The Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of Belgium and Luxembourg ...

The Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi 

of Belgium and Luxembourg. 

An Annotated Checklist 

This PDF file differs from the original publication 

(Diederich & Sérusiaux 2000) by the black and white 

illustrations, the missing Fig. 6, and the poor 

reproduction of Fig. 20. The entire text and the 

pagination are as in the publication.

The lichenicolous hyphomycete Illosporium carneum Fr. (syn. Aecidium peltigerae DC.), 

developing on a thallus of Peltigera. Painted before 1825 by the famous artist Pierre- 

Joseph Redouté (1759-1840), born in Saint-Hubert (Belgium, province of Luxembourg), 

to illustrate the ‘Fascicule de Cryptogames du Grand Duché de Luxembourg’ by the 

Luxembourg botanist Louis Marchand (1807-43). The manuscript was never published 

but has recently been reproduced in facsimile (Mangen 1989).

The Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi 

of Belgium and Luxembourg. 

An Annotated Checklist 

Paul DIEDERICH and Emmanuël SÉRUSIAUX 

with the collaboration of 

Pieter P. G. VAN DEN BOOM and A. Maarten BRAND 

MUSÉE NATIONAL D’HISTOIRE NATURELLE 

Luxembourg – 2000

4 

Dedication (dédicace – opdracht) 

This checklist is respectfully dedicated to Prof. Jacques Lambinon (University of Liège, Belgium). 

Jacques Lambinon has made outstanding contributions to the knowledge of the lichen flora of our 

study area, but, more importantly, each of us owes him an immense debt of gratitude. He has 

considerably enriched our professional lives and has always provided crucial support, advocacy 

and guidance. To call him the work’s godfather would be only half true: he has indeed been its 

impulsive force. 

Cette checklist est respectueusement dédiée au Prof. Jacques Lambinon (Université de Liège, 

Belgique). Jacques Lambinon a très brillamment contribué à la connaissance de la flore lichénique 

de notre zone d’étude, mais ce n’est pas le plus important. Chacun de nous lui est immensément 

redevable. Il a fortement enrichi notre vie professionnelle et a toujours été une source irremplaçable 

d’encouragements, de conseils et de guidance. Dire qu’il est le parrain de ce travail ne serait qu’à 

moitié suffisant; il en a aussi été la force d’impulsion. 

Deze checklist is opgedragen aan prof. Jacques Lambinon (Universiteit van Luik, België). Jacques 

Lambinon heeft een onmisbare bijdrage geleverd aan de kennis over de korstmosflora in ons 

onderzoeksgebied, maar dat is niet het belangrijkste: wij beiden zijn hem zeer veel dank 

verschuldigd. Hij heeft ons werk aanzienlijk verrijkt en ons steeds voorzien van waardevolle 

ondersteuning, raad en begeleiding. Hij is niet alleen de grondlegger van dit werk; hij is ook de 

stuwende kracht erachter geweest. 

Limited edition (édition de tête – beperkte oplage) 

This volume has been printed in 1,000 issues, of which a first series of 50, numbered from 01 to 50. 

Ce volume a été tiré en 1000 exemplaires, dont une édition de tête numérotée de 01 à 50. 

Deze uitgave is gedrukt in een oplage van 1000 exemplaren, inclusief een beperkte oplage 

genummerd van 01 tot 50. 

© Paul Diederich and Emmanuël Sérusiaux, 2000. All rights reserved. No part of this book 

covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means 

(graphic, electronic, or mechanical, incl. photocopying, taping, or information storage and 

retrieval systems) without written permission from both copyright owners. 

Edited and distributed by the Musée national d’histoire naturelle, 25 rue Munster, L-2160 

Luxembourg, Luxembourg. 

Printed in Luxembourg by Imprimerie Centrale s. a. 

ISBN 2-919877-00-3

Contents 

Introduction ..........................................................................................................................7 

The area covered by the checklist ......................................................................................11 

The lichenological exploration of the study area - a short historical overview .................27 

Organisation of the checklist..............................................................................................41 

Abbreviations and symbols.................................................................................................51 

Results and discussion........................................................................................................55 

Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................61 

The checklist .......................................................................................................................64 

Literature..........................................................................................................................179 

List of accepted taxa .........................................................................................................188 

Summary of abbreviations................................................................................................206 

Map of the study area.......................................................................................................207 

5

6 

Diederich, P. & E. Sérusiaux (coll. P. P. G. van den Boom & A. M. Brand), 2000. - The lichens and 

lichenicolous fungi of Belgium and Luxembourg. An annotated checklist. - Musée nat. hist. nat., 

Luxembourg, 207 pp. 

This is the first annotated checklist of the lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Belgium, Luxembourg 

and northern France. A total of 1151 taxa are accepted, including 930 lichens (21 of which 

grow on other lichens), 201 lichenicolous fungi, and 20 doubtfully lichenized or related fungi. For 

each species, the name, synonymy, ecology, distribution in the study area, and pertinent 

literature reports for that area are provided. A further 252 species have been reported from the 

study area, but are considered here as doubtfully present, either because the corresponding 

material does not belong to this taxon, or because no material has been examined by the authors 

of this checklist. 

Les lichens et champignons lichénicoles de Belgique et du Luxembourg. Un catalogue annoté. - 

Ceci est le premier catalogue annoté des lichens et champignons lichénicoles de Belgique, du 

Grand-Duché de Luxembourg et du nord de la France. Un total de 1151 taxa sont acceptés, dont 

930 lichens (y compris 21 parasitant d’autres lichens), 201 champignons lichénicoles et 20 champignons 

peut-être lichénisés ou espèces apparentées. Pour chaque espèce, le nom, la synonymie, 

l’écologie, la répartition dans le territoire étudié et la littérature concernant ce territoire sont donnés. 

De plus, 252 espèces ont été mentionnées du territoire étudié, mais leur présence y est considérée 

comme douteuse, soit parce que le matériel correspondant n’appartient pas à ce taxon, soit 

parce que ce matériel n’a pu être examiné par les auteurs de ce catalogue. 

De korstmossen en lichenicole schimmels van België en Luxemburg. Een geannoteerde checklist. - 

Dit is de eerste geannoteerde checklist van korstmossen en lichenicole schimmels met betrekking 

tot heel België, Luxemburg en Noord-Frankrijk. In totaal zijn 1151 taxa geaccepteerd, waaronder 

930 korstmossen (waarvan er 21 op andere korstmossen groeien), 201 lichenicole schimmels, en 

20 onduidelijk gelicheniseerde of op korstmossen gelijkende schimmels. Voor elke soort zijn 

naam, synoniemen, ecologie en verspreiding in het onderzochte gebied vermeld, evenals 

literatuurverwijzingen over dit gebied. Van 252 andere in deze checklist genoemde soorten is het 

voorkomen in het gebied onzeker, omdat de collecties mogelijk niet juist geïdentificeerd zijn of 

omdat ze niet door de auteurs zijn gecontroleerd. 

Paul Diederich, Musée national d’histoire naturelle, 25 rue Munster, L-2160 Luxembourg, 

Luxembourg (Paul.Diederich@ci.educ.lu). 

Emmanuël Sérusiaux, Chercheur Qualifié F. N. R. S., Département de Botanique, Sart Tilman, 

B-4000 Liège, Belgium (E.Serusiaux@ulg.ac.be). 

Pieter P. G. van den Boom, Arafura 16, NL-5691 Son, Netherlands (PvdBoom@zonnet.nl). 

A. Maarten Brand, Klipperwerf 5, NL-2317 DX Leiden, Netherlands. 

Cover photographs: Prof. Volkmar Wirth, Stuttgart (Gyalecta ulmi; Peltigera hymenina) and Prof. 

Maurice Hoffmann, Gent (Caloplaca ruderum and Diploicia canescens). 

Dutch text: Laurens Sparrius, Gouda.

L 

THE LICHENS OF BELGIUM AND LUXEMBOURG. AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST 7 

Introduction 

ichenology in Belgium and Luxembourg started in the early XIXth century, but it was 

especially towards the end of that century that national floras and checklists became 

available. In 1898, De Wildeman published a checklist of the Belgian lichens, with 

indications on localities and references for each species. One year before, Koltz (1897) did the 

same for Luxembourg. In 1938, Duvigneaud & Giltay presented a revised Belgian checklist, 

but this time without chorological data. The number of species recognized by these authors 

was rather low, with 586 species reported from Belgium, and only 404 from Luxembourg. 

After 1900, the lichenological exploration dramatically declined in these two countries, 

and it is only since the beginning of the sixties that, through the work of Prof. Jacques 

Lambinon, a new era of lichenology started. It is also during that time that Belgian 

lichenologists started exploring the neighbouring areas of northern France, which are 

therefore included within the scope of the present checklist. 

Since the early eighties, we have attempted to fill the gap by preparing a detailed inventory 

of crustose lichens, as well as of lichenicolous fungi which, although not lichenized, 

have traditionally been studied by lichenologists. The rapid development in lichen 

taxonomy, the new techniques to study them (e. g. by thin layer chromatography), the 

availability of modern illustrated floras, the continuous discovery of previously unknown 

taxa in Europe, and also the meticulous search in the field for minuscule, inconspicuous 

crusts in previously neglected habitats rapidly led us to discover or recognize over 700 

additional species, which had never been recorded in Belgium or Luxembourg before. 

The precious help of several colleagues and friends, mainly from the Benelux countries, 

was invaluable to achieve these results. 

Nowadays, the total number of accepted species reaches 1151, more than twice the 

number of previously published taxa. Nevertheless, no doubt this number will continue 

to increase in the forthcoming years for several reasons: we know of many, often sterile 

crusts, that still require identification; several genera are poorly known in the area of 

study (e. g. Acarospora, Thelidium, Verrucaria); many lichenicolous fungi and some 

small, inconspicuous crustose lichens are only found by chance, and despite very careful 

sampling during these past years, many have certainly been missed; comparison with 

modern European floras or checklists suggests that a relatively large number of 

additional species might occur in the study area. 

Therefore the aim of the present checklist is to update our current knowledge of lichens 

and lichenicolous fungi in Belgium, Luxembourg and northern France, and to encourage 

students and botanists to pay attention to this fascinating world of organisms. Even if 

the exploration of our lichen flora might be considered as finished, students should not 

forget that many species are still very poorly recorded, and that much additional work, 

like the preparation of a distribution atlas or even the production of a modern flora, with 

complete identification keys, still have to be realized. Furthermore, we should not forget 

that lichens, which are excellent indicators of biodiversity, are vanishing rapidly, and 

that their conservation should be treated with priority.

8 P. DIEDERICH & E. SÉRUSIAUX 

E 

Introduction 

n Belgique et au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, l’exploration des lichens a commencé 

au début du XIXe siècle, et, surtout à la fin de ce siècle, des flores et des catalogues 

concernant ces deux pays ont vu le jour. En 1898, De Wildeman publia un catalogue des 

lichens belges, avec des indications sur les localités et des références pour toutes les espèces. 

L’année précédente, Koltz (1897) publia un travail semblable pour le Luxembourg. En 

1938, Duvigneaud & Giltay présentaient un catalogue belge actualisé, mais cette fois-ci 

sans données chorologiques. Le nombre d’espèces connues par ces auteurs est relativement 

faible, avec 586 espèces signalées de Belgique et 404 seulement du Luxembourg. 

Après 1900, l’exploration lichénologique dans ces deux pays a diminué de façon dramatique, 

et ce n’est que depuis le début des années 60 que, grâce au travail du Prof. Jacques 

Lambinon, une nouvelle ère en lichénologie commença. C’est également à cette époque que 

les lichénologues belges commencent à explorer les régions limitrophes du nord de la 

France, qui sont dès lors également incluses dans le cadre de ce catalogue. 

Depuis le début des années 80, nous avons essayé de combler ces lacunes en préparant un 

inventaire détaillé des lichens crustacés, mais également des champignons lichénicoles 

qui, bien que non lichénisés, sont traditionellement étudiés par des lichénologues. Les 

développements rapides en taxonomie lichénique, l’apparition de nouvelles techniques 

d’étude (p. ex. la chromatographie sur couche mince), la disponibilité de flores modernes 

illustrées, la découverte incessante de nouveaux taxa en Europe, et également la recherche 

méticuleuse sur le terrain de minuscules croûtes peu apparentes dans des habitats souvent 

négligés, nous a permis rapidement de découvrir plus de 700 espèces supplémentaires, 

qui n’avaient jamais été trouvées en Belgique ou au Luxembourg précédemment. 

L’aide précieuse de plusieurs collègues et amis, surtout des pays du Benelux, a été un 

apport inestimable pour arriver à ces résultats. 

Aujourd’hui, le nombre total d’espèces acceptées atteint les 1151, plus que le double des 

taxa publiés auparavant. Cependant, ce nombre continuera de croître pendant les années 

à venir, et celà pour plusieurs raisons: nous avons pu examiner de nombreuses croûtes, 

souvent stériles, pour lesquelles nous n’avons pas trouvé de nom; plusieurs genres sont 

insuffisamment connus dans le territoire étudié (p. ex. Acarospora, Thelidium, Verrucaria); 

de nombreux champignons lichénicoles et certains lichens minuscules et peu 

apparents sont uniquement récoltés par hasard, et, malgré le travail de terrain très intensif 

durant ces dernières années, il est sûr que de nombreuses espèces ont dû passer inaperçues; 

la comparaison avec des flores ou catalogues modernes européens suggère qu’un 

nombre relativement grand d’espèces supplémentaires pourrait bien exister dans nos pays. 

Le but de ce catalogue est donc de mettre à jour nos connaissances actuelles sur les lichens 

et les champignons lichénicoles de Belgique, du Luxembourg et du nord de la France, et 

d’encourager des étudiants et des botanistes à s’intéresser à ce monde fascinant d’organismes. 

Même si l’exploration de notre flore lichénique pourrait être considérée par certains 

comme étant achevée, les étudiants ne devront pas oublier que de nombreuses espèces sont 

toujours mal connues dans le territoire étudié, et que des travaux supplémentaires, comme


la préparation d’un atlas de répartition ou la production d’une flore moderne, comprenant 

des clés complètes d'identification, restent à réaliser. Par ailleurs, nous ne devons pas 

oublier que les lichens, qui sont d’excellents indicateurs de la biodiversité, sont en train de 

disparaître rapidement, et que leur protection devrait être traitée de façon tout à fait 

prioritaire. 

D 

Inleiding 

e lichenologie (studie van korstmossen) in België en Luxemburg begon in het begin 

van de XIXde eeuw. Vooral aan het einde van die eeuw verschenen er nationale 

flora’s en checklists. In 1898 publiceerde De Wildeman een checklist van de Belgische 

korstmossen met voor elke soort aantekeningen over de vindplaatsen en literatuurverwijzingen. 

Een jaar eerder publiceerde Koltz (1897) een soortgelijk werk voor Luxemburg. 

In 1938 brachten Duvigneaud & Giltay een herziene checklist uit, maar ditmaal 

zonder verspreidingsgegevens. Het aantal vermelde soorten was vrij laag: 506 soorten 

voor België en slechts 404 voor Luxemburg. 

Na 1900 nam het korstmossenonderzoek in beide landen sterk af. Pas vanaf het begin 

van de jaren zestig begon door het werk van J. Lambinon een nieuw lichenologisch 

tijdperk. In die tijd begon men ook aangrenzend Noord-Frankrijk te onderzoeken, vandaar 

dat ook dit gebied bij deze checklist is betrokken. 

Vanaf het begin van de jaren tachtig hebben wij het korstmossenwerk voortgezet door 

een gedetailleerde inventarisatie van korstvormige soorten te maken, en van lichenicole 

schimmels, die traditioneel ook door lichenologen worden bestudeerd. Snelle ontwikkelingen 

in de korstmostaxonomie, nieuwe technieken (zoals dunne-laag chromatografie), 

beschikbaarheid van moderne geïllustreerde flora’s, het onophoudelijk ontdekken 

van nieuwe en onbekende soorten in Europa, als ook het nauwgezet zoeken naar 

minuscule, onopvallende soorten op plaatsen die vroeger altijd gemeden werden, leverde 

meer dan 700 extra soorten op die nooit eerder in België of Luxemburg waren gevonden. 

De hulp van diverse collega’s en vrienden, voornamelijk uit de Benelux, was onmisbaar 

om dit alles te bereiken. 

Het aantal geaccepteerde soorten is nu 1151, een verdubbeling vergeleken met alle 

eerder gepubliceerde gegevens. Hoe dan ook, dit aantal zal de komende jaren blijven 

stijgen door een aantal oorzaken: er zijn veel steriele korstvormige soorten (zoals Acarospora, 

Thelidium en Verrucaria) die nog geïdentificeerd moeten worden; van veel genera 

is maar weinig bekend uit het onderzoeksgebied; veel lichenicole schimmels en onopvallende, 

korstvormige soorten worden alleen bij toeval gevonden, zodat er zeker een 

flink aantal over het hoofd gezien zijn, ondanks het nauwkeurige verzamelwerk. Ook 

checklists van aangrenzende landen laten zien dat er nog veel aanvullende soorten in 

het gebied kunnen voorkomen. 

Het doel van deze checklist is dan ook om de actuele kennis van korstmossen en 

lichenicole schimmels voor België, Luxemburg en Noord-Frankrijk te presenteren, en om


studenten en botanici te wijzen op deze fascinerende groep organismen. Zelfs al zouden 

alle soorten gevonden zijn, dan blijft er nog steeds veel aanvullend werk over, zoals het 

maken van een verspreidingsatlas of een flora met determinatiesleutels. 

Daarnaast moeten we niet vergeten dat korstmossen, die immers goede indicatoren voor 

biodiversiteit zijn, snel verdwijnen en dat hun bescherming voorrang zou moeten krijgen.

T 


The area covered by the checklist 

he territory dealt with in the present work includes Belgium, the Grand Duchy of 

Luxembourg and the neighbouring areas of northern France (Fig. 1). These include the 

following departments (numbers used for administrative purposes): Nord (59), Ardennes 

(08), Meuse (55, northern part only), Meurthe-et-Moselle (54, northern part only) and 

Moselle (57). The Netherlands and Germany are not included, although the occurrence of 

the rarest or the most interesting species is mentioned for those localities very close to the 

borders. 

Below, we briefly describe the phytogeographical districts of our area of study, focusing on 

the habitats they can provide for the lichen flora. The districts are those of the ‘Nouvelle 

Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des 

Régions voisines’ (Lambinon et al. 1993: XXI-XXIV) (Fig. 2). Our synthesis is drawn from 

the work of Lambinon (1969: 81-90) and Tanghe (1975). 

50° 

40° 

10° 0° 10° 20° 

Fig. 1. Localisation of the area of study. 

Localisation du territoire étudié. 

Ligging van het onderzoeksgebied.


Fig. 2. The area of study and the phytogeographical districts. 

Le territoire étudié et les districts phytogéographiques. 

Het onderzoeksgebied en de fytogeografische districten. 

The Maritime district (here after Mar.) is a coastal plain, very strongly urbanized and 

industrialized. The relative mildness of the climate, occurrence of sea sprays and 

relatively strong winds are decisive factors for the lichen flora. A few sandy dunes still 

remain; when they are not trampled too much, depressions of more or less stabilized 

sand (the so-called ‘pannes sèches’) are colonized by carpets of mosses and lichens, 

dominated by calcicolous or siliceous species, depending on sand acidity (Fig. 3). Bushes 

that eventually colonize these depressions provide a suitable habitat for several 

epiphytic species. Although often impoverished, the epiphytic flora is mostly present on 

isolated trees along canals and roads, as well as around farms (Fig. 4). Indeed, air 

pollution is still strong and clearly affects the lichen flora. The district has no natural 

rock but buildings and especially sea walls provide a substrate for several saxicolous 

species.


Fig. 3. Dunes with Pinus sylvestris and a rich terricolous cryptogamic vegetation in the 

Maritime district (Ghyvelde, dept. Nord, France). Reproduced from Bouly de Lesdain (1910a). 

Dunes avec Pinus sylvestris et une riche végétation cryptogamique terricole dans le district 

maritime (Ghyvelde, dépt. Nord, France). Reproduit de Bouly de Lesdain (1910a). 

Duinen met Pinus sylvestris en een rijke terrestrische vegetatie met cryptogamen in het 

Maritiem district (Ghyvelde, dept. Nord, France). Overgenomen van Bouly de Lesdain (1910a). 

Fig. 4. Stereophoto of Ramalina 

lacera, a species now 

extinct in the study area, and 

Diploicia canescens on Populus 

near Koksijde in 1909. 

Reproduced from Massart 

(1910, phot. 281). 

Stéréophoto de Ramalina lacera, 

une espèce disparue du 

territoire étudié, et Diploicia 

canescens sur Populus près de 

Koksijde en 1909. Reproduit 

de Massart (1910, phot. 281). 

Stereofoto van Ramalina lacera, 

een soort die inmiddels is 

verdwenen uit het onderzoeksgebied. 

Samen met Diploicia 

canescens op een Populus bij 

Koksijde in 1909. Overgenomen 

van Massart (1910, foto 281).


The Flemish district (here after Fl.) is also a fairly flat region; it corresponds to the 

plains of Quaternary sand deposited over sand and clays of the Eocene or of more recent 

origin. It is strongly urbanized and industrialized, even in terms of agricultural practices. 

Almost all ericaceous heaths have indeed disappeared. There is no natural rock outcrop, 

and woodland areas are now very reduced and strongly altered. The lichen flora is 

confined to isolated trees, old walls, especially on churches and in cemeteries (Fig. 5), but 

has lost any outstanding feature; atlantic species characteristic of old forests found in the 

district until the end of last century have now all disappeared. 

The Campine district (here after Camp.) also corresponds to large deposits of Quaternary 

sand and is similarly strongly urbanized and industrialized. The gravel terraces of Pleistocene 

origin in the eastern part reach 100 m elevation and, until World War II were locally 

covered by large dunes and ericaceous heaths. Almost all those semi-natural habitats have 

disappeared together with their highly characteristic lichen flora. As in the Flemish district, 

there is no natural rock outcrop and woodlands are artificial. 

Fig. 5. Caloplaca ruderum and Diploicia canescens are characteristic species on man-made 

substrates in the western part of Belgium, especially in the Flemish district. Photograph: M. 

Hoffmann (Brugge, 1999). 

Caloplaca ruderum et Diploicia canescens sont des espèces caractéristiques sur les substrats 

artificiels dans l’ouest de la Belgique, surtout dans le district flandrien. Photographie: M. Hoffmann 

(Brugge, 1999). 

Caloplaca ruderum en Diploicia canescens zijn karakteristische soorten op antropogene substraten in 

het westen van België, met name in het Vlaams district. Foto: M. Hoffmann (Brugge, 1999).


Fig. 6. The death of elms has very seriously damaged the epiphytic lichen flora, especially in 

the western parts of the study area. Photograph: E. Sérusiaux (1982). 

La disparition des ormes a très sérieusement endommagé la flore des lichens épiphytes, en 

particulier dans l’ouest du territoire étudié. Photographie: E. Sérusiaux (1982). 

De sterfte van iepen heeft de epifytenflora veel schade toegebracht, vooral in het westelijk deel 

van het onderzoeksgebied. Foto: E. Sérusiaux (1982). 

The Brabant district (here after Brab.) is a large, gently undulating plateau, rarely over 

200 m elevation, which is mostly covered by loess deposits from the Pleistocene. Except for 

several forested sites that usually correspond to sandy and less fertile emergences, the area 

is mostly used for intensive agriculture. The lichen flora is thus very reduced, and much so 

that the Haine-Sambre-Meuse depression that borders the district on its southern parts is 

very industrialized and polluted. The strong atlantic traits that are so characteristic of the 

forest ground flora, especially in the western part, are no longer expressed in the lichen 

flora, which is now reduced to ubiquitous and toxitolerant species. Several small rock 

outcrops exist in the valleys but their lichen flora is very poor. 

The Meuse district (here after Mosan) has an altitude fluctuating between 200 and 300 

m and enjoys a better air quality than the previous districts. It shelters an exceptional 

lichen flora owing to the numerous natural rock outcrops that are to be found in the main 

valleys, especially along the Meuse, Viroin, Lesse and Ourthe (Fig. 7). Those calcareous 

rocks are usually very compact and date back to the Devonian or Carboniferous. The 

lichen flora associated with the Xerobromion communities show strong submediterranean 

affinities, and many species are at the northern limit of their distribution area. Other 

outcrops, covering a smaller surface, are markedly siliceous and also of high interest. The 

lichen forest flora is rather trivial, with a few exceptions linked to the best preserved 

fragments with old trees. Trees along roads are locally very interesting, although air 

pollution and especially the removal of Ulmus have strongly altered the lichen flora (Fig. 

6). Semi-naturals habitats like the Mesobromion communities and heathlands are now 

very reduced but nevertheless still shelter an interesting lichen flora.

16 P. DIEDERICH & E. SÉRUSIAUX


Fig. 7. Natural outcrops in the Meuse valley between Namur and Givet represent one of the 

most valuable habitats for lichens in the area of study. The Xerobromion communities in the 

Leffe valley near Dinant (upper photo), here photographed in spring when Hippocrepis comosa 

and Helianthemum apenninum are flowering, colonize the compact limestones of the 

Carboniferous (Visean); the lichen flora is very spectacular, with among others terricolous and 

muscicolous communities with Fulgensia fulgens and Psora decipiens and very rare species 

like Placolecis opaca and Squamarina gypsacea. The rocks at Petit-Chooz near Givet (lower 

photo) are calcareous clayey schists belonging to the Upper Emsian (‘Grauwacke de Hierges’) 

and also are colonized by Xerobromion communities, here well characterized by the abundance 

of Artemisia alba, Potentilla rupestris, and Sempervivum tectorum. However, the lichen flora 

clearly marks the rapid decalcification of the rock surface, with the occurrence, within a 

phanerogamic vegetation dominated by calcicolous species, of Lecanora orosthea, Lecidea 

fuscoatra, Rhizocarpon lecanorinum, etc. and small cushions of Cladonia uncialis subsp. 

biuncialis. Photographs: E. Sérusiaux (1999). 

Les affleurements de rochers naturels dans la vallée de la Meuse entre Namur et Givet 

constituent un des habitats les plus précieux pour les lichens dans le territoire étudié. Les 

pelouses du Xerobromion dans la vallée de la Leffe près de Dinant (photo du haut), ici 

photographiées au printemps au moment de la floraison d’Hippocrepis comosa et 

d’Helianthemum apenninum, colonisent les calcaires compacts du Carbonifère (Viséen); la flore 

lichénique est très spectaculaire, avec notamment des groupements terricoles et muscicoles à 

Fulgensia fulgens et Psora decipiens, et des espèces très rares comme Placolecis opaca et 

Squamarina gypsacea. Les rochers de Petit-Chooz près de Givet (photo du bas) sont des schistes 

argileux calcarifères appartenant à l’Emsien supérieur (‘Grauwacke de Hierges’) et sont eux 

aussi colonisés par des pelouses du Xerobromion ici bien caractérisé par l’abondance 

d’Artemisia alba, Potentilla rupestris et Sempervivum tectorum. La flore lichénique marque 

cependant très bien la décalcification rapide de la roche, avec la présence, au sein d’une 

végétation phanérogamique dominée par les espèces calcicoles, de Lecanora orosthea, Lecidea 

fuscoatra, Rhizocarpon lecanorinum, etc. et des coussinets de Cladonia uncialis subsp. 

biuncialis. Photographies: E. Sérusiaux (1999). 

Natuurlijke rotsen in de Maasvallei tussen Namen en Givet zijn een van de meest waardevolle 

biotopen voor korstmossen in het onderzoeksgebied. In het dal van de Leffe bij Dinant 

(bovenste foto) wordt de harde kalksteen uit het Carboon (Viséen) bedekt door Xerobromionvegetaties, 

hier in het voorjaar gefotografeerd met bloeiende Hippocrepis comosa en 

Helianthemum apenninum. De grond- en mosbewonende korstmosvegetaties zijn zeer spectaculair 

met onder andere Fulgensia fulgens en Psora decipiens en zeer zeldzame soorten als 

Placolecis opaca en Squamarina gypsacea. De rotsen bij Petit-Chooz bij Givet (onderste foto) 

bestaan uit kalkhoudende, kleiachtige schisten en behoren tot het Boven-Emsien (‘Grauwacke 

de Hierges’) en zijn ook gekoloniseerd door Xerobromion-vegetaties, hier gekarakteriseerd door 

het veelvuldig voorkomen van Artemisia alba, Potentilla rupestris en Sempervivum tectorum. 

Hoewel de hogere planten hier hoofdzakelijk kalkminnende soorten zijn, geeft de korstmosflora 

duidelijk een snelle ontkalking van het rotsoppervlak aan, met soorten als Lecanora 

orosthea, Lecidea fuscoatra, Rhizocarpon lecanorinum en kleine kussentjes van Cladonia 

uncialis subsp. biuncialis. Foto’s: E. Sérusiaux (1999).


The Ardenne district (here after Ard.) is mainly characterized by several narrow or broadly 

widened valleys, which cut through a massif of markedly siliceous rocks, dating back to the 

Cambrian, Ordovician and lower Devonian, and whose altitude fluctuates between 250 and 

694 m (highest point, in the most oriental part) (Fig. 8). The general landscape of those 

valleys is composed primarily of forests and the southern part (from Bouillon to the Anlier 

forest, together with the neighbouring areas of Chiny and Herbeumont) still hosts habitats 

that can be considered well-preserved (Fig. 9). Poor air quality and modern techniques of 

forestry management admittedly jeopardize the future of the most fragile species but, at the 

scale of NW Europe, the lichen flora of the Ardenne district can be considered of prime 

importance, for both epiphytic and saxicolous species. Semi-natural habitats, especially 

ericaceous heathlands, are now almost all disappeared but their lichen flora has found refuge 

in habitats of substitution such as disused quarries, particularly near Vielsalm. The flora of 

the most occidental parts of the massif shows strong atlantic traits while the oriental parts, 

higher in elevation, seem to shelter more montane species. Finally, the flora in the valleys of 

the SE parts, especially in the Oesling in Luxembourg, is more continental. 

Fig. 8. The rocky cliffs of the ‘Rochers de 

Fépin’ along the French part of the Meuse 

form the base of the Devonian in this part of 

the Ardenne, and are made of Cambrian 

pebbles of quartzites embedded in a schistose 

cement. Although located at 330 m elevation, 

the saxicolous lichen flora is definitely montane 

with Miriquidica intrudens, several species 

of Umbilicaria (with the only locality of 

U. polyrrhiza in the area of study) and especially 

Pleopsidium chlorophanum. Photograph: 

E. Sérusiaux (1999). 

Le poudingue des Rochers de Fépin dans la 

Meuse française forme la base du Dévonien 

dans cette partie de l’Ardenne. Il s’agit de 

galets de quartzites du Cambrien enrobés dans 

un ciment schisteux. Bien que situés à 330 m 

d’altitude, la flore lichénique saxicole est franchement 

montagnarde avec Miriquidica intrudens, 

plusieurs espèces d’Umbilicaria (dont la 

seule station d’U. polyrrhiza dans le territoire 

étudié) et surtout Pleopsidium chlorophanum. 

Photographie: E. Sérusiaux (1999). 

De rotspartijen van de ‘Rocher de Fépin’ langs 

het Franse deel van de Maas vormen de basis 

van het Devoon in dit deel van de Ardennen. Ze 

zijn opgebouwd uit in een schistcement 

ingebloten Cambrische kwartsietbrokken. Hoewel 

gelegen op 330 m hoogte, is de vegetatie 

zeker montaan te noemen met soorten als 

Miriquidica intrudens, verschillende Umbilicaria’s 

(met de enige locatie van U. polyrrhiza in 

het onderzoeksgebied) en vooral ook Pleopsidium 

chlorophanum. Foto: E. Sérusiaux (1999).


Fig. 9. The Semois valley in the Ardenne is mainly a forested landscape and still hosts 

several well-preserved forest fragments, with old boles of Fagus and Quercus, occasionally 

Acer platanoides, Fraxinus, etc. Humidity is rather high and stable inside the forests, and 

air quality is relatively good. Near Herbeumont (left), Lobarion communities are still 

present and the Fagus trunk shown here (right) supports a very healthy population of 

Menegazzia terebrata, a very vulnerable and now very local species. Photographs: E. 

Sérusiaux (1992). 

Dans sa partie ardennaise, la vallée de la Semois est essentiellement forestière et comporte 

encore des fragments de forêt bien préservée, avec la présence de vieux fûts de Fagus et 

de Quercus, occasionnellement de Acer platanoides, Fraxinus, etc. L’humidité du sous- 

bois y est élevée et assez stable, et la qualité de l’air relativement bonne. Dans la région 

d’Herbeumont (à gauche), des peuplements du Lobarion sont encore observés et le tronc de 

Fagus ici représenté (à droite) supporte une population en très bonne santé de Menegazzia 

terebrata, une espèce très fragile et aujourd’hui très confinée. Photographies: E. Sérusiaux 

(1992). 

Het dal van de Semois in de Ardennen bestaat vooral uit bos en herbergt nog steeds diverse goed 

bewaarde bosfragmenten met oude Quercus en Fagus en gewoonlijk ook Acer platanoides, 

Fraxinus, etc. In het bos is de vochtigheid tamelijk hoog en stabiel en de luchtkwaliteit vrij goed. 

Bij Herbeumont (links) zijn nog steeds Lobarion-vegetaties aanwezig. Op de basis van de hier 

getoonde Beuk (rechts) groeit een vitale populatie Menegazzia tenebrata, een zeer gevoelige en 

zeer locaal voorkomende soort. Foto’s: E. Sérusiaux (1992).


The Lorraine district (here after Lorr.) is a part of the large sedimentary basin of 

Paris and corresponds to geological rocks of the Mesozoic, in particular sandstone, sand 

and clay of the Triassic and Lower Jurassic periods. Its relief in cuesta is highly characteristic 

and has permitted the conservation of forest blocks, which are well preserved 

and of prime importance for the lichen flora. The gorges near Berdorf in Luxembourg 

(Fig. 11) are also a Mecca for lichenology in the area of study. Semi-natural habitats rich 

in lichens are now rather rare in the district (Fig. 12), but roadside trees have so far 

been able to maintain locally quite interesting epiphytic communities (Fig. 10). The 

‘Moselle’ subdistrict corresponds to the calcareous outcrops of the Muschelkalk (Trias). 

Fig. 10. In a forest environment, this alignment of Fraxinus in the Lorraine district at St-Vincent 

harboured an exceptional lichen flora, with abundant Lobaria pulmonaria, Nephroma resupinatum, 

Pannaria mediterranea, and, on a single tree but very abundant, Usnea articulata. The 

road was upgraded in 1986 and all the trees were cut down. Photograph: J. Lambinon (1963). 

Dans un contexte forestier, cet alignement de Fraxinus dans le district lorrain, à St-Vincent, abritait 

une flore lichénique exceptionnelle, avec Lobaria pulmonaria en abondance, Nephroma resupinatum, 

Pannaria mediterranea, et, sur un seul arbre mais très abondant Usnea articulata. La 

route a été élargie en 1986 et tous les arbres abattus. Photographie: J. Lambinon (1963). 

Deze rij met Fraxinus in een bosgebied in het Lotharings district bij St-Vincent, herbergde een uitzonderlijke 

korstmosflora, met veel Lobaria pulmonaria, Nephroma resupinatum, Pannaria mediterranea 

en op één enkele boom zeer veel Usnea articulata. De weg werd in 1986 verbreed en alle 

bomen werden gekapt. Foto: J. Lambinon (1963).


Fig. 11. The vicinity of 

Berdorf in the Grand 

Duchy of Luxembourg in 

the Lorraine district is 

characterized by narrow 

gorges cut through the socalled 

Grès de Luxembourg 

(Lower Lias). The surrounding 

forests are well 

preserved and the populations 

of Pinus sylvestris 

found on top of these rocks 

may well be natural. 

Two Atlantic ferns can 

be found: Hymenophyllum 

tunbrigense and Trichomanes 

speciosum (the latter 

discovered recently). Several 

very interesting saxicolous 

lichens grow here: 

Bunodophoron melanocarpum, 

Cresponea premnea 

var. saxicola and Micarea 

hedlundii. In the most humid 

gorges, the lichen flora 

on the boles comprises 

three Enterographa (E. 

crassa, E. hutchinsiae and 

E. zonata) and species as 

rare as Lecanographa lyncea 

and Micarea pycnidiophora. 

Photograph: P. Diederich 

(1999). 

Les environs de Berdorf au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg dans le district lorrain sont caractérisés 

par des gorges étroites dans les grès dits de Luxembourg (Lias inférieur). Les forêts qui les 

entourent sont bien préservées, et les peuplements de Pinus sylvestris que l’on observe au sommet 

des parois semblent bien être indigènes. Deux fougères atlantiques y sont notées: Hymenophyllum 

tunbrigense et Trichomanes speciosum (cette dernière découverte récemment). Plusieurs lichens 

saxicoles fort intéressants y sont encore observés: Bunodophoron melanocarpum, Cresponea 

premnea var. saxicola et Micarea hedlundii. Dans les gorges les plus humides, la flore des troncs 

comporte trois Enterographa (E. crassa, E. hutchinsiae et E. zonata) et des espèces aussi rares que 

Lecanographa lyncea et Micarea pycnidiophora. Photographie: P. Diederich (1999). 

Het dorp Berdorf in het Groothertogdom Luxemburg in het Lotharings district wordt 

gekenmerkt door nauwe bergpassen uitgehakt in het zogenaamde ‘Grès de Luxembourg’ 

(gesteente uit het Onder-Lias). De omliggende bossen zijn goed bewaard gebleven en de 

populaties Pinus sylvestris zijn mogelijk natuurlijk. Hier komen twee atlantische varens voor: 

Hymenophyllum tunbrigense en de recent ontdekte Trichomanes speciosum. Er groeien 

verschillende interessante steenbewonende korstmossen: Bunodophoron melanocarpum, 

Cresponea premnea var. saxicola en Micarea hedlundii. In de meest vochtige passen groeien op 

de bomen drie soorten Enterographa (E. crassa, E. hutchinsiae en E. zonata) en zeldzame 

soorten zoals Lecanographa lyncea en Micarea pycnidiophora. Foto: P. Diederich (1999).


L 

Le territoire de la checklist 

Fig. 12. In the Lorraine district, especially 

near Buzenol, very old Quercus boles in 

mixed woods at the bottom of the valleys 

are extremely rich. The individual tree 

photographed here is colonized by Lobaria 

pulmonaria up to its canopy, and its base 

has a luxuriant population of Parmeliella 

triptophylla. Photograph: E. Sérusiaux 

(1994). 

Dans le district lorrain, et en particulier aux 

environs de Buzenol, de très vieux Quercus 

dans des chênaies mélangées de fond de 

vallée, sont exceptionnellement riches. 

L’individu photographié ici est colonisé 

jusque dans sa canopée par Lobaria 

pulmonaria et la base de son tronc comporte 

une population luxuriante de Parmeliella 

triptophylla. Photographie: E. Sérusiaux 

(1994). 

In het Lotharings district, met name bij 

Buzenol, zijn de stammen van oude 

Quercus in gemengd bos diep in het dal 

bijzonder rijk aan korstmossen. De boom op 

de foto is tot de kroon bedekt met Lobaria 

pulmonaria, en op de basis groeit een rijke 

populatie Parmeliella tryptophylla. Foto: E. 

Sérusiaux (1994). 

e territoire couvert par le présent travail comprend la Belgique, le Grand-Duché de 

Luxembourg et les parties avoisinantes du nord de la France (Fig. 1). Celles-ci 

concernent les départements du Nord (59), des Ardennes (08), de la Meuse (55, partie nord 

seulement), Meurthe-et-Moselle (54, partie nord seulement) et Moselle (57). Les Pays-Bas 

et l’Allemagne ne sont pas pris en considération, quoique, pour les espèces les plus rares 

ou les plus intéressantes, leur présence dans des localités très proches des frontières soit 

mentionnée. 

Nous décrivons ci-après très brièvement les districts phytogéographiques de ce territoire, dans 

le contexte bien entendu des habitats qu’ils peuvent procurer à la flore lichénique. Ces districts 

sont ceux de la ‘Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la 

France et des Régions voisines’ (Lambinon et al. 1993: XXI-XXIV) (Fig. 2). Notre synthèse 

s’appuie essentiellement sur les travaux de Lambinon (1969: 81-90) et Tanghe (1975).


Le district maritime (en abrégé: Mar.) est une plaine côtière, très fortement urbanisée et 

industrialisée, essentiellement formée de polders. La douceur relative du climat, la présence 

d’embruns et la force relative des vents sont les facteurs déterminants de la flore 

lichénique. Quelques dunes sableuses subsistent encore; les dépressions de sable plus ou 

moins fixé (les ‘pannes’ sèches), lorsqu’elles ne sont pas trop surpiétinées, sont colonisées 

par des tapis bryo-lichéniques dominés par des espèces calcicoles ou silicicoles selon le 

degré d’acidification du sable (Fig. 3). Les fourrés de buissons qui les envahissent ensuite 

fournissent un habitat apprécié par plusieurs espèces épiphytiques. Cette flore épiphytique, 

souvent appauvrie, est cependant surtout présente sur les arbres isolés, le long des 

canaux ou aux alentours des fermes, mais une importante pollution atmosphérique 

l’affecte encore fortement aujourd’hui (Fig. 4). Il n’y a pratiquement aucun espace 

forestier. Le district ne comporte aucun rocher naturel, mais les constructions et surtout 

les digues de mer fournissent un substrat pour quelques espèces saxicoles. 

Le district flandrien (abr.: Fl.) n’offre, lui aussi, que très peu de relief; il correspond aux 

plaines de sable quaternaire déposé sur des sables et argiles éocènes ou plus récents. Il est 

très fortement urbanisé et industrialisé, y compris dans les espaces agricoles. Ainsi les 

landes à Ericaceae ont-elles pratiquement disparu. De même, il n’y a aucun affleurement 

rocheux naturel et les espaces forestiers sont très réduits et profondément altérés. La flore 

lichénique est localisée sur les arbres isolés, sur les vieux murs, notamment ceux des 

églises et des cimetières (Fig. 5), mais ne présente plus aujourd’hui aucune caractéristique 

saillante, toutes les espèces atlantiques de vieilles forêts observées dans ce district jusqu’à 

la fin du XIX e siècle ayant totalement disparu. 

Le district campinien (abr.: Camp.) correspond également à de vastes dépôts sablonneux 

d’origine quaternaire et est aussi très urbanisé et industrialisé. Les terrasses de 

graviers pléistocènes de la partie orientale atteignent 100 m d’altitude et portaient localement 

jusqu’à la dernière guerre mondiale de vastes dunes et landes à bruyères. Tous ces 

espaces semi-naturels ont aujourd’hui quasiment disparu avec leur flore lichénique caractéristique. 

Comme pour le district flandrien, il n’y a pas d’affleurement naturel de rochers 

et les espaces forestiers sont artificiels. 

Le district brabançon (abr.: Brab.) est un vaste plateau mollement ondulé, très largement 

couvert de limons pléistocènes et ne dépassant guère 200 m d’altitude. Mis à part 

quelques massifs forestiers, correspondant le plus souvent à des affleurements sableux 

moins fertiles, et très abîmés, ces espaces sont voués à l’agriculture intensive. La flore 

lichénique est donc très réduite, d’autant que le sillon Haine-Sambre-Meuse qui borde ce 

district sur son flanc sud est très industrialisé et pollué. Les fortes nuances atlantiques 

qui se manifestent dans la flore forestière du district, surtout vers l’ouest, ne s’expriment 

plus dans sa flore lichénique, réduite maintenant à des espèces banales et toxitolérantes. 

Quelques affleurements rocheux de petite taille existent dans les vallées, mais leur flore 

lichénique est très pauvre. 

Le district mosan (abr.: Mosan) a une altitude qui oscille entre 200 et 300 m et 

bénéficie d’une qualité de l’air supérieure à celle des districts précédents. Il abrite une 

flore lichénique exceptionnelle de par les nombreux affleurements rocheux naturels qu’il


présente dans les principales vallées, essentiellement les vallées de la Meuse, du Viroin, 

de la Lesse et de l’Ourthe (Fig. 7). Ces affleurements de calcaires souvent très compacts 

datent du Dévonien et du Carbonifère. La flore lichénique associée aux groupements du 

Xerobromion montre des affinités subméditerranéennes marquées et de nombreuses 

espèces atteignent ici la limite septentrionale de leur aire de répartition. D’autres 

affleurements, plus limités, sont plus franchement silicicoles et ne manquent également 

pas d’intérêt. La flore forestière du district est assez banale, avec quelques exceptions 

liées aux massifs forestiers les mieux préservés et comportant de vieux arbres. Les arbres 

de bords de routes sont localement fort intéressants, mais la pollution atmosphérique et 

surtout la disparition des Ulmus a fortement affecté la flore lichénique (Fig. 6). Les 

milieux semi-naturels de pelouses (Mesobromion) et de landes à bruyères sont 

aujourd’hui fort réduits mais abritent toujours une flore lichénique intéressante. 

Le district ardennais (abr.: Ard.) est d’abord caractérisé par un ensemble de vallées, 

étroites ou largement évasées, qui entaillent un massif de roches franchement siliceuses 

datant du Cambrien, de l’Ordovicien et du Dévonien inférieur, et dont l’altitude 

oscille entre 250 et 694 m (point culminant dans la partie la plus orientale) (Fig. 8). Le 

contexte de ces vallées est essentiellement forestier, et le flanc sud (de Bouillon à la 

forêt d’Anlier, en comptant les environs de Chiny et d’Herbeumont) comporte encore 

des milieux que l’on peut qualifier de bien préservés (Fig. 9). Certes la qualité de l’air 

et les techniques modernes de gestion forestière compromettent l’avenir de beaucoup 

des espèces les plus fragiles, mais, à l’échelle du NW de l’Europe, la flore lichénique du 

district ardennais, tant pour ce qui concerne les espèces épiphytes que saxicoles peut 

être considéré comme de première importance. Ce sont cependant des prairies d’élevage 

de plus en plus intensif et des plantations de résineux exotiques qui dominent 

largement les plateaux; leur intérêt lichénique est très faible. Les milieux seminaturels, 

en particulier les landes à Ericaceae, ont aujourd’hui quasiment disparu, 

mais la flore lichénique trouve un habitat de substitution très important dans les 

carrières abandonnées, notamment dans la région de Vielsalm. La flore de la partie la 

plus occidentale du massif montre de nombreuses nuances atlantiques tandis que la 

partie orientale, plus haute en altitude, semble comporter davantage d’espèces 

montagnardes. Enfin, la flore des vallées du SE, en particulier dans l’Oesling luxembourgeois, 

est plus continentale. La Haute Ardenne correspond à la partie du district 

ardennais dont l’altitude est supérieure à 550 m. 

Le district lorrain (abr.: Lorr.) est une partie du vaste bassin sédimentaire de Paris et 

correspond à des formations géologiques du Secondaire, en particulier les grès, sables et 

argiles du Trias et du Jurassique inférieur. Son relief en cuesta est très caractéristique 

et a permis le maintien de massifs forestiers, encore bien préservés et de première 

importance pour la flore lichénique. Les gorges des environs de Berdorf au Grand-Duché 

de Luxembourg (Fig. 11) sont également un haut-lieu de la lichénologie du territoire 

étudié. Si les milieux semi-naturels riches en lichens sont devenus fort rares (Fig. 12), 

par contre, la végétation des arbres de bords de routes a pu localement garder des 

groupements très intéressants (Fig. 10). Le sous-district ‘Moselle’ correspond aux 

affleurements calcaires du Muschelkalk (Trias).

H 


Het gebied dat in deze checklist wordt behandeld 

et gebied waarop deze publicatie betrekking heeft, omvat België en het Groothertogdom 

Luxemburg, en aangrenzende gebieden in Noord-Frankrijk (Fig. 1), waarvan 

de volgende departementen (met nummers van de bestuurlijke indeling): Nord (59), 

Ardennes (08), Meuse (55, alleen het noordelijke deel), Meurthe-et-Moselle (54, alleen 

het noordelijke deel) en Moselle (57). Nederland en Duitsland worden niet behandeld, 

maar als zeer zeldzame of interessante soorten dicht bij de grens voorkomen, dan worden 

ze wel genoemd. 

Hieronder worden de fytogeografische districten van het onderzochte gebied in het kort 

beschreven, met nadruk op de biotopen die ze voor korstmossen te bieden hebben. De 

districten zijn dezelfde als in de ‘Flora van België, het Groothertogdom Luxemburg, 

Noord-Frankrijk en de aangrenzende gebieden’ (Lambinon et al. 1995: XXI-XXIV) (Fig. 

2). De beschrijving is voornamelijk gebaseerd op het werk van Lambinon (1969: 81-90) 

en Tanghe (1975). 

Het Maritiem district (afgekort: Mar.) is een sterk geürbaniseerde en geïndustrialiseerde 

aan de kust gelegen vlakte, die voor het grootste deel uit polders bestaat. Het 

milde klimaat, de zoute en vrij sterke wind zijn belangrijke factoren voor de korstmosflora. 

Er zijn nog enkele duingebieden aanwezig. Mits niet te veel betreden, worden 

droge duinvalleien gekoloniseerd door tapijten van mossen en korstmossen: kalkminnende 

of kalkmijdende soorten, afhankelijk van de zuurgraad van het zand (Fig. 3). 

Oprukkend struweel bieden een geschikte groeiplaats voor diverse epifyten. Vrijstaande 

bomen langs sloten en bij boerderijen zijn een belangrijke groeiplaats voor de overigens 

verarmde epifytenflora (Fig. 4). De luchtvervuiling is nog steeds groot en beïnvloed de 

korstmosflora duidelijk. In het Maritiem district komt geen natuurlijk gesteente voor, 

maar gebouwen en ook zeedijken vormen een substraat voor verschillende steenbewonende 

soorten. 

Het Vlaams district (afgekort: Fl.) is ook een tamelijk vlak gebied; het omvat afzettingen 

van zand uit het Kwartair over zand en klei uit het Eoceen of van meer recentere 

tijd. Het is sterk geürbaniseerd en geïndustrialiseerd, ook met agrarische bedrijven. Er 

is nog maar weinig over van de heidegebieden. Ook komt er geen natuurlijk gesteente 

aan de oppervlakte en bosgebieden zijn sterk afgenomen en door de mens veranderd. 

Groeiplaatsen van korstmossen zijn beperkt tot vrijstaande bomen en oude muren, zoals 

van kerken en begraafplaatsen (Fig. 5). Het belangrijkste verlies is het volledig verdwijnen 

van atlantische soorten uit oude bossen, die tot het einde van de negentiende 

eeuw voorkwamen. 

Het Kempens district (afgekort: Camp.) omvat ook zand-afzettingen uit het Kwartair en 

is ook sterk bebouwd en geïndustrialiseerd. De grindterrassen uit het Pleistoceen in het 

oosten bereiken een hoogte van 100 m. Tot aan de tweede wereldoorlog werden ze hier en 

daar bedekt met hoge zandduinen en droge heides. Al dit soort halfnatuurlijke biotopen 

zijn samen met hun karakteristieke korstmosflora grotendeels verdwenen. Net als in het 

Vlaams district is er geen natuurlijk gesteente en zijn de meeste bossen aangeplant.


Het Brabants district (afgekort: Brab.) is een groot, zacht glooiend plateau dat voor 

het grootste deel bedekt wordt met löss-afzettingen uit het Pleistoceen, die soms tot meer 

dan 200 m boven zeeniveau liggen. Het meeste land wordt voor intensieve landbouw gebruikt. 

Ook zijn er diverse afgetakelde bosgebieden, die meestal in de minder vruchtbare 

gebieden en op zandgronden gelegen zijn. Niet alleen hierdoor is de korstmosflora sterk 

gereduceerd, maar ook omdat het dal van Haine, Sambre en Maas - aan de zuidrand van 

het district - sterk door de industrie verontreinigd is. De atlantische elementen die vooral 

in het westen karakteristiek zijn voor de bosflora, ontbreken in de korstmosflora die 

beperkt is tot gewone en toxitolerante soorten. Er zijn kleine rotsontsluitingen in de 

valleien, maar de korstmosflora is daar zeer arm. 

Het Maas-district (afgekort: Mosan) ligt op een hoogte variërend van 200 tot 300 m en 

heeft een betere luchtkwaliteit dan de hiervoor genoemde districten. Het herbergt een buitengewone 

korstmosflora, wat te danken is aan de vele rotsen in de grote valleien, vooral 

langs de Maas, de Viroin, de Lesse en de Ourthe (Fig. 7). Deze kalkrotsen bestaan gewoonlijk 

uit compact gesteente uit het Devoon of Carboon. De korstmosflora toont samen 

met de Xerobromion-gemeenschappen sub-mediterrane elementen, en veel soorten bereiken 

hier de noordgrens van hun areaal. Ook zijn er enkele silicaatrotsen met een zeer interessante 

flora. In de bossen is de korstmosflora weinig bijzonder, met uitzondering van een 

aantal goed bewaarde bosfragmenten met oude bomen. Laanbomen zijn plaatselijk zeer interessant, 

hoewel luchtverontreiniging en vooral ook het kappen van iepen de flora sterk 

heeft verarmd (Fig. 6). Halfnatuurlijke biotopen, zoals de Mesobromion-gemeenschappen en 

heiden, zijn sterk afgenomen, maar herbergen nog steeds een interessante korstmosflora. 

Het Ardens district (afgekort: Ard.) wordt voornamelijk gekarakteriseerd door valleien, 

smal of vrij breed, die snijden door een massief van silicaatrots, daterend uit het Cambrium, 

Ordovicium of Onder-Devoon (Fig. 8). De hoogte varieert van 250 tot 694 m (het hoogste punt 

gelegen in het meest oostelijke deel). Het landschap bestaat in de valleien vooral uit bos, en 

het zuidelijke deel (van Bouillon tot het Forêt d’Anlier, samen met het aangrenzende deel van 

Chiny en Herbeumont) herbergt nog goed bewaarde biotopen (Fig. 9). Luchtverontreiniging en 

moderne bosbouw bedreigen de toekomst van de meest gevoelige soorten. Voor Noordwest 

Europa is de korstmosflora van het Ardens district van groot belang, voor zowel epifyten als 

steenbewonende soorten. Halfnatuurlijke biotopen, vooral droge heiden, zijn nu vrijwel verdwenen, 

maar verlaten groeves, vooral bij Vielsalm, bieden hiervoor een vervangend biotoop. 

De flora van de meest westelijk gelegen delen van het massief vertoont een vrijsterk atlantisch 

karakter, terwijl de meest oostelijke, vaak hoger gelegen delen meer montane soorten herbergen. 

De flora in het zuidoosten, vooral in de Oesling in Luxemburg, is meer continentaal. 

Het Lotharings district (afgekort: Lorr.) is een deel van het sedimentair bassin van 

Parijs en bestaat uit gesteente uit het Mesozoïcum, voornamelijk zandsteen, zand en klei 

uit Trias en Onder-Jura. Het reliëf met de zo karakteristieke cuesta’s heeft ertoe geleid 

dat veel bosgebieden goed bewaard zijn gebleven en van grote betekenis zijn voor de 

korstmosflora. De passen bij Berdorf in Luxemburg (Fig. 11) zijn - in het onderzochte 

gebied - een Mekka voor lichenologen. Halfnatuurlijke gebieden met veel korstmossen 

zijn zeldzaam in het district (Fig. 12). Op bomen langs wegen zijn plaatselijk 

interessante epifytenvegetaties te vinden (Fig. 10). In het subdistrict ‘Moezel’ komen 

kalkrotsen voor die uit Muschelkalk (Trias) bestaan.

T 


The lichenological exploration of the study area 

- a short historical overview 

he lichens of Belgium and Luxembourg have been little studied, and most relevant 

works are merely short notes or even just anecdotes included in excursion reports. 

Several important landmarks can nevertheless be recognized, with several famous 

names involved. The aim of this chapter is therefore to provide a short historical overview 

of the lichenological exploration of the study area; it is mainly based on the synthesis 

of J. Lambinon (1966, 1969). 

Two undisputed personalities dominate the lichenological world in Belgium around the 

mid XIXth century: M.-A. Libert and J. Kickx. M.-A. Libert (1782-1865) worked in the 

Malmédy region, which at that time belonged to Germany and was later incorporated 

into Belgium by the Versailles treaty (1919); this explains why her results were not 

mentioned in the ‘Prodrome de la Flore de Belgique’ published beforehand (De Wildeman 

1898). Whilst the four magnificent exsiccata fascicles she dedicated to the 

Fig. 13. Title page of Libert’s 

‘Plantae Cryptogamicae quas in 

Arduenna collegit’ (1830). 

Page de couverture des ‘Plantae 

Cryptogamicae quas in Arduenna 

collegit’ (1830) de Libert. 

Titelpagina van Libert’s ‘Plantae 

Cryptogamicae quas in Arduenna 

collegit’ (1830).


cryptogams found near Malmédy (Fig. 13) contain very few lichens, her herbarium, now 

housed at BR, has many, most of them collected and processed with great care and 

demonstrating how astonishing the lichen biodiversity of the area was at that time. 

Except for a few specimens, her herbarium remains to be studied. No doubt such a study 

would result in several changes to the current checklist: species new for the study area 

are expected to be found, but most should unfortunately appear as extinct since then. 

Although his herbarium (now preserved in GENT) is also of tremendous interest, the 

work of J. Kickx (1803-64) is mainly composed of two most remarkable publications: a 

monograph of the ‘Graphidées’ found in Belgium (1865), and especially his ‘Flore Cryptogamique 

des Flandres’ (1867) (Fig. 14), a posthumous work which still is the only 

complete lichen flora to have ever been published for a part of the territory dealt with in 

this checklist. 

Fig. 14. Excerpt from 

the ‘Flore cryptogamique 

des Flandres’ by 

Kickx (1867: 279). 

Extrait de la ‘Flore cryptogamique 

des Flandres’ 

par Kickx (1867: 279). 

Passage uit de ‘Flore 

cryptogamique des Flandres’ 

van Kickx (1867: 

279). 

It would be unfair not to mention two other Belgian botanists of that period. Firstly, 

Father F. J. Germain (1818-60) who collected near Bastogne and, in 1855, published 

romantic sentences like the following, speaking about Lobaria pulmonaria and Lobarina 

scrobiculata: ‘The Ardenne forests which have rather old trees allow the botanist to 

harvest plentifully those nice lichens, near which it is impossible to pass along without 

at least an admiring glimpse’. For the whole of Belgium and Luxembourg, there are now 

at best 40 trees on which the first species can be observed, sometimes in quite low 

quantities. Near Bastogne, all forests are now spruce plantations with almost only the 

ubiquitous Hypogymnia physodes.


Secondly, Father E. Coemans (1825-71), who issued an all the more interesting set of 

exsiccata of Belgian Cladonia (‘Cladoniae Belgicae Exsiccatae’) (Fig. 15) as the material 

was mainly collected in the lower parts of Belgium (‘Basse-Belgique’ and ‘Moyenne- 

Belgique’) which are now very poor in lichens. 

Fig. 15. Title page of Coemans’ ‘Cladoniae 

Belgicae Exsiccatae’ (1863). 

Page de couverture des ‘Cladoniae Belgicae 

Exsiccatae’ de Coemans (1863). 

Titelpagina van Coemans’ ‘Cladoniae Belgicae 

Exsiccatae’ (1863). 

