaching antennal<br />
scale, dorsal margin straight or convex, rostral formula: 3-4 +<br />
5-8/3-6, dorsal teeth slightly more widely spaced posteriorly<br />
than anteriorly; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly<br />
beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching<br />
posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin<br />
nearly straight; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long as<br />
carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in<br />
form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers and<br />
palm covered with dense carpet of short velvety hair, fingers<br />
dentate on opposable margins, not widely gaping, chela at least<br />
twice as long as carpus, no longer than merus; minor 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers slightly shorter than palm; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 17 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo;<br />
slow to rapid flowing streams in or near forested areas.<br />
32. Macrobrachium mammillodactylus (Thallwitz, 1892)<br />
FIGURE 13<br />
Palaemon idae var. mammillodactylus Thallwitz, 1892:15 [type locality:<br />
Luzon, Philippines, or northern Celebes (ace. to Holthuis, 1950a:150)].<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Wolterstorffi Nobili, 1900b: 1 [type locality: Surabaja,<br />
eastern Java].<br />
Palaemon philippinensis Cowles, 1914:340, pi. 2: fig. 2 [type locality: San Juan<br />
and Pasig rivers, near Manila, Philippines].<br />
7Palaemon talaverae Blanco, 1939a: 168, pi. 2 [type locality: Lake Sampaloc,<br />
San Pablo, Laguna Province, Luzon, Philippines].<br />
Macrobrachium mammillodactylus.—Holthuis, 1950a: 148, fig. 34.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum variable, not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, dorsal margin somewhat sinuous, rostral formula: 2-3 +<br />
9-12/2-5, dorsal teeth more widely spaced posteriorly than<br />
anteriorly; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly<br />
beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching<br />
posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin<br />
straight or concave; 1st pereopod with chela less than '/2 as<br />
long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length and similar in<br />
form, palm subcylindrical, fingers not densely pubescent,<br />
partially dentate on opposable margins, gaping slightly, not<br />
widely, '/2 to quite as long as palm, latter nowhere densely<br />
pubescent, chela 1V4-IV2 times as long as carpus, palm '/2 to<br />
quite as long as carpus, carpus as long as to twice as long as<br />
merus, not longitudinally grooved; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by more than length of dactyl, propodus not<br />
FIGURE 13.—Macrobrachium mammillodactylus from Luzon, Philippines: a,<br />
anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male collected by D.G. Frey<br />
from Aringay River, La Union, with carapace length of 25.1 mm; b, right 3rd<br />
pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male from San Juan River, near Manila<br />
(identified by R.P. Cowles as Palaemon philippinensis), with carapace length<br />
of 28.0 mm (USNM 54619); c, same, dactyl, denuded.<br />
profusely spinose or scaly but bearing numerous minute spines;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length more than 40 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Philippines and Indonesia.<br />
33. Macrobrachium minutum (J. Roux, 1917)<br />
Palaemon minutus J. Roux, 1917:599, pi. 27: figs. 1-3 [type locality: Sentani<br />
Lake, northeastern Irian Jaya (West New Guinea)].<br />
Macrobrachium minutum.—Holthuis, 1950a: 140, fig. 32.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum slightly overreaching antennal scale<br />
or not, dorsal margin faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 3 +<br />
9-10/4, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture<br />
not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with<br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin slightly concave; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods slightly unequal in
34<br />
length but nearly similar in form, palm subcylindrical, fingers<br />
not covered with dense pubescence, partially dentate on<br />
opposable margins, not gaping, '/2- 2 /3 as long as palm, latter<br />
without any dense pubescence, chela less than 3 /4 as long as<br />
carpus, palm about 2 /s as long as carpus, carpus 1 3 A times as<br />
long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyls and x li of<br />
propodus, propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length less than 15 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in Sentani<br />
Lake, Irian Jaya.<br />
34. Macrobrachium mirabile (Kemp, 1917)<br />
Palaemon mirabilis Kemp, 1917:227, pi. 10 [type locality: Rangoon, Burma (=<br />
Myanmar)].<br />
Macrobrachium mirabile.—Holthuis, 1950a: 174.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not nearly reaching level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale, with rather high dorsal crest, rostral formula:<br />
4-6 + 9-10/1-2, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine;<br />
telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1 st pereopod<br />
with chela more than l /2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods<br />
subequal in length and similar in form, palm subcylindrical,<br />
fingers not concealed by dense pubescence, not dentate on<br />
opposable margins, not gaping, fingers l 2 /3 times as long as<br />
palm, latter without any dense pubescence, chela 1 3 /4 times as<br />
long as carpus, palm less than 3 /4 as long as carpus, carpus more<br />
than 3 A as long as merus, not longitudinally grooved; 3rd<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl,<br />
propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; maximum carapace<br />
length less than 15 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Brackish water in the Gangetic delta, Burma<br />
(Myanmar), Thailand, and Borneo.<br />
REMARKS.—Kemp (1917:230, 231) obviously believed this<br />
species to be more closely related to the species of Leander (=<br />
Palaemon) than to those of Palaemon (= Macrobrachium), but<br />
the presence of an hepatic spine led him to assign it to the latter<br />
genus, in order to avoid tampering with accepted classification.<br />
Examination of specimens from Thailand in the Smithsonian<br />
collections indicates to us that the species does not belong in<br />
the genus Macrobrachium, because of the form of the second<br />
pereopods, the unusually long and slender fourth and fifth<br />
pereopods, and the possibility that females may be larger than<br />
males (as in most palaemonid genera except Macrobrachium.)<br />
On the other hand, the species does not fit comfortably in<br />
Palaemon because of the presence of an hepatic spine and<br />
perhaps other characters. The assignment of the species to a<br />
distinct, monotypic genus would seem to be the best solution to<br />
the problem. Only the absence of males in our collections and<br />
the hope that they may reveal generic characters other than<br />
those displayed by the females has prevented us from<br />
proposing such a genus here.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
35. Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984<br />
Macrobrachium natulorum Holthuis, 1984a:164, figs. 2, 3 [type locality: Jawej<br />
River nearTigi Lake, Wissel Lakes, Irian Jaya, Indonesia].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not nearly reaching level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly sinuous, rostral<br />
formula: 4-5 + 9-13/2-3, dorsal teeth nearly subequally<br />
spaced; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond<br />
hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching<br />
posterior spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela 2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods<br />
unequal in length and dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod<br />
with palm slightly compressed, fingers concealed by dense<br />
pubescence, dentate on opposable margins, somewhat gaping,<br />
slightly longer than palm, palm with distal end clothed in dense<br />
pubescence-like fingers, chela more than twice as long as<br />
carpus, palm about as long as carpus, carpus about as long as<br />
merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers twice as long as palm; 3rd pereopod barely, if at all,<br />
overreaching antennal scale, propodus neither spinose nor<br />
scaly; maximum postorbital carapace length 25 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Wissel Lakes region, Irian Jaya (New Guinea),<br />
Indonesia.<br />
36. Macrobrachium oenone (De Man, 1902)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone De Man, 1902:784, pi. 25: fig. 49 [type<br />
locality: northern Halmahera).<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) oenone papuana J. Roux, 1927:324, fig. 2 [type<br />
locality: Mamberamo River, northern Irian Jaya].<br />
Macrobrachium oenone.—Holthuis, 1950a:256.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale,<br />
dorsal margin convex or faintly sinuous, rostral formula: 6-7 +<br />
6-9/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture<br />
not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with<br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela l /2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods<br />
unequal in length, somewhat dissimilar in form; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with palm somewhat compressed, fingers not<br />
concealed by dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins,<br />
somewhat gaping, fingers 1—1 3 A times as long as palm, latter<br />
without any dense pubescence, chela 2 3 /4-3'A as long as<br />
carpus, palm l'/3-l'/2 times as long as carpus, carpus 9 /io as<br />
long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers twice as long as palm; 3rd pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl and l /2 of<br />
propodus; propodus not profusely spinose or scaly; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length less than 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Halmahera and New Guinea.<br />
37. Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950<br />
Macrobrachium palaemonoides Holthuis, 1950a: 136, fig. 31 [type locality:<br />
"Lake Tawar, Laulo Lake, northern Simaloer, off Sumatra" at 2°50'N,<br />
95°50'E].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, dorsal
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 35<br />
margin sinuous, rostral formula: 1-2 + 6-7/6-9, dorsal teeth<br />
unequally spaced; branchiostegal suture extending posteroventrally<br />
beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not<br />
overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral<br />
margin straight or slightly concave; 1st pereopod with chela '/2<br />
as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length, similar in<br />
form, palm subcylindrical, fingers not clothed in dense<br />
pubescence, not dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, 1 '/3<br />
times as long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence,<br />
chela more than '/2 as long as carpus, palm 'A as long as carpus,<br />
carpus l'/2 times as long as merus, without longitudinal<br />
grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by more<br />
than length of dactyl, propodus not profusely spinose or scaly;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length less than 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality, about which<br />
L.B. Holthuis has contributed the following remarks: "The type<br />
locality of M. palaemonoides is Lake Tawar (= Lake Laulo =<br />
Laut Tawar = Bawa Laulo) in N. Simaloer (= Simalur =<br />
Simeuloee = Simeuloee = Simeulue) at 2°50'N 95°50'E. The<br />
collector (W.C. van Heurn) wrote in a letter of 16 August 1913<br />
from Sibigo, N. Simaloer: 'Day before yesterday we started<br />
early in a canoe with 1 boy and 3 oarsmen. First we crossed the<br />
Bay (= Sibigo Bay), 1 hour rowing, then we entered the Lauloe<br />
River, but soon the rain came down in torrents and the river<br />
started to flood, so that we progressed but extremely slowly,<br />
fighting barricades of floating bamboo, fallen trees, creepers<br />
hanging down over the water, etc. After wrestling that way for<br />
5 hours we reached Laut Tawar (= Tawar Lake). This<br />
freshwater lake is supposed to be bewitched and by now I<br />
believe it really is.' And then follows a sorrowful tale of all the<br />
bad luck they had. Van Heurn was notorious because of his<br />
pessimistic view of everything, but in the meantime he got<br />
excellent collections together. Anyhow you can be certain that<br />
the type locality is Laulo Lake (= Lake Tawar), N. Simeulue. In<br />
my paper with A.M. Husson (1973) on 'Jonkheer Drs. Willem<br />
Cornelis von Heurn (1887-1972)' in Zoologische Bijdragen,<br />
Leiden, no. 16, you will find a sketch map of Simeulue on p. 14<br />
(fig. 2), and on p. 15 the Dutch lines, cited above in<br />
translation."<br />
REMARKS.—This species, like M. mirabile, is retained in the<br />
genus Macrobrachium with considerable reservation. Except<br />
for the presence of an hepatic spine and the absence of a<br />
branchiostegal spine, it would almost certainly be assigned to<br />
the genus Palaemon, as suggested by the unique posteroventral<br />
extension of the branchiostegal suture. On the other hand, the<br />
hepatic spine in M. palaemonoides is situated dorsal to the<br />
branchiostegal suture, whereas, in Palaemon, the branchiostegal<br />
spine—which seems to be the ontogenetic homologue of<br />
the hepatic spine (see Holthuis, 1950a: 130, fig. 29)—is situated<br />
ventral to the anterior end of the branchiostegal suture.<br />
38. Macrobrachium pilimanus (De Man, 1879)<br />
Palaemon pilimanus De Man, 1879:181 [type locality: Muaralabuh, near<br />
Padang, western Sumatra].<br />
Palaemon pilimanus, var. leptodactylus De Man, 1892:476, pi. 28: fig. 44i-l<br />
[type locality: Bogor, Java].<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) pygmaeus J. Roux, 1928b:222, figs. 1-4 [type<br />
locality: "Kastobo" Lake, Pulau Bawean, Java Sea].<br />
Macrobrachium pilimanus.—Holthuis, 1950a:214.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin convex, rostral formula: 3-5 +<br />
6-10/1-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson<br />
with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines;<br />
antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela 2 /3 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length but<br />
rather similar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm<br />
compressed, fingers with surfaces more or less concealed by<br />
long, soft hairs, dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, 3 A<br />
to quite as long as palm, much of latter covered by long, soft<br />
hairs, chela more than 5 times as long as carpus, palm 1 'A to<br />
more than twice as long as carpus, carpus '/2- 2 /3 as long as<br />
merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers 1 x ji times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by about length of dactyl, propodus not<br />
profusely spinose or scaly; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length 28 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Malaya, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.<br />
*39. Macrobrachium placidulum (De Man, 1892)<br />
FIGURE 14<br />
IPalaemon spinimanus Latreille, 1818:5, pi. 319: fig. 1 [type locality ?].<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium)placidulus De Man, 1892:489, pi. 28: fig. 48 [type<br />
localities: Celebes, Pulau Selajar, Flores, and Timor].<br />
Macrobrachium placidulum.—Holthuis, 1950a:253, fig. 51c.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin convex, rostral formula: 4-6 +<br />
5-7/1-2, dorsal teeth more widely spaced anteriorly than<br />
posteriorly; branchiostegal suture very short, not extending<br />
posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not<br />
overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral<br />
margin concave; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long<br />
as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and somewhat<br />
dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed,<br />
fingers not clothed in dense pubescence, dentate on opposable<br />
margins, slightly gaping, 2 /3-l'/3 times as long as palm, palm<br />
without any dense pubescence, chela 1 '/2-2'/3 times as long as<br />
as carpus, palm 2 /3-l '/3 times as long as carpus, carpus shorter<br />
than merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers 2 /5- 9 /io as long as palm; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by more than length of dactyl, propodus<br />
bearing rather numerous subacute scales; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length less than 20 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Calawagan River, Mindoro, 3<br />
miles from mouth, Mindoro; [13°25TSf, 12O°28'E]; 11 Dec 1908<br />
(1500); 16' seine: 1 male [15.0].—Yawa River, Legaspi,
36<br />
FIGURE 14.—Macrobrachium placidulum from the Philippines: a, anterior<br />
carapace and appendages, lateral aspect, of male from Zamboanga River,<br />
Mindanao, with carapace length of 12.7 mm; b. right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and<br />
propodus, of male from Yawa River, Luzon, with carapace length of 10.2 mm;<br />
c, same, dactyl, denuded.<br />
Luzon; [13°10TSf, 123°45'E]; 7 Jun 1909 (0600): 5 males<br />
[7.7-11.1] 1 ovig female [8.8].—Malaga River, Hinunangan<br />
Bay, Leyte; [10°24'N, 125°12 / E]; 30 Jul 1909: 3 males<br />
[12.0-13.5].—Zamboanga River, Mindanao; [6°54'N,<br />
122°04'E];9Oct 1909: 1 male [12.7].<br />
RANGE.—This species seems not to have been recorded<br />
previously from the Philippines. It was known from eastern<br />
Indonesia from Makassar Strait to New Guinea, as well as from<br />
New Hanover in the Bismarck Archipelago, Palau, and Fiji.<br />
40. Macrobrachium placidum (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Macrobrachium) placidus De Man, 1892:483, pi. 28: fig. 46 [type<br />
locality: Kajutanam, north of Padang, western Sumatra].<br />
Macrobrachium placidum.—Holthuis, 1950a:251, fig. 51b.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin slightly convex, rostral formula:<br />
5-7 + 4-6/2-4, dorsal teeth rather subequally spaced;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; 1st pereopod with chela more than '/2 as long as<br />
carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and dissimilar in<br />
form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed, fingers not<br />
clothed in dense pubescence, dentate on opposable margins,<br />
fingers slightly gaping proximally, longer or shorter than palm,<br />
palm without any dense pubescence, chela twice as long as<br />
carpus, palm longer or shorter than carpus, carpus 1 'A-l '/2 as<br />
long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; minor 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers longer or shorter than palm; 3rd<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl,<br />
propodus bearing numerous small spines; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 25 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Ryukyu Islands and western Sumatra and Java,<br />
Indonesia.<br />
REMARKS.—As noted under M. lepidactyloides, there is a<br />
possibility that that species may eventually prove to be<br />
synonymous with M. placidum.<br />
41. Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984<br />
Macrobrachium poeti Holthuis, 1984b: 143, fig. 1 [type locality: Luwang<br />
Jurangjero, south central Java (8°S, 111°E), about 100 m below entrance).<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula:<br />
4-5 + 5-8/1, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson<br />
with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines;<br />
antennal scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela 3 /5 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in length<br />
and similar in form, palm subcylindrical, fingers without dense<br />
pubescence, denticulate on opposable margins, not gaping, 1 '/3<br />
times as long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence,<br />
chela 3 times as long as carpus, palm l'/2 times as long as<br />
carpus, carpus more than '/2 as long as merus, without<br />
longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale<br />
by length of dactyl, propodus without numerous spines or<br />
scales; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 15 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Caves in the Pegunungan Sewu region, near the<br />
south coast of central Java, Indonesia.<br />
<strong>•</strong>42. Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)<br />
FIGURE 15<br />
Palaemon Rosenbergii De Man, 1879:167 [type locality: Andai, northwestern<br />
Irian Jay a].<br />
P[alaemon] whitei (Gue'rin-Me'neville ms) Sharp, 1893:122 [type locality:<br />
Bombay].<br />
Palaemon spinipes Schenkel, 1902:501, pi. 9: fig. 7 [type locality: Kema,<br />
Minahasa, northeastern Celebes; not P. spinipes Desmarest, 1817].<br />
Palaemon d'Acqueti Sunier, 1925:cxvii [type locality: Ambon ?].<br />
Palaemon carcinus.—Cowles, 1914:324, pi. 1: fig. 1 [not Cancer carcinus<br />
Linnaeus, 1758].<br />
Macrobrachium rosenbergii.—Holthuis, 1950a: 111, fig. 25.—Kuris, Ra'anan,<br />
Sagi, and Cohen, 1987:219.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale or not,<br />
dorsal margin variably sinuous, rostral formula: 2-3 +<br />
9-11/8-15, dorsal teeth unequally spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson<br />
with posterior apex overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin straight; 1st pereopod with chela<br />
less than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods subequal in<br />
length and similar in form, palm subcylindrical or somewhat<br />
compressed, movable finger clothed in dense pubescence on
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 37<br />
FIGURE 15.—Macrohrachium rosenbergii from the Philippines: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral<br />
aspect, of male collected from Jaro River, Panay, by H.C. Keller (Naval Eclipse Expedition, 1929), with carapace<br />
length of 66.0 mm (USNM 10526); b, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl, and propodus, of male from Zamboanga River,<br />
Mindanao, with carapace length of 81.3 mm; same, dactyl, denuded.<br />
proximal 3 A of length (in adults), fixed finger without<br />
pubescence, fingers dentate on proximal '/2 of opposable<br />
margins (in adults), somewhat gaping in large males, 3 /4 to<br />
quite as long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence,<br />
chela slightly to l 3 /4 times as long as carpus, palm x ji to quite<br />
as long as carpus, carpus slightly to nearly 1 '/2 times as long as<br />
merus, with indistinct longitudinal groove; 3rd pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by less than length of dactyl,<br />
propodus bearing rather numerous spines or sharp scales;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length about 100 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Zamboanga River, Mindanao;<br />
[6°54'N, 122°04'E]; 9 Oct 1909: 1 male [81.3].<br />
RANGE.—India to southern China, Philippines, Indonesia,<br />
and northern Australia, in fresh, brackish, and sometimes salt<br />
water; widely introduced elsewhere throughout the tropical and<br />
subtropical parts of the world in propagation operations.<br />
REMARKS.—Although Johnson (1973) made a fairly convincing<br />
case for the recognition of at least two geographic<br />
subspecies of M. rosenbergii, subsequent analyses of sympatric<br />
male morpho-types (e.g., Kuris, Ra'anan, Sagi, and Cohen,<br />
1987) suggest that causative factors for the variability of the<br />
species may be more complex than realized heretofore. The<br />
single large male in the Albatross collection, from the<br />
Zamboanga River, Mindanao, Philippines, seems to represent<br />
the typical variety on the basis of the characters proposed by<br />
Johnson, but it is apparent that far more effort must be devoted<br />
to the problem before a satisfactory solution is obtainable.<br />
43. Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862)<br />
Palaemon scahriculus Heller, 1862a:527 [type locality: Sri Lanka].<br />
Palaemon (s.s.) dolichodactylus Hilgendorf, 1879:840, pi. 4: fig. 18 [type<br />
locality: Tete, Mozambique].<br />
Plalaemon] dubius Henderson and Matthai, 1910:300, pi. 18: fig. 9 [type<br />
locality: Chingleput District, SE. India].<br />
Macrobrachium scabriculum.—Holthuis, 1950a:224.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of<br />
antennal scale, dorsal margin convex, rostral formula: 4-5 +<br />
8-10/2-3, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal<br />
suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson<br />
with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines;<br />
antennal scale with lateral margin concave; 1 st pereopod with<br />
chela '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and<br />
dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm compressed,<br />
fingers densely pubescent at extreme proximal ends, dentate on<br />
opposable margins, gaping, about as long as palm, palm<br />
completely covered in dense pubescence (in large males), chela<br />
2 3 /4-3'/2 times as long as carpus, palm 1 '/3 to twice as long as<br />
carpus, carpus from 4 /5 to quite as long as merus, with distinct<br />
longitudinal groove; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1 'A-1 '/2<br />
times as long as palm; 3rd pereopod not overreaching antennal<br />
scale; maximum postorbital carapace length about 40 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Madagascar, India, Sri Lanka, and<br />
Indian Ocean coast of Sumatra.
38<br />
44. Macrobrachium sintangense (De Man, 1898)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) elegans De Man, 1892:440, pi. 26: fig. 36 [type<br />
locality: Bogor and "Sinagar," Java; not P. elegans Rathke, 1837].<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) sintangensis De Man, 1898:138, pi. 6 [type locality:<br />
Sintang. Kapuas River, Borneo].<br />
Macrobrachium sintangense.—Holthuis, 1950a: 151.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically overreaching antennal<br />
scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula: 2-3 +<br />
7-10/2-5, dorsal teeth unequally or subequally spaced;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spine; telson with posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral<br />
spines; antennal scale with lateral margin straight or<br />
concave; 1st pereopod with chela ! /2 as long as carpus; 2nd<br />
pereopods subequally long and similar in form, palm subcylindrical,<br />
fingers partially clothed in dense pubescence, dentate (in<br />
adults) on opposable margins, not gaping, 3 /4-l'A times as<br />
long as palm, palm without any dense pubescence, chela<br />
slightly longer than carpus, palm '/2- 3 /4 as long as carpus,<br />
carpus lV2-l 3 /4 as long as merus, without longitudinal groove;<br />
3rd pereopod with propodus not profusely spinose or scaly;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length 20 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Malaya, Thailand, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.<br />
45. Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950<br />
Macrobrachium sulcicarpale Holthuis, 1950a:220, fig. 45 [type locality:<br />
Bangkalan River. Pulau Salajar, Indonesia].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly straight, rostral formula:<br />
6 + 9/2, dorsal teeth subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture<br />
not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic spine; telson with<br />
posterior apex not overreaching posterolateral spines; antennal<br />
scale with lateral margin concave; 1st pereopod with chela '/2<br />
as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods unequal in length and<br />
dissimilar in form; major 2nd pereopod with palm subcylindrical,<br />
fingers with proximal portions clothed in dense pubescence,<br />
dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, 1 '/2 times as<br />
long as palm, palm clothed distally in dense pubescence, bare<br />
proximally, chela twice as long as carpus, palm shorter than<br />
carpus, carpus longer than merus, with 2 deep longitudinal<br />
grooves; minor 2nd pereopod with fingers 1 '/2 times as long as<br />
palm; 3rd pereopod without numerous spines or scales on<br />
propodus; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 20<br />
mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique holotype from Pulau<br />
Salajar, Indonesia.<br />
46. Macrobrachium trompii (De Man, 1898)<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) Trompii De Man, 1898:144, pi. 7 [type locality:<br />
"Kapuas Basin," central Borneo].<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) thienemanni J. Roux, 1932:570, figs. a,b [type<br />
locality: Sungai Musi, near Muarakelingi, southern Sumatra].<br />
Palaemon (Parapalaemon) trompi armatus J. Roux, 1936:30 [type locality:<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Gunong Pulai Estate, Johor, Malaysia].<br />
Macrobrachium trompii.—Holthuis, 1950a:211.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching as far as or slightly beyond<br />
level of distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin nearly<br />
straight, rostral formula: 3-4 + 7-8/4-6, dorsal teeth<br />
subequally spaced; branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly<br />
beyond hepatic spine; telson with posterior apex not<br />
overreaching posterolateral spines; 1st pereopod with chela less<br />
than '/2 as long as carpus; 2nd pereopods nearly subequal in<br />
length and slightly dissimilar in form, palm somewhat<br />
compressed, fingers densely pubescent, dentate on opposable<br />
margins, not gaping, slightly shorter than palm, palm pubescent<br />
distally, chela l'A-l 3 /4 times as long as carpus, palm 3 A to<br />
quite as long as carpus, carpus slightly longer than merus,<br />
without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of dactyl, propodus not profusely<br />
spinose or scaly; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
16 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Malaya, Sumatra, and Borneo.<br />
47. Macrobrachium weberi (De Man, 1892)<br />
Palaemon (Eupalaemon) Weberi De Man. 1892:421, pi. 25: fig. 33 [type<br />
locality: southwestern Celebes].<br />
Macrobrachium weberi.—Holthuis. 1950a: 122, fig. 26—Johnson, 1973:280.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to or beyond level of<br />
distal end of antennal scale, dorsal margin sinuous, rostral<br />
formula: 1-2 + 9-12/4-6, dorsal teeth unequally spaced;<br />
branchiostegal suture not extending posteriorly beyond hepatic<br />
spines; telson with posterior apex not extending posteriorly<br />
beyond posterolateral spines; antennal scale with lateral margin<br />
slightly convex; 2nd pereopods unequal in length but similar in<br />
form, palm subcylindrical, fingers clothed in dense pubescence,<br />
dentate on opposable margins, not gaping, fingers '/2 as long as<br />
palm, palm without any dense pubescence, chela shorter than<br />
carpus, palm less than 2 /i as long as carpus, carpus 1 3 /4 times as<br />
long as merus, without longitudinal grooves; 3rd pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by less or more than length of<br />
dactyl, propodus bearing numerous small, appressed spines;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length about 30 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Perhaps confined to Celebes.<br />
Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 1950<br />
Nematopalaemon Holthuis, 195Oa:5, 9, 44 [type species, by original<br />
designation: Leander tenuipes Henderson, 1893:440; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with elevated basal crest; carapace<br />
with marginal branchiostegal spine, without branchiostegal<br />
suture or hepatic spine; mandible with palp; 3 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, longer than<br />
propodus; 1st pleopod of male without appendix interna on<br />
endopod.<br />
RANGE.—South Africa, India, Burma, Philippines, Taiwan,<br />
eastern Pacific off Colombia, Guiana region of northeastern
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 39<br />
South America, and West Africa from Liberia to Angola;<br />
littoral in marine, brackish, and freshwater habitats.<br />
REMARKS.—The elevated crest at the base of the rostrum,<br />
combined with the long, tenuous posterior pereopods, seems<br />
sufficient cause to grant full generic recognition to the<br />
Key to Species of Nematopalaemon<br />
subgenus Nematopalaemon, as used by Holthuis (1980:107).<br />
Of the five closely related species distinguished in the<br />
following key, only one seems to be known from the<br />
Philippine-Indonesian region.<br />
1. Rostral crest armed with 7-11 teeth N. hastatus (Aurivillius, 1898:27)<br />
(Eastern Atlantic from Liberia to Angola)<br />
Rostral crest armed with 3-6 teeth 2<br />
2. Rostrum armed with 7-9 ventral teeth N. schmitti (Holthuis, 1950b:97)<br />
(Guiana region of northeastern South America)<br />
Rostrum armed with 2-7 ventral teeth 3<br />
3. Rostrum not reaching end of antennal scale<br />
N. karnafuliensis (Khan, Fincham,<br />
and Mahmood, 1980:85, figs. 1, 2)<br />
(Karnafuli Estuary, Chittagong, Bangladesh)<br />
Rostrum distinctly overreaching antennal scale 4<br />
4. Sixth abdominal somite fully 3 /4 as long as carapace<br />
N. colombiensis (Squires and Mora, 1971:102, fig. 1)<br />
(Pacific coast of Colombia)<br />
Sixth abdominal somite no more than 2 /3 as long as carapace ... 48. N. tenuipes<br />
48. Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Henderson, 1893)<br />
Leander tenuipes Henderson, 1893:440, pi. 40: figs. 14, 15 [type localities:<br />
Bombay and Madras, India, and Gulf of Martaban, Burma].<br />
Palaemon luzonensis Blanco, 1939b:201, pi. 1 [type locality: Aparri. northern<br />
Luzon].<br />
Palaemon (Nematopalaemon) tenuipes.—Holthuis, 1950a:44, fig. 7.<br />
Nematopalaemon tenuipes.—Holthuis, 1980:108.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, rostral<br />
formula: 1-3 + 3 + 1/2-6; 6th abdominal somite no more than<br />
2 /3 as long as postorbital carapace length.<br />
RANGE.—South Africa, Somalia?, India, Burma, Thailand,<br />
Philippines, Taiwan, New Zealand?; littoral to 17 meters,<br />
brackish and marine.<br />
REMARKS.—This species is not represented in the Smithsonian<br />
collections. Comparison of series from the entire<br />
Indo-Pacific region may be needed to determine the status of N.<br />
colombiensis, which seems to differ from N. tenuipes chiefly in<br />
the proportionately longer sixth abdominal somite.<br />
*Palaemon Weber, 1795<br />
Palaemon Weber, 1795:94 [type species, designated by plenary action of the<br />
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Opinion 564<br />
(1959): Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837:368; gender: masculine].<br />
Palaemon Fabricius. 1798:378. 402 [placed on Official Index of Rejected and<br />
Invalid Generic Names in Zoology as a junior homonym of, and a junior<br />
objective synonym of, Palaemon Weber, 1795, in Opinion 564 (1959) of the<br />
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature].<br />
Palaeander Holthuis, 1950a:5, 8, 55 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837:370; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum without elevated basal crest; carapace<br />
with branchiostegal spine and branchiostegal suture,<br />
without hepatic spine; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median<br />
process; mandible normally with palp; 3 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods with dactyl simple, shorter than propodus; endopod<br />
of male 1st pleopod without marginal appendix, except in P.<br />
concinnus.<br />
RANGE.—Worldwide in tropical and temperate salt, brackish,<br />
and fresh water; usually littoral.<br />
REMARKS.—Recent studies of the mandibular palp in<br />
Palaemon (Fujino and Miyake, 1968a, and Chace, 1972a)<br />
indicate that that appendage is less constant than it was<br />
believed to be when Holthuis (1950a:55) proposed the<br />
subgenus Palaeander for those species of Palaemon bearing a<br />
two-segmented, rather than a three-segmented mandibular<br />
palp. That taxon is therefore not recognized herein. With<br />
the inclusion of the species assigned to that subgenus and<br />
those eliminated by the elevation of Exopalaemon and<br />
Nematopalaemon to distinct full genera, the genus Palaemon is<br />
now believed to comprise about 34 species, including a<br />
half-dozen described since the publication of the fine report on<br />
the Palaemoninae of the Siboga Expedition by Holthuis<br />
(1950a): P. folliirostris Phan Chuu Due, 1971, from the<br />
Lenkoransk area of the Caspian Sea; P. ogasawaraensis Kato<br />
and Takeda, 1981, from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan; P.<br />
okiensis (Kamita, 1951) from the Oki Gunto, Sea of Japan; P.<br />
paivai Filho, 1965, from Ceara, Brazil; P. rosalesi Rodriguez<br />
de la Cruz, 1965, from eastern Mexico; and P. yamashitai<br />
Fujino and Miyake, 1970, from the Yellow Sea in a depth of 26<br />
meters. Of that total, only the five species covered in the<br />
following key seem to have been recorded from the Philippines<br />
and/or Indonesia.
40<br />
Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Palaemon<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
1. Only 1 tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to level of orbital<br />
margin 2<br />
Two or 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to level of orbital<br />
margin 4<br />
2. Rostrum dorsally unarmed on anterior '/3 of length; 1st pereopod with carpus less<br />
than twice as long as chela 52. P. semmelinkii<br />
Rostrum with subterminal dorsal tooth; 1st pereopod with carpus more than twice as<br />
long as chela 3<br />
3. Basal antennular segment with distolateral spine distinctly overreaching adjacent<br />
convex distal margin; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter branch<br />
more than 3 times as long as fused part; 1st pleopod of male with marginal<br />
appendix on endopod *49. P. concinnus<br />
Basal antennular segment with distolateral spine not overreaching adjacent convex<br />
distal margin; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter branch<br />
subequal in length to fused part; 1st pleopod of male with margin of endopod<br />
entire, without appendix *50. P. debilis<br />
4. Rostrum ascending anteriorly with margins tapering slightly in anterior '/2; basal<br />
antennular segment with distolateral spine distinctly overreaching adjacent<br />
convex distal margin of segment 51. P. pacificus<br />
Rostrum usually nearly horizontal with margins tapering to sharp apex in anterior '/2;<br />
basal antennular segment with distolateral spine barely, if at all, overreaching<br />
adjacent convex distal margin of segment 53. P. serrifer<br />
*49. Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852<br />
Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Fiji Islands].<br />
Palaemon exilimanus Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Fiji Islands].<br />
Leander longicarpus Stimpson, 1860:40 [type locality: Hong Kong].<br />
Palaemon lagdaoensis Blanco, 1939a:167, pi. 1 [type locality: Cagayan River<br />
at Aparri, north coast of Luzon, Philippines].<br />
Palaemon (Palaemon) concinnus.—Holthuis, 1950a:61, fig. 12.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually ascending slightly in anterior<br />
72, tapering gradually to subapical dorsal tooth, rostral formula<br />
1 + 4-7 + 1/3-7; basal antennular segment with disto-lateral<br />
spine distinctly overreaching adjacent convex distal margin of<br />
segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter<br />
branch 372-6 times as long as fused part; 1st pereopod with<br />
carpus 272-3 times as long as chela; 1st pleopod of male with<br />
marginal appendix on endopod;; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length probably about 13 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Pucot River (near Mariveles),<br />
Luzon; [14°26TM, 120°29'E]; 29 Jan 1909; dynamite: 1 female<br />
[6.0].—Santiago River, Pagapas Bay, Luzon; [13°52 / N,<br />
120°39'E]; 1.2 m; mud, gravel; 20 Feb 1909 (0800); 130' seine:<br />
1 male [4.2].—Batangas market, Luzon; [13°45', 121°03 / E]; 6<br />
Jun 1908: 1 male [4.2].—"Batangas" River, Batangas, Luzon;<br />
[H^X 121°03TE]; 7 Jun 1908; 15' seine: 9 males [6.0-8.2)<br />
12 females [6.9-10.7], 2 ovig [10.2, 10.5].—Nato River,<br />
Lagonoy Gulf, Luzon; 13°36'N, 123°33'E]; tidewater; 18 Jun<br />
1909 (0630); 25' seine: 22 males [5.2-10.3] 16 females<br />
[6.5-11.0], 5 ovig [8.1-10.3].—Paluan River, Mindoro;<br />
[13 O 25TM, 120°28'E]; 4 Dec 1908; seine, 130': 1 female<br />
[4.8]._Naujan River, Mindoro; [13°16'N, 121°19'E]; 5 Jun<br />
1908: 7 males [5.0-7.5] 28 females [7.0-11.0], 2 ovig<br />
[7.3,8.0].—Iwahig River and tributaries at Princesa Point,<br />
Palawan; [9°44'N, 118°44'E]; 4 Apr 1909 (0700); dynamite: 1<br />
male [7.2] 1 female [7.2].—Kotkot River, Cebu; [10°26'N,<br />
124°00'E]; 5 Apr 1908; Paul Bartsch: 1 female [8.0].—<br />
Mahinog, Camiguin Island, Mindanao Sea; [9°09'N,<br />
124°47'E]; 3 Aug 1909; tidepools: 2 females [8.9,9.2], 1 ovig<br />
[8.9].—Zamboanga Canal, Mindanao; [6°54'N, 122°04'E]; 8<br />
Oct 1909; 25' seine: 3 females [8.2-9.2], 2 ovig [8.9,<br />
9.2].—Cotabato, Mindanao, small stream on south side of<br />
river; [7° 13^, 124°15'E];20May 1908: 12 males [3.8-6.3] 17<br />
females [3.9-10.2], 3 ovig [8.9-10.2], 4 juv [2.6-3.6].—<br />
Baganga River, Mindanao; [7°35'N, 126°33'E]; 13 May<br />
1908(1300): 17 males [6.0-8.7] 5 females [8.8-9.8] 34 juv<br />
[2.7-3.3].—Mati, Pujada Bay, Mindanao, small stream;<br />
[6°57'N, 126°13'E]; 15 May 1908: 1 male [7.8].<br />
RANGE.—Suez to South Africa and eastward to Hong Kong,<br />
Philippines, Indonesia, to Marshall Islands and Tuamotu<br />
Archipelago; salt, brackish, and fresh water.<br />
*50. Palaemon debilis Dana, 1852<br />
Palaemon debilis Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Hawaii]. Palaemon debilis<br />
var. [alpha] Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Hawaii].<br />
Palaemon debilis var. [beta], attenuates Dana. 1852a:26 [type locality:<br />
Hawaii].<br />
Leander gardineri Borradaile, 1901:98 [type locality: Ekasdu, Miladummadulu<br />
Atoll, Maldive Islands; fresh water].
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 41<br />
Leander beauforti J. Roux, 1923:18, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Kairatu, Ceram,<br />
Indonesia; brackish water].<br />
Palaemon (Palaemon) debilis.—Holthuis, 1950a:66, fig. 13.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum rather strongly ascendant anteriorly,<br />
tapering almost imperceptibly to subapical dorsal tooth, rostral<br />
formula: 1 + 1-7 + 1/3-10; basal antennular segment with<br />
distolateral spine falling short of adjacent convex distal margin<br />
of segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of<br />
shorter branch slightly longer or shorter than fused part; 1st<br />
pereopod with carpus usually somewhat more than twice as<br />
long as chela; 1st pleopod of male without appendage on<br />
margin of endopod; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
probably no more then 10 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. River at Hamilo Point, Luzon;<br />
[14°10'N, 120°34'E]; 13 Jul 1908; 12'seine: 1 male [4.5] 1 ovig<br />
female [6.0].—Santiago River, Pagapas Bay, Luzon; [13° 521^,<br />
120°39'E]; 1.2 m; mud, gravel; 20 Feb 1909 (0800); 130' seine:<br />
2 males [4.6, 4.9].—Bin Island, San Bernardino Strait;<br />
[12°40'N, 124°22'E]; sea beach; 1 Jun 1909: 2 males [4.7,5.3]<br />
6 females [6.3-7.3], 3 ovig [6.6-7.3],—Mahinog, Camiguin<br />
Island, Mindanao Sea; [9°09'N, 124°47'E]; 3 Aug 1909;<br />
tidepools: 2 females [8.9,9.2], 1 ovig [8.9].—Malabang River,<br />
Mindanao; [7°36'N, 124°04'E]; 21 May 1908 (1500); 130'<br />
seine: 1 male [3.2].—Jolo, Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
[6°00'N, 121°00'E]; 6 Mar 1908; shore: 1 male [3.2].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to South Africa to Ryukyu Islands,<br />
Philippines and Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and<br />
eastward to Hawaii and the Tuamotu Archipelago; shallow,<br />
salt, brackish, and fresh water.<br />
51. Palaemon pacificus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Leander pacificus Stimpson, 1860:40 [type localities: Hong Kong, Hawaii, and<br />
Shimoda].<br />
Palaemon (Palaemon) pacificus.—Holthuis, 195Oa:87, fig. 19.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually ascending slightly in anterior<br />
'/2, tapering gradually to subapical dorsal tooth, rostral<br />
formula: 2-3 + 6-8/3-5; basal antennular segment with<br />
distolateral spine distinctly overreaching adjacent convex distal<br />
margin of segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part<br />
of shorter branch 3'/2-4 times as long as fused part; 1st<br />
pereopod with carpus l'/2-l 2 /3 times as long as chela; 1st<br />
pleopod of male without appendage on margin of endopod;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length probably little more than<br />
10 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Suez Canal and Red Sea and eastern and South<br />
Africa, India, Hong Kong, Japan, Indonesia, New Caledonia,<br />
and Hawaii; littoral.<br />
52. Palaemon semmelinkii (De Man, 1881)<br />
Leander semmelinkii De Man, 1881:137 [type locality: Makasar, Celebes].<br />
Palaemon (Palaeander) semmelinkii.—Holthuis, 195Oa:57, fig. 11.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum ascending in anterior '/2, tapering<br />
directly to sharp apex, without subapical tooth, rostral formula:<br />
1 + 6-10/2-5; basal antennular segment with distolateral spine<br />
distinctly overreaching adjacent convex distal margin of<br />
segment; dorsal antennular flagellum with free part of shorter<br />
branch l'/2-2 times as long as fused part; 1st pereopod with<br />
carpus less than twice as long as chela; 1 st pleopod of male<br />
without appendix arising from margin of endopod; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length probably less than 10 mm.<br />
RANGE.—India, Burma, Malaya, Thailand, Singapore, Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, and northern Australia; shallow marine,<br />
sometimes brackish water.<br />
53. Palaemon serrifer (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Leander serrifer Stimpson, 1860:41 [type localities: Hong Kong and O Shima;<br />
littoral].<br />
Leander Fagei Yu, 1930:555, 561, fig. 2 [type locality: Shandong Peninsula].<br />
Leander serrifer var. longidactylus Yu, 1930:555, 570, fig. 4B'C [type<br />
localities: "Yangmatoa," Peitaiho, "Tangkou," and Yent'ai (Chefoo),<br />
China].<br />
Palaemon (Palaemon) serrifer.—Holthuis, 1950a:83, fig. 18.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum often nearly horizontal, sometimes<br />
ascending in anterior '/2, often tapering directly to acute apex,<br />
rostral formula: 2-3 + 7-13/3-5; basal antennular segment<br />
with distolateral spine barely, if at all, overreaching adjacent<br />
convex distal margin of segment; dorsal antennular flagellum<br />
with free part of shorter branch 3 times as long as fused part; 1st<br />
pereopod with carpus about l'/2 times as long as chela; 1st<br />
pleopod of male without appendix arising from margin of<br />
endopod; maximum postorbital carapace length probably about<br />
10 mm.<br />
RANGE.—India. Burma, Thailand, Taiwan, China, Korea,<br />
Vladivostok, and Japan and Indonesia and northern Australia;<br />
littoral marine waters.<br />
* Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915<br />
Urocaridella Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, by monotypy: Urocaridella<br />
gracilis Borradaile. 1915:210 (= Leander urocaridella Holthuis, 195Oa:6,<br />
28); gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum armed with 2 strong basal teeth<br />
elevated into semblance of crest; carapace with strong median<br />
tooth at about mid-length of dorsal surface, with submarginal<br />
branchiostegal spine, without hepatic spine or branchiostegal<br />
suture; mandible with or without palp; 3 posterior pairs of<br />
pereopods with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, shorter than<br />
propodus; endopod of male 1st pleopod with marginal<br />
appendix.<br />
RANGE.—Maldive Islands, India, Andaman Islands, Mergui<br />
Archipelago, Indonesia, Japan, Palau Islands; sublittoral to 130<br />
meters.<br />
REMARKS.—The proposed re-establishment of the genus<br />
Urocaridella for U. urocaridella—which was transferred to
42<br />
Leander by Holthuis (1950a)—and the similar-looking Periclimenes<br />
antonbrunii—which differs most significantly from<br />
U. urocardella in the absence of a mandibular palp—was<br />
suggested by the discovery in the Albatross collections of an<br />
apparently undescribed species with a vestigial mandibular<br />
palp that otherwise appears to be closely related to P.<br />
antonbrunii. This attempt to give greater weight to the<br />
configuration of the carapace and rostrum than to the usually<br />
more stable mandibular palp may prove to be premature. Some<br />
2.<br />
Key to Species of Urocaridella<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
of our colleagues may contend that U. urocaridella differs from<br />
the other two species in characters other than the presence of a<br />
well-developed mandibular palp, such as a narrowly triangular<br />
endpiece on the telson, more robust third maxilliped, and<br />
different proportionate lengths of the segments of the pereopods.<br />
It seems to us, however, that the proposal may be<br />
defended as a possibly valid rearrangement of generic<br />
characters that requires the involvement of no previously<br />
unknown genera.<br />
Telson terminating posteriorly in narrowly triangular endpiece; mandible with<br />
well-developed 2-segmented palp; 1st pereopod with fingers longer than palm,<br />
chela more than twice as long as carpus; 2nd pereopod with fingers considerably<br />
longer than palm, palm longer than carpus; 3rd pereopod with propodus less than<br />
3 times as long as dactyl; 4th and 5th pereopods with propodus less than 4 times<br />
as long as dactyl 54. U. urocaridella<br />
Telson with posterior margin rather simply triangular without narrow endpiece;<br />
mandible with vestige of palp or none at all; 1st pereopod with fingers subequal to<br />
palm in length, chela much shorter than carpus; 2nd pereopod with fingers more<br />
or less subequal to palm in length, palm no longer than carpus; 3rd pereopod with<br />
propodus at least 4 times as long as dactyl; 4th pereopod with propodus more than<br />
4 times as long as dactyl; 5th pereopod with propodus more than 5 times as long<br />
as dactyl 2<br />
Branchiostegal spine removed from margin by at least twice length of spine; 3rd<br />
abdominal somite with nearly subrectangular dorsal profile; 5th abdominal<br />
pleuron rounded posteroventrally; mandible without trace of palp<br />
U. antonbrunii (Bruce, 1967a:45)<br />
(Comoro Islands, Japan, Great Barrier<br />
Reef, and Palau Islands [USNM])<br />
Branchiostegal spine removed from margin by no more than length of spine; 3rd<br />
abdominal somite with moderately convex (not nearly subrectangular) dorsal<br />
profile; 5th abdominal pleuron strongly acute posteroventrally; mandible with<br />
vestigial palp *55. U. vestigialis, new species<br />
54. Urocaridella urocaridella (Holthuis, 1950)<br />
FIGURE 16<br />
Urocaridella gracilis Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Maldive Islands];<br />
1917:352, pi. 53: fig. 2.—Bruce, 1990a:150.<br />
Leander urocaridella Holthuis, 1950a:6. 28 [new name for secondary junior<br />
homonym Leander gracilis (Borradaile)].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with apex of branchiostegal spine<br />
reaching nearly or quite as far as margin; 3rd abdominal somite<br />
with dorsal profile nearly subrectangular, 5th abdominal<br />
pleuron with small acute tooth at posteroventral angle; telson<br />
terminating posteriorly in narrowly triangular endpiece; anten-<br />
nal scale about 4 times as long as wide; mandible with<br />
well-developed 2-segmented palp; 1st pereopod with fingers<br />
1V2 times as long as palm, chela more than twice as long as<br />
carpus; 2nd pereopod with fingers l 2 /3 times as long as palm,<br />
palm distinctly longer than carpus; 3rd pereopod with propodus<br />
2 3 A times as long as dactyl; 4th pereopod with propodus 3'A<br />
times as long as dactyl; 5th pereopod with propodus 3 2 /3 times<br />
as long as dactyl; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
probably about 5 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Maldive Islands, northeastern India, Andaman<br />
Islands, Mergui Archipelago, Indonesia, and New Caledonia;<br />
littoral to 130 maters.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 43<br />
FIGURE 16.—Urocaridella urocaridella, ovigerous female from Port Blair, Andaman Islands, carapace length 4.7<br />
mm (USNM 54164): a, carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b, abdomen, lateral aspect; c, tail fan;<br />
d, posterior end of telson; e, distolateral angle of left uropod;/, right antennule, dorsal aspect; g. right antenna,<br />
ventral aspect; h. right mandible; i, same, palp;;', right 1st maxilla; k, left 2nd maxilla; /, right 1st maxilliped; m,<br />
right 2nd maxilliped; n, left left 3rd maxilliped; o, right 1 st pereopod; p, same, chela; q. left 2nd pereopod; r, same,<br />
fingers; s, right 3rd pereopod; t, same, dactyl; u, right 4th pereopod; v, same, dactyl; w, right 5th pereopod; x,<br />
same, dactyl.
