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Zootaxa 3511: 1–80 (2012)<br />
www.mapress.com/zootaxa/<br />
Copyright © 2012 · <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong><br />
Monograph<br />
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:971797BF-F055-4D40-A1C9-0E510360A9F1<br />
ZOOTAXA<br />
3511<br />
Accepted by D.L. Geiger: 28 Aug. 2012; published: 9 Oct. 2012<br />
ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)<br />
ZOOTAXA<br />
ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)<br />
Molluscan taxa in the publications of the Museum Godeffroy of<br />
Hamburg, with a discussion of the Godeffroy Sales Catalogs<br />
(1864–1884), the Journal des Museum Godeffroy (1873–1910),<br />
and a history of the museum<br />
RÜDIGER BIELER 1 & RICHARD E. PETIT<br />
1 Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, U.S.A.;<br />
email: rbieler@fieldmuseum.org<br />
2 806 St. Charles Road, North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina 29582, U.S.A.; email: r.e.petit@att.net<br />
<strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong><br />
Auckland, New Zealand<br />
1, 2
RÜDIGER BIELER & RICHARD E. PETIT<br />
Molluscan taxa in the publications of the Museum Godeffroy of Hamburg, with a discussion of the<br />
Godeffroy Sales Catalogs (1864–1884), the Journal des Museum Godeffroy (1873–1910), and a history of<br />
the museum<br />
(Zootaxa 3511)<br />
80 pp.; 30 cm.<br />
9 Oct. 2012<br />
ISBN 978-1-77557-022-6 (paperback)<br />
ISBN 978-1-77557-023-3 (Online edition)<br />
FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2012 BY<br />
<strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong><br />
P.O. Box 41-383<br />
Auckland 1346<br />
New Zealand<br />
e-mail: zootaxa@mapress.com<br />
http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/<br />
© 2012 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong><br />
All rights reserved.<br />
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any<br />
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This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose<br />
other than private research use.<br />
ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition)<br />
ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition)<br />
2 · Zootaxa 3511 © 2012 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong><br />
BIELER & PETIT
Table of Contents<br />
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3<br />
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3<br />
Godeffroy Museum and Specimen Collections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4<br />
Godeffroy trading company and the origin of the Godeffroy Museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4<br />
Godeffroy specimen collectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6<br />
The Godeffroy Museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9<br />
Fate of the Godeffroy collections—the Hamburger Naturhistorisches Museum and the Zoologisches Museum Hamburg (ZMH)<br />
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11<br />
Specimen numbers in the Godeffroy collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13<br />
Godeffroy Museum publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13<br />
Godeffroy Catalogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13<br />
Journal des Museum Godeffroy (JMG). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20<br />
Other Godeffroy publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24<br />
Molluscan Taxa in the Godeffroy Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24<br />
Molluscan taxa and nomina nuda in the Godeffroy Catalogs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24<br />
Molluscan taxa and nomina nuda in the Journal des Museum Godeffroy (JMG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58<br />
Patronyms for collectors and other museum employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64<br />
Type specimens from the Godeffroy collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64<br />
Taxa notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64<br />
Summary of new taxa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65<br />
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67<br />
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67<br />
Abstract<br />
The Museum Godeffroy (1861–1885), a private natural history museum in Hamburg (Germany) founded by the merchant<br />
John Cesar VI Godeffroy, functioned as a research and public display museum, as well as a natural history specimen<br />
dealership. Large collections of zoological, botanical, ethnographic, and anthropological specimens were obtained by<br />
company employees and an international group of contract collectors, mostly in the Pacific, made available for study to<br />
specialists, and placed in the museum’s holdings or distributed by sale. The museum produced two series of publications,<br />
both containing descriptions of new zoological taxa as well as nomina nuda: a set of Museum Godeffroy Catalogs<br />
(1864–1884) and the Journal des Museum Godeffroy (1873–1910), both described and dated in detail herein. This paper<br />
summarizes the history of the museum and its collecting efforts, with special focus on malacological research and the<br />
development and fate of molluscan collections of the Museum Godeffroy, with much of the material having passed to<br />
Hamburg’s Naturhistorisches Museum where they were largely destroyed during World War II. Using a species-level<br />
numbering system, the Museum Godeffroy Catalog series (and the labels associated with Museum Godeffroy specimens that<br />
were sold and traded worldwide) introduced hundreds of gastropod and bivalve nomina nuda into the molluscan literature.<br />
Previously uncertain dating of the malacological publications in the Museum’s Journal, mostly by Rudolph Bergh on Pacific<br />
nudibranchs, similarly created taxonomic confusion as many of the supposedly new taxa were near-simultaneously published<br />
also in other serial publications. 591 molluscan names in the Museum Godeffroy Catalogs, and 59 in the Journal are<br />
discussed. It is shown that 42 molluscan names date from these publications, all of them gastropods: 1 (preoccupied) genusgroup<br />
name and 4 replacement species names by J. D. E. Schmeltz, 5 genera and 31 species-group taxa by R. Bergh, and 1<br />
species by F. Heynemann.<br />
Key words: mollusks, taxonomy, species, Oceania, South Sea, Australia, Pacific<br />
Introduction<br />
The Museum Godeffroy of the north German port city of Hamburg was a privately owned museum focusing on the<br />
natural history, ethnography, and anthropology of the “South Seas”. During its relatively short existence<br />
(1861–1885) it developed into one of the leading natural history museums and commercial specimen supply houses<br />
of Europe. It sponsored massive collecting efforts, supplied numerous researchers in many fields of science with<br />
specimen material, and published various technical publications, including a nine-part series of Museum Godeffroy<br />
Catalogs (1864–1884; now exceedingly rare) and the more formal and lavishly illustrated 17-part Journal des<br />
Museum Godeffroy (1873–1910). Both publication series contain formal introductions and nomina nuda of<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
Zootaxa 3511 © 2012 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong> · 3
zoological taxa. As will be shown below, among these are hundreds of names of Mollusca, for which names now<br />
considered non-binominal or outright nomina nuda were utilized. The rarity and complexity of the publications, the<br />
wide distribution of manuscript names on labels supplied with “duplicate” specimens sold by the Museum, the<br />
international dispersal of parts of the collection after dissolution of the Museum, and the destruction of most of the<br />
remaining collection in Hamburg during World War II, contributed to uncertainty of publication dates and taxon<br />
validity for many of these “Godeffroy” nomina. Two prior assessments of taxa published in the Museum Godeffroy<br />
Catalogs exist: Bauer & Watkins-Colwell (2001) focused on specific herpetological data in the sales catalogs and in<br />
this context reviewed the travel and collecting activities of Afred Tetens, one of the vessel captains in Godeffroy’s<br />
mercantile business. Evenhuis (2007) studied the listings of Fijian arthropods in Catalogs II–VIII, provided historic<br />
context, and compiled a preliminary list of known Godeffroy collectors. No comprehensive treatment of the<br />
Journal des Museum Godeffroy (herein JMG) has been found. Among the major contributions of the latter are a<br />
series of numbers dedicated to Günther's well-illustrated work Andrew Garrett's Fische der Südsee [for which Dor<br />
(1976) provided a listing of coarse publication dates] and Bergh’s (1873a, 1874bc, 1875b, 1879a) series of<br />
nudibranch snail papers entitled Neue Nacktschnecken der Südsee, malacologische Untersuchungen, the latter<br />
introducing numerous new molluscan taxa.<br />
The following provides a history of the Godeffroy Museum, its collectors, and its zoological (and, especially,<br />
malacological) collections, as well as a description of its publication series. This is followed by an analysis of the<br />
molluscan taxa (including nomina nuda) introduced in the Museum Godeffroy Catalogs and the JMG.<br />
Godeffroy Museum and Specimen Collections<br />
Godeffroy trading company and the origin of the Godeffroy Museum<br />
The Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (a free imperial city since 1189 and a sovereign city-state since 1806) has<br />
a long history as a prominent port and trade center and played a major role as a key node for sea-borne trade during<br />
the days of the Hanseatic League in the 13 th to 17 th centuries. However, into the late 19 th Century, Hamburg’s vessels<br />
were not allowed to approach the English, Spanish, or Portuguese colonies directly, but had to trade their wares in<br />
English, Spanish, or Portuguese ports for the respective colonial products (Panning 1955: 3). This changed with the<br />
independence of the United States (1776), the Spanish colonies (from 1816), and Brazil (1822). Hamburg’s<br />
shipping companies expanded into the opening markets and Hamburg-flagged merchant vessels engaged<br />
increasingly in overseas trade. The Godeffroy family, French Huguenots of La Rochelle who had fled France in<br />
1737 after the Edict of Nantes to avoid religious persecution, developed one of the most successful merchant<br />
houses in Hamburg. Its business originated with Johan Cesar IV Godeffroy in 1766, as the “Johan Cesar Godeffroy<br />
& Co.” Shipping goods initially to and from Spain and later Haiti, Mexico and Cuba, and then expanding the<br />
business to copper ore from Chile and Australia and passenger transport of emigrants to America and Australia, the<br />
enterprise (now as J. C. Godeffroy & Sons) grew rapidly with offices around the world. Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy<br />
(1813–1885; Fig. 1) took over the company in 1845. The company weathered a severe financial crisis (Panning<br />
1956: 15) by refocusing its business; a South Sea branch developed, and the Godeffroy sailing vessels traded in<br />
mother of pearl, trepang (dried sea cucumber), coconut oil, and many other regional goods, often selling in China<br />
rather than returning to Europe. By 1857 the company had a local office in Apia, the oldest port of the Samoa<br />
islands (Schmack 1938). From there, the Godeffroy enterprise extended across Polynesia, Micronesia, and lastly<br />
also Melanesia (Bismarck Archipelago), in its heyday maintaining 45 stations and agencies, 27 trading vessels, as<br />
well as its own plantations in the region (Kranz 2005). The company’s expansion was tightly connected to, and<br />
partly drove, the development of German colonial interests in the region, with Godeffroy’s second manager in<br />
Apia, Theodor Weber [the first, August Unshelm (1824–1864), died in a hurricane], arriving there at the age of 18<br />
and over the years also serving as consul representing the City of Hamburg (from 1861), the North German<br />
Federation (from 1868), and finally the German Empire (from 1872) in the Samoa and Tonga Islands (Werner<br />
1889: 223). The increasing political role of the Godeffroy enterprise was noted by the then Prime Minister of New<br />
Zealand, Sir Julius Vogel, who in an 1872 blue book enumerated the many “factories” the company owned across<br />
the region, the supposedly more than 100 ships carrying the Godeffroy flag, and voiced concern about the German<br />
influence in the South Pacific (Gurau 1949). Beginning in 1884, years after the demise of the Godeffroy company,<br />
Germany took over the South Seas interests as a German Protectorate under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck.<br />
4 · Zootaxa 3511 © 2012 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong><br />
BIELER & PETIT
FIGURE 1, 2. Portrait of Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy, founder of the Museum Godeffroy (from Schmack 1938). Figure 2. Portrait<br />
of Johan Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz, curator of the Museum Godeffroy and editor of its Catalog series (from Starr 1892).<br />
Hamburg’s natural history collections, both private and public, have long benefitted from captains and sailors<br />
returning from exotic locales with biological and ethnographic specimens. The Hamburger Naturhistorisches<br />
Museum (discussed in more detail below) fostered and formalized relationships with individuals, shipping lines,<br />
and major trade companies in the city, resulting in massive collecting efforts around the world, its target regions<br />
usually directly reflecting Hamburg’s commercial interests at the time (Panning 1957, 1958; Weidner 1969).<br />
Captains and other collectors on these vessels often were instructed in detail and sometimes equipped with<br />
appropriate tools, containers, and preservatives (Panning 1958: 18). The Godeffroys sponsored such efforts and, for<br />
instance, supported Gerhard Krefft, a collector for the Hamburger Naturhistorisches Museum, with free passage to<br />
Australia on a Godeffroy vessel (Panning 1956: 3). The material brought back to Hamburg fueled not only<br />
scientific investigation but also a lucrative trade of natural and ethnographic specimens that ultimately supported a<br />
series of display-based dealerships, of which the Godeffroy Museum became the most famous.<br />
Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy had a strong interest in natural historal specimens and ethnographic artifacts and<br />
soon instructed his own captains to obtain zoological, botanical, and ethnographic material from their journeys. His<br />
original agent in Samoa, August Unshelm, also sent diverse specimen collections to Hamburg (Hertz 1922: 56).<br />
Godeffroy’s personal collection grew rapidly into a sizable but uncurated collection occupying a warehouse on the<br />
company’s premises. To sort and organize the accumulated material, Godeffroy initially employed the Swiss<br />
zoologist Eduard Graeffe in 1861. Graeffe had a long subsequent history with the company and became one of its<br />
major field collectors and ultimately the first editor of the JMG (see below). The Museum had a remarkable and<br />
productive history, outlined in greater detail below, which was cut short because of the Museum’s dependence on<br />
the wellbeing of the trading company. The Godeffroy business went through a financial crisis in 1857, but was<br />
rescued through a major credit from Marianne Godeffroy, an aunt in Berlin (Schmack 1938: 119). More credits<br />
became necessary as a result of Germany's economic crisis of 1873, and a third large credit (again from relatives in<br />
Berlin) pledged the Godeffroy museum as security. Having shifted its investments increasingly to mining in the<br />
German Ruhr (in competition with British coal mining), railway construction, plantations, and real estate, the<br />
Godeffroy enterprise struggled for a few more years. The over-diversification of investments left limited funds for<br />
the shipping business, which suffered from increasing competition with other companies and was left behind in the<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
Zootaxa 3511 © 2012 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong> · 5
technological shift from sailing vessels to steamships. The company did not recover. An 1878 attempt to transform<br />
the South Sea business into a shareholder corporation (“Deutsche Handels- und Plantagen-Gesellschaft der Südsee-<br />
Inseln zu Hamburg”; DHPG) could not turn the tide. A proposed government bailout by the German Empire,<br />
discussed with Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in early 1879, did not come to pass. By December 1879 Godeffroy &<br />
Sons was insolvent and stopped paying off its substantial bank loans (Hertz 1922: 59). The previously generous<br />
support for the Museum Godeffroy ended as well.<br />
Various aspects of the history of the Godeffroy family, its company, and its museum has been chronicled in<br />
several publications (e.g., Evenhuis 2007; Hertz 1922; Hoffmann 2000; Kranz 2005; Scheps 2005, 2010; Schmack<br />
1938; Spoehr 1963), most of these in German.<br />
Godeffroy specimen collectors<br />
Godeffroy accelerated the collecting activities not only by encouraging the existing captains and crews of his<br />
vessels to obtain material, but also through targeted employment of dedicated contract collectors<br />
(“Auftragssammler”). In addition to the quest for natural history and ethnographic items, the company asked these<br />
collectors to pursue economically interesting avenues, to investigate potential sources for tropical woods, for<br />
instance, or to look into the feasibility of pearlfishing by net (Scheps, 2005: 75). The contract collectors, often<br />
experienced travelers and naturalists with a particular interest in the target region, were a very international and<br />
eclectic group (Figs. 3–10). The editors of the Godeffroy Museum publications, Schmeltz and Friederichsen, and<br />
some subsequent authors (especially Kranz 2005 and Scheps 2005) reported in much detail on their persons and<br />
activities. Among the key figures were:<br />
Eduard Graeffe (1833–1916; also spelled “Gräffe”; Fig. 6), a PhD zoologist from Zürich, Switzerland.<br />
Originally hired as the collection’s first curator, after a short time helping set up the museum in Hamburg, Graeffe<br />
traveled to Samoa in October 1861 to head up the operations there. He collected extensively in Samoa and<br />
throughout the South Pacific, returning to Hamburg in 1872. He subsequently served in an editorial capacity for the<br />
early phase of the JMG, but left Hamburg in 1874 for positions with the aquarium in Vienna and then with the<br />
zoological station in Trieste. Graeffe published various reports about his travels and observations in the Godeffroy<br />
Museum publications and elsewhere (e.g., Graeffe 1864, 1867, 1868, 1873a, b). Together with Andrew Garrett,<br />
Graeffe provided sketches of living nudibranch mollusks that were published in Rudolph Bergh’s Neue<br />
Nacktschnecken der Südsee monographs (see below; Fig. 17).<br />
Konkordia Amalie Dietrich (1821–1891; née Nelle; Fig. 4) from Siebenlehn, Saxony, Germany. Dietrich had<br />
learned plant collecting from her husband, a natural history specimen dealer in Saxony. In 1863, she accepted<br />
contract employment with Godeffroy to collect in Queensland, Australia, from where she returned after ten years,<br />
having obtained and supplied a multitude of natural history specimens, ethnographic, and anthropological material.<br />
Her extensive plant collections led to a special sales catalog published by the museum (Schmeltz 1866b) and a<br />
series of papers by Luerssen (e.g., 1874) on the flora of Queensland. Museum Godeffroy curator Schmeltz<br />
provided various reports about her incoming material and field observations (e.g., 1874: xxv–xxx). Among the<br />
items shipped to Hamburg were aboriginal skulls and skeletons that were anxiously awaited and studied by<br />
European anthropologists, but their means of acquisition triggered controversies (subsequent accusations ranged<br />
from robbing of funeral trees to outright murder; Kranz 2005). The promised lifetime employment with Godeffroy<br />
ended with the demise of the company, but Hamburg’s Botanisches Museum provided her with a salaried position.<br />
Her daughter, Charitas Bischoff (1912), published a somewhat fictionalized account of her mother's life, and her<br />
period in Australia was described by Sumner (1993). Schmeltz (1891) published a brief obituary.<br />
Andrew Garrett (1823–1887; Fig. 5) from Albany, New York, USA. Garrett, had extensive prior experience<br />
as a collector in the South Seas. With a particular interest in mollusks and a skill in sketching and painting, he had<br />
been a contract collector for Louis Agassiz of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University for a<br />
period of eight years, had worked with William Harper Pease in the Hawaiian Islands, and also collected for the<br />
California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. He was hired by Godeffroy in 1866 to collect in Fiji, then in the<br />
Cook Islands, and after 1870 in French Polynesia. Schmeltz (1874: xiii–xix) summarized some of Garrett’s<br />
discoveries and specimen shipments. In addition to extensive zoological collections, Garrett provided photographs<br />
of indigenous peoples, and created many color illustrations, particularly of fishes, that were published in several<br />
volumes of the JMG as Andrew Garrett’s Fische der Südsee. He was also responsible for many of the sketches of<br />
living nudibranch mollusks subsequently published by Rudolph Bergh (1873a, 1874c, 1875b, 1879a; see below; Fig. 17),<br />
6 · Zootaxa 3511 © 2012 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong><br />
BIELER & PETIT
FIGURES 3–11. Portraits of Museum Godeffroy employees and major collectors. Figure 3, Eduard Dämel; Figure 4, Amalie<br />
Dietrich; Figure 5, Andrew Garrett; Figure 6. Eduard Graeffe. Figure 7, Franz Hübner; Figure 8, Johan Theodor Kleinschmidt,<br />
Figure 9, Johann Stanislaus Kubary; Figure 10, Richard Heinrich Robert Parkinson; Figure 11, Alfred Tetens. Photograph (4)<br />
from Bischoff 1909; (5) from the Archives of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; (10) from Parkinson<br />
1907; (11) from Tetens & Steinberg 1889; others from Panning 1958.<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
Zootaxa 3511 © 2012 <strong>Magnolia</strong> <strong>Press</strong> · 7
supplied the Museum Godeffroy with biogeographic listings of mollusks in the Pacific, and made his own<br />
collections available for comparative study (Schmeltz, 1875c: 270–271). After employment with Godeffroy ended,<br />
he remained in Huahine, French Polynesia as a collector in Oceania until his death in 1887. A brief obituary by<br />
Schmeltz appeared in 1888. Smith (1901) discussed Garrett’s correspondence, publications, manuscripts, as well as<br />
his collecting efforts. A two-part biography was published by Thomas (1979) and Clench (1979). Much of<br />
Garrett’s library and the original fish paintings used for the JMG are housed at the Bishop Museum. The 1894<br />
donation of 20,000 shells from Garrett’s collecting throughout the Pacific became the foundation of the Bernice<br />
Pauhi Bishop Museum’s malacological collections in Honolulu, now one of the largest in the world for Pacific<br />
shells (Evenhuis 2011).<br />
Johann Stanislaus Kubary (1846–1896; Fig. 9) from Warsaw, Poland. Kubary had studied medicine in<br />
Poland before fleeing from the Russian authorities because of his involvement in the independence movement. In<br />
1866, he moved to Berlin and then Altona near Hamburg, entered into Godeffroy employ and traveled in 1869 to<br />
the Marshall and Caroline Islands where he collected extensively. He came back to Hamburg briefly in 1875, but<br />
returned to the Pacific in the same year and continued collecting for Godeffroy until the company collapsed in<br />
1879. His special interests were in ornithology and ethnography, but he collected widely (including land snails) and<br />
published variously on his observations in the Micronesian islands (e.g., Kubary 1873, 1882; also Friederichsen<br />
1875). Schmeltz (1874: xxi–xxv) gave a preliminary description of the specimens collected by Kubary in Palau.<br />
Unfortunately, much of the extensive material that he had collected never reached Hamburg—more than 100 boxes<br />
of specimens were lost during a shipwreck off Jaluit in the Marshall Islands in 1874 (Schmeltz 1875a: 268, 269).<br />
After his Godeffroy employment ended, Kubary held various positions in the region, collected for the Ethnological<br />
Museum (Völkerkundemuseum) of Berlin (Scheps 2005: 126), served as interpreter during the German annexation<br />
of parts of the Caroline Islands, and took a position as station manager for the Neuguinea-Compagnie in German<br />
New Guinea. He attempted to find suitable employment in Germany, where he briefly returned in 1892, but was<br />
unsuccessful. Kubary committed suicide on Pohnpei (then Ponape) in 1896. An extensive obituary was published<br />
by Schmeltz (1897).<br />
Eduard Dämel (1821–1900; also spelled Daemel; birth place in Germany not ascertained; Fig. 3). Before his<br />
Godeffroy employment, Dämel had already undertaken three collecting expeditions to Australia and Fiji, and had<br />
sold material to Hamburg’s Naturhistorisches Museum (Scheps 2005: 131). After returning from his third trip<br />
(1867), he joined the Museum Godeffroy as an assistant for a four-year period. During that time (1869–1871) he<br />
also maintained his own natural history specimen supply house. He then spent the years from 1871 to 1875 as a<br />
collector for the Museum in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia. His special interests were insects and<br />
spiders—Schmeltz (1875b: 269) reported on a single shipment of 40,000 pinned insects from Queensland—but he<br />
also supplied much other material from his travels (Friederichsen 1876d: 176). For family reasons, he returned to<br />
Hamburg earlier than planned from Australia and reopened his own natural history specimen supply company,<br />
apparently sharing space with another Godeffroy-employed dealer, C. A. Pöhl (who also served as curatorial<br />
assistant and editor for the museum; see below). Several publications focused on material supplied by Dämel (e.g.,<br />
Günther 1876).<br />
Franz Hübner (1846–1877; sometimes misspelled “Hübener”; Fig. 7) from Drossen near Frankfurt-an-der-<br />
Oder, Prussia, Germany. Trained as a pharmacist, Hübner studied zoology in Halle (1871–1872). Having moved to<br />
Hamburg in 1874, he was hired by Godeffroy as a contract collector. Equipped with extensive collecting and<br />
photographic equipment, Hübner traveled to Samoa in 1875 and continued via the Tonga Islands to reach Mioko in<br />
the Duke of York Group of the Bismarck Archipelago in 1877. He sent several shipments of anthropological and<br />
zoological collections to Hamburg, including mollusks. Hübner’s explorations in the region were meant to take five<br />
years and to concentrate mostly on zoological specimens (Schmeltz 1875d: 271). His travels were tragically cut<br />
short with his death from heat stroke in December of 1877 (Friederichsen 1897b).<br />
Johan Theodor Kleinschmidt (1834–1881; also anglicized as John Theodore Klinesmith; Fig. 8) from<br />
Wolfhagen near Kassel, Hessia, Germany. After a having tried out a range of different professions, from book<br />
keeper to able seaman, Kleinschmidt settled in St. Louis (USA), returned to a business career and involved himself<br />
with painting and ornithology. He served in the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865 with the final rank of major<br />
(Scheps 2005: 142). When his business failed, he moved via San Francisco and Melbourne, Australia, to Fiji,<br />
where he suffered financial losses in the cotton market. In 1873 Kleinschmidt provided ornithological specimens<br />
for Otto Finsch (who at the time worked up the bird specimens for the Museum Godeffroy) and by 1875 he was<br />
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engaged as a Godeffroy contract collector, initially working in Fiji. His observations were published in the JMG<br />
(Friederichsen 1879a) and Scheps (2005: 142–155) reported in depth on his collecting activities. In 1879 he moved<br />
to the Bismarck Archipelago (Melanesia) to take on the post of the late Franz Hübner. Two years later he was killed<br />
by natives on the island of Utuan in the Duke of York Group of the Bismarck Archipelago.<br />
Richard Heinrich Robert Parkinson (1844–1909; Fig. 10) from Augustenborg, Duchy of Schleswig,<br />
Denmark, and, as it is now assumed (Specht 2010), the illegitimate son of the Duke of Augustenborg. After<br />
meeting Kubary, he applied for a position with Godeffroy and was employed to collect ethnographic materials in<br />
Samoa, accompanying Kubary there in 1875. He also obtained zoological specimens during his travels, including<br />
land snails. Parkinson remained under contract for the Godeffroy company and the succeeding DHPG until 1881<br />
(Scheps 2005: 154). Following that period, he travelled widely in the South Pacific, managed plantations and<br />
worked as surveyor and collector (selling and donating thousands of artifacts to institutions such as the Australian<br />
Museum and Chicago’s Field Museum of Natural History), and published numerous works, of which his Dreißig<br />
Jahre in der Südsee [Thirty Years in the South Sea; first published in 1907] became most widely known. Parkinson<br />
died in 1909 in Papua New Guinea.<br />
Many other individuals contributed to the collecting and documenting efforts for the Godeffroy Museum.<br />
Among these were the captains of Godeffroy’s merchant vessels, some of whom supplied specimens, formal<br />
reports, and illustrations. Most prominent among them is Alfred Tetens (1835–1903; Fig. 11) who sailed for<br />
Godeffroy from 1865 to 1868 (when a shotgun leg wound forced his return to Europe) and, together with collector<br />
Kubary, provided the first ethnological reports, which were then edited and published by Graeffe (1873c). Many of<br />
the figures in the JMG were based on his sketches. His travels for Godeffroy in the western Pacific were analyzed<br />
by Bauer & Watkins-Colwell (2001). Tetens later held the office of “Wasserschout” of the Hamburgische<br />
Admiralität, responsible for the central hiring of seamen. His fictionalized memoirs (Tetens & Steinberg 1889)<br />
include his observations of native islanders during his South Sea travels.<br />
The Godeffroy Museum<br />
In 1861, the museum opened in parts of Godeffroy’s “Kontorhäuser” (counting house buildings) on the Alter<br />
Wandrahm street in Hamburg (Fig. 12). An exhibition was open to the public and covered the natural history,<br />
ethnography, and physical anthropology of the South Seas. The museum later (1876) expanded to two rented floors<br />
in another building on the opposite side of street, at Alter Wandrahm 29, with the lower floor dedicated to zoology<br />
and the upper to ethnographic and anthropological displays.<br />
Two years after Graeffe’s 1861 departure to collect in Samoa, Godeffroy contracted Hamburg-born Johannes<br />
Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz (1839–1909; Fig. 2) who joined the Godeffroy Museum as “Kustos” (curator). He was<br />
later joined by two assistants, Eduard Dämel (see above) and C. A. Pöhl, the latter a merchant captain (see below).<br />
Schmeltz had little formal training but was an enthusiastic and successful autodidact in many fields of natural<br />
history who had contact with many of the established naturalists in Hamburg (Kranz 2005: 26; Scheps 2005: 66). It<br />
proved to be a great hire; Schmeltz not only organized the collections, he also managed much of the scientific<br />
operation, from aspects of field collecting to many of the museum’s publications for nearly the entire duration of<br />
the museum’s existence. He frequently edited, summarized, and published the reports arriving from the overseas<br />
collectors, both in external serials and Godeffroy publications. An example is his <strong>article</strong> in the journal Globus<br />
(Schmeltz 1882), in which he delivered reports by Kleinschmidt and Hübner. He also published his own technical<br />
papers (e.g., reporting on the pteropods and heteropods of the Museum Godeffroy; Schmeltz [1875e]). Schmeltz<br />
equipped and advised the contract collectors, organized the incoming material, and made decisions on which<br />
specimens were added to the various parts of the Godeffroy collection. Most importantly, he engaged leading<br />
national and international specialists to help identify and describe the rich material that was streaming in with the<br />
returning Godeffroy vessels (a partial list of some 50 zoologists and anthropologists was compiled by Scheps 2005:<br />
54). Among the malacological specialists were J. R. A. Mousson (1805–1890) of Switzerland, W. B. R. H. Dunker<br />
(1809–1885) and O. Semper (1830–1907) of Germany, and L. S. R. Bergh (1824–1909) of Denmark. Schmeltz also<br />
advertised the availability of material to the broader research community (e.g., by placing announcements of<br />
interesting, recently acquired specimens in the Zoologischer Anzeiger (1881b: 72) and—last but not<br />
least—compiled extensive catalogs that listed the specimen material that was for sale (see below). At the same<br />
time, Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy himself held close contact with scientists and naturalists of his day. The famous<br />
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pathologist Rudolf Virchow (1821–1902), who studied the human skulls of the Museum, and the eminent biologist<br />
Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919), who investigated its jellyfish collections, were both frequent guests in his house<br />
(Kranz 2005: 20). He, his son Johan Cesar VII Godeffroy, several of his ship captains (including Tetens and Pöhl),<br />
as well as the mentioned contract collectors (except Garrett and Kleinschmidt) were members of the “Verein für<br />
Naturwissenschaftliche Unterhaltung“ (Society for Natural-Scientific Discourse) in Hamburg, a natural history<br />
society with several formal and casual meetings every month. Schmeltz served as secretary for the society and<br />
Godeffroy as its honorary president (Scheps 2005: 47, and from information published in the Verhandlungen des<br />
Verein für Naturwissenschaftliche Unterhaltung zu Hamburg; Timm [1907] published a small <strong>article</strong> honoring<br />
Schmeltz’s contributions). Much discussion of Museum Godeffroy specimens and related information can be found<br />
in the latter serial publication, an example being a technical paper by collector Hübner (1875) on a technique to<br />
dry-preserve slugs for collections.<br />
FIGURE 12. J. C. Godeffroy & Sohn company buildings at Alter Wandrahm in Hamburg. Initially housed in the main<br />
company buildings (middle and right), the Museum Godeffroy moved across the street in 1876 to occupy two floors of the<br />
building on the left. Photograph taken in the late 1870s (from Schmack 1938).<br />
The museum holdings grew rapidly and the visiting American naturalist (and like-minded founder of the<br />
natural history specimen supply house “Ward‘s Natural Science”) Henry A. Ward (1876: 699) credited Godeffroy<br />
with “originating and sustaining an immense museum, now called after his name; an establishment which has for<br />
its subject the collection and distribution of zoological material, especially in the department of the invertebrates”.<br />
According to Penny (2002: 14), it was “generally recognized across Europe as the most complete collection of<br />
natural and man-made artifacts from Australia and the Pacific islands”. The museum remained in the building at<br />
the Alter Wandrahm street throughout its history. However, by the early 1880s it became clear that the building<br />
would have to make way for the development of a free port (an area now known as the Speicherstadt), made<br />
necessary by Hamburg’s joining of the German customs zone. Demolition in the Wandrahm area began in 1885,<br />
setting a firm deadline for the dissolution of the Museum Godeffroy collection (see below).<br />
The Godeffroy collection consisted of three formal parts: (1) a labeled display collection consisting of the<br />
“best” material, (2) a scientific collection of specimens in various stages of identification and research, and (3) a<br />
collection of duplicates that was available for purchase (Panning 1956: 14; Scheps 2010: 14). The distinction here<br />
is relevant, as the three parts had different histories and fates as described below.<br />