In Luxembourg, three lichenologists honoured the beginning of the XIXth century: L. 

Marchand, F.-A. Tinant and J.-B. Reinhard. In 1829-30, L. Marchand (1807-43) 

published a Flora of the cryptogams found in Luxembourg, comprising about 200 lichen 

species (Fig. 16). His herbarium, apparently rather rich, unfortunately disappeared 

during a fire at the University of Liège in the middle of the XIXth century, and there is 

now no specimen left. 

On the other hand, F.-A. Tinant (1803-53) and Dr J.-B. Reinhard (1810-89) never 

published on lichens, except for a short paper by Tinant (1826) on the Grengewald forest 

near Luxembourg city in which he mentions three lichen species. Their herbaria are


quite rich and now housed in LUX. Unfortunately, the collections bear no indications on 

their localities of origin. However, one can be quite confident that the Tinant collections 

originate from Luxembourg, especially from the ‘Gutland’, while those of Reinhard come 

from the Echternach area (either from Luxembourg or from nearby Germany). Another 

non-professional lichenologist, school-teacher M. G. Z. Werner from Mersch (1796-1862), 

gathered lichens around 1830-1835, and about 130 collections of his have recently been 

discovered in LUX. 

Fig. 16. Excerpt from ‘Derde verhandeling 

over de cryptogamische planten 

van het Groothertogdom Luxemburg’ 

by Marchand (1830: 198). 

Extrait de ‘Derde verhandeling over de 

cryptogamische planten van het Groothertogdom 

Luxemburg’ par Marchand 

(1830: 198). 

Passage uit de ‘Derde verhandeling 

over de cryptogamische planten van 

het Groothertogdom Luxemburg’ van 

Marchand (1830: 198). 

Also of interest is an excursion by V. Bronn (1796-1834) and R. J. Courtois (1806-35) in 

the Meuse valley, in the Ardenne and in Luxembourg in July 1826. Their report (Bronn 

& Courtois 1827) mentions many lichen species. 

During the last decades of the XIX th century, railway construction, especially in the Meuse 

valley and through the Ardenne, opened up the exploration of those areas to leading 

botanists. In spite of the considerable losses they had suffered, those areas offer today the 

best localities for the rarest and most vulnerable lichen species. Those botanists published 

their results in scattered floristical notes, and most of their collections are now in BR. 

They are C. Aigret, C.-H. Delogne, C. Dens, A. Douret, G. Lochenies, E. Pâque, F. Pietquin 

and A. Tonglet (the latter asked for support to Father A.-M. Hue in Paris who published 

several species new to science on the basis of material he had collected near Dinant). This 

remarkable period came to an end with the publication of two major works: the monograph 

of Belgian Cladonia by Aigret (1901) and the chapter ‘Lichens’ in the ‘Prodrome de la Flore 

de Belgique’ published by De Wildeman (1898) (Fig. 17). The latter work is the first 

methodical inventory of all lichens known in Belgium and still is an indispensable 

reference for any floristic work on those organisms in the country.


Fig. 17. Excerpt from the 

‘Prodrome de la Flore Belge’ 

by De Wildeman (1898: 463). 

Extrait du ‘Prodrome de la 

Flore Belge’ par De Wildeman 

(1898: 463). 

Passage uit de ‘Prodrome 

de la Flore Belge’ van De 

Wildeman (1898: 463). 

In Luxembourg, botanist J.-P.-J. Koltz (1827-1907) hardly knew lichen taxonomy but 

nevertheless wanted to publish a complete ‘Prodrome’ of the flora of his country. He can 

claim credit for having gathered all available lichen collections and having submitted 

them to foreign colleagues for identification. Unfortunately, the results were published 

in a very uncritical way. The work was first published in 1885 for the macrolichens only, 

and eventually in 1897 for all lichens (Fig. 18). The work of mycologist J. Feltgen from 

Mersch (1833-1904) should also be pointed out, as he collected and published more than 

150 lichen species, mostly gathered near Mersch (Feltgen 1902, a work published by his 

son E. Feltgen). 

Fig. 18. Excerpt from the 

‘Prodrome de la flore du 

Grand-Duché de Luxembourg’ 

by Koltz (1897: 

325). 

Extrait du ‘Prodrome de 

la flore du Grand-Duché 

de Luxembourg’ par Koltz 

(1897: 325). 

Passage uit de ‘Prodrome 

de la flore du Grand- 

Duché de Luxembourg’ 

van Koltz (1897: 325).


The beginning of the XXth century can claim acquaintance only with the French lichenologist 

M. Bouly de Lesdain (1869-1965), most of whose collections were unfortunately 

destroyed during the bombing of Dunkerque in 1940. As far as our study area is 

concerned, Bouly de Lesdain mainly worked near Dunkerque (France, dept. Nord) from 

where he described many taxa new to science (lichens and lichenicolous fungi). In 

Belgium, he notably collected near Spa. In northern France, another prominent 

lichenologist, Father J. Harmand (1844-1915) published a ‘Catalogue descriptif des 

lichens observés dans la Lorraine’ (Harmand 1894). This flora mainly concerns the 

southern part of the Lorraine, an area not studied in the present checklist. 

Towards the end of the thirties, P. Duvigneaud (1913-91) started his studies, particularly 

with the publication of his ‘Catalogue des Lichens de Belgique’, written in collaboration 

with L. Giltay (Duvigneaud & Giltay 1938) (Fig. 19). Just like the ‘Prodrome’ of De Wildeman, 

this catalogue is an invaluable reference, though it is a mere uncritical compilation 

of data extracted from literature and devoid of any chorological or ecological information. 

Between 1937 and 1952, P. Duvigneaud published many notes on Belgian lichens, especially 

a fascinating review of epiphytic cryptogamic communities (Duvigneaud 1942). 

Fig. 19. Excerpt from the ‘Catalogue 

des Lichens de Belgique’ by 

Duvigneaud & Giltay (1938: 19). 

Extrait du ‘Catalogue des Lichens 

de Belgique’ par Duvigneaud & 

Giltay (1938: 19). 

Passage uit de ‘Catalogue des Lichens 

de Belgique’ van Duvigneaud 

& Giltay (1938: 19). 

Early in the sixties, several botanists at the University of Liège started research on 

Belgian lichens, particularly with detailed studies on the use of lichen acids in taxonomy. 

The publications of J. Lambinon clearly dominate that period; they are to culminate with 

his brilliant synthesis ‘Les Lichens’ (Lambinon 1969). This work includes thorough 

identification keys to the macrolichens of Belgium and Luxembourg. They still represent 

a key reference on that matter nowadays, and no doubt they stimulated many botanists 

to study those cryptogams, kept away from the main stream of interests of botanists in 

Belgium and Luxembourg for such a long time. 

During the fifties and the sixties, German lichenologist T. Müller (1894-1969) was mainly 

interested in the ‘Eifel’ but extended his area of research into Belgium, especially into an 

area near Malmédy about which he published a short but very interesting note (Müller 

1958). He eventually published a synthesis of his work (Müller 1965) which is also an


invaluable reference. His herbarium had been inaccessible for a long time; it is not the 

case anymore and therefore it is now possible to examine the species he mentioned from 

the area studied in the present checklist. This should be done in the near future. 

As far as we are concerned, we assumed to carry on the lichenological exploration of Belgium 

and Luxembourg early in the eighties, starting with the epiphytic communities, 

and then the saxicolous ones, and trying to identify all species encountered, focusing 

especially on crustose species and lichenicolous fungi. We could rely on the experience of 

J. Lambinon, who shared with us his experience and collections, on the help of many 

colleagues and friends from abroad who helped us in the identification of critical taxa, 

and on several Dutch colleagues who are very interested in the lichen flora of our countries. 

The collaboration of two of them (P. P. G. van den Boom and A. M. Brand) is 

acknowledged by their association to the publication of this work. We must not forget to 

mention the diligent mapping of the distribution of macrolichens in Luxembourg by E. 

Wagner-Schaber (1987), and especially the recent studies conducted by students of the 

University of Gent (especially the PhD thesis of M. Hoffmann on epiphytic lichens and 

communities in western parts of Flanders, presented in 1993). 

The paradox of the past fifteen years of research is obvious: on one hand, we have been 

able to highlight an unsuspected lichen biodiversity in the study area, including rare or 

poorly known species and even several which turned out to be new to science; and on the 

other hand, we have witnessed a major decrease and impoverishment because of the 

very strong impact of human activities on the environment and natural and seminatural 

habitats. During that period, air pollution has dramatically changed: acid 

pollution has strongly decreased, but high levels of nitrates and summer-time ozone are 

now common, especially north of the line Sambre-Meuse-Vesdre. Almost complete 

obliteration of many sites of high interest has occurred; forestry management is now 

much more intensive and is a major threat to the lichen diversity within the study area. 

For dozens of species first discovered during this work, population level is so low 

(sometimes reduced to a few individuals only) that any stochastic event can jeopardize 

their future. May this checklist attract attention upon the little-known organisms that 

lichens and their lichenicolous fungi are: they are amongst the best indicators of our 

environmental quality. 

Bref historique de la recherche lichénique en Belgique, 

au Luxembourg et dans le nord de la France 

L 

es lichens de Belgique, du Luxembourg et des parties limitrophes du nord de la 

France ont été peu étudiés, et les travaux qui s’y rapportent sont trop souvent des mentions 

brèves, voire anecdotiques, dans des compte-rendus d’excursions. Quelques étapes 

importantes peuvent cependant être distinguées et quelques grands noms s’y rattachent 

clairement. Le but de ce paragraphe est ainsi de brosser un bref historique de la recherche 

lichénique dans le territoire couvert par notre checklist, historique d’ailleurs essentiellement 

basé sur la synthèse de Lambinon (1966 et 1969).


Incontestablement, deux personnalités belges dominent le milieu du XIXe siècle: M.-A. 

Libert et J. Kickx. M.-A. Libert (1782-1865) a travaillé dans la région de Malmédy, 

laquelle ne sera rattachée à la Belgique qu’au Traité de Versailles (1919), ce qui explique 

pourquoi ses résultats ne sont pas cités dans le Prodrome de la Flore de Belgique paru 

avant cette date (De Wildeman 1898). Si ses quatre fascicules d’exsiccata de cryptogames 

(Fig. 13), une oeuvre de qualité exceptionnelle, ne comprennent que peu de lichens, son 

herbier, maintenant conservé à BR, en comporte de remarquables échantillons, 

démontrant l’étonnante biodiversité de cette région à cette époque. Pour l’essentiel, et mis 

à part quelques exceptions, cet herbier doit encore être réétudié. Il ne fait aucun doute 

qu’il permettra de modifier sensiblement le présent catalogue (espèces supplémentaires en 

particulier), même s’il est à craindre que ce soit essentiellement à titre historique. 

Bien que son herbier (conservé à GENT) soit d’un intérêt incontestable, l’oeuvre de J. 

Kickx (1803-64) est, quant à elle, davantage centrée sur deux publications remarquables: 

une monographie des ‘Graphidées’ de Belgique (1865), et surtout une Flore Cryptogamique 

des Flandres (1867) (Fig. 14), oeuvre posthume et qui, à ce jour, est la seule flore 

lichénique complète à avoir jamais été publiée sur une portion du territoire belge. 

Il serait dommage de ne pas citer pour cette époque deux autres botanistes. D’une part, 

l’abbé F. J. Germain (1818-60) récolta dans les environs de Bastogne et publia en 1855 

des phrases telles que celle-ci, en parlant de Lobaria pulmonaria et Lobarina scrobiculata: 

‘Les forêts des Ardennes qui possèdent des arbres un peu vieux permettent au botaniste de 

faire une ample moisson de ces beaux lichens, près desquels il est impossible de passer 

sans y jeter au moins un coup d’oeil d’admiration’. Pour toute la Belgique et le 

Luxembourg, il reste aujourd’hui moins de 40 arbres sur lesquels la première espèce peut 

encore être observée, parfois en très petites quantités ! Et d’autre part, l’abbé E. Coemans 

(1825-71) publia un exsiccata des Cladonia de Belgique (‘Cladoniae Belgicae exsiccatae’) 

(Fig. 15) tout à fait intéressant, et d’autant plus qu’ils ont été pour l’essentiel récoltés en 

Basse et Moyenne-Belgique, des régions aujourd’hui très pauvres en lichens. 

Au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, trois lichénologues ont marqué le début du XIXe siècle: 

L. Marchand, F.-A. Tinant et J.-B. Reinhard. En 1829-30, L. Marchand (1807-43) publia 

une flore des cryptogames luxembourgeois, comprenant environ deux cents espèces de 

lichens (Fig. 16). Son herbier, apparemment très riche, fut malheureusement la victime 

d’un incendie à l’Université de Liège au milieu du XIXe siècle, et il n’en reste plus aucun 

spécimen. 

F.-A. Tinant (1803-53) et le Dr J.-B. Reinhard (1810-89), par contre, n’ont rien publié sur 

les lichens (si on néglige un article de Tinant (1826) sur la forêt du Grengewald près de 

Luxembourg dans lequel il signale trois espèces de lichens), mais leurs herbiers assez 

riches ont été conservés à LUX. Ces herbiers sont malheureusement dépourvus d’indications 

sur la provenance des spécimens. On peut cependant admettre que les collections de 

Tinant proviennent bien du Luxembourg (surtout du Gutland), tandis que celles de 

Reinhard proviennent de la région d’Echternach (Luxembourg ou région allemande 

avoisinante). Un autre lichénologue amateur, l’instituteur M. G. Z. Werner de Mersch, a 

récolté des lichens vers 1830-35, et environ 130 de ses spécimens ont été retrouvés 

récemment à LUX.


Il est également intéressant de signaler une excursion botanique par V. Bronn (1796-1834) 

et R. J. Courtois (1806-35) dans la vallée de la Meuse, dans l’Ardenne, et dans le Grand- 

Duché de Luxembourg en juillet 1826, dans le rapport de laquelle de nombreux lichens 

sont signalés (Bronn & Courtois 1827). 

L’avènement du chemin de fer, en particulier la construction des lignes dans la vallée de 

la Meuse et au travers de l’Ardenne, va amener plusieurs botanistes belges, surtout à la 

fin du siècle, à se déplacer vers ces terroirs, qui, malgré les pertes considérables qu’ils ont 

subies, restent encore aujourd’hui des lieux privilégiés pour les lichens. Ils publieront 

leurs résultats dans des notes floristiques assez éparses, et leurs collections sont 

aujourd’hui essentiellement conservées à BR. Ce sont en particulier C. Aigret, C.-H. 

Delogne, C. Dens, A. Douret, G. Lochenies, E. Pâque, F. Pietquin et A. Tonglet (lequel fera 

d’ailleurs appel à l’abbé A.-M. Hue à Paris, qui décrira plusieurs espèces nouvelles sur 

base du matériel qu’il avait récolté dans la région de Dinant). Cette période remarquable 

se termina par la parution de deux ouvrages marquants: d’une part, la monographie des 

Cladonia de Belgique par Aigret (1901) et la partie ‘Lichens’ du Prodrome de la Flore de 

Belgique (De Wildeman 1898) (Fig. 17). Ce dernier travail comprend le premier relevé 

systématique des lichens de Belgique et reste une référence incontournable pour l’étude 

floristique des lichens dans ce pays. 

Au Luxembourg, le botaniste J.-P.-J. Koltz (1827-1907), qui ne s’intéressait guère à la 

taxonomie des lichens, voulait également publier un prodrome complet de la flore de son 

pays. Il a le mérite d’avoir rassemblé les anciens herbiers disponibles, et d’avoir soumis 

toutes les collections de lichens à des lichénologues étrangers pour identification. Les 

résultats ont été publiés, malheureusement sous forme très peu critique, dans le volume 

Lichens de son Prodrome de la flore du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, paru d’abord en 

1885 (uniquement les macrolichens), puis en 1897 (tous les lichens) (Fig. 18). Citons 

encore le mycologue J. Feltgen (1833-1904), qui a récolté et publié plus de 150 espèces de 

lichens, surtout dans les environs de Mersch (voir Feltgen 1902, oeuvre publiée par son 

fils E. Feltgen). 

Le début du XXe siècle ne connait guère que les contributions du lichénologue français M. 

Bouly de Lesdain (1869-1965), dont l’essentiel de l’herbier a malheureusement été détruit 

lors des bombardements de Dunkerque en 1940. En ce qui concerne le territoire étudié par 

ce catalogue, Bouly de Lesdain a surtout travaillé dans la région de Dunkerque (France, 

dépt. Nord), région de laquelle il décrivit un grand nombre de taxa nouveaux pour la 

science (lichens et champignons lichénicoles). En Belgique, il récolta notamment dans les 

environs de Spa. Dans le nord de la France, un autre lichénologue éminent, l’abbé J. 

Harmand (1844-1915), a publié un Catalogue descriptif des lichens observés dans la Lorraine 

(Harmand 1894). Cette flore concerne en majeure partie le sud de la Lorraine, 

région non considérée par la présente checklist. 

A la fin des années 30 démarrent les travaux de P. Duvigneaud (1913-91), avec notamment 

la parution du Catalogue des Lichens de Belgique, publié avec L. Giltay 

(Duvigneaud & Giltay 1938) (Fig. 19). A l’instar du Prodrome de De Wildeman, ce 

catalogue est une référence très précieuse, bien qu’il ne soit qu’une compilation, non 

critique, des données de la littérature, et qu’il ne comprenne aucune indication écologique


ou chorologique. De 1937 à 1952, P. Duvigneaud publie de nombreuses notes sur les 

lichens belges, avec notamment une synthèse intéressante des groupements de cryptogames 

épiphytes (Duvigneaud 1942). 

Dès les années 60, plusieurs botanistes de l’Université de Liège entament des recherches 

sur les lichens belges, et démarrent notamment des travaux plus pointus sur l’utilisation 

des acides lichéniques en taxonomie. Ce sont bien évidemment les publications de J. 

Lambinon qui dominent cette période; elles culmineront avec son travail de synthèse 

‘Les Lichens’ (Lambinon 1969), comprenant tout spécialement des clés très fouillées 

d’identification des macrolichens de Belgique et des régions voisines. Elles font toujours 

autorité aujourd’hui et ont incontestablement amené de nombreux botanistes à s’intéresser 

à ces cryptogames, trop longtemps tenus à l’écart des préoccupations des naturalistes 

belges. 

Pendant les années 50 et 60, le lichénologue allemand T. Müller (1894-1969) s’est 

intéressé à l’Eifel, mais a largement débordé dans notre territoire, en particulier dans la 

région de Malmédy, à propos de laquelle il publiera une note fort intéressante (Müller 

1958). En 1965, il publie une synthèse de ses travaux (Müller 1965), et celle-ci constitue 

également une référence essentielle. Son herbier a longtemps été inaccessible: ce n’est 

heureusement plus le cas depuis quelques mois, et il sera donc possible d’examiner le 

matériel qu’il a cité de notre territoire. 

Pour notre part, dès le début des années 1980, nous avons entrepris de poursuivre 

l’exploration lichénique du territoire, d’abord pour les communautés épiphytiques puis 

pour les communautés saxicoles, et d’identifier toutes les espèces présentes, et tout particulièrement 

les lichens crustacés et les champignons lichénicoles. Cette démarche a pu 

compter sur l’appui de J. Lambinon, lequel a très largement partagé son expérience avec 

nous, sur de nombreux collègues étrangers qui ont aidé à l’identification de matériaux critiques, 

et sur plusieurs collègues néerlandais très intéressés par la flore lichénique de 

notre territoire. La collaboration de deux d’entre eux (P. P. G. van den Boom et A. M. 

Brand) est d’ailleurs bien mise en évidence par leur association à la publication de ce travail. 

Il ne faudra pas oublier de citer ici la cartographie fastidieuse des macrolichens épiphytiques 

luxembourgeois réalisée par E. Wagner-Schaber (1987), et surtout les travaux 

récents réalisés par des étudiants de l’Université de Gand, dont surtout la thèse sur les 

lichens épiphytiques de la partie occidentale de la Flandre par M. Hoffmann (1993). 

Le paradoxe de ces quelques quinze années de travail est évident: d’une part, nous avons 

découvert une richesse floristique insoupçonnée, le territoire comportant des espèces rares, 

peu connues, voire nouvelles pour la science, et d’autre part, nous avons assisté et assistons 

encore à son appauvrissement très marqué, du fait des pressions énormes que les 

activités humaines font peser sur l’environnement. Si la pollution atmosphérique a 

radicalement changé de nature au cours de cette période (les pollutions acides ont inconstablement 

diminué, remplacées aujourd’hui par des excès d’azote et des pics estivaux 

d’ozone atmosphérique), elle reste très importante, surtout au nord du sillon Sambre- 

Meuse-Vesdre. La destruction mécanique de nombreux sites et les techniques contemporaines 

d’aménagement forestier sont par ailleurs responsables de dégâts énormes à la 

flore lichénique de notre territoire. Pour des dizaines d’espèces découvertes à l’occasion de


ce travail, la seule ou les quelques populations existantes ne comportent souvent que quelques 

individus, et sont dès lors à la merci de la moindre perturbation de leurs habitats. 

Puisse cette checklist attirer l’attention sur ces organismes que sont les lichens et leurs 

champignons lichénicoles, méconnus mais exceptionnels indicateurs de la qualité d’un 

territoire. 

De geschiedenis van het lichenologisch onderzoek in 

België, Luxemburg en Noord-Frankrijk in kort bestek 

V 

an de korstmossen van België en Luxemburg en Noord-Frankrijk is maar weinig 

bekend en de meest relevante werken op dit gebied zijn slechts aantekeningen of 

anekdotes in excursieverslagen. Toch zijn er belangrijke mijlpalen te onderscheiden en 

daarmee zijn beroemde namen verbonden. Het doel van dit hoofdstuk is dan ook om een 

kort historisch overzicht te geven van het korstmossenonderzoek in het gebied waarop 

deze checklist betrekking heeft. Het is voornamelijk gebaseerd op werken van J. 

Lambinon (1966, 1969). 

Halverwege de XIX de eeuw domineerden twee onbetwiste persoonlijkheden de lichenologische 

wereld in België: M.-A. Libert en J. Kickx. M.-A. Libert (1782-1865) werkte rond 

Malmédy, dat in die tijd tot Duitsland behoorde. Pas na het Verdrag van Versailles 

(1919) werd het bij België ingelijfd, wat ook verklaart waarom haar werk niet wordt 

genoemd in de ‘Prodrome de la Flore de Belgique’ die veel eerder werd gepubliceerd (De 

Wildeman 1898). Hoewel de vier schitterende bundels exsiccaten die ze aan cryptogamen 

wijdde (Fig. 13) maar weinig korstmossen bevatten, laat haar zorgvuldig samengesteld 

en bewerkt herbarium, nu geplaatst in BR, zien hoe verbazend rijk de diversiteit aan 

korstmossen in het gebied rond Malmédy moet zijn geweest. Het grootste deel van haar 

herbarium moet nog bestudeerd worden, wat een aanzienlijke wijziging in de huidige 

checklist tot gevolg zal hebben: van veel aanvullende soorten die in haar collectie 

opduiken, zal komen vast te staan dat ze inmiddels alweer zijn verdwenen. 

Ook het herbarium van J. Kickx (1803-1864), nu aanwezig in GENT, is zeer interessant. 

Hij schreef twee opmerkelijke publicaties: een monografie van de Belgische ‘Graphidées’ 

(1865), en de ‘Flore Cryptogamique des Flandres’ (1867) (Fig. 14) die pas na zijn dood 

werd gepubliceerd. Het is de enige volledige korstmossenflora die betrekking heeft op 

een deel van het onderzoeksgebied van deze checklist. 

Er zijn nog twee andere Belgische botanici uit die tijd. Ten eerste abt F. J. Germain 

(1818-1860) die rond Bastenaken verzamelde en in 1855 romantische beelden schetste - 

we hebben het over Lobaria pulmonaria en Lobarina scrobiculata: ‘De bossen van de 

Ardennen, met hun vrij oude bomen, laten het botanici toe om overvloedig te verzamelen, 

en het is haast onmogelijk om ze voorbij te lopen zonder ze een bewonderende 

blik toe te werpen.’ In België en Luxemburg zijn nog hooguit 40 bomen waar de eerstgenoemde 

soort aanschouwd kan worden, maar vaak in kleine aantallen; bij Bastenaken is 

het oude bos nu weg en vervangen door aanplant van fijnspar.


De tweede, abt E. Coemans (1825-1871) bracht een indrukwekkende rij exsiccaten van 

Belgische Cladonia’s uit (‘Cladoniae Belgicae Exsiccatae’) (Fig. 15), waarvan het materiaal 

vooral uit de laaggelegen delen van België afkomstig is. Die zijn nu tamelijk soortenarm. 

In Luxemburg waren in het begin van de vorige eeuw drie lichenologen actief: L. 

Marchand, F.-A. Tinant en J.-B. Reinhard. In 1829-1830 publiceerde L. Marchand (1807- 

1843) een flora van de cryptogamen van Luxemburg met in totaal 200 soorten 

korstmossen (Fig. 16). Zijn herbarium, dat blijkbaar tamelijk uitgebreid geweest moet 

zijn, is halverwege de vorige eeuw bij een brand in de Universiteit van Luik geheel 

verloren gegaan. F.-A. Tinant (1803-1853) en dr. J.-B. Reinhard (1810-1889) 

publiceerden niet over korstmossen, behalve een kort artikel van Tinant (1826) over het 

bos Grengewald bij Luxemburg waarin hij drie soorten noemt. Hun herbaria zijn 

tamelijk groot en worden nu in LUX bewaard, maar helaas is niet aangegeven waar de 

collecties zijn verzameld. De collecties van Tinant zijn zeer waarschijnlijk in Gutland 

verzameld, terwijl die van Reinhard uit de streek rond Echternach afkomstig zijn, deels 

ook net over de grens in Duitsland. Schoolmeester en amateur-lichenoloog M. G. Z. 

Werner (1796-1862) uit Mersch verzamelde korstmossen in de jaren 1830-1835. 

Recentelijk zijn ongeveer 130 van zijn collecties naar herbarium LUX overgebracht. 

Interessant is ook een excursie van V. Bronn (1796-1834) en R. J. Courtois (1806-35) 

naar het Maasdal, de Ardennen en Luxemburg in juli 1826. In het verslag (Bronn & 

Courtois 1827) noemen ze vele soorten korstmossen. 

Tegen het einde van de vorige eeuw maakte de aanleg van spoorlijnen in het Maasdal en 

de Ardennen het vooraanstaande botanici mogelijk om ook deze gebieden te onderzoeken. 

Het zijn gebieden die veel te lijden hebben gehad onder de ontginningen, maar 

die tot op de dag van vandaag nog veel zeldzame en bedreigde soorten herbergen. Deze 

botanici publiceerden hun vondsten in allerlei korte artikels; hun collecties worden nu in 

BR bewaard. Het zijn C. Aigret, C.-H. Delogne, C. Dens, A. Douret, G. Lochenies, E. 

Pâque, F. Pietquin en A. Tonglet. Van de laatste is bekend dat hij eens hulp vroeg aan 

abt A.-M. Hue in Parijs die diverse soorten afkomstig uit het gebied rond Dinant nieuw 

voor de wetenschap had beschreven. Het einde van deze opmerkelijke periode wordt 

gemarkeerd door het verschijnen van twee grote werken: een monografie van de 

Belgische Cladonia’s van C. Aigret (1901) en het hoofdstuk ‘Lichens’ in de ‘Prodrome de 

la Flore de Belgique’ van De Wildeman (1898) (Fig. 17). Dit laatste werk is de eerste 

systematische inventarisatie van alle toen bekende korstmossen in België; nog steeds is 

het een onmisbaar naslagwerk voor al het floristisch onderzoek dat aan deze organismen 

wordt gedaan. 

In Luxemburg wilde J.-P.-J. Koltz (1827-1907) een volledige prodromus maken van de 

flora van zijn land, hoewel hij nauwelijks iets wist van korstmostaxonomie. Inderdaad 

heeft hij alle beschikbare korstmossencollecties bijeengebracht en laten bekijken door 

buitenlandse collega’s. Helaas werden de resultaten op een weinig kritische manier 

gepubliceerd. In 1885 verscheen een deel met alleen de macrolichenen, en uiteindelijk in 

1897 een deel met alle soorten (Fig. 18). Mycoloog J. Feltgen (1833-1904) verzamelde en 

publiceerde meer dan 150 soorten korstmossen, waarvan hij de meeste bij zijn woon-


plaats Mersch heeft verzameld (Feltgen 1902); het werk is door zijn zoon E. Feltgen 

gepubliceerd. 

Het begin van de XXste eeuw wordt gemarkeerd door het werk van de Franse lichenoloog 

M. Bouly de Lesdain. Zijn collecties zijn voor het grootste deel verloren gegaan in 1940 

bij het bombardement op Duinkerken. Wat betreft het gebied waar deze checklist 

betrekking op heeft, werkte Bouly de Lesdain vooral bij Duinkerken (Frankrijk, Dept. 

Nord) waar hij vele taxa, zowel korstmossen als lichenicole schimmels, nieuw voor de 

wetenschap beschreef. In België verzamelde hij vooral rond Spa. In Noord-Frankrijk was 

nog een andere vooraanstaande lichenoloog actief: abt J. Harmand (1844-1915) 

publiceerde een ‘Catalogue descriptif des lichens observés dans la Lorraine’ (Harmand 

1894), die vooral betrekking heeft op het zuiden van Lotharingen, een gebied dat buiten 

het bestek van deze checklist valt. 

Aan het eind van de jaren dertig begon het onderzoek van P. Duvigneaud (1913-1991) 

met als belangrijkste publicatie zijn ‘Catalogue des Lichens de Belgique’, geschreven in 

samenwerking met L. Giltay (Duvigneaud & Giltay 1938) (Fig. 19). Net als de prodromus 

van De Wildeman, is het naslagwerk van onschatbare waarde, hoewel het een weinig 

kritisch samenraapsel van literatuurgegevens is, zonder informatie over ecologie en 

verspreiding van de soorten. Tussen 1937 en 1952 publiceerde P. Duvigneaud veel korte 

artikelen over Belgische lichenen, waaronder een fascinerend artikel over epifytische 

cryptogamengemeenschappen (Duvigneaud 1942). 

In het begin van de jaren zestig begonnen verschillende botanici van de Universiteit van 

Luik met het onderzoek naar de korstmossen in België. Met name het belang van 

korstmossenstoffen voor de taxonomie kreeg hierbij de aandacht. Veruit de belangrijkste 

publicaties uit die tijd zijn afkomstig van J. Lambinon, met als hoogtepunt het brilliante 

werk ‘Les Lichens’ (Lambinon 1969). Het bevat onder meer degelijke determinatiesleutels 

voor de macrolichenen van België en Luxemburg. Nog steeds is dit een gezaghebbend werk 

dat lange tijd veel botanici heeft aangezet tot het bestuderen van cryptogamen, een terrein 

dat toen niet bepaald erg populair was in België en Luxemburg. 

In de jaren vijftig en zestig breidde de Duitse lichenoloog T. Müller (1894-1969) zijn 

werkterrein, de Eifel, nog wel eens uit naar België, met name de streek rond Malmédy, 

waarover hij een kort maar uiterst interessant verslag schrijft (Müller 1958). Uiteindelijk 

publiceerde hij een compilatie van al zijn werk (Müller 1965), nu een onmisbaar 

naslagwerk. Zijn herbarium is lange tijd ontoegankelijk geweest, maar het is nu weer 

mogelijk om de soorten te bekijken die hij voor het gebied opgeeft. Dit zal in de nabije 

toekomst worden gedaan. 

Voor wat ons betreft, hebben wij vanaf het begin van de jaren tachtig het korstmossenonderzoek 

in België en Luxemburg voortgezet; eerst met onderzoek naar epifytengemeenschappen, 

daarna met saxicole gemeenschappen, en met het trachten alle gevonden 

soorten te determineren met speciale aandacht voor korstvormige soorten en lichenicole 

schimmels. Hierbij konden we vertrouwen op J. Lambinon, die zijn ervaring en 

verzameling met ons deelde. Vele collega’s en vrienden uit het buitenland hielpen ons 

met de identificatie van kritische taxa, met name onze Nederlandse collega’s die erg


geïnteresseerd bleken te zijn in ons onderzoeksgebied. De medewerking van twee van 

hen, P. P. G. van den Boom en A. M. Brand, is overigens duidelijk gebleken door hun 

nauwe betrokkenheid bij de publicatie van dit werk. Ook moet het ijverige karteerwerk 

van macrolichenen in Luxemburg door E. Wagner-Schaber (1987) genoemd worden, en 

ook de studies opgezet door studenten van de Universiteit van Gent; zie hiervoor het 

proefschrift van M. Hoffmann over epifytische korstmossen en epifytengemeenschappen 

in Vlaanderen dat in 1993 verscheen. 

In de laaste vijftien jaar onderzoek zien we de paradox steeds duidelijker: aan de ene 

kant is een onverwacht grote diversiteit aan korstmossen gevonden. Hierbij zijn 

zeldzame en slecht bekende soorten en zelfs onbeschreven soorten. Aan de andere kant 

zagen én zien we een afname en verslechtering door de enorme invloed die het menselijk 

handelen op het milieu heeft, zowel in natuurgebieden als in half-natuurlijke gebieden. 

Ook de luchtverontreiniging veranderde sterk: de zure regen nam af, maar hoge concentraties 

ammoniak - en ‘s zomers ook ozon - zijn daarvoor in de plaats gekomen, vooral 

benoorden de lijn Samber-Maas-Vesder. Veel voor korstmossen belangrijke gebieden zijn 

bijna volledig vernietigd; de bosbouw is veel intensiever geworden en is nu een van de 

grootste bedreigingen voor de korstmosflora. Van tientallen soorten die tijdens dit werk 

aan het licht zijn gekomen, zijn de populaties zo klein - soms maar een paar individuen - 

dat elke willekeurige verandering in hun omgeving ze in gevaar brengt. 

We hopen dat door deze checklist de kleine en onbekende organismen die deze korstmossen 

en hun lichenicole schimmels zijn, meer aandacht zullen krijgen: het zijn tenslotte 

één van de beste milieu-indicatoren die we hebben.

Species included 


Organisation of the checklist 

The present checklist includes all taxa of lichenized and lichenicolous fungi which have 

been recorded in the study area. Non-lichenized and non-lichenicolous fungi are only 

included if 

• they are loosely or doubtfully associated with algae or cyanobacteria (e. g. Naetrocymbe 

fraxini); 

• they have often been considered as lichens in the past (e. g. Naetrocymbe saxicola); 

• they have traditionally been studied by lichenologists (e. g. some species of Caliciales); 

• they are fungicolous on species occasionally considered as lichens (e. g. Nectriopsis 

indigens on Naetrocymbe saxicola); 

• they are genuinely non-lichenized fungi that look like lichens and have never been 

collected and studied by other mycologists (e. g. species of Lichenothelia and Peridiothelia). 

We also include some lichenicolous species which are likely to be just saprotrophic and 

not truly (i. e. obligatory) lichenicolous. The non-lichenized genera Mniacea Boud. and 

Sarea Fr. have not been included. 

As a rule, we only accept taxa (written in boldface) for which we have studied the 

corresponding specimens, and published relevant data in one of our recent papers. Thus, 

species which have never been published from the study area are never included: there is 

thus no new report of the occurrence of any species in the study area. For some poorly 

known genera, like Verrucaria, we also accept a limited number of species which have 

been published rather recently by other lichenologists, but for which we have not examined 

any material. Older published records for which we were unable to examine any 

corresponding specimens have not been accepted, unless otherwise stated; such species 

which are doubtfully present in the study area are listed after the accepted taxa, and are 

printed in italics. 

Data provided for each species 

For each accepted taxon, listed in alphabetic order, the following data are provided (some 

being optional): 

• the name, possibly preceded by the symbol (*) if it is a lichenicolous lichen, * if it is a 

lichenicolous fungus, (+) if it is a doubtfully lichenized fungus, and + if it is a nonlichenized 

fungus; 

• common synonyms, and synonyms found in the literature of the study area [for Belgium, 

the literature published after Duvigneaud & Giltay (1938), and for Luxembourg, 

that published after Koltz (1897) has been screened for synonyms]; 

• known or presumed teleomorph or anamorph connections;


• ecology in the study area; 

• distribution in the study area; the current knowledge is given by country (Belgium, 

Luxembourg, France, and occasionally Germany and the Netherlands) and within each 

country by phytogeographical districts; 

• useful comments; 

• literature pertinent to the study area. 

Taxonomy 

The taxonomic concept is that accepted in modern floras, checklists or monographs. As a 

rule, we do not accept species defined on chemistry alone and thus not sustained by morphological 

differences, even if they can easily be recognized in the field by their distinctive 

colour (e. g. strains with or without usnic acid, known in some species of Cladina, 

Evernia and Haematomma). 

In Cladonia, we adopt a rather strict morphological species concept, although some of 

the numerous chemotaxa recognized in this genus are also distinguished by subtle morphological, 

ecological or chorological characters. In such cases, we assemble all ‘taxa’ 

under one name, but give distribution details for all of them. For example, Cladonia 

coccifera s. lat. includes C. coccifera s. s. (with zeorin), C. borealis (with barbatic acid) 

and C. diversa (with zeorin); C. diversa is common in the Campinien district where the 

two others are missing, whilst in the Ardenne district the three taxa occur. 

Presumed species pairs, like Usnea florida and U. subfloridana, are treated as distinct 

species, with the exception of Lecidella elaeochroma for which the taxonomic status of 

the rather rare sorediate thalli requires further studies. 

Some species belong to genera into which they have never been transferred, either 

because they are poorly known (e. g. Mycoporellum sacromontanum) or due to unsolved 

nomenclatural problems (e. g. Bacidina versus Woessia). Such species are cited under 

the genus where they belong, but the corresponding new combination is never proposed. 

Nomenclature 

The nomenclature follows the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature of 1994 (the 

so-called Tokyo Code). 

Author abbreviations follow Kirk & Ansell (1992), except Dutch names beginning with 

‘van’, like ‘van den Boom’ and ‘van Herk’, which are not abbreviated, and ‘Bouly de 

Lesdain’ which is abbreviated as ‘B. de Lesd.’, and not ‘de Lesd.’. The use of ‘ex’, ‘in’ and 

‘em.’ has been avoided, making the author citations as short as possible (e. g. Lecanora 

conizaeoides Cromb., instead of ‘Nyl. ex Cromb.’; Lecania inundata (Körb.) M. Mayrhofer, 

instead of ‘(Körb.) M. Mayrhofer in Nimis & Poelt’; Lecanora gisleriana Müll. Arg., 

instead of ‘Müll. Arg. em. J. Steiner’). 

Nomina nuda and ‘ad int.’ names, i. e. not validly published names, are avoided as much 

as possible, unless they have already been published elsewhere, or if they are in press


and likely to be printed only a few months after this checklist. No taxonomic changes are 

proposed. 

Anamorph - teleomorph connections 

Anamorphic lichenicolous fungi are treated like ordinary species if the corresponding 

teleomorph is unknown. Otherwise, even if their teleomorph has not been encountered in 

the study area, they are included under the teleomorphic name. 

Some anamorphic taxa, for which the connection to a teleomorphic species is still 

unknown, are nevertheless listed under the teleomorphic genus where they most probably 

belong (e. g. Illosporium carneum is listed under Pronectria, although it is not clear 

to which Pronectria species the I. carneum of the study area belongs). 

Distribution 

For the estimation of distribution, we also use data which we did not check as well as 

unpublished data given by reliable colleagues, providing that we have seen at least some 

specimens of the species mentioned in those publications or reports. Any use of published 

or unpublished data for the estimation of distribution is thus supported by carefully 

testing whether our concept of the species is identical with that of authors of the 

chorological information considered for our checklist. 

The distribution data provided are based on the number of localities where the 

corresponding taxon has been observed or collected. It is not an estimation of its 

abundance. A species occurring in a single locality is thus given as RRR whatever the 

number of thalli observed or its population levels or trends. However, the usual situation 

is that local and very restricted species have low population levels, whereas widespread 

species have healthy and abundant populations. Obvious exceptions are mentioned in the 

text, e. g. Lecanora silvae-nigrae is known from a single locality near Vielsalm (a natural 

scree of siliceous rocks), where it develops a healthy and abundant population. 

The distribution data are based on reliable publications and reports, but may not correspond 

to the actual situation. Species like Lecanora conizaeoides or L. muralis are rarely published 

or mentioned in reports, but there is little doubt that they are widespread in most districts. 

Such a situation is addressed by an estimated distribution given in italics (e. g. ‘AC’). 

The exploration of the northern parts of France included in this checklist is still unsatisfactory 

(except to a certain extent for the Ardennes dept.). We have thus omitted any 

estimation of their distribution in France, especially for species which are known to be 

common in Belgium and Luxembourg, but have been recorded only once or twice in 

northern France. 

Distribution data provided for the Netherlands or Germany refer only to rare or interesting 

species found very close to the Belgian or Luxembourg borders, as such species 

are likely to be found in the study area.


Organisation du catalogue 

Espèces inclues 

Le présent catalogue inclut tous les taxa de champignons lichénisés et lichénicoles signalés 

dans le territoire étudié. Des champignons non lichénisés et non lichénicoles sont 

inclus uniquement 

• si leur association à des algues ou des cyanobactéries est lâche ou douteuse (p. ex. 

Naetrocymbe fraxini); 

• s’ils ont souvent été considérés comme des lichens dans le passé (p. ex. Naetrocymbe 

saxicola); 

• s’ils ont été traditionnellement étudiés par des lichénologues (p. ex. certaines espèces 

de Caliciales); 

• s’ils sont fongicoles sur des espèces parfois considérées comme des lichens (p. ex. 

Nectriopsis indigens sur Naetrocymbe saxicola); 

• s’ils sont des espèces clairement non lichénisées ressemblant à des lichens, qui n’ont 

jamais été récoltées et étudiées par d’autres mycologues (p. ex. les espèces de Lichenothelia 

et Peridiothelia). 

Nous acceptons également des espèces lichénicoles qui ne sont vraisemblablement que des 

saprotrophes et non pas de vrais (c.-à-d. obligatoires) champignons lichénicoles. Les 

genres non lichénisés Mniacea Boud. et Sarea Fr. ne sont pas inclus. 

La règle suivante est adoptée: nous n’acceptons que des taxons (imprimés en caractères 

gras) dont nous avons examiné les spécimens correspondants, et publié des données dans 

une de nos publications récentes. Ainsi, les taxons qui n’ont jamais été signalés du territoire 

étudié ne sont pas inclus: il n’y a donc aucune mention nouvelle pour le territoire 

étudié. Pour quelques genres mal connus, comme Verrucaria, nous acceptons également 

un nombre limité d’espèces publiées récemment par d’autres lichénologues, dont nous 

n’avons pas examiné de matériel. Des mentions dans la littérature ancienne, pour lesquelles 

nous n’avons pas pu examiner de spécimen, n’ont pas été acceptées, sauf mention 

contraire; de telles espèces, dont la présence dans le territoire étudié est douteuse, sont 

énumérées après les taxa acceptés, et sont imprimés en italiques. 

Informations données pour chaque espèce 

Pour chacun des taxa acceptés, énumérés par ordre alphabétique, les données suivantes 

sont présentées (quelques-unes étant facultatives): 

• le nom, éventuellement précédé par le symbole (*) en cas d’un lichen lichénicole, * en 

cas d’un champignon lichénicole, (+) en cas d’un champignon dont la lichénisation est 

douteuse et + en cas d’un champignon non lichénisé; 

• des synonymes communément usités, et des synonymes trouvés dans la litérature du 

territoire étudié [pour la Belgique, la littérature publiée après Duvigneaud & Giltay


(1938), et pour le Luxembourg, celle parue après Koltz (1897) a été examinée pour le relevé 

des synonymes]; 

• des connections connues ou présumées entre téléomorphes et anamorphes; 

• l’écologie dans le territoire étudié; 

• la répartition dans le territoire étudié; les données sont présentées par pays (Belgique, 

Luxembourg, France, et parfois l’Allemagne et les Pays-Bas), et par districts phytogéographiques 

au sein de chacun d’eux; 

• des commentaires jugés utiles; 

• la littérature concernant le territoire étudié. 

Taxonomie 

Le concept taxonomique adopté est celui accepté par les flores, catalogues ou monographies 

récents. Nous n’acceptons pas les espèces basées uniquement sur des caractères 

chimiques qui ne sont pas corrélés avec des différences morphologiques, même si elles 

peuvent facilement être reconnues sur le terrain par leur couleur distincte (p. ex. des ‘races 

chimiques’ avec ou sans acide usnique, connues dans certaines espèces de Cladina, 

Evernia et Haemotomma). 

Dans le genre Cladonia, nous adoptons un concept spécifique morphologique assez strict, 

même si certains des nombreux chemotaxa reconnus dans ce genre se distinguent également 

par des caractères morphologiques, écologiques ou chorologiques subtils. Dans de 

telles situations, nous regroupons tous les ‘taxa’ sous un seul nom, mais nous donnons des 

détails sur la répartition de tous ces taxa. Exemple: Cladonia coccifera s. lat. comprend C. 

coccifera s. s. (avec de la zéorine), C. borealis (avec de l’acide barbatique) et C. diversa 

(avec de la zéorine); C. diversa est commun dans le district campinien, où les deux autres 

taxa sont absents, tandis que dans le district ardennais, les trois taxa sont présents. 

Les paires présumées d’espèces, comme Usnea florida et U. subfloridana, sont traitées 

comme des espèces distinctes, avec l’exception de Lecidella elaeochroma, pour laquelle le 

statut taxonomique des thalles sorédiés, relativement rares, nécessite des études supplémentaires. 

Certaines espèces appartiennent à des genres dans lesquels elles n’ont jamais été transférées, 

soit parce qu’elles sont mal connues (p. ex. Mycoporellum sacromontanum) ou à 

cause de problèmes nomenclaturaux non résolus (p. ex. Bacidina versus Woessia). De telles 

espèces sont traitées sous les genres auxquels elles appartiennent, mais la nouvelle 

combinaison correspondante n’est jamais proposée. 

Nomenclature 

La nomenclature suit le Code International de Nomenclature Botanique de 1994 (le Code 

dit de Tokyo).


Les abréviations d’auteurs suivent Kirk & Ansell (1992), à l’exception des noms néerlandais 

commençant par ‘van’, comme ‘van den Boom’ et ‘van Herk’, qui ne sont pas abrégés, 

et Bouly de Lesdain, qui est abrégé comme ‘B. de Lesd.’ et non pas ‘de Lesd.’. L’utilisation 

de ‘ex’, ‘in’ et ‘em.’ a été évitée, pour rendre les citations d’auteurs les plus courtes possible 

(p. ex. Lecanora conizaeoides Cromb., au lieu de ‘Nyl. ex Cromb.’; Lecania inundata 

(Körb.) M. Mayrhofer, au lieu de ‘(Körb.) M. Mayrhofer in Nimis & Poelt’; Lecanora 

gisleriana Müll. Arg., au lieu de ‘Müll. Arg. em. J. Steiner’). 

L’utilisation de ‘nomina nuda’ ou de noms publiés ‘ad int.’, c.-à-d. de noms non validement 

publiés, a été évitée dans la mesure du possible, sauf si ces noms ont déjà été publiés 

ailleurs, ou s’ils sont ‘sous presse’ et seront vraisemblablement publiés quelques mois seulement 

après la parution de ce catalogue. Aucun changement taxonomique n’a été proposé. 

Connections entre anamorphes et téléomorphes 

Les anamorphes de champignons lichénicoles sont traités comme des espèces ordinaires, 

si le téléomorphe correspondant est inconnu. Sinon, même si leur téléomorphe n’a pas été 

rencontré dans le territoire étudié, ils sont inclus sous leur nom de téléomorphe. 

Certains anamorphes, pour lesquels la connection avec un téléomorphe n’est pas établie, 

sont néanmoins classés sous le genre de téléomorphes auquel ils appartiennent vraisemblablement 

(p. ex. Illosporium carneum est classé parmi les Pronectria, même s’il n’est 

pas clair à quelle espèce de Pronectria le matériel d’I. carneum du territoire étudié 

appartient). 

Répartition 

Pour évaluer la répartition, nous avons également utilisé des données que nous n’avons pas 

vérifiées, ou des données inédites de collègues fiables, sous la condition que nous ayons vu 

au moins quelques spécimens de cette espèce mentionnés dans ces publications ou rapports. 

Toute utilisation de données publiées ou non publiées pour l’estimation de la répartition est 

toujours assurée par le contrôle attentif que notre concept spécifique est identique à celui des 

auteurs des informations chorologiques utilisées pour notre catalogue. 

Les informations sur la répartition sont basées sur le nombre de localités où le 

taxon correspondant a été observé ou récolté. Il ne s’agit pas d’une estimation de 

son abondance. Une espèce connue d’une seule localité est ainsi indiquée comme RRR, 

quel que soit le nombre de thalles observés ou l’état de la population. Cependant, les espèces 

à répartition locale et très limitée ont normalement des populations très restreintes, 

tandis que les espèces répandues ont des populations saines et abondantes. Des exceptions 

manifestes sont mentionnées dans le texte, comme p. ex. Lecanora silvae-nigrae, qui est 

connu d’une seule localité près de Vielsalm (un pierrier naturel de blocs siliceux), mais 

qui y développe une population saine et abondante. 

Les données de répartition sont basées sur des publications et des rapports fiables, mais 

ne correspondent pas nécessairement à la situation réelle sur le terrain. Des espèces 

comme Lecanora conizaeoides ou L. muralis sont rarement publiées ou mentionnées dans


les rapports, mais il n’y aucun doute qu’elles sont largement distribuées dans la plupart 

des districts. Dans de tels cas, nous donnons une répartition estimée, imprimée en italiques 

(p. ex. ‘AC’). 

L’exploration des parties du nord de la France inclues dans ce catalogue est toujours peu 

satisfaisante (à l’exception du dépt. des Ardennes). Pour cette raison, nous avons omis 

toute estimation de leur répartition en France, et cela notamment pour des espèces communes 

en Belgique et au Luxembourg, mais qui n’ont été notées qu’une ou deux fois dans 

le nord de la France. 

Des informations sur la répartition en Allemagne ou aux Pays-Bas sont uniquement données 

pour des espèces rares ou intéressantes, trouvées à proximité des frontières belge ou 

luxembourgeoise; de telles espèces pourraient en effet être trouvées dans le territoire étudié. 

Opzet van deze checklist 

Opgenomen soorten 

De huidige checklist bevat alle taxa van gelicheniseerde en lichenicole schimmels die in 

het onderzoeksgebied zijn gevonden. Niet-gelicheniseerde en niet-lichenicole schimmels 

zijn alleen opgenomen indien: 

• ze zwak of onduidelijk geassocieerd zijn met algen of cyanobacteriën (zoals Naetrocymbe 

fraxini); 

• ze vroeger vaak als korstmos beschouwd werden (zoals Naetrocymbe saxicola); 

• ze traditioneel door lichenologen werden bestudeerd (zoals enkele Caliciales); 

• ze fungicool zijn op soorten die gewoonlijk als korstmos beschouwd worden (zoals 

Nectriopsis indigens op Naetrocymbe saxicola); 

• ze echte niet-gelicheniseerde schimmels zijn die op korstmossen lijken en niet door 

andere mycologen worden verzameld en bestudeerd (zoals de soorten uit Lichenothelia 

en Peridiothelia). 

Verder zijn ook lichenicole soorten vermeld als ze saprotroof zijn en niet obligaat lichenicool. 

De niet-gelicheniseerde genera Mniacea Boud. en Sarea Fr. zijn niet opgenomen. 

Bij wijze van regel accepteren we alleen taxa (deze zijn dan vetgedrukt) waarvan we de 

betreffende collecties hebben gezien, en waarvan relevante gegevens zijn gepubliceerd in 

één van onze recente artikelen. Er worden in deze checklist dus geen opgaven van 

nieuwe soorten gedaan voor het bestudeerde gebied. Van enkele slecht bekende genera, 

zoals Verrucaria, is een beperkt aantal soorten opgenomen, die vrij recent door andere 

lichenologen zijn gepubliceerd, maar waarvan geen materiaal is gecontroleerd. Oude, 

gepubliceerde vondsten waarvan het onmogelijk was het betreffende materiaal te controleren, 

zijn niet opgenomen, tenzij anders vermeld staat. Zulke soorten waarvan het 

voorkomen in het onderzoeksgebied niet zeker is, zijn in de checklist cursief gedrukt, en 

staan pas na de opsomming van de geaccepteerde taxa in een genus.


Gegevens per soort 

Voor elk geaccepteerd taxon, weergegeven in alfabetisch volgorde, zijn de volgende 

gegevens opgenomen (sommige ervan zijn optioneel): 

• de naam, mogelijk voorafgegaan door het symbool (*) als het een lichenicool korstmos 

is, * voor een lichenicole schimmel, (+) voor een twijfelachtig gelicheniseerde schimmel 

en + voor een niet-gelicheniseerde schimmel; 

• veelgebruikte synoniemen en synoniemen die in literatuur uit het onderzoeksgebied 

voorkomen [voor België is naar synoniemen gezocht in literatuur verschenen na Duvigneaud 

& Giltay (1938), en voor Luxemburg in literatuur verschenen na Koltz (1897)]; 

• bekende of veronderstelde teleomorf- of anamorfrelaties; 

• ecologie binnen het onderzoeksgebied; 

• verspreiding binnen het onderzoeksgebied; de huidige kennis hiervan is gegeven per 

land (België, Luxemburg, Frankrijk en soms ook Duitsland en Nederland) en voor elk 

land per fytogeografisch district; 

• eventueel commentaar; 

• literatuurverwijzing, uitsluitend met betrekking tot het onderzoeksgebied. 

Taxonomie 

De gevolgde taxonomie is die van recente flora’s, checklists en monografieën. Soorten die 

alleen verschillen in chemisch opzicht en niet in morfologie worden niet geaccepteerd, 

zelfs niet als ze in het veld een karakteristieke kleur hebben, zoals ‘rassen’ met en zonder 

usninezuur van bepaalde soorten Cladina, Evernia en Haematomma. 

In het genus Cladonia worden alleen soorten genoemd die morfologisch goed te onderscheiden 

zijn. Van de vele chemische taxa in dit genus, verschilt een klein deel ook in 

geringe mate in morfologie, ecologie en verspreiding. Die taxa zijn samengevoegd onder 

één naam, waarbij de verspreiding voor elk taxon apart is aangegeven. Zo bevat Cladonia 

coccifera s. l. ook Cladonia coccifera s. s. (met zeorine), C. borealis (met barbatinezuur) 

en C. diversa (met zeorine), waarbij in het Kempens district alleen C. diversa 

voorkomt, terwijl in de Ardennen alle drie de soorten aanwezig zijn. 

Zogenaamde species pairs, soortparen zoals Usnea subfloridana en U. florida, worden 

als verschillende soorten behandeld; een uitzondering vormt Lecidella elaeochroma, 

waarvan de zeldzaam optredende soredieuze vorm nog nadere studie behoeft. 

Sommige soorten behoren tot genera waarin ze nooit zijn geplaatst, deels omdat ze slecht 

bekend zijn (b. v. Mycoporellum sacromontanum) of omdat problemen met de nomenclatuur 

nog niet opgelost zijn (b. v. Bacidia versus Woessia). Zulke soorten worden in deze 

checklist genoemd onder het genus waarin ze eigenlijk thuishoren, overigens zonder dat 

er een nieuwe combinatie wordt voorgesteld.

Nomenclatuur 


De nomenclatuur volgt de International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (1994), de 

zogenaamde Tokyo-code. 

Afkortingen van auteursnamen volgen Kirk & Ansell (1992). Een uitzondering vormen 

Nederlandse namen beginnend met ‘van’, zoals ‘van den Boom’ of ‘van Herk’, die niet 

worden afgekort. Bouly de Lesdain wordt afgekort als ‘B. de Lesd.’ in plaats van ‘de 

Lesd.’ Het gebruik van ‘ex’, ‘in’ en ‘em.’ is vermeden om zodoende de auteursvermelding 

zo kort mogelijk te houden: Lecanora conizaeoides Cromb. in plaats van ‘Nyl. ex Cromb.’, 

Lecania inundata (Körb.) M. Mayrhofer in plaats van ‘(Körb.) M. Mayrhofer in Nimis & 

Poelt’, en Lecanora gisleriana Müll. Arg. in plaats van ‘Müll. Arg. em. J. Steiner’. 

Nomina nuda en namen met ‘ad int.’ zijn ongeldig en worden zoveel mogelijk vermeden, 

tenzij ze al elders gepubliceerd zijn of kort na het verschijnen van deze checklist worden 

gepubliceerd. 

Anamorf-teleomorfrelaties 

Anamorfe lichenicole schimmels worden alleen als gewone soorten behandeld als de 

teleomorf ervan onbekend is. In alle andere gevallen zijn ze opgenomen onder de naam 

van de teleomorf, ook als deze vorm niet bekend is uit het onderzoeksgebied. 

Sommige anamorfe taxa waarvan de bijbehorende teleomorf onbekend is, worden behandeld 

in het teleomorfe genus waartoe ze het meest waarschijnlijk horen; Illosporium 

carneum staat bijvoorbeeld onder Protonectria, hoewel niet duidelijk is tot welke soort 

Protonectria deze Illosporium behoort. 

Verspreiding 

Voor het bepalen van de verspreiding zijn ook bronnen en ongepubliceerde gegevens 

gebruikt die niet volledig zijn gecontroleerd, maar waarbij wel steeds van elke hierin 

genoemde soort één of meer collecties van de betreffende auteur bekeken is. Op die 

manier is te controleren of de soortopvatting van de auteurs van de desbetreffende 

bronnen dezelfde is als die in deze checklist. 

De verspreidingsgegevens zijn gebaseerd op het aantal locaties waar het 

bijbehorende taxon is waargenomen of verzameld. Het is dus geen maat voor 

de abundantie. Een soort die maar op één plaats voorkomt, is RRR, ongeacht het aantal 

thalli of de trend en vitaliteit van de populatie. Gewoonlijk is het zo dat bij zeldzame 

soorten de populaties klein zijn en dat algemene soorten grote en vitale populaties hebben. 

Uitzonderingen hierop worden in de tekst vermeld. Zo is Lecanora silvae-nigrae 

bekend van één enkele locatie bij Vielsalm (een natuurlijke puinhelling van silicaatgesteente) 

waar het een grote en vitale populatie vormt. 

Verspreidingsgegevens zijn weliswaar gebaseerd op betrouwbare publicaties en rapporten, 

maar ze komen mogelijk niet overeen met de huidige situatie. Soorten als Lecanora 

conizaeoides en L. muralis komen nauwelijks in rapporten voor, maar zijn ongetwijfeld 

zeer algemeen in de meeste districten.


Het verspreidingsonderzoek naar korstmossen in Noord-Frankrijk is nog altijd onvoldoende 

met uitzondering voor bepaalde delen van het departement Ardennes. Er worden 

daarom geen Franse verspreidingsgegevens opgegeven voor soorten die een enkele keer 

in Frankrijk zijn gevonden, maar algemeen zijn in België en Luxemburg. Verspreidingsgegevens 

voor Nederland en Duitsland worden alleen genoemd voor zeldzame en interessante 

soorten die dicht bij de Belgische of Luxemburgse grens zijn gevonden en mogelijk 

ook in het onderzoeksgebied voorkomen.