44<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
FIGURE 17.—Urocaridella vestigialis, new species, female holotype from Albatross sta 5642 (Selat Butung,<br />
Celebes), carapace length 6.4 mm: a, carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b, abdomen, lateral aspect;<br />
c, tail fan; d, posterior end of telson; e, distolateral angle of left uropod;/, right antennule, dorsal aspect; g, right<br />
antenna, ventral aspect; h, right mandible; i, same, palp;), left mandible; k, same, palp; /, right 1st maxilla; m, right<br />
2nd maxilla; n, right 1 st maxilliped; o, right 2nd maxilliped; p. right 3rd maxilliped; q, right 1 st pereopod; r, same,<br />
chela; s, right 2nd pereopod; t. same, fingers; u, right 3rd pereopod; v, same, dactyl; w, right 4th pereopod; x,<br />
same, dactyl; y. right 5th pereopod; z, same, dactyl.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 45<br />
*55. Urocaridella vestigialis, new species<br />
FIGURE 17<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with apex of branchiostegal spine<br />
removed from margin by about length of spine (Figure 17a);<br />
3rd abdominal somite with moderately convex dorsal profile<br />
(Figure \7b); 5th abdominal pleuron sharply acute at posteroventral<br />
angle (Figure 17 b); telson with posterior margin acutely<br />
triangular but without distinct endpiece (Figure \7d); antennal<br />
scale fully 3 times as long as wide (Figure 17g); mandibles with<br />
vestigial, socketed palps, better formed on right side than left<br />
(Figure \7h-j); 1st pereopod with fingers about as long as palm<br />
(Figure 17r), chela shorter than carpus (Figure \7q); 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers about as long as palm (Figure 175), palm<br />
shorter than carpus (Figure 17s); 3rd pereopod with propodus 4<br />
times as long as dactyl (Figure 17M); 4th pereopod with<br />
propodus 4*/2 times as long as dactyl (Figure 17w); 5th<br />
pereopod with propodus more than 5 times as long as dactyl<br />
(Figure 17y); postorbital carapace length of female 6.4 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—INDONESIA. Selat Butung, Celebes: sta<br />
5642; 4° 31'40"S, 122°49'42"E; 68 m; gray mud; 14 Dec 1909<br />
(1100-1117); 12' Agassiz beam trawl: 1 female [6.4], holotype<br />
(USNM 252657).<br />
TYPE LOCALITY.—Same as above.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.<br />
REMARKS.—As indicated in the key, both U. antonbrunii<br />
and U. vestigialis differ from the type species, U. urocaridella,<br />
in lacking a narrowly triangular posterior endpiece on the<br />
telson; in lacking a well-developed palp on the mandible; in<br />
having the fingers of the first pereopod about as long as, rather<br />
than longer than, the palm, and the chela shorter than, rather<br />
than twice as long as the carpus; in having the fingers of the<br />
second pereopod about as long as, rather than distinctly longer<br />
than the palm, and the palm no longer than the carpus; and in<br />
having the propodus of the walking legs less than four, rather<br />
than four to to more than five times as long as the dactyl.<br />
Urocaridella vestigialis differs from U. antonbrunii in having<br />
the branchiostegal spine less far removed from the carapace<br />
margin; in having the dorsal profile of the third abdominal<br />
somite simply convex rather than subrectangular; in having the<br />
pleuron of the fifth abdominal somite sharply acute rather than<br />
rounded posteroventrally; and in having the mandibular palp<br />
vestigial rather than completely absent.<br />
ETYMOLOGY.—Derived from the Latin vestigium (trace or<br />
vestige), in reference to the vestigial mandibular palp.<br />
Pontoniinae Kingsley, 1878:64.<br />
<strong>•</strong>PON<strong>TO</strong>NIINAE Kingsley, 1878<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson typically armed with 3 pairs of<br />
posterior spines.<br />
RANGE.—All tropical and subtropical, occasionally temperate,<br />
seas, especially on tropical reefs, often in association with<br />
other reef organisms; littoral to 1820 meters.<br />
REMARKS.—Although only about half of the more than 60<br />
currently recognized pontoniine genera are here reported from<br />
the Philippine-Indonesian region, that apparent representation<br />
is certain to increase as the rich coral-reef fauna of the area is<br />
further investigated; several of the genera not yet known from<br />
the region occur in neighboring waters, especially in the Indian<br />
Ocean and on the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. For that<br />
reason, we have rashly attempted the following checklist of all<br />
of the genera and species and key to all of the genera known at<br />
least through 1989 in the hope that they may be helpful to the<br />
study of an incompletely known area and that the subsequent<br />
correction of their shortcomings may eventually produce a<br />
better product than might otherwise be probable.<br />
Checklist of Genera and Species of Pontoniinae<br />
Valid genus- and species-group names (boldface italics)<br />
Synonyms and species inquirendae (italics)<br />
Type localities (roman)<br />
ALCIOPE Rafinesque, 1814:24<br />
Type species: Alciope heterochelus<br />
= Pontonia<br />
Alciope heterochelus Rafinesque, 1814:24<br />
Sicily<br />
= Pontonia flavomaculata<br />
Allopontonia Bruce, 1972a:l<br />
Type species: Allopontonia iaini<br />
Allopontonia iaini Bruce, 1972a:7, figs. 1-4<br />
Zanzibar Harbor; 6°09.5'S, 39°10.2'E; 20 m, on<br />
echinoid, Salmacis<br />
Alpheus amethystea—See Periclimenes amethysteus<br />
Alpheus scriptus—See Periclimenes scriptus<br />
Alpheus Tyrhenus Risso, 1816:94, pi. 2<br />
Nice, France<br />
= Pontonia pinnophylax<br />
AUOPON<strong>TO</strong>MA Bruce, 1990a: 191<br />
Type species: AUopontonia disparostris<br />
AUopontonia disparostris Bruce, 1990a: 192, figs. 26-<br />
33<br />
Off New Caledonia; 23°03,167°19'E; 503 m<br />
Amphipalaemon Gasti—See Balssia gasti<br />
AMPHIPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1991b:381<br />
Type species: Amphipontonia kanak<br />
Amphipontonia kanak Bruce, 1991b:382, figs. 58-63<br />
Loyalty Islands<br />
ANAPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1966a:584, 596<br />
Type species: Anapontonia denticauda<br />
56. Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966a:597, figs. 1-4<br />
Pange Reef, Zanzibar; on scleractinian, Galaxea<br />
Anchista tenuipes Holmes, 1900:216 [not PalaemoneUa<br />
tenuipes Dana, 1852]<br />
Santa Catalina Island, California<br />
= PalaemoneUa holmesi
46<br />
ANCHISTIA Dana, 1852a: 17<br />
Type species: Anchistia gracilis<br />
= PERICUMESES<br />
Anchistia aesopia—See Periclimenes aesopius<br />
Anchistia amboinensis—See Periclimenes amboinensis<br />
Anchistia americana—See Periclimenes americanus<br />
Anchistia aurantiaca Dana, 1852a:25<br />
Fiji Islands<br />
= Anchistus custos<br />
Anchistia brachiata Stimpson, 1860:39<br />
Bonin Islands<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Anchistia Brockii—See Periclimenes brockii<br />
Anchistia Edwardsii—See Periclimenes edwardsii<br />
Anch[istia] elegans—See Periclimenes elegans<br />
Anchistia ensifrons—See Periclimenes ensifrons<br />
Anchistia gracilis—See Periclimenes gracilis<br />
Anchistia grandis—See Periclimenes grandis<br />
Anchistia inaequimana Heller, 1861:28<br />
Egypt<br />
= Periclimenes petitthouarsii<br />
Anchistia Kornii—See Periclimenes kornii<br />
Anchistia longimana—See Periclimenes longimanus<br />
Anchistia spinigera—See Harpiliopsis spinigera<br />
Anchistia tenella—See Periclimenes tenellus<br />
* ANCHISTUS Borradaile, 1898a:387<br />
Type species: Harpilius Miersi<br />
TRIDACNOCARIS<br />
MARYGRANDE<br />
ENSIGER<br />
57. Anchistus australis forma typica Bruce, 1977a:56, figs.<br />
7-9<br />
"Capre Cay," Swain Reefs, Great Barrier Reef,<br />
Australia; in bivalve mollusk, Tridacna whitleyi (=<br />
T. maxima)<br />
Anchistus australis forma dendricauda Bruce,<br />
1977a:62, fig. 10<br />
"West Cay," Diamond Islets, Australia; in bivalve<br />
mollusk, Tridacna squamosa<br />
Anchistus biunguiculatus Borradaile, 1898:387<br />
Tubetube, Engineer Group, Papua; in bivalve mollusk,<br />
Tridacna<br />
= Paranchistus armatus<br />
58. Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977a:50, figs. 4-6<br />
"N.W. end Gillett Cay, Queensland. 21°43'S 152°25'E<br />
in bivalve mollusk Atrina vexiilum. Stn 1" (teste,<br />
Roger Springthorpe)<br />
59. Anchistus custos (Forskal, 1775)<br />
Cancer custos Forskal, 1775:xxi, 94<br />
Al Luhayyah, Yemen<br />
Pontonia inflata<br />
Anchistia aurantiaca<br />
Harpilius inermis<br />
Pontonia pinna Ortmann<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
60. Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922:256, figs. 86-88<br />
Aberdeen, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; from bivalve<br />
mollusk, Tridacna at low tide<br />
Anchistus gravieri Kemp, 1922:252, figs. 82-84<br />
Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Islands<br />
*61. Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888)<br />
Harpilius Miersi De Man, 1888a:274, pi. 17: figs. 6-10<br />
Elphinstone Island, Mergui Archipelago, Burma<br />
Anchistus mirabilis (Pesta, 1911)<br />
Marygrande mirabilis Pesta, 1911:571, figs. 1-5<br />
Samoa<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Anchistus misakiensis Yokoya, 1936:136, fig. 5<br />
Misaki, Shikoku, Japan; in bivalve mollusc, Amusium<br />
japonicum<br />
= Anchistus pectinis<br />
Anchistus oshimai Kubo, 1949:26, figs. 1, 2<br />
Palau Islands<br />
= Paranchistus armatus<br />
Anchistus pectinis Kemp, 1925:327, figs. 19, 20<br />
Octavia Bay, Nancowry Harbor, Nicobar Islands; in<br />
bivalve mollusk, Pecten<br />
ANCYLOCARIS Schenkel, 1902:563<br />
Type species: Ancylocaris brevicarpalis<br />
= PERICLIMENES<br />
Ancylocaris brevicarpalis—See Periclimenes brevicarpalis<br />
APOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1976a: 301<br />
Type species: Apopontonia falcirostris<br />
Apopontonia dubia Bruce, 1981a:225, figs. 1-3<br />
Shag Rock, east of North Stradbroke Island, Queensland,<br />
Australia; 27°25'S, 153°32'E; 20 m, in<br />
sponge, Ircinia<br />
Apopontonia falcirostris Bruce, 1976a:303, figs. 1-5<br />
Northwest coast of Madagascar; 12°44.5'S, 48°25.2'E;<br />
73 m<br />
Apopontonia tride titata Bruce, 1988b: 1270, figs. 4-7<br />
Northwest Shelf of Australia, 19°41.9'S, 17°57.15'E;<br />
54 m<br />
ARAIOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Fujino and Miyake, 1970a:l<br />
Type species: Araiopontonia odontorhyncha<br />
Araiopontonia odontorhyncha Fujino and Miyake,<br />
1970a:2, figs. 1-4<br />
Koniya, Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan<br />
BALSSIA Kemp, 1922:267<br />
Type species: Amphipalaemon Gasti<br />
Balssia gasti (Balss, 1921)<br />
Amphipalaemon Gasti Balss, 1921a:524, figs. 1-8<br />
Golfo di Napoli; on Corallium rubrum<br />
Brachycarpus audouini Bate, 1888:798, pi. 129: fig. 5<br />
Cook Strait, New Zealand<br />
= Periclimenes yaldwyni<br />
Cancer custos—See Anchistus custos<br />
CARINOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1988b: 1263
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 47<br />
Type species: Carinopontonia paucipes<br />
Carinopontonia paucipes Bruce, 1988b: 1264, figs. 1-3<br />
Northwest Shelf, Australia; 83 m<br />
CAVICHELES Holthuis, 1952c:204<br />
Type species: Cavicheles kempi<br />
= JOCASTE<br />
Cavicheles kempi Holthuis, 1952c: 17, 205, figs. 99-101<br />
Ternate, Indonesia; 4 m<br />
?= Jocaste japonica<br />
CHACELLA Bruce, 1986b:485<br />
TVpe species: Dasycaris kerstitchi<br />
Chacella kerstitchi (Wicksten, 1983)<br />
Dasycaris kerstitchi Wicksten, 1983:6, 16, fig. 2<br />
Punta Doble, San Carlos, Sonora, Mexico; 30 m<br />
CHERNOCARIS Johnson, 1967:500<br />
Type species: Chernocaris placunae<br />
62. Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967:500, figs. 1-12<br />
Singapore; in bivalve mollusk Placuna placenta<br />
*CONCHODYTES Peters, 1852:588, 591<br />
Type species: Conchodytes tridacnae<br />
63. Conchodytes kempi Brucei, 1989:183, fig. 3b-e<br />
Andaman Islands; in bivalve mollusk, Pinna bicolor<br />
*64. Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989:182, figs. 1-6<br />
Northeast Shelf west of Cape Leveque, Western<br />
Australia; 40 m, in pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima<br />
65. Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852:594<br />
Type locality: Ibo, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique<br />
66. Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952c:2OO, figs.<br />
96-98<br />
Southern Taiwan (in bivalve mollusk, Pinna), Timor,<br />
and Ambon<br />
*67. Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844)<br />
Hymenocera niponensis De Haan, 1844: pi. 46: fig. 8<br />
[corrected to H. nipponensis by plenary powers of<br />
thelCZN, 1956]<br />
Japan<br />
Pontonia biunguiculata<br />
68. Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852:594<br />
Ibo, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique<br />
*CORALLIOCARIS Stimpson, 1860:38<br />
Replacement name for OEDIPUS Dana, 1852 [not<br />
Berthold, 1827, Tschudi, 1838, or Lesson, 1840]<br />
OEDIPUS Dana<br />
Coralliocaris Agassizi—See Coutierea agassizi<br />
Coralliocahs atlantica—See Periclimenaeus at Ian tic us<br />
Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica—See Onycocaris<br />
aualitica<br />
Coralliocaris brevirostris Borradaile, 1898:386<br />
Tuvalu<br />
Coralliocaris Camerani Nobili, 1901:3<br />
= Pontonia margarita<br />
*69. Coralliocaris graminea (Dana, 1852)<br />
OEdipus gramineus Dana, 1852a:25<br />
Fiji Islands<br />
Coralliocaris inaequalis<br />
Coralliocaris hecate—See Periclimenaeus hecate<br />
Coralliocaris inaequalis Ortmann, 1890:510, pi. 36:<br />
fig. 21<br />
Kagoshima, Japan, and Samoa<br />
= Coralliocaris graminea<br />
Coralliocaris lamellirostris Stimpson, 1860:38<br />
Ryukyu Islands; among corals in 4 m<br />
?= Jocaste lucina<br />
Cforalliocaris] lucina—See Jocaste lucina<br />
Coralliocaris macrophthalma (H. Milne Ewards, 1837)<br />
PfontoniaJ macrophthalma H. Milne Edwards,<br />
1837:359<br />
Seas of Asia<br />
Coralliocaris nudirostris (Heller, 1861)<br />
O[edipus] nudirostris Heller, 1861:27<br />
Red Sea<br />
Coralliocaris tahitoei<br />
Coralliocaris pavonae Bruce, 1972b:77, figs. 8-11<br />
Fringing reef at Singatoka, Viti Levu, Fiji; from coral,<br />
Pavona<br />
Coralliocaris taiwanensis<br />
Coralliocaris pearsei—See Periclimenaeus pearsei<br />
Coralliocaris quadridentata—See Periclimenaeus<br />
quadridentatus<br />
Coralliocaris rathbuni Borradaile, 1917:385<br />
Replacement name for Coralliocaris quadridentata<br />
= Periclimenaeus tridentatus<br />
Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) rhodope—See Periclimenaeus<br />
rhodope<br />
*70. Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852)<br />
OEdipus superbus Dana, 1852a:25<br />
Tongatapu Island, Tonga Islands<br />
Oed[ipus] dentirostris<br />
Coralliocaris superba var. japonica—See Jocaste<br />
japonica<br />
Coralliocaris tahitoei Boone, 1935:180, fig. 12, pi. 49<br />
Pointe Venus reef, Tahiti<br />
= Coralliocaris nudirostris<br />
Coralliocaris taiwanensis Fujino and Miyake, 1972:92,<br />
figs. 1-3<br />
"Hemgchuen, Shiangtiau Bay," southern Taiwan; 2-5<br />
m, in branching coral<br />
= Coralliocaris pavonae<br />
Coralliocaris? tridentata—See Periclimenaeus tridentatus<br />
Coralliocaris truncatus—See Periclimenaeus truncatus<br />
71. Coralliocaris venusta Kemp, 1922:274, figs. 100, 101<br />
"N.E. Tholayiram Paar," Gulf of Mannar, India; on<br />
madrepore coral<br />
72. Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974a:222, fig. 1A, B<br />
Seaward reefs of Mombasa Island, Kenya<br />
Coralliocaris wilsoni—See Periclimenaeus wilsoni
48<br />
Corallocaris perlatus—See Periclimenaeus perlatus<br />
CORNIGER Borradaile, 1915:207 [not Agassiz, 1831, or<br />
Boehm, 1879]<br />
= PERICUMENES<br />
COUTIEREA Nobili, 1901b:4<br />
TVpe species: Coralliocahs Agassizi<br />
Coutierea agassizi (Coutiere, 1901)<br />
Coralliocaris Agassizi Coutiere, 1901:115<br />
Off Barbados; 172 m<br />
CRISTIGER Borradaile, 1915:207 [not Gistel, 1848]<br />
Type species: Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis<br />
= PERICUMENES<br />
CTENOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1979a:423<br />
Type species: Ctenopontonia cyphastreophila<br />
Ctenopontonia cyphastreophila Bruce, 1979a:425, figs.<br />
1-6<br />
Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands; 9-27 m, on faviid<br />
coral, Cyphastrea<br />
CUAPETES Clark, 1919:199<br />
Replacement name for FALCIGER Borradaile<br />
= PERICUMENES<br />
*DASEUA Lebour, 1945:279.<br />
Replacement name for DASIA Lebour, 1939 [not Gray,<br />
1839, nor Van der Goot, 1918]<br />
Type species: Dasia herdmaniae<br />
DASIA Lebour<br />
Dasella ansoni Bruce, 1983a:22, figs. 1-5<br />
Arafura Sea; in tunicate, Phallusia<br />
Dasella brucei Berggren, 1990:558<br />
Heron Island, Queensland, Australia; 15 m, in<br />
tunicate, Herdmannia<br />
*73. DaseUa herdmaniae (Lebour, 1939)<br />
Dasia herdmaniae Lebour, 1939:650, pi. 1<br />
Tbticorin, Gulf of Mannar, India; in tunicate, Herdmania<br />
DASIA Lebour, 1939:650<br />
Type species: Dasia herdmaniae<br />
= DASELLA<br />
Dasia herdmaniae—See Dasella herdmaniae<br />
DASYCARIS Kemp, 1922:240<br />
Type species: Dasycaris symbiotes<br />
DASYGIUS<br />
74. Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952c: 176, figs. 87, 88<br />
Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 2°25'S, 1 WAVE; 50-0 m<br />
Dasycaris doederleini (Balss, 1924)<br />
Dasygius doederleini Balss, 1924:49, fig. 2<br />
Zushi, Sagami Nada, Honshu, Japan; 130 m<br />
Dasycaris kerstitchi—See ChaceUa kerstitchi<br />
Dasycaris symbiotes Kemp, 1922:240, figs. 76, 77, pi. 9<br />
Off east coast of India and Mergui Archipelago;<br />
27-64 m<br />
Dasycaris zanzibarica Bruce, 1973a:247, figs. 1 -6<br />
Chango Island, Zanzibar, 6°06.2'S, 39°08.9'E; on<br />
antipatharian, Cirripathes<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
DASYGIUS Balss, 1924:48<br />
Erroneous name for DASYCARIS<br />
Dasygius doederleini—See Dasycaris doederleini<br />
DENNISIA Norman, 1861:278<br />
Type species: Dennisia sagittifera<br />
- PERICUMENES<br />
Dennisia sagittifera Norman, 1861:278, pi. 13: figs.<br />
8-13<br />
?= Periclimenes sagittifer<br />
ENSIGER Borradaile, 1915:207<br />
Type species: Anchistia aurantiaca<br />
= ANCHISTUS<br />
DlAPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1986c: 125<br />
Type species: Diapontonia maranulus<br />
Diapontonia maranulus Bruce. 1986c: 126, figs. 1-5<br />
Off Wood Cay, West End. Grand Bahama Island:<br />
26°42.55'N, 79°OI.72'W; 244-309 m. associated<br />
with asterostomatid echinoid, Palaeopneustes tholoformis<br />
EPIPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, I977b:3()4<br />
Type species: Epipontonia spongicola<br />
Epipontonia anceps Bruce, 1983b: 19, figs. I-10<br />
Queensland, Australia; in sponge, Dysidea<br />
Epipontonia spongicola Bruce, I977b:3()8, figs. 1-5<br />
Wasini Channel. Kenya; 4°39.4'S. 39°22.2'E; 11 m. in<br />
sponge, Reniera<br />
EUPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, I971a:225<br />
Type species: Eupontonia noctalbata<br />
Eupontonia noctalbata Bruce, 1971a:227, figs. 1-5<br />
Anse Etoile, Mahe, Seychelles, O4°35'12"S,<br />
55°27'48"E; reef flats<br />
EXOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1988a: 122<br />
Type species: Exopontonia malleatrix<br />
Exopontonia malleatrix Bruce, 1988a: 123, figs. 1-5<br />
Ashmore Reef, Timor Sea, 12°16'S, 123°O2'E; intertidal<br />
FALCIGER Borradaile, 1915:207 [not Say, 1824; Buchholz,<br />
1869, or Trouessart and Magnin, 1883]<br />
Type species: Periclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis<br />
= PERICLIMENES<br />
FENNERA Holthuis, 195la: 10, 171<br />
Type species: Fennera chacei<br />
Fennera chacei Holthuis, 195la: 171, pi. 54<br />
Bay of South Island, Islas Secas, Panama; shallow<br />
water, on scleractinian, Porites<br />
HAMIGER Borradaile, 1916:87<br />
Type species: Periclimenes (Hamiger) novaezealandiae<br />
Hamiger novaezealandiae (Borradaile, 1916)<br />
Periclimenes (Hamiger) novae-zealandiae Borradaile,<br />
1916:87, fig. 4<br />
Seven miles [ 11.2 km] E of North Cape, New Zealand;<br />
128 m<br />
HAMODACTYLOWES Fujino, 1973a: 171
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 49<br />
TVpe species: Hamodactylus incompletus<br />
Hamodactyloides incompletus (Holthuis, 1958)<br />
Hamodactylus incompletus Holthuis, 1958:11, fig. 4<br />
Shanm ash Shaykh, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt<br />
Hamodactyloides ishigakiensis Fujino, 1973a: 174, figs.<br />
1-3<br />
Kabira Bay, Ishigaki-shima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan; 1<br />
m, coral reef<br />
= Hamodactyloides incompletus<br />
HAMODACTYLUS Holthuis, 1952c:6, 18, 208<br />
Type species: Hamodactylus boschmai<br />
Hamodactylus aqabai Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:26,<br />
figs. 10-14<br />
Aqaba, Jordan; 6 m, on alcyonacean, Litophyton<br />
75. Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952c:2O9, figs.<br />
102-104<br />
Ternate, off Halmahera, and Djedan, Kepulauan Am,<br />
Indonesia; 2-13 m<br />
Hamodactylus incompletus—See Hamodactyloides<br />
incompletus<br />
76. Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970a:539, fig. 2<br />
Between lie aux Canards and Hot Mattre, Noumea,<br />
New Caledonia; 25 m, on gorgonian<br />
HAMOPON<strong>TO</strong>MA Bruce, 197Ob:37<br />
Type species: Hamopontonia corallicola<br />
11. Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970b:41, figs. 1-4<br />
"Kat O Chau, Mirs Bay," New Territories, Hong<br />
Kong; 22°32.1'N, 114°17.95'E; about 1 m, on<br />
massive coral, Goniopora<br />
Hamopontonia essingtoni Bruce, 1986d:158, figs. 11-<br />
14, 15D-G<br />
Coral Bay, Port Essington, Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem<br />
Land, Northern Australia; 11°11.05'S,<br />
132°03.4'E; 6 m, associated with scleractinian,<br />
Stylophora pistillata<br />
* HARPILIOPSIS Borradaile, 1917:324, 329-334, 336-<br />
338, 341-343, 347-351, 379, 395<br />
Type species: Palaemon Beaupresii<br />
*78. Harpitiopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1826)<br />
Palaemon Beaupresii Audouin, 1826:91<br />
Type locality: Egypt<br />
Pontonia (Harpilius) dentata<br />
*79. Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Harpilius depressus Stimpson, 1860:38<br />
Hawaii; among madreporarians<br />
Periclimenes pusillus<br />
<strong>•</strong>80. Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890)<br />
Anchistia spinigera Ortmann, 1890:511, pi. 36: fig. 23<br />
Samoa<br />
Harpilius depressus var. gracilis<br />
HARPILIUS Dana, 1852a: 17<br />
Type species: Harpilius lutescens<br />
= PERICLIMENES<br />
Harpilius consobrinus De Man, 1902:836, pi. 26: fig. 54<br />
Ternate, Indonesia<br />
= Periclimenes consobrinus<br />
Harpilius depressus—See Harpiliopsis depressa<br />
Harpilius depressus var. gracilis Kemp, 1922:234, fig.<br />
71<br />
Andaman Islands<br />
= Harpiliopsis spinigera<br />
Harpilius Gerlachei—See Philarius gerlachei<br />
Harpilius gracilis—See Harpilius depressus var. gracilis<br />
Harpilius impehalis—See Philarius imperialis<br />
Harpilius inermis Miers, 1884:291, pi. 32: fig. B<br />
Port Molle, Queensland, Australia; from coral reef in<br />
bivalve mollusk, Pinna<br />
= Anchistus custos<br />
Harpilius latirostris Lenz, 1905:380, pi. 47: fig. 14<br />
Mkokotoni and Bawi, Zanzibar<br />
= Periclimenes brevicarpalis<br />
Harpilius lutescens—See Periclimenes lutescens<br />
Harpilius Miersi—See Anchistus miersi<br />
Harpilius spinuliferus Miers, 1884:291, pi. 32: fig. B<br />
Port Molle, Queensland, Australia; in bivalve mollusk.<br />
Pinna<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Hymenocera niponensis—See Conchodytes nipponensis<br />
ISCHNOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1966a:584<br />
Type species: Philarius lophos<br />
81. Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard, 1962)<br />
Philarius lophos Barnard, 1962:242, fig. 2<br />
Ilha da Inhaca, Baia de Lourenco Marques, Mozambique<br />
ISOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1982a:54<br />
Type species: Isopontonia platycheles<br />
Isopontonia platycheles Bruce, 1982a:55, figs. 1-5<br />
"North Cay," Hot du Passage, lies Chesterfield;<br />
^^.O'S, \5%°n.0'E; seaward reef slope, 15 m<br />
*JOCASTE Holthuis, 1952c:17, 192<br />
Type species: Coralliocaris lucina<br />
CAVICHELES<br />
82. Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890)<br />
Coralliocaris superba var. japonica Ortmann,<br />
1890:509, pi. 36: fig. 22<br />
ICavicheles kempi<br />
Kagoshima, Japan<br />
*83. Jocaste lucina (Nobili, 1901)<br />
C[oralliocaris] lucina Nobi 1 i, 1901 c: 5<br />
Eritrea<br />
ICoralliocaris lamellirostris<br />
LAOMENES Clark, 1919:199<br />
Replacement name for CORNIGER Borradaile<br />
= PERICLIMENES<br />
LlPKEBE Chace, 1969:263<br />
Type species: Lipkebe holthuisi
50<br />
Lipkebe holthuisi Chace, 1969:263, figs. 8, 9<br />
Gulf of Mexico west-northwest of Dry Tortugas,<br />
Florida; 25°13'N,83 O 55 / W; 119 m<br />
MARYGRANDE Pesta, 1911:571<br />
Type species: Marygrande mirabilis<br />
= ANCHISTUS<br />
Marygrande mirabilis—See Anchistus mirabilis<br />
MESOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1967a: 13<br />
Type species: Mesopontonia gorgoniophila<br />
84. Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967a: 13, figs.<br />
5-9<br />
ESE of Hong Kong; 21°47.7'N, 116°28.5'E; 117-132<br />
m; on gorgonian<br />
Mesopontonia gracilicarpus Bruce, 1990a:202, figs.<br />
34-37, 39, 1 m<br />
New Caledonia; 22°56,167° 147*; 398-410 m<br />
Mesopontonia monodactylus Bruce, 1991b:392, figs.<br />
65-69<br />
Off Ouvea, Loyalty Islands, 20°35'S, 166°54'E; 460 m<br />
METAPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1967a:24<br />
Type species: Metapontonia fungiacola<br />
Metapontonia fungiacola Bruce, 1967a:24, figs. 10-12<br />
Pamanzi Reef, He de Mayotte, Comoro Islands; on the<br />
madrepore coral, Fungia<br />
MIOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1985a; 167<br />
Type species: Miopontonia yongei<br />
Miopontonia yongei Bruce, 1985a: 168, figs. 1-5<br />
Australian Northwest Shelf; 19°04.3'S, 118°15.5'E;<br />
80 m<br />
NEOANCHISTUS BRUCE, 1975a: 149<br />
Type species: Neoanchistus cardiodytes<br />
Neoanchistus cardiodytes Bruce, 1975a: 151, figs. 1-6<br />
"Nosy Be," Madagascar<br />
Neoanchistus nasalis Holthuis, 1986:264, figs. 1, 2<br />
Raysut, southern Oman; in scallop, Chlamys townsendi<br />
NEOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIDES Holthuis, 1951 a: 11, 189<br />
Type species: Periclimenes beaufortensis<br />
Neopontonides beaufortensis (Borradaile, 1920)<br />
Periclimenes beaufortensis Borradaile, 1920:132<br />
Beaufort, North Carolina; on "sea feathers"<br />
Neopontonides chacei Heard, 1986:472, figs, la, 2, 3,<br />
4B-D<br />
Reef just south of Marigot Bay, St. Lucia Island, West<br />
Indies; 4-6 m<br />
Neopontonides dentiger Holthuis, 1951a:193, pi. 61<br />
Cabo de San Francisco, Ecuador<br />
Neopontonides principis—See Pseudopontonides principis<br />
NO<strong>TO</strong>PON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1991c:607<br />
Type species: Notopontonia platycheles<br />
Notopontonia platycheUs Bruce, 1991c:608, figs. 1-6<br />
Northwest of Robe, South Australia, 36°53'S,<br />
139°53'E;64m<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
OEDIPUS Dana, 1852a: 17<br />
Type species: Oedipus superbus<br />
= CORALLIOCARIS<br />
Oed[ipus] dentirostris Paulson, 1875:112, pi. 14: fig. 7<br />
Red Sea<br />
= Coralliocaris superba<br />
OEdipus gramineus—See Coralliocaris graminea<br />
O[Edipus] nudirostris—See Coralliocaris nudirostris<br />
OEdipus superbus—See Coralliocaris superba<br />
ONYCOCARIDELLA Bruce, 1981b:241<br />
Type species: Onycocaridella prima<br />
Onycocaridella monodoa (Fujino and Miyake, 1969)<br />
Onycocaris monodoa Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:405,<br />
figs. 1-5<br />
Type locality: Kasari Saki, Amami O Shima, Ryukyu<br />
Islands, Japan; 1 m<br />
Onycocaridella prima Bruce, 1981b:243, figs. 1-6<br />
Wistari Reef, Heron Island, Capricorn Islands, Queensland,<br />
Australia; 12 m, in sponge, Mycale<br />
85. Onycocaridella stenolepis (Holthuis, 1952)<br />
Onycocaris stenolepis Holthuis, 1952c: 15, 148, figs.<br />
66-68<br />
Pearl Bank, southern Sulu Sea, Philippines; 15 m<br />
ONYCOCARIDITES Bruce, 1987a:771<br />
Type species: Onycocaridites anomodactylus<br />
Onycocaridites anomodactylus Bruce, 1987a:772, figs.<br />
1-4<br />
Arafura Sea; 10°40'S, 133°5O'E; 60 m<br />
ONYCOCARIS Nobili, 1904:232<br />
Type species: Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica<br />
Onycocaris amakusensis Fujino and Miyake,<br />
1969b:413, figs. 6, 8a-c, 9a-c<br />
Tsujino-shima, Amakusa Shimo Jima, Japan; low tide<br />
level, in sponge<br />
Onycocaris anomala—See Typton anomalus<br />
Onycocaris aualitica (Nobili, 1904)<br />
Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica Nobili,<br />
1904:233<br />
Djibouti<br />
Onycocaris callyspongiae Fujino and Miyake,<br />
1969b:422, figs. 10-12<br />
Tomioka, Amakusa Shimo Jima; in sponge<br />
Onycocaris furculata Bruce, 1979c:324, figs. 1-4<br />
La Saline, La R6union; approximately 21°20'S,<br />
55°OO'E; 20 m, outer reef slope under dead base of<br />
the madrepore coral, Acropora<br />
Onycocaris longirostris Bruce, 1980a: 15, figs. 6-10<br />
Hot Mattre, Noumea, New Caledonia; 20 m, in<br />
sponge, Siphonochalina<br />
Onycocaris monodoa—See Onycocaridella monodoa<br />
Onycocaris oligodentata Fujino and Miyake,<br />
1969b:415, figs. 7, 8d-f, 9d-f<br />
Tomioka, Amakussa Shimo Jima; 35 m, in sponge<br />
86. Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985b:241, figs. 8-11
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 51<br />
Mompog Pass, northeast of Marinduque, Philippines;<br />
81-84 m<br />
Onycocaris quadratophthalma (Balss, 1921)<br />
Pontonia quadratophthalma Balss, 1921b: 15, fig. 7<br />
Cape Jaubert, Western Australia<br />
Onycocaris seychellensis Bruce, 1971b:208<br />
Anse Etoile, Mahe\ Seychelles; from small sponge<br />
encrusting base of coral colony<br />
Onycocaris spinosa Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:429,<br />
figs. 13-15<br />
"Terasaki," Yoron Jima, Ryukyu Islands; 1 m, in<br />
sponge<br />
Onycocaris stenolepis—See Onycocaridella stenolepis<br />
Onycocaris trullata Bruce, 1978a:269, figs. 36-41<br />
Tany Kely, Madagascar; 13°28'S,48°12'E; 28 m<br />
Onycocaris zanzibarica Bruce, 1971c:293, figs. 1, 2<br />
Channel between Chumbe Island and main island of<br />
Zanzibar; 6°16.0'S, 39° 12.6^; 18 m<br />
ORTHOPON<strong>TO</strong>MA Bruce, 1982b: 163<br />
Type species: Periclimenaeus ornatus<br />
Orthopontonia ornata (Bruce, 1970)<br />
Periclimenaeus ornatus Bruce, 1970c:313<br />
Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; on littoral<br />
sponge, Jaspis stellifera<br />
Palaemon Beaupresii—See Harpiliopsis beaupresii<br />
Palaemon Petitthouarsii—See Periclimenes petitthouarsii<br />
*PALAEMONELLA Dana, 1852a: 17<br />
Type species: Palaemonella tenuipes<br />
Palaemonella aberrans Nobili, 1904:234<br />
Djibouti<br />
as Periclimenes brevicarpalis<br />
Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894—See Periclimenes<br />
affinis<br />
Palaemonella amboinensis Zehntner, 1894:206, pi. 9:<br />
fig. 27 [not Periclimenes amboinensis De Man,<br />
1888]<br />
Ambon<br />
= Periclimenes brevicarpalis<br />
Palaemonella asymmetrica Holthuis, 195la: 19, pi. 5<br />
Bahia de Sullivan, Isla San Salvador, Gal&pagos<br />
Islands<br />
Palaemonella at I an tic a Holthuis, 1951b: 152, fig. 31<br />
Sao Pedro Bay, Sao Vicente, Cape Verde Islands;<br />
16°50'N,25 o 04'W<br />
Palaemonella batei—See Periclimenes batei<br />
Palaemonella biunguiculata Nobili, 1904:233<br />
Djibouti<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Palaemonella burnsi Holthuis, 1973:24, figs. 8, 9<br />
Small lava pool near coast of Keoneoio (= La Perouse)<br />
Bay at extreme east end of Cape Kinau Peninsula,<br />
Maui, Hawaii<br />
Palaemonella crosnieri Bruce, 1978a:210, figs. 2-4<br />
lies Glorieuses; 11°28.1'S, 27°[sic] 21.1'E; 20 m<br />
Palaemonella disalvoi Fransen, 1987:511, figs.7-12<br />
Tahai, west coast of Easter Island; 35 m<br />
Palaemonella dolichodactylus Bruce, 1991a:232, figs.<br />
6f-l, 7<br />
New Caledonia; 22°14.5'S, 167°02.0'E; 65-70 m<br />
Palaemonella elegans Borradaile, 1915:210<br />
Salomon Island<br />
= Palaemonella tenuipes<br />
Palaemonella holmesi (Nobili, 1907)<br />
Anchista tenuipes Holmes<br />
Periclimenes Holmesi Nobili, 1907:5<br />
Replacement name for Anchista tenuipes Holmes<br />
Palaemonella laccadivensis—See Periclimenes laccadivensis<br />
87. Palaemonella lota Kemp, 1922:127, figs. 3-6<br />
Aberdeen. Fort Blair, Andaman Islands; Rock pool at<br />
low tide<br />
Palaemonella longirostris—See Periclimenes longirostris<br />
Palaemonella orientalis—See Vir orientalis<br />
88. Palaemonella pottsi (Borradaile, 1915)<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) pottsi Borradaile, 1915:212<br />
Torres Strait; on crinoid, Comanthus<br />
Palaemonella pusilla Bruce, 1975b: 169, figs. 1-5<br />
Kisiti Island, Wasini, Kenya; 4°43.3'S, 39°22.15'E;<br />
sheltered coral reef, low water<br />
*89. Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898)<br />
Periclimenes rotumanus Borradaile, 1898:383<br />
Rotuma, Fiji Islands<br />
Palaemonella vestigialis<br />
Palaemonella spinulata Yokoya, 1936:135, fig. 4<br />
Misaki, Japan<br />
90. Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852a:25<br />
Sulu Sea<br />
Palaemonella tridentata<br />
Palaemonella elegans<br />
Palaemonella tridentata Borradaile, 1899:1007, pi. 64:<br />
fig. 8<br />
Funafuti<br />
= Palaemonella tenuipes<br />
Palaemonella vestigialis Kemp, 1922:123, figs. 1, 2, pi.<br />
3: fig. 2<br />
Aberdeen, Port Blair, Andaman Islands<br />
= Palaemonella rotumana<br />
Palaemonella Yucatanica—See Periclimenes yucatanicus<br />
Palaemonetes natalensis—See Periclimenaeus natalensis<br />
PARACLIMENAEUS Bruce, 1988c:222<br />
Type species: Periclimenaeus fimbriatus<br />
Paraclimenaeus fimbriatus (Borradaile, 1915)<br />
Periclimenaeus fimbriatus Borradaile, 1915:213
52<br />
Mulaku Atoll, Maldive Islands and Providence Island,<br />
Seychelles; 70-90 m<br />
PARANCHISTUS Holthuis, 1952c:5, 13, 91<br />
Type species: Anchistus biunguiculatus<br />
91. Paranchistus armatus H. Milne Edwards, 1837<br />
Pfontonia] armata H. Milne Edwards, 1837:359<br />
New Ireland<br />
Anchistus biunguiculatus<br />
Anchistus oshimai<br />
92. Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952c: 100, figs. 41, 42<br />
Arzanah Island, Ruqq Az Zaqqum Bank, Persian Gulf<br />
coast of United Arab Emirates; in bivalve mollusk,<br />
Spondylus gaederopus<br />
Paranchistus ornatus Holthuis, 1952c:97, figs. 39, 40<br />
Mozambique<br />
Paranchistus pycnodontae Bruce, 1978b:233, figs. 1-5,<br />
pi. 39<br />
Heron Island, Capricorn Group, Queensland, Australia;<br />
central lagoon, 3 m, in giant clam, Pycnodonta<br />
hyotis<br />
93. Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983c:890, fig. 9<br />
Indonesia; in oyster, Ostrea<br />
Paranchistus spondyUs Suzuki, 1971:15, figs. 8, 9<br />
"Shiraiso," near Manazuru Marine Biological Laboratory,<br />
Sagami Bay, Honshu, Japan; rocky shore, in<br />
bivalve mollusk, Spondylus barbatus<br />
PARAPON<strong>TO</strong>SIA Bruce, 1968a: 1148<br />
IVpe species: Parapontonia nudirostris<br />
Parapontonia nudirostris Bruce, 1968a: 1149, figs. 1-5<br />
Tiar6 Bay, Noumea, New Caledonia; 22°10'S,<br />
PARATYP<strong>TO</strong>N Balss, 1914b:83<br />
TVpe species: Paratypton siebenrocki<br />
94. Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914a:84, fig. 1<br />
Senafir, Koseir, and Sherm al Sheikh, Red Sea; Jaluit,<br />
Marshall Islands; and Samoa<br />
PEUAS P. ROUX, 1831:25 [not PELIAS Merrem, 1820]<br />
Type species: Alpheus amethystes<br />
= PERICLIMENES<br />
Pelias notatus Heller, 1862a:526<br />
Nicobars<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
* PERICLIMENAEUS Borradaile, 1915:207<br />
Type species: Periclimenaeus robustus<br />
Periclimenaeus arabicus (Caiman, 1939)<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) arabicus Caiman,<br />
1939:210, fig. 4<br />
Khalij al Masirah, eastern Oman; 19°22.6'N,<br />
57°53.0'E; 13.5 m, from surface of sponge, Periclimenaeus<br />
ohshimai<br />
Periclimenaeus ardeae Bruce, 197Oc:31O<br />
Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; in littoral<br />
sponges<br />
95. Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952c: 122,<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
figs. 51-53<br />
Pulau Sailus-ketjil, Kepulauan Tengah, Indonesia<br />
Periclimenaeus ascidiarum Holthuis, 1951a:80, pi. 22:<br />
figs, g-1, pi. 23<br />
Bird Key Reef, Dry Tortugas, Florida<br />
Periclimenaeus atlanticus (Rathbun, 1901)<br />
Coralliocaris atlantica Rathbun, 1901:122, fig. 26<br />
Off St. Thomas, Virgin Islands; 37-42 m<br />
Periclimenaeus bermudensis (Armstrong, 1940)<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) bermudensis Armstrong,<br />
1940: 4, figs. 2, 3A-F<br />
The Reach, St. George Island, Bermuda; in black<br />
sponge<br />
Periclimenaeus bidentatus Bruce, 197Oc:3O5<br />
Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; in littoral<br />
sponges<br />
Periclimenaeus bouvieri (Nobili, 1904)<br />
Typton Bouvieri Nobili, 1904:233<br />
Djibouti<br />
Periclimenaeus bredini Chace, 1972b:26, fig. 5<br />
Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, Mexico; 1-3 feet, grass<br />
flats<br />
Periclimenaeus caraibicus Holthuis, 195la: 110, pis.<br />
32/i-j, 34<br />
Buccoo Reef, Tobago, West Indies<br />
Periclimenaeus chacei Abele, 1971:38, figs. 1, 2<br />
Northeastern Gulf of Mexico; 28°31'N, 84°16'W;<br />
26 m<br />
Periclimenaeus crassipes (Caiman, 1939)<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) crassipes Caiman,<br />
1939:211, fig. 5<br />
Ghubbat Sawquirah, southeastern Oman, 18°025.5'N,<br />
57°025'E; 38 m, possibly associated with calcareous<br />
sponges<br />
Periclimenaeus diplosomatis Bruce, 1980b:39,<br />
figs. 1-6<br />
Heron Island, Capricorn Islands, Queensland, Australia;<br />
23°26.9'S, 151°55'E; low water, in ascidian,<br />
Diplosoma<br />
Periclimenaeus djiboutensis Bruce, 1970c: 307<br />
Djibouti<br />
Periclimenaeus fimbriatus—See Paraclimenaeus<br />
fimbriatus<br />
Periclimenaeus garthi Bruce, 1976b:443, figs. 2-4<br />
"Dunidu Is.," Mate Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
Periclimenaeus gorgonidarum (Balss, 1913)<br />
Periclimenes gorgonidarum Balss, 1913:236<br />
Sagami Nada near Misaki, Japan; 20-30 m, on<br />
gorgonian<br />
Periclimenaeus hancocki Holthuis, 1951a:97, pi. 29<br />
Bahia Pina, Panama; 59 m<br />
Periclimenaeus hebedactylus Bruce, 1970c: 308<br />
Makunduchi, Zanzibar<br />
96. Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili, 1904)
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 53<br />
Coralliocaris hecate Nobilii, 1904:232<br />
Djibouti<br />
97. Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969a: 159<br />
Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 17 m<br />
Periclimenaeus jeancharcoti Bruce, 1991b:371, figs.<br />
50-55<br />
Off New Caledonia, 21°31'S, 166°21'E; 375-450 m<br />
Periclimenaeus leptodactylus Fujino and Miyake,<br />
1968b:90, figs. 3-5<br />
Kasari-cho, Amami O Shima, Japan; in small pits on<br />
surface of sponge<br />
Periclimenaeus lobiferus Bruce, 1978a:260, figs.<br />
30-35<br />
Mozambique Channel; 15°21.7'S, 46°12.6'E;<br />
80-85 m<br />
Periclimenaeus manihinei Bruce, 1976c: 138, figs.<br />
29,30<br />
Saint Anne Bay, Praslin Island, Seychelles<br />
Periclimenaeus maxiUulidens (Schmitt, 1936)<br />
Periclimenes maxiUulidens Schmitt, 1936:371, pi. 13<br />
Entrance to Lac, Bonaire; 1 m<br />
*98. Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952c: 134, figs.<br />
57-59<br />
Banda, Indonesia; 9-36 m<br />
Periclimenaeus natalensis (Stebbing, 1915)<br />
Palaemonetes natalensis Stebbingg, 1915:78, pi. 19<br />
Cape Natal [South Africa], N by E 24 miles [38.4 km];<br />
800 m<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Periclimenaeus nobilii Bruce, 1974c: 1577, figs. 13F, 14<br />
Red Sea<br />
Periclimenaeus odontodactylus—See Periclimenoides<br />
odontodactylus<br />
Periclimenaeus ohshimai Miyake and Fujino, 1967:275,<br />
fig. 1<br />
Takamatsu, Amakusa Shimo Jima, Kyushu, Japan<br />
= Periclimenaeus arabicus<br />
Periclimenaeus orbiiospinatus Bruce, 1969a: 160<br />
Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia; 18-27 m<br />
Periclimenaeus ornatus—See Orthopontonia ornata<br />
Periclimenaeus orontes Bruce, 1986d:151, figs. IB,<br />
6-10<br />
Orontes Reef, Port Essington, Cobourg Peninsula,<br />
Arnhem Land, Northern Australia; ll°03.6'S,<br />
132°O5.OE; 3 m, associated with sponge, Jaspis<br />
Periclimenaeus pachydentatus Bruce, 1969a: 162<br />
Great Barrier Reef, Australia; 14°12'N, 142°48'E;<br />
35 m<br />
Periclimenaeuspacificus Holthuis, 195la:85, pi. 25<br />
Bahia Pina, Panama; 59 m<br />
Periclimenaeus palauensis Miyake and Fujino,<br />
1968:417, fig. 5<br />
Ngadarak Reef, Palau Islands<br />
Periclimenaeus pearsei (Schmitt, 1932)<br />
Coralliocaris pearsei Schmitt, 1932:123, fig. 1<br />
Dry Tortugas, Florida; 46 m, in soft black sponge<br />
Periclimenaeus perlatus (Boone, 1930)<br />
Corallocaris perlatus Boone, 1930:45, fig. 8<br />
Baie des Gonaives, Haiti<br />
Periclimenaeus quadridentatus (Rathbun, 1906)<br />
Coralliocaris quadridentata Rathbun, 1906:920, fig.<br />
69, pi. 24: fig. 1<br />
Auau Channel between Maui and Lanai, Hawaii;<br />
51-79 m<br />
Periclimenaeus rastrifer Bruce, 1980a:27, figs. 13A, B<br />
Hot Mattre, Noumea, New Caledonia; 20 m, in<br />
sponge, Dysidea<br />
Periclimenaeus rhodope (Nobili, 1904)<br />
Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) rhodope Nobili, 1904:232<br />
Djibouti<br />
Periclimenaeus robustus Borradaile, 1915:213<br />
Amirante Islands, Seychelles; 37-71 m<br />
Periclimenaeus schmitti Holthuis, 1951a:90, pi. 27<br />
Dry Tortugas, Florida<br />
Periclimenaeus spinicauda Bruce, 1969a: 164<br />
South China Sea; 20°57.5'N, 115°55.0'E—2O°57.5TS1,<br />
115°58.6'E; 64-66 m<br />
Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, 1969a: 165<br />
Off Ras Asir, Somalia; 1 l°37TSf, 51°27'E—1 l°38TSf,<br />
51°27'E;68-73m<br />
Periclimenaeus spinosus Holthuis, 195la: 113, pi. 35<br />
Near Viradores Sur Island, Puerto Culebra, Costa<br />
Rica; shallow water, coral<br />
99. Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952c: 137, figs.<br />
60-62<br />
Java Sea; 4°41'S, 113°O2'E; 28-32 m, in sponge<br />
100. Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989c: 181, fig. 5<br />
Cuaming Island, Bohol Strait, Philippines<br />
Periclimenaeus stylirostris Bruce, 1969a: 167<br />
South China Sea; 20°34.0'N, 113°3O.5'E—2O°3O.3'N,<br />
113°29.0'E; 90-91 m<br />
Periclimenaeus tchesunovi Duns, 199Oa:615, figs. 1, 2<br />
Genego Island, North Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands;<br />
20 m<br />
101. Periclimenaeus tridentatus (Miers, 1884)<br />
Coralliocaris? tridentata Miers, 1884:294, pi. 32:<br />
fig.c<br />
Thursday Island, Torres Strait<br />
Periclimenaeus trispinosus Bruce, 1969a: 169<br />
Mkokotoni, Zanzibar<br />
Periclimenaeus truncatus (Rathbun, 1906)<br />
Coralliocaris truncata Rathbun, 1906:920, fig. 70, pi.<br />
24: fig. 2<br />
South coast of Molokai, Hawaii; 4-90 m<br />
102. Periclimenaeus truncoideus, new species<br />
Periclimenaeus truncatus Holthuis, 1952c: 117, figs.<br />
48-50 [not Coralliocaris truncata Rathbun, 1906]<br />
2.3 miles [3.7 km] N, 63°W from north point of Kai
54<br />
Besar, Kepulauan Kai, Indonesia; 5°36.5'S,<br />
132°55.2'E;90m<br />
Periclimenaeus tuamotae Bruce, 1969a: 170<br />
Mururoa Island, Tbamotu Archipelago<br />
Periclimenaeus uropodialis Barnard, 1958:18, fig. 6<br />
Baia de Lourenco Marques, Mozambique<br />
Periclimenaeus usitatus Bruce, 1969a: 172<br />
Off Mafia Island, Tanzania; 7°46'48"S, 39°42'36"E;<br />
20 m<br />
Periclimenaeus wilsoni (Hay, 1917)<br />
Coralliocaris wilsoni Hay, 1917:71<br />
Fishing grounds, 20 miles [32 km] off Beaufort, North<br />
Carolina<br />
Periclimenaeus zanzibaricus Bruce, 1969a: 174<br />
Uroa, Zanzibar; littoral sponges<br />
Periclimenaeus zarenkovi Duris, 1990a:620, figs. 3, 4<br />
Genego Island, North Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands;<br />
0.7 m<br />
PERJCUMENES Costa, 1844:290<br />
Type species: Periclimenes insignis<br />
PEUAS P. ROUX<br />
ANCHISTIA<br />
HARPILIUS<br />
UROCARIS<br />
DENNISIA<br />
ANCYLOCARIS<br />
CORNIGER Borradaile<br />
CRISTIGER Borradaile<br />
FALCIGER<br />
LAOMENES<br />
CUA PETES<br />
Periclimenes aesopius (Bate, 1863)<br />
Anchistia aesopia Bate, 1863:502, pi. 41: fig. 5<br />
Gulf of St. Vincent, South Australia<br />
*103. Periclimenes affinis (Zehnter, 1894)<br />
Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894:208<br />
Ambon<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) affinis Borradaile, 1915:211<br />
[not Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894]<br />
Saloman Island, Chagos Archipelago<br />
= Periclimenes longirostris<br />
Periclimenes agag Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) agag Kemp, 1922:197,<br />
figs. 47-50, pi. 7: fig. 9<br />
Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 m<br />
Periclimenes akiensis Kubo, 1936<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) akiensis Kubo, 1936:47,<br />
pi. 14<br />
"Simokamogari-mura, Province Aki," Japan; trawled<br />
in "weedy shallow water"<br />
*104. Periclimenes albatrossae, new species<br />
South China Sea off western Luzon, Philippines;<br />
16°33' 52"N, 119°52'54"E; 315 m<br />
105. Periclimenes alcocki Kemp, 1922<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) alcocki Kemp, 1922:154,<br />
figs. 21-24<br />
Laccadive Sea; 9°34'57"N, 75°36'30"E; 743 m<br />
Periclimenes aleator Bruce, 1991b:315, figs. 10-14<br />
Loyalty Islands, 2O°53'S, 167°17'E; 570-610 m<br />
Periclimenes alegrias Bruce, 1986d:143, figs. 1A, 2-5,<br />
15A-C<br />
Coral Bay, Port Essington, Arnhem Land, Northern<br />
Australia; 11°11.2'S, 132°02.8'E; 2-4 m, associated<br />
with crinoid, Stephanometra spicata<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) amamiensis Kubo,<br />
1940b:44, figs. 11, 12<br />
Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands<br />
= Periclimenes lutescens<br />
106. Periclimenes amboinensis (De Man, 1888)<br />
Anchistia amboinensis De Man, 1888b:546, pi. 22a:<br />
fig. 2<br />
Ambon<br />
?= Periclimenes cornutus<br />
Periclimenes americanus (Kingsley, 1878)<br />
Anchistia americana Kingsley, 1878:65<br />
Key West, Florida<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) bermudensis Lebour<br />
Pariclemenes (Ancylocaris) rhizophorae<br />
Periclimenes amethysteus (Risso, 1827)<br />
Alpheus amethystea Risso, 1827:77, pi. 4: fig. 16<br />
Southern Europe (Nice?)<br />
Periclimenes insignis<br />
<strong>•</strong>107. Periclimenes amymone De Man, 1902:829, pi. 25:<br />
fig. 53<br />
Ternate, Indonesia<br />
Periclimenes anacanthus Bruce, 1988d: 105, figs. 1-5<br />
Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia; sea-grass beds<br />
108. Periclimenes andamanensis Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) andamanensis Kemp,<br />
1922:204, figs. 54-57<br />
Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 m<br />
Periclimenes andresi Macpherson, 1988:52, figs. 1-4<br />
Namibia, southwestern Africa; 17°15'S, 11°27'E;<br />
185 m<br />
Periclimenes anthophilus Holthuis and Eibl-Eibesfeldt,<br />
1964<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) anthophilus Holthuis and<br />
Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1964:185, figs. 1-4<br />
Whalebone Bay, Bermuda; 2-3 m, on sea anemones<br />
Periclimenes antonbruunii Bruce, 1967a:45, figs. 19-22<br />
Pamanzi Island reef, Dzaoudzi, He de Mayotte,<br />
Comoro Islands<br />
= Urocaridella antonbruunii<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) arabicus—See Periclimenaeus<br />
arabicus<br />
109. Periclimenes attenuatus Bruce, 1971d:533, figs. 1-5<br />
"Waterhouse Cove, Burukuk," Duke of York Group,<br />
New Ireland, Bismarck Archipelago; 4°7.3'E,
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 55<br />
152°27.3'E; 1-2 m, on crinoid<br />
110. Periclimenes batei (Borradaile, 1917)<br />
Palaemonella batei Borradaile, 1917:357, 358<br />
Off Sibago Island, Sulu Archipelago, Philippines;<br />
6°47'N, 122°28'E;46m<br />
Periclimenes batei Holthuis, 1950a;22 [not<br />
Palaemonella batei Borradaile, 1917]<br />
= Periclimenes yaldwyni<br />
Periclimenes bayeri Holthuis, 1981:792, fig. 3a-h<br />
Ine village, Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands; outer edge<br />
of sea reef, on coral, Pocillopora<br />
Periclimenes beaufortensis—See Neopontonides<br />
beaufortensis<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus) bermudensis Armstrong,<br />
1940-<br />
See Periclimenaeus bermudensis<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) bermudensis Lebour,<br />
1949a;1115, fig. 6 [not Periclimenes (Periclimenaeus)<br />
bermudensis Armstrong, 1940]<br />
Mangrove Lake, Bermuda<br />
= Periclimenes americanus<br />
Periclimenes bicolor Edmondson, 1935:10, fig. 3<br />
Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii; on asteroid, Linckia<br />
multiflora, in shallow water<br />
= Periclimenes soror<br />
Periclimenes borradailei Rathbun, 1904:34<br />
[Replacement name for Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile,<br />
1898]<br />
Periclimenes Borradailei Nobili, 1905b: 159 [not Periclimenes<br />
borradailei Rathbun, 1904]<br />
Persian Gulf off coast of United Arab Emirates;<br />
25°10'N, 55°10'N, 24°55'N, 54°40'E<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Periclimenes bowmani Chace, 1972b:32, figs. 1, 2<br />
Reef south of Marigot Harbour, St. Lucia, Windward<br />
Islands; 2-3 m<br />
111. Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902)<br />
Palaemonella amboinensis Zehntner<br />
Ancylocaris brevicarpalis Schenkel, 1902:563, pi. 13:<br />
fig. 21<br />
Ujung Pandang, Celebes, Indonesia<br />
Palaemonella aberrans<br />
Harpilius latirostris<br />
Periclimenes potina<br />
Periclimenes hermitensis<br />
Periclimenes brevinaris Nobili, 1906b:42, pi. 3:<br />
fig. 7, 7a<br />
Persian Gulf off coast of United Arab Emirates;<br />
25°10TSf, 55°1O'E—24°55'N,54°40'E<br />
Periclimenes Borradailei Nobili<br />
Periclimenes brevirostris Bruce 1991b:322, figs. 15-20<br />
Off He des Pins, New Caledonia, 22°05.8'S,<br />
167° lOJ'E; 500-550 m<br />
Periclimenes brocketti Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) brocketti Borradaile,<br />
1915:212<br />
Male Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
?= Periclimenes affinis<br />
112. Periclimenes brockii (De Man, 1888)<br />
Anchistia Brockii De Man, 1888b:548, pi. 22a: fig. 3<br />
Ambon<br />
Periclimenes brucei Duris, 1990b: 1, figs. 1, 2<br />
Genego Island, North Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands;<br />
52 m<br />
*113. Periclimenes calcaratus, new species<br />
Albay Gulf, Philippines; 13 O 12% 123°49'18"E;<br />
[267 m]<br />
Pariclimenes calmani Tattersall, 1921:385, pi. 27: fig.<br />
11, pi. 28: figs. 14, 15<br />
Sudanese coast of Red Sea<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) calmani Johnson, 1962b:59<br />
[not Periclimenes calmani Tattersall, 1921]<br />
Pasir Laba, Singapore; 1°21'N, 103°38'E; in Enhalus<br />
beds<br />
= Periclimenes johnsoni<br />
Periclimenes carinidactylus Bruce, 1969b:254<br />
Bottle and Glass Rocks, Port Jackson, Sydney<br />
Harbour, Australia; 6 m<br />
114. Periclimenes ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Corniger) ceratophthalmus Borradaile,<br />
1915:211<br />
Male Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
Periclimenes colemani Bruce, 1975c;488, figs. 1-8<br />
Heron Island, Queensland, Australia; on echinoid,<br />
Areosoma thetidis<br />
115. Periclimenes commensalis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis Borradaile,<br />
1915:211<br />
Torres Strait; on crinoid, Comanthus annulatus<br />
Periclimenes compressus Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) compressus Borradaile,<br />
1915:212<br />
Saya de Malha Bank, western Indian Ocean; 265 m<br />
116. Periclimenes consobrinus (De Man, 1902)<br />
Harpilius consobrinus De Man, 1902:836, pi. 26:<br />
fig. 54<br />
Ternate, Indonesia<br />
117. Periclimenes coriolis Bruce, 1985b:234, figs. 4-7<br />
Southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines;<br />
14°01.(m, \20°\l.\ r E; 186-184 m<br />
Periclimenes (Corniger) cornutus Borradaile, 1915:211<br />
Male Atoll, Maldive Islands; on crinoid<br />
?= Periclimenes amboinensis<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) crassipes—See Periclimenaeus<br />
crassipes<br />
Periclimenes crinoidalis Chace, 1969:251, figs. 1, 2<br />
Jan Thiel Beach, Curasao, Netherlands Antilles; 38 m,<br />
on crinoid
56<br />
118. Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965:487, figs. 1, 2<br />
Pulau Sudong, near Pulau Salu, Singapore; 1<br />
103°43.65'E; on echinoid, Diadema setosum<br />
Periclimenes curvirostris Kubo, 1940<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) curvirostris Kubo,<br />
1940b:35, figs. 3-5<br />
Kumano Nada, off Mie Prefecture, southern Honshu,<br />
Japan; about 311m<br />
Periclimenes darwiniensis Bruce, 1987b:29, figs. 1-5<br />
Weed Reef, Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory,<br />
Australia; 12°31.6'S, 130°47.3'E; intertidal pool<br />
Periclimenes delagoae Barnard, 1958:14, fig. 4B<br />
Baia de Lourenco Marques, Mozambique, in coral<br />
Periclimenes demani Kemp, 1915:279, fig. 27, pi. 13:<br />
fig. 10<br />
Chilka Lake, India; salt to nearly fresh water<br />
Periclimenes denticulatus Nobili, 1906<br />
Pariclimenes Petitthouarsi var. Denticulata Nobili,<br />
1906a:257<br />
Gatavake, lies Gambier, Tuamotu Archipelago<br />
* 119. Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984a:7, figs. 1-6<br />
Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 0°31.4TST, 117°50.1'E;<br />
592-595 m<br />
Periclimenes difficilis Bruce, 1976c;l 11, figs. 15-17<br />
Saint Anns Bay, Praslin Island, Seychelle Islands; 6<br />
m, on coral, Porites<br />
120. Periclimenes digitalis Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) digitalis Kemp, 1922:224,<br />
fig. 65, pi. 8: fig. 12<br />
Off Viper Island, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 6-9 m<br />
121. Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) diversipes Kemp,<br />
1922:179, figs. 36-39 [part]<br />
Kilakarai, Gulf of Mannar, southern India: low tide,<br />
on coral, Montipora<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) dubius Borradaile, 1915:211<br />
Minicoy, Laccadive Islands<br />
= Periclimenes elegans<br />
Periclimenes edwardsii (Paulson, 1875)<br />
Anchfistia] Edwardsii Paulson, 1875:114, pi. 17: fig.<br />
2-2b<br />
Red Sea<br />
*122. Periclimenes elegans (Paulson, 1875)<br />
Anch[istia] elegans Paulson, 1875:113, pi. 17: fig. 1<br />
Red Sea<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) dubius<br />
Periclimenes elegans Gourret, 1884:15 [not Anchistia<br />
elegans Paulson]<br />
"Golfe de Marseille"<br />
Nomen nudum<br />
?= Periclimenes scriptus<br />
123. Periclimenes ensifrons (Dana, 1852)<br />
Anchistia ensifrons Dana, 1852a:25<br />
Balabac Strait, North Borneo<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Periclimenes exederens Bruce, 1969b:255<br />
South China Sea; 20°36.0'N, 113°54.2'E—2O°38.8'N,<br />
113°57.8'E; 86-88 m<br />
Periclimenes finlayi Chace, 1972b:35, fig. 8<br />
Off Marigot Bay, St. Lucia, Windward Islands; 165 m,<br />
mollusk trap<br />
Periclimenes forcipulatus Bruce, 1991a:330, figs.<br />
21-25<br />
Loyalty Islands, 20°166°54'E; 460 m<br />
124. Periclimenes foresti Bruce, 1981c:201, figs. 10-11, 17c<br />
Southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines;<br />
14°00.0 / N, 120°18.0'E— 14°01.7'N, 120°20.2'E;<br />
189-209 m<br />
125. Periclimenes foveolatus Bruce, 1981c: 196, figs. 6-9,<br />
17a,b, 18b,c<br />
Southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines;<br />
14°01.0;N, 120°15.8'E—13°59.2'N, 120°18.8'E;<br />
191-188 m<br />
Periclimenes franklini Bruce, 1990e:55<br />
Coral Sea<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) frater Borradaile, 1915:210<br />
Seychelles<br />
= Periclimenes soror<br />
Periclimenes fujinoi Bruce, 1990a: 161, figs. 8-11,<br />
39a,b<br />
Chesterfield Islands; 22°06.9'S, 159°24.6'E;<br />
487-610 m<br />
126. Periclimenes galene Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) galene Holthuis, 1952c:62,<br />
fig. 24<br />
Ambon (0-2 m) and islet off Manado [northern<br />
Celebes]<br />
Periclimenes gonioporae Bruce, 1989c: 149, figs. 1-3,<br />
4a<br />
Ras Iwatine, Mombasa, Kenya; 4°01.15'S,<br />
39°43.78'E; low water spring tide level, on coral,<br />
Goniopora<br />
Periclimenes gorgonicola Bruce, 1969b:257<br />
South China Sea; 21°47.7'N, 116°28.5'E—21°43.3 / N,<br />
116°28.0'E; 110-132 m, on gorgonian, Melithea<br />
Periclimenes gorgonidarum—See Periclimenaeus<br />
gorgonidarum<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) gracilirostris Kubo,<br />
1940b:41, figs. 8-10<br />
Kumano Nada off Mie Prefecture, Japan; about 310 m<br />
= Periclimenes hertwigi<br />
127. Periclimenes gracilis (Dana, 1852)<br />
Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1852a:25<br />
Sulu Sea, Philippines<br />
128. Periclimenes grandis (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Anchistia grandis Stimpson, 1860; 39<br />
Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands<br />
Periclimenes vitiensis<br />
Periclimenes granulatus Holthuis, 1950
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 57<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) granulatus Holthuis,<br />
1950c: 10, fig. 1, pi. 1<br />
Algeria; 100 m, among pearl oysters and alcyonarians<br />
Periclimenes granulimanus Bruce, 1978a:237, figs.<br />
16-19<br />
Tany Kely, northwest coast of Madagascar near Nosy<br />
Be; on antipatharian<br />
Periclimenes granuloides Hayashi in Baba, Hayashi,<br />
andToriyama, 1986:102, figs. [62], 18<br />
Tosa Bay, Japan; 130 m<br />
Periclimenes harringtoni Lebour, 1949a:l 110, fig. 3<br />
Harrington Sound, Bermuda<br />
Periclimenes hermitensis Rathbun, 1914:655, pi. 1: figs.<br />
1-3<br />
Hermite, Monte Bello Islands<br />
= Periclimenes brevicarpalis<br />
129. Periclimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913:235<br />
Sagami Bay, Japan; 120 m, on echinoid<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) gracilirostris<br />
Periclimenes hirsutus Bruce, 1971e:91, figs. 1-6<br />
Nukulau Island, Lauthala Bay, Suva, Viti Levu, Fiji<br />
Islands; on echinoid<br />
Periclimenes Holmesi—See PalaemoneUa holmesi<br />
*130. Periclimenes holthuisi Bruce, 1969b:258<br />
Leung Ha Bay, N.T., Hong Kong; 22°18.5'N,<br />
114°18.2'E; 4 m, on sea anemones<br />
Periclimenes hongkongensis Bruce, 1969b:259<br />
Rocky Harbour, Hong Kong; 22°20.0'N, 114°21'E;<br />
26 m<br />
Periclimenes (Pariclimenes) impar Kemp, 1922:147,<br />
figs. 16, 17, pi. 3: fig. 1<br />
Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 9 m, on pinkish sponge<br />
= Periclimenes incertus<br />
Periclimenes imperator Bruce, 1967a:53, figs. 23-25<br />
Zanzibar; on nudibranch<br />
*131. Periclimenes incertus Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) incertus Borradaile,<br />
1915:210<br />
Maldive Islands<br />
Periclimenes (Pariclimenes) impar<br />
132. Periclimenes indie us (Kemp, 1915)<br />
Urocaris indica Kemp, 1915:275, fig. 26, pi. 13:<br />
fig. 9<br />
Chilka Lake, India; fresh and brackish water<br />
Periclimenes infraspinis (Rathbun, 1902)<br />
Urocaris infraspinis Rathbun, 1902:903<br />
Bahia Concepcion, Baja California, Mexico<br />
Periclimenes ingressicolumbi Berggren and Svane,<br />
1989;432, figs. 1-5<br />
Off San Salvador Island, Bahama Islands; 579 m, on<br />
spines of echinoid, Palaeopneustes tholoformis<br />
133. Periclimenes inornatus Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) inornatus Kemp,<br />
1922:191, figs. 43-46<br />
