Check-list of interstitial polychaetes from intertidal and shallow ...

Check‐list of interstitial polychaetes from intertidal and 

shallow subtidal soft bottoms of Tenerife, Canary Islands 

RODRIGO RIERA, JORGE NÚÑEZ & MARÍA DEL CARMEN BRITO 

Riera, R., J. Núñez & M.C. Brito 2010. Check-list of interstitial polychaetes from 

intertidal and shallow subtidal soft bottoms of Tenerife, Canary Islands. 

Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences 27: 21-39. 

A check-list of polychaete species from two stations on the south coast of Tenerife (Los 

Abrigos and Los Cristianos) at two different tidal levels, intertidal and shallow subtidal (3 

m depth) is presented. A total of 47 species were collected, the hesionid Microphthalmus 

pseudoaberrans Campoy & Viéitez, 1982 and the spionids Rhynchospio glutaea (Ehlers, 

1897) and Spio filicornis (O.F. Müller, 1776) being the most abundant. With 18 species the 

family Syllidae is the most diverse, followed by the Spionidae and Paraonidae with 6 and 5 

species, respectively. The interstitial polychaetes found are represented by both meiofaunalsized 

and small-sized macrofaunal species. 

Key words: carbonates, ecology, granulometry, organic matter, Polychaeta, sand 

Rodrigo Riera (e-mail: rodrigo@cimacanarias.com), Centro de Investigaciones Medioambientales 

del Atlántico (CIMA SL), Arzobispo Elías Yanes, 44, ES-38206 La Laguna, 

Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; Jorge Núñez & María del Carmen Brito, Benthos Lab, 

Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of La Laguna, ES-38206 La 

Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. 

INTRODUCTION 

In spite of the abrupt and hilly coastal 

morphology in the Canarian archipelago, the 

presence of volcanic and organogenic sandy 

beaches is frequent. The most extensive beaches 

are located in the western islands (Lanzarote and 

Fuerteventura). In contrast, beaches are smaller 

and scarcer in the eastern islands, particularly in 

La Gomera and El Hierro. This study is focussed 

on the interstitial polychaetes of two beaches of 

Tenerife that forms together with Gran Canaria 

the central block of the Canarian archipelago. The 

former two islands are the most inhabited and 

thus affected by tourism, for example with the 

presence of artificial modifications of the littoral 

(harbours, docks, coastal avenues, etc.). The 

south coast of Tenerife is modified in most of its 

extension, with several artificial beaches and 

dikes. These beaches are composed of sands from 

dredged material. 

This study represents the first characterization of 

the interstitial polychaete fauna from the Canary 

Islands, with special emphasis on the diversity of 

coastal habitats like. The present check-list is not 

limited only to meiofaunal polychaetes, since 

animals belonging to macrofaunal-sized species 

were also present (e.g. Capitomastus minimus, 

among others). 

MATERIAL AND METHODS 

Two sandy beaches were sampled, Los Abrigos 

(SE Tenerife) and Los Cristianos (SW Tenerife) 

(Fig. 1). Los Abrigos beach is characterized by 

volcanic sands with a low content of carbonates, 

whilst in Los Cristianos beach organogenic sands 

are present with a high content of carbonates 

(Riera 2004). 

Samples from Los Abrigos and Los Cristianos 

were collected in the intertidal at mean low tide 

21

level and shallow subtidal (3 m depth) by means 

of PVC cores to a sediment depth of 30 cm 

(475 cm 3 ). Replicates were collected for faunistic 

analysis and for abiotic factors (granulometry, 

organic matter and carbonates). Samples were 

fixed and preserved in 4% neutralized formalinseawater 

solution. Thereafter, samples were 

sieved through a 63 µm mesh and then transferred 

to 70% ethanol. Several whole specimens were 

mounted in jelly glycerine; examination was 

made by means of a compound microscope 

provided with differential interference contrast 

optics (Nomarski). 

The studied material is deposited in the 

collections of the Department of Animal Biology 

(Zoology) of the University of La Laguna, Canary 

Islands. Systematics adopted in the present study 

followed Rouse & Fauchald (1997) proposal. 

Fig. 1. Map of the investigated areas showing the location of sampling stations: CI and CS, 

Los Cristianos intertidal and subtidal; AI and AS, Los Abrigos intertidal and subtidal samples. 

22

RESULTS 

SPECIES CHECK-LIST 

FAMILY CAPITELLIDAE Grube, 1862 

Capitomastus Eisig, 1887 

Capitomastus minimus (Langerhans, 1880) 

Capitella minimus Langerhans 1880: 299, figs. 4, 

12. 

Capitomastus minimus: Hartmann-Schröder 

1971: 396, fig. 140a-c. 

Material examined: Los Abrigos beach: subtidal, 

13 specimens; Los Cristianos beach: subtidal, 4 

specimens. 

Ecology: Los Abrigos subtidal: in well sorted fine 

sands with 0.77% organic matter and 9.57% 

carbonates. Los Cristianos subtidal: in well sorted 

fine sands with 0.02% organic matter and 22.56% 

carbonates. Canary Islands: in seagrass meadows 

(5-18 m depth) (Brito 2002), being a dominant 

species. Mediterranean Sea: more frequent in 

subtidal soft-bottoms (Capaccioni 1987), 

although also present on hard substrates (Sardá 

1985; Alós 1988). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Rullier & Amoreux 

1970). Mediterranean (Desbrúyeres et al. 1972). 