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Fate of the Godeffroy collections—the Hamburger Naturhistorisches Museum and the Zoologisches<br />
Museum Hamburg (ZMH)<br />
The Godeffroy Museum was not the only natural history museum in the City of Hamburg. Its competitor was the<br />
previously mentioned “Hamburger Naturhistorisches Museum”, founded in 1843 and owned by the city of<br />
Hamburg. The museum initially combined the scientific collections of the Museum of the<br />
Naturwissenwissenschaftlicher Verein (natural history society) in Hamburg, founded in 1839 and housed in rented<br />
space in the Kaffamacherreihe street, and the much older holdings of the Akademisches Gymnasium (academic<br />
high school of the Johanneum), the latter founded in 1529 and containing natural history collections dating back to<br />
1653. The Johanneum collection had grown over the centuries by adding various institutional and private<br />
collections, including that of Hamburg’s Patriotische Gesellschaft (Patriotic Society), which contained parts of<br />
Joachim Friedrich Bolten’s “Museum Boltenianum” made famous by a sales catalog published by Peter Friedrich<br />
Röding in 1798 (Panning 1955: 2). The collection survived the French occupation of Hamburg (1806–1814) during<br />
which museum officials had hidden the valuable specimens from Georges Cuvier, who investigated the holdings on<br />
Napoleon’s order in 1811 and found nothing worthy of removal to Paris (Kraepelin 1901: 125). By 1837, the<br />
supervision of the Johanneum’s collection passed from the Stadtbibliothek to the faculty of the school. The<br />
collections existed in several suboptimal buildings (but were not affected by the Great Fire that devastated much of<br />
Hamburg in 1842), until they were moved, in 1843, into the “new” building of the Akademisches Gymnasium<br />
(Panning 1955: 3). There it was combined with holdings of the Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, which at the time<br />
of the merger included 3,900 molluscan shells representing 1,860 species (Panning 1955: 8). From 1843 to 1891,<br />
the Hamburger Naturhistorisches Museum remained in the building of the Johanneum school, and by 1862 gave<br />
public access to its displays (Weidner 1969: 6). The collections grew rapidly, fostered by the very active<br />
Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, and added important collections, such as through the 1847 purchase of the<br />
zoological part of the collections of Röding who had maintained his own private “Museum für Gegenstände der<br />
Kunst und Natur” in Hamburg (Panning 1956: 5) and had been a founding member of that society. These were<br />
followed by the addition of the shell collection of Hamburg physician Jonas (donated in 1849), as well as large<br />
shell collections of C. W. Hermann Strebel (1881), Otto Semper (1894), C. G. Soost (1898) and others (Kraepelin<br />
1901: 127; Panning 1956: 4).<br />
The by far largest addition to the collection came in form of the zoological collections of the dissolved<br />
Godeffroy museum, which were purchased in 1886 (Weidner 1969: 11), a few years before the museum’s move<br />
into a long-planned new building in 1891 on Hamburg’s Steintorwall. Other Godeffroy specimens had reached the<br />
Naturhistorisches Museum through donations, trades, and purchases in earlier decades (Weidner 1993: 279). The<br />
acquisition of the Museum Godeffroy collection was a complicated and drawn out process:<br />
With the financial insolvency of the Godeffroy enterprise in late 1879, its museum became endangered. The<br />
local and international press took great interest in the future of the institution and its collection (e.g.,<br />
Anonymous 1880). Curator Schmeltz published a major illustrated catalog of the ethnographic and<br />
anthropological holdings (Schmeltz & Krause 1881), in part to showcase the value and importance of the<br />
collections. Shortly afterwards he took a curatorship at the ethnographic museum in Leiden (1882), the later<br />
“Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde“ whose director he became after having received an honorary doctorate from<br />
the University of Leipzig, and where he served as editor for the Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie.<br />
Schmeltz continued to publish research <strong>article</strong>s and dedicated his 1894 work on the ethnoconchology of<br />
Indonesia and Oceania to the memory of Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy. After Schmeltz’s departure from Hamburg,<br />
Carl Friedrich August Alexander Crüger (1813–1885), a German entomologist (specializing in Lepidoptera) and<br />
a founding member of the Vereins für naturwissenschaftliche Unterhaltung zu Hamburg, was charged with<br />
directing the Museum. Captain C. Pöhl took over the curatorial duties, authored the final Sales Catalog (IX; Pöhl<br />
1884), and oversaw the museum‘s final dissolution. During liquidation of the company’s assets, the control over<br />
the catalogued display collections were transferred to Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy's cousin, Wilhelm von<br />
Godeffroy in Berlin, for a 500,000 Mark credit (Panning 1956: 14). The latter offered to gift the ethnographic<br />
and natural history display collections to the City of Hamburg, under the condition that it would build and<br />
maintain an independent museum for it (Panning 1956: 14). The city had no interest in creating such a parallel<br />
institution in addition to its existing museums, but—spearheaded by a private committee attempting to preserve<br />
the museum for Hamburg—maintained negotiations with Wilhelm von Godeffroy in Berlin for the display<br />
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collection and with Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy (and his son, Johan Cesar VII Godeffroy) in Hamburg for the two<br />
other parts that had remained in family possession (the scientific and duplicate collections). No agreement could<br />
be reached and various museums (including Berlin, Leipzig, Leiden, London, and Hamburg) began competing<br />
for purchase of the ethnographic and zoological collections, initially only offered together (Scheps 2010: 16). In<br />
October of 1885, shortly after Johan Cesar VI Godeffroy’s death, it was the Museum für Völkerkunde zu<br />
Leipzig that managed to purchase the ethnographic display collection from W. Godeffroy. Hamburg then<br />
purchased the scientific (ethnographic, anthropological, and zoological) collections from the Godeffroy family<br />
in Hamburg in February of 1886 and the zoological, anthropological, and tropical wood collections from W.<br />
Godeffroy in March of 1886. According to Kraepelin (1901: 129), Hamburg obtained “the most valuable part of<br />
the zoological collections of The Museum Godeffroy—in total over 50,000 numbers—for the relatively low<br />
price of 60,000 Mark” [our translation]. Some items apparently went to other museums. The collection of<br />
duplicates was specifically excluded from the sale to the city and was taken over by Schmeltz’s former assistant<br />
C. Pöhl. He made them to the nucleus of his own natural history supply company, with specimens identified as<br />
“Pöhl Südsee”, but often still showing Godeffroy museum numbers on their labels (Panning 1956: 15). His<br />
company was listed by Friedländer [& son] (1895: 39) as “C. A. Pöhl, Naturalienhandlung”, with specialties<br />
given as Ethnologia and Conchylia, in Hamburg's Bernhardstrasse 1–2 which is the same address as listed for<br />
Godeffroy collector Eduard Dämel's dealership.<br />
According to Trew (1990: 71, 79), the British natural history dealers Robert Damon (1814–1889) and his son<br />
Robert Ferris Damon (1845–1925) had purchased the Godeffroy Museum stock of specimens “after the collapse of<br />
the company“, with it later having been sold off at London auctions in October 1909, June 1910, and March 1929.<br />
Several published obituaries of Robert Damon, including those by Woodward (1889: 336) and Crosse & Fischer<br />
(1890: 89), likewise credited him with having acquired the [zoological] collections of the Museum Godeffroy.<br />
Murray (1904: 253) remarked “The principal part of ethnographical collection went to Leipzig. The remainder of<br />
the Museum was purchased by Mr. Damon, of Weymouth“. This cannot have been the entire stock, of course, as<br />
German sources refer to Pöhl as having taken over the holding of duplicates for his own business and to the<br />
purchase of [much of] the zoological collections by the Hamburger Naturhistorisches Museum. German authors<br />
who discussed the fate of the Godeffroy specimens in considerable detail (Panning 1958; Scheps 2005) made no<br />
mention of such a sale to Robert Damon. In any case, the claim that after the Godeffroy Museum had closed, “all<br />
zoological objects, including fishes, were transferred to the Natural History Museum in Hamburg” (Thiel et al.<br />
2009: 10) is incorrect.<br />
In subsequent decades, the botanical collection of the Naturhistorisches Museum found its way into Hamburg's<br />
Botanisches Museum (Voigt 1901: 37), the Mineralogisches-Geologisches Institut split off from Hamburg’s<br />
Naturhistorisches Museum (1907) and moved into own quarters (Mineralogisch-Geologisches Museum, 1910),<br />
followed by the ethnographic collections (Museum für Völkerkunde, 1912). The zoological collections and<br />
displays of the Naturhistorisches Museum expanded accordingly and became the Zoologisches Museum (Klatt<br />
cited in Ladiges et al. 1968: 13).<br />
Exactly 100 years after the Naturhistorisches Museum was founded, it was burned out during WWII air-raids<br />
by allied bombers that destroyed most of the city in July of 1943. As with the majority of the museum’s assembled<br />
wealth, the dry molluscan collection, which at the time were considered the fourth largest in the world and<br />
contained the specimens of Godeffroy, Röding, Otto Semper, and many others, was completely lost. The alcoholpreserved<br />
material had been secured in a temporary shelter in Hamburg’s underground subway system (Ladiges in<br />
Ladiges et al. 1968), and about 7,000 wet-preserved molluscan samples were thus saved, including the valuable<br />
alcohol-preserved cephalopod specimens (Dzwillo 1993: 18). The formalin-preserved specimens, including the<br />
larger cephalopods, had been left behind in the building and were lost in the museum’s destruction (Kosswig in<br />
Ladiges et al. 1968: 42). Fortunately, half of Otto Semper’s molluscan collection had been given to the Museum in<br />
Altona (previously an independent Prussian city and since 1938 a borough of Hamburg). Semper’s surviving<br />
Altona collection, which among others also contained type specimens by Karl-Theodor Menke and Ludwig<br />
Pfeiffer, became part a nucleus of the post-war collections of the ZMH, the latter now part of the “Biozentrum<br />
Grindel” at Hamburg’s Martin-Luther-King Platz (institutional web site: http://www.uni-hamburg.de/biologie/<br />
BioZ/zmh/mal/sam.html). The Godeffroy material in the mollusk collection has been databased but not yet been<br />
fully verified (B. Hausdorf, pers. comm. May 2012).<br />
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Specimen numbers in the Godeffroy Collection<br />
Schmeltz used a consistent numbering system for the species throughout the collections, displays, and catalogs,<br />
allowing to track name changes over time and providing the opportunity to tie specimen lots to these “Godeffroy<br />
numbers.” It is important to note that these numbers reflect nominal species, collected (and sometimes re-collected)<br />
from the given locales and available for purchase from the Godeffroy holdings, and do not necessarily refer to<br />
individual specimen lots deriving from a single collecting event. Quite often a numbered species will be listed in<br />
different catalogs with a variety of localities, but with the number unchanged. A sample of a museum collection<br />
label is given in Fig. 13.<br />
Some authors adopted the “Godeffroy numbers“ consistently in formal publications, an example being Milne<br />
Edwards’s (1873) treatment of Crustacea from the Godeffroy Museum.<br />
FIGURE 13. Museum Godeffroy specimen label (originally affixed to an alcohol vial). Godeffroy number 8557, stating<br />
“Nanina similis—Kandavu—Semper”; a syntype lot of Eurypus similis Semper, 1870 from Kandavu (Fiji), now as Orpiella<br />
(Eufretum) similis (C. Semper, 1870) in the Hamburg collection, ZMH 21477.<br />
Godeffroy Museum publications<br />
The majority of studies based on Godeffroy material were published outside the museum, in various German,<br />
British, and French serials and monographs. Examples include papers by Mousson in the Journal de<br />
Conchyliologie and by Pease in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. The museum itself issued two<br />
very different serial publications, a set of (initially annual) sales catalogs that included some formal species<br />
descriptions of bryozoans and echinoderms (and, as will be shown, inadvertently introduced a multitude of<br />
molluscan nomina nuda) and the expensively produced Journal des Museum Godeffroy. According to the unsigned<br />
foreword of its first volume (written by museum curator Schmeltz, editor Graeffe, or publisher Friederichsen) the<br />
latter was explicitly started to avoid the further fragmentation of Godeffroy collection-related information.<br />
Godeffroy Catalogs<br />
Between 1864 and 1881 eight sales catalogs appeared, edited and authored by curator J. D. E. Schmeltz. A ninth<br />
catalog, compiled by C. A. Pöhl, was published in May of 1884, after the museum had closed and before its formal<br />
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collections were sold. Catalogs I–III only contain indication of the Von der Heyde printing house, Catalog IV was<br />
published by the Mauke company, catalogs V–VII and IX by Friederichsen, and Catalog VIII was issued as an<br />
advertising supplement to the journal Zoologischer Anzeiger published in Leipzig. Catalogs II–IV were specifically<br />
described as superseding any prior catalogs. This changed with catalog VI, which Schmeltz (1877: v) considered<br />
the first of several “Special-Cataloge” that merely added new material to the earlier listings.<br />
At the time, the catalogs were widely and inexpensively distributed, in agreement with their stated intent to<br />
advertise the availability of “duplicates” from the Godeffroy Museum for purchase. Advertisements for the<br />
Catalogs appeared in other publications by the Friederichsen company, for instance on the back wrapper of an 1874<br />
issue [II(7)] of the much more formal and expensive JMG, where Catalog V was offered for 2 Thaler, and in<br />
announcement flyers that were variously distributed, one of which can be found bound into the British Museum<br />
copy of the JMG [II(5)].<br />
The catalogs were published in German, but at least one (Catalog III of 1866) was also distributed<br />
internationally with an English cover page “Enumeration of duplicate specimens for sale sent home by the<br />
scientific collectors of Messrs Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & Son” and contained translated introductory remarks and<br />
abbreviations; there possibly were others.<br />
The catalogs often (II–V) contained zoological and geographic notes and reports about collecting activities.<br />
Schmeltz (1864: 1; 1865: i) noted that the majority of the zoological material from Oceania listed in Catalogs I and<br />
II were collected by Graeffe. In Catalog II, Schmeltz (1865: i–iv) summarized field reports from that collector,<br />
adding to Graeffe’s own account published in a Swiss journal (1864). In Catalog III (1866: i–xii), Schmeltz<br />
highlighted the fact that the new material had been supplied from Graeffe in Samoa and Fiji, from Dietrich in<br />
Queensland, and from the various ship captains that had been equipped for the collection of natural history<br />
specimens. Schmeltz compared some of the material in great detail with previous publications (to the point of<br />
measuring individual fish specimens) and discussed particularly interesting specimens while mentioning the<br />
taxonomic specialists that he had enlisted for their determinations. Schmeltz’s introduction of Catalog IV (1869:<br />
iii–v) explained the publication gap since 1866 with the time-consuming need to work up the large amount of<br />
newly arrived material from Graeffe and Dietrich, as well as from Godeffroy’s ship captains Tetens (Palau), J.<br />
Meier (mouth of the Amur, Russia), and H.W. Wendt (pelagic animals), and provided a detailed list of specialists<br />
who provided taxonomic determinations. Catalog IV of 1869 also included formal descriptions of new bryozoan<br />
and echinoderm taxa by Hamburg's senator and mayor Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer (1808–1887; whose taxa<br />
were discussed by Calder & Brinckmann-Voss 2011) and the Danish zoologist Christian Frederik Lütken<br />
(1827–1901), as well as an announcement (p. v) that the first shipment of zoological specimens from Andrew<br />
Garrett had been received in Hamburg. The introduction to Catalog V (Schmeltz, 1874: vii–xii) referred to<br />
extensive new collections received from collectors Graeffe, Garrett, Kubary, and Dietrich, and described travel and<br />
collecting activities of these individuals as well as of Dämel and of J. M. Hildebrandt, the latter having supplied<br />
rich material from East Africa, including Mollusca. Catalog VI was introduced by Schmeltz (1877: v–vi) as a<br />
“Special-Catalog” providing additional new duplicate material supplied by Dämel, Kubary, Garrett, Hübner, and<br />
Kleinschmidt. This was followed by Catalog VII, another Special-Catalog focusing on vertebrates and providing<br />
“Nachträge [addenda] zu Catalog V & VI”. Catalog VIII of 1881, the last issue edited by Schmeltz, included no<br />
introductory text. The final Catalog IX issued by Pöhl (1884) likewise had no narrative content except for a brief<br />
technical introduction.<br />
Price information in the Catalogs reflected the dramatic changes in currency systems over the time span they<br />
were issued. Thirty Silbergroschen corresponded to one Prussian Courant at the time of Catalog I (1864). Catalog<br />
V (1874) still used Silbergroschen, but now ten “Slbgr.” equaled one Reichsmark; from Catalog VI (1877) on<br />
prices were given in Mark and Pfennige. Some catalogs included exchange rates to Franc and Shilling to aid<br />
international specimen orders.<br />
While the specimen availability and pricing was superseded with each subsequent catalog publication, the<br />
issued numbers were certainly intended for permanent scientific record and some were formally treated by the<br />
Zoological Record at the time (Martens 1870). However, most recipients apparently did not retain the Catalogs and<br />
very few complete copies survived the test of time. In fact, Junk (1930: 195) described the Godeffroy Catalogs as<br />
an extraordinarily rare work and could point to only a single complete set containing all nine published numbers,<br />
housed in the Hamburger Naturhistorisches Museum. Volumes I–III (which were not distributed by a publisher)<br />
and Pöhl’s late addition of volume IX appear to be particularly rare in the world’s libraries. The most detailed<br />
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description of the catalogs was provided by Evenhuis (2007) who had access to Catalogs II–VIII (II–VI from the<br />
Bishop Museum library and VII and VIII supplied by Dr. Aaron Bauer at Villanova University) [for copies see<br />
http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/fiji/archives.html]. The current treatment is largely based on a photocopy of all nine<br />
catalogs held in the entomological collections of the Zoological Institut and Museum (ZIM) in Hamburg,<br />
supplemented by information from the Bishop Museum copies when they contained pages not present in the ZIM<br />
(pp. i–iv of Catalog II, English language parts of Catalog III). Pages in the catalogs are numbered in Roman and<br />
Arabic numerals, usually separating introductory parts for the main listing. Other pages remained unnumbered,<br />
accounting for differences in subsequent citations that further complicate the assessment of what comprises a<br />
complete Catalog copy.<br />
It should be noted that the duplicate specimens from Amalie Dietrich’s botanical collections were offered in<br />
their own sales catalog compiled by Schmeltz (1866b) that was not a numbered part of the regular series treated<br />
herein. The “Neuholländische Pflanzen, gesammelt von Frau Amalie Dietrich“ was supposed to become its own<br />
series; a second plant catalog was in preparation according to an announcement that Schmeltz placed in the<br />
Botanische Zeitung (1867: 31).<br />
The Catalogs are a peculiar mixture of research tool (in which Schmeltz and his colleagues reflected name<br />
changes and reidentifications for the collected lots), research publication (with formal introduction of certain new<br />
taxa) and, of course, sales catalog from which buyers were to pick their wares. The nomenclature used in the<br />
catalogs did not make it easy for the casual shopper: Some of the listed names had not yet been formally introduced<br />
and Schmeltz frequently employed supposed senior synonyms unfamiliar to contemporary readers, an approach<br />
that led Sutor (1877) to complain about the 1874 Catalog as an example of “priority fanatism“.<br />
Museum Godeffroy Catalogs<br />
Catalog I (1864):<br />
Catalog I der zum Verkauf stehenden Doubletten aus den naturhistorischen Expeditionen der Herren Joh. Ces.<br />
Godeffroy & Sohn in Hamburg [Catalog I of the duplicates offered for sale from the natural history expeditions of<br />
Mssrs. Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & son in Hamburg]. Hamburg. 32 pp. [Junk (1930: 194) stated 41 p.].<br />
Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz, jr. (1864)<br />
Stated date: June 1864 (title page).<br />
Publisher: not given.<br />
Printer: Von der Heyde.<br />
Content: Title page; Bemerkungen [remarks], Abkürzungen [abbreviations] (1 p.), catalog pp. 3–31 (with<br />
Nachtrag = addendum on p. 31), errata (1 p.).<br />
Mollusca: Molusca [sic]; pp. 17–26.<br />
Catalog II (1865):<br />
Catalog II der zum Verkauf stehenden Doubletten aus den naturhistorischen Expeditionen der Herren Joh. Ces.<br />
Godeffroy & Sohn in Hamburg. Mit Bemerkungen über die Lebensweise einzelner darin enthaltener Objecte<br />
[Catalog II of the duplicates offered for sale from the natural history expeditions of Mssrs. Joh. Ces. Godeffroy &<br />
son in Hamburg. With comments on the life history of included objects]. Hamburg. [i] + iv + 33 pp.<br />
Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz, jr. (1865)<br />
Stated date: March 1865 (title page); introductory remarks (p. iv) dated 24 March.<br />
Publisher: not given.<br />
Printer: Von der Heyde.<br />
Content: Title page; Bemerkungen [remarks], Abkürzungen [abbreviations] (1 p.), Vorbemerkungen [preliminary<br />
remarks] (i–iv [from Bishop Museum copy; not in Hamburg copy]), catalog pp. 1–33 (with errata on p. 33).<br />
Mollusca: pp. 18–29.<br />
Catalog III (1866):<br />
Catalog III der zum Verkauf stehenden Doubletten aus den naturhistorischen Expeditionen der Herren Joh. Ces.<br />
Godeffroy & Sohn in Hamburg [Catalog III of the duplicates offered for sale from the natural history expeditions of<br />
Mssrs. Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & son in Hamburg]. Hamburg. [ii] + xii + 52 pp.<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
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Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz, jr. (1866a)<br />
Stated date: October 1866 (title page).<br />
Publisher: not given.<br />
Printer: J. von der Heyde.<br />
Content: Title page, Bemerkungen [remarks] (1 p.), Abkürzungen [abbreviations] (1 p.), Notizen [notes]<br />
(i–xii); catalog pp. 1–52 (including errata on p. 52).<br />
Mollusca: Cephalapoda [sic], Cephalophora, Acephala: pp. 27–43. Schmeltz (1866: vii) mentioned that the<br />
land and freshwater shells were identified by Professor Mousson in Zurich and had been, in part, already published<br />
in in the Journal de Conchyliologie for 1865. The newly received marine shells had been excluded from this<br />
Catalog, because of a delay resulting from Dr. H. Crosse’s illness; Crosse (Paris) had taken over the responsibility<br />
for their determination.<br />
This Catalog (and perhaps others?) was issued in an English-language version (Bishop Museum copy): The<br />
cover is entitled “III Enumeration of duplicate specimens for sale sent home by the scientific collectors of Messrs<br />
Joh. Ces. Godeffroy & Son. Hamburgh, October 1866”, and “Remarks” and “Abbreviations” were translated on<br />
one page, the remaining pages remained unchanged from the German version.<br />
FIGURE 14. Title page of Catalog IV (Schmeltz 1869).<br />
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Catalog IV (1869), Figure 14:<br />
Museum Godeffroy Catalog IV, nebst einer Beilage, enthaltend: topographische Notizen; Beschreibung neuer<br />
Bryozoen von Senator Dr. Kirchenpauer zu Hamburg und einer neuen Asteriden-Gattung von Dr. Chr. Lütken zu<br />
Kopenhagen [Museum Godeffroy Catalog IV, with a supplement containing topographic notes, description of new<br />
bryozoans by Senator Dr. Kichenpauer of Hamburg, and of a new asterid genus by Dr. Chr. Lütken of<br />
Copenhagen]. Hamburg. xliii + 139 + [2] pp.<br />
Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz, jr. (1869)<br />
Stated date: May 1869 (title page); preface (p. v) dated 18 May. Confirmed as having been published in May<br />
1869 by Schmeltz (1874: vii).<br />
Publisher: Wilhelm Mauke Söhne.<br />
Printer: J. von der Heyde.<br />
Content: Title page, Vorwort [preface] (= iii–v), Topographische und zoologische Notizen [topograpgic and<br />
zoological notes] (vi–xxiv), Neue Bryozoen (by G. H. Kirchenpauer, pp. xxv–xxxiv); Choriaster granulatus, eine<br />
neue Gattung aus der Familie der Asteriden [by C. Lütken, p. xxxv]; Literatur-Verzeichniss [references]<br />
(xxxvi–xxxix); Bemerkungen [remarks] (xlii); Abkürzungen [abbreviations] (xliii); catalog (1–139; including<br />
errata on p. 139), Index (2 pp.).<br />
Mollusca: Cephalapoda [sic], Cepalophora [sic], Acephala: pp. 67–117 (mollusks ending on p. 116; the last<br />
part also extending to some non-mollusks: brachiopods and tunicates); Cephalophora, 135–139. Schmeltz<br />
(1869: iv) thanked A. Mousson and W. Dunker for the determination of “Cephalophora and Acephala” in this<br />
catalog.<br />
Catalog V (1874), Figure 15:<br />
Museum Godeffroy Catalog V. Nebst einer Beilage enthaltend topographische und zoologische Notizen [Museum<br />
Godeffroy Catalog V, with a supplement containing topographic and zoological notes]. Hamburg. xxxviii + 215 pp.<br />
Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz, jr. (1874)<br />
Stated date: February 1874; preface (p. xii) dated “Anfang [beginning of] Februar”. [According to<br />
advertisement issued with JGM 2(5), this was published end of February 1874. Brief reviews were published by<br />
Kobelt (April 1874) and Pfeiffer (1875)].<br />
Publisher: L. Friederichsen & Co.<br />
Printer: G. J. Herbst.<br />
Content: Title page; Inhalts-Verzeichniss [index] (iv–vi); Vorwort [preface] (vii–xii); Topographische und<br />
zoologische Notizen [topographic and zoological notes] (xiii–xxxi); Literatur-Verzeichniss [references]<br />
(xxxii–xxxvi); Bemerkungen [remarks] (xxxviii); catalog (1–199); Addenda (200–208); Corrigenda (209–212);<br />
Doubletten der ethnographischen Sammlung [duplicates of the ethnographic collections] (213–124); Errata (p. 215).<br />
Mollusca: Cephalapoda [sic], Cephalophora, Acephala; 86–181 [mollusks ending on p. 181; the last part also<br />
extending to some non-mollusks: brachiopods and tunicates]; Addenda (207–208), Corrigenda (209–212).<br />
According to Schmeltz’s statement on p. viii, the arrangement of Mollusca in Catalog V was based exclusively on<br />
H. & A. Adams’s The Genera of Recent Mollusca. Taxonomic specialists as in Catalog IV, with the addition of R.<br />
Bergh (Copenhagen) for determination of some nudibranchs (Schmeltz, 1874: ix). Otto Semper (Altona) was<br />
thanked for assisting Schmeltz with a complete revision of the conchological material in the catalog.<br />
Stated sales price: 2 Thaler (according to advertisement issued with JGM 2[5]).<br />
Catalog VI (1877):<br />
Museum Godeffroy Catalog VI. Nachträge zu Catalog V [Museum Godeffroy Catalog VI. Addenda to Catalog V].<br />
Hamburg. vii+ 108 pp.<br />
Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz, jr. (1877)<br />
Stated date: March 1877; preface (p. vi) dated “Anfang [beginning of] März” [listed by Kobelt 1877b: 101<br />
(December) as having been received] .<br />
Publisher: L. Friederichsen & Co.<br />
Printer: G. J. Herbst.<br />
Content: Title page; Inhalts-Verzeichniss [index] (iii–iv);Vorwort [preface] (v–vi); Abkürzungen,<br />
Bemerkungen [abbreviations, remarks] (vii); catalog [1–101]; Addenda (102–107); Errata (p. 108).<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
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Mollusca: Cephalophora, Acephala; pp. 79–98 [mollusks ending on p. 98; the last part also extending to some<br />
non-mollusks: brachiopods and tunicates]; Addenda section for Cephalophora; pp. 104–107. Taxonomic specialists<br />
as in the prior catalogs, according to Schmeltz (1877: vi).<br />
FIGURE 15. Page 100 of Catalog V (Schmeltz 1874), showing the typical arrangement of information in four columns, (1) the<br />
Museum Godeffroy number assigned to the material under discussion, (2) the accepted name at the time, plus synonyms or<br />
different names assigned in prior catalogs or used in communications with specialists, (3) the geographic origin of the material<br />
offered in this catalog, and (4) the price in Silbergroschen. Footnotes provide additional information, ranging from color<br />
descriptions to synonymy discussions and taxonomic notes.<br />
Catalog VII (1879):<br />
Museum Godeffroy Catalog VII. Wirbelthiere (Animalia vertebrata) und Nachträge zu Catalog V & VI aus den<br />
übrigen Thierklassen [Museum Godeffroy Catalog VII. Vertebrates (Animalia vertebrata) and addenda to Catalogs<br />
V & VI from the remaining animal classes]. Hamburg. viii + 99 pp.<br />
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Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz, jr. (1879)<br />
Stated date: May 1879 [listed by Kobelt 1879: 80 (July) as having been received] .<br />
Publisher: L. Friederichsen & Co.<br />
Printer: Not stated.<br />
Content: Title page; Inhalts-Verzeichniss [index] (iii–iv); Vorwort [preface] (v–vi); Abkürzungen,<br />
Bemerkungen [abbreviations, remarks] (vii–viii); catalog (1–92); Addenda (92–96); Doubletten der<br />
ethnographischen Sammlung [duplicates of the ethnographic collection] (97); Doubletten der botanischen<br />
Sammlung [duplicates of the botanical collection] (98); Errata (p. 99). Inside wrappers with advertisements by<br />
Friederichsen & Co. for the Journal des Museum Godeffroy, Hefte 1–14 and for maps of West Equatorial Africa.<br />
Mollusca: Cephalopoda, Cephalophora, Acephala; pp. 84–89 [mollusks ending on p. 89; the last part also<br />
extending to some non-mollusks: brachiopods and tunicates]; Addenda section for Cephalophora; p. 96.<br />
Taxonomic specialists as in the prior catalogs, according to Schmeltz (1879: v).<br />
Catalog VIII (1881):<br />
Museum Godeffroy, Hamburg. Catalog VIII. [no date/cover/title page found]. Issued as Inseraten-Beilage (=<br />
advertising supplement) 91 of Zoologischer Anzeiger, 4. 18 pp.<br />
Author: J. D. E. Schmeltz [no “jr.”] (1881)<br />
Stated date: Exact date not established, but likely between 1 August (date of Beilage 89) and 26 September<br />
(date of Beilage 93).<br />
Publisher: Not stated.<br />
Printer: Breitkopf und Härtel, Leipzig.<br />
Content: Catalog (1–18) [no other formal parts in addition to catalog listings].<br />
Mollusca: Cephalopoda, Cephalophora et Acephala; pp. 16–17<br />
Catalog IX (1884):<br />
Museum Godeffroy Catalog IX. Hamburg. 48 pp.<br />
Author: C. A. Pöhl. (1884)<br />
Stated date: May 1884.<br />
Publisher: L. Friederichsen & Co.<br />
Printer: Not stated.<br />
Content: Title page; Vorwort [preface] (p. 3); catalog (pp. 5–48 [ending upruptly, but appently the final page<br />
published]).<br />
Mollusca: None (Vertebrata and Insecta only).<br />
“Museum Godeffroy 1885”<br />
Although there was no Catalog published in 1885, “Mus. Godeffroy, 1885” is referenced by Garrett (1887c, 1887d)<br />
as the source for several names. In his text for the nomina so cited, Garrett made statements such as “I received four<br />
examples of this singular species from the Museum Godeffroy” or “I received this species from the Museum<br />
Godeffroy labelled …”. There are seven of these “1885” names, two of them in the synonymy of species<br />
attributable to Pfeiffer and Pease; the over five were made available by Garrett. To avoid any confusion about the<br />
existence of another Catalog, and for completeness, these “Godeffroy 1885” nomina are here listed:<br />
Georissa juvenilis “Mousson” Garrett, 1887d: 314. Attributed to Mousson with reference to “Diancta juvenilis, Mousson, MS.,<br />
Mus. Godeffroy, 1885.”<br />
Georissa parva (Pease)—Garrett, 1887d: 314. With “Hydrocena insularis, ‘Crosse,’ Mousson, in Museum Godeffroy, 1885” in<br />
synonymy.<br />
Helicina incisa “Mousson” Garrett, 1887d: 313. Attributed to “Mousson MS., Museum Godeffroy, 1885”.<br />
Helicina pohliana Garrett, 1887d: 313. With Reference to “Helicina miniata, ‘Lesson’ (not of Lesson in Voy. Coquille),<br />
Museum Godeffroy, 1885”.<br />
Ostodes liberatus “Mousson” Garrett, 1887d: 305. Attributed to “Mousson MS., Museum Godeffroy, 1885”.<br />
Ostodes strictus “Mousson” Garrett, 1887d: 306. Attributed to “Mousson MS., Museum Godeffroy, 1885”.<br />
Stenogyra tuckeri Pfeiffer—Garrett, 1887c: 132. With “Stenogyra gyrata, Mousson MS., in Mus. Godeffroy, 1885” in<br />
synonymy.<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
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Other species-specific advertisements<br />
In addition to the longer catalog listings described above, Schmeltz placed various announcements in scientific<br />
journals, publicizing the availability of certain zoological specimens for sale. Several appeared—like Catalog<br />
VIII—as advertising supplements to the Zoologischer Anzeiger (Inseraten-Beilagen nos. 53, 73, 75, 89, 98, 100,<br />
116). Most offered vertebrate specimens, no Mollusca were included among the advertisements located; see<br />
Schmeltz (1880, 1881a, c, d, f, g, 1882a).<br />
Journal des Museum Godeffroy (JMG)<br />
The JMG comprises six volumes (Bände), see Fig. 16. The subtitle of the Journal was “Geographische,<br />
ethnographische und naturwissenschaftliche Mittheilungen”, and the serial indeed published on a broad range of<br />
topics, including meteorological observations, maps, and reports of Godeffroy-sponsored collectors. Ludwig<br />
Friederichsen (as L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg) served as publisher. The JMG published in German, with very<br />
few exceptions (e.g., Milne Edwards 1873). In contrast to the inexpensively produced and distributed Catalog<br />
series, the JMG set high standards in print and color reproduction. The resulting price—a set of the first 12<br />
published numbers cost 540 Mark (Scheps 2005: 185)—was described as “unaffordable“ or “extraordinary“ in<br />
contemporary reviews (e.g., Anonymous 1874: 1455).<br />
Eduard Graeffe (see above) served as first editor of the JMG from 1872, but left the Godeffroy Museum<br />
toward the end of 1873 to become director of the aquarium in Vienna. The editorial duties were taken over by<br />
Ludwig Friedrichsen, who had long acted as publisher for the various museum’s publications. Unassigned <strong>article</strong>s<br />
(e.g., “Kleine Mittheilungen” in Heft 2 of Volume V, 1876) are therefore attributable to Friedrichsen, although<br />
much of the material was likely provided by curator (and Catalog author) Schmeltz. Financial support for the JMG<br />
dried up in 1881 (Günther, in the foreword to Heft VIII of 1909), and the final numbers making up volume VI<br />
published in 1909 and 1910 appeared long after the museum had ceased to exist. It was a Godeffroy family<br />
foundation (the “Dr. Wilhelm Martin von Godeffroy Familien-Fidei-Comiss-Stiftung”) that came to the rescue and<br />
allowed the completion of the project.<br />
As previously pointed out by Winckworth (1946: 22), the JMG has a puzzling system of multiple pagination,<br />
one each for the volume (Band), the part (Heft), and the separately issued offprints. Another peculiarity is the<br />
combination of the Hefte into volumes out of numerical order, with volume I consisting of parts 1, 2, and 4; volume<br />