Abbreviations and symbols 

(abréviations et symboles – afkortingen en symbolen) 

Abbreviations of literature (abréviations de la littérature – literatuurafkortingen) 

Ba Barkman (1963) Epifyten-flora Midden-Limburg (België) 

BDL1 Bouly de Lesdain (1910a) Lichens des environs de Dunkerque 

BDL2 Bouly de Lesdain (1910b) Lichens belges rares ou nouveaux 

BDL3 Bouly de Lesdain (1905) Lichens des environs de Spa 

Ca Caekebeke (1986) Vergelijkende studie epifytische Lichenen Denderstreek 

DG Duvigneaud & Giltay (1938) Catalogue des Lichens de Belgique 

Di Diederich (1989) Les lichens épiphytiques du Luxembourg 

DSL De Sloover & Lambinon (1965) Lichens corticoles de la Dendre 

Ertz Ertz (1999) Lichens saxicoles de la région de Dinant 

Ho Hoffmann (1993) Epifyten in Oost- en West-Vlaanderen 

Ko Koltz (1897) Prodrome des lichens du Luxembourg 

L1 Sérusiaux et al. (1983) Lichens nouveaux de Belgique. I 

L2 Sérusiaux & Rose (1984) Id. II 

L3 Sérusiaux et al. (1985) Id. III 

L4 Diederich et al. (1988) Id. IV 

L5 Diederich et al. (1991) Id. V 

L6 Diederich et al. (1992) Id. VI 

L7 van den Boom et al. (1996) Id. VII 

L8 Sérusiaux et al. (1999) Id. VIII 

La66 Lambinon (1966) Macrolichens de Belgique 

La68 Lambinon (1968a) Cryptogames du Luxembourg 

La69 Lambinon (1969) Les lichens [de Belgique et du Luxembourg] 

LF0 Diederich (1986b) Lichenicolous fungi from Luxembourg 

LF1 Diederich (1990) Interesting lichenicolous fungi. 1. Luxembourg 

Ma Malaise (1983) Les Caloplaca de Belgique et du Luxembourg 

Mü1 Müller (1958) Flechtenflora von Malmedy 

Mü2 Müller (1959) Flechten der Eifel. Nachtrag 1958 

Mü3 Müller (1961) Flechten der Eifel. Nachtrag 1960 

Mü4 Müller (1962) Flechtenflora von Malmedy. Nachtrag 1962 

Mü5 Müller (1965) Flechten der Eifel 

NL77 van Dobben & Sipman (1980) Excursie 1977 naar Aywaille 

NL84 van den Boom (1996) Excursie 1984 naar prov. Namur 

NL87 Aptroot (1988) Excursie 1987 naar Zuid-Limburg 

NL92 van den Boom et al. (1994) Excursion 1992 to Luxembourg 

NL93 van den Boom (1994) Excursie 1993 naar Noord-Brabant 

NL97 van den Boom et al. (1999) Excursion 1997 to Han-sur-Lesse and St-Hubert 

NL99 (in prep.) Excursion 1999 Vallée de la Meuse (Givet à Fumay) 

Qu Quanten (1986) Vergelijkende studie epifytenflora Midden-Limburg 

Schl Schlechter (1994) Verbreitungsatlas Makrolichenen Eifel 

Sé Sérusiaux (1990) Lichens des affleurements du Salmien 

VGH Van der Gucht & Hoffmann (1990) Lichens van Ghent 

WS Wagner-Schaber (1987) Macrolichens épiphytiques du Luxembourg


Distribution (répartition – verspreiding) 

B Belgium Belgique België 

L Luxembourg (Grand Duchy) Luxembourg (Grand-Duché) Luxemburg (Groothertogdom) 

F northern France nord de la France Noord-Frankrijk 

D Germany Allemagne Duitsland 

NL The Netherlands Pays-Bas Nederland 

Mar. Maritime district district maritime Maritiem district 

Fl. Flemish district district flandrien Vlaams district 

Camp. Campine district district campinien Kempens district 

Brab. Brabant district district brabançon Brabants district 

Mosan Meuse district district mosan Maasdistrict 

Ard. Ardenne district district ardennais Ardens district 

Ard. (Haute Ard.) 

the Haute Ardenne subdistrict 

of the Ard. district 

le sous-district Haute 

Ardenne du district ard. 

het subdistrict Hoge 

Ardennen in Ard. 

Lorr. Lorraine district district lorrain Lotharings district 

Lorr. (Moselle) 

RRR 

RR 

R 

AR 

AC 

C 

CC 

extremely rare 

extrêmement rare 

uiterst zeldzaam 

very rare 

très rare 

zeer zeldzaam 

rare 

rare 

zeldzaam 

rather rare 

assez rare 

vrij zeldzaam 

rather common 

assez commun 

vrij algemeen 

common 

commun 

algemeen 

very common 

très commun 

zeer algemeen 

the Moselle subdistrict of 

the Lorraine district 

known from 1 locality 

known from 2-4 localities 

(Mar.: 2-3 localities) 



known from < 25 % of the 

4×4 km 2 IFBL squares 

(≥ 10 loc.; Mar.: ≥ 7 loc.) 

known from 25-50 % of 

the IFBL squares 





le sous-district Moselle 

dans le district lorrain 

connu d’une seule 

localité 

connu de 2-4 localités 

(Mar.: 2-3 localités) 



connu de < 25 % des 

carrés IFBL de 4×4 km 2 

(≥ 10 loc.; Mar.: ≥ 7 loc.) 

connu de 25-50 % des 

carrés IFBL 


carrés IFBL 


carrés IFBL 

het subdistrict Moezel in 

het Lotharings district 

bekend van 1 locatie 

bekend van 2-4 locaties 

(Mar.: 2-3 locaties) 



bekend uit < 25 % van de 

IFBL-hokken van 4x4 km 2 

(≥ 10 loc.; Mar.: ≥ 7 loc.) 

bekend uit 25-50 % van 

de IFBL-hokken 




de IFBL-hokken


The IFBL squares refer to the scheme adopted by the ‘Institut Floristique Belgo- 

Luxembourgeois’ to map the distribution of Pteridophytes and Spermatophytes in Belgium, 

Luxembourg and surrounding areas. Its grid of 4×4 km2 squares is based on the 

mostly used geographical maps in Belgium (the so-called IGN maps). 

If a species has rarely been recorded, but is known to be more widespread, an estimation 

is expressed by the same abbreviation, written in italics. For example, Lecanora muralis 

can be considered as ‘CC’ in many districts. 

Les carrés IFBL correspondent au système de cartographie des Ptéridophytes et des 

Spermatophytes adopté par l’’Institut Floristique Belgo-Luxembourgeois’ pour le territoire 

de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg et des régions limitrophes. Les carrés de 

4×4 km2 sont basés sur les cartes géographiques d’usage habituel en Belgique (les cartes 

dites IGN). 

Si une espèce a été rarement inventoriée, mais est connue d’être plus répandue, une estimation 

est exprimée par les mêmes abréviations, mais écrite en italiques. P. ex. Lecanora 

muralis peut être considéré comme étant ‘CC’ dans beaucoup de districts. 

De IFBL-hokken verwijzen naar het karteersysteem van het Instituut voor Floristiek van 

België en Luxemburg om de verspreiding van Pteridofyten en Spermatofyten weer te geven in 

België, Luxemburg en aangrenzende gebieden. Het raster van 4×4 km2 is gebaseerd op de in 

België veel in gebruik zijnde topografische kaarten (zogenaamde NGI-kaarten). 

Als een soort weinig is waargenomen, maar verondersteld wordt algemener te zijn, dan 

wordt voor een schatting dezelfde afkorting gebruikt, maar dan cursief gedrukt. Zo wordt 

Lecanora muralis verondersteld ‘CC’ te zijn in veel districten. 

Biology (biologie – biologie) 

Lecanora muralis a lichen un lichen een korstmos 

(*)Buellia badia a lichenicolous lichen un lichen lichénicole een lichenicool korstmos 

*Arthonia varia a lichenicolous fungus un champignon lichénicole 

een lichenicole 

schimmel 

(+)Epigloea filifera 

a doubtfully lichenized 

fungus 

un champignon peut-être een twijfelachtig geli- 

lichénisé 

cheniseerde schimmel 

+Stenocybe pullatula a non-lichenized fungus 

un champignon non 

lichénisé 

een niet-gelicheniseerde 

schimmel 

Status (statut – status) 

Lecanora muralis an accepted taxon un taxon accepté een geaccepteerd taxon 

Allocetraria nivalis 

taxon not accepted, or a 

synonym 

un taxon non accepté, 

ou un synonyme 

een niet-geaccepteerd 

taxon, of een synoniem


Taxa are accepted (printed in bold face) if they occur in B, L or F. Those known only 

from D or NL are not accepted (written in italics). 

Des taxons sont acceptés (imprimé en caractères gras), s’ils existent en B, L ou F. Ceux 

connus exclusivement en D ou NL ne sont pas acceptés (imprimé en italiques). 

Taxa zijn geaccepteerd (vetgedrukt), als ze in B, L of F voorkomen. Soorten die alleen 

bekend zijn uit D of NL zijn niet geaccepteerd (cursief gedrukt). 

Species which nowadays are rarer or extinct, or have not been recorded recently 

(espèces en voie de raréfaction ou éteintes, ou n’ayant pas été observées récemment – 

soorten die zeldzamer zijn geworden, verdwenen zijn, of recent niet meer zijn gevonden) 

Lorr.: AR→RR formerly AR, now RR autrefois AR, maintenant RR vroeger AR, nu RR 

Lorr.: RRR (1968) 

last record in the Lorraine 

district in 1968 

dernière observation dans le laatste vondst in het Lo- 

district lorrain en 1968 tharings district in 1968 

Lorr.: RRR (†1968) 

last record in 1968, 

considered to be extinct 

dernière observation en 1968, laatste vondst in 1968 en 

considéré comme éteint beschouwd als verdwenen 

Lorr.: RRR (†


Results and discussion 

(résultats et discussion – resultaten en discussie) 

Number of taxa (nombre de taxons – aantal taxa) 

Lichens (non-lichenicolous) Lichens (non lichénicoles) Korstmossen (niet lichenicool) 909 

(*)Lichenicolous lichens (*)Lichens lichénicoles (*)Lichenicole korstmossen 21 

*Lichenicolous fungi *Champignons lichénicoles *Lichenicole schimmels 201 

(+)Doubtfully lichenized fungi 

+Non-lichenized fungi 

(+)Champignons peut-être 

lichénisés 

+Champignons non 

lichénisés 

(+)Twijfelachtig gelicheniseerde 

schimmels 

+Niet-gelicheniseerde 

schimmels 

Accepted taxa Taxons acceptés Geaccepteerde taxa 1,151 

Dubious taxa Taxons douteux Dubieuze taxa 252 

Comparison with other European countries 

(comparaison avec d’autres pays européens – vergelijking met andere Europese landen) 

Country(ies) Surface (km2 ) Lichens Lichenicolous Related Total 

fungi fungi number 

Belgium, Luxembourg 

and N France 

c. 40,000 930 201 20 1,151 

The Netherlands 

(Aptroot et al. 1999) 

41,500 706 70 11 787 

Denmark (Alstrup & 

Søchting 1989) 

43,000 915 - - 915 

British Isles (Purvis et al. 

1993; Hawksworth 1983) 

328,000 1,566 218 42 1,826 

Finland (Vitikainen et 

al. 1997) 

337,000 1,458 122 44 1,624 

Germany (Wirth 1994) 357,000 1,674 161 - 1,835 

Ukraine (Kondratyuk et 

al. 1998) 

Sweden and Norway 

(Santesson 1993) 

603,000 1,235 65 31 1,331 

774,000 2,271 314 17 2,602 

5 

15


Taxa described from the study area 

(taxons ayant été décrits du territoire étudié – taxa beschreven uit het onderzoeksgebied) 

The following taxa have been described from the study area. As in the checklist, accepted 

names are printed in boldface, whilst dubious ones are printed in italics. Taxonomic 

synonyms are omitted. 

Les taxons suivants ont été décrits du territoire étudié. Comme dans la checklist, les noms 

acceptés sont imprimés en caractères gras, tandis que les noms douteux sont en italiques. 

Les synonymes taxonomiques ont été omis. 

De volgende taxa zijn beschreven uit het onderzoeksgebied. Net als in de checklist zijn 

geaccepteerde soorten vetgedrukt en dubieuze cursief gedrukt. Taxonomische synoniemen 

zijn niet opgenomen. 

Taxa Type locality 

*Abrothallus acetabuli Diederich L Lorr. 

Acarospora tongletii (Hue) H. Olivier B Mosan 

Agonimia vouauxii (B. de Lesd.) Brand & Diederich F Mar. 

Bispora lichenum Diederich L Ard. 

Byssoloma diederichii Sérus. F Lorr. 

Catapyrenium subtrachyticum B. de Lesd. F Mar. 

Cladonia berghsonii Asperges B Ard. 

Cladonia diversa Asperges B Camp. 

*Dacampia rufescentis (Vouaux) D. Hawksw. F Mar. 

*Echinodiscus lesdainii (Vouaux) Etayo & Diederich F Mar. 

*Endococcus protoblasteniae Diederich L Lorr. 

*Feltgeniomyces luxemburgensis Diederich L Lorr. 

*Fusarium peltigerae Westend. B Fl. 

*Lawalreea lecanorae Diederich L Ard. 

Lecanora endoleuca Hue B Mosan 

Lecanora flandrica B. de Lesd. F Mar. 

Lecidea leptocline Flot. f. tongletii Hue B Mosan 

Lecidea spadana B. de Lesd. B Ard. 

*Libertiella malmedyensis Speg. & Roum. B Ard. 

*Lichenoconium reichlingii Diederich L Lorr. 

*Lichenopeltella thelidii Diederich L Lorr. 

Micarea confusa Coppins & van den Boom B Camp. 

*Milospium deslooveri Diederich & Sérus. B Ard.


*Muellerella triseptata Diederich L Lorr. 

Mycobilimbia hypnorum (Lib.) Kalb & Hafellner B Ard. 

Opegrapha culmigena Lib. B Ard. 

*Pharcidia maritima B. de Lesd. F Mar. 

*Phoma lecanorina Diederich L Lorr. 

*Polycoccum tinantii Diederich L (distr. unknown) 

*Pronectria tenacis (Vouaux) Lowen F Mar. 

*Pronectria terrestris Lowen & Diederich L Lorr. 

*Pronectria verrucariae (Vouaux) Lowen F Mar. 

*Pseudorobillarda peltigerae Diederich B Mosan 

Psorotichia tongletii B. de Lesd. B Mosan 

*Pyrenochaeta xanthoriae Diederich L Lorr. 

(*)Rhizocarpon trapeliicola Brand L Ard. 

Rinodina brandii Giralt & van den Boom B Ard. 

*Sclerococcum epiphytorum Diederich L Ard. 

*Skyttea hawksworthii Diederich L Lorr. 

*Sphaerulina intermedia Vouaux F Mar. 

*Syzygospora bachmannii Diederich & M. S. Christ. L Lorr. 

*Taeniolella beschiana Diederich L Lorr. 

*Taeniolella chrysothricis Diederich L Lorr. 

*Taeniolella trapeliopseos Diederich L Lorr. 

Thelidium calcareum var. belgicum (Hue) Zahlbr. B Mosan 

Thelidium dionantense (Hue) Zschacke B Mosan 

Thelidium dionantense var. lecideiforme (Hue) Zahlbr. B Mosan 

Thelidium flandricum B. de Lesd. B Fl. 

Thelidium spadanum B. de Lesd. B Ard. 

Thelidium tongletii (Hue) Zahlbr. B Mosan 

*Tremella candelariellae Diederich & Etayo L Ard. 

*Tremella lichenicola Diederich L Lorr. 

Trimmatothele maritima (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr. F Mar. 

*Unguiculariopsis acrocordiae (Diederich) Diederich & Etayo B Lorr. 

*Unguiculariopsis lesdainii (Vouaux) Etayo & Diederich F Mar. 

Verrucaria arduennica Zschacke B Mosan 

Verrucaria elodes (Hue) Zschacke B Mosan 

Verrucaria lignicola (B. de Lesd.) Zschacke B Ard. 

Verrucaria sorbinea Breuss L Lorr. 

Verrucaria subtruncatula B. de Lesd. F Mar.


Species considered as extinct throughout the study area 

(espèces considérées comme éteintes dans le territoire étudié – soorten die beschouwd 

worden als verdwenen uit het onderzoeksgebied) 

The species listed here are rather conspicuous and well-known, so that we consider them 

as extinct throughout the study area: either no recent material has been seen or 

collected, or the only localities where they were found were recently sampled in vain. The 

dates in parentheses represent the last record for the area of study. 

Les espèces énumérées ci-dessous, assez voyantes et bien connues, sont celles que nous 

considérons comme éteintes dans le territoire étudié: soit nous n’avons pas vu de matériel 

récent, soit les seules localités où elles étaient connues ont été prospectées en vain. Les dates 

entre parenthèses représentent la dernière mention dans le territoire étudié. 

De soorten die hieronder worden genoemd, zijn tamelijk opvallend en goed bekend. Ze 

worden beschouwd als verdwenen uit het onderzoeksgebied: er is recent geen materiaal 

gezien of verzameld, of er is recent op de locaties waar ze voorkwamen tevergeefs naar 

gezocht. Tussen haakjes staat de datum vermeld waarop ze voor het laatst zijn gevonden. 

Acrocordia cavata (Ach.) R. C. Harris (1868) 

Arthonia apatetica (A. Massal.) Th. Fr. (1868) 

Arthonia galactites (DC.) Dufour (1954) 

Arthonia graphidicola Coppins (1850) 

Arthonia fuscopurpurea (Tul.) R. Sant. (1868) 

Arthonia nephromaria Nyl. (1986) 

Arthonia pruinata (Pers.) A. L. Sm. (1898) 

Bactrospora dryina (Ach.) A. Massal. (< 1864) 

Brodoa intestiniformis (Vill.) Goward (1964) 

Caloplaca ferruginea (Huds.) Th. Fr. (1962) 

Caloplaca luteoalba (Turner) Th. Fr. (< 1900) 

Cladina stygia (Fr.) Ruoss (1936) 

Collema fragrans (Sm.) Ach. (1904) 

Degelia plumbea (Lightf.) P.M. Jørg. & P. James (< 1900) 

Fuscopannaria saubinetii (Mont.) P. M. Jørg. (< 1850) 

Leptogium saturninum (Dicks.) Nyl. (< 1850) 

Massalongia carnosa (Dicks.) Körb. (1962) 

Megalaria grossa (Nyl.) Hafellner (< 1864) 

Moelleropsis nebulosa (Hoffm.) Gyeln. (1902) 

Ochrolechia pallescens (L.) A. Massal. (1891) 

Pannaria pezizoides (Weber) Trevis. (1947) 

Parmelina quercina (Willd.) Hale (< 1865) 

Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) Hale (1969) 

Peltigera degenii Gyeln. (1979) 

Peltigera neopolydactyla (Gyeln.) Gyeln. (1962)


Peltigera venosa (L.) Hoffm. (1977) 

Phaeographis dendritica (Ach.) Müll. Arg. (< 1900) 

Phaeographis smithii (Leight.) B. de Lesd. (1910) 

Phaeophyscia chloantha (Ach.) Moberg (1868) 

Phaeophyscia ciliata (Hoffm.) Moberg (< 1850) 

Physcia clementei (Turner) Maas Geest. (1954) 

Physcia semipinnata (J. F. Gmel.) Moberg (1962) 

Psoroma hypnorum (Vahl) Gray (1947) 

Pyrenula chlorospila Arnold (< 1868) 

Pyrenula laevigata (Pers.) Arnold (< 1850) 

Pyrenula macrospora (Degel.) Coppins & P. James (


0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 

Agonimia opuntiella 

before 1910 after 1910 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 

Leptogium gelatinosum 


0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 

A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

F 

G 

H 

J 

K 

L 

M 

N 

A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

F 

G 

H 

J 

K 

L 

M 

N 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 

Fuscidea praeruptorum 


0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 

Lobarina scrobiculata 


F 

Fig. 20. Selected distribution maps, using the IFBL grid G (squares of 4 × 4 km 

H 

2 ). 

Quelques cartes de répartition, suivant le réseau de cartographie IFBL (carrés de 4 × 4 km2 ). 

Peltigera collina 


A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

J 

K 

L 

M 

N 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 

Enkele verspreidingskaarten; gebruikt is het IFBL-raster (hokken van 4 x 4 km 2 ). 

Peltigera praetextata 


A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

F 

G 

H 

J 

K 

L 

M 

N 

A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

F 

G 

H 

J 

K 

L 

M 

N 

A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

F 

G 

H 

J 

K 

L 

M 

N

W 


Acknowledgements 

e would like to express our warmest thanks to all colleagues who helped us with 

the identification or re-examination of critical specimens. Although it is absolutely 

impossible to enumerate them all here, we would like to mention particularly Prof./Dr P. 

Clerc, B. J. Coppins, D. L. Hawksworth, P. W. James, F. Rose, R. Santesson and T. 

Tønsberg. A considerable number of chorological and ecogeographical data became 

available through A. M. Brand and P. P. G. van den Boom who made important 

collecting trips to Belgium and Luxembourg during the past 20 years: their outstanding 

contribution is acknowledged by associating them to the publication of this volume. The 

‘Bryologische Lichenologische Werkgroep’ of the ‘Koninklijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische 

Vereniging’ organized seven excursions to Belgium or Luxembourg between 

1977 and 1999, during which the lichen flora of the visited localities was carefully 

recorded and eventually published, yielding a considerable amount of data. As our own 

field work mainly concentrated on the SE districts of the study area, we appreciate that 

Prof. M. Hoffmann kindly allowed us to use the very detailed mapping studies of 

corticolous lichens in Flanders, available in the unpublished theses of himself and 

several of his students. 

Special thanks are due to Prof. J. Lambinon for generously providing us with data and 

ideas; he also accepted to check the whole manuscript carefully and made many 

interesting suggestions. 

L. Sparrius provided the Dutch translation of the introductory texts. These have been 

checked linguistically by Prof. B. Goffinet and L. Schley (English text) and by Prof. M. 

Hoffmann (Dutch text). Of course any mistake or shortcoming is our own responsibility. 

Prof. V. Wirth, Prof. M. Hoffmann and Prof. J. Lambinon provided excellent photographs 

to illustrate this volume. Prof. N. Stomp, Director of the National Museum of Natural 

History, Luxembourg, kindly offered to publish this work: we owe him a great debt. We 

also convey our thanks to S. Backes for the great artistic value of the cover of this work. 

Finally we very warmly thank our wives Doris and Michèle for their continuous moral 

support during the preparation of this volume. 

N 

Remerciements 

ous souhaitons remercier très chaleureusement tous les collègues qui nous ont aidés 

à identifier les collections critiques ou qui ont vérifié nos déterminations. Bien qu’il 

soit absolument impossible de les citer tous ici, nous aimons mentionner la collaboration 

des Prof./Dr P. Clerc, B. J. Coppins, D. L. Hawksworth, P. W. James, F. Rose, R. Santesson 

et T. Tønsberg. Une quantité considérable de données chorologiques et écogéographiques 

ont été mises à notre disposition par A. M. Brand et P. P. G. van den Boom, 

lesquels ont effectué d’importantes prospections de terrain en Belgique et au Luxembourg 

pendant les vingt dernières années: leur remarquable contribution est consacrée par leur 

association à la publication de ce livre. La ‘Bryologische Lichenologische Werkgroep’ de la


‘Koninklijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Vereniging’ a organisé sept excursions en 

Belgique et au Luxembourg entre 1977 et 1999, à l’occasion desquelles la flore lichénique 

des localités visitées a été soigneusement compilée et par la suite publiée, procurant ainsi 

une importante quantité de données. Comme nos prospections de terrain se sont surtout 

concentrées dans les districts du SE du territoire étudié, nous apprécions beaucoup que le 

Prof. M. Hoffmann nous ait aimablement autorisés à utiliser les cartes très détaillées de 

la répartition des lichens corticoles en Flandre, disponibles dans sa thèse non publiée, et 

dans celles de ses étudiants. 

Des remerciements tout particuliers sont dus au Prof. J. Lambinon pour son aide 

généreuse en données et en idées; il a aussi accepté de relire l’ensemble du manucrit et 

nous a fait de nombreuses et intéressantes suggestions. 

L. Sparrius a traduit les textes introductifs en néerlandais. Ceux-ci ont également été 

vérifiés par le Prof. B. Goffinet et L. Schley (textes en anglais) et par le Prof. M. Hoffmann 

(textes en néerlandais). Bien entendu, toute erreur ou tout manquement relève de notre 

seule responsabilité. Les Prof. V. Wirth, M. Hoffmann et J. Lambinon nous ont procuré 

d’excellentes photographies pour illustrer ce livre. Le Prof. N. Stomp, Directeur du Musée 

national d’histoire naturelle de Luxembourg, a aimablement offert de publier ce travail: 

nous lui devons beaucoup. Nous adressons également nos remerciements à S. Backes pour 

la grande qualité artistique de la couverture de ce travail. 

Enfin, nous remercions très chaleureusement nos épouses Doris et Michèle pour leur 

support moral sans faille pendant la préparation de ce livre. 

G 

Dankwoord 

raag willen we onze dank laten blijken aan alle collega’s die ons hielpen met het op 

naam brengen of controleren van herbariummateriaal. Hoewel het onmogelijk is om 

iedereen hier te vermelden, noemen we in het bijzonder prof./dr. P. Clerc, B. J. Coppins, 

D. L. Hawksworth, P. W. James, F. Rose, R. Santesson en T. Tønsberg. Een groot aantal 

gegevens over verspreiding en ecologie werd belangeloos ter beschikking gesteld door 

A. M. Brand en P. P. G. van den Boom. Zij hebben in de afgelopen 20 jaar tijdens vele 

reizen een grote hoeveelheid korstmossen verzameld. Vanwege hun onmisbare bijdrage 

zijn zij ook betrokken bij de publicatie van deze checklist. De Bryologische en 

Lichenologische Werkgroep van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Natuurhistorische 

Vereniging (KNNV), organiseerde van 1977 tot 1999 zeven keer een excursie naar België 

of Luxemburg, waarbij de korstmosflora op de bezochte locaties zorgvuldig onderzocht 

werd en uiteindelijk in een verslag werd gepubliceerd. Dit leverde een aanzienlijke 

hoeveelheid gegevens op. Omdat ons eigen veldwerk overwegend in het zuidoosten 

plaatsvond, zijn we prof. M. Hoffmann zeer erkentelijk voor het mogen gebruiken van 

gedetailleerde epifytenkarteringen in Vlaanderen, afkomstig van ongepubliceerde 

dissertaties van hemzelf en van enkele van zijn studenten. 

Speciale dank gaat uit naar prof. J. Lambinon voor het geven van vele gegevens en 

ideeën. Ook nam hij de taak op zich om het gehele manuscript te controleren en te 

voorzien van bruikbaar commentaar.


L. B. Sparrius verzorgde de Nederlandse vertaling van de inleidende tekst. De tekst is op 

spel- en taalfouten gecontroleerd door prof. B. Goffinet en L. Schley (Engelse tekst) en 

prof. M. Hoffmann (Nederlandse tekst). Natuurlijk is elke fout of tekortkoming voor onze 

eigen rekening. Prof. V. Wirth, prof. M. Hoffmann en prof. J. Lambinon leverden 

uitstekende foto’s ter illustratie van deze publicatie. De directeur van het Nationaal 

Natuurhistorisch Museum te Luxemburg, prof. N. Stomp, bood aan dit werk te 

publiceren, waarvoor we hem zeer erkentelijk zijn. Ook gaat onze dank uit naar S. 

Backes voor het omslag-ontwerp van deze publicatie. 

Tenslotte willen we onze echtgenotes Doris en Michèle danken voor hun morele steun 

tijdens de voorbereiding van dit werk.


ABROTHALLUS De Not. 

Anamorph: Vouauxiomyces Dyko & D. Hawksw. 

*acetabuli Diederich 

On the thallus of Pleurosticta acetabulum, teleomorphic 

stage always present, anamorphic stage 

rare. 

B - . L Lorr.: AR (type locality). F Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 28, LF0: 6 (sub A. parmeliarum), LF1: 298-300. 

*bertianus De Not. 

On Melanelia glabratula, teleomorphic and anamorphic 

stage present. 

B Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 29-30, L5: 4. 

*microspermus Tul. 

Anamorph: V. truncatus (B. de Lesd.) Dyko & D. 

Hawksw., syn. Phoma truncata B. de Lesd. 

On Flavoparmelia caperata, usually in anamorphic 

stage. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. F Brab.: 

RRR (


smaragdula (Wahlenb.) A. Massal. 

Incl. A. amphibola Wedd., A. smaragdula var. lesdainii 

(A. L. Sm.) H. Magn. and f. fusca (B. de 

Lesd.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, syn. A. fusca B. de 

Lesd. 

On sunny, siliceous rocks in natural habitats, and 

on brick walls. 

B Camp.: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L - . F Mar.: RR (1925, 

type locality of A. fusca), Ard.: RRR. Probably 

overlooked. 

Lit.: DG: 31, NL93: 41, Magnusson (1929: 135-137, 145). 

tongletii (Hue) H. Olivier 

Syn.: Lecanora tongletii Hue (‘tongleti’) 

On hard calcareous rocks in dry and sunny places. 

B Mosan RRR (1894, type locality), most probably 

overlooked. L - . 

This species is usually mentioned as A. tongleti 

Hue, but, to our knowledge, Hue described it in 

Lecanora and has never transferred it to Acarospora. 

Olivier (1909) seems to be the first author 

to have done it. The status of this species requires 

further studies. 

Lit.: Clauzade et al. (1981: 73), Hue (1898), Magnusson 

(1929: 285-286). 

veronensis A. Massal. 

On sunny, siliceous rocks in natural habitats. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . F Mar.: RR (


Corticolous, on old trunks of Acer, Fraxinus, 

Populus, Quercus and Tilia, rarely on Fagus, 

usually in stable and rather humid forests. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR (especially in the south), 

Lorr.: AR. L Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 32 (sub A. cavata), 33, La69: 98. 

salweyi (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

Saxicolous, on a shaded sandstone rock in a forest 

and on an old brick wall in a city. 

B Fl.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8. 

macrospora A. Massal. The report of this species from B Fl. by 

Durwael (1996) is a misidentification for A. salweyi (L8). 

ACTINOPELTIS Höhn. 

*peltigericola D. Hawksw., see Lichenopeltella peltigericola 

ADELOCOCCUS Theiss. & Syd. 

*alpestris (Zopf) Theiss. & Syd. 

On Acarospora fuscata. 

B Mosan: RRR (1889). L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

AECIDIUM Pers. 

*peltigerae DC., see Illosporium carneum under Pronectria 

AGONIMIA Zahlbr. 

allobata (Stizenb.) P. James 

Syn.: Polyblastia allobata (Stizenb.) Zschacke 

Epiphytic, on Acer, Aesculus and Quercus in humid 

and well-preserved forests or along streams. 

B Mosan: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 195-196, L5: 37, L7: 83, NL84: 11, NL97: 44, 

Tholl et al. (1999). 

globulifera Brand & Diederich 

On calcareous soil, over lichens, mosses or detritus, 

often in Mesobromion or Xerobromion communities, 

also in crevices of hard calcareous rocks. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: 

RR. F Lorr.: RR. Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: Ertz: 18, L8. 

opuntiella (Buschardt & Poelt) Vězda 

Syn.: Physcia opuntiella Buschardt & Poelt 

On mosses and soil over calcareous rocks in Xerobromion 

communities, often with A. tristicula. 

B Mosan: R. L Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. F Lorr. 

(Moselle): RRR. 

The specimen from F Lorr. is fertile. 

Lit.: NL97: 14-15. 

tristicula (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 

On calcareous rocks or on soil, often over mosses, 

in natural and artificial (walls) habitats, exceptionally 

epiphytic (on Alnus, Sorbus). 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: AR-AC, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: 

RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. F Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 32, L4: 20, L7: 84, NL84: 11, NL87: 20, 

NL92: 167. 

vouauxii (B. de Lesd.) Brand & Diederich 

Syn.: Polyblastia vouauxii B. de Lesd., incl. var. 

charticola B. de Lesd. 

Terricolous, over mosses and plant debris, also on 

leather and paper, in dunes and over calcareous 

rocks. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RRR. L - . F Mar.: RRR 

(1910, type locality). Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: BDL1: 259, L8, Zschacke (1934: 503). 

ALECTORIA Ach. 

bicolor (Ehrh.) Nyl., see Bryoria bicolor 

chalybeiformis (L.) Gray, see Bryoria chalybeiformis 

fuscescens Gyeln., see Bryoria fuscescens 

implexa (Hoffm.) Nyl., see Bryoria implexa 

jubata auct., non (L.) Ach., nom. conf., see Bryoria 

fuscescens 

prolixa auct., non (Hoffm.) Brodo & D. Hawksw., see 

Bryoria fuscescens 

sarmentosa (Ach.) Ach. The report of this species from L by 

Ko: 106 is not supported by any herbarium material, and 

is therefore most doubtful. 

AMANDINEA Scheid. & H. Mayrhofer 

punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins & Scheid., see Buellia punctata 

AMPHILOMA Nyl. 

lanuginosum (Ach.) Nyl., see Leproloma membranaceum 

ANAPTYCHIA Körb. 

ciliaris (L.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: Physcia ciliaris (L.) DC.


On old roadside trees with a bark rich in dust, often 

on Fraxinus, decreasing. 

B Fl.: RR, Camp.: RR (1956), Brab.: AR (†


didyma Körb. 

On smooth bark of Carpinus, Fagus and Fraxinus 

in forests. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: Di: 38, L5: 8, NL84: 11, NL92: 167. 

elegans (Ach.) Almq. 

On Buxus twigs in a shaded small valley. 

B Mosan: RRR. L - . 

Also reported from B Fl. (


B Mar.: RR, Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RR, Brab.: RRR, 

Mosan: AR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: AR-AC, Lorr.: 

AR-AC, most probably widespread. 

Lit.: Ba: 8, Di: 41-42, Ho: 101, 103, 563, NL84: 11. 

spadicea Leight. 

Corticolous, mostly on the smooth bark at the base 

of old Quercus in shaded forests, rarely on the 

bark of Corylus and other trees. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: AR (locally 

common), Lorr.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Di: 42, Ho:101, 104, 564, NL84: 11. 

*vagans Almq. var. lecanorina Almq. 

On Lecanora albescens and L. dispersa on a concrete 

fence post. 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8. 

*varia (Tul.) Jatta 

Syn.: Celidium varium (Tul.) A. Massal. 

On Xanthoria parietina. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RRR (


epidermidis (Ach.) A. Massal., see Leptorhaphis epidermidis 

fallax (Nyl.) Arnold, see A. analepta 

+fraxini A. Massal., see Naetrocymbe fraxini 

+fumago (Wallr.) Mudd, see Naetrocymbe rhyponta 

halodytes (Nyl.) Arnold, see Pyrenocollema halodytes 

kelpii Körb., see Pyrenocollema halodytes 

lapponina Anzi, see A. analepta 

*microspila Körb., see Stigmidium microspilum 

+punctiformis auct., non A. Massal., see Naetrocymbe punctiformis 

+rhyponta (Ach.) A. Massal., see Naetrocymbe rhyponta 

+saxicola A. Massal., see Naetrocymbe saxicola 

sphaeroides (Wallr.) Zahlbr., see Acrocordia gemmata 

stenospora Körb. The report of this species from L Lorr. by 

Ko: 314 is not sustained by any herbarium material, and 

is therefore doubtful. 

ARTHOTHELIUM A. Massal. 

ruanum (A. Massal.) Körb. 

Syn.: A. dispersum auct., non (DC.) Mudd 

Corticolous, usually on smooth bark (Carpinus, 

Corylus, young Fraxinus, etc.) in shaded and 

humid forests. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 46, L4: 21, NL84: 12, NL92: 167, NL97: 44. 

dispersum auct., non (DC.) Mudd, see A. ruanum 

spectabile A. Massal. Reported from B by DG: 17 and from 

L Lorr by Ko: 286 and Feltgen (1899: 100-101), but no 

material seen. 

ARTHRORHAPHIS Th. Fr. 

citrinella (Ach.) Poelt 

Syn.: A. flavovirescens (Dicks.) Th. Fr., Bacidia 

flavovirescens (Dicks.) Anzi var. citrinella 

(Ach.) Vain. 

On rocks, mosses or soil, never lichenicolous in the 

study area. 

B Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L6: 139, NL87: 20, Vanek (1976: 143). 

(*)grisea Th. Fr. 

Initially lichenicolous on Baeomyces rufus, rarely 

B. placophyllus, later forming an independent 

thallus. 

B Ard.: AR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L6: 139. 

*olivaceae R. Sant. & Tønsberg 

On Melanelia disjuncta (thallus). 

B Ard.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

flavovirescens (Dicks.) Th. Fr., see A. citrinella 

ARTHROSPORUM A. Massal. 

accline (Flot.) A. Massal., see A. populorum 

populorum A. Massal., syn. A. accline (Flot.) A. Massal. 

The report from L by Ko: 269-270 is most doubtful, as 

no specimen has been seen. 

ASPICILIA A. Massal. 

The genus is poorly known in the study area and 

requires further material and studies. The taxonomy 

of the genus is still poorly understood at world level. 

aquatica Körb. 

On siliceous rocks, submerged in rivers. 

B Ard.: R. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 150, NL92: 149. 

caesiocinerea (Malbr.) Arnold 

Syn.: Lecanora caesiocinerea Malbr. 

On siliceous rocks, especially common in nitrophilous 

conditions, in natural and artificial habitats. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: C (locally common), Lorr.: 

RRR. L Ard.: C. 

Lit.: La69: 105, Mü1: 151, NL84: 12, NL92: 149-150. 

calcarea (L.) Mudd 

Syn.: Lecanora calcarea (L.) Sommerf. 

On hard calcareous rocks in natural habitats, rarely 

on sandstone rocks, and on artificial substrata 

(walls, stonework in cemeteries, etc.). 

B Fl.: RR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: CC, Ard.: RRR. L 

Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Ertz: 18, La69: 105, Mü1: 151, NL84: 12, NL92: 

167, VGH: 114, Hoffmann & Van Rompu (1995), 

Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

cinerea (L.) Körb. 

Syn.: Lecanora cinerea (L.) Sommerf. 

On siliceous rocks, in exposed conditions, in natural 

and artificial habitats. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AC. L - . 

Lit.: DG: 32, La69: 105, Mü1: 151.


contorta (Hoffm.) Kremp. subsp. contorta 

Incl. A. viridescens (A. Massal.) Kremp. 

On hard calcareous rocks and in artificial habitats 

(concrete, walls, etc.). 

B Fl.: RR, Camp.: RR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: AC 

(locally common), Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 18, La69: 105, NL84: 12, NL92: 167, NL93: 

42, Hoffmann & Van Rompu (1995). 

contorta subsp. hoffmanniana S. Ekman & Fröberg 

Syn.: A. hoffmannii auct., non (Ach.) Flagey 

On hard calcareous rocks and in artificial habitats 

(concrete, walls, etc.). 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: AC (locally common). 

L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: DG: 32, Ertz: 18, La69: 105, NL84: 12, NL87: 20. 

gibbosa (Ach.) Körb. 

Syn.: Lecanora gibbosula H. Magn. 

On siliceous rocks in exposed, natural habitats. 

B - . L - . F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 13 (as A. gibbosula), Mü1: 151 (B Ard., not checked). 

moenium (Vain.) G. Thor & Timdal 

Syn.: A. excavata G. Thor & Timdal 

On concrete in ruderal conditions. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR. Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: L7: 84. 

recedens (Taylor) Arnold 

On siliceous rocks in natural and artificial habitats. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: L7: 84, Remy (1979). 

cupreogrisea (Th. Fr.) Hue, syn. Lecanora cupreogrisea Th. 

Fr. Mentioned from B Ard. by Mü1: 151 and Mü2: 196 

(‘det. H. Magnusson’), but no specimen seen. 

Lecanora endoleuca Hue. A name of uncertain application. 

The type originating from B Mosan (near Dinant) (Hue 

1898, Tonglet 1898) has not been examined recently. 

excavata G. Thor & Timdal, see A. moenium 

grisea Arnold. Reported from B Ard: RRR by Remy (1979), 

but in need of confirmation. Relevant specimen not seen. 

hoffmannii auct., non (Ach.) Flagey, see A. contorta subsp. 

hoffmanniana 

lacustris (With.) Th. Fr., see Ionaspis lacustris 

laevata (Ach.) Arnold, syn. Lecanora laevata (Ach.) Nyl. 

Published as L. cf. laevata from B Ard. by Mü1: 151, but 

no specimen seen. 

morioides Arnold, see Clauzadeana macula 

radiosa (Hoffm.) Poelt & Leuckert, see Lobothallia radiosa 

subdepressa (Nyl.) Arnold, syn. Lecanora subdepressa Nyl. 

Reported from B by DG: 32, but no material seen. 

viridescens (A. Massal.) Kremp., see under A. contorta 

subsp. contorta 

ASTROPLACA Bagl. 

opaca (Fr.) Bagl., see Placolecis opaca 

ATHELIA Pers. 

*arachnoidea (Berk.) Jülich 

Corticolous, mainly in polluted areas, normally 

parasitic on epiphytic algae and ubiquitous 

lichens like Lecanora conizaeoides. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan, Ard., Lorr.: CC. L Ard.: CC, 

Lorr.: CC. 

Lit.: Di: 230-231, LF0: 2. 

BACIDIA De Not. 

absistens (Nyl.) Arnold 

Corticolous, on Fagus in old humid forest. 


Lit.: L2: 91. 

arceutina (Ach.) Arnold 

Corticolous, mainly on Acer campestre, Fraxinus 

and Populus in forests in sheltered conditions, or 

on roadside trees in ± exposed conditions. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: 

RRR. F Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR, probably widespread 

and more common. 

Lit.: Di: 48-49, L2: 92, NL84: 12, NL92: 167, NL97: 44, 

van den Boom & Sérusiaux (1996: 22). 

bagliettoana (A. Massal. & De Not.) Jatta 

Syn.: B. muscorum (Ach.) Mudd 

Over mosses and plant debris on calcareous rocks. 

B Mosan: AR. L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 47, Ertz: 18, NL84: 12. 

beckhausii Körb. 

Corticolous, always on Fraxinus, in well-preserved 

forests. 

B Lorr.: R. L - . 

Lit.: L2: 92. 

biatorina (Körb.) Vain. 

Corticolous, mainly on old Quercus, usually in 

well-preserved forests, rarely along roads. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. L Lorr.: RR. 

F Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 50-51, L2: 92, NL92: 168.


carneoglauca (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

On calcareous and siliceous rocks and on roots of 

Acer, Alnus and Populus, always at water level 

by rivers and thus completely immersed during 

winter floods. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 15-16. 

circumspecta (Vain.) Malme 

Corticolous, on Fagus and Quercus in wellpreserved 

old forests. 

B Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 16. 

fuscoviridis (Anzi) Lettau 

On sandstone and calcareous rocks in sheltered and 

shaded habitats. 

B Mosan: AR. L Lorr.: RR. F Lorr. (Moselle): 

RRR. Probably overlooked. 

Most collections are sterile. 

Lit.: Ertz: 18, NL84: 12, NL92: 150, NL97: 44. 

hemipolia (Nyl.) Malme 

Corticolous, on Quercus, often in forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR. Probably 

overlooked. 

Lit.: L6: 139-140, NL84: 12, NL92: 168, NL97: 44. 

herbarum (Stizenb.) Arnold 

On soil, mosses and plant detritus over calcareous 

rocks. 

B Mosan: RRR. L - . F Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. 

Lit.: NL97: 16. 

rosella (Pers.) De Not. 

Corticolous, on an old trunk of Quercus in a wellpreserved 

old forest, and on Acer platanoides in 

a ravine-forest in a deep valley. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 54, L3: 26, L8. 

rubella (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: B. luteola (Ach.) Mudd 

Corticolous, mainly on Acer, Fraxinus, Malus, 

Quercus and Salix in ± sheltered conditions. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: 

R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Di: 55, Ho: 101, 104, 564, La68: 74, NL84: 12. 

subincompta (Nyl.) Arnold 

Corticolous, on Fagus or Quercus, mainly in wellpreserved 

old forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L3: 26, NL84: 12, NL97: 45. 

trachona (Ach.) Lettau 

In shaded and sheltered underhangs of calcareous 

or siliceous rock, also in deep crevices at the 

base of trunks and on exposed roots of trees, 

often by rivers at water level. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 17. 

viridifarinosa Coppins & P. James 

Corticolous, generally on the smooth bark of very 

old Quercus trees in ancient woodlands, also on 

Ulmus, rarely saxicolous, on siliceous rocks 

along streams. 

B Mosan: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 56-56, NL92: 168, NL97: 45, Coppins et al. 

(1992: 355), Giralt & van den Boom (1996). 

accedens (Arnold) Lettau, see Mycobilimbia sabuletorum 

albescens (Stizenb.) Bausch, see Bacidia phacodes under 

Woessia 

antricola Hulting. Reported from B Mosan by BDL2: 40-41, 

but relevant material not seen. A name of uncertain 

application. 

arnoldiana Körb., see Woessia arnoldiana 

assulata (Körb.) Vězda, syn. B. intermedia (Stizenb.) 

Arnold. Reported from B Mosan by NL77: 19, but no 

relevant specimen seen. 

caligans (Nyl.) A. L. Sm., see Woessia caligans 

chlorococca (Stenh.) Lettau, see Scoliciosporum chlorococcum 

chloroticula (Nyl.) A. L. Sm., see under Woessia 

cuprea (A. Massal.) Lettau, see Lecania cuprea 

delicata (Leight.) Coppins, see Woessia delicata 

egenula (Nyl.) Arnold, see under Woessia 

endoleuca auct., non (Nyl.) Kickx, see Bacidia laurocerasi 

epixanthoides (Nyl.) Lettau, see Biatora epixanthoides 

under Mycobilimbia 

flavovirescens (Dicks.) Anzi var. citrinella (Ach.) Vain., see 

Arthrorhaphis citrinella 

fraxinea Lönnr. Reported from L Lorr. by Feltgen (1902: 

180), but no specimen seen. 

friesiana (Hepp) Körb. Reported from B Mosan (Weillen 

near Dinant) on Sambucus by BDL2: 40, but relevant 

material not seen. 

globulosa (Flörke) Hafellner & V. Wirth, see Lecania globulosa 

gorgonea Vězda & Poelt, see Fellhaneropsis myrtillicola 

incompta (Borrer) Anzi. Reported from B by DG: 23 and 

from L by Ko: 235, but relevant material not seen. 

intermedia (Stizenb.) Arnold, see B. assulata


inundata (Fr.) Körb., see Woessia inundata 

laurocerasi (Duby) Zahlbr., syn. Bacidia endoleuca auct., 

non (Nyl.) Kickx. Reported from B by DG: 22, but no 


lignaria (Ach.) Lettau, see Micarea lignaria var. lignaria 

luteola (Ach.) Mudd, see B. rubella 

mitescens (Nyl.) Sandst. This taxon was reported by Mü3: 

43 (as B. cf. m.) from B Ard., but no specimen has been 

seen. A name of uncertain application. 

muscorum (Ach.) Mudd, see B. bagliettoana 

naegelii (Hepp) Zahlbr., see Lecania naegelii 

neglecta Vězda, see Bacidia chloroticula under Woessia 

neosquamulosa Aptroot & van Herk, see under Woessia 

phacodes Körb., see under Woessia 

propinqua (Stizenb.) Arnold. The report from L by Ko: 235 

as a parasitic saxicolous lichen is most dubious as the 

species is said to be epiphytic (Nimis 1993: 112). Relevant 

specimen not seen. 

sabuletorum (Schreb.) Lettau, see Mycobilimbia sabuletorum 

saxenii Erichsen, see under Woessia 

subfuscula (Nyl.) Th. Fr. Reported from B by DG: 23, but 

relevant material not seen. 

subtilis (Vězda) Diederich & Sérus., see Fellhanera subtilis 

ternaria (Nyl.) Lettau, see Micarea ternaria 

triseptata (Hellb.) Zahlbr., see Micarea peliocarpa 

umbrina (Ach.) Bausch, see Scoliciosporum umbrinum 

vezdae Coppins & P. James, see Fellhaneropsis vezdae 

viridescens (A. Massal.) Hellb. This species was incorrectly 

reported from B Mosan by NL84: 12 (the relevant specimen 

requires further investigations), but is known from 

NL Camp. (L6: 140). 

BACIDINA Vězda, see Woessia 

BACTROSPORA A. Massal. 

dryina (Ach.) A. Massal. 

On the bark of an old Quercus. 

B Fl.: RRR (†


meiocarpa (Nyl.) Arnold 

Corticolous, on old Acer, Quercus and Tilia in 

well-preserved forests close to rivers. 

B Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 18. 

epixanthoides (Nyl.) Diederich, see under Mycobilimbia 

epixanthoidiza auct., non (Nyl.) Räsänen, see B. chrysantha 

erythrophaea (Flörke) Fr., see Lecidea erythrophaea 

flexuosa Fr., see Trapeliopsis flexuosa 

gyrophorica (Tønsberg) Coppins, see B. chrysantha 

lightfootii (Sm.) Hepp, see Fuscidea lightfootii 

lucida (Ach.) Fr., see Psilolechia lucida 

pilularis (Körb.) Hepp, see B. sphaeroides under Mycobilimbia 

quernea (Dicks.) Fr., see Pyrrhospora quernea 

rivulosa (Ach.) Fr., see Fuscidea cyathoides 

rupestris (Scop.) Fr., see Protoblastenia rupestris 

sphaeroides (Dicks.) Körb., see under Mycobilimbia 

vernalis (L.) Fr. Reported from L Lorr. by Ko: 247, but no 

specimen seen. Most probably a misidentification. 

viridescens (Schrad.) Körb., see Trapeliopsis viridescens 

wallrothii (Spreng.) Körb., see Trapeliopsis wallrothii 

BIATORELLA De Not. 

deplanata Almq., see Strangospora deplanata 

monasteriensis (J. Lahm) J. Lahm, see Biatoridium monasteriense 

ochrophora (Nyl.) Arnold, see Strangospora ochrophora 

pinicola (A. Massal.) Anzi, see Strangospora pinicola 

pruinosa auct., non (Ach.) Mudd, see Sarcogyne regularis 

simplex (Davies) Branth & Rostr., see Polysporina simplex 

BIATORIDIUM J. Lahm 

monasteriense J. Lahm 

Syn.: Biatorella monasteriensis (J. Lahm) J. Lahm 

Corticolous, on Acer campestre, Fraxinus and Sambucus 

in humid forests, usually near streams. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L4: 21, NL97: 45. 

BIATORINA A. Massal. 

atropurpurea (Schaer.) A. Massal., see Catinaria atropurpurea 

ehrhartiana (Ach.) Th. Fr., see Cliostomum corrugatum 

globulosa (Flörke) Körb., see Lecania globulosa 

lenticularis (Ach.) Körb., see Catillaria lenticularis 

lightfootii (Sm.) Körb., see Fuscidea lightfootii 

luteoalba (Turner) Körb., see Caloplaca luteoalba 

pineti (Ach.) A. Massal., see Dimerella pineti 

prasina (Fr.) Syd., see Micarea prasina 

tricolor auct., see Cliostomum griffithii 

BIATOROPSIS Räsänen 

*usnearum Räsänen 

On Usnea species, especially U. ceratina and U. 

subfloridana. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR 

(1966). 

Lit.: L6: 140, NL84: 12, Diederich (1996: 13-14), 

Diederich & Christiansen (1994). 

BILIMBIA De Not. 

hypnophila (Ach.) Th. Fr., see Mycobilimbia sabuletorum 

naegelii (Hepp) Anzi, see Lecania naegelii 

sphaeroides (Dicks.) Th. Fr., see Biatora sphaeroides under 

Mycobilimbia 

trisepta (Hellb.) Zahlbr., see Micarea peliocarpa 

BISPORA Corda 

*christiansenii D. Hawksw. 

On Lecanora soralifera, Lecidella elaeochroma, 

Micarea lignaria, Scoliciosporum chlorococcum, 

S. pruinosum and an unidentified lichen, often in 

the hymenium. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 237-238, LF0: 17-18, NL92: 168. 

*lichenum Diederich 

In the hymenium of Arthonia excentrica, Candelariella 

xanthostigma, Opegrapha atra and Strangospora 

pinicola. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR (type locality), Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 238, LF1: 302-304, NL92: 168. 

BLASTENIA A. Massal. 

ochracea (Schaer.) Trevis., see Caloplaca ochracea

BOTRYDINA Bréb. 


vulgaris Bréb. p. p., see Omphalina umbellifera 

BOTRYOLEPRARIA Canals, Hern.-Mariné, 

Gómez-Bolea & Llimona 

lesdainii (Hue) Canals, Hern.-Mariné, Gómez-Bolea 

& Llimona 

Syn.: Lepraria lesdainii (Hue) R. C. Harris 

On sandstone and calcareous rocks, in very shaded, 

damp, natural and artificial habitats, often in 

crevices, very rarely on trees (along rivers in 

shaded forests). 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RRR, Mosan: AC, Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Ertz: 18, NL84: 15, NL92: 171, NL93: 45, NL97: 

45, van den Boom & Sérusiaux (1996: 22), Zwaenepoel 

et al. (1994: 37). 

BRODOA Goward 

intestiniformis (Vill.) Goward 

Syn.: Hypogymnia intestiniformis (Vill.) Räsänen 

On slate rubbles in an old quarry. 

B Ard.: RRR (†1964). L - . 

Now extinct throughout the area of study. 

Lit.: La66: 380-382, Sé: 140. 

BRYOPHAGUS Arnold 

gloeocapsa Arnold 

On soil or siliceous rocks, always over bryophytes, 

usually in natural habitats, sometimes in disturbed 

places like road banks. 

B Ard.: R, most probably overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: L4: 21. 

BRYORIA Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

bicolor (Ehrh.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Alectoria bicolor (Ehrh.) Nyl. 

Saxicolous, on siliceous rocks. 

B Ard.: RR (1977). L - . 

Lit.: La66: 447-448, NL77: 19, Goffinet (1992: 20). 

chalybeiformis (L.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Alectoria chalybeiformis (L.) Gray 

On sheltered and mossy, siliceous outcrops. 

B Ard.: RR (1960). L - . 

The identity of the relevant material requires 

confirmation. 

Lit.: La66: 448-449. 

fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Alectoria fuscescens Gyeln., A. jubata auct., 

non (L.) Ach., nom. conf., A. prolixa auct., non 

(Hoffm.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

On trees, mainly Fagus and Quercus, in forests, 

also on isolated trees, e. g. along roads, once on 

a fence post, rarely on sheltered, siliceous 

outcrops. 

B Brab.: RRR (†


B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RR, Camp.: RR, Brab.: RR, 

Mosan: AR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: DG: 39, Ertz: 18, NL92: 153, NL93: 43, NL97: 45, 

Hoffmann & Van Rompu (1995), Zwaenepoel et al. 

(1994: 37). 

(*)badia (Fr.) A. Massal. 

At first parasitic on Neofuscelia loxodes and N. 

pulla, sometimes overgrowing other lichens 

(e. g. Aspicilia caesiocinerea), soon forming an 

independent thallus, on siliceous rocks in dry 

and sunny conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: R. F Mosan: 


Lit.: DG: 39, Ertz: 18, Mü1: 157. 

disciformis (Fr.) Mudd 

Syn.: B. parasema (Th. Fr.) Ach., nom. illeg. 

Corticolous, on Fagus and Quercus, usually in forests. 

B Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR (1962). L Lorr.: RR. F 

Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 60-61, L4: 21-22, NL92: 168. 

griseovirens (Sm.) Almb. 

Corticolous, on smooth or rough bark in forests and 

on isolated trees, sometimes lignicolous, on 

wooden posts. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Di: 61-62, NL84: 12. 

ocellata (Flot.) Körb. 

Syn.: B. verruculosa (Sm.) Mudd 

On natural, siliceous rock outcrops, in exposed 

conditions. 

B - . L - . F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 39, L8. 

pulverea Coppins & P. James 

Lignicolous, on wooden posts, or corticolous, on 

Betula in a forest. 


Lit.: Di: 62, L5: 15. 

punctata (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins & 

Scheid., B. punctiformis (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

Corticolous, on all kinds of trees, always in nitrophilous 

conditions, often in polluted areas, occasionally 

saxicolous. 

B CC. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Ca: 83-84, Di: 62-63, Ho: 105, NL84: 12, Qu: 79, 

VGH: 114. 

schaereri De Not. 

On bark and wood of Prunus avium in an orchard, 

and on bark of Salix ad the edge of a forest. 

B - . L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 63-64, L5: 15. 

subdispersa Mig. 

Syn.: Diplotomma dispersum (Kremp.) Arnold 

On walls of siliceous stones. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: NL84: 14, NL92: 153. 

venusta (Körb.) Lettau 

Syn.: Buellia epipolia auct., non (Ach.) Mong., 

Diplotomma epipolium auct., non (Ach.) Arnold 

On calcareous and sandstone outcrops in ± sunny 

conditions. 

B Mosan: R. L Lorr.: RR. 

Following Nimis & John (1998: 45), the epithet 

venusta refers to a constant parasite of Lecanora 

muralis, whilst the non-lichenicolous taxon, 

which is present in B and L, should be called B. 

epipolia auct. 

Lit.: NL97: 19. 

violaceofusca Thor & Muhr 

In deep crevices of an old Quercus in a rather dry 

wood in a deep valley. 


Lit.: L8. 

aethaleoides (Nyl.) H. Olivier, see B. aethalea 

canescens (Dicks.) De Not., see Diploicia canescens 

dubyanoides (Hepp) Müll. Arg., see Rinodinella dubyanoides 

epigaea (Pers.) Tuck. Reported from B by DG: 39, but relevant 

material not seen. 

epipolia (Ach.) Mong., see B. alboatra 

epipolia auct., non (Ach.) Mong., see B. venusta 

epipolia var. ambigua (Ach.) Mong., see B. alboatra 

leptocline (Flot.) Körb. Reported by Scheidegger (1993: 

352) from B. The corresponding specimen (which is the 

type of Lecidea leptocline f. tongletii Hue, collected in B 

Mosan, on calcareous outcrops in Fonds de Leffe, cf. 

Hue 1898) has been re-examined later and proved to be a 

different, yet unidentified taxon (L8). 

Lecidea leptocline Flot. f. tongletii Hue, see B. leptocline 

myriocarpa (DC.) de Not., see Buellia punctata 

parasema (Th. Fr.) Ach., nom. illeg., see B. disciformis 

premnea (Fr.) Kickx, see Megalaria grossa 

punctiformis (Hoffm.) A. Massal., see B. punctata 

scabrosa (Ach.) A. Massal., see Epilichen scabrosus


sororia Th. Fr., see B. aethalea 

spuria (Schaer.) Anzi. Reported from B Ard. by NL77: 19, 

but no relevant specimen seen. 

verruculosa (Sm.) Mudd, see B. ocellata 

BUELLIELLA Hafellner 

*physciicola Poelt & Hafellner 

On Phaeophyscia orbicularis on an old roof in an 

orchard. 


Lit.: L6: 140. 