Red Sea (Ben-Eliahu 1976). Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote, Tenerife (Brito 2002). 

Notomastus Sars, 1851 

Notomastus latericeus Sars, 1851 

Notomastus latericeus: Fauvel 1927: 143, fig. 49 

a-h. 


1 specimen. 

Ecology: Los Abrigos subtidal: in well sorted 

medium sands with 1.68% organic matter and 

3.08% carbonates. Canary Islands: in seagrass 

meadows (8-14 m depth), as a non-dominant and 

solely in subtidal soft-bottoms (Brito 2002). 

Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in subtidal soft 

bottoms (Bellan 1964) and hard substrates (Sardá 

1984). In deep sediments at depths of 4.000 m 

(Amoreux 1971) and can be considered to be 

euryhaline (Viéitez 1976). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan of cold and warm 

waters (Rullier & Amoureux 1970; Desbrúyeres 

et al. 1972; Ben-Eliahu 1976). Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria and 

Tenerife (Langerhans 1884; Núñez et al. 1984). 

FAMILY OPHELIIDAE Malmgren, 1867 

Ophelia Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 

Ophelia bicornis Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 

Ophelia bicornis: Fauvel 1927: 130, fig. 46 a, f. 


1 specimen. 


medium sands with 1.68% organic matter and 

3.08% carbonates. Canary Islands: in Cymodocea 

seagrass meadows at 14 m depth (Brito 2002). 

Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in intertidal and 

subtidal soft bottoms, more abundant in coarse 

sands (Junoy 1988). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Rioja 1917). 

Mediterranean (Bellan 1964). Canary Islands: 

Tenerife (Brito 2002). 

Pararicia Solís-Weiss & Fauchald, 1989 

Pararicia sp. 

Material examined: Los Cristianos beach: 

subtidal, 2 specimens. 

Ecology: Los Cristianos subtidal: in well sorted 

fine sands with 0.71-0.86% organic matter and 

24.27-26.84%.carbonates 

Distribution: First record of this genus for the 

Canary Islands (Tenerife). 

FAMILY ORBINIIDAE Hartman, 1942 

Schroederella Laubier, 1962 

Schroederella laubieri Badalamenti & Castelli, 

1991 

Schroederella laubieri Badalamenti & Castelli, 

1991: 218, figs. 1, 2 a-f. 

23

Material examined: Los Abrigos beach: intertidal, 

1 specimen; subtidal, 27 specimens; Los Cristianos 

beach: subtidal, 27 specimens. 

Ecology: Los Abrigos: in well sorted fine and 

medium sands with 0.50-1.33% organic matter 

and 1.54-5.30% carbonates. Los Cristianos: in 

well sorted fine sands, with 0.006-0.86% organic 

matter and 24.27-25.30% carbonates. Canary 

Islands: in shallow subtidal soft-bottoms at depths 

between 5 and 15 m (Brito 2002). Mediterranean 

Sea: in subtidal coarse sand bottoms and 

Cymodocea nodosa meadows (Badalamenti & 

Castelli 1991). 

Distribution: Mediterranean (Badalamenti & 

Castelli 1991). Atlantic Ocean, Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and Tenerife (Brito 

2002). 

Scoloplos Blainville, 1828 

Scoloplos armiger (O.F. Müller, 1776) 

Scoloplos armiger: Fauvel 1927: 20-21, fig.6 k-q. 


2 specimens; Los Cristianos beach: subtidal, 4 

specimens. 

Ecology: Los Abrigos subtidal, in well sorted fine 

sands, with 0.50% organic matter and 1.54% 

carbonates. Los Cristianos subtidal, in well sorted 

fine sands, with 0.73%. organic matter and 

24.96% carbonates. Atlantic-Mediterranean 

region: in soft-bottoms, being more abundant in 

medium sand bottoms and can be considered to 

be stenobathic (Moreira 1999). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (Intes & Le Loeuff 

1977). First record of this species for the Canary 

Islands (Tenerife). 

FAMILY PARAONIDAE Cerruti, 1909 

Acmira (Hartley, 1981) 

Aricidea (Acmira) assimilis Tebble, 1959 

Aricidea (Acesta) assimilis: Strelzov 1979: 108, 

figs. 7, 16, 39. 


subtidal, 1 specimen. 


fine sands, with 0.73% organic matter content and 

24.96% carbonates. Canary Islands: it can reach 

high abundances in Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, 

being dominant along the year (Brito 2002). 

Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in soft-bottoms, 

from shallow subtidal to 1.000 metres depth 

(Strelzov 1979). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Day 1961; Strelzov 

1979). Mediterranean (Campoy 1982). East 

Pacific (Hobson & Banse 1981). Canary Islands: 


Aricidea (Acmira) catherinae Laubier, 1967 

Aricidea (Acmira) catherinae: Gaston 1984: 56, 

fig. 2-43; Montiel, Hilbig & Rozbaczylo 2002: 

136, fig. 2 e-g. 


2 specimens. 

Ecology: Los Abrigos: in well sorted fine sands, 

with 0.54% organic matter and 5.98% carbonates. 

Canary Islands: in subtidal soft-bottoms (Brito 

2002). Altantic-Mediterranean region: in subtidal 

soft-bottoms, being euribathic (Gaston 1984) and 

eurihaline (Capaccioni 1987). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (Pettibone 1963; 

Campoy 1982). East Pacific (Hartman 1963). 