II of parts 3, 5, 7, and 9; volume III of parts 6, 8, and 10; volume IV of parts 11, 13, and 15; and volume V of parts<br />
12 and 14. Volumes II, IV, and VI were dedicated entirely to “Andrew Garrett’s Fische der Südsee” (see below).<br />
Here the volumes (Bände) and parts (Hefte) received a dual classification system; for example, Heft 13 of Band IV<br />
in the overall publication series corresponds to Heft 6 of Band II of the “Fische der Südsee”. The other volumes<br />
contained miscellaneous <strong>article</strong>s.<br />
The journal editors were very inconsistent in citing the <strong>article</strong> titles in the content listings of volumes and<br />
numbers, leading to some confusion in the subsequent literature. An example is Graeffe’s (1873b) report on<br />
Kubary’s work in the Marshall Islands, which in the actual <strong>article</strong> is named simply “Die Ebongruppe im Marshall’s<br />
Archipel”, in the content listing of Heft 1 “Die Lagune von Ebon, nach brieflichen Mittheilungen von J. Kubary,<br />
bearbeitet by Dr. E. Gräffe”, and in the content listing of Band 1 “Die Ebongruppe I, Marshall’s Archipel nach<br />
briefl. Mitteilungen J. Kubary’s”.<br />
The following lists all volumes (Bände) with their individual parts (Hefte) and indicates <strong>article</strong>s that are<br />
dealing with taxonomy of Mollusca. Articles that mention general collecting activities or descriptions of shellbased<br />
artifacts are not annotated herein. The major molluscan <strong>article</strong>s were authored by the Danish physician and<br />
malacologist Rudolph Bergh (1873a, 1874c, 1875b, 1879a), as part of his extensive series on the nudibranchs of<br />
the South Sea (“Neue Nacktschnecken der Südsee, malacologische Untersuchungen”); see Fig. 17.<br />
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FIGURE 16. Title page of JMG Band 3 (1873–1902; from copy held at the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago).<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
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FIGURE 17. Reproduction of Bergh’s (1874c) nudibranch plate 1 in the JMG (Band 3, Heft 6), with images 1–5 and 18–20<br />
based on sketches by Eduard Graeffe, and 6–17 based on those by Andrew Garrett (from copy held at the Field Museum of<br />
Natural History, Chicago).<br />
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Band I (1873/74), 295 pp., 35 pls.<br />
Heft 1 (pp. 1–70, pls. 1–8), with foreword and <strong>article</strong>s 2–7. Original sales price, 5 Thaler. Date: by 15<br />
January 1873 [based on listing and review by Anonymous in The Academy (1873: 32, 33)]. No Mollusca.<br />
Heft 2 (pp. 71–175 [1–103], pls. 1–12), with <strong>article</strong>s 8–12. Original sales price, 10 Thaler. Date: May 1873<br />
[based on printed date on Heft back wrapper]. Mollusca: Bergh (1873).<br />
Heft 4 (pp. 177–295 [1–119], pls. 1–15), with <strong>article</strong>s 13–20. Original sales price, 10 Thaler. Date: The printed<br />
back wrapper states “Hamburg, im October 1873“, but the volume cover gives 1874 as the end date for Band I.<br />
Heft 4 appeared before 15 October 1873 [based on a note of that date by G. Semper (1873: 425) in the The<br />
Annals and Magazine of Natural History, referring to Heft 4 as having just been published]. No Mollusca.<br />
Band II (1873–1875), pp. i–iv, 1–128, pls. 1–83 [= “Andrew Garrett’s Fische der Südsee, beschrieben und<br />
redigiert von Albert C.L. G. Günther, Band I”, with Hefte renumbered in sequence 1–4]. No Mollusca.<br />
Heft 3 (pp. i–ii, 1–24, pls. 1–20). = Fische der Südsee Heft 1. Original sales price, 20 Thaler. Date: August<br />
1873 [printed date on Heft end wrapper]<br />
Heft 5 (pp. 25–56, pls. 21–40). = Fische der Südsee Heft 2. Original sales price, 20 Thaler. Date: February<br />
1874 [printed date on Heft end wrapper; according to Dor (1976: 192), pls. 21–40 were published with Heft<br />
7]<br />
Heft 7 (pp. 57–96, pls. 41–60). = Fische der Südsee Heft 3. Original sales price, 60 Mark. Date: December<br />
1874 [printed date on Heft end wrapper]<br />
Heft 9 (pp. iii–iv, 97–128, pls. 61–83). = Fische der Südsee Heft 4. Original sales price, 60 Mark. Date:<br />
November 1875 [printed date on Heft end wrapper]<br />
Band III (1873–1902), 284 pp., 43 pls.; original sales price, 95 Mark.<br />
Heft 6 (pp. 1–131, [i], pls. 1–5), with <strong>article</strong>s 1–7. Original sales price, 5 Thaler. Date: “1873/74” [Heft<br />
title]. Published after 1 October 1874, the date of an oral presentation to the Geographische Gesellschaft in<br />
Hamburg by editor Friederichsen, in which he referred to the upcoming publication of Heft 6 (Friederichsen<br />
1875) and before 18 November 1874, the date of a review in Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen (Anonymous<br />
1874). Mollusca: Bergh (1874).<br />
Heft 8 (pp. [i], 133–271 [1–139], pls. 1–18), with <strong>article</strong>s 1–8 (= <strong>article</strong>s 8–15 of Volume). Original sales<br />
price, 36 Mark. Date: “1875” [Heft title; and according to a review by “K.M.” (1876: 912) in Göttingische<br />
gelehrte Anzeigen]; “31. Mai 1875” given as date of added corrections on last page. Published between 31<br />
May and before 17 September 1875, the publication date of a review in Botanische Zeitung that included an<br />
<strong>article</strong> in Heft 8 (Kraus 1875). Mollusca: Bergh (1875).<br />
Heft 10 (pp. 273–284 [1–13], pls. 1–20), with foreword and <strong>article</strong> 2 (= <strong>article</strong>s 16, 17 of Volume). Date:<br />
“1902” [Heft title]. No Mollusca.<br />
Band IV (1876–1881), pp. i–v, 129–260, pls. 84–140 [= “Andrew Garrett’s Fische der Südsee, beschrieben und<br />
redigiert von Albert C.L. G. Günther, Band II”, with Hefte renumbered in sequence 5–7]. Original sales price, 180<br />
Mark. No Mollusca.<br />
Heft 11 (pp. 129–168, pls. 84–100). = Fische der Südsee Heft 5. Date: “1876” [printed date on Heft front<br />
wrapper].<br />
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Heft. 13 (pp. 169 –216, pls. 101 –120). = Fische der Südsee Heft 6. Date: “1877” [printed date on Heft front<br />
wrapper].<br />
Heft. 15 (pp. i–v, 217–260, pls. 121–140). = Fische der Südsee Heft 7. Date: “1881” [printed date on Heft<br />
front wrapper]; 5 Dec. 1881 [date of notice in Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in<br />
Zürich 26: 384].<br />
Band V (1876/1879), 284 pp., 24 pls.<br />
Heft 12 (178 pp., 8 pls.), with <strong>article</strong>s 1–9. Date: “Juli 1876” stated on pp. 175, 178. Mollusca: Heynemann<br />
(1876), Friedrichsen (1876 a, b, c).<br />
Heft 14 (284 pp., 16 pls.), with <strong>article</strong>s 1–15. Date: “1879” on Heft title; “Februar 1879” on back wrapper;<br />
28 February accepted as date by Burn (1978: 298), giving this <strong>article</strong> priority over Bergh’s other papers of<br />
the same year. Mollusca: Bergh (1879a).<br />
Band VI (1909–1910), pp. i–iv, i–vi, 261–515, pls. 141–180 [= “Andrew Garrett’s Fische der Südsee, beschrieben<br />
und redigiert von Albert C.L. G. Günther, Band III”, with Hefte renumbered in sequence 5–7]. No Mollusca.<br />
Heft 16 (i–iv, pp. 261–388, pls. 141–160). = Fische der Südsee Heft 8. Date: “1909” [printed date on title<br />
page and Heft front wrapper; Dor (1976: 192) erroneously gave the beginning page as “216”].<br />
Heft 17 (pp. i–vi, [ii], 389–515, pls. 161–180). = Fische der Südsee Heft 9. Date: “1910” [printed date on<br />
title page and Heft front wrapper].<br />
Other Godeffroy publications<br />
In addition to the mentioned sales catalogs and its JMG series, the Museum Godeffroy issued only a few standalone<br />
works that largely focused on ethnographic themes. All but one of these were issued when the museum was<br />
already endangered and were probably published to showcase the value and relevance of the museum’s holdings to<br />
those deciding on its future.<br />
In 1876, only days after the museum had moved into its new quarters, Schmeltz issued a list of the<br />
ethnographic collections to serve as a guide during the 49 th annual meeting of the Gesellschaft Deutscher<br />
Naturforscher und Ärzte, an interdiscplinary society of researchers and physicians that met in Hamburg that year.<br />
No other museum guide appears to have been published until 1882, when Schmeltz (1882c) issued a 61-page<br />
publication describing the museum.<br />
Schmeltz and the physician/anthropologist Rudolph Krause published a large work describing in detail the<br />
ethnographic and anthropological collections of the museum (Schmeltz & Krause 1881). This was followed by an<br />
“Anthropologisches Album” with photographs of individuals from Polynesia, Micronesia, and Melanesia that had<br />
been taken mostly by Kubary during his travels, with others supplied by Hübner, Garrett, and Kleinschmidt<br />
(Museum Godeffroy 1881). A second set of photographs followed in 1885 (Scheps 2005: 196), containing images<br />
from the Bismarck Archipelago supplied by Kleinschmidt.<br />
Molluscan Taxa in Godeffroy Publications<br />
Molluscan taxa and nomina nuda in the Godeffroy Catalogs<br />
The following listing is arranged by the Godeffroy species numbers as they were used in Museum collection and<br />
Sales Catalogs. Within each numbered entry, later listings are not repeated in full but are denoted by year, catalog<br />
number and page number, separated from the earlier listing by a semicolon. If a different or emended name is used<br />
in a later catalog, such listing is separated from the earlier usage by an em dash [—]. Catalog entries using the same<br />
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BIELER & PETIT
name/number are not included if they were published after the name had been made available. Nomen nudum is<br />
normally used only once for each nude species-group name, although in some cases it may appear twice in order to<br />
maintain clarity. “=” denotes objective synonymy; “?=” denotes subjective synonymy. In identifying the current<br />
placement of the species listed by Godeffroy we have been conservative in the use of genera, such as using Conus<br />
for all Conidae despite the fact that the genus is now split into many genera. Using anything other than Conus (or<br />
Cypraea for Cypraeidae) would involve deciding what current authority to follow and then giving a reason for<br />
doing so—issues that have little bearing on the current paper. The names as listed with conventional generic<br />
placement cannot be misunderstood.<br />
Some of the names listed by Schmeltz for which we have not found authorities, such as minor and gracilior,<br />
might have been meant as morphological descriptors but are treated herein as taxonomic names for consistency.<br />
Multi-word descriptors, written as varietal names such as “maxima costata”, are considered to be descriptive terms<br />
and not intended to be nomina. They are included here for completeness and to avoid any possible future<br />
confusion.<br />
The names used by Schmeltz and commented upon in the following listing can be grouped in several<br />
categories: a total of 162 nude names were attributed to correspondent authors (Dunker, Garrett, Mousson, Pease,<br />
Semper), using notations such as “Mss., n. sp.” to indicate that the name had been supplied by one of them. An<br />
additional 213 nude names were attributed to the same correspondents, but with no notation of novelty. Another<br />
154 names were attributed to non-binominal authors (Chemnitz, Gronovius, Martini, Martyn, Meuschen) or to<br />
Solander (the majority of names attributed to the latter being nude). At the time, works by these authors were<br />
considered to be available by some, although not most, zoologists. The status of these old works was a matter of<br />
contention for many years. Schmeltz sometimes reversed himself more than once on authorship of some species in<br />
subsequent catalog issues. In addition, 27 names were listed without author, and 12 entries are interpreted as<br />
descriptive terms not considered to be intended as binominal. Seven nude names were introduced by Schmeltz<br />
either attributed to others as replacement names, or tagged as “Nobis” or “mihi” but were not made available<br />
therein (see numbers 1781, 5228, 6897, 7310, 8088, 8782, 9088, 9472 [8088 and 9088 are the same name]). Four<br />
names were given with wrong authors. Another eight entries deal with miscellaneous topics such as unnamed<br />
varieties or non-molluscan taxa.<br />
Only five names, one (preoccupied) genus-group name and four replacement species-group names were found<br />
to date from the Catalogs (numbers 8541, 6882, 8711, 7215, 8832).<br />
Schmeltz used abbreviations customary in taxonomic writing at the time. These include “in lit.” [littera/litteris] = in<br />
a letter and “in sched.” [scheda/schedis] = on a label. He also employed “Mscr.” [manuscript] and the Latin “an”<br />
[or] when suggesting an alternate taxonomic placement. These usages are not individually annotated below. The<br />
names of authors that were abbreviated in the catalog have been extended and emended in square brackets; such<br />
changes were not made within direct quotes.<br />
4. Cyclina chinensis Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 43. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. See number 7184 in this list.<br />
540a. Strombus papilio Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 96 ; 1874[V]: 141. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Strombus pipus (Röding, 1798).<br />
547. Ranella olivator Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20; 1865[II]: 36; 1866[III]: 36; 1869[IV]: 95. In subgenus<br />
Apollon in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s work is non-binominal. This is Gyrineum natator (Röding, 1798).<br />
562a. Pleurotoma acuticarinata Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
569a. Oliva irisans Lmk. var. major [no author], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 21, Sd.I. [= Hawaii] Nomen nudum.—Oliva<br />
tigrina Reeve var., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 82, V.I. [= Fiji].<br />
NOTE: There is no “Oliva major” and this may simply indicate large specimens. There is no Oliva tigrina<br />
Reeve; Reeve correctly attributed the name to Lamarck, 1811. Due to the different locations and the use of the<br />
term “var.” we do not speculate on the identity of the species involved.<br />
578. Strombus flosculosus Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 19; 1866[III]: 37; 1869[IV]: 97; 1874[V]: 142, 158. In<br />
1866 with “(floridus Lam.)” in synonymy and in 1869 with synonyms “Aporrhais gibberulus Meusch[en],<br />
Lamb. flammea Link [1807], Str. floridus Lam[arck, 1822].” Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. His flosculosus is Strombus mutabilis Swainson, 1821 fide Abbott<br />
(1960: 72–73). Link’s species was incorrectly placed in this synonymy by various authors as shown by Abbott.<br />
587. Murex scaber Chemnitz, Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21; 1865[II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34; 1869[IV]: 90; 1874[V]: 131, 155.<br />
In 1869 with synonyms “M. miliaris Gm., M. vitulinus Lam., M. purpura Desh.” The 1865 listing, and all after<br />
1866, placed in subgenus Vitularia. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This species is now Vitularia miliaris (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
589. Murex nigritus Mensh. [sic; = Meuschen], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21. Nomen nudum.—Murex radix Gm[elin],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34.—Murex nigrita Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 90; 1874[V]: 131.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available. The species was correctly listed in lists II and III as Murex radix<br />
Gmelin, 1791.<br />
590. Murex inflatus Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21.—Murex frondosus Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 22;<br />
1866[III]: 34; 1869[IV]: 89; 1874[V]: 130, 155, in subgenus Chicoreus in 1869 and 1874, with numerous<br />
synonyms. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. The earliest name for this species is Murex (Chicoreus) ramosus<br />
(Linnaeus, 1758) fide Vokes (1971).<br />
591. Murex capucinus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21; 1865[II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34; 1869[IV]: 89; 1874[V]: 130.<br />
In subgenus Pteronotus in 1869 and Chicoreus in 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This name was made available as Murex capucinus Lamarck, 1822.<br />
595. Ricinula fenestrata [no author], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: In Catalogs [II]: 23 and [III]: 33 this number represented Ricinula cavernosa Reeve, 1846. There must<br />
have been some error in identification as Drupella fenestrata (Blainville, 1832) is in use and R. cavernosa is<br />
considered a synonym of Cronia ochrostoma (Blainville, 1832).<br />
596. Ricinula amoenum Phil[ippi?], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This name cannot be located. This name does not appear in the Catalogs again, but in Catalog [IV]: 85<br />
Number 596 is used for Ricinula (Sistrum) fiscellum Chem[nitz]. This was probably an error for number 597,<br />
q.v.<br />
597. Purpura (Sistrum) fiscellum Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21; 1865[II]: 23.—Sistrum fiscellum Chemn[itz],<br />
Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 33.—Ricinula (Sistrum) fiscellum Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 85; as number 596 in<br />
error.—Pentadactylus (Sistrum) fiscelluus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 121; as number 598 and on page<br />
153 as number 596, both in error. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This name was made available by Gmelin and is now Muricodrupa<br />
fiscella (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
598. See number 597<br />
601. Purpura grisea Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21. Nomen nudum.—Purpura exigua Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 33; 1869[IV]: 85; 1874[V]: 123. Nomen nudum. In subgenus<br />
Thalessa in 1869 and Stramonita in 1874.<br />
NOTE: No description of either of these nomina has been located. In Catalog V Schmeltz listed “8839 Purpura<br />
grisea Bolt. [= Röding, 1798]” from Port Denison [Western Australia]. There was evidently some confusion as<br />
this Röding species is the amphi-Atlantic Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
608. Nerita lineata [no author], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22; 1865[II]: 23.—Nerita lineata Born, Schmeltz, 1866[III]:<br />
38.—Nerita lineata (L.) Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99.—Nerita lineata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]:<br />
144. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. There is no “Nerita lineata Born”, Chemnitz’s name being made<br />
available as Nerita lineata Gmelin, 1791. According to Cernohorsky (1979: 42) that usage is preoccupied by<br />
N. lineata Mueller [= Müller], 1774 and the name for the species is Nerita balteata Reeve, 1855.<br />
610. Nerita chamaeleon Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22. Nomen nudum.—Nerita chamaeleon L., Schmeltz,<br />
1866[III]: 38.—Nerita stella Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Nerita chamaeleon Linnaeus, 1758 is in use. The other name used<br />
was made available as Nerita stella Dillwyn, 1817 and is according to Tryon (1888: 20) the same as N.<br />
chamaeleon Linnaeus, 1758.<br />
614a. Janthina exigua Lam. var. maxima [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81; 1874[V]: 114. Genus as Ianthina in<br />
1874.—Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This varietal name was never made available. Possibly it was intended as a descriptive term.<br />
621. Trochus (Trochocochlea) carinata [no author], Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 22. Nomen nudum.—Trochus zebra Wood,<br />
Schmeltz, 1865 (II): 24; 1866[III]: 38.<br />
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NOTE: Trochus carinata Cantraine, 1835, treated by Tryon (1888: 252) is a Mediterranean species as is<br />
Trochus zebra Wood, 1828. As neither of the names can apply to an Australian species, the identification of<br />
number 621 is not possible.<br />
626. Turbo porphyritis [sic; = ...tes] Gmel[in], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22.—Turbo porphyrites Martyn, Schmeltz,<br />
1865[II]: 24; 1866[III]: 38.—Lunella porphyrites Martyn, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 100; 1874[V]: 158, in 1869<br />
with synonyms “T. complanatus Ch., T. versicolor Gm.” Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. His figure was named Turbo porphyrites Gmelin, 1791, now considered<br />
a synonym of Lunella cinerea (Born, 1778).<br />
630. Patella tramoserica Martyn, Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22; 1866[III]: 38; 1869[IV]: 103; 1874[V]: 149, 160. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. It was made available as Patella tramoserica Holten, 1802.<br />
632. Auricula judae Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 69; 1874[V]: 96. Nomen nudum.—As of Lam[arck] in<br />
1864[I]: 23.—Auricula auris judae L[innaeus], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 26; 1866[III]: 28. This is a case where<br />
Schmeltz reverted to a Chemnitz name when he had previously attributed it to Linnaeus.<br />
NOTE: This is Ellobium aurisjudae (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
634. Aeolis lepadivora Gräffe nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23;1865[II]: 26; 1866[III]: 39; 1869[IV]: 105. In 1865<br />
with note “found floating on a Sepia cuttlebone” [translated herein]; not tagged as “n. sp.” after 1865. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: Placed in synonymy of Fiona pinnata (Eschscholtz, 1831) by Bergh (1873a: JMG, 1(2): 159 [87]).<br />
652. Clio pyramidata Browne?, Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24.—Cleodora pyramidata Browne, Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 27;<br />
1866[III]: 40; 1869[IV]: 106. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Browne’s [1756] work is pre-Linnaean. This is Clio pyramidalis Linnaeus, 1767.<br />
653. Stiliola [sic] annulata Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1865[II]: 27; 1869[IV]: 107. Not as “n.<br />
sp.” after 1864. Stiliola is an incorrect spelling of Styliola and was correctly rendered in the 1869 listing.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
654. Stiliola [sic] lata Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1865[II]: 27. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
656. Spondylus ducalis Cuv[ier], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24. Nomen nudum.—Spondylus ducalis Chemn[itz],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42, [IV]: 116; 1874[V]: 178. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Not of Cuvier. Chemnitz’s name is not available. His name was made available as Spondylus ducalis<br />
Röding, 1798. The earlier name Spondylus squamosus Schreibers, 1793 is used by those who consider<br />
Schreibers’s work to be binominal.<br />
660a. Malleus albus Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 115. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. It was made available as Malleus albus Lamarck, 1819.<br />
670. Pinna nigra Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 176. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. It was made available as P. nigra Dillwyn, 1817 which is considered<br />
by Huber (2010) to be a synonym of Atrina vexillum (Born, 1778).<br />
672. Pinna chemnitzii Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1865[II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42; 1869[IV]: 115; 1874[V]:<br />
176, 180. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Possibly an error for Pinna chemnitzii<br />
Hanley, 1858.<br />
676. Arca (Barbatia) grayana Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24. Nomen nudum.—Arca grayana<br />
Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 41. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Barbatia grayana Dunker, 1867.<br />
682. Modiola plumescens Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25; 1865 [II]: 28; 1866[III]: 42.—Perna<br />
(Modiola) plumescens Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 180. Nomen nudum. Not as “n. sp.” after 1864.<br />
NOTE: = Modiola tumescens Clessin, 1888. See Taxa Note 2.<br />
684. Chama macrophyllum [sic] Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25. Nomen nudum.—Chama macrophylla [sic]<br />
Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 28; 1866[III]: 41; 1869[IV]: 172. Nomen nudum. All localities listed are<br />
southern Pacific.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest name for his figures is Chama macerophylla Gmelin,<br />
1791. As Gmelin’s species is western Atlantic, it cannot be the species Schmeltz had in hand. The Godeffroy<br />
species must remain unidentified.<br />
685. Tridacna squamosa Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 25. Nomen nudum.—Tridacna squamosa Lam[arck],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 28.<br />
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NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. See next entry (number 686).<br />
686. Tridacna croceus Lst. [= Lister], Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 25. Nomen nudum.—Tridacna crocea Lam[arck],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 28; 1866 [III]: 41.—Tridacna scapha Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 113, with T.<br />
crocea Lam. in synonymy.—Chametrachaea scapha Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 172. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Lister’s work is pre-Linnaean and use of his name was an obvious error. Meuschen’s name is not<br />
available and his species is Tridacna squamosa Lamarck, 1819 fide Rosewater (1965), who treated Tridacna<br />
crocea Lamarck, 1819 as a separate species.<br />
687. Cardium (Trachycardium) vimineum Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68, with ‘C. elongatum Brug.?’ in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available and his species is said to have been from China. Hylleberg (2004: 831)<br />
does not attempt to place this species, stating that it is insufficiently known.<br />
711. Venus inscripta Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25. Nomen nudum.—Meretrix lusoria Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz,<br />
1869[IV]: 110; 1874[V]: 168. In 1969 with synonyms “Card. insriptum [sic] Martyn, Card. virgulatum<br />
Martyn, V. japonica Bolt., Cyth. meretrix Lam.” Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s and Chemnitz’s names are not available. This is Meretrix lusoria (Röding, 1798).<br />
890. See number 990.<br />
962. Cassidula sulculosa Mss. [= Mousson] var. major, Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No record of this variety has been located.<br />
963. Pythia pantherina Ad. [= A. Adams, 1851], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1866[III]: 28.—Pythia pantherina Ad. [=<br />
A. Adams] var. uveana Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii, 26. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Pythia pantherina A. Adams var. uveana Mousson, 1865: 177. See next entry.<br />
963. Pythia savayensis [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68, with footnote reference to “P. pantheria<br />
Ad. Cat. I–III”. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Pythia savaiensis Mousson, 1869: 345. Number 963 used for two different (or misidentified) species?<br />
968. Solarium perspectiviunculum (Trochus) Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.—Torinia<br />
variegata Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 114, with S. perspectiviunculum Ch[emnitz] in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Although it was made available by Dillwyn (1817), the correct name<br />
for the species is Heliacus variegatus (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
974. Amalthea rugulosa Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Amalthea rugulosa Dunker, 1871 : 151.<br />
977. Narica vanicora [no author], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 18. Nomen nudum.—Narica vanicoro Q. & G. [= Quoy &<br />
Gaimard], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 19. Nomen nudum.—Vanikoro vanicoro Q. & G., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76.<br />
Nomen nudum.—Vanikoro vanikoro Q. & G. Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 106. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Identification of this species is not possible as there is no species vanicora, vanicoro, or vanikoro in this<br />
genus or associated genera. Quoy & Gaimard used Vanikoro as a vernacular name later given genus status by<br />
the I.C.Z.N. in Opinion 1009 as of Quoy & Gaimard, 1832. Identification can be made only if a museum<br />
specimen with the Godeffroy label is found. See number 6880 for the type species of Vanikoro.<br />
978. Strombus laciniatus Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: In subsequent Catalogs this species was number 979, q.v.<br />
979. Strombus laciniatus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 96; 1874[V]: 141. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest available name for the species is Strombus sinuatus<br />
(Lightfoot, 1786). See number 978.<br />
981. Pterocera radix bryon. Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 20, with “truncata Lam.” in synonymy.—Pteroceras<br />
radix bryoniae Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 36, with “truncata Lam.” in synonymy.—Pteroceras<br />
(Harpago) radix bryoniae Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 97, with synonyms “Pt. truncata Lam.” and “S.<br />
bryoniae Gm.”.—Harpago radix bryoniae Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 141, 157 with “Pt. truncata Lam.”<br />
in synonymy on page 141. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest available name for the species is Lambis truncata<br />
[Lightfoot, 1786].<br />
982. Dolium lactescens Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 20, with “(costatum Desh.)” in synonymy.—Dolium<br />
lactescens Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 95; 1874[V]: 140. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Tonna allium (Dillwyn, 1817).<br />
986. Ranella (Lampas) bufo Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 95. Nomen nudum—Bursa (Ranella) bufo<br />
Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 139, 157. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Bursa bufonaria (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
990. Tritonium (Gutternium) nodulum Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 95; 1874[V]: 140, 157 (as number 890 on<br />
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page 157 in error), with synonyms “T. tuberosum Lam., Distorsio muricina Bolt., M. ranula Meusch.” in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum. –Tritonium tuberosum Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 20.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. Tritonium tuberosum Lamarck, 1822, although correct, is not the<br />
earliest available name; it and D. muricina Bolt. [= Röding] are both now placed in the synonymy of Cymatium<br />
muricinum (Röding, 1798). Also in that synonymy is Triton nodulus Link which was based on Martini’s figure.<br />
1014. Conus vexillum Martini, Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 19; 1866[III]: 35; 1869[IV]: 92; 1874[V]: 135, 155. Nomen<br />
nudum. In subgenus Rhizoconus in 1869 and 1874.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. This is Conus vexillum Gmelin, 1791.<br />
1016. Conus godeffroyi Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 19. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. The name for species number 1016 in Catalog [III]: 35<br />
is Conus distans Hw[ass, 1792].<br />
1024. Conus lividus Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 19. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. In Catalog III and later issues this species was correctly listed as<br />
Conus lividus Hwass, 1792.<br />
1034. Oliva emicator Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 82; 1874[V]: 117, 152; with a list of seven synonyms in<br />
Catalog IV. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available. The first available name for this species is Oliva annulata (Gmelin,<br />
1791), one of the synonyms listed in Catalog IV.<br />
1034a. Dactylus porphyreticus Mart[ini] var., Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 105. Nomen nudum.<br />
Note: See number 1871.<br />
1036. Mitra papalis Lmk. [= Lamarck], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20.—Mitra papalis L[innaeus], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 21;<br />
1866[III]: 32.—Mitra cincta Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 83; 1874[V]:117, with “M. pontificalis Lam.”,<br />
“M. episcopalis minor Ch.” and “M. coronata Sch.” as synonyms.—Mitra cincta Meusch[en], Schmeltz,<br />
1874[V]: 153.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available. = Mitra papalis (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
1037. Mitra cardinalis Gronob. [= Gronovius], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20. Nomen nudum.—Mitra cardinalis<br />
Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 21; 1866[III]: 32; 1874[V]: 153; 1869[IV]: 83; (with “M. vermiculosa<br />
Martyn” in synonymy in 1869). Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Gronovius’s and Meuschen’s names are not available. = Mitra cardinalis (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
1039. Mitra (Chrysame) cucumerina Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 136. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. This species properly attributed to Lamarck, 1811 in earlier and later<br />
Catalogs.<br />
1040. Mitra (Nebularia) digitalis Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 83; 1874[V]: 153. Nomen nudum.—Mitra<br />
milleporus Lmk. [= Lamarck], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20; 1865[II]: 21;1866[III]: 32.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Mitra imperialis<br />
Röding, 1798.<br />
1041. Mitra filaris L[innaeus] var. nexilis Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Mitra nexilis Lamarck, 1811, now considered [e.g., Cernohorsky<br />
(1991: 90)] a synonym of Cancilla filaris (Linnaeus, 1771). This variety was listed as number 9679 in<br />
1874[V]: 118. In 1869[IV]: 83 the variety nexilis was listed under number 1038 as a synonym of M. filaris.<br />
1044. Mitra exasperata Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20; 1866[III]: 32.—Turricula (Costellaria) exasperata<br />
Ch[emnitz, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 84; 1874[V]: 119. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Vexillum exasperatum (Gmelin, 1791). A Corrrigenda in 1874[V]:<br />
210 added “M. arenosa Lam.” as a synonym.<br />
1048a. Engina mendicaria Lam. var. unifasciata [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This was not intended for Columbella unifasciata G. B. Sowerby I, 1832 as it is number 5891 in Catalog<br />
[V]: 126. Identity cannot be determined.<br />
1054. Fasciolaria filamentosa Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34 ; 1869[IV]: 87 ; 1874[V]: 119,<br />
154. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Fasciolaria filamentosa (Röding, 1798).<br />
1056. Turbinella spinosa Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20; 1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 34. Nomen nudum.—Peristernia<br />
spinosa Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88; 1877[VI]: 106. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. His name placed in synonymy of Peristernia columbarium (Gmelin,<br />
1791) by Cernohorsky (1972: 159–160).<br />
1064. Nassa velicata Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 22; 1866[III]: 33.—Nassa vellicata [sic] Meusch[en],<br />
Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 86; 1874[V]: 123, 159; with N. rumphi Deshayes as a synonym in 1865 and 1869. Nomen<br />
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nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available. His species and Nassa rumphi Deshayes, 1844 are not conspecific,<br />
the latter being restricted to the western Indian Ocean. The species in question is probably Nassarius gaudiosa<br />
(Hinds, 1844b).<br />
1066. Purpura armigera Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 20; 1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 33; 1869[IV]: 85, 137;<br />
1874[V]: 122, 154. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. His name was made available and is now Reishia armigera (Link,<br />
1807).<br />
1067a. Murex tribulus L[innaeus]. Lam[marck] var. major [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 89. Nomen nudum.<br />