Port Blair, Andaman Islands; on sea anemones<br />
Periclimenes insignis O.G. Costa in O.G. Costa and A.<br />
Costa, 1844:[4], pi. 6; figs. 1-6<br />
Naples<br />
= Periclimenes amethysteus<br />
Periclimenes insolitus Bruce, 1974b:293, figs. 1-8<br />
Waikiki Beach, Oahu, Hawaii; 21°15.9'N,<br />
157°50.5'W;<br />
rocky flat outside surf zone, on echinoid, Pseudoboletia<br />
Periclimenes investigatoris Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) investigatoris Kemp,<br />
1922:160, figs. 26, 27, pi. 5: fig. 6<br />
Persian Gulf; 29°20'N, 48°47'E; 24 m, on alcyonarian<br />
Periclimenes iridescens Lebour, 1949a: 1112, figs. 4, 5<br />
Off Castle Roads, Bermuda<br />
Periclimenes ischiospinosus Bruce, 1991a:240, figs. 3b,<br />
9-12<br />
New Caledonia; 21°44'S, 166°32'E; 50 m<br />
134. Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987c: 115, figs. 1-5<br />
Replacement name for Periclimenes (Harpilius) calmam<br />
Johnson, 1961 [not Tattersall, 1921]<br />
135. Periclimenes jugalis Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) jugalis Holthuis, 1952c:67,<br />
fig. 26<br />
Djedan, Kepulauan Am, Indonesia; 13 m<br />
136. Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969b:260<br />
Hurghada, Red Sea coast of Egypt; 27°14'N, 38°50'E;<br />
1 m, associated with alcyonarians<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) kolumadulensis Borradaile,<br />
1915:213<br />
Kolumadulu Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
= Periclimenes tenuipes<br />
Periclimenes kornii (Lo Bianco, 1903)<br />
Anchistia Kornii Lo Bianco, 1903:250, pi. 7: fig. 13<br />
Off Capri; 1080 m<br />
137. Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977c:33, figs. 1-4<br />
Koror, Palau Islands; associated with fungiid coral,<br />
Heliofungia<br />
Periclimenes laccadivensis (Alcock and Anderson,<br />
1894)<br />
PalaemoneUa laccadivensis Alcock and Anderson,<br />
1894:157<br />
Laccadive Sea; 770-1353<br />
*138. Periclimenes lanipes Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) lanipes Kemp, 1922:156,<br />
pi. 4: fig. 4<br />
Mergui Archipelago; 12°48'N,98 o 16'10 / 'E;44 m<br />
139. Periclimenes latipollex Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) latipollex Kemp,<br />
1922:150, fig. 18, pi. 4: fig. 3<br />
Mergui Archipelago; 12 o 15'20"N,97 o 10'10*E; 113 m<br />
Periclimenes lepidus Bruce, 1978a:244, figs. 20-24<br />
Northwest coast of Madagascar near Nosy Be; 40 m
58<br />
Periclimenes leptodactylus Bruce, 1991b:338, figs.<br />
26-30<br />
Loyalty Islands, 20°37.8'S, 167°02.7'E; 825-370 m<br />
Periclimenes leptopus Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) leptopus Kemp,<br />
1922:173, figs. 31-33<br />
Brigade Creek, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 4-9 m<br />
Periclimenes lifuensis—See Philarius lifuensis<br />
Periclimenes longicarpus Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:13,<br />
figs. 4-8<br />
Al Aqaba, Jordan; 15 m, on actinian, Entacmaea<br />
Periclimenes longicaudatus (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Urocaris longicaudatus Stimpson, 1860:39<br />
"Coast of Carolina"<br />
Periclimenes longimanus (Dana, 1852)<br />
Anchistia longimana Dana, 1852a:25<br />
TVpe locality unknown<br />
Periclimenes longipes (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Urocaris longipes Stimpson, 1860:39<br />
Amami O Shima, Ryukyu Islands; 37 m<br />
140. Periclimenes longirostris (Borradaile, 1915)<br />
Palaemonella longirostris Borradaile, 1915:210<br />
Naifaro Island, Fadiffolu Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) affinis Borradale, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) proximus<br />
Periclimenes lucasi Chace, 1937<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) lucasi Chace, 1937:133,<br />
fig. 8<br />
San Lucas Bay, Baja California, Mexico; 22°53'N,<br />
109° 54'W; 6-17 m<br />
141. Periclimenes lutescens (Dana, 1852)<br />
Harpilius lutescens Dana, 1852a:25<br />
Tongatapu Island, Tonga Islands<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) amamiensis<br />
Periclimenes macrophthalmus Fujino and Miyake, 1970<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) macrophthalmus Fujino and<br />
Miyake, 1970b:250, figs. 3-5<br />
East China Sea west of Goto Retto, Kyushu, Japan;<br />
32°36.7'N, 127°42.8'E; 145 m<br />
Periclimenes madreporae Bruce, 1969b:262<br />
Erskine Island, Capricorn Group, Great Barrier Reef,<br />
Queensland, Australia; 6-11 m, in scleractinian<br />
corals<br />
142. Periclimenes magnificus Bruce, 1979d:195, figs. 1-5,<br />
pi. 1A-C<br />
Wistari Reef, Heron Island, Queensland, Australia;<br />
26-29 m, with coral, Catalaphyllia<br />
Periclimenes magnus Holthuis, 1951<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) magnus Holthuis, 1951a:52,<br />
pi. 15<br />
Gulf of Mexico off Aransas, Texas; 27°40', 96°34'W;<br />
50 m<br />
Periclimenes mahei Bruce, 1969b:263<br />
North West Bay, Mahe\ Seychelles; 4°36'15"S,<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
55°26'O1"E; 2-4 m, on scleractinian corals<br />
Periclimenes maldivensis Bruce, 1969b:264<br />
Suvadiva Atoll, Maldive Islands, on echinoid<br />
Periclimenes maxillulidens—See Periclimenaeus<br />
maxillulidens<br />
Periclimenes meyeri Chace, 1969:255, figs. 3, 4<br />
Jan Thiel Beach, Cura?ao, Netherlands Antilles; 24 m,<br />
on crinoid<br />
Periclimenes milleri Bruce, 1986e:637, figs. 1-5<br />
Off San Salvador, Bahama Islands; 24°02.75'N,<br />
74°32.53'W; 527 m, associated with asterostomatid<br />
echinoid, Heterobrissus hystrix<br />
143. Periclimenes nilandensis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis Borradaile,<br />
1915:211<br />
Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
Periclimenes novaecaledoniae Bruce, 1968a: 1157, figs.<br />
6-9<br />
Hot Maftre, Noumea, New Caledonia; 22°20'20"S,<br />
116°25'E, on crinoid, Tropiometra afra<br />
Periclimenes (Hamiger) novae-zealandiae—See Hamiger<br />
novaezealandiae<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) noverca—See Zenopontonia<br />
noverca<br />
Periclimenes obscurus Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) obscurus Kemp, 1922:144,<br />
figs. 14, 15<br />
Springhaven, Madras Harbor, India; near encrusted<br />
buoys and piles<br />
Periclimenes ordinarius Bruce, 1991b:344, figs. 31-35<br />
Off New Caledonia, 18°o04'S, 163°27.5'E<br />
Periclimenes ornatellus Bruce, 1979e:219, figs. 4-6, pi.<br />
1C-E<br />
Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands; 1-2 m, with<br />
actinian, Radianthus<br />
144. Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969b: 266<br />
"Lung Ha Bay," N.T., Hong Kong; 22° 18.5',<br />
114°18.2'E; 4 m, on actiniarian<br />
Periclimenes orontes—See Periclimenaeus orontes<br />
Periclimenes paivai Chace, 1969:259, figs. 5-7<br />
Cananeia, Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil<br />
Periclimenes pandionis Holthuis, 1951<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) pandionis Holthuis,<br />
1951a:41,pl. 11<br />
Off Key West, Florida; 24°21'55"N, 81°58'25"W;<br />
179 m<br />
Periclimenes paraornatus Bruce, 1979d:207<br />
Nomen nudum<br />
Periclimenes paraparvus Bruce, 1969b:267<br />
South China Sea; 20°28.2'N, 112°52.2'E; 84-88 m<br />
Periclimenes parasitic us Borradaile, 1898:384<br />
New Britain; on starfish, Linckia<br />
?= Periclimenes soror<br />
Periclimenes parvispinatus Bruce, 1990a: 154, figs. 3-6
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 59<br />
S.W. Recif Jouan, New Caledonia; 200 m, trap<br />
Periclimenes parvus Borradaile, 1898:384<br />
Rakaiya, Blanche Bay, New Britain<br />
Periclimenes pauper Holthuis, 1951<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) pauper Holthuis, 1951a:50,<br />
pi. 14<br />
Isla Cubagua, Venezuela; rocky shore<br />
145. Periclimenes pectiniferus Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) pectiniferus Holthuis,<br />
1952c:48, figs. 15, 16<br />
Pulau Kabaladua, Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 22 m<br />
Periclimenes pectinipes Bruce, 1991b:351, figs. 36-40,<br />
75<br />
Off New Caledonia, 23°41.2'S, 168°00.5'E; 280 m<br />
Periclimenes pedersoni Chace, 1958:125, figs. 1-17<br />
Lyford Cay, New Providence Island, Bahama Islands;<br />
associated with sea anemone, Bartholomea annulata<br />
Periclimenes perlucidus Bruce, 1969b:268<br />
South China Sea; 16°06.5'N, 114°41.5TE— ^(E^X<br />
114°38.2E; 79-81 m, on gorgonian<br />
Periclimenes perryae Chace, 1942<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) perryae Chace, 1942:82,<br />
pi. 24<br />
Off Sanibel Island, Florida; 10 m, associated with<br />
basket star, Astrophyton muricatum<br />
Periclimenes perturbans Bruce, 1978a:253, figs. 25, 26<br />
Northwest coast of Madagascar near Nosy Be; 40 m,<br />
on alcyonarian, Morchellana<br />
Periclimenes petitthouarsii (Audouin, 1826)<br />
Palaemon Petitthouarsii Audouin, 1826:91<br />
Egypt<br />
Anchistia inaequimana<br />
Periclimenes Petitthouarsi var. denticulata—See Periclimenes<br />
denticulatus<br />
Periclimenes petitthouarsii var. spinifera—See<br />
Periclimenes spinifer<br />
Periclimenes pholeter Holthuis, 1973:30, figs. 10, 11,<br />
pi. 1: fig. 1<br />
"Ras Muhammad's Crack," Ras Muhammad, Sinai<br />
Peninsula, Egypt; 27°44'N, 34°15'E<br />
146. Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzlyy, 1983:644,<br />
figs. 1-6<br />
"Medren Islet," Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands;<br />
11°24'N, 162°22'E; 3 m, with crinoid, Comanthina<br />
Periclimenes platalea Holthuis, 1951<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) platalea Holthuis,<br />
1951b: 157, fig. 32<br />
Off Guinea; 9°23'N, 15°07'>V; 30-34 m<br />
147. Periclimenes platycheles Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) platycheles Holthuis,<br />
1952c:85, fig. 33<br />
Pulau Fau west of Pulau Gebe (31 m) and off<br />
Atiationin, west coast of New Guinea (to 57 m)<br />
Periclimenes platyrhynchus Bruce, 1991a:358, figs.<br />
41-44<br />
Off New Caledonia, 19°04S, 163°27'E; 260 m<br />
Periclimenes potina Nobili, 1905b: 159<br />
Arabian coasts; on a pelagic brown alga<br />
= Periclimenes brevicarpalis<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) pottsi—See Palaemonella<br />
pottsi<br />
Periclimenes poupini Bruce, 1990b:852, figs. l-6a<br />
1\ibuai, French Polynesia; 23°19'S, 142°22'W; 430-<br />
520 m, on actiniarian on gastropod shell associated<br />
with pagurid, Trizopagurus<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) proximus Kemp, 1922:201,<br />
figs. 51-53<br />
Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 m<br />
= Periclimenes longirostris<br />
*148. Periclimenes psamathe (De Man, 1902)<br />
Urocaris psamathe De Man, 1902:816, pi. 25: fig. 51<br />
Ternate, Indonesia<br />
Periclimenes pusillus Rathbun, 1906:921, fig. 71, pi. 24:<br />
fig. 7<br />
Diamond Head Light, Oahu, Hawaii, S 62°, E 3.9;<br />
surface over 24 m<br />
= Harpiliopsis depressa<br />
Periclimenes rapanui Fransen, 1987:519, figs. 13-15<br />
Tahai, W. coast of Easter Island<br />
Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924a:70, figs. 5, 6<br />
Spanish Port, Curasao<br />
149. Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981c:204, figs. 12-15<br />
Southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines;<br />
l3°53.lTSr, 12O°O8.9'E—13°53.3\ 120°10.7'E;<br />
134-129 m, possibly associated with echinoid,<br />
Eremopyga<br />
Periclimenes rex Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) rex Kemp, 1922:158, fig.<br />
25, pi. 5: fig. 5<br />
Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 15 m,<br />
possibly associated with a sponge<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) rhizophorae Lebour,<br />
1949b:605<br />
Replacement name for Periclimenes (Ancylocaris)<br />
bermudensis Lebour<br />
= Periclimenes americanus<br />
Periclimenes richeri Bruce, 1990a: 181, figs. 20, 39f<br />
New Caledonia; 24°54.5'S, 168°23.3'E; 527 m<br />
Periclimenes rotumanus—See Palaemonella rotumanus<br />
Periclimenes ruber Bruce, 1982c: 197<br />
Queensland, Australia; associated with crinoid, Zygometra<br />
Periclimenes sagittifer (Norman, 1861)<br />
Dennisia sagittifera Norman, 1861:278, pi. 13: figs.<br />
8-13<br />
Periclimenes scriptus (Risso, 1822)
60<br />
Alpheus scriptus Risso, 1822:247<br />
Nice, France<br />
IPericlimenes elegans Gourret<br />
Urocaris de Manx<br />
Periclimenes setirostris Bruce, 1991b: 364, figs. 45-49<br />
Chesterfield Islands, 25°32.8'S, 159°46.1'E; 300 m<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) setoensis Fuji no and<br />
Miyake, 1969a: 149, figs. 4, 5<br />
Shiso-jima, Tanabe-wan, Wakayama pref., Japan; 5 m<br />
= Periclimenes sinensis<br />
150. Periclimenes seychellensis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) seychellensis Borradaile,<br />
1915:212<br />
Praslin, Seychelles<br />
151. Periclimenes sibogae Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) sibogae Holthuis, 1952c:73,<br />
figs. 28, 29<br />
Anchorage at Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 9-36 m<br />
Periclimenes signatus Kemp, 1925<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) signatus Kemp,<br />
1925:322, figs. 16, 17<br />
Andaman Islands<br />
<strong>•</strong>152. Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, 1969b:270<br />
Hong Kong; on alcyonarian<br />
153. Periclimenes soror NobiU, 1904:232<br />
Djibouti<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) frater<br />
Periclimenes bicolor<br />
154. Periclimenes spinifer De Man, 1902<br />
Periclimenes petitthouarsii var. spinifera De Man,<br />
1902:824<br />
Ternate, Pulau Damar-Besar, Teluk Djakarta, Ambon,<br />
Indonesia, and Tahiti, French Polynesia<br />
Periclimenes suvadivensis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) suvadivensis Borradaile,<br />
1915:212<br />
Suvadiva Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
Periclimenes Unellus (Smith, 1882)<br />
Anchistia tenella Smith, 1882:55, pi. 9: fig. 1<br />
Continental slope off South Carolina; 32°07'N,<br />
78°37'05*W;419m<br />
<strong>•</strong>155. Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898:384<br />
New Britain<br />
Periclimenes borradailei<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) kolumadulensis<br />
Periclimenes tenuirostris Bruce, 1991a:247, figs.<br />
13-16<br />
New Caledonia; Grand Re"cif Sud; 22°35.1'S,<br />
166°59.5'E;82m<br />
156. Periclimenes teams Bruce, 1969b:272<br />
Chukwani, Zanzibar, 6°15.1'S, 39°12.7'E; 1 foot, on<br />
crinoid<br />
<strong>•</strong>157. Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969b:275<br />
"Ap Chau," Tolo Channel, Hong Kong; 9-27 m<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Periclimenes tonga Bruce, 199Od:23, figs. 1-5<br />
Nuapapa Island, Tonga; on scyphozoan, Cassiopeia<br />
158. Periclimenes tosaensis Kubo, 1951<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) tosaenssis Kubo,<br />
1951:268, figs. 7, 8<br />
Tosa Bay, off Usa, Shikoku, Japan<br />
Periclimenes ungujaensis Bruce, 1969b:275<br />
Unguja Ukuu Pwani, Zanzibar; 6°18.8'S, 39°21.1'E; 1<br />
foot<br />
Periclimenes uniunguiculatus Bruce, 1990a: 167, figs.<br />
12-15, 39e<br />
New Caledonia; 23°06S, 167°47'E. 540-600 m<br />
Periclimenes vaubani Bruce, 1990:174, figs. 16-19,<br />
38a-d<br />
New Caledonia; 23°38'S, 167°42'E; 470 m<br />
Periclimenes veleronis Holthuis, 1951<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) veleronis Holthuis,<br />
1951a:67, pi. 20<br />
La Libertad, Ecuador, 7 m<br />
159. Periclimenes venustus Bruce, 1990f:230, figs. 1-6, 7a,<br />
8a<br />
Port Essington, Northern Australia; 3 m, on actiniarians<br />
Periclimenes vitiensis Borradaile, 1898:383<br />
Fiji<br />
= Periclimenes grandis<br />
Periclimenes watamuae Bruce, 1976d:16, figs. 5, 6<br />
Watamu Park, Kenya; 3°22.0'S, 4O°OO.5'E; 2 m, from<br />
alcyonarian<br />
Periclimenes yaldwyni Holthuis, 1959<br />
Brachycarpus audouini<br />
Brachycarpus Antonini<br />
Periclimenes batei Holthuis<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) yaldwyni Holthuis,<br />
1959:197<br />
Cook Strait, New Zealand<br />
Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives, 1891)<br />
Palaemonella Yucatanica Ives, 1891:183, pi. 5: fig. 8<br />
Off Progreso, Estado de Yucatan, Mexico<br />
Periclimenes zanzibaricus Bruce, 1967a:62, figs. 26-29<br />
Fawatu Reef, Zanzibar; low tide, on echinoid, Echinothrix<br />
Periclimenes zerinae Duris. 1990b:4, figs. 3, 4<br />
Genego Island, North Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands;<br />
52 m<br />
PER1CLIMENOIDES Bruce, 1990c:616<br />
Type species: Periclimenaeus odontodactylus<br />
<strong>•</strong>160. Periclimenoides odontodactylus (Fujino and Miyake,<br />
1968)<br />
Periclimenaeus odontodactylus Fujino and Miyake,<br />
1968b:85,figs. 1,2<br />
Ushitaka, Amakusa Island, Japan<br />
*PH1LARWS Holthuis, I952c:5, 15, 151
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 61<br />
Type species: Harpilius Gerlachei<br />
*161. PhUarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905)<br />
Harpilius Gerlachei Nobili, 1905b: 160<br />
Northeast of Arzanah Island, Persian Gulf<br />
162. PhUarius imperialis (Kubo, 1940)<br />
Harpilius imperialis Kubo, 1940c:l, figs. 1-3<br />
"Nankin-Hama," Haha-Jima, Bonin Islands<br />
PhUarius lifuensis (Borradaile, 1898)<br />
Periclimenes lifuensis Borradaile, 1898:384<br />
Lifou, Loyalty Islands<br />
PhUarius lophos —See lschnopontonia lophos<br />
PLATYCARIS Holthuis, 1952c:5, 16, 172<br />
Type species: Platycaris latirostris<br />
163. Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 173, figs. 85, 86<br />
Ende, Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia<br />
PLATYPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1968b:289<br />
Type species: Pontonia! brevirostris<br />
Platypontonia brevirostris (Miers, 1884)<br />
Pontonia? brevirostris Miers, 1884:562, pi. 51: fig. B<br />
Seychelles; 22m, in "clamp shells"<br />
164. Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1971:126, figs.<br />
1-7<br />
Near TUle'ar, southwestern Madagascar, in bivalve<br />
mollusk, Pycnodonta<br />
Platypontonia pterostreae<br />
Platypontonia pterostreae Suzuki, 1971:5, figs. 3, 4,<br />
pi. 3<br />
Hatsu-shima, Sagami Bay, Honshu, Japan; in bivalve<br />
mollusk, Pterostrea<br />
= Platypontonia hyotis<br />
PLESIOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1985b:248<br />
Type species: Plesiopontonia monodi<br />
165. Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985b:250, figs. 15-17<br />
Balayan Bay, southern Luzon, Philippines; 13°49.6'N,<br />
120°51'E; 299-320 m<br />
PLIOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1973b:97<br />
Type species: Pliopontonia furtiva<br />
166. Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973b:99, figs. 1-5, pi. 1<br />
Ras Iwatine, Mombasa, Kenya; 4°00.55'S,<br />
39°44.17'E; 1 m, on coralliomorph zoantharian,<br />
Rhodactis<br />
PON<strong>TO</strong>N ELLA Heller, 1856:629<br />
Type species: Pontonella glabra<br />
= TYP<strong>TO</strong>N<br />
Pontonella glabra Heller, 1856:634, pi. 9<br />
Zadar, Yugoslavia<br />
= Typton spongicola<br />
*PON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Latreille, 1829:96<br />
Type species: Palaemon pinnophylax<br />
ALC1OPE<br />
Pontonia anachoreta Kemp, 1922:264, figs. 93-95<br />
Off Madras coast; 37 m, in ascidian<br />
Pontonia ardeae Bruce, 1981d:113, figs. 1-8<br />
Wistari Reef, Heron Island, Capricorn Group, Queen-<br />
sland, Australia; 23°27.5'S, 151°55.0'E; 18-21 m,<br />
in bivalve mollusk, Chama<br />
P[ontonia] armata—See Paranchistus armatus<br />
167. Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898:389<br />
Blanche Bay, New Britain; in ascidian<br />
Pontonia biunguiculata Paulson, 1875:111, pi. 15: fig. 1<br />
Red Sea<br />
= Conchodytes nipponensis<br />
Pontonia? brevirostris—See Platypontonia brevirostris<br />
Pontonia californiensis Rathbun, 1902:902<br />
Off Santa Cruz Island, California; 34°00'N,<br />
119°29'30"W;55m<br />
Pontonia chimaera Holthuis, 195la: 125, pi. 39<br />
West of El Cocal, Isla Pedro Gonzalez, Archipielago<br />
de las Perlas, Panama; subtidal, in mantle cavity of<br />
young bivalve mollusk, Strombus galeatus<br />
Pontonia custos Gue"rin-M6neville, 1832:366, pi. 37:<br />
fig. 1<br />
= Pontonia pinnophylax<br />
Pontonia (Harpilius) dentata Richters, 1880:165, pi. 17:<br />
figs. 36-38<br />
Hot Fouquets, Mauritius, Indian Ocean<br />
= HarpUiopsis beaupresu<br />
Pontonia Diazonae Joliet, 1882:118<br />
Mediterranean Sea; in ascidian<br />
= Pontonia flavomaculata<br />
Pontonia domestica Gibbes, 1850:196<br />
South Carolina<br />
Pontonia occidentalis<br />
Pontonia flavomaculata Heller, 1864:51<br />
Adriatic Sea<br />
Alciope heterochela<br />
Pontonia phallusiae<br />
Pontonia diazonae<br />
Pontonia grayi Rathbun, 1901:122<br />
San Juan, Puerto Rico<br />
= Pontonia mexicana<br />
Pontonia heterochelis Gue'rin-Me'neville, 1832:37 [cited<br />
as manuscript name]<br />
= Pontonia pinnophylax<br />
Pontonia hurti Holthuis, 1981:796, fig. 4<br />
Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands; from mantle cavity of<br />
bivalve mollusk, Spondylus<br />
Pontonia inflata H. Milne Edwards, 1840:633<br />
Sri Lanka and "Vanicoso" [= Vanikoro, Santa Cruz<br />
Islands]<br />
= Anchistus custos<br />
168. Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940b:55, figs. 21-23<br />
Off Shimoda, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan; in branchial<br />
cavity of ascidian, Halocynthia<br />
Pontonia longispina Holthuis, 195la: 128, pi. 40<br />
"Puerto Refugio," Isla Angel de la Guardia, Golfo de<br />
California; shore, rocky reef<br />
P[ontoniaJ macropthalma—See Coralliocaris
62<br />
macrophthalma<br />
Pontonia maculata Stimpson, 1860:38<br />
Bonin Islands, in bivalve mollusk, Tridacna<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Pontonia maldivensis—See Pontonides maldivensis<br />
Pontonia margarita Smith, 1869b:245<br />
Bay of Panama<br />
Coralliocaris Camerani<br />
Pontonia medipacifica Edmondson, 1935:6, fig. 2<br />
Midway Island; shallow water<br />
Pontonia mexicana GueYin-Mdneville, 1855:xix, pi. 2:<br />
fig. 12<br />
Atlantic coast of Mexico<br />
Pontonia grayi<br />
Pontonia minuta Baker, 1907:189, pi. 24: figs. 9-12<br />
South Australia<br />
Pontonia miserabUis Holthuis, 195la: 148, pi. 47d-i<br />
Off Vieques Island, Puerto Rico; 29 m, coral<br />
Pontonia monnioti Bruce, 1990a: 183, figs. 21-24,<br />
38e-h, 39i,j<br />
Chesterfield Islands; 24°46.6'S, 159°40.3'E; 285 m, in<br />
ascidian, Ascidia<br />
Pontonia occidentalis Gibbes, 1848; app; xvi [nomen<br />
nudum]<br />
= Pontonia domestica<br />
*169. Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922:261, figs. 89-92<br />
Off Cape Negrais, Burma; 15°2SV, 93°45 / E; 73-126<br />
m, in ascidian, Ascidia<br />
Pontonia parasitica P. Roux, 1831:26<br />
Peloponnesus, Greece; in bivalve moilusk, Pinna<br />
= Pontonia pinnophylax<br />
Pontonia phallusiae Marion, 1879:226<br />
Marseille<br />
= Pontonia flavomaculata<br />
Pontonia pinnae Lockington, 1878:163<br />
Bahia de Los Angeles, Bahia de Mulege, and Isla San<br />
Jose, Gulf of California<br />
Pontonia pinnae Ortmann, 1894:16, pi. 1: fig. 3 [not<br />
Pontonia pinnae Lockington, 1878]<br />
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; in bivalve mollusk, Pinna<br />
- Anchistus custos<br />
Pontonia pinnophylax (Otto, 1821)<br />
Palaemon pinnophylax Otto, 1821:12<br />
Naples, in bivalve mollusk, Pinna<br />
Pontonia par asitica<br />
Pontonia custos Gue'rin-Me'neville<br />
Pontonia heterochelis Gu6rin-M€neville<br />
Pontonia pulsatrix Nardo, 1847:5, 6, 35<br />
Gulf of Venice<br />
= Typton spongicola<br />
Pontoniapusilla Holthuis, 195la: 142, pi. 45<br />
Isla Salango, Ecuador, 6 m<br />
Pontonia quadratophthalma—See Onycocaris<br />
quadratophthalma<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Pontonia quasipusilla Chace, 1972b:41, fig. 10<br />
Charlotte Point, Enflish Harbour, Antigua, Leeward<br />
Islands<br />
170. Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972c: 182, fig. 1<br />
Curtis Channel, Port Curtis, Queensland, Australia; in<br />
ascidian, Styela whiteleggei<br />
Pontonia simplex Holthuis, 195la: 135, pi. 42<br />
Bahia Tenacatita, Estado de Jalisco, Mexico; lagoon,<br />
in bivalve mollusks, Pinna<br />
Pontonia spighti Fujino, 1972:293, figs. 1-3<br />
"Playa del Coco," Costa Rica; sublittoral, in ascidian,<br />
Rhopalaea<br />
171. Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 169, figs. 82-84<br />
Between Pulau Misool and New Guinea; 1°42.5S,<br />
130°47.5W;32m<br />
Pontonia unidens Kingsley, 1880:422, pi. 14: fig. 9<br />
Species inquirenda<br />
Pontonia Vagans Gourret, 1888:39<br />
Golfe de Marseille between Tie de Tiboulen and Port<br />
de Mejean; 64 m<br />
?= Typton spongicola<br />
*PON<strong>TO</strong>NIDES Borradaile, 1917:387<br />
Type species: Pontonia maldivensis<br />
Pontonides maldivensis (Borradaile, 1915)<br />
Pontonia maldivensis Borradaile, 1915:213<br />
Fadiffolu Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
Pontonides sympathes De Ridder and Holthuis,<br />
1979:101, figs. 1-3<br />
Punta Pitt, northeast coast of Isla San Cristobal,<br />
Galapagos Islands; 8 m, on antipatharian Antipathes<br />
galapagensis<br />
Pontonides unciger Caiman, 1939:213, figs. 6, 7<br />
Southern Red Sea; 13°31'N, 42°31'E; 55 m<br />
PON<strong>TO</strong>NIOPSIS Borradaile, 1915:207<br />
Type species: Pontoniopsis comanthi<br />
172. Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915:213<br />
Torres Strait, on crinoid, Comanthus<br />
Pontoniopsis paulae Gore, 1981:139, fig. 1<br />
Carysfort Reef, off Key Largo, Monroe County,<br />
Florida; 25°10.30'N, 80° 12.82'W; 62.5 m, on<br />
ventral surface of echinoid, Meoma ventricosa<br />
PROPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1969c: 141<br />
Type species: Propontonia pellucida<br />
Propontonia pellucida Bruce, 1969c: 142, figs. 1-5<br />
Remire Reef, Amirante Isles, Seychelles; 5°04'S,<br />
53°22'E; 1.5 m, on alcyonarian Sarcophyton<br />
crassicaule<br />
PSEUDOCOUTIEREA Holthuis, 195la: 11, 182<br />
Type species: Pseudocoutierea elegans<br />
Pseudocoutierea antillensis Chace, 1972b:43, fig. 11<br />
Saba Bank, Leeward Islands; 17°28TSf, 63°13^; 13 m<br />
Pseudocoutierea conchae Criales, 1981:174, fig. 1<br />
1 l°18 / N,74°10'W; 15 m, on alcyonarian, Leptogorgia<br />
Pseudocoutierea edentata Criales, 1981:168, figs. 2-5
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 63<br />
Bahia Concha, Colombia; 1 \°1%*N, 74°lO'W; 18 m<br />
Pseudocoutierea elegans Holthuis, 195la: 182, pi. 55<br />
0.5 mile [0.8 km] east of Long Point, Santa Catalina<br />
Island, southern California: 82-91 m<br />
PSEUDOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIDES Heard, 1986:479<br />
Type species: Neopontonides principis<br />
Pseudopontonides principis (Criales, 1980)<br />
Neopontonides principis Criales, 1980:75, figs.<br />
25-29<br />
Awa di Oostpunt, Curac.ao; 18 m<br />
STEGOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Nobili, 1906a:258<br />
Type species: Stegopontonia commensalis<br />
Stegopontonia commensalis Nobili, 1906a:258<br />
Lagoon at Hao, TUamotu Archipelago; commensal<br />
with echinoid, Echinothrix<br />
TEC<strong>TO</strong>PON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1973c: 169<br />
Type species: Tectopontonia maziwiae<br />
Tectopontonia maziwiae Bruce, 1973c: 172, figs. 1-4<br />
Maziwi Island, off Pangani, Tanzania; 5°3O.O'S,<br />
39°04.1 'E; 4 m, on coral, Acropora<br />
*THAUMAS<strong>TO</strong>CARIS Kemp, 1922:244<br />
Type species: Thaumastocaris streptopus<br />
*173. Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922:244, figs.<br />
78-80<br />
Noumea, New Caledonia<br />
TRIDACNOCARIS Nobili, 1899:235<br />
Replacement name for ANCHISTUS<br />
TULEARIOCARIS Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1965:247<br />
Type species: Tuleariocaris holthuisi<br />
Tuleariocaris holthuisi Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1965:248,<br />
pis. 1-5<br />
Tul6ar, Madagascar; on echinoids, Echinometra and<br />
Stomopneustes<br />
Tueariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969:266, figs. 10, 11<br />
Bellairs Research Institute of McGill University, St.<br />
James, Barbados; on echinoid, Diadema<br />
Tuleariocaris zanzibarica Bruce, 1967a:33, figs. 13-18<br />
Mtoni, Zanzibar; low tide, on echinoid, Astropyga<br />
TYP<strong>TO</strong>N O.G. Costa, 1844:288<br />
Type species: Typton spongicola<br />
PON<strong>TO</strong>NELLA<br />
Typton anomalus (Bruce, 1979)<br />
Onycocaris anomala Bruce, 1979b:69, figs. 1-4<br />
Between North and South Shell Islands, Darwin,<br />
Northern Australia; 6-13 m<br />
Typton australis Bruce, 1973d:254, figs. 1-4<br />
Great Barrier Reef, Australia<br />
Typton bawii Bruce, 1972d:243, figs. 1-5<br />
South of Bawi Island, Zanzibar, 6°9.7'S, 39°8.3'E;<br />
18-25 m, in sponge<br />
Typton Bouvieri—See Periclimenaeus bouvieri<br />
Typton carneus Holthuis, 195la: 162, pi. 51: figs. a,e,k,l<br />
Dry Tortugas, Florida<br />
Typton crosslandi Bruce, 1978c:294, figs. 1-3<br />
Off Isla Onslow, near Isla Santa Maria, Galapagos<br />
Islands; 7 m<br />
Typton dentatus Fujino and Miyake, 1969c:80, figs. 1,2<br />
"Ukachi," Yoron-jima, Ryukyu Islands; from sponge<br />
Typton dimorphus Bruce, 1986f:278, figs. 1-4<br />
Ashmore Reef, Timor Sea; 12°15'S, 123°E; 5 m<br />
Typton distinctus Chace, 1972b:49, figs. 13, 14<br />
Los Arroyos, Provincia de Pinar del Rio, Cuba<br />
Typton gnathophylloides Holthuis, 195la: 159, pi. 50<br />
Dry Tortugas, Florida; 82 m<br />
Typton hephaestus Holthuis, 195la: 159, pi. 49: figs,<br />
o-p<br />
Southern Gulf of California; 24°12'N, 109°55'W;<br />
18m<br />
Typton nanus Bruce, 1987d:49, figs. 1-5<br />
Australian North-West Shelf; 16°34'S, 121°27'E;<br />
40-46m<br />
Typton prionurus Holthuis, 1951a:165, pi. 52<br />
Dry Tortugas, Florida; 18 m<br />
Typton serratus Holthuis, 195la: 167, pi. 53<br />
Tagus Cove, Isla Isabella, Galapagos Islands; in red<br />
sponge<br />
Typton spongicola O.G. Costa, 1844:289<br />
Naples<br />
Pontonia pulsatrix<br />
Pontonella glabra<br />
Typton spongiosus<br />
IPontonia Vagans<br />
Typton spongiosus Bate, 1868b: 119, pi. 11: fig. 1<br />
British<br />
= Typton spongicola<br />
Typton tortugae McClendon, 1911:57, pi. 1: fig. 2<br />
Dry Tortugas, Florida<br />
Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 195la: 157, pi. 1: figs, a-n<br />
South of Dry Tortugas, Florida<br />
Typton wasini Bruce, 1977d:272, figs. 1-6<br />
Wasini Island Channel, Kenya; 4°39.4'S, 39°22.2'E;<br />
11 m, in sponge, Reniera<br />
UROCARIS Stimpson, 1860:39<br />
Type species: Urocaris longicaudata<br />
= PERICLIMENES<br />
Urocaris de Mani Balss, 1816:29, fig. 10<br />
Sette Cama, Gabon<br />
= Periclimenes scriptus<br />
Urocaris indica—See Periclimenes indicus<br />
Urocaris infraspinis—See Periclimenes infraspinis<br />
Urocaris longicaudatus—See Periclimenes longicaudatus<br />
Urocaris longipes—See Periclimenes longipes<br />
Urocaris psamathe—See Periclimenes psamathe<br />
VELERONIA Holthuis, 195la: 11, 195<br />
Type species: Veleronia serratifrons<br />
Veleronia laevifrons Holthuis, 195la: 199, pi. 63:<br />
figs, f-m
64<br />
Bahia de Gardner, Isla Espanola, Galapagos Islands;<br />
7m<br />
Veleronia serratifrons Holthuis, 195 la: 196, pis. 62, 63:<br />
figs, a-e<br />
La Libertad, Ecuador, 7 m<br />
VELERONIOPSIS Gore, 1981:145<br />
Type species: Veleroniopsis kimallynae<br />
Veleroniopsis kimallynae Gore, 1981:147, fig. 2<br />
Elbow Reef, off Key Largo, Monroe County, Florida;<br />
25°O7.7O / N, 80° 15.9CW; 18.3 m, from relict coral,<br />
Montastraea<br />
VIR Holthuis, 1952c:4, 6, 29<br />
Type species: Palaemonella orientalis<br />
174. Vir orientalis (Dana, 1852)<br />
Palaemonella orientalis Dana, 1852a:26<br />
Sulu Sea<br />
Key to Genera of Pontoniinae<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
175. Vir philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:87, figs.<br />
1-4<br />
Cebu, Philippines; associated with scleractinian coral,<br />
Plerogyra sinuosa<br />
WALDOLA Holthuis, 195la: 11, 185<br />
Type species: Waldola schmitti<br />
Waldola schmitti Holthuis, 195 la: 186, pis. 58, 59:<br />
figs, a-f<br />
Isla Isabela, Nayarit, Mexico; 18-46 m<br />
ZENOPON<strong>TO</strong>NIA Bruce, 1975d:275<br />
Type species: Periclimenes (Periclimenes) noverca<br />
Zenopontonia noverca (Kemp, 1922)<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) noverca Kemp,<br />
1922:162, figs. 28-30<br />
New Caledonia<br />
1. Third maxilliped bearing exopod (reduced in Metapontonia, vestigial in Balssia and<br />
Tectopontonia) 2<br />
Third maxilliped without exopod 54<br />
2. Carapace bearing hepatic spine (nearly postorbital in Tuleariocaris, minute in adult<br />
Paranchistus armatus) 3<br />
Carapace without hepatic spine 14<br />
3. Hepatic spine movable 4<br />
Hepatic spine immovable 7<br />
4. Rostrum dentate throughout length of dorsal margin 5<br />
Rostrum unarmed on posterior '/2 of dorsal margin 6<br />
5. Rostrum armed with ventral tooth; protopod of uropod distolaterally blunt<br />
Allopontonia<br />
(Kenya, Zanzibar, Great Barrier Reef<br />
of Australia, and Gulf of California)<br />
Rostrum unarmed ventrally; protopod of uropod distolaterally acute<br />
Zenopontonia<br />
(Zanzibar, Madagascar, Queensland,Australia,<br />
and New Caledonia; on oreasterid asteroids)<br />
6. Rostrum unarmed anterodorsally, telson with dorsolateral spines robust; associated<br />
with ascidians *Dasella<br />
Rostrum feebly to moderately armed anterodorsally; telson with dorsolateral spines<br />
slender, associated with mollusks Paranchistus<br />
7. Lateral rostral carina forming broad supraocular eave 8<br />
Lateral rostral carina not forming broad supraocular eave 9<br />
8. Rostrum unarmed dorsally and ventrally; supraocular eave dentate; epistome<br />
bearing large paired submedian horn-like processes; 3rd pereopod composed of 7<br />
segments, merus and ischium not fused Parapontonia<br />
(Great Barrier Reef of Australia and New<br />
Caledonia; associated with crinoids)<br />
Rostrum dentate dorsally; supraocular eave not dentate; epistome not bearing<br />
horn-like processes; 3rd pereopod composed of 6 segments, merus and ischium<br />
indistinguishably fused Tuleariocaris<br />
(Western Indian Ocean, Hawaii, and West<br />
Indies; associated with echinoids)
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 65<br />
9. Rostrum elongate, subequal to carapace length, dorsal teeth obsolescent; cornea of<br />
eye ogival Carinopontonia<br />
(Northwest Shelf of Australia; 83 m)<br />
Rostrum generally shorter than carapace length, dorsally dentate; cornea generally<br />
globular (except occasionally in Periclimenes 10<br />
10. Second pereopods very dissimilar, 3rd pereopod with conspicuous, hoof-shaped<br />
protuberance on dactyl *Jocaste<br />
Second pereopods similar, even if unequal; 3rd pereopod without protuberance on<br />
dactyl unless concealed by flexion into propodal slot 11<br />
11. Carapace either strongly depressed or with sinuous, lobate, or grossly dentate dorsal<br />
profile, especially in males 12<br />
Carapace somewhat compressed laterally, dorsal profile not very uneven ... 13<br />
12. Rostrum unarmed ventrally; carapace not unusually depressed, dorsal profile<br />
sinuous, lobate, or dentate, especially in males; 3rd pereopod with dactyl neither<br />
twisted nor with carinate margins Dasycaris<br />
Rostrum dentate ventrally; carapace strongly depressed, faintly convex in dorsal<br />
profile; 3rd pereopod with dactyl twisted, with more or less carinate margins<br />
*Harpiliopsis<br />
13. Fifth abdominal somite with pleura sharp-pointed; mandible with palp<br />
*Palaemonella<br />
Fifth abdominal somite usually with pleura not sharp-pointed; mandible without<br />
palp *Periclimenes<br />
14. Body strongly compressed; lateral branch of uropod without marginal distolateral<br />
tooth but with large, laterally curved spine at diaeresis Ischnopontonia<br />
Body not strongly compressed; lateral branch of uropod with marginal distolateral<br />
tooth, without hook-like spine at diaeresis 15<br />
15. Lateral branch of uropod armed laterally with 5 or 6 strong, curved, hook-like teeth<br />
Anapontonia<br />
Lateral branch of uropod without series of hook-like teeth 16<br />
16. Lateral branch of uropod with fixed tooth 17<br />
Lateral branch of uropod usually armed only with mobile spines or unarmed . . .<br />
42<br />
17. Third pereopod with hollowed, hoof-shaped protuberance on dactyl<br />
*Coralliocaris<br />
Third pereopod without hoof-shaped protuberance on dactyl 18<br />
18. Lateral carina of rostrum expanded into broad supraorbital or postorbital eave<br />
19<br />
Rostrum not broadly expanded into supraorbital or post-orbital eave 22<br />
19. Rostrum dentate dorsally, supraorbital eave armed with 1 or 2 anterior teeth . 20<br />
Rostrum not dentate in dorsal midline, supraorbital eave unarmed 21<br />
20. Carapace unarmed in dorsal midline; abdomen with pleura of 5th somite rounded;<br />
3rd maxilliped with well-developed exopod Araiopontonia<br />
(Ryukyu Islands, Great Barrier Reef of<br />
Australia, and Marshall Islands)<br />
Carapace armed with 3 large teeth in dorsal midline; abdomen with pleura of 5th<br />
somite sharp-pointed; 3rd maxilliped with exopod vestigial Balssia<br />
(Mediterranean Sea and Guinea; 45-70 m,<br />
associated with Precious Coral)<br />
21. Body robust, squat, strongly depressed; 2nd pereopods subequal, strongly<br />
compressed Notopontonia<br />
(South Australia; 80 m)<br />
Body elongate, subcylindrical; 2nd pereopods markedly unequal, subcylindrical<br />
Stegopontonia<br />
(Kenya and Zanzibar to Tuamotu Archipelago;<br />
associated with echinoids)
66 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
22. Carapace bearing antennal spine 23<br />
Carapace without antennal spine 41<br />
23. Antennal scale rudimentary Typton<br />
(Kenya, Zanzibar, La Reunion, Ryukyu Islands,<br />
Australia, Galapagos Islands, Gulf of California,<br />
western tropical Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea;<br />
associated with sponges)<br />
Antennal scale moderately to well developed 24<br />
24. Rostrum dorsally dentate in male, non-dentate in female; 2nd to 5th pereopods with<br />
distinct ventrolateral flange on merus Altopontonia<br />
(New Caledonia; 350-525 m)<br />
Rostrum similar in male and female; 2nd to 5th pereopods without conspicuous<br />
ventrolateral flange on merus 25<br />
25. Rostrum dorsally dentate 26<br />
Rostrum unarmed dorsally 39<br />
26. First pereopod with carpus subdivided *Thaumastocaris<br />
First pereopods with carpus entire, not subdivided 27<br />
27. Third pereopod with dactyl long, slender, and simple, unlike short, stout, and<br />
biunguiculate dactyls of 4th and 5th pereopods Onycocaridites<br />
(Arafura Sea; 60 m, in sponge)<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl not very different from those of 4th and 5th pereopods<br />
28<br />
28. Orbit with strong marginal spine at midlength of ventral margin . . Epipontonia<br />
(Kenya and Australia; 12-18 m,<br />
associated with sponges)<br />
Orbit unarmed on ventral margin except occasionally at suborbital angle ... 29<br />
29. Telson with 4 pairs of dorsolateral spines Plesiopontonia<br />
Telson with 2 or 3 pairs of dorsolateral spines 30<br />
30. Second pereopods dissimilar 31<br />
Second pereopods similar, not necessarily equal 35<br />
31. Major chela with molar-like tooth on movable finger opposite socket in fixed finger<br />
*Periclimenaeus<br />
Major chela without molar-like tooth on movable finger or socket in fixed finger<br />
32<br />
32. Telson with both pairs of dorsolateral spines arising in anterior '/2 of length;<br />
antennal scale overreaching antennal peduncle by little, if at all; mandible with<br />
incisor process acuminate or bifid 33<br />
Telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising in posterior '/2 of length;<br />
antennal scale far overreaching antennal peduncle; mandible with incisor process<br />
truncate, distal margin dentate 34<br />
33. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth large, far overreaching distal margin of blade;<br />
mandible with incisor process acuminate; 2nd maxilla with endite much reduced;<br />
minor 2nd chela with movable finger swollen, overreaching fixed finger, 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate Exopontonia<br />
(Timor Sea; intertidal)<br />
Antennal scale with distolateral tooth small, not overreaching distal margin of blade<br />
by much, if at all; mandible with incisor process bifid; 2nd maxilla with endite<br />
elongate, bifid; minor 2nd chela with movable finger acuminate, not overreaching<br />
fixed finger by much; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple .... Periclimenoides<br />
(Hong Kong, southern Japan, Australia; 15 m)<br />
34. Major 2nd chela with movable finger unarmed, distinctly overreaching fixed finger,<br />
minor 2nd chela with fingers not densely tuberculate on most of lengths of<br />
opposable margins Hamiger<br />
(Off North Cape, New Zealand; 128 meters)
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 67<br />
Major 2nd chela with movable finger armed with subtriangular tooth on opposable<br />
margin, not distinctly overreaching fixed finger, minor 2nd chela with fingers<br />
densely tuberculate on opposable margins Orthopontonia<br />
(Tanzania and Great Barrier Reef, Australia;<br />
associated with sponge Jaspis)<br />
35. Rostrum unarmed ventrally Pliopontonia<br />
Rostrum with 1 or more ventral teeth, sometimes very small 36<br />
36. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade<br />
Vir<br />
Antennal scale with distolateral tooth reaching to or beyond level of distal margin<br />
of blade 37<br />
37. Third pereopod with dactyl armed with series of sharp teeth on flexor margin<br />
Diapontonia<br />
(Bahamas, western Atlantic; 244-309 meters,<br />
associated with echinoid)<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl simple, flexor margin unarmed 38<br />
38. Mandible with small palp Eupontonia<br />
(Seychelle Islands; reef flat)<br />
Mandible without palp *PhUarius<br />
39. Second pereopods similar though unequal, chelae strongly compressed, borne in<br />
vertical plane with movable finger ventrad Isopontonia<br />
(Chesterfield Islands; 15 m)<br />
Second pereopods dissimilar and unequal, chelae subcylindrical, not strongly<br />
compressed, borne in horizontal plane with movable finger laterad 40<br />
40. Rostrum not T-shaped, lateral carina feebly developed; eyes small, slender, in<br />
obsolescent orbits; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl multidentate<br />
Amphipontonia<br />
(New Caledonia; 300 m, associated with<br />
antipatharians and/or ascidians)<br />
Rostrum T-shaped in section, with broad lateral carina; eyes large, in deep orbits;<br />
3rd pereopod with dactyl simply biunguiculate Pontoniopsis<br />
41. First pereopod with fingers narrowly spatulate, about as long as palm; 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers not spatulate, palm more than 1V2 times as long as deep; 3rd pereopod<br />
with dactyl subconical and feebly armed Onycocaridella<br />
First pereopod with fingers not spatulate, less than '/2 as long as palm; 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers subspatulate, palm less than 1 '/2 times as long as deep; 3rd pereopod<br />
with dactyl strongly compressed and elaborately denticulate .... Onycocaris<br />
42. Lateral branch of uropod with several movable spines at diaeresis 43<br />
Lateral branch of uropod with single lateral movable spine 44<br />
43. Second pereopods similar and subequal, without molar process or opposing socket<br />
on fingers Apopontonia<br />
(Madagascar, Australia, New Caledonia)<br />
Second pereopods subequal but dissimilar, major chela with molar process on fixed<br />
finger opposing socket on dactyl Paraclimenaeus<br />
(Tanzania and Seychelle and Maldive islands;<br />
36-91 m, associated with sponges)<br />
44. Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended eyes 45<br />
Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended eyes 50<br />
45. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth far overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd<br />
pereopod with large, compressed, angulate protuberance on flexor margin of<br />
dactyl 46<br />
Antennal scale with distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd<br />
pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl slightly convex, at most spinose, in<br />
proximal x li of length 47
68 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
46. Third maxillipeds operculiform with distal and penultimate segments reduced<br />
Chernocaris<br />
Third maxillipeds conventional, distal segments not unusually reduced<br />
*Conchodytes<br />
47. Telson curving ventrad posteriorly, posterior margin without movable spines,<br />
deeply incised and forming pair of fixed teeth separated by U-shaped sinus<br />
Hamopontonia<br />
Telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin bearing movable spines, not incised<br />
48<br />
48. Rostrum laterally compressed *Anchistus<br />
Rostrum usually dorsoventrally compressed 49<br />
49. Anterior margin of carapace nearly vertical, not produced anteriorly; 3rd pereopod<br />
with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate Neoanchistus<br />
(Madagascar, Oman; associated with bivalve mollusks)<br />
Anterior margin of carapace produced moderately or strongly anteriorly as rounded<br />
branchiostegal or pterygostomian lobe; 3rd pereopod biunguiculate, subdistal<br />
tooth sometimes distalmost spine of series on flexor margin of dactyl<br />
*Pontonia<br />
50. Rostrum armed dorsally with 1 or more teeth 51<br />
Rostrum dorsally unarmed, flattened 53<br />
51. Rostrum with single subrectangular dorsal tooth at base Metapontonia<br />
(Western Indian Ocean and Ryukyu Islands;<br />
associated with fungiid corals)<br />
Rostrum armed dorsally with 3-6 teeth 52<br />
52. Carapace with several small suborbital spines; 3rd maxilliped with well-developed<br />
exopod; 2nd pereopod with chela longer than carpus, movable finger small but<br />
normal; telson with posterior spines straight Fennera<br />
(Kenya, Seychelles, La Reunion, Maldives, Sri<br />
Lanka, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, Hawaii,<br />
Galapagos, and Pacific coast of America from<br />
Mexico to Colombia; associated with stony corals)<br />
Carapace with large postorbital spine; 3rd maxilliped with rudimentary exopod; 2nd<br />
pereopod with chela shorter than carpus, movable finger semispherical; telson<br />
with median and submedian posterior spines curved ventrad<br />
Tectopontonia<br />
(Tanzania; associated with coral Acropora)<br />
53. Carapace without antennal spine; telson with dorsal spines slender . . . Platycaris<br />
Carapace with prominent antennal spine; telson with dorsal spines robust<br />
Platypontonia<br />
54. Frontal margin formed by transverse or convex anterior margins of supraorbital<br />
eaves; if transverse, margin armed with about dozen sharp teeth, median one<br />
enlarged to form rostrum-like spike; if convex, margin unarmed, not bearing<br />
rostral substitute 55<br />
Frontal margin not formed by supraorbital eaves 56<br />
55. Carapace having 2 large, blunt, compressed teeth in dorsal midline and postorbital<br />
tubercle laterally, orbit open posteriorly Chacella<br />
(Gulf of California; 30 meters,<br />
associated with antipatharian)<br />
Carapace without large middorsal prominences or postorbital tubercle, orbit closed<br />
posteriorly Veleronia<br />
(Ecuador and Galapagos Islands; 4-27 meters)<br />
56. Carapace bearing immovable hepatic or postorbital tooth or spine 57<br />
Carapace without hepatic or postorbital spine 64<br />
57. Rostrum dentate in dorsal midline 58
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 69<br />
Rostrum unarmed in dorsal midline 62<br />
58. Rostrum armed ventrally 59<br />
Rostrum unarmed ventrally 60<br />
59. Carapace bearing antennal spine Propontonia<br />
(Kenya, Zanzibar, Comoro Islands, Seychelles,<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia;<br />
associated with alcyonarians)<br />
Carapace without antennal spine Mesopontonia<br />
60. Carapace without antennal spine Waldola<br />
(Pacific coast of America<br />
from Mexico to Colombia)<br />
Carapace with antennal spine 61<br />
61. Second pereopods very unequal; 3rd pereopod with strong basal protuberance on<br />
dactyl Hamodactyloides<br />
(Red Sea, Kenya, Zanzibar, La Reunion, Ryukyu<br />
Islands, Great Barrier Reef of Australia;<br />
associated with hydroid Millepora)<br />
Second pereopods equal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl slender, without basal<br />
protuberance Hamodactylus<br />
62. Rostrum with lateral carina feebly expanded into unarmed supraorbital eave; 2nd<br />
pereopods subequal and similar, merus and ischium dentate on flexor margins<br />
Miopontonia<br />
(Off Western Australia; 40 m)<br />
Rostrum with lateral carina expanded into broad, anteriorly dentate supraorbital<br />
eave; 2nd pereopods unequal, similar or not, merus and ischium unarmed on flexor<br />
margins 63<br />
63. Carapace and abdomen distinctly sculptured, former with deep branchiostegal sinus<br />
anteroventrally; major 2nd pereopod without proximal tooth on flexor margin of<br />
movable finger Coutierea<br />
(West Indies; 148 or 165-172 m)<br />
Carapace and abdomen smooth, not sculptured, former without branchiostegal sinus<br />
anteroventrally; major 2nd pereopod with large proximal tooth on flexor margin of<br />
movable finger Lipkebe<br />
(Eastern Gulf of Mexico and off Brazil;<br />
119-150 m, associated with crinoids)<br />
64. Carapace bearing antennal spine 65<br />
Carapace without antennal spine 68<br />
65. Carapace with longitudinal branchiostegal suture; abdomen with pleuron of 5th<br />
somite sharply acute posteriorly Pseudocoutierea<br />
(Pacific America from southern California to<br />
Galapagos Islands, Leeward Islands, and<br />
Caribbean coast of Colombia; 13-91 m,<br />
associated with gorgonians)<br />
Carapace without branchiostegal suture; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite<br />
rounded 66<br />
66. Carapace with deep pterygostomian notch at anterolateral angle<br />
Pseudopontonides<br />
(Northern Gulf of Mexico and Netherlands Antilles;<br />
associated with antipatharians and alcyonarians)<br />
Carapace without notch at pterygostomian angle 67<br />
67. Rostrum distinctly overreaching anteriorly extended eyes, lateral carina not broadly<br />
expanded as supraorbital eave Neopontonides<br />
(Pacific America from Gulf of California<br />
to Ecuador, associated with gorgonians)
70<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended eyes little if at all, lateral carina broadly<br />
expanded into supraorbital eave *Pontonides<br />
68. Rostrum lacking; antennal scale small, without distolateral spine . . . Paratypton<br />
(Red Sea, Tanzania, Kenya, La Reunion, Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia, and Marshall, Fiji, and<br />
Samoa islands; forming cysts in acroporid corals)<br />
Rostrum present; antennal scale well developed, with disto-lateral spine .... 69<br />
69. Entire orbital margin spinose; lateral branch of uropod with movable spine mesial<br />
to fixed distal tooth Ctenopontonia<br />
(Marshall Islands; 5-15 m,<br />
on faviid coral Cyphastraea)<br />
Orbital margin not spinose; lateral branch of uropod without movable spine mesial<br />
to fixed distal tooth Veleroniopsis<br />
(Florida Keys; 18 meters,<br />
associated with relict stony coral)<br />
Anapontonia Bruce, 1966<br />
Anapontonia Bruce, 1966a:584, 595-597 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966a:596; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum barely overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, rostral formula 6-10 +<br />
5-10/0, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or<br />
postocular eave; carapace strongly compressed, dorsal profile<br />
convex and dentate on anterior l /2, variably concave and<br />
unarmed posteriorly, anterior margin partially produced as<br />
blunt lobe, partially deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal<br />
ridge parallel with ventral margin or longitudinal<br />
branchiostegal suture, unarmed except for acute suborbital<br />
angle, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with<br />
pleuron of 5th somite bluntly angulate, not sharp-pointed;<br />
telson not curved strongly ventrad, posterior margin not<br />
incised, posterior spines not curved ventrad, without dorsolateral<br />
spines; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes;<br />
antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine unusually<br />
robust and overreaching blade by most of length; mandible<br />
without palp; 3rd maxilliped with rigid exopod; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod with<br />
carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, not<br />
necessarily equal, chela much longer than carpus, not borne in<br />
vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided<br />
with socket and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not<br />
semicircular, palm more than 1 1 /2 times as long as high; 3rd<br />
pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not<br />
fused, dactyl unarmed on flexor margin, without hoof-shaped<br />
or triangular protuberances, merus unarmed on flexor margin;<br />
uropod with lateral branch bearing series of strong fixed teeth<br />
on distal '/2 of lateral margin; associated with oculinid corals of<br />
genus Galaxea.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar, Comoro Islands, Singapore, and Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia.<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species is known.<br />
56. Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966<br />
Anapontonia denticauda Bruce, 1966a:595-597 [type locality: Pange Reef,<br />
Zanzibar]; 1967a:3, figs. 1-4.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum carapace<br />
length 3.2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean, Singapore, and Queensland,<br />
Australia; living at base of columns of coral Galaxea in<br />
shallow water.<br />
*Anchistus Borradaile, 1898<br />
Anchistus Borradaile, 1898a:387 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Harpilius Miersi De Man, 1888a:274; gender: masculine].<br />
Tridacnocaris Nobili, 1899:235 [replacement name for Anchistus Borradaile,<br />
1898; gender: feminine].<br />
Marygrande Pesta, 1911:571 [type species, by monotypy: Marygrande<br />
mirabilis Pesta, 1911:571; gender: feminine].<br />
Ensiger Borradaile. 1915:207 [type species, designated by Borradaile,<br />
1917:376: Anchistia aurantiaca Dana, 1852a:25 (= Cancer custos Forskal,<br />
1775:94); gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, if armed dorsally, teeth confined to<br />
anterior '/2 of length, lateral carina not expanded into broad<br />
supraocular or postocular eave; carapace not compressed<br />
laterally, dorsal profile slightly convex, not dentate or lobate,<br />
anterior margin not partially produced as prominent rounded<br />
lobe, not partially deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal<br />
ridge parallel with ventral margin or longitudinal branchiostegal<br />
suture, with or without antennal spine, otherwise<br />
completely unarmed, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly;<br />
abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded, not sharppointed;<br />
telson not curved ventrad, posterior margin not deeply<br />
incised, median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not<br />
curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines slender or minute, not<br />
robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes;<br />
antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not reaching<br />
as far as level of distal margin of blade; mandible without palp;
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 71<br />
3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not<br />
subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar but not necessarily equal,<br />
chela much longer than carpus, not borne in vertical plane,<br />
movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket<br />
and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular,<br />
palm more than IV2 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod<br />
composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl<br />
sometimes with flexor margin dentate, often with extensor<br />
surface densely microspinulate, sometimes biunguiculate, but<br />
never with massive hoof-shaped or triangular protuberance,<br />
merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch<br />
bearing single movable lateral spine without distinct fixed<br />
tooth; living in mantle cavity of bivalve mollusks.<br />
Key to Species of Anchistus<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Philippines and<br />
Indonesia and eastward through Pacific Ocean as far as<br />
Tuamotu Archipelago.<br />
REMARKS.—Inasmuch as Bruce has modified the composition<br />
of the genus since he presented a key to the species<br />
(1967b:567) by transferring Pontonia armata to the genus<br />
Paranchistus (1975e:49) and by adding two previously<br />
undescribed species (1977a:50,56), it may be desirable to offer<br />
below a revision of the earlier key. Marygrande mirabilis<br />
Pesta, 1911, which Kemp (1922:252) postulated to be based on<br />
two forms of Anchistus, is still a species inquirenda not<br />
included among the eight species in the key. Apparently only<br />
two of the species are thus far known from the area covered in<br />
this report.<br />
1. Carapace bearing distinct antennal spine 2<br />
Carapace without antennal spine 5<br />
2. Third pereopod with dactyl bearing accessory tooth on flexor margin<br />
*61. A. miersi<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl simple, without accessory tooth on flexor margin . . 3<br />
3. Rostrum apically acute, armed with 3 dorsal and 1 ventral teeth<br />
A. gravieri Kemp, 1922:252<br />
Great Barrier Reef, Australia (in bivalve<br />
mollusk Hippopus), New Caledonia,<br />
and Santa Cruz Islands, South Pacific<br />
Rostrum apically truncate or rounded 4<br />
4. Rostrum bearing about 6 faint marginal elevations anterodorsally and apically; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with antepenultimate segment twice as wide as penultimate segment<br />
58. A. custoides<br />
Rostrum armed with 3 distinct teeth on truncate apical margin; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
antepenultimate segment little, if any, wider than penultimate segment<br />
A. pectinis Kemp, 1925:327<br />
(Zanzibar, Nicobar Islands, Japan, Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia, and New<br />
Caledonia; in bivalve mollusk Pecten)<br />
5. Rostrum unarmed; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about twice as wide<br />
as penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with chela unusually curled to form open<br />
tube; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 59. A. custos<br />
Rostrum armed with 2 to 5 anterodorsal teeth; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate<br />
segment little wider than penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with chela normal,<br />
not curled; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 6<br />
6. Rostrum apically acute, armed with 4 or 5 anterodorsal and 1 ventral teeth<br />
57. A. australis<br />
Rostrum apically truncate, armed with 2 anterodorsal teeth 60. A. demani<br />
57. Anchistus australis Bruce, 1977<br />
Anchistus australis, forma typica Bruce, 1977a:56, figs. 7-9 [type locality:<br />
Capre Cay, Swain Reefs, Great Barrier Reef, Australia; in Tridacna derasa].<br />
Anchistus australis.—Bruce, 1983c:892, fig. 10A.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically acute, rostral formula 4-5/1;<br />
carapace without antennal spine below ventral orbital angle;<br />
3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment little wider than<br />
penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with chela normal, not<br />
cannulate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 6 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, Marshall<br />
Islands, New Caledonia, and Fiji Islands; living in<br />
Tridacna derasa.