Mediterranean (Desbrúyeres et al. 1972). Canary 

Islands (Tenerife) (Brito 2002). 

Cirrophorus Ehlers, 1908 

Cirrophorus armatus (Glémarec, 1966) 

Cirrophorus armatus: Strelzov 1968: 131, fig. 47 

a-e; Hartmann-Schröder 1996: 383, fig. 180. 



Ecology: Los Cristianos, in well sorted fine 


carbonates. 

Canary Islands: in bare soft-bottoms and 

Cymodocea nodosa meadows (Brito 2002). 

Mediterranean sea: in muddy and sandy seabeds 

(Capaccioni 1987). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Glémarec 1966). 

Mediterranean (Harmelin 1969). Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and Tenerife (Brito 

2002). 

24

Cirrophorus furcatus Hartman, 1957 

Cirrophorus furcatus: Strelkov 1979: 140, figs. 

18.5, 50a-e. 


6 specimens. 



carbonates. Mediterranean sea: in soft-bottoms 

with diverse granulometry (Desbrúyeres et al. 

1972). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Laubier & Ramos 

1973). Mediterranean (Desbrúyeres et al. 1972). 

East Pacific (Hartman 1969). Canary Islands: 

Tenerife. First record of this species in the Canary 

Islands. 

Cirrophorus perdidoensis McLelland & Gaston, 

1994 

Cirrophorus perdidoensis: McLelland & Gaston 

1994: 525, fig. 1 a-e. 


1 specimen. 


medium sands, with 1.68% organic matter and 

3.08% carbonates. Canary Islands: in softbottoms, 

being constant along the year (Brito 

2002). Eastern Atlantic Ocean: in shallow 

subtidal soft-bottoms (McLellan & Gaston 1994). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (McLelland & 

Gaston 1994; Brito 2002). Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Tenerife and La Palma. 

Levinsenia Mesnil, 1897 

Levinsenia canariensis (Brito & Núñez, 2002) 

Periquesta canariensis Brito & Núñez, 2002: 

284, figs. 2-3. 

Levinsenia canariensis: Giere et al. 2008: 312, 

fig. 3 A-C. 


3 specimens; subtidal, 71 specimens. 

Ecology: Los Abrigos intertidal: well sorted 


4.44% carbonates. Los Abrigos subtidal: in well 

sorted fine sands, with 1.54% organic matter and 

6.84% carbonates. Canary Islands: in bare softbottoms 

and Cymodocea nodosa meadows, being 

more abundant during summer (Brito 2002). 

Distribution: Selvagens Islands (Núñez et al. 

2001; Brito & Núñez 2002). Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote, Gran Canaria, Tenerife and El Hierro. 

FAMILY SABELLIDAE Malmgren, 1867 

Desdemona Banse, 1957 

Desdemona sp. 


2 specimens. 

Ecology: Los Abrigos intertidal: in well sorted 

medium sands, with 1.33-1.62% organic matter 

and 5.47-5.64%.carbonates. 



Novafabricia Fitzhugh, 1990 

Novafabricia sp. 


1 specimen. 



5.47% carbonates. 



FAMILY SPIONIDAE Grube, 1850 

Dispio Hartman, 1951 

Dispio uncinata Hartman, 1951 

Dispio uncinata Hartman 1951: 87, fig. 22, figs. 

1-5. fig. 23, figs. 1-4; 


1 specimen, subtidal, 5 specimens; Cristianos: 

intertidal, 1 specimen, subtidal, 1 specimen. 


medium sands, with 1.33% organic matter content 

and 5.30% carbonates. Los Abrigos subtidal: in 

well sorted medium sands, with 1.31-1.54% 

organic matter and 5.13-6.84% carbonates. Los 

Cristianos intertidal, in well sorted fine sands, 

with 0.93% organic matter and 23.59% 


fine sands, with 0.86% organic matter and 

25

24.27% carbonates. Canary Islands: in bare softbottoms 

and Cymodocea nodosa meadows, more 

abundant in intertidal and shallow seabeds (Brito 

2002). Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in sandy 

bottoms, from the intertidal to 100 m depth 

(Bellan 1969; Ibáñez & Viéitez 1973). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (Hartman 1969; 

Ibáñez & Viéitez 1973; Uebelacker 1984). 

Canary Islands: Tenerife and La Palma (Brito 

2002). 

Pseudopolydora Czerniavksky, 1881 

Pseudopolydora sp. 


intertidal, 1 specimen. 

Ecology: Los Cristianos intertidal, it was 

collected in well sorted fine sands. The organic 

matter content was 0.86% and 24.27% of 

carbonates. 



Rhynchospio Hartman, 1936 

Rhynchospio glutaea (Ehlers, 1897) 

Rhynchospio glutaea: Imajima 1991: 10, fig.4a-q. 


8 specimens; subtidal, 74 specimens; Los 

Cristianos beach: intertidal, 21 specimens, 




and 5.81% carbonates. Los Abrigos subtidal: in 

well sorted medium sands, with 0.67-0.91% 


Cristianos intertidal, in well sorted fine sands, 

with 0.006% to 0.29%, organic matter and 15.78- 

18.97% carbonates. Los Cristianos subtidal: in 



Islands: in Cymodocea nodosa meadows at 6 m 

depth (Brito 2002). East Atlantic Ocean: in 

sponges and laminarians (Blake et al. 1996). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (Day, 1967; Carrasco, 

1974; Blake, 1983). Canary Islands: Fuerteventura 

and Tenerife (Brito 2002). 