1068. Jopas sertum Martini, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 137. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. Correctly attributed to Bruguière in other Catalogs. = Nassa serta<br />
(Bruguière, 1789).<br />
1074. Ricinula globosa Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 33; 1869[IV]: 84; in 1869 with synonyms “R.<br />
horrida Lam., Drupa morum Bolt., Murex neritoideus”.—Pendactylus globosus Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1874[V]:<br />
121. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Drupa morum Röding, 1798.<br />
1075. Harpa nobilis Rumph[ius], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21. Nomen nudum.—Harpa nobilis Mart[ini], Schmeltz,<br />
1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 31; 1869[IV]: 82; 1874[V]: 116. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Rumphius is pre-Linnaean and Martini’s name is not available. Rumphius’s figure was referenced in the<br />
description of Harpa harpa (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
1076. Harpa nablium Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21; 1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 32; 1869[IV]: 82; 1874[V]: 116;<br />
1877[VI]: 105, with “articularis Lam.” in synonymy in 1865 and with three names in synonymy in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. It is assumed that Schmeltz’s synonymy is correct and this is Harpa<br />
articularis Lamarck, 1822.<br />
1076a. Harpa major Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 82; 1874[V]: 116, 152, with H. conoidalis Lam. in synonymy.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. This is Harpa major Röding, 1798.<br />
1078. Pyramidella punctata Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21; 1865[II]: 23. Nomen nudum. Obeliscus punctatus<br />
Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78; 1874[V]: 108, 151. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The name is available from the 13th volume of “Martini-Chemnitz”<br />
where it was introduced as Pyramidella punctata Schubert & Wagner, 1829.<br />
1079. Nerita (Pila) maxima Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99; 1874[V]: 158, with (1869: 99) footnote that it is<br />
Nerita chrysostoma Recl[uz] of Catalog III. Nomen nudum.—Nerita chrysostoma Recl[uz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]:<br />
22; 1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 37.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. His name was made available as Nerita maxima Gmelin, 1791. It was<br />
considered by Tryon (1888) to be separable from N. chrysostoma Récluz, 1841.<br />
1085. Delphinula atrata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22; 1865[II]: 24; 1866[III]: 38. Nomen nudum.—Delphinula<br />
(Angaria Bolt.) atrata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102 ; 1879[VII] : 88. Nomen nudum.—Angaria atrata<br />
Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 148. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This species is Angaria delphinus (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
1086. Turbo crassus [no author], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22; 1865[II]: 24.—Turbo crassus Sow[erby], Schmeltz,<br />
1866[III]: 38.—Senectus crassus Gray, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 100 ; 1874[V]: 145. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This name was not introduced by any of the Sowerbys or by Gray. It is an apparent lapsus for Turbo<br />
crassus Wood, 1828.<br />
1086a. Fissurella fornicata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 149. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1088a. Senectus chrysostomus L. var. mutica [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 100; 1874[V]: 144, 158. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located.<br />
1090. Haliotis ovina Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22 ; 1865[II]: 24 ; 1866[III]: 38.—Padollus ovinus<br />
Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]:102 ; 1874[V]: 159. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Haliotis ovina Gmelin, 1791.<br />
1097. Dolabella scapula Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 162, 163; with “D. rumphii Cuv. “ in synonymy on page 162.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Dolabella auricularia [Lightfoot, 1786].<br />
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1110. Haminea subrufa Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1869[IV]: 104. Nomen nudum. Not as<br />
“nov. sp.” in 1869.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1111. Hydatina virgata Martyn, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 104; 1874[V]: 161, 162; with synonyms “B. physis Q. & G.”<br />
and “B. quoyana d’Orb.” in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Hydatina physis (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
1112. Stomatella godeffroyi Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 38; 1869[IV]: 102. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: ?= Stomatella mariei Crosse, 1871 fide Pilsbry (1891a: 71).<br />
1113. Terebratula sanguinea Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1865[II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42.<br />
NOTE: Although listed among the Mollusca by Schmeltz, this is a brachiopod, Terebratula sanguinea (Leach,<br />
1814).<br />
1114. Ostrea hyotis Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1865[II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42; 1869[IV]: 116; 1874[V]: 178.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Hyotissa hyotis (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
1116a. Pecten schmeltzii Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 116; 1874[V]: 177. Not as “n. sp.” in 1874.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Described as Pecten schmeltzii Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt, 1888, ex Dunker MS, a junior subjective<br />
synonym of Pascahinnites coruscans (Hinds, 1845), see Dijkstra & Köhler (2008: 41). See number 9381.<br />
1117. Mactra adspersa [no author], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 26. Nomen nudum.—Mactra achatina Chemn[itz],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 29; 1866[III]: 29.—Trigonella achatina Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 108, with<br />
synonyms “Mactra adspersa Dkr. [= Dunker], M. maculosa Lam., M. maculata Hanl.” Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This name was made available as Mactra achatina Holten, 1802.<br />
1119. Lima fragilis Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24, 1865[II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42; 1869[IV]: 116; 1874[V]: 180. In<br />
subgenus Mantellum after 1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Limaria fragilis (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
1120. Avicula longicanda [sic] Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1866[III]: 42. Not as “n. sp.” in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No record of this name ever having been made available has been located. Unless a specimen with a<br />
Godeffroy label can be located, it must remain unidentified.<br />
1120. Pinna (Atrina) saccata L[innaeus], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 176.<br />
NOTE: number evidently used twice in error.<br />
1121. Perna acutirostris Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1865[II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42; 1869[IV]:<br />
115. Not as “n. sp.” after 1864. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Listed in the extensive synonymy of<br />
Isognomon isognomon (Linnaeus, 1758) by Fischer-Piette (1976: 15) with reference only to Schmeltz, 1869.<br />
Dunker’s name made available as Isognomon acutirostris Otuka, 1936 (G. Rosenberg, pers. comm.).<br />
1124. Arca scapha Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24. Nomen nudum.—Anomalocardia scapha Chemn[itz],<br />
Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 114; 1874[V]: 174, 180. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The species is Arca antiquata Linnaeus, 1758.<br />
1127. Arca lactea List[er], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1865[II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42. Nomen nudum.—Arca umbonata<br />
Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 114.<br />
NOTE: Lister’s work is pre-Linnaean and Arca umbonata Lamarck is from the western Atlantic. Arca lactea<br />
Lamarck, 1819 is based on Lister’s figure but it is an eastern Atlantic species. Correct identification of<br />
Schmeltz’s material, from Samoa and Fiji, cannot be determined.<br />
1128. Arca (Barbatia) mollis Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24; 1866[III]: 42. Not as “n. sp.” in 1866<br />
or in a subgenus. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Barbatia mollis Dunker, 1867 [in 1858–1878].<br />
1130. Modiola multistriata Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25; 1865[II]: 28. Not as “n. sp.” in 1865.<br />
Nomen nudum.—Crenella multistriata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 42; 1869[IV]: 114; 1874[V]:<br />
175. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No use of this name by Dunker has been located. Number 1130 was listed by Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 89<br />
as Anapa triquetra Hanley, which must be considered an error.<br />
1132. Tridacna elongata Gualt[ieri], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Gualtieri’s name is not available. Name is correctly attributed to Lamarck, 1819 in later Catalogs.<br />
1137. Lucina squamosa [no author], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25. Nomen nudum.—Lucina fibula Reeve, Schmeltz,<br />
1869[IV]: 113.—Lucina ramulosa Gld. [= Gould], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 172, with “L. fibula Rv.” and “L.<br />
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divergens Phil.?” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: Lucina ramulosa Gould, 1850 appears to be the species intended by Schmeltz. Gould’s species has been<br />
recently treated by Glover & Taylor (2007: 134) as a synonym of Ctena bella (Conrad, 1837).<br />
1138. Lucina globosa [no author], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25. Nomen nudum.—Lucina ovum Reeve, Schmeltz,<br />
1865[II]: 28; 1866[III]: 41.– Loripes ovum Reeve, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 113.<br />
NOTE: Treated as Anodontia ovum (Reeve, 1850) by Glover & Taylor (2007: 112).<br />
1144. Tellina costulata Dkr. [= Dunker] nov. sp., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25; 1866[III]: 40; 1869[IV]: 108. Not as “n.<br />
sp.” after 1864; in subgenus Tellinella in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Not of Goldfuss, 1840.<br />
1146. Donax (Latona) faba Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 25;1865[II]: 28 ; 1866[III]: 40 ; 1869[IV]: 108. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Donax (Latona) faba (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
1315a. Navicella pala var. profunda Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37; 1869[IV]: 97 ; 1874[V]: 143. In<br />
genus Catillus in 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located.<br />
1317. Omphalotropis zebriolatus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 17; 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Omphalotropis zebriolatus Mousson, 1865.<br />
1318. Omphalotropis parvus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 17. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Omphalotropis parva Mousson, 1865: 199. See other number 1318 below.<br />
1318. Hydroceana [sic; = Hydrocena] parvula Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Hydrocena parvula Mousson, 1865: described from Upolu with the comment that Graeffe had<br />
considered it to be an Omphalotropis. It appears that Schmeltz used the same number for two species, one from<br />
Samoa and one from Fiji. See other number 1318 above.<br />
1319. Omphalotropis ovatus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Omphalotropis ovata Mousson, 1865.<br />
1320. Omphalotropis perforatus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 17; 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Omphalotropis perforata Mousson, 1865.<br />
1321. Ampullacera maculata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 17; 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Ampullacera maculata Mousson 1865.<br />
1323a. Melania assavaensis Mss. [= Mousson] var. desulcata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania asavaensis [sic] var. desulcata Mousson, 1870b.<br />
1325. Melania tuberculata Müll[er]. var. assavaensis Mess. [sic; = Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii, 18. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania tuberculata Müller var. assavaensis Mousson, 1865. Listed correctly in 1866[III]: 31 and<br />
1869[IV]: 78. Listed in 1864[I]: 17 as Melania virgulata Fér[ussac], a name often (e.g., Brot 1870) placed in<br />
the synonymy of M. tuberculata.<br />
1327. Melania davulus [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 17. Nomen nudum.—Melania clavulus Mess.<br />
[sic; = Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania clavulus Mousson, 1865. Listed with correct spelling in 1866[III]: 31 and 1869[IV]: 79.<br />
1328. Melania graeffei Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 17. Nomen nudum.—Melania lutosa Gld. [=<br />
Gould]?, Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii, 18.—Melania gräffei [sic] Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.?), Schmeltz, 1866[III]:<br />
31. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania lutosa graeffei Mousson, 1869.<br />
1328a. Melania plicatilis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania plicatilis Mousson, 1870b.<br />
1349. Truncatella rustica Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 17; 1865 [II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Truncatella rustica Mousson, 1865.<br />
1352. Helicina vitiensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 21; 1865 [II]: 23. Nomen nudum<br />
NOTE: = Helicina vitiensis Mousson, 1865. Listed as Helicina musiva Gld. var. vitiana Mss. [= Mousson],<br />
Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Note the difference in spelling in 1869. Also listed by Mousson (1870b: 202) as H.<br />
musiva var. vitiana [sic].<br />
1353. Helicina pallida Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of Helicina pallida Mousson has been located. There is one of Gould, 1847 from Fiji and<br />
one of Pfeiffer, 1848 from Tahiti. We have been unable to determine which, if either, was intended by Schmeltz.<br />
1354a. Helicina beryllina Gld. [= Gould] var. zonata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74; 1874[V]: 98,<br />
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150. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Listed by Cowie (1998: 22) with reference only to its listing in Paetel (1890: 492) where it is a nomen<br />
nudum. Cowie listed three earlier uses of this name by other authors but none are for Samoan shells.<br />
1356a. Navicella schmeltziana Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37; 1869[IV]: 98. Not as “n. sp.” in<br />
1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Navicella schmeltziana Mousson, 1870b.<br />
1357. Neritina canalis Sow[erby], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22.—Neritina pulligera var. subcanalis Mss. [= Mousson],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii, 24. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Neritina pulligera Linnaeus, 1767 var. subcanalis Mousson, 1865.<br />
1357a. Neritina frondosa Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Neritina frondosa Mousson, 1870b.<br />
1358. Neritina dubia Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22. Nomen nudum.—Neritina sandalina Recl[uz], Schmeltz,<br />
1865[II]: 24.—Neritina helvola Gld. [= Gould], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37; 1869[IV]: 98.—Neritella helvola<br />
Gld. [= Gould], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 144.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Neritina sandalina Récluz, 1842 and N. helvola Gould, 1847 are both<br />
available.<br />
1358a. Neritina turrita Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. Nomen nudum.—Neritina turrita<br />
Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Neritina turrita (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
1359. Neritina lugubris Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 22.—Neritina vitiensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz,<br />
1865[II]: iii, 24. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Neritina vitiensis Mousson, 1865: 204. Later listed as Neritina vitiensis Mss. [= Mousson] “(an<br />
chrysocolla Gld. ?)”, Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. In 1869 Schmeltz listed 1359 and added 1359a, the first<br />
considered to be restricted to N. chrysocolla Gould, 1847 and the latter to the variety vitiensis although both<br />
appear to be for the variety. Mousson (1870b: 218) listed his vitiensis as a variety of chrysocolla.<br />
1359a. Neritina (Neritina) chrysocolla Gld. var. vitiensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98.<br />
NOTE: See number 1359 above.<br />
1365. Nanina upolensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1865[II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina upolensis Mousson, 1865.<br />
1366. Nanina unisulcata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1865[II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina unisulcata Mousson, 1865.<br />
1367. Nanina samoensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina samoensis Mousson, 1865.<br />
1367a. Nanina difficilis Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.?), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 29. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Listed by Cowie (1998: 71) as incertae sedis and nomen nudum.<br />
1368. Nanina fiemastyla [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1865[II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina firmostyla Mousson, 1865: 166. Considered incertae sedis by Baker (1941: 335).<br />
1370. Zonitas [sic] vitiensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 23. Nomen nudum.—Zonites vitiensis Mss. [=<br />
Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina vitiensis Mousson 1865.<br />
1371. Patula histricelloides [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1865[II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Patula hystricelloides Mousson 1865.<br />
1374. Helix subtrochiformis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Trochomorpha subtrochiformis Mousson, 1869: 335. Listed as H. eurydice Gould in Catalogs I–III.<br />
1378. Partula canalis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1865 [II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Partula canalis Mousson, 1865.<br />
1379. Partula upolensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 23. Nomen nudum.—Partula conica Gld. [=<br />
Gould] (upolensis Mss. [= Mousson]), Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii, 25.<br />
NOTE: Partula conica Gould, 1847 treated by Mousson, 1865: 171, with no mention of P. upolensis. Garrett<br />
(1887c: 134) placed P. upolensis “Mousson” Schmeltz, [1864] in synonymy of P. conica. The name P.<br />
upolensis was never made available.<br />
1381. Partula lirata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1865[II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Partula lirata Mousson, 1865.<br />
1382. Stenogyra juncea Gld. [= Gould], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23.—Stenogyria [sic] upolensis Mss. [= Mousson],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii. Nomen nudum.—Stenogyra upolenais [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 25.<br />
NOTE: = Stenogyra upolensis Mousson, 1865. See next entry.<br />
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1383. Stenogyra juncea Gld. [= Gould] var., Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 23.—Stenogyra upolenais [sic] var. Mss. [=<br />
Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
Note: In 1866[III]: 29, S. upolensis Mss. [= Mousson] was listed for number 1382. In 1869[IV]: 70 the name<br />
listed for that number was S. juncea Gld. with a wide range of localities. In 1874[V]: 90 it was listed as<br />
Stenogyra juncea Gld. with S. upolensis Mss. [= Mousson] in synonymy and the locality as Südsee-Inseln<br />
[South Sea Islands]. The number 1383 was never used after 1864[I]. Mousson compared his species with<br />
Bulimus (Stenogyra) junceus Gould, 1846. Both S. juncea (Gould) and S. upolensis Mousson were placed in<br />
synonymy of S. tuckeri (Pfeiffer, 1846a) by Garrett (1884).<br />
1384. Physa sublata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23; 1874[V]: 96. Nomen nudum.—Physa sinuata Gld.<br />
[= Gould], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii (in a list of corrections to Catalog I). Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of Physa sublata Mousson has been located. There is no indication of the reason<br />
Schmeltz reversed his synonymy. Physa sinuata Gould, 1847 was treated by Mousson (1865: 171) with no<br />
mention of P. sublata.<br />
1384a. Physa parvula Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 69. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1385. Pupa samoensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 23. Nomen nudum.—Pupa pediculus Shuttl[eworth]<br />
var. samoensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii, 26. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Pupa pediculus Shuttleworth, 1852 var. samoensis Mousson, 1865.<br />
1387. Batissa tenebrosa var., Schmeltz, 1864[I]: 24.– Batissa tenebrosa H[in]ds var. elongata Mss. [= Mousson],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii. Nomen nudum.—Batissa tenebrosa H[in]ds var. parallela Mss. [= Mousson],<br />
Schmeltz, 1865[II]: iii. Nomen nudum.—Batissa tenebrosa Ad. [sic; = Hinds] var. paralella [sic] Mss. [=<br />
Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 27. Nomen nudum.<br />
Note: = Batissa tenebrosa Hinds, 1842 var. parallela Mousson, 1865. There is no mention of elongata by<br />
Mousson but the prior Batissa elongata Prime, 1860 probably came to Mousson’s attention.<br />
1392a. Mamma fuscata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77; 1874[V]: 107, with “N. brunnea Lk.” and “N.<br />
mamillaris Lam.” in synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. A Chemnitz figure was named Natica fuscata Link, 1807. It has not<br />
been determined if it is the Godeffroy species.<br />
1393a. Cookia sulcata Martyn, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 100, with “Trochus cookii Gml.” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. This is Cookia cookii (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
1522. Boltenia pedunculata ? [no author], Schmeltz, 1864 [I]: 26.<br />
NOTE: Listed at the end of the Gastropoda, this, and the succeeding species (numbers 718–733), are not<br />
mollusks but are members of the Tunicata. Also listed under Mollusca in 1865[II]: 29 and 1866[III]: 43, after<br />
which they are placed in a separate section.<br />
1529a. Diloma nigerrimum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101; Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 147, 159; with “Tr.<br />
araucanus d’Orb.” in synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Monodonta nigerrima Gmelin, 1791.<br />
1536. Venus seelandica Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 29; 1866[III]: 41. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. No record has been found that would permit identification of this<br />
species.<br />
1572. Ricinula (Morula) rudis Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 23. Nomen nudum.—Morula rudis Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 33. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1574a. Onchidium tumidum Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Onchidium tumidum Semper, 1880.<br />
1604. Turbinella prismatica Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34; 1869[IV]: 88. –Peristernia prismatica<br />
Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 155. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. The earliest name for this species is Latirus irus [Lightfoot, 1786] fide<br />
Rehder (1967: 7).<br />
1606. Ricinula (Sistrum) alba Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 85, with synonyms “R. morus Lam., Drupa uva<br />
Bolt.” Nomen nudum.—Pentadactylus albus Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 121, 153. Nomen nudum. Earlier<br />
listed as Ricinula morus Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 23; 1866[III]: 33 (as Morula in 1866).<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Morula uva (Röding,<br />
1798).<br />
1641. Navicella haustrum Reeve var. fissa Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 97. Nomen nudum. Listed as N.<br />
affinis Reeve in Catalog III.<br />
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NOTE: = Navicella haustrum Reeve, 1856 var. fissa Mousson, 1869.<br />
1736. Partula faba Martyn, Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 29; 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Partula faba (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
1747. Achatinella colorata Reeve var. senistra [no author; error for sinistra?], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 25; 1866[III]:<br />
29. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No record has been located of this variety being described. Probably used to indicate sinistral specimens<br />
of A. colorata Reeve, 1850.<br />
1758. Achatinella splendida Newc[omb] var. dextra [no author], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 25; 1866[III]: 29.<br />
NOTE: No record has been located of this variety being described. Almost certainly used simply to indicate<br />
dextral specimens of A. splendida Newcomb, 1853 which occurs as both dextral and sinistral morphs.<br />
1763. Cyclophorus upolensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Cyclophorus upolensis Mousson, 1865.<br />
1764. Omphalotropis bifilaris Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Omphalotropis bifilaris Mousson, 1865.<br />
1764a. Omphalotropis angulata Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. Listed by Cowie (1998: 81) as incertae<br />
sedis and attributed to Schmeltz, 1866.<br />
1765. Helicina plicatilis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 23. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Helicina plicatilis Mousson, 1865.<br />
1766. Neritina humerosa Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 24. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Neritina humerosa Mousson, 1865: 188. Placed in synonymy of Corona ruginosa (Récluz, 1841) by<br />
Mousson, 1869.<br />
1766a. Neritina humerosa Mss. [= Mousson] var. inermis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Clithon ruginosus Recl. var. inermis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99 ; 1874[V]: 143.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of the variety inermis by Mousson has been located.<br />
1767. Nanina schmeltzana [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 25. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina schmeltziana Mousson, 1865.<br />
1770a. Melampus semisulcatus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melampus semisulcatus Mousson, 1869.<br />
1771. Pupa problematica Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 26. Nomen nudum.—Moussonia typica O.<br />
Semper (previously Pupa problematica Mss. [= Mousson], according to footnote), 1866[III]: 30.<br />
NOTE: = Pupa problematica Mousson, 1865: 176. Moussonia typica Semper, 1865 was introduced as a<br />
synonym of P. problematica Mousson, 1865. Although introduced in synonymy it was later made available by<br />
Garrett (1887: 146). The senior synonym is P. problematica Mousson, 1865, the type species of Moussonia<br />
Semper, 1865.<br />
1776. Rissoina semiplicata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18; 1866[III]: 30; 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Possibly an error for Rissoina semiplicata<br />
Pease (1863a: 242) described from Howland Island?<br />
1777. Defrancia rosea Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 19; 1866[III]: 32. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1778a. Triforis granulifera Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1779. Rissoina striolata Risso, Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30; 1869[IV]: 75.—Rissoina pusilla Brocchi, Schmeltz,<br />
1874[V]: 104, with R. striolata Risso in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: This synonymy was repeated by Weinkauff (1880: 26) who also included in the synonymy Rissoina<br />
cincta Dunker (see 3304a of this list). Weinkauff, in error, attributed the Catalog IV listing of R. striolata to<br />
Dunker.<br />
1780. Rissoina mirabilis Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18; 1866[III]: 30; 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Isselia mirabilis Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 110. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Rissoina (Isseliella) mirabilis Weinkauff, 1881. For the genus Isselia, see Taxa Notes 3.<br />
1781. Bittium dunkeri Nobis, Schmeltz 1874[V]: 112, with synonym “B. gibberulum C.B. Ad. Mus. God. Cat. IV<br />
[p.80].” Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This is a new name for a listing only and is a nomen nudum. On page 113 [number 6816] there is<br />
Bittium dunkeri Nob. var. lineata with no references.<br />
1782. [sic; = number 1784, q.v.] Bittium lineatum Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 19. Nomen nudum.<br />
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1782. Rissoina cerithiformis Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 18. Nomen nudum.—Rissoina cerithiiformis<br />
Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30; Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. The spellings cerithiformis and<br />
cerithiiformis are as published. In Catalog 1874[V]: 103 R. cerithiiformis appears under R. erythraea Philippi<br />
[1851]. See Taxa Notes 3 for identification of Rissoina in this Catalog. Schmeltz’s placement was repeated by<br />
Weinkauff (1880: 39). Ponder (1985: 84) listed Rissoa cerithiiformis Dunker, 1887 as a nomen nudum but<br />
without a reference. This is certainly an error for Rissoina cerithiiformis Tryon, 1887. Tryon made the name<br />
available (1887: 384) but attributed it to Dunker.<br />
1783. Bittium multigranosum Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 19; 1869[IV]: 80. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. A specimen in the Academy of Natural Sciences (ANSP<br />
17959) is labeled B. multigranosum Desh[ayes] from Upolu but no introduction of the name by Deshayes has<br />
been found. This name appears on a number of data bases based on its use in lists and in the ANSP.<br />
1784. Bittium lineatum Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]:19 [as number 1782]; 1866[III]:32; 1869[IV]:80 ;<br />
1874[V]: 112. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. = Cerithium lineatum Tryon, 1887: 143, pl.<br />
27, figs. 27, 28 (ex Dunker). Tryon did not give a page or plate reference to Dunker but he figured two<br />
specimens and made the name available. There are four specimens in ANSP 17730, which have been<br />
examined by Gary Rosenberg who advises that they were considered “problematic lots” and that the label is<br />
simply “C. lineatum Dunker. Viti Islands.” There is another lot, ANSP 17729, labeled “B. lineatum, Dkr.<br />
Godeffroy Exp. Samoan Isles”. Rosenberg does not consider these to be type material as Tryon did not<br />
mention a locality.<br />
Cerithium lineatum Tryon is preoccupied by Lamarck, 1822 and was renamed Cerithium sergentum<br />
Jousseaume, 1931: 284. Treated in detail by Ladd (1972: 30–31) as Bittium sergentum (Jousseaume).<br />
1790. Melampus angustus Mss. [= Mousson] (nov. sp.?), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of M. adamsianus Pfeiffer, 1854<br />
[sic; =1855] by Garrett (1887d: 288).<br />
1791. Defrancia corrugata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 19; 1866[III]: 32; 1869[IV]: 90. In subgenus<br />
Clathurella in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Clathurella corrugata Dunker, 1871.<br />
1792. Columbella philippiana Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34; 1869[IV]: 88 ; 1874[V]:<br />
126. In subgenus Mitrella in 1869 and 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. ANSP 16840 is labeled Columbella philippiana<br />
Dunker. This nude name appears in a number of data bases.<br />
1793. Murex (Ocenebra) nanus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 22. Nomen nudum.—Ocenebra nanus Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 34. Nomen nudum.—Murex (Ocinebra) nanus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz,<br />
1869[IV]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Not Murex nanus Anton, 1838.<br />
1796. Aricia scurra Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 93, with “Cyp. amarata Meusch., C. indica Gm” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Cypraea scurra Gmelin, 1791.<br />
1802. Purpura scabra Dkr[= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 33. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. There are two uses of Purpura scabra in the literature,<br />
neither of which fits comfortably with the surrounding species on page 33 in Catalog IV: Purpura scabra Link,<br />
1807 [listed with a query as a juvenile Murex trunculus Linnaeus, 1758 by Tomlin & Winckworth (1936: 43)]<br />
and Purpura scabra Schumacher, 1817 [placed in synonymy of Vitularia miliaris (Gmelin, 1791) by Vokes<br />
(1971: 95)].<br />
1804. Turricula (Pusia) spadicea Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 84; 1874[V]: 119. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Schmeltz’s listing placed in synonymy of<br />
Mitra peregra Reeve, 1844 by Garrett (1880: 23). The name Mitra spadicea G. B. Sowerby II, 1874 was made<br />
available when Sowerby figured the species and attributed the name to Dunker without a reference. It may or<br />
may not be the same as M. peregra Reeve. This species appeared earlier in Schmeltz (1866[III]: 33) as Mitra<br />
coriacea Reeve [1845], a misidentification fide Garrett (1880: 23).<br />
1807. Columbella parvula Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34; 1869[IV]: 88; 1874[V]: 126. In<br />
subgenus Nitidella in 1869 and 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: As this species is from the Samoa–Fiji area, it cannot be the Atlantic Buccinum parvulum Dunker, 1847:<br />
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64, placed in Columbella by Tomlin & Shackleford (1914: 246). The identification of the Godeffroy species<br />
has not been determined.<br />
1810. Morula nodosa Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 33. Nomen nudum.—Ricinula (Sistrum) nodosa Dkr.<br />
[= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 85. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Tryon (1880 : 245) listed “Sistrum nodosum Dunker”,<br />
with no date or reference, as a synonym of Morula anaxeres (Kiener, 1835).<br />
1811a. Columbella (Anachis) semen Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: See number 9214.<br />
1813. Drillia lineata Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 90. Nomen nudum.—Drillia lauta Pse. [= Pease,<br />
1868b], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 131, with “D. lineata Dkr. [= Dunker] M. G. Cat. IV” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of Drillia lineata by Dunker has been located.<br />
1814. Fusus cinctus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 22; 1866[III]: 34. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Not Fusus cinctus Bellardi & Michelotti, 1840.<br />
1818. Nassa apolphi Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 22. Nomen nudum.—Nassa (Zeuxis) adolphi Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. In his monograph of Nassariidae Cernohorsky (1984)<br />
has no mention of apolphi or adolphi.<br />
1822. Purpura scabra Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865 [II]: 23; 1869[IV]: 85; 1874[V]: 123. In subgenus<br />
Stramonita in 1869 and 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Purpura scabra Mörch, 1852 is a Chicoreus<br />
and is not the Godeffroy species. Not Buccinum scabrum Dunker, 1846.<br />
1829. Acteon punctatus Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 39. Nomen nudum.—Buccinulus punctatus Martyn,<br />
Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 147. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. In Catalog [IV]: 104, number 6761 is for: Actaeon (Buccinulus)<br />
solidulus L[innaeus] with “A. punctatus Martyn Cat. III des Mus. Godeffroy” in synonymy.<br />