72<br />
58. Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977<br />
Anchistus custoides Bruce, 1977*50, figs. 4-6 [type locality: N.W. end Gillett<br />
Cay (Swain Reefs), Queensland, Australia; 21°43'S, 152°25'E; from Atrina<br />
vexillum. not "West Cay, Diamond Islets," as erroneously cited in Bruce<br />
(1977a:55)]; 1983c:892.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically rounded, bearing 4-6 minute<br />
and obscure teeth on dorsal and anterior margins, unarmed<br />
ventrally; carapace with distinct antennal spine below ventral<br />
orbital angle; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment<br />
about twice as wide as penultimate segment; 1st pereopod with<br />
chela normal, not cannulate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple,<br />
not biunguiculate; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
9 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Palau Islands, Indonesia, and Great Barrier Reef of<br />
Australia; associated with bivalves, Atrina and Pteria.<br />
59. Anchistus custos (Forskal, 1775)<br />
Cancer custos Forskal, 1775: xxi, 94 [type locality; Al Luhayyah, Yemen].<br />
Pontonia inflata H. Milne Edwards, 1840:633 [type locality: Sri Lanka and<br />
"Vanicoso" (= Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Islands)].<br />
Anchistia aurantiaca Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Fiji Islands].<br />
Harpilius inermis Miers, 1884:291, pi. 32: fig. B [type locality; Port Molle,<br />
Queensland, Australia; from coral reef in Pinna].<br />
Pontonia pinnae Ortmann, 1894:16, pi. 1: fig. 3 [type locality: Dares Salaam,<br />
Tanzania; in Pinna; not Pontonia pinnae Lockington, 1894:163].<br />
Anchistus custos.—Holthuis, 1952b: 105.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically rounded, unarmed; carapace<br />
without antennal spine; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate<br />
segment about twice as wide as penultimate segment; 1st<br />
pereopod with chela unusually curled to form open tube; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 9 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Philippines,<br />
southward to South Australia, and eastward to the Caroline and<br />
Fiji islands; living in bivalve mollusks of the genus Pinna.<br />
60. Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922<br />
Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922:256, figs. 86-88 [type locality: Aberdeen, Port<br />
Blair. Andaman Islands; from Tridacna at low tide].—Bruce, 1983c:892.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum apically truncate, armed with 2 or 3<br />
anterodorsal teeth, unarmed ventrally; carapace without antennal<br />
spine below ventral orbital angle; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
antepenultimate segment about twice as wide as penultimate<br />
segment; 1st pereopod with chela normal, palm non-cannulate;<br />
3rd pereopod with dactyl obscurely biunguiculate; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Andaman Islands,<br />
Malaya, Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, New<br />
Caledonia, and Marshall Islands; living in bivalve, Tridacna.<br />
<strong>•</strong>61. Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888)<br />
Harpilius Miersi De Man. 1888a:274. pi. 17: figs. 6-10 [type locality:<br />
Elpninstone Island. Mergui Archipelago. Burma].<br />
Anchistus miersi.—Holthuis. 1952c: 110. fig. 45.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually apically acute, rostral formula<br />
4-5/0-2; carapace with distinct antennal spine below<br />
ventral orbital angle; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate<br />
segment little wider than penultimate segment; 1st pereopod<br />
with chela normal, not cannulate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl<br />
biunguiculate; maximum postorbital carapace length at least 7<br />
mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Quinalasag Island, Masamat<br />
Bay, Luzon; [13°56'N, 123°38 / E]; 3 m; sand, coral; 12 Jun<br />
1909; dynamite: 1 male [3.2] 1 ovig female [5.5].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to the Philippines and<br />
eastward to the Gambier Islands, TUamotu Archipelago; in<br />
bivalve mollusks of genera Hippopus and Tridacna, possibly<br />
also Pinna and Meleagrina.<br />
Chernocaris Johnson, 1967<br />
Chernocaris Johnson, 1967:500 [type species, by monotypy: Chernocaris<br />
placunae Johnson, 1967:500; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching about as far as ends of<br />
anteriorly extended eyes, depressed, especially posteriorly,<br />
unarmed, lateral carina slightly expanded posteriorly but not<br />
forming discrete supraocular or postocular eave; carapace<br />
markedly depressed dorsoventrally, dorsal profile nearly<br />
straight or slightly concave, not dentate or lobate, anterior<br />
margin produced as convex lobe, inflected portion with<br />
posteriorly incomplete longitudinal ridge, completely unarmed,<br />
orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with<br />
pleuron of 5th somite broadly rounded; telson not curved<br />
ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and submedian<br />
pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines<br />
short, not especially robust; epistome not bearing paired,<br />
horn-like processes; antennal scale reasonably well developed,<br />
distolateral spine overreaching distal margin of blade; mandible<br />
without palp; 3rd maxilliped with endopod operculate and<br />
with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1st pereopods with fingers slender, not spatulate,<br />
carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods somewhat<br />
dissimilar and unequal, chelae not borne in vertical plane,<br />
movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket<br />
and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular,<br />
palm more than l'/2 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod<br />
composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl<br />
with large, compressed, biangular lobe proximal to sharp,<br />
recurved tooth on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor<br />
margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing single, minute,<br />
movable spine unaccompanied by fixed tooth; living in mantle<br />
cavity of bivalve mollusk, Placuna.<br />
RANGE.—Singapore and Arafura Sea.<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species is known.<br />
62. Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967<br />
Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1967:500, figs. 1-12 [type locality: Tfelok<br />
Paku. Singapore, in Placuna sella at low spring tide level].
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 73<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length 7.2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Singapore and Arafura Sea; living in mantle cavity<br />
of bivalve mollusk, Placuna occurring from low spring tide<br />
level to 27 meters.<br />
REMARKS.—The Arafura Sea specimens confirm that the<br />
proximal lobe on the flexor margin of the dactyl of the third<br />
pereopod of the species is compressed and not "hoof-like" as in<br />
Coralliocaris or Jocaste, as reported in the original description,<br />
and indicates a close relationship to Conchodytes.<br />
*Conchodytes Peters, 1852<br />
Conchodytes Peters, 1852:588,591 [type species, selected by Hilgendorf,<br />
1879:835: Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852:594; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, depressed, especially posteriorly, unarmed, lateral carina<br />
slightly expanded posteriorly but not forming discrete supraocular<br />
or postocular eave; carapace depressed dorsoventrally,<br />
dorsal profile slightly convex, not dentate or lobate, anterior<br />
margin partially produced as prominent rounded lobe, deeply<br />
concave (notched) dorsally thereto, without longitudinal ridge<br />
or suture, completely unarmed except for acute ventral orbital<br />
angle, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with<br />
pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not curved ventrad,<br />
posterior margin not incised, median and submedian pairs of<br />
posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines<br />
distinct; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes;<br />
antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine far overreaching<br />
distal margin of blade; mandible without palp; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with exopod, endopod not operculate; 4th thoracic<br />
sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod with<br />
fingers slender, not spatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided;<br />
2nd pereopods with chela not borne in vertical plane, movable<br />
finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket and<br />
plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular, palm<br />
more than 1 '/2 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed of<br />
7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl with large,<br />
compressed lobe proximally on flexor margin, merus unarmed<br />
on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing single,<br />
minute, movable spine unaccompanied by fixed tooth; living in<br />
mantle cavity of bivalve mollusks.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and Madagascar to Japan, Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, Australia, and eastward to Hawaii and Tuamotu<br />
Archipelago.<br />
REMARKS.—A key to the species of Conchodytes may be<br />
found in Bruce (1989b).<br />
63. Conchodytes kempi Bruce, 1989<br />
Conchodytes biunguiculatus.—Kemp, 1922:280, fig. 103.—Holthuis,<br />
1952c: 199 [not Pontonia biunguiculata Paulson, 1875].<br />
Conchodytes kempi Bruce, 1989b: 183, fig. 3b-e [type locality: Andaman<br />
Islands].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral and 3 pairs<br />
of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus and merus<br />
subequal in length; 3rd pereopod with dactyl armed with 2<br />
strong, divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process well developed<br />
with small marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length 9.2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia,<br />
and Marshall Islands; in bivalve mollusks.<br />
REMARKS.—The occurrence of this species in the Philippines<br />
must be considered tentative for the time being, because<br />
of the small size, the somewhat different dactyls of the<br />
ambulatory pereopods, and the unusual host (Isognomon) of the<br />
pair of specimens recorded by Bruce (1989b) from Cebu, the<br />
type material having been found in association with Pinna.<br />
*64. Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989<br />
FIGURE 18<br />
Conchodytes maculatus Bruce, 1989a; 182, figs. 1-6 [type locality: West of<br />
Cape Leveque, Western Australia: 40 m, in pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral and 3 pairs<br />
of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus slightly longer<br />
than or subequal to merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl armed<br />
with 2 strong, divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process poorly<br />
developed, usually sinuous in outline, without marginal tooth;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length 10.3 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Pakiputan Strait, off Davao,<br />
Mindanao; [7°07'N, 125°40'E]; 18 May 1908; from pearl<br />
oysters: 25 males [6.3-9.8] 24 females [6.8-10.2], 23 ovig<br />
[6.8-10.2].—Jolo, Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago; [6°00TSl,<br />
121°00'E]; 11 Feb 1908; from pearl oysters: 9 males [6.8-8.9]<br />
6 ovig females [7.8—10.3].<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality on the<br />
Australian Northwest Shelf and the two Philippine localities<br />
cited above; to a depth of 40 meters, in pearl oysters.<br />
REMARKS.—This series of 64 specimens was originally<br />
identified tentatively as C. meleagrinae in disagreement with<br />
the conclusion by Bruce (1977a:73) that that species can<br />
always be distinguished from the closely related C. tridacnae<br />
by the fact that the carpus of the first pereopod is always<br />
distinctly shorter than the merus in the former species. In the<br />
Albatross series, the carpus-merus ratio varies from 0.91 to<br />
1.18, with an average of 1.02. Most of the specimens in that<br />
series agree well with the description of C. maculatus in having<br />
the movable fingers of the second pereopods strongly carinate<br />
on the extensor margin and the basal protuberance on the<br />
dactyls of the ambulatory pereopods smoothly sinuous, but a<br />
few specimens have the movable fingers of the second<br />
pereopods less strongly carinate and the flexor margins of the<br />
ambulatory dactyls partially obscurely truncate (Figure 18/)<br />
rather than smoothly sinuous over the entire proximal part of<br />
the segment.
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
FIGURE 18.—Conchodytes maculatus, male from pearl oyster, Pakiputan Strait, Mindanao, carapace length 8.4<br />
mm: a, dorsal aspect; b, telson, dorsal aspect; c, right antennule, dorsal aspect; d, right antenna, ventral aspect; e,<br />
right 3rd maxilliped;/, right 1st pereopod; g. right (major) chela, fingers, extensor-dorsolateral aspect; h, left<br />
(minor) chela, fingers, extensor-dorsolateral aspect; i, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl; j, right appendix masculina and<br />
appendix interna.<br />
65. Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852<br />
Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852:594 [type locality; Ibo, Cabo Delgado,<br />
eastern Africa].—Bruce, 1972e:225 [color photo]; 1973e:139; 1977a:73, fig.<br />
14CJD.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral and 3 pairs<br />
of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus distinctly shorter<br />
than merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl armed with 2 strong,<br />
divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process well developed but<br />
without marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
at least 10 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Hawaii; usually in<br />
pearl oysters of the genus Pinctada. Although there seem to be<br />
no Philippine or Indonesian records of this species by those<br />
who consider it distinct from C. tridacnae, it almost certainly<br />
occurs in both areas.<br />
REMARKS.—In regard to the validity of the species, Bruce<br />
(1973e: 139) noted that C. meleagrinae is "Closely similar to C.<br />
tridacnae but generally smaller and with the carpus of the first<br />
pereiopod definitely much shorter than the merus and he added<br />
(1974d:201) that that proportion is "a character which appears<br />
to be quite reliable in separating C. tridacnae from the closely<br />
related C. meleagrinae," and (1977a:73) that "the relative<br />
lengths of these two segments appears to be the easiest way of<br />
distinguishing between these two species."
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 75<br />
FIGURE 19.—Conchodytes nipponensis, male from Tilik, Lubang Island, carapace length 7.0 mm: a, anterior<br />
carapace and appendages, dorsal aspect; b, tail fan; c, distolateral angle of lateral branch of left uropod; d, right<br />
antennule, dorsal aspect; e, right antenna, ventral aspect;/, right 3rd rnaxilliped; g, right 1st pereopod; h, left 2nd<br />
pereopod, extensor aspect; i, right 3rd pereopod, dactyl; j, right appendix masculina and appendix interna.<br />
66. Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952<br />
Conchodytes monodactylus Holthuis, 1952c:200, figs. 96-98 [type locality; the<br />
type series came from two localities: Kaohsiung, Taiwan, in Pinna sp., and<br />
Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral and 3 pairs<br />
of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus and merus<br />
subequal in length; 3rd pereopod with dactyl bearing single<br />
distal spine and basal process well developed with minute<br />
marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length about 13<br />
mm.<br />
RANGE.—Singapore, Hong Kong, Amakusa Island, Japan,<br />
Indonesia, and Australia; in pinnid bivalve mollusks.<br />
<strong>•</strong>67. Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844)<br />
FIGURE 19<br />
Hymenocera niponensis De Haan, 1844: pi. 46: fig. 8 [corrected to H.<br />
nipponensis by plenary powers of the International Commission on<br />
Zoological Nomenclature, 1956; type locality: Japan].<br />
Pontonia nipponensis.—De Haan, 1849:180.<br />
Conchodytes nipponensis.—Kemp, 1922:282, fig. 104.—Bruce, 1977e:97,<br />
fig. 1.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 3 pairs of dorsolateral and 2 pairs<br />
of posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus averaging<br />
subequal to merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl bearing 2 strong,<br />
divergent, spine-like teeth, basal process well developed with<br />
small marginal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
perhaps as much as 15 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Tilik, Lubang Island;<br />
[13°49'N, 120°12'E]; 14 Jul 1908: 1 male [7.0] 1 ovig female<br />
[9.6].<br />
RANGE.—Until reported by Bruce (1977e:97) from a single,<br />
possibly juvenile specimen from Keppel Bay, Queensland,<br />
Australia—on the mainland coast opposite Heron Island, from<br />
where Bruce (1981e) recorded no less than 100 other<br />
pontoniine species—C. nipponensis was known only from
76<br />
Japan. It is here noted that it was collected in the Philippines<br />
more than 80 years ago. It has been taken in Japan from both<br />
pectinid and pinnid bivalve mollusks.<br />
68. Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852<br />
Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852:594 [type locality: Ibo, Cabo Delgado,<br />
eastern Africa].—Bruce, 1977a;71, fig. 14a,b; 1977f: 176, fig. 7.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Telson with 2 pairs of dorsal and 3 pairs of<br />
posterior spines; 1st pereopod with carpus averaging longer<br />
than merus; 3rd pereopod with carpus averaging longer than<br />
merus; 3rd pereopod with dactyl bearing 2 strong, divergent,<br />
spine-like teeth, basal process well developed, without marginal<br />
tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length more than 10<br />
mm.<br />
RANGE.—Widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific region,<br />
from the Red Sea to Hawaii, in the mantle cavity of giant clams<br />
of the genus Tridacna; exact locality records incomplete<br />
because of past confusion between this species and C.<br />
meleagrinae.<br />
REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under C. meleagrinae.<br />
*Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860<br />
OEdipus Dana, 1852a: 17 [type species, selected by Kingsley, 1880:423:<br />
OEdipus superbus Dana, 1852a:25; gender: masculine. Invalid junior<br />
homonym of OEdipus Berthold, 1827 (Orthoptera), OEdipus Tschudi, 1838<br />
(Amphibia), and OEdipus Lesson, 1840 (Mammalia)].<br />
Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860:38 [replacement name for OEdipus Dana, 1852;<br />
gender feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally anteriorly, lateral carina expanded<br />
posterolaterally into partial, unarmed postocular eave; carapace<br />
depressed, dorsal longitudinal profile slightly convex, not<br />
dentate or lobate, anterior margin not partially produced as<br />
prominent rounded lobe, not partially deeply concave<br />
(notched), without longitudinal ridge or longitudinal branchiostegal<br />
suture parallel with ventral margin, with antennal spine,<br />
without hepatic or any other spines, orbital margin not<br />
interrrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite<br />
Key to Species of Coralliocaris<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
rounded, not sharp-pointed; telson not curved ventrad, posterior<br />
margin not deeply incised, median and submedian pairs of<br />
posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines slender,<br />
not robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes;<br />
antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not reaching<br />
as far as level of distal margin of blade; mandible without<br />
palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers<br />
not subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods<br />
similar, usually subequal, chela much longer than carpus, not<br />
borne in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad; 3rd<br />
pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not<br />
fused, dactyl with massive, hoof-shaped or triangular protuberance<br />
on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor margin;<br />
uropod with lateral branch bearing single movable spine<br />
mesial to strong lateral tooth; associated with scleractinian<br />
corals.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and Indian Ocean to Indonesia and<br />
eastward to the Line Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—The identity of some of the species currently<br />
assigned to Coralliocaris is uncertain. There would seem to be<br />
little doubt that C. taiwanensis Fujino and Miyake, 1972, is a<br />
junior synonym (by one month) of C. pavonae Bruce, 1972.<br />
Bruce (1977g:205) suggested the possibility that C. graminea<br />
may be a junior synonym of C. macrophthalma, but those two<br />
species are treated as distinct in the key offered below. Bruce<br />
(1974a:222) proposed the name C. viridis for a species<br />
previously confused with but differing in color pattern, as well<br />
as in minor morphological rostral characters, from C. graminiea.<br />
Later (1983d:201), however, he recognized only as "forms"<br />
two distinct color varieties of C. venusta, perhaps because not<br />
even suggestions of accompanying morphological differences<br />
could be found to help determine which form was typical of the<br />
species. The two forms of C. venusta behave like sibling<br />
species and will probably prove to be "good species" even<br />
though, once preserved, they cannot yet be separated.<br />
Four of the eight species recognized herein have been<br />
recorded previously from Indonesia, and two of the four are<br />
represented by Philippine material in the Albatross collections.<br />
1. Rostrum unarmed, not overreaching anteriorly extended eyes 2<br />
Rostrum usually armed with at least 1 dorsal tooth, normally overreaching anteriorly<br />
extended eyes 3<br />
2. Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger regularly convex<br />
C. brevirostris Borradaile, 1898:386<br />
(Willis Islets (Coral Sea) and Marshall<br />
and Ellice islands; associated with<br />
scleractinian corals of genus Acropora)<br />
Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger smoothly sinuous<br />
C. nudirostris (Heller, 1861:27)<br />
(Red Sea, Indian Ocean, Japan, Kiribati<br />
(Gilbert Islands), and Marshall and Society<br />
islands; associated with scleractinian<br />
corals of genus Acropora)
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 77<br />
3. Rostrum armed dorsally with 1 or 2 teeth 4<br />
Rostrum armed dorsally with 3-6 teeth 5<br />
4. Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger regularly convex,<br />
opposable margin with socket, fixed finger with plunger on opposable margin<br />
C. macrophthalma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837:359)<br />
(Red Sea and western Indian Ocean, possibly<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia)<br />
Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger smoothly sinuous,<br />
opposable margin without socket, fixed finger without plunger on opposable<br />
margin 71. C. venusta<br />
5. Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger evenly convex and fixed<br />
finger with plunger on opposable margin 6<br />
Second pereopod with extensor margin of movable finger abruptly elevated in<br />
proximal '/2 and fixed finger without plunger on opposable margin 7<br />
6. Rostrum with dorsal and ventral carinae deep and armed with outstanding teeth,<br />
especially in adults; color pattem composed of black, white, and red chromatophores<br />
in alternating fine longitudinal stripes *69. C. graminea<br />
Rostrum with dorsal and ventral carinae shallow and armed with low teeth; color<br />
pattern composed of uniformly scattered mixture of black and yellowish white<br />
chromatophores 72. C. viridis<br />
1. Antennal scale more than 3 times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate<br />
segment more than twice as long as wide; 2nd pereopod with socket on both<br />
movable and fixed fingers C. pavonae Bruce, 1972b:77, figs. 8-11<br />
(Taiwan and Fiji Islands; associated with<br />
scleractinian corals of genus Pavona)<br />
Antennal scale less than 3 times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate<br />
segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd pereopod without socket in either<br />
finger *70. C. superba<br />
*69. Coralliocaris graminea (Dana, 1852) Samoa Islands; associated with scleractinian corals of the genus<br />
OEdipus gramineus Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Fiji Islands]; 1855:12, pi. Acropora.<br />
37: fig. 3 [color].<br />
Coralliocaris graminea—Bruce, 1974a:222, fig. 1C.D; 1977h:72 (color *70. Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852)<br />
illustration]; 1984b: 163.<br />
OEdipus superbus Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Tbngatapu Island, Tonga<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended islands]; 1855:12, pi. 37: fig. 2 [color].<br />
eyes, rostral formula 3-6/0-2, dorsal and ventral carinae deep Coralliocaris superba.-Kemp, 1922:272, figs. 98,99.-Holthuis. 1952c:189,<br />
and armed with outstanding teeth, in adults; antennal scale<br />
about 2 3 A times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
penultimate segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd eyes, rostral formula 4-5/2, dorsal and ventral carinae deep;<br />
pereopod with movable finger regularly convex on extensor antennal scale about 2 3 A times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped<br />
margin, opposable margin with socket into which fits plunger with penultimate segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd<br />
on fixed finger; color bright green, pattern composed of black, pereopod with movable finger abruptly wider on extensor<br />
white, and red chromatophores confined to alternating fine, margin in proximal than distal '/2, without socket or plunger on<br />
longitudinal lines; maximum postorbital carapace length about opposable margin of either finger, color, carapace and anterior<br />
7 mm. abdomen white, posterior abdomen and appendages translucent<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side), yellow with brown dots, posterior margin of tail fan purple;<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'A-2'/2 m; scattered maximum postorbital carapace length less than 7 mm.<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
taken ashore: 1 male [3.6] 3 females [2.9-3.0], 2 ovig [2.9, Sulu Archipelago; [6°06TSI, 120°58'E]; \ x l*-2 x li m; scattered<br />
3.0], coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads<br />
RANGE.—Exact locality records uncertain because of past taken ashore: 2 females [2.8, 5.0], 1 ovig [5.0].<br />
confusion of C. viridis with this species, but Bruce (1984b: 163) RANGE.—Red Sea to Indonesia and eastward to the Society<br />
indicated that both species occur from the Red Sea to Indonesia Islands; associated with scleractinian corals of the genus<br />
and eastward to one or more of the island groups east of the Acropora.
78<br />
71. Coralliocaris venusta Kemp, 1922<br />
Coralliocaris venusta Kemp. 1922:274, figs. 100, 101 [type locality: "N.E.<br />
Tholayiram Paar," Gulf of Mannar, India; on madrepore coral].—Holthuis,<br />
1952c:191, fig. 93.—Brace, 1976d:32, fig. 12; 1977h:73 [color illustration];<br />
1978a:282, fig.42; 1979f:240; 1983d:201.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, rostral formula 0-4/0-2, dorsal and ventral carinae not<br />
very deep; antennal scale about 2 3 /4 times as long as wide; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with penultimate segment less than twice as long as<br />
wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger smoothly sinuous on<br />
extensor margin, fingers dentate on opposable margins, without<br />
socket or plunger; color translucent with linear speckling of<br />
dark red or black, two color forms, with and without<br />
conspicuous white patches; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length about 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef, and<br />
Samoa Islands; associated with scleractinian corals of the genus<br />
Acropora.<br />
REMARKS.—This taxon is represented by two color forms<br />
which appear to represent good species. At present neither can<br />
be specifically associated with the type material described by<br />
Kemp (1922).<br />
72. Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974<br />
Coralliocaris viridis Bruce, 1974a:222, fig. 1 A,B [type locality: seaward reefs<br />
of Mombasa Island. Kenya]; 1984b: 163.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, rostral formula 3-5/1, dorsal and ventral carinae shallow<br />
and armed with rather inconspicuous teeth; antennal scale<br />
about 2 3 A times as long as wide; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
penultimate segment less than twice as long as wide; 2nd<br />
pereopod with movable finger angularly convex on extensor<br />
margin, opposable margin with socket into which fits plunger<br />
on fixed finger, color bright green, pattern composed of<br />
uniformly scattered mixture of black and yellowish white<br />
chromatophores; maximum postorbital carapace length about 5<br />
mm.<br />
2.<br />
Key to Species of Dasella<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Indonesia and southern Great<br />
Barrier Reef, Australia; associated with scleractinian corals of<br />
the genus Acropora.<br />
*Dasella Lebour, 1945<br />
Dasia Lebour, 1939:650 [type species, by monotypy: Dasia herdmaniae<br />
Lebour, 1939:650; gender: feminine. Invalid junior homonym of Dasia<br />
Gray, 1839 (Reptilia) and Dasia Van der Goot, 1918 (Hemiptera)].<br />
Dasella Lebour, 1945:297 [replacement name for Dasia Lebour, 1939].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum distinctly overreaching anteriorly<br />
extended eyes, compressed laterally, unarmed dorsally, lateral<br />
carina indistinct, not expanded into broad supraocular or<br />
postocular eave; carapace about as wide as high, dorsal profile<br />
slightly convex, not dentate or lobate, without longitudinal<br />
ridge or suture, with antennal and movable hepatic spines,<br />
otherwise unarmed, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly;<br />
abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not curved<br />
ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and submedian<br />
pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines<br />
strong; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes;<br />
antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not overreaching<br />
distal margin of blade; mandible without palp; 3rd<br />
maxilliped bearing exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
slender median process; 1 st pereopod with fingers subspatulate,<br />
carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar but<br />
unequal, chela much longer than carpus, not borne in vertical<br />
plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with<br />
socket or plunger, movable finger normal, not semicircular,<br />
palm about 2 3 /4 times as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed<br />
of 7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl with large,<br />
compressed lobe on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor<br />
margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing minute single<br />
lateral tooth with movable spine mesial thereto; associated with<br />
ascidians.<br />
RANGE.—Mozambique, southern India, Sulu Archipelago,<br />
Arafura Sea, and Great Barrier Reef of Australia.<br />
REMARKS.—Only the three species noted in the following<br />
key are known.<br />
Dactyl of ambulatory pereopod with basal process bearing small acute tooth ....<br />
D. ansoni Bruce, 1983a:22, figs. 1-5<br />
(Arafura Sea; 27 m)<br />
Dactyl of ambulatory pereopod with basal process lacking acute tooth 2<br />
Ambulatory propodus with small club-shaped distal and flexor spines<br />
*73. D. herdmaniae<br />
Ambulatory propodus with distal and flexor spines acute, not club-shaped<br />
D. brucei Berggren, 1990:558<br />
(Great Barrier Reef of Australia)<br />
<strong>•</strong>73. Dasella herdmaniae (Lebour, 1939)<br />
Dasia herdmaniae Lebour, 1939:650, pi. 1 [type locality: Tuticorin, Gulf of<br />
Mannar. Madras. India, associated with ascidian Herdmania pallida (= H.<br />
momus)].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—First pereopod with opposable margins of<br />
fingers entire, not minutely pectinate; 3rd pereopod with<br />
lobe on flexor margin of dactyl bluntly rounded, without<br />
terminal tooth; maximum postorbital carapace length little<br />
more than 3 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
sta 5147; 5°41'40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, shells; 16<br />
Feb 1908 (11:27-11:47); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 79<br />
ovig female [3.0].<br />
RANGE.—Mozambique, southern India, and Philippines;<br />
associated with ascidians.<br />
REMARKS.—The single Philippine specimen agrees with the<br />
type series, as described by Berggren (1990), in lacking any<br />
suggestion of a ventral denticle on the rostrum, having the<br />
anterolateral margin of the carapace only slightly concave,<br />
having a minute hepatic spine, lacking an acute tooth on the<br />
flexor process of the dactyl of the third pereopod, and<br />
displaying two club-shaped spines on the propodus of that<br />
pereopod. Those spines are "a little more elongated than those<br />
found on specimens from Mozambique," as noted by Berggren<br />
(1990:558) about the syntypes of D. herdmaniae. It may<br />
be significant that Van Name (1928:79) recorded three<br />
specimens of the ascidian Pyura pallida (= Herdmania momus,<br />
the host of the type series of the species) from Albatross<br />
station 5147.<br />
Dasycaris Kemp, 1922<br />
Dasycaris Kemp, 1922:240 [type species, by monotypy: Dasycaris symbiotes<br />
Kemp, 1922:240; gender: feminine].—Bruce, 1973a:257.<br />
Dasygius Balss, 1924:48 [erroneous name for Dasycaris].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, subcylindrically tapering, unarmed ventrally, without<br />
lateral carina or supraocular or postocular eave; carapace rather<br />
subcylindrical, dorsal profile dentate or lobate, without<br />
Key to Species of Dasycaris<br />
longitudinal ridge or suture, not produced anteroventrally,<br />
armed laterally only with antennal and immovable hepatic<br />
spine, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; telson not<br />
curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and<br />
submedian pairs of posterior spines not curving ventrad,<br />
dorsolateral spines not robust; epistome not bearing horn-like<br />
processes; antennal scale well developed; mandible without<br />
palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers not<br />
subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods<br />
similar but unequal, chela much longer than carpus, not borne<br />
in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not<br />
provided with socket or plunger, movable finger normal, not<br />
semicircular, palm more than 3 times as long as high; 3rd<br />
pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not<br />
fused, dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, merus unarmed on<br />
flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing movable<br />
spine, with or without fixed tooth lateral thereto; associated<br />
with alcyonarians and antipatharians.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar, India, Mergui Archipelago, Japan, Indonesia,<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and New Caledonia.<br />
REMARKS.—The brief and somewhat inadequate description<br />
of D. doederleini by Balss (1924:49) complicates the task of<br />
contructing a key to the four known species of Dasycaris, only<br />
one of which has thus far been recorded from the Philippine-<br />
Indonesian region. The following key is modified from the one<br />
offered by Bruce (1973a:258).<br />
1. Rostrum, proper, completely unarmed; carapace with dorsal profile variably sinuous,<br />
prominences usually rounded, sometimes denticulate; adult female usually with<br />
broadly rounded pleura on all abdominal somites, those of 4th and 5th somites<br />
sometimes with small, acute tooth at posteroventral angle<br />
D. zanzibarica Bruce, 1973a:247, figs. 1-6<br />
(Zanzibar (4-22 m, associated with antipatharian),<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and New Caledonia)<br />
Rostrum, proper, armed with 1 or more dorsal teeth; carapace with dentate dorsal<br />
profile, teeth broadly acute; adult female with pleura of at least 3rd to 5th<br />
abdominal somites produced into prominent, acute projections 2<br />
2. Rostrum with 1 or 2 dorsal teeth in anterior '/2 of length; adult female with pleura<br />
acutely produced on all abdominal somites<br />
D. doederleini (Balss, 1924:49, fig. 2)<br />
(Sagami Nada; 130 meters)<br />
Rostrum unarmed in anterior l /2 of length; adult female with pleuron of 1st and<br />
usually 2nd abdominal somites broadly rounded 3<br />
3. Second, 3rd, and 4th of 5 teeth in dorsal midline of rostrum and carapace broadly<br />
compressed and forming basal rostral crest; eye with cornea bearing conical<br />
projection; uropod with lateral branch bearing only lateral movable spine, without<br />
fixed tooth lateral thereto 74. D. ceratops<br />
None of 6 teeth in dorsal midline of rostrum and carapace broadly compressed, no<br />
real basal rostral crest on carapace; eye with cornea hemispherical, without conical<br />
projection; uropod with lateral branch bearing strong fixed tooth lateral to<br />
movable spine D. symbiotes Kemp, 1922:240, text-figs. 76, 77, pi. 9<br />
(Madras coast of India, Mergui Archipelago, and New<br />
Caledonia; associated with sea pen Pteroeides)
80<br />
74. Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952<br />
Dasycaris ceratops Holthuis, 1952c: 176, figs. 87, 88 [type locality: Borneo<br />
Bank, Makassar Strait, Indonesia; 2°25'S, 117°43TE; 50-40 m; fine coral<br />
sand].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum unarmed over anterior 2 h of length; 5<br />
teeth in dorsal mid-line of rostrum and carapace, 2nd, 3rd, and<br />
4th teeth broadly compressed, acute, forming basal rostral<br />
crest; adult female with pleura of 3rd to 5th abdominal somites<br />
produced into prominent acute projections; eye with cornea<br />
bearing conical prominence; uropod with lateral branch bearing<br />
only lateral movable spine unaccompanied by fixed lateral<br />
tooth; postorbital carapace length 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar Harbour (on Pteroeides, Scleroblemnon,<br />
and Virgularia) and Makassar Strait, Indonesia; about 50 m.<br />
Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952<br />
Hamodactylus Holthuis, 1952c:6, 18, 208 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952c:209; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching nearly to or beyond end of<br />
anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally<br />
with 4-6 distinct teeth, ventrally with none, lateral carina not<br />
strong, forming indistinct, unarmed, and shallow eave postocularly;<br />
carapace about as wide as high, dorsal profile very<br />
slightly convex or sinuous, without longitudinal ridge or<br />
suture, armed with antennal, immovable hepatic, and sometimes<br />
supraorbital spines, orbital margin not interrupted<br />
Key to Species of Hamodactylus<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not<br />
incised, posterior spines not curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines<br />
very small; antennal scale well developed, distolateral spine not<br />
nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; mandible<br />
without palp; 3rd maxilliped without exopod; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod with<br />
carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, sometimes<br />
unequal, fingers not provided with socket or plunger,<br />
movable finger not semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7<br />
segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not<br />
biunguiculate, merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with<br />
lateral branch bearing movable spine, without fixed tooth<br />
lateral thereto; associated with alcyonarians.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar, Hong<br />
Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, and New Caledonia;<br />
4-27 m.<br />
REMARKS.—Two of the three species currently recognized<br />
in the genus Hamodactylus have been found in Indonesia. The<br />
following key is offered as an emendation of the one published<br />
by Bruce (1970a:544), which included H. incompletus before<br />
that species was transferred to Hamodactyloides and, naturally,<br />
did not include the subsequently described Hamodactylus<br />
aqabai. Most of the characters used in this key are ones that<br />
have been accorded generic importance under other circumstances.<br />
That observation serves both as a suggestion that<br />
Hamoodactyloides may have been ill-conceived or as counterevidence<br />
against the charge that students of the pontoniines<br />
habitually are incorrigible "splitters."<br />
1. Carapace bearing supraorbital spine; antennular peduncle with single distolateral<br />
tooth on basal segment 75. H. boschmai<br />
Carapace without supraorbital spine; antennular peduncle with more than 1<br />
distolateral spine on basal segment 2<br />
2. First pereopod with fingers little more than 'A as long as palm, each with distinct<br />
tooth on distal '/2 of opposable margin; 2nd pereopod appearing nonchelate<br />
because of nearly complete reduction of fixed finger<br />
H. aqabai Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:26, figs. 10-14<br />
(Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, and Queensland,<br />
Australia; associated with alcyonarians)<br />
First pereopod with fingers more than x li as long as palm, without tooth on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopod with normal chela, fingers subequal in length<br />
76. H. noumeae<br />
75. Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis, 1952<br />
Hamodactylus boschmai Holthuis. 1952c:18. 209, figs. 102-104 [type locality:<br />
Temate. off Halmahera (2-4 m) and Djedan.Kapulauan Aru (13 m),<br />
Indonesia].—Bruce. 1982e:272, figs. 25, 26.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with supraorbital spine; antennular<br />
peduncle with single distolateral spine on basal segment; 1st<br />
pereopod with fingers distinctly more than '/2 as long as palm,<br />
without subdistal tooth on opposable margin of each; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fixed finger about '/2 as long as movable one.<br />
RANGE.—Kenya, Zanzibar, Madagascar, Indonesia, and<br />
New Caledonia; associated with gorgonians.<br />
76. Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970<br />
Hamodactylus boschmai nov. var.? Holthuis, 1952c:212, fig. 105.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 81<br />
Hamodactylus noumeae Bruce, 1970a:539, fig. 2 [type locality; between He aux<br />
Canards and Hot Maitre, near Noumea, New Caledonia; 25 m, associated<br />
with gorgonian Mopsella].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without supraorbital spine; antennular<br />
peduncle with 2 or 3 distolateral spines on basal segment;<br />
1st pereopod with fingers more than '/2 as long as palm,<br />
without teeth on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with normal<br />
chela, fingers subequal in length.<br />
RANGE.—Kenya, Tanzania, Indonesia, Australia, and New<br />
Caledonia; 4-27 m, associated with gorgonians.<br />
Hamopontonia Bruce, 1970<br />
Hamopontonia Bruce, 197Ob:37 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970b:41; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum slightly overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with 5-7<br />
distinct teeth, ventrally unarmed, lateral carina not expanded<br />
into broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace subcylindrical,<br />
dorsal profile faintly convex, without longitudinal ridge<br />
or suture, armed with antennal spine only, without supraorbital<br />
Key to Species of Hamopontonia<br />
or hepatic spines, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly;<br />
abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rather broadly rounded;<br />
telson curving ventrad posteriorly, posterior margin deeply<br />
incised, without posterior spines, dorsolateral spines not robust;<br />
epistome unarmed; antennal scale well developed, distolateral<br />
spine not nearly overreaching distal margin of blade; mandible<br />
without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
without slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers<br />
feebly subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods<br />
similar but unequal, chela much longer than carpus,<br />
fingers not provided with socket and plunger closure, movable<br />
finger normal, not semicircular, palm nearly 3 times as long as<br />
high; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and<br />
ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, merus<br />
unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing<br />
single, movable, lateral spine.<br />
RANGE.—Hong Kong, Japan, Indonesia, and Northern<br />
Territory and Great Barrier Reef, Australia; associated with<br />
poritid coral of genus Goniopora.<br />
REMARKS.—Known from only two closely related species.<br />
Posterior notch of telson uniformly concave 77. H. corallicola<br />
Posterior notch of telson with small blunt median process<br />
H. essingtoni Bruce, 1986d:158, figs, lc, 11-14, 15d-g<br />
(Port Essington, Australia)<br />
77. Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970<br />
Hamopontonia corallicola Bruce, 1970b:41, figs. 1-4 [type locality: "Kat O<br />
Chau, Mirs Bay," New Territories, Hong Kong; 22°32.1'N, 114°17.95'E;<br />
about 1 m, on massive coral Goniopora]; 1983c:896, fig. 10G.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Deeply incised posterior notch of telson<br />
without small median process; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length 7.0 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Hong Kong, Japan, Indonesia, and Great Barrier<br />
Reef of Australia; associated with poritid coral of genus<br />
Goniopora.<br />
*Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917<br />
Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917:324, 329-334, 336-338, 341-343, 347-351,<br />
379, 395 [type species, by original designation: Palaemon Beaupresii<br />
Audouin. 1826:91; gender: feminine].—Holthuis, 1952c:90, 180.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum far overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with 4-7 distinct<br />
teeth, ventrally with 2-5, lateral carina not expanded into broad<br />
supraocular or postocular eave; carapace somewhat depressed<br />
dorsoventrally, dorsal profile faintly convex, without longitudinal<br />
ridge or suture, armed with antennal and immovable hepatic<br />
spines only, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen<br />
with pleuron of 5th somite sharp-pointed; telson not<br />
curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and<br />
submedian pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad,<br />
dorsolateral spines not robust; epistome not bearing paired,<br />
horn-like processes; antennal scale well developed, distolateral<br />
spine not overreaching distal margin of blade; mandible<br />
without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
without slender median process; 1st pereopod with fingers not<br />
subspatulate, carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods<br />
similar and subequal, chela much longer than carpus, fingers<br />
not provided with socket and plunger closure, movable finger<br />
normal, not semicircular, palm 3 to 4 3 A times as long as high;<br />
3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not<br />
fused, dactyl simple, with unique lateral twist, not biunguiculate,<br />
merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral<br />
branch bearing single fixed lateral tooth and movable spine<br />
mesial thereto; associated with stony corals.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Pacific coast of America.<br />
REMARKS.—All three of the species of Harpiliopsis recognized<br />
in the following key have been recorded previously from<br />
Indonesia and all three were collected in the Sulu Archipelago<br />
by the Albatross Expedition.
82<br />
2.<br />
Key to Species of Harpiliopsis<br />
(Adapted from Kemp, 1922:228)<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Carapace with antennal spine arising considerably ventral to orbital angle, on same<br />
level as hepatic spine; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about 3 times<br />
as long as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 1 tooth on<br />
opposable margin and fixed finger with 2, ischium with 1 distal spine on extensor<br />
margin and 2 on flexor margin *78. H. beaupresii<br />
Carapace with antennal spine arising only slightly below orbital angle, on level<br />
considerably dorsad to that of hepatic spine; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate<br />
segment about 6 times as long as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed<br />
with 2 teeth on opposable margin and fixed finger with 3 teeth, ischium without<br />
distal spine on extensor margin, 1 on flexor margin 2<br />
Telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising much nearer to anterior pair<br />
than to posterior end; 2nd pereopod with palm and merus each about 3 times as<br />
long as wide *79. H. depressa<br />
Telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising about midway between<br />
anterior pair and posterior end; 2nd pereopod with palm and merus each about 5<br />
times as long as wide *80. H. spinigera<br />
<strong>•</strong>78. Harpiliopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1826)<br />
Palaemon Beaupresii Audouin, 1826:91 [type locality: Egypt].<br />
Pontonia (Harpilius) dentata Richters, 1880:165, pi. 17: figs. 36-38 [type<br />
locality: He aux Fouquets, Mauritius].<br />
Harpilius beaupresi.—Kemp, 1922:229, figs. 67, 68.<br />
Harpiliopsis beaupresi.—Holthuis, 1952c:181, fig. 89.—Bruce, 1977i:8.<br />
Harpiliopsis beaupresii.—Bruce, 1976c: 124, figs. 21,22.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with antennal spine arising considerably<br />
ventrad of orbital angle, on same level as hepatic spine;<br />
telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising about<br />
midway between anterior pair and posterior end; 3rd maxilliped<br />
with antepenultimate segment about 3 times as long as wide;<br />
2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 1 tooth on<br />
opposable margin and fixed finger with 2, palm about 9 times<br />
as long as wide, merus about 3'/2 times as long as wide,<br />
ischium with 1 distal spine on extensor margin, 2 on flexor<br />
margin.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'A to 2 ! /2 m; scattered<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coralheads<br />
taken ashore: 1 male [2.8] 1 female [3.1] (both with paired<br />
abdominal bopyrid parasites).<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Philippines and Indonesia and eastward<br />
to Hawaii and Easter Island; associated with numerous<br />
scleractinian corals, mainly of the family Pocilloporidae.<br />
*79. Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
lAnchistia gracilis Dana, 1852a:25 [see Periclimenes gracilis].<br />
Harpilius depressus Stimpson, 1860:38 [type locality: Hawaii, among<br />
madreporarians].—Kemp, 1922:231, figs. 69, 70.<br />
Periclimenes pusillus Rathbun, 1906:921, fig. 71, pi. 24: fig. 7 [type locality:<br />
Off Honolulu, Hawaii (Diamond Head Light, S62°, E 3.9°; surface over 24 m<br />
depth)].<br />
Harpiliopsis depressus.—Holthuis, 195la:70, pis. 21, 22: figs, a-f; 1952c: 182,<br />
fig. 90.—Bruce, 1976c:127; 1977h:72 [color illustration]; 1977i:91.<br />
Harpiliopsis depressa.—Wicksten, 1983:15.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with antennal spine arising just<br />
below orbital angle, on level considerably dorsad to that of<br />
hepatic spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines<br />
arising much nearer to anterior pair than to posterior end; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about 6 times as long<br />
as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 2 teeth<br />
on opposable margin and fixed finger with 3 teeth, palm and<br />
merus each about 3 times as long as wide, ischium without<br />
distal spine on extensor margin, 1 on flexor margin.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 12O°58'E]; l'A to 2*/2 m; scattered<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads<br />
taken ashore: 2 males [2.6-3.8].—Jolo, Jolo Island; [6WN,<br />
121°00 / E]; 6 Mar 1908; shore: 1 ovig female [4.2].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Philippines and Indonesia and eastward<br />
to Pacific coast of America from Gulf of California to<br />
Colombia; associated with scleractinian corals, mainly of the<br />
family Pocilloporidae.<br />
REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under Periclimenes gracilis.<br />
<strong>•</strong>80. Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890)<br />
Anchistia spinigera Ortmann, 1890:511, pi. 36: fig. 23 [type locality: Samoa].<br />
Harpilius depressus var. gracilis Kemp, 1922:234, fig. 71 [type locality:<br />
Andaman Islands].<br />
Harpiliopsis depressus var. spinigerus.—Holthuis, 1952c: 184.<br />
Harpiliopsis spinigerus.—Bruce, 1976c: 127; 1977i:9.<br />
Harpiliopsis spinigera.—Bruce, 1977h:72 [color illustration].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace with antennal spine arising just<br />
below orbital angle, on level considerably dorsad to that of<br />
hepatic spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines<br />
arising about midway between anterior pair and posterior end,<br />
3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate segment about 6 times as
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 83<br />
long as wide; 2nd pereopod with movable finger armed with 2<br />
teeth on opposable margin and fixed finger with 3 teeth, palm<br />
and merus each about 5 times as long as wide, ischium without<br />
distal spine on extensor margin, 1 on flexor margin.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 12O°58'E]; l'A to 2'/2 m; scattered<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads<br />
taken ashore: 1 male [3.4] 3 females [2.7-3.2], 1 ovig [3.2].<br />
RANGE.—Possibly as widespread through the Indo-Pacific<br />
region as H. depressa, with which species it has often been<br />
confused; associated with several scleractinian corals, mainly<br />
of the family Pocilloporidae.<br />
Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966<br />
Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966a:584 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Philarius lophos Barnard, 1962; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reaching about as far as distal end of<br />
anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally<br />
with about '/2 of series of 7-14 teeth extending posteriorly<br />
nearly to mid-length of carapace, ventrally unarmed, not<br />
expanded laterally into supraocular or postocular eaves;<br />
carapace extremely compressed laterally, dorsal profile convex,<br />
armed over most of anterior '/2 of dorsal mid-line with posterior<br />
extension of rostral teeth, unarmed laterally except for acute<br />
suborbital angle, without longitudinal ridge or suture, subangularly<br />
produced anteroventrally, orbital margin not interrupted<br />
posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite bluntly<br />
triangular posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad, posterior<br />
margin not incised, armed posterolaterally with 4 pairs of long<br />
marginal spines and 1 mesial pair of setae; antenna! scale well<br />
developed, distolateral spine overreaching distal margin of<br />
blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with welldeveloped<br />
exopod; 1st pereopod with fingers not spatulate,<br />
carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar and<br />
subequal, chelae usually borne in vertical plane with movable<br />
finger ventrad, chela longer than carpus, fingers not spatulate,<br />
not provided with socket and plunger closure, movable finger<br />
normal, not semicircular, palm about twice as long as<br />
maximum height; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments,<br />
merus and ischium not fused, dactyl simple, strongly curved,<br />
not biunguiculate, unarmed, with bluntly triangular prominence<br />
proximally on flexor margin, merus unarmed on flexor<br />
margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing unusual, single,<br />
hooked, fixed, lateral tooth; associated with oculinid coral<br />
Galaxea fascicularis.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Ryukyu and Fijian<br />
Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species is known.<br />
81. Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard, 1962)<br />
Philarius lophos Barnard, 1962:242, fig. 2 [type locality: Ilha da Inhaca, Baia<br />
de Lourenc.o Marques, Mozambique].<br />
Ischnopontonia lophos.—Bruce, 1966a:584, figs. 1-5; 1977h:72 [color<br />
illustration].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of the genus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length slightly more than 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean, Ryukyu Islands, eastern<br />
Malaya, Singapore, Darwin, Northern Territory and Great<br />
Barrier Reef, Australia, and Fijian Islands; to a depth of 15 m,<br />
always associated with the oculinid coral Galaxea fascicularis.<br />
* Jocaste Holthuis, 1952<br />
Jocaste Holthuis, 1952c:17, 192 [type species, by monotypy: Coralliocaris<br />
lucina Nobili, 1901c:5; gender: feminine].<br />
Cavicheles Holthuis, 1952c:6, 17, 204 [type species, by monotypy: Cavicheles<br />
kempi Holthuis, 1952c:205; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with 3-7 teeth,<br />
ventrally with 1-4, lateral carina not expanded into broad<br />
supraocular eave; carapace depressed dorsoventrally, dorsal<br />
profile somewhat convex, not strongly produced anteroventrally,<br />
without longitudinal ridge or suture, armed with antenna!<br />
and immovable hepatic spines only, orbital margin not<br />
interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite<br />
rounded; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not<br />
incised, median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not<br />
curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines not robust; epistome not<br />
bearing paired, horn-like processes, antennal scale well<br />
developed, distolateral spine not overreaching distal margin of<br />
blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with welldeveloped<br />
exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1st pereopod with fingers subspatulate; 2nd pereopods<br />
dissimilar and unequal, major chela borne in vertical plane with<br />
movable finger ventrad, chela much longer than carpus, fingers<br />
of major chela not provided with true socket and plunger<br />
closure, movable finger not semicircular, palm about 2 2 /3 times<br />
as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus<br />
and ischium not fused, dactyl of adult with massive, hollowed,<br />
hoof-shaped protuberance on flexor margin; uropod with<br />
lateral branch bearing single fixed lateral tooth and movable<br />
spine mesial thereto; associated with scleractinian corals of<br />
genus Acropora.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Society Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—The second author has collected a vast number<br />
of both recognized species of Jocaste from a wide range of<br />
Indo-West Pacific localities. In many instances, the populations<br />
have spanned the whole size range from postlarvae on. The<br />
smallest specimens have always been identifiable as Cavicheles<br />
and they blend gradually into the morphology of the adult<br />
Jocaste. Excepting the unlikely possibility that neither adult<br />
Cavicheles nor juvenile Jocaste have been represented in any<br />
of these numerous collections, it seems apparent that the two<br />
genera are synonymous, as suggested by Bruce (1977i:10),<br />
even though it has not yet been possible to assign the small<br />
specimens positively to either of the closely related species of<br />
Jocaste. Adults of those species may be identified from the<br />
following key adapted from the table offered by Patton<br />
(1966:279).
