FOLIICOLOUS LICHENS OF THE WORLD - The Field Museum
FOLIICOLOUS LICHENS OF THE WORLD - The Field Museum
FOLIICOLOUS LICHENS OF THE WORLD - The Field Museum
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Guide for Beginners <strong>FOLIICOLOUS</strong> <strong>LICHENS</strong> <strong>OF</strong> <strong>THE</strong> <strong>WORLD</strong><br />
Part 1: Genera and selected species I (Introduction)<br />
by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres, Department of Botany, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago<br />
Photos by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres. Produced by: R. Lücking, M. Giblin & R. B. Foster, with support from the Andrew Mellon Foundation.<br />
© Robert Lücking and Environmental & Conservation Programs, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. Rapid Color Guide #130, version 1.0. 2002<br />
Tropical rainforest as habitat for foliicolous lichens<br />
(Kaieteur National Park, Guyana)<br />
Foliicolous lichens on leaves of Bignoniaceae<br />
(Saül, French Guiana)<br />
Few know that tropical lichen diversity surpasses that of temperate areas, and that lichens play an important role in tropical<br />
rainforest ecology, being involved in water and nutrient cycling. Foliicolous lichens, which grow on the surface of living<br />
leaves of vascular plants, are the most untypical lichens, since they are largely confined to tropical rainforest. More than<br />
800 species are known in the world, and this guide gives an overview over genera and selected species. <strong>The</strong> leaf surfaces<br />
host many other organisms, including bryophytes, algae, fungi, bacteria, protists, and invertebrates. Together they are<br />
known as 'epiphylls', and their habitat as 'phyllosphere'.<br />
Foliicolous lichen mimicry by the treefrog Hyla rufitela and the katydid Rosophyllum colosseum<br />
(La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica; photo on right by Andrea Bernecker)<br />
WEB VERSION
<strong>FOLIICOLOUS</strong> <strong>LICHENS</strong> <strong>OF</strong> <strong>THE</strong> <strong>WORLD</strong><br />
WEB VERSION<br />
Part 1: Genera and selected species II (Arthoniales, Dothideales, Verrucariales)<br />
by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres, Department of Botany, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago<br />
Photos by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres. Produced by: R. Lücking, M. Giblin & R. B. Foster, with support from the Andrew Mellon Foundation.<br />
© Robert Lücking and Environmental & Conservation Programs, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. Rapid Color Guide #130, version 1.0. 2002<br />
Arthonia cyanea Arthonia orbygniae Eremothecella cingulata Eremothecella calamicola<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia) (pycnidia)<br />
Amazonomyces sprucei Amazonomyces farkasiae Cryptothecia candida Cryptothecia effusa<br />
(apothecia) (pycnidia) (apothecia) (apothecia)<br />
Mazosia rotula Enterographa angustissima Opegrapha filicina Opegrapha serusiauxii<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia) (goniocystangia)<br />
Microtheliopsis uleana Lyromma dolicobelum Macentina perminuta Psoroglaena epiphylla<br />
(apothecia) (pycnidia) (perithecia) (thallus)<br />
Pocsia marattiae Pocsia borhidii Phylloblastia amazonica Phylloblastia dolichospora<br />
(perithecia) (isidia) (perithecia) (isidia)
<strong>FOLIICOLOUS</strong> <strong>LICHENS</strong> <strong>OF</strong> <strong>THE</strong> <strong>WORLD</strong><br />
WEB VERSION<br />
Part 1: Genera and selected species III (Pyrenulales, Trichotheliales)<br />
by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres, Department of Botany, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago<br />
Photos by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres. Produced by: R. Lücking, M. Giblin & R. B. Foster, with support from the Andrew Mellon Foundation.<br />
© Robert Lücking and Environmental & Conservation Programs, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. Rapid Colour Guide #130, version 1.0. 2002<br />
Aspidothelium scutellicarpum Aspidothelium geminiparum Anisomeridium musaesporoides Anisomeridium foliicola<br />
(perithecia) (perithecia) (perithecia) (pycnidia)<br />
Caprettia tanzanica Caprettia amazonensis Musaespora kalbii Musaespora coccinea<br />
(perithecia) (pycnidia) (perithecia) (campylidia)<br />
Strigula macrocarpa Strigula nemathora Strigula phyllogena Phyllocratera papuana<br />
(perithecia) (perithecia) (perithecia) (perithecia)<br />
Flavobathelium epiphyllum Phyllobathelium firmum Phyllobathelium leguminosae Trichothelium argenteum<br />