BUNODOPHORON A. Massal. 

melanocarpum (Sw.) Wedin 

Syn.: Sphaerophorus melanocarpus (Sw.) DC., S. 

compressus Ach. 

Saxicolous, mainly on sandstone rocks in sheltered 

conditions. 

B Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: R, decreasing. 

The occurrence of this species in B Ard. is based on 

literature; unfortunately no specimen is available. 

Lit.: La66: 210-212, Mü5: 22, NL92: 174, Diederich 

(1985a: 25-26), Duvigneaud (1952). 

BYSSOLOMA Trevis. 

diederichii Sérus. 

On leaves of Buxus in a humid valley in shaded and 

sheltered conditions. 

B - . L - . F Lorr. (Moselle): RRR (type locality). 

Lit.: Sérusiaux (1998). 

CALICIUM Pers. 

adspersum Pers. 

Corticolous, usually on the rough bark of old 

Quercus trees in forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 65, La68: 71, NL84: 12. 

glaucellum Ach. 

Syn.: C. abietinum auct. p. p., non Pers. 

Corticolous, mainly on well-lit Quercus trees. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 65-66, L3: 27, NL84: 12. 

lichenoides (L.) Schumach. 

Syn.: C. salicinum Pers. 

Corticolous, generally on the bark of old Quercus 

trees, exceptionally on Betula, Salix and Tilia. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 67, La68: 71, NL84: 12. 

viride Pers. 

Syn.: C. hyperellum (Ach.) Ach. 

On bark, in rather well-lit conditions, mostly on 

Quercus, but also on Populus and Salix. 

B Brab.: RR, Camp.: RRR (†


albolutescens (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

On walls (concrete, mortar and sandstone) and on 

exposed, natural sandstone rocks. 

B - . L Lorr.: R. Overlooked. 

Lit.: L7: 84. 

alociza (A. Massal.) Mig. 

On hard calcareous, sunny outcrops. 

B Mosan: RRR, probably overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 19. 

arenaria (Pers.) Müll. Arg. 

On slightly calcareous siliceous rocks, usually in 

dry, sunny and slightly nitrophilous conditions. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RR. F Ard.: RR. 

Some of the collections referred to this species may 

belong to C. subpallida. 

Lit.: Ma: 126-128. 

atroflava (Turner) Mong. s. l. 

On siliceous rocks, in ± shaded conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR. 

The identity of the specimens referred to this species 

requires further studies. 

Lit.: Ma: 255-256. 

aurantia (Pers.) J. Steiner 

Syn.: C. callopisma (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

On hard calcareous rocks, walls, gravestones, etc., 

in dry, sunny and nitrophilous conditions, abundant 

in natural and artificial habitats. 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: AC, 

Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. F Mosan: RR, Lorr.: 

RR. Most probably overlooked. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 129-134, Mü1: 156, NL93: 42, 


biatorina (A. Massal.) J. Steiner 

Syn.: C. murorum auct. p. p., non (Ach.) Fr. 

On hard calcareous rocks, usually in dry, sunny and 

non-nitrophilous conditions, rare in artificial 

habitats. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: 

RRR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: Ma: 141-145. 

brevilobata (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: C. heppiana (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr. var. brevilobata 

(Nyl.) A. E. Wade 

On exposed, siliceous rocks, in large valleys. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

This epithet is used for a typical species growing on 

siliceous rocks in the Ardenne, but the nomenclature 

still requires further studies. 

Lit.: Ma: 139-141. 

cerina (Hedw.) Th. Fr. var. cerina 

Corticolous, on deciduous trees in well-lit conditions, 

recently mainly on Populus. 

B Fl: RRR (†


cirrochroa (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

On hard calcareous rocks, usually in dry, nonnitrophilous 

and non-exposed conditions, always 

in natural habitats. 

B Mosan: AC. L - . F Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 153-156. 

citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. 

Incl. C. citrina var. maritima B. de Lesd. 

Saxicolous, on calcareous and siliceous rocks, very 

common on artificial substrata (concrete, walls, 

etc.), nitrophilous and tolerant to air pollution, 

rarely lignicolous or corticolous, at the base of 

trees. 

B C-CC. L C-CC. 

Lit.: Ca: 85-86, Di: 70-71, Ho: 107, Ma: 156-161, NL93: 

42, NL97: 20, 46, Qu: 79, VGH: 114. 

(*)coronata (Körb.) J. Steiner 

On hard calcareous rocks, in dry, sunny and nitrophilous 

conditions, sometimes parasitic on Verrucaria, 

also on sandstone rocks and on concrete of 

gravestones. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RR, Camp.: RR, Mosan: AC, 

Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. F 

Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 163-166, NL93: 42, Zwaenepoel et al. 

(1994: 37). 

crenularia (With.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: C. festiva (Ach.) Zwackh 

On exposed, siliceous rocks. 

B Mosan: RRR (†1890). L - . F Mosan: RRR (only 

known from one locality where it is rather 

abundant). 

Lit.: Ma: 177-179. 

(*)crenulatella (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

Syn.: C. lactea auct. p. p., non (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. 

On hard calcareous, tufa and sandstone rocks, also 

common in artificial habitats, in dry and sunny 

places, often parasitic, at least when young, on 

black crustose lichens (Verrucaria nigrescens, 

cyanobacterial crusts), usually in nitrophilous 

conditions. 

B Mosan: R. L Lorr.: AC. F Lorr.: RR. Most 

probably overlooked. 

Lit.: Navarro-Rosinés & Hladun (1996: 148). 

decipiens (Arnold) Blomb. & Forssell 

On hard calcareous rocks in highly nitrophilous 

conditions, common on artificial substrata like 

concrete, mortar, etc. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: AR, Camp.: R, Brab.: AR, Mosan: 

C, Ard.: AC (only on walls and asbestos in nitrophilous 

situations, especially in farms), Lorr.: 

AC. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. F Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 167-170, NL92: 150, NL93: 42, VGH: 

114, Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

demissa (Körb.) Arup & Grube 

Syn.: Lecanora demissa (Körb.) Zahlbr. 

On exposed and sunny, siliceous rocks, often around 

old castles. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La68: 77, La69: 89, 105. 

dolomiticola (Hue) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: C. dalmatica (A. Massal.) H. Olivier, C. 

velana auct., non (A. Massal.) Du Rietz 

On hard calcareous rocks in dry, sunny and usually 

nitrophilous conditions, or on sandstone, mostly 

in natural habitats, also on concrete in ruderal 

conditions. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: AR. F Mosan: 

RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 238-241, NL97: 46. 

erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh 

On hard calcareous rocks. 

B Brab.: RR (†


Saxicolous, on calcareous and siliceous rocks, very 

common on artificial substrata (mortar, concrete, 

walls, etc.), nitrophilous and tolerant to air pollution, 

rarely lignicolous or corticolous. 

B CC. L CC. 

This species has been confused with C. citrina for a 

long time. They frequently grow together, C. 

flavocitrina normally being less nitrophilous and 

more frequent. 

Lit.: NL97: 20. 

flavorubescens (Huds.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: C. aurantiaca (Lightf.) Th. Fr. 

Corticolous on Fraxinus, Populus and Ulmus in well-lit 

conditions, recently collected on Quercus in a forest. 

B Mosan: RRR (1964), Ard.: RR (†


maritima B. de Lesd. 

Syn.: C. interfulgens auct. belg., non (Nyl.) J. Steiner 

On walls and mortar, rarely on lignum, also on 

asbestos, by the sea-shore. 

B Mar.: AC. L - . 

Lit.: La69: 82, 107, Arup (1997). 

marmorata (Bagl.) Jatta 

Syn.: C. lactea auct. p. p., non (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. 

On small blocks of hard calcareous rocks in a 

Xerobrometum. 

B Mosan: RRR, perhaps overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: Navarro-Rosinés & Hladun (1996: 162). 

obscurella (J. Lahm) Th. Fr. 

Incl. C. sarcopisioides (Körb.) Zahlbr. 

Corticolous, mainly at the base of isolated trunks of 

Malus, Populus or Salix in well-lit conditions, 

rarely on the bark of other trees. 

B Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L 

Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: AR. Overlooked. 

Lit.: Di: 76-78, Ma: 210-212, 218-220, NL84: 12, NL87: 20. 

ochracea (Schaer.) Flagey 

Syn.: Blastenia ochracea (Schaer.) Trevis., C. tetrasticha 

(Nyl.) H. Olivier 

On hard calcareous rocks in dry and sunny conditions, 


B Mosan: AC. L - . F Mosan: RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 213-216, NL77: 19. 

phlogina (Ach.) Flagey 

Corticolous or lignicolous. 

B - . L - . F Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8. 

(*)polycarpa (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: C. tenuatula (Nyl.) Zahlbr., C. tenuata auct., 

non (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 


in natural habitats, always as a parasite on 

Verrucaria calciseda. 

B Mosan: AR. L - . F Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Ma: 232-235. 

ruderum (Malbr.) J. R. Laundon 

On cement of calcareous walls in highly nitrophilous 

conditions (e. g. around farms), rarely at the base 

of natural sandstone rocks in forest. 

B Fl.: R, Camp.: RR, Brab.: AR, Mosan: AC, Ard.: 

R. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Ma: 216-218, NL84: 12, NL93: 42, VGH: 114, 


(1994: 37). 

saxicola (Hoffm.) Nordin 

Syn.: C. murorum (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

On hard calcareous rocks, usually in dry, sunny and 

nitrophilous conditions, mainly in natural habitats, 

occasionally on walls, mortar or concrete. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: AC, Camp.: RR, Brab.: RR, 

Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 221-225, NL92: 168, NL93: 42, VGH: 

114, Hoffmann & Van Rompu (1995), Zwaenepoel et 

al. (1994: 37). 

subpallida H. Magn. 

Syn.: C. arenaria auct. p. p., non (Pers.) Müll. Arg. 


B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: AR. 

The distinction of this species from the genuine C. 

arenaria has been made recently and the exact 

distribution and ecology of both species in the 

area of study require further studies. 

Lit.: Ma: 126-128, NL84: 12, NL92: 151. 

tegularis auct., non (Ehrh.) Sandst. 

On exposed, siliceous rocks, and on shaded vertical 

bricks of old walls, in natural and artificial habitats. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR. F 

Mosan: RRR. 

The material referred to this species is probably 

heterogeneous and requires further study. 

Lit.: Ma: 225-229, Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37, as C. 

saxicola var. ‘teicholaris’ [sic]). 

teicholyta (Ach.) J. Steiner 

On sandstone or calcareous walls, often on horizontal 

surfaces of gravestones or on concrete, 

usually in nitrophilous conditions, rarely on 

natural calcareous outcrops. 

B Mar.: R, Fl.: R, Camp.: RR, Brab.: R, Mosan: 

AC, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ma: 229-231, NL77: 19, NL84: 12, NL87: 20, 

NL92: 151, NL93: 42, VGH: 114. 

vacillans (Th. Fr.) H. Magn. 

Over mosses on hard calcareous rocks. 

B Mosan: RRR (†1883). L - . 

The identity of the only collection referred to this 

name requires further studies. 

Lit.: Ma: 260. 

variabilis (Pers.) Müll. Arg. 

On natural, calcareous outcrops, and on old walls 

(e. g. in churchyards). 

B Mosan: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. F Mosan: 

RRR, Lorr.: RR. D Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 235-238, NL92: 168, John (1986: 110).


vitellinula auct., non (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

On siliceous rocks, in natural or artificial habitats. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: Ma: 244-246, NL92: 151. 

xantholyta (Nyl.) Jatta 

Syn.: Leproplaca xantholyta (Nyl.) Harm. 

On calcareous and sandstone rocks, always in shaded, 

natural habitats, usually on vertical surfaces. 

B Mosan: AR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Ma: 252-254. 

aractina (Fr.) Häyrén, syn. C. viridirufa auct., non (Ach.) 

Zahlbr. This species was reported from B Mosan on the 

basis of a single collection which could not be located 

(Ma: 244). Its presence in the area of study is very 

doubtful. 

arenaria auct., p. p., non (Pers.) Müll. Arg., see C. subpallida 

aurantia auct., non (Pers.) J. Steiner, see C. flavescens 

aurantiaca (Lightf.) Th. Fr., see C. flavorubescens 

caesiorufa ‘(Wibel) Flagey’. Reported from B by DG: 37, 

but no material seen (Ma: 145). 

callopisma (Ach.) Th. Fr., see C. aurantia 

chlorina var. cyanolepra (Nyl.) Kickx, see C. chlorina 

citrina var. flavocitrina (Nyl.) A. E. Wade, see C. flavocitrina 

(*)congrediens (Nyl.) Zahlbr., see C. grimmiae 

dalmatica (A. Massal.) H. Olivier, see C. dolomiticola 

elegans (Link) Th. Fr., see Xanthoria elegans 

festiva (Ach.) Zwackh, see C. crenularia 

fulgens (Sw.) Körb., see Fulgensia fulgens 

heppiana (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr., see C. flavescens 

heppiana var. brevilobata (Nyl.) A. E. Wade, see C. brevilobata 

interfulgens auct. belg., non (Nyl.) J. Steiner, see C. maritima 

isidiigera Vězda, see C. chlorina 

lactea (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. The reports of this species from 

the study area refer either to C. crenulatella or to C. 

marmorata. See under these names. C. lactea does not 

occur in the study area. 

lobulata (Flörke) Hellb., syn. Xanthoria lobulata (Flörke) B. 

de Lesd. The only collection reported under this name 

from the study area is C. vitellinula (Ma: 207-208). 

murorum (Ach.) Th. Fr., see C. saxicola 

murorum auct. p. p., non (Ach.) Fr., see C. biatorina 

pyracea (Ach.) Th. Fr., see C. holocarpa 

sarcopisioides (Körb.) Zahlbr., see under C. obscurella 

stillicidiorum (Vahl) Lynge, see C. cerina var. chloroleuca 

(*)tenuata auct., non (Nyl.) Zahlbr., see C. polycarpa 

(*)tenuatula (Nyl.) Zahlbr., see C. polycarpa 

tetrasticha (Nyl.) H. Olivier, see C. ochracea 

ulcerosa Coppins & P. James. The collection from B Mar. 

referred to this species by Ma: 259 is a shade form of C. 

citrina. 

velana auct., non (A. Massal.) Du Rietz, see C. dolomiticola 

virescens (Sm.) Coppins. This species was mentioned from 

B by Ma: 241-244 and Purvis et al. (1992: 159), but the 

corresponding material is now included in C. chlorina. 

viridirufa, auct., non (Ach.) Zahlbr., see C. aractina 

CANDELARIA A. Massal. 

concolor (Dicks.) Stein 

Corticolous, mainly on isolated trees along roads, 

in villages or in orchards, usually in nitrophilous 

conditions. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: AR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: AC, 

Mosan: AR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: DSL: 242-243, Ho: 109, 567, La66: 359-363, WS: 

32, 66. 

CANDELARIELLA Müll. Arg. 

aurella (Hoffm.) Zahlbr. 

On calcareous or sandstone rocks, walls, mortar, 

concrete, asbestos, etc., especially common in 

urban areas, exceptionally corticolous. 

B AC-CC. L AC-CC. 

Lit.: Ho: 101, 110, Mü1: 152, NL84: 12, NL92: 151, 

NL93: 42, VGH: 114. 

coralliza (Nyl.) H. Magn. 

On siliceous and rarely sandstone rocks, in exposed 

and nitrophilous conditions, only in natural 

habitats. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 78, La68: 77-78, Mü1: 152, NL92: 168, Sé: 137. 

medians (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

On man-made calcareous substrates, always in nitrophilous 

conditions. 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: AR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: RRR. L 

Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: La69: 106, NL92: 151, VGH: 114, Zwaenepoel et 

al. (1994: 37).


reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau 

Corticolous, mainly in orchards on Malus and 

Pyrus or on roadside trees, rarely in forests, 

exceptionally on corticolous mosses, always in 

nitrophilous conditions. 

B AR-C. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Di: 79-80. 

vitellina (Hoffm.) Müll. Arg. 

Syn.: Callopisma vitellinum (Hoffm.) Bagl. 

Saxicolous, on siliceous and sandstone rocks, 

exceptionally terricolous, rarely corticolous, 

especially at the base of isolated trees, often in 

polluted areas or close to farms. 

B AC-CC. L AC-CC. 

Lit.: Ca: 87-88, Di: 80-81, DSL: 242, Ho: 111, NL93: 42-43. 

xanthostigma (Ach.) Lettau 

Corticolous, in orchards (e. g. on Malus), but also 

on trees in forests or along roads (e. g. Fraxinus, 

Populus, Tilia, Ulmus). 

B Mar.: AC, Fl.: C, Camp.: C, Brab.: AC, Mosan, 

Ard., Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 90-91, Di: 81-82, DSL: 241-242, Ho: 113, 

NL84: 13, Qu: 82-83, VGH: 114. 

CAPRONIA Sacc. 

*peltigerae (Fuckel) D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Enchnosphaeria peltigerae (Fuckel) Sacc. 

On Peltigera didactyla and P. rufescens. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Lorr.: R (AC in the southwestern 

part). F Mar.: RRR (


griffithii (Sm.) Malme, see Cliostomum griffithii 

grossa (Nyl.) Körb., see Megalaria grossa 

incana ‘(Sm.)’. The lichen referred to this name by Ko: 259 

is most probably Lepraria incana. 

lightfootii (Sm.) H. Olivier, see Fuscidea lightfootii 

melanobola f. frullaniae B. de Lesd., see Arthonia muscigena 

micrococca (Körb.) Th. Fr., see Micarea prasina 

prasina (Fr.) Th. Fr., see Micarea prasina 

pulverea (Borrer) Lettau, see Megalaria pulverea 

sphaeroides (A. Massal.) Schuler, see Biatora sphaeroides 


synothea auct., non Ach., see Micarea denigrata 

tricolor auct., non (With.) Th. Fr., see Cliostomum griffithii 

CATINARIA Vain. 

atropurpurea (Schaer.) Poelt & Vězda 

Syn.: Biatorina atropurpurea (Schaer.) A. Massal., 

Catillaria atropurpurea (Schaer.) Th. Fr. 

Corticolous, on Acer platanoides, Fagus, Populus, 

Pyrus and Quercus, mostly in well-preserved 

forests, rarely along roads. 

B Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR. 

The related, undescribed species with 3-septate 

ascospores, mentioned in Purvis et al. (1992: 

170), occurs in the study area (B Mosan: RRR, 

Ard.: RRR). 

Lit.: Di: 83, L3: 28. 

grossa (Nyl.) Vain., see Megalaria grossa 

laureri (Th. Fr.) Degel., see Megalaria laureri 

leucoplaca (DC.) Zahlbr., see Megalaria grossa 

CATOLECHIA Flot. 

canescens (Dicks.) Anzi, see Diploicia canescens 

CELIDIUM Tul. 

*stictarum Tul., see Plectocarpon lichenum 

*varians (‘Nyl.’) Arnold, see Arthonia glaucomaria 

*varium (Tul.) A. Massal., see Arthonia varia 

CERCIDOSPORA Körb. 

*epipolytropa (Mudd) Arnold 

On Lecanora gisleriana, L. intricata and L. polytropa. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 21. 

*xanthoriae (Wedd.) R. Sant. 

Syn.: C. caudata Kernst. 

In the apothecia of Caloplaca crenulatella. 


Lit.: L8. 

CETRARIA Ach. 

aculeata (Schreb.) Fr. 

Syn.: Coelocaulon aculeatum (Schreb.) Link, Cornicularia 

aculeata (Schreb.) Ach., C. tenuissima 

(L.) Zahlbr. 

On soil in heaths, on slate debris in abandoned 

quarries, on sandstone rocks, also present in 

slightly acidified Mesobromion communities. 

B Mar.: RR, Camp.: AR-AC, decreasing rapidly, 

Brab.: RR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L 

Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: La66: 445, Mü1: 154. 

islandica (L.) Ach. 

On soil in heaths, formerly also present in slightly 

acidified Mesobromion communities (still present 

in such habitats in F Lorr.). 

B Camp.: AR, decreasing rapidly, Brab.: RR 

(†


hepatizon (Ach.) Vain., see Tuckermannopsis hepatizon 

juniperina (L.) Ach., see Vulpicida juniperinus 

nivalis (L.) Ach., see Flavocetraria nivalis 

odontella (Ach.) Ach., syn. Cornicularia odontella (Ach.) 

Westend. Reported from B by DG: 34, but relevant material 

not seen. Most probably a misidentification. 

pinastri (Scop.) Gray, see Vulpicida pinastri 

sepincola (Ehrh.) Ach., see Tuckermannopsis sepincola 

CETRELIA W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

olivetorum (Nyl.) W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

Syn.: C. cetrarioides (Duby) W. L. Culb. & C. F. 

Culb., Parmelia cetrarioides (Duby) Nyl. 

Corticolous, mainly on Fagus in well-preserved and 

humid forests, or saxicolous on sandstone rocks. 

B Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: RRR (1985), Lorr.: 

RR (1981). 

Two chemotypes have been detected in the study area: 

one containing imbricaric acid, which corresponds 

to C. cetrarioides, and one with olivetoric acid, 

which corresponds to C. olivetorum s. s. 

Lit.: L4: 19, Diederich (1985a: 22), Diederich (1986a: 118). 

cetrarioides (Duby) W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb., see C. olivetorum 

CHAENOTHECA (Th. Fr.) Th. Fr. 

brachypoda (Ach.) Tibell 

Syn.: Coniocybe sulphurea (Retz.) Nyl. 

Corticolous, on old Salix, mainly in crevices. 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L3: 30, Hoffmann & Van Landuyt (1997: 29-30), 

Van Landuyt & Hoffmann (1996). 

brunneola (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

Corticolous, on standing decorticated wood. 


Lit.: Di: 86, L3: 29, L5: 17. 

chlorella (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

Syn.: C. carthusiae (Harm.) Lettau 

Corticolous, on old Quercus. 

B Brab.: RR, Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L3: 29, Ho: 118, Hoffmann & Van Landuyt (1997: 

30), Van Landuyt & Hoffmann (1996). 

chrysocephala (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

Syn.: Cyphelium chrysocephalum (Ach.) Chevall. 

Corticolous or lignicolous, mainly on old Quercus, 

rarely on Alnus, Carpinus, Crataegus, Populus 

or Prunus avium, often accompanied by other 

species of Caliciales. 

B Brab.: RRR (†


Corticolous, mainly in deep crevices of old Quercus 

trees. 

B Fl.: RR, Brab.: AR, Mosan: R, Ard.: R. L Ard.: 

RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 91-92, Ho: 118, L3: 30, NL84: 13, NL92: 168, 

Hoffmann & Van Landuyt (1997: 32-33). 

xyloxena Nádv. 

Corticolous and lignicolous on Quercus and Salix. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR (†1892). 

Lit.: Di: 92, L5: 17. 

aeruginosa (A. L. Sm.) A. L. Sm., see C. trichialis 

aeruginosa auct. p. p., non (A. L. Sm.) A. L. Sm., see C. 

stemonea 

carthusiae (Harm.) Lettau, see C. chlorella 

chlorella auct., non (Ach.) Müll. Arg., see C. phaeocephala 

hispidula auct. belg., non (Ach.) Zahlbr., see C. phaeocephala 

melanophaea (Ach.) Zwackh, see C. ferruginea 

trabinella (A. L. Sm.) A. L. Sm., see C. phaeocephala 

CHAENOTHECOPSIS Vain. 

+pusilla (Flörke) A. F. W. Schmidt 

Syn.: Calicium pusillum Flörke, Chaenothecopsis 

subpusilla (Vain.) Tibell, Calicium floerkei Zahlbr. 

Lignicolous, on a young, dead Quercus close to a 

stream. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 93-94, L5: 17. 

*vainioana (Nádv.) Tibell 

On Calicium lichenoides, on old Quercus trees, in 

well-preserved forests. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 94-95, L5: 17-18, NL84: 13, Tholl et al. (1999). 

+subpusilla (Vain.) Tibell, see C. pusilla 

CHROMATOCHLAMYS Trevis. 

muscorum (Fr.) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt var. muscorum 

On terricolous mosses in Xerobromion communities. 

B Mosan: RR. L - . F Mar.: RRR (


portentosa (Dufour) Follmann 

Syn.: Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem., C. 

impexa Harm., C. sylvatica α sylvestris a. tenuis 

subf. condensata Aigret, C. subimpexa P. A. 

Duvign., C. portentosa f. subimpexa (P. A. 

Duvign.) Ahti 

On humus and acidic soil in heathlands, among 

rocks, also in open woodlands. 

B Mar.: RR, Camp.: AC, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: R, 

Ard.: AC, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. F 

Ard.: R. 

C. subimpexa is a very rare chemotype with a conspicuous 

grey colour and lacking usnic acid; it 

was described from La Roche (B Ard.). 

Lit.: La69: 132, Mü1: 149, NL84: 13, NL92: 169, Ramaut 

et al. (1966), Van Landuyt & Hoffmann (1996). 

rangiferina (L.) Nyl. 

Syn.: Cladonia rangiferina (L.) F. H. Wigg. 

Over siliceous and sandstone rocks, generally between 

mosses. 

B Ard.: AR-R→ RR, on the verge of extinction. L 

Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La68: 75, La69: 132, NL92: 169, Sé: 137, Duvigneaud 

(1938), Lambinon & Schumacker (1962). 

stygia (Fr.) Ruoss 

Syn.: Cladonia stygia (Fr.) Ahti 

Ecology of the only reported collection unknown, 

probably on soil in heathland. 

B Ard.: RRR (†1936). L - . 


Lit.: Sé: 141. 

arbuscula (Wallr.) Hale & W. L. Culb. subsp. arbuscula, 

syn. Cladonia arbuscula (Wallr.) Flot., C. sylvatica auct., 

non (Ach.) Rabenh. All the records of this taxon from the 

area of study are likely to belong to C. arbuscula subsp. 

squarrosa, but a chemical study of the whole material 

still has to be done. The subsp. arbuscula is an alpine 

taxon, which is unlikely to occur in the study area. 

stellaris (Opiz) Brodo, syn. Cladonia stellaris (Opiz) Pouzar 

& Vězda, C. alpestris auct., non (L.) Rabenh. Reported 

from B by DG: 25, but relevant material not seen. Most 

probably a misidentification. 

CLADONIA P. Browne 

caespiticia (Pers.) Flörke 

On sandy or mossy soil, at the base of trees, or 

more frequently over sandstone or siliceous 

rocks, usually in shaded places. 

B Brab.: RRR (1968), Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: 

RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 142, Mü1: 148, NL77: 19, NL92: 169, 

Diederich (1985b: 30). 

callosa Harm. 

Syn.: C. fragilissima Østh. & P. James 

On shale debris by a road. 

B - . L - . F Ard.: RRR. Most probably overlooked 

throughout the Ard. district. 

Lit.: L8. 

cariosa (Ach.) Spreng. 

On sandy, ± calcareous soil, also found on industrial 

soil slightly contaminated with heavy 

metals (Pb and Zn). 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 142, L8, Mü1: 146, NL87: 20, Diederich 

(1985b: 30). 

cenotea (Ach.) Schaer. 

Syn.: C. uncinata Hoffm. 

On mosses and plant debris over siliceous rocks in 

a Quercus wood. 

B Ard.: RRR. L - . Overlooked ? 

Lit.: DG: 27, L8, Aigret (1901: 138). 

cervicornis (Ach.) Flot. subsp. cervicornis 

Syn.: C. verticillata (Hoffm.) Schaer. var. cervicornis 

(Ach.) Flörke 

On sandy soil, often in heathlands. 

B Camp.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 30, Mü1: 147. 

cervicornis subsp. pulvinata (Sandst.) Ahti 

Syn.: C. rappii auct., non A. Evans 

On sandy soil, over siliceous, natural outcrops and 

over slate debris in disused quarries. 

B Camp.: RRR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 139, Schl: 56-57, 204, Sé: 137. 

cervicornis subsp. verticillata (Hoffm.) Ahti 

Syn.: C. verticillata (Hoffm.) Schaer. 

Over sandy or humus-rich soil, in heathlands, bogs 

or over siliceous, natural outcrops, also found in 

disused quarries and on industrial soil contaminated 

with heavy metals (Pb and Zn). 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 147, NL92: 169, Vanek (1976). 

chlorophaea (Sommerf.) Spreng. 

On recently disturbed soil, peat, humus and rotting 

logs, in open places, rarely on trees inside forests. 

B Camp., Mosan: AR, Ard., Lorr.: AC. L AC. F 

Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AC. 

Lit.: La69: 139.


coccifera (L.) Willd. 

On acidic soil, on humus, on sandstone or siliceous 

rocks, often in Calluna heathlands. 

The following taxa, based on chemical and minor 

morphological differences, have been recognized 

in the study area: 

C. coccifera s. s., syn. C. cornucopioides (L.) 

Körb.: B Ard.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. 

C. borealis S. Stenroos: B Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR. 

C. diversa Asperges: B Mar.: RRR, Camp.: C (type 

locality), Brab.: AR, Mosan: R, Ard.: AR-AC, 

Lorr.: RRR. L - . D Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: NL92: 152, 169, Schl: 73, 212, Asperges (1983: 358- 

404), Asperges (1985b), Asperges (1987: 98-100). 

coniocraea (Flörke) Spreng. 

On soil amongst siliceous and calcareous outcrops, 

frequently on trees with a mossy acid bark or wood. 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: AR, Camp.: C, Brab.: AC, Mosan: 

R, Ard., Lorr.: C. L C. F Mosan, Ard.: C. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 175-176, DSL: 235-236, Ho: 119, La69: 

141, NL84: 13, Qu: 130-131, VGH: 114. 

convoluta (Lam.) Anders 

Syn.: C. foliacea var. convoluta (Lam.) Vain., C. 

endiviifolia (Dicks.) Fr. 

Terricolous, in Mesobromion and Xerobromion 

communities, also in disused quarries of calcareous 

rocks. 

B Mosan: AR. L - . F Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 143, NL84: 13. 

cornuta (L.) Hoffm. 

On calcareous or sandy soil, in open places or 

inside forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: DG: 29, L5: 18, Mü1: 147, NL84: 13, Aigret (1901: 

157), Diederich (1986a: 118-119). 

crispata (Ach.) Flot. 

Incl. C. crispata var. cetrariiformis (Delise) Vain. 

In heathlands, in open woodlands, over soil or 

amongst mosses, also ± directly over exposed 

sandstone and siliceous rocks. 

B Brab.: RRR, Camp.: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: DG: 27, La68: 74, La69: 135, Mü1: 148, Mü2: 196, 

Schl: 79, 214, Asperges (1990: 130), Smets (1997), 

Vanek (1976). 

deformis (L.) Hoffm. 

On acidic soil and humus in heathlands, in open 

forests or over siliceous, natural outcrops. 

B Camp.: RR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: R. L - . 

Lit.: Mü1: 146, Asperges (1983: 420-429), Asperges 

(1987: 98). 

digitata (L.) Hoffm. 

On living trees or dead logs (Betula, Fagus, Picea, 

Pinus, Quercus, etc.), rarely on peaty soil, inside 

forests. 

B Camp.: RR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. F Ard.: R. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 178, Mü1: 146, NL84: 13, Asperges 

(1983: 316-333), Asperges (1987: 98). 

fimbriata (L.) Fr. 

Syn.: C. major (K. G. Hagen) Sandst. 

On acidic soil and rotting wood, more rarely on 

trees, rocks and old walls, also on industrial soil 

contaminated with heavy metals (Pb and Zn). 

B Mar.: R, Fl.: RR, Camp.: AR, Brab.: AC, Mosan, 

Ard., Lorr.: AC. L AC. F Mosan, Ard.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 177, Ho: 122, La69: 141, NL84: 13, Qu:130, 132. 

floerkeana (Fr.) Flörke 

Syn.: C. macilenta subsp. floerkeana (Fr.) V. Wirth 

On acidic soil, humus, peat and rotting wood and 

stumps in heathlands, and over siliceous and 

sandstone rocks. 

The following taxa, separated by chemical and 

minor morphological characters, are known from 

the study area: 

C. floerkeana s. s.: B Camp.: AC-C, Brab.: AR, 

Mosan: RR, Ard.: AC, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR. 

C. berghsonii Asperges: B Camp.: R, Brab.: RRR, 

Ard.: RR (type locality). L - . 

Lit.: Mü1: 145, Asperges (1981), Asperges (1983: 285- 

315), Asperges (1987: 96, 100). 

foliacea (Huds.) Willd. 

Syn.: C. alcicornis (Lightf.) Fr. 

Terricolous in Mesobromion communities, incl. 

those with a slightly acidic soil, sometimes over 

siliceous, natural outcrops, rarely in dunes. 

B Mar.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 143, Mü1: 146, NL84: 13, NL92: 169, 


furcata (Huds.) Schrad. subsp. furcata 

On moderately acidic soil, in open, mossy or grassy 

places, also found on industrial soil contaminated 


B Mar.: R, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: RRR (


In Mesobromion and Xerobromion communities, 

usually in very dry and exposed facies. 

B Mar.: RR, Mosan: R. L Lorr.: R. F Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, La68: 74-75, NL84: 13. 

glauca Flörke 

Terricolous on acidic soil, over natural, siliceous 

and sandstone outcrops, also on rotting trees and 

stumps, frequent in disused quarries. 

B Camp: RR, Brab.: RRR (1969), Mosan: RR, 

Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 141, Mü1: 148, NL84: 13, NL87: 21, NL92: 

169, Schl: 214, Diederich (1985b: 30). 

gracilis (L.) Willd. 

On sandy soil and on humus in heathlands and over 

natural, siliceous or sandstone outcrops, usually 

in open places and frequent in disused quarries. 

B Camp.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: 

RRR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. F Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 136, Mü1: 146, Smets (1997). 

grayi Sandst. 

Terricolous on acidic soil, on humus and on rotting 

wood, often over sandstone and siliceous rocks. 

The following chemotypes are known from the 

study area: 

C. cryptochlorophaea Asahina: B Camp.: RR, 

Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RRR. 

C. grayi: B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. 

C. merochlorophaea Asahina s. s.: B Camp.: RRR, 

Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AC, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RRR. 

C. novochlorophaea (Sipman) Brodo & Ahti, syn. 

C. merochlorophaea var. novochlorophaea 

Sipman: B Camp.: RR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: NL92: 152, 169, Diederich (1985b: 31), Duvigneaud 

(1937b). 

humilis (With.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: C. conoidea Ahti, C. conistea auct., non 

(Delise) Asahina 

Terricolous, in open places in Calluna heathlands, 

over sandstone rocks, along roads, etc. 

B Camp.: RR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L 

Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. D Ard.: AR. 

Lit.: NL77: 19, NL84: 13, Schl: 207, Sé: 141, Asperges 

(1990: 131), Diederich (1985b: 30). 

macilenta Hoffm. 

Terricolous on acidic soil, on humus and stumps in 

heathlands and over siliceous rocks, also found 

on industrial soil contaminated with heavy 

metals (Pb and Zn). 

The following taxa, mainly distinguished by chemical 

characters, are known from the study area: 

C. macilenta s. s.: B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RR, Camp.: 

AC, Brab.: RR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: AC, Lorr.: 

AC. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: R. 

C. bacillaris (Leight.) Arnold: B Fl.: RR, Camp.: C, 

Brab.: R, Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L - . 

Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: Ca: 178, Mü1: 145, Asperges (1983: 239-260), 

Asperges (1987: 96, 100). 

macrophylla (Schaer.) Stenh. 

Syn.: C. alpicola (Flot.) Vain. 

On humus over a natural, siliceous outcrop. 

B Ard.: RRR (1984). L - . 

Lit.: Sé: 140, Daniëls (1985). 

ochrochlora Flörke 

Over mosses on trees and rotting wood, often on 

tree stumps. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: RR. Overlooked because of earlier confusion 

with C. coniocraea. 

Lit.: DG: 29, Mü1: 147, NL84: 13, NL92: 169, Sé: 141, 


parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm. 

Syn.: C. delicata auct., non (Ach.) Flörke 

On rotting trunks or stumps, mainly in woodlands. 

B Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, ?Lorr.: RR 

(†


On peat and humus-rich soil in heathlands or bogs, 

or over natural, siliceous outcrops, rare in artificial 

habitats. 

B Brab.: RRR, Camp. RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Schl: 213, Asperges (1983: 404-419), Asperges 

(1987: 101). 

polycarpoides Nyl. 

Syn.: C. subcariosa auct., non (Nyl.) Vain. 

On sand or mossy soil, over siliceous outcrops, in 

exposed conditions. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: 

RRR (†


sulphurina (Michx.) Fr. 

On mossy boulders in a natural scree in a deep valley. 

B Ard.: RR (1962). L - . 

Lit.: Sé: 141, Asperges (1983: 349-357), Asperges (1987: 

101). 

symphycarpa (Flörke) Fr. 

Syn.: C. ‘symphycarpia’ auct. 

On sandy or mineral soil, or overgrowing mosses in 

dry and exposed, open, calcareous habitats; a 

species typical of Xerobromion communities, 

also found in similar artificial habitats, like old 

railway ballast and on industrial soil contaminated 


B Mosan: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. F Mosan: 

RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: DG: 28, Ertz: 19, La69: 142, NL84: 13, NL97: 47, 


uncialis (L.) F. H. Wigg. subsp. biuncialis (Hoffm.) 

Choisy 

Syn.: C. uncialis auct. belgo-luxemb. 

On soil in heathlands and on natural, siliceous or 

sandstone outcrops, often in exposed conditions, 

also found in disused quarries (especially of slate 

debris) and on industrial soil contaminated with 

heavy metals (Pb and Zn). 

B Camp.: RR, Brab.: RRR (†1891), Mosan: RR, 

Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. F 

Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 130, Mü1: 149, NL92: 169. 

zopfii Vain. 

Syn.: C. destricta auct., non (Nyl.) Zopf 

On sandy or gravel soil in heathlands. 

B Camp.: AR→ R, Lorr.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: La69: 130, Vanek (1976). 

acuminata (Ach.) Norrl. Reported from B by DG: 28 and 

from L by Ko: 124, but relevant material not seen. 

agariciformis Wulfen. This name, of uncertain application, 

was used by Ko: 133-134 and Feltgen (1902: 176) for 

several Cladonia species in which the primary thallus is 

predominant. 

alcicornis (Lightf.) Fr., see C. foliacea 

alpestris auct., non (L.) Rabenh., see Cladina stellaris 

alpicola (Flot.) Vain., see C. macrophylla 

arbuscula (Wallr.) Flot. subsp. arbuscula, see Cladina 

arbuscula subsp. arbuscula 

arbuscula subsp. arbuscula auct. p. p., non (Wallr.) Flot., 

see Cladina arbuscula subsp. squarrosa 

arbuscula subsp. mitis (Sandst.) Ruoss, see Cladina mitis 

arbuscula subsp. squarrosa (Wallr.) Ruoss, see Cladina 

arbuscula subsp. squarrosa 

bacillaris (Leight.) Arnold, see C. macilenta 

bellidiflora (Ach.) Schaer. This species has not been correctly 

reported from the study area (fide Asperges, 1983: 

429-430). 

berghsonii Asperges, see C. floerkeana 

borealis S. Stenroos, see C. coccifera 

botrytes (K. G. Hagen) Willd. The report of this species 

from L Lorr. by Ko: 128-129 is not supported by any 

herbarium material, and is therefore doubtful. 

bouillennei P. A. Duvign., see C. polydactyla 

carneola (Fr.) Fr. Reported from B by DG: 30 and Aigret 

(1901: 205), and from L by Ko: 128 (see also Schl: 211) 

and Feltgen (1902: 176), but relevant material not seen. 

Most probably a misidentification. 

ciliata Stirt., see Cladina ciliata 

ciliata var. tenuis (Flörke) Ahti, see Cladina ciliata 

coccifera var. pleurota (Flörke) Schaer., see C. pleurota 

conistea auct., non (Delise) Asahina, see C. humilis 

conoidea Ahti, see C. humilis 

cornucopioides (L.) Körb., see C. coccifera 

cornutoradiata (Vain.) Zopf, see C. subulata 

crispata var. cetrariiformis (Delise) Vain., see C. crispata 

cryptochlorophaea Asahina, see C. grayi 

decorticata (Flörke) Spreng. Reported from B by DG: 29 

and Aigret (1901: 149), and from L Ard. by Ko: 123, but 

relevant material not seen. 

degenerans (Flörke) Spreng., see C. phyllophora 

delicata auct., non (Ach.) Flörke, see C. parasitica 

destricta auct., non (Nyl.) Zopf, see C. zopfii 

diversa Asperges, see C. coccifera 

endiviifolia (Dicks.) Fr., see C. convoluta 

flabelliformis Vain., see C. polydactyla 

foliacea var. convoluta (Lam.) Vain., see C. convoluta 

gracilis subsp. elongata (Wulfen) Vain. Reported from B by 

DG: 29, but relevant material not seen. Most probably a 

misidentification. 

gracilis var. macroceras (Delise) Flot., see C. macroceras 

impexa Harm., see Cladina portentosa 

incrassata Flörke. Old reports of this species from B are 

erroneous (Asperges 1983: 431), and the collection 

mentioned by Sé: 140 from B Ard. could not be checked, 

the relevant specimen being absent in LGHF.


leptophylla (Ach.) Flörke, see C. peziziformis 

leucophaea Abbayes, see Cladina ciliata 

macilenta subsp. floerkeana (Fr.) V. Wirth, see C. floerkeana 

macroceras (Delise) Hav. The report of this species from L 

Ard. by Ko: 121 (sub C. gracilis var. macroceras) is not 

supported by any herbarium material, and is therefore 

doubtful. 

major (K. G. Hagen) Sandst., see C. fimbriata 

merochlorophaea Asahina, see C. grayi 

merochlorophaea var. novochlorophaea Sipman, see C. grayi 

mitis Sandst., see Cladina mitis 

nemoxyna (Ach.) Arnold, see C. rei 

novochlorophaea (Sipman) Brodo & Ahti, see C. grayi 

papillaria (Ehrh.) Hoffm., see Pycnothelia papillaria 

pityrea (Flörke) Fr., see C. ramulosa 

pocillum (Ach.) O. J. Rich., see C. pyxidata subsp. pocillum 

portentosa (Dufour) Coem., see Cladina portentosa 

pungens (Ach.) Flörke, see C. rangiformis 

rangiferina (L.) F. H. Wigg., see Cladina rangiferina 

rappii auct., non A. Evans, see C. cervicornis subsp. pulvinata 

squamosa var. subsquamosa (Nyl.) Th. Fr., see C. squamosa 

stellaris (Opiz) Pouzar & Vězda, see Cladina stellaris 

stygia (Fr.) Ahti, see Cladina stygia 

subcariosa auct., non (Nyl.) Vain., see C. polycarpoides 

subcervicornis (Vain.) Kernst. Once reported from B Camp. 

by Asperges (1990: 131), but no material seen. 

subimpexa P. A. Duvign., see Cladina portentosa 

subrangiformis Abbayes, see C. furcata subsp. subrangiformis 

subsquamosa (Leight.) Cromb., see C. squamosa 

sylvatica auct., non (Ach.) Rabenh., see Cladina arbuscula 

subsp. arbuscula 

sylvatica α sylvestris a. tenuis subf. condensata Aigret, see 

Cladina portentosa 

tenuis (Flörke) Harm., see Cladina ciliata 

turgida Hoffm. The report of this species from L Ard. by Ko: 

120 and Lorr. by Feltgen (1902: 173) is not supported by 

any herbarium material, and is therefore doubtful. 

uncinata Hoffm., see C. cenotea 

verticillata (Hoffm.) Schaer., see C. cervicornis subsp. 

verticillata 

verticillata var. cervicornis (Ach.) Flörke, see C. cervicornis 

subsp. cervicornis 

CLADOSPORIUM Link 

*arthoniae M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

On Lecanographa lyncea and Schismatomma decolorans. 

B - . L Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 239, L5: 18. 

CLAUZADEA Hafellner & Bellem. 

immersa (Hoffm.) Hafellner & Bellem. 

Syn.: Lecidella immersa (Hoffm.) Körb., Protoblastenia 

immersa (Hoffm.) J. Steiner 

On hard calcareous rocks, in sunny and ± sheltered 

situations. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: NL77: 22, NL84: 13, NL97: 47. 

metzleri (Körb.) D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Protoblastenia metzleri (Körb.) J. Steiner 

On hard calcareous rocks, in rather sheltered conditions, 

once on sandstone in a Mesobromion community. 

B Mosan: AR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RRR. F Lorr.: RRR. 


monticola (Schaer.) Hafellner & Bellem. 

Syn.: Lecidea monticola Schaer., Protoblastenia monticola 

(Schaer.) J. Steiner, Lecidea fuscorubens 

(Nyl.) Nyl., Lecidella fuscorubens (Nyl.) Stein 

On calcareous rocks in ± exposed conditions, also 

on pebbles in Xerobromion communities and on 

shaded sandstone overhangs in forests. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. F 

Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 38, La69: 107, Mü1: 156, NL84: 13, NL87: 21, 

NL97: 47. 

chondrodes (A. Massal.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, syn. 

Protoblastenia chondrodes (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. Reported 

from B by DG: 38, but no material seen. 

cyclisca (A. Massal.) V. Wirth, syn. Lecidea cyclisca 

(A. Massal.) Malbr. Reported from B Mosan by BDL2: 

41-42, but no material seen. 

CLAUZADEANA Cl. Roux 

macula (Taylor) Coppins & Rambold 

Syn.: C. instratula (Nyl.) Cl. Roux, Aspicilia morioides 

Arnold 

On exposed, hard siliceous rocks. 


Lit.: Sé: 142. 

instratula (Nyl.) Cl. Roux, see C. macula


CLAUZADEOMYCES Diederich 

*verrucosus Diederich 

On Placopsis lambii. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: Diederich (1994). 

CLIOSTOMUM Fr. 

griffithii (Sm.) Coppins 

Syn.: Catillaria griffithii (Sm.) Malme, C. tricolor 

auct., non (With.) Th. Fr., Biatorina tricolor auct. 

On Populus and Ulmus near the coast, in rather open 

situations, and on Quercus in forests elsewhere. 

B Mar.: AC, Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 23, Ho: 123, La69: 82, 103, Mü4: 108, NL84: 

13, Barkman (1990: 14), Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

corrugatum (Ach.) Fr., syn. C. graniforme (K. G. Hagen) 

Coppins, Biatorina ehrhartiana (Ach.) Th. Fr. This species 

was reported from L by Ko: 240, but no specimen 

has been seen. Like C. griffithii, it is common in N 

France, along the coast (S of the study area). 

graniforme (K. G. Hagen) Coppins, see C. corrugatum 

CLYPEOCOCCUM D. Hawksw. 

*epicrassum (H. Oliv.) Nav.-Ros. & Cl. Roux 

On Squamarina cartilaginea. 


Lit.: NL97: 22. 

*hypocenomycis D. Hawksw. (‘hypocenomyceae’) 

On Hypocenomyce scalaris, always on Pinus. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 97, LF0: 7, NL97: 48. 

COELOCAULON LINK 

aculeatum (Schreb.) Link, see Cetraria aculeata 

muricatum (Ach.) J. R. Laundon, see Cetraria muricata 

COENOGONIUM Ehrenb. 

sp. 

At the entrance of caves, on calcareous rocks, in 


B Mosan: RR. L - . 

The identity of the relevant material requires further 

investigations. 

Lit.: Garbacki et al. (1999: 67-69). 

nigrum auct., non (Huds.) Zahlbr., see Cystocoleus ebeneus 

COLLEMA F. H. Wigg. 

auriforme (With.) Coppins & J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: C. auriculatum Hoffm. 

On calcareous rocks, usually in moist and shaded 

conditions, in natural or artificial (walls) habitats. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L 

Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR (1890). F Lorr. (Moselle): 


Lit.: Ertz: 19, NL77: 20, NL84: 13, NL92: 169, Degelius 

(1954: 346-358), Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

crispum (Huds.) F. H. Wigg. 

Syn.: C. cheilum (Ach.) Ach., incl. C. crispum var. 

metzleri (Arnold) Degel. 

On calcareous rocks, usually in moist and shaded 

conditions, in natural or artificial (walls, stones) 

habitats. 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: AR. F Ard.: 

RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: NL84: 13, NL92: 169, Degelius (1954: 280-298), 


cristatum (L.) F. H. Wigg. 

Syn.: C. granuliferum Nyl. 

On calcareous rocks, usually in exposed conditions, 

in natural or artificial (walls) habitats. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr. 

(Moselle): RR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, Mü2: 196, NL84: 13, NL97: 48, Degelius 

(1954: 308-329). 

dichotomum (With.) Coppins & J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: C. fluviatile (Huds.) Steud. 

On siliceous rocks, immersed in rivers. 

B Ard.: RR (1967). L - . 

Lit.: La69: 101. 

flaccidum (Ach.) Ach. 

Syn.: C. rupestre (Sw.) Rabenh. 

On siliceous rocks, often near rivers, rarely corticolous, 

on Acer, Fraxinus and Populus. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R→ 

RRR. F Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 20, La68: 73, NL92: 169, Degelius (1954: 384-400). 

fragrans (Sm.) Ach. 

Syn.: C. microphyllum Ach., Leptogium microphyllum 

(Ach.) Leight. 

On Ulmus. 

B Ard.: RRR (†1904). L - . 


Lit.: DG: 20, Degelius (1954: 298-307).


furfuraceum (Arnold) Du Rietz 

Corticolous on Fraxinus or Pyrus on roadside trees. 

B Lorr.: RR (1963). L - . F Lorr.: RRR (1989). 

Lit.: La69: 101. 

fuscovirens (With.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: C. tuniforme (Ach.) Ach., C. furvum (Ach.) DC. 

On exposed and rather dry, calcareous rocks, 

mainly in natural habitats, rarely on walls, roofs, 

gravestones, etc. 

B Fl.: RRR. Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L 

Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: R. Overlooked. 

Lit.: DG: 20, Ertz: 19, Mü5: 26, NL84: 13, NL97: 48, 


limosum (Ach.) Ach. 

Syn.: C. glaucescens Hoffm. 

On clayey soil, sand, brick, calcareous stones and 

marl rock. 

B Mar.: RRR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RR. L - . F 

Mar.: RR (

CONIDA A. Massal. 


*clemens (Tul.) A. Massal., see Arthonia clemens 

*epiphyscia (Nyl.) Arnold, see Arthonia epiphyscia 

*inundata (Vain.) Sacc., see Neocoleroa inundata 

CONIOCYBE Ach. 

furfuracea (L.) Ach., see Chaenotheca furfuracea 

gracilenta Ach., see Cybebe gracilenta 

pallida (Pers.) Fr., see Sclerophora nivea 

sulphurea (Retz.) Nyl., see Chaenotheca brachypoda 

CONIOSPORIUM Link 

*physciae (Kalchbr.) Sacc., see Xanthoriicola physciae 

CORISCIUM Vain. 

viride (Ach.) Vain., see Omphalina hudsoniana 

CORNICULARIA (Schreb.) Hoffm. 

aculeata (Schreb.) Ach., see Cetraria aculeata 

muricata (Ach.) Ach., see Cetraria muricata 

odontella (Ach.) Westend., see Cetraria odontella 

tenuissima (L.) Zahlbr., see Cetraria aculeata 

tenuissima var. muricata (Ach.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., see 

Cetraria muricata 

CORNUTISPORA Piroz. 

*ciliata Kalb 

On Cladonia pyxidata and Hypogymnia physodes. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L7: 85. 

*lichenicola D. Hawksw. & B. Sutton 

On Flavoparmelia caperata, Hypogymnia physodes 

and Neofuscelia loxodes. 

B Lorr.: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 239-240, L7: 85. 

*triangularis Diederich & Etayo 

On Pertusaria pertusa. 


Lit.: L7: 85, Tholl et al. (1999). 

CORTICIFRAGA D. Hawksw. & R. Sant. 

*fuckelii (Rehm) D. Hawksw. & R. Sant. 

Syn.: Phragmonaevia fuckelii Rehm 

On Peltigera rufescens and rarely on P. hymenina. 

B - . L Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: L5: 36. 

*peltigerae (Nyl.) D. Hawksw. & R. Sant. 

Syn.: Phragmonaevia peltigerae (Nyl.) Rehm, Peziza 

circinans Lib., nom. inval. 

On Peltigera sp. 

B Ard.: RR (


CYLINDROCARPON Wollenw., see Trichonectria 

CYPHELIUM Ach. 

*sessile (Pers.) Trevis. 

On Pertusaria coccodes (on isolated Fraxinus and 

Tilia). 

B - . L Ard.: RRR. F Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 16, Di: 98-99, L4: 23, L8. 

chrysocephalum (Ach.) Chevall., see Chaenotheca chysocephala 

inquinans (Sm.) Trevis. Reported from B by DG: 16, but no 


melanophaeum (Ach.) A. Massal., see Chaenotheca ferruginea 

stemoneum (Ach.) De Not., see Chaenotheca stemonea 

trichiale (Ach.) De Not., see Chaenotheca trichialis 

CYRTIDULA Minks 

+hippocastani (DC.) R. C. Harris 

Syn.: Mycoporum hippocastani (DC.) Coppins 

On twigs of Sorbus at the edge of a Picea wood. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

+quercus (A. Massal.) Minks 

Syn.: Mycoporum quercus (A. Massal.) Müll. Arg. 

On Corylus. 

B Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L5: 31. 

CYSTOCOLEUS Thwaites 

ebeneus (Dillwyn) Thwaites 

Syn.: C. niger auct., non (Huds.) Har., Coenogonium 

nigrum auct., non (Huds.) Zahlbr. 

Saxicolous on shaded, siliceous and sandstone 

rocks, exceptionally corticolous, always in very 

humid localities. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: AR. F Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 240-241, La68: 79-80, Mü4: 109, Mü5: 25, NL84: 

13, Lambinon (1963: 232), Lambinon (1968b: 405). 

niger auct., non (Huds.) Har., see C. ebeneus 

rupestris (Pers.) Rabenh., see Racodium rupestre 

DACAMPIA A. Massal. 

*rufescentis (Vouaux) D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Pleospora rufescentis Vouaux 

On Peltigera rufescens. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RRR (


Subaquatic, on siliceous rocks, rarely on exposed 

roots of trees, mainly near streams and submerged 

for most of the year. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AC. L Ard.: R. F Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: La66: 197-203, La69: 119, Mü1: 140, Diederich 

(1985a: 22), Diederich (1986a: 119), Molitor & 

Diederich (1997: 72). 

meiophyllizum Vain. 

Subaquatic, on siliceous rocks near streams, submerged 

for most of the year. 

B Ard.: R. L - . F Ard.: RRR. D Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La66: 195-197, Mü1: 140. 

miniatum (L.) W. Mann 

Syn.: Endocarpon miniatum (L.) Gaertn., incl. D. 

miniatum var. complicatum (Lightf.) Th. Fr. 

On hard calcareous, rarely on slightly calcareous, 

siliceous rocks, usually on ± vertical surfaces, 

submitted to periodic flushing. 

B Mosan: AC, Ard.: R (mainly in the Semois valley). 

L Ard.: RR, Lorr. (Moselle): RR. F 


Lit.: Ertz: 34-35, La66: 203-205, Mü1: 140, NL77: 20; 

NL92: 169, NL97: 48, Diederich (1985a: 22). 

aquaticum (Weiss) Zahlbr., see D. luridum 

fluviatile (Weber) Th. Fr., see D. luridum 

(*)insulare (A. Massal.) Mig., see Verrucaria fuscula 

(*)monstrosum (Schaer.) Vain., see Placocarpus schaereri 

rivulorum (Arnold) Dalla Torre & Sarnth. This species was 

erroneously mentioned from B Ard. by Mü1: 140 and 

Müller (1962: 109), the corresponding specimens belonging 

to D. luridum (fide La66: 201). 

rufescens (Ach.) Th. Fr., see Placidium rufescens 

rufescens auct., non (Ach.) Th. Fr., see Placidium pilosellum 

and P. squamulosum 

trachyticum (Hazsl.) Vain., see Placopyrenium trachyticum 

trapeziforme auct., non (J. König) Trevis., see Placidium 

pilosellum and P. squamulosum 

weberi (Ach.) W. Mann, see D. luridum 

DIBAEIS Clem. 

baeomyces (L. f.) Rambold & Hertel 

Syn.: Baeomyces roseus Pers. 

On peaty or mineral soil, usually in recently disturbed 

places. 

B Camp.: RR (1922), Mosan: R, Ard.: AR-AC, 

Lorr.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: La66: 295-297, NL92: 169. 

‘DICTYOBLASTUS’ 

This is a spelling error of Ko: 226 for Dactyloblastus 

Trevis. 

DIDYMELLOPSIS (Sacc.) Clem. & Shear 

*pulposi (Zopf) Grube & Hafellner 

On Collema tenax. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RRR (


DIPLOLAEVIOPSIS Giralt & D. Hawksw. 

*ranula Giralt & D. Hawksw. 

On Lecanora cf. expallens and L. strobilina. 

B Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR (†


ENCHNOSPHAERIA Fuckel 

*peltigerae (Fuckel) Sacc., see Capronia peltigerae 

ENDOCARPON Hedw. 

adscendens (Anzi) Müll. Arg. 

Syn.: Endocarpon pallidum auct., non Ach. 

On soil over calcareous rocks in Xerobromion 

communities. 

B Mosan: RRR. L - . F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 184-186. 

pallidum Ach. 

On soil, mosses or calcareous rocks in Xerobromion 

communities. 

B Mosan: R. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 22. 

pusillum Hedw. 

On soil in Xerobromion communities, and over 

siliceous rocks in a stream, near water level. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: R. L Ard.: RRR. 

It is not entirely certain if the aquatic material 

(from L Ard.) is conspecific with the collections 

from Xerobromion communities. 

Lit.: Ertz: 35, La66: 182-184, NL87: 21, NL92: 153 (sub 

E. pallidum), Molitor & Diederich (1997: 72). 

miniatum (L.) Gaertn., see Dermatocarpon miniatum 

pallidum auct., non Ach., see E. adscendens 

ENDOCOCCUS Nyl. 

*brachysporus (Zopf) Brand & Diederich 

On the thallus of Porpidia species, especially P. 

glaucophaea and P. tuberculosa. 

B Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: L8. 

*exerrans Nyl. 

On the thallus of Rhizocarpon species, especially R. 

distinctum, R. geographicum subsp. lindsayanum, 

R. lecanorinum and R. viridiatrum. 

B Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8. 

*fusiger Th. Fr. & Almq. 

On the thallus of Rhizocarpon lavatum. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

*macrosporus (Arnold) Nyl. 

On the thallus of Rhizocarpon geographicum subsp. 

lindsayanum. 


Lit.: L8. 

*parietinarius (Linds.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

On Xanthoria calcicola. 


Lit.: L7: 86. 

*propinquus (Körb.) D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Tichothecium gemmiferum auct. 

On Porpidia species, especially P. tuberculosa. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L8, NL97: 48 (refers to an undescribed taxon), Sé: 

137 (refers to E. brachysporus). 

*protoblasteniae Diederich 

On the thallus of Protoblastenia rupestris over 

stones in a pasture. 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR (type locality). 

Lit.: L8. 

*rugulosus Nyl. 

On the thallus of Verrucaria species, especially V. 

macrostoma, V. nigrescens and V. viridula. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, 26, L8. 

*verrucisporus Alstrup (‘verrucuspora’) 

On Ionaspis lacustris. 


Lit.: L8. 

*sp. (see L8, under E. brachysporus) 

On the thallus of Porpidia macrocarpa and P. 

platycarpoides. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

This species is still undescribed. 