84<br />
Key to Species of Jocaste<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Rostrum typically armed with 4 dorsal and 1 ventral teeth, lateral rostral carina<br />
gradually expanded into convex supraocular eave; major 2nd pereopod with 1<br />
tooth on opposable margin of movable finger, palm with distinct clusters of red<br />
spots in life 82. J. japonica<br />
Rostrum typically with 5 dorsal and 2 or 3 ventral eeth, lateral rostral carina rather<br />
abruptly expanded posteriorly into bluntly subrectangular supraorbital eave; major<br />
2nd pereopod with 2 or 3 teeth on opposable margin of movable finger, palm<br />
colorless in life *83. J. lucina<br />
82. Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890)<br />
Coralliocaris superba var. japonica Ortmann, 1890:509, pi. 22 [type locality:<br />
Kagoshima, Japan].<br />
Jocaste lucina Holthuis, 1952c:17, 193, fig. 94 [part].<br />
ICavicheles kempi Holthuis, 1952c: 17, 205, figs. 99-101.—Bruce, 1966b:266,<br />
fig. 1; 1977i:10.<br />
Jocaste japonica.—Patton, 1966:279, fig. 36.—Fransen, 1989:146.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically armed with 4 dorsal and 1<br />
ventral teeth, lateral rostral carina gradually expanding posteriorly<br />
into convex supraocular eave; major 2nd pereopod with 1<br />
tooth on opposable margin of movable finger, palm with<br />
distinct clusters of red spots in life.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Japan and Indonesia and<br />
eastward to the Marshall Islands.<br />
*83. Jocaste lucina (Nobili, 1901)<br />
Cforalliocaris] lucina Nobili, 1901c:5 [type locality: Eritrea].<br />
Jocaste lucina.—Holthuis, 1952c:17,193, fig. 94 [part].—Patton, 1966:278,<br />
fig. 2a.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically with 5 dorsal and 2 or 3<br />
ventral teeth, lateral rostral carina gradually expanding posteriorly<br />
into bluntly subrectangular supraocular eave; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with 2 or 3 teeth on opposable margin of movable<br />
finger, palm colorless in life.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'A to 2V2 m; scattered<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads<br />
taken ashore; 2 males [2.1, 2.4] 3 females [2.4-2.9], 2 ovig<br />
[2.6, 2.9].<br />
RANGE.—Widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific region<br />
from the Red Sea to the Society Islands, but not Hawaii.<br />
2.<br />
Key to Species of Mesopontonia<br />
Mesopontonia Bruce, 1967<br />
Mesopontonia Bruce, 1967a: 13 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967a:13; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, overreaching anteriorly<br />
extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally with<br />
7-10 teeth, ventrally with 1-3, lateral carina not expanded into<br />
broad supraocular eave; carapace not very depressed dorsoventrally,<br />
dorsal profile nearly straight, not strongly produced<br />
anteroventrally, without longitudinal ridge or suture, armed<br />
with hepatic spine only, orbital margin not interrupted<br />
posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded;<br />
telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised,<br />
median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not curving<br />
ventrad, dorsolateral spines not particularly robust; antennal<br />
scale well developed, distolateral spine not overreaching distal<br />
margin of blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped<br />
without exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1st pereopod with fingers not spatulate; 2nd pereopods<br />
markedly asymmetrical, major chela not borne in vertical<br />
plane, movable finger not ventrad, chela much longer than<br />
carpus, fingers of major chela not provided with socket and<br />
plunger closure, movable finger not semicircular, palm about 3<br />
times as long as fingers; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments,<br />
merus and ischium not fused, dactyl biunguiculate but without<br />
protuberance on flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch<br />
bearing single fixed lateral tooth and movable spine mesial<br />
thereto; associated with gorgonians.<br />
RANGE.—South China Sea, Philippines, eastern Australia,<br />
and New Caledonia; 117-400 m.<br />
REMARKS.—The three described species may be identifiable<br />
from the following key.<br />
Third pereopod simple, not biunguiculate<br />
M. monodactylus Bruce, 1991b:392, figs. 65-69<br />
(Loyalty Islands; 460 m)<br />
Third pereopod biunguiculate 2<br />
Second pereopods moderately unequal; minor 2nd pereopod with carpus about 0.75<br />
of palm length, 0.45 of chela length, much shorter than merus<br />
84. M. gorgoniophila
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 85<br />
Second pereopods very markedly unequal; minor second pereopod with carpus about<br />
2.5 times palm length, subequal to merus<br />
M. gracilicarpus Bruce, 1990a:202, figs. 34-37<br />
(New Caledonia; 398-410 m)<br />
84. Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967<br />
Mesopontonia gorgoniophila Bruce, 1967a: 13, figs. 5-9 [type locality: ESE of<br />
Hong Kong; 21°47.7TM, 116°28.5'E; 117-132 m; on gorgonian]; 1985b:248,<br />
fig. 12.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Major 2nd pereopod with oblique carina on<br />
extensor margin of movable finger; minor 2nd pereopod with<br />
carpus less than '/2 as long as chela; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length 3.5 mm.<br />
RANGE.—South China Sea, Philippines, and Coral Sea;<br />
117-270 meters, associated with gorgonians.<br />
Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981<br />
Onycocaridella Bruce, 1981b:241 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Onycocaridella prima Bruce, 1981b:243; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum reduced, not overreaching anteriorly<br />
extended eyes, compressed laterally, unarmed or bearing single<br />
dorsal apical tooth, lateral rostral carina not expanded into<br />
broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace neither noticeably<br />
depressed nor compressed, dorsal profile faintly convex,<br />
anterior margin not greatly produced anteriorad, without<br />
longitudinal ridge or suture, without antennal, hepatic, or any<br />
other spines; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded;<br />
telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, none<br />
of posterior spines curved ventrad, dorsolateral spines relatively<br />
small; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like processes;<br />
antennal scale well developed with distolateral spine overreaching<br />
blade; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
exopod; 1st pereopod with fingers spatulate, carpus entire, not<br />
subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, not necessarily subequal,<br />
chelae not borne in vertical plane, chela longer than carpus,<br />
fingers not subspatulate, not provided with socket and plunger<br />
closure, movable finger not semicircular, palm more than 1 x li<br />
times as long as high; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments,<br />
merus and ischium not fused, dactyl subcylindrical, minutely<br />
biunguiculate, without protuberance on flexor margin, merus<br />
unarmed on flexor margin, uropod with single fixed lateral<br />
spine with movable spine mesial thereto; associated with<br />
sponges.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean; Ryukyu Islands; Sulu<br />
Archipelago, Philippines; Great Barrier Reef, Australia; Marshall<br />
and Fiji Islands; associated with sponges.<br />
REMARKS.—A key to the three known species of Onycocaridella<br />
has been furnished by Bruce (1981b:249).<br />
85. Onycocaridella stenolepis (Holthuis, 1952)<br />
Onycocaris stenolepis Holthuis, 1952c: 148, figs. 66-68 [type locality: Pearl<br />
Bank, southern Sulu Sea, Philippines; 15 m].<br />
O[nycocaridella] stenolepis.—Bruce, 1981b:249.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not nearly reaching as far as distal<br />
end of anteriorly extended eyes, unarmed; ventral orbital angle<br />
acute; 2nd pereopod with fingers dentate on opposable<br />
margins.<br />
RANGE.—Sulu Archipelago, Philippines; Viti Levu, Fiji<br />
Islands; and Amo Atoll, Marshall Islands.<br />
Onycocaris Nobili, 1904<br />
Onycocaris Nobili, 1904:232 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1952c:14:<br />
Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) aualitica Nobili, 1904:232; gender feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with lateral carina not expanded into<br />
broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace neither noticeably<br />
depressed nor compressed, dorsal profile faintly convex,<br />
anterior margin not greatly produced anteriad, without longitudinal<br />
ridge or suture, without antennal, hepatic, or any other<br />
spines (except for possible antennal spine in O. longirostris);<br />
abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not<br />
curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, none of posterior<br />
spines curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not large; epistome<br />
not bearing paired, horn-like processes; antennal scale well<br />
developed, with distolateral spine usually overreaching blade;<br />
mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th<br />
thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod<br />
with fingers simple or subspatuiate, carpus entire, not subdivided;<br />
2nd pereopods similar, not necessarily equal, chelae<br />
usually borne in vertical plane, chela longer than carpus,<br />
strongly compressed, fingers large, subspatulate, usually<br />
ornately dentate, often with distal lateral flange on fixed finger;<br />
3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not<br />
fused, dactyl strongly compressed, elaborately dentate on<br />
flexor margin; associated with sponges.<br />
RANGE.—Djibouti, eastern Africa, and Madagascar to Hong<br />
Kong, Japan, Philippines, Australia, New Caledonia, Wake<br />
Island, and Marshall and Fiji islands to Hawaii; 0-84 m, in<br />
sponges.<br />
REMARKS.—It may be apparent from the following key to<br />
the 12 currently recognized species of Onycocaris that they<br />
may be subdivided into three or four groups. Perhaps the most<br />
distinct one, and therefore the one most deserving of eventual<br />
generic status, is represented by O. longirostris and O.<br />
zanzibarica, which are distinguished by the strongly dentate<br />
rostrum and the ventral angle of the orbit armed with what<br />
simulates a strong antennal spine; also assignable to this group,<br />
if it is specifically distinct, are the pair of specimens from<br />
Zanzibar mentioned and illustrated by Bruce (1971c:298,<br />
fig.lF.G). Three other species with dentate rostra, albeit with<br />
less prominent dorsal teeth, are O. furculata, O. profunda, and<br />
O. seychellensis, which are otherwise differentiated by having
86 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
the fixed finger of the second pereopod deeply bifurcate for the O. callyspongiae, and O. quadratophthalma—have the cornea<br />
reception of the movable finger. Of the species without any of the eye clearly subconical, rather than hemispherical, as in<br />
rostral teeth, three apparently close relatives—O. amakusensis, all other species of Onycocahs.<br />
Key to Species of Onycocaris<br />
1. Rostrum armed with sharp dorsal teeth on anterior '/2; ventral angle of orbit armed<br />
with elongate spine 2<br />
Rostrum unarmed or bearing rather inconspicuous dorsal teeth; ventral angle of<br />
orbit rounded or, at most, acutely triangular, not spinose 3<br />
2. Rostrum reaching nearly to level of end of antennular peduncle; 2nd pereopod with<br />
acute tooth on extensor surface of carpus and broad distal tooth on flexor margin<br />
of merus O. longirostris Bruce, 1980a: 15<br />
(New Caledonia; 20 m)<br />
Rostrum not overreaching basal segment of antennular peduncle; 2nd pereopod<br />
with carpus and merus unarmed . . O. zanzibarica Bruce, 1971c:293, figs. 1, 2<br />
(Kenya and Zanzibar; 7-18 m)<br />
3. Rostrum bearing 2-4 somewhat indistinct dorsal teeth; 2nd pereopod with fixed<br />
finger distinctly and subequally bifid for reception of movable finger 4<br />
Rostrum unarmed; 2nd pereopod with fixed finger at most indistinctly and<br />
unequally bifid at distal end 6<br />
4. Ventral orbital angle blunt or rounded; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of<br />
dactyl deeply incised, forked O. furculata Bruce, 1979c:324, figs. 1-4<br />
(La Reunion, Indian Ocean; 20 m)<br />
Ventral orbital angle sharply acute; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of dactyl<br />
truncate 5<br />
5. Antennal scale with distolateral spine slender, far overreaching distal margin of<br />
blade; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of dactyl transversely truncate ....<br />
86. O. profunda<br />
Antennal scale with distolateral spine stout, barely reaching level of distal margin<br />
of blade; 3rd pereopod with penultimate tooth of dactyl obliquely truncate . . .<br />
O. seychellensis Bruce, 1971b:208, figs. 1-6<br />
(Kenya, Seychelles, Japan, and Fiji Islands; less than 1 m)<br />
6. Second pereopod with distal tooth on flexor margins of merus and ischium; 3rd<br />
pereopod with unguis of dactyl bearing 4-8 denticles on flexor margin .... 7<br />
Second pereopod without distal tooth on flexor margins of merus and ischium; 3rd<br />
pereopod with unguis of dactyl not denticulate on flexor margin 10<br />
7. Cornea of eye subconical 8<br />
Cornea of eye hemispherical 9<br />
8. Second pereopod with fingers not excavate on opposable surfaces, therefore not<br />
bimarginal, not marginally serrate in distal '/2, without row of acute teeth on<br />
mesial surfaces<br />
O. amakusensis Fujino and Miyake, 1969b;413, figs. 6, 8a-c, 9a-c<br />
(Zanzibar, Japan, Australia; shallow water)<br />
Second pereopod with fingers distinctly excavate, bimarginal, lateral margin serrate<br />
in distal '/2, mesial margin armed with row of acute teeth<br />
O. callyspongiae Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:422, figs. 10-12<br />
(Tanzania and Japan)<br />
9. Third pereopod with dactyl bearing 5 acute spinules on flexor margin of unguis<br />
O. aualitica (Nobili, 1904:233)<br />
(Djibouti and La Reunion)<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl bearing few blunt denticles on flexor margin of unguis<br />
O. oligodentata Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:415, figs. 7, 8d-f, 9d-f<br />
(Hong Kong, Japan, Australia; 17-35 m)
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 87<br />
10. Ventral orbital angle sharply acute; antennal scale more than 2'/2 times as long as<br />
wide; 2nd pereopod with fingers excavate, spatulate, both margins dentate ....<br />
O. trullata Bruce, 1978a:269, figs. 36-41<br />
(Madagascar, 28 m)<br />
Ventral orbital angle rounded; antennal scale no more than twice as long as wide;<br />
2nd pereopod with fingers not excavate or spatulate 11<br />
11. Cornea of eye subconical; 2nd pereopod with merus unarmed on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with subdistal tooth of dactyl not deeply incised<br />
O. quadratophthalma (Balss, 1921b:15)<br />
(Western Australia and Hong Kong)<br />
Cornea of eye hemispherical; 2nd pereopod with merus bearing 2 or more teeth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with subdistal tooth on dactyl deeply incised, bifid<br />
O. spinosa Fujino and Miyake, 1969b:429, figs. 13-15<br />
(Ryukyu Islands; 1 m)<br />
86. Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985<br />
Onycocaris profunda Bruce, 1985b:241, figs. 8-11 [type locality: Mompog<br />
Pass, northeast of Marinduque, Philippines; 81-84 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum slightly overreaching ventral orbital<br />
angle, armed dorsally with 3 inconspicuous teeth; carapace<br />
armed with short, acute tooth at ventral orbital angle; cornea of<br />
eye hemispherical; antennal scale slightly more than twice as<br />
long as wide, not including distolateral spine, latter slender,<br />
elongate, far exceeding distal margin of blade; 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers deeply grooved on opposable surfaces, hence<br />
bimarginal, margins denticulate throughout, fixed finger<br />
subequally and sharply bifid for reception of movable finger,<br />
carpus unarmed, merus and ischium feebly tuberculate but<br />
without distal tooth on flexor margin; ambulatory pereopod<br />
with unguis of dactyl without denticles on flexor margin,<br />
penultimate tooth transversely truncate, not deeply incised;<br />
postorbital carapace length 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in Mompog<br />
Pass, Philippines, in 81-84 meters.<br />
*Palaemonella Dana, 1852<br />
Palaemonella Dana 1852a: 17 [type species, selected by Kingsley, 1880:425:<br />
Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852a; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally and ventrally, lateral<br />
carina not expanded into broad supraocular or postocular eave;<br />
Key to Species of Palaemonella<br />
carapace neither noticeably depressed nor compressed, dorsal<br />
profile nearly horizontal, dorsal series of rostral teeth continued<br />
onto anterior part of carapace, anterior margin not produced<br />
anteriorly or deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal<br />
branchiostegal suture, with antennal and immovable hepatic<br />
spines, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen<br />
with pleuron of 5th somite sharp-pointed; telson not curved<br />
ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and submedian<br />
pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad dorsolateral spines<br />
slender, not robust; antenna! scale well developed; mandible<br />
with palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
with slender median process; 1st pereopod not subspatulate,<br />
carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, sometimes<br />
unequal, chela longer than carpus, fingers not provided<br />
with socket and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not<br />
semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and<br />
ischium not fused, dactyl not biunguiculate, not provided with<br />
massive protuberance on flexor margin, merus unarmed on<br />
flexor margin.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and southern Africa to Pacific coast of<br />
America, eastern Atlantic, and eastern Mediterranean; littoral<br />
to 128 meters, usually free-living, one species commensal with<br />
crinoids.<br />
REMARKS.—Only four of the 13 currently recognized<br />
species of Palaemonella, included in the following key, are<br />
known from the Philippine-Indonesian area, and only the most<br />
commonly collected species is represented in the Albatross<br />
Philippine Expedition collections.<br />
1. Carapace with supraorbital spine (small in P. holmesi) 2<br />
Carapace without supraorbital spine (tubercle usually present in P. rotumana)<br />
7<br />
2. Second pereopod with merus unarmed on flexor margin 3<br />
Second pereopod with merus armed with distal tooth on flexor margin 4
88 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
3. Second pereopods unequal, major chela with movable finger crested on distal part<br />
of extensor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl ] /5 as long as propodus<br />
P. asymmetrica Holthuis, 1951a:19, pi. 5<br />
(Galapagos Islands; littoral)<br />
Second pereopods subequal, movable finger without crest on extensor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl about '/2 as long as propodus<br />
P. holmesi (Nobili, 1907:5)<br />
(Eastern Pacific from southern California to<br />
Ecuador and Galapagos Islands; littoral to 128 m)<br />
4. Second pereopod with ischium distoventrally unarmed<br />
P. spinulata Yokoya, 1936:135, fig. 4<br />
(Kenya, Tanzania, La Reunion, southwestern<br />
Japan, Queensland, Australia)<br />
Second pereopods with ischium bearing distal tooth on extensor margin .... 5<br />
5. Third pereopod with dactyl about '/3 of propodal length, slender, about 12 times<br />
longer than proximal depth<br />
P. dolichodactylus Bruce, 1991a:232, figs. 6f-l, 7<br />
(New Caledonia)<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl about '/5 of propodal length (or less), 5-6 times longer<br />
than proximal depth 6<br />
6. Rostral formula: 8/3 P. crosnieri Bruce, 1978a:260, figs. 2-4<br />
(Kenya and Mozambique Channel; 20 m)<br />
Rostral formula: 6-7/2 P. disalvoi Fransen, 1987:511, figs. 7-12<br />
(Easter Island)<br />
7. Second pereopod with merus armed with sharp distal tooth on flexor margin . . 8<br />
Second pereopod with merus unarmed 11<br />
8. Second pereopod with carpus armed distally with apparently submarginal sharp<br />
tooth 9<br />
Second pereopod with carpus armed distally with 1 or 2 marginal teeth .... 10<br />
9. Antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide; mandible vestigial, with unsegmented<br />
palp; 2nd pereopods unequal P. atlantica Holthuis, 1951b: 152, fig. 31<br />
(Cape Verde Islands; 40 m)<br />
Antennal scale about 4 times as long as wide; mandible bearing 2-segmented palp;<br />
2nd pereopods subequal 90. P. tenuipes<br />
10. Carapace without supraorbital tubercle; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl<br />
sinuous, distoventral propodal spines short 88. P. pottsi<br />
Carapace usually with supraorbital tubercle; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of<br />
dactyl regularly concave, not sinuous, distoventral propodal spines long<br />
*89. P. rotumana<br />
11. Rostrum not reaching as far as terminal segment of antennular peduncle, armed with<br />
6 dorsal and 1 ventral teeth; mandibular palp vestigial, unsegmented<br />
P. pusilla Bruce, 1975b:169, figs. 1-5<br />
(Kenya; littoral)<br />
Rostrum overreaching antennular peduncle, armed with 8 dorsal and 2 or 3 ventral<br />
teeth; mandibular palp composed of 2 segments 12<br />
12. Comea wider than eyestalk; antennal scale with distolateral tooth not reaching as far<br />
as distal margin of blade; 2nd pereopod without acute distal teeth on carpus; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl less than 'A as long as propodus<br />
P. burnsi Holthuis, 1973:24, figs. 8, 9<br />
(Hawaii; in anchialine pools)<br />
Eyestalk wider than comea; antennal scale with distolateral tooth overreaching blade;<br />
2nd pereopod with 2 acute teeth on distal margin of carpus; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl about '/3 as long as propodus 87. P. lota
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 89<br />
87. Palaemonella lata Kemp, 1922<br />
Palaemonella lata Kemp, 1922:127, figs. 3-6 [type locality: Aberdeen, Port<br />
Blair, Andaman Islands; rock pool at low tide].—Bruce, 1970d:274, 284,<br />
fig. 1.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennular peduncle,<br />
rostral formula 2 + 6/3; carapace devoid of supraorbital spine;<br />
cornea narrower than eyestalk; antennal scale about 3 times as<br />
long as wide, distolateral tooth slightly overreaching blade;<br />
mandibular palp composed of 2 segments; 2nd pereopods<br />
subequal, movable finger not crested on extensor margin,<br />
carpus armed with acute marginal spines, without subterminal<br />
spine, merus and ischium unarmed on flexor margins; 3rd<br />
pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl regularly concave, not<br />
sinuous, about l /3 as long as propodus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar, La Reunion, Andaman Islands, Indonesia,<br />
and Hawaii; littoral, possibly associated with sponges.<br />
88. Palaemonella pottsi (Borradaile, 1915)<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) pottsi Borradaile, 1915:212 [type locality: Torres<br />
Strait; on Comanthus].<br />
Palaemonella pottsi.—Bruce, 1970d:274, 279, figs. 1, 3-7.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennular peduncle,<br />
rostral formula 2 + 5-6/2; carapace devoid of supraorbital<br />
spine; cornea slightly wider than eyestalk; antennal scale 3'/3 to<br />
4 times as long as wide, anterolateral tooth overreaching blade;<br />
mandibular palp composed of 2 segments; 2nd pereopods<br />
subequal, movable finger not crested on extensor margin,<br />
carpus armed with 2 small, acute marginal spines, without<br />
subterminal spine, merus armed with sharp distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin, ischium unarmed; 3rd pereopod with flexor<br />
margin of dactyl slightly sinuous, less than l /s as long as<br />
propodus, disto-ventral propodal spines short; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length 6.6 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar, Japan; Singapore; Philippines; Queensland,<br />
Australia; New Caledonia; and Marshall Islands;<br />
associated with crinoids. Kemp (1922:131) notes that Zehntner's<br />
specimen of P. tenuipes from Ambon was entirely black,<br />
making it virtually certain that it was a specimen of P. pottsi,<br />
which is very commonly an intense deep blue-red, as near black<br />
as does not matter, when on such hosts as Tropiometra afra.<br />
<strong>•</strong>89. Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898)<br />
Periclimenes rotumana Borradaile, 1898:383 [type locality: Rotuma, Fiji<br />
Islands].<br />
Palaemonella vestigialis Kemp, 1922:123, figs. 1, 2; pi. 3: fig. 2 [type locality:<br />
Port Blair, Andaman Islands].—Holthuis, 1952c:24, figs. 2a,b, 3.<br />
Palaemonella rotumana.—Bruce, 1970d:276, fig. 2; 1975b: 182, fig. 6H.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennular peduncle,<br />
rostral formula 2 + 4-6/1-3; carapace with tubercle in lieu of<br />
supraorbital spine; cornea wider than eyestalk; antennal scale<br />
3 l /3 to 4 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth overreaching<br />
blade; mandibular palp composed of 2 segments; 2nd pereopods<br />
subequal, movable finger not crested on extensor margin,<br />
carpus armed with 2 small, acute marginal spines, without<br />
subterminal spine, merus armed with sharp distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; ischium unarmed; 3rd pereopod with flexor<br />
margin of dactyl slightly sinuous, '/3 to '/2 as long as propodus,<br />
distoventral propodal spines long; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length 4.3 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Davao Gulf, Mindanao: sta<br />
5249; 7°06'08"N, 125°40'08"E; 42 m; coral, sand; 18 May<br />
1908 (1102-1109); 9' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male [2.7]; sta<br />
5253; 7°04'48"N, 125°39'38"E; 51 m; coral; 18 May 1908<br />
(1347-1358); 6' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male [2.8].—Near<br />
Siasi, Sulu Archipelago; sta 5147; 5°41'40"E; 38 m; coral sand,<br />
shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl,<br />
mud bag: 3 males [2.6-4.3] 3 ovig females [2.7-3.9].<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Mediterranean; Red Sea; and eastern<br />
Africa to Philippines and Indonesia; and eastward to Hawaii;<br />
associated with dead coral on muddy bottom, to depth of<br />
126-128m.<br />
90. Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852<br />
Palaemonella tenuipes Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Sulu Sea, Philippines].—Holthuis,<br />
1952c:27.—Bruce, 1970d:274, fig. 1.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching antennular peduncle,<br />
rostral formula 2 + 4-5/2-3; carapace without supraorbital<br />
spine; cornea slightly wider than eyestalk; antennal scale about<br />
4 times as long as wide; mandibular palp composed of 2<br />
segments; 2nd pereopods subequal, movable finger not crested<br />
on extensor margin, carpus unarmed distally but with strong,<br />
acute subterminal spine, merus with distal tooth on flexor<br />
margin, ischium unarmed; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of<br />
dactyl regularly concave, not sinuous, '/3 as long as propodus;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length 3.6 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and western Indian Ocean to Philippines<br />
and eastward to International Date Line; littoral, apparently free<br />
living, not associated with other animals.<br />
Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952<br />
Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952c:5, 13,91 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Anchistus biungukulatus Borradaile, 1898:387 (= Pontonia armata H. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1837:359); gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed in anterior '/2 of dorsal<br />
margin and distoventrally, lateral carina not expanded into<br />
broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace neither noticeably<br />
depressed nor compressed, dorsal profile faintly sinuous,<br />
unarmed, anterior margin not strongly produced anteroventrally<br />
or deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal ridge<br />
or suture, with antennal and movable hepatic spines, without<br />
supraorbital, orbital or suborbital spines, orbital margin not<br />
interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite
90<br />
usually broadly rounded, at most obscurely quadrate; telson not<br />
curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and<br />
submedian pairs of posterior spines not curved ventrad,<br />
dorsolateral spines small; antennal scale well developed,<br />
distolateral spine distinct; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped<br />
with well-developed exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not<br />
subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, subequal, chela much<br />
longer than carpus, fingers not provided with socket and<br />
plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular;<br />
3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium<br />
not fused, dactyl without massive protuberance on flexor<br />
margin, merus unarmed on flexor margin; uropod with lateral<br />
branch bearing lateral movable spine but without fixed<br />
lateral tooth.<br />
Key to Species of Paranchistus<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
RANGE.—Mozambique, Madagascar, Comoro Islands, and<br />
Persian Gulf to Japan, Palau Islands, Indonesia, New Guinea,<br />
New Ireland, and Australia to Gilbert and Marshall islands;<br />
living in bivalve mollusks.<br />
REMARKS.—The presence of an hepatic spine—the sole<br />
character by which Paranchistus is distinguished from Anchistus—is<br />
usually a valid generic character in the carideans,<br />
but the fact that it very nearly disappears in large specimens of<br />
P. armatus indicates how closely related the two genera are, as<br />
pointed out by Bruce (1975e:54).<br />
Also, the questionable distinctions that are supposed to<br />
separate three of the six species currently assigned to<br />
Paranchistus (P. pycnodontae, P. serenei, and P. spondylis)<br />
have made the construction of the following key less than<br />
satisfactory.<br />
1. Rostrum tapering toward apex in lateral aspect, directed somewhat ventrad ... 2<br />
Rostrum with margins subparallel or diverging in anterior ] /2 in lateral aspect, nearly<br />
horizontal 3<br />
2. Second pereopod with movable finger considerably overreaching fixed finger, 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate; maximum carapace length more than 15 mm;<br />
living in Tridacna 91. P. armatus<br />
Second pereopod with movable finger overreaching fixed finger little, if at all; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate; maximum carapace length about<br />
5 mm; living in Atrina P. ornatus Holthuis, 1952c:97, figs. 39, 40<br />
(Zanzibar, Kenya, Madagascar,<br />
Comoro Islands, Mozambique)<br />
3. First pereopod with fingers subspatulate and denticulate on opposable margins<br />
P. pycnodontae Bruce, 1978b:233, figs. 1-5, pi. 39<br />
(Heron Island, Capricorn Group,<br />
Queensland, Australia; 3 m)<br />
First pereopod with fingers not subspatulate or denticulate on opposable margins<br />
4<br />
4. Second pereopod with movable finger no longer than fixed finger; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl not flattened on extensor margin; living in Spondylus<br />
P. spondylis Suzuki, 1971:15, figs. 8, 9<br />
(Sagami Wan, Honshu, Japan)<br />
Second pereopod with movable finger longer than fixed finger; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl flattened on extensor margin 5<br />
5. Third pereopod with accessory tooth on flexor margin of dactyl not covered with<br />
spinules distally 92. P. nobilii<br />
Third pereopod with accessory tooth on flexor margin of dactyl covered with minute<br />
spinules distally 93. P. serenei<br />
91. Paranchistus armatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)<br />
Pfontonia] armata H. Milne Edwards, 1837:359 [type locality: New Ireland,<br />
Papua New Guinea].<br />
Anchistus biunguiculatus Borradaile, 1898:387 [type locality: Tlibetube,<br />
Engineer Group, Papua; in Tridacna].<br />
Anchistus oshimai Kubo, 1949:26, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Palau Islands].<br />
Paranchistus biunguiculatus.—Holthuis, 1952c:93, figs. 36-38.<br />
Paranchistus armatus.—Bruce, 1975e:49, figs. 1-3.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum tapering toward apex in lateral<br />
aspect, directed somewhat ventrad; 1st pereopod with fingers<br />
subspatulate and pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod<br />
with movable finger longer than fixed finger, hooked<br />
distally; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, not flattened<br />
on extensor margin, not partially covered with spines or horny<br />
tubercles; maximum postorbital carapace length 15.3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Indonesia; New Guinea; Papua; Palau Islands;
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 91<br />
Queensland, Australia; New Ireland; and Gilbert and Marshall<br />
islands; in Tridacna.<br />
REMARKS.—An ovigerous female of P. armatus in the<br />
Smithsonian collections from Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands,<br />
has a postorbital carapace length of 15.3 mm.<br />
92. Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952<br />
Anchistus Miersi.—Nobili, 1906b:48 [not Harpilius Miersi De Man, 1888].<br />
Paranchistus nobilii Holthuis, 1952c: 13,100, figs. 41, 42 [type locality:<br />
Arzanah Island, Ruqq Az Zaqqum bank, Persian Gulf coast of United Arab<br />
Emirates; from Spondylus gaederopus].—Bruce, 1983c:89O, figs. 6E, 8I.J.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum widening slightly toward apex,<br />
nearly horizontal or directed slightly ventrad; 2nd pereopod<br />
with movable finger longer than fixed finger, hooked distally;<br />
3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, flattened and minutely<br />
tuberculate on extensor margin; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length little more than 5 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Persian Gulf, Indonesia, and Kiribati (Gilbert<br />
Islands); living in Spondylus, Pinna, and Tridacna.<br />
93. Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983<br />
Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983c:890, figs. 7H.I, 9 [type locality: Teluk<br />
Sawai, Ceram, Indonesia; in Ostrea cristagalli].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum widening slightly toward apex,<br />
nearly horizontal or directed slightly ventrad; 2nd pereopod<br />
with movable finger slightly longer than fixed finger, hooked<br />
distally; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, flattened on<br />
extensor margin, latter and accessory tooth on flexor margin<br />
bearing minute spinules; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
less than 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality on Ceram,<br />
Indonesia, living in Ostrea.<br />
Paratypton Balss, 1914<br />
Paratypton Balss, 1914a:83 [type species, by monotypy: Paratypton siebenrocki<br />
Balss, 1914b:84; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum lacking, represented by transverse<br />
straight or concave lamina crossing posterior portion of<br />
ophthalmic somite; carapace globular, without antennal, hepatic,<br />
suborbital, or supraorbital spines; abdomen with pleura<br />
of all somites rounded; telson not curving ventrad, margin<br />
ovoid, not incised posteriorly, without dorsolateral spines,<br />
posterior spines small to minute; antennal scale small, about<br />
twice as long as wide, broadly rounded distally without<br />
distolateral spine; maxilliped without exopod; 4th thoracic<br />
sternite without median process; 1st pereopod with carpus<br />
entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, subequal, chela<br />
much longer than carpus, fingers not provided with socket and<br />
plunger closure, movable finger not semicircular; 3rd pereopod<br />
composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl<br />
without protuberance on flexor margin, merus unarmed on<br />
flexor margin; uropod without fixed tooth or movable spine on<br />
lateral margin of lateral branch.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Indonesia and the<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia and the Marshall, Fiji, and<br />
Samoa islands; living in barely detectable cysts in Acropora<br />
corals.<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species is recognized.<br />
94. Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914<br />
Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914a:84, fig. 1 [type locality: "Senafir,"<br />
"Koseir," and "Sherm Sheikh," Red Sea; Jaluit, Marshall Islands; and<br />
Samoa].—Bruce, 1969d:172, figs, l-5.pl. 1; 1983c:897.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length 4.1 mm.<br />
RANGE.—See "Range" of the genus.<br />
*Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Borradaile,<br />
1917:378: Periclimenaeus robustus Borradaile, 1915:213; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, usually overreaching<br />
anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally, armed at least<br />
dorsally throughout length, lateral carina not expanded into<br />
broad supraocular or postocular eave; carapace slightly<br />
compressed, dorsal profile straight or slightly convex, with or<br />
without 1 or more teeth of dorsal rostral series continuing onto<br />
gastric region, anterior margin not produced anteroventrally as<br />
prominent convex lobe and not deeply concave (notched),<br />
without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with antennal<br />
spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin often interrupted<br />
posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not<br />
incised, median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not<br />
curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not particularly robust;<br />
antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender<br />
median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided;<br />
2nd pereopods dissimilar and unequal, fingers of major<br />
chela with socket and plunger closure; 3rd pereopod composed<br />
of 7 or 8 segments, merus and ischium not fused; uropod with<br />
at least one fixed lateral tooth on lateral branch, accompanied<br />
by at least one movable spine mesial thereto.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and South Africa to Japan, Indonesia, and<br />
Australia, and eastward to Hawaii and Pacific coast of America<br />
from Costa Rica to Colombia and western Atlantic from North<br />
Carolina and Bermuda to Panama and Trinidad; associated with<br />
sponges, alcyonarians, and ascidians, from shallow water to<br />
37Of meters.<br />
REMARKS.—Only eight of the 55 currently recognized<br />
species of Periclimenaeus are known from the Philippines or<br />
Indonesia; a key to those eight species is offered below.
92<br />
Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenaeus<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
1. Third pereopod with dactyl bearing acute tooth at extreme proximal end of flexor<br />
margin between distal spines on flexor margin of propodus 2<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl unarmed at extreme proximal end of flexor margin . . .<br />
3<br />
2. Third pereopod with dactyl distally simple, not biunguiculate ... 100. P. storchi<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl distally biunguiculate 101. P. tridentatus<br />
3. Carapace with supraorbital spines, sometimes minute 4<br />
Carapace without supraorbital spines 6<br />
4. Supraorbital spines large, sharp; 1st pereopod with fingers longer than palm ....<br />
102. P. truncoideus, new species<br />
Supraorbital spines minute, inconspicuous; 1st pereopod with fingers no more than<br />
'/2 as long as palm 5<br />
5. Rostral formula 0 + 5/0; antennal scale with distolateral tooth far overreaching distal<br />
margin of blade; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, composed of 2 distinct<br />
segments 95. P. arthrodactylus<br />
Rostral formula 1+6/1; antennal scale with blade overreaching distolateral tooth; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented 97. P. holthuisi<br />
6. Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 96. P. hecate<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 7<br />
7. Major 2nd pereopod with merus dentate on flexor margin .... *98. P. minutus<br />
Major 2nd pereopod with merus unarmed on flexor margin ... 99. P. spongicola<br />
95. Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenaeus arthrodactylus Holthuis, 1952c: 122, figs. 51-53 [type locality:<br />
Pulau Sailus-ketjil, Kepulauan Tengah, Indonesia].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 5/0; carapace with small<br />
supraorbital spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral<br />
spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral tooth far overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st<br />
pereopod with fingers less than x li as long as palm; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with merus rugose but not granulous or dentate on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate,<br />
but distinctly 2-segmented, without acute tooth at<br />
proximal end of flexor margin; postorbital carapace length less<br />
than 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique ovigerous female<br />
holotype from Kepulauan Tengah, Indonesia.<br />
96. Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili, 1904)<br />
Coralliocaris hecate Nobili. 1904:232 [type locality: Djibouti]; 1906:58. pi. 3:<br />
fig. 2.<br />
Periclimenaeus hecate.—Bruce. 1974c: 1574. figs. 11. 12, 13E; 1976d:22, figs.<br />
8-11.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 4-5/0; carapace without<br />
supraorbital spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral<br />
spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st<br />
pereopod with fingers subequal to palm in length; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with merus not granulous or dentate on flexor<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate,<br />
not segmented, without acute tooth at proximal end of flexor<br />
margin; postorbital carapace length less than 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Indonesia and Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia; associated with ascidians.<br />
97. Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969<br />
Periclimenaeus rhodope.—Holthuis, 1952c: 125, figs. 54, 55bis [not Coralliocaris<br />
(Onycocaris) rhodope Nobili, 1904].<br />
Periclimenaeus holthuisi Bruce, 1969a: 159 [type locality: Banda, Moluccas,<br />
Indonesia; 17 m].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 1 +6/1; carapace with small<br />
supraorbital spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral<br />
spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st<br />
pereopod with fingers about '/2 as long as palm; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with merus granulous on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod<br />
with dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented, without acute tooth<br />
at proximal end of flexor margin; postorbital carapace length<br />
slightly more than 5 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Indonesia.<br />
*98. Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952c; 134, figs. 57-59 [type locality:<br />
Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 18-36 m].—Bruce. 1978d:121.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 5/0; carapace without<br />
supraorbital spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral<br />
spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral spine not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st<br />
pereopod with fingers not quite as long as palm; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with merus dentate on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 93<br />
with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, not segmented, without<br />
acute tooth at proximal end of flexor margin; postorbital<br />
carapace length about 2 mm or more.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
sta 5174; 6°03'45"N, 120°57'E; 37 m; coarse sand; 5<br />
Mar 1908 (1551-1557): 9' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male<br />
[2.2].<br />
RANGE.—Off Somali Republic, Tanzania, Philippines, and<br />
Indonesia; 18-80 m, associated with sponges.<br />
REMARKS.—The specimen from off Jolo Island agrees with<br />
the original description of P. minutus in most particulars, but<br />
the rostrum is armed with six rather than five dorsal teeth, the<br />
first pereopod appears to be more slender than in the illustration<br />
given by Holthuis (1952c, fig. 58a), and the palm of the minor<br />
second pereopod is distinctly compressed rather than cylindrical.<br />
99. Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenaeus spongicola Holthuis, 1952c: 137, figs. 60-62 [type locality:<br />
Java Sea; 4°41'S, 113°02'E; 28-32 m, in sponge].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 5/0; carapace without<br />
supraorbital spine; telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral<br />
spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st<br />
pereopod with fingers about as long as palm; major 2nd<br />
pereopod with merus devoid of granules or spines on flexor<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented,<br />
without acute tooth at proximal end of flexor margin;<br />
postorbital carapace length nearly 3'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in the Java Sea.<br />
100. Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989<br />
Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, 1989b: 181, fig. 5 [type locality: Cuaming<br />
Island, Bohol Strait, Philippines].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 3/0; carapace without<br />
supraorbital spines or tubercles; telson with posterior pair of<br />
dorsolateral spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral tooth not overreaching distal margin of<br />
blade; 1st pereopod with fingers slightly shorter than palm;<br />
major 2nd pereopod with merus devoid of tubercles or spines;<br />
3rd pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate, not<br />
composed of 2 segments, but with acute tooth at proximal end<br />
of flexor margin; postorbital carapace length 2.25 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the pair of specimens from the<br />
type locality between Cebu and Bohol, Philippines, associated<br />
with an unidentified tunicate.<br />
101. Periclimenaeus tridentatus (Miers, 1884)<br />
Coralliocaris ?tridentata Miers, 1884:294, pi. 32: fig. C [type locality:<br />
Thursday Island, Torres Strait].<br />
Periclimenaeus tridentatus.—Holthuis, 1952c: 140, figs. 63-65 [part, specimens<br />
from Siboga station 99 only].—Bruce, 1974c: 1576, fig. 150;<br />
1979f:235; 1983d:206.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 3-4/0; carapace without<br />
supraorbital spine, occasionally represented by obscure tubercle;<br />
telson with posterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising<br />
posterior to mid-length; antennal scale with distolateral tooth<br />
not overreaching distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod with<br />
fingers fully as long as palm; major 2nd pereopod with merus<br />
devoid of granules or teeth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented, with acute tooth at<br />
proximal end of flexor margin; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length about 6 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known with certainty from Singapore; Sulu<br />
Archipelago, Philippines; Torres Strait; and northern and<br />
eastern Australia; associated with the ascidian Diplosoma.<br />
REMARKS.—The real P. tridentatus may be distinguished<br />
from other currently known Philippine-Indonesian species by<br />
the presence of an acute, proximal tooth on the flexor margin of<br />
the dactyls of the three posterior pairs of pereopods.<br />
102. Periclimenaeus truncoideus, new species<br />
Periclimenaeus truncatus Holthuis, 1952c:117, figs. 48-50.—Bruce,<br />
1981c:211, figs. 16, 17d. [Not Coralliocaris truncata Rathbun, 1906.]<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 7-8/0; carapace with<br />
strong supraorbital spine reaching proximal margin of cornea<br />
of anteriorly extended eyes; telson with posterior pair of<br />
dorsolateral spines arising posterior to mid-length; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of<br />
blade; 1st pereopod with fingers slightly longer than palm;<br />
major 2nd pereopod with merus unarmed; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl biunguiculate, not segmented, with 4-6 spine-like teeth<br />
on flexor margin but none at extreme proximal end of that<br />
margin; maximum postorbital carapace length about 2'/2 mm.<br />
TYPE LOCALITY.—Siboga Station 260; 2.3 miles (3.7 km) N,<br />
63°W from north point of Kai Besar, Kepulauan Kai,<br />
Indonesia; 5°36.5'S, 132°55.2'E; 90 m. Holotype in Zoological<br />
Museum, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar, Philippines, and Indonesia; 70-90 m.<br />
REMARKS.—Comparison of the female holotype of Coralliocaris<br />
truncata Rathbun, 1906:920, fig. 70, pi. 24: fig. 2, which<br />
has a postorbital carapace length of 2.0 mm, with the<br />
description and illustrations of the adult specimen assigned to<br />
that species by Holthuis (1952c) and Bruce (1981c) reveals that<br />
the Indonesian and Philippine specimens are not conspecific<br />
with the Hawaiian example. The latter is distinguished by<br />
having the rostrum armed with eight teeth, the three anteriormost<br />
forming a vertical row, the eighth being ventral and<br />
shorter than the sixth and seventh, as illustrated by Rathbun<br />
(Figure 70), rather than having the rostrum terminating in a<br />
sharp point, with all of the rostral teeth dorsal and posterior<br />
thereto. The supraorbital tooth is larger and not quite as long as<br />
in the Philippine-Indonesian specimens, not reaching as far as<br />
the anteriorly extended cornea of the eye. The antennal spine is<br />
large and submarginal. The telson is missing from the holotype.<br />
The dorsolateral branch of the antennular flagellum is fused for
94<br />
slightly more than two segments, rather than four segments, as<br />
described by Holthuis. The antennal scale most closely<br />
resembles the left one illustrated by Holthuis (Figure 48b). The<br />
third maxilliped is like that illustrated by Bruce (1981c, fig.<br />
16b), as is the first pereopod (Bruce, fig. 16c). The second<br />
pereopods are more or less covered with subacute granules in<br />
the holotype of C. truncata; the right (major) chela has the<br />
margin proximal to that of the fixed finger nearly straight,<br />
without a bulge, the movable finger with two subtriangular<br />
teeth on the proximal half of the opposable margin, the fixed<br />
finger with a small, blunt proximal tooth closing between the<br />
two on the movable finger and a convex, distally rectangular<br />
lobe occupying most of the distal half of the opposable margin,<br />
extensor margin notched to form two blunt distal lobes, hardly<br />
"two small teeth" (Rathbun, 1906:921); minor, left chela with<br />
fingers regularly tapering, crossing distally, one and one-fourth<br />
times as long as the palm, unarmed on the opposable margins,<br />
the merus with a slightly angular distal lobe on the flexor<br />
margin, the extensor margin with a rectangular lobe resulting<br />
from a gap similar to the one on the major cheliped. The third<br />
pereopod has the dactyl stout, little more than twice as long as<br />
wide, strongly convex on both margins, the terminal teeth<br />
strongly curved, the penultimate one subperpendicular to the<br />
flexor margin, the latter bearing four spine-like teeth, the<br />
proximal one and the distal one at the base of the penultimate<br />
terminal tooth distinctly smaller than the others. The uropod<br />
has the lateral margin curving onto the diaeresis, the curve<br />
being armed with a row of seven marginal spines, the three on<br />
the lateral margin being the smallest, the fourth broken, and the<br />
remaining three (on the diaeresis) being much longer. Perhaps<br />
the most important character for distinguishing P. truncoideus<br />
from P. truncatus is the dactyl of the third pereopod, in which<br />
the terminal teeth curve less strongly from the axis of the<br />
segment and the flexor margin is nearly straight rather than<br />
distinctly convex.<br />
ETYMOLOGY.—The Latin adjectival suffix "-oideus," denoting<br />
"like" or "resembling," is combined with the root of the<br />
specific name "truncatus."<br />
*Periclimenes O.G. Costa, 1844<br />
Pelias P. Roux, 1831:25 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1955:57: Alpheus<br />
amethystea Risso, 1827:77; gender: masculine. Invalid junior homonym of<br />
Pelias Merrem, 1820 (Reptilia)].<br />
Periclimenes O.G. Costa, 1844:290 [type species, by monotypy: Periclimenes<br />
insignis O.G. Costa, 1844:291 (= Alpheus amethystea Risso, 1827:77);<br />
gender: masculine].<br />
Anchistia Dana, 1852a: 17 [type species, selected by Kingsley, 1880:424:<br />
Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1852a:25; gender: feminine].<br />
Harpilius Dana, 1852a: 17 [type species, by monotypy: Harpilius lutescens<br />
Dana. 1852a:25; gender: masculine].<br />
Urocaris Stimpson, 1860:39 [type species, by original designation: Urocaris<br />
longicaudata Stimpson, 1860:39; gender: feminine].<br />
Dennisia Norman, 1861:278 [type species, by monotypy: Dennisia sagittifera<br />
Norman, 1861:278; gender: feminine].<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Ancylocaris Schenkel, 1902:563 [type species, by monotypy: Ancylocaris<br />
brevicarpalis Schenkel, 1902:563].<br />
Corniger Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Borradaile, 1917:365:<br />
Periclimenes (Corniger) ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915:211; gender:<br />
masculine. Invalid junior homonym of Corniger Agassiz, 1831 (Pisces) and<br />
Corniger Boehm, 1879 (Pycnogonida)].<br />
Cristiger Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1955:61:<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis Borradaile, 1915:211; gender: masculine.<br />
Invalid junior homonym of Cristiger G'ist\, 1848 (Hymenoptera)].<br />
Falciger Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, selected by Holthuis, 1955:61:<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis Borradaile, 1915:211; gender: masculine.<br />
Invalid junior homonym of Falciger Say, 1824 (Coleoptera), Falciger<br />
Bucholz, 1869 (Arachnoidea), and Falciger Trouessart and Megnin, 1883<br />
(Arachnoidea)].<br />
Laomenes Clark, 1919:199 [replacement name for Corniger, gender: masculine].<br />
Cuapetes Clark, 1919:199 [replacement name for Corniger; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, usually overreaching<br />
anteriorly extended eyes, compressed laterally; carapace<br />
moderately compressed, dorsal profile straight or slightly<br />
convex, with or without 1 or more teeth of dorsal rostral series<br />
continuing onto gastric region, anterior margin not produced<br />
anteroventrally as prominent convex lobe and not deeply<br />
concave (notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal suture,<br />
with antennal and immovable hepatic spines, orbital margin<br />
usually not interrupted posteriorly; telson not curving ventrad,<br />
posterior margin not incised, median and submedian pairs of<br />
posterior spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not<br />
particularly robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like<br />
processes; antennal scale well developed; mandible without<br />
palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite with or<br />
without slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus<br />
entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, chelae not borne<br />
in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not<br />
provided with socket and plunger closure, movable finger<br />
normal, not semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7<br />
segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing<br />
hoof-shaped protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing<br />
at least 1 movable lateral spine.<br />
RANGE.—All tropical and most subtropical seas; littoral to<br />
1820 meters, usually but not always associated with other<br />
marine invertebrates.<br />
REMARKS.—Of the 164 valid species of Periclimenes<br />
recognized herein, the 57 covered in the following key are here<br />
considered to occur in the Philippines or Indonesia. The Siboga<br />
specimens identified by Holthuis (1952c:64) as Periclimenes<br />
(Harpilius) ? calmani are not included in this key because they<br />
probably represent a distinct species. They are not now<br />
sufficiently intact, however, to permit determination of their<br />
exact status (Bruce, 1987c: 124). Also, the Siboga specimen<br />
identified as Periclimenes (Periclimenes) parvus by Holthuis<br />
(1952c:40) is omitted from the Philippine-Indonesian list<br />
because it may be distinct from Borradaile's species.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 95<br />
Key to Philippine-Indonesian Species of Periclimenes<br />
1. Carapace with supraorbital or postorbital tooth 2<br />
Carapace without supraorbital or postorbital tooth, at most with obscure tubercle<br />
13<br />
2. One or 2 teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin<br />
3<br />
All dorsal rostral teeth situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to posterior orbital<br />
margin 10<br />
3. Second pereopod with distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 4<br />
Second pereopod without distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 9<br />
4. Second pereopod with carpus armed distally with 1 -3 teeth 5<br />
Second pereopod with carpus unarmed distally 8<br />
5. Fifth pereopod reaching as far as or beyond end of antennal scale 6<br />
Fifth pereopod not reaching as far as end of antennal scale 7<br />
6. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series situated posterior to level of hepatic<br />
spine; 2nd pereopod without sound-producing fossae on opposable margins of<br />
both fingers 108. P. andamanensis<br />
Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series situated in line with or anterior to level<br />
of hepatic spine; 2nd pereopod with sound-producing fossae on opposable<br />
margins of both fingers 154. P. spiniferus<br />
7. Second pereopod with carpus armed with 2 distal spines . . . . *122. P. elegans<br />
Second pereopod with carpus armed with 1 distal spine 128. P. grandis<br />
8. Second pereopod with carpus about 5 times as long as distal width; uropod<br />
overreaching extended telson 123. P. ensifrons<br />
Second pereopod with carpus 7-8 times as long as distal width; uropod not<br />
overreaching extended telson 140. P. longirostris<br />
9. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series isolated from rest of series; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral tooth far overreaching distal margin of blade<br />
*107. P. amymone<br />
Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series not isolated from rest of series; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral tooth reaching to or slightly beyond level of distal margin<br />
of blade 143. P. nilandensis<br />
10. Eye with cornea more or less produced distally, ogival; basal antennular segment<br />
armed with 1 distolateral spine 11<br />
Eye with cornea nearly hemispherical, not ogival; basal antennular segment armed<br />
with 2 or 3 distolateral spines 12<br />
11. Rostrum with 1 ventral tooth; telson without discernible spines anterior to posterior<br />
margin 106. P. amboinensis<br />
Rostrum unarmed ventrally; telson with 2 pairs of distinct lateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin 114. P. ceratophthalmus<br />
12. Rostrum with 1-3 ventral teeth; basal antennular segment armed with 2 distolateral<br />
spines; 2nd pereopod with fingers about as long as palm<br />
115. P. commensalis<br />
Rostrum unarmed ventrally; basal antennular segment armed with 3 distolateral<br />
spines; 2nd pereopod with fingers no more than x li as long as palm<br />
118. P. cristimanus<br />
13. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace anterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine 14<br />
Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace at or posterior to<br />
level of hepatic spine 31<br />
14. Second pereopod with distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 15<br />
Second pereopod without distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 19
96 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
15. Rostrum with 1 or 2 teeth on ventral margin 16<br />
Rostrum with 3-9 teeth on ventral margin 17<br />
16. Telson with anterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising anterior to midlength; 2nd<br />
pereopod with carpus longer than palm, about 9 times as long as distal width<br />
120. P. digitalis<br />
Telson with anterior pair of dorsolateral spines arising slightly posterior to<br />
midlength; 2nd pereopod with carpus x li as long as palm, 1 '/2 times as long as<br />
distal width 141. P. lutescens<br />
17. Dorsal rostral series consisting of 9-12 teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus armed<br />
distally with 1 obscure tooth *155. P. tenuipes<br />
Dorsal rostral series consisting of 6-8 teeth; 2nd pereopod with carpus armed<br />
distally with 2 teeth 18<br />
18. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth not overreaching blade . 137. P. kororensis<br />
Antennal scale with distolateral tooth reaching distinctly beyond truncate distal<br />
margin of blade 147. P. platycheles<br />
19. Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate (abnormally so in P. albatrossae)<br />
20<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 27<br />
20. Telson with more than 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin<br />
21<br />
Telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin 22<br />
21. Rostrum overreaching antennal scale; telson with 7 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl truncate subdistally, propodus<br />
without spinules on flexor margin . . . *104. P. albatrossae, new species<br />
Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale; telson with 3-5 pairs of dorsolateral<br />
spines anterior to posterior margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not truncate<br />
subdistally, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin .... 105. P. alcocki<br />
22. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series not distinctly isolated from rest of series;<br />
orbital angle not ovate 23<br />
Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series more widely separated from next anterior<br />
tooth than any other pairs of adjacent teeth of series; orbital angle subovate, with<br />
or without acute tip 24<br />
23. Rostrum not slender or rod-like; carapace with hepatic spine located posteroventral<br />
to antennal spine; 3rd pereopod with accessory tooth on dactyl stouter than distal<br />
tooth * 131. P. incertus<br />
Rostrum slender, rod-like; carapace with hepatic spine located directly posterior to<br />
antennal spine; 3rd pereopod with accessory tooth on dactyl weaker than distal<br />
tooth 139. P. latipollex<br />
24. Abdomen without compressed prominence on 3rd somite; antennal scale more than<br />
3 times as long as wide 25<br />
Abdomen with low, compressed median prominence on 3rd somite; antennal scale<br />
less than 3 times as long as wide 26<br />
25. Second pereopod with carpus nearly or quite twice as long as palm<br />
132. P. indicus<br />
Second pereopod with carpus less than x li as long as palm<br />
*157. P. toloensis<br />
26. Hepatic spine larger than antennal spine; antennal scale with lateral margin convex<br />
142. P. magnificus<br />
Hepatic spine no larger than antenna] spine; antennal scale with lateral margin<br />
straight 159. P. venustus<br />
27. Rostrum directed anteroventrad; carapace with hepatic spine larger than antennal<br />
spine; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl sinuous .... 124. P.foresti
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 97<br />
Rostrum directed anteriad or anterodorsad; carapace with hepatic spine not<br />
noticeably larger than antennal spine; 3rd pereopod with flexor margin of dactyl<br />
regularly concave 28<br />
28. Rostrum of typical palaemonid form, ventral margin armed with 3-5 (very rarely 2)<br />
teeth 29<br />
Rostrum slender, ventral margin armed with 0-2 teeth 30<br />
29. Only 1 tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin;<br />
eyestalk without dorsal tubercle; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale . . .<br />
134. P. johnsoni<br />
Two teeth of dorsal rostral series situated on carapace posterior to orbital margin;<br />
eyestalk with distinct dorsal tubercle; 1st pereopod not overreaching antennal<br />
scale 150. P. seychellensis<br />
30. Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, ventral margin unarmed; carapace with<br />
hepatic spine located almost directly posterior to antennal spine; 6th abdominal<br />
somite about twice as long as 5th; antennal scale moderately wide with straight<br />
lateral margin, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of<br />
blade; 2nd pereopod with carpus unarmed distally, nearly 3 times as long as palm<br />
*148. P. psamathe<br />
Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale, ventral margin bearing 2 teeth; carapace<br />
with hepatic spine located posteroventral to antennal spine; 6th abdominal somite<br />
only slightly longer than 5th; antennal scale very narrow with lateral margin<br />
strongly concave, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching blade; 2nd pereopod<br />
with carpus armed with 3 distal spines, less than '/2 as long as palm<br />
151. P. sibogae<br />
31. Second pereopod with acute distal tooth on flexor margin of merus 32<br />
Second pereopod without acute distal tooth on flexor margin merus 35<br />
32. Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 33<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 34<br />
33. Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin, 1 or 2 teeth on ventral margin of rostrum; carapace with hepatic spine<br />
located posteroventral to antennal spine; antennal scale with distolateral tooth<br />
distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd pereopod without spinules on<br />
flexor margin of propodus 116. P. consobrinus<br />
All dorsal rostral teeth arising from rostrum, proper, anterior to level of posterior<br />
orbital margin, 4 or 5 teeth on ventral margin of rostrum; carapace with hepatic<br />
spine located directly posterior or even posterodorsal to antennal spine; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral tooth reaching about as far as level of distal margin of blade;<br />
3rd pereopod with spinules on flexor margin of propodus<br />
149. P. rectirostris<br />
34. Rostrum horizontal, rostral formula: 0 + 5-6/1; antennal scale with distolateral<br />
tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 2nd pereopod with carpus<br />
armed with 2 distal spines 127. P. gracUis<br />
Rostrum directed anteroventrad, rostral formula: 0 + 7-10/0-1; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral tooth reaching nearly or quite to level of distal margin of blade; 2nd<br />
pereopod with carpus unarmed distally *138. P. lanipes<br />
35. Epigastric tooth on carapace widely separated from dorsal rostral series .... 36<br />
Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series not widely separated from rest of series<br />
37<br />
36. Rostrum with ventral margin nearly straight, unarmed; carapace with hepatic spine<br />
located directly posterior or posterodorsal to antennal spine; 1st pereopod not<br />
reaching level of distal end of antennal scale 126. P. galene<br />
Rostrum with ventral margin concave, bearing 2 small subapical spines; carapace<br />
with hepatic spine located posteroventral to antennal spine; 1st pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers 158. P. tosaensis
98 <strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
37. Hepatic spine extending beyond anterior margin of carapace; 3rd pereopod with<br />
denticulate lobe on flexor margin of dactyl 38<br />
Hepatic spine not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace; 3rd pereopod<br />
without denticulate lobe on flexor margin of dactyl 40<br />
38. Antennal scale with distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of blade little if at<br />
all; uropods distinctly overreaching telson 129. P. hertwigi<br />
Antennal scale with distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade;<br />
uropods overreaching telson little if at all 39<br />
39. Rostrum not reaching level of distal end of antennal scale, armed ventrally with 1<br />
tooth; telson with both pairs of lateral spines arising in posterior l /2 of length<br />
*113. P. calcaratus, new species<br />
Rostrum overreaching antennal scale, armed ventrally with 3 teeth; telson with<br />
anterior pair of lateral spines arising in anterior '/2 of length<br />
*119. P. dentidactylus<br />
40. Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, accessory tooth sometimes minute (P.<br />
attenuatus, P. soror) 41<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl simple, not biunguiculate 49<br />
41. Basal antennular segment armed with 2 or 3 distolateral teeth 42<br />
Basal antennular segment armed with 1 distolateral tooth 44<br />
42. Rostrum palaemonoid, with 1 or 2 ventral teeth 146. P. pilipes<br />
Rostrum not typically palaemonoid, without ventral teeth 43<br />
43. Rostrum spike-like, armed dorsally with 3 widely spaced teeth, ventral margin<br />
straight, without keel; 6th abdominal somite more than twice as long as 5th;<br />
antennal scale about 4 times as long as wide, lateral margin sinuous, distolateral<br />
tooth nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins<br />
109. P. attenuatus<br />
Rostrum compressed, armed dorsally with 10-13 anteriorly crowded teeth,<br />
ventrally with convex keel; 6th abdominal somite less than twice as long as 5th;<br />
antennal scale about 2'/3 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight,<br />
distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade, fingers<br />
pectinate on opposable margins 153. P. soror<br />
44. Rostrum nearly horizontal, directed anteriad rather than anteroventrad; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers nearly or quite as long as palm 45<br />
Rostrum directed somewhat anteroventrad; 2nd pereopod with fingers no more than<br />
2 /3 as long as palm 47<br />
45. Rostrum with ventral margin concave in anterior x li\ hepatic spine larger than<br />
antennal spine; abdomen with compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite<br />
*130. P. holthuisi<br />
Rostrum with ventral margin convex in anterior l /r, hepatic spine no larger than<br />
antennal spine; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite<br />
46<br />
46. Rostrum armed with 6 dorsal teeth, all situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to<br />
posterior orbital margin; 2nd pereopod with 1 distal spine on carpus<br />
110. P. batei<br />
Rostrum armed with 9 or 10 dorsal teeth, posteriormost situated on carapace<br />
posterior to orbital margin; 2nd pereopod without distal spine on carpus<br />
*152. P. sinensis<br />
47. Integument pitted on lateral areas of carapace and abdomen; rostrum with 3-6<br />
ventral teeth; hepatic spine larger than antennal spine; extended 2nd pereopod with<br />
carpus less than twice as long as distal width 125. P.foveolatus<br />
Integument not pitted; rostrum with 1 or 2 ventral teeth; hepatic spine not noticeably<br />
larger than antennal spine; extended 2nd pereopod with carpus more than twice as<br />
long as distal width 48
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 99<br />
48. Antennal scale with lateral margin slightly convex; 1st pereopod with fingers not<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 3rd pereopod with dactyl nearly straight on flexor<br />
margin proximal to accessory tooth 117. P. coriolis<br />
Antennal scale with lateral margin slightly concave; 1st pereopod with fingers<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 3rd pereopod with dactyl sinuous on flexor<br />
margin proximal to accessory tooth 145. P. pectiniferus<br />
49. Rostrum without ventral keel below midrib; 2nd pereopod with fingers 3 times as<br />
long as palm 156. P. tenuis<br />
Rostrum with ventral keel; 2nd pereopod with fingers less than twice as long as<br />
palm, usually shorter than palm 50<br />
50. Rostrum with midrib nearly horizontal, directed more anteriad than anteroventrad<br />
51<br />
Rostrum with midrib directed somewhat anteroventrad 54<br />
51. Rostrum with dorsal margin faintly convex, nearly straight 52<br />
Rostrum with dorsal margin distinctly convex 53<br />
52. Rostrum with ventral margin nearly straight, subparallel with dorsal margin;<br />
antennal scale 3 times as long as wide; 4th thoracic sternite without notch in<br />
anterior margin; 2nd pereopods unequal *103. P. affinis<br />
Rostrum with ventral margin distinctly convex; antennal scale 2 72 times as long as<br />
wide; 4th thoracic sternite with median notch in anterior margin; 2nd pereopods<br />
subequal 144. P. ornatus<br />
53. First pereopod with fingers pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers nearly as long as palm, carpus 1 x li times as long as distal width<br />
111. P. brevicarpalis<br />
First pereopod with fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers ! /2 as long as palm, carpus 3 times as long as distal width<br />
136. P. tempi<br />
54. Rostrum overreaching antennal scale; 3rd pereopod with blunt subdistal projection<br />
on flexor margin of dactyl 112. P. brockii<br />
Rostrum not overreaching antennal scale; 3rd pereopod without subdistal projection<br />
on flexor margin of dactyl 55<br />
55. Dorsal margin of rostrum distinctly convex; hepatic spine arising directly posterior<br />
to antennal spine 121. P. diversipes<br />
Dorsal margin of rostrum faintly convex; hepatic spine arising posteroventral to<br />
antennal spine 56<br />
56. All dorsal rostral teeth confined to rostrum, proper, anterior to orbital margin;<br />
hepatic spine arising only slightly below level of antennal spine; 6th abdominal<br />
somite 1 x \i times as long as 5th; 1st pereopod with fingers pectinate on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopod with carpus little longer than distal width<br />
133. P. inornatus<br />
Posteriormost tooth of dorsal rostral series arising from carapace posterior to orbital<br />
margin; hepatic spine arising distinctly below level of antennal spine; 6th<br />
abdominal somite about twice as long as 5th; 1st pereopod with fingers pectinate<br />
on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with carpus more than 3 times as long as<br />
distal width 135. P. jugalis<br />
<strong>•</strong>103. Periclimenes affinis (Zehntner, 1894) scale, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 0-1 + 6-7/1-2,<br />
„ ^ . „ L ton.^o, , , » .. , ., <strong>•</strong> -,<br />
Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894:208 [type locality: Ambon, Indonesia].<br />
posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal<br />
r , . . .... .. . , ...<br />
D . .. ,„ .,..„.. „ ... . ,„,„, r _<br />
Periclimenes (Harpihus) affinis.—Holthuis, 1958:6, fig. 2.<br />
rostra series, situated in line with or anterior to level of hepatic<br />
r<br />
Periclimenes affinis.-Bruce, i980a:2, figs. 1-3.<br />
s P ine - carapace without supraorbital spine, hepatic spine not<br />
noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal orbital angle ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal
100<br />
prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite 1 1 /2 times as long as 5th;<br />
telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior<br />
margin, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with<br />
cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle<br />
with 1 or 2 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal<br />
scale 3 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight,<br />
distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade;<br />
4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on<br />
opposable margins; 2nd pereopods unequal, fingers l /2 as long<br />
as palm, carpus less than x li as long as palm, about 1 3 A times as<br />
long as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal<br />
tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin somewhat sinuous,<br />
propodus with few indistinct spinules on flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; 5th pereopod reaching nearly to distal end of<br />
antennal scale; uropod barely overreaching extended telson;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length about 4 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
sta 5147; 5°41'4(TN, 120°47 / 10"E; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb<br />
1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3 ovig<br />
females [2.0-3.3].<br />
RANGE.—Northern South China Sea; Sulu Archipelago,<br />
Philippines; Ambon, Indonesia; Great Barrier Reef, Australia;<br />
and New Caledonia; associated with comatulid crinoids.<br />
<strong>•</strong>104. Periclimenes albatrossae, new species<br />
FIGURE 20<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum (Figure 20a) overreaching<br />
antennal scale, somewhat palaemonoid, directed slightly<br />
anterodorsad anteriorly, rostral formula 1 + 2 + 7/4-5,<br />
posteriormost tooth isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral<br />
series, situated far posterior to hepatic spine; carapace without<br />
supraorbital spine, hepatic spine much larger than antennal<br />
spine, arising only slightly posteroventral to latter, not<br />
extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
ovate; abdomen (Figure 20c) without compressed dorsal<br />
prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite more than 1 '/2 times as<br />
long as 5th; telson (Figure 20d) with 7 pairs of small lateral<br />
spines; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally,<br />
no wider than eyestalk, and lightly pigmented, antennular<br />
peduncle (Figure 20g) with 1 distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale (Figure 20/) about 2'/3 times as long as<br />
wide, lateral margin convex proximally, distolateral tooth not<br />
reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
without slender median process; 1st pereopod (Figure 20p,q)<br />
overreaching antennal scale by about length of chela, fingers<br />
not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods (Figure<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
20r,s) subequal (left slightly longer than right because of<br />
proportionately longer carpus), overreaching antennal scale by<br />
length of chela, fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as<br />
long as palm, about 1 4 A times as long as distal width, without<br />
distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod (Figure 20/,M) with dactyl subdistally truncate,<br />
without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, obscurely biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin straight, convex distally, propodus without<br />
spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod (Figure 20d)<br />
reaching little, if at all, beyond extended telson; postorbital<br />
carapace length 10.9 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. South China Sea off western<br />
Luzon; sta 5440; 16°33'52"N, 119°52'54"E; 315 m; fine gray<br />
sand, globigerina; 11.8°C; 10 May 1909 (1401-1421); 12'<br />
Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag; 1 ovig female holotype (10.9].<br />
USNM 252658.<br />
TYPE LOCALITY.—Same as above.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique ovigcrous female<br />
holotype from off western Luzon, Philippines; 315 meters.<br />
REMARKS.—There is strong superficial similarity between<br />
P. albatrossae and P. alcocki. These two species are<br />
distinguished from all other members of the Pontoniinac by<br />
having four or more pairs of dorsolateral spines on the telson.<br />
Periclimenes albatrossae apparently differs in the slightly<br />
longer and more nearly horizontal rostrum; more prominent<br />
and subspatulate ventral orbital angle; seven rather than four or<br />
five pairs of dorsolateral spines and subcordiform intermediate<br />
posterior spines on the telson; three rather than four teeth on the<br />
incisor process of the mandible; the second percopods neither<br />
tuberculate nor setose and the movable finger not markedly<br />
spatuiate; and, especially, in the apparently unique form of the<br />
dactyls of the posterior pereopods, which superficially resemble<br />
those of P. hertwigi more closely than those of P. alcocki,<br />
as illustrated by Kubo (1940b, fig. 2n), and in the absence of<br />
spinules on the flexor margin of the propodus of those<br />
pereopods.<br />
There is a temptation to assign more than specific importance<br />
to the two species of Periclimenes (P. albatrossae and P.<br />
alcocki) that have more than the usual pontoniine complement<br />
of two pairs of dorsolateral spines on the telson. That single<br />
character may be no more important, however, than the striking<br />
difference in the form of the dactyl of the posterior pereopods<br />
of those two species.<br />
ETYMOLOGY.—Periclimenes albatrossae is named for the<br />
U.S. Fisheries Steamer Albatross to honor the men who served<br />
on that vessel from 1882 to 1920. We like to believe that the<br />
diligence and expertise still reflected in the specimens gathered<br />
in remote areas by those professional collectors are widely<br />
recognized for the major contribution that they represent to our<br />
knowledge of what Howard Evans so appropriately referred to<br />
as "Life on a Little-known Planet."
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 101<br />
FIGURE 20.—Peridimenes albalrossae, new species, ovigerous female holotype from Albatross sta 5440 (South<br />
China Sea off western Luzon), carapace length 10.9 mm: a. carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b,<br />
rostrum, lateral aspect: c, abdomen, lateral aspect: d. tail fan; e, distoiateral angle of lateral branch of uropod:/,<br />
posterior end of telson; g, right antennule, dorsal aspect; h. left antennule, flagella; i, right antenna, ventral aspect:<br />
j, right mandible: k. right 1st maxilla; /, right 2nd maxilla; m. right 1st maxilliped; n. right 2nd maxilliped; o, right<br />
3rd maxilliped; p. right 1st pereopod; q, same, chela: r. right 2nd pereopod; 5. same, fingers; /, left 3rd pereopod;<br />
it. same, dactyl; v, right 4th pereopod; w. same, dactyl.