Scolelepis Blainville, 1828 

Scolelepis (Scolelepis) squamata (O.F. Müller, 

1806) 

Scolelepis squamata: Day, 1967: 483, fig. 18.7 

c-h. 


4 specimens; Los Cristianos beach: intertidal, 16 

specimens, subtidal, 1 specimen. 



and 3.56-5.81% carbonates. Los Cristianos 

intertidal: in well sorted medium sands, with 

0.006-0.93% organic matter and 17.89-18.29% 


fine sands, with 0.73% organic matter content and 

24.96% carbonates. Canary Islands: in subtidal 

soft-bottoms (Herrando-Pérez et al. 2001). 

Atlantic Ocean: in sandy soft-bottoms at a depth 

of 25 metres (Maciolek 1987). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan of warm and tropical 

waters (Day 1973; Maciolek 1983; Parapar 1991). 

Canary Islands: Tenerife and La Gomera 

(Herrando et al. 2001). 

Spio Fabricius, 1785 

Spio decoratus Bobretzky, 1870 

Spio decoratus: Dauvin 1989: 167, fig. 1; Parapar 

1991: 156, fig. 44 c. 


1 specimen. 



and 3.08% carbonates. Canary Islands: in bare 

soft-bottoms and Cymodocea nodosa meadows, at 

depths between 8 and 13 m (Brito 2002). 

Altantic-Mediterranean region: between hard 

substrates and sandy bottoms (Bellan 1971), more 

abundant in muddy and muddy sand bottoms with 

a low organic matter content (Capaccioni 1987), 

and harbour areas (Tena 1992). 

Distribution: Atlantic (López-Jamar 1978). 

Mediterranean (San Martín & Alvarado 1982). 

Canary Islands: Gran Canaria, Tenerife and La 

Gomera (Brito 2002; Herrando et al. 2001). 

26

Spio filicornis (O.F. Müller, 1766) 

Spio filicornis: Fauvel 1927: 43; fig. 15 a-g; Day 

1967: 481, fig. 18.6 l-o. 


5 specimens, subtidal, 334 specimens; Los 

Cristianos beach: intertidal, 17 specimens, 




and 3.26-4.44% carbonates. Los Abrigos subtidal: 

in well sorted medium sands, with 0.76-0.91% 


Cristianos intertidal: in well sorted fine sands, 

with 0.76-1.24% organic matter and 19.87- 




Islands: in bare soft bottoms and Cymodocea 

nodosa meadows, at 5-10 m depth (Brito 2002). 

Eastern Atlantic Ocean: higher densities in the 

subtidal (Parapar 1991). Western Atlantic: at 

depths of 70 m (Maciolek 1990). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (Maciolek 1990; 

Parapar 1991). Western Pacific (Day 1967). 

Canary Islands: Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria and 


FAMILY CIRRATULIDAE Carus, 1863 

Cauleriella Chamberlin, 1919 

Cauleriella bioculata (Keferstein, 1862) 

Cauleriella bioculata: Hartmann-Schröder 1971: 

355. 


1 specimen. 



5.13% carbonates. Canary Islands: in Cymodocea 

nodosa meadows at 15 m depth (Brito 2002) and 

as a component of the enbobiontic fauna of 

sponges (Pascual 1996). Atlantic-Mediterranean 

region: in hard substrates (Sardá 1982); 

considered to be eurihaline (Rullier 1972). 

Distribution: Eastern Atlantic (Langerhans 1881), 

Mediterranean (Alós et al. 1982). Black Sea 

(Rullier 1972). Eastern Pacific (Hartmann- 

Schröder 1971). Canary Islands: Tenerife 

(Langerhans 1881; Núñez et al. 1984; Pascual 

1996; Brito 2002). 

Cirriformia Hartman, 1936 

Cirriformia tentaculata (Montagu, 1808) 

Cirriformia tentaculata: Day 1967: 515, fig. 20.4 

a-d. 


1 specimen. 


sands, 0.85% organic matter and 7.18% 

carbonates. 

Canary Islands: in intertidal rocky substrates, 

with preference to altered habitats (Núñez pers. 

comm.). Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in rocky 

substrates; abundant in subtidal soft-bottoms with 

a high organic matter content (Sardá 1984). 


waters (Núñez et al. 1984). Canary Islands: 

Tenerife (Kirkegaard 1959; Núñez et al. 1984). 

Aphelochaeta Blake, 1991 

Aphelochaeta marioni (Saint-Joseph, 1894) 

Tharyx marioni: Fauvel 1927: 100, fig. 35 a-b. 


1 specimen. 


medium sands, with 1.30% organic content and 

4.44% carbonates. Atlantic-Mediterranean region: 

in muddy and sandy bottoms (Laubier 1966; 

Parapar 1991), hard substrates (Martín 1986). 

Tharyx marioni is an euryhaline (Holthe 1977; 

López-Jamar 1981) and eurybathic species 

(Hartman & Fauchald 1971). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (Fauvel 1927; 

Amoureux 1976). Mediterranean (Desbrúyeres et 

al. 1972). Indian Ocean (Intes & Le Loeuff 1977). 

First record of this species for the Canary Islands 

(Tenerife). 

FAMILY PROTODRILIDAE Czerniavsky, 1881 

Protodrilus Hatschek, 1880 

Protodrilus cf. rubropharyngeus Jägersten, 1940 

27

Protodrilus rubropharyngeus: von Nordheim 

1989: 252, tab. I. 