Lit.: L8. 

*stigma (Körb.) Stizenb., syn. Microthelia scabrida J. 

Lahm. Reported from B by DG: 15, but no material seen. 

Endopyrenium Flot. 

trapeziforme auct., see Placidium pilosellum and P. squamulosum


ENTEROGRAPHA Fée 

crassa (DC.) Fée 

On bark of deciduous trees in forests (e. g. Acer, 

Fraxinus, Quercus), or on isolated trees (e. g. 

Populus, Ulmus), also on Crataegus and Hedera, 

in L Lorr. always with E. hutchinsiae. 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RRR (†1896), Mosan: RR, 

Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. F Brab.: RR (1910). 

This species is common in forests of NW France, 

especially near the coast. 

Lit.: BDL1: 219-220, L3: 30-31, L8, NL84: 14. 

hutchinsiae (Leight.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: E. crassa auct. belgo-luxemb. p. p., non (DC.) 

Fée 

Corticolous, mainly on the smooth bark of Acer, 

Carpinus or Fagus, exceptionally on Quercus, in 

shaded and humid forests, also saxicolous, on 

underhangs of siliceous rocks in similar conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: R. L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 100-101, L3: 30-31, L6: 141, NL84: 14, NL92: 

153-154. 

zonata (Körb.) Källsten 

Syn.: Opegrapha zonata Körb., O. horistica 

(Leight.) Stein 

On deeply shaded, siliceous and sandstone rocks in 

humid conditions, also corticolous on smooth 

bark (Acer, Carpinus and Fagus) in similar conditions, 

and then often together with E. 

hutchinsiae. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AC. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. F Ard.: 

RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 182, NL84: 14, NL92: 170. 

crassa auct. belgo-luxemb. p. p., non (DC.) Fée, see E. 

hutchinsiae 

EOPYRENULA R. C. Harris 

grandicula Coppins 

On Corylus in shaded and humid forests. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

leucoplaca (Wallr.) R. C. Harris, syn. Pyrenula leucoplaca 

(Wallr.) Körb., P. farrea auct., non (Ach.) Branth & 

Rostr. Reported from B by DG: 15, but no material seen. 

The report in L6: 141 is a misidentification for E. 

grandicula (L8). 

EPHEBE Fr. 

lanata (L.) Vain. 

Syn.: E. pubescens auct. p. p. 

On inundated, siliceous rocks in rivers. 

B Ard.: RRR (1962). L Ard.: RRR (†

EPILICHEN Clem. 


(*)scabrosus (Ach.) Clem., syn. Buellia scabrosa (Ach.) A. 

Massal. Reported from L Lorr. on Baeomyces rufus by 

Ko: 253, but no relevant specimen has been examined. 

EVERNIA Ach. 

prunastri (L.) Ach. 

Syn.: E. arenaria auct., non (Retz.) Fr., Letharia 

arenaria auct., E. herinii P. A. Duvign., E. 

prunastri var. herinii (P. A. Duvign.) Maas 

Geest. 

Corticolous on roadside trees, in orchards, in 

forests, along rivers, exceptionally saxicolous, 

on siliceous and sandstone rocks or walls, or terricolous, 

in sand dunes. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Camp.: C, Brab.: C, Mosan: 

C, Ard.: CC, Lorr.: C. L Ard.: CC, Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 122-123, Ho: 128, La66: 446-447, La68: 

79, NL84: 14, Qu: 130, 133-134, WS: 34, 69, Massart 

(1910: Phot. 239), Ramaut & Lambinon (1962). 

arenaria auct., non (Retz.) Fr., see E. prunastri 

divaricata (L.) Ach. The report of this species from L Lorr. 

by Ko: 108 and Feltgen (1902: 168) is not supported by 

any herbarium material, and is therefore most doubtful. 

furfuracea (L.) W. Mann, see Pseudevernia furfuracea 

herinii P. A. Duvign., see E. prunastri 

olivetorina Zopf, see Pseudevernia furfuracea 

FELLHANERA Vězda 

bouteillei (Desm.) Vězda 

On leaves and twigs of Buxus, on needles and twigs 

of Picea, or on small branches of Calluna and 

Vaccinium, always in sheltered and humid 

conditions. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: R. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 144, Mü2: 195, NL84: 14, Sé: 143, van den 

Boom & Sérusiaux (1996: 21). 

subtilis (Vězda) Diederich & Sérus. 

Syn.: Bacidia subtilis Vězda 

Mainly on twigs and needles of Picea, also on 

small branches of Calluna and Vaccinium, on 

leaves of Buxus, and on the smooth bark of 

Alnus, Corylus and Salix, always in rather humid 

conditions. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. 

L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 101-102, Ho: 117, 130, L3: 27, NL84: 14, Sé: 

142, 143, van den Boom & Sérusiaux (1996: 22). 

viridisorediata Aptroot, Brand & Spier 

Corticolous on Populus and Salix. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RRR. L - . Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: NL97: 23, Aptroot et al. (1998). 

sp. (as ‘Fellhanera sp. 1’ in Diederich 1989) 

On bark of old Quercus trees in well-preserved, 

humid forests. 



Lit.: Di: 102-103. 

vezdae (Coppins & P. James) V. Wirth, see Fellhaneropsis 

vezdae 

FELLHANEROPSIS Sérus. & Coppins 

myrtillicola (Erichsen) Sérus. & Coppins 

Syn.: Bacidia gorgonea Vězda & Poelt 

On leaves and twigs of Buxus, on needles and twigs 

of Picea, and on branches of Calluna and 

Vaccinium, always in sheltered and humid 

conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: NL84: 14, Sérusiaux (1996: 207), van den Boom & 

Sérusiaux (1996: 22). 

vezdae (Coppins & P. James) Sérus. & Coppins 

Syn.: Bacidia vezdae Coppins & P. James, Fellhanera 

vezdae (Coppins & P. James) V. Wirth 

Mainly corticolous, often overgrowing mosses on 

the bark of Quercus, once on saxicolous mosses. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 55-56, L2: 92, NL84: 14, NL92: 168, NL97: 48. 

FELTGENIOMYCES Diederich 

*luxemburgensis Diederich 

On Lecidella conspurcatosorediosa. 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR (†


FLAVOPARMELIA Hale 

caperata (L.) Hale 

Syn.: Parmelia caperata (L.) Ach., Pseudoparmelia 


Corticolous, in forests (mainly on Quercus) and on 

roadside trees (e. g. Fraxinus and Tilia), rarely 

saxicolous, on mossy, siliceous rocks. 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: AR, Camp.: R, Brab.: AR, Mosan, 

Ard., Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ca: 136-137, Ho: 173, La66: 434-435, Qu: 100, 102, 

WS: 37, 75. 

soredians (Nyl.) Hale 

Syn.: Parmelia soredians Nyl. 

On Tilia along a road. 


Lit.: L8. 

FLAVOPUNCTELIA (Krog) Hale 

flaventior (Stirt.) Hale 

Syn.: Parmelia flaventior Stirt., P. andreana Müll. Arg. 

Corticolous, mostly found on Malus and Pyrus in 

orchards, also on Quercus, Tilia and Ulmus in 

parkland conditions. 

B Mar.: RRR, Brab.: R (E part only), Mosan: R. L 

Distr. unknown: RRR (†


The only known collection is scanty and has been 

referred to that species with doubt. Now extinct 

throughout the area of study. 

Lit.: L8, Sérusiaux (1984: 81). 

GASPARRINIA Tornab., nom. rej., see Caloplaca 

GEISLERIA Nitschke 

sychnogonoides Nitschke, see Strigula sychnogonoides 

GELATINOPSIS Rambold & Triebel 

*ericetorum (Körb.) Rambold & Triebel, syn. Nesolechia 

ericetorum Körb. The report from L by Ko: 264 is not 

sustained by any relevant material and is therefore most 

doubtful. 

GONGYLIA Körb. 

*nadvornikii Servít, see Sagediopsis barbara 

GRAPHINA Müll. Arg. 

anguina (Mont.) Müll. Arg. 

On Quercus. 

B - . L - . F Brab.: RR. 

Lit.: BDL1: 219. 

GRAPHIS Adans. 

elegans (Sm.) Ach. 

Corticolous on smooth bark (e. g. Acer, Fagus, 

Ilex) inside forests. 

B Fl.: RRR (†


GYROPHORA Ach., see Umbilicaria 

HAEMATOMMA A. Massal. 

ochroleucum (Neck.) J. R. Laundon 

On siliceous or sandstone rocks, usually in protected, 

dry and ± vertical surfaces; also corticolous 

on old Fagus and Quercus in wellpreserved 

forests, more rarely on Populus or 

Salix, in shaded or opened conditions. 

Two chemotypes are known from the study area: 

H. ochroleucum s. s., syn. H. coccineum (Dicks.) 

Körb., H. coccineum var. ochroleucum (Neck.) 

Th. Fr.: B Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

H. ochroleucum var. porphyrium (Pers.) J. R. 

Laundon, syn. H. porphyrium (Pers.) Zopf, H. 

coccineum var. porphyrium (Pers.) Th. Fr.: B 

Mar.: R, Fl: AR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: RRR, 

Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Di: 109-110, Ho: 131, La68: 77, NL84: 14, 

NL92: 170, Lambinon (1968b: 405). 

coccineum (Dicks.) Körb., see H. ochroleucum s. s. 

coccineum var. ochroleucum (Neck.) Th. Fr., see H. 

ochroleucum s. s. 

coccineum var. porphyrium (Pers.) Th. Fr., see H. ochroleucum 

var. porphyrium 

ochroleucum var. porphyrium (Pers.) J. R. Laundon, see under 

H. ochroleucum 

porphyrium (Pers.) Zopf, see H. ochroleucum var. porphyrium 

ventosum (L.) A. Massal., see Ophioparma ventosa 

HALECANIA M. Mayrhofer 

viridescens Coppins & P. James 

Corticolous, mainly on young trunks of Alnus, 

Fraxinus, Malus and Salix, in sheltered and 

humid conditions. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 110-111, L5: 21, NL84: 14, NL92: 170. 

HAWKSWORTHIANA U. Braun 

*peltigericola (D. Hawksw.) U. Braun 

Syn.: Ramularia peltigericola D. Hawksw. 

On Peltigera rufescens. 


Lit.: L4: 29. 

HEPPIA A. Massal. 

guepinii (Delise) Nyl., see Peltula euploca 

HETERODERMIA Trevis. 

speciosa (Wulfen) Trevis., syn. Physcia speciosa (Wulfen) 

Nyl. The ancient report of this species from L Ard. by 

Ko: 160 is not sustained by any herbarium material and is 

most doubtful. 

HOBSONIA Massee 

*christiansenii B. L. Brady & D. Hawksw. 

On corticolous lichens, mainly Physcia spp., often 

in nitrophilous conditions. 

B - . L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 241-242, LF0: 18. 

HOMOSTEGIA Fuckel 

*piggotii (Berk. & Broome) P. Karst. 

On Parmelia saxatilis. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L5: 21, NL97: 49. 

HUILIA Zahlbr., see Porpidia 

HYMENELIA Kremp. 

epulotica (Ach.) Lutzoni 

Syn.: H. prevostii (Duby) Kremp., Lecanora 

prevostii (Duby) Th. Fr. 

Saxicolous on ± sunny calcareous outcrops, in natural 

conditions. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 32, NL77: 20, NL84: 14, NL87: 21, NL97: 49. 

ceracea (Arnold) M. Choisy, see under Ionaspis 

lacustris (With.) M. Choisy, see Ionaspis lacustris 

prevostii (Duby) Kremp., see H. epulotica 

HYPERPHYSCIA Müll. Arg. 

adglutinata (Flörke) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

Syn.: Physcia adglutinata (Flörke) Nyl., P. elaeina 

auct., non (Wahlenb.) A. L. Sm.


Corticolous, on roadside trees (Gingko biloba, 

Salix, Tilia, Ulmus), rarely saxicolous, on limestone 

outcrops, on brick or sandstone walls, or 

on gravestones, in nitrophilous conditions. 

B Mar.: R, Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L 


Lit.: Ho: 132, 577, La66: 483, NL84: 14, NL97: 49, WS: 

51, 101, Barkman (1990: 14-15). 

HYPOCENOMYCE Choisy 

caradocensis (Nyl.) P. James & Gotth. Schneider 

Corticolous or lignicolous, mainly on Quercus, 

Pinus and Picea, usually in well-lit conditions. 

B Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 112, L4: 23, NL84: 14. 

scalaris (Ach.) Choisy 

Syn.: Lecidea scalaris (Ach.) Ach., Psora scalaris 

(Ach.) Hook., L. ostreata (Hoffm.) Schaer. 

On dry bark of Pinus, more rare on bark or lignum 

of Betula, Picea or Quercus, also known on 

Fagus, Prunus, Pyrus, etc., rarely saxicolous, on 

natural, siliceous and sandstone outcrops. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RRR, Camp.: AR, Brab.: RRR, 

Mosan, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Di: 113, DSL: 234, Ho: 134, 218, 578, NL84: 

14, Qu: 94, 96, Vanek (1976). 

HYPOGYMNIA (Nyl.) Nyl. 

farinacea Zopf 

Syn.: Hypogymnia bitteriana (Zahlbr.) Räsänen 

On roadside trees (Fraxinus) and in forests (on 

Fagus and Quercus). 

B Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: La66: 391-392, WS: 34-35, 70. 

physodes (L.) Nyl. 

Syn.: Parmelia physodes (L.) Ach. 

Corticolous on all kinds of trees, especially welldeveloped 

on acidified bark, incl. on Picea, also 

terricolous or saxicolous. 

B Mar.: AC, Fl.: AC, Camp.: AR, Brab.: C, Mosan: 

C, Ard.: CC, Lorr.: C. L Ard.: CC, Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Ca: 130-131, Ho: 135, La66: 382-387, Qu: 94, 97- 

98, WS: 35, 71. 

tubulosa (Schaer.) Hav. 

Syn.: Parmelia tubulosa (Schaer.) Bitter 

Corticolous on all kinds of trees, but exceptional on 

conifers, mostly in humid habitats. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: RR, Camp.: R, Brab.: AR, Mosan: 

AR, Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: C, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 132, Ho: 117, 137, 580, La66: 387-391, Qu: 98- 

99, WS: 35-36, 72, Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

bitteriana (Zahlbr.) Räsänen, see H. farinacea 

intestiniformis (Vill.) Räsänen, see Brodoa intestiniformis 

vittata (Ach.) Parrique, syn. Parmelia vittata (Ach.) Nyl. 

This species has not been correctly reported from the 

study area (fide La66: 380). 

HYPOTRACHYNA (Vain.) Hale 

revoluta (Flörke) Hale 

Syn.: Parmelia revoluta Flörke 

Corticolous, mainly on Acer, Fagus, Fraxinus and 

Quercus in forests, in non-polluted areas, rare on 

roadside trees and in orchards. 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: AR, Camp.: R, Brab.: AR, 

Mosan.: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ca: 142, Ho: 186, La66: 441, La69: 154, NL77: 22, 

NL84: 16, NL92: 170, NL93: 45, NL97: 49, Qu: 107, 

109, VGH: 114, WS: 41, 82, Barkman (1990: 13), 

Diederich (1985a: 23), Lambinon & Parmentier (1960). 

sinuosa (Sm.) Hale, syn. Parmelia sinuosa (Sm.) Ach. 


ICMADOPHILA Trevis. 

ericetorum (L.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: I. aeruginosa (Scop.) Trevis. 

On soil, peat, plant debris, dead mosses and rotten 

wood, usually over siliceous or sandstone rocks 

in shaded conditions or among Cladina and 

Cladonia patches. 

B Camp.: RRR (†1850), Brab.: RR (†


IMMERSARIA Rambold & Pietschm. 

athroocarpa (Ach.) Rambold & Pietschm. 

Syn.: Lecidea athroocarpa (Ach.) Ach., Porpidia 

athroocarpa (Ach.) Hertel & Rambold 

On exposed, natural outcrops of siliceous rocks. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L8, Mü2: 197. 

IMSHAUGIA S. L. F. Meyer 

aleurites (Ach.) S. L. F. Meyer 

Syn.: Parmeliopsis aleurites (Ach.) Nyl., Cetraria 

aleurites (Ach.) Th. Fr., P. pallescens (Hoffm.) 

Zahlbr. 

Corticolous, on Pinus sylvestris, exceptionally on 

Betula and Fagus. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: R. 

It is suspected that this species occurs almost only 

on native Pinus sylvestris trees and never on the 

widespread planted Pinus. 

Lit.: La66: 369-372, La68: 78, Mü1: 152, Mü2: 197, WS: 

44-45, 89, Diederich (1985a: 24), Diederich & 

Schwenninger (1990). 

IONASPIS Th. Fr. 

lacustris (With.) Lutzoni 

Syn.: Aspicilia lacustris (With.) Th. Fr., Hymenelia 

lacustris (With.) M. Choisy, Lecanora lacustris 

(With.) Nyl. 

On siliceous, at least periodically inundated rocks, 

often in streams. 

B Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 105, Mü1: 150, NL87: 20, NL92: 170. 

The closely related species Hymenelia ceracea (Arnold) M. 

Choisy may be present in the study area, but its taxonomic 

value remains to be studied (Lutzoni & Brodo 1995). 

JULELLA Fabre 

+fallaciosa (Arnold) R. C. Harris, syn. Polyblastia fallaciosa 

Arnold. This species was reported from L Lorr. on Betula 

by Ko: 304, but no specimen has been seen. 

KARSCHIA Körb. 

*talcophila (Flot.) Körb. 

Syn.: Poetschia talcophila (Flot.) Stein 

On Diploschistes scruposus. 

B - . L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: L1: 6. 

*saxatilis (Schaer.) Rehm, see Dactylospora saxatilis 

KILIASIA Hafellner 

*episema (Nyl.) Hafellner, see Toninia episema 

LAESTADIA Auersw. 

*solorinae Vain., see Epibryon solorinae 

LASALLIA Mérat 

pustulata (L.) Mérat 

Syn.: Umbilicaria pustulata (L.) Hoffm. 

On exposed, siliceous and sandstone rocks, exceptionally 

on the roots of Pinus, usually abundant 

but very sensitive to trampling. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR-AC. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. 

F Ard.: R. 

Lit.: La66: 354-357, NL77: 20, NL92: 170, Diederich 

(1986a: 119-120). 

LAUDERLINDSAYA J. C. David & D. Hawksw. 

acroglypta (Norman) R. Sant., see Normandina acroglypta 

borreri (Tul.) J. C. David & D. Hawksw., see Normandina 

pulchella 

chlorococca (Leight.) Diederich & Sérus., see Normandina 

acroglypta 

erichsenii (Keissl.) Diederich & Sérus., see Normandina 

acroglypta 

LAWALREEA Diederich 

*lecanorae Diederich 

On Lecanora persimilis (mainly in apothecia). 

B - . L Ard.: RRR (type locality), Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 242, LF1: 308-310. 

LECANACTIS Körb. 

abietina (Ach.) Körb. 

Corticolous, mainly on the dry and rough bark of 

old Quercus trees in well-preserved forests, 

rarely at the base of Picea in humid habitats. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R (locally common in the 

Anlier forest). L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 114, NL84: 14, NL97: 49.


latebrarum (Ach.) Arnold 

Syn.: Lepraria latebrarum (Ach.) Ach. 

Saxicolous, on siliceous or sandstone rocks in dry 

and sheltered crevices or underhangs, rarely epiphytic, 

on old Quercus or seldom on Fagus. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR (locally abundant in the 

Ourthe and Semois valleys). L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 114-115, L5: 22-23, NL84: 14. 

illecebrosa (Dufour) Fr., see Lecanographa amylacea 

lyncea (Sm.) Fr., see Lecanographa lyncea 

plocina auct., non (Ach.) A. Massal., see Cresponea 

premnea var. saxicola 

stenhammarii (Stenh.) Arnold, see Dirina stenhammarii 

LECANIA A. Massal. 

coeruleorubella (Mudd) M. Mayrhofer 

On the vertical surface of shaded walls, on mortar. 

B - . L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: van den Boom (1992: 234). 

cuprea (A. Massal.) van den Boom & Coppins 

Syn.: Bacidia cuprea (A. Massal.) Lettau 

In shaded niches of natural, calcareous or sandstone 

outcrops, rarely on mosses, also found on artificial 

substrates like brick. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, NL84: 14, NL92: 170, NL97: 49, van den 

Boom (1992: 234-238). 

cyrtella (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

Corticolous and lignicolous, on Acer, Carpinus, Malus, 

Populus, Sambucus, etc., in nitrophilous conditions. 

B Fl.: RR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR. L 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Ca: 108, Di: 115-116, DSL: 241, Ho: 138, 580 

(erroneous: the specimens in GENT correspond to 

Lecanora hagenii s. l.), Mü4: 109, NL84: 14, NL97: 49. 

cyrtellina (Nyl.) Sandst. 

Corticolous, on Acer campestre and at the base of a 

trunk of Carpinus, in forests. 

B Mosan: RR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: NL84: 14, van den Boom & Sérusiaux (1996: 22). 

erysibe (Ach.) Mudd 

On mortar and concrete, sometimes on bricks or 

other artificial substrates, also on sandstone rocks, 

always in ruderal and nitrophilous conditions. 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: RRR. L 


Lit.: NL84: 14, NL92: 170, NL93: 44, van den Boom 

(1992: 238-240), Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

globulosa (Flörke) van den Boom & Sérus. 

Syn.: Bacidia globulosa (Flörke) Hafellner & V. 

Wirth, Catillaria globulosa (Flörke) Th. Fr., 

Biatorina globulosa (Flörke) Körb. 

Corticolous, mainly on the rough bark of Quercus in 

forests, rarely on isolated trees (Fraxinus, Malus). 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 83, L3: 27-28, L8, NL84: 13. 

hutchinsiae (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

On natural, siliceous and sandstone outcrops, mostly 

in deeply shaded habitats. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: NL84: 14, van den Boom (1992: 240-242). 

inundata (Körb.) M. Mayrhofer 

On calcareous, natural outcrops, and in artificial 

habitats like on old walls or concrete. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: RR. F Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L5: 23, NL84: 14, NL92: 170, van den Boom (1992: 

242-244). 

naegelii (Hepp) Diederich & van den Boom 

Syn.: Bacidia naegelii (Hepp) Zahlbr., Bilimbia 

naegelii (Hepp) Anzi 

Corticolous, often on Fraxinus or Populus, in open 

and rather nitrophilous conditions. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 53-54, L3: 26, NL92: 154-155, NL97: 49. 

rabenhorstii (Hepp) Arnold 

On calcareous, naturals outcrops, also found on 

walls, concrete, etc. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: R, Camp.: RR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: 

AR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: L5: 23-24, NL84: 14, van den Boom (1992: 245-247). 

suavis (Müll. Arg.) Mig. 

On the vertical surface of a natural, calcareous outcrop, 

and on mortar on the wall of a church. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: NL92: 155, van den Boom (1992: 248). 

sylvestris (Arnold) Arnold 

On concrete. 


Lit.: van den Boom (1992: 248-250). 

turicensis (Hepp) Müll. Arg. 

On natural, calcareous and sandstone outcrops and 

on walls. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: NL84: 14, van den Boom (1992: 250-253).


dimera (Nyl.) Th. Fr., see L. dubitans 

dubitans (Nyl.) A. L. Sm., syn. L. dimera (Nyl.) Th. Fr. 

Reported from B by DG: 32 and from L by Ko: 201, but 

no material seen. 

fuscella (Schaer.) A. Massal., syn. L. syringea (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

This species was mentioned from B by DG: 32 and L 

Lorr. by Feltgen (1902: 178), but no relevant material has 

been seen by us. The recent record from B Mar. by Ho: 

138, 580 refers to Cliostomum griffithii (specimen in 

GENT checked !). 

syringea (Ach.) Th. Fr., see L. fuscella 

LECANOGRAPHA Egea & Torrente 

lyncea (Sm.) Egea & Torrente 

Syn.: Lecanactis lyncea (Sm.) Fr., Opegrapha lyncea 

(Sm.) Hook., incl. O. lyncea var. fuliginosa 

Turner & Borrer 

On the dry side of an old Quercus tree in a humid 

and well-preserved forest. 


Lit.: DG: 18, Di: 176-177, L4: 28. 

amylacea (Pers.) Egea & Torrente, syn. Lecanactis 

illecebrosa (Dufour) Fr. The ancient report of this species 

from L by Ko: 271 is most doubtful, as not sustained by 

any relevant specimen. 

LECANORA Ach. 

achariana A. L. Sm. 

On siliceous boulders in a river (splash zone). 

B - . L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: NL92: 155. 

agardhiana Ach. 

Syn.: L. agardhianoides A. Massal. 

On hard calcareous, natural outcrops. 


Lit.: DG: 32, L8. 

aitema (Ach.) Hepp 

On acid bark (especially Pinus, also Quercus), and 

on lignum, in forests or their edges, locally 

common on dead standing trees in bogs. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: R (AR in Haute Ard.). L 

Ard.: RRR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: NL84: 14. 

albella (Pers.) Ach. 

Syn.: Lecanora pallida (Schreb.) Rabenh. 

Corticolous, most frequent on Quercus, usually in 

forest. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 128-129, L5: 27-28, NL84: 15. 

albescens (Hoffm.) Branth & Rostr. 

Syn.: Placodium albescens (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

On concrete and mortar of walls, also on natural 

outcrops of siliceous rocks, calcareous sandstone 

and limestone, rarely lignicolous. 

B Mar., Fl., Camp., Brab.: AR-C, Mosan: CC, Ard.: 

AC, Lorr.: CC. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: CC. F Mosan: 

CC, Ard.: AC. 

Lit.: Mü1: 151, NL84: 14, NL92: 170, VGH: 114. 

allophana Nyl. 

Syn.: L. subfusca (L.) Ach., non auct., nom. rej. 

Corticolous, mainly on Fraxinus along roads. 

B Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: R (†1891). 

Perhaps overlooked. 

Lit.: Di: 119-120, L5: 24, L8, Mü1: 151 (from B Ard., 

specimen not seen), NL84: 14. 

argentata (Ach.) Malme 

Syn.: L. subfuscata H. Magn., L. subfusca auct., 

non (L.) Ach., incl. L. subrugosa Nyl. 

Corticolous, in forests (on Carpinus, Fagus, Quercus), 

and on isolated trees (Acer, Fraxinus, Populus). 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: RRR, Brab.: R, Mosan: AR, Ard.: 

AR, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

The specimens called L. subrugosa mainly occur on 

the bark of Quercus; following Lumbsch & 

Feige (1996: 261), they represent an extreme 

morphological variant of L. argentata caused by 

the substrate. 

Lit.: Di: 120, 136, Ho: 117, 155, 157, 590, NL84: 14, 15. 

barkmaniana Aptroot & van Herk (‘barkmaneana’) 

Corticolous, on Populus ×canadensis. 

B Fl.: RR. L - . Overlooked ? 

Lit.: L8. 

campestris (Schaer.) Hue 

On mortar of old walls, on stones, and on natural, 

sandstone and siliceous outcrops in exposed and 

sunny conditions. 

B Fl.: AR, Camp.: R, Brab.: R, Mosan: RR, Ard.: 

RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: La69: 104, Mü1: 151, NL84: 14, NL92: 170, VGH: 


carpinea (L.) Vain. 

Corticolous, mainly on smooth bark (e. g. on 

Carpinus), in forests, orchards and along roads. 

B Mar.: C, Fl.: C, Camp.: R, Brab.: AC, Mosan: R, 

Ard., Lorr.: AC. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AR.


Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 94, Di: 120-121, DSL: 238-239, Ho: 140, 

Mü1: 152, NL84: 14. 

chlarotera Nyl. 

Corticolous on roadside trees (Fraxinus, Populus 

and Tilia, also on Juglans, Malus and Pyrus), 

exceptionally in forests on Carpinus. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Camp.: C, Brab.: C, Mosan: 

AR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 96-97, Di: 121-122, Ho: 142, NL84: 14, 

Qu:85-86. 

compallens van Herk & Aptroot 

Corticolous, on old Sorbus domestica in a pasture, 

and on Tilia along road. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. Probably overlooked ? 

Lit.: L8, van Herk & Aptroot (1999: 546-548). 

conizaeoides Cromb. 

Syn.: L. pityrea Erichsen 

Very common on bark and lignum, toxitolerant, 

able to re-colonize trees between periodical 

invasions by Athelia arachnoidea, exceptionally 

saxicolous on sandstone rock. 

B Mar.: C, Fl.: CC, Camp.: CC, Brab.: CC, elsewhere: 

CC. L Ard.: CC, Lorr.: CC. F Mosan, 

Ard.: CC. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 98-99, Di: 122-124, DSL: 238, Ho: 146, 

Qu: 85, 87, Margot (1965). 

crenulata Hook., non auct. 

On hard calcareous, natural outcrops, rarely on tufa 

or sandstone rocks or on mortar. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR (locally common). L 

Lorr.: RR. 

We use this epithet here for a species with large 

apothecia and a thick apothecial margin, most 

common on natural outcrops of hard calcareous 

rocks, described in Poelt & Leuckert (1995: 313- 

316) and illustrated in Wirth (1995: 471). A more 

widespread taxon with smaller apothecia and a 

thinner apothecial margin, often growing in anthropogenic 

habitats (walls, gravestones) and described 

in Fröberg (1997: 31, as L. crenulata), is 

treated below as L. crenulata auct. The nomenclature 

of both taxa requires further studies. 


crenulata auct., non Hook. 

Saxicolous, on walls (sandstone, mortar, etc.) or 

gravestones, rarely on natural, calcareous rocks 

(marl rock: NL Brab.), exceptionally corticolous, 

on the base of an old Sorbus in a pasture. 

B Fl.: R, Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: 

RR, Lorr.: RR. NL Brab.: RR. 

Lit.: NL92: 155, VGH: 114, Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

dispersa (Pers.) Sommerf. 

On anthropogenic substrata (walls, mortar, concrete), 

but also on limestone, sandstone and siliceous 

rocks in natural conditions, rarely lignicolous or 

corticolous in nitrophilous habitats. 

B CC. L CC. F CC. 

Lit.: Ca: 101-102, Ho: 149, La69: 82, 104, Mü1: 151, 

NL87: 21, NL92: 170, Qu: 88-89, VGH: 114. 

epanora (Ach.) Ach. 

On siliceous rocks rich in heavy metals, mostly developed 

on dry underhangs, in natural and artificial 

(disused quarries) habitats. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . F Ard.: R. 

Lit.: L5: 24-25, NL77: 20, NL97: 49. 

expallens Ach. 

Syn.: L. conizaea (Ach.) Nyl. 

Very common on bark and lignum in forests and on 

isolated trees. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Camp.: C, Brab.: CC, elsewhere: 

CC. L Ard.: CC, Lorr.: CC. F Mosan, 

Ard.: CC. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 103-104, Di: 124-125, DSL: 237-238, 

Ho: 152, Qu: 88, 90-91. 

flotowiana Spreng. 

On exposed, calcareous, natural outcrops, also on 

concrete, asbestos and gravestones. 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR. L 

Lorr.: RRR. F Lorr.: RRR. Overlooked. 


gangaleoides Nyl. 

On natural, sandstone and siliceous outcrops, often 

on vertical surfaces. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 104, NL84: 15, NL92: 155. 

(*)gisleriana Müll. Arg. 

Syn.: L. gisleri Poelt & Ullrich 

On siliceous rocks rich in heavy metals, initially 

lichenicolous on Lecanora epanora, L. subaurea 

or rarely L. soralifera, later forming an independent 

thallus. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L5: 25, NL97: 50. 

hagenii (Ach.) Ach. 

Corticolous on slightly nitrophilous bark of deciduous 

trees, or lignicolous, perhaps also occasionally 

saxicolous on siliceous rocks in nitrophilous 

communities. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: AR, Brab.: AR, Mosan: AR, 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR L Lorr.: AR.


The distinction of this species from L. dispersa and 

L. umbrina is still poorly understood, and some 

records might be misidentifications. 

Lit.: Di: 125-126, DSL: 240, Ho: 117, 151, Mü1: 152, 

NL84: 15. 

handelii J. Steiner 

On siliceous rocks rich in heavy metals, mainly 

found on slate rubbles in disused quarries and on 

railway or road cuttings. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 25, NL77: 20, NL97: 50. 

horiza (Ach.) Linds. 

Syn.: L. parisiensis Nyl. 

Corticolous, on Fraxinus, Sorbus and Ulmus, mainly 

on roadside trees. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 33, L7: 86, NL84: 15. 

hybocarpa (Tuck.) Brodo 

Corticolous, on old Fraxinus along road. 


Lit.: L8, NL84: 15. 

intricata (Ach.) Ach. 

On siliceous rocks, usually in rather exposed conditions, 

either in natural or artificial (slate debris 

in disused quarries) conditions. 

B Ard.: R. L - . 

Lit.: Mü1: 152, NL77: 20, Sé: 138. 

intumescens (Rebent.) Rabenh. 

Corticolous, mainly on Fagus and Quercus in forest, 

rarely on Juglans in more open situations. 

B Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. D Ard.: 

RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 126, L5: 25-26, Mü1: 151. 

muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh. 

Syn.: L. muralis var. versicolor (Pers.) Tuck., 

Placodium saxicolum (Pollich) Körb. 

Saxicolous, on calcareous, natural outcrops in nitrophilous 

conditions, but most common on walls, roofs 

and concrete, rarely on lignum or at the base of trees 

covered by dust, incl. in highly polluted areas. 

B CC. L CC. F CC. 

Lit.: Ca: 105, Di: 127-128, Ho: 154, Qu: 91-92, VGH: 

114, Sansen & Deronde (1990). 

orosthea (Ach.) Ach. 

Syn.: Lecidea orosthea (Ach.) Ach. 

On dry, vertical overhangs of natural, siliceous outcrops, 

never found on artificial substrates. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR-AC. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 102, Mü4: 109, NL77: 21, NL84: 15, NL92: 155. 

persimilis (Th. Fr.) Nyl. 

Corticolous on roadside trees (Fraxinus, Populus, 

Salix, Tilia), also in forests on Quercus, most 

common in nitrophilous conditions. 

B - , most probably overlooked. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: AC-AR. 

Lit.: Di: 129-130. 

piniperda Körb. 

Corticolous on Salix, and lignicolous on Picea, 

Populus tremula and Sarothamnus. 


Lit.: Di: 130-131, NL92: 170. 

polytropa (Hoffm.) Rabenh. 

Saxicolous on siliceous rocks, usually in exposed 

conditions, on natural outcrops or in artificial 

habitats, incl. walls, debris in disused quarries, 

railway ballast, etc. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 152, NL77: 21, NL92: 170, Zwaenepoel et al. 

(1994: 37). 

pruinosa Chaub. 

Syn.: L. pruinifera Nyl. 

On vertical surfaces of natural, calcareous outcrops 

in exposed conditions. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR. L - . 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, L5: 28, La69: 105, NL77: 21, NL84: 15, 

NL97: 50. 

pulicaris (Pers.) Ach. 

Syn.: L. chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., L. coilocarpa (Ach.) 

Nyl. 

Corticolous, mainly on the smooth bark of Alnus, 

Fagus and Tilia, exceptionally on Fraxinus and 

Quercus, mostly found on branches inside forests. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: 

AR. 

Lit.: Di: 131, La69: 104, Mü1: 151, NL84: 15. 

rugosella Zahlbr. 

Corticolous, mainly on roadside trees (Acer, 

Fraxinus, Populus, Tilia, etc.). 

B - , most probably overlooked. L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 131-132. 

rupicola (L.) Zahlbr. subsp. rupicola 

Syn.: L. sordida (Pers.) Th. Fr. 

Saxicolous, on subvertical, siliceous, natural outcrops, 

rarely on exposed brick walls. 

B Camp.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: 

RR, Lorr.: RRR. F Mosan: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 104, Mü1: 151, NL92: 170, Sé: 138.


rupicola subsp. subplanata (Nyl.) Leuckert & Poelt 

Syn.: L. subplanata Nyl. 

On siliceous, natural outcrops, mainly on vertical 

surfaces. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: Sé: 138. 

saligna (Schrad.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: L. saligna var. sarcopis (Ach.) Hillmann, L. 

sarcopis (Ach.) Ach., L. effusa (Hoffm.) Ach. 

Corticolous and lignicolous, most common on 

Quercus, usually in open situations. 

B Mar.: RRR, Camp.: RR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 133-134, Mü1: 152, NL84: 15. 

sambuci (Pers.) Nyl. 

On the bark of a very old Populus along a road. 


Lit.: Di: 134-135, Mü4: 109 (material to be checked). 

silvae-nigrae V. Wirth 

On siliceous, natural outcrops and scree-covered 

slope underneath, not found on artificial habitats 

nearby (e. g. slate pebbles in disused quarries). 

B Ard.: RRR (but abundant in its single locality). L - . 

Lit.: Sé: 142. 

soralifera (Suza) Räsänen 

Saxicolous on siliceous rocks, usually in exposed 

conditions, in natural habitats, most common on 

slate debris in disused quarries near Vielsalm. 

B Ard.: R. L - . 

Lit.: NL77: 21, Sé: 138. 

strobilina (Spreng.) Kieff. 

Formerly on bark of Pinus, recently twice on old 

Fagus along roads. 

B Fl.: RRR (†


atrynea (Ach.) Nyl., see L. cenisia 

badia (Hoffm.) Ach., see Protoparmelia badia 

brunnea auct. belg., non (Sw.) Ach., see Moelleropsis nebulosa 

cadubriae (A. Massal.) Hedl., syn. Lecidea cadubriae (A. 

Massal.) Nyl. Reported from B by DG: 24, but no material 

seen. 

caesioalbicans Zahlbr. Reported from B by DG: 32, but no 

material seen. A name of uncertain application. 

caesiocinerea Malbr., see Aspicilia caesiocinerea 

calcarea (L.) Sommerf., see Aspicilia calcarea 

cenisia Ach., syn. L. atrynea (Ach.) Nyl. This species was 

reported from B Mosan by DG: 33 and NL84: 14, but so 

far no correctly identified specimen has been seen. 

chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., see L. pulicaris 

cinerea (L.) Sommerf., see Aspicilia cinerea 

coarctata (Sm.) Ach., see Trapelia coarctata 

coilocarpa (Ach.) Nyl., see L. pulicaris 

conferta auct., non (Duby) Grognot, see L. xanthostoma 

conizaea (Ach.) Nyl., see L. expallens 

crassa (Huds.) Ach., see Squamarina cartilaginea 

cupreogrisea Th. Fr., see Aspicilia cupreogrisea 

demissa (Körb.) Zahlbr., see Caloplaca demissa 

deusta (Stenh.) Nyl., see Miriquidica deusta 

distans (Ach.) Nyl., see L. populicola 

endoleuca Hue, see under Aspicilia 

effusa (Hoffm.) Ach., see L. saligna 

flandrica B. de Lesd. Described from F Mar. by Bouly de 

Lesdain (1960), but no material has been seen. 

fragilis (Scop.) Zahlbr., see Squamarina gypsacea 

gelida auct. belg., non (L.) Ach., see Placopsis lambii 

gibbosula H. Magn., see Aspicilia gibbosa 

(*)gisleri Poelt & Ullrich, see L. gisleriana 

glabrata (Ach.) Malme, syn. L. subfuscata f. glabrata 

(Ach.) Poelt, L. allophana var. glabrata (Ach.) Steiner. 


grumosa (Pers.) Du Rietz, see Tephromela grumosa 

hypoptoides (Nyl.) Nyl. This species was reported from B 

Ard. by Mü1: 152 (‘det. H. Magnusson’), but no specimen 

has been seen by us. 

intrudens H. Magn., see Miriquidica intrudens 

lacustris (With.) Nyl., see Ionaspis lacustris 

laevata (Ach.) Nyl., see Aspicilia laevata 

laevis Poelt. This species, which is very close to L. horiza, 

was mentioned from B Brab. by Arts & Hoffmann (1995) 

and from B Mosan by Barkman (1958) (see also 

Lambinon 1959) and Lambinon (1963: 244), but no correctly 

identified specimen has been examined by us. 

lentigera (Weber) Ach., see Squamarina lentigera 

leptyrodes (Nyl.) Degel. The material published under this 

name from the study area belongs to L. subcarpinea Szatala. 

lusca Nyl. Reported from B by DG: 32, but no material 


marginata (Schaer.) Hertel & Rambold, syn. Lecidea 

marginata Schaer. Reported from B by DG: 24, but no 


menyhartii Steiner. This species was reported from B Ard. 

by Mü3: 45 (as L. cf. m., ‘det. Magn.’), but no material 

has been seen by us. A name of uncertain application. 

mutabilis (Ach.) Nyl., see Megaspora verrucosa 

nemoralis auct., non Makar., see L. subcarpinea 

nephaea Sommerf., see Protoparmelia nephaea 

nitens (Pers.) Ach., see under Protoparmelia 

pallida (Schreb.) Rabenh., see L. albella 

pannonica Szatala. Reported from B Camp. (NL93: 44), but 

no relevant specimen seen. 

parisiensis Nyl., see L. horiza 

pityrea Erichsen, see L. conizaeoides 

populicola (DC.) Duby, syn. L. distans (Ach.) Nyl. Reported 

from B by DG: 33, but no material seen. 

prevostii (Duby) Th. Fr., see Hymenelia epulotica 

pruinifera Nyl., see L. pruinosa 

radiosa (Hoffm.) Schaer., see Lobothallia radiosa 

saepincola (Ach.) Arnold, see L. symmicta 

sarcopis (Ach.) Ach., see L. saligna 

sordida (Pers.) Th. Fr., see L. rupicola subsp. rupicola 

subcircinata Nyl., see Lobothallia radiosa 

subdepressa Nyl., see Aspicilia subdepressa 

subfusca (L.) Ach., non auct., nom. rej., see L. allophana 

subfusca auct., non (L.) Ach., see L. argentata 

subfuscata H. Magn., see L. argentata 

subfuscata f. glabrata (Ach.) Poelt, see L. glabrata 

subplanata Nyl., see L. rupicola subsp. subplanata 

subradiosa auct., non Nyl., see L. swartzii 

subrugosa Nyl., see L. argentata 

symmictera Nyl., see L. symmicta


tongletii Hue (‘tongleti’), see Acarospora tongletii 

xanthostoma Cl. Roux, syn. L. conferta auct., non (Duby) 

Grognot. Reported from B Ard. by Giralt & van den Boom 

(1996: 81) and from B Fl. by Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37), 

but no correctly identified specimen has been seen. 

LECIDEA Ach. 

cyrtidia Tuck. 

On well-lit, siliceous rocks in a rather open Quercus 

wood. 


This species belongs to a still undescribed genus, 

together with L. plebeja Nyl. 

Lit.: L8. 

fuliginosa Taylor 

On exposed, siliceous rocks, especially along fissures, 



This species does not belong to Lecidea s. s., but its 

exact generic position requires further studies. 

Lit.: L7: 86. 

fuscoatra (L.) Ach. 

Syn.: L. fumosa (Hoffm.) Ach., incl. L. fuscoatra 

var. grisella (Flörke) Nyl., L. grisella Flörke 

On siliceous, or rarely sandstone rocks, often in exposed 

conditions, in natural or artificial (especially 

in disused quarries) habitats. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AC, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 102, Mü1: 143, NL84: 15, NL87: 21, NL92: 

171, Vanek (1976). 

lapicida (Ach.) Ach. var. pantherina Ach. 

Syn.: L. pantherina (Ach.) Th. Fr., L. lapicida var. 

lactea (Schaer.) V. Wirth 

On exposed, siliceous rocks, in natural habitats. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: La69: 102, Mü1: 144, Sé: 138. 

lithophila (Ach.) Ach. 

On siliceous rocks, usually in exposed conditions, in 

natural or artificial habitats, especially common 

on slate debris in disused quarries near Vielsalm. 

B Ard.: AR. L - . 

Lit.: Mü1: 143, NL77: 21, Sé: 138. 

nylanderi (Anzi) Th. Fr. 

On Tilia along road within a forest. 

B Ard.: RRR. L - . Most probably overlooked. 



Lit.: L8. 

plana (J. Lahm) Nyl. 

Syn.: L. latypea Ach., incl. var. aequata (Flörke) 

Arnold 

On siliceous rocks, in rather exposed conditions, in 

natural or artificial (slate debris in disused quarries) 

habitats. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

pycnocarpa (Körb.) Ohlert 

On exposed, siliceous outcrops, mostly in slightly 

protected conditions. 




Lit.: NL92: 156. 

aeneofusca (Flot.) Flörke, see Trapeliopsis aeneofusca 

aeruginosa Borrer, see Trapeliopsis flexuosa 

albocaerulescens auct., non (Wulfen) Ach., see Porpidia 

albocaerulescens 

atrata (Ach.) Wahlenb., see Tremolecia atrata 

atrofusca (Hepp) Mudd, see Mycobilimbia hypnorum 

cadubriae (A. Massal.) Nyl., see Lecanora cadubriae 

caesioalbescens (H. Magn.) Vain. Reported from B Ard. by 

Remy (1979), but no material seen. 

cinereoatra Ach., see Porpidia cinereoatra 

coarctata (Sm.) Nyl., see Trapelia coarctata 

contigua auct., non Fr., see Porpidia macrocarpa 

crustulata (Ach.) Spreng., see Porpidia crustulata 

cyathoides (Ach.) Ach., see Fuscidea cyathoides var. cyathoides 

cyclisca (A. Massal.) Malbr., see Clauzadea cyclisca 

decipiens (Hedw.) Ach., see Psora decipiens 

deusta (Stenh.) Nyl., see Miriquidica deusta 

dicksonii auct., non (J. F. Gmel.) Ach., see Tremolecia atra 

elaeochroma (Ach.) Ach., see Lecidella elaeochroma f. 

elaeochroma 

entochrysoides Hue, see Placolecis opaca 

epizanthoidiza auct. belg., non Nyl., see Biatora chrysantha 

erratica Körb., see Micarea erratica 

erythrophaea Sommerf., syn. Biatora erythrophaea (Sommerf.) 

Fr. Reported from L Lorr. by Ko: 247, but no 

relevant specimen has been seen. 

fumosa (Hoffm.) Ach., see L. fuscoatra 

furvella Mudd, see Rimularia furvella 

fuscorubens (Nyl.) Nyl., see Clauzadea monticola


geophana Nyl., see Steinia geophana 

glomerulosa (DC.) Steud., see Lecidella elaeochroma f. 

elaeochroma 

granulosa (Hoffm.) Ach., see Trapeliopsis granulosa 

grisella Flörke, see L. fuscoatra 

griseoatra (Flot.) Schaer., see Miriquidica griseoatra 

harmandii B. de Lesd. Reported from B by DG: 24, but no 


hydrophila Fr., see Porpidia hydrophila 

hypnorum Lib., see Mycobilimbia hypnorum 

hypnorum auct. p. p., non Lib., see Lecidea sanguineoatra 


lapicida (Ach.) Ach. var. lapicida. Reported from B by DG: 

24 and from L Lorr. by Ko: 260-261 (as Lecidella 

lapicida), but no material seen. 

latypea Ach., see L. plana 

latypiza Nyl., see Lecidella carpathica 

leptocline Flot. f. tongletii Hue, see under Buellia 

limitata auct., non Scop., see Lecidella elaeochroma f. 

elaeochroma 

lucida (Ach.) Ach., see Psilolechia lucida 

lurida (Ach.) DC., see Psora lurida 

macrocarpa (DC.) Steud., see Porpidia macrocarpa 

marginata Schaer., see Lecanora marginata 

meiospora (Nyl.) Nyl. Reported from B by DG: 24, but no 


misella (Nyl.) Nyl., see Micarea misella 

monticola Schaer., see Clauzadea monticola 

nigrocruenta Anzi, see Porpidia nigrocruenta 

oligotropha J. R. Laundon, see Placynthiella oligotropha 

olivacea (Hoffm.) A. Massal., see Lecidella elaeochroma f. 

elaeochroma 

orosthea (Ach.) Ach., see Lecanora orosthea 

ostreata (Hoffm.) Schaer., see Hypocenomyce scalaris 

pantherina (Ach.) Th. Fr., see L. lapicida var. pantherina 

parasema auct., non (Ach.) Ach., see Lecidella elaeochroma 

f. elaeochroma 

patavina A. Massal., see Lecidella patavina 

rivulosa Ach., see Fuscidea cyathoides var. cyathoides 

sanguineoatra auct., non (Wulfen) Ach., see under Mycobilimbia 

sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr., see Trapeliopsis flexuosa 

scalaris (Ach.) Ach., see Hypocenomyce scalaris 

‘scibba’. This epithet, published by Arts & Hoffmann 

(1995) for a species collected in B Brab., most probably 

represents a misspelling for ‘Lecidea scabra’, a synonym 

of Lecidella scabra. 

silacea (Ach.) Ach. Reported from L by Ko: 260 (as 

Lecidella silacea), but no specimen seen. 

sorediza Nyl., see Porpidia tuberculosa 

soredizodes (Nyl.) J. R. Laundon, see Porpidia soredizodes 

(Nyl.) Sandst. 

spadana B. de Lesd. Reported from B (type locality) by 

BDL3: 29-30, but no material seen. A name of uncertain 

application. 

speirea (Ach.) Ach., see Porpidia speirea 

stigmatea Ach., see Lecidella stigmatea 

sylvicola Flot., see Micarea sylvicola 

templetonii Taylor, see Mycobilimbia hypnorum 

tenebricans (Nyl.) Nyl. Reported from B Ard. by Mü3: 45, 

but no specimen has been seen by us. A name of uncertain 

application. 

tenebrosa Flot., see Schaereria fuscocinerea 

testacea (Hoffm.) Ach., see Psora testacea 

tumida A. Massal., see Porpidia tuberculosa 

turgidula Fr. Reported from L by Ko: 263 (as Lecidella 

turgidula), but no specimen seen. 

uliginosa (Schrad.) Ach., see Placynthiella uliginosa 

viridescens (Schrad.) Ach., see Trapeliopsis viridescens 

*vitellinaria Nyl., see Carbonea vitellinaria 

vulgata Zahlbr., see Lecidella stigmatea 

LECIDELLA Körb. 

anomaloides (A. Massal.) Hertel & H. Kilias 

On siliceous rocks by a river. 

B Ard.: RRR (Semois valley). L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

carpathica Körb. 

Syn.: Lecidea latypiza Nyl. 

On exposed, and sometimes nitrophilous, slightly 

calcareous rocks, found in natural, and rarely in 

artificial habitats. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR, 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: R. F Mosan: RR. 

Lit.: DG: 24, NL97: 50.


conspurcatosorediosa (Harm.) Diederich 

Corticolous, mainly on Fagus, also on Acer, 

Carpinus and Quercus, only in the industrialized 

SW of Luxembourg, on dust-impregnated bark. 

B - . L Lorr.: R. 

The nomenclature and taxonomy of this species 

require clarification. It possibly represents corticolous 

populations of L. scabra. 

Lit.: Di: 141-143. 

elaeochroma (Ach.) Choisy 

Syn.: Lecidea elaeochroma (Ach.) Ach., L. glomerulosa 

(DC.) Steud., L. olivacea (Hoffm.) A. 

Massal., L. parasema auct., non (Ach.) Ach., L. 

limitata auct., non Scop., incl. Lecidella achristotera 

(Nyl.) Hertel & Leuckert, L. euphorea 

(Flörke) Hertel 

Corticolous, very common, mainly on smooth bark 

(e. g. of Carpinus), never on conifers, toxitolerant. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Camp.: R, Brab.: AR, Mosan, 

Ard., Lorr.: C. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: C. 

The taxonomic value of the sorediate thalli, sometimes 

recognized as f. soralifera (Erichsen) D. 

Hawksw., requires further studies. This forma is 

known from B Mar.: AR, Fl.: R, Mosan: RRR. L 

Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. F Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Ca: 107, Di: 144-146, Ho: 157, 160, 592, L1: 

7, L5: 28-29, NL84: 15, NL92: 171. 

flavosorediata (Vězda) Hertel & Leuckert 

Corticolous on roadside or isolated trees (Acer, 

Fraxinus, Populus, Sorbus domestica) in rather 

eutrophic conditions, or on Fagus in forest in 

acidic conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR (1968), Ard.: R. L Lorr.: R. Probably 

overlooked. 

Lit.: L2: 94, Tholl et al. (1999). 

laureri (Hepp) Körb. 

Corticolous on Populus. 


Lit.: Di: 146-147, L5: 29. 

scabra (Taylor) Hertel & Leuckert 

On siliceous or slightly calcareous rocks, in natural 

and artificial habitats. 

B Fl.: RR, Camp.: R, Brab.: R, Mosan: R, Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: NL92: 156, NL93: 44, NL97: 50, Knoph et al. 

(1997: 39), Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

stigmatea (Ach.) Hertel & Leuckert 

Syn.: Lecidea stigmatea Ach., L. vulgata Zahlbr. 

On sandstone and calcareous rocks, in natural and 

artificial (walls, mortar, etc.) conditions. 

B Fl.: AC, Camp.: AC, Brab.: R, Mosan: AR, Ard.: 

RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: NL92: 157, NL93: 44, NL97: 50, VGH: 114. 

viridans (Flot.) Körb. 

On exposed, siliceous rocks in natural conditions. 


Lit.: L8. 

achristotera (Nyl.) Hertel & Leuckert, see Lecidella elaeochroma 

f. elaeochroma 

aglaea (Sommerf.) Körb., see Tephromela aglaea 

euphorea (Flörke) Hertel, see Lecidella elaeochroma f. elaeochroma 

fuscorubens (Nyl.) Stein, see Clauzadea monticola 

immersa (Hoffm.) Körb., see Clauzadea immersa 

patavina (A. Massal.) Knoph & Leuckert, syn. Lecidea 

patavina A. Massal. Reported from B Ard. by Mü3: 45 

[as Lecidea p. var. aequata (Flörke) H. Magn., det. 

Magnusson], but no specimen has been examined. 

pilularis (Körb.) Stein, see Biatora sphaeroides under Mycobilimbia 

sabuletorum (Schreb.) Körb., see Mycobilimbia sabuletorum 

*vitellinaria (Nyl.) Kremp., see Carbonea vitellinaria 

LECIDOMA Gotth. Schneid. & Hertel 

demissum (Rutstr.) Gotth. Schneid. & Hertel, syn. Psora 

demissa (Rutstr.) Almq. Reported from L Lorr. by Ko: 

229, but no specimen has been seen. 

LECIOGRAPHA A. Massal. 

*monspeliensis (Nyl.) Müll. Arg., see Opegrapha parasitica 

*zwackhii Zwackh, see Opegrapha zwackhii 

LECOTHECIUM Trevis. 

corallinoides (Hoffm.) Körb., see Placynthium nigrum 

LEMMOPSIS (Vain.) Zahlbr. 

arnoldiana (Hepp) Zahlbr. 

Saxicolous, on sandstone and mortar close to a spring, 

in shaded and sheltered conditions (in forest). 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR. Perhaps overlooked. 

Lit.: L7: 86.


LEMPHOLEMMA Körb. 

The genus is seldom collected and several collections 

still await identification. Further species are expected 

to occur in the study area. 

polyanthes (Bernh.) Malme 

Syn.: L. chalazanellum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., L. chalazanodes 

(Nyl.) Zahlbr., Physma compactum (Wallr.) 

A. Massal., ?L. fasciculare (Wulfen) Zahlbr., L. 

myriococcum (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

Vertical, mossy surface of wall and of calcareous 

rocks. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 20, NL92: 157. 

chalazanellum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., see L. polyanthes 

chalazanodes (Nyl.) Zahlbr., see L. polyanthes 

chalazanum (Ach.) B. de Lesd. Reported from B by DG: 20 

and NL87: 21, but no relevant specimen has been seen. 

fasciculare (Wulfen) Zahlbr., see L. polyanthes 

myriococcum (Ach.) Th. Fr., see L. polyanthes 

LENORMANDIA Delise, nom. rej. 

jungermanniae Delise, see Normandina pulchella 

LEPRA Willd. 

rubens (Reichard) Willd., see Lepraria rubens 

LEPRARIA Ach. 

The genus is poorly known and requires meticulous 

collections and systematic TLC analysis. The 

treatment presented here is therefore provisional. 

borealis Lohtander & Tønsberg 

On siliceous rocks, mainly in fissures or overgrowing 

mosses, in natural or artificial habitats. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 23. 

caesioalba (B. de Lesd.) J. R. Laundon 

On siliceous, rarely sandstone rocks, also on walls, 

often growing over mosses in well-lit and 

exposed conditions. 

B Ard.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: NL84: 15, NL92: 171. 

crassissima (Hue) Lettau 

Saxicolous, very frequent on sandstone rocks 

(especially inside forests), sometimes on walls 

(incl. in cities), also on other calcareous or on 

siliceous rocks, in humid forests rarely on the 

bark of old Fagus or Quercus trees. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: R (locally common in the 

Semois valley). L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: AR. F 

Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 150, Ertz: 19, NL84: 15, NL92: 157-158, NL97: 50. 

eburnea J. R. Laundon 

Over saxicolous mosses on siliceous rocks or walls, 

only found in artificial habitats. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. Overlooked. 

Lit.: L7: 87. 

elobata Tønsberg 

Corticolous, on Carpinus, Fagus and Salix, mainly 

at forest edges. 

B Mosan: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L7: 87. 

flavescens Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

Saxicolous, on overhang and vertical surface of an 

exposed calcareous outcrop (tufa). 

B Lorr.: RRR. L - . Overlooked ? 

Lit.: L8. 

incana (L.) Ach. 

Syn.: L. glaucella (Flörke) Nyl. 

Corticolous, on all kind of barks, toxitolerant, or 

saxicolous, on calcareous or siliceous rocks, 

rarely terricolous. 

B Mar.: C, Fl.: C, elsewhere: C-CC. L Ard.: CC, 

Lorr.: CC. 

This epithet has been used for almost any Lepraria 

with small, bluish soredia; parts of the saxicolous 

populations may represent L. borealis. 

Lit.: Ca: 109-110, Di: 150-152, Ho: 162, NL84: 15, Qu: 

91, 93-94. 

jackii Tønsberg 

On a sandstone rock inside a well-preserved forest. 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR. Most probably overlooked. 

Lit.: L7: 87. 

lobificans Nyl. 

Corticolous, most common over mosses on 

Quercus in humid forests, also on mosses 

growing on sheltered, calcareous or sandstone 

outcrops, or on walls. 

B Fl., Camp.: AR, Brab.: R, Mosan: AR, Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: C.


Lit.: Di: 152, Ertz: 19, NL84: 15, NL93: 45, NL97: 50, 


(1994: 37). 

nivalis J. R. Laundon 

On sheltered, calcareous outcrops, incl. on Hedera 

‘trunks’ climbing over them. 

B Mosan: RR, most probably overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: Ertz: 19, NL97: 24. 

nylanderiana Kümmerl. & Leuckert 

On vertical and sheltered, siliceous, natural outcrops, 

mainly overgrowing mosses. 


Lit.: L7: 87. 

rigidula (B. de Lesd.) Tønsberg 

Corticolous, on all kinds of trees, in rather open 

conditions (incl. isolated trees and orchards), 

also abundant on rather dry underhangs of siliceous 

rocks. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 152-153, NL84: 15, NL97: 50, Kümmerling et 

al. (1995). 

umbricola Tønsberg 

Corticolous, on Quercus in forest, or saxicolous, on 

sandstone outcrop. 