102<br />
105. Periclimenes alcocki Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) alcocki Kemp, 1922:154, figs. 21-24 [type<br />
locality: Laccadive Sea; 9°34'57"N. 75°36'30"E; 743 m].—Kubo, 1940b:33,<br />
figs. 1, 2.<br />
Periclimenes alcocki.—Bruce, 1981c: 190, figs. 1.2; 1985b:231, fig. 1.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly anteroventrad except near<br />
tip, rostral formula 2 + 6-8/2-4, posteriormost tooth somewhat<br />
isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated<br />
posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital<br />
or post-orbital spine, hepatic spine larger than antennal<br />
spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond<br />
anterior margin of carapace; orbital angle ovate; abdomen<br />
without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th<br />
somite about 1 x li times as long as 5th; telson with 3-5 pairs of<br />
lateral spines; eye with cornea small, hemispherical, not<br />
produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine<br />
on basal segment; antennal scale little more than twice as long<br />
as wide, lateral margin convex, distolateral tooth not reaching<br />
level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal<br />
scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopods unequal, with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus 'A<br />
as long as palm, barely longer than distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
slightly concave, propodus with very few spinules at distal end<br />
of flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching<br />
antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length about 12 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Madagascar, Laccadive Sea, Japan, Philippines,<br />
and Australia; 190-743 meters.<br />
106. Periclimenes amboinensis (De Man, 1888)<br />
Anchistia amboinensis De Man, 1888b:546, pi. 22a: fig. 2 [type locality:<br />
Ambon, Indonesia].<br />
Periclimenes amboinensis.—Bruce, 1983c:874, 898, 899, figs. 1-3, 7E.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, directed somewhat anteroventrad, rostral formula 0 + 6/1,<br />
posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal<br />
rostral series, situated distinctly anterior to posterior orbital<br />
margin, lateral carina expanded posteriorly into supraorbital<br />
eave and spine; carapace with supraorbital tooth, hepatic spine<br />
not much larger than antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral<br />
to latter, extending nearly to anterior margin of<br />
carapace, orbital angle acute, not ovate; telson without<br />
dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin; eye with<br />
cornea angularly produced distally, not hemispherical; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale with lateral margin faintly convex, distolateral<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by about length of chela; 2nd<br />
pereopods unequal, fingers about 2 h as long as palm, carpus<br />
much less than '/2 as long as palm, little longer than distal<br />
width, without distal spines, merus with stout tooth directed<br />
distally from flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
obscurely biunguiculate, flexor margin sinuous, propodus with<br />
indistinct spinules near distal end of flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; uropod barely overreaching extended telson;<br />
maximum carapace length about 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Indonesia and Great Barrier Reef of Australia;<br />
associated with comatulid crinoids. Devaney and Bruce (1987:<br />
222, 230) tentatively recorded the species from Enewetak<br />
Atoll, Marshall Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under P. ceratophthalmus.<br />
<strong>•</strong>107. Periclimenes amymone De Man, 1902<br />
Periclimenes amymone De Man. 1902:829, pi. 25: fig. 53 [type locality:<br />
Tfernate, Indonesia].—Bruce. 1981f:262, fig. IE-1 I983c:875. fig. 7C.<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) amymone.—Holthuis. 1952c:82, fig. 32.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale<br />
or not, palaemonoid, directed anterodorsal in anterior '/2,<br />
rostral formula 1 + 5-7/2-4, posteriormost tooth isolated from<br />
remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine; carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine<br />
not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising slightly<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle rounded, not ovate; abdomen without<br />
compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite l 2 /5<br />
times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to<br />
mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale nearly 4 times as long as wide, lateral<br />
margin concave, distolateral tooth far overreaching distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite with slender median<br />
process; 1 st pereopod slightly overreaching antennal scale, 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers fully '/2 as long as palm, carpus fully x h<br />
as long as palm, nearly 2'/2 times as long as distal width, with<br />
3 distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin sinuous, propodus with single spinule at distal end of<br />
flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching<br />
antennal scale; uropod reaching about to posterior margin of<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
3 l /2 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'/4-2'/2 m; scattered<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 103<br />
taken ashore: 1 male [3.0] 1 ovig female [3.5].<br />
RANGE.—Nicobar Islands, Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia,<br />
Australia, New Caledonia, Soloman and Samoa; usually<br />
associated with scleractinian corals.<br />
108. Periclimenes andamanensis Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) andamanensis Kemp, 1922:204, figs. 54-57 [type<br />
locality: Ross Channel, Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 meters].<br />
Periclimenes andamanensis.—Brace, 1977j:269.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching level of distal end<br />
of antennal scale or beyond, slenderly palaemonoid, directed<br />
slightly anterodorsad in anterior '/2, rostral formula 1 +<br />
6-8/2-4, posteriormost tooth somewhat isolated from remainder<br />
of dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic<br />
spine; carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger<br />
than antennal spine, arising almost directly posterior to latter,<br />
not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
rounded, not ovate; abdomen with 6th somite about 1 3 A times<br />
as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior<br />
to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length;<br />
eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale 5-5'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin<br />
slightly concave, distolateral tooth far overreaching distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite with slender median<br />
process; 1st pereopod far overreaching antennal scale; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers '/2- 3 /4 as long as palm, carpus 4 /5-l'/5<br />
times as long as palm, 6-7'/2 times as long as distal width, with<br />
1 or 2 distal spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin;<br />
3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without<br />
denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin regularly concave, propodus with spinules on<br />
flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod reaching about to<br />
distal end of antennal scale or beyond; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Madagascar, Andaman Islands, Ryukyu Islands,<br />
and Queensland, Australia; the only Indonesian record is based<br />
on a specimen identified by J. Roux and reported by<br />
Dammerman (1929:117 and 1948:511, fig. 43) from a brackish<br />
pool on Pulau Sertung in Selat Sunda.<br />
109. Periclimenes attenuates Bruce, 1971<br />
Periclimenes attenuatus Bruce, 1971d:533, figs. 1-5 [type locality: Waterhouse<br />
Cove, Burukuk, Duke of York Group, St. George's Channel, Bismarck<br />
Archipelago; 4°7.3'S, 152°27.3'E; associated with crinoids in 1-2 m];<br />
1983c:879.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum short, not overreaching<br />
anteriorly extended eyes, slender, directed slightly anteroventrad,<br />
rostral formula 0 + 3/0, teeth subequally spaced; carapace<br />
without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine smaller<br />
than antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral to latter, not<br />
extending to anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
subovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on<br />
3rd somite, 6th somite nearly 2'/3 times as long as 5th; telson<br />
with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines, anterior pair arising at about<br />
mid-length; eye large, cornea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally; antennular peduncle with 1 or 2 distal spines mesial to<br />
usual distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale 4<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin sinuous, distolateral tooth<br />
not quite reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not pectinate<br />
on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods unequal and dissimilar,<br />
major one with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus '/3 as long as<br />
palm, about 1 '/2 times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl lacking denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
minutely biunguiculate distally, flexor margin nearly straight,<br />
propodus without spinules on flexor margin, not segmented;<br />
5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length 2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Seram, Indonesia; Bismarck Archipelago; and<br />
Great Barrier Reef, Australia; associated with comatulid<br />
crinoids.<br />
110. Periclimenes batei (Borradaile, 1917)<br />
Palaemonella orientalis Bate, 1888:787, pi. 128: fig. 4 [not Palaemonella<br />
orienlalis Dana, 1852].<br />
Palaemonella batei Borradaile, 1917:357,358 [type locality: off Sibago Island,<br />
Sulu Archipelago, Philippines; 6°47TM, 122°28'E].<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) batei.—Holthuis, 1959:195, fig. 1.<br />
Periclimenes batei.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:98.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 6/1, posteriormost<br />
tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic<br />
spine no larger than antennal spine, not extending beyond<br />
anterior margin of carapace; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about twice as<br />
long as 5th; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide, lateral<br />
margin faintly concave, distolateral tooth not overreaching<br />
distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal<br />
scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers about 4 /5 as long as palm, subequal to<br />
carpus in length, latter about 3'/2 times as long as distal width,<br />
with 1 distal tooth, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin;<br />
3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without<br />
denticulate lobe on flexor margin, sharply biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin straight proximally, concave distally; uropod probably<br />
overreaching extended telson; postorbital carapace length<br />
about 1 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality in the Sulu
104<br />
Archipelago, Philippines, in 47 m.<br />
REMARKS.—The probability that the unique holotype of P.<br />
batei is a juvenile suggests that the adult characters of the<br />
species and, therefore, its relationship with other members of<br />
the genus may remain uncertain for an unpredictable period.<br />
111. Periclimenes brevicarpalis (Schenkel, 1902)<br />
Palaemonella amboinensis Zehntner, 1894:206, pi. 9: fig. 27 [type locality:<br />
Ambon, Indonesia; not Periclimenes amboinensis De Man, 1888].<br />
Ancylocaris brevicarpalis Schenkel, 1902:563, pi. 13: fig. 21 [type locality:<br />
Makasar. Celebes].<br />
Palaemonella aberrans Nobili, 1904:233 [type locality: Djibouti].<br />
Harpilius latirostris Lenz, 1905:380, pi. 47: fig. 14 [type locality: Mkokotoni<br />
and Bawi, Zanzibar].<br />
Periclimenes potina Nobili, 1905b: 159 [type locality: southeast coast of<br />
Arabia].<br />
Periclimenes hermitensis Rathbun, 1914:655, pi. 1: figs. 1-3 [type locality:<br />
Hermite, Monte Bello Islands, Western Australia].<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) brevicarpalis.—Kemp, 1922:185, figs. 40-42, pi.<br />
6: fig. 8.<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) brevicarpalis.—Holthuis, 1952c:69, fig. 27.<br />
Periclimenes brevicarpalis.—Bruce, 1983c:879, fig. 7D,E.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 1 +<br />
4-7/1-2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine no larger than antennal spine, arising<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without<br />
compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about<br />
1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of inconspicuous<br />
dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, both pairs<br />
arising in posterior x li of length; eye with cornea hemispherical,<br />
not produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral<br />
spine on basal segment; antennal scale slightly less than 2'/2<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral<br />
tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th<br />
thoracic stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopods similar, subequal, fingers slightly<br />
shorter than palm, carpus about '/2 as long as palm, about 1 '/2<br />
times as long as distal width, without distal spines, merus<br />
without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl<br />
not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor<br />
margin, usually simple, rarely biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
slightly sinuous, propodus without spinules or with single<br />
distal pair on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not<br />
reaching distal end of antennal scale; uropod overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
8'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea, eastern and South Africa, Ryukyu<br />
Islands and Honshu, Japan, south to Capricorn Islands, Great<br />
Barrier Reef, Australia, and east to Line Islands; associated<br />
with sea anemones.<br />
REMARKS.—Bruce (1983c:880) suggested that more than<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
one species may be represented by the name P. brevicarpalis<br />
and that one or more of the five names generally synonymized<br />
with Schenkel's name may have to be resurrected.<br />
112. Periclimenes brockii (De Man, 1888)<br />
Anchistia Brockii De Man, 1888b:548, pi. 22a: fig. 3 [type locality: Ambon,<br />
Indonesia].<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) brocki.—Holthuis, 1952c:88.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale,<br />
modified palaemonoid, directed somewhat anteroventrad,<br />
rostral formula 0 + 9-10/1, posteriormost tooth not isolated<br />
from remainder of dorsal rostral series; carapace without<br />
supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising short distance posteroventral to latter,<br />
not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
subacute, not ovate; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin; eye with cornea hemispherical, not<br />
produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine<br />
on basal segment; antennal scale with lateral margin nearly<br />
straight, distolateral tooth reaching about to level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale, fingers not<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers '/2<br />
as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long as palm, about as long<br />
as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth<br />
on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl obscurely truncate<br />
subdistally, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple,<br />
not biunguiculate, flexor margin nearly straight, propodus<br />
without spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod<br />
overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length about 2'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality: Ambon,<br />
Indonesia, to a depth of 78 m, from which depth in the Maldive<br />
Islands, it was reported by Borradaile (1917:363) to be<br />
associated with an echinoid.<br />
<strong>•</strong>113. Periclimenes calcaratus, new species<br />
FIGURE 21<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum (Figure 21a) not overreaching<br />
antennal scale, slender, directed slightly anteroventrad from<br />
horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 5/1, posteriormost tooth not<br />
isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series; carapace<br />
without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger<br />
than antennal spine, arising immediately posteroventral to<br />
latter, extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital<br />
angle slightly subovate; abdomen (Figure 21c) without<br />
compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about<br />
l'/3 times as long as 5th; telson (Figure 2ld) with 2 pairs of<br />
lateral spines anterior to posterior margin, both pairs arising in<br />
posterior '/2 of length; eye with comea hemispherical, not<br />
produced distally; antennular peduncle (Figure 21e) with 1
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 105<br />
FIGURE 21.—Peridimenes calcaratus, new species, male holotype from Albatross sta 5453 (Albay Gulf),<br />
carapace length 4.2 mm: a, anterior carapace and appendages, lateral aspect; b. anterior carapace, dorsal aspect;<br />
c, abdomen, lateral aspect; d, tail fan; e. right antennule, dorsal aspect; /, right antenna, ventral aspect; g, right<br />
mandible; h, right 1st maxilla; i, right 2nd maxilla; j, right 1st maxilliped; k, right 2nd maxilliped; /, right 3rd<br />
maxilliped; m, right 1st pereopod; n, left 2nd pereopod; o, same, fingers; p. right 3rd pereopod; q, same, dactyl;<br />
r, same, distal portion; s. 5th pereopod; t, same, distal portion of dactyl; u, right 5th pereopod; v. same, distal<br />
portion of dactyl; H\ right 1 st pleopod; x, same, endopod; v, right 2nd pleopod; z, same, appendix masculina and<br />
appendix interna.
106<br />
distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale (Figure 2 If)<br />
nearly 2 2 /3 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight,<br />
distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade;<br />
1st pereopod (Figure 2lm) overreaching antennal scale by<br />
length of chela and about '/3 of carpus, fingers not pectinate on<br />
opposable margins; 2nd pereopod (Figure 2\n) overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of chela and about '/2 of carpus, fingers<br />
(Figure 21 o) about 3 /5 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long<br />
as palm, about 1 Vs times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod (Figure 21p) overreaching antennal scale by length of<br />
dactyl and about 4 /5 of propodus, dactyl (Figure 21r) clearly<br />
truncate subdistally, with denticulate lobe on flexor margin, not<br />
conventionally biunguiculate, flexor margin slightly convex,<br />
propodus with few small, indistinct spinules on flexor margin,<br />
not segmented; 5th pereopod (Figure 21K) overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of dactyl and about */4 of propodus;<br />
uropod not overreaching extended telson (Figure 2\d); postorbital<br />
carapace length 4.2 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Albay Gulf, east of southern<br />
Luzon: sta 5453; 13°12'N, 123°49'18"E; [267 m]; 7 Jun 1909<br />
(0944-1004); 12' Agassiz beam trawl: 1 male holotype [4.2],<br />
USNM 252659.<br />
TYPE LOCALITY.—Same as above.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique male holotype from<br />
Albay Gulf, Philippines, [267 meters].<br />
REMARKS.—The specimen on which this species is based<br />
was originally identified as P. hertwigi. It may still prove to fall<br />
within the range of variation of that species, but it fails to agree<br />
exactly with the descriptions of Balss (1914b:49, figs. 28-30)<br />
and Holthuis (1952c:43, figs. 11, 12) and the description of P.<br />
gracilirostris by Kubo (1940b:41, figs. 8-10). The rostrum<br />
bears only five dorsal and one ventral teeth, and none of the<br />
dorsal teeth is situated on the carapace posterior to the orbital<br />
margin; to be sure, this dentition agrees with Balss's<br />
description, but his illustrations show six dorsal and two ventral<br />
teeth, as in the females described by Kubo and Holthuis. (Is it<br />
possible that this is a sexual character and that Balss described<br />
the condition in the only male of the five specimens of P.<br />
hertwigi recorded thus far?) The sixth abdominal somite is<br />
considerably less than one and one-half times as long as the<br />
fifth, whereas it is described by Holthuis as "slightly less than<br />
twice as long as the fifth" and illustrated by Kubo as about<br />
twice as long. The distal margin of the distolateral lobe mesial<br />
to the distolateral spine of the basal antennular segment is<br />
transverse, rather than sloping posteromesially (see illustrations<br />
of Balss and Kubo). The antennal scale has the distolateral<br />
spine reaching far beyond the distal margin of the blade, rather<br />
than reaching "to or slightly beyond the lamella," as described<br />
by Holthuis and figured by Balss. The second pereopod has a<br />
socket surrounding a peg-like tooth at the base of the fixed<br />
finger, rather than two teeth in this position as described by<br />
both Holthuis and Kubo. The dentition near the distal end of the<br />
flexor margin of the dactyl of the three posterior pairs of<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
pereopods seems to be more complex than the "shallow lobes"<br />
mentioned and illustrated by Holthuis, but the exact form of<br />
this margin is difficult to determine, even at high magnification,<br />
as noted by Holthuis. Perhaps of major significance is the<br />
fact that the uropods fall distinctly short of the posterior end of<br />
the telson, whereas they are described as overreaching the<br />
telson in all three of the descriptions of P. hertwigi.<br />
Unfortunately, the sternum of the unique specimen of this<br />
species was destroyed by dissection, thereby denying determination<br />
of the armature of the fourth sternite.<br />
A male specimen reported from New Caledonia (Bruce,<br />
1990a:151, fig. 2b) has a rostral dentition of 4/1 and closely<br />
resembles the present specimen of P. calcaratus, but the<br />
associated female has a dentition of 5/1, with minute<br />
subterminal denticles both dorsally and ventrally. Details of the<br />
ambulatory dactyls were not noted. It is possible that these<br />
specimens may also belong to P. calcaratus.<br />
ETYMOLOGY.—The name is from the Latin calcar (spur) and<br />
was suggested by the peculiar dentition on the dactyls of the<br />
third and fourth pereopods.<br />
114. Periclimenes ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Corniger) ceratophthalmus Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality:<br />
Hulule, Mate Atoll. Maldive Islands; on crinoid]; 1917:324. 365, pi. 54:<br />
fig. 9.<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) ceratophthalmus.—Holthuis, 1952c:56, fig. 20.<br />
Periclimenes ceratophthalmus.—Bruce, 1983c:880, figs. 4A-D, 5, 6A-C, 7F.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 4/0, posteriormost tooth<br />
not isolated from remainder of rostral series, situated slightly<br />
posterior to mid-length of rostrum, proper, lateral carina<br />
expanded posteriorly into dentate supraorbital eave; carapace<br />
with supraorbital tooth, hepatic spine not much larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising almost directly posterior to latter, orbital<br />
angle convex, not ovate; eye with cornea distinctly ogival,<br />
antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale with distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal<br />
margin of blade (overreaching blade in Borradaile's illustration);<br />
4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers about 2 /3 length of palm, carpus and<br />
merus unarmed; uropod considerably overreaching extended<br />
telson; carapace length little more than 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—See "Remarks."<br />
REMARKS.—As noted by Bruce (1983c:880), material that<br />
has been assigned to this species displays unusual variation in<br />
the form of the rostrum, the distolateral spines on the telson, the<br />
presence or absence of epistomal "horns," the degree of corneal<br />
extension of the eyes, the form of the incisor process of the<br />
mandible, and the range in form of the dactyl of the posterior<br />
pereopods from simple to strongly biunguiculate. It is very<br />
possible that P. ceratophthalmus consists of at least two<br />
species, possibly associated with different crinoid host genera.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 107<br />
However, the recent revision of crinoid host generic and<br />
specific names has complicated the problem. Borradaile's<br />
inadequate description and crude illustrations of the shrimp<br />
have not been helpful, nor has the examination of his type<br />
material.<br />
RANGE.—Kenya, Zanzibar, Seychelle and Maldive islands,<br />
Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Solomon and<br />
Caroline islands.<br />
115. Periclimenes commensalis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) commensalis Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality:<br />
Murray Island, Torres Strait; on comatulid crinoids].<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) commensalis.—Holthuis, 1952c:53, figs. 18, 19.<br />
Periclimenes commensalis Bruce, 1983c:883, fig. 4E.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly anteroventrad, rostral<br />
formula 0 + 5-7/1-2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from<br />
remainder of dorsal rostral series; carapace with supraorbital<br />
spine, usually arising from supraorbital eave, hepatic spine<br />
slightly larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to<br />
latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
orbital angle subovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal<br />
prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite nearly 1 '/2 times as long<br />
as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of minute dorsolateral spines, both<br />
pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
2 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal scale fully 3<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral<br />
tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th<br />
thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by about length of fingers, latter<br />
not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers<br />
about as long as palm, finely serrate on distal parts of opposable<br />
margins, carpus fully '/3 as long as palm, about as long as distal<br />
width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin somewhat sinuous, propodus with few<br />
spines on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not<br />
overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended<br />
telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Western Indian Ocean to Ryukyu Islands, Hong<br />
Kong, Indonesia, Australia, New Caledonia, and Caroline,<br />
Marshall, Solomon, and Fiji islands; associated with comatulid<br />
crinoids.<br />
116. Periclimenes consobrinus (De Man, 1902)<br />
Harpilius consobrinus De Man, 1902:836, pi. 26: fig. 54 [type locality: Tfernate,<br />
Indonesia].<br />
Periclimenes consobrinus.—Bruce, 1972f:411, fig. IB [left drawing];<br />
1975f:27, fig. 16 [color].—Holthuis, 1981:796, fig. 3i-l.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum barely overreaching<br />
antennal scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, slightly sinuous,<br />
rostral formula I + 6-7/1-2, posteriormost tooth not<br />
isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated in line<br />
with or anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without<br />
supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably<br />
larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not<br />
extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
bluntly acute, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal<br />
prominence on 3rd somite; telson with 2 pairs of distolateral<br />
spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at or<br />
slightly posterior to mid-length, eye with cornea hemispherical,<br />
not produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral<br />
spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 3'/3 times as long<br />
as wide, lateral margin somewhat sinuous, distolateral tooth<br />
distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
sternite with slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by nearly length of chela, fingers not<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers<br />
fully 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus less than '/2 as long as palm,<br />
about 1 '/3 times as long as distal width, without distal spines,<br />
merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on<br />
flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
sinuous, deeply concave in distal 3 /
108<br />
without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th<br />
somite about \ 2 h times as long as 5th; telson with 2<br />
dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, both pairs<br />
arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea hemispherical,<br />
not produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral<br />
spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 2 l /2 times as long<br />
as wide, lateral margin slightly convex, distolateral tooth not<br />
nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
sternite unarmed; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by<br />
length of chela and part of carpus, fingers not pectinate on<br />
opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers fully 2 /3 as long<br />
as palm, carpus about '/2 as long as palm, about 2'/2 times as<br />
long as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal<br />
tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not exactly<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
biunguiculate, flexor margin sinuous, propodus with few<br />
spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale; uropods slightly overrreaching<br />
extended telson; postorbital carapace length 5.2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique female holotype<br />
found in 185 meters southwest of Manila Bay, Philippines.<br />
118. Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965<br />
Periclimenes cristimanus Bruce, 1965:487, figs. 1, 2 [type locality: Pulau<br />
Sudong, near Pulau Salu, Singapore; 1°I2.7X 103°43.65'E; associated with<br />
echinoid]; 1982e:243, fig. 6.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, lanceolate, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 4-5/0,<br />
posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of rostral<br />
series, situated considerably anterior to level of posterior<br />
orbital margin, lateral carina expanded posteriorly into supraorbital<br />
eave and spine; carapace with supraorbital tooth, hepatic<br />
spine stronger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to<br />
latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
orbital angle not produced; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral<br />
spines, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with<br />
cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle with 2 or<br />
3 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal scale about 3<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin straight, distolateral tooth<br />
not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod with<br />
fingers not pectinate on opposable margins, strongly carinate<br />
on extensor margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers 2 /s as long as<br />
palm, carpus about 2 /s as long as palm, about as wide as long,<br />
without distal spines, merus with lobe but no distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin obscurely sinuous, propodus with spinules<br />
on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching extended<br />
telson; maximum postorbital carapace length 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Great Barrier<br />
Reef of Australia, and Marshall Islands; associated with<br />
echinoids.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
<strong>•</strong>119. Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984<br />
FIGURE 22<br />
Periclimenes dentidactylus Bruce, 1984a:7, figs. 1-6 [type locality: Makassar<br />
Strait southwest of Tandjung Mangkalihat, Borneo; 0°31.4'N, 117°5O.1'E;<br />
592-595 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale,<br />
slenderly palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, dorsally slightly<br />
concave, rostral formula 1 + 6/3, posteriormost tooth not<br />
isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated in line<br />
with or anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without<br />
supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, extending<br />
distinctly beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
subacutely produced, not ovate; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 3 /5 times as<br />
long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising in anterior '/2 of length;<br />
eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 strong distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide, lateral margin<br />
straight, distolateral tooth overreaching blade; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of chela, fingers not pectinate<br />
on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers '/2- 3 /4 as<br />
long as palm, carpus x h- 2 h as long as palm, about 1 '/3 times as<br />
long as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal<br />
tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl subdistally<br />
truncate, with denticulate lobe on flexor margin, complexly<br />
biunguiculate, flexor margin nearly straight, propodus with few<br />
small spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale; uropod reaching to about level of<br />
end of extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
8 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Iligan Bay, northern Mindanao:<br />
sta 5515; 8°34'48"N, 124°01'24"E; about 1280 m (no<br />
sounding); 8 Aug 1909 (1042-1110); 12' Tanner beam trawl:<br />
1 ovig female [8.1].<br />
RANGE.—Philippines and Indonesia; 592 to about 1280 m.<br />
REMARKS.—The Albatross specimen of P. dentidactylus<br />
belonged to an undescribed species when it was first examined.<br />
The illustrations prepared at that time are reproduced here, not<br />
so much to show differences between this ovigerous female and<br />
the male holotype as to emphasize the similarities between the<br />
type specimen and one of the opposite sex taken at possibly<br />
more than twice the depth and more than 1000 km to the north.<br />
120. Periclimenes digitalis Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) digitalis Kemp, 1922:224, fig. 65, pi. 8: fig. 12<br />
[type locality: off "Viper Island," Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 5'/2-9<br />
meters].<br />
Periclimenes digitalis.—Bruce, 1982e:240, figs. 4, 5.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum typically slightly overreach-
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong><br />
FIGURE 22.—Periclimenes dentidactylus, ovigerous female from Albatross sta 5515 (Iligan Bay), carapace length<br />
8.1 mm: a, entire shrimp in lateral view; b. anterior carapace, lateral aspect; c, same, dorsal aspect; d. sternum and<br />
bases of pereopods; e, tail fan;/, right antennule, dorsal aspect; g, right antenna, ventral aspect; h, right mandible;<br />
i, right 1st maxilla; j. right 2nd maxilla; k, right 1st maxilliped; /, right 2nd maxilliped; m, right 3rd maxilliped;<br />
n, right 1st pereopod; o, same, chela; p, right 2nd pereopod; q, same, fingers; r, right 3rd pereopod; s, same, dactyl;<br />
t, same, distal portion; u, right 4th pereopod; v, same, dactyl; w, same, distal portion; x, left 5th pereopod; y, same,<br />
dactyl, z, same, distal portion. T<br />
109
110<br />
ing antennal scale, sometimes shorter, palaemonoid, dorsally<br />
horizontal, rostral formula 2 + 6-9/1-2, posteriormost tooth<br />
slightly isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series,<br />
situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace with or<br />
without tubercular vestige of supraorbital spine, hepatic spine<br />
not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral<br />
to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal<br />
prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 x li times as long<br />
as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising in anterior l /2 of length;<br />
eye with cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle<br />
with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale fully<br />
3 times as long as wide, lateral margin straight or faintly<br />
concave, distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of blade;<br />
4th thoracic stemite without slender median process; 1st<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of chela and<br />
fully '/2 of carpus, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins;<br />
2nd pereopod with fingers 2 /3- 3 A as long as palm, carpus<br />
slightly longer than palm, nearly 9 times as long as distal width,<br />
without distal spines, merus with small, acute distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl long and slender, not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin regularly concave,<br />
propodus without spinules on flexor margin, not segmented;<br />
5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of dactyl<br />
and more than '/2 of propodus; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length fully 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar ? (Bruce, 1982e:243); Andaman Islands,<br />
Hong Kong?, and Flores Sea, Indonesia.<br />
REMARKS.—The systematic status of this apparently uncommon<br />
species is uncertain because of the presence of a<br />
two-segmented mandibular palp in the specimens recorded by<br />
Bruce (1982e:243) from Zanzibar and Hong Kong.<br />
121. Periclimenes diversipes Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) diversipes Kemp, 1922:179, figs. 36-39 [part; type<br />
locality: Kilakarai, Gulf of Mannar, southern India; low tide, among corals of<br />
genus Montipora).<br />
Periclimenes diversipes.—Bruce, 1979f:221.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not reaching level of distal<br />
end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly anteroventrad,<br />
except more anteriad apically, rostral formula 1 +<br />
4-6/0-2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series, situated slightly anterior to level of hepatic<br />
spine; carapace without supraorbital spine, hepatic spine no<br />
larger than antennal spine, arising directly posterior to latter,<br />
not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
bluntly triangular, not ovate; abdomen with 6th somite about<br />
1 3 A times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral<br />
spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising slightly<br />
posterior to mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine<br />
on basal segment; antennal scale 2'/2-2 3 /4 times as long as<br />
wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not nearly<br />
reaching level of distal margin of blade: 4th thoracic sternite<br />
without slender median process; 1st pereopod reaching about to<br />
level of distal end of antennal scale, fingers minutely pectinate,<br />
visible only under high magnification; 2nd pereopods markedly<br />
unequal, dissimilar, fingers varying from '/2 to more than<br />
twice as long as palm, major chela with fixed finger distally<br />
bidentate, carpus from less than '/<strong>•</strong>» as long to longer than palm,<br />
from little longer than wide to more than 2 1 /? times as long,<br />
unarmed, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin concave, propodus without distinct spines on flexor<br />
margin, not segmented; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
less than 2'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and Madagascar to Singapore and Gulf of<br />
Thailand, to Great Barrier Reef of Australia and Coral Sea;<br />
associated wiith scleractinian corals.<br />
*122. Periclimenes elegans (Paulson, 1875)<br />
AnchlistiaJ elegans Paulson. 1875:113, pi. 17: fig. I (type locality: Red Sea].<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) dubius Borradaile. 1915:211 [type locality: Minicoy.<br />
Laccadive Islands).<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) elegans. ~ Kemp. 1922:215. figs. 60-62.<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) elegans.—Holthuis, 1952c:81. fig. 31.<br />
Periclimenes elegans.—Bruce, 1983c:884.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching to or beyond level<br />
of distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, directed slightly<br />
anterodorsad anteriorly, rostral formula 1-2 + 5-6/3-6,<br />
posteriormost tooth somewhat isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably<br />
larger than antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral to<br />
latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
orbital angle convex, not ovate; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 1 /2 times as<br />
long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising on anterior '/2 of length;<br />
eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale 4'/2-5'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin<br />
concave, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin<br />
of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median process;<br />
1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by about '/2 length of<br />
chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers 2 /5-'/2 as long as palm, carpus subequal<br />
to palm in length, 4-4'/2 times as long as distal width, with 2<br />
distal spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin slightly concave, propodus with spinules on flexor
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 111<br />
margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod not nearly reaching distal<br />
end of antennal scale; uropod not reaching level of distal end of<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length more<br />
than 4 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5141; 6°09'N, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb<br />
1908 (0847-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3 males<br />
[2.8-4.1] 9 females [2.7-4.0].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5147; 5°41'40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, shells; 16<br />
Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3<br />
ovig females [2.0-3.3].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and western Indian Ocean to Hong Kong,<br />
Philippines, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Marshall<br />
Islands.<br />
REMARKS.—Until the limits of variation of P. ensifrons are<br />
better known, the possibility that P. elegans is a junior<br />
synonym of that species, perhaps with regenerated second<br />
pereopods, must be considered (See Bruce, 1971:6 and<br />
1984b: 145).<br />
123. Periclimenes ensifrons (Dana, 1852)<br />
Anchistia ensifrons Dana, I852a:25 [type locality: Balabac Strait. North<br />
Borneo]; 1855. pi. 38: fig. la-g.<br />
Periclimenes ensifrons.—Bruce, I971f:5; 1984b: 145.—Devaney and Bruce,<br />
1987:230.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching about to level of<br />
distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, curving anterodorsad,<br />
rostral formula 1-2 + 5-6/2-3, posteriormost tooth not<br />
much isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated<br />
about in line with hepatic spine; carapace with supraorbital<br />
spine, hepatic smaller than antennal spine, arising almost<br />
directly posterior to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without<br />
compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite not<br />
much longer than 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, posterior pair arising only slightly<br />
posterior to midlength; eye with cornea hemispherical, not<br />
produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine<br />
on basal segment; antennal scale fully 5'/2 times as long as<br />
wide, lateral margin concave, distolateral tooth extending far<br />
beyond distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite probably<br />
with slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale; 2nd pereopod with fingers about 3 A as long as<br />
palm, carpus nearly as long as palm, nearly 5 times as long as<br />
distal width, without distal spines, merus with small distal tooth<br />
on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not<br />
biunguiculate, flexor margin regularly concave, propodus with<br />
spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod<br />
reaching about to distal end of antennal scale; uropod<br />
overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length about 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea, Comoro Islands and Aldabra, western<br />
Indian Ocean; off northern Burma; Marshall Islands; possibly<br />
Tuamotu Archipelago.<br />
REMARKS.—The limits of variability and, therefore, the<br />
synonymy of P. ensifrons may require the study of more<br />
extensive collections.<br />
124. Periclimenes foresti Bruce, 1981<br />
Periclimenes foresti Bruce, 1981c:20l, figs. 10, 11, 17c [type locality:<br />
southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines; 14°00.0'N, 120°18.0^—<br />
14°01.7'N, 120°20.2'E; 189-209 meters]; 1985b:232, figs. 2, 3.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum rather slender, directed<br />
anteroventrad, rostral formula 1-2 + 6-8/1-2, posteriormost<br />
tooth distinctly isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series,<br />
situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without<br />
supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising nearly in horizontal line with latter, not<br />
extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
triangularly produced but not ovate; eye with comea small,<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally, antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 2'/2<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin convex at least<br />
proximally, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of<br />
chela; fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopods distinctly unequal, fingers nearly 2 /3 as long as palm,<br />
carpus about 'A as long as palm, little longer than distal width,<br />
without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl rather abruptly constricted<br />
but not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor<br />
margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin slightly<br />
sinuous, propodus with few indistinct spinules on flexor<br />
margin, not segmented; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
12 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Both recorded specimens of P. foresti were<br />
collected from the same general area southwest of Manila Bay,<br />
Philippines, in 136-209 m.<br />
125. Periclimenes foveolatus Bruce, 1981<br />
Periclimenes foveolatus Bruce, 1981c:196, figs. 6-9, 17a,b, 18b,e [type<br />
locality: southwest of Manila Bay, Philippines; 14°01.0 / N, 120°15.8'E—<br />
13°59.2'N, 120°18.8'E; 191-188 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument pitted on lateral areas of carapace<br />
and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal scale,<br />
slenderly palaemonoid, directed anteroventrad to variable<br />
degree, rostral formula 0-1 + 7-9/3-6, posteriormost tooth not<br />
isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated<br />
anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital<br />
or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising somewhat posteroventral to latter, not extending<br />
beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle ovate in
112<br />
male; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs<br />
of small dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin,<br />
anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment, antennal scale about 2 2 /3<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin convex, distolateral tooth<br />
not nearly reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by at least length of chela, fingers not<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods slightly<br />
unequal, similar, fingers more or less than '/2 as long as palm,<br />
carpus about '/3 as long as palm, about l 2 /3 as long as distal<br />
width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl devoid of denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, but biunguiculate with minute accessory<br />
tooth on faintly sinuous flexor margin, propodus with few<br />
small spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended<br />
telson; maximum postorbital carapace length 9'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type series from southwest<br />
of Manila Bay, Philippines; 187-195 m.<br />
126. Periclimenes galene Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (HarpUius) galene Holthuis, 1952c:l 1, 62, fig. 24 [type locality:<br />
Ambon and "islet near Menado," Indonesia].<br />
Periclimenes galene.—Bruce, 1976d:12, figs. 3, 4; 1983d:207.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, tapering to slender apex, horizontal, rostral formula 0-1<br />
+ 4-7A), epigastric tooth, if present, movable, isolated from<br />
remainder of rostral series, situated in vertical line with hepatic<br />
spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine,<br />
hepatic spine fully as large as antennal spine, arising directly<br />
posterior or slightly posterodorsad to latter, not extending<br />
beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly<br />
lobate, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence<br />
on 3rd somite, 6th somite fully twice as long as 5th;<br />
telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior<br />
margin, anterior pair arising slightly anterior to mid-length; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal<br />
scale about 3 3 A times as long as wide, lateral margin faintly<br />
concave, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1 st pereopod not reaching distal end of antennal scale,<br />
fingers distally expanded, not pectinate on opposable margins;<br />
2nd pereopod with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus 1 3 A times<br />
as long as palm, 6'A times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod prehensile, dactyl not subdistally truncate, without<br />
denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin regularly concave, propodus expanded subdis-<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
tally, with strong spines on distal flexor margin, not segmented;<br />
uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length fully 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Indonesia, and Great Barrier Reef<br />
of Australia; associated with hydroids.<br />
127. Periclimenes gracilis (Dana, 1852)?<br />
Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1952a:25; [type locality: Sulu Sea]; I952b:578; 1955,<br />
pi. 37: fig. 5.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:97.—Bruce, 1989b:180, fig. 4B.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 5-6/1,<br />
posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal<br />
rostral series, situated anterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic<br />
spine arising posteroventral to antennal spine, not extending<br />
beyond anterior margin of carapace; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of<br />
blade; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale; 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers about x li as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long<br />
as palm, about 1 ] h times as long as distal width, with 2 distal<br />
spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod<br />
with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on<br />
flexor margin, biunguiculate (?), flexor margin somewhat<br />
sinuous, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; postorbital carapace length about 3'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known with certainty only from the type locality<br />
in the Sulu Sea.<br />
REMARKS.—This species has not been satisfactorily identified<br />
with any current pontoniine concept. It is very possible, as<br />
suggested by Bruce and Svoboda (1984:97) and by Bruce<br />
(1989b: 180), that Anchistia gracilis Dana, 1852 (= Periclimenes<br />
gracilis), is a senior synonym of HarpUius depressus<br />
Stimpson, 1860 (= Harpiliopsis depressa). As illustrated by<br />
Dana, the former species differs from the latter in having only<br />
one tooth, rather than two or three, on the unusual contour of<br />
the ventral margin of the rostrum, and apparently in having the<br />
dactyl of the third pereopod biunguiculate, rather than simple<br />
with double, stout, subdistal setae. In support of that conclusion<br />
is the not unusual dentition of the incisor process of the<br />
mandible described and illustrated by Dana (1852b:578 and<br />
1855, pi. 37: fig. 5d) (see illustration of mandible of H.<br />
depressa in Holthuis, 1952c, fig. 90a).<br />
128. Periclimenes grandis (Stimpson, 1860)<br />
Anchistia grandis Stimpson, 1860:39 [type locality: Amami O Shima, Ryukyu<br />
Islands].<br />
Periclimenes vitiensis Borradaile, 1898:383 [type locality: Viti Levu, Fiji<br />
Islands].—Bruce. 1978f:266, fig. 9.<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) grandis.—Kemp, 1922:210, figs. 58, 59, pi. 7: fig.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 113<br />
10.<br />
Peridimenes grandis —Bruce, 1975f:23, fig. 1 [color]; 1976d:6, fig. 2;<br />
1978a:217.—Devaney and Bruce, 1987:230.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching to slightly beyond<br />
level of distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, curving<br />
slightly anterodorsad, rostral formula 1-2 + 6-8/2-5, posteriormost<br />
tooth not widely separated from remainder of dorsal<br />
rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably<br />
larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not<br />
extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
triangular, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal<br />
prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as long<br />
as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising in anterior '/2 of length;<br />
eye with comea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale about 4 times as long as wide, lateral margin<br />
concave, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin<br />
of blade; 4th thoracic stemite with slender median process;<br />
1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers,<br />
latter not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers '/2 to 4 /s as long as palm, carpus 3 /s- 9 /io as long as palm,<br />
4 to more than 5 times as long as distal width, with 1 distal<br />
spine, merus with distinct distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin concave, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin,<br />
not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching antennal scale;<br />
uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length nearly 4'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Mozambique, eastward to Ryukyu<br />
Islands, Kyushu, Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia,<br />
Marshall Islands, and TUvalu.<br />
REMARKS.—Like P. elegans, this species may eventually<br />
prove to be a junior synonym of P. ensiferus.<br />
129. Peridimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913<br />
Peridimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913:235 [type locality: Sagami Nada, Japan; 120<br />
meters, on echinoid].—Bruce, 1983d:208; 1990a:151, figs. 1, 2, 39c.<br />
Peridimenes Hertwigi.—Balss, 1914b:49, figs. 28-30.<br />
Peridimenes (Ancylocaris) gradlirostris Kubo, 1940b:41, figs. 8-10 [type<br />
locality: Kumano Nada off Mie Prefecture, Japan; about 310 meters].<br />
Peridimenes (Peridimenes) hertwigi.—Holthuis, 1952c:43, figs. 11, 12.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching to or slightly<br />
beyond level of distal end of antennal scale, slender, directed<br />
very slightly anteroventrad, rostral formula 1 + 5/2, posteriormost<br />
tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral<br />
series, situated anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace<br />
without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger<br />
than antennal spine, arising just posteroventral to latter,<br />
extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
blunt, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence<br />
on 3rd somite, 6th somite slightly less than twice as long<br />
as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal<br />
scale about 2 3 /s times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly<br />
straight, distolateral tooth reaching to or slightly beyond level<br />
of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite without slender<br />
median process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by<br />
entire lengths of chela and carpus, fingers not pectinate on<br />
opposable margins except for minor serrations near tips; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers about l /2 as long as palm, carpus about<br />
'/3 as long as palm, slightly longer than distal width, without<br />
distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl subdistally truncate, with denticulate lobe<br />
on flexor margin, not truly biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
moderately convex, propodus with few obscure spinules on<br />
flexor margin, not subdivided; 5th pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 7 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Japan, East China Sea, Indonesia, Queensland,<br />
Australia, and New Caledonia; 120-600 meters, associated<br />
with echinoids.<br />
<strong>•</strong>130. Peridimenes holihuisi Bruce, 1969<br />
Urocaris longicaudata.—Pearson, 1905:78, pi. 1: fig. 5 [not Urocaris<br />
longicaudatus Stimpson, 1860].<br />
Peridimenes (Peridimenes) aesopius.—Holthuis, 1952c:34, figs. 5, 6 [not<br />
Anchistia aesopia Bate, 1863].<br />
Peridimenes holthuisi Bruce, 1969b:258 [type locality: "Lung Ha Wan," N.T.,<br />
Hong Kong; 22°18.5'N, 114°18.2'E; 4 meters, associated with sea<br />
anemones].—Bruce and Svoboda, 1983:10, fig. 3; 1984:94.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, slender, generally horizontal but arched dorsally and<br />
anteriorly directed anteroventrad, rostral formula 1-2 +<br />
7-9/1-2, posteriormost tooth not distinctly isolated from<br />
remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated anterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine somewhat stronger than antennal spine,<br />
arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle acutely subovate; abdomen<br />
with compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite<br />
twice as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of<br />
length; eye with comea hemispherical, not produced distally;<br />
antennular peduncle with 1 small distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale about 2 4 /5 as long as wide, lateral<br />
margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching<br />
level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal<br />
scale by fully length of fingers, latter not pectinate on<br />
opposable margins; 2nd pereopods equal, similar, with fingers
114<br />
nearly or quite as long as palm, carpus also about as long as<br />
palm, about 3'/2 times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
variably sinuous, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin,<br />
not segmented; 5th pereopod not reaching far beyond end of<br />
antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 3'A mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Sulu Sea, northeast of Dumaran<br />
Island: sta 5423; 10°37'50"N, 120°12'E; 93 m; sand; 8<br />
Apr 1909 (1534-1554); 6' McCormick-Blake beam trawl: 1<br />
ovig female [6.0].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Maldive Islands, Sri<br />
Lanka, South China Sea, Hong Kong, Japan (?), Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, Lord Howe Island, New<br />
Caledonia, Palau, and Marshall Islands; 34-45 m, associated<br />
with sea anemones, corals, and medusae.<br />
<strong>•</strong>131. Periclimenes incertus Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) incertus Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Maldive<br />
Islands]; 1917:364, pi. 53: fig. 7.<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) impar Kemp, 1922:140,147, figs. 16, 17, pi. 3:<br />
fig. 1 [type locality: Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 9 meters, on pinkish<br />
sponge].<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) incertus.—Holthuis, 1959:193.<br />
Periclimenes incertus.—Bruce. 1980a: 10, fig. 5.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1-2 +<br />
7-8/1-2, posteriormost tooth usually somewhat isolated from<br />
remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen without<br />
compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about<br />
l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral<br />
spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about<br />
mid-length: eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale about 3 '/s times as long as wide, lateral<br />
margin slightly concave, distolateral tooth not quite reaching<br />
level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
slender median process; 1 st pereopod reaching about to distal<br />
end of antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers about 2 /3 as long as palm,<br />
carpus about '/2 as long as palm, about 2'/3 times as long as<br />
distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth<br />
on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin concave, propodus with spinules on flexor<br />
margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal<br />
scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postor-<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
bital carapace length about 4 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E]; 1 '/4-2'/2 mm; scattered<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads<br />
taken shore: 1 male [2.1].—Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5139; 6°06'N, 121°02'30"E; 37 m; coral sand; 14 Feb 1908<br />
(1313-1317); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 female [1.7];<br />
sta 5141; 6°09'N, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb 1908<br />
(0847-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male [1.9];<br />
sta 5145; 6°04'30"N, 120°59'30"E; 42 m; coral sand, shells; 15<br />
Feb 1908 (1344-1359); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1<br />
ovig female [2.0].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5147;<br />
5°41'4O"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908<br />
(1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 2 males [1.9,<br />
1.9] 1 ovig female [1.9].<br />
RANGE.—Aden to Madagascar, east to Philippines, Indonesia,<br />
Australia, and New Caledonia; to a depth of 53 m.<br />
(apparently a new depth record), associated with sponges.<br />
132. Periclimenes indicus (Kemp, 1915)<br />
Urocaris indica Kemp, 1915:275, fig. 26, pi. 13: fig. 9 [type locality: Chilka<br />
Lake, Orissa, India; fresh and brackish water].<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) indicus.—Kemp, 1922:144, fig. 13.—Holthuis,<br />
1952c:39, fig. 8.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, crested above orbit, horizontal, rostral formula 2 +<br />
6-8/1-3, posteriormost tooth isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic<br />
spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle ovate; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about twice as<br />
long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal<br />
scale 3'/3-3 3 /4 times as long as wide, lateral margin straight,<br />
distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin of blade;<br />
4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st<br />
pereopod not overreaching antennal scale; 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers fully as long as palm, carpus slightly more or less than<br />
twice as long as palm, fully 5 times as long as distal width,<br />
without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate,<br />
without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin concave, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod<br />
overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length about 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—India, Nicobar Islands, Malaya, Singapore, Indonesia,<br />
and Queensland, Australia; to a depth of 55 meters.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 115<br />
133. Periclimenes inornatus Kemp, 1922<br />
Peridimenes (Ancylocaris) inornatus Kemp, 1922; 191, figs. 43-46 [type<br />
locality: Port Blair, Andaman Islands].<br />
Periclimenes aff. inornatus Fransen, 1989:136, fig. 2.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum directed anteroventrad not<br />
overreaching antennal scale, shallow, ventrally convex, rostral<br />
formula 7-8/0-2, posterior tooth not isolated from remainder<br />
of dorsal rostral series, situated slightly anterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle distinctly produced, subacute,<br />
not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on<br />
3rd somite, 6th somite about 1.5 times length of 5th; telson with<br />
2 pairs of well-developed dorsal spines, anterior pair at about<br />
0.3 of length; eye with comea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally; antennular peduncle with 1 small distolateral spine on<br />
basal segment; antennal scale about 2.2 times longer than wide,<br />
lateral margin feebly convex, distolateral tooth not nearly<br />
reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
with transverse ridge with small open median notch; 1st<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by fingers of chela,<br />
fingers subspatulate, margins pectinate; 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers about x li as long as palm, carpus about 'A of palm<br />
length, about 1 '/io times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod<br />
with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on<br />
flexor margin, simple, flexor margin sinuously concave,<br />
propodus without spines, not segmented; 5th pereopod reaching<br />
to about 2 /5 of scale length; uropod slightly exceeding<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length more<br />
than 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Kenya, Zanzibar, Seychelles, Comoro, Maldive<br />
and Andaman islands, Ryukyu Islands, Indonesia, South China<br />
Sea, Great Barrier Reef, Fiji and Caroline islands.<br />
134. Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) calmani.—Johnson, 1962b:59 [not P. calmani<br />
Tattersall, 1921].<br />
Periclimenes johnsoni Bruce, 1987c:l 15 [type locality: Pasir Laba, Singapore;<br />
1°21'N, 103°38'E].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale,<br />
palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1 + 7-9/4-5,<br />
posteriormost tooth somewhat isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic<br />
spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising slightly<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle convexly triangular, not ovate,<br />
abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite fully l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2<br />
pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterioir margin,<br />
anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
2 distolateral spines on basal segment; antennal scale about 3'/2<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral<br />
tooth reaching nearly to level of distal margin of blade; 4th<br />
thoracic sternite with slender median process; 1st pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers subequal to palm in length,<br />
carpus 1 'A times as long as distal width, without distal spines,<br />
merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on<br />
flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
concave, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; 5th pereopod not reaching distal margin of antennal<br />
scale; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 2'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from tidal stream on Singapore.<br />
135. Periclimenes jugalis Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) jugalis Holthuis, 1952c:ll, 67, fig. 26 [type locality:<br />
Djedan, Kepulauan Am, Indonesia; 13 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, slender, directed slightly anteroventral, rostral formula 1<br />
+ 8/2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of<br />
rostral series, situated in line with or anterior to level of hepatic<br />
spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine,<br />
hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle not ovate; abdomen with 6th somite<br />
nearly twice as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral<br />
spines, both pairs arising in posterior V2 of length; eye with<br />
cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle<br />
with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale<br />
with lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not<br />
reaching level of distal margin of blade; 1st pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers<br />
about 2 /5 as long as palm, carpus fully 2 /3 as long as palm, about<br />
3 3 A as long as distal width, without distal spines, merus without<br />
distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin regularly concave,<br />
propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented;<br />
uropod overreaching extended telson; postorbital carapace<br />
length about 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar and Indonesia.<br />
136. Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) diversipes Kemp, 1922:179, figs. 36-39 [part].<br />
Periclimenes kempi Bruce, 1969b:260 [type locality: Hurghada, Red Sea coast<br />
of Egypt; 27°14'N, 38°5O'E; 1 meter, associated with alcyonarians];<br />
1979f:224; 1981g:80, fig. 2.