29 specimens; subtidal, 1 specimen. 




in well sorted medium sands, with 0.78% organic 

matter and 4.56% carbonates. Atlantic Ocean: 

more abundant in coarse sandy bottoms (von 

Nordheim 1989). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (von Nordheim 1989). 

West Pacific (Wu et al. 1980). First record of this 

species for the Canary Islands (Tenerife). 

FAMILY HESIONIDAE Grube, 1850 

Hesionides Friedich, 1937 

Hesionides arenaria Friedich, 1937 

Hesionides arenaria: Hartmann-Schröder 1971: 

134, fig. 44 a-c. 


1 specimen. 



5.47% carbonates. Canary Islands: in intertidal 

soft-bottoms (Schmidt & Westheide 2000), with 

preference to exposed sandy beaches. Altantic- 

Mediterranean region: in coarse sand bottoms 

(Campoy 1982); considered to be estenobathic 

(Hartmann-Schröder 1971). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (Schmidt & Westheide 

2000). Canary Islands: Tenerife. 

Microphthalmus Mecznikow, 1865 

Microphthalmus pseudoaberrans Campoy & 

Viéitez, 1982 

Microphthalmus pseudoaberrans: Campoy & 

Viéitez 1982: 224, fig. 23 a-n. 


822 specimens.; subtidal, 9 specimens.; Los 

Cristianos beach: intertidal, 14 specimens; 





in well sorted fine sands, with 0.24-0.51% 





well sorted fine sands, with 1.01% organic matter 

and 26.84% carbonates. Canary Islands: in sandy 

bottoms at 22 m depth (Brito 2002). Atlantic- 

Mediterranean region: in well oxygenated sandy 

bottoms, with a low content of organic matter 

(Campoy & Viéitez 1982). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Campoy & Viéitez 

1982). Madeira (Núñez et al. 1995). 

Mediterranean (Capaccioni 1983). Canary 

Islands: Tenerife and La Palma (Brito 2002). 

FAMILY NEREIDIDAE Johnston, 1865 

Platynereis Kinberg, 1866 

Platynereis dumerilii (Audouin & Milne 

Edwards, 1834) 

Platynereis dumerilii: Fauvel 1923: 359, fig. 141 

a-f. 


intertidal, 1 specimen; subtidal, 1 specimen. 

Ecology: Los Cristianos intertidal: in well sorted 



well sorted fine sands, with 0.71% organic matter 

and 26.84% carbonates. Canary Islands: in 

intertidal algae, endobiontic of sponges and 

subtidal soft-bottoms (Núñez 1990). Atlantic- 

Mediterranean region: inside polluted harbours 

(Desbrúyeres et al. 1972; Bellan 1980), with 

preference to photophilic algae (Harmelin 1964; 

Laubier 1966). It has been recorded in softbottoms 

(Sardá 1985), being an euryhaline 

(Hartmann-Schröder 1971) and an eurybathic 

species (Hartman 1965). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (López 1995). 

Canary Islands: Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran 

Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma and El 

Hierro (Langerhans 1881; May 1912; Fauvel 

1914; Núñez et al. 1981; Kirkegaard 1983; Núñez 

et al. 1984; Núñez 1990; Pascual 1996). 

28

Perinereis Kinberg, 1866 

Perinereis cultrifera (Grube, 1840) 

Perinereis cultrifera: Fauvel 1914: 190, fig. 16, 

figs. 1-13. 

Material examined Los Abrigos beach: subtidal, 1 

specimen. 



carbonates. Canary Islands: in rocky bottoms and 

intertidal coarse sandy bottoms, as well as, 

Cymodocea nodosa meadows at 12 m depth 

(Núñez 1990). Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in 

soft and hard bottoms, being more abundant in 

rocky substrates (Campoy 1982; López 1995). In 

soft-bottoms, muddy-sand bottoms (Desbrúyeres 

et al. 1972; Sardá 1985) and in seagrass meadows 

(Cymodocea nodosa and Posidonia oceanica) 

(Alós & Pereira 1984; Baratech 1985). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (López 1995). 


Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma and El 

Hierro (Langerhans 1881; May 1912; Núñez et al. 

1981; Kirkegaard 1983; Núñez et al. 1984; 

Talavera et al. 1984 Hartman-Schröder 1988; 

Núñez 1993). 

FAMILY SYLLIDAE Grube, 1850 

SUBFAMILY EXOGONINAE Langerhans, 1879 

Brania Quatrefages, 1866 

Brania arminii (Langerhans, 1881) 

Brania arminii: San Martín 2003: 153, figs.75-76. 


2 specimens. 




and shallow subtidal hard bottoms, among 

photophilic algae and Spondylus and Vermetus 

shells (Núñez 1990). Atlantic-Mediterranean 

region: in shallow subtidal hard and soft bottoms 

(Campoy 1982; Sardá 1984; Martín 1986); in 

Posidonia oceanica meadows (San Martín & 

Viéitez 1984) and “Amphioxus” sands (Besteiro 

1986). 

Distribution: Circumtropical (Capaccioni 1987). 

Canary Islands: Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, 

Tenerife, La Gomera and El Hierro (Langerhans 

1881; Núñez et al. 1984; Núñez et al. 1992). 