1831. Collonia costulata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 24; 1866[III]: 38; 1869[IV]: 100. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Collonia granulosa Pse. [Pease, 1868d], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 145, with “C. costulata Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker] i.l.” in synonymy and reference back to Catalog IV.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located.<br />
1832. Clanculus obscurus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 24; 1866[III]: 38. Nomen nudum.—Clanculus<br />
atropurpureus Gld. [= Gould], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101, 139 with “Cl. obscurus Dkr. Cat. III” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Gould’s species was introduced as Trochus<br />
(Monodonta) atropurpureus Gould, 1849.<br />
1832b. Gibbula concinna Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102. Nomen nudum.—Clanculus concinna<br />
Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 147. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Name made available as Gibbula concinna<br />
Pilsbry, 1889.<br />
1833a. Clanculus godeffroyi Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1834. Clanculus blandus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 24. Nomen nudum.—Clanculus stigmatarius A. Ad.<br />
[= A. Adams, 1853], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101, with “Cl. blandus Dkr. Cat. III[sic; = II]” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located.<br />
1835. Liotia hermanni Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 24; 1866[III]: 38; 1869[IV]: 102. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. = Liotina hermanni Pilsbry, 1934.<br />
1836a. Melampus fasciatus Desh[ayes] var. brevior [no author], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Melampus fasciatus Desh[ayes] var. minor [no author], Schmeltz,1869[IV]: 68; 1874[V]: 88. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: The name brevior was attributed to Mousson by Schmeltz teste Cowie (1998: 42) but we find no<br />
evidence of such. No descriptions of brevior or minor by Mousson or other authors have been located.<br />
1836b. Melampus fasciatus Desh[ayes] var. gracilior [no author], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 68; 1874[V]:<br />
88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Attributed to Mousson by Schmeltz fide Cowie (1998: 42) but we find no evidence of such. No<br />
description of this variety by Mousson or anyone else has been located.<br />
1843. Onchidella australis Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum. As Onchidella sp. in 1866[III]: 28<br />
and 1869[IV]: 69.<br />
NOTE: = Onchidella australis Semper, 1882.<br />
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1854a. Cerithium minusculum Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 79. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
1862. Haliotis iris Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 24;1866[III]: 38; 1869[IV]: 102; 1874[V]: 148. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. Name made available as Haliotis iris Gmelin, 1791.<br />
1865. Strombus aratrum Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 142. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. This is Strombus vomer (Röding, 1798) fide Abbott (1960: 130).<br />
1871. Oliva porphyretica Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 82, with O. miniata [sic] Bolt. and O. erythrostoma Lam.<br />
as synonyms. Nomen nudum.—Dactylus porphyreticus Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 116, with Oliva<br />
erythrostoma Lam. in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Oliva miniacea Roding,<br />
1798. This number appeared in Catalogs II and III as Oliva erythrostoma Lam. var.<br />
1873. Terebellum subulatum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 97 1874[V]: 141. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Terebellum terebellum<br />
(Linnaeus, 1758). The name T. subulatum was incorrectly attributed to Chemnitz as it is a Lamarck name.<br />
1887. Mytilus magellanicus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 28; 1866[III]: 42 ; 1869[IV]: 115; 1874[V]: 175, 180.<br />
Nomen nudum. In subgenus Aulacomya in 1869 and 1874.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This species is Aulacomya atra (Molina, 1782).<br />
1892. Arca reinholdii Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1865[II]: 27; 1866[III]: 42. Nomen nudum.—Arca reinholdi Dkr.<br />
[= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 114. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3188. Melania subfasciata Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31; 1869[IV]: 79. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located, but ANSP has a specimen so labeled<br />
(ANSP 26257, Melania subfasciata Mss. [= Mousson]).<br />
3192. Melania gratiosa Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31. Nomen nudum.—Melania laxa Mss. [=<br />
Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78, with “M. gratiosa Mss. [= Mousson] Cat. III “ in synonymy. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of gratiosa by Mousson has been located. = Melania laxa Mousson, 1869. Not M.<br />
gratiosa Lea, 1861.<br />
3193. Melania peregrina Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31; 1869[IV]: 79. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania peregrina Mousson, 1869.<br />
3195a. Melania interposita Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.?), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31; 1869[IV]: 78. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania lutosa Gould var. interposita Mousson, 1869: 363.<br />
3197. Melania plicatilis Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31; 1869[IV]: 78. As “n. sp.” only in 1866.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania plicatilis Mousson, 1870b.<br />
3197a. Melania aperta Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 79. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3198a. Melania ovalauensis Mss. [= Mousson] “(an myriflca [sic] Ad.?)”, Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Melania ovalaua [sic; = ovalana] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania ovalana Mousson, 1870b.<br />
3199a. Melania albizonata Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31. Nomen nudum.—Melania<br />
subexusta Mss. [= Mousson] var. albizonata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania subexusta var. albizonata Mousson, 1870b.<br />
3200. Melania gräffei Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.?), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 31. Nomen nudum.—Melania lutosa Gld.<br />
var. gräffei Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78.<br />
NOTE: = Melania lutosa Gould var. graeffei Mousson, 1869: 362.<br />
3205. Helicina altior Mss. [= Mousson] (nov. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Mousson fide Cowie (1998: 22).<br />
3206. Neritina luteostoma Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3206a. Neritina orbiculata Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3207. Navicella truncata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37, with comment “(an crepidularia R. ?).”<br />
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Nomen nudum.—Navicella magnifica Reeve var. truncata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 97. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE:= Navicella magnifica Reeve, 1856 var. truncata Mousson, 1869.<br />
3207a. Navicella squama Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37; 1869[IV]: 98. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. This name placed in synonymy of Neritina<br />
bougainvillei Récluz, 1850 by Tryon (1888 : 80).<br />
3208. Neritina propinqua Mss. [= Mousson] (sp. n.?), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37; 1869[IV]: 98. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Clithon propinquus Mousson, 1869.<br />
3209. Neritina granulosa Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. Nomen nudum.—Neritella (Vitta)<br />
granulum Mss. [= Mousson], 1874[V]: 144. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of either granulosa or granulum by Mousson has been located.<br />
3210. Neritina gräffei Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 37. Nomen nudum.—Neritina porcata Gld.<br />
[= Gould], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98, with “N. gräffei Mss.” as a synonym. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Neritina graeffei Mousson, 1869 was introduced in synonymy and is invalid under I.C.Z.N. (1999)<br />
Article 11.6.<br />
3210a. Clithon pritchardii Dohrn var. vitiensis [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99 ; 1874[V]: 143.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Neritina pritchardi Dohrn var. vitiana Mousson, 1870b: 219. Schmeltz misspelled this varietal name<br />
both times it was listed.<br />
3213. Patula graeffei Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 29. Nomen nudum.—Patula gräffei Mss. [=<br />
Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Patula (Endodonta) graeffei Mousson, 1869.<br />
3214. Patula inermis Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 29; 1869[IV]: 72. As “n. sp.” only in 1866.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Patula inermis Mousson, 1870a.<br />
3215. Stenothyra gracilis Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30; 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3218. Helix incei Pfr. [= Pfeiffer] v. depressior [no author], Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30; 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Helix depressior Schmeltz, 1869 was placed in the synonymy of Varohadra incei (Philippi, 1846) by<br />
Iredale (1937: 33). Helix incei was used as a valid name by both Pfeiffer and Philippi in February 1846. We<br />
have not located any reference clarifying authorship of this name.<br />
3223. Cassidula crassiuscula Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 69. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Cassidula crassiuscula Mousson, 1869.<br />
3223a. Cassidula intuscarinata Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp. ), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 69. As “n. sp.” only<br />
in 1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Auricula (Cassidula) intuscarinata Mousson, 1870a.<br />
3224. Melampus arenaceus [sic] Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28. Nomen nudum.—Melampus<br />
avenaceus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melampus avenaceus Moussson, 1870a.<br />
3225. Ophicardelus sulcatus H. [&] A. Ad[ams] var. elegans Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located.<br />
3225a. Melampus umbilicatus Mss. [= Mousson] (nov. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 68. As “n. sp.” only<br />
in 1866. Nomen nudum.—Ophicardelus stutchburyi Pfr. [= Pfeiffer], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 135, with M.<br />
umbilicatus Mss. [= Mousson] in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of M. umbilicatus by Mousson has been located. The name appears only in synonymy of<br />
Ophicardelus stutchburyi (Pfeiffer, 1857).<br />
3226. Amphipeplea involuta Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 69. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3227. Planorbis singularis Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 28; 1869[IV]: 69. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Planorbis singularis Clessin, 1886. Clessin attributed to Mousson but referenced only Schmeltz’s<br />
1869 listing.<br />
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3229. Tornatellina conica Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 70. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Tornatellina conica Mousson, 1869.<br />
3231. Moussonia tortuosa Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3232. Diplommatina macrostoma Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75, with synonym “D. australiae<br />
Bens. Cat. III.” Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Diplommatina var. macrostoma Mousson, 1870b: 186. Listed as “var.” of D. martensi by Schmeltz<br />
(1874[V]: 101) and placed in synonymy of D. martensi H. Adams, 1866 [sic; =1867] by Garrett (1887d: 303).<br />
3233. Diplommatina godeffroyana Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.), Schmeltz, 1866[III]: 30; 1869[IV]: 75. As “n. sp.”<br />
only in 1866. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Diplommatina (Diancta) godeffroyana Mousson, 1870b: 182.<br />
3234. Cypraea achatina Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1866[III] : 36. Nomen nudum.—Cypraea achatina Sol[ander],<br />
Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 93, with “Cyp. ventriculus Lam.” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.—Aricia achatina<br />
Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 137, 157. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Cypraea achatina was never described by Lamarck or Solander. This is Cypraea ventriculus Lamarck, 1810.<br />
3236. Rissoina samoensis Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75, 1874[V]: 103. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Rissoina samoensis Weinkauff, 1881: 77, pl. 15c, fig. 1. Weinkauff attributed to Dunker and cited<br />
both Schmeltz listings.<br />
3240. Bittium nanum Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 80. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3244. Cerithium nigerrimum Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 79. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3247. Avicula cypsellus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 115. Nomen nudum.—Avicula radiata Pse. [= Pease,<br />
1863], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 176, with “A. cypsellus Dkr. [= Dunker] … Cat. IV” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: There is evidently an error in naming here as Dunker introduced A. peasei Dunker, 1872 for the<br />
preoccupied A. radiata Pease, 1863b. On the very next page Dunker introduced Avicula cypsellus Dunker,<br />
1872 stated to be from the Indian Ocean. Pease’s species is from the correct area. The Samoan species is<br />
currently cited as Pteria peasei (Dunker, 1872).<br />
3253. Dolium fasciatum Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 96 ; 1874[V]: 140. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. His name was made available as Buccinum fasciatum Lamarck, 1822<br />
now (e.g., Cernohorsky 1972) placed in synonymy of Tonna sulcosa (Born, 1778).<br />
3267a. Marginella guttula Reeve var. alba [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81. Nomen nudum.—Volvaria pallida<br />
Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 115, with “Marginella guttula Reeve v. alba sec. Dkr. [= Dunker]” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No descriptions of the variety alba or the species V. pallida have been located. According to Tomlin<br />
(1917: 287) this latter usage is probably an error for V. pallidula Dunker, 1871.<br />
3268. Marginella lacryma Reeve var. zonalis [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This varietal name never validly introduced. It was, for unknown reason, attributed to Dunker by<br />
Tomlin (1917: 274) who treated it as a nomen nudum.<br />
3275. Mitra (Nebularia) ferruginea Lam[arck] var. minor [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 83; 1874[V]: 117.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: The varietal name minor has been introduced for several species, but none were directed to this usage.<br />
3301. Nassa (Niotha) samoensis Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 86. Nomen nudum.—Nassa (Hima)<br />
paupera Gld. [= Gould], [1850], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 125, with “N. balteata Pse. and N. samoensis Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker]” in synonymy, with reference back to Catalog IV.<br />
NOTE: No description of N. samoensis has been located.<br />
3304a. Rissoina cincta Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of R. cincta has been located. This reference placed in synonymy of R. pusilla Brocchi<br />
by Weinkauff (1880: 26). See number 1779 of this list.<br />
3307. Amycla (Astyris) elegantula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp. Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 87. Nomen nudum.—Amycla<br />
(Astyris) valga Gld. [= Gould, 1850], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 127, with “A. elegantula Dkr. [= Dunker]” in<br />
synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of A. elegantula Dunker has been located.<br />
3315. Nerita (Pila) schmeltziana Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99. Nomen nudum. NOTE: No<br />
description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of Nerita maculata Pease, 1868c by Schmeltz<br />
(1874[V]: 144).<br />
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3320a. Trochus spinosus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101; 1874[V]: 146, with synonyms “T. marmoratus<br />
Lam.?, T. pyramidalis Ch., T. flammeus Bolt.” in 1869[IV]. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Chemnitz’s figure was named Turbo spinosus Gmelin, 1791 but in<br />
view of Schmeltz’s synonymy the identity of the material is questionable.<br />
3323. Modulus tectum Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 136. Nomen nudum.—Modulus tectum Gml. [= Gmelin]<br />
var. candidus Pet[it], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 105, 150.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Name made available as Modulus tectus (Gmelin, 1791). In 1874<br />
([V]: 105, 150) the varietal name “var. candidus Pet.” replaced the nominotypical species. It had been<br />
described as Modulus candidus Petit, 1853.<br />
3324. Oxystele exigua Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102; 1874[V]: 147. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3330. Oxystele merula Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102, with “T. sinensis Gm.” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Oxystele merula (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
3334. Siphonaria godeffroyi Crosse n. sp. msc. var., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Paetel (1883: 178; 1889: 428) listed godeffroyi as a<br />
valid species of Siphonaria but his lists are full of nude names. Hubendick (1946: 68) regarded godeffroyi as a<br />
nomen nudum<br />
3335a. Elenchus concinnus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3336. Ostrea plicata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 178. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Plicatula plicata (Linnaeus, 1767).<br />
3342. Hippopus equinus Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 113; 1874[V]: 172. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available. Schmeltz listed three synonyms, one of which, Hippopus hippopus<br />
(Linnaeus, 1758), is the earliest available name for the species.<br />
3346a. Callista kingii Desh[ayes], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 110.<br />
NOTE: See Number 7234.<br />
3356a. Stomatella papyracea Ch[emnitz], 1869[IV]: 02 ; 1874[V]: 148; 1877[VI]: 107; with “Turbo papyraceus<br />
Gm.” in synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Pseudostomatella papyracea (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
3361. Cythara harpula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3362. Rissoina exigua Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]:75; 1874[V]: 103. As “n. sp.” only in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Rissoa exigua Weinkauff, 1881: 78, pl. 15c, fig. 3. Weinkauff attributed to Dunker and cited both<br />
Schmeltz listings.<br />
3365. Triforis conspersa Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 80 ; 1874[V]: 113. As “n. sp.” only in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3366. Rissoina schwarziana Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.—Rissoina obeliscus<br />
Recluz, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 103, with “R. schwarziana Dkr. [= Dunker]” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of schwarziana has been located. Weinkauff (1880: 20) used the same synonymy as<br />
Schmeltz (1874) but showed that the name attributed to Récluz was made available by Mohrenstern (1860).<br />
3371. Pisania buccinulus Martini, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 129, 155; with “Bucc. pictum Rve.” and “Bucc.<br />
flammulatum Q. & G.” in synonymy on page 129. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. = Pisania ignea (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
3409. Fissurella personata Martyn, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 103; 1874[V]: 159; with “F. picta Gmel. and F. radiata<br />
Less.” in synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. His figure was recognized by Pilsbry (1891b: 82) as being Fissurella<br />
picta (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
3415. Trigonella laevis Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 108. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Mactra (Trigonella) laevis Dunker, 1871.<br />
3433. Torcula tenuilirata Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77. Nomen nudum.—Murchisonia sutoris<br />
Dkr. [= Dunker] i.l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 148, with “Torcula tenuilirata Dkr. [= Dunker]” in synonymy with<br />
reference back to Vol. IV. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of either name has been located. In the Corrigenda at [V]: 212 a notation attributed to O.<br />
Semper advises that Murchisonia sutoris Dkr. is a turritellid belonging to the genus Zaria. However no species<br />
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with that name has been located.<br />
3600. Helicina musiva Gld. [= Gould] var. subcarinata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Helicina musiva var. subcarinata Mousson, 1870b.<br />
3603. Helicina musiva Gld. [= Gould] var. rotundata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Helicina musiva Gould var. rotundata Mousson, 1873.<br />
3604. Imperator (Stella) stellata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Astraea stellaris (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
3607. Haliotis exigua Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102; 1874[V]: 148. As “n. sp.” only in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Pilsbry (1890: 90) treated Haliotis exigua Dunker, 1877 and stated “Not H. exigua Dkr. [= Dunker] in<br />
Mus. Godeffroy Cat. v., p. 148.” The Schmeltz specimens cannot therefore be identified.<br />
3609a. Zizyphinus [sic] venustus Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 101. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Ziziphinus venustus Dunker, 1871.<br />
3610. Volvaria nitidula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81; 1874[V]: 115. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3615. Nerita obscura Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99 ; 1874[V]: 144. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Schmeltz’s reference placed in synonymy of Nerita<br />
retropicta (Martens, 1878).<br />
3619. Siphonaria laciniata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Hubendick (1946: 68) listed as a nomen nudum.<br />
3623a. Columbella (Mitrella) pellucida Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: See Number 9209.<br />
3624. Amycla minuta Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 87.—Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This is a duplicate Number. See Number 9207.<br />
3624. Columbella (Mitrella) filamentosa Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen nudum.—Amycla<br />
marquesa Gask[oin, 1852], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 127, with “Col. filamentosa Dkr. [= Dunker], Mus. Godeffroy<br />
Cat. IV” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Name made available as Columbella filamentosa Tryon,<br />
1883. Tryon treated marquesana [sic] as a different species. Not number 3624 of page 87; see previous listing.<br />
3625c. Cantharus (Tritonidea) badius Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3628. Mitra (Scabricola) sphaerulata Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 117,153, with “M. scabriuscula Lam.” in<br />
synonymy on page 117. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Neocancilla papilio (Link, 1807).<br />
3630. Cylindra nucea Gronov[ius], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 84; 1874[V]: 120, both with “M. olivaria Lam.” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.—Cylindra nucea Meuch[en], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 105. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: The names of Gronovius and Meuchen are not available. = Pterygia nucea (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
3640. Drillia pygmaea Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp. , Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this combination has been located. It is unlikely that it is the Japanese Mangelia<br />
pygmaea Dunker, 1860 as it would not have been listed as “n. sp.”<br />
3640b. Eulima dentiens Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77. Nomen nudum.—Rissoina tridentata<br />
Michaud, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 104.<br />
NOTE: = Eulima dentiens Dunker, 1871: 152 but Michaud’s name dates from 1830. See Taxa Notes 3 for<br />
comment on identity of Rissoina species. Pilsbry (1904: 28) treated Rissoina (Zebina) tridentata (Michaud)<br />
with E. dentiens Dunker in synonymy.<br />
3883. Vexilla vexillum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 86; 1874[V]: 123, with “Purp. vexillum Lam.” in<br />
synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Vexilla vexillum (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
3885. Gena angusta Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3886. Truncatella funiculus Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Truncatella funiculus Mousson, 1870b: 197.<br />
3898. Defrancia rubida Hinds var. minor [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: The name minor was never introduced in Turridae by Dunker. In Catalog V: 132, number 3898 is<br />
simply Defrancia rubida Hds. [= Hinds, 1843] although it had been number 6940 in Catalog IV: 90.<br />
3902. Columbella (Anachis) pusiola Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen mnudum.<br />
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NOTE: = Columbella (Anachis) pusiola Dunker, 1871.<br />
3902a. Columbella (Anachis) nana Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Columbella (Anachis) nana Dunker, 1871: 157. Assigned number 9211 in Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 127,<br />
and listed there without the “n. sp.” tag.<br />
3906. Triforis margaritacea Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 80; 1874[V]: 113 ; 1877[VI]: 105. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3906a. Triforis nodulosa Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 80. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3909a. Nassa (Hima) pusiola Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 125. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
3995. Cypraea aurora Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 94, with “C. aurantium Martyn” in synonymy. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Luponia aurora Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 137. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Not made available by Solander. Martyn’s name is not available. = Cypraea aurantium Gmelin, 1791.<br />
4015. Cypraea irrorata Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 93 ; 1874[V]: 137. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Name not made available by Solander. = Cypraea irrorata Gray, 1828.<br />
4019. Padollus pulcherrimus Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 132. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Haliotis pulcherrima Gmelin, 1791.<br />
4039. Conus sponsalis Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 92; 1874[V]: 135, 156. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Conus sponsalis Hwass in Brugière, 1792.<br />
4040. Defrancia reticulata Brown, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 90. Nomen nudum.—Clathurella pumila Migh[els],<br />
Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 137, with Clathurella reticulata Garrett in synonymy.—Defrancia (Clathurella)<br />
reticulata Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 132.<br />
NOTE: Attribution to Brown was an error, corrected in Errata on 1869[IV]: 139. The earliest name is<br />
Pleurotoma pumila Mighels, 1845 which predates Pleurotoma reticulata Garrett, 1857. The latest generic<br />
placement of the species is in Kermia (e.g., Kay 1979).<br />
Defrancia pumila Mig[hels] *), Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 132 was listed immediately after number 4040 as<br />
number 9043. The reason is that Schmeltz changed his mind and resurrected the name from his prior (1869)<br />
synonymy. In a footnote on page 132 he stated [translated]: “An investigation of specimens sent by Mr. Garrett<br />
from authentic localities of Defrancia reticulata Garr. & D. pumila Migh. showed us that both are good<br />
species; this is not the place to delve into the differences and we reserve this for a later oppportunity.”<br />
4043. Tellina (Angulus) rubella Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 108; 1874[V]: 167. In subgenus Angulus in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Solander’s name is not available. Tellina rubella Deshayes, 1855 was described from the Philippines, ex<br />
Cuming collection, and Solander was not mentioned so it is doubtful if it is that species. The identity of the<br />
Godeffroy material cannot be determined.<br />
4045a. Melampus hordeaceus Mss. [= Mousson] (n. sp.?), Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 69. Nomen nudum.—Melampus<br />
hordeaceus Mss. [= Mousson] i. l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
5203. Partula nucleolus Pease, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72; 1874[V]: 92. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Garrett (1884: 72) listed “Partula nucleola Pease MS.”<br />
in the synonymy of Partula taeniata (Mörch, 1850).<br />
5204. Nanina futunaensis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina futunaensis Mousson, 1871.<br />
5206. Partula imperforata Pse. [= Pease], 1874[V]: 92, 207. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Pease has been located. This name made available by Garrett, 1884: 54.<br />
5212. Patula subordinata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72; 1874[V]: 93. As “n. sp.” only in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
5224. Patula subdaedalea Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Patula subdaedalea Mousson, 1870a.<br />
5225. Partula megastoma Pease, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 92. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of P. callifera Pfeiffer, 1856 [sic;<br />
=1857] by Garrett (1884: 60).<br />
5227. Nanina nodulata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina nodulata Mousson, 1870a.<br />
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5228. Placostylus moussonii Gräffe, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 93, with “B. elobatus Mss. non Gld.” in synonymy.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Bulimus (Placostylus) graeffei Crosse, 1875: 13. There was no “B. elobatus Mss.” as Mousson<br />
attributed the name to Gould but misidentified his species. For discussion of the history of this name and<br />
synonyms, see Pilsbry (1900: 104).<br />
5233. Helix lüdersii Pfr. [= Pfeiffer] v. corallina Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Trochomorpha lüdersi [sic; = luedersi] corallina Mousson, 1870a. Baker (1841: 304) listed<br />
Schmeltz’s nude name of 1869 (p. 73, from various locations) in the synonymy of Trochomorpha corallina<br />
(Mousson, 1870) and also, with a query, in the synonymy of his new species Trochomorpha (Lauhala)<br />
burrowsi Baker, 1841 (p. 306), based on material from the island of Futuna. This is a good example of the fact<br />
that a single Museum Godeffroy number may, in fact, harbor multiple species.<br />
5236. Helix accurata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Trochomorpha accurata Mousson, 1870a.<br />
5239. Helix transarata Mss. [= Mousson] var. depressostriata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Helix fessonia Angas [1870], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 94, with H. transarata Mss. [= Mousson] var.<br />
depressostriata [no author] in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: Mousson made his name available as Helix transarata var. depressostriata Mousson, 1870a: 121. If the<br />
synonymy is correct, Angas’s name has priority.<br />
5242. Nanina fragillima Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina fragillima Mousson, 1870a.<br />
5243. Zonites plicostriatus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 70. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Zonites plicostriatus Mousson, 1870a.<br />
5244. Tornatellina conica Mss. [= Mousson] var. impressa Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 70. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Tornatellina conica var. impressa Mousson, 1870a.<br />
5245. Nanina excrescens Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina excrescens Mousson, 1870a: 115, pl. 7, fig. 5.<br />
5246. Patula adposita Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Patula adposita Mousson, 1870a.<br />
5253. Patula conicava Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72. Nomen nudum.—Patula fabrefacta<br />
Pease, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 135, with “P. conicava Mss i. l.” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. = Endodonta fabrefacta (Pease, 1864 [sic;<br />
=1865a]) fide Garrett (1884 : 38).<br />
5257. Patula societatis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen nudum.—Patula consimilis<br />
Pease, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 135, with “P. societatis Mss i. l.” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. Patula societatus [sic] “Mousson” as listed<br />
by Schmeltz placed in synonymy of P. consimilis (Pease, 1868b) by Garrett (1884: 29).<br />
5260. Hydrocena affinis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.—Assiminea affinis Mss.<br />
[= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 103. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Hedley (1906: 527–528) referred to A. affinis Mousson<br />
as a manuscript name which he placed in the synonymy of A. tasmanica Tenison Woods, 1876.<br />
5271. Zonites samöensis Mss. [= Mousson] var. tenuis [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 70. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Zonites samoensis var. tenuis Mousson, 1871.<br />
5272. Patula vicaria Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. var. major [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72; 1874[V]: 93. As “n.<br />
sp.” only in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
5276. Nanina ensifera Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina (Gastrodonta) ensifera Mousson, 1869.<br />
5278. Neritina harveyensis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. , Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98. Nomen nudum.—Neritina dispar<br />
Pease [1868c], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 138, with N. harveyensis Mss. [= Mousson] i. l. in synonymy.—Neritella<br />
harveyensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 103. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of Neritina (or Neritella) harveyensis has been located.<br />
5281. Patula vicaria Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Patula vicaria Mousson, 1871.<br />
5282. Helix albofilata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73, 1874[V]: 94, with H. o’conellii [sic; =<br />
oconnellensis] Cox [1871] in synonymy in 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: No description of Mousson’s species has been located and Cox’s name appears to be the oldest<br />
available. See number 8400.<br />
5282a. Helix basalis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen nudum.—Helix curtisiana Pfr. [=<br />
Pfeiffer], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 135, with “H. basalis Mss. i. l.” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: Mousson’s manuscript name made available as Hadra rainbirdi var. basalis Pilsbry, 1890. Pilsbry<br />
treated H. curtisiana Pfeiffer, 1863 [sic ; =1864] as a separate species and made no connection between the<br />
two. Iredale (1937: 31) proposd the name Varohadra findera with Helix basalis Pilsbry, 1890 in synonymy, as<br />
ex Mousson MS, and with the statement “Not H. basalis Schmeltz, Mus. Godeffr. Cat. iv., p. 135. “This is<br />
strange in several ways as Iredale appears to consider Pilsbry’s name invalid by accepting Schmeltz’s usage as<br />