116<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, 0+5-8/0-2, posteriormost<br />
tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral<br />
series, situated anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace<br />
without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine little<br />
longer than antennal spine, arising posteriad and slightly<br />
ventrad to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of<br />
carapace, orbital angle acutely produced, not quite subovate;<br />
abdomen without distinct compressed dorsal prominence on<br />
3rd somite; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of<br />
fingers, latter pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers about '/2 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as long<br />
as palm, about 3 times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin convex at extreme proximal end of flexor margin,<br />
concave distally, propodus with 1 distal spinule on flexor<br />
margin, not segmented; uropod distinctly overreaching extended<br />
telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about 1 '/2<br />
mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea, Zanzibar, Andaman Islands, Singapore,<br />
Australia, and Fiji Islands; associated with alcyonarians.<br />
137. Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977<br />
Periclimenes kororensis Bruce, 1977c:33. figs. 1-4 [type locality: Koror, Palau<br />
Islands; associated with fungiid coral].—Brace and Svoboda, 1984:94, figs.<br />
5,6.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not quite reaching level of<br />
end of antennal scale, shallow, directed anterodorsad in anterior<br />
'/2, rostral formula 1-2 + 5-6/3-5, posteriormost tooth not<br />
isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated<br />
posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital<br />
or postorbital spine, hepatic spine more prominent than<br />
antennal spine, arising directly posterior to or somewhat<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle convex, not ovate; abdomen without<br />
compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite l 4 /5<br />
times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about<br />
mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral tooth on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale about 4 3 /s times as long as wide, lateral<br />
margin distinctly concave, distolateral tooth not reaching level<br />
of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender<br />
median process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
more than length of chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopods equal and similar, fingers '/2 as long as<br />
palm, carpus about 3 /4 as long as palm, 7'/2 times as long as<br />
distal width, with 2 distal spines, merus with distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate but slightly constricted at base of unguis, without<br />
denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin faintly sinuous, propodus with single distal<br />
spinule on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
4'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Cebu, Philippines; Palau Islands; and Queensland,<br />
Australia; associated with fungiid corals.<br />
<strong>•</strong>138. Periclimenes lanipes Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) lanipes Kemp, 1922:156, pi. 4: fig. 4 [type<br />
locality: Mergui Archipelago; 12°48'N,98 o 16'10"E; 44 meters].<br />
Periclimenes lanipes.—Bruce, 1971g:ll, figs. 3, 4, 5c,d; 1978a:228, fig. 11.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale<br />
little if at all, rather shallow, directed distinctly anteroventrad,<br />
rostral formula 0 + 7-10/0-1, posteriormost tooth not isolated<br />
from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated anterior to level<br />
of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising posterior or posterodoral to latter, not extending beyond<br />
anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate;<br />
abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite little if at all longer than 5th; telson with 2<br />
pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin,<br />
anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale only twice<br />
as long as wide, lateral margin convex basally, nearly straight<br />
distal thereto, distolateral tooth reaching about to level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by more than<br />
length of chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins of<br />
fingers; 2nd pereopod with fingers less than l /2 as long as palm,<br />
carpus about 'A length of palm, about as long as distal width,<br />
without distal spines, merus with strong distal tooth on flexor<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate,<br />
without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate,<br />
accessory tooth small, flexor margin straight, becoming<br />
concave distally, propodus clothed with long, woolly hairs on<br />
flexor margin, not segmented, 5th pereopod not reaching distal<br />
end of antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended telson;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length about 4'/2 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
[5°58X 121°06'E]; shore; 12 Feb 1908: 1 ovig female<br />
[3.2].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5146; 5°46'40"E,<br />
120°48'50"E; 44 m; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1011-<br />
1031); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male [3.0] 6 ovig<br />
females [3.0-4.2]; sta 5147; 5°41'40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m;
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 117<br />
coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam<br />
trawl, mud bag: 2 ovig female [4.1, 4.3].<br />
RANGE.—Somalia to Madagascar, eastward to South China<br />
Sea, Philippines, Singapore, Australia, and New Caledonia;<br />
associated with basket stars (Euryalida).<br />
139. Periclimenes latipollex Kemp, 1922<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) latipollex Kemp, 1922:150, fig. 18, pi. 4: fig. 3<br />
[type locality: Mergui Archipelago; 12°15'20"N,97°10'10"E; 113 meters].—<br />
Holthuis, 1952c:47, figs. 13, 14.<br />
Periclimenes latipollex.—Bruce, 1971f:8; 1981c: 195, fig. 3.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum typically overreaching<br />
antennal scale, shallow, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 2-3<br />
+ 5-6/2-3, posteriormost tooth not distinctly isolated from<br />
remainder of dorsal rostral series but arising slightly farther<br />
from 2nd tooth than latter from 3rd, situated slightly posterior<br />
to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or<br />
postorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising directly posterior to latter, not extending beyond<br />
anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly triangular, not<br />
ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite 1 x li times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs<br />
of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair<br />
arising slightly anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale typically<br />
about 3 times as long as wide, distolateral tooth reaching to<br />
about level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not pectinate on<br />
opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers about '/3 as long<br />
as palm, carpus about 'A as long as palm, about 1 '/2 times as<br />
long as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal<br />
tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
biunguiculate, flexor margin straight proximally, concave<br />
distally, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; 5th pereopod overreaching antennal scale; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length more than 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Philippines and Indonesia; 78 to<br />
more than 300 meters, possibly associated with gorgonians.<br />
REMARKS.—The records of P. latipollex in the literature<br />
suggest that it is either an unusually variable species or that the<br />
name has been applied to more than one species. The<br />
specimens recorded by Holthuis (1952c:47) from Kaulauan Kai<br />
in 304 meters have the accessory tooth on the dactyl of the third<br />
pereopod microscopic, whereas it is small but distinct in the<br />
type specimens from the Mergui Archipelago in 113 meters and<br />
in the Philippine specimen identified by Bruce (1981c: 195). On<br />
the other hand, the latter specimen has the rostrum less shallow,<br />
curving dorsad, and armed with 10 dorsal teeth, three of which<br />
are situated on the carapace posterior to the level of the orbit,<br />
and the antennal scale fully 3'/2 times as long as wide.<br />
140. Periclimenes longirostris (Borradaile, 1915)<br />
Palaemonella longirostris Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Naifaro Island,<br />
Fadifollu Atoll, Maldive Islands].<br />
Pariclimenes (Falciger) affinis Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality: Salomon<br />
Island, Chagos Archipelago; not Palaemonella affinis Zehntner, 1894].<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) proximus Kemp, 1922:201, figs. 51-53 [type<br />
locality: Port Blair, Andaman Islands; 7-15 meters].<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) longirostris.—Holthuis, 1958:3, fig. 1.<br />
Periclimenes longirostris.—Bruce, 1981c:195, figs. 4, I8a,d.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching nearly to level of or<br />
overreaching antennal scale, shallowly palaemonoid, directed<br />
slightly anterodorsad anteriorly, rostral formula 1 + 5-6/2-3,<br />
posteriormost tooth not distinctly isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series but arising slightly farther from 2nd tooth<br />
than latter from 3rd, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine no larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending<br />
beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle weakly<br />
triangular, not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal<br />
prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 'A times as long<br />
as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length;<br />
eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale 4'/2-5 4 /5 times as long as wide, lateral margin<br />
distinctly concave, distolateral tooth far overreaching distal<br />
margin of narrow blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender<br />
median process; 1st pereopod far overreaching antennal scale,<br />
fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with<br />
fingers slightly more or less than '/2 as long as palm, carpus<br />
longer or shorter than palm, 7-8 times as long as distal width,<br />
without distal spines, merus with distal tooth on flexor margin;<br />
3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without<br />
denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin distinctly concave, propodus with spinules on<br />
flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod reaching about as<br />
far as distal end of antennal scale; uropod not overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
2'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Northern Red Sea and western Indian Ocean to<br />
Philippines, Indonesia, Papua, northeastern Australia, and<br />
Marshall Islands; to a depth of at least 17 meters.<br />
141. Periclimenes lutescens (Dana, 1852)<br />
Harpilius lutescens Dana, 1852a:25 [type locality: Tongatapu Island, Tonga<br />
Islands]; 1852b:576; 1855:12, pi. 37: fig. 4.—Kemp. 1922:235, figs. 72. 73.<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylmaris) amamiensis Kubo. 1940b:44, figs. 11, 12 [type<br />
locality: Amami O Shima. Ryukyu Islands].<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) lutescens.—Holthuis. 1952c:88 [part], fig. 35.<br />
Periclimenes lutescens.—Bruce, 1972f:411, fig. 1A [right drawing]; 1975f:27,<br />
fig. 15 [color]; 1976c:98; 1977h:73 [color figure]; I977i:3.—Holthuis,<br />
1981:796.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1-2 +
118<br />
5-7/1-2. posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic<br />
spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate; abdomen<br />
without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite; telson<br />
with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin,<br />
both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale with<br />
distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin of blade;<br />
4th thoracic sternite with short, stout median process; 1st<br />
pereopod exceeding antennal scale by length of chela, fingers<br />
not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers<br />
fully 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus less than '/2 as long as palm,<br />
about 1 '/2 times as long as distal width, without distal spines,<br />
merus with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on<br />
flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
strongly concave, propodus not segmented, non-spinulate;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length about 7'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known with assurance from Red Sea and eastern<br />
Africa eastward to Japan, Indonesia, and Great Barrier Reef of<br />
Australia, at least to Solomon and Samoa islands, and perhaps<br />
eastward to limits of range of Acropora; associated with<br />
branching corals of genera Acropora and, less commonly,<br />
Seriatopora.<br />
REMARKS.—See "Remarks" under P. consobrinus.<br />
The striped color pattern illustrated by Dana (1855, pi. 37:<br />
fig. 4) is so different from the one displayed by the species<br />
currently associated with the name P. lutescens (Bruce, 1975f,<br />
fig. 15, and 1977h:73) that there is a tendency to believe that<br />
Dana's name is now misapplied to a different species. The<br />
remark by Dana (1852b:577), however, "Colors probably not<br />
constant for the species" suggests the possibility that his<br />
material included more than one species. The single character<br />
illustrated by Dana that seems to relate most exactly to the<br />
current conception of the species is the peculiar second<br />
maxilliped (pi. 37: fig. 4f). Except for the inadvertently missing<br />
flexor margin of the penultimate segment, that illustration is<br />
remarkably similar to those offered by Holthuis (1952c, fig.<br />
35e) and Bruce (1972f, fig. 1A). On the basis of that character<br />
and the Samoan record cited by Bruce (1977i:3)—which<br />
suggests the presence of the species in the Tonga Islands<br />
(Dana's type locality)—would it not be desirable in the interest<br />
of stability—to assume the identity of the species described by<br />
Dana with the one now generally known by the same name?<br />
142. Periclimenes magnificus Bruce, 1979<br />
Periclimenes magnificus Bruce. 1979d:l95. figs. 1-5, pi. I: figs. A-C [type<br />
locality: Wistari Reef, Capricorn Islands. Queensland, Australia; 26-29<br />
meters).—Cases and Storch. 1981:15.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:96.—<br />
Fransen, 1989:143. figs. 4b.c. 5e-8.6i-m. 7i-p.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, shallow, slightly arched, rostral formula 1 + 7-8/1-2,<br />
posteriormost tooth isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral<br />
series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace<br />
without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine larger<br />
than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not<br />
extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
acutely subovate; abdomen with low, compressed dorsal<br />
prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about twice as long as<br />
5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 dorsolateral spine on basal segment; antennal<br />
scale about 2 3 A times as long as wide, lateral margin<br />
moderately convex to base of distolateral tooth, latter not nearly<br />
reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by length of fingers, latter not pectinate on<br />
opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers 4 /5 as long as<br />
palm, carpus 3 /4 as long as palm, 2 3 A times as long as distal<br />
width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin concave, propodus with few obscure<br />
spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
6'A mm.<br />
RANGE.—Southern Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, and Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia; 3-29 meters, associated with<br />
scleractinian corals and sea anemones.<br />
143. Periclimenes nilandensis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Pariclimenes (Falciger) nilandensis Borradaile, 1915:211 [type locality:<br />
Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands]; 1917:372, pi. 54: fig. 13.<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) nilandensis.—Holthuis, 1952c:58, fig. 22.<br />
Periclimenes nilandensis.—Bruce, 1978a:222, figs. 8, 9.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum reaching as far as or<br />
overreaching distal end of antennal scale, palaemonoid, nearly<br />
horizontal, rostral formula 2 + 6-8/3-5, posteriormost tooth<br />
not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated<br />
posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace with postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine slightly larger than antennal spine, arising<br />
slightly posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly triangular, not ovate;<br />
abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with<br />
2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin,<br />
anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale fully 3<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin straight or slightly
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 119<br />
concave, distolateral tooth reaching to or slightly beyond level<br />
of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender<br />
median process; 1st pereopod slightly overreaching antennal<br />
scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus 4 /5 as long as<br />
palm; about about 3 times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin concave, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Maldive Islands, South China<br />
Sea, Indonesia, and Queensland, Australia; associated with<br />
gorgonians and, less commonly, hydroids.<br />
144. Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969<br />
Periclimenes ornatus Bruce, 1969b:266 [type locality: Lung Ha Wan, Hong<br />
Kong]; 1982e:252, figs. 11, 12.—Fransen, 1989:136, fig. 3a-i.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, rather deep, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 6-7/0-1,<br />
posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal<br />
rostral series, situated slightly posterior to level of orbital<br />
margin, anterior to hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital<br />
or postorbital tooth, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising posteriorly and slightly ventrally to level<br />
of latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
orbital angle acute, not ovate; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as<br />
long as 5th, telson with 2 pairs of well-developed dorsal spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, at about 0.3 and 0.6 of length; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle<br />
with 1 distolateral tooth on basal segment; antennal scale about<br />
2'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin straight, distolateral<br />
tooth not exceeding distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
with transverse ridge having small closed median notch; 1st<br />
pereopod with fingers subspatulate, cutting edges entire; 2nd<br />
pereopods similar, subequal, with fingers about ] /2 as long as<br />
palm, carpus about '/3 as long as palm, about l 3 /4 times longer<br />
than wide, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not<br />
biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus with small<br />
distoventral spine only, not segmented; uropod not overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length to<br />
about 4.8 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea, Kenya, Japan, Hong Kong, Indonesia,<br />
Great Barrier Reef, Norfolk Island to Marshall Islands.<br />
145. Periclimenes pectiniferus Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) pectiniferus Holthuis. 1952c:48, figs. 15, 16 [type<br />
locality: Pulau Kabaladua, Makassar Strait, Indonesia: 22 m].<br />
Periclimenes pectiniferus.—Bruce, 1983d:209.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum somewhat palaemonid, not<br />
overreaching antennal scale, directed slightly anteroventrad,<br />
rostral formula 1-2 + 7/1, posteriormost tooth not isolated<br />
from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated nearly in line<br />
with hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate;<br />
abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs<br />
of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair<br />
arising at mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not<br />
ogival; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale about 3 times as long as wide, lateral<br />
margin slightly concave, distolateral tooth not quite reaching<br />
level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal<br />
scale by slightly more than length of chela, fingers subspatulate,<br />
pectinate on greater part of opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopods slender, subequal, fingers 2 /3 as long as palm, carpus<br />
3 /5 as long as palm, about 2'/2 times as long as distal width,<br />
without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate,<br />
without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin nearly straight, propodus with spinules on flexor<br />
margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching extended telson;<br />
postorbital carapace length about 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from a single specimen from east of<br />
Townsville, Queensland, Australia, in 3O-35m, in addition to<br />
the two syntypes from Makassar Strait.<br />
146. Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzly, 1983<br />
Periclimenes pilipes Bruce and Zmarzly, 1983:644, figs. 1-6 [type locality:<br />
southern tip of Medren Islet, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands;<br />
11°24'N,162°22'E;3 m].—Bruce. 1989b:177, fig. 3a.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, narrowly palaemonid, directed slightly anteroventrad,<br />
rostral formula 0 + 5-7/1-2, posteriormost tooth not isolated<br />
from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated slightly anterior<br />
to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or<br />
postorbital spine, hepatic spine more robust than antennal<br />
spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond<br />
anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle triangular, not ovate;<br />
abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs<br />
of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair<br />
arising slightly posterior to mid-length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
at least 2 distolateral spines on basal segment, antennal scale<br />
about 2 3 /4 times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight,<br />
distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal margin of<br />
blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1st
120<br />
pereopod slightly overreaching antennal scale, fingers minutely<br />
crenulate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods unequal,<br />
similar, fingers about '/3 as long as palm, carpus about '/3 as<br />
long as palm, about 1 '/3 times as long as wide, unarmed, merus<br />
with distal angle of flexor margin bluntly produced, not<br />
dentate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl very unequally biunguiculate<br />
and with 3 long, slender spines in same transverse line arising<br />
from distodorsal margin of corpus at base of unguis, flexor<br />
margin distinctly sinuous but without denticulate lobe, propodus<br />
with few small spines on distal x fc of flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; uropod considerably overreaching extended telson;<br />
postorbital carapace length about 3'/2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Philippines and Marshall Islands; associated with<br />
crinoids.<br />
147. Periclimenes platycheles Holthuis, 1952<br />
Peridimenes (Harpilius) platycheles Holthuis. 1952c:85. fig. 33 [lype locality:<br />
the 2 syntypes came from two different Indonesian localities: Pulau Fau west<br />
of Pulau Gebe, Halmahera Sea (31 m) and off Atiationim, Western New<br />
Guinea (to 57 m)].—Miyake and Fujino. 1968:409. fig. 3c-f.<br />
Periclimenes platycheles.—Bruce, 1983d:210.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum slightly overreaching<br />
antennal scale, slender, directed anterodorsad in anterior '/2,<br />
rostral formula 1 + 5-6/5-6, posteriormost tooth not isolated<br />
from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated slightly<br />
posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital<br />
or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending<br />
beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle broadly<br />
rounded, not spatulate; abdomen with 6th somite 1 '/2 times as<br />
long as fifth; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior<br />
to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to mid-length;<br />
eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale 4 3 /4 times as long as wide, lateral margin deeply<br />
concave, distolateral spine distinctly overreaching truncate<br />
distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median<br />
process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of<br />
chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus more than 7<br />
times as long as distal width, with 2 distal spines, merus with<br />
distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus<br />
with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended<br />
telson; maximum postorbital carapace length less than 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Indonesia; Queensland, Australia; and Palau Islands.<br />
<strong>•</strong>148. Periclimenes psamathe (De Man, 1902)<br />
Urocaris psamathe De Man, 1902:816, pi. 25: fig. 51 [type locality: Ternate].<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) psamathe.—Holthuis. 1952c:61, fig. 23.—Monod,<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
1976:14. figs. 1-28.<br />
Periclimenes psamathe.—Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:94.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum far overreaching antennal<br />
scale, slender, slightly crested above orbit, directed sinuously<br />
anteriorad or anterodorsad, rostral formula 1 + 2 + 2 + 1/0,<br />
distoventral margins of 3 posterior teeth finely serrate,<br />
posteriormost tooth isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral<br />
series, situated variably posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepaticspine<br />
not noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising<br />
posterior or posterodorsal to latter, not extending beyond<br />
anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle variably produced<br />
anteriorly, sometimes subspatulate; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about 3<br />
times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of<br />
length; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally;<br />
antennular peduncle with I distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale 4 2 /j times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly<br />
straight, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of<br />
chela, fingers pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods<br />
grossly unequal, major chela with fingers about '/<strong>•</strong>» as long as<br />
palm, carpus 2 4 /s times as long as palm, nearly 25 times as long<br />
as distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth<br />
on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not<br />
biunguiculate, flexor margin rather deeply concave distally,<br />
propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace length more<br />
than 7 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5141; 6°09'N, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb<br />
1908 (0847-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male<br />
[1.9] 2 ovig females [4.2, 4.3]; sta 5145; 6°04'30"N,<br />
120°59'30"E; 42 m; coral sand, shells; 15 Feb 1908 (1344-<br />
1359); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 3 females [4.0-5.3],<br />
2 ovig [4.0, 5.3].<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa to South China Sea, Japan, Philippines,<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia, New Caledonia, and<br />
Marshall Islands; associated with gorgonians.<br />
149. Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981<br />
Periclimenes rectirostris Bruce, 1981c:2O4. figs. 12-15 [type locality:<br />
southwest of Manila Bay, Luzon, Philippines; I3 C 53.1'N, I2O°O8.9'E—<br />
I3°53.3'N, 12O°1O.7'E; 134-129 meters, probably associated with echinoid<br />
Eremopyga].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale,<br />
shallow, tapering, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 11-12/4-5,<br />
posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of dorsal
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 121<br />
rostral series, situated far anterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic<br />
spine stouter but not noticeably larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising slightly posterodorsal to latter, not extending beyond<br />
anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle subquadrate, not<br />
spatulate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on<br />
3rd somite, 6th somite fully 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson<br />
with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin,<br />
both pairs arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale about 5<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral<br />
tooth reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
stemite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by about length of chela, fingers<br />
subspatulate, pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers nearly as long as palm, carpus about '/2 as long as<br />
palm, about 2'/2 times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus with small distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin obscurely sinuously concave, propodus with spinules<br />
on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod overreaching extended<br />
telson; maximum postorbital carapace length nearly 6<br />
mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the three type specimens from<br />
southwest of Manila Bay; 134-129 meters.<br />
150. Periclimenes seychellensis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Periclimenes (Falager) seychellensis Borradaile. 1915:212 [type locality:<br />
Praslin, Seychelles).<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) seychellensis.—Kemp. 1922:176, figs. 34, 35; pi.<br />
6: fig. 7.<br />
Periclimenes seychellensis.—Bruce, 1974d:192.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale<br />
slightly, if at all, palaemonoid, directed slightly anterodorsad,<br />
rostral formula 2 + 5-8/2-5, posteriormost tooth somewhat but<br />
not widely isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series,<br />
situated distinctly posterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace<br />
without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not<br />
noticeably larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to<br />
latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
orbital angle bluntly acute, not spatulate; abdomen without<br />
compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite 1 '/2<br />
times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising anterior to<br />
midlength; eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally, stalk with dorsal tubercle; antennular peduncle with 1<br />
distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale 3 or more<br />
times as long as wide, lateral margin slightly concave,<br />
distolateral tooth reaching nearly or quite to level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with slender median<br />
process; 1 st pereopod not overreaching antennal scale, fingers<br />
not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers<br />
fully as long as palm, carpus subequal to or slightly shorter than<br />
palm, nearly 4 times as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, simple, not biunguiculate, flexor<br />
margin concave, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin,<br />
not segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching antennal scale;<br />
uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Mozambique, eastward to Indonesia,<br />
Papua, Australia, New Caledonia, and Marshall Islands; in<br />
algal communities.<br />
151. Periclimenes sibogae Holthuis, 1952<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) sibogae Holthuis. 1952c:73, figs. 28. 29 [type<br />
locality: anchorage, Kepulauan Banda. Indonesia; 9-36 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, shallow, sinuously horizontal, rostral formula 1 + 6/2,<br />
posteriormost tooth isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral<br />
series, situated in line with or slightly posterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine smaller than antennal spine, arising<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle shallowly rounded, not spatulate;<br />
abdomen with 6th somite only slightly longer than 5th; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal<br />
scale about 6 times as long as wide, lateral margin deeply<br />
sulcate, distolateral tooth distinctly overreaching distal margin<br />
of blade; 4th thoracic sternite with short, stout median process;<br />
1 st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of chela<br />
and part of carpus, fingers spatulate, pectinate on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers '/2 as long as palm, carpus<br />
less than '/2 as long as palm, more than twice as long as distal<br />
width, armed with 3 distal spines, merus without distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, simple, not<br />
biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus with spinules<br />
on flexor margin, not segmented; postorbital carapace length<br />
about 4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique holotype from<br />
Kepulauan Banda, Indonesia; 9-36 meters. (Dr. Holthuis has<br />
informed us that the specimens from the Sudanese Red Sea<br />
identified by him as P. sibogae and reported by Edwards and<br />
Emberton (1980:236) may not belong to this species.)<br />
*152. Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, 1969<br />
Periclimenes sinensis Bruce, (July)1969b:270 [type locality: Hong Kong; on<br />
alcyonarian]; 1982e:255. figs. 13, 14.<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) setoensis Fujino and Miyake, (November)
122<br />
1969a: 149, figs. 4, 5 [type localitty: Shiso-jima, Tanabe Bay, Wakayama<br />
Prefecture, Japan; 5 meters, associated with alcyonarian].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, palaemonoid, nearly horizontal, rostral formula 1 +<br />
8-9/2, posteriormost tooth not isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series, situated in line with or anterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle bluntly triangular, not ovate;<br />
abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite, 6th somite more than 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson<br />
with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin,<br />
anterior pair arising at about mid-length; eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular peduncle with<br />
1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale 2 3 A times<br />
as long as wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth<br />
not reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic<br />
sternite without slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale by about length of fingers, latter not<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods subequal,<br />
similar, fingers about as long as palm, carpus 3 /4 as long as<br />
palm, more than twice as long as distal width, without distal<br />
spines, merus without distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd<br />
pereopod with dactyl not subdistally truncate, without denticulate<br />
lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
concave, propodus with spinules on flexor margin, not<br />
segmented; 5th pereopod not overreaching antennal scale;<br />
uropod slightly overreaching extended telson; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length 2.3 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Islands, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5141; 6°09TSf, 120°58'E; 53 m; coral sand; 15 Feb<br />
1908 (0848-0905); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 ovig<br />
female [1.3].—Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5147;<br />
5°4r40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand, shells; 16 Feb 1908<br />
(1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 ovig female<br />
[2.1].—Off Tawitawi, Sulu Archipelago: sta 5151; 5°24'40"N,<br />
120°27'15"E; 44 m; coarse sand, shells; 18 Feb 1908<br />
(1307-1327); 12'Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 1 cephalothorax<br />
[2.0].<br />
RANGE.—Known previously only from Hong Kong and<br />
Japan; associated with alcyonarians. The depths at which the<br />
species was taken by the Albatross (to 53 m) represent a<br />
considerable extension of the known bathymetric range.<br />
REMARKS.—The posterior four or five teeth of the dorsal<br />
rostral series are articulated (not indicated by Fujino and<br />
Miyake) and the distolateral spine on the basal segment of the<br />
antennular peduncle resembles the illustration in Bruce (1982e,<br />
fig. 14B) more closely than the one in Fujino and Miyake<br />
(1969a, fig. 5a). On the other hand, the antennal scale and the<br />
dactyl of the third pereopod are more like those illustrated by<br />
Fujino and Miyake (1969a, fig. 5a,/) than those in Bruce<br />
(1982e,fig. 14C, and 13LJ).<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
153. Periclimenes soror Nobili, 1904<br />
1 Periclimenes parasiticus Borradaile, 1898:384 [type locality: Milne Bay,<br />
Papua].—Bruce, 1975d:281, fig. 2.<br />
Periclimenes soror Nobili, 1904:232 [type locality: Djibouti].—Gordon,<br />
1939:395, figs. 1-3.—Bruce, 1978e:299, figs. 1-6.—Bruce and Svoboda,<br />
1984:98.<br />
Periclimenes (Cristiger) fraler Borradaile, 1915:210 [type locality: Seychelles].<br />
Periclimenes hicolor Edmondson, 1935:10, fig. 3 [type locality: Kaneohe Bay,<br />
Oahu, Hawaii; on asteroid].<br />
Periclimenes (Periclimenes) soror.—Holthuis, 1952c:51, fig. 17.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, rather deep, directed anteriorad or very slightly anteroventrad,<br />
rostral formula 0 + 10/0, posteriormost tooth not<br />
isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated<br />
anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital<br />
or postorbital spine, hepatic spine not much larger than<br />
antennal spine, arising slightly posteroventral to latter, not<br />
extending beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle<br />
rather strongly produced triangularly, not ovate; abdomen<br />
without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th<br />
somite about l 2 /3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of<br />
dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, both pairs<br />
arising in posterior '/2 of length; eye with cornea hemispherical,<br />
not ogival; antennular peduncle with 2 or 3 distolateral spines<br />
on basal segment; antennal scale about 2'/3 times as long as<br />
wide, lateral margin nearly straight, distolateral tooth not nearly<br />
reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
without slender median process; 1 st pereopod not overreaching<br />
antennal scale, fingers spatulate, pectinate on opposable<br />
margins; 2nd pereopod pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers less than '/2 as long as palm, carpus also<br />
less than '/2 as long as palm, nearly twice as long as distal<br />
width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod without denticulate lobe on flexor<br />
margin, obscurely biunguiculate, flexor margin sinuous, propodus<br />
with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; uropod<br />
slightly overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 2.7 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia,<br />
and eastward to Hawaii and Society and Tuamotu islands to<br />
Golfo de Panama on the American coast; associated with<br />
asteroids.<br />
*154. Periclimenes spiniferus De Man, 1902<br />
Periclimenes petitthonarsii var. spinifera De Man, 1902:824 [type locality:<br />
Ternate, Pulau Damar-Besar, Teluk Djakarta, and Ambon, in Indonesia, and<br />
Tahiti, Society Islands].<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) spiniferus.—Borradaile, 1917:324, 369, pi. 52.<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) spiniferus.—Holthuis, 1952c:76, fig. 30.<br />
Periclimenens spiniferus.—Bruce, 1976c:95, figs. 5, 6.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, shallowly palaemonoid, directed somewhat anterodorsally<br />
in anterior '/2, rostral formula 1 + 5-8/2-5, posteriormost
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 123<br />
tooth slightly isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series,<br />
situated in line with or anterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace with supraorbital spine, hepatic spine smaller than<br />
antennal spine, arising posteroventral to latter, not extending<br />
beyond anterior margin of carapace, orbital angle not produced,<br />
not ovate; abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on<br />
3rd somite, 6th somite about 1 '/2 times as long as 5th; telson<br />
with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin,<br />
anterior pair arising considerably anterior to mid-length; eye<br />
with cornea hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle<br />
with 1 distolateral spine on basal segment; antennal scale about<br />
5 times as long as wide, lateral margin somewhat concave,<br />
distolateral tooth overreaching distal margin of blade; 4th<br />
thoracic sternite with slender median process; 1st pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale, fingers spatulate, pectinate on<br />
opposable margins; 2nd pereopod with fingers less than 2 /3 as<br />
long as palm, with sound-producing fossae on opposable<br />
margins of each finger, carpus about 'A as long as palm, about<br />
l 2 /3 times as long as distal width, with 2 distal spines, merus<br />
with distal tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus<br />
with spinules on flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod<br />
overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching extended<br />
telson; maximum postorbital carapace length about 5 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
[6°06'N, 120°58'E]; l'/4-2'/2 m; scattered coral and<br />
sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads taken<br />
ashore: 3 males [1.6-3.1], 3 females [2.0-3.0], 2 ovig [2.8,<br />
3.0].<br />
RANGE.—Probably the commonest and most widely distributed<br />
pontoniine shrimp in the Indo-West Pacific region, absent<br />
only from the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean and the<br />
Red Sea; free-living, frequently sheltering in coral colonies.<br />
<strong>•</strong> 155. Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898<br />
Periclimenes tenuipes Borradaile, 1898:384 [type locality: New Britain].—<br />
Brace and Svoboda, 1983:4, fig. 1.<br />
Periclimenes borradailei Rathbun, 1904:34 [replacement name for P. tenuipes<br />
Borradaile, 1898].<br />
Periclimenes (Falciger) kolumadulensis Borradaile, 1915:213 [type locality:<br />
Kolumadulu Atoll, Maldive Islands].<br />
Periclimenes (Ancylocaris) tenuipes.—Kemp, 1922:220, pi. 8: fig. 11.<br />
Periclimenes (Harpilius) tenuipes.—Holthuis, 1952c:84.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum overreaching antennal scale,<br />
shallow, directed anterodorsad in anterior '/2, rostral formula<br />
1-2 + 8-10/6-9, posteriormost tooth not isolated from<br />
remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of<br />
hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital or postorbital<br />
spine, hepatic spine not noticeably larger than antennal spine,<br />
arising posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior<br />
margin of carapace, orbital angle not spatulate; abdomen<br />
without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th<br />
somite about 1 '/3 times as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of<br />
dorsolateral spines anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair<br />
arising anterior to mid-length; eye with cornea hemispherical,<br />
not produced distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral<br />
spine on basal segment, antennal scale 6'/2-7 times as long as<br />
wide, lateral margin distinctly concave, distolateral tooth<br />
reaching far beyond distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite<br />
with slender median process; 1st pereopod overreaching<br />
antennal scale, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers slightly more than '/2 as long as palm,<br />
carpus about l'/3 times as long as palm, about 8 times as long<br />
as distal width, with 1 obscure distal spine, merus with distal<br />
tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin concave, propodus<br />
with short spinules on flexor margin, obscurely segmented, 5th<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale; uropod overreaching<br />
extended telson; maximum carapace length about 6 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Tawitawi, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5160; 5°12'40"N, 119°55'10"E; 22 m; sand; 22 Feb<br />
1908 (0829-0832); 9' Johnston oyster dredge: 1 male [3.3].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Palau and<br />
Marshall islands; generally free-living, sometimes associated<br />
with sea anemones.<br />
REMARKS.—The Albatross specimen from off Tawitawi<br />
lacks both second pereopods; its positive identification is<br />
therefore questionable, but it agrees with the description and<br />
illustration by Kemp (1922) in all other particulars.<br />
156. Periclimenes tenuis Bruce, 1969<br />
Periclimenes tenuis Brace, 1969b:272 [type locality: Chukwani, Zanzibar;<br />
6°15.rS,39°12.7'E; 1 foot, on crinoids]; 1982c:195, fig. 8c; 1983c:886.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, horizontal, rostral formula 0 + 5A), posteriormost tooth<br />
not isolated from remainder of dorsal rostral series, situated<br />
anterior to level of hepatic spine; carapace without supraorbital<br />
or postorbital spine, hepatic spine robust, arising well<br />
posteroventral to latter, not extending beyond anterior margin<br />
of carapace, orbital angle acutely produced, not ovate;<br />
abdomen without compressed dorsal prominence on 3rd<br />
somite; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines anterior to<br />
posterior margin, both arising on posterior l /r, eye with cornea<br />
hemispherical, not ogival; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral<br />
spine on basal segment; antennal scale narrow, lateral<br />
margin straight or slightly concave, distolateral tooth not<br />
reaching level of distal margin of blade; 4th thoracic stemite<br />
without slender median process; 1 st pereopod not overreaching<br />
antennal scale, fingers scissor-like, much longer than palm, not<br />
pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd pereopods similar, feeble,<br />
with fingers 3 times as long as palm, carpus about '/2 as long as<br />
palm, expanded distally but unarmed, merus without distal
124<br />
tooth on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not<br />
subdistally truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin,<br />
simple, not biunguiculate, flexor margin nearly straight<br />
proximally, strongly concave on unguis, propodus with long,<br />
spinulate setae on distal part of flexor margin, not segmented;<br />
uropod slightly overreaching extended telson; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 2'A mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea, Zanzibar, Ryukyu Islands, Indonesia,<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Marshall Islands;<br />
associated with crinoids.<br />
<strong>•</strong>157. Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969<br />
FIGURE 23<br />
Periclimenes toloensis Bruce, 1969b:275 [type locality: Ap Island, Tolo<br />
Channel, Hong Kong; 9-27 meters]; 1982e:258, figs. 15-18.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Integument smooth, not pitted, on lateral areas<br />
of carapace and abdomen; rostrum not overreaching antennal<br />
scale, rather shallow, horizontal, rostral formula 1-2 + 7/1,<br />
posteriormost tooth somewhat isolated from remainder of<br />
dorsal rostral series, situated posterior to level of hepatic spine;<br />
carapace without supraorbital or postorbital spine, hepatic<br />
spine no larger than antennal spine, arising posteroventral to<br />
latter, not extending beyond anterior margin of carapace,<br />
orbital angle produced, subovate; abdomen without compressed<br />
dorsal prominence on 3rd somite, 6th somite about<br />
twice as long as 5th; telson with 2 pairs of dorsolateral spines<br />
anterior to posterior margin, anterior pair arising at about<br />
mid-length; eye with comea hemispherical, not produced<br />
distally; antennular peduncle with 1 distolateral spine on basal<br />
segment; antennal scale about 3'/2 times as long as wide,<br />
distolateral spine not nearly reaching level of distal margin of<br />
blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process; 1 st<br />
pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of fingers,<br />
latter not pectinate on opposable margins; major 2nd pereopod<br />
with fingers slightly more than '/2 as long as palm, carpus<br />
slightly less than 2 /3 as long as palm, about 3 3 A times as long as<br />
distal width, without distal spines, merus without distal tooth<br />
on flexor margin; 3rd pereopod overreaching antennal scale by<br />
about length of dactyl, latter not subdistally truncate, without<br />
denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate, flexor margin<br />
faintly sinuous, propodus with few spinules on flexor margin,<br />
not segmented; uropod overreaching extended telson; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 2'/2 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Near Siasi, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5147; 5°41'4
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 125<br />
FIGURE 23.—Periclimenes toloensis, ovigerous female from Albatross sta 5147 (Sulu Archipelago), carapace<br />
length 22 mm: a, carapace and anterior appendages, lateral aspect; b, anterior carapace, lateral aspect; c, abdomen,<br />
lateral aspect; d, tail fan; e, left antennule, dorsal aspect;/, left antenna, dorsal aspect; g, right mandible; h, right<br />
1st maxilla; i, right 2nd maxilla;), right 1st maxilliped; k. right 2nd maxilliped; /. right 3rd maxilliped; m. right<br />
1st pereopod; n. same, chela; o. left (major) 2nd pereopod; p. same, fingers; q, right (minor) 2nd pereopod; r,<br />
same, fingers; s. right 3rd pereopod; I, same, dactyl.
126<br />
eye with cornea hemispherical, not produced distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with 1 small distolateral spine on basal segment;<br />
antennal scale about 2'/2 times as long as wide, lateral margin<br />
straight, distolateral tooth not nearly reaching level of distal<br />
margin of blade; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; 1st pereopod overreaching antennal scale by length of<br />
chela, fingers not pectinate on opposable margins; 2nd<br />
pereopod with fingers subequal to palm in length, carpus<br />
subequal to or shorter than palm, about 3-4 times as long as<br />
distal width, without distal spines, merus without tooth on<br />
flexor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl not subdistally<br />
truncate, without denticulate lobe on flexor margin, biunguiculate,<br />
flexor margin concave, propodus with few short spines on<br />
distal x lt> of flexor margin, not segmented; 5th pereopod<br />
reaching to about distal end of antennal scale; uropod<br />
overreaching extended telson; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length more than 5 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, and northern and<br />
western Australia; to a depth of about 5 m.<br />
REMARKS.—Some of the specimens referred in the earlier<br />
literature as P. holthuisi may well be examples of this species.<br />
Periclimenoides Bruce, 1990<br />
Periclimenoides Bruce, 1990c:616 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Periclimenaeus odontodactylus Fujino and Miyake, 1968b:85, figs. 1, 2;<br />
gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum well developed, overreaching anteriorly<br />
extended eyes, compressed laterally, dorsally dentate,<br />
lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or postocular<br />
eave, carapace moderately compressed, dorsal profile straight,<br />
without postrostral gastric teeth, anterior margin not produced<br />
anteroventrally as prominent convex lobe and not deeply<br />
concave (notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal suture,<br />
with antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin not<br />
posteriorly interrupted; abdomen with 5th pleuron rounded, not<br />
sharp-pointed; telson not curving ventrally, posterior margin<br />
not incised, median and submedian pairs of spines not curving<br />
ventrally, dorsolateral spines not particularly robust; epistome<br />
not bearing paired, horn-like processes; antennal scale well<br />
developed; mandible without palp, incisor process bidentate;<br />
3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided;<br />
2nd pereopods with chelae unequal, similar, opposable<br />
margins of fingers denticulate, not provided with socket and<br />
plunger closure; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus<br />
and ischium not fused, dactyl biunguiculate, not bearing<br />
hoof-shaped protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing<br />
teeth and mobile lateral spine.<br />
RANGE.—Japan, Hong Kong, Philippines, Australian Northwest<br />
Shelf and Great Barrier Reef; associated with sponges,<br />
Ircinia fasciculata.<br />
REMARKS=.—Only one species has been recognized.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
*160. Periclimenoides odontodactylus (Fujino<br />
and Miyake, 1968)<br />
Periclimenaeus odontodactylus Fujino and Miyake, 1968b:85, figs. 1, 2 [type<br />
locality: Ushitaka, Amakusa Island, Japan].<br />
Periclimenoides odontodactylus.—Bruce, 1990c:617, figs. 2, 3.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 4 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
sta 5142; 6°06'10"N, 121 °02'40"E; 38 m; coral sand<br />
and shells;15 Feb 1908 (1033-1044); 12' Agassiz Beam trawl,<br />
mud bag: 1 ovig female [3.9].<br />
RANGE.—See "Range" of genus.<br />
REMARKS.—This specimen agrees with the original description<br />
of P. odontodactylus in most particulars, including the<br />
unusual telson and the chelae of the first and second pereopods.<br />
The rostrum is armed with eight dorsal teeth, compared with six<br />
in the holotype and seven in the specimen from Hong Kong.<br />
*Philarius Holthuis, 1952<br />
Philarius Holthuis, 1952c:5, 15, 151 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Harpilius Gerlachei Nobili, 1905b: 160; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed at least dorsally throughout<br />
length, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or<br />
postocular eave; carapace somewhat depressed, dorsal profile<br />
straight or slightly convex, with or without 1 or more teeth of<br />
dorsal rostral series continuing onto gastric region, anterior<br />
margin not produced anteroventrally as prominent convex lobe<br />
and not deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal<br />
branchiostegal suture, with antennal spine, without hepatic<br />
spine, orbital margin not interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with<br />
pleuron of 5th somite blunt or acute; telson not curving ventrad,<br />
posterior margin not incised, median and submedian pairs of<br />
posterior spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not<br />
particularly robust; epistome not bearing paired, horn-like<br />
processes; antennal scale well developed; mandible without<br />
palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite with<br />
short stout median process; 1 st pereopod with carpus entire, not<br />
subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar, chelae not borne in vertical<br />
plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with<br />
socket and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not<br />
semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and<br />
ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing hoof-shaped protuberance,<br />
simple, uncinate; uropod with lateral branch bearing 1<br />
movable lateral spine.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Indonesia, Australia,<br />
and the Marshall, Gilbert, and Samoan islands; associated<br />
with acroporid corals.<br />
REMARKS.—Bruce (1982d:171) has provided a key to the<br />
three species currently assigned to Philarius. Periclimenes<br />
brevinaris Nobili, 1906b:42—still known only from the
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 127<br />
disintegrating holotype from the Persian Gulf—was provisionally<br />
transferred to Philarius by Bruce (1967b:568), but that<br />
author subsequently (1982d:172) stated that it is "probably not<br />
truly congeneric with the three other species [of that genus] and<br />
must still be considered incertae sedis."<br />
*161. Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905)<br />
Harpilius Gerlachei Nobili, 1905b: 160 [type locality: southern Persian Gulf off<br />
Trucial Coast]; 1906b:45, pi. 4: fig. 10.<br />
Philarius gerlachei—Holthuis, 1952c: 152 [part], fig. 69.—Bruce, 1982d, fig.<br />
7C—Fransen, 1989:145.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 0 + 3-6/1; carapace without<br />
supraorbital spines; 2nd pereopod without distal spine on flexor<br />
margin of carpus; maximum postorbital carapace length about<br />
6 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Marungas Island (south side),<br />
Sulu Archipelago; [6°06'N, 120°58'E.]; 1 ! /4-2»/2 m; scattered<br />
coral and sand; 10 Feb 1908 (1330-1500); diving, coral heads<br />
taken ashore: 1 male [2.5].<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Ryukyu Island,<br />
Philippines, Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and<br />
eastward to Solomon, Marshall, and Samoan islands; associated<br />
with acroporid corals.<br />
162. Philarius imperialis (Kubo, 1940)<br />
Harpilius imperialis Kubo, 1940c: 1, figs. 1-3 [type locality: Nankin-Hama,<br />
Haha-Jima, Bonin Islands].<br />
Philarius gerlachei.—Holthuis, 1952c: 152 [part].<br />
Philarius imperialis.—Bruce, 1982d, fig. 7B.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostral formula 1-3 + 6-8/1-3; carapace<br />
without supraorbital spines; 2nd pereopod with distinct distal<br />
spine on flexor margin of carpus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 6 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Indonesia, Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia, and eastward to Bonin, Caroline, and<br />
Marshall islands; associated with acroporid corals.<br />
Platycaris Holthuis, 1952<br />
Platycaris Holthuis, 1952c:5, 16, 172 [type species, by monotypy: Platycaris<br />
latirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 173; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, depressed dorsally, unarmed, with apically acute tooth,<br />
expanded laterally into broad supraocular eave; carapace<br />
strongly depressed, dorsal profile nearly straight, unarmed,<br />
anterior margin strongly produced anteriorly as prominent<br />
convex lobe below orbital notch, without longitudinal branchiostegal<br />
suture, without antennal, hepatic, or supraorbital<br />
spines, orbital margin strongly recessed posteriorly; abdomen<br />
with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not curving ventrad,<br />
posterior margin not incised, median and submedian pairs of<br />
spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not robust;<br />
antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender<br />
median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided;<br />
2nd pereopods similar, subequal, chela not borne in<br />
vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers not provided<br />
with socket and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not<br />
semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and<br />
ischium not fused, dactyl without prominent protuberance on<br />
flexor margin; uropod with lateral branch bearing movable<br />
lateral spine.<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa to Okinawa, Indonesia, Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia, and Fiji Islands; associated with<br />
oculinid coral Galaxea.<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species has been recognized.<br />
163. Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952<br />
Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 173, figs. 85, 86 [type locality: Ende,<br />
Flores, Indonesia].—Bruce, 1966d:l, figs. 1-5; 1985c:5, figs. 4, 5.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—See "Range" of genus.<br />
Platypontonia Bruce, 1968<br />
Platypontonia Bruce, 1968b:289 [type species, by original designation:<br />
Pontonia? brevirostris Miers, 1884:562; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, depressed dorsally, unarmed except for apical and<br />
subapical teeth in P. hyotis, not expanded laterally into broad<br />
supraocular eave; carapace strongly depressed, dorsal profile<br />
faintly convex, with strong antennal spine, without supraocular<br />
or hepatic spines, orbital margin strongly recessed posteriorly;<br />
abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not<br />
curving ventrad; posterior margin not incised, median and<br />
submedian pairs of spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral<br />
spines long or robust or both; antennal scale well developed;<br />
mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th<br />
thoracic stemite without slender median process; 1 st pereopod<br />
with carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar,<br />
subequal, chela not bome in vertical plane, movable finger not<br />
ventrad, fingers not provided with socket and plunger closure,<br />
movable finger normal, not semicircular; 3rd pereopod<br />
composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl<br />
without prominent protuberance on flexor margin; uropod with<br />
lateral branch bearing minute movable lateral spine.<br />
RANGE.—Madagascar, Seychelles, Japan, and Indonesia; in<br />
bivalve mollusks.<br />
REMARKS.—A key to the two species of the genus was<br />
published by Hipeau-Jacquotte (1971:139).<br />
164. Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1971<br />
Platypontonia hyotis Hipeau-Jacquotte, (March) 1971:126, Figs. 1-7 [type<br />
locality: near "Rildar, southwestern Madagascar; in bivalve Pycnodonta].—<br />
Bruce, 1983c:895, figs. 7J [as "Pycnodonta hyotis"], 10B.C.<br />
Platypontonia pterostreae Suzuki, (July) 1971:5, figs. 3, 4, pi. 3 [type locality:<br />
Hatsu-shima, Sagami wan, Honshu, Japan; in bivalve Pterostrea].
128<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with strong, anteriorly dentate median<br />
ventral carina in distal '/2; maximum postorbital carapace<br />
length 5.3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Madagascar, Japan, and Indonesia, and eastern<br />
Australia.<br />
Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985<br />
Plesiopontonia Bruce, 1985b:248 [type species, by monotypy: Plesiopontonia<br />
monodi Bruce, 1985b:25O; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed both dorsally and ventrally,<br />
lateral carina not expanded laterally into broad supraocular or<br />
postocular eave; carapace subcylindrical, dorsal profile faintly<br />
and sinuously convex, none of teeth of dorsal rostral series<br />
extending onto gastric region, anterior margin not produced<br />
posteroventrally as prominent convex lobe, not deeply concave<br />
(notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with<br />
antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbit not sharply defined;<br />
abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite subquadrangular; telson<br />
not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and<br />
submedian spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not<br />
robust; antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp;<br />
3rd rnaxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not<br />
subdivided; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and<br />
ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing hoof-shaped protuberance,<br />
not clearly biunguiculate; uropod with lateral branch<br />
probably bearing 1 movable spine flanked by acute tooth.<br />
RANGE.—Philippines.<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species is known.<br />
165. Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985<br />
Plesiopontonia monodi Bruce, 1985b:25O, figs. 13-17 [type locality: Balayan<br />
Bay, southwestern Luzon, Philippines; 13°49.6'N, 12O°51.OIL; 299-320 m].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; postorbital carapace<br />
length 4.4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the unique male holotype from<br />
Balayan Bay, Luzon, Philippines; possibly associated with<br />
bivalve mollusk Acesta.<br />
Pliopontonia Bruce, 1973<br />
Pliopontonia Bruce. 1973b:97 [type species, by original designation: Pliopontonia<br />
furtiva Bruce. I973b:99; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum barely overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, if at all, compressed, dentate dorsally, unarmed<br />
ventrally, not expanded laterally into broad supraocular eave;<br />
carapace somewhat depressed, dorsal profile nearly straight,<br />
anterior margin strongly produced anteriorly as prominent<br />
convex lobe separated by sinus from suborbital angle, without<br />
longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with strong submarginal<br />
antennal spine overreaching suborbital angle, without supraorbital<br />
or hepatic spines, orbital margin indistinct posteriorly;<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded; telson not<br />
curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised, median and<br />
submedian pairs of spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral<br />
spines small; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without slender median process;<br />
1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopods<br />
similar, unequal, chela not borne in vertical plane, movable<br />
finger not ventrad, fingers not provided with socket and<br />
plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular; 3rd<br />
pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not<br />
fused, dactyl without prominent protuberance on flexor margin;<br />
uropod with lateral branch armed with small fixed tooth and<br />
movable spine mesial to it.<br />
RANGE.—Kenya, Philippines, Indonesia, and Great Barrier<br />
Reef of Australia; associated with sea anemones (Actiniaria).<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species is known.<br />
166. Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973<br />
Pliopontonia furtiva Bruce, 1973b:99, figs. 1-5, pi. 1 [type locality: Ras<br />
Iwetine, Mombasa, Kenya; 4°00.55'S, 39°44.17'E; associated with actinodiscid<br />
Rhodactis rhodostoma in 1 meter]; 1981e:22.—Bruce and Svoboda,<br />
1984:97, fig. 7.—Fransen, 1989:144, fig. 8.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; postorbital carapace<br />
length 4.8 mm.<br />
RANGE.—See "Range" of genus.<br />
*Pontonia Latreille, 1829<br />
Alciope Rafinesque, 1814:24 [type species, by monotypy: Alciope heterochelus<br />
Raflnesque, 1814:24 (= Pontonia flavomaculata Heller, 1864:51); gender:<br />
masculine; name suppressed by plenary action of the International<br />
Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Opinion 522 (1958)].<br />
Pontonia Latreille, 1829:% [type species, designated by plenary action of the<br />
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Opinion 378<br />
(1956): Palaemon pinnophylax Otto, 1821:12; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum usually flattened dorsally, armed<br />
dorsally only near tip, if at all, often expanded laterally into<br />
supraocular eave; carapace depressed, dorsal profile slightly<br />
convex, dorsally unarmed, anterior margin usually produced<br />
anteriorly, without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with or<br />
without antennal spine, orbital margin not clearly interrupted<br />
posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite rounded, not<br />
acute; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised,<br />
median and submedian spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral<br />
spines variable; antennal scale well developed; mandible with<br />
palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not<br />
subdivided; 2nd pereopods similar and subequal or not; chelae<br />
not borne in vertical plane, movable finger not ventrad, fingers<br />
not provided with socket and plunger closure, movable finger<br />
normal, not semicircular, 3rd pereopod composed of 7<br />
segments, merus and ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing<br />
hoof-shaped protuberance, usually biunguiculate or multiunguiculate;<br />
uropod with lateral branch usually bearing 1 mobile<br />
lateral spine.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 129<br />
RANGE.—Pantropical and warm temperate waters; living in<br />
mollusks and ascidians.<br />
REMARKS.—Of the 22 or 24 currently recognized species of<br />
Pontonia, only five are known from the Philippines and/or<br />
Indonesia. All but one of those have been found in ascidians<br />
and are included in the key published by Bruce (1972c: 185).<br />
167. Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898<br />
Pontonia ascidicola Borradaile, 1898:389 [type locality: Blanche Bay, New<br />
Britain, in ascidian].—Holthuis, 1952c:165, figs. 79-81.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, dorsally flattened, with faint median carina on dorsal<br />
surface but unarmed dorsally and ventrally; carapace with<br />
antennal spine, lateral margin somewhat produced anteriorly;<br />
telson bearing 2 pairs of conspicuous dorsolateral spines,<br />
anterior pair not overreaching bases of posterior pair; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral spine curving around lateral margin of<br />
blade; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate slightly longer than<br />
terminal segment; 2nd pereopods unequal; 3rd pereopod with<br />
dactyl biunguiculate, elongate, bearing 7 teeth on flexor<br />
margin; maximum postorbital carapace length fully 2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea, Madagascar, Indonesia and Bismarck<br />
Archipelago, in ascidians.<br />
168. Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940<br />
Pontonia katoi Kubo, 1940b:55, figs. 21-23 [type locality: off Shimoda,<br />
Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, in branchial chamber of ascidiian Halocynthia).—Holthuis,<br />
1952c:158 [part], figs. 73c,d, 74a, 75c, 16a,bJ.e. llbM<br />
only.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, dorsally flattened, with faint median carina on dorsal<br />
surface, unarmed dorsally but with small, subterminal ventral<br />
tooth; carapace with antennal spine, lateral margin somewhat<br />
produced anteriorly; telson bearing 2 pairs of conspicuous<br />
dorsolateral spines, anterior pair not nearly reaching bases of<br />
posterior pair; antennal scale with long distolateral spine<br />
closely appressed to lateral margin of blade; 3rd maxilliped<br />
with penultimate slightly longer than terminal segment; 2nd<br />
pereopods unequal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate,<br />
short and stout, bearing 3 teeth on flexor margin; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length fully 2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Tanzania, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, and New<br />
Caledonia; in ascidians.<br />
<strong>•</strong>169. Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922<br />
Pontonia okai Kemp, 1922:261, figs. 89-92 [type locality: off Cape Negrais,<br />
Burma; IS^IM. 93°45'E; 73-126 m. in ascidian Ascidia).—Holthuis,<br />
1952c: 164, fig. 78.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, dorsally flattened, with strong median carina on dorsal<br />
surface but unarmed dorsally and ventrally; carapace with<br />
antennal spine, lateral margin produced anteriorly; telson<br />
bearing 2 pairs of conspicuous dorsolateral spines, anterior pair<br />
reaching nearly to bases of posterior pair, antennal scale with<br />
short distolateral spine overreaching distal margin of blade; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with penultimate about twice as long as terminal<br />
segment; 2nd pereopods unequal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl<br />
biunguiculate. elongate, bearing 11-13 teeth on flexor margin;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length 2.8 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago;<br />
sta 5558; 5°51'33*N, 12rorOO"E; 27 m; 18 Sep 1909<br />
(1517-1520); 6' McCormick trawl: 1 male [2.0] 1 ovig female<br />
[2.8], in branchial sac of Ascidia depressiuscula Heller.<br />
RANGE.—Kenya, Burma, South China Sea, Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, and Australia; in ascidians.<br />
REMARKS.—The pair of specimens from the Sulu Archipelago<br />
agrees well with the description in Kemp (1922), except<br />
that the tip of the rostrum is slightly less acute and the<br />
stylocerite slightly wider in the Albatross specimens.<br />
170. Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972<br />
Pontonia katoi.—Holthuis, 1952c: 158 [part], figs. 73a,b. 746, 15ajb4-f.<br />
16c.f,g, na.e.f [not P. katoi Kubo].<br />
Pontonia sibogae Bruce, 1972c: 182, fig. 1 [type locality: Curtis Channel, Port<br />
Curtis, Queensland, Australia; 42 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, dorsally flattened, without median carina on dorsal<br />
surface, unarmed dorsally, with subapical tooth ventrally;<br />
carapace with antennal spine, lateral margin angularly produced<br />
anteriorly; telson bearing 5 pairs of conspicuous<br />
dorsolateral spines; antennal scale with distolateral spine<br />
curving around lateral part of blade; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
penultimate slightly longer than terminal segment; 2nd<br />
pereopods subequal; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate,<br />
short and stout, bearing 3 teeth on flexor margin; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length 5.9 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Oman, Madagascar, Queensland, Australia, and<br />
Indonesia; 25-45 meters, in ascidians.<br />
171. Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952<br />
Pontonia stylirostris Holthuis, 1952c: 169, figs. 82-84 [type locality: between<br />
Pulau Misool and New Guinea; 1°42.5'S.47.5°47.5'E; 32 m].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overeaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, subcylindrical, armed dorsally with 2 subapical teeth,<br />
unarmed ventrally; carapace with antennal spine, lateral margin<br />
not distinctly produced anteriorly; telson bearing 2 pairs of<br />
conspicuous dorsolateral spines, anterior pair reaching nearly<br />
to bases of posterior pair, antennal scale with short distolateral<br />
spine reaching about to level of distalmost margin of blade; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with penultimate distinctly longer than terminal<br />
segment; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate, elongate,<br />
bearing 4-6 teeth on flexor margin; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length about 4 mm.
130<br />
RANGE.—Oman, Tanzania, Indonesia, and Queensland,<br />
Australia; 32-45 m, not known to be associated with<br />
ascidiaceans.<br />
*Pontonides Borradaile, 1917<br />
Pontonides Borradaile, 1917:387 [type species, by monotypy: Pontonia<br />
maldivensis Borradaile, 1915:213; gender masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, unarmed dorsally, lateral carina expanded into broad<br />
supraocular eave; carapace about as wide as high, dorsal profile<br />
somewhat convex, anterior margin produced anteriorly as<br />
convex lobe, without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with<br />
antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin incomplete<br />
posteriorly; abdomen with pleura of 5th somite rounded<br />
or acute; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not<br />
incised, median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not<br />
curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines small; antennal scale well<br />
developed; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped without<br />
exopod; 4th thoracic stemite without slender median process;<br />
1st pereopod with carpus entire, not subdivided; 2nd pereopod<br />
with chela not borne in vertical plane, fingers not provided with<br />
socket and plunger closure, movable finger not ventrad, not<br />
semicircular, 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and<br />
ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not bearing hoof-shaped<br />
protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing at least 1<br />
movable lateral spine.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa to Japan, Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, Great Barrier Reef of Australia, and Caroline and<br />
Galapagos islands; associated with alcyonarian, scleractinian,<br />
and antipatharian corals.<br />
REMARKS.—The true identity of the Indo-Pacific species<br />
referred by Holthuis (1952c) and Fujino and Miyake (1969d) to<br />
Pontonides unciger—an apparent representative of which was<br />
collected at Albatross Station 5147—must await the revision of<br />
the genus suggested by Bruce (1978a:284).<br />
Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915<br />
Pontoniopsis Borradaile, 1915:207 [type species, by monotypy: Pontoniopsis<br />
comanthi Borradaile, 1915:213; gender feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum sometimes overreaching anteriorly<br />
extended eyes, flattened dorsally, unarmed, lateral carina<br />
slightly expanded laterally but not forming broad supraocular<br />
eave; carapace with dorsal profile nearly straight, not lobate or<br />
dentate, anterior margin very slightly produced anteroventrally,<br />
not deeply concave (notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal<br />
suture, with antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital<br />
margin obscurely interrupted posteriorly, abdomen with pleuron<br />
of 5th somite narrowly rounded; telson not curving ventrad,<br />
posterior margin not incised, median and submedian pairs of<br />
posterior spines not curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines not<br />
robust; antennal scale well developed; mandible without palp;<br />
3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with carpus entire, not<br />
subdivided; 2nd pereopods dissimilar, unequal, movable finger<br />
not semicircular; 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus<br />
and ischium not fused, dactyl not bearing hoof-shaped<br />
protuberance, biunguiculate; uropod with lateral branch bearing<br />
1 movable spine flanked by immovable tooth.<br />
RANGE.—Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea to the Gilbert,<br />
Marianna, and Fiji islands, and the Florida Keys in the western<br />
Atlantic.<br />
REMARKS.—The two nominate species assigned to this<br />
genus are quite distinct (see Gore, 1981, table 3) and are<br />
apparently associated with two different classes of echinoderms.<br />
172. Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915<br />
Pontoniopsis comanthi Borradaile, 1915:213 [type locality; Mabuaig, Torres<br />
Straits, on Comanthus].—Holthuis, 1952c: 153, figs. 70, 71.—Bruce,<br />
1981h:396, figs. 3D. 4, 5.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum lanceolate, compressed; antennal<br />
scale with distolateral tooth not reaching level of distal margin<br />
of blade; 3rd maxilliped without arthrobranch; 3rd pereopod<br />
distinctly biunguiculate; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
about 1.2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Gilbert, Marianna, and Fiji islands.<br />
*Thaumastocaris Kemp, 1922<br />
Thawnastocaris Kemp, 1922:244 [type species, by monotypy: Thaumastocaris<br />
streptopus Kemp, 1922:244; gender: feminine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed dorsally throughout length<br />
and ventrally, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular<br />
or postocular eave; carapace slightly compressed laterally,<br />
dorsal profile nearly straight, 3 teeth of dorsal rostral series<br />
arising from gastric region, anterior margin not produced<br />
anteroventrally as prominent convex lobe and not deeply<br />
concave (notched), without longitudinal branchiostegal suture,<br />
with antennal spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin not<br />
interrupted posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of 5th somite<br />
rounded; telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not<br />
incised, median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not<br />
curving ventrad, dorsolateral spines long and strong; epistome<br />
not bearing paired, horn-like processes; antenna! scale well<br />
developed; mandible without palp; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
exopod; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median process;<br />
1st pereopod with carpus subdivided; 2nd pereopods subsimilar<br />
but usually unequal, fingers not provided with socket and<br />
plunger closure, movable finger normal, not semicircular, 3rd<br />
pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and ischium not<br />
fused, dactyl biunguiculate but not bearing hoof-shaped<br />
protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing 1 movable<br />
spine flanked by immovable tooth.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and eastern Africa, Philippines, Indone-
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 131<br />
sia, New Caledonia, and Caroline and Marshall islands;<br />
associated with sponges.<br />
REMARKS.—Only one species is known.<br />
*173. Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922<br />
Thaumastocaris streptopus Kemp, 1922:244, figs. 78-80 [type locality:<br />
Noumea, New Caledonia].—Holthuis, 1952c:lll, figs. 46, 47.—Bruce and<br />
Svoboda. 1983:25, fig. 9.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum carapace<br />
length 8.4 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Jolo Island, Sulu Archipelago:<br />
sta 5136; 6°04'20 // N, 120°59'20"E; 40 m; sand, shells;<br />
14 Feb 1908 (0907-0927); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, 2 mud<br />
bags: 1 male [7.1]; sta 5145; 6°04'30"N, 12O°59'3O"E; 42 m;<br />
coral sand, shells; 15 Feb 1908 (1344-1359); 12' Agassiz beam<br />
trawl, mud bag: 1 ovig female [8.4].—Near Siasi, Sulu<br />
Archipelago; 5°41' 40"N, 120°47'10"E; 38 m; coral sand,<br />
shells; 16 Feb 1908 (1127-1147); 12' Agassiz beam trawl,<br />
mud bag: 1 female [5.2].<br />
RANGE.—See "Range" of genus.<br />
REMARKS.—The first pereopods seem to be unusually<br />
variable in this species. In the male from Albatross station<br />
5136, both members of the pair are virtually identical, are more<br />
robust than the stouter one illustrated by Holthuis (1952c, fig.<br />
46b), overreach the antenna! scale by the length of the chela and<br />
about one-half of the carpus, and have only one distinct carpal<br />
articulation. In the ovigerous female from station 5145, they are<br />
very unequal: the right overreaches the antennal scale by<br />
slightly more than the length of the chela, is a little more robust<br />
than the one depicted by Holthuis (1952c, fig. 46b), and has<br />
two distinct carpal articulations; the left overreaches the<br />
antennal scale by the length of the chela and most of the carpus,<br />
is very like the one shown by Kemp (1922, fig. 80a), and has<br />
five carpal articulations. In the smaller female from station<br />
5147, they are also very dissimilar: the right overreaches the<br />
antennal scale by the length of the chela and most of the carpus,<br />
agrees fairly well with the one illustrated by Holthuis (1952c,<br />
fig. 4c), and has five carpal articulations; the left overreaches<br />
the antennal scale by the length of the chela and about<br />
two-thirds of the carpus, resembles the one in Holthuis (1952c,<br />
fig. 46b), and has two and one-half carpal articulations. In an<br />
ovigerous female with a carapace length of 4.8 mm collected in<br />
Oyster Pass, Iwayama Bay, Palau Islands by F.M. Bayer and<br />
identified by L.B. Holthuis (USNM 155130), the first<br />
pereopods are only slightly unequal and dissimilar, and both<br />
have four carpal articulations. In one of two males associated<br />
with a blue trumpet sponge at the same locality (USNM<br />
155131) with a carapace length of 4.3 mm, the first pereopods<br />
are subequal in length, but the right member of the pair is<br />
distinctly more slender than the left and has four distinct carpal<br />
articulations, in contrast with only one articulation on the left<br />
side. The other male, with a carapace length of only 3.0 mm,<br />
has the first pereopods subequal in length, but the right is<br />
slightly more robust and has only three distinct carpal<br />
articulations, as compared with four on the left side.<br />
Eyed eggs, apparently nearly ready to hatch, in the female,<br />
measure about 0.6 mm in major diameter.<br />
*Vir Holthuis, 1952<br />
Vir Holthuis, 1952c:4, 8, 29 [type specimen, by monotypy: Palaemonella<br />
orientalis Dana, 1852a:26; gender masculine.]<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching anteriorly extended<br />
eyes, compressed laterally, armed at least dorsally throughout<br />
length, lateral carina not expanded into broad supraocular or<br />
postocular eave; carapace subcylindrical, dorsal profile nearly<br />
straight, with or without 1 tooth of dorsal rostral series on<br />
gastric region, anterior margin not produced anteroventrally as<br />
prominent convex lobe and not deeply concave (notched),<br />
without longitudinal branchiostegal suture, with antennal<br />
spine, without hepatic spine, orbital margin not interrupted<br />
posteriorly; abdomen with pleuron of fifth somite rounded;<br />
telson not curving ventrad, posterior margin not incised,<br />
median and submedian pairs of posterior spines not robust;;<br />
antennal scale well developed; mandible with inconspicuous<br />
palp; 3rd maxilliped with exopod; 4th thoracic stemite with<br />
slender median process; 1st pereopod with with carpus entire,<br />
not subdivided; second pereopods similar, fingers not provided<br />
with socket and plunger closure, movable finger normal, not<br />
semicircular, 3rd pereopod composed of 7 segments, merus and<br />
ischium not fused, dactyl simple, not bearing hoof-shaped<br />
protuberance; uropod with lateral branch bearing 1 movable<br />
lateral spine flanked by immovable tooth.<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Andaman Islands, South China<br />
Sea, Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, Great Barrier Reef of<br />
Australia, Marianna and Fiji islands and Hawaii; associated<br />
with corals.<br />
REMARKS.—Both known species of Vir have Philippine type<br />
localities.<br />
<strong>•</strong>174. Vir orientalis (Dana, 1852)<br />
Palaemonella orientalis Dana, 1852a:26 [type locality: Sulu Sea].—Kemp,<br />
1922:131, figs. 9-11.<br />
Vir orientalis.—Holthuis, 1952c:30.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Dorsal antennular flagellum with branches<br />
fused for about 6 articles; 2nd pereopod with palm about 2 ! /2<br />
times as long as wide and carpus 0.6 as long as palm; 3rd<br />
pereopod with propodus 7 times as long as wide; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length about 3.3 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Rapu Rapu Island, Lagonoy<br />
Gulf; [13°12'N, 124°09'E]; 3-4'/2 m; sand, coral; 22 Jun 1909<br />
91300-1800) dynamite: 1 male [2.1].<br />
RANGE.—Eastern Africa, Andaman Islands, South China<br />
Sea, Philippines, Marianna and Fiji islands, and Hawaii.<br />
REMARKS.—The single male specimen from the Albatross<br />
collections differs from Kemp's figures in having eight, rather
132<br />
than seven, dorsal rostral teeth, with the posteriormost tooth<br />
situated immediately above, rather than posterior to, the<br />
posterior orbital margin, and each finger of the 2nd pereopod<br />
armed with two low but distinct teeth.<br />
175. Vir Philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984<br />
Vir philippinensis Bruce and Svoboda, 1984:87, figs. 1-4 [type locality: Cebu,<br />
Philippines; associated with scleractinian coral Plerogyra].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Dorsal antennular flagellum with branches<br />
fused for 12 or 13 articles; 2nd pereopod with palm about 3'/2<br />
times as long as wide and carpus 0.8 as long as palm; 3rd<br />
pereopod with propodus 11 '/2 times as long as wide; maximum<br />
postorbital carapace length 3.0 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Ryukyu Islands, Philippines, and Great Barrier<br />
Reef of Australia; associated with corals.<br />
<strong>•</strong>ANCHISTIOIDIDAE Borradaile, 1915<br />
ANCHISTIOID1DAE Borradaile, 1915:205.<br />
ANCHISTIOIDINAE Gurney, 1938:2, 41.—Bruce. 1986a:467-469.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without lateral suture; telson typically<br />
with 1 pair of stout posterior spines; antennule with 2<br />
completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch; mandible<br />
with incisor process, without palp; 1st maxilla with mesial<br />
coxal lobe not unusually large; 2nd maxilla without endites;<br />
2nd maxilliped with marginal setae on distal segment not<br />
unusually stout or dense; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate<br />
segment neither articulated with nor much wider than next<br />
proximal segment; 4th thoracic sternite without slender median<br />
process; fingers of chelipeds not pectinate; 2nd pereopod with<br />
dactyl not distinctly serrate on extensor margin; all pleopods<br />
with appendices internae, at least in male; 2nd pleopod with<br />
appendix masculina in male.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea and Madagascar to Japan, Philippines,<br />
Indonesia, Australia, and Tuamotu Archipelago.<br />
REMARKS.—There is little doubt that recognition of this<br />
family is justified by the larval characters described by Gumey<br />
(1936) and by the typical dentition of the telson and the form of<br />
the endopod of the first pleopod of the adult.<br />
Only one genus is recognized.<br />
*Anchistioides Paulson, 1875<br />
Anchistioides Paulson, 1875:115 [type species, by monotypy: Anchistioides<br />
compressus Paulson, 1875:115; gender: masculine].<br />
Palaemonopsis Borradaile. 1899:410 [type species, by monotypy:<br />
Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1899:410; gender: feminine. Invalid<br />
junior homonym of Palaemonopsis Stimpson, 1871 (Crustacea)].<br />
Amphipalaemon Nobili, l90la:5 [substitute name for Palaemonopsis Borradaile,<br />
1899; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of the family.<br />
RANGE.—See "Range" of family.<br />
REMARKS.—Because of persistent uncertainty about the<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
validity and variability of the following nominal species of<br />
Anchistioides, the compilation of a useful key to the valid<br />
species is nearly as difficult today as it was when it was last<br />
attempted by Gordon (1935:345):<br />
Periclimenes antiguensis Schmitt, 1924b:84<br />
Type locality: English Harbour, Antigua, Lesser Antilles;<br />
surface<br />
Amphipalaemon australiensis<br />
See below<br />
Periclimenes barbadensis Schmitt, 1924b, pi. 3<br />
Type locality: English Harbour, Antigua, Lesser Antilles;<br />
surface<br />
= P. antiguensis Schmitt, 1924<br />
Anchistioides compressus Paulson, 1875:115<br />
Type locality: Red Sea<br />
Amphipalaemon cooperi Borradaile, 1915:209<br />
Type locality: South Nilandu Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
? = Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1899<br />
Amphipalaemon gardineri Borradaile, 1915:209<br />
Type locality: North Male Atoll, Maldive Islands<br />
? = Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1899<br />
Amphipalaemon Seurati Nobili, 1906a:259<br />
Type locality: "Tearia," Tuamotu Archipelago; 22 meters<br />
Palaemonopsis willeyi<br />
See below.<br />
176. Anchistioides australiensis (Balss, 1921)?<br />
Amphipalaemon australiensis Balss, 1921b: 11, figs. 3-6 [type locality: 45<br />
miles west-southwest of Cape Jaubert, Western Australia; 20 meters].<br />
Anchistioides australiensis.—Bruce, 1971g:24, fig. 6.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with 7 or 8 dorsal and 3 ventral teeth;<br />
carapace with sharp postorbital tooth; antennal scale with blade<br />
tapering to base of distolateral tooth, not angularly produced;<br />
2nd pereopod with fingers distinctly longer than palm;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length 13 mm.<br />
RANGE.—The specimen assigned to A. australiensis by<br />
Bruce (1971g) came from a depth of 9 meters in the Arafura<br />
Sea off Sungai Buaja, West New Guinea, while the type<br />
specimens of A. australiensis were found in 20 meters in the<br />
extreme eastern part of the Indian Ocean off Cape Jaubert,<br />
Western Australia.<br />
REMARKS.—There is a possibility that the specimen from the<br />
Arafura Sea represents an undescribed species, rather than the<br />
one described by Balss. It is fully three times as large as the<br />
Australian specimens, having a postorbital carapace length of<br />
13.0 mm, as opposed to 4 mm. It is armed postorbitally with a<br />
sharp tooth directed anteriorly, which seems to be obsolescent<br />
in Australian specimens. The telson is unarmed dorsally and<br />
bears a pair of "short, stout, intermediate" posterior spines,<br />
whereas Balss (1921b, fig. 4) shows two pairs of rather long<br />
dorsolateral spines in the anterior half of the telson and a pair of<br />
long, slender, intermediate posterior spines. Perhaps most<br />
significant is the fact that the blade of the antennal scale tapers
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 133<br />
to the base of the distolateral tooth (Bruce, 1971g, fig. 9c),<br />
instead of forming an angular distal projection, as in all other<br />
described species of the genus. Such a projection seems to be<br />
indicated by Balss, 1921b, fig. 3) and distinctly by Gordon<br />
(1935, fig. 23d), presumably from one of the type specimens of<br />
A. australiensis.<br />
*177. Anchistioides willeyi (Borradaile, 1899)<br />
Palaemonopsis willeyi Borradaile, 1900:410, pis. 36, 37: fig. 7.<br />
Anchistioides willeyi.—Gordon, 1935:344, figs. 23a, 24a.—Holthuis,<br />
1952c:214, figs. 106, 107.—Bruce, 1971g:22, fig. 8; 1978a:285, fig. 44.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum typically with 6-8 dorsal and 3 or 4<br />
ventral teeth; carapace with blunt postorbital tooth; antennal<br />
scale with blade angularly produced, not overreaching distolateral<br />
tooth; 2nd pereopod with fingers slightly longer than<br />
palm; maximum postorbital carapace length 10.5 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Off Romblon Island, Sibuyan<br />
Sea; sta 5179; 12°38'15"N, 122°12'30"E; 68 m; hard sand;<br />
24.3°; 25 Mar 1908 (1049-1104); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, 3<br />
mud bags: 1 male [7.8] 1 ovig female [9.2].—Western Basilan<br />
Strait, southwest of Zamboanga Peninsula, Mindanao; sta<br />
5134; 6°44'45"N, 121 °44'45"N, 121°48'E; 46 m; fine sand; 7<br />
Feb 1908 (0722-0742); 9' Tanner beam trawl, mud bag: 1 male<br />
[10.5].—Off Tawitawi, Sulu Archipelago; sta 5151;<br />
5°24'40"N, 120°27'15"E; coarse sand, shells; 18 Feb 1908<br />
(1307-1327); 12' Agassiz beam trawl, mud bag: 2 males [7.9,<br />
9.4].—Tumindao Reef (south end), Sulu Archipelago; [4°42'N,<br />
119°19'E]; scattered clumps of coral; 26 Feb 1908; electric<br />
light; 1 male [5.2] 1 female [6.4].<br />
RANGE.—Madagascar to Philippines, Indonesia, New Britain,<br />
and Great Barrier Reef of Australia.<br />
REMARKS.—There seems to be good likelihood that Gordon<br />
(1935:344, 345), who compared type specimens of A. willeyi,<br />
A. cooperi, A. gardineri, and A. australiensis, was correct in<br />
believing that these four species are conspecific, but complete<br />
confirmation must await the availability of additional collections.<br />
Somewhat less certain is the possibility that the four<br />
Madagascar specimens with long rostra, rostral formulae of<br />
8-13/6, and unusually long fingers of the second pereopod<br />
(Bruce, 1978a:286, 287), belong to that species, and the<br />
Albatross material does little to clarify the situation. Both<br />
specimens of the pair collected at Station 5179, in the Sibuyan<br />
Sea, seem to be typical of A. willeyi, with a rostral formula of<br />
6/3 and the fingers of the second chela 1.1 times as long as the<br />
palm. The male from Basilan Strait (Station 5134) has a rostral<br />
formula of 9/4, but the fingers of the second chela are barely as<br />
long, comparatively, as those of the typical form. The smaller<br />
male from off Tawitawi (Station 5151), has a rostral formula of<br />
9/3, but the second chelipeds are missing; the larger male has a<br />
rostral formula of 10/3 but the fingers and palm of the second<br />
cheliped are subequal. The male from Tumindao Reef has a<br />
rostral formula of 9/4 but the second chelipeds are lacking; the<br />
female has a rostral formula of 6/3 and the fingers of the second<br />
cheliped very slightly longer than the palm. In other words,<br />
four of the seven Philippine specimens have nine or ten dorsal<br />
rostral teeth, but in none of the four do the fingers of the<br />
second cheliped approach the length of nearly one and one-half<br />
times the length of the palm illustrated by Bruce (1978a,<br />
fig. 44B).<br />
GNATHOPHYLLIDAE Dana, 1852<br />
GNATHOPHYLLINAE Dana, 1852a: 16.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without longitudinal suture; telson<br />
with 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior margin; antennule with<br />
2 completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch;<br />
mandible without palp, with incisor process vestigial or absent;<br />
1st maxilla with mesial coxal lobe unusually large, mesial basal<br />
lobe reduced; 2nd maxilla without endites; 1st maxilliped with<br />
exopodal lash; 2nd maxilliped with distal segment bearing<br />
dense marginal row of stout setae; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
antepenultimate segment broad, at least proximally; fingers of<br />
chelipeds not pectinate; 2nd pereopod with dactyl not distinctly<br />
serrate on extensor margin; 1st pleopod without appendix<br />
interna on endopod; 2nd pleopod with appendix masculina in<br />
male.<br />
RANGE.—Pantropical and subtropical; sometimes associated<br />
with sea urchins.<br />
REMARKS.—Comparison of the 12 species representing four<br />
genera currently assigned to the family Gnathophyllidae<br />
reveals a homogeneity, especially in the anterior mouthparts,<br />
that seems to deny the proposed absorption of the heterogeneous<br />
palaemonid pontoniines into the family. The mandible is<br />
devoid of a palp in Gnathophylloides mineri and Levicaris<br />
mammilata (Edmondson, 1931); a vestigial incisor process is<br />
indicated in Gnathophylloides robustus, Gnathophyllum, and<br />
Pycnocaris. The first maxilla displays a very large mesial coxal<br />
lobe and a reduced mesial basal lobe in the two species of<br />
Gnathophylloides, in Gnathophyllum, and in Levicaris, with<br />
slightly less massive proportions in Pycnocaris. In all four<br />
genera, the second maxilla lacks endites. The first maxilliped is<br />
provided with a well-developed exopodal lash, and the caridean<br />
lobe is unusually produced in Gnathophylloides, Gnathophyllum,<br />
and Levicaris, being somewhat more broadly rounded in<br />
Pycnocaris. In the second maxilliped, on the other hand,<br />
disparity is rampant, reaching an extreme in the compact,<br />
five-segmented second maxilliped of Gnathophyllum; even in<br />
this appendage, however, there is structural similarity between<br />
the example in Levicaris—which is proportionately longer than<br />
the second maxilliped of any other decapod—and the tiny<br />
counterpart in Gnathophylloides mineri. There is discrepancy,<br />
also, between the operculate third maxillipeds of Gnathophylloides<br />
mineri, Gnathophyllum, and Pycnocaris and the more<br />
slender antepenultimate segments of that appendage in<br />
Gnathophylloides robustus and Levicaris.<br />
The following key may serve to distinguish these four<br />
genera.