(perithecia) (perithecia) (pycnidia) (perithecia)<br />
Porina deremensis Porina limbulata Porina lucida Porina alba ("Phyllophiale")<br />
(perithecia) (perithecia) (perithecia) (isidia)
<strong>FOLIICOLOUS</strong> <strong>LICHENS</strong> <strong>OF</strong> <strong>THE</strong> <strong>WORLD</strong><br />
Part 1: Genera and selected species IV (Ostropales, Gyalectales)<br />
by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres, Department of Botany, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago<br />
WEB VERSION<br />
Photos by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres. Produced by: R. Lücking, M. Giblin & R. B. Foster, with support from the Andrew Mellon Foundation.<br />
© Robert Lücking and Environmental & Conservation Programs, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. Rapid Color Guide #130, Version 1.0. 2002<br />
Gyalidea phyllophila Psorotheciopsis guajalitensis Asterothyrium rondoniense Gyalideopsis vulgaris<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia)<br />
Hippocrepidea nigra Aderkomyces albostrigosus Aderkomyces dilatatus Tricharia longispora<br />
(apothecia and hyphophores) (apothecium and setae) (hyphophore) (apothecium and setae)<br />
Echinoplaca epiphylla Calenia dictyospora Gyalectidium caucasicum Gyalectidium filicinum<br />
(apothecia and setae) (apothecia) (apothecia) (hyphophores)<br />
Aulaxina submuralis Paratricharia paradoxa Chroodiscus coccineus Chroodiscus mirificus<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia and setae) (apothecia) (isidia)<br />
Phaeographis inconspicua Coenogonium interpositum Coenogonium siquirrensis Semigyalecta paradoxa<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia)
<strong>FOLIICOLOUS</strong> <strong>LICHENS</strong> <strong>OF</strong> <strong>THE</strong> <strong>WORLD</strong><br />
Part 1: Genera and selected species V (Lecanorales I)<br />
by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres, Department of Botany, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago<br />
WEB VERSION<br />
Photos by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres. Produced by: R. Lücking, M. Giblin & R. B. Foster, with support from the Andrew Mellon Foundation.<br />
© Robert Lücking and Environmental & Conservation Programs, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. Rapid Color Guide #130, version 1.0. 2002<br />
Coccocarpia stellata Parmeliella nigrocincta Podotara pilophoriformis Fuscidea fulva<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia)<br />
Bacidina apiahica Bacidina pseudohyphophorifera Szczawinskia tsugae Malcolmiella rhodopsis<br />
(apothecia) (pycnidia) (pycnidia) (apothecia)<br />
Fellhanera paradoxa Fellhanera badimioides Brasilicia brasiliensis Bapalmuia lineata<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia)<br />
Byssoloma leucoblepharum Byssoloma fadenii Byssolecania variabilis Eugeniella psychotriae<br />
(apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia) (apothecia)<br />
Baflavia flavescens Baflavia flavescens Badimia dimidiata Badimia galbinea<br />
(apothecia) (campylidia) (apothecia) (campylidia)
<strong>FOLIICOLOUS</strong> <strong>LICHENS</strong> <strong>OF</strong> <strong>THE</strong> <strong>WORLD</strong><br />
Part 1: Genera and selected species VI (Lecanorales II, Stereales)<br />
by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres, Department of Botany, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago<br />
WEB VERSION<br />
Photos by: Robert Lücking & Marcela Cáceres. Produced by: R. Lücking, M. Giblin & R. B. Foster, with support from the Andrew Mellon Foundation.<br />
© Robert Lücking and Environmental & Conservation Programs, <strong>The</strong> <strong>Field</strong> <strong>Museum</strong>, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. Rapid Color Guide #130, version 1.0. 2002<br />
Pseudocalopadia mira Pseudocalopadia mira Badimiella pteridophila Barubria fuscorubra<br />
(apothecia) (campylidia) (campylidia) (campylidia)<br />
Calopadia lucida Calopadia puiggarii Tapellaria epiphylla Tapellariopsis octomera<br />
(apothecia) (campylidia) (apothecia) (campylidia)<br />
Lasioloma arachnoideum Lasioloma trichophorum Sporopodium flavescens Sporopodium antonianum<br />
(apothecia) (campylidia) (apothecia and campylidia) (campylidia)<br />
Loflammia epiphylla Loflammia epiphylla Logilvia gilva Logilvia gilva<br />
(apothecia) (campylidia) (apothecia) (apothecia and campylidia)<br />
Loflammiopsis brasiliensis Loflammiopsis brasiliensis Kantvilasia hians Dictyonema phyllogenum<br />
(apothecia) (campylidia) (apothecia) (thallus)