CRIMINAL LAW MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE CHAPTER 1

<strong>CRIMINAL</strong> <strong>LAW</strong><strong>MIDTERM</strong> <strong>STUDY</strong> <strong>GUIDE</strong>Instructor: Dr. Michael Reichard<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 1Students should know the following definitions:Law: Rules prescribed by the controlling authority with binding legal force.Rules created by society, binding & enforceable by a central authorityNorms: Customs Unwritten rules inherent in societyMorals: Ethical principals that guide human conduct — right from wrongCriminal Law:Crime:Public Order — Violating the Community — Vs StateCriminal Liability:Civil Law:Tort: Civil WrongViolating an Individual — Vs. Person ViolatedCivil Liability:Mala In Se:Mala Prohibita:Stare Decisis: Already decided; following precedentsClassifications:FelonyMisdemeanorInfractionLocal Laws — OrdinancesSubstantive Criminal Law:Procedural Criminal Law:Crime Against:PersonsPropertyPublic OrderMoralsJusticeCriminalize v. DecriminalizeVoid for Vagueness, Legality, Ex Post FactoPolice Power: Authority of the State to enact and enforce criminal lawsSources of Law:Statutory LawCommon LawAdministrative LawConstitutional LawCase Law

<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 2Students should know the following definitions:Jurisdiction: Power of a court to decide a caseSubject Matter Jurisdiction: The authority of a court to hear a type of caseOriginal Jurisdiction: Power of a court to try a case the first timeAppellate Jurisdiction: Power of a court to review a case that has been heard in a trialPersonal Jurisdiction: Authority of a court over a person (Def)Territorial Jurisdiction: Authority of a court to hear a case based on geographyVenueState v. Federal<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 3Students should know the following definitions:Elements of a Crime:Act, Intent, CausationAct:Prohibited Behavior/Actus Reus Affirmative, NegativeAffirmative, NegativeIntent – Mens Rea:General IntentSpecific IntentCriminal NegligenceTransferred IntentStrict LiabilityMotive:Scienter:Possession: Physical control over some itemMere, Knowing, Actual, Constructive - Exclusive & JointContraband:Procuring: The act of obtaining illegal items or servicesStatus: condition or state of beingCausation: Proximate Cause/Foreseeability

<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 4Students should know the following definitions:Inchoate Crimes:Attempts:3 Steps in a crime — Preparation, Attempt, CommissionSpecific Intent, Substantial Step, Abandonment, Impossibility, Lesserpunishment, mergerConspiracies:2 or more willing, planning, lesser punishment, No merger, AbandonmentSolicitations:Asking another, lesser punishment, mergerParties:1 st Degree Principals, 2 nd Degree Principals, Accessories Before & AfterModern Principal RuleMisprisonBurden of ProofReasonable Suspicion – Allows Stop and DetainProbable Cause – Allows ArrestsPreponderance of Evidence – To win a civil suitBeyond a Reasonable Doubt – To get a criminal conviction<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 5Students should know the following definitions:Types of Defenses:Factual, Procedural, Affirmative (Justifications, Excuses)InfancyInsanityMcNaghten, Irresistible ImpulseVicarious Liability: (Corporations)

<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 6Students should know the following definitions:Use of ForceSelf DefenseDefense of OthersDefense of PropertyPreventing CrimesResisting OfficersNecessityRetreatBattered Spouse, etc.<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 7Students should know the following definitions:ImmunityMistake of FactMistake of LawIntoxication:Involuntary, VoluntaryDuressAlibiDoub1e JeopardyEntrapmentStatute of LimitationsConsent<strong>CHAPTER</strong> 8Students should know the following definitions:PunishmentCapital, Prison, Jail, Probation, Fine, Community Service, Career Criminals