Lit.: L8. 

alba Ach., nom. superfl., see L. lactea 

candelaris (L.) Fr., see Chrysothrix candelaris 

glaucella (Flörke) Nyl., see L. incana 

lactea (L.) Hue, syn. L. alba Ach., nom. superfl. A name of 

uncertain application, reported from B by DG: 40. 

latebrarum (Ach.) Ach., see Lecanactis latebrarum 

lesdainii (Hue) R. C. Harris, see Botryolepraria lesdainii 

membranacea (Dicks.) Vain., see Leproloma membranaceum 

neglecta (Nyl.) Lettau. Reported from B by Sé: 138 [as 

‘auct., non (Nyl.) Lettau’] and by Lambinon (1963: 231), 

but no correctly identified material has been seen. 

rubens (Reichard) Ach, syn. Lepra rubens (Reichard) Willd. A 

name of uncertain application, reported from B by DG: 40. 

LEPROCAULON Nyl. 

microscopicum (Vill.) D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: L. quisquiliare (Leers) M. Choisy, Stereocaulon 

quisquiliare (Leers) Hoffm. 

On crevices of siliceous or slightly calcareous, 

natural outcrops, always in well-lit but rather 

sheltered conditions, also on railway or road 

cuttings of such outcrops. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: AR. F Mosan: 

RR, Ard.: R. 

Lit.: La66: 308- 312, Diederich (1985a: 22). 

quisquiliare (Leers) M. Choisy, see L. microscopicum 

LEPROLOMA Cromb. 

membranaceum (Dicks.) Vain. 

Syn.: Lepraria membranacea (Dicks.) Vain., Crocynia 

membranacea (Dicks.) Zahlbr., Amphiloma 

lanuginosum (Ach.) Nyl. 

On siliceous, natural outcrops, in well-lit conditions, 

also found on railway or road cuttings of such 

outcrops, rarely on sandstone rocks or on trees 

(especially on Fagus). 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AC. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. F 

Ard.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 153-154, Mü5: 25, NL84: 15, Laundon (1989: 13). 

vouauxii (Hue) J. R. Laundon 

Corticolous, on Acer, Malus, Populus, Quercus, 

etc., in well-lit conditions, and saxicolous, on 

calcareous rocks or walls. 

B Camp.: R, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR. Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Di: 154, NL92: 171, NL93: 45, Laundon (1989: 16). 

LEPROPLACA (Nyl.) Hue 

chrysodeta (Räsänen) J. R. Laundon, see Caloplaca chrysodeta 

xantholyta (Nyl.) Harm., see Caloplaca xantholyta 

LEPTOGIUM (Ach.) Gray 

biatorinum (Nyl.) Leight. 

On calcareous soil in Mesobromion communities. 


Lit.: L6: 142, L8. 

byssinum (Hoffm.) Nyl. 

Syn.: Collema byssinum Hoffm. 

On calcareous sand in dunes. 

B Mar.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

corniculatum (Hoffm.) Minks 

Syn.: L. palmatum (Huds.) Minks


On strongly mineralized, acidic soil, in a vegetation 

dominated by Cladonia species. 


Lit.: L6: 142, Schl: 90, 220. 

cyanescens (Rabenh.) Körb. 

Syn.: L. caesium (Ach.) Vain. 

On periodically inundated, siliceous rocks, usually 

at the shore of rivers. 

B Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8. 

diffractum Körb. 

On vertical surfaces of hard calcareous, natural outcrops. 


Lit.: L7: 87, NL84: 15. 

gelatinosum (With.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: L. sinuatum (Huds.) A. Massal., L. scotinum var. 

sinuatum (Huds.) Torss., L. scotinum (Ach.) Fr. 

In Mesobromion and Xerobromion communities, 

on soil or mosses over calcareous rocks, also on 

walls, rarely over siliceous rocks. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: RRR (†

LEPTORHAPHIS Körb. 


+epidermidis (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

Syn.: Arthopyrenia epidermidis (Ach.) A. Massal., 

L. oxyspora (Nyl.) Körb. 

On Betula, either in natural or artificial conditions. 

B Fl.: RRR (


*xanthoriae M. S. Christ. 

On Xanthoria parietina and X. polycarpa. 


Lit.: Di: 246, L5: 29. 

LICHENODIPLIS Dyko & D. Hawksw. 

*lecanorae (Vouaux) Dyko & D. Hawksw. 

On Caloplaca cerinella, C. holocarpa and Lecanora 

saligna. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 247, L4: 23, LF0: 23, NL97: 51. 

LICHENOPELTELLA Höhn. 

*hydrophila R. Sant. ined. 

On Verrucaria species, especially V. hydrela, V. 

pinguicula and V. praetermissa, in or near streams. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. 

Lit.: Molitor & Diederich (1997: 73). 

*peltigericola (D. Hawksw.) R. Sant. 

Syn.: Actinopeltis peltigericola D. Hawksw. 

On Peltigera didactyla and P. rufescens (lower side 

of the thallus). 

B - . L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L5: 6. 

*santessonii (P. M. Kirk & Spooner) R. Sant. 

Syn.: Micropeltopsis santessonii P. M. Kirk & Spooner 

On Peltigera membranacea (lower side of the thallus). 


Lit.: L6: 143. 

*thelidii Diederich 

On Thelidium minutulum, in streams. 

B - . L Lorr.: RR (type locality). 

Lit.: Molitor & Diederich (1997: 73-74). 

LICHENOSTICTA Zopf 

*alcicornaria (Linds.) D. Hawksw. 

On Cladonia species, especially C. chlorophaea, C. 

cf. subulata and C. symphycarpa. 

B Mosan: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 29-30. 

LICHENOSTIGMA Hafellner 

*cosmopolites Hafellner & Calatayud 

On Xanthoparmelia conspersa and X. mougeotii. 

B Ard.: AC. L Ard.: AC. 

Lit.: L6: 147 (sub Sphaerellothecium araneosum), L8. 

*elongata Nav.-Ros. & Hafellner 

On Aspicilia caesiocinerea, A. sp. and Lobothallia 

radiosa. 

B Mosan: RR. L Ard.: R. F Mosan: RR. Most 

probably common but overlooked in some parts 

of the study area. 

Lit.: NL92: 159, NL97: 51, Navarro-Rosinés & Hafellner 

(1996). 

*rugosa G. Thor 

On Diploschistes scruposus. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lichenicolous fungus, exceptionally lichenized. 

Lit.: LF0: 7-9, NL92: 171. 

LICHENOTHELIA D. Hawksw. 

The genus is obviously widespread in the study area, 

including on roofs. Other, possibly undescribed 

species are expected, as several collections do not 

belong to L. convexa, but cannot be assigned to 

any known taxa. 

+convexa Henssen 

On exposed, natural, siliceous outcrops. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . F Ard.: RRR. Most probably 

overlooked. 

Lit.: L8. 

LINDAUOPSIS Zahlbr. 

*caloplacae Zahlbr., see under Tremella 

LITHOICEA Gray p. p., see Verrucaria 

LOBARIA (Schreb.) Hoffm. 

pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. 

Corticolous, mostly on old Fagus, Fraxinus and 

Quercus trees, in well-preserved forests. 

B Brab.: RR (†


Saxicolous, on mossy, natural, siliceous and sandstone 

outcrops in forests. 

B Mosan: RR (†1892), Ard.: R→ RRR. L Lorr.: RR 

(†1966). 

A single, quite depauperate, population of this species 

has been found in the study area in 1998. 

Lit.: La66: 214-216, La68: 73-74. 

laetevirens (Lightf.) Zahlbr., see L. virens 

scrobiculata (Scop.) DC., see Lobarina scrobiculata 

verrucosa (Huds.) Hoffm., see Lobarina scrobiculata 

LOBARINA (Vain.) Cromb. 

scrobiculata (Scop.) Cromb. 

Syn.: Lobaria scrobiculata (Scop.) DC., L. verrucosa 

(Huds.) Hoffm. 

Corticolous, mainly on Fraxinus and Quercus, in 


B Ard.: AR (†1991), Lorr.: R (†1984). L Ard.: 

RRR (†


pulverea (Borrer) Hafellner & Schreiner 

Syn.: Catillaria pulverea (Borrer) Lettau 

Corticolous, mainly on Quercus, in well-preserved 

forests. 


Lit.: L3: 28. 

laureri (Th. Fr.) Hafellner, syn. Catinaria laureri (Th. Fr.) 

Degel. The only record of this species from the study 

area (John 1990a: 111, 1990b: 60) is a mistake for 

Lecidella laureri. 

MEGASPORA (Clauzade & Cl. Roux) Hafellner 

& V. Wirth 

verrucosa (Ach.) Hafellner & V. Wirth 

Syn.: Pachyospora verrucosa (Ach.) A. Massal., 

Lecanora mutabilis (Ach.) Nyl. 

Over mosses in Mesobromion communities. 

B Mosan: RR (known only from the western parts 

of the district). L - . D Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L1: 7. 

MELANELIA Essl. 

disjuncta (Erichsen) Essl. 

Syn.: Parmelia disjuncta Erichsen, P. sorediata 

auct., non (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

On siliceous and sandstone rocks in natural, open 

habitats. 

B Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: La66: 431 (sub P. substygia), Mü1: 154, NL92: 159, 

Sé: 138. 

elegantula (Zahlbr.) Essl. 

Syn.: Parmelia elegantula (Zahlbr.) Szatala 

Corticolous, mainly on roadside trees (most common 

on Fraxinus), also in orchards (Malus), 

always in rather nitrophilous conditions. 

B Fl.: R, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: R, Mosan: AR, Ard.: 

AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ho: 176, 598, La66: 428, WS: 38, 76. 

exasperata (De Not.) Essl. 

Syn.: Parmelia exasperata De Not., P. aspera A. 

Massal., P. aspidota (Ach.) Poetsch 

Corticolous, mainly on the rather acid bark of 

branches and twigs of Fraxinus, Juglans, Populus, 

Pyrus, Quercus and Salix, in open habitats 

(meadows, orchards, etc.), incl. roadside trees, 

rarely found on trunks of roadside trees 

(Fraxinus, Juglans and Tilia). 

B Brab.: RRR (†


On siliceous rocks, in open conditions, in natural 

and artificial (slate rubbles in disused quarries) 

conditions. 


Lit.: L8. 

stygia (L.) Essl. 

Syn.: Parmelia stygia (L.) Ach. 

On exposed, natural, siliceous rocks. 


Lit.: L8. 

subargentifera (Nyl.) Essl. 

Syn.: Parmelia subargentifera Nyl. 

Corticolous, mainly on roadside trees, exceptionally 

saxicolous, on walls or exposed, natural sandstone 

outcrops, always in nitrophilous conditions. 

B - . L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: La68: 78, La69: 150, WS: 42, 84, Diederich (1985a: 

23), Diederich (1986a: 121). 

subaurifera (Nyl.) Essl. 

Syn.: Parmelia subaurifera Nyl. 

Corticolous, mainly on isolated trees, exceptionally 

saxicolous on siliceous rocks; a rather ubiquitous 

species, not requiring nitrophilous conditions, 

thus also found inside forests. 

B Mar.: C, Fl.: AC, Camp.: R, Brab.: AC, Mosan, 

Ard., Lorr.: AC. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 146-147, Ho: 190, La66: 427-428, WS: 42-43, 

85, Lambinon (1968b: 404). 

glabra (Schaer.) Essl., syn. Parmelia glabra (Schaer.) Nyl. 


MELASPILEA Nyl. 

granitophila (Th. Fr.) Coppins 

On siliceous rocks in dry and sheltered underhangs. 


Lit.: L8. 

ochrothalamia Nyl. 

Corticolous on old Quercus in well-preserved forests. 

B Lorr.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L2: 94. 

MENEGAZZIA A. Massal. 

terebrata (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: M. pertusa (Schrank) Stein, Parmelia pertusa 

(Schrank) Schaer. 

Epiphytic, mainly on Fagus in old forests, or saxicolous, 

on sandstone rocks. 

B Ard.: R, decreasing. L Lorr.: RRR (†


confusa Coppins & van den Boom 

Terricolous on decaying mosses, wood, stones and 

sandy soil, in industrial wasteland, contaminated 

with heavy metals (especially Zn). 

B Camp.: RR (type locality). L - . 

Lit.: Coppins & van den Boom (1995). 

curvata Coppins 

On rather exposed, siliceous rocks in natural habitats. 


Lit.: NL92: 159. 

deminuta Coppins 

On moribund bryophytes, at the edge of a Picea 

plantation. 


Lit.: Coppins (1995: 58-60). 

denigrata (Fr.) Hedl. 

Syn.: Catillaria synothea auct., non Ach. 

On trees, on Calluna or on wood, rarely on decaying 

mosses, often in ruderal conditions. 

B Camp.: AR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L 


Lit.: Di: 159-160, L4: 25, Mü1: 144, NL87: 22, NL92: 

171, NL93: 45, NL97: 51. 

erratica (Körb.) Hertel, Rambold & Pietschm. 

Syn.: Lecidea erratica Körb. 

On siliceous rocks, usually in humid conditions, 

and on siliceous pebbles at ground level, in 

ruderal habitats. 

B Brab.: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR. Most 

probably overlooked. 

Lit.: L8, Remy (1979). 

globulosella (Nyl.) Coppins 

On the base of a Pinus trunk in plantation. 


The identity of the only population referred to this 

species requires further study. 

Lit.: L3: 32. 

hedlundii Coppins 

On a vertical, sheltered sandstone rock. 


Lit.: NL92: 160. 

leprosula (Th. Fr.) Coppins & A. Fletcher 

On soil over decaying plants, and on siliceous rocks, 

overgrowing mosses, in natural and artificial (disused 

quarries) habitats. 


Lit.: L4: 26, NL92: 171, Sé: 138. 

lignaria (Ach.) Hedl. var. lignaria 

Syn.: Bacidia lignaria (Ach.) Lettau 

On sandstone and siliceous rocks, often over detritus, 

rarely on bark, in natural and artificial (disused 

quarries) habitats. 

B Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 157, L4: 24-25, NL84: 15, NL87: 22, NL92: 171. 

lithinella (Nyl.) Hedl. 

On siliceous or sandstone rocks, and on moribund 

mosses, often on vertical surfaces. 

B Camp.: RRR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L4: 26, NL92: 171, NL97: 51, Sé: 138. 

lutulata (Nyl.) Coppins 

On siliceous rocks, mostly in dry and sheltered 

underhangs in natural habitats. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RRR. F Ard.: 

RRR. D Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L4: 26, NL84: 15, NL87: 22, NL97: 51. 

melaena (Nyl.) Hedl. 

On Fagus and Pinus (mainly base of trunk) inside 

forests. 

B Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Di: 160, L4: 26, Goffinet (1992). 

misella (Nyl.) Hedl. 

Syn.: Lecidea misella (Nyl.) Nyl. 

Lignicolous, rarely over decaying plants, in rather 

ruderal conditions. 

B Camp.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 160-161, L4: 26, NL93: 45. 

myriocarpa Coppins 

On hard acidic rocks, rarely on sandstone rocks, and 

on exposed roots in dry and sheltered underhangs, 

usually associated with M. botryoides. 

B Ard.: AR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L4: 26. 

nigella Coppins 

Corticolous, at the base of Corylus, above a stream. 


Lit.: L8. 

nitschkeana (Rabenh.) Harm. 

Corticolous, on thin branches of Alnus, Calluna, 

Picea or Sarothamnus, sometimes lignicolous, in 

rather open conditions. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L 


Lit.: Di: 161-162, L4: 27, NL84: 15, NL92: 172.


parva Coppins 

On vertical, siliceous rocks, in shaded and sheltered 

habitats, once by a river at 30 cm above water 

level. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L7: 88, NL84: 15, Coppins (1995: 60-62). 

peliocarpa (Anzi) Coppins & R. Sant. 

Syn.: Bacidia trisepta (Hellb.) Zahlbr., Bilimbia 

trisepta (Hellb.) Zahlbr. 

Corticolous, mainly on old Quercus trees, rarely lignicolous, 

or saxicolous on siliceous rocks, and then 

often growing over Aspicilia, Neofuscelia, etc. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L 

Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 162, L2: 94-95, Mü3: 43, NL84: 15, NL92: 172. 

prasina Fr. 

Syn.: Biatorina prasina (Fr.) Syd., Catillaria prasina 

(Fr.) Th. Fr., C. micrococca (Körb.) Th. Fr. 

Corticolous, on all kinds of trees, lignicolous, and 

saxicolous, over sandstone rocks. 

B Brab.: AR, Camp.: AR, Mosan, Ard., Lorr.: C. L 

Ard.: C, Lorr.: C. 

The populations referred to this species are heterogeneous 

and two different species are involved. 

This matter requires further studies. 

Lit.: Ba: 8, Ca: 111-112, Di: 162-163, DSL: 234-235, 

Ho: 164 (erroneous, all specimens from GENT 

examined are misidentifications), L4: 25, NL97: 51. 

pycnidiophora Coppins & P. James 

Corticolous, on Acer and Fagus, in well-preserved 

forests. 

B Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 163-164, L4: 27, NL92: 160, NL97: 25. 

subnigrata (Nyl.) Coppins & H. Kilias 

On exposed, siliceous rocks in natural habitats 

(‘pierriers’) and on debris in old quarries. 


Lit.: L8. 

sylvicola (Flot.) Vězda & V. Wirth 

Syn.: Lecidea sylvicola Flot. 

On siliceous rocks, mostly in humid and sheltered 

underhangs, in natural or artificial (disused quarries) 

habitats. 

B Ard.: R. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 51, Sé: 138. 

ternaria (Nyl.) Vězda, syn. Bacidia ternaria (Nyl.) Lettau. 

Reported from B Ard. by Lambinon (1964b: 144), but no 

corresponding specimen has been seen by us. 

MICROCALICIUM Vain. 

*arenarium (A. Massal.) Tibell 

Syn.: Calicium citrinum auct. 

On Psilolechia lucida, over siliceous or sandstone 

rocks, exceptionally on roots of Quercus, always 

in dry and sheltered underhangs. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 164-165, LF0: 10, NL84: 15, NL87: 22, NL92: 

172, Sé: 138, Van Landuyt (1996). 

MICROGLAENA Körb. 

modesta (Nyl.) A. L. Sm., see Thelenella modesta 

muscorum (Fr.) Th. Fr. var. moniacensis (Hue) Zahlbr., syn. 

Verrucaria muscicola var. moniacensis Hue. Described 

from B Mosan by Hue (1898), but no material seen. A 

name of uncertain application. 

MICROPELTOPSIS Vain. 

*santessonii P. M. Kirk & Spooner, see Lichenopeltella 

santessonii 

MICROPHIALE (Stizenb.) Zahlbr. 

diluta (Pers.) Zahlbr., see Dimerella pineti 

MICROTHELIA Körb., nom. rej. 

+atomaria (Ach.) Körb., see Leptorhaphis atomaria 

+micula auct., non Körb., see Peridiothelia fuliguncta 

*scabrida J. Lahm, see Endococcus stigma 

MILOSPIUM D. Hawksw. 

*deslooveri Diederich & Sérus. 

On a sterile and still unidentified crust with Trentepohlia 

over shaded, siliceous rocks. 

B Ard.: RR (Semois valley, type locality). L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

*graphideorum (Nyl.) D. Hawksw. 

On Dirina stenhammarii, on a vertical, shaded, calcareous 

overhang. 


Lit.: NL99.


MIRIQUIDICA Hertel & Rambold 

deusta (Stenh.) Hertel & Rambold 

Syn.: Lecanora deusta (Stenh.) Nyl., Lecidea deusta 

(Stenh.) Nyl. 

On exposed, siliceous, natural outcrops. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: NL77: 21, L8. 

intrudens (H. Magn.) Hertel & Rambold 

Syn.: Lecanora intrudens H. Magn. 


B Ard.: RRR. L - . F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8, Sé: 142. 

sp. 

On shaded, siliceous rocks along a road. 

B - . L - . F Ard.: RRR. 

This species seems to be undescribed. 

Lit.: L8. 

griseoatra (Flot.) Hertel & Rambold, syn. Lecidea 

griseoatra (Flot.) Schaer. Reported from B by DG: 24, 

but no material seen. 

MOELLEROPSIS Gyeln. 

nebulosa (Hoffm.) Gyeln. 

Syn.: Pannaria nebulosa (Hoffm.) Nyl., Lecanora 

brunnea auct. belg., non (Sw.) Ach. 

On sandy and well-drained soil, over natural outcrops 

or on road banks. 

B Brab.: RR (†


hypnorum (Lib.) Kalb & Hafellner 

Syn.: Lecidea hypnorum Lib., L. atrofusca (Hepp) 

Mudd, L. templetonii Taylor 

Muscicolous, over calcareous rocks, in rather exposed 

conditions. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RRR (< 1830, type locality). L 


Lit.: DG: 23-24, L8, La69: 102. 

lobulata (Sommerf.) Hafellner 

Syn.: ?Toninia syncomista (Flörke) Th. Fr. 

On calcareous, natural outcrops, usually in fissures. 


Lit.: DG: 25, L8, NL84: 15. 

sabuletorum (Schreb.) Hafellner 

Syn.: Bacidia sabuletorum (Schreb.) Lettau, Lecidella 

sabuletorum (Schreb.) Körb., Bilimbia 

hypnophila (Ach.) Th. Fr., incl. M. accedens 

(Arnold) V. Wirth & Hafellner, syn. Bacidia 

accedens (Arnold) Lettau 

Saxicolous, on mosses, over calcareous, natural 

sandstone rocks or tufa, rarely on the bark of old 

trees, usually in sheltered conditions. 

B Brab.: RR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 166-167, Ertz: 20, L1: 6 (sub B. accedens), 

NL84: 15, NL87: 22, NL92: 172, NL97: 52. 

Lecidea sanguineoatra auct., non (Wulfen) Ach. 

Syn.: Lecidea hypnorum auct. p. p., non Lib. 

On the bark of an old Quercus in a humid valley in 

forest. 


This species is close to Mycobilimbia hypnorum. 

Lit.: Di: 140. 

Biatora sphaeroides (Dicks.) Körb. 

Syn.: Catillaria sphaeroides (A. Massal.) Schuler, 

Bilimbia sphaeroides (Dicks.) Th. Fr., Biatora 

pilularis (Körb.) Hepp, Lecidella pilularis 

(Körb.) Stein 

On bark of old trees (Fraxinus and Quercus mainly), 

once on mosses over a sandstone rock by a 

stream, always in well-preserved, humid forests. 

B Ard.: R (locally AR in the south), Lorr.: RRR. L 

Lorr.: R. 

This species belongs to Mycobilimbia (fide Printzen 

1995: 219), but the combination in that genus 

has never been made. 

Lit.: Di: 59-60, L2: 93. 

accedens (Arnold) V. Wirth & Hafellner, see M. sabuletorum 

MYCOBLASTUS Norman 

fucatus (Stirt.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: Mycoblastus sterilis Coppins & P. James 

Corticolous, rarely lignicolous, mostly conspicuous 

on smooth, acid bark in disturbed forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: C, Lorr.: C. L Ard.: C, Lorr.: 

C (but absent in the most polluted SW). 

Lit.: Di: 167-168, L2: 95, NL84: 15. 

sanguinarius (L.) Norman 

On acid bark, mainly Quercus, in well-preserved 

forests. 

B Ard.: R (locally AR in the south). L - . 

Lit.: DG: 25. 

sterilis Coppins & P. James, see M. fucatus 

MYCOCALICIUM Vain. 

subtile (Pers.) Szatala, syn. Calicium subtile Pers. var. 

minutellum (Ach.) Zahlbr. Reported from B by DG: 16 

and from L by Ko: 298, but no material seen. 

MYCOPORELLUM Müll. Arg., see Mycoporum 

MYCOPORUM Nyl. 

Syn.: Mycoporellum Müll. Arg. 

(+)antecellans (Nyl.) R. C. Harris 

Syn.: Arthopyrenia antecellans (Nyl.) Arnold 

On Fagus in forest. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . Overlooked ? 

Lit.: L5: 10, L8. 

(+)Mycoporellum sacromontanum (Strasser) Redinger 

On shaded, siliceous rocks, in natural or artificial 

conditions. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . Most probably overlooked. 

The combination of this epithet in Mycoporum has 

never been made. 

Lit.: L8. 

+hippocastani (DC.) Coppins, see Cyrtidula hippocastani 

Mycoporellum obscurum (Pers.) A. L. Sm. Reported from B 

by DG: 16, but no material seen. A name of uncertain 

application. 

+quercus (A. Massal.) Müll. Arg., see Cyrtidula quercus


NAETROCYMBE Körb. 

+fraxini (A. Massal.) R. C. Harris 

Syn.: Arthopyrenia fraxini A. Massal. 

Corticolous on Corylus, Populus and Quercus, 

usually in forests. 

B Fl.: RRR (†1868), Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR (†


verruculifera (Nyl.) Essl. 

Syn.: Parmelia verruculifera Nyl., P. glomellifera 

(Nyl.) Nyl. 

On siliceous, natural outcrops, or on artificial substrates 

(walls, roofs), in well-lit or shaded 

habitats. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: AC. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 154, Sé: 138. 

delisei (Duby) Essl., see N. pulla 

NEPHROMA Ach. 

laevigatum Ach. 

Corticolous on Fraxinus or Salix, in old, humid forests 

(ecology of the two recent localities in B Lorr.). 

B Ard.: RR (†1884), Lorr.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L4: 27-28, L6: 144, La66: 286-288, Schl: 161, 254 

(probably erroneous). 

parile (Ach.) Ach. 

On siliceous and sandstone rocks, often over 

mosses, or over basic bark, always in sheltered 

and humid conditions; the only recent specimen 

on a vertical, siliceous rock by a river at 30 cm 

above water level. 

B Mosan: RR (†1961), Ard.: R (†1966), Lorr.: 

RRR (†1968). L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: R (†


parella (L.) A. Massal. 

On siliceous, natural rocks, once on brick in artificial 

conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: 

RRR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 34, La69: 105, Mü1: 152, NL92: 160. 

subviridis (Høeg) Erichsen 

Syn.: O. yasudae auct., non Vain. 

Corticolous, mostly on Quercus in forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 172-173, La69: 105, NL84: 15. 

tartarea (L.) A. Massal. 

On natural, siliceous outcrops. 

B Ard.: RR (1964). L - . 

Lit.: DG: 34, La69: 105. 

turneri (Sm.) Hasselrot 

On bark of Populus. 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR. Most probably overlooked. 

Lit.: Di: 173, L5: 32. 

sordidogrisea (Erichsen) Schreiner & Hafellner., syn. Pertusaria 

sordidogrisea. Reported from B Ard. by Mü1: 150, 

but no specimen has been seen. 

yasudae auct., non Vain., see O. subviridis 

OMPHALINA Quél. 

Syn.: Phytoconis Bory 

hudsoniana (H. S. Jenn.) H. E. Bigelow 

Syn.: Coriscium viride (Ach.) Vain. 

On peat or decaying plants and mosses, over natural, 

siliceous or sandstone rocks, in humid conditions. 


Lit.: La66: 485-486, NL92: 160. 

umbellifera (L.: Fr.) Quél. 

Syn.: O. ericetorum (Fr.) M. Lange, O. pseudandrosacea 

(Bull.) M. M. Moser, Botrydina vulgaris 

Bréb. p. p. 

On soil, decaying plants and mosses, rarely on lignum, 

in very humid conditions. 

B Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 231, La69: 108. 

ericetorum (Fr.) M. Lange, see O. umbellifera 

pseudandrosacea (Bull.) M. M. Moser, see O. umbellifera 

OPEGRAPHA Ach. 

atra Pers. 

Syn.: O. bullata auct., incl. O. atra var. reticulata (Lam. 

& DC.) Schaer. and var. rimosa (DC.) Zahlbr. 

Corticolous, mainly on the smooth bark of 

Carpinus, Corylus and Fagus, sometimes on 

other trees, inside forests, incl. coppices, rarely 

along roads. 

B Mar.: AR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, 

Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Di: 174-175, Ho: 117, 166, 594, NL84: 16, 

Hoffmann & Van Rompu (1995). 

calcarea Sm. 

Syn.: O. chevallieri Leight. 

On calcareous, natural outcrops. 


The identity of the material referred to this species 

requires further studies. Several species might be 

involved and confusion with O. saxatilis is likely. 

Lit.: DG: 18, La69: 100, NL77: 22. 

culmigena Lib. 

Syn.: O. herbarum Mont., O. betulina Sm. 

Corticolous, on Acer in a well-preserved forest and 

on branches of Juniperus cf. sabina, or on old, 

desiccated culms and leaves of Poa nemoralis. 

B Ard.: RR (type locality). L Lorr.: RRR (†1902). 

Lit.: Di: 175, L5: 32-33, L8, NL97: 25. 

lithyrga Ach. 

On shaded overhangs of siliceous rocks, in natural 

habitats. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 18, L7: 88, NL84: 16, NL92: 160. 

mougeotii A. Massal. 

On calcareous and sandstone rocks, on vertical surfaces 

in shaded habitats. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: R. F 


The distinction of this species from O. varia 


Lit.: L5: 33, NL84: 16, NL92: 172. 

ochrocheila Nyl. 

Corticolous, mainly on Acer, Fagus and Quercus, 

on roots of Populus by a river at water level, and 

on lignum of Carpinus, mainly in humid and 


B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 178-179, L5: 33-34, NL97: 52. 

rufescens Pers. 

Syn.: O. herpetica (Ach.) Ach.


Corticolous, on the smooth bark of deciduous trees, 

mainly Acer and Fraxinus, in shaded and wellpreserved 

forests. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: R, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: DG: 18, Di: 179, NL87: 22, NL97: 52. 

*rupestris Pers. 

On Bagliettoa and Verrucaria species, especially B. 

steineri, V. calciseda, V. muralis and V. nigrescens, 

mainly on natural, calcareous or sandstone 

outcrops. 

B Mosan: AR. L Lorr.: RR. F Mar.: RRR, Lorr. 


Lit.: BDL2: 45 (sub Leciographa monspeliensis), L5: 34 

(sub O. saxatilis), NL84: 16 (sub O. parasitica), 

NL87: 22, Vouaux (1912-14: 491). 

saxatilis DC. 

?Incl. O. saxicola Ach. 

On natural outcrops of hard calcareous rock. 


Lit.: Tonglet (1898: 37, sub O. saxicola), NL84: 16, 

NL97: 52. 

varia Pers. 

Syn.: O. diaphora (Ach.) Ach., O. lichenoides Pers., 

O. pulicaris auct., non Pers.: Fr., incl. O. diaphora 

var. chlorina (Pers.) Schaer. and var. signata Ach. 

Corticolous on various trees (especially Acer, 

Fraxinus, Quercus and Ulmus), in forests and on 

isolated trees. 

B Mar.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 175-176, 179-180, Ho: 167, 169, 595, NL84: 16, 

NL92: 172, NL97: 25-26, 52. 

variiformis Anzi (‘variaeformis’) 

On a natural, calcareous outcrop in sunny conditions. 

B - . L Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. 

Lit.: L8. 

vermicellifera (Kunze) J. R. Laundon 

Corticolous, most frequent on dry sides of old trees 

(Populus, Quercus, Salix, etc.) in valleys, also 

present and locally abundant on Hedera ‘trunks’ 

climbing over sheltered, calcareous rocks. 

B Fl.: RRR (†


pulicaris auct., non Pers.: Fr., see O. varia 

saxicola Ach., see O. saxatilis 

subsiderella (Nyl.) Arnold, see O. vulgata var. subsiderella 

zonata Körb., see Enterographa zonata 

*zwackhii (Zwackh) Källsten, syn. Leciographa zwackhii 

Zwackh. The ancient report of this species from L Lorr. 

by Ko: 284-285 is not sustained by any relevant specimen 

and is therefore most doubtful. 

OPHIOPARMA Norman 

ventosa (L.) Norman 

Syn.: Haematomma ventosum (L.) A. Massal. 


B Ard.: RR. L - . 

A single, very reduced and sterile population remains 

in the study area. 

Lit.: DG: 32, L8. 

PACHYOSPORA A. Massal. 

verrucosa (Ach.) A. Massal., see Megaspora verrucosa 

PACHYPHIALE Lönnr. 

carneola (Ach.) Arnold 

Syn.: P. cornea (With.) Poetsch 

On Acer and Fraxinus, in well-preserved forests. 


Lit.: L4: 28. 

fagicola (Hepp) Zwackh 

Corticolous, on Fraxinus, Populus and Tilia. 


Lit.: Di: 182, L3: 33, NL92: 161. 

cornea (With.) Poetsch, see P. carneola 

PANNARIA Delise 

conoplea (Ach.) Bory 

Syn.: Pannaria rubiginosa (Ach.) Bory var. lanuginosa 

auct., non (Hoffm.) Zahlbr. 

Over saxicolous and corticolous mosses, in humid 

old forests. 

B Brab.: RR (†


B Mar.: R, Fl.: RR, Camp.: AR, Brab.: AR, Mosan, 

Ard., Lorr.: C. L Ard.: C, Lorr.: C. F Mosan, 

Ard.: C. 

Lit.: Ca: 144, Ho: 188, La66: 438-439, Qu: 110-111, WS: 

41, 83. 

submontana Hale 

On old Aesculus, Populus and Tilia near a cemetery 

or a chapel, on Acer and Fraxinus along a road, 

on Quercus in a pasture and on branches of 

Fagus in a forest. 

B Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. Overlooked. 

Lit.: L8. 

sulcata Taylor 

Corticolous, on all kinds of trees, common in nitrophilous 

communities in well-lit conditions. 

B, L and F: CC everywhere. 

Lit.: Ca: 151-152, Ho: 196, La66: 439-440, Qu: 113-114, 

WS: 43-44, 87. 

acetabulum (Neck.) Duby, see Pleurosticta acetabulum 

andreana Müll. Arg., see Flavopunctelia flaventior 

aspera A. Massal., see Melanelia exasperata 

aspidota (Ach.) Poetsch, see Melanelia aspidota 

borreri (Sm.) Turner, see Punctelia borreri 

borreri auct. p. p., non (Sm.) Turner, see Punctelia 

subrudecta and P. ulophylla 

borreri var. pseudoborreri (Asahina) Lambinon & Targé, 

see Punctelia borreri 

borreri var. ulophylla (Ach.) Nyl., see Punctelia ulophylla 

caperata (L.) Ach., see Flavoparmelia caperata 

cetrarioides (Duby) Nyl., see Cetrelia olivetorum 

coniocarpa Laurer, nom. illeg., see Parmotrema chinense 

conspersa (Ach.) Ach., see Xanthoparmelia conspersa 

crinita Ach., see Parmotrema crinitum 

delisei (Duby) Nyl., see Neofuscelia pulla 

diffusa auct., non (Weber) Rebent., see Parmeliopsis ambigua 

discordans Nyl., see Parmelia omphalodes subsp. discordans 

disjuncta Erichsen, see Melanelia disjuncta 

disjuncta auct. belg. p. p., non Erichsen, see Melanelia 

sorediata 

dubia (Wulfen) Schaer. A name of uncertain application, 

referring either to Punctelia subrudecta or to P. ulophylla. 

elegantula (Zahlbr.) Szatala, see Melanelia elegantula 

exasperata De Not., see Melanelia exasperata 

exasperatula (Nyl.) Essl., see Melanelia exasperatula 

fahlunensis auct., see Tuckermannopsis hepatizon 

flaventior Stirt., see Flavopunctelia flaventior 

fuliginosa (Duby) Nyl., see Melanelia glabratula subsp. 

fuliginosa 

furfuracea (L.) Ach., see Pseudevernia furfuracea 

glabra (Schaer.) Nyl., see Melanelia glabra 

glabratula (Lamy) Nyl., see Melanelia glabratula subsp. 

glabratula 

glomellifera (Nyl.) Nyl., see Neofuscelia verruculifera 

hyperopta Ach., see Parmeliopsis hyperopta 

incurva (Pers.) Hale, see Arctoparmelia incurva 

isidiotyla Nyl., see Neofuscelia loxodes 

laciniatula (H. Olivier) Zahlbr., see Melanelia laciniatula 

laetevirens (Flot.) Rosend., see Melanelia glabratula subsp. 

glabratula 

loxodes Nyl., see Neofuscelia loxodes 

molliuscula auct. belg. p. p., non Ach., see Xanthoparmelia 

conspersa 

mougeotii D. Dietr., see Xanthoparmelia mougeotii 

olivacea (L.) Ach., see Melanelia olivacea 

panniformis (Nyl.) Vain., see Melanelia panniformis 

pastillifera (Harm.) R. Schub. & Klem., see Parmelina 

pastillifera 

perlata (Huds.) Ach., see Parmotrema chinense 

perrugata Nyl., see Neofuscelia pulla 

pertusa (Schrank) Schaer., see Menegazzia terebrata 

physodes (L.) Ach., see Hypogymnia physodes 

prolixa (Ach.) Carroll, see Neofuscelia pulla 

protomatrae Gyeln., see Xanthoparmelia protomatrae 

pubescens (L.) Vain., see Pseudephebe pubescens 

pulla Ach., see Neofuscelia pulla 

pulla var. delisei (Duby) H. Magn., see Neofuscelia pulla 

quercina (Willd.) Vain., see Parmelina quercina var. quercina 

reticulata Taylor, see Rimelia reticulata 

revoluta Flörke, see Hypotrachyna revoluta 

scortea (Ach.) Ach., see Parmelina tiliacea 

sinuosa (Sm.) Ach., see Hypotrachyna sinuosa 

soredians Nyl., see Flavoparmelia soredians 

sorediata (Ach.) Th. Fr., see Melanelia sorediata 

sorediata auct., non (Ach.) Th. Fr., see Melanelia disjuncta


sorediosa Almb., see Melanelia sorediata 

sprengelii Flörke, see Neofuscelia pulla 

stenophylla auct. p. m. p., non (Ach.) Heugel, nom. conf., 

see Xanthoparmelia conspersa and X. somloënsis var. 

somloënsis 

stictica (Duby) Nyl., see Punctelia stictica 

stygia (L.) Ach., see Melanelia stygia 

subargentifera Nyl., see Melanelia subargentifera 

subaurifera Nyl., see Melanelia subaurifera 

subrudecta Nyl., see Punctelia subrudecta 

taractica Kremp., see Xanthoparmelia somloënsis var. somloënsis 

tiliacea (Hoffm.) Ach., see Parmelina tiliacea 

trichotera Hue, see Parmotrema chinense 

tubulosa (Schaer.) Bitter, see Hypogymnia tubulosa 

verruculifera Nyl., see Neofuscelia verruculifera 

vittata (Ach.) Nyl., see Hypogymnia vittata 

PARMELIELLA Müll. Arg. 

triptophylla (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

Corticolous, on Quercus and Sorbus in humid, old 

and well-preserved forests. 

B Ard.: RRR (†


reticulatum (Taylor) Choisy, see Rimelia reticulata 

PECCANIA A. Massal. 

coralloides (A. Massal.) A. Massal. Reported from B Mosan 

by DG: 19 and Tonglet (1898: 18), but no material seen. 

PELTIGERA Willd. 

canina (L.) Willd. 

On humus-rich or mossy soil and rocks, usually 

slightly basic, in rather open conditions. 

B Mar.: RR, Camp.: RRR (†1898), Brab.: RR 

(†1899), Mosan: R (†1964), Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. L 

Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Goffinet et al. (1995: 189-190), Vitikainen (1994: 32). 

collina (Ach.) Schrad. 

Syn.: P. scutata (Dicks.) Duby 

On epiphytic mosses, or more rarely siliceous 

rocks, in well-preserved and humid forests. 

B Mar.: RRR (†1867), Ard.: RR (†1884), Lorr.: 

R→ RRR (only two trees left with it). L Lorr.: 

RRR (†


B Fl.: RR (†1867), Camp.: RRR (†1869), Brab.: 

RR (†1899), Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, decreasing, 

Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: R. 

Lit.: Goffinet et al. (1995: 195), Vitikainen (1994: 63). 

neckeri Müll. Arg. 

Syn.: P. polydactyla auct. belg. p. p., non (Neck.) 

Hoffm. 

On terricolous mosses, usually in highly 

mineralized conditions, very rarely at the base of 

‘dusty’ trees. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RR (?†1964), Mosan: 

R, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR (1962). L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Goffinet et al. (1995: 195-196), Vitikainen (1994: 66). 

neopolydactyla (Gyeln.) Gyeln. 

On siliceous soil by a road. 

B Ard.: RRR (†1962). L - . 

The identity of the only known collection is not 

absolutely certain. Now extinct throughout the 

area of study. 

Lit.: Goffinet et al. (1995: 196). 

polydactylon (Neck.) Hoffm. 

Note: ‘polydactyla’ is an orthographic variant of 

‘polydactylon’. 

In highly different ecological conditions: on mossy 

rocks in well-lit or shaded conditions, or terricolous 

in artificial habitats. 

B Brab.: RRR (†


PERIDIOTHELIA D. Hawksw. 

+fuliguncta (Norman) D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Microthelia micula auct., non Körb. 

Corticolous, on Tilia, often in ruderal conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

A non-lichenized species, included here because it 

looks like a lichen and is usually studied by 

lichenologists. 

Lit.: L7: 88. 

PERTUSARIA DC. 

albescens (Huds.) Choisy & Werner 

Syn.: P. albescens var. corallina (Zahlbr.) J. R. 

Laundon, P. discoidea (Pers.) Malme, P. 

globulifera (Turner) A. Massal., P. henrici sensu 

Erichsen, P. orbiculata (Schreb.) Zahlbr. 

Corticolous, on roadside trees (mainly Fraxinus 

and Populus), in orchards (on Malus and Pyrus) 

and in forests (mainly on Fagus and Quercus). 

B Mar.: R, Fl.: AR, Camp.: AR, Brab.: AC, Mosan: 

AR, Ard., Lorr.: AC-C. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: C. 

One single fertile specimen is known from Luxembourg. 

Lit.: Ca: 114-115, Di: 184-186, DSL: 236-237, Ho: 139, 

200, NL84: 16, Hanko (1983: 236). 

amara (Ach.) Nyl. 

Syn.: P. faginea auct. 

Corticolous, on all kinds of trees along roads or 

inside forests, exceptionally saxicolous, on 

exposed, siliceous rocks. 

B Camp.: AR, Mosan: AR, Ard., Lorr.: C. L Ard.: 

CC, Lorr.: C. F Mosan: RRR. 

Two chemical strains have been observed: with, 

and without protocetraric acid, the latter being 

the rarest. 

Lit.: Ba: 10, Di: 186, Mü1: 150, NL84: 16. 

aspergilla (Ach.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: P. dealbescens auct., non Erichsen, P. 

dealbata auct., non (Ach.) Nyl. 

Saxicolous on siliceous rocks, in well-lit, exposed 

or shaded, natural habitats. 


Lit.: Di: 183, La69: 104, NL77: 22. 

coccodes (Ach.) Nyl. 

Corticolous, in forests (on Fagus and Quercus) and 

on roadside trees (e. g. Fraxinus, Tilia). 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard., Lorr.: AR. 

L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 187, Ho: 139, 201, 609, La68: 76, NL84: 16, 

Hanko (1983: 197). 

corallina (L.) Arnold 

On siliceous and sandstone rocks, usually in 

exposed situations, either in natural habitats or 

on slate debris in disused quarries. 

B Ard.: AR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 183, La68: 76, Mü1: 150, NL92: 172. 

coronata (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

On bark of Fagus, Fraxinus and Quercus in wellpreserved 

forests. 

B Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 187-188, L5: 34. 

excludens Nyl. 

On a rather shaded, siliceous, natural outcrop. 


Lit.: L5: 19, 34. 

flavida (DC.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: P. lutescens (Hoffm.) Lamy 

Corticolous, mostly on old Fagus and Quercus 

inside well-preserved forests, also on roadside 

trees (Fraxinus, Tilia, Ulmus), exceptionally 

lignicolous. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: 

AC (but absent in the industrialized SW part). 

Lit.: Di: 188, Mü1: 150, NL84: 16. 

hemisphaerica (Flörke) Erichsen 

Corticolous, mainly on Fagus and Quercus inside 

forests. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Di: 188-189, La68: 76, NL84: 16. 

hymenea (Ach.) Schaer. 

Syn.: P. wulfenii DC. 

Corticolous, mainly in forests on old trees of Fagus 

and Quercus, rarely on Acer. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 189-190, NL97: 53. 

lactea (L.) Arnold 

On exposed and well-lit, siliceous rocks in natural 

habitats. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: R. 

Lit.: La68: 76, Mü1: 150, NL77: 22, NL92: 172. 

leioplaca DC. 

Syn.: P. leucostoma A. Massal. 

On the smooth bark of Carpinus and other trees in 

shaded forests.


B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 190, Mü1: 150, NL84: 16, NL97: 53. 

multipuncta (Turner) Nyl. 

Corticolous, on Carpinus and Fraxinus inside forests. 

B Brab.: RRR (†


*lesdainii Vouaux, see Echinodiscus lesdainii 

*thallicola (A. Massal.) Triebel & Rambold, syn. Nesolechia 

thallicola (A. Massal.) A. Massal. The report of this 

species from L by Ko: 264 is not sustained by any 

material and is therefore most doubtful. 

PHAEOCALICIUM A. F. W. Schmidt 

+populneum (Duby) A. F. W. Schmidt, syn. Calicium populneum 

Duby. The report of this species from L by Ko: 297 

is most doubtful as no specimen could be examined. 

PHAEOGRAPHIS Müll. Arg. 

dendritica (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

Syn.: Graphis dendritica (Ach.) Ach. 

On Castanea in unknown ecological conditions. 

B Brab.: RRR (†


PHAEOPYXIS Rambold & Triebel 

*varia Coppins, Rambold & Triebel 

On Trapeliopsis pseudogranulosa. 


Lit.: L8. 

*punctum (A. Massal.) Rambold, Triebel & Coppins, syn. 

Nesolechia punctum A. Massal. Reported from L by Ko: 

264, but no corresponding specimen has been seen. 

PHAEOSPORA Stein 

*lecanorae Eitner 

On Lecanora species, especially L. albescens. 

B - . L Lorr.: RR. F Mar.: RRR (

PHYSALOSPORA Niessl 


*galactinae Vouaux, see Zwackhiomyces lecanorae 

*lecanorae (Stein) G. Winter, see Zwackhiomyces lecanorae 

*leptogiophila (G. Winter) Vouaux, see Cyanomyces leptogiophilus 

PHYSCIA (Schreb.) Michx. 

adscendens (Fr.) H. Olivier 

On exposed and nitrophilous bark, mainly on trees 

along roads and in orchards, rarely lignicolous, also 

saxicolous, especially on concrete and asbestos. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, elsewhere: AC-C. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Ca: 157-158, Ho: 206, La66: 471-472, Qu: 117-119, 

WS: 46-47, 93. 

aipolia (Humb.) Fürnr. 

Mainly on isolated trees (e. g. Fraxinus), in slightly 


B Mar.: R, Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: R, Mosan: 

R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ho: 213, La66: 472-473, WS: 47, 94. 

caesia (Hoffm.) Fürnr. 

On exposed and nitrophilous natural rocks and artificial 

substrates (concrete, asbestos, old walls 

and gravestones), rarely on the dust-enriched 

base of old isolated trees. 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: C, Brab.: AR, elsewhere: AR-C. L 

Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 160-161, Ho: 209, La66: 474, Qu: 119-120, WS: 

48, 95. 

clementei (Turner) Maas Geest. 

Syn.: P. clementiana (Ach.) Kickx, P. astroidea 

auct., non (Clem.) Nyl. 

On isolated trees (incl. exotic ones like Gingko biloba) 

with a well-lit and slightly nitrophilous bark. 

B Fl.: RR (†1954), Brab.: RR (†1852), Mosan: 

RRR (†1952), Ard.: RRR (†1868). L - . 


Lit.: La66: 474-475, Barkman (1990: 13-14). 

dimidiata (Arnold) Nyl. 

On exposed and nitrophilous siliceous rocks, also 

on artificial substrates, especially old walls. 

B Brab.: RRR (1962), Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L - . 

D Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La66: 477, Diederich (1985a: 25; the specimen 

mentioned belongs to P. tribacia). 

dubia (Hoffm.) Lettau var. dubia 

Corticolous at the base of roadside trees with an enriched 

bark (Fraxinus, Tilia, Ulmus, etc.), and 

saxicolous, on nitrophilous, natural, siliceous or 

calcareous sandstone rocks, but especially on 

artificial substrates, like roofs and old walls. 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: R, Camp.: RR, Brab.: R, Mosan: 

R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AR, Lorr .: AR. 

Lit.: Ho: 211, Mü1: 158, NL93: 45, WS: 48-49, 96. 

dubia var. teretiuscula (Ach.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

Syn.: P. teretiuscula (Ach.) Lynge 

Mainly on natural, exposed, siliceous outcrops, 

usually in thermophilous habitats, rare on artificial 

substrates like roofs and old walls, once 

found on tree nearby rocks covered by the taxon. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: AR. 

Lit.: La66: 477-478, Mü1: 158, Giralt & van den Boom 

(1996: 81), Lambinon (1968b: 405). 

semipinnata (J. F. Gmel.) Moberg 

Syn.: P. leptalea (Ach.) DC. 

On well-lit trees and branches in rather nitrophilous 

conditions. 

B Mar.: RRR (†1962), Mosan: RRR (†1851), Ard.: 

RR (†1856). L Lorr.: R (†1891). 


Lit.: La66: 470-471. 

stellaris (L.) Nyl. 

On trunks, branches and twigs of deciduous trees in 

open situations (roadside, orchards, hedges, etc.). 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: AR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: AR, 

Mosan: AR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ho: 213, La66: 473-474, WS: 49, 97. 

subalbinea Nyl. 

Syn.: P. wainioi Räsänen, P. caesiella (B. de Lesd.) 

Suza 

On natural, exposed, siliceous outcrops and on artificial 

substrates (mainly old walls), rarely corticolous 

on roadside trees (Fraxinus). 

B Mosan: RR (1929), Ard.: R. L Ard.: R. 

Lit.: La66: 475-476, WS: 50, 100. 

tenella (Scop.) DC. 

Corticolous, mainly on roadside trees and in 

orchards, often in well-lit situations and on bark 

rich in dust, always in nitrophilous communities, 

also lignicolous, rarely saxicolous, on concrete 

or other artificial substrates. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Brab.: CC, elsewhere: C-CC. 

L Ard.: C, Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Ca: 162-163, Ho: 215, La66: 471, Qu: 119, 121-122, 

WS: 49-50, 98.


tribacia (Ach.) Nyl. 

On natural, sheltered, siliceous outcrops and on 

artificial substrates (mainly old walls), also corticolous 

on Fraxinus and Tilia on roadsides. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: R. 

Lit.: Ho: 167, 217, 618, La66: 476, NL92: 173, NL97: 

53, WS: 50, 99. 

vitii Nádv. 

Corticolous on roadside bole of Ulmus. 

B Mosan: RR (1968). L - . 

The species has not been recorded in the study area 

for more than thirty years and may be extinct, as 

its only habitat (Ulmus trees along roads) has 

almost disappeared. 

Lit.: La66: 476. 

adglutinata (Flörke) Nyl., see Hyperphyscia adglutinata 

astroidea auct., non (Clem.) Nyl., see P. clementei 

caesiella (B. de Lesd.) Suza, see P. subalbinea 

ciliaris (L.) DC., see Anaptychia ciliaris 

ciliata (Hoffm.) Du Rietz, see Phaeophyscia ciliata 

clementiana (Ach.) Kickx, see P. clementei 

cycloselis (Ach.) Vain., see Phaeophyscia orbicularis 

detersa auct. belg., non (Nyl.) Poelt, see Physconia 

enteroxantha 

elaeina auct., non (Wahlenb.) A. L. Sm., see Hyperphyscia 

adglutinata 

enteroxantha Nyl., see Physconia enteroxantha 

farrea auct., non (Ach.) Vain., Physconia perisidiosa 

grisea (Lam.) Zahlbr., see Physconia grisea 

leptalea (Ach.) DC., see P. semipinnata 

leucoleiptes auct., non (Tuck.) Lettau, see Physconia 

enteroxantha 

luganensis (Mereschk.) Moberg, see Phaeophyscia chloantha 

muscigena (Ach.) Nyl., see Physconia muscigena 

nigricans (Flörke) Stizenb., see Phaeophyscia nigricans 

obscura (Humb.) Fürnr., see Phaeophyscia orbicularis 

opuntiella Buschardt & Poelt, see Agonimia opuntiella 

orbicularis (Neck.) Poetsch, see Phaeophyscia orbicularis 

perisidiosa Erichsen, see Physconia perisidiosa 

pulverulenta (Hoffm.) Fürnr., see Physconia distorta 

sciastra (Ach.) Du Rietz, see Phaeophyscia sciastra 

speciosa (Wulfen) Nyl., see Heterodermia speciosa 

teretiuscula (Ach.) Lynge, see P. dubia var. teretiuscula 

venusta (Ach.) Nyl., see Physconia venusta 

virella (Ach.) Flagey, see Phaeophyscia orbicularis 

wainioi Räsänen, see P. subalbinea 

PHYSCONIA Poelt 

distorta (With.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: P. pulverulacea Moberg, P. pulverulenta 

(Hoffm.) Poelt, Physcia pulverulenta (Hoffm.) 

Fürnr. 

Corticolous on old isolated trees (mainly Fraxinus, 

Populus, Tilia, Ulmus, rarely Juglans, Quercus, 

etc.) on roadside, in orchards, pastures or along 

streams, in rather nitrophilous conditions. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RRR (1920), Brab.: 

AR→ RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AC. L 

Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ho: 167, 219, 618, La66: 478-479, WS: 53, 105. 

enteroxantha (Nyl.) Poelt 

Syn.: Physcia enteroxantha Nyl., P. detersa auct. 

belg., non (Nyl.) Poelt, P. leucoleiptes auct., non 

(Tuck.) Lettau 

Corticolous, on roadside trees and in orchards 

(mainly Fraxinus, Tilia and Ulmus), in rather 


B Mar.: R, Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: R, 

Mosan: R, Ard.: AR-AC, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ho: 220, 619, La66: 480-481, WS: 51, 102. 

grisea (Lam.) Poelt 

Syn.: Physcia grisea (Lam.) Zahlbr. 

Corticolous on old roadside trees and in orchards 

(mainly Fraxinus, Populus, Tilia and Ulmus, 

also on Malus, Pyrus, etc.), rare on concrete or 

on old calcareous walls, always in rather nitrophilous 

conditions. 

B Mar.: C, Fl.: C, Brab.: C, elsewhere: AR-AC. L 

Ard.: R, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 164-165, Ho: 220, La66: 479-480, Qu: 122-123, 

VGH: 114, WS: 52, 103. 

perisidiosa (Erichsen) Moberg 

Syn.: Physcia perisidiosa Erichsen, P. farrea auct., 

non (Ach.) Vain. 

Corticolous on old roadside trees (mainly Fraxinus, 

Populus, Tilia and Ulmus), especially at the base 

of the trunk, also saxicolous on old graves or on 

limestone rocks. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. L 

Ard.: R, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: La66: 480, WS: 52, 104.


muscigena (Ach.) Poelt, syn. Physcia muscigena (Ach.) Nyl. 

Reported from B by DG: 40, but no material seen and 

hence doubtful. 

pulveracea Moberg, see P. distorta 

pulverulenta (Hoffm.) Poelt, see P. distorta 

venusta (Ach.) Poelt, syn. Physcia venusta (Ach.) Nyl. The 

material from B referred to this southern European species 

by DG: 40 most probably belongs to P. perisidiosa. 

PHYSMA A. Massal. 

compactum (Wallr.) A. Massal., see Lempholemma polyanthes 

PHYTOCONIS Bory, see Omphalina 

PLACIDIOPSIS Beltr. 

cartilaginea (Nyl.) Vain. 

Syn.: P. custnani (A. Massal.) Körb. 

On soil in Xerobromion communities over calcareous 

rocks. 

B Mosan: RR, perhaps overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: L8, La69: 99, Breuss (1996: 77). 

cinerascens (Nyl.) Breuss 

On soil in Xerobromion communities over calcareous 

rocks. 

B Mosan: RRR (1905), perhaps overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: Breuss (1996: 81). 

custnani (A. Massal.) Körb., see P. cartilaginea 

PLACIDIUM A. Massal. 

pilosellum (Breuss) Breuss 

Syn.: Catapyrenium pilosellum Breuss, Dermatocarpon 

rufescens auct. p. p., non (Ach.) Th. Fr., D. trapeziforme 

auct. p. p., non (J. König) Trevis. 

On calcareous soil, mainly in Xerobromion communities, 

sometimes on artificial substrates like 

wall crevices. 

B Mosan: AR in suitable localities, especially in the 

main valleys. L Lorr.: RR. F Mosan: AR in suitable 

localities in the Meuse valley. 

By far the most common species of the genus in the 

Mosan district. 

Lit.: Ertz: 36, NL84: 13, Breuss (1990: 98-103). 

rufescens (Ach.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: Catapyrenium rufescens (Ach.) Breuss, Dermatocarpon 

rufescens (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

In crevices of old calcareous walls. 

B Mosan: RR, most probably overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: Breuss (1990: 104-111). 

squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss 

Syn.: Catapyrenium squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss, 

Dermatocarpon rufescens auct. p. p., non (Ach.) 

Th. Fr., D. trapeziforme auct. p. p., non (J. 

König) Trevis. 

On calcareous soil, mainly in Mesobromion and 

Xerobromion communities. 

B Mosan: R, probably overlooked. L Lorr.: R. F 

Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Breuss (1990: 114-125). 

lachneum (Ach.) B. de Lesd., syn. Catapyrenium lachneum 

(Ach.) R. Sant. The specimens from L Lorr. published 

under this name by Diederich (1986a: 118) refer to 

Placidium pilosellum and P. squamulosum. 

PLACOCARPUS Trevis. 

(*)schaereri (Fr.) Breuss 

Syn.: Dermatocarpon monstrosum (Schaer.) Vain. 

On natural, hard calcareous rocks in dry and sunny 

conditions, initially parasitic on Lecanora (probably 

L. muralis), soon forming an independent 

thallus. 

B Mosan (Molignée valley): RRR (1988). L - . 

Lit.: L6: 145, La66: 192-195. 

PLACODIUM F. H. Wigg. 

albescens (Hoffm.) A. Massal., see Lecanora albescens 

circinatum (Pers.) Gray, see Lobothallia radiosa 

crassum (Huds.) Th. Fr., see Squamarina cartilaginea 

fulgens (Sw.) Gray, see Fulgensia fulgens 

gelidum (L.) Körb., see Placopsis gelida 

gypsaceum (Sm.) A. Massal., see Squamarina gypsacea 

lentigerum (Weber) Th. Fr., see Squamarina lentigera 

saxicolum (Pollich) Frege, see Lecanora muralis 

PLACOLECIS Trevis. 

Syn.: Astroplaca Bagl. 

opaca (Fr.) Hafellner 

Syn.: Astroplaca opaca (Fr.) Bagl., Lecidea entochrysoides 

Hue 

On natural, dry and sunny, calcareous rocks. 

B Mosan: R (type locality of L. entochrysoides). L - . 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, 27, L8, Schneider (1979: 64-67).


PLACOPSIS (Nyl.) Linds. 

lambii Hertel & V. Wirth 

Syn.: P. gelida auct. belg., non (L.) Linds., 

Lecanora gelida auct. belg., non (L.) Ach. 