134<br />
Key to Genera of Gnathophyllidae<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
1. Third pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate 2<br />
Third pereopod with dactyl basally broad, subtriangular, armed with single<br />
extensodistal spine 3<br />
2. Rostrum dentate dorsally; telson bearing 2 or 3 pairs of spines on posterior margin;<br />
3rd pereopod with extensor tooth of dactyl longer than flexor tooth<br />
Gnathophyllum<br />
Rostrum unarmed; telson bearing 1 pair of stout, downcurved spines on posterior<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with flexor tooth of dactyl longer than extensor tooth<br />
Pycnocaris Bruce, 1972g:50<br />
(Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean; seaward<br />
flats, associated with holothurians)<br />
3. Second maxilliped conventional, not elongate Gnathophylloides<br />
Second maxilliped remarkably elongate, overreaching 1 st pereopod<br />
Levicaris Bruce, 1973f:28<br />
(Ryukyu and Marshall islands, and Hawaii;<br />
associated with echinoids Heterocentrotus)<br />
Gnathophylloides Schmitt, 1933<br />
Gnathophylloides Schmitt, 1933:5 [type species, by monotypy: Gnathophylloides<br />
mined Schmitt, 1933:7; gender: masculine].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with dorsal teeth; telson with 3 pairs<br />
of spines on posterior margin; 2nd maxilliped not unusually<br />
elongate; 3rd pereopod with dactyl composed of subtriangular<br />
lamina bearing extensodistal spine.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar, Seychelles, Western Australia, Hawaii,<br />
and western Atlantic; associated with echinoids.<br />
REMARKS.—Neither of the two currently recognized species<br />
of Gnathophylloides has been recorded from the Philippine-<br />
Indonesian region, but it is probable that they will eventually be<br />
found there. They are comparatively characterized in Bruce<br />
(1973f:27).<br />
178. Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt, 1933<br />
Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt, 1933:7, fig. 3 [type locality: Ensenada,<br />
Puerto Rico]; 1935:167, fig. 31.—Bruce, 1974e:313, fig. 1.<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum not overreaching eyes; carapace<br />
rounded anteroventrally; telson with lateral margin convex,<br />
posterior margin not bilobed, without posteromedian carina;<br />
eyestalk not extending distally beyond cornea; antennal scale<br />
widest in proximal l /2, lateral margin distinctly concave;<br />
mandible without trace of incisor process; 2nd maxilliped with<br />
2 distal segments, together, subquadrate; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
antepenultimate segment 1 3 A times as long as wide in proximal<br />
'/2, lateral margin slightly convex, exopod longer than<br />
endopod; 1st pereopod without acute distal prolongation on<br />
basis; 2nd pereopod with chela about 3 times as long as wide,<br />
movable finger unarmed on opposable margin; color pattern of<br />
single wide longitudinal stripe of dark brown or black;<br />
maximum postorbital carapace length 2.3 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Zanzibar, Seychelles, New South Wales, Australia,<br />
Tonga Islands, Hawaii, and western Atlantic from Florida<br />
to Yucatan and Grenadines: associated with echinoids<br />
Tripneustes.<br />
179. Gnathophylloides robustus Bruce, 1973<br />
Gnathophylloides robustus Bruce, 1973f:17, figs. 1-7 [type locality: off Point<br />
Moore, Geraldton, Western Australia; associated with echinoid Centrostephanus<br />
in 3 meters].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum overreaching eyes; carapace acute<br />
anteroventrally; telson with lateral margins nearly straight,<br />
posterior margin bilobed, with short posteromedian carina;<br />
eyestalk produced distally beyond cornea; antennal scale with<br />
margins subparallel, lateral margin nearly straight; mandible<br />
with vestige of incisor process; 2nd maxilliped with 2 distal<br />
segments, together, elongate triangular; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
antepenultimate segment 3 3 A times as long as wide, lateral<br />
margin distinctly concave, exopod shorter than endopod; 1st<br />
pereopod with acute distal prolongation on basis; 2nd pereopod<br />
with chela about 5 times as long as wide, movable finger with<br />
single tooth on opposable margin; color pattern of fine<br />
longitudinal red stripes; maximum postorbital carapace length<br />
6.2 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Known only from the type locality off Western<br />
Australia; associated with echinoid, Centrostephanus.<br />
REMARKS.—Because of the numerous differences, especially<br />
in the second and third maxillipeds, between the two<br />
species assigned to Gnathophylloides, G. robustus may qualify<br />
as a distinct genus, unless intermediate forms eventually<br />
appear.<br />
Gnathophyllum Latreille, 1819<br />
Gnatophyllum Latreille, 1819:72 [type species, selected by H. Milne Edwards<br />
in Cuvier, 1837, pi. 52: fig. 2: Alpheus elegans Risso, 1816:92; gender<br />
neuter].<br />
Gnathophyllum Desmarest, 1823:322-324 [emendation of Gnatophyllum<br />
Latreille, 1819].<br />
Drimo Risso, 1827:70 [type species, by monotypy: Alpheus Elegans Risso,<br />
1816:92; gender: masculine].
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> I35<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum with dorsal teeth; telson with 2 or 3 with echinoids.<br />
pairs of spines on posterior margin; 2nd maxilliped short and REMARKS.—Eight currently recognized species of Gnathobroad;<br />
3rd maxilliped operculate; 3rd pereopod biunguiculate. phyllum, covered in the following key, are remarkably similar<br />
RANGE.—Pantropical and subtropical; sometimes associated morphologically but most display diagnostic color patterns.<br />
Key to Species of Gnathophyllum<br />
1. Posterior tooth of dorsal rostral series situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to level of<br />
posterior orbital margin; nearly uniformly dark colored with or without pale<br />
transverse stripes 2<br />
Posterior tooth of dorsal rostral series situated directly above or posterior to level of<br />
posterior orbital margin; color pattern consisting of spots, either few large,<br />
discretely distributed, and encircled with dark pigment or numerous small,<br />
crowded, not peripherally accentuated 3<br />
2. Cornea of eye distinctly ogival; 3rd pereopod usually more slender, merus 3.2-6.5<br />
times as long as wide; carapace and abdomen, except for 6th somite and telson,<br />
dark brown with whitish transverse stripes-6 on carapace, 10 on 5 anterior<br />
abdominal somites; ovigerous females with portorbital carapace length<br />
2.3-4.4 mm 180. G. americanum<br />
Cornea of eye with or without distinct distal papilla; 3rd pereopod usually stouter,<br />
merus 2.9-4.0 times as long as wide; carapace and abdomen usually uniformly<br />
blackish, fading on posterior x li of telson; ovigerous females with postorbital<br />
carapace length 1.8-2.3 mm<br />
G. ascensione Manning and Chace, 1990:11, figs. 5, 6, 8<br />
(Ascension Island, South Atlantic;<br />
probably associated with echinoids)<br />
3. Telson with posterior pair of lateral spines situated so far posteriorly as to be hardly<br />
distinguishable from true posterior spines; color pattern consisting of few large<br />
spots encircled with dark pigment 4<br />
Telson with posterior pair of lateral spines variably but distinctly removed anteriorly<br />
from posterior spines; color pattern consisting of numerous small, crowded spots<br />
not bounded by dark color 5<br />
4. Pereopods slender, dactyl of 3rd pair with accessory tooth on flexor margin sharply<br />
acute, propodus more than 12 times as long as wide; color brown marked with<br />
discrete darker reddish brown circles<br />
G. circellum Manning, 1963:54, figs. 3, 4<br />
(Florida Keys and Bahamas, western Atlantic;<br />
cryptic in coral heads to depth of 6 meters)<br />
Pereopods stouter, dactyl of 3rd pair with accessory tooth on flexor margin broadly<br />
rather than sharply acute, propodus less than 8 times as long as wide; color orange<br />
marked with cream-colored spots outlined in dark brown or black<br />
G. splendens Chace and Fuller, 1971:493, figs. 1-5<br />
(Puerto Rico, western Atlantic)<br />
5. Antennular peduncle with stylocerite overreaching distal margin of 1st segment<br />
6<br />
Antennular peduncle with stylocerite not reaching level of distal margin of 1st<br />
segment 7<br />
6. Rostrum armed with 4 or more dorsal teeth; principal color pattern consisting of light<br />
spots on dark brown background G. panamense Faxon, 1893:198<br />
(Gulf of California, Panama, Galapagos<br />
Islands; tidepools to 20 meters)<br />
Rostrum armed with only 2 dorsal teeth; principal color pattern consisting of brown<br />
spots on light yellow background G. precipuum Titgen, 1989:203<br />
(Hawaii; 9-12 meters)
136<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
7. Brown color not extending as far as anterior margin of carapace ventral to antennal<br />
spine G. elegans (Risso, 1816:92, pi. 2: fig. 4)<br />
(Mediterranean and Azores, Madeira,<br />
and Canary islands; 2-10 meters)<br />
Brown color extending to entire anterior margin of carapace ventral to antennal spine<br />
G. modestum Hay, 1917:395, fig. 14<br />
(North Carolina and Florida Keys, western<br />
Atlantic; to a depth of 27 meters)<br />
180. GnathophyUum americanum Guerin-Meneville, 1855<br />
Gnathophyllum americanum Gue'rin-Me'neville, 1855:viii, pi. 2: fig. 14 [type<br />
locality: Cuba].—Holthuis, 1949b:244, figs. 5, 6.—Manning, 1963:58, figs.<br />
5, 6.—Bruce, 1975f:25, fig. 12 [color].—Manning and Chace, 1990:12, 13,<br />
fig. 7.<br />
Gnathophyllum fasciolatum Stimpson, 1860:28 [type locality: Port Jackson,<br />
Australia].<br />
Gnathophyllum zebra Richters, 1880:161, pi. 17: figs. 18-20,22 [type locality:<br />
Hot Fouquets, Mauritius].<br />
Gnathophyllum pallidum Ortmann, 1890:537 [type locality: Tahiti].<br />
Gnathophyllum tridens Nobili, 1906a: 259 [type locality: Rikitea, Tuamotu<br />
Archipelago; outer reef].<br />
Gnathophyllum minuscularium Armstrong, 1940:9, fig. 4C-K [type locality:<br />
The Reach, St George Island, Bermuda; surface].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Rostrum armed with 3-5 dorsal teeth, posterior<br />
tooth of series situated on rostrum, proper, anterior to level<br />
of posterior orbital margin; telson with posterior pair of lateral<br />
spines variably but distinctly removed anteriorly from posterior<br />
spines; cornea of eye distinctly papillate distally; antennular<br />
peduncle with stylocerite reaching about to level of articulation<br />
with 2nd segment; 3rd pereopod slender, merus 3V4-6V2 times<br />
as long as wide; carapace and abdomen, except for 6th somite<br />
and telson, dark brown with whitish transverse stripes-6 on<br />
carapace, 10 on 5 anterior abdominal somites; ovigerous<br />
females with postocular carapace length of 2.3-4.4 mm.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to South Africa and eastward through<br />
Indo-Pacific region to Tuamotu Archipelago, western Atlantic<br />
from Bermuda and southern Florida throughout Gulf of Mexico<br />
and Caribbean Sea, eastern Atlantic from Canary Islands; to a<br />
depth of 50 meters, occasionally associated with echinoderms<br />
and has even "been observed browsing on the papulae of<br />
several asteroids by means of the highly modified outer<br />
maxillipeds." (Bruce, 1975f:27).<br />
"HYMENOCERIDAE Ortmann, 1890<br />
HYMENOCERIDAE Ortmann, 1890:511.<br />
Key to Genera and Species of Hymenoceridae<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Carapace without longitudinal suture; telson<br />
with 2 pairs of spines on posterior margin; antennule with 2<br />
completely separate flagella, 1 with accessory branch, sometimes<br />
foliaceous; mandible without palp or incisor process; 1st<br />
maxilla with mesial coxal lobe not unusually large, mesial<br />
basal lobe not reduced; 2nd maxilla with vestigial endite; 1st<br />
maxilliped with exopodal lash; 2nd maxilliped with marginal<br />
setae on distal segment not especially stout or dense; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with antepenultimate segment articulated with and<br />
distinctly wider than next proximal segment; 2nd pereopod<br />
with chela compressed toward flexor margin, sometimes<br />
foliaceously so, dactyl sometimes serrate on extensor margin;<br />
1st pleopod without appendix interna on endopod; 2nd pleopod<br />
with appendix masculina in male.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to South Africa and eastward through<br />
Indonesia and entire Pacific to Panama.<br />
REMARKS.—The fact that the three foliaceous distal segments<br />
of the third maxilliped are articulated, rather than fused,<br />
with the next proximal segment seems sufficient reason to<br />
resurrect Ortmann's familial designation of the three remarkable<br />
species in two genera recognized herein and characterized<br />
in the following key.<br />
Antennule with lateral (fused) flagellum greatly expanded into foliaceous form; 3rd<br />
maxilliped with penultimate segment wider than antepenultimate; 2nd pereopod<br />
with flexor margin of chela greatly expanded foliaceously<br />
*181. Hymenocera picta<br />
Antennule with both flagella conventional, not foliaceous; 3rd maxilliped with<br />
penultimate segment narrower than antepenultimate; 2nd pereopod with chela<br />
compressed and serrate on flexor margin but not foliaceous<br />
Phyllognathia Borradaile, 1915 2
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 137<br />
2. Rostrum slender, not expanded ventrally; eye slightly ogival; antennular peduncle<br />
with margins of basal segment subparallel, stylocerite overreaching midlength of<br />
segment; antennal scale with subparallel margins; 3rd maxilliped with antepenultimate<br />
segment longer than wide; 2nd pereopod with dactyl serrate on extensor<br />
margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl biunguiculate<br />
P. ceratophthalma (Balss, 1913:234)<br />
(Maldive Islands, Japan, and<br />
Great Barrier Reef of Australia)<br />
Rostrum deeply expanded ventrally; eye strongly and sharply produced distally;<br />
antennular peduncle with basal segment tapering distally, stylocerite not nearly<br />
reaching midlength of segment; antennal scale tapering distally; 3rd maxilliped<br />
with antepenultimate segment wider than long, 2nd pereopod with dactyl unarmed<br />
on extensor margin; 3rd pereopod with dactyl simple<br />
P. simplex Fujino, 1973b:90, figs. 1-3<br />
(Papua New Guinea, Japan, and Great<br />
Barrier Reef of Australia; 40-50 meters)<br />
*Hymenocera Latreille, 1819<br />
Hymenocera Latreille, 1819:71 [type species, designated under plenary powers<br />
of International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: Hymenocera<br />
picta Dana, 1852b:593; gender: feminine].<br />
Nematophyllum Bleeker, 1856:37 [type species, selected by Holthuis,<br />
1952d:345: Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852b:593; gender: neuter].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Antennule with lateral flagellum greatly expanded<br />
foliaceously; 3rd maxilliped with penultimate segment<br />
wider than antepenultimate; 2nd pereopod with flexor margin<br />
of chela greatly expanded foliaceously.<br />
RANGE.—Red Sea to Zululand and eastward through<br />
Philippines and Indonesia to Hawaii, Tuamotus, and Panama;<br />
preying on starfishes.<br />
REMARKS.—Debelius (1984:53) is the most recent author to<br />
recognize two species of harlequin shrimps. He based that<br />
conclusion on the fact that the Indian Ocean form is spotted<br />
with brown encircled with bright blue, while the Pacific form<br />
has wine-red spots. In the absence of apparent morphological<br />
differences and even of dissimilarities in the configuration of<br />
the spots in illustrations by Debelius and others-except for a<br />
sexual difference in "the second color patch on the side of the<br />
abdomen" (Wickler, 1973:225), we are disposed to treat those<br />
populations as representing color phases of a single species<br />
until there is evidence of more definitive taxonomic distinctions.<br />
Such evidence might be no more noticeable than minor<br />
but consistent disparity in the color pattern, as in Lysmata<br />
amboinensis (De Man, 1888) and L. grabhami (Gordon, 1935)<br />
(see Manning and Chace, 1990:23).<br />
*181. Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852<br />
Hymenocera picta Dana, 1852b:593; 1855, pi. 39: fig. 3 [type locality: Raraka,<br />
Tuamotu Archipelago].—Wickler, 1973:225, figs. 1-3.—Debelius,<br />
1984:53, 54 [color photos].<br />
Hlymenocera] elegans Heller, 1861:25 [type locality: Tor (Gulf of Suez)];<br />
1962c:264, pi. 3: figs. 9-14.—Debelius, 1984:53-55 [color photos].<br />
Hlymenocera] latreillii Sharp, 1893:119 [Indian region; Gu£rin-M£neville<br />
nomen nudum].<br />
DIAGNOSIS.—Characters of genus; maximum postorbital<br />
carapace length nearly 10 mm.<br />
MATERIAL.—PHILIPPINES. Tataan, Simalac, off Tawitawi,<br />
Sulu Archipelago; 19 Feb 1908: 1 male [3.7].<br />
RANGE.—See "Range" of genus.<br />
REMARKS.—See "Remarks" on genus.
Abele, L.G.<br />
1971. A New Species of Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915 (Crustacea:<br />
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Abele, L.G., and W. Kim<br />
1984. Notes on the Freshwater Shrimps of Isla del Coco with the<br />
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1989. The Decapod Crustaceans of the Panama Canal. Smithsonian<br />
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1894. Natural History Notes from H.M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer<br />
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1913. The Crustacea Decapoda of the Lake of Tiberias. Journal and<br />
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1910. Dredging and Hydrographic Records of the U.S. Fisheries Steamer<br />
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Armstrong, J.C.<br />
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Audouin, J.V.<br />
1826. Explication sommaire des planches de Crustaces de l'Egypte et de la<br />
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1907. Notes on South Australian Decapod Crustacea, Part V. Transactions<br />
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1913. Diagnosen neuer ostasiatischer Macruren. Zoologischer Anzeiger,<br />
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1914a. Ober einige Pontoniiden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 45(2):83-88,<br />
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1921a. Uber eine neue Pontoniide aus dem Golf von Neapel. Mitteilungen<br />
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1-8.<br />
1921b. Results of Dr. E. Mjobergs Swedish Scientific Expeditions to<br />
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1924. Ostasiatische Decapoden, V: Die Oxyrhynchen und Schlussteil<br />
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1958. Further Additions to the Crustacean Fauna-list of Portuguese East<br />
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1962. New Records of Marine Crustacea from the East African Region.<br />
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1863. On Some New Australian Species of Crustacea Proceedings of the<br />
Zoological Society of London, 1863:498-505, pis. 40, 41.<br />
1868a. On a New Genus, with Four New Species, of Freshwater Prawns.<br />
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1868:363-368,<br />
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1868b. Carcinological Gleanings, IV. Annals and Magazine of Natural<br />
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1888. Report on the Crustacea Macrura Collected by the Challenger during<br />
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Berggren, M., and I. Svane<br />
1989. Periclimenes ingressicolumbi. New Species, a Pontoniine Shrimp<br />
Associated with Deep-water Echinoids off San Salvador Island in<br />
the Bahamas, and a Comparison with Periclimenes milleri. Journal<br />
of Crustacean Biology, 9(3):432-444, figures 1-6.<br />
Blanco, G.J.<br />
1939a. Two New Decapods from the Philippines. The Philippine Journal of<br />
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1939b. A New Species of Palaemon from Northern Luzon. The Philippine<br />
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1856. Reis door de Minahassa en den Molukschen Archipel gedaan un die<br />
maanden September en October 1855 in het gerwolg van den<br />
Gouveneur-Generaal AJ. Duymaer van Twist. 2 volumes. Batavia<br />
(Jakarta): Laange & Co..<br />
Boone, L.<br />
1930. New Decapod and Isopod Crustaceans from Gonave Bay, Haiti.<br />
Zoologica (New York), 12(4):41-53, figures 7-10.<br />
1935. Crustacea: Anomura, Macrura, Euphausiacea, Isopoda, Amphipoda<br />
and Echinodermata: Asteroidea and Echinoidea. In Scientific<br />
Results of the World Cruise of the Yacht "Alva," 1931, William K.<br />
Vanderbilt, Commanding. Bulletin of the Vanderbilt Marine
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 139<br />
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Borradaile, L.A. 1969a.<br />
1898. A Revision of the Pontoniidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural<br />
History, series 7, 2:376-391.<br />
1899. On Some Crustaceans from the South Pacific, Part III: Macrura.<br />
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1898:1000-1015, 1969b.<br />
plates 63-65.<br />
1900. On the Stomatopoda and Macrura Brought by Dr. Willey from the<br />
South Seas. In Willey, Zoological Results Based on Material from<br />
New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands, and Elsewhere, 1969c.<br />
Collected during the Years 1895, 1896 and 1897, 4:395-428, plates<br />
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1901. Land Crustaceans. In J. Stanley Gardiner, The Fauna and Geogra- 1969d.<br />
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figures 12-23, plate 3.<br />
1915. Notes on Carides. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 8, 1970a.<br />
15:205-213.<br />
1916. Crustacea, Part I: Decapoda. British Antarctic ("Terra Nova")<br />
Expedition, 1910, Natural History Report: Zoology, 3(2):75-l 10,<br />
figures 1-16. 1970b.<br />
1917. The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905,<br />
under the Leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M.A. Volume 6,<br />
Number VIII on the Pontoniinae. Transactions of the Linnean 1970c.<br />
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1920. On a New Commensal Prawn. Annals and Magazine of Natural<br />
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Bosc, L.A.G. 1970d.<br />
1802. Histoire naturelle des Crustacis, contenant leur description et leurs<br />
moeurs, ax^ec figures dessinies d'apris nature, 1:1-258, plates 1-8;<br />
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Bouvier, E.-L.<br />
1895. Sur les Palemons recueillis dans les eaux douces de la Basse-<br />
Californie par M. Diguet. Bulletin du Musium National a"Histoire 1971b.<br />
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1965. Notes on Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, X: Periclimenes cristimanus sp. 1971c.<br />
nov., a New Pontoniinid Shrimp from Singapore. Annals and<br />
Magazine of Natural History, series 13, 7:487, figures 1, 2. 1971d.<br />
1966a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XI: A Re-examination of<br />
Philarius lophos Barnard, with the Designation of a New Genus,<br />
Ischnopontonia. Bulletin of Marine Science, 16(3):584-598, figures 1971e.<br />
1-5.<br />
1966b. The Re-discovery of Cavicheles kempi Holthuis (Decapoda Natantia,<br />
Pontoniinae) in the Comores. Bulletin du Musium National 197If.<br />
dHistoire Naturelle, series 2, 38(3):266-269, figure 1.<br />
1966c. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, I: Periclimenes tosaensis<br />
Kubo. Crustaceana. 10(I):15-22, figures 1-4. 1971g.<br />
1966d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, II: Platycaris latirostris<br />
Holthuis. Crustaceana, ll(l):l-9, figures 1-5.<br />
1967a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, III—IX: Descriptions of<br />
Some New Genera and Species from the Western Indian Ocean and<br />
the South China Sea Zoologische Verhandelingen Uitgegeven door 1972a.<br />
het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden, 87: 73 pages,<br />
figures 1-29.<br />
1967b. The Results of the Re-examination of the Type Specimens of Some 1972b.<br />
Pontoniid Shrimps in the Collection of the Musdum national<br />
d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Bulletin du Museum National a"Histoire<br />
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1968a. A Report on Some Pontoniid Shrimps from New Caledonia. Bulletin 1972c.<br />
du Musium National d'Histoire Naturelle, series 2, 39(6): 1148-<br />
1171, figures 1-10.<br />
1968b. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XII: The Re-examination<br />
of the Types of Pontonia brevirostris Miers. 1884, with the 1972d.<br />
Designation of a New Genus, Platypontonia (Decapoda, Natantia).<br />
Crustaceana. 15(3):289-297, figures 1-3.<br />
Preliminary Descriptions of Ten New Species of the Genus<br />
Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia,<br />
Pontoniinae). Zoologische Mededelingen Uitgegeven door het<br />
Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden, 44(12): 159-176.<br />
Preliminary Descriptions of Sixteen New Species of the Genus<br />
Periclimenes Costa 1844 (Crustacea, Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae).<br />
Zoologische Mededelingen Uitgegeven door het Rijksmuseum<br />
van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden, 43(20):253-278.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XIII: Propontonia pellucida<br />
gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Pontoniid Shrimp from the Amirante<br />
Islands. Crustaceana, 17(2): 141-150, figures 1-5.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XIV: Observations on<br />
Paratypton siebenrocki Balss. Crustaceana, 17(2):171-186, figures<br />
1-5, plate 1.<br />
Report on Some Commensal Pontoniinid Shrimps (Crustacea:<br />
Palaemonidae) Associated with an Indo-Pacific Gorgonian Host<br />
(Coelenterata: Gorgonacea). Journal of Zoology, London, 160:537-<br />
544, figures 1 -3.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XV: Hamopontonia<br />
corallicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Pontoniid Shrimp from Hong<br />
Kong. Crustaceana, 18(l):37-48, figures 1-4.<br />
Further Preliminary Descriptions of New Species of the Genus<br />
Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915, (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia,<br />
Pontoniinae). Zoologische Mededelingen Uitgegeven door het<br />
Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden. 44(21):3O5-3I5.<br />
Observations on the Indo-West Pacific Species of the Genus<br />
Palaemonella Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Pontoniinae). Crustaceana,<br />
19(3):273-287, figures 1-7, plate 1.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XVII: Eupontonia noctalbata<br />
gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Pontoniinid Shrimp from Manl, the<br />
Seychelle Islands. Crustaceana, 20(3):225-236, figures 1-5.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XVI: Onycocaris seychellensis<br />
sp. nov., a New Species of Shrimp from Mah6. Crustaceana,<br />
20(2);208-218, figures 1-6.<br />
Onycocaris zanzibarica sp. nov., a New Pontoniid Shrimp from East<br />
Africa. Journal of Natural History, 5:293-298. figures I, 2.<br />
Periclimenes attenuatus sp. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia,<br />
Pontoniinae), a New Commensal Shrimp from the Duke of York<br />
Islands. Pacific Science. 25(4):533-544. figures 1-5.<br />
On a New Commensal Shrimp Periclimenes hirsutus sp. nov.<br />
(Crustacea, Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae) from Fiji. Pacific<br />
Science, 25:91-99, figures 1-6.<br />
Pontoniinid Shrimps from the Ninth Cruise of R/V Anton Bruun,<br />
IIOE, 1964; I: Palaemonella Dana and Periclimenes Costa.<br />
Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 82:1-13, figure I.<br />
Records of Some Rare Pontoniid Shrimps from Australian Waters,<br />
with Remarks upon the Mouthparts of Some Species of the Genus<br />
Periclimenes Costa, 1844. Zoologische Verhandelingen Uitgegeven<br />
door het Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden, 114:1 -32,<br />
figures 1-9.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XIX: Allopontoniia iaini<br />
gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Echinoid Associate from Zanzibar<br />
(Decapoda, Caridea). Crustaceana. 22(1): 1-12. figures 1-5.<br />
A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniid Shrimps from Fiji, with<br />
the Description of a New Species of Coralliocaris Stimpson<br />
(Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia, Pontoniinae). Pacific Science,<br />
26(l):63-86, figures 1-11.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XX: Pontonia sibogae sp.<br />
nov., a New Species of Pontonia from Eastern Australia and<br />
Indonesia (Decapoda Natantia, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana,<br />
23(2): 182-186, figure 1.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXI: Typton bawii sp.<br />
nov., the First Occurrence of the Genus Typton Costa in the Indian
140<br />
Ocean (Decapoda Natantia, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 1975f.<br />
23(3):243-254. figures 1-6.<br />
1972e. Shrimps that Live with Molluscs. Sea Frontiers. 18(4):218-227, 1976a.<br />
illustrated.<br />
1972f. A Review of Information upon the Coral Hosts of Commensal<br />
Shrimps of the Sub-Family Pontoniinae, Kingsley, 1878 (Crustacea, 1976b.<br />
Decapoda, Palaemonidae). In Proceedings of the Symposium on<br />
Corals and Coral Reefs, pages 399-417, figures 1, 2. Cochin: The<br />
Marine Biological Association of India. 1976c.<br />
1972g. Pycnocaris chagoae gen. nov.. sp. nov., a New Shrimp from the<br />
Chagos Archipelago (Decapoda Natantia, Gnathophyllidae). Crustaceana.<br />
23(l):5O-64, figures 1-7.<br />
1973a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXIV: Dasycaris zanziba- 1976d.<br />
rica sp. nov. from the Western Indian Ocean, with Remarks on Other<br />
Species of Dasycaris Kemp, 1922 (Decapoda Natantia). Crustaceana.<br />
24(3):247-260, figures 1-6.<br />
1973b. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXII: Pliopontonia 1977a.<br />
furtiva gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Shrimp Associated with a<br />
Coralliomorph Zoantharian. Crustaceana. 24(l):97-109, figures 1977b.<br />
1-5. plate 1.<br />
1973c. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXIII: Tectopontonia<br />
maziwiae gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Coral Associate from 1977c.<br />
Tanganyika (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 24(2): 169-<br />
180. figures 1-4.<br />
1973d. Typton australis sp. nov., a New Pontoniinid Shrimp from the Great 1977d.<br />
Barrier Reef. Australia. Records of the Australian Museum,<br />
28(12):253-263, figures 1-4.<br />
1973e. The Pontoniinid Shrimps Collected by the Yale Seychelles Expedi- 1977e.<br />
tion, 1957-1958 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana,<br />
24(1): 132-142, figures 1,2.<br />
1973f. Gnathophylloides robustus sp. nov., a New Commensal Shrimp from 1977f.<br />
Western Australia, with the Designation of a New Genus Levicaris<br />
(Decapoda, Caridea). Crustaceana. 24( 1): 17-32, figures 1 -9. 1977g.<br />
1974a. Coralliocaris viridis sp. nov., a Preliminary Note (Decapoda<br />
Natantia. Pontoniinae). Crustaceana, 26(2):222, 1 figure.<br />
1974b. Periclimenes insolitus sp. nov. (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae), a 1977h.<br />
New Commensal Shrimp from Waikiki Beach, Oahu, Hawaii. 1977i.<br />
Crustaceana. 26(3):293-307. figures 1-8.<br />
1974c. Observations upon Some Specimens of the Genus Periclimenaeus 1977j.<br />
Borradaile (Decapoda, Natantia, Pontoniinae) Originally Described<br />
by G. Nobili. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle,<br />
series 3, 258 (Zoologie 180): 1557-1583, figures 1-15. 1978a.<br />
1974d. A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniinid Shrimps from the<br />
Island of Farquhar (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana,<br />
27(2): 189-203. figures 1-8. 1978b.<br />
I974e. The Occurrence of Gnathophylloides mineri Schmitt (Decapoda,<br />
Natantia. Gnathophyllidae) in the Indian Ocean. Crustaceana,<br />
26(3):3I3-3I5. figure I. 1978c.<br />
1975a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXVI: Neoanchistus<br />
cardiodytes gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Mollusc-Associated Shrimp 1978d.<br />
from Madagascar (Decapoda. Palaemonidae). Crustaceana,<br />
29(2): 149-165. figures 1-7.<br />
1975b. Further Observations on the Indo-West Pacific Species of the Genus 1978e.<br />
Palaemonella Dana, 1852 (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae). Crustaceana.<br />
29(2): 169-185. figures 1-7.<br />
1975c. Periclimenes colemani sp. nov.. a New Shrimp Associate of a Rare 1978f.<br />
Sea Urchin from Heron Island. Queensland (Decapoda Natantia.<br />
Pontoniinae). Records of the Australian Museum, 29(18):486-501.<br />
figures 1-8. 1979a.<br />
1975d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XXV: Further Observations<br />
upon Periclimenes noverca Kemp. 1922. with the Designation<br />
of a New Genus Zenopontonia. and Some Remarks upon Periclime- 1979b.<br />
nes parasitic us Borradaile (Decapoda Natantia, Palaemonidae).<br />
Crustaceana. 28(3):275-285. figures 1-3.<br />
I975e. Pontoma armata H. Milne Edwards (Decapoda Natantia. Pon- 1979c.<br />
toniinae)—A Correction. Crustaceana. 29(l):49-54. figures 1-3.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Coral Reef Shrimps and Their Colour Patterns. Endeavour,<br />
34( 121 ):23-27, figures 1-16.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXVII: Apopontonia<br />
falcirostris gen. nov., from Madagascar. Crustaceana, 31(3):3O1-<br />
311, figures 1 -5.<br />
A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from the<br />
Northern Indian Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biological Association<br />
of India, 1974 [1976], 16(2):437-454.<br />
A Report on Some Pontoniinid Shrimps Collected from the<br />
Seychelle Islands by the F.R.V. Manihine, 1972, with a Review of<br />
the Seychelles Pontoniinid Shrimp Fauna. Zoological Journal of the<br />
Linnean Society. 59:89-153, figures 1-30.<br />
A Report on a Small Collection of Shrimps from the Kenya National<br />
Marine Parks at Malindi, with Notes on Selected Species.<br />
Zoologische Verhandelingen Uitgegeven door het Rijksmuuseum<br />
van Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden,\45:l-72, figures 1-23.<br />
Pontoniine Shrimps in the Collections of the Australian Museum.<br />
Records of the Australian Museum, 31(2):39-81, figures 1-16.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXIX: Epipontonia<br />
spongicola gen. nov., sp. nov., from Wasin Island, Kenya.<br />
Crustaceana, 32(3):3O4-315, figures 1-5.<br />
Periclimenes kororensis sp. nov., an Unusual Shrimp Associate of<br />
the Fungi id Coral Heliofungia actiniformis. Micronesica, 13(1):33-<br />
43, figures 1 -4.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXVIII: Typton wasini sp.<br />
nov., from Wasin Island, Kenya. Crustaceana, 32(3):272-285,<br />
figures 1-7.<br />
The Occurrence of Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan) (Decapoda<br />
Natantia, Pontoniinae) in Queensland, Australia. Crustaceana,<br />
33( 1):97-100, figure 1.<br />
A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from<br />
Queensland, Australia. Crustaceana, 33(2): 167-181, figures 1-10.<br />
The Possible Identity of Coralliocaris macrophthalma (H. Milne<br />
Edwards, 1837) (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae). Crustaceana,<br />
32(2):2O3-2O5, figure 1.<br />
Shrimps that Live on Corals. Oceans, l(2):70-75, illustrated.<br />
The Hosts of the Coral-Associated Indo-West-Pacific Pontoniine<br />
Shrimps. Atoll Research Bulletin, 205:1-19, 1 figure.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXX: Some Periclimenes<br />
Species from Madagascar (Decapoda Caridea). Crustaceana,<br />
33(3):265-274, figures 1-5.<br />
A Report on a Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from Madagascar<br />
and Adjacent Seas. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society,<br />
62:205-290, figures 1-44.<br />
Paranchistus pycnodontae sp. nov. a New Pontoniine Shrimp<br />
Associated with an Ostreid Bivalve Host. Memoirs of the Queensland<br />
Museum, 18(2):233-24O. figures 1-5, plate 39.<br />
Typton crosslandi sp. nov., a New Pontoniine Shrimp, from the<br />
Galapagos Islands. Crustaceana. 35(3):294-300, figures 1 -3.<br />
Pontoniinid Shrimps from the Ninth Cruise of R/V Anton Bruun,<br />
IIOE, 1964, II: The Remaining Genera. Bulletin of Marine Science.<br />
28(1): 118-136, figures 1-3.<br />
Periclimenes soror Nobili, a Pontoniin Shrimp New to the American<br />
Fauna, with Observations on Its Indo-West Pacific Distribution.<br />
Tethys, 8(4)[1976]:299-306, figures 1-6.<br />
The Re-examination of Some Pontoniine Shrimp Types First<br />
Described by LA. Borradaile (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana,<br />
34(3):251-268, figures 1-9.<br />
Ctenopontonia cyphastreophila. a New Genus and Species of Coral<br />
Associated Pontoniine Shrimp from Eniwetok Atoll. Bulletin of<br />
Marine Science. 29(3):423-435. figures 1-7.<br />
Onycocaris anomala sp. nov., a New Pontoniine Shrimp from the<br />
Northern Territory. Australia. Records of the Australian Museum.<br />
32(2):69-79. figures 1-4.<br />
Onycocaris furculata sp. nov., a New Pontoniine Shrimp from La<br />
Reunion. Cahiers de i Indo-Pacifique, l(3):323-334, figures 1-4.
<strong>NUMBER</strong> <strong>543</strong> 141<br />
1979d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXI: Peridimenes<br />
magniftcus sp. nov., a Coelenterate Associate from the Capricorn 1983d.<br />
Islands (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Cruslaceana. Supplement<br />
5:195-208. figures 1-6, plate 1. 1984a.<br />
1979e. A Report on a Small Collection of Pontoniine Shrimps from<br />
Eniwetok Atoll. Cruslaceana. Supplement 5:209-230, figures 1-7,<br />
plate 1. 1984b.<br />
1979f. Records of Some Pontoniine Shrimps from the South China Sea.<br />
Cahiers de ilndo-Pacifique, l(2):215-248. 1985a.<br />
1980a. On Some Pontoniine Shrimps from Noumea, New Caledonia.<br />
Cahiers de ilndo-Pacifique, 2(1): 1-39, figures 1-14.<br />
1980b. Notes on Some Indo-Pacifique Pontoniinae, XXXIII: Periclime- 1985b.<br />
naeus diplosomatis sp. nov., an Ascidian Associate from Heron<br />
Island, Australia. Crustaceana, 39(1):39-51, figures 1-6.<br />
1981a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXVIII: Apopontonia<br />
dubia sp. nov., from a Southern Queensland Sponge Host. 1985c.<br />
Crustaceana, 41(3):225-232, figures 1-3.<br />
1981b. Onycocaridella prima. New Genus, New Species, a New Pontoniine 1986a.<br />
Sponge-Associate from the Capricorn Islands, Australia (Decapoda,<br />
Caridea, Pontoniinae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1(2):241-<br />
250, figures 1-6. 1986b.<br />
1981c. Decapod Crustacea: Pontoniinae. In Resultats des campagnes<br />
MUSORS<strong>TO</strong>M, I: Philippines (18-28 Mars 1976). Mimoires<br />
ORS<strong>TO</strong>M, 91:189-215, figures 1-18. 1986c.<br />
1981d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXVI: Pontonia ardeae<br />
sp. nov., a New Bivalve Associate from the Capricorn Islands<br />
(Decapoda, Natantia). Crustaceana, 40(2): 113-126, figures 1986d.<br />
1-8.<br />
1981e. Pontoniine Shrimps of Heron Island. Atoll Research Bulletin,<br />
245:1-33.<br />
198If. Some Pontoniine Shrimps from the Solomon Islands. Micronesica. 1986e.<br />
16(2):261-269, figure 1.<br />
1981g. Pontoniine Shrimps from Viti Levu, Fijian Islands. Micronesica.<br />
17(l-2):77-95, figures 1-11. 1986f.<br />
1981h. Pontoniine Shrimps from the Great Astrolabe Reef, Fiji. Pacific<br />
Science. 34(4):389-4OO, figures 1-5.<br />
1982a. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XXXIX: Isopontonia 1987a.<br />
platycheles gen. nov., sp. nov., from the Chesterfield Islands, New<br />
Caledonia (Decapoda, Caridea). Crustaceana. 42(l):54-64, figures<br />
1-5. 1987b.<br />
1982b. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XLI: Orthopontonia. a<br />
New Genus Proposed for Periclimenaeus ornatus Bruce. Crustaceana,<br />
43(2): 163-176, figures 1-6, plate 1. 1987c.<br />
1982c. The Shrimps Associated with Indo-West Pacific Echinoderms, with<br />
the Description of a New Species in the Genus Peridimenes Costa,<br />
1844 (Crustacea: Pontoniinae). Australian Museum Memoir. 16: 1987d.<br />
191-216, figures 1-8.<br />
1982d. Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XL: The Rediscovery of<br />
Peridimenes lifuensis Borradaile. 1898 (Decapoda. Pontoniinae)<br />
and the Establishment of Its Systematic Position. Crustaceana. 1988a.<br />
42(2): 158-173, figures 1-7.<br />
1982e. The Pontoniine Shrimp Fauna of Hong Kong. In B.S. Morton and<br />
C.K. Tseng, editors. Proceedings of the First International Marine 1988b.<br />
Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong<br />
and Southern China. Hong Kong. 1980. pages 234-284, figures<br />
1-26. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. 1988c.<br />
1983a. A Second Species of the Pontoniine Shrimp Genus Dasella Lebour.<br />
D. ansoni sp. nov., from the Arafura Sea. The Beagle, Occasional<br />
Papers of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences.<br />
l(3):21-29. figures 1-5. I988d.<br />
1983b. Epipontonia anceps n. sp., a Sponge-Associated Pontoniine Shrimp<br />
from Heron Island, Queensland. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae).<br />
Records of the Australian Museum. 35:19-28, figures 1-10.<br />
1983c. Expedition Rumphius II (1975). Crustaces parasites, commensaux. 1989a.<br />
etc. (Th. Monod ed.). IX: Crustaces Decapodes (lere partie: Natantia<br />
Pontoniinae). Bulletin du Mustum National d'Histoire Naturelle.<br />
Paris, series 4. 5, section A, no. 3:871-902, figures 1-10.<br />
The Pontoniine Shrimp Fauna of Australia. Australian Museum<br />
Memoir 18:195-218.<br />
Peridimenes dentidactylus, a New Deep Water Pontoniine Shrimp<br />
from Makassar Strait, Indonesia. Marine Research in Indonesia,<br />
24:7-17, figures 1-6.<br />
Marine Caridean Shrimps of the Seychelles, Monographiae Biologicae.<br />
55:141-169.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XLI I: Miopontonia yongei<br />
gen. nov., sp. nov., from the Australian North West Shelf (Decapoda,<br />
Caridea). Crustaceana. 48(2): 167-178, figures 1-5.<br />
Decapod Crustacea: Pontoniinae (MUSORS<strong>TO</strong>M II). In Resultats<br />
des campagnes MUSORS<strong>TO</strong>M, I el II - Philippines (1876. 1980).<br />
Mfmoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. serie A.,<br />
Zoologie, 133:229-260. figures 1-17.<br />
Some Caridean Associates of Scleractinian Corals in the Ryukyu<br />
Islands. Galaxea. 4:1-21, figures 1-12, plate I.<br />
Observations on the Family Gnathophyllidae Dana, 1852 (Crustacea:<br />
Decapoda). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 6(3):463-470, figures<br />
1-3.<br />
Chacella, a New Palaemonid Shrimp Genus Proposed for Dasycahs<br />
kerstitchi Wicksten, 1983 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Journal<br />
of Crustacean Biology, 6(3):485-490, figures 1-3.<br />
Diapontonia maranulus. New Genus, New Species, a Pontoniine<br />
Shrimp Associate of a Deep-water Echinoid. Journal of Crustacean<br />
Biology. 6(1):I25-133, figures 1-5.<br />
Three New Species of Commensal Shrimps from Port Essington,<br />
Arnhem Land, Northern Australia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae).<br />
The Beagle, Occasional Papers of The Northern Territory<br />
Museum of Arts and Sciences. 3( 1): 143-166. figures 1-15.<br />
Peridimenes milleri New Species, a Bathyal Echinoid-associated<br />
Pontoniine Shrimp from the Bahamas. Bulletin of Marine Science.<br />
39(3):637-645. figures 1-5.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XLII1: A New Species of<br />
Typton from Ashmore Reef. Timor Sea (Decapoda, Palaemonidae).<br />
Crustaceana. 5O(3):278-286, figures 1-4.<br />
Onycocaridites anomodactylus. New Genus, New Species (Decapoda:<br />
Palaemonidae). a Commensal Shrimp from the Arafura Sea.<br />
Journal of Crustacean Biology, 7(4):771-779, figures 1-4.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae, XLIV: Peridimenes<br />
danviniensis sp. nov. from the Northern Territory. Australia<br />
(Decapoda. Caridea). Crustaceana. 52(0:29-39. figures 1-5.<br />
Peridimenes johnsoni sp. nov., a New Species of Shrimp from<br />
Singapore (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae). Indo-Malayan<br />
Zoology, 4:113-126. figures 1 -5.<br />
Typton minus sp. nov., a New Commensal Shrimp (Crustacea:<br />
Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from the Australian North West Shelf.<br />
The Beagle. Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and<br />
Sciences. 4(l):49-56.<br />
Exopontonia malleatrix. New Genus, New Species, a Palaemonid<br />
Shrimp from Ashmorc Reef, Timor Sea. Journal of Crustacean<br />
Biology. 8(1): 122-130, figures 1 -5.<br />
Two New Palaemonid Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the<br />
Australian North West Shelf. Journal nf Natural History, 22:1263-<br />
1276, figures 11-7.<br />
A Redescription of Peridimenes fimbriatus Borradaile. 1915. with<br />
the Designation of a New Genus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae).<br />
Zoological Journal of the Unnean Society, 94:219-232,<br />
figures 1-6.<br />
A New Palaemonid Shrimp from the Zostera-btAs of More ton Bay.<br />
Queensland. Australia (Decapoda: Palaemnonidea). The Beagle.<br />
Record's of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Scineces.<br />
5(1): 105-114. figures 1-5.<br />
Notes on Some Indo-Pacific Pontoniinae. XLV: Conchodytes<br />
maculatus sp. nov.. a New Bivalve Associate from the Australian<br />
Northwest Shelf. Crustaceana. 56(2): 182-192. figures 1-6.
142<br />
1989b. A Report on Some Coral Reef Shrimps from the Philippine Islands.<br />
Asian Marine Biology, 6:173-192, figures 1-6.<br />
1989c. Periclimenes gonioporae sp. nov. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae),<br />
a New Coelenterate-associated Shrimp. The Beagle, Records<br />
of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 6(1): 149-<br />
156, figures 1-4.<br />
1990a. Crustacea Decapoda: Deep-sea Palaemonoid Shrimps from New<br />
Caledonian Waters. In A. Crosnier, editor, Rlsultats des Campagnes<br />
MUSORS<strong>TO</strong>M, Volume 6. Memoires du Musium National d'Histoire<br />
Naturelle, series A, Zoologie, 145:149-215, figures 1-39.<br />
1990b. Periclimenes poupini sp. nov., a New Anomone-associated Shrimp<br />
from Deep-water Traps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae).<br />
Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, se"rie A,<br />
Zoologie, 4( 11) (1989):851-863, figures 1 -7.<br />
1990c. Additions to the Marine Shrimp Fauna of Hong Kong. In B. Morton,<br />
editor, Proceedings of the Second International Marine Biological<br />
Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and<br />
Southern China, 2(2):611-648, figures 1-17. Hong Kong University<br />
Press, Hong Kong.<br />
1990d. Periclimenes tonga sp. nov., a Commensal Shrimp Associated with<br />
a Scyphozoan Host from Tonga (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae).<br />
Micronesica, 21(1988):23-32, figures 1-5.<br />
1990e. Periclimenes franklini sp. nov., a New Deep-sea Shrimp from the<br />
Coral Sea. The Beagle, Records of Northern Territory Museum of<br />
Arts and Sciences, 7(l):55-64.<br />
1990f. A New Cnidarian-associated Palaemonid Shrimp from Port Essington,<br />
Cobourg Peninsula, Australia. Indo-Malayan Zoology, 6(1989):<br />
229-243, figures 1-8.<br />
1991a. Shallow-water Palaemonoid Shrimps from New Caledonia (Crustacea:<br />
Decapoda). In B. Richer de Forges, editor, Le Benthos des<br />
Fonds Meubles des Lagons de Nouvelle-Cale'donie, 1. Etudes et<br />
Thises, Paris, ORS<strong>TO</strong>M, pages 221-279, figures 1-31.<br />
1991b. Crustacea Decapoda: Further Deep-sea Palaemonoid Shrimps from<br />
New Caledonian Waters. In A. Crosnier, editor, Re'sultats des<br />
Campagnes MUSORS<strong>TO</strong>M, volume 9. Mimoires du Museum<br />
National d'Histoire Naturelle, se"rie A, Zoologie, 152:299-411,<br />
figures 1-75.<br />
1991c. Notopontonia platycheles. New Genus, New Species (Decapoda:<br />
Pontoniinae) from South Australia, with Remarks on Pontonia<br />
pinnophylax (Otto), the Type Species of Pontonia Latreille. Journal<br />
of Crustacean Biology, 11 (4):607-628, figures 1-14.<br />
Bruce, A J., and A. Svoboda.<br />
1983. Observations upon Some Pontoniine Shrimps from Aqaba, Jordan.<br />
Zoologische Verhandelingen Uitgegeven door het Rijksmuseum van<br />
Natuurlijke Historie te Leiden, 205:44 pages, figures 1-15.<br />
1984. A Report on a Small Collection of Coelenterate-Associated<br />
Pontoniine Shrimps from Cebu, Philippine Islands. Asian Marine<br />
Biology, 1:87-99, figures 1-7.<br />
Bruce, A.J., and D.L. Zrnarzly<br />
1983. Periclimenes pilipes. New Species, a Crinoid Associate from<br />
Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands (Crustacea: Decapoda; Pontoniinae).<br />
Journal of Crustacean Biology, 3(4):644-654, figures<br />
1-6.<br />
Caiman, W.T.<br />
1899. On Two Species of Macrurous Crustaceans from Lake Tanganyika.<br />
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899:704-712,<br />
plates 39, 40.<br />
1909. On a Blind Prawn from the Sea of Galilee (Typhlocaris galilea, g. et<br />
sp. n.). Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, series 2<br />
(Zoology), U(5):93-97, plate 19.<br />
1939. Crustacea: Caridea. In The John Murray Expedition 1933-34<br />
Scientific Reports, 6(4): 183-224, figures 1-8.<br />
Cases, E., and V. Storch<br />
1981. Decapods Associated with Invertebrates from Cebu. The Philippine<br />
Scientist, 18:15-26, figures 1-9.<br />
<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
Chace, F.A., Jr.<br />
1937. The Templeton Crocker Expedition, VI I: Caridean Decapod Crustacea<br />
from the Gulf of California and the West Coast of Lower<br />
California. Zoologica (New York), 22(2): 109-138, figures 1-9.<br />
1942. Six New Species of Decapod and Stomatopod Crustacea from the<br />
Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club,<br />
19:79-92, plates 23-28.<br />
1958. A New Shrimp of the Genus Periclimenes from the West Indies.<br />
Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 71:125-130,<br />
figures 1-17.<br />
1969. A New Genus and Five New Species of Shrimps (Decapoda,<br />
Palaemonidae, Pontoniinae) from the Western Atlantic. Crustaceana,<br />
16(3):251-272, figures 1-11.<br />
1972a. Palaemon debilis from Hawaii and the Status of the Genus<br />
Palaemonetes (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana, 23(1): 12-<br />
19, figures 1-4.<br />
1972b. The Shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean Expeditions with<br />
a Summary of the West Indian Shallow-water Species (Crustacea:<br />
Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98: x +<br />
179 pages, figures 1-61.<br />
1975. Cave Shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) from the Dominican Republic.<br />
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1923. Crustacea of Natal. Union of South Africa. Fisheries and Marine<br />
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Stimpson, W.<br />
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1871. Notes on North American Crustacea, in the Museum of the<br />
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1871. Descriptions of Five New Species of Crustacea from Mexico.<br />
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Sunier, A.L.J.<br />
1925. Twee Mededeelingen over Palaemoniden. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche<br />
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Tattersall, W.M.<br />
1921. Report on the Stomatopoda and Macrurous Decapoda Collected by<br />
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Tilesius. W.G.<br />
1819. Ueber das nachtliche Leuchten des Meerwassers. Neue Annalen der<br />
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1949a. On a New Species of Palaemon from Banaras, with a Note on<br />
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1949b. Preliminary Descriptions of Two New Species of Palaemon from<br />
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1958. New Species and Subspecies of Indian Freshwater Prawns. Records<br />
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1-8.<br />
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1917. Contribucidn al estudio de los crustaceos de Cuba: Notas del Dr.<br />
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1928. Ascidians from the Philippines and Adjacent Waters. United States<br />
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<strong>SMITHSONIAN</strong> <strong>CONTRIBUTIONS</strong> <strong>TO</strong> <strong>ZOOLOGY</strong><br />
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