Exogone Örsted, 1845 

Exgone (Exogone) breviantennata Hartmann- 

Schröder, 1959 

Exogone breviantennata: Hartmann-Schröder 

1959: 125, figs. 75-78. 


1 specimen; Los Cristianos beach: intertidal, 2 

specimens, subtidal, 9 specimens. 



carbonates. Los Cristianos intertidal: in well 

sorted fine sands, with 0.61-0.81% organic matter 


subtidal: in well sorted fine sands, with 0.006- 

0.71% organic matter and 23.45-26.84% 

carbonates. Canary Islands: in sandy bare bottoms 

and Cymodocea nodosa meadows (Brito et al. 

2000). In intertidal and subtidal rocky bottoms, 

among algae and vermetid tubes (Núñez 1990), 

and endobiontic of sponges (Pascual 1996). 

Mediterranean sea: in intertidal and subtidal soft 

and hard-bottoms (San Martín & Aguirre 1991). 

Distribution: Circumtropical (Núñez 1990). 


Canaria, Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro 

(Núñez et al. 1992; Pascual et al. 1996; Brito et 

al. 2000; Brito 2002). 

Exogone (Exogone) naidina Örsted, 1845 

Exogone naidina: San Martín 1984: 208, fig. 46. 


1 specimen. 




and subtidal hard and soft-bottoms, among 

Spondylus shells and vermetid tubes (Núñez 

1990). Altantic-Mediterranean region: in hard 

substrates (Aguirrezabálaga 1984; San Martín 

1984); and subtidal soft-bottoms (Moreira 1999). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (Campoy 1982). 

Canary Islands: Tenerife (Núñez 1990; Núñez et 

al. 1992; Pascual 1996). 

29

Parapionosyllis Fauvel, 1923 

Parapionosyllis macaronesiensis Brito, Núñez & 

San Martín, 2000 

Parapionosyllis macaronesiensis: Brito, Núñez & 

San Martín, 2000: 1147, fig. 1. 


1 specimen. 



6.32% carbonates. Canary Islands: in sandy bare 

bottoms and Cymodocea nodosa meadows (Brito 

2002). Madeira: in organogenic coarse sands, 

with a high percentage of carbonates (59%) 

(Núñez et al. 1995). 

Distribution: Atlantic Ocean: Madeira (Núñez et 

al. 1995). Canary Islands: Tenerife (Brito et al. 

2000). 

Parapionosyllis minuta (Pierantoni, 1903) 

Pionosyllis minuta Pierantoni, 1903: 239, tab. 10, 

fig. 5. 


1 specimen. 



6.84% carbonates. Atlantic-Mediterranean region: 

as endobiontic of sponges (Pérès 1954), and in 

sandy bare bottoms, in Caulerpa and seagrass 

(Zostera marina and Posidonia oceanica) 

meadows (Cognetti 1957; Viéitez 1976; San 

Martín 1984). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (San Martín 1984). 

Mediterranean (Campoy 1982). First record of 

this species for the Canary Islands (Tenerife). 

Parapionosyllis abriguensis Riera, Núñez & 

Brito, 2006 

Parapionosyllis abriguensis: Riera, Núñez & 

Brito 2006: 20, fig. 1. 


4 specimens. 


sands, with 0.11-1.31% organic matter and 5.13- 

7.18% carbonates. 

Distribution: Canary Islands: Tenerife. 

Erinaceusyllis San Martín, 2003 

Erinaceusyllis cryptica (Ben-Eliahu, 1977) 

Erinaceusyllis cryptica: San Martín 2003: 233, 

fig. 124. 


1 specimen. 



19.32% carbonates. Canary Islands: as a 

component of the Dendrophyllia ramea 

community (circalittoral bottoms) (Núñez et al. 

1992). Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in seagrass 

meadows (Cymodocea, Posidonia and Zostera) 

(Baratech & San Martín 1987; Parapar 1991) and 

as endobiontic of sponges (Alós et al. 1982). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (Perkins 1981; 

Núñez 1990). Mediterranean (Campoy 1982). 

Red Sea (Ben-Eliahu 1977). Canary Islands: 

Tenerife, Lanzarote and El Hierro (Núñez 1990; 

Núñez et al. 1992; Brito 2002). 

Prosphaerosyllis San Martín, 1984 

Prosphaerosyllis xarifae (Hartmann-Schröder, 

1960) 

Sphaerosyllis xarifae: Hartmann-Schröder 1960: 

103, figs. 14, 15, figs. 121-124. 


1 specimen. 



carbonates. Canary Islands: in soft and hard 

bottoms, as well as a component of the 

Dendrophyllia ramea community (Núñez 1990). 

Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in hard substrates, 

among algae and corals (Hartmann-Schröder 

1979; Campoy 1982). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Hartmann-Schröder 

1979). Mediterranean (San Martín 1984). Red Sea 

(Hartmann-Schröder 1960). Canary Islands 

(Tenerife) (Núñez 1990; Núñez et al. 1992). 

SUBFAMILY EUSYLLINAE Malaquin, 1893 

Perkinsyllis San Martín, López & Aguado, 2009 

Perkinsyllis spinisetosa (San Martín, 1990) 

30

Pionosyllis spinisetosa: San Martín 1990: 592, 

figs. 2-3. 