On slate debris, especially those rich in heavy 

metals, in disused quarries. 

B Ard.: RR (but common in its localities). L - . F 

Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 37, NL77: 22. 

gelida (L.) Linds., syn. Placodium gelidum (L.) Körb. 

Reported from L Ard. by Ko: 190-191, but no specimen 

has been seen. 

gelida auct. belg., non (L.) Linds., see P. lambii 

PLACOPYRENIUM Breuss 

Catapyrenium subtrachyticum B. de Lesd. 

On calcareous stones of a wall. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RRR (1902) (type locality). 

According to Breuss (1990: 144), this taxon 

belongs to Placopyrenium, but its taxonomic 

status requires further studies. 

Lit.: BDL1: 232, Breuss (1990: 144). 

trachyticum (Hazsl.) Breuss 

Syn.: Dermatocarpon trachyticum (Hazsl.) Vain. 

On a tufa rock, on a calcareous gravestone and on a 

sandstone wall in an old castle. 

B Fl.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. Overlooked ? 

Lit.: L8, Mü4: 109. 

PLACYNTHIELLA Elenkin 

Syn.: Saccomorpha Elenkin 

dasaea (Stirt.) Tønsberg 

Corticolous, on acid bark, usually at the base of 

trees, lignicolous or terricolous, on soil, plant 

detritus, etc. 

B - , overlooked. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: L8. 

icmalea (Ach.) Coppins & P. James 

Syn.: Saccomorpha icmalea (Ach.) Clauzade & Cl. 

Roux 

On various acidic substrates, incl. bark, wood (incl. 

burned or rotting), plant debris, humus-rich soil 

or sand, sometimes very abundant, either in 

exposed or shaded habitats; rare on shaded, siliceous 

rocks. 

B Mar.: RRR, Camp.: AC, Mosan: RR, Ard., Lorr.: 

AC. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Di: 206, NL93: 45-46, NL97: 54, Coppins & van 

den Boom (1995: 89). 

oligotropha (J. R. Laundon) Coppins & P. James 

Syn.: Lecidea oligotropha J. R. Laundon, Saccomorpha 

oligotropha (J. R. Laundon) Clauzade & 

Cl. Roux 

Terricolous, on humus-rich soil or on old rotting 

stumps. 

B Camp.: AR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR 

(†1891). F Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La69: 84, 102, NL87: 23, Sé: 139. 

uliginosa (Schrad.) Coppins & P. James 

Syn.: Lecidea uliginosa (Schrad.) Ach., Saccomorpha 

uliginosa (Schrad.) Hafellner 

Terricolous, on detritus and humus-rich soil, or on 

dead or rotting bark. 

B Camp.: R, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 206, La69: 84, 102, Mü1: 143, Sé: 139. 

PLACYNTHIUM (Ach.) Gray 

hungaricum Gyeln. 

On exposed, hard calcareous rocks, often along cracks 

remaining moistened during longer periods. 



nigrum (Huds.) Gray 

Syn.: Lecothecium corallinoides (Hoffm.) Körb. 

On hard calcareous substrates (natural rocks, walls, 

concrete, etc.) submitted to periodic flushing. 

B Fl.: RR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AC, Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, Mü2: 197, NL84: 16, NL92: 173, NL97: 54. 

subradiatum (Nyl.) Arnold 

On vertical faces of exposed, hard calcareous rocks, 

mainly on surfaces submitted to periodic flushing. 

B Mosan: RR. L - . F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, L8, NL84: 16. 

tremniacum (A. Massal.) Jatta 

On hard calcareous rocks, mainly on surfaces submitted 

to periodic flushing. 



garovaglii (A. Massal.) Malme, syn. P. nigrum var. caesium 

auct. Reported from B by DG: 21, but no material seen. 

nigrum var. caesium auct., see P. garovaglii


PLATISMATIA W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

glauca (L.) W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

Syn.: Cetraria glauca (L.) Ach. 

Corticolous on old isolated trees (e. g. Fraxinus, 

Tilia) and in forests (on bark of almost all species, 

incl. exotic conifers), rarely on siliceous 

rocks, exceptionally on acidic soil. 

B Mar.: RRR, Camp.: R, Brab.: R, Mosan: AC, 

Ard.: C, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ho: 167, 223, 621, La66: 419-424, Qu: 122, 124- 

125, WS: 53-54, 106, Lambinon (1968b: 405), 

Schumacker (1965). 

PLECTOCARPON Fée 

*lichenum (Sommerf.) D. Hawksw., syn. Celidium stictarum 

Tul. Reported from L by Ko: 291, but no corresponding 

specimen has been seen. 

PLEOPSIDIUM Körb. 

chlorophanum (Wahlenb.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: Acarospora chlorophana (Wahlenb.) A. Massal. 

On natural, siliceous outcrops in dry, exposed 

underhangs. 


Lit.: L4: 20, Sé: 140. 

PLEOSPORA Ces. & De Not. 

*rufescentis Vouaux, see Dacampia rufescentis 

PLEUROSTICTA Petr. 

acetabulum (Neck.) Elix & Lumbsch 

Syn.: Parmelia acetabulum (Neck.) Duby 

Mainly on old roadside trees (e. g. on Fraxinus, Tilia 

and Ulmus) or in orchards and extensive pasture, 

also saxicolous on old gravestones or walls. 

B Mar.: C, Fl.: C, Camp.: AR, Brab.: AR, Mosan, 

Ard. (except Haute Ard.: R) and Lorr.: AC. L 

Ard.: AC, Lorr.: C. 


36-37, 74, Lambinon (1968b: 405). 

POETSCHIA Körb. 

+buellioides Körb. This non-lichenized fungus was reported 

from L Lorr. by Ko: 254 as a lichen; no relevant specimen 

has been seen. 

*talcophila (Flot.) Stein, see Karschia talcophila 

POLYBLASTIA A. Massal. 

The genus is poorly collected in the study area and 


albida Arnold 

On shaded, vertical, natural sandstone or tufa rocks, 

in or at the edge of forests. 

B - . L Lorr.: RR. Most probably overlooked. 

Lit.: L8. 

cupularis A. Massal. 

Syn.: P. intercedens (Nyl.) Lönnr. 

On natural, calcareous rocks, in rather humid and 



Lit.: BDL2: 44, NL87: 22. 

deminuta Arnold 

On natural, exposed, calcareous rocks. 


Lit.: NL84: 17. 

dermatodes A. Massal. 

On natural, exposed, calcareous rocks. 


Lit.: NL87: 22, NL97: 54. 

philaea Zschacke 

Terricolous, in Mesobromion and Xerobromion 

communities. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L6: 145, L8. 

allobata (Stizenb.) Zschacke, see Agonimia allobata 

+fallaciosa Arnold, see Julella fallaciosa 

intercedens (Nyl.) Lönnr., see P. cupularis 

pertusula (Nyl.) Zschacke, syn. Thelidium pertusulum (Nyl.) 

B. de Lesd. Reported from B Mosan by BDL2: 43-44 and 

Zschacke (1933: 434), but no material seen. A name of 

uncertain application, tentatively included in P. sepulta 

by Clauzade & Roux (1985: 622). 

sepulta A. Massal. Reported from B Mosan by BDL2: 44, 

but no material seen. See also P. pertusula. 

vouauxii B. de Lesd., see Agonimia vouauxii 

POLYCHIDIUM (Ach.) Gray 

muscicola (Sw.) Gray 

Syn.: Leptogium muscicolum (Sw.) Fr.


Terricolous over siliceous rocks, in moist and sheltered 

or exposed conditions. 

B Ard.: RR (


lectissima (Fr.) Zahlbr. 

On natural, siliceous rocks, on shaded, vertical surfaces, 

usually submitted to periodic flushing or 

spraying. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 15, La69: 98. 

leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) A. L. Sm. 

Syn.: Segestria leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) R. C. Harris 

Corticolous, on Acer, Carpinus, Cornus, Fagus and 

Quercus, also on twigs and leaves of Buxus, 

most common on smooth bark in shade. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 198, L3: 33, NL84: 17, NL92: 173, NL97: 54, Tholl 

et al. (1999), van den Boom & Sérusiaux (1996: 22). 

linearis (Leight.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: Trichothelium lineare (Leight.) R. C. Harris, 

Sagedia persicina Körb. 

Saxicolous on calcareous and sandstone rocks in 

shaded, sheltered habitats. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 


carpinea (Pers.) Zahlbr., see P. aenea 

POROCYPHUS Körb. 

coccodes (Flot.) Körb. 

On siliceous and calcareous, natural outcrops and 

walls, usually in ruderal conditions. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. Most probably overlooked. 

Lit.: L8. 

rehmicus (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. 

On shaded or exposed, calcareous outcrops; also on 

a wall close to a river, almost at water level. 

Two distinct taxa might be involved: P. rehmicus 

s. s. with large ascospores (16-25 × 6-12 µm) and 

P. byssoides with smaller ones (10-16 × 6-9 µm). 

P. rehmicus s. s.: B - . L Lorr.: RRR. 

P. byssoides Hepp: B Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 28-29. 

byssoides Hepp, see P. rehmicus 

PORPIDIA Körb. 

Syn.: Huilia Zahlbr. 

The genus is widespread and locally common in the 

study area, but little studied. Several collections 

may represent additional taxa. 

albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Hertel & Knoph 

Syn.: Lecidea albocaerulescens auct., non (Wulfen) Ach. 

On siliceous rocks in sheltered conditions by a river 

(for the only recent specimen). 

B Ard.: RR (1963). L - . F Ard.: RRR (


platycarpoides (Bagl.) Hertel 

On natural, siliceous outcrops, in humid and sheltered 

conditions, once found on slate debris. 

B Ard.: R. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8. 

soredizodes (Nyl.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: Lecidea soredizodes (Nyl.) Sandst. 

On siliceous rocks in natural and artificial (walls, 

rubbles and slates) habitats. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Most probably overlooked. 

Lit.: NL84: 17, NL87: 23, NL97: 54. 

tuberculosa (Sm.) Hertel & Knoph 

Syn.: Lecidea sorediza Nyl., L. tumida A. Massal. 

On siliceous rocks in natural and artificial (walls, 

rubbles and slates) habitats. 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 102, NL77: 21, NL92: 173, NL97: 54, Sé: 139. 

athroocarpa (Ach.) Hertel & Rambold, see Immersaria 

athroocarpa 

nigrocruenta (Anzi) Diederich & Sérus., see Porpidia 

macrocarpa 

speirea (Ach.) Kremp., syn. Lecidea speirea (Ach.) Ach. 

Reported from L Lorr. by Ko: 266, but no relevant 

specimen has been seen. 

PRONECTRIA Clem. 

Anamorphs: Acremonium (not observed in the 

study area) and Illosporium C. Mart. 

Two species of Pronectria known from the study 

area have recently been combined in Xenonectriella 

(Rossman et al. 1999: 169-170). We prefer 

to keep them provisionally in Pronectria 

until the whole genus has been critically reexamined. 

*Illosporium carneum Fr. 

Syn.: Aecidium peltigerae DC. 

On Peltigera species. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR (


cyclospora (Körb.) Poelt 

On hard, natural, calcareous rocks in dry and sunny 

conditions. 

B Mosan: AR. L - . 


incrustans (DC.) J. Steiner 

On hard, natural, calcareous rocks in dry and sunny 

conditions. 


Lit.: La69: 107, NL97: 54. 

rupestris (Scop.) J. Steiner 

Syn.: Biatora rupestris (Scop.) Fr. 

On natural, calcareous outcrops and in artificial 

habitats (walls, concrete, etc.), also on pebbles in 

Xerobromion communities. 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: R, Mosan: AC, 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, La69: 107, Mü1: 156, NL77: 23, NL84: 17, 

NL92: 173, NL93: 46, NL97: 54, Hoffmann & Van 

Rompu (1995), Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

chondrodes (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., see Clauzadea chondrodes 

immersa (Hoffm.) J. Steiner, see Clauzadea immersa 

metzleri (Körb.) J. Steiner, see Clauzadea metzleri 

monticola (Schaer.) J. Steiner, see Clauzadea monticola 

quernea (Dicks.) Clauzade, see Pyrrhospora quernea 

testacea (Hoffm.) Clauzade & Rondon, see Psora testacea 

PROTOPARMELIA Choisy 

(*)atriseda (Fr.) R. Sant. & V. Wirth 

On hard and rather exposed, siliceous rocks, always 

associated with Rhizocarpon geographicum. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L4: 23 (sub Lecanora nephaea), Sé: 142. 

badia (Hoffm.) Hafellner 

Syn.: Lecanora badia (Hoffm.) Ach. 

On hard and rather exposed, siliceous rocks, rarely 

on sandstone. 

B Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 151, NL92: 162, Sé: 139. 

hypotremella van Herk, Spier & V. Wirth 

On Quercus (roadside or scattered trees). 

B Mosan: RRR. L - . NL Camp.: RR. Most probably 

overlooked. 

Lit.: L8, Aptroot et al. (1997). 

nephaea (Sommerf.) R. Sant., syn. Lecanora nephaea 

Sommerf. The material published under this name (L4: 

23) belongs to Protoparmelia atriseda. 

Lecanora nitens (Pers.) Ach. Reported from B by DG: 33 and 

Vanek (1976), but no material seen. The species belongs to 

Protoparmelia, but has never been combined there. 

PROTOTHELENELLA Räsänen 

corrosa (Körb.) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

On shaded, natural, siliceous rocks. 


Lit.: L8. 

PSEUDEPHEBE M. Choisy 

pubescens (L.) M. Choisy, syn. Parmelia pubescens (L.) 

Vain. Reported by Mü4: 119 and Mü5: 53 as being present 

in Libert’s exsiccate (from B Ard.), but the relevant 

material (Libert, Pl. Crypt. Ard., Fasc. 1, no 18, LG) is a 

typical Polychidium muscicola. 

PSEUDEVERNIA Zopf 

furfuracea (L.) Zopf 

Syn.: Parmelia furfuracea (L.) Ach., Evernia furfuracea 

(L.) W. Mann, incl. Pseudevernia furfuracea 

var. ceratea (Ach.) D. Hawksw., syn. Evernia 

olivetorina Zopf 

In forests (mainly on Betula, Fagus and Quercus) 

and on isolated trees (e. g. Fraxinus, Tilia), most 

common on acid bark, incl. that of introduced 

conifers. 

B Mar.: RR, Camp.: R, Brab.: AR→ RR, Mosan: 

AR, Ard.: C, Lorr.: AC. L Ard.: C, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 124, Ho: 224, 622, La66: 393-404, WS: 54-56, 

107-108. 

PSEUDOPARMELIA Lynge 

caperata (L.) Hale, see Flavoparmelia caperata 

PSEUDOROBILLARDA M. Morelet 

*peltigerae Diederich 

On Peltigera rufescens (in white necrotic areas of 

the upper thallus surface). 

B Mosan: RRR (type locality). L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 29-31.


PSILOLECHIA A. Massal. 

clavulifera (Nyl.) Coppins 

On natural, siliceous and sandstone rocks, or on 

roots, usually in dry underhangs or in shaded 

habitats. 


Lit.: L4: 29, NL92: 162. 

leprosa Coppins & Purvis 

Saxicolous, on walls contaminated by heavy metals 

(mainly Cu), often on brick, mainly in artificial, 

but also in natural habitats, on siliceous rocks 

enriched with Cu and Fe. 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: R, Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L - , 

probably more common, especially on walls. 

Lit.: L5: 37-38, NL84: 17, NL93: 46, Coppins & van den 

Boom (1995: 89). 

lucida (Ach.) M. Choisy 

Syn.: Biatora lucida (Ach.) Fr., Lecidea lucida 

(Ach.) Ach. 

Saxicolous, on siliceous and sandstone rocks, 

almost always in dry and sheltered conditions, in 

natural and artificial habitats, exceptionally on 

sand or roots of trees. 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: AR, 

Ard.: C, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: C, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 199, La69: 102, NL77: 21, NL84: 17, NL93: 46, 


(1994: 37). 

PSORA Hoffm. 

decipiens (Hedw.) Hoffm. 

Syn.: Lecidea decipiens (Hedw.) Ach. 

Terricolous in crevices of hard calcareous rocks 

and in Xerobromion communities, in dry and 

sunny conditions. 


Lit.: Ertz: 20, 27, La69: 103, 126, NL77: 21, NL84: 17. 

lurida (Ach.) DC. 

Syn.: Lecidea lurida (Ach.) DC. 

Terricolous in crevices of hard calcareous rocks, 

usually in dry and sunny conditions. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR. L - . F Mosan: RRR, 


Lit.: Ertz: 20, La69: 101, 103, 124, NL77: 21, NL84: 17, 

NL97: 54, John (1986: 55). 

testacea Hoffm. 

Syn.: Chrysopsora testacea (Hoffm.) Choisy, 

Lecidea testacea (Hoffm.) Ach., Protoblastenia 

testacea (Hoffm.) Clauzade & Rondon 

In crevices on dry and sunny, calcareous outcrops. 

B Mosan: R. L Distr. unknown: RRR (†


On calcareous or slightly schistose rocks, incl. on 

tufa, in shaded or periodically humid habitats. 

B Mosan: AR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

The material referred to this species in the study 

area might be heterogeneous. 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, NL97: 31-32. 

caesia (Nyl.) Forssell, see P. schaereri 

diffracta (Nyl.) Forssell. Reported erroneously from B 

Mosan (NL84: 17, as P. cf. diffracta), the corresponding 

specimen belonging to an unidentified cyanobacterial 

lichen (NL97: 31). 

tongletii B. de Lesd. Described from B Mosan by Bouly de 

Lesdain (1909: 174-175) (type locality), but no material 


PUNCTELIA Krog 

borreri (Sm.) Krog 

Syn.: Parmelia borreri (Sm.) Turner, P. borreri 

var. pseudoborreri (Asahina) Lambinon & Targé 

Corticolous, on isolated trees (Fraxinus, Salix or 

Ulmus). 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. Probably 

overlooked. 

Most herbarium specimens named P. borreri belong 

either to P. subrudecta or to P. ulophylla. 

Lit.: La66: 442-443, Targé & Lambinon (1965). 

subrudecta (Nyl.) Krog 

Syn.: Parmelia subrudecta Nyl., P. borreri auct. 

p. p., non (Sm.) Turner 

Mainly on old isolated trees, in orchards, on roadside 

or in pastures, rarely in forests or on slightly 

calcareous rocks in disused quarries or on road 

cuttings. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Camp.: AR, Brab.: C, Mosan: 

RR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Ca: 148-149, Ho: 192, La66: 441-442, NL84: 16, 

Qu: 110, 112, VGH: 114, WS: 43, 86, van Herk & 

Aptroot (in prep.). 

ulophylla (Ach.) van Herk & Aptroot, comb. ined. 

Syn.: Parmelia borreri var. ulophylla (Ach.) Nyl., 

P. borreri auct. p. p., non (Sm.) Turner 

Mainly on isolated trees, in orchards, on roadside or 

in pastures, rarely in forests, often occurring 

together with P. subrudecta. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: RRR, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RR, 

Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: R. F 

Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

The distinction of this species from P. subrudecta 

s. s. has been made recently and the exact 

distribution and ecology of both species in the 

area of study require further investigations. 

Lit.: van Herk & Aptroot (in prep.). 

stictica (Duby) Krog, syn. Parmelia stictica (Duby) Nyl. 


PYCNOTHELIA (Ach.) Dufour 

papillaria (Ehrh.) Dufour 

Syn.: Cladonia papillaria (Ehrh.) Hoffm. 

Terricolous on sand or humus-rich soil, formerly 

locally abundant in heathlands, also found once 

on soil contaminated with heavy metals by a 

disused mine. 

B Brab.: RRR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR (†1891). 

Lit.: La68: 74, La69: 85, 94, 130, Mü1: 144, Mü2: 196, 

Feltgen (1902: 173), Vanek (1976). 

PYRENIDIUM Nyl. 

*hetairizans (Leight.) Arnold 

On Staurothele fissa in a stream over siliceous rocks. 


Lit.: Molitor & Diederich (1997: 77). 

PYRENOCHAETA De Not. 

*xanthoriae Diederich 



Lit.: Di: 251, LF1: 318-319. 

PYRENOCOLLEMA Reinke 

chlorococcum Aptroot & van den Boom 

Terricolous, on zinc-contaminated soil, plant detritus 

and weathered wood in industrial wasteland. 

B Camp.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: Aptroot & van den Boom (1998). 

halodytes (Nyl.) R. C. Harris 

Syn.: Arthopyrenia halodytes (Nyl.) Arnold, A. kelpii 

Körb., Thelidium halodytes (Nyl.) Erichsen 

On artificial calcareous walls (incl. on bricks and 

mortar) and on Balanus in the littoral zone. 

B Mar.: R. L - . F Mar.: RR. 

Lit.: La69: 82, 98, Duvigneaud & Lambinon (1963: 27), 

Santesson (1939: 59). 

+saxicola (A. Massal.) Coppins, see Naetrocymbe saxicola


PYRENULA A. Massal. 

chlorospila Arnold 

Corticolous, mainly on Fraxinus. 

B Fl.: RR (†


B Mar.: AR, Fl.: AR, Brab.: AR (†? 1962), Mosan: 

AR, Ard.: AR-AC, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: 

AR. 

Until the early eighties, well-developed populations 

with exuberant specimens occurred throughout 

the S part of the study area. All these populations 

are now gone or in a very poor condition. 

Lit.: Ho: 231, L4: 20, La66: 450, WS: 57-58, 111. 

lacera (With.) J. R. Laundon 

Syn.: R. duriaei (De Not.) Bagl., R. evernioides 

auct., non Nyl. 

Corticolous on Ulmus, also on Populus and Salix. 

B Mar.: RR (†1954). L - . F Mar.: R (†1910). 


Lit.: BDL1: 88, L4: 20, La66: 453, Barkman (1990: 14), 

Delzenne-Van Haluwyn (1973: 111-112), Massart 

(1910: Phot. 281). 

pollinaria (Westr.) Ach. 

Syn.: R. intermedia auct., non (Nyl.) Nyl. 

Saxicolous, on dry and sheltered underhangs, either 

on calcareous or on siliceous rocks (incl. sandstone), 

rarely on walls. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: La66: 452, NL92: 173, NL97: 55, Diederich (1985a: 

25). 

thrausta (Ach.) Nyl. 

Ecology of the only known specimen unknown. 

B - . L Distr. unknown: RRR (†


Lit.: DG: 25, Mü1: 144, NL92: 162, Giralt & van den 

Boom (1996: 81). 

furfurosum H. Magn. & J. Poelt 

On siliceous rocks rich in heavy metals, either on 

natural outcrops or on slate debris. 

B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: Sé: 142-143. 

geminatum Körb. 

On exposed, siliceous rocks, either on natural outcrops 

or on artificial substrates (roof, wall). 

B Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 144, NL77: 23, NL92: 162. 

geographicum (L.) DC. subsp. geographicum 

Syn.: R. tinei (Tornab.) Runemark subsp. vulgare 

Runemark 

On exposed, siliceous rocks, either on natural outcrops 

or on artificial substrates. 

B Brab.: RRR (†


(*)trapeliicola Brand 

Lichenicolous on Trapelia coarctata, over siliceous 

rocks. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR (type locality). 

Lit.: L8. 

(*)viridiatrum (Wulfen) Körb. 

On natural, siliceous outcrops, initially parasitic on 

Aspicilia caesiocinerea. 

B Brab.: RRR (†


gennarii Bagl. 

Syn.: R. demissa auct., R. salina Degel., R. subexigua 

(Nyl.) H. Olivier 

On calcareous, natural and artificial substrates, incl. 

rocks, walls, mortar, particularly common in 

rather nutrient-enriched situations. 

B Mar., Fl.: C, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR. 

L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 157, NL84: 17, NL92: 162, NL93: 46, VGH: 

114, Giralt et al. (1997: 124-127). 

griseosoralifera Coppins 

Corticolous on neutral to basic bark of deciduous 

trees (Malus and Pyrus). 


Lit.: Di: 204-205, L5: 40-41, NL92: 173, Giralt et al. 

(1997: 127-128). 

immersa (Körb.) Arnold 

On dry and sunny, calcareous rocks, in natural 

conditions. 


Lit.: Ertz: 20, NL84: 17, NL97: 55, Giralt et al. (1997: 

128-129), Mayrhofer (1984: 423). 

interpolata (Stirt.) Sheard 

On vertical to slightly overhanging, siliceous rocks 

in a disused quarry. 


Lit.: L4: 30, L6: 145-146, NL92: 162-163 (specimen 

refers to R. sicula), Giralt et al. (1997: 129-130). 

lecanorina (A. Massal.) A. Massal. 

Syn.: R. ocellata (Hoffm.) Arnold 

On calcareous rocks in open habitats, mostly on 

horizontal or sloping surfaces, always in natural 

habitats. 


Lit.: Ertz: 20, NL84: 17, NL97: 55, Giralt et al. (1997: 

130-131), Mayrhofer (1984: 431). 

occulta (Körb.) Sheard 

On natural, siliceous outcrops, in slightly sheltered 

conditions. 


Lit.: Giralt et al. (1997: 131-132). 

oleae Bagl. 

Corticolous on Betula, Populus, etc., or on exotic 

conifers, and on decorticated wood; a mainly 

maritime species which occurs mostly in nutrientenriched 

or dusty locations. 

B Mar.: AR, Fl.: AR, Camp.: RR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

This species could represent corticolous populations 

of R. gennarii; this matter requires further studies. 


oxydata (A. Massal.) A. Massal. s. l. 

Syn.: R. discolor (Hepp) Arnold, incl. R. vezdae H. 

Mayrhofer 

Mostly on siliceous rocks along streams in moderately 

shaded and sheltered situations. 

B Mosan: RRR (1891), Ard.: RRR (1966). L Ard.: 

RR. 

Lit.: NL92: 163, Giralt et al. (1997: 134-136), Mayrhofer 

(1984: 448). 

pityrea Ropin & H. Mayrhofer 

On a dusty, decorticated part of an old Acer along a 

road. 

B Mosan: RRR. L - . Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: NL97: 32. 

pyrina (Ach.) Arnold 

Corticolous, on isolated trees, e. g. on Aesculus and 

Tilia. 

B Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 205, L5: 41, Mü1: 157 (B Ard.: to be checked), 

NL97: 55, Giralt et al. (1997: 137-138). 

sicula H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

On a vertical sandstone rock, in a sheltered and 

shaded, natural habitat. 



teichophila (Nyl.) Arnold 

On exposed, calcareous rocks in natural conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR (1962). L - . 

Outside of the study area, this species is also known 

from siliceous rocks, brick, mortar, etc. 


tunicata H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

On exposed, calcareous rocks, in natural habitats. 


Lit.: Giralt et al. (1997: 144-146), Mayrhofer (1984: 470). 

arenaria (Hepp) Arnold. This species was reported from B 

Ard. by Mü3: 47. It is not clear if this refers to R. 

badiella of which R. arenaria is a synonym, to R. 

teichophila (syn. R. arenaria auct.), or if it represents a 


atropallidula Arnold. Reported from B Mosan by BDL2: 39, 

but no material seen. A name of uncertain application. 

badiella (Nyl.) Th. Fr. The only report of this species from 

the study area (B Ard., L4: 30) is erroneous (fide Giralt et 

al. 1997: 104); the material most probably represents a 

still unidentified species. 

confragosa (Ach.) Körb. Reported from B by DG: 39 and 

from L Lorr. by Ko: 202, but no material seen. The species 

exists in D Ard. (Manderscheid). 

demissa auct., see R. gennarii


discolor (Hepp) Arnold, see R. oxydata 

exigua (Ach.) Gray. All specimens from B and L studied by 

Giralt et al. (1997) refer to R. oleae or R. gennarii. All 

specimens, except one, from GENT, identified as R. 

exigua (published in Ho: 234), belong to R. oleae. 

ocellata (Hoffm.) Arnold, see R. lecanorina 

salina Degel., see R. gennarii 

sophodes (Ach.) A. Massal. Reported from B by DG: 39, but 

no material seen. 

subexigua (Nyl.) H. Olivier, see R. gennarii 

vezdae H. Mayrhofer, see under R. oxydata 

RINODINELLA H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

dubyanoides (Hepp) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

Syn.: Buellia dubyanoides (Hepp) Müll. Arg. 

On hard calcareous rocks in dry and sunny conditions. 

B Mosan: RR. Probably overlooked. L - . 

Lit.: DG: 39, Mayrhofer (1984: 479). 

ROPALOSPORA A. Massal. 

viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg 

Syn.: Fuscidea viridis Tønsberg 

Corticolous, mainly on the smooth bark of Alnus, 

Carpinus, etc., in forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AC. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: AC. 

All the records are posterior to 1980. 

Lit.: Di: 105, L3: 32, NL84: 17. 

ROSELLINIELLA Vain. 

*cladoniae (Anzi) Matzer & Hafellner 

On Cladonia furcata subsp. subrangiformis. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L6: 146. 

*microthelia (Wallr.) Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner, comb. 

ined. 

Syn.: Guignardia microthelia (Wallr.) Keissl. 

On Trapelia coarctata and T. placodioides. 

B Fl.: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

ROSELLINIOPSIS Matzer & Hafellner 

*groedensis (Zopf) Matzer & Hafellner 

On Pertusaria corallina and P. lactea. 


Lit.: L8. 

*tartaricola (Nyl.) Matzer 

On Pertusaria hemisphaerica. 

B Mosan: RRR (1962), Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: 

RR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: L6: 146 (sub R. tropica), NL92: 163. 

*tropica Matzer & R. Sant. The specimens referred to R. 

tropica by L6: 146 all belong to R. tartaricola (see 

NL92: 163). 

SACCOMORPHA Elenkin, see Placynthiella 

SAGEDIA A. Massal. 

chlorotica (Ach.) A. Massal., see Porina chlorotica 

*marina Deakin, see Stigmidium marinum 

persicina Körb., see Porina linearis 

SAGEDIOPSIS (Sacc.) Vain. 

*barbara (Th. Fr.) R. Sant. & Triebel 

Syn.: Gongylia nadvornikii Servít 

On Porpidia glaucophaea. 

B - . L - . F Ard.: RRR (1966). 

Lit.: L6: 142. 

SAGIOLECHIA A. Massal. 

protuberans (Ach.) A. Massal. 

On vertical to horizontal surfaces of hard calcareous 

rocks in dry and rather shaded conditions. 

B Lorr.: RRR (1963). L - . 

Lit.: L6: 146. 

SARCOGYNE Flot. 

regularis Körb. 

Syn.: S. pruinosa auct., non (Ach.) Mudd, 

Biatorella pruinosa auct., non (Ach.) Mudd 

On calcareous, natural outcrops, and on walls and 

mortar in nitrophilous conditions. 

B Fl.: RRR, Brab.: R, Mosan: R, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: 

RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: AR. F Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, La68: 76, La69: 104, Mü1: 150, NL84: 17, 

NL92: 163, Hoffmann & Van Rompu (1995), 

Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37).


privigna (Ach.) A. Massal. Reported from B Ard. by Mü5: 42 

and from L by Ko: 269, but no specimen has been seen. 

pruinosa auct., non (Ach.) Mudd, see S. regularis 

simplex (Davies) Nyl., see Polysporina simplex 

SARCOPYRENIA Nyl. 

(*)gibba (Nyl.) Nyl. var. geisleri (Beckh.) Nav.-Ros. 

& Hladun 

Epilithic, on brick, stones, concrete posts, gravestones, 

etc., often over other lichens, always in artificial 

conditions. 

B Fl.: RR. L - . Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: L8, VGH: 114. 

SARCOSAGIUM A. Massal. 

campestre (Fr.) Poetsch & Schied. var. campestre 

On soil rich in iron, over mosses or on Peltigera, 

mainly in industrial wasteland. 

B - . L Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: L4: 30. 

campestre var. macrosporum Coppins & P. James 

On railway ballast. 


Lit.: L4: 31. 

SCHAERERIA Körb. 

cinereorufa (Schaer.) Th. Fr. 

On slate debris in old quarries. 

B Ard.: RR (but abundant in one of its two 

localities). L - . 

Lit.: Sé: 143. 

fuscocinerea (Nyl.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

Syn.: S. tenebrosa (Flot.) Hertel & Poelt, Lecidea 

tenebrosa Flot. 

On exposed, siliceous rocks and on slate debris in 

old quarries. 

B Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 151, NL77: 21, Sé: 139. 

tenebrosa (Flot.) Hertel & Poelt, see S. fuscocinerea 

SCHISMATOMMA A. Massal. 

decolorans (Sm.) Clauzade & Vězda 

Generally corticolous, almost always on old 

Quercus trees in rather shaded conditions, also 

on Populus and on ‘bark’ of Hedera, once found 

on sandstone rock in forest. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: 

AR. 

Lit.: Di: 207-208, L3: 33, NL84: 17. 

umbrinum (Coppins & P. James) P. M. Jørg. & Tønsberg 

On a sandstone rock in shaded and humid conditions, 

and on an underhang of siliceous rocks by a small 

river. 


Lit.: L8, NL92: 163. 

SCLEROCOCCUM Fr. 

*epiphytorum Diederich 

On Pertusaria hemisphaerica. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR (type locality). 

Lit.: Di: 251, LF1: 320-323. 

*sphaerale (Ach.) Fr. 

On Pertusaria corallina. 


Lit.: LF0: 18, NL92: 174. 

SCLEROPHORA Chevall. 

nivea (Hoffm.) Tibell, syn. Coniocybe pallida (Pers.) Fr. 


SCOLICIOSPORUM A. Massal. 

chlorococcum (Stenh.) Vězda 

Syn.: Bacidia chlorococca (Stenh.) Lettau 

Corticolous, on all kinds of trees, also present on 

branches and needles of Picea. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AC. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: C. 

Lit.: Di: 208-209, NL92: 174. 

gallurae Vězda & Poelt 

On Salix and Sarothamnus in ruderal conditions. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR. 

The distinction between this species and S. 

sarothamni requires further studies. 

Lit.: NL84: 17, NL92: 163-164, van den Boom & 

Sérusiaux (1996: 22).


pruinosum (P. James) Vězda 

Corticolous, on Fagus and Quercus, in dry and 

shaded situations in forest. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 209-210, L4: 31, NL84: 17, NL92: 174. 

sarothamni (Vain.) Vězda 

On Calluna and Vaccinium in heaths, also on 

Sambucus. 


See comments under S. gallurae. 

Lit.: NL92: 163-164, Sé: 143. 

umbrinum (Ach.) Arnold 

Syn.: Bacidia umbrina (Ach.) Bausch 

Most commonly saxicolous on siliceous, natural 

outcrops, also corticolous, in polluted areas, on 

bark rich in dust. 

B Fl.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: 

AR (C as an epiphyte in the SW part, absent 

elsewhere). 

Lit.: Di: 210, NL84: 17, NL87: 23, NL92: 174, VGH: 


curvatum Sérus. This species has not been found in the 

study area, but is recorded from a locality in D Ard. so 

close to the Belgian border that its presence in it is most 

probable. In this locality it is foliicolous, on needles of 

Picea, in a shaded and humid plantation (L7: 89). 

SCUTULA Tul. 

Anamorph: Libertiella Speg. & Roum. 

Although the two Libertiella species mentioned 

below have not been connected with certainty to 

a species of Scutula, they are here considered to 

be Scutula anamorphs. 

(*)dedicata Triebel, Wedin & Rambold 

On Peltigera didactyla. 

B Lorr.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L5: 41 (sub ‘S. heerii’), Triebel et al. (1997: 327). 

*Libertiella didymospora D. Hawksw. & Miądlikowska 

On the lower surface of the thallus of Peltigera 

rufescens. 


Lit.: NL97: 24. 

*Libertiella malmedyensis Speg. & Roum. 

On the thallus (mainly the lower side) of Peltigera 

didactyla. 

B Ard.: RRR (1880) (type locality). L - . 

Lit.: Hawskworth (1981: 30-33). 

*episema (Nyl.) Zopf, see Toninia episema 

(*)heerii (Hepp) Trevis. Reported from B by L5: 41, but the 

corresponding specimen belongs to the recently 

described S. dedicata. 

SEGESTRIA Fr. 

leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) R. C. Harris, see Porina leptalea 

SKYTTEA Sherwood, D. Hawksw. & Coppins 

*buelliae Sherwood, D. Hawksw. & Coppins 

On Buellia punctata. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: RRR. L - . Most probably 

overlooked and much more common. 

Lit.: Diederich & Etayo (in prep). 

*hawksworthii Diederich 

On Verrucaria. 


Lit.: LF0: 14-16. 

*nitschkei (Körb.) Sherwood, D. Hawksw. & Coppins 

On Thelotrema lepadinum, only in ancient woodlands 

with a long historical continuity. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Lorr.: RR (near Berdorf). 

Lit.: Di: 211-212, LF0: 16. 

*acrocordiae Diederich, see Unguiculariopsis acrocordiae 

*lesdainii (Vouaux) W. Y. Zhuang & Korf, see Unguiculariopsis 

lesdainii 

SOLENOPSORA A. Massal. 

candicans (Dicks.) J. Steiner 


always on natural outcrops. 

B Mosan: AR. L Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. F Lorr. 

(Moselle): RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, La69: 85, 105, NL77: 23, NL97: 55. 

SOLORINA Ach. 

saccata (L.) Ach. 

Terricolous on calcareous rocks, usually in crevices 

and always in sheltered conditions. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR (restricted to the Malmédy 

conglomerate), Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: R 

(extinct ?). 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, La66: 238-239, Mü1: 142, NL77: 23, 

NL97: 55, Diederich (1985a: 25).


SPHAERELLOTHECIUM Zopf 

*cladoniicola E. S. Hansen & Alstrup 

On Cladina arbuscula subsp. squarrosa. 

B Brab.: RRR (1888). L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

*coniodes (Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Diederich 

Syn.: Pharcidia coniodes Nyl. 

On Baeomyces rufus. 


Lit.: NL92: 161, Roux & Triebel (1994: 527-529). 

*propinquellum (Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Triebel 

On Lecanora subcarpinea. 


Lit.: Di: 215 (sub Stigmidium schaereri), L6: 148, Roux 

& Triebel (1994: 530-533). 

*araneosum (Arnold) Zopf. The material from the study 

area referred to this taxon (L6: 147) is now assigned to 

Lichenostigma cosmopolites (see under that species). The 

genuine S. araneosum, a fungus confined to Ochrolechia, 

Pertusaria and Varicellaria, is not known from this area. 

SPHAEROPHORUS Pers. 

fragilis (L.) Pers. 

Saxicolous on natural, siliceous rocks, in rather 


B Ard.: RRR (1989). L Lorr.: RRR (†

SPILONEMA Bornet 


paradoxum Bornet. Reported from B by DG: 19, but no 


SQUAMARINA Poelt 

cartilaginea (With.) P. James 

Syn.: S. crassa (Huds.) Poelt, Lecanora crassa 

(Huds.) Ach., Placodium crassum (Huds.) Th. 

Fr., Psoroma crassum (Huds.) Gray 

Terricolous or saxicolous on calcareous, natural 

outcrops, in dry and sunny conditions. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR (common in suitable 

localities), Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RRR 

(†


B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. F 

Lorr.: RRR. Probably overlooked and widespread. 

Lit.: Di: 213-214, L2: 97-98, NL84: 17. 

+byssacea (Fr.) Körb., see S. pullatula 

STEREOCAULON Hoffm. 

condensatum Hoffm. 

On dry soil, on sand or on highly disintegrated, siliceous 

rocks. 

B Camp.: RR (1984), Mosan: RR (†1984), Ard.: 

RR. L - . 

Lit.: La66: 326-328, Asperges (1985a), Lambinon & 

Sérusiaux (1985a: 82-83). 

dactylophyllum Flörke 

Syn.: S. coralloides Fr. 

On siliceous rocks, in natural habitats or on slate 

debris in disused quarries, incl. on rock debris 

contaminated with heavy metals. 

B Mosan: RRR (1984), Ard.: AR. L - . 

Lit.: La66: 336-338, Lambinon & Sérusiaux (1985a: 83- 

85). 

evolutum Graewe 

On siliceous outcrops, in natural conditions. 

B Ard.: RRR. L - . F Ard.: RRR. 

Only two localities are known, both in the western 

part of the Ard. district. 

Lit.: L5: 42, La66: 334-335, Lambinon & Sérusiaux 

(1985a: 85). 

nanodes Tuck. 

Syn.: S. nanodes f. tiroliense (Nyl.) I. M. Lamb, S. 

tyroliense (Nyl.) Lettau 

On siliceous rocks or on rock debris contaminated 

with heavy metals, incl. in industrial wasteland 

and on railway ballast. 

B Camp.: RR, Mosan: R, Ard.: R. L - . 

Lit.: La66: 320-324, NL77: 23, NL97: 56, Lambinon 

(1964a), Lambinon & Sérusiaux (1985a: 85-86). 

pileatum Ach. 

On siliceous rocks in natural conditions, once found 

on railway ballast. 

B Ard.: R. L - . 

Lit.: La66: 324-326, NL97: 56, Lambinon & Sérusiaux 

(1985a: 86). 

saxatile H. Magn. 

On dry soil, on sand or on highly disintegrated siliceous 

rocks. 

B Camp. or Fl.: RR (†


sylvatica (Huds.) Ach. 

On siliceous (incl. sandstone), natural outcrops, often 

over mosses. 

B Ard.: R (†1923). L Ard.: RRR (†1890), Lorr.: R 

(†


calcarea Bricaud & Cl. Roux 

On shaded, calcareous, natural outcrops. 


Lit.: Ertz: 20, 28. 

jamesii (Swinscow) R. C. Harris 

Corticolous, on Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus, Quercus 

and Sorbus, in forests or on isolated trees. 

B Mosan: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L3: 33 (sub S. affinis), L7: 84, NL92: 164, Tholl et 

al. (1999). 

taylorii (Nyl.) R. C. Harris 

Corticolous, on Aesculus, or saxicolous, on tufa, in 

open or shaded conditions. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L7: 89. 

sychnogonoides (Nitschke) R. C. Harris, syn. Geisleria 

sychnogonoides Nitschke. This species is not known 

from the study area, but has been collected in NL Camp.: 

RR close to the Belgian border, where it is terricolous in 

wasted grassland along industrial area, and in heathlands, 

on sandy soil (L6: 141-142). It probably occurs in similar 

habitats in Belgium. 

SYNALISSA Fr. 

symphorea (Ach.) Nyl. 

Syn.: S. ramulosa auct. 

In crevices of hard calcareous rocks, sometimes 

overgrowing species like Psora lurida, always in 

natural conditions. 

B Mosan: AR. L - . F Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 20, La69: 101, NL77: 23, NL84: 17, NL97: 56, 

John (1990a: 245, 1990b: 225). 

ramulosa auct., see S. symphorea 

SYNECHOBLASTUS Trevis., see Collema 

SYZYGOSPORA G. W. Martin 

*bachmannii Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

On Cladonia coniocraea and C. furcata subsp. 

subrangiformis. 

B Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: RRR (type locality). 

Lit.: Diederich (1996: 30-35). 

*physciacearum Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

On Physcia tenella on Salix and Sambucus. 

B Mar.: RRR, Mosan: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: NL97: 34. 

TAENIOLELLA S. Hughes 

*beschiana Diederich 

On squamules of the primary thallus of Cladonia 

chlorophaea and C. pyxidata. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR (type locality). 

Lit.: Diederich (1992: 156-158). 

*chrysothricis Diederich 

On Chrysothrix candelaris. 


Lit.: Di: 252, LF1: 323-326. 

*delicata M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

On Candelariella xanthostigma, Diploschistes 

scruposus, Lecanora carpinea, L. saligna, 

Lecidella elaeochroma, Opegrapha vermicellifera 

and Ropalospora viridis. 

B Lorr.: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

The material included under this name is most 

probably heterogeneous. 

Lit.: Di: 252-253, LF0: 18, NL97: 56. 

*phaeophysciae D. Hawksw. 

On Phaeophyscia orbicularis. 

B Fl.: RR, Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Di: 153, L1: 8, LF0: 19. 

*punctata M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

On Graphis scripta. 

B Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AC. 

Lit.: Di: 253-254, LF0: 19, NL97: 56. 

*trapeliopseos Diederich 

On Trapeliopsis flexuosa. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR (type locality). 

Lit.: Di: 254, LF1: 326-329. 

TAENIOLINA M. B. Ellis 

*scripta (P. Karst.) P. M. Kirk 

On Lepraria incana. 


Lit.: Di: 254-255, L5: 42. 

TELOGALLA Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner ined. 

*olivieri (Vouaux) Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner, comb. ined. 

Syn.: Guignardia olivieri (Vouaux) Sacc. 


B - . L Distr. unknown: RRR (†


TELOSCHISTES Norman 

chrysophthalmus (L.) Th. Fr. 

On well-lit twigs in sunny situations. 

B Mar.: RRR (†


calcareum var. belgicum (Hue) Zahlbr., syn. Verrucaria 

calcivora Nyl. var. belgica Hue. Described from B 

Mosan (type locality) by Hue (1898), but no material 


dionantense var. lecideiforme (Hue) Zahlbr., syn. Verrucaria 

dionantensis Hue var. lecideiformis Hue. Described 

from B Mosan (type locality) by Hue (1898) (see also 

Zschacke 1933: 379), but no material seen. A name of 

uncertain application. 

erichsenii Keissl., see Normandina acroglypta 

flandricum B. de Lesd. Described from F Fl. (type locality) 

(see also Zschacke 1933: 365), but no material seen. A 


halodytes (Nyl.) Erichsen, see Pyrenocollema halodytes 

immersum (Leight.) Mudd, see T. decipiens 

leightonii M. Choisy, see T. decipiens 

margaceum (Leight.) Zschacke, see T. minutulum 

mesotropum (Nyl.) A. L. Sm., see T. minutulum 

pertusulum (Nyl.) B. de Lesd., see Polyblastia pertusula 

pyrenophorum (Ach.) Mudd. Reported from B Mosan by 

BDL2: 44, but no material seen. 

spadanum B. de Lesd. Described from B Ard. (type locality) 

by BDL2: 43 (see also Zschacke 1933: 365-366), but no 


tongletii (Hue) Zahlbr., syn. Verrucaria tongletii Hue. 

Described from B Mosan (type locality) by Hue (1898) 

(see also Zschacke 1933: 379), but no material seen. A 


THELOCARPON Hue 

coccosporum Lettau 

On an exposed, horizontal surface of a sandstone 

rock, in natural conditions. 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR (near Luxembourg). 

Lit.: L8. 

depressellum Vain. 

On an exposed, sandstone rock, in natural conditions. 

B - . L Lorr.: RRR (near Berdorf). 

Lit.: L8. 

*epibolum Nyl. 

On an old thallus of Peltigera, and on plant detritus. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RR. L Lorr.: ?RR. 

The identity of both Luxembourg collections 

referred to this species is not entirely certain, as 

the asci were immature, without ascospores. 

Lit.: Di: 219, L4: 33, NL97: 56. 

intermediellum Nyl. 

Syn.: T. intermixtulum Nyl. 

On decorticated wood of Quercus. 


Lit.: Di: 219-221, L4: 31. 

laureri (Flot.) Nyl. 

On burnt Pinus wood and Molinia stump in heathland. 

B Camp.: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

lichenicola (Fuckel) Poelt & Hafellner 

On soil and bryophytes in well-lit situations. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 42. 

strasseri Zahlbr. 

On rotting trunk lying in forest. 


Lit.: L8. 

intermixtulum Nyl., see T. intermediellum 

THELOMMA A. Massal. 

ocellatum (Körb.) Tibell 

Lignicolous, on the top of a fence post. 


Lit.: L7: 90. 

THELOTREMA Ach. 

lepadinum (Ach.) Ach. 

Corticolous, mainly on Carpinus, Fagus and 

Quercus in humid and well-preserved forests. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 221, Vanek (1976). 

THERMUTIS Fr. 

velutina (Ach.) Flot. This species was mentioned from B 

Ard. by Mü5: 25 on a wooden fence; this report is most 

dubious, as the species is always saxicolous. 

THROMBIUM Wallr. 

epigaeum (Pers.) Wallr. 

On soil in ruderal conditions or over siliceous rocks. 

B Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 42-43, NL97: 56.

THYREA A. Massal. 


confusa Henssen 

Syn.: T. pulvinata auct., non (Schaer.) A. Massal., 

incl. f. canaliculata Tonglet 

On hard calcareous rocks in sunny conditions, but 


B Mosan: R (type locality of f. canaliculata) (locally 

abundant near Dinant). L - . 

Lit.: DG: 20, Ertz: 20, La69: 101, NL84: 17, Tonglet 

(1898: 18). 

girardii (Durieu & Mont.) Bagl. & Carestia 

On hard calcareous rocks in sunny conditions, but 


B - . L - . F Mosan: RRR. 

The identity of the populations referred to this species 


Lit.: Clauzade & Roux (1985: 747). 

pulvinata auct., non (Schaer.) A. Massal., see T. confusa 

TICHOTHECIUM Flot. 

*arnoldii (Hepp) A. Massal., see Polycoccum arnoldii 

*gemmiferum auct., see Endococcus propinquus 

*pygmaeum Körb., see Muellerella pygmaea 

TOMASELLIA A. Massal. 

gelatinosa (Chevall.) Zahlbr. 

On smooth bark of Carpinus in a forest. 


Lit.: Di: 222, L5: 43. 

TONINIA A. Massal. 

Syn.: Thalloidima A. Massal., nom. rej. prop. 

aromatica (Sm.) A. Massal. 

On calcareous, natural rocks or walls, often on soil 

in crevices or fissures. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: 

RR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 25, Ertz: 20, La69: 126, NL84: 17, NL92: 164, 

Timdal (1991: 41). 

athallina (Hepp) Timdal 

On hard calcareous, natural outcrops. 


Lit.: NL97: 34-35. 

candida (Weber) Th. Fr. 

On natural, hard calcareous rocks, in dry and sunny 

conditions. 


Lit.: DG: 25, Ertz: 20, 28, La69: 126, NL97: 56. 

*episema (Nyl.) Timdal 

Syn.: Catillaria episema (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Kiliasia 

episema (Nyl.) Hafellner, Scutula episema (Nyl.) 

Zopf 

On Aspicilia calcarea over hard calcareous rocks. 

B Mosan: RR. L - . F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 21. 

philippea (Mont.) Timdal 

On hard calcareous rocks in a Xerobromion 

community. 


Lit.: NL97: 35. 

sedifolia (Scop.) Timdal 

Syn.: Toninia caeruleonigricans auct., non (Lightf.) 

Th. Fr. (‘coeruleonigricans’ is an orthographic 

variant), Thalloidima caeruleonigricans auct. 

In fissures or on highly disintegrated natural, calcareous 

rocks, also in Mesobromion communities, 

usually in dry and sunny conditions. 

B Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR. L Lorr.: R. F Mar.: 

RRR (1910), Mosan: RR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: BDL1: 211, Ertz: 20, La69: 126, NL84: 17, NL97: 56. 

tumidula (Sm.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: T. mamillaris (Fr.) Th. Fr. 

On natural, hard calcareous rocks, in dry and sunny 

conditions. 

B Mosan: AR. L - . F Mosan: RR. 


(*)verrucarioides (Nyl.) Timdal 

Syn.: T. kolax Poelt 

Lichenicolous lichen, on Placynthium hungaricum, 

P. nigrum and P. tremniacum, always on hard 

calcareous, natural outcrops. 


Lit.: L6: 148, NL84: 18, NL97: 56. 

caeruleonigricans auct., non (Lightf.) Th. Fr., see T. sedifolia 

‘coeruleonigricans’, see T. sedifolia 

conglomerata (Ach.) Boistel, see Psorina conglomerata 

(*)kolax Poelt, see T. verrucarioides 

mamillaris (Fr.) Th. Fr., see T. tumidula 

syncomista (Flörke) Th. Fr., see Mycobilimbia lobulata


TRACHYLIA Fr. 

arthonioides (Ach.) Fr., see Arthonia arthonioides 

TRAPELIA M. Choisy 

coarctata (Sm.) M. Choisy 

Syn.: Lecanora coarctata (Sm.) Ach., Lecidea 

coarctata (Sm.) Nyl. 

On siliceous rocks, in natural and artificial habitats, also 

on pebbles, locally abundant on railway ballast. 

B Camp.: AC, Mosan: AR, Ard.: AR-AC, Lorr.: 

AR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 143, NL84: 18, NL92: 174, Sé: 144, Coppins 

& van den Boom (1995: 89). 

corticola Coppins & P. James 

Corticolous on acid bark, usually along streams or 

in sheltered forests. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Di: 222-223, L3: 33-34, NL84: 18, NL97: 56. 

involuta (Taylor) Hertel 

On siliceous rocks, in natural and artificial habitats. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. 

Overlooked ? 

Lit.: NL77: 23, NL84: 18, Sé: 139, 144, Hertel (1973: 

511). 

obtegens (Th. Fr.) Hertel 

On siliceous rocks in natural and artificial habitats, 

rarely on wood. 

B Camp: R, Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr.: RR. Most probably overlooked. 

Lit.: NL77: 23, NL84: 18, NL87: 23, NL92: 164, Sé: 

144, Coppins & van den Boom (1995: 89). 

placodioides Coppins & P. James 

Saxicolous, on siliceous and sandstone rocks, able 

to colonize highly artificial habitats like rusted 

iron of old rails. 

B Fl.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RRR, 

Lorr.: RR. F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L4: 31-32, NL92: 174, NL97: 56. 

TRAPELIOPSIS Hertel & Gotth. Schneider 

flexuosa (Fr.) Coppins & P. James 

Syn.: Biatora flexuosa Fr., Lecidea aeruginosa 

Borrer, L. sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr. 

Mainly lignicolous, on fence posts or rotting wood, 

also corticolous, rarely saxicolous on sandstone 

rocks, or terricolous over peaty or humus-rich soil. 

B Mar.: RRR, Fl.: RR, Camp.: RRR, Mosan: RR, 

Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 224-225, Ho: 167, 236, 627, NL84: 18. 

gelatinosa (Flörke) Coppins & P. James 

On humus-rich soil in forest, once corticolous on 

Tilia. 

B Ard.: AR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L4: 32, NL92: 165, NL97: 57. 

granulosa (Hoffm.) Lumbsch 

Syn.: Lecidea granulosa (Hoffm.) Ach. 

On acid soil, usually over mosses or plant debris, 

also on rotting wood, abundant in heathlands and 

disused quarries of siliceous rocks. 

B Camp.: AC, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: AR, Ard. C, 

Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ba: 9, Di: 225, Ho: 218, 237, 627, Mü1: 143, NL77: 

21, NL84: 18, Coppins & van den Boom (1995: 89). 

percrenata (Nyl.) Gotth. Schneider 

Over mosses and plant debris in a peatbog, and on 

rotting bark of Quercus. 


Lit.: L4: 32. 

pseudogranulosa Coppins & P. James 

On acid and humid soil, or more commonly on dying 

mosses and plant debris on soil, also often on 

decorticated wood or on the bark of various 

trees. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: C, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: C, Lorr.: 

AR. 

Lit.: Di: 225-226, L4: 32, NL84: 18, NL97: 57. 

aeneofusca (Flot.) Coppins & P. James, syn. Lecidea 

aeneofusca (Flot.) Flörke. Reported from B by DG: 24, 


viridescens (Schrad.) Coppins & P. James, syn. Biatora 

viridescens (Schrad.) Körb., Lecidea viridescens 

(Schrad.) Ach. Reported from B by DG: 24 and from L 

by Ko: 245, but no material seen. 

wallrothii (Spreng.) Hertel & Gotth. Schneider, syn. Biatora 

wallrothii (Spreng.) Körb. Reported from L Lorr. by Ko: 

244, but no specimen seen. 

TREMELLA Pers. 

*Lindauopsis caloplacae Zahlbr. 

Syn.: Tremella sp. 1 (see Diederich 1996) 

On Caloplaca sp. [type specimen of C. lactea f. 

ostreaeseda (Harm.) Zahlbr.]. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RRR (1906). 

Lit.: Navarro-Rosinés & Hladun (1996: 164).


*candelariellae Diederich & Etayo 

On Candelariella aurella, C. vitellina and C. xanthostigma 

(saxicolous, terricolous and corticolous). 

B - . L Ard.: RRR (type locality), Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Diederich (1996: 52-55). 

*cladoniae Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

On Cladonia species, especially C. coniocraea, C. 

ochrochlora and C. parasitica. 

B Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Diederich (1996: 65-69). 

*hypogymniae Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

On Hypogymnia physodes. 

B - , overlooked. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Diederich (1996: 90-95). 

*lichenicola Diederich 

On Mycoblastus fucatus. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: AC (but absent in the southern part) (type 

locality). 

Lit.: Di: 233, LF0: 2-5, NL97: 57, Diederich (1996: 97- 

103). 

*pertusariae Diederich 

On Pertusaria hymenea. 


Lit.: NL97: 57, Diederich (1996: 133-136), Tholl et al. 

(1999). 

*phaeophysciae Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

On Phaeophyscia orbicularis. 

B Fl.: RRR, Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Diederich (1996: 142-146). 

*coppinsii Diederich & G. Marson. Reported from L on the 

thallus of Evernia prunastri by Di: 232, but the corresponding 

material belongs to another non-identified fungus 

(Diederich 1996: 74). 

TREMOLECIA Choisy 

atrata (Ach.) Hertel 

Syn.: Lecidea atrata (Ach.) Wahlenb., Lecidea 

dicksonii auct., non (J. F. Gmel.) Ach. 


B Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L8, Mü1: 143. 

TRICHONECTRIA Kirschst. 

Anamorphs: Acremonium Link and Cylindrocarpon 

Wollenw. 

*hirta (Bloxam) Petch 

Anamorph: an unnamed Cylindrocarpon 

On epiphytic lichens, mainly Scoliciosporum 

chlorococcum and S. umbrinum. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: RRR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 226-227, L5: 43, Rossman (1983: 78). 

*rubefaciens (Ellis & Everh.) Diederich & Schroers 

Syn.: Nectria rubefaciens Ellis & Everh. 

Anamorph: Acremonium rhabdosporum W. Gams 

On dying, corticolous thalli of Parmelia saxatilis 

and P. sulcata in humid forests. 

B - . L Lorr.: R, probably more common. 

Lit.: Di: 168-169, 237, L5: 5-6, 31, L8, Lowen (1995: 91-93). 

TRICHOTHELIUM Müll. Arg. 

aeneum (Wallr.) R. C. Harris, see Porina aenea 

chloroticum (Ach.) R. C. Harris, see Porina chlorotica 

lineare (Leight.) R. C. Harris, see Porina linearis 

TRIMMATOSTROMA Corda 

*lichenicola M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

On Candelariella vitellina (apothecia) and Pleurosticta 

acetabulum (thallus). 


Lit.: L7: 90, L8. 

TRIMMATOTHELE Norman 

maritima (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: Lesdainea maritima B. de Lesd., incl. var. 

nigricans B. de Lesd. 

On marl and brick in dunes. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RR (1910) (type locality). 

Lit.: BDL1: 259-260. 

TUCKERMANNOPSIS Gyeln. 

chlorophylla (Willd.) Hale 

Syn.: Cetraria chlorophylla (Willd.) Vain. 

Mainly on roadside trees (e. g. Fraxinus, Tilia), 

also rarely found on Quercus in rather dry and 

open forests, exceptionally saxicolous, on 

shaded, siliceous rocks. 