available. The only Schmeltz usage cited, however, is page 135 where it is in synonymy; page 73 is not<br />
mentioned.<br />
5302. Helicina semperi Gräffe n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74 ; 1874[V]: 98. As “n. sp.” only in 1869. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Helicina semperi Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5303. Helicina tectiformis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Helicina tectiformis Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5313. Helicina fulgora Gld. [= Gould] var. minor Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Helicina fulgora Gld. [= Gould] var. expansa Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 98. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of the varietal name minor has been located. Helicina fulgora Gould var. expansa<br />
Mousson, 1870b: 198 had, as the first word it its description, “Minor”.<br />
5314. Nanina schmeltziana Mss. [= Mousson] var. usurpata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina (Trochonanina) schmeltziana var. usurpata Mousson, 1869: 330.<br />
5315. Physa gibberula Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 69. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Physa gibberula Mousson, 1870a: 130.<br />
5316a. Melampus cylindroides Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen nudum.—Melampus cinctus<br />
Pease, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 135, with “M. cylindroides Mss i.l.”in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE:—No description of either M. cylindroides Mousson or M. cinctus Pease has been located. Garrett<br />
(1884: 90) placed both names in synonymy of Melampus fasciatus (Deshayes, 1830).<br />
5317. Melampus pseudocommodus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 69. Nomen nudum. —Melampus<br />
semiplicatus Pease, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 135, with “M.. pseudocommodus Mss. i.l.” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of Melampus pseudocommodus has been located. The correct name is Melampus<br />
semiplicatus Pease, 1860.<br />
5323. Nanina perpolita Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina (Microcystis) perpolita Mousson, 1869: 326.<br />
5325. Tornatellina bacillaris Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 70. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Tornatellina bacillaris Mousson, 1871: 16. Cowie (1998: 49) listed a separate entry for “T. bucollaris<br />
Schmeltz, 1869: 70.” It was not so spelled by Schmeltz.<br />
5327. Omphalotropis subsoluta Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Realia (Omphalotropis) subsoluta Mousson, 1870b: 192.<br />
5328. Truncatella alternans Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of Truncatella arcasiana Crosse by<br />
Schmeltz (1874[V]: 104) and Taheitia arcasiana (Crosse, 1868) by Garrett (1887d: 302).<br />
5329. Truncatella turricula Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Truncatella turricula Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5331. Diplommatina godeffroyana Mss. [= Mousson] var. fracta Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Diplommatina (Diancta) godeffroyana var. fracta Mousson, 1870b: 183.<br />
5332. Diplommatina tuberosa Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Diplommatina tuberosa Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5335. Diplommatina distorta Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum. NOTE: No<br />
description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of D. martensi H. Adams, 1867 by Mousson<br />
(1870b: 186).<br />
5337. Diplommatina pomatiaeformis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Diplommatina (Diancta) pomatiaeformis Mousson, 1870b: 180.<br />
5338. Moussonia fuscula Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. var. vitiana Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: = Diplommatina (Moussonia) fuscula var. vitiana Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5339. Omphalotropis bithyniaeformis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. , Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Cited by Garrett (1887d: 310) in synonymy of O. layardiana<br />
Garrett, 1887d as: “Omphalotropis bythinaeformis ‘MSS.,’ Paetel, … p. 124 (ex Schmeltz …iv. p. 74).”<br />
5341. Omphalotropis longula Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Realia (Omphalotropis) longula Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5342. Omphalotropis costulata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Realia (Omphalotropis) costulata Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5343. Omphalotropis circumlineata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Realia (Omphalotropis) circumlineata Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5350. Omphalotropis tectiformis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Considered by Cowie (1998: 31) to probably be an error<br />
for Realia (Omphalotropis) teretiformis Mousson, 1869.<br />
5351. Truncatella futunaensis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Truncatella futunaensis Mousson, 1871.<br />
5353. Valvata californiensis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
5356. Moussonia fuscula Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Diplommatina (Moussonia) fuscula Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5357. Melania subexusta Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania subexusta Mousson, 1870b. See Taxa Note 1.<br />
5359. Nanina vitrinaeformis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
5361. Melania niuafouana Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
5362. Melania bifasciata Mss. [= Mousson] var. picea Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania bifasciata var. picea Mousson, 1869.<br />
5734. Pythia tortuosa Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 68. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Pythia tortuosa Mousson, 1871.<br />
5845a. Strombus striato-granulatus Mart[ens], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 142, with “S. aurisdianae Kien. non L.” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martens’s description was not published until 1880. This is currently (e.g., Cernohorsky 1972)<br />
considered to be a synonym of Strombus aurisdianae Linnaeus, 1758.<br />
5872. Partula canalis Mss. [= Mousson] var. semilineata [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Partula canalis var. semilineata Mousson, 1869.<br />
5873. Partula abbreviata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Partula abbreviata Mousson, 1869.<br />
5874. Diplommatina godeffroyana Mss. [= Mousson] var. latecostata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Diplommatina (Diancta) godeffroyana var. latecostata Mousson, 1870b: 183. Number 5874 was<br />
retained for this variety in 1874[V]: 102. Not to be confused with the duplicate number 5874 listed below.<br />
5874. Melania bifasciata Mss. [= Mousson] var., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78.<br />
NOTE: This duplicated number used for an unnamed variety of Melania bifasciata. Not to be confused with<br />
number 5874 listed above.<br />
5876. Helicina beryllina Gld. [= Gould] var. flavida Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Helicina beryllina var. flavida Mousson, 1869.<br />
5877. Helicina fulgora Gld. [= Gould] var. delicatula Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74; 1874[V]: 98.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Listed in synonymy of H. fulgora Gould by Garrett<br />
(1887: 150). Preoccupied by Helicina delicatula Shuttleworth, 1852.<br />
5878. Navicella (Catillus) freycineti Recl. [= Récluz] var. vitiensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 97.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Navicella freycineti Récluz var. vitiensis Mousson, 1870b.<br />
5881. Nanina upolensis Mss. [= Mousson] var. oneatensis [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 71. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nanina (Microcystis) upolensis var. oneataensis Mousson, 1870a: 114.<br />
5882. Patula complementaria Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 72. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: = Patula complementaria Mousson, 1871.<br />
5883. Stenogyra novemgyrata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 70. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Stenogyra novemgyrata Mousson, 1870a.<br />
5884. Tornatellina columellaris Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 70. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Tornatellina columellaris Mousson, 1870a.<br />
6091. Padollus pulcherrimus Martyn, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Haliotis pulcherrima Gmelin, 1791.<br />
6109. Spondylus imperialis Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 116; 1874[V]: 178. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Although we have found no direct connection to Chemnitz, this is<br />
thought to be Spondylus imperialis Chenu, 1844.<br />
6124. Plicatula echinata Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 116. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Plicatula echinata Dunker, 1871.<br />
6153. Dolium fasciatum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 96; 1874[V]: 140. Nomen nudum<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Tonna chinensis<br />
(Dillwyn, 1817), one of two names listed as synonyms by Schmeltz in 1869.<br />
6212. Physa globosa Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 69; 1874[V]: 96. As “n. sp.” only in 1869.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. Not Physa globosa Morelet, 1866 from<br />
West Africa.<br />
6305. Cylichna striatula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 104. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6308. Emarginula schmeltziana Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6314. Modiola arborescens Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 115, with “Mod. picta Lam. ” and “Amygdalum<br />
dendriticum Meg.” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.—Perna (Modiola) arborescens Chem[nitz], Schmeltz,<br />
1874[V]: 175. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The name in current use is Amygdalum dendriticum Megerle von<br />
Mühlfeld, 1811. It appears that Mytilus arborescens Fischer, 1807 (p. 249) has priority, but we are not using it<br />
as a valid name as we do not know the ramifications of giving it priority over dendriticum. We leave that<br />
decision to others.<br />
6314a. Crenella (Modiolaria) adolphi Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 114. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Crenella (Modiolaria) adolphi Dunker, 1871<br />
6317. Laevicardium pulchellum Reeve var. alba [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 112. Nomen nudum. Also in<br />
Catalog [IV]: 105 as Number 6640.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located. Probably intended as a descriptive term.<br />
6440. Littorina littorea L. var. maxima costata [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76; 1874[V]: 115.<br />
NOTE: The varietal “maxima costata” is considered to be a descriptive term, not a name.<br />
6461. Meretrix lyrata Sow[erby] var. fusca [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 112. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Probably not Cytherea fusca Koch in Philippi, 1845 which is the only usage of the name in Veneridae,<br />
placed in Meretrix by Deshayes (1853: 38).<br />
6480. Axinaea variegata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 114. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6483. Plicatula simplex Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 178, 180. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located; probably an error for Plicatula simplex<br />
Gould, 1861.<br />
6484. Crassatella planata Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6485. Trigonella radiata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 108. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Mactra (Trigonella) radiata Dunker, 1871.<br />
6577a. Helix bipartita Fér[ussac] var. flava [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 73. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located. Not of Villa, 1836.<br />
6579. Helicina interna Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Helicina interna Mousson, 1869: 358. The 1869 description was minimal. Mousson later (1870: 201)<br />
used the same name with a complete description and figure. It is assumed to be the same.<br />
6580. Melania samoensis Reeve var. ? languida Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania samoensis var. languida Mousson, 1869.<br />
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6581. Melania lutosa Gld. [= Gould] var. sulcata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania lutosa sulcata Mousson, 1869.<br />
6582. Melania lutosa Gld. [= Gould] var. crassiuscula Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania lutosa crassiuscula Mousson, 1869.<br />
6583. Melania bifasciata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania bifasciata Mousson, 1869.<br />
6584. Melania vainafa Gld. [= Gould] var. nigra Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania vainafa Gld. [= Gould] var. nigra Mousson, 1869.<br />
6585. Melania vainafa Gld. [= Gould] var. futunaensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located.<br />
6587. Melania terpsichore Gld. [= Gould], var. mangoensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 79. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania terpsichore var. mangoensis Mousson, 1870b.<br />
6589. Melania feejensis Reeve var. inermis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 79. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety by Mousson has been located. The name is preoccupied by at least two<br />
earlier usages.<br />
6590. Neritina (Vitta) godeffroyana Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98, with footnote that it is<br />
Neritina siquijorensis Recl. [= Récluz] of Catalog III. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Neritina (Theodoxus) godeffroyana Mousson, 1869.<br />
6591. Neritina petiti Recl. [= Récluz] var. samoensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Clypeolum petiti Récluz var. samoensis Mousson, 1869.<br />
6592. Neritina porcata Gld. [= Gould] var. tenuiplicata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98; 1874[V]: 143.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety by Mousson has been located. Considered by Cowie (1998: 14) to be a<br />
possible error for N. tenuicostata Mousson, 1869.<br />
6593. Navicella scarabaeus Reeve var. decapitata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 98. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Navicella scarabaeus Reeve var. decapitata Mousson, 1869.<br />
6594. Melania luctuosa Gld. [= Gould] ?, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78, as number 6595; 1874[V]: 109. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Author of this species is Hinds (1844a), not Gould. This number was duplicated in 1869 in error.<br />
6595. Melania samoensis Reeve var. inserta Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania samoensis var. inserta Mousson, 1869. Do not confuse with duplicate number 6595 above.<br />
6596. Melania subexusta Mss. [= Mousson] var. persulcata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania persulcata Mousson, 1869. See Taxa Note 1.<br />
6597. Melania ovalaua [sic] Mss. [= Mousson] var. kanathiana Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania ovalana var. kanathiana Mousson, 1870b.<br />
6598. Melania acutispira [sic] Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Melania acutespira Mousson, 1869: 370, pl. 15, fig. 4.<br />
6613. Columbella (Mitrella) elegantula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen nudum.—Columbella<br />
(Nitidella) vitiensis Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 126. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species under either name has been located. The arrangement is odd as the two<br />
nomina listed under number 6613 were placed in different subgenera, and Columbella elegantula Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker] was placed in synonymy of C. (Mitrella) concinna Dkr. [= Dunker] in Catalog [V]: 126 as number<br />
9664, q.v.<br />
6620. Trivia (Epona) margarita Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 94; 1874[V]: 138. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This name was not made available by Solander. = Pustularia margarita (Dillwyn, 1817). Dillwyn<br />
referenced Solander’s manuscript.<br />
6622. Phasianella (Eutropia) gräffei Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 100. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Phasianella graeffei Dunker, 1871: 168. The subgenus Eutropia was attributed to Humph[rey]. In<br />
1874[V]: 145 it was used as a full genus. Humphrey’s name is not available. Schmeltz’s usage of Eutropia is a<br />
nomen nudum as the only included species is a nomen nudum and there is no description. This genus name has<br />
never been attributed to Schmeltz or to Dunker, and is preoccupied by Gray 1862 in Mammalia.<br />
6631. Nassa (Niotha) plicatula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 86. Nomen nudum.—Nassa (Telasco)<br />
mucronata A. Ad[ams, 1852], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 124, with “N. plicatula Dkr. [= Dunker] i.l.” in synonymy<br />
and reference back to Catalog IV.<br />
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NOTE: No description of Nassa plicatula by Dunker. has been located.<br />
6632. Engina pygmaea Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. It is not likely that this was intended for Columbella<br />
pygmaea G.B. Sowerby I, 1832 from Central America.<br />
6633. Pyrene obtusa Sow[erby] var. major [no author], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 87. Nomen nudum.—Pyrene obtusa<br />
Sow[erby], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 125.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located. There is no mention of the nude name major in Cataglog<br />
V.<br />
6634. Columbella micans Pease, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 87; 1874[V]: 125. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Pease has been located. Name made available as Columbella micans<br />
Tryon, 1883.<br />
6636. Nerita samoensis Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 99. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Nerita samoensis Dunker, 1871]<br />
6637. Amycla tessellata [sic] Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Amycla (Astyris) tesselata Dunker, 1871.<br />
6638a. Barbatia attenuata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 114. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. It was listed in the synonymy of Barbatia parva (G. B.<br />
Sowerby I, 1833b) by Lynge (1909 :18 [114]) with reference to Catalog IV and also to Catalog V where it was<br />
listed with the number 9477 as Barbatia parva Sow[erby] with “B. attenuata Dkr. i. l. Mus. Godeffroy Cat.<br />
IV” in synonymy.<br />
6640. Littorina littorea L[innaeus] var. maxima costata [no author], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 105. See number 6440.<br />
6648. Tritonium (Lagena) nodosum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 96, with “Fusus wiegmannii Anton” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Cymatium (Linatella) wiegmanni (Anton, 1838).<br />
6663. Meretrix impudica Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 110 ; 1874[V]: 168. In 1869 with synonyms “Mer.<br />
labiosa” Lam. and “V. meretrix L.” Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Schmeltz’s use of names is confusing, as is the subsequent literature.<br />
Considering all factors, the species involved is probably Meretrix casta (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
6667. Marginella sutoris Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81; 1874[V]: 115. In subgenus Prunum in<br />
1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Dunker. Tomlin (1918: 307, pl. 10, fig. 7) illustrated what he believed to be “an<br />
authentic example of the shell distributed by the Godeffroy Museum under this manuscript name … It is<br />
obviously the same species as gibbosa Jouss., and the locality of ‘South America’ must be an error.” As Tomlin<br />
figured a specimen under this name, Marginella sutoris Tomlin, 1918 is an available name.<br />
6669. Marginella subcoerulea Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81; 1874[V]: 115, with “M. coerulescens Lam.” in<br />
synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Listed from the Antilles by Krebs (1864: 45) but not<br />
made available.<br />
6671. Cymbiola brasiliana Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81; 1874[V]: 115, with “V. colocynthis Clemn. [sic]”<br />
in synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Name not made available by Solander. = Adelomelon brasiliana (Lamarck, 1811).<br />
6671a. Cymbiola magnifica Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 115. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Cymbiola magnifica (Gebauer, 1802).<br />
6682. Turricula (Pusia) patriarchalis Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 84; 1874[V]: 119. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Vexillum (Pusia) patriarchalis (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
6689. Phasianella tritonis Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 100. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Phasianella australis (Gmelin, 1791)<br />
6696. Pyrene obtusa Sow[erby] var. curta [no author], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 125. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located.<br />
6765. Leiostraca striatula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6766. Leiostraca vitrea Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6768. Eulima parvula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6812. Triforis quadrilineata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6816. Bittium dunkeri Nob[is] var. lineata [no author], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: See numbers 1781 and 1784.<br />
6817. Triforis lactea Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6818. Triforis janthina Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113 ; 1877[VI]: 105. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6819. Triforis (vel nov. Gen.) torcula Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 80. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6820. Triforis ventrosula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 80;1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6826. Triforis distinguenda Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113 ; 1877[VI]: 104. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6827. Triforis nana Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6831. Triforis punctulata Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6833. Triforis schmeltziana Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6835. Turritella zonata Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6841. Turbonilla (Chemnitzia d’Orb[igny]) crystallina Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 78. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Introduced as Turbonilla (Nisiturris)<br />
crystallina Dall & Bartsch, 1906 with reference to Schmeltz’s listing.<br />
6842. Eulima brevicula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77; 1874[V]: 107; 1877[VI]: 104, with<br />
comment: “parasitizing on Archaster typicus.” As “n. sp.” in 1869 and 1877. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Tryon (1886: 285) listed under Eulima mindoroensis A.<br />
Adams & Reeve, 1850 with comment that “it has been extensively distributed from the Viti Islands under the<br />
name of E. brevicula, Dunker”.<br />
6844. Leiostraca splendida Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. In a footnote on [V]: 107 it is stated that it has been<br />
determined that this is a species of Odostomia and therefore must be called “O. splendida Dkr. [= Dunker]”.<br />
6854. Eulima crassiuscula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6855. Olivella (Olivina) nitens Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 83; 1874[V]: 117. In subspecies<br />
Olivina and as “n. sp.” only in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Name made available as Oliva nitens Marrat,<br />
1871, attributed by Marrat to Dunker. Placed in synonymy of Olivella simplex Pease, 1868c by Tryon (1883:<br />
72).<br />
6859. Rissoina schmeltziana Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 75; 1874[V]: 103. As “n. sp.” only in<br />
1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of Rissoina mohrensterni<br />
Deshayes, 1863 by Tryon (1887: 386).<br />
6877. Capulus (Thyca) costatogranosus Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6879. Ruma simiae Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 77 ; 1874[V]: 107; 1879[VII]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Name made available as Natica simiae Deshayes, 1838.<br />
6880. Vanikoro cancellata Ch[emnitz]?, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 76. Nomen nudum.—Vanikoro petitiana Recl. [=<br />
Récluz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 106.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The name was made available as Vanikoro cancellata (Lamarck,<br />
1822), which is the type species of Vanikoro and a senior synonym of V. petitiana (Récluz, 1844).<br />
6882. Cerithiopsis clathrata A. Ad[ams]***), Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 108.<br />
NOTE: The footnote ***) indicates that Angas had described a species Cerithiopsis clathratus Angas, 1871 and<br />
that Angas’s use was renamed Cerithiopsis angasi O. Semper. As Semper did not publish this, this replacement<br />
name is attributable to Schmeltz, 1874.<br />
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The name Cerithiopsis clathrata A. Adams in H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 is a nomen nudum. Adams<br />
later named a Cerithium clathratum A. Adams, 1855 which was placed in Potamides (Pirenella) by Tryon<br />
(1887: 165–166).<br />
Tryon (pp. 172–173) listed and figured Cerithiopsis angasi Semper [sic; = Schmeltz] with reference only<br />
to Schmeltz, noting that it had been “described by Angas under the preoccupied name of C. clathrata.” There<br />
is nothing in Tryon, or elsewhere, to indicate why Cerithiopsis clathrata Angas, 1871 (p. 16, pl. 1, fig. 12) is<br />
preoccupied by any other usage in Cerithiopsis.<br />
6897. Turricula (Costellaria) dunkeri mihi, Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 84, with synonym “M. rigidae Sw. per affinis.”<br />
Nomen nudum.—Turricula (Costellaria) deshayesii Reeve, Schmeltz, 1869[V]: 119, with synonym: “M.<br />
dunkeri mihi Mus. Godeffroy Cat. IV”;—Turricula deshayesi Reeve, Schmeltz, 1869[V]: 210, with synonyms<br />
“Mitra rigida Reeve non Sws.” and “M. dunkeri Schmeltz Mus. God. Cat. IV.” Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: There is no “Turricula deshayesii or deshayesi Reeve” as shown by Garrett (1880: 52) who placed these<br />
Schmeltz listings in the synonymy of Mitra michaui Crosse & Fischer, 1864. It was separated again, and the<br />
name made available, “ex Schmeltz Mss.” as Mitra (Costellaria) deshayesi var. dunkeri Dautzenberg &<br />
Bouge, 1922: 201.<br />
6908. Turricula pupula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 84. [Mitridae]. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Name made available as Turricula (Pusia)<br />
pupula Tryon, 1882: 194. Tryon’s figured specimen (ANSP 28851) was stated to be from the Godeffroy<br />
Museum.<br />
6912. Turricula elegantula Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 84. [Mitridae] Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Mitra (Turricula) elegantula Dunker, 1871.<br />
6918. Engina zebra Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 128, with “Ric. iostoma Reeve” in synonymy. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. Made available as Columbella (Engina)<br />
zebra Kobelt, 1897, attributed to Dunker.<br />
6927. Coralliophyla [sic] neritoidea Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 89, with “Purp. violacea Kien.” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Name was made available as Murex neritoidea Gmelin, 1791 but that<br />
useage is preoccupied. = Coralliophila violacea (Kiener, 1836).<br />
6930. Lunella mespilum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 100; 1874[V]: 158, with “T. Porphyrites Kien.” in<br />
synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Turbo mespilum Gmelin, 1791.<br />
6931. Trochus acutangulus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 100, with “T. elatus L.” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Tectus conus (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
6945. Cyclostrema nivea Ch[emnitz]?, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 167. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is, according to Tryon (1888: 92), Cyclostrema laevis (Kiener,<br />
1838) but his discussion of A. Adams’s usage (1888: 96) should be read. Tryon attributed the species to Adams<br />
who had used Chemnitz’s name, placing it apart from C. laevis (Kiener) and stating that it did not match the<br />
figures.<br />
6946. Emarginula elliptica Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 102 ; 1874[V]: 148; 1877[VI]: 107. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6968. Tellina (Angulus) vitrea Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 167. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
6969. Tellina (Angulus) rudolphi Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 167. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. There is no reason to consider it being Tellina (Strigilla)<br />
rudolphi Brazier, 1898.<br />
6976. Venus cicercula Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 168. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
7090a. Planorbis planissimus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: In Catalog IV as number 7091, q.v.<br />
7091. Planorbis planissimus Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 69. Nomen nudum. NOTE: No<br />
description of this species by Mousson has been located. = Planorbis planissimus Clessin, 1884: 165. Clessin<br />
attributed to Mousson with reference to Schmeltz’s listing. Also see number 7090a.<br />
7095. Hydrocena obscura Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 74. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
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7105. Telescopium fuscum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 81, with “Trochus telescopium L.” and “Trochus<br />
indicator Mtf. “ in synonymy. Nomen nudum.—Telescopium fuscum Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 114.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Telescopium telescopium (Linnaeus, 1758).<br />
7108. Mitra (Nebularia) coronata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 83, 136; 1874[V]: 117; 1877[VI]: 105, with<br />
“M. aurora Dohrn” as a synonym on page 136 in 1869; not in a subgenus in 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Mitra coronata Lamarck, 1811.<br />
7117. Oliva (Porphyria) mauritiana Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 136—Dactylus mauritianus Mart[ini],<br />
Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 117. With 6 names in synonymy in 1869, including O. vidua. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. = Oliva vidua (Röding, 1798).<br />
7119. Ancilla (Ancillaria) torosa Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 136; 1874[V]: 116, with “A. mauritiana Sow.”<br />
and “A. volutella Desh.” in synonymy in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available. = Ancillaria mauritiana G.B. Sowerby I, 1830.<br />
7123. Mitra adusta Martin[i], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 136; 1874[V]: 117. In subgenus Nebularia in 1869. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. = Mitra adusta Lamarck, 1811, now placed by Cernohorsky (1967) in<br />
the synonymy of Mitra erimitarum Röding, 1798.<br />
7128. Conus (Stephanoconus) peplum Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 134. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Conus peplum G.B. Sowerby II, 1857.<br />
7130. Conus (Puncticulis) ceylonicus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 138; 1874[V]: 134. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Conus ceylonicus G.B. Sowerby II, 1857.<br />
7131. Leptoconus cassis Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 135, with “C. acuminatus Hw.” in synonymy. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available and cassis has never been used as a species name in Conidae. It is<br />
assumed that the species is Conus acuminatus Hwass in Brugière, 1792.<br />
7144. Tapes adspersa Chemn[itz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 111, with “V. literata var. Gm.” as a synonym. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Tapes punctata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 170, with Catalog IV listing in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s names are not available. The correct name for this species is Tapes literatus (Linnaeus,<br />
1758).<br />
7176. Cyrena rugulosa Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 112; 1874[V]: 170. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
7184. Cyclina chinensis Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 111; 1874[V]: 170. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Cyclina sinensis (Gmelin, 1791). It is number 4 in Catalog<br />
[III]: 43, q.v.<br />
7185. Tellina interrupta Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 108; 1874[V]: 168. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Solander’s name is not available. The first of two synonyms listed by Schmeltz, T. listeri Röding [as<br />
Bolt.], 1798 is the correct name for this species.<br />
7194. Chione peronii Lam[arck], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 168.<br />
NOTE: In an addenda on page 212 Schmeltz notes that the correct genus for this species is Katelyia [sic, an<br />
error for Katelysia Römer, 1857].<br />
7215. Columbella (Anachis) dora O. Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 126, with “Columbella pumila Souv[erbie &<br />
Montrouzier]1863 non Columbella pumila Dkr. [= Dunker] 1860” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description or use of this name by Semper has been located. This is a replacement name for the<br />
preoccupied C. pumila Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier and is Columbella (Anachis) dora Schmeltz,<br />
1874. However, a replacement name had already been provided: Columbella regulus Souverbie in Souverbie &<br />
Montrouzier, 1864.<br />
7216. Volvaria crystallina Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 115. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
7216a. Volvaria crystallina Dkr. [= Dunker] sp.? aff. V. minima Guild[ing], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 115. Nomen<br />
nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. The name minima attributed to Guilding does not<br />
appear in Tomlin’s list of the Marginellidae although he treated the preceding item.<br />
7220. Tellina (Angulus) samoensis Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 167. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
7233. Patella spinulosa Meusch[en], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 149. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Meuschen’s name is not available. The Godeffroy specimens from Samoa must remain unknown until<br />
material with original labeling is found.<br />
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7234. Callista (Cytherea) peasei Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 169, with “C. kingii Desh. Mus. Godeffroy<br />
Cat. IV [3346a]” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of C. peasei by Dunker has been located. Deshayes (1863: 59) did not introduce the<br />
name C. kingii but he properly attributed it to Gray who described it as Cytherea kingii Gray, 1826. The latter<br />
name is in current use as Callista (Notocallista) kingii (Gray in King, 1827) [sic; = Gray, 1826] by Huber<br />
(2010: 408).<br />
7306. Mitra versicolor Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 117. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Mitra nubila (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
7310. Bursa garretti Nobis, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 139. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. The footnote “R. rosea Reeve vero simil.” is not<br />
sufficient to validate the name.<br />
7620. Nubecula obscura Humph[rey], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 135. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Humphrey’s name is not available. This species was named Conus obscurus G. B. Sowerby I, 1833a<br />