1 specimen, subtidal, 40 specimens; Los Cristianos 

beach: subtidal, 4 specimens. 






subtidal: in well sorted fine sands, with 0.54- 

1.01% organic matter and 23.08-26.84% 

carbonates. Canary Islands: in intertidal pools 

(Núñez 1990), sandy bare bottoms and 

Cymodocea nodosa meadows (Brito 2002). East 

Atlantic Ocean: among algae (López & San 

Martín 1994). Caribbean Sea: in sandy subtidal 

bottoms (San Martín 1990). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (San Martín 1990; 

López & San Martín 1994; Núñez et al. 1995). 

Canary Islands: Lanzarote and Tenerife (Núñez 

1990; Núñez et al. 1996; Brito 2002). 

Neopetitia San Martín, 2003 

Neopetitia abadensis Riera, Núñez & Brito, 2007 

Neopetitia abadensis: Riera, Núñez & Brito 

2007: 221, figs 1-2. 

Material examined: Los Abrigos: intertidal, 37 

specimens; subtidal, 9 specimens. 




in well sorted medium sands, with 0.65-168% 

organic matter and 3.08-4.56% carbonates. 

Distribution: Canary Islands: Tenerife. 

Streptosyllis Webster & Benedict, 1884 

Streptosyllis bidentata Southern, 1914 

Streptosyllis bidentata: Southern 1914: 28, pl. 3, 

fig. 4 a-f. 


11 specimens, subtidal, 28 specimens; Los 

Cristianos beach: intertidal, 3 specimens, subtidal, 

56 specimens. 










matter and 23.59-24.27% carbonates. 

Canary Islands: in sandy bare bottoms and 


Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in sandy bottoms 

from 2 to 24 m depth (Fauvel 1927; San Martín 

1984) and very coarse sand with shells at 30 m 

depth (Campoy 1982). 

Distribution: East Atlantic Ocean. Mediterranean 

(Brito et al. 2000). Canary Islands: Lanzarote, 

Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Palma 

and El Hierro (Brito et al. 2000). 

Streptosyllis campoyi Brito, Núñez & San Martín, 

2000 

Streptosyllis campoyi: Brito, Núñez & San Martín 

2000: 611, fig. 5 a-l. 


3 specimens, subtidal, 21 specimens. 





organic matter and 3.56-5.47% carbonates . 



Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in “Amphioxus” 

sands (Campoy 1982). 

Distribution: East Atlantic (Campoy 1982). 

Canary Islands: Lanzarote, Tenerife, La Palma 

and La Gomera (Brito et al. 2000). 

Anoplosyllis Claparède, 1868 

Anoplosyllis edentula Claparède, 1868 

Anoplosyllis edentula Claparède, 1868: 524; San 

Martín 2003: 134, fig. 65. 


1 specimen, subtidal, 2 specimens. 




31

sorted medium sands, with 0.76-1.31% organic 

matter and 4.44-5.13% carbonates. 



Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in soft-bottoms 

with diverse granulometry (Cognetti 1957), 

including polluted harbours (Cognetti-Varriale 

1972), in intertidal pools, among algae and 

endobiontic of sponges (Campoy 1982; San 


Distribution: East Atlantic. Mediterranean. 

Pacífico (Núñez 1990). Canary Islands: Lanzarote 

and Tenerife (Campoy 1982; Núñez et al. 1984; 

Núñez 1990; Brito 2002). 

Syllides Örsted, 1845 

Syllides japonicus Imajima, 1966 

Syllides japonicas: Imajima 1966: 112, fig. 36 a- 

h; San Martín 2003: 142, fig. 69. 


1 specimen, subtidal, 16 specimens. 





and 4.44-7.18% carbonates. Canary Islands: in 

sandy bare bottoms and Cymodocea nodosa 

meadows (Brito 2002). Atlantic-Mediterranean 

region: in sandy subtidal bottoms (Baratech & 

San Martín 1987) and Posidonia meadows (San 


Distribution: West Atlantic (Baratech & San 

Martín 1987). Mediterranean (San Martín 1984). 

Pacific Ocean (Imajima 1966). Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote and Tenerife (Brito et al. 2000). 

SUBFAMILY SYLLINAE Grube, 1850 

Haplosyllis Langerhans, 1879 

Haplosyllis aff. spongicola Grube, 1855 

Haplosyllis spongicola: Núñez 1990: 365, fig. 

112 a-c. 

Material examined Los Cristianos beach: 

intertidal, 1 specimen. 

Ecology: Los Cristianos intertidal: in well sorted 


17.78% carbonates. Canary Islands: in shallow 

hard substrates, among algae, vermetids and 

corals, as well as, in Dendrophyllia ramea 

community (circalittoral bottoms) and as 

endobiontic of sponges (Núñez 1990, Pascual 

1996). Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in soft and 

hard bottoms, being less frequent as endodiontic 

of sponges (Laubier 1966; Campoy 1982) and 

soft-bottoms with diverse granulometry, from 

muds to coarse sands (Uebelacker 1984) and can 

be considered euribathic (Gardiner 1976). 


waters (Núñez 1990). Canary Islands: Lanzarote, 

Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La 

Gomera and El Hierro (Pascual 1996). 

Syllis Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 

Syllis armillaris (O.F. Müller, 1771) 

Syllis armillaris: San Martín 1984: 381, figs. 99- 

100. 