who referenced Humphrey.<br />
7636. Nanina kermandecana Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 91. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: This is an error of spelling and authorship. It was introduced as Helix kermandeci Pfeiffer, 1857 from<br />
the same location. It was later treated as Microystis kermandeci Pfeiffer by Mousson (1873: 111).<br />
7640. Leptoconus pertusus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 136. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Conus pertusus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792.<br />
7641. Cypraea tabescens Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 137. Nomen nudum.—Cypraea teres var. tabescens<br />
Sol[ander], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 107. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Solander’s name is not available. It was made available as Cypraea tabescens Dillwyn, 1817 and is<br />
currently placed in synonymy of Cypraea teres Gmelin, 1791.<br />
7895. Mitra tessellata Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 117; 1877[VI]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Mitra incompta [Lightfoot, 1786].<br />
7931. Partula protea Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 92. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of P. fusca Pease, 1866 by Garrett<br />
(1884: 71).<br />
7935. Partula huahinensis Garr[ett] i.l. cum var., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 92. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Garrett. Listed by Garrett (1884: 78) as a nomen nudum in synonymy of P. varia<br />
Broderip, 1832. Schmeltz (1874[V]: 97) listed number 7935 as “Partula pulchra Pse. cum. var.” See number 8512.<br />
7938. Partula crassa Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 92. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Pease’s MS. name placed in synonymy of Patula<br />
otaheitana (Bruguière) by Garrett (1884: 46–47).<br />
7940. Partula sinistrorsa Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 92. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of P. otaheitana Bruguière, 1792<br />
by Garrett (1884: 46).<br />
7943. Patula incerta Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. i.l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 93. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Schmeltz’s listing placed in synonymy of Patula<br />
parvidens (Pease, 1861b) by Garrett (1884: 31).<br />
7952. Patula tahitiensis Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 93. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Pease used the name tahitensis [sic] for several species,<br />
but not for an endodontoid.<br />
7958. Hydrocena tahitiensis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 104. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
7974. Strombus (Monodactylus) adustus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 148, with “S. melanostomus Sws. [=<br />
Swainson]” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. The earliest available name for this species is Strombus aratrum<br />
(Röding, 1798); not aratrum Martyn which is number 1865.<br />
8056. Helicina altivaga Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. i.l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 99. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Garrett (1887c: 152) stated “this species was neither described nor figured.” It was described as<br />
Helicina altivaga Ancey, 1889: 205. Ancey gave a direct reference to the Godeffroy Catalog.<br />
8088. Engina rarotongensis Nobis, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 127. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. In his catalog of Columbellidae, Pace (1902: 128) listed<br />
as “raratongensis [sic] Schmaltz [sic]” with a query. Not found elsewhere except in Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 88<br />
where it is 9088, q.v.<br />
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8132. Amphipeplea acuta Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. i. l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 89. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
8400. Helix albomarginata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. i.l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 95. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in the synonymy of Varohadra oconnellensis<br />
(Cox, 1871) by Iredale (1933) when he described the genus Varohadra.<br />
8402. Helix basalis Mss. [= Mousson] var., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 97. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: See number 5282a.<br />
8416. Helicina testudinalis Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. i.l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 99. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
8426. Tahitia moussoni O. Semper, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 102. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Made available as Scalinella moussoni Garrett, 1884:<br />
100.<br />
8434. Partula cognata Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 92. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of P. rosea Broderip, 1832 by<br />
Garrett (1884: 67).<br />
8440. Patula acuticosta Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 93. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. = Patula acuticosta Garrett, 1884: 30, “ex.<br />
Mousson, MS.”<br />
8441. Patula intermixta Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 93. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of Endodonta fabrefacta (Pease,<br />
1864) by Garrett (1884: 30).<br />
8443. Helicina decolorata Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. i.l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 99. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of H. inconspicua Pfeiffer, 1848<br />
[sic; = 1849] by Garrett (1884: 103).<br />
8446. Melania societalis Mss. [= Mousson] i. l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 110. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
8512. Partula pulchra Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 92, 97, as “sp. nov., P. pulchra var. Pse.” on p. 97.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of P. varia Broderip, 1832 by<br />
Garrett (1884: 78). Schmeltz also listed number 7935 as “Partula pulchra Pse. cum var.”<br />
8528. Patula acutior Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp. i.l., Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 94. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
8530. Patula modicella Fér[ussac] var. pallida? [no author], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 94. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this variety has been located.<br />
8532. Nanina subcicercula Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 91. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. Name made available by Garrett (1881:<br />
362). See Taxa Note 4.<br />
8535. Assiminea ovata Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 103. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. This listing placed in synonymy of Assiminea nitida<br />
Pease, 1864 [sic; =1865a] by Garrett (1887c: 152).<br />
8541. Garrettia**) rotella Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 100.<br />
NOTE: The footnote **) states: “gen. nov. O. Semper in litt.” The genus Garrettia is attributable to Paetel<br />
(1873: 17, 124). Wenz (1939: 639) designated Pterocyclos parva Pease, 1865b as type species of Garrettia<br />
Paetel, 1873.<br />
8551. Helicina straminea Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 99. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of H. flavescens Pease, 1868b by<br />
Garrett (1881: 407; 1884: 101).<br />
8582. Patula aitutakiana Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 94. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. Placed in synonymy of Pitys imperforata<br />
(Pease, 1870) by Garrett (1881: 389).<br />
8583. Patula sublaminata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 94. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. Placed in synonymy of Patula rudis<br />
Garrett, 1872 with a query by Garrett (1881: 387).<br />
8687. Rissoina curta Sow[erby]?, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 104. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Sowerby, this is a manuscript name used by Mohrenstern (1860: 107) in synonymy.<br />
8688. Echinella grandinata Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 105. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Tectarius grandinata (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
8695. Mamma pes-elephantis Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 107. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Natica peselephanti Link, 1807.<br />
8711. Eulima contracta O. Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 108, with “E. inflexa Pse *)” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: The footnote *) states that the name “inflexa” was used by Deshayes in 1835. That attribution is in error<br />
as explained by Warén (1981: 150) who showed that Pease’s name is not preoccupied. Under I.C.Z.N. (1999)<br />
Art. 59.3 Eulima inflexa Pease, 1868 would be “permanently invalid unless the substitute name is not in use<br />
and the relevant taxa are no longer considered congeneric.” That is the case here as Warén, who treated the<br />
species as Pavioris inflexa (Pease, 1867 [sic; =1868c]), did not accept the substitute name. Warén cited the<br />
Godeffroy Catalog as the origin of Eulima contracta Schmeltz, 1874 but attributed it to Semper. The correct<br />
name for the species is Pavioris inflexa (Pease) as used by Warén.<br />
8782. Bittium upolense Nob[is], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 113. Nomen nudum.—Bittium upolensis [sic] Nobis,<br />
Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 104. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
8812. Turricula (Costellaria) cruentata Chem[nitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 119; 1879[VII]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Vexillum cruentata (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
8815. Pendactylus scti. mauritii [sic] Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 122, with “Ricinula concatenata Blv. var.”<br />
in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Name made available as Buccinum s. mauritii [sic; = sanctimauritii]<br />
Gmelin, 1791. Placed in the genus Pollia by Gray (1839: 112). No current use of the name has been located.<br />
8832. Turricula (Costellaria) emiliae Nobis, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 119, with “M. plicatula Pse. [= Turricula<br />
plicatula Pease, 1868a] *)” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: The footnote states that “plicatula” was used for a Mitra by Brocchi, 1814 [Voluta plicatula Brocchi,<br />
1814]. Vexillum emiliae (Schmeltz, 1874) is in use but sometimes attributed to Garrett, 1880 in error although<br />
Garrett (1880: 45) correctly attributed the name to Schmeltz and gave a complete reference.<br />
8843. Murex (Ocinebra) schmeltzianus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 131. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
8848. Latirus nodatus Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 128. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Benimakia nodata (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
8856. Murex hystrix Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 130. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. This is Murex scolopax Dillwyn, 1817.<br />
8873. Strombus (Monodactylus) tricornis Mart[ini], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 142. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martini’s name is not available. = Strombus tricornis [Lightfoot, 1786].<br />
8874. Gladius magnus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 141; with “Rostellaria curvirostris Lam.” in synonymy.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is Tibia insulaechorab Röding, 1798.<br />
8929. Malleus albus Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 176. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Malleus albus Lamarck, 1819.<br />
9037. Cithara elegans Garr[ett] (Msc.), Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 89. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
9088. Engina rarotongensis Nobis, Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: There is no description. No other record of this name has been located except in Schmeltz, 1874[V]:<br />
127 where it appeared as number 8088, q.v.<br />
9207. Amycla minuta Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 87 [as number 3624]. Nomen nudum.—Amycla<br />
sublaevis Mont[rouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 127; with “A. minuta Dkr. [=<br />
Dunker] M. God. Cat. IV.” in synonymy.<br />
NOTE: No description of A. minuta by Dunker has been located. The species is Columbella (Pisania?)<br />
sublaevis Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864.<br />
9209. Columbella (Mitrella) pellucida Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88 [as number 3623a]. Nomen<br />
nudum.—Amycla sublaevis Montr[ouzier] var. minor [no author], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 127, with “Mitrella<br />
pellucida Dkr. Mus. Godeffroy Cat. IV” in synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of C. pellucida by Dunker has been located. Possibly an error for C. pellucida Pease,<br />
1861a. The varietal name minor has been used in Columbellidae at least nine times, none seeming to fit here.<br />
9214. Columbella (Anachis) semen Dkr. [= Dunker] n. sp., Schmeltz, 1869[IV]: 88 [as number 1811a]; 1874[V]:<br />
127. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
9288. Natica hieroglyphica Garr[ett] Msc., Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 85. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
9342. Nerita costata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 143. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Nerita costata Gmelin, 1791.<br />
9370. Clanculus godeffroyi Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 123. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located.<br />
9372. Clanculus lugubris Dkr. [= Dunker] *), Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 123. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located. The footnote [*)] states: “Trochus radula<br />
Parr[eyss] vero simill.”<br />
9380. Pecten nigromaculatus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 97. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Dunker. Name made available as Pecten nigromaculatus Kobelt in Küster &<br />
Kobelt, 1888, ex Dunker MSS. Now (e.g., Dijkstra & Köhler 2008) placed in synonymy of Coralichlamys<br />
madreporarum (G.B. Sowerby II, 1842). However, that species is in Catalog 1874[V]: 177 as number 3642.<br />
9381. Pecten sulphureus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 177; 1877[VI]: 97. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Dunker. Name made available as Pecten sulphureus Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt,<br />
1888, ex Dunker MSS., now (e.g., Dijkstra & Kilburn 2001: 294; as Semipallium) placed in synonymy of<br />
Pascahinnites coruscans (Hinds, 1845).<br />
9387. Pecten glaucinus Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 177. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Dunker has been located.<br />
9470. Pinna bicolor Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 176. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Pinna bicolor Gmelin, 1791.<br />
9472. Barbatia wendtii Nobis, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 173; 1877[VI]: 96; as “Nobis” only in 1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Schmeltz, the name was made available by Lamy and the species is now Miratacar<br />
wendti (Lamy, 1907).<br />
9573. Purpura (Polytropa) crispata Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 123. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. His figures named Murex crispatum (Holten, 1802), a synonym of<br />
Nucella lamellosa (Gmelin, 1791).<br />
9601. Cardium (Cerastoderma) corbis Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 171. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. This species is usually considered to be Clinocardium nuttalli (Conrad,<br />
1837).<br />
9618. Ziziphinus costatus Martyn, Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 147, with “Z. filosus Gld. Rv. sp. 27” in<br />
synonymy.—Calliostoma costatum Mart[yn], 1877[VI]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. This is Calliostoma ligatum (Gould, 1849).<br />
9664. Columbella concinna Dkr. [= Dunker], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 126, with “C. elegantula Dkr. [= Dunker] i.l.” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of either C. concinna or C. elegantula by Dunker has been located. See number 6613 for<br />
a prior listing of Columbella concinna.<br />
9678. Tellina (Psammotella) rufescens Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 167, with “T. opercularis Sow.” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. = Psammotella cruenta [Lightfoot, 1786].<br />
9679. See number 1041. Not to be confused with following entry.<br />
9679. Scala tenuicostata Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 105. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Garrett has been located. Possibly an error for Scalaria tenuicostata<br />
G.B. Sowerby II, 1844.<br />
9738. Partula callistoma Pfr. [= Pfeiffer], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 207; 1877[VI]: 81. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of P. callifera Pfeiffer, 1856 [sic ;<br />
=1857] by Garrett (1884: 60).<br />
9744. Partula labiata Pse. [= Pease] (Mscr.), Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 207; 1877[VI]: 80, with “(Mscr.)” only in 1874.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. This reference placed in synonymy of Partula<br />
dentifera Pfeiffer, 1852 [sic; =1854] by Garrett (1884: 68).<br />
9749. Partula globosa Pse. [= Pease] (Mscr.), Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 207; 1877[VI]: 80, with “(Mscr.)” only in 1874.<br />
Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. This reference placed in synonymy of Partula hebe<br />
(Pfeiffer, 1846b) by Garrett (1884: 53).<br />
9752. Partula approximata Pse. [= Pease] (Mscr.), Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 207; 1877[VI]: 80, with “(Mscr.)” only in<br />
1874. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: No description of this species has been located. This reference placed in synonymy of Partula vittata<br />
Pease, 1866 by Garrett (1884: 75).<br />
9759. Partula virginea Pse. [= Pease], 1877[VI]: 81. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Pease has been located. Name made available as Partula virginea<br />
Garrett, 1884: 61.<br />
9760. Omphalotropis boraborensis Pse. [sic], 1877[VI]: 84. Not described by Pease who correctly attributed it to<br />
Dohrn.<br />
NOTE: = Omphalotropis boraborensis Dohrn, 1859.<br />
9764. Gadinia varia Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 208 ; 1877[VI]: 85. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Garrett (1878 : 335) stated that he had distributed specimens under this name but identified them as<br />
being the same as “Sowerby’s reticulata collected in California”. This synonymy was corrected by Rehder<br />
(1980: 99) who placed Garrett’s unavailable name in the synonymy of Trimusculus odhneri (Hubendick,<br />
1946).<br />
9768. Chromodoris incarnata Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 93. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
9876. Helicina bella Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 83. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Placed in synonymy of H. maugeriae albinea Pease,<br />
1872 by Garrett (1884: 101).<br />
10011. See number 7641.<br />
10433. Clausilia tridens Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 80. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. Listed in current publications as Nenia bidens (Schweigger, 1820).<br />
10468. Planaxis pygmaea Garrett, Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 81. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
10469. Placostylus vitiensis Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 81. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Placostylus vitiensis Garrett, 1887a.<br />
11030. Scutellina squamosa Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 91. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
12513. Calliostoma canaliculatum Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Calliostoma canaliculatum [Lightfoot, 1786].<br />
12649. Cylindrella gracilis Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 80 (from Jamaica). Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. This is considered to be an error for Cylindrella gracilis (Wood,<br />
1828) which is also from Jamaica.<br />
12862. Calliostoma annulatum Mart[yn], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Calliostoma annulatum [Lightfoot, 1786].<br />
14207. Strigatella zebra Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 1054. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Garrett has been located. It is more probably an error for Mitra zebra<br />
Lamarck, 1811 than for Mitra zebrina Garrett, 1873, which is a species of Vexillum.<br />
14241. Pollia lineata Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 106. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14248. Trivia scabriuscula Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 107. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Garrett has been located. Possibly an error for Trivia scabriuscula<br />
(Gray, 1827).<br />
14250. Turbonilla vitiensis Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 104. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Garrett. Made available as Turbonilla (Lancella) vitiensis Pilsbry, 1918 who<br />
referenced a Garrett label.<br />
14293. Fossarus candidus Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 90. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14297. Cyclostrema lyricincta Garr[ett], Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 107. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14317. Ninella staminea Martyn, Schmeltz, 1877[VI]: 107. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Martyn’s name is not available. = Turbo torquata Gmelin, 1791.<br />
14462. Onchidium Dämeli [sic; = daemeli] Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Onchidium daemeli Semper, 1882.<br />
14464. Onchidium ambiguum Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Onchidium ambiguum Semper, 1880.<br />
14737. Melania expressa Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
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NOTE: Never described by Mousson. His M. expressa was included in the synonymy of M. kubaryi Brot, 1886<br />
when that species was described.<br />
14738. Melania kubaryi Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Mousson. Name made available as Melania kubaryi Brot, 1886.<br />
14741. Melania dextroversa Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14743. Neritella (Neritina) multisulcata Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14744. Neritella australis Ch[emnitz], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Chemnitz’s name is not available. ?= Neritina brevispina Lamarck, 1822.<br />
14746. Neritella pervariabilis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 88. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14756. Melampus pelewanus Mss. [= Mousson] n. sp.?, Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14775. Pupina subplicata Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14776. Pupina aperta Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14780. Optediceras [sic; = -eros] societatis Mss. [= Mousson] (sp. nov.?), Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 87. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located. Thiele (1927: 129) described Paludinella semperi n. sp.<br />
based on material collected by Semper on Palau and by Finsch on Jaluit, and on page 130 he added<br />
[translated]: “Two Huahine shells from the Museum Godeffroy, which had been labelled with the name<br />
Optediceros societatis Mss, belong to P. semperi; the species had not yet been named.”<br />
14785. Partula formosa Pse. [= Pease], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 85. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: Never described by Pease. = Partula formosa Garrett, 1884: 60, (ex. Pease MS.).<br />
14801. Zonites porcatus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 85, with “Z. schmeltziana Garr. Msc.” in<br />
synonymy. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species by Mousson has been located. Zonites schmeltziana Garrett, 1887 was<br />
introduced with no mention of any other name or the Museum Godeffroy.<br />
14807. Melampus pallidulus Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 84. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
14820. Pythia infidelis Mss. [= Mousson], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 84. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: No description of this species has been located.<br />
15295. Onchidium reticulatum Semp[er], Schmeltz, 1879[VII]: 86. Nomen nudum.<br />
NOTE: = Onchidium reticulatum Semper, 1882.<br />
Molluscan taxa and nomina nuda in the Journal des Museum Godeffroy (JMG)<br />
The majority of new molluscan taxa were introduced by Bergh in a four-part series on the nudibranchs of the South<br />
Sea. It must be noted that Bergh kept listing his taxa as “n. sp.” often long after they had been formally described in<br />
these and other publications. An additional complication is caused by the fact that Bergh near-simultaneously<br />
published on the same taxa in another complex multi-year publication series edited by Carl Gottfried Semper<br />
(1867–1916) as “Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen”; Bergh’s series therein was likewise called “Malacologische<br />
Untersuchungen” (e.g., Bergh 1870–1878). His cross references among these and other contemporary publications<br />
were not always correct, and priority issues are at times difficult to disentangle. As will be shown below, the first<br />
three parts of Bergh’s nudibranch treatment in the Journal were published in 1873, 1874, and 1875, respectively.<br />
He expected the fourth part, with a treatment of Chromodoris, to appear in 1876 and often referred to that work as<br />
if it were already published in his other works of that time (e.g., 1876; 1877a). However, publication of that<br />
frequently referenced <strong>article</strong> was delayed until JMG Heft 14, in 1879.<br />
For example, Bergh (1879a: 3) considered Goniodoris picturata Mörch, 1863 preoccupied by Pterodoris<br />
picturata Ehrenberg, 1831 and introduced a replacement name, Chromodoris moerchii [as mörchii] for it.<br />
However, Bergh had taken this step previously in the Jahrbücher (1877a: 56). In that <strong>article</strong>, he referred to his<br />
“earlier” action in this matter, stated to be in the “Journ. d. Mus. Godeffroy. Heft XII. 1877” (the issue that<br />
ultimately appeared in Heft XIV in 1879). The list of molluscan taxa introduced in the Journal (see below)<br />
investigates such priority issues.<br />
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Taxa still incorrectly listed as “n. sp.“ after they had already been described, and taxa introduced by other<br />
authors incorrectly annotated with Bergh’s name are not listed herein.<br />
The following lists those molluscan names that where first made available in the Journal, as well as those that<br />
were indicated as new descriptiona but had in fact been published elsewhere. Bold face font indicates the original<br />
binomen and author/date combination when first made available. Text and figure references to that taxon in the<br />
JMG are given, with the alternate number in the dual pagination scheme in [brackets]. When provided in the<br />
original, the original local and collector (often Garrett or Graeffe) are also stated. Because of the complexities<br />
involving near-simultaneously published and previously ill-dated works, additional commentary is made.<br />
“Asteronotus mabilla Bergh”—described as such by Bergh (1878b: 627, 644, 645), and Bergh 1879a (JMG, 5(14):<br />
50, pl. 5, figs. 19–23), the former citing Bergh (1877b; no description therein) and an anatomically “wrong”<br />
description of this species by Abraham (1877: 249). First described as Doris mabilla Abraham, 1877 (1877: 249,<br />
pl. 28, figs. 1–4); Abraham had adopted Bergh’s manuscript name from label information at the British Museum.<br />
Considered valid by Sachidhanandam et al. (2000: 524) as “Asteronotus mabila [sic] Bergh, 1878 (apparently no<br />
published figure exists)”, but treated as a synonym of Asteronotus cespitosus (van Hasselt, 1824) by others<br />
(McDonald, 2009: 356).<br />
Cerberilla Bergh, 1873, as “n. gen.”; JMG 1(2) 1873a: 160 [88]. Type species by monotypy, Cerberilla<br />
longicirrha Berg, 1873.<br />
Cerberilla longicirrha Bergh, 1873, as “n. sp.”; JMG 1(2) 1873a: 161–164 [88–92], pl. 11, fig. 27; pl. 12, figs.<br />
6–16. Upolu, Samoa (Graeffe, coll.).—JMG 3(6) 1874c: 115, pl. 3, figs. 1–3.<br />
Chromodoris (Goniodoris) albolineata [as albo-lineata] Bergh, 1879, as of “v. Martens in sched.” JMG 5(14)<br />
1879a: 5. Based on specimens in the Berlin Museum. Rudman (1982: 196) placed in synonymy of Chromodoris<br />
lineolata (van Hasselt, 1824).<br />
Chromodoris albonotata [as albo-notata] Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 208 [76], 227, pl. 7, fig.<br />
1.—JMG, 5(14) 1879a: 5, 6, 48, pl. 3, figs. 15–17. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.). Accepted as valid species by Rudman<br />
(1986a: 165).<br />
Chromodoris annae Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 205 [73]; nomen nudum. With footnote on page 205<br />
[73] stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in a later part<br />
of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Described as<br />
Chromodoris annae Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 473, 474, pl. 51, figs. 11–23). Accepted as valid species by Rudman<br />
(1982: 210).<br />
Chromodoris calensis Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG, 5(14) 1879a: 3; nomen nudum. With footnote on p. 3 stating<br />
that this species will be published in Bergh’s “nudibranchiate Gastraeopoda [sic] of the North Pacific”, as part of<br />
Dall’s Exploration of Alaska. Described as Chromodoris californiensis Bergh, 1879 (Bergh, 1879c, d), but shown<br />
as Chromodoris calensis on pl. 14 [6] (1880a), figs. 5–15). Bergh (1880a: 274, under “Errata for Part I”) stated<br />
“The specific name Californiensis (Chromodoris) was substituted in the printed text for Calensis, which appeared<br />
on the plate and in the manuscript under the idea that the latter was intended merely as an abbreviation”. Bertsch &<br />
Burn (1979: 255) petitioned the I.C.Z.N. “to place the specific name californiensis Bergh, 1879, as published in the<br />
binomen Chromodoris californiensis, on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology”. I.C.Z.N. (1983) Opinion<br />
1253 rejected C. glauca Bergh, 1879 (1879b) and gave preference to, and placed on the Official List, Chromodoris<br />
californiensis Bergh, 1879 (1879c). Chromodoris calensis was not discussed.<br />
Chromodoris camoena Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 2, 17, 18, 49, pl. 4, figs. 24–29. Tonga<br />
(Graeffe, coll.). McDonald (1990: 150) placed in Glossodoris.<br />
Chromodoris cantrainii Bergh, 1879; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 2. Listed with two references to “Goniodoris elegans,<br />
Cantr[aine]” in synonymy. Although not stated as such, Bergh apparently introduced a new name to replace Doris<br />
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elegans Cantraine, 1835, the latter preoccupied by Doris elegans Quoy & Gaimard, 1832. Placed as Chromodoris<br />
cantraini [sic] Bergh, 1879 in synonymy of Hypselodoris picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836) by Ortea et al. (1996: 43).<br />
Chromodoris? citrina Bergh, 1874, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(6) 1874c: 113, pl. 1, figs. 14–17. JMG 3(8) 1875b: 210<br />
[78]. A species different from Notodoris citrina Bergh, 1875 according to footnote in Bergh (1875b), JMG 3(8):<br />
196 [64]. Only known from original illustration. Rudman (1986c: 384) compared to Noumea crocea Rudman,<br />
1986, from which it differs in coloration. McDonald (2009: 151) placed in Glossodoris.<br />
Chromodoris dalli Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG, 5(14) 1879a: 3; nomen nudum. Footnote on p. 3 states that this<br />
species will be published in Bergh’s “nudibranchiate Gastraeopoda [sic] of the North Pacific”, as part of Dall’s<br />
Exploration of Alaska. Described as Chromodoris dalli Bergh, 1879 (1879c: 109–112, pl. 13 [5] (1880a), figs. 1–7<br />
[8–14]; pl. 14 (1880a), figs. 1–4; apparently simultaneously with an identical description in Bergh (1879d). Placed<br />
in Glossodoris by Rudman (1984: 156; 1986c: 180).<br />
Chromodoris elisabethina Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8): 205 [73]; nomen nudum. With footnote in Bergh<br />
(1875: 205 [73]) stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in<br />
a later part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’.<br />
Described as Chromodoris elisabethina Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 466–473, pl. 51, figs. 6–15; pl. 53, fig. 28). Bergh<br />
(1877a: 75) stated “D[oris] sponsa E[hrenberg, 1831] = Chromodoris elisabethina, Bgh.” Accepted as valid<br />
species by Rudman (1982: 205).<br />
Chromodoris gloriosa Bergh, 1874, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(6) 1874c: 113, pl. 1, figs. 6–9.—JMG 3(8) 1875b: 205<br />
[73], 211–213 [79–81], 229 [97], 230 [98], pl. 9, figs. 19–31. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.). Synonymized under Noumea<br />
varians (Pease, 1871) by Rudman (1986b: 316).<br />
Chromodoris godeffroyana “Garrett“ Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 485, 493, with “Goniobranchus godeffroyana, Garr.<br />
Journ. D. Mus. Godeffroy. Heft XIV, 1877 [error for 1879] Taf. 1, Fig. 1–4“ in synonymy, the latter a MS name<br />
supplied by Garrett together with notes and field illustrations. <strong>Full</strong> description, as “n. sp.“ by Bergh (1879a), JMG<br />
5(14): 12–14, 46, 49, pl. 1, figs. 1–4; pl. 4, figs. 2–11, Huahine, Society Islands (Garrett, coll.). Placed as Risbecia<br />
godeffroyana ([Garrett MS] Bergh, 1877) by Rudman (1987: 373).<br />
Chromodoris histrio Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 205 [73]; nomen nudum. With footnote by Bergh<br />
(1875b: 205 [73]) stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced<br />
in a later part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’.<br />
Described as Chromodoris histrio Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 493). <strong>Full</strong> description in Bergh (1879a), JMG, 5(14): 8, 9,<br />
46, 48, pl. 1, figs. 9–12; pl. 3, figs. 10–14. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.). Placed in synonymy of Chromodoris rufomaculata<br />
Pease, 1871 by Rudman (1987: 352).<br />
Chromodoris lapinigensis Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 3, 18, 19, 49, pl. 4, figs. 30–34. Lapinig,<br />
Philippines (Semper, coll.). Treated as Glossodoris by McDonald (2009: 160).<br />
Chromodoris luxuriosa Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8): 205 [73], 227 [95], pl. 7, fig. 2.—JMG 5(14) 1879a:<br />
7, 8, 48, pl. 3, figs. 2–9. Tahiti; Gilbert Islands (Garrett, coll.). Synonymized under Durvilledoris lemniscata (Quoy<br />
& Gaimard, 1832) by Rudman (1984: 292).<br />
Chromodoris moerchii Bergh, 1877 (1877a): 56. Nomen novum for Goniodoris picturata Mörch, 1863, non<br />
Pterodoris picturata Ehrenberg, 1831, which Bergh both considered to be species of Chromodoris.—JMG 5(14)<br />
1879a: 1, 3, 4.—JMG 5(14) 1879a: 47, 48 (as mörchii). Note: Bergh (1877a: 56) referred to JMG Heft 12 of 1877<br />
as containing the introduction of the new name. Publication of that part was delayed until Heft 14 in 1879. Treated<br />
as member of Glossodoris and misspelled as “moerchi” or “morchii” in subsequent literature.<br />
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Chromodoris pallescens Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG, 3(8) 1875b: 213–214 [81–82], 227 [95], 229 [97], pl. 7,<br />
figs. 4 (multiple); pl. 9, figs. 11–18. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.).—JMG, 5(14) 1879a: 2. Considered a synonym of<br />
Chromodoris aspersa (Gould, 1852) by Rudman (1983: 145).<br />
Chromodoris pantharella Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 3; nomen nudum. Described as Chromodoris<br />
pantharella Bergh, 1879 (1879b): 94–98, 114, 115, pl. 3 [sic], figs. 12–25). Considered valid by Sachidhanandam<br />
et al. (2000: 520).<br />
Chromodoris paupera Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 207 [75]; nomen nudum. With footnote on page<br />
205 [73] stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in a later<br />
part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Described as<br />
Chromodoris paupera Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 484–486, pl. 53, figs. 15–27). Treated as Glossodoris by McDonald<br />
(2009: 165).<br />
Chromodoris? pusilla Bergh, 1874, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(6) 1874c: 113, pl. 1, fig. 18.—3(8) 1875b: 209 [77].<br />
Treated as Durvilledoris pusilla (Bergh, 1874) by Rudman (1986b: 324; 1990: 287).<br />
Chromodoris pustulans Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 207 [75]; nomen nudum. With footnote on page<br />
205 [73] stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in a later<br />
part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Described as<br />
Chromodoris pustulans Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 488–490, pl. 54, figs. 13–20). Cebu, Philippines (Semper, coll.).<br />
Treated as Glossodoris by McDonald (2009: 167).<br />
Chromodoris runcinata Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 207 [75]; nomen nudum. With footnote on page<br />
205 [73] stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in a later<br />
part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Described as<br />
Chromodoris runcinata Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 479–481, pl. 51, figs. 32, 33; pl. 53, figs. 5–12). Considered a<br />
synonym of Hypselodoris infucata (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830) by Johnson & Valdés (2001: 1374).<br />
Chromodoris scurra Bergh, 1874. Named as as “n. sp.” and illustrated in JMG 3(6) 1874c: 113, pl. 1, figs. 10–13;<br />
but previously introduced by Bergh (1874b: pl. 33, fig. 3 and caption).—JMG 3(8) 1875b: 205 [73], 210–211<br />
[78–79], 229 [97], pl. 9, figs. 5–10. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.).—JMG 5(14) 1879a: 1. Synonymized under Durvilledoris<br />
lemniscata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832) by Rudman (1984: 292).<br />
Chromodoris semperi Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 207 [75]; nomen nudum. With footnote on page<br />
205 [73] stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in a later<br />
part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Described as<br />
Chromodoris semperi Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 482–484, pl. 52, figs. 1, 2; pl. 53, figs. 13, 14; pl. 55, figs. 2–7).<br />
Considered a synonym of Hypselodoris infucata (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830) by Johnson & Valdés (2001: 1374).<br />
Chromodoris striatella Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 205 [73]; nomen nudum. The species was<br />
described as Chromodoris lineolata Bergh, 1874 (1874b: plate 33, fig. 4 and caption) and formally renamed<br />
Chromodoris striatella Bergh, 1877 by Bergh (1877c: 474) who considered it preoccupied by Doris lineolata van<br />
Hasselt, 1824. Accepted as a valid species by Rudman (1982: 200).<br />
Chromodoris thalassopora Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 2, 19–21, 50, pl. 4, figs. 35–40; pl. 5, figs.<br />
1, 2. Japanese Sea (Museum Copenhagen). Listed in Bergh (1877c: 466; nomen nudum).<br />
Chromodoris virginea Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 207 [75]; nomen nudum. With footnote on page<br />
205 [73] stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in a later<br />
part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Described as<br />
Chromodoris virginea Bergh, 1877 (1877c: 486–488, pl. 33 [1874; not named thereon], fig. 10; pl. 54, figs. 5–12).<br />
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Cyerce nigra [“Semper” Bergh, 1871] var. ocellata Bergh, 1873; JMG 1(2) 1873a: 155–158 [83–86], 165 [93],<br />
166 [94], pl. 9, figs. 8, 9; pl. 10, fig. 26; pl. 11, figs. 13–26 [labeled as Elysia nigropunctata on plate caption]; pl.<br />
12, figs. 2, 3. Samoa (Graeffe, coll.).<br />
Doriopsis affinis Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 216 [84], 225–227 [93–95], 231 [99], pl. 7, figs. 6<br />
(multiple), pl. 10, figs. 22, 23; pl. 11, fig. 2. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.).<br />
Doriopsis gibbulosa Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 218 [86]; nomen nudum. With footnote by Bergh<br />
(1875b: 216 [84]) stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced<br />
in a later part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’.<br />
Described as Doriopsis gibbulosa Bergh, 1879; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 27–29. New Caledonia (Copenhagen Museum).<br />
Doriopsis herpetica Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 40, 41, 46, pl. 1, figs. 13–16. Gilbert Islands<br />
(Garrett, coll.). Bergh stated this to be a likely synonym of Doris compta Pease, 1872.<br />
Doriopsis maculigera Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 218 [86], 228 [96], pl. 8, fig. 33.—JMG 5(14)<br />
1879a: 34, 35. Aibukit, Philippines (Semper, coll.).<br />
Doriopsis modesta Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 218 [86]; nomen nudum. With footnote by Bergh<br />
(1875b: 216 [84]) stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced<br />
in a later part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Made<br />
available as Doriopsis modesta Bergh, 1877 (1877d: 519, 534–536, pl. 54 (1877c), figs. 21–25; pl. 55 (1877c),<br />
figs. 17–19). Masinloc, Philippines (Semper, coll.). Again described as “n. sp.” by Bergh 1879a; JMG 5(14): 22,<br />
31, 32, citing Bergh (1876: 386) in synonymy, but a nomen nudum therein. Treated as of 1876 by McDonald (2009:<br />
422) who synonymized under Dendrodoris cuprea Ehrenberg, 1877, a nominal species that Bergh (1879a: 31) had<br />
tentatively cited in synonymy.<br />
“Doriopsis nebulosa Bergh, 1875”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 227 [95], 232 [100], pl. 7, figs. 5 (multiple); pl. 11, fig. 24.<br />
Changed to Doriopsis nebulosa (Pease, 1860) by Bergh 1879a; JMG 5(14): 23, 24. Hexabranchus nebulosus<br />
Pease, 1860 was considered a synonym of Dendrodoris nigra (Stimpson, 1855) by Brodie et al. (1997: 408).<br />
Doriopsis nicobarica Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 218 [86]; nomen nudum. With footnote on page<br />
216 [84] stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in a later<br />
part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. Described as<br />
Doriopsis nicobarica Bergh, 1879; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 25–27, 47, pl. 2, figs. 8–12. Nicobares (Reinhardt, coll.).<br />
Doriopsis pellucida Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 218 [86]; nomen nudum. With footnote by Bergh<br />
(1875: 216 [84]) stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in<br />
a later part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’.<br />
Described as Doriopsis pellucida Bergh, 1879; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 32, 33, citing Bergh (1876: 386) in synonymy,<br />
but a nomen nudum therein. Zamboanga, Philippines (Semper, coll.).<br />
Doriopsis pudibunda Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 218 [86]; nomen nudum. With footnote by Bergh<br />
(1875: 216 [84]) stating that new species not formally described in the remainder of the <strong>article</strong> will be introduced in<br />
a later part of the Journal or in Heft 10 of Bergh’s Malacologische Untersuchungen in Semper’s ‘Reisen’. The<br />
species was described as Doriopsis pudibunda Bergh, 1879; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 33, 34, citing Bergh (1876: 387) in<br />
synonymy, but a nomen nudum therein. Philippines (Semper, coll.).<br />
Doriopsis semperi Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 218 [86], 228 [96], pl. 8, fig. 31.—JMG, 5(14)<br />
1879a: 29–31. Cebu, Philippines (Semper, coll.). Predates treatment by Bergh (1876: 386).<br />
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Doriopsis spiculata Bergh, 1876. The full description, as “n. sp.”, appeared in JMG 5(14) 1879a: 37, 38, 47, pl. 2,<br />
figs. 13–15. However, Bergh (1876: 387) had listed the name and given a minimal description by mentioning that<br />
the taxon differs in “its richness of the dorsal skin on the spicules” [our translation], which qualifies under ICZN<br />
rules as meeting requirements of a description.<br />
Doriopsis tristis Bergh, 1874. Shown as “n. sp.” with full description in Bergh (1875b), JMG 3(8): 216 [84],<br />
223–225 [91–93], 231 [99], 232 [100], pl. 11, figs. 3–7; but previously introduced by Bergh (1874b: pl. 33, fig. 9<br />
and caption). Camigiun, Philippines; Palau (Semper, coll.).—JMG, 5(14) 1879a: 47, pl. 2, fig. 17.<br />
Doridopsis vidua Bergh, 1879, as “n. sp.”; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 35, 36, 46, 47, pl. 1, figs. 17–20; pl. 2, fig. 16. Tahiti<br />
(Garrett, coll.).<br />
Doris “(Gen.?)” punctulifera Bergh, 1874, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(6) 1874c: 113, pl. 1, figs. 19–20.—Chromodoris?<br />
punctulifera—JMG 3(8) 1875b: 209 [77]. Considered a probable synonym of Chromodoris aspersa (Gould, 1852)<br />
by Rudman (1983: 145).<br />
Doris schmeltziana “Garrett” Bergh, 1875; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 228 [96], pl. 8, figs. 34–37. Bergh (1877a: 61)<br />
listed it as “Discodoris (Dendrodoris) schmeltziana (Garr.) n. sp.” and Bergh (1877d: 519) as “Discodoris<br />
schmeltziana (Garr.) n. sp.”, the latter with a footnote that the actual description would follow in a future number of<br />
JMG, where Bergh published it as Discodoris schmeltziana “(Garrett)”; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 50, pl. 5, figs. 9–15. The<br />
1875 introduction seems to have been overlooked. Rudman (2005: 1) stated: “Although published as a name in a<br />
list in Bergh, 1877, Discodoris schmeltziana was not properly described until 1880.” Listed as of Garrett by Bergh,<br />
this name must be attributed to Bergh (1875).<br />
Doris “(N. g.?)” tessellata Bergh, 1879; JMG 5(14) 1879a: 50, pl. 5, figs, 16–18. A more detailed description, as<br />
Dictyodoris tessallata Bergh “n. sp.“, was provided by Bergh (1880b: 75–78, pl. C, figs. 11, 12; pl. F, figs. 22, 23).<br />
Echinodoris Bergh, 1874, as “n. gen.”; JMG 3(6) 1874c: 109. Type species by monotypy, Doris eolida Quoy &<br />
Gaimard, 1832. Rudman (1985: 9) pointed out that Bergh misidentified the type species and refers most probably<br />
to Cadlinella hirsuta Rudman, 1995. Rudman stated that he was submitting to the I.C.Z.N. a proposal “that<br />
Echinodoris should be treated as a junior objective synonym of Ceratodoris [Gray, 1850; also with Doris eolida as<br />
its type], and in the interests of nomenclatural stability not be considered available to replace Cadlinella”. He also<br />
planned to request “that both Echinodoris and Ceratodoris … be suppressed” in favor of another name (1985: 9).”<br />
We have not located such an I.C.Z.N. proposal or resulting decisions. This matter could also be resolved by<br />
specialists by applying options in I.C.Z.N. (1999) Art. 70.3.1.<br />
Miamira Bergh, 1874. Shown as “Nov. Gen.” in JMG 3(6) 1874c: 113; but previously introduced by Bergh<br />
(1874b: caption to pl. 33). Type species by monotypy, Miamira nobilis Bergh, 1874.—JMG, 3(8) 1875b: 185 [53].<br />
Valdés & Gosliner (1999) synonymized under Ceratosoma Gray, 1850.<br />
Miamira nobilis Bergh, 1874. Shown as “Nov. Sp.” in JMG 3(6) 1874c: 113, 116, pl. 1, fig. 5; pl. 4, figs. 29–33;<br />
but previously introduced by Bergh (1874b: pl. 33, fig. 2 and caption).—JMG 3(8) 1875b: 185–195 [53–63],<br />
227–229 [95–97], pl. 8, figs. 1–30, pl. 9, figs. 1–4. Masinloc, Philippines (Semper, coll.), Albay, Philippines (Jagor,<br />
coll.), Upolo, Samoa (Graeffe, coll.). Valdés & Gosliner (1999: 34) synonymized Miamira nobilis Bergh, 1875<br />
under Ceratosoma sinuata (van Hasselt, 1824).<br />
Notodoris Bergh, 1875, as “Nov. Gen.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 196 [64]. Type species by monotypy, Notodoris citrina<br />
Bergh, 1875. Synonymized under Aegires Lovén, 1844 by Fahey & Gosliner (2004: 618).<br />
Notodoris citrina Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 196–199 [64–67], 230 [98], pl. 9, figs. 32–45, pl. 10,<br />
figs. 1–8. Type species of Notodoris. A species different from Chromodoris citrina Bergh, 1874 according to<br />
footnote on p. 196. Accepted as Aegiris citrinus (Bergh, 1875) by Fahey & Gosliner (2004: 663).<br />
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Orodoris Bergh, 1875, as “Nov. Gen.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 199 [67]. Type species by monotypy, Orodoris<br />
miamirana Bergh, 1875. Valdés & Gosliner (1999) synonymized under Ceratosoma Gray, 1850.<br />
Orodoris miamirana Bergh, 1875, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(8) 1875b: 199–203 [67–71], 227 [95], 231 [99], pl. 7, figs. 3<br />
(multiple), pl. 10, figs. 9–20. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.). Recognized by Valdés & Gosliner (1999: 37) as Ceratosoma<br />
miamirana (Bergh, 1875).<br />
Phestilla Bergh, 1874, as “Nov. Gen.“; JMG 3(6) 1874c: 91, 114. Type species by original designation (I.C.Z.N.<br />
1999 Art. 68.2.1.), Phestilla melanobrachia Bergh, 1874.<br />
Phestilla melanobrachia Bergh, 1874, as “n. sp.”; JMG 3(6) 1874c: 91–95, 114, pl. 2, figs. 1–14. Philippines<br />
(Semper, coll.).<br />
Phyllidia loricata Bergh, 1873, as “n. sp.”; JMG 1(2) 1873a: 138 [66], 144–147 [72–75]. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.).<br />
Accepted as valid species Phyllidiopsis loricata (Bergh, 1873) by Brunckhorst (1993: 68).<br />
Phyllidia rosans Bergh, 1873, as “n. sp.”; JMG 1(2) 1873a: 138 [66], 139–144 [67–72], 165 [93], 166 [94], pl. 9,<br />
figs. 1–4; pl. 10, figs. 1–18. Tahiti (Garrett, coll.). Misspelled as P. “rosacea” in the Zoological Record (Martens<br />
1875: 153). Accepted as valid species Phyllidiopsis rosans (Bergh, 1873) by Brunckhorst (1993: 56).<br />
Plakobranchus chlorophacus Bergh, 1873, as “n. sp.”; JMG 1(2) 1873a: 148–151 [76–79], 165–167 [93–95], pl.<br />
9, figs. 5, 6; pl. 10, figs. 22–25; pl. 11, figs. 3–6. Huahine, Society Islands (Garrett, coll.).<br />
Vaginulus australis Heynemann, 1876, as “n. sp.”; JMG 5(12): 159. Queensland, Australia (Dämel, coll.). Now<br />
placed in genus Atopos, Rathouisiidae.<br />
Patronyms for collectors and other museum personnel<br />
Most of the Museum-Godeffroy contributors and other personnel were honored in patronyms by the describers of<br />
new taxa from the museum collections. Some 35 new animal and plant names were introduced for Godeffroy alone<br />
(Scheps, 2005: 59). Among molluscan taxa, we find names such as Diplommatina godeffroyana Mousson, 1870;<br />
Neritina godeffroyana Mousson, 1869; Pecten schmeltzii Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt, 1888; Navicella schmeltziana<br />
Mousson, 1870; Nanina schmeltziana Mousson, 1865; Melania lutosa Gould var. graeffei Mousson, 1869; Patula<br />
graeffei Mousson, 1869; Phasianella graeffei Dunker, 1871; Onchidium daemeli Semper, 1882; and Melania<br />
kubaryi Brot, 1886; all first appearing as nomina nuda in the Catalog series (see numbers 1116a, 1356a, 1767,<br />
3200, 3213, 3233, 6590, 6622, 14462, 14738). Other such nomina nuda intended to honor persons affliated with<br />
the museum were apparently never validated (e.g., numbers 1328, 1833a, 3315, 3334, 6308, 9370).<br />
Type specimens from the Godeffroy collection<br />
As detailed as the published Catalogs are, they do not reflect the full scale and diversity of the Godeffroy museum<br />
holdings. They merely are lists of the “duplicates” (one of the three parts of the Godeffroy collection), representing<br />
extra specimens of large original series or subsequently recollected material deemed unnecessary for the formed<br />
scientific and display collections of the museum. While they certainly can be useful in reconstructing potential type<br />
series of nominal species based on “Godeffroy” material and present the only published link to species numbers<br />
used in the organization of the collections, the specimens originally included in the two formal collections and any<br />
series potentially retained by the describing specialists also need to be considered. No comprehensive effort has<br />
been made to locate all type specimens, but individual searches for types based on specimens in the Museum<br />
Godeffroy have been reported. Ladiges (1958) described the successful search for type specimens of fishes in the<br />
Hamburg Museum collection, a quest aided by the existence of original labels and notation of collection numbers,<br />
but complicated by the fact that not all zoological collections had been transferred to the Museum, that type<br />
specimens were not specifically marked, and that the wet-preserved specimens had been lost due to deterioration in<br />
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the insufficiently sealing glass-stoppered containers (and, to a lesser part, due to post-war alcohol theft). Most<br />
importantly, all of the museum’s accession catalogs were destroyed in 1943. Each taxon description will thus have<br />
to be evaluated individually to ascertain the identity of types and their current location. This task is further<br />
complicated by the facts that the sequential sales catalogs combine and restock specimens from various locales and<br />
collecting events under the same number, and that specimens with manuscript names were widely traded, directly<br />
or via third parties, often before their formal description appeared in print. Numerous museum collections around<br />
the world contain such “ex Museum Godeffroy” specimens and various nomina nuda and incorrectly assigned<br />
authors on their labels have found their way into published listings (e.g., Nevill 1884).<br />
TAXA NOTES<br />
1. Mousson wrote a series of papers on material from Graeffe, four of which (1869, 1870a, 1870b, 1871) were<br />
devoted to specific island groups. His 1869 paper, as shown in the title was devoted to mollusks of Samoa.<br />
Mousson (1869: 369) listed the species name Melania subexusta Mousson, under which he then listed “Var.<br />
persulcata Mousson” giving its locality as “Hab. Upolu.”<br />
Mousson described this variety, referring to it as “this species, which belongs to the fauna of the Viti islands<br />
whose diagnosis will be published in a forthcoming report devoted to the species of this archipelago, is found in<br />
Upolu, represented by some individuals”. In short, Mousson stated that a species of Melania from Fiji, which was<br />
to be described later, had a subspecies on Samoa which he described as M. persulcata Mousson, 1869. This action<br />
makes M. persulcata the nominotypical species.<br />
Mousson (1870b) finally described Melania subexusta from Ovalau [Fiji] with two subspecies, M. persulcata<br />
and M. albizonata Mousson, 1870. In the 1870 description of persulcata no mention is made of the earlier<br />
introduction of the name and there is no mention of Samoa, the only localities given being “Mango et Ovalau”. The<br />
1869 and 1870b descriptions are somewhat different and it will be left to Melania specialists to determine the status<br />
of these nomina. In any event, M. persulcata cannot be subordinate to M. subexusta.<br />
2. The name plumescens was never used as a species name in Modiola or Perna by Dunker. Clessin (1888: 129, pl.<br />
33, figs. 8–9) described Modiola tumescens, attributing it to “Dunker in schedis.” Lynge (1909: 131, pl. 2, figs.<br />
13–14) listed and figured “Modiola plumescens Dunk[er]”. Lynge’s reference for Dunker was “Museum<br />
Godeffroy, Catalog IV, 1868, p. 115” and he listed “Modiola tumescens Dunker (Clessin)” as a synonym. In the text<br />
Lynge stated that Clessin incorrectly used the name tumescens but there is no evidence for that statement as Clessin<br />
referenced only “Dunker in schedis.” The error may well have been in Catalog IV. The most recent treatment of<br />
this species is by Huber (2010: 123) as “Modiolus plumescens (Dunker, 1868)” which should have read Modiolus<br />
tumescens (Clessin, 1888).<br />
3. The genus group name Isselia first appeared in Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 104, 110. In a footnote on page 104 he wrote<br />
[translated] “the changes of names of the remaining rissoines marked by *) is based on communications from Mr.<br />
O. Semper in Altona.” In the same footnote it is stated that Rissoina mirabilis Dkr. [= Dunker] is the type of a new<br />
genus Isselia. As R. mirabilis Dunker is a nomen nudum, Isselia is invalid. It was treated by Weinkauff (1881: 67)<br />
who evidently recognized that Isselia had been validly used for a different genus since 1874 when he described<br />
Rissoina (Isseliella) mirabilis, attributing it to Dunker. For a modern treatment see Ponder (1985: 95).<br />
4. The name Nanina subcicercula first appeared as a nomen nudum in Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 91. No record of its use<br />
by Mousson has been located. It next appeared when its dentition was figured as Nanina subcircula [sic] Mousson<br />
by Binney (1875: 248, pl. 20, fig. 1). Garrett (1881: 362) treated Microcystis subcicercula Mousson with reference<br />
to Schmeltz and Binney (also with a citation by Pfeiffer that is a ‘name only’ listing). Garrett stated that he<br />
supposed the species had not been described and gave a description, attributing the name to Mousson. Binney’s use<br />
was included with a query in the synonymy of Hiona scalpta Garrett, 1884, a placement also used by Baker (1940:<br />
172).<br />
The most recent mention of the name located is in Brook (2010: 251) who cited it as Lamprocystis (Avarua)<br />
subcicercula (Garrett, 1881). Both Brook and Baker (1938: 74; 1940: 172) declared that Binney’s “radula figures<br />
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are not accurate enough for the identification of any species.” It is left to specialists to determine the status of<br />
ANSP specimen lot 74330, which consists of 7 dry and 17 alcohol-preserved specimens. The alcohol specimens<br />
are separately numbered as A8091A. Brook did not mention the latter number although the former is included<br />
under Lamprocystis (Avarua) subcicercula (Garrett, 1881) as “material”. The status of Binney’s Nanina subcircula<br />
is outside the scope of this paper and must also be left to specialists.<br />
Summary of new taxa<br />
Molluscan taxa dating from the Museum Godeffroy Sales Catalogs:<br />
Garrettia Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 100. Number 8541. Non Garrettia Paetel, 1873.<br />
Cerithiopsis angasi Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 108. Number 6882. An unnecessary<br />
replacement name, attributed to Semper, for Cerithiopsis clathratus Angas, 1871 which was supposedly<br />
preoccupied.<br />
Eulima contracta Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 108. Number 8711, attributed to Semper. A<br />
replacement name for Eulima inflexa Pease, 1868, which was incorrectly considered to be preoccupied.<br />
Columbella (Anachis) dora Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 126. Number 7215. A replacement<br />
name, attributed to Semper, for C. pumila Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier. However, it had earlier been<br />
replaced by Columbella regulus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1864.<br />
Turricula (Costellaria) emiliae Schmeltz, 1874[V]: 119. Number 8832. A replacement<br />
for Turricula plicatula Pease, 1868 non Brocchi, 1814. = Vexillum emiliae (Schmeltz, 1874). This appears to be<br />
the only name introduced by Schmeltz in the Catalogs that is currently considered valid.<br />
Molluscan names made available from <strong>article</strong>s in the Journal des Museum Godeffroy:<br />
Cerberilla Bergh, 1873<br />
Echinodoris Bergh, 1874<br />
Notodoris Bergh, 1875<br />
Orodoris Bergh, 1875<br />
Phestilla Bergh, 1874<br />
Cerberilla longicirrha Bergh, 1873<br />
Chromodoris (Goniodoris) albolineata Bergh, 1879<br />
Chromodoris albonotata Bergh, 1875<br />
Chromodoris camoena Bergh, 1879<br />
Chromodoris cantrainii Bergh, 1879<br />
Chromodoris citrina Bergh, 1874<br />
Chromodoris gloriosa Bergh, 1874<br />
Chromodoris lapinigensis Bergh, 1879<br />
Chromodoris luxuriosa Bergh, 1875<br />
Chromodoris pallescens Bergh, 1875<br />
Chromodoris pusilla Bergh, 1874<br />
Chromodoris thalassopora Bergh, 1879<br />
Cyerce nigra var. ocellata Bergh, 1873<br />
Doriopsis affinis Bergh, 1875<br />
Doriopsis gibbulosa Bergh, 1879<br />
Doriopsis herpetica Bergh, 1879<br />
Doriopsis maculigera Bergh, 1875<br />
Doriopsis nicobarica Bergh, 1879<br />
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Doriopsis pellucidae Bergh, 1879<br />
Doriopsis pudibunda Bergh, 1879<br />
Doriopsis semperi Bergh, 1875<br />
Doridopsis vidua Bergh, 1879<br />
Doris punctulifera Bergh, 1874<br />
Doris schmeltziana Bergh, 1875<br />
Doris tessellata Bergh, 1879<br />
Notodoris citrina Bergh, 1875<br />
Orodoris miamirana Bergh, 1875<br />
Phestilla melanobrachia Bergh, 1874<br />
Phyllidia rosans Bergh, 1873<br />
Phyllidia loricata Bergh, 1873<br />
Plakobranchus chlorophacus Bergh, 1873<br />
Vaginulus australis Heynemann, 1876<br />
It should be noted that the online version of the Zoological Record (Thompson Reuters, Accession no.<br />
ZOOR01200002053; accessed 16 May 2012) credits Bergh’s (1875b) publication with having introduced<br />
additional taxa that in fact do not appear in that paper. The discrepancies are based on incorrect abstracting of<br />
Eduard von Martens‘s (1876) <strong>article</strong> in the printed Zoological Record for 1875, in which he referred to Bergh’s<br />
publications in more than one journal.<br />
Acknowledgments<br />
The project began with an analysis of partial photocopies of Catalogs I–IX obtained by RB from the library of<br />
Hamburg’s Zoologisches Institut und Museum (ZIM) in the early 1980s. In 2007 Dr. Neal Evenhuis (Bishop<br />
Museum, Hawaii) kindly provided REP with copies of the Catalogs used in his own studies, and in 2008 Dr. Petra<br />
Sierwald (Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago) obtained the remaining parts from a copy in the<br />
entomological collections at ZIM with the help of Dr. Hieronymus Dastych. Dr. Anders Warén (Swedish Museum<br />
of Natural History, Stockholm) provided input on the gastropod family Eulimidae, Dr. Gary Rosenberg and Paul<br />
Callomon (Academy of Natural History, Philadelphia) helped with various nomina and queries about specimens in<br />
the ANSP collection, and Dr. Bernard Hausdorf (ZIM) shared information on the current status of Godeffroy<br />
specimens in the molluscan collection of the Zoologisches Museum in Hamburg and also kindly supplied copies of<br />
original Godeffroy labels. Permission to use photographs from earlier publications were granted by Dr. Thomas<br />
Kaiser (editor, Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut) and Ms. Catherine<br />
Weisel (Museum of Comparative Zoology). The final phase of the project was supported, in part, by National<br />
Science Foundation award DEB-0732854 to RB. BivAToL project illustrator Lisa Kanellos assisted with<br />
compilation of the historic illustrations. The work was greatly facilitated by Field Museum’s outstanding library<br />
resources and various on-line providers, first and foremost among them the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL)<br />
project. Two reviewers provided constructive input on the initial draft. Special thanks are due to reviewer Neal<br />
Evenhuis who pointed us to various additional data and resources, including the works by Anonymous (1873),<br />
Gurau (1949), and Starr (1892).<br />
References<br />
Abbott, R.T. (1960) The genus Strombus in the Indo-Pacific. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 1(2), 33–146.<br />
Abraham, P.S. (1877) Revision of the anthobranchiate nudibranchiate Mollusca, with descriptions or notices of forty-one<br />
hitherto undescribed species. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1877, 196–260,<br />
pls. 27–30. (August 1877)<br />
Adams, A. & Reeve, L. (1848–50) Mollusca. In: A. Adams, ed. The Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Samarang; under the<br />
command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, C.B., F.R.A.S., F.G.S. during the years 1843–1846. Reeve, Benham, and Reeve,<br />
MOLLUSCAN TAXA OF THE MUSEUM GODEFFROY OF HAMBURG<br />
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London. x + 87 pp., pls. 1–24. [Pt. I. i–x (by Adams only), 1–24, i–ii (plate explanations), pls. 1–9, 1 November 1848; Pt.<br />
II, 25–44, pls. 10–17, 27 April 1850; Pt. III, 45–87, pls. 18–24, 31 August 1850.]<br />
Adams, A. (1852) Catalogue of the species of Nassa, a genus of gasteropodous Mollusca, belonging to the family Buccinidae,<br />
in the collection of H. Cuming, Esq.: with the description of some new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of<br />
London, 1851, 94–114. (94–112, December 1852; 113–114, April 1853 [only page 105 cited herein])<br />
Adams, A. (1853) Contributions towards a monograph of the Trochidae, a family of gasteropodous Mollusca. Proceedings of<br />
the Zoological Society of London, 1851, 150–192. (January–June 1853)<br />
Adams, A. (1855) [descriptions of species] In: G. B. Sowerby, II, Monograph of the genus Cerithium. Thesaurus<br />
Conchyliorum, 2, 847–899, pls. 176–186.<br />
Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853–58) The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. John van<br />
Voorst, London. 2 vols. [1, 1–256, pls. 1–32 (1853); 1, 257–484, 2, 1–92, pls. 33–72 (1854); 2, 93–284, pls. 73–96 (1855);<br />
2, 285–412, pls. 97–112 (1856); 2, 413–540, pls. 113–128 (1857); 2, 541–660, pls. 129–138 (1858).]<br />
Adams, H. (1867) Descriptions of six new species of shells, and note on Opisthostoma de-crespignii. Proceedings of the<br />
Zoological Society of London, 1866, 445–447, pl. 38. (April 1867)<br />
Ancey, C.F. (1889) Description de mollusques nouveaux. Le Naturaliste, ser. 2, 3, 205.<br />
Angas, G.F. (1870) Descriptions of eight new species of Helicidae from the Western Pacific Islands. Proceedings of the<br />
Zoological Society of London, 1869, 624–626, pl. 48. (April 1870)<br />
Angas, G.F. (1871) Description of thirty-four new species of shells from Australia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of<br />
London, 1871, 13–21, pl. 1. (June)<br />
Anonymous (1873) Journal des Museum Godeffroy. Part I. The Academy, 4(64), 32. (15 January)<br />
Anonymous (1874) Journal des Museum Godeffroy [review of Hefte I–VI]. Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen, 1(46), 1455–1463.<br />
[18 November]<br />
Anonymous (1880) The Godeffroy Museum of Hamburg. The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and<br />
Ireland, 9, 462–464 [adopted from an <strong>article</strong> in Hamburg’s leading newspaper, Hamburgischer Correspondent, no. 292, of<br />
9 December 1879]<br />
Anton, H.E. (1838) Verzeichniss der Conchylien welche sich in der Sammlung von Hermann Eduard Anton befinden. Eduard<br />
Anton, Halle. xvi + 110 pp. [Imprinted 1839 but published in 1838. See Cernohorsky 1978, The Veliger, 20(3), 299.]<br />
Baker, H.B. (1938) Zonitid snails from Pacific islands—Part I. 1. Southern genera of Microcystinae. Bernice P. Bishop Museum<br />
Bulletin, 158, 1–102, pls. 1–20.<br />
Baker, H.B. (1940) Zonitid snails from Pacific islands—Part 2. 2. Hawaiian genera of Microcystinae. Bernice P. Bishop<br />
Museum Bulletin, 165, 103–201, pls. 21–42.<br />
Baker, H.B. (1941) Zonitid snails from Pacific islands—Part 3. 3. Genera other than Microcystinae. Bernice P. Bishop Museum<br />
Bulletin, 166, 202–346, pls. 43–65.<br />
Bauer, A.M. & Watkins-Colwell, G.J. (2001) On the origin of the types of Hypsilurus godeffroyi (Reptilia: Squamata:<br />
Agamidae) and early German contributions to the herpetology of Palau. Micronesica, 34(1), 73–84.<br />
Bergh, R. (1870–78) Malacologische Untersuchungen. In Semper, C., Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen. Zweiter Theil.<br />
Wissenschaftliche Resultate, 2 [1], (1) 1–30 [sic], pls. 1–8 (20 Feb. 1870); (2) 49–118 [sic], pls. 9–16 (10 Jul. 1871); (3)<br />
137–176, pls. 17–20 (8 May 1872); (4) 177–204, pls. 21–24 (15 Dec. 1872); (5) 213–246, pls. 25–31 (25 Oct. 1873 [Bergh<br />
1873b herein]); (6) 205–212, 247–286, pls. 32, 34, 35 (10 June 1874 [Bergh 1874a herein]); (7) 287–314, pls. 33, 36, 39<br />
(21 Sep. 1874 [Bergh 1874b herein]); (8) 315–344, pls. 40–44 (10 Mar. 1875 [Bergh 1875a herein]); (9) 345–376, pls.<br />
45–49 (30 Sep. 1875 [Bergh 1875c herein]); 2 [2], (10) 377–428, pls. 50–53 (4 May 1876); (11) 429–494, pls. 54–57 (28<br />
Apr. 1877 [Bergh 1877c herein]); (12) 495–546, pls. 58–61 (15 Dec. 1877 [Bergh 1877d herein]); (13) 547–602, pls.<br />
62–65 (8 Jul. 1878 [Bergh 1878a herein]); (14) 603–645, i–li, pls. 66–68 (23 Dec. 1878 [Bergh 1878b herein]). C. W.<br />
Kreidel, Wiesbaden. Dates after Winckworth (1946) and Johnson (1969).<br />
Bergh, R. (1873a) Neue Nacktschnecken der Südsee, malacologische Untersuchungen [I. Phyllidiadae]. Journal des Museum<br />
Godeffroy, 1(2), 137–168 [65–96], pls. 9–12. A separate was issued with pp. 1–32. (May)<br />
Bergh, R. (1873b), see Bergh (1870–1878).<br />
Bergh, R. (1874a, b), see Bergh (1870–1878).<br />
Bergh, R. (1874c) Neue Nacktschnecken der Südsee, malacologische Untersuchungen [II. Aeolidiadae, Bornellidae]. Journal<br />
des Museum Godeffroy, 3(6), 91–116, pls. 1–4. A separate was issued with pp. 1–26. [between 1 October and 18<br />
November]<br />
Bergh, R. (1875a, c), see Bergh (1870–1878).<br />
Bergh, R. (1875b) Neue Nacktschnecken der Südsee, malacologische Untersuchungen [III. Miamira Bgh, Nov. Gen.]. Journal<br />
des Museum Godeffroy, 3(8), 185–232 [53–100], pls. 7–11. A separate was issued with pp. 1–48. [before 17 September]<br />
Bergh, R. (1876), see Bergh (1870–1878).<br />
Bergh, R. (1877a) Kritische Untersuchungen der Ehrenberg’schen Doriden. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Malakozoologischen<br />
Gesellschaft, 4(1), 45–76. [Stated date (Heft cover): 1 January; listed as received by Kobelt (1877a: 46; May 1877).<br />
Incorrectly determined as having been published in December by Valdés (2002: 565), who considered it a later publication<br />
than part 12 of Bergh’s Malakologische Untersuchungen of December 15; the resulting priority assumptions affecting the<br />
type species of Discodoris need to be revisited].<br />
Bergh, R. (1877c, d), see Bergh (1870–1878).<br />
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Bergh, R. (1877b) Ueber das Geschlecht Asteronotus, Ehrbh. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft,<br />
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About the authors<br />
Rüdiger Bieler is Curator of Invertebrates at the Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago), a faculty member of<br />
University of Chicago’s Committee on Evolutionary Biology, and an adjunct scientist with Mote Marine<br />
Laboratory’s Center for Coral Reef Research in Florida. Born and trained in Hamburg, Germany, he has held<br />
academic research positions at the Delaware Museum of Natural History (Wilmington) and at the Field Museum,<br />
and served as a scientific administrator in both institutions. He had research associate appointments with the<br />
American Museum of Natural History (New York), the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard University,<br />
Cambridge), and the National Museum of Natural History (Washington, DC), is past-president of Unitas<br />
Malacologica (International Society of Malacology) and of the American Malacological Society, and serves as<br />
editor for several scientific journals. Maintaining active field programs in the Caribbean and the Indo-Pacific, he<br />
focuses on the phylogenetic systematics of marine gastropods and bivalves, and has a long-standing interest in the<br />
management and history of collections-holding institutions.<br />
Richard E. Petit has been an active amateur malacologist and paleontologist for many years. His particular interests<br />
are in the gastropod superfamily Cancellarioidea and the molluscan literature. In connection with this hobby he has<br />
visited most major American museums, The Natural History Museum (London), the Royal Scottish Museum<br />
(Edinburgh), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris), Naturhistorisches Museum (Basel), National Science<br />
Museum (Tokyo & Ibaraki), and others. He is a Past-President of the American Malacological Society, Inc., and<br />
was made an Honorary Life Member in 1997. He is a research associate of the Field Museum of Natural History<br />
(Chicago) and has served as a Trustee of the Paleontological Research Institution (Ithaca, New York) of which he is<br />
a Life Member. His publication record includes over 100 papers in various journals.<br />
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