4 specimens. 


sands, with 0.74-0.85% organic matter content 


intertidal and shallow rocky bottoms, among 

algae, inside sponge, as well as in the 

Dendrophyllia ramea community (circalittoral 

bottom) (Núñez 1990). Atlantic-Mediterranean 

region: in rocky substrates (San Martín 1984), 

“Amphioxus” sands (Campoy 1982), muddy sands 

(Desbrúyeres et al. 1972) and seagrass meadows 

(Cymodocea nodosa and Zostera marina) 

(Schlenz 1965). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (Núñez 1990). 

Canary Islands: Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, 

Tenerife, La Gomera and El Hierro (Núñez et al. 

1992; Pascual 1996). 

Syllis garciai (Campoy, 1982) 

Syllis garciai: San Martín 1984: 364, fig. 92. 


7 specimens. 




sandy bare bottoms at 10 m depth (Brito 2002). It 

32

is frequent in soft and hard bottoms, being 

encountered in the Dendrophyllia ramea 

community (circalittoral bottoms) (Núñez 1990). 

Atlantic-Mediterranean region: among algae, 

vermetid tubes (Alós 1988; López 1995), sandy 

bare bottoms (Besteiro, Urgorri & Parapar 1987) 

and seagrass meadows (Cymodocea nodosa and 

Posidonia oceanica) (Giangrande 1985; 

Giangrande & Gambi 1986). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (Besteiro 1986; San 

Martín 1990). Mediterranean (Campoy 1982). 

Canary Islands: Tenerife and Lanzarote (Núñez 

1990; Núñez et al. 1992; Núñez et al. 1997). 

Syllis prolifera Krohn, 1852 

Syllis prolifera: San Martín 1984: 331, figs.78-79. 


1 specimen. 


medium sands, with 1.33% organic and 5.30% 

carbonates. Canary Islands: among photophilic 

algae and vermetid tubes (Núñez 1990). Atlantic- 

Mediterranean region: in intertidal (Parapar 1991) 

and subtidal (López 1995) rocky bottoms, among 

photophilic algae and calcareous algae, as well as, 

endobiontic of sponges (Koukouras et al. 1985; 

Voultsiadou-Koukoura et al. 1987). 

Distribution: Cosmopolitan (López & San Martín 

1994). Canary Islands: Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, 

Gran Canaria, Tenerife, Gomera and El Hierro 

(Langerhans 1881; Kirkegaard 1983; Núñez et al. 

1984; Núñez 1990; Núñez et al. 1992). 

FAMLIY DORVILLEIDAE Chamberlin, 1919 

Protodorvillea Pettibone, 1961 

Protodorvillea kefersteini (McIntosh, 1869) 

Protodorvillea kefersteini: Hartmann-Schröder 

1996: 276, fig. 123. 


1 specimen. 



3.08% carbonates. Canary Islands: in sandy bare 

bottoms and Cymodocea nodosa bottoms (Núñez 

et al. 1996). Atlantic-Mediterranean region: in 

soft-bottoms with diverse granulometry (Bellan 

1964; Moreira 1999). 

Distribution: Amphiatlantic (Fauvel 1923; 

Perkins 1979). Mediterranean (Campoy 1982). 

East Pacific (Orensanz 1973). Canary Islands: 

Lanzarote and Tenerife (García-Valdecasas 1985; 

García-Valdecasas et al. 1986; Núñez et al. 1996). 

DISCUSSION 

In this work a total of 47 interstitial polychaete 

species were collected from the intertidal and 

shallow subtidal (3 m depth) of two stations on 

the south coast of Tenerife. The family Syllidae 

was the most diverse with 18 species, of which 8 

belong to the subfamily Exogoninae, 6 to the 

Eusyllinae and 4 to the Syllinae. The second most 

diverse family was Spionidae with 6 species, 

followed by Paraonidae with 5 species. 

In terms of specimens, the most abundant 

species was the hesionid Microphthalmus pseudoaberrans, 

which clearly dominated the intertidal 

of Los Abrigos, representing more than 80% of 

the total number. The other sampling stations 

(Los Abrigos subtidal, and Los Cristianos 

intertidal and subtidal) were dominated by 

spionids, such as Rhynchospio glutaea and Spio 

filicornis. This can be partially explained by the 

presence of medium sands in the intertidal of Los 

Abrigos, whilst the remaining stations were 

characterized by fine sands, except for the 

subtidal of Los Abrigos, which presented 

alternating fine and medium sands all over the 

sampling period (Riera 2004). 

The interstitial polychaete fauna of the Canary 

Islands consists of typical meiofaunal species, 

such as small-sized syllids and macrofaunal 

species, like the spionids Spio filicornis and 

Scolelepis squamata. The latter species reach 

only small sizes in the Canarian archipelago 

compared to other biogeographical regions, e.g. 

Atlantic-Mediterranean area. The main reason for 

this is the presence of oligotrophic waters in the 

Canarian archipelago (Barton et al. 1998), 

although sporadically influenced by eutrophic 

waters from the Saharian upwelling. 

This study represents the first qualitative 

characterization of the interstitial polychaete 

fauna from the Canary Islands. Future research 

33

must be conducted in order to determine the 

temporal and spatial variations of the interstitial 

fauna in the intertidal beaches of the Canarian 

archipelago. 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

The authors are much indebted to all Spanish 

polychaetologists for their exchange of ideas and 

continuous encouragement. We thank also our 

colleagues of the benthos laboratory, Óscar 

Monterroso, Lisandra Núñez and Alejandro 

Martínez, for taxonomical and ecological 

discussions during the last years. To an 

anonymous referee who greatly improved a first 

version of the manuscript. 

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