B Camp.: R, Brab.: RRR, Mosan: R, Ard.: AR, 

Lorr.: RR. L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ba: 8, L4: 19, La66: 415-419, Mü1: 154, WS: 32- 

33, 67, Lambinon (1968b: Schumacker (1965).


sepincola (Ehrh.) Hale 

Syn.: Cetraria sepincola (Ehrh.) Ach. 

On thin branches of Betula, always in humid and 

sheltered conditions, once on a fence post. 

B Ard.: AR→ R (mainly Haute Ard.), Lorr.: R 

(†1989). L Ard.: RRR (1981), Lorr.: RRR (†1966). 

Lit.: L4: 19, La66: 412-415, Mü1: 154, WS: 33, 68, 

Diederich (1985a: 21-22), Lambinon (1968b: 406), 

Schumacker (1965). 

hepatizon (Ach.) Kurok., syn. Parmelia fahlunensis auct., 

Cetraria hepatizon (Ach.) Vain. The ancient report of 

this species from L is not sustained by any relevant 

specimens (La66: 405-406) and most probably represents 


UMBILICARIA Hoffm. 

Syn.: Gyrophora Ach. 

deusta (L.) Baumg. 

On siliceous, usually humid rocks, in natural and 

artificial habitats. 

B Ard.: AR. L - . 

Lit.: La66: 342-345, Schl: 156, 217 (the ancient report 

from L Lorr. is almost surely a misidentification for 

U. polyphylla) . 

grisea Hoffm. 

Syn.: U. murina (Ach.) DC. 

On exposed, natural outcrops of siliceous rocks. 

B Ard.: R. L - . F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: La66: 348-351, NL77: 23. 

hirsuta (Westr.) Hoffm. 

On exposed, natural outcrops of siliceous rocks and 

on slate debris in old quarries. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR. L - . F Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: La66: 351-354, La69: 145-146, NL77: 23. 

polyphylla (L.) Baumg. 

On exposed, natural outcrops of siliceous and 

sandstone rocks, and on slate debris in old 

quarries. 

B Mosan: RRR, Ard.: AR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: La66: 345-348, NL77: 23, Diederich (1985a: 26). 

polyrrhiza (L.) Fr. 

On natural outcrops of siliceous rocks. 

B - . L - . F Ard.: RRR. D Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L8, NL99, Müller (1949: 18). 

cylindrica (L.) Duby. Old records from B and L cannot be 

confirmed for lack of relevant material; the occurrence of 

this species in the study area is very doubtful (La66: 341- 

342). 

murina (Ach.) DC., see U. grisea 

pustulata (L.) Hoffm., see Lasallia pustulata 

vellea (L.) Hoffm. This species has not been found in the 

study area, but is recorded from a locality in D so close to 

the Belgian border that its presence in it is possible 

(La66: 341-342, Müller 1949: 18). It has been found on 

natural outcrops of siliceous rocks. 

UNGUICULARIOPSIS Rehm 

*acrocordiae (Diederich) Diederich & Etayo, comb. ined. 

Syn.: Skyttea acrocordiae Diederich 

On Acrocordia gemmata. 

B Lorr.: RRR (type locality). L - . 

Lit.: LF0: 12-14, Diederich & Etayo (in prep.). 

*lesdainii (Vouaux) Etayo & Diederich, comb. ined. 

Syn.: Mollisia lesdainii (Vouaux) Vouaux, Nesolechia 

lesdainii Vouaux, Skyttea lesdainii (Vouaux) W. Y. 

Zhuang & Korf 

On Lecanora saligna. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RR (


B Brab.: RR (†


extensa Vain. The specimens reported by La69: 164 are 

those published as U. wasmuthii by La66: 459-460; they 

refer either to U. madeirensis or to U. subfloridana. 

inflata (Duby) Motyka, see U. cornuta 

intexta Stirt., see U. cornuta 

muricata auct., ?non Motyka, see U. filipendula 

plicata (L.) Wigg. The report of this species from L by Ko: 

102 is not supported by any herbarium material, and is 

therefore doubtful. 

rubiginea auct., non (Michx.) A. Massal., see U. rubicunda 

subcornuta Stirt. Once reported from B Mar. (on sand 

dunes) (La66: 455), but no material seen. The occurrence 

of this species in the study area is very doubtful (L8), as 

the species does not occur in Europe (Nimis 1993: 730). 

VERRUCARIA Schrad. 

Syn.: Lithoicea Gray p. p. 

This genus is still poorly known in the study area. 

Many taxa are just known from literature records 

and have not been checked by us. The taxonomic 

status of several species still requires further 

studies. 

aethiobola Wahlenb. 

On siliceous rocks frequently immersed, often in 

streams. 

B Ard.: AR. L Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: BDL3: 34, La69: 98. 

aquatilis Mudd 

On siliceous or sandstone, rarely calcareous rocks 

or stones, always in streams. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 140, NL77: 23, NL84: 18, NL87: 23, Molitor 

& Diederich (1997: 81-82). 

arduennica Zschacke 

On calcareous rocks. 

B Mosan: RRR (


elaeomelaena (A. Massal.) Arnold 

On calcareous and sandstone rocks or stones in streams. 

B - . L Lorr.: R. F Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: BDL3: 35, La69: 98, Molitor & Diederich (1997: 

82-83). 

foveolata (Flörke) A. Massal. 

Syn.: V. dolomitica (A. Massal.) Kremp., V. veronensis 

A. Massal. 

On exposed, calcareous, natural outcrops and on 

stones among grass. 

B Mosan: R. L - . F Mar.: RRR (1910). 

Lit.: DG: 14, NL84: 18, NL97: 57, Zschacke (1933: 68). 

funckii (Spreng.) Zahlbr. 

Syn.: V. silacea Servít 

On siliceous stones in a stream. 


Lit.: Mü1: 140 (the report from B Ard. is likely to refer to 

V. hydrela), NL97: 35. 

(*)fuscella (Turner) Winch 

On calcareous rocks and stones, often over other 

Verrucaria or Bagliettoa species (lichenicolous ?). 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L - . 

Lit.: DG: 14, Mü5: 19. 

(*)fuscula Nyl. 

Syn.: V. insularis (A. Massal.) Jatta, Dermatocarpon 

insulare (A. Massal.) Mig. 

Lichenicolous lichen, parasitic on thalli of Aspicilia 

calcarea, over calcareous, natural outcrops. 


Lit.: Ertz: 41-42, L8. 

glaucovirens Grummann 

Syn.: V. virens Nyl. 

On artificial, calcareous substrata (wall, mortar, etc.). 

B Mar.: RRR, Camp.: RRR, Mosan: RRR. L - . 

Lit.: L8. 

hochstetteri Fr. 

Incl. V. mastoidea (A. Massal.) Trevis. 

On calcareous rocks, either in natural or artificial 

conditions. 

B Mosan: R. L Lorr.: RRR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: BDL2: 42-43, Ertz: 42, NL77: 23, NL84: 18, NL97: 57. 

hydrela Ach. 

Incl. ?V. hydrela var. parasitica B. de Lesd. 

On periodically inundated, siliceous rocks, mostly 

in streams. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: R. L Ard.: AR. 

Lit.: BDL3: 34, NL77: 23, NL84: 18, NL87: 23, NL97: 

57, Molitor & Diederich (1997: 83-84). 

integra (Nyl.) Nyl. 

On calcareous rocks, only in natural conditions? 

B Mosan: RRR (


mortarii Lamy 


B Mosan: RRR. L - . F Mar.: RRR (1910). 

The taxonomic status of this species requires further 

studies. 

Lit.: Zschacke (1933: 75-76). 

muralis Ach. 

Syn.: V. rupestris Schrad., non (Scop.) F. H. Wigg. 

On calcareous, natural outcrops, and on artificial 

substrates (walls or concrete), exceptionally on 

wood. 

B Fl.: RR, Camp.: RRR, Brab.: RR, Mosan: R, 

Ard.: RR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: C. Probably overlooked 

and common in most districts. 

Lit.: Ertz: 43, Mü1: 140, NL77: 23, NL84: 18, NL87: 23, 

NL92: 165, NL97: 57. 

murina Leight. 

Syn.: V. myriocarpa Lönnr., incl. ?V. amylacea A. 

Massal. 

On calcareous, natural outcrops, and on pebbles in 

Mesobromion communities. 

B Mosan: R. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: DG: 14, Mü1: 140 and Mü2: 197 (B Ard., to be 

checked). 

nigrescens Pers. 

Incl. V. controversa A. Massal. 

On calcareous, natural outcrops, and on artificial 

substrates (walls, bricks, concrete, mortar, etc.). 

B Fl.: AR, Camp.: R, Brab.: AR, Mosan: AC, Ard.: 

RR, Lorr.: RR. L Lorr.: C. Most probably common 

in most parts of the study area. 

Lit.: Ertz: 43-44, Mü1: 140, NL77: 23, NL87: 24, NL84: 

18, NL92: 174, NL93: 46, NL97: 57, VGH: 114. 

ochrostoma (Leight.) Trevis. 

On calcareous substrates in ruderal conditions (wall 

of church, mortar, concrete). 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: RRR, Mosan: RR. L Lorr.: RRR. 

Lit.: NL84: 18, NL93: 46. 

pinguicula A. Massal. 


B Mosan: AR, Ard.: RRR. L Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. 

Lit.: NL87: 24, NL97: 57. 

praetermissa (Trevis.) Anzi 

On siliceous or calcareous rocks or stones, rarely 

on mortar or on iron posts, in streams or on 

shaded outcrops. 

B Mosan: R, Ard.: R. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: R. 

Lit.: Ertz: 44, Mü4: 111, NL84: 18, NL97: 58, Molitor & 

Diederich (1997: 86-87). 

rheitrophila Zschacke 

Syn.: V. kernstockii Zschacke 

On partly immersed, siliceous rocks in streams. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 140, NL84: 18, Molitor & Diederich (1997: 87). 

sorbinea Breuss 

On bark and over epiphytic mosses of an old 

Sorbus, in parkland conditions. 


Lit.: Breuss (1998). 

subfuscella Nyl. 

Syn.: V. glaucina auct., non Ach. 

On calcareous, natural outcrops, rarely in artificial 

habitats. 

B Mosan: AR, Ard.: R, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, 

Lorr. (Moselle): RRR. F Lorr. (Moselle): RR. 

Lit.: Ertz: 45, Mü4: 111, NL84: 18, NL87: 23, NL97: 58, John 

(1986: 144), John (1990b: 245), Zschacke (1933: 277). 

subtruncatula B. de Lesd. 

On calcareous stones in artificial conditions. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RRR (1910) (type locality). 

The taxonomic status of this species requires further 

studies. 

Lit.: BDL1: 241-242, Zschacke (1933: 158). 

thalassina (Zahlbr.) Zschacke 

On shells close to the sea. 

B - . L - . F Mar.: RRR. 

Lit.: Zschacke (1933: 140). 

umbrinula Nyl. 

On siliceous, natural outcrops. 


Lit.: L8. 

viridula (Schrad.) Ach. 

Syn.: V. obductilis (Nyl.) Zschacke, V. polygonia Körb. 

On calcareous or siliceous, natural outcrops, and on 

artificial substrates (walls, concrete, mortar, etc.). 

B Fl., Camp., Brab.: R, Mosan: AR, Ard.: RR, Lorr.: 

RR. L Lorr.: C, most probably common, but 

under-recorded in large parts of the study area. 

Lit.: Ertz: 46, NL84: 18, NL87: 24, NL92: 165, NL93: 

46, NL97: 58, Zschacke (1933: 115). 

sp. (as ‘Verrucaria squamulosa ined.’ in Ertz 1999) 

On exposed or partially shaded, hard calcareous, 

natural outcrops. 



Lit.: Ertz: 44-45. 

acrotella Ach. Reported from B Ard. by Mü5: 18 and from 

L Lorr. by Ko: 308, but no specimen seen.


amylacea A. Massal., see V. murina 

anceps Kremp. Reported from B Mar. by BDL2: 42 and 

from L Lorr. by Ko: 308, but no material seen. 

calcivora Nyl. var. belgica Hue, see Thelidium calcareum 

var. belgicum 

canella Nyl., syn. V. glaucina subsp. canella (Nyl.) A. L. 

Sm. This taxon was reported from B Mosan on calcareous 

rocks in NL84: 18. However, this name is considered 

to be a synonym of V. fuscella by Santesson (1993: 231) 

and by Nimis (1993: 739), and as a possible synonym of 

V. aspiciliicola R. Sant. by Purvis et al. (1992: 637). 

Without any additional evidence, we prefer to consider 

this as a doubtful record. 

cinereorufa Schaer., see V. elaeodes 

controversa A. Massal., see V. nigrescens 

dionantensis Hue, see Thelidium dionantense 

dionantensis var. lecideiformis Hue, see Thelidium 

dionantense var. lecideiforme 

dolomitica (A. Massal.) Kremp., see V. foveolata 

dolomitica var. elaeodes (Hue) Zahlbr., see V. elaeodes 

floerkeana Dalla Torre & Sarnth., see V. dolosa 

frandulosa Nyl., see V. lecideoides 

fusconigrescens Nyl. Reported from B Ard. by BDL3: 33, 


glaucina auct., non Ach., see V. subfuscella 

glaucina subsp. canella (Nyl.) A. L. Sm., see V. canella 

(*)granulosaria Clauzade & Zehetl., see V. latericola 

(*)insularis (A. Massal.) Jatta, see V. fuscula 

integra (Nyl.) Nyl. var. elaeodes Hue, see V. elaeodes 

kernstockii Zschacke, see V. rheitrophila 

leightonii Hepp, non A. Massal. Reported from B by DG: 

14, but no material seen. 

mastoidea (A. Massal.) Trevis., see V. hochstetteri 

mucosa Wahlenb. The only Belgian record of this species 

(BDL3: 34) is erroneous: the corresponding material belongs 

to V. rheitrophila (Zschacke 1933: 193). 

muscicola var. moniacensis Hue, see Microglaena muscorum 

var. moniacensis 

mutabilis auct. p. p., non Leight., see V. dolosa 

myriocarpa Lönnr., see V. murina 

obductilis (Nyl.) Zschacke, see V. viridula 

polygonia Körb., see V. viridula 

rupestris Schrad., non (Scop.) F. H. Wigg., see V. muralis 

silicea Servít, see V. funckii 

sphinctrina auct., non Ach. A name used for different species 

of Bagliettoa. 

tongletii Hue (as ‘tongleti’), see Thelidium tongletii 

umbrosa (A. Massal.) Trevis. Reported from B by DG: 14, 

but no material seen. A name of uncertain application. 

velana (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., see V. macrostoma 

veronensis A. Massal., see V. foveolata 

vicinalis Arnold. Reported from B by DG: 14, but no material 


virens Nyl., see V. glaucovirens 

VEZDAEA Tscherm.-Woess & Poelt 

acicularis Coppins 

On acidic and strongly mineralized soil, on siliceous 

rocks. 

B - . L - . F Ard.: RRR. 

Lit.: L5: 43-44. 

aestivalis (Ohlert) Tscherm.-Woess & Poelt 

On acidic soil, often over Peltigera, also on railway 

ballast. 

B Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L4: 33, NL92: 174. 

leprosa (P. James) Poelt & Döbbeler 

On rock debris contaminated by heavy metals and on 

decaying mosses in old quarries and on cemeteries. 

B Fl.: RRR, Camp.: AR, Mosan: RR. L - . 

Lit.: L4: 33, NL87: 24, Coppins & van den Boom (1995: 

89), Zwaenepoel et al. (1994: 37). 

retigera Poelt & Döbbeler 

Over hepatics or thalli of Peltigera. 

B Mosan: RRR. L Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: L4: 33, NL87: 24. 

rheocarpa Poelt & Döbbeler 

On dead plants, bryophytes and old thalli of Peltigera. 


Lit.: L5: 44, L8. 

VOUAUXIELLA Petr. & Syd. 

*lichenicola (Linds.) Petr. & Syd. 

On Lecanora argentata, L. chlarotera, L. rugosella, 

L. saligna and L. umbrina. 

B Mosan: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. L Ard.: RR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Di: 255-256, LF0: 25, NL97: 58.


*verrucosa (Vouaux) Petr. & Syd. 

On Lecanora hybocarpa, mainly on the apothecial 

margin. 


Lit.: L8. 

VOUAUXIOMYCES Dyko & D. Hawksw., see 

Abrothallus 

*ramalinae (Nordin) D. Hawksw., see Abrothallus suecicus 

*truncatus (B. de Lesd.) Dyko & D. Hawksw., see Abrothallus 

microspermus 

VULPICIDA Mattson & M. J. Lai 

pinastri (Scop.) Mattson & M. J. Lai 

Syn.: Cetraria pinastri (Scop.) Gray 

On bark of various trees, often on small branches 

and twigs, mainly near the ground in such a way 

that the thalli are likely to be covered by snow in 

winter, once lignicolous, on a fence post. 

B Mar.: RR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR→ RR, decreasing, 

Lorr.: RRR (†


Saxicolous, on sandstone rocks, or corticolous, on 

Alnus and Pyrus. 


The identity of the material is doubtful and requires 

further studies. 

Lit.: Di: 47, L3: 26. 

inundata (Fr.) Sérus. & Diederich 

Syn.: Bacidia inundata (Fr.) Körb., Bacidina inundata 

(Fr.) Vězda 

On ± calcareous rocks in humid and shaded conditions, 

often in streams. 

B Ard.: RR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: Mü1: 144, NL97: 39. 

Bacidia neosquamulosa Aptroot & van Herk 

On Populus at margin of a Picea plantation. 

B Fl.: RRR. L - . Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: Aptroot & van Herk (1999). 

Bacidia phacodes Körb. 

Syn.: Bacidina phacodes (Körb.) Vězda, Bacidia 

albescens (Stizenb.) Bausch 

On Acer campestre in sheltered and humid forests. 

B Mosan: RR. L - . Probably overlooked. 

Lit.: L5: 14-15, NL84: 12, van den Boom & Sérusiaux 

(1996: 22). 

Bacidia saxenii Erichsen 

On walls, stones, gravestones, normally in ruderal 

conditions, also on slate debris in a disused quarry. 

B Fl.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RRR. 

The report of this species from B Camp.: RRR by 

NL93: 42 is erroneous, the specimen belonging 

to a possibly undescribed species. 

Lit.: L8. 

fusarioides D. Hawksw., Poelt & Tscherm.-Woess, see W. 

arnoldiana 

XANTHOPARMELIA (Vain.) Hale 

conspersa (Ach.) Hale 

Syn.: Parmelia conspersa (Ach.) Ach., P. stenophylla 

auct., non (Ach.) Heugel, nom. conf., P. 

molliuscula auct. belg. p. p., non Ach. 

On exposed, siliceous rocks, on walls or roofs, 

exceptionally on sandstone rocks, once found on 

dust-enriched bark. 

B Brab.: RR, Mosan: AC, Ard.: AC. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: RRR. 

The report of X. angustiphylla (Gyeln.) Hale from 

B by Hale (1990: 68) refers to non-isidiate forms 

of X. conspersa. The genuine X. angustiphylla 

does not occur in the study area. 

Lit.: La66: 432-433, Diederich (1985a: 23), Lambinon & 

Sérusiaux (1985b: 207). 

mougeotii (D. Dietr.) Hale 

Syn.: Parmelia mougeotii D. Dietr. 

Saxicolous, on exposed, siliceous or sandstone 

rocks and stones, in natural habitats and on slate 

debris in old quarries, also on walls. 

B Mosan: RR, Ard.: AR. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: RR. 

Lit.: La66: 433-434, Lambinon & Sérusiaux (1985b: 209). 

protomatrae (Gyeln.) Hale 

Syn.: Parmelia protomatrae Gyeln. 

On a dry and sunny, natural, slightly calcareous, 

siliceous outcrop. 


Lit.: Schl: 240 (probably a mistake for var. somloënsis, 

see L8), Lambinon & Sérusiaux (1985b: 209-210). 

somloënsis (Gyeln.) Hale var. somloënsis 

Syn.: X. taractica (Kremp.) Hale, Parmelia taractica 

Kremp., P. stenophylla auct. p. m. p., non (Ach.) 

Heugel, nom. conf. 

On dry and sunny, natural outcrops of siliceous rocks. 

B - . L Ard.: RRR. F Mosan: RRR. 

Lit.: L8, Schl: 134, 240, Lambinon & Sérusiaux (1985b: 210). 

angustiphylla (Gyeln.) Hale, see X. conspersa 

incurva (Pers.) Hale, see Arctoparmelia incurva 

XANTHORIA (Fr.) Th. Fr. 

The specimens referred to X. candelaria and X. fallax 

should be re-examined, as the recently circumscribed 

X. fulva (Hoffm.) Poelt & Petutschnig and 

X. ulophyllodes Räsänen are likely to occur in the 

study area (Poelt & Petutschnig 1992). 

calcicola Oxner 

Syn.: X. aureola auct., non (Ach.) Erichsen 

Saxicolous, exceptionally corticolous, in natural 

and artificial habitats, always in nitrophilous 

conditions. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: AR, Camp.: AR, Brab.: AR, Mosan: 

AC, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: R. L Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ho: 241, La66: 468, VGH: 114, Duvigneaud & 

Lambinon (1963: 47). 

candelaria (L.) Th. Fr. 

Syn.: X. lychnea (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

Corticolous, nitrophilous, on roadside trees, in orchards, 

etc., often at the base of trunks, rarely saxicolous. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, elsewhere: AC-C. L Ard.: AC, 

Lorr.: AC. 


60-61, 116.


elegans (Link) Th. Fr. 

Syn.: Caloplaca elegans (Link) Th. Fr. 

Saxicolous on all kinds of substrates which are at least 

slightly calcareous, always in artificial conditions 

(walls, quarries, etc.), unknown in natural habitats. 

B Mar.: RR, Fl.: R, Brab.: R, Camp.: R, Mosan: 

AR, Ard.: AR, Lorr.: AR. L Ard.: R, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: La66: 466-467, NL92: 174, VGH: 114, Van 

Landuyt & Hoffmann (1996). 

fallax (Hepp) Arnold 

Saxicolous, on natural, siliceous outcrops, rarely 

corticolous, mainly at the base of old roadside 

trees, always in rather nitrophilous conditions. 

B Camp.: RRR, Mosan: RR, Ard.: R. L Ard.: R, 

Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: La66: 465, Mü1: 157, NL92: 174, WS: 61, 117. 

parietina (L.) Th. Fr. 

Corticolous on roadside trees or in orchards, or saxicolous 

on all kinds of substrates (especially near 

the coast), always in nitrophilous conditions. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Brab.: C, elsewhere: AC-C. L 

Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AC. 


62, 118. 

polycarpa (Hoffm.) Rieber 

Mainly on well-lit isolated trees or bushes, often on 

dead branches, usually in ruderal or nitrophilous 

conditions. 

B Mar.: CC, Fl.: CC, Brab.: AC, elsewhere: AC-C. 

L Ard.: AC, Lorr.: AR. 

Lit.: Ca: 172-173, Ho: 248, La66: 465-466, Qu: 127, 129, 

WS: 62, 119. 

aureola auct., non (Ach.) Erichsen, see X. calcicola 

lobulata (Flörke) B. de Lesd., see Caloplaca lobulata 

lychnea (Ach.) Th. Fr., see X. candelaria 

XANTHORIICOLA D. Hawksw. 

*physciae (Kalchbr.) D. Hawksw. 

Syn.: Coniosporium physciae (Kalchbr.) Sacc. 

On apothecia of Xanthoria parietina and X. polycarpa. 

B Mar.: RRR. L Ard.: RRR, Lorr.: RR. F Mar.: RR 

(


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Abrothallus De Not. 

*acetabuli Diederich 

*bertianus De Not. 

*microspermus Tul. 

*parmeliarum (Sommerf.) Arnold 

*prodiens (Harm.) Diederich & Hafellner 

*suecicus (Kirschst.) Nordin 

Absconditella Vězda 

fossarum Vězda & Pišút 

Acarospora A. Massal. 

cervina A. Massal. 

fuscata (Nyl.) Arnold 

glaucocarpa (Ach.) Körb. 

heppii (Hepp) Körb. 

macrospora (Hepp) Bagl. 

nitrophila H. Magn. 

sinopica (Wahlenb.) Körb. 

smaragdula (Wahlenb.) A. Massal. 

tongletii (Hue) H. Olivier 

veronensis A. Massal. 

Acremonium Link 

*antarcticum (Speg.) D. Hawksw. 

*lichenicola W. Gams 

*persicinum (Nicot) W. Gams 

Acrocordia A. Massal. 

cavata (Ach.) R. C. Harris 

conoidea (Fr.) Körb. 

gemmata (Ach.) A. Massal. 

salweyi (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

Adelococcus Theiss. & Syd. 

*alpestris (Zopf) Theiss. & Syd. 

Agonimia Zahlbr. 

allobata (Stizenb.) P. James 

globulifera Brand & Diederich 

opuntiella (Buschardt & Poelt) Vězda 

tristicula (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 

vouauxii (B. de Lesd.) Brand & Diederich 

Anaptychia Körb. 

ciliaris (L.) A. Massal. 

Anema Forssell 

decipiens (A. Massal.) Forssell 

List of accepted taxa 

tumidulum Henssen ined. 

Anisomeridium (Müll. Arg.) M. Choisy 

biforme (Borrer) R. C. Harris 

+macrocarpum (Körb.) V. Wirth 

polypori (Ellis & Everh.) M. E. Barr 

Arctoparmelia Hale 

incurva (Pers.) Hale 

Arthonia Ach. 

apatetica (A. Massal.) Th. Fr. 

arthonioides (Ach.) A. L. Sm. 

byssacea (Weigel) Almq. 

cinnabarina (DC.) Wallr. 

didyma Körb. 

elegans (Ach.) Almq. 

endlicheri (Garov.) Oxner 

*excentrica Th. Fr. 

*fuscopurpurea (Tul.) R. Sant. 

galactites (DC.) Dufour 

*graphidicola Coppins 

lapidicola (Taylor) Branth & Rostr. 

*molendoi (Frauenf.) R. Sant. 

muscigena Th. Fr. 

*nephromaria Nyl. 

*phaeophysciae Grube & Matzer 

pruinata (Pers.) A. L. Sm. 

punctiformis Ach. 

radiata (Pers.) Ach. 

spadicea Leight. 

*vagans Almq. var. lecanorina Almq. 

*varia (Tul.) Jatta 

vinosa Leight. 

Arthopyrenia A. Massal. 

+analepta (Ach.) A. Massal. 

+cinereopruinosa (Schaer.) A. Massal. 

salicis A. Massal. 

Arthothelium A. Massal. 

ruanum (A. Massal.) Körb. 

Arthrorhaphis Th. Fr. 

citrinella (Ach.) Poelt 

(*)grisea Th. Fr. 

*olivaceae R. Sant. & Tønsberg


Aspicilia A. Massal. 

aquatica Körb. 

caesiocinerea (Malbr.) Arnold 

calcarea (L.) Mudd 

cinerea (L.) Körb. 

contorta (Hoffm.) Kremp. subsp. contorta 

contorta subsp. hoffmanniana S. Ekman & Fröberg 

gibbosa (Ach.) Körb. 

moenium (Vain.) G. Thor & Timdal 

recedens (Taylor) Arnold 

Athelia Pers. 

*arachnoidea (Berk.) Jülich 

Bacidia De Not. 

absistens (Nyl.) Arnold 

arceutina (Ach.) Arnold 

bagliettoana (A. Massal. & De Not.) Jatta 

beckhausii Körb. 

biatorina (Körb.) Vain. 

carneoglauca (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

circumspecta (Vain.) Malme 

fuscoviridis (Anzi) Lettau 

hemipolia (Nyl.) Malme 

herbarum (Stizenb.) Arnold 

rosella (Pers.) De Not. 

rubella (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

subincompta (Nyl.) Arnold 

trachona (Ach.) Lettau 

viridifarinosa Coppins & P. James 

Bactrospora A. Massal. 

dryina (Ach.) A. Massal. 

Baeomyces Pers. 

callianthus Lettau 

placophyllus Ach. 

rufus (Huds.) Rebent. 

Bagliettoa A. Massal. 

baldensis (A. Massal.) Vězda 

parmigera (J. Steiner) Vězda & Poelt 

steineri (Kušan) Vězda 

Biatora Fr. 

chrysantha (Zahlbr.) Printzen 

meiocarpa (Nyl.) Arnold 

Biatoridium J. Lahm 

monasteriense J. Lahm 

Biatoropsis Räsänen 

*usnearum Räsänen 

Bispora Corda 

*christiansenii D. Hawksw. 

*lichenum Diederich 

Botryolepraria Canals, Hern.-Mariné, Gómez- 

Bolea & Llimona 

lesdainii (Hue) Canals, Hern.-Mariné, Gómez-Bolea 

& Llimona 

Brodoa Goward 

intestiniformis (Vill.) Goward 

Bryophagus Arnold 

gloeocapsa Arnold 

Bryoria Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

bicolor (Ehrh.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

chalybeiformis (L.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

implexa (Hoffm.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

subcana (Stizenb.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. 

Buellia De Not. 

aethalea (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

alboatra (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. 

(*)badia (Fr.) A. Massal. 

disciformis (Fr.) Mudd 

griseovirens (Sm.) Almb. 

ocellata (Flot.) Körb. 

pulverea Coppins & P. James 

punctata (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

schaereri De Not. 

subdispersa Mig. 

venusta (Körb.) Lettau 

violaceofusca Thor & Muhr 

Buelliella Hafellner 

*physciicola Poelt & Hafellner 

Bunodophoron A. Massal. 

melanocarpum (Sw.) Wedin 

Byssoloma Trevis. 

diederichii Sérus. 

Calicium Pers. 

adspersum Pers. 

glaucellum Ach. 

lichenoides (L.) Schumach.


viride Pers. 

Caloplaca Th. Fr. 

albolutescens (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

alociza (A. Massal.) Mig. 

arenaria (Pers.) Müll. Arg. 

atroflava (Turner) Mong. s. l. 

aurantia (Pers.) J. Steiner 

biatorina (A. Massal.) J. Steiner 

brevilobata (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 

cerina (Hedw.) Th. Fr. var. cerina 

cerina var. chloroleuca (Sm.) Th. Fr. 

cerinella (Nyl.) Flagey 

chalybaea (Fr.) Müll. Arg. 

chlorina (Flot.) H. Olivier 

chrysodeta (Räsänen) Dombr. 

chrysophthalma Degel. 

cirrochroa (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. 

(*)coronata (Körb.) J. Steiner 

crenularia (With.) J. R. Laundon 

crenulatella (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

decipiens (Arnold) Blomb. & Forssell 

demissa (Körb.) Arup & Grube 

dolomiticola (Hue) Zahlbr. 

erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh 

ferruginea (Huds.) Th. Fr. 

flavescens (Huds.) J. R. Laundon 

flavocitrina (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

flavorubescens (Huds.) J. R. Laundon 

flavovirescens (Wulfen) Dalla Torre & Sarnth. 

granulosa (Müll. Arg.) Jatta 

(*)grimmiae (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

haematites (St.-Amans) Zwackh 

herbidella (Hue) H. Magn. 

holocarpa (Hoffm.) A. E. Wade 

(*)inconnexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 

irrubescens (Arnold) Zahlbr. 

lithophila H. Magn. 

lucifuga G. Thor 

luteoalba (Turner) Th. Fr. 

maritima B. de Lesd. 

marmorata (Bagl.) Jatta 

obscurella (J. Lahm) Th. Fr. 

ochracea (Schaer.) Flagey 

phlogina (Ach.) Flagey 

(*)polycarpa (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. 

ruderum (Malbr.) J. R. Laundon 

saxicola (Hoffm.) Nordin 

subpallida H. Magn. 

tegularis auct., non (Ehrh.) Sandst. 

teicholyta (Ach.) J. Steiner 

vacillans (Th. Fr.) H. Magn. 

variabilis (Pers.) Müll. Arg. 

vitellinula auct., non (Nyl.) H. Olivier 

xantholyta (Nyl.) Jatta 

Candelaria A. Massal. 

concolor (Dicks.) Stein 

Candelariella Müll. Arg. 

aurella (Hoffm.) Zahlbr. 

coralliza (Nyl.) H. Magn. 

medians (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau 

vitellina (Hoffm.) Müll. Arg. 

xanthostigma (Ach.) Lettau 

Capronia Sacc. 

*peltigerae (Fuckel) D. Hawksw. 

Carbonea (Hertel) Hertel 

*vitellinaria (Nyl.) Hertel 

Catillaria A. Massal. 

atomarioides (Müll. Arg.) H. Kilias 

chalybeia (Borrer) A. Massal. 

lenticularis (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

minuta (A. Massal.) Lettau 

nigroclavata (Nyl.) Schuler 

Catinaria Vain. 

atropurpurea (Schaer.) Poelt & Vězda 

Cercidospora Körb. 

*epipolytropa (Mudd) Arnold 

*xanthoriae (Wedd.) R. Sant. 

Cetraria Ach. 

aculeata (Schreb.) Fr. 

islandica (L.) Ach. 

muricata (Ach.) Eckfeldt 

Cetrelia W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

olivetorum (Nyl.) W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

Chaenotheca (Th. Fr.) Th. Fr. 

brachypoda (Ach.) Tibell 

brunneola (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

chlorella (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

chrysocephala (Ach.) Th. Fr.


ferruginea (Turner & Borrer) Mig. 

furfuracea (L.) Tibell 

hispidula (Ach.) Zahlbr. 

phaeocephala (Turner) Fr. 

stemonea (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

trichialis (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

xyloxena Nádv. 

Chaenothecopsis Vain. 

+pusilla (Flörke) A. F. W. Schmidt 

*vainioana (Nádv.) Tibell 

Chromatochlamys Trevis. 

muscorum (Fr.) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt var. muscorum 

Chrysothrix Mont. 

candelaris (L.) J. R. Laundon 

chlorina (Ach.) J. R. Laundon 

Cladina Nyl. 

arbuscula (Wallr.) Hale & W. L. Culb. subsp. 

squarrosa (Wallr.) Burgaz 

ciliata (Stirt.) Trass 

mitis (Sandst.) Hustich 

portentosa (Dufour) Follmann 

rangiferina (L.) Nyl. 

stygia (Fr.) Ruoss 

Cladonia P. Browne 

caespiticia (Pers.) Flörke 

callosa Harm. 

cariosa (Ach.) Spreng. 

cenotea (Ach.) Schaer. 

cervicornis (Ach.) Flot. subsp. cervicornis 

cervicornis subsp. pulvinata (Sandst.) Ahti 

cervicornis subsp. verticillata (Hoffm.) Ahti 

chlorophaea (Sommerf.) Spreng. 

coccifera (L.) Willd. 

coniocraea (Flörke) Spreng. 

convoluta (Lam.) Anders 

cornuta (L.) Hoffm. 

crispata (Ach.) Flot. 

deformis (L.) Hoffm. 

digitata (L.) Hoffm. 

fimbriata (L.) Fr. 

floerkeana (Fr.) Flörke 

foliacea (Huds.) Willd. 

furcata (Huds.) Schrad. subsp. furcata 

furcata subsp. subrangiformis (Sandst.) Abbayes 

glauca Flörke 

gracilis (L.) Willd. 

grayi Sandst. 

humilis (With.) J. R. Laundon 

macilenta Hoffm. 

macrophylla (Schaer.) Stenh. 

ochrochlora Flörke 

parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm. 

peziziformis (With.) J. R. Laundon 

phyllophora Hoffm. 

pleurota (Flörke) Schaer. 

polycarpoides Nyl. 

polydactyla (Flörke) Spreng. 

pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. subsp. pyxidata 

pyxidata subsp. pocillum (Ach.) Å. E. Dahl 

ramulosa (With.) J. R. Laundon 

rangiformis Hoffm. 

rei Schaer. 

scabriuscula (Delise) Leight. 

squamosa (Scop.) Hoffm. 

strepsilis (Ach.) Grognot 

subulata (L.) F. H. Wigg. 

sulphurina (Michx.) Fr. 

symphycarpa (Flörke) Fr. 

uncialis (L.) F. H. Wigg. subsp. biuncialis (Hoffm.) 

Choisy 

zopfii Vain. 

Cladosporium Link 

*arthoniae M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

Clauzadea Hafellner & Bellem. 

immersa (Hoffm.) Hafellner & Bellem. 

metzleri (Körb.) D. Hawksw. 

monticola (Schaer.) Hafellner & Bellem. 

Clauzadeana Cl. Roux 

macula (Taylor) Coppins & Rambold 

Clauzadeomyces Diederich 

*verrucosus Diederich 

Cliostomum Fr. 

griffithii (Sm.) Coppins 

Clypeococcum D. Hawksw. 

*epicrassum (H. Oliv.) Nav.-Ros. & Cl. Roux 

*hypocenomycis D. Hawksw. 

Coenogonium Ehrenb. 

sp.


Collema F. H. Wigg. 

auriforme (With.) Coppins & J. R. Laundon 

crispum (Huds.) F. H. Wigg. 

cristatum (L.) F. H. Wigg. 

dichotomum (With.) Coppins & J. R. Laundon 

flaccidum (Ach.) Ach. 

fragrans (Sm.) Ach. 

furfuraceum (Arnold) Du Rietz 

fuscovirens (With.) J. R. Laundon 

limosum (Ach.) Ach. 

multipartitum Sm. 

occultatum Bagl. 

polycarpon Hoffm. 

tenax (Sw.) Ach. 

Cornutispora Piroz. 

*ciliata Kalb 

*lichenicola D. Hawksw. & B. Sutton 

*triangularis Diederich & Etayo 

Corticifraga D. Hawksw. & R. Sant. 

*fuckelii (Rehm) D. Hawksw. & R. Sant. 

*peltigerae (Nyl.) D. Hawksw. & R. Sant. 

Cresponea Egea & Torrente 

premnea (Ach.) Egea & Torrente var. saxicola 

(Leigth.) Egea & Torrente 

Cyanomyces Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner ined. 

*leptogiophila (G. Winter) Nik. Hoffm. & 

Hafellner, comb. ined. 

Cyphelium Ach. 

*sessile (Pers.) Trevis. 

Cyrtidula Minks 

+hippocastani (DC.) R. C. Harris 

+quercus (A. Massal.) Minks 

Cystocoleus Thwaites 

ebeneus (Dillwyn) Thwaites 

Dacampia A. Massal. 

*rufescentis (Vouaux) D. Hawksw. 

Dactylospora Körb. 

*parasitica (Flörke) Zopf 

*pertusaricola (Tuck.) Hafellner 

*saxatilis (Schaer.) Hafellner 

Degelia Arv. & D. J. Galloway 

plumbea (Lightf.) P. M. Jørg. & P. James 

Dermatocarpon Eschw. 

luridum (With.) J. R. Laundon 

meiophyllizum Vain. 

miniatum (L.) W. Mann 

Dibaeis Clem. 

baeomyces (L. f.) Rambold & Hertel 

Didymellopsis (Sacc.) Clem. & Shear 

*pulposi (Zopf) Grube & Hafellner 

Dimerella Trevis. 

pineti (Ach.) Vězda 

Diploicia A. Massal. 

canescens (Dicks.) A. Massal. 

Diplolaeviopsis Giralt & D. Hawksw. 

*ranula Giralt & D. Hawksw. 

Diploschistes Norman 

euganeus (A. Massal.) J. Steiner 

gypsaceus (Ach.) Zahlbr. 

(*)muscorum (Scop.) R. Sant. 

scruposus (Schreb.) Norman 

Dirina Fr. 

stenhammarii (Stenh.) Poelt & Follmann 

Echinodiscus Etayo & Diederich 

*lesdainii (Vouaux) Etayo & Diederich 

Endocarpon Hedw. 

adscendens (Anzi) Müll. Arg. 

pallidum Ach. 

pusillum Hedw. 

Endococcus Nyl. 

*brachysporus (Zopf) Brand & Diederich 

*exerrans Nyl. 

*fusiger Th. Fr. & Almq. 

*macrosporus (Arnold) Nyl. 

*parietinarius (Linds.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

*propinquus (Körb.) D. Hawksw. 

*protoblasteniae Diederich 

*rugulosus Nyl. 

*verrucisporus Alstrup (‘verrucuspora’) 

*sp. (see L8, under E. brachysporus) 

Enterographa Fée 

crassa (DC.) Fée 

hutchinsiae (Leight.) A. Massal. 

zonata (Körb.) Källsten

Eopyrenula R. C. Harris 

grandicula Coppins 

Ephebe Fr. 

lanata (L.) Vain. 


Epibryon Döbbeler 

*parvipunctum (Stein) Diederich 

*solorinae (Vain.) Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner, comb. 

ined. 

Epicladonia D. Hawksw. 

*sandstedei (Zopf) D. Hawksw. 

*stenospora (Harm.) D. Hawksw. 

Epigloea Zukal 

(+)bactrospora Zukal 

(+)filifera Döbbeler 

(+)soleiformis Döbbeler 

Evernia Ach. 

prunastri (L.) Ach. 

Fellhanera Vězda 

bouteillei (Desm.) Vězda 

subtilis (Vězda) Diederich & Sérus. 

viridisorediata Aptroot, Brand & Spier 

sp. (as ‘Fellhanera sp. 1’ in Diederich 1989) 

Fellhaneropsis Sérus. & Coppins 

myrtillicola (Erichsen) Sérus. & Coppins 

vezdae (Coppins & P. James) Sérus. & Coppins 

Feltgeniomyces Diederich 

*luxemburgensis Diederich 

Flavoparmelia Hale 


soredians (Nyl.) Hale 

Flavopunctelia (Krog) Hale 

flaventior (Stirt.) Hale 

Fulgensia A. Massal. & De Not. 

fulgens (Sw.) Elenkin 

Fusarium Link 

*peltigerae Westend. 

Fuscidea V. Wirth & Vězda 

cyathoides (Ach.) V. Wirth & Vězda var. cyathoides 

lightfootii (Sm.) Coppins & P. James 

praeruptorum (Du Rietz & H. Magn.) V. Wirth & 

Vězda 

Fuscopannaria P. M. Jørg. 

leucophaea (Vahl) P. M. Jørg. 

mediterranea (Tav.) P. M. Jørg. 

saubinetii (Mont.) P. M. Jørg. 

Graphina Müll. Arg. 

anguina (Mont.) Müll. Arg. 

Graphis Adans. 

elegans (Sm.) Ach. 

scripta (L.) Ach. 

Gyalecta Ach. 

flotowii Körb. 

jenensis (Batsch) Zahlbr. 

truncigena (Ach.) Hepp 

ulmi (Sw.) Zahlbr. 

Gyalideopsis Vězda 

anastomosans P. James & Vězda 

muscicola P. James & Vězda 

Haematomma A. Massal. 

ochroleucum (Neck.) J. R. Laundon 

Halecania M. Mayrhofer 

viridescens Coppins & P. James 

Hawksworthiana U. Braun 

*peltigericola (D. Hawksw.) U. Braun 

Hobsonia Massee 

*christiansenii B. L. Brady & D. Hawksw. 

Homostegia Fuckel 

*piggotii (Berk. & Broome) P. Karst. 

Hymenelia Kremp. 

epulotica (Ach.) Lutzoni 

Hyperphyscia Müll. Arg. 

adglutinata (Flörke) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

Hypocenomyce Choisy 

caradocensis (Nyl.) P. James & Gotth. Schneider 

scalaris (Ach.) Choisy 

Hypogymnia (Nyl.) Nyl. 

farinacea Zopf 

physodes (L.) Nyl. 

tubulosa (Schaer.) Hav. 

Hypotrachyna (Vain.) Hale 

revoluta (Flörke) Hale


Icmadophila Trevis. 

ericetorum (L.) Zahlbr. 

Immersaria Rambold & Pietschm. 

athroocarpa (Ach.) Rambold & Pietschm. 

Imshaugia S. L. F. Meyer 

aleurites (Ach.) S. L. F. Meyer 

Ionaspis Th. Fr. 

lacustris (With.) Lutzoni 

Karschia Körb. 

*talcophila (Flot.) Körb. 

Lasallia Mérat 

pustulata (L.) Mérat 

Lawalreea Diederich 

*lecanorae Diederich 

Lecanactis Körb. 

abietina (Ach.) Körb. 

latebrarum (Ach.) Arnold 

Lecania A. Massal. 

coeruleorubella (Mudd) M. Mayrhofer 

cuprea (A. Massal.) van den Boom & Coppins 

cyrtella (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

cyrtellina (Nyl.) Sandst. 

erysibe (Ach.) Mudd 

globulosa (Flörke) van den Boom & Sérus. 

hutchinsiae (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

inundata (Körb.) M. Mayrhofer 

naegelii (Hepp) Diederich & van den Boom 

rabenhorstii (Hepp) Arnold 

suavis (Müll. Arg.) Mig. 

sylvestris (Arnold) Arnold 

turicensis (Hepp) Müll. Arg. 

Lecanographa Egea & Torrente 

lyncea (Sm.) Egea & Torrente 

Lecanora Ach. 

achariana A. L. Sm. 

agardhiana Ach. 

aitema (Ach.) Hepp 

albella (Pers.) Ach. 

albescens (Hoffm.) Branth & Rostr. 

allophana Nyl. 

argentata (Ach.) Malme 

barkmaniana Aptroot & van Herk 

campestris (Schaer.) Hue 

carpinea (L.) Vain. 

chlarotera Nyl. 

compallens van Herk & Aptroot 

conizaeoides Cromb. 

crenulata Hook., non auct. 

crenulata auct., non Hook. 

dispersa (Pers.) Sommerf. 

epanora (Ach.) Ach. 

expallens Ach. 

flotowiana Spreng. 

gangaleoides Nyl. 

(*)gisleriana Müll. Arg. 

hagenii (Ach.) Ach. 

handelii J. Steiner 

horiza (Ach.) Linds. 

hybocarpa (Tuck.) Brodo 

intricata (Ach.) Ach. 

intumescens (Rebent.) Rabenh. 

muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh. 

orosthea (Ach.) Ach. 

persimilis (Th. Fr.) Nyl. 

piniperda Körb. 

polytropa (Hoffm.) Rabenh. 

pruinosa Chaub. 

pulicaris (Pers.) Ach. 

rugosella Zahlbr. 

rupicola (L.) Zahlbr. subsp. rupicola 

rupicola subsp. subplanata (Nyl.) Leuckert & Poelt 

saligna (Schrad.) Zahlbr. 

sambuci (Pers.) Nyl. 

silvae-nigrae V. Wirth 

soralifera (Suza) Räsänen 

strobilina (Spreng.) Kieff. 

subaurea Zahlbr. 

subcarnea (Lilj.) Ach. 

subcarpinea Szatala 

sulphurea (Hoffm.) Ach. 

swartzii (Ach.) Ach. 

symmicta (Ach.) Ach. 

umbrina (Ach.) A. Massal. 

varia (Hoffm.) Ach. 

Lecidea Ach. 

cyrtidia Tuck. 

fuliginosa Taylor 

fuscoatra (L.) Ach. 

lapicida (Ach.) Ach. var. pantherina Ach. 

lithophila (Ach.) Ach.


nylanderi (Anzi) Th. Fr. 

plana (J. Lahm) Nyl. 

pycnocarpa (Körb.) Ohlert 

Lecidella Körb. 

anomaloides (A. Massal.) Hertel & H. Kilias 

carpathica Körb. 

conspurcatosorediosa (Harm.) Diederich 

elaeochroma (Ach.) Choisy 

flavosorediata (Vězda) Hertel & Leuckert 

laureri (Hepp) Körb. 

scabra (Taylor) Hertel & Leuckert 

stigmatea (Ach.) Hertel & Leuckert 

viridans (Flot.) Körb. 

Lemmopsis (Vain.) Zahlbr. 

arnoldiana (Hepp) Zahlbr. 

Lempholemma Körb. 

polyanthes (Bernh.) Malme 

Lepraria Ach. 

borealis Lohtander & Tønsberg 

caesioalba (B. de Lesd.) J. R. Laundon 

crassissima (Hue) Lettau 

eburnea J. R. Laundon 

elobata Tønsberg 

flavescens Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

incana (L.) Ach. 

jackii Tønsberg 

lobificans Nyl. 

nivalis J. R. Laundon 

nylanderiana Kümmerl. & Leuckert 

rigidula (B. de Lesd.) Tønsberg 

umbricola Tønsberg 

Leprocaulon Nyl. 

microscopicum (Vill.) D. Hawksw. 

Leproloma Cromb. 

membranaceum (Dicks.) Vain. 

vouauxii (Hue) J. R. Laundon 

Leptogium (Ach.) Gray 

biatorinum (Nyl.) Leight. 

byssinum (Hoffm.) Nyl. 

corniculatum (Hoffm.) Minks 

cyanescens (Rabenh.) Körb. 

diffractum Körb. 

gelatinosum (With.) J. R. Laundon 

lichenoides (L.) Zahlbr. 

magnussonii Degel. & P. M. Jørg. 

massiliense Nyl. 

plicatile (Ach.) Leight. 

saturninum (Dicks.) Nyl. 

schraderi (Bernh.) Nyl. 

subtile (Schrad.) Torss. 

tenuissimum (Dicks.) Körb. 

teretiusculum (Wallr.) Arnold 

turgidum (Ach.) Cromb. 

Leptorhaphis Körb. 

+epidermidis (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

+maggiana (A. Massal.) Körb. 

Leptosphaeria Ces. & De Not. 

*ramalinae (Desm.) Sacc. 

Lichenochora Hafellner 

*inconspicua Hafellner 

*obscuroides (Linds.) Triebel & Rambold 

Lichenoconium Petr. & Syd. 

*erodens M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

*lecanorae (Jaap) D. Hawksw. 

*lichenicola (P. Karst.) Petr. & Syd. 

*pyxidatae (Oudem.) Petr. & Syd. 

*reichlingii Diederich 

*usneae (Anzi) D. Hawksw. 

*xanthoriae M. S. Christ. 

Lichenodiplis Dyko & D. Hawksw. 

*lecanorae (Vouaux) Dyko & D. Hawksw. 

Lichenopeltella Höhn. 

*hydrophila R. Sant. ined. 

*peltigericola (D. Hawksw.) R. Sant. 

*santessonii (P. M. Kirk & Spooner) R. Sant. 

*thelidii Diederich 

Lichenosticta Zopf 

*alcicornaria (Linds.) D. Hawksw. 

Lichenostigma Hafellner 

*cosmopolites Hafellner & Calatayud 

*elongata Nav.-Ros. & Hafellner 

*rugosa G. Thor 

Lichenothelia D. Hawksw. 

+convexa Henssen 

Lobaria (Schreb.) Hoffm. 

pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.


virens (With.) J. R. Laundon 

Lobarina (Vain.) Cromb. 

scrobiculata (Scop.) Cromb. 

Lobothallia (Clauzade & Cl. Roux) Hafellner 

radiosa (Hoffm.) Hafellner 

Lopadium Körb. 

disciforme (Flot.) Kullh. 

Macentina Vězda 

abscondita Coppins & Vězda 

Marchandiomyces Diederich & D. Hawksw. 

*aurantiacus (Lasch) Diederich & Etayo 

*corallinus (Roberge) Diederich & D. Hawksw. 

Massalongia Körb. 

carnosa (Dicks.) Körb. 

Megalaria Hafellner 

grossa (Nyl.) Hafellner 

pulverea (Borrer) Hafellner & Schreiner 

Megaspora (Clauzade & Cl. Roux) Hafellner & 

V. Wirth 

verrucosa (Ach.) Hafellner & V. Wirth 

Melanelia Essl. 

disjuncta (Erichsen) Essl. 

elegantula (Zahlbr.) Essl. 

exasperata (De Not.) Essl. 

exasperatula (Nyl.) Essl. 

glabratula (Lamy) Essl. subsp. glabratula 

glabratula subsp. fuliginosa (Duby) J. R. Laundon 

laciniatula (H. Olivier) Essl. 

olivacea (L.) Essl. 

panniformis (Nyl.) Essl. 

sorediata (Ach.) Goward & Ahti 

stygia (L.) Essl. 

subargentifera (Nyl.) Essl. 

subaurifera (Nyl.) Essl. 

Melaspilea Nyl. 

granitophila (Th. Fr.) Coppins 

ochrothalamia Nyl. 

Menegazzia A. Massal. 

terebrata (Hoffm.) A. Massal. 

Merismatium Zopf 

*discrepans (J. Lahm) Triebel 

*heterophractum (Nyl.) Vouaux 

*scammoecum Lettau 

Micarea Fr. 

alabastrites (Nyl.) Coppins 

bauschiana (Körb.) V. Wirth & Vězda 

botryoides (Nyl.) Coppins 

confusa Coppins & van den Boom 

curvata Coppins 

deminuta Coppins 

denigrata (Fr.) Hedl. 

erratica (Körb.) Hertel, Rambold & Pietschm. 

globulosella (Nyl.) Coppins 

hedlundii Coppins 

leprosula (Th. Fr.) Coppins & A. Fletcher 

lignaria (Ach.) Hedl. var. lignaria 

lithinella (Nyl.) Hedl. 

lutulata (Nyl.) Coppins 

melaena (Nyl.) Hedl. 

misella (Nyl.) Hedl. 

myriocarpa Coppins 

nigella Coppins 

nitschkeana (Rabenh.) Harm. 

parva Coppins 

peliocarpa (Anzi) Coppins & R. Sant. 

prasina Fr. 

pycnidiophora Coppins & P. James 

subnigrata (Nyl.) Coppins & H. Kilias 

sylvicola (Flot.) Vězda & V. Wirth 

Microcalicium Vain. 

*arenarium (A. Massal.) Tibell 

Milospium D. Hawksw. 

*deslooveri Diederich & Sérus. 

*graphideorum (Nyl.) D. Hawksw. 

Miriquidica Hertel & Rambold 

deusta (Stenh.) Hertel & Rambold 

intrudens (H. Magn.) Hertel & Rambold 

sp. (see L8, under M. deusta) 

Moelleropsis Gyeln. 

nebulosa (Hoffm.) Gyeln. 

Monodictys S. Hughes 

*cellulosa S. Hughes 

Muellerella Müll. Arg. 

*hospitans Stizenb. 

*lichenicola (Sommerf.) D. Hawksw.


*pygmaea (Körb.) D. Hawksw. var. pygmaea 

*pygmaea var. athallina (Müll. Arg.) Triebel 

*pygmaea var. ventosicola (Mudd) Triebel 

*triseptata Diederich 

Mycobilimbia Rehm 

Biatora epixanthoides (Nyl.) Diederich 

hypnorum (Lib.) Kalb & Hafellner 

lobulata (Sommerf.) Hafellner 

sabuletorum (Schreb.) Hafellner 

Lecidea sanguineoatra auct., non (Wulfen) Ach. 

Biatora sphaeroides (Dicks.) Körb. 

Mycoblastus Norman 

fucatus (Stirt.) Zahlbr. 

sanguinarius (L.) Norman 

Mycoporum Nyl. 

(+)antecellans (Nyl.) R. C. Harris 

(+)Mycoporellum sacromontanum (Strasser) 

Redinger 

Naetrocymbe Körb. 

+fraxini (A. Massal.) R. C. Harris 

+punctiformis (Pers.) R. C. Harris 

+saxicola (A. Massal.) R. C. Harris 

Nectriopsis Maire 

+indigens (Arnold) Diederich & Schroers 

*lecanodes (Ces.) Diederich & Schroers 

*micareae Diederich, van den Boom & Ernst 

Neocoleroa Petr. 

*inundata (Vain.) Diederich 

Neofuscelia Essl. 

loxodes (Nyl.) Essl. 

pulla (Ach.) Essl. 

verruculifera (Nyl.) Essl. 

Nephroma Ach. 

laevigatum Ach. 

parile (Ach.) Ach. 

Normandina Nyl. 

acroglypta (Norman) Aptroot 

pulchella (Borrer) Nyl. 

Ochrolechia A. Massal. 

androgyna (Hoffm.) Arnold 

arborea (Kreyer) Almb. 

microstictoides Räsänen 

pallescens (L.) A. Massal. 

parella (L.) A. Massal. 

subviridis (Høeg) Erichsen 

tartarea (L.) A. Massal. 

turneri (Sm.) Hasselrot 

Omphalina Quél. 

hudsoniana (H. S. Jenn.) H. E. Bigelow 

umbellifera (L.: Fr.) Quél. 

Opegrapha Ach. 

atra Pers. 

calcarea Sm. 

culmigena Lib. 

lithyrga Ach. 

mougeotii A. Massal. 

ochrocheila Nyl. 

rufescens Pers. 

*rupestris Pers. 

saxatilis DC. 

varia Pers. 

variiformis Anzi 

vermicellifera (Kunze) J. R. Laundon 

viridis Pers. 

vulgata Ach. var. vulgata 

vulgata var. subsiderella Nyl. 

Ophioparma Norman 

ventosa (L.) Norman 

Pachyphiale Lönnr. 

carneola (Ach.) Arnold 

fagicola (Hepp) Zwackh 

Pannaria Delise 

conoplea (Ach.) Bory 

pezizoides (Weber) Trevis. 

Paranectria Sacc. 

*oropensis (Ces.) D. Hawksw. & Piroz. 

Parmelia Ach. 

omphalodes (L.) Ach. subsp. omphalodes 

omphalodes subsp. discordans (Nyl.) Skult 

saxatilis (L.) Ach. 

submontana Hale 

sulcata Taylor 

Parmeliella Müll. Arg. 

triptophylla (Ach.) Müll. Arg.


Parmelina Hale 

pastillifera (Harm.) Hale 

quercina (Willd.) Hale var. quercina 

tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale 

Parmeliopsis Nyl. 

ambigua (Wulfen) Nyl. 

Parmotrema A. Massal. 

chinense (Osbeck) Hale & Ahti 

crinitum (Ach.) Hale 

Peltigera Willd. 

canina (L.) Willd. 

collina (Ach.) Schrad. 

degenii Gyeln. 

didactyla (With.) J. R. Laundon 

elisabethae Gyeln. 

horizontalis (Huds.) Baumg. 

hymenina (Ach.) Delise 

lepidophora (Nyl.) Bitter 

leucophlebia (Nyl.) Gyeln. 

malacea (Ach.) Funck 

membranacea (Ach.) Nyl. 

neckeri Müll. Arg. 

neopolydactyla (Gyeln.) Gyeln. 

polydactylon (Neck.) Hoffm. 

ponojensis Gyeln. 

praetextata (Sommerf.) Zopf 

rufescens (Weiss) Humb. 

venosa (L.) Hoffm. 

Peridiothelia D. Hawksw. 

+fuliguncta (Norman) D. Hawksw. 

Pertusaria DC. 

albescens (Huds.) Choisy & Werner 

amara (Ach.) Nyl. 

aspergilla (Ach.) J. R. Laundon 

coccodes (Ach.) Nyl. 

corallina (L.) Arnold 

coronata (Ach.) Th. Fr. 

excludens Nyl. 

flavida (DC.) J. R. Laundon 

hemisphaerica (Flörke) Erichsen 

hymenea (Ach.) Schaer. 

lactea (L.) Arnold 

leioplaca DC. 

multipuncta (Turner) Nyl. 

pertusa (Weigel) Tuck. 

pseudocorallina (Lilj.) Arnold 

pupillaris (Nyl.) Th. Fr. 

pustulata (Ach.) Dufour 

Petractis Fr. 

clausa (Hoffm.) Kremp. 

hypoleuca (Ach.) Vězda 

Pezizella Fuckel 

*epithallina (W. Phillips & Plowr.) Sacc. 

Phacopsis Tul. 

*oxyspora (Tul.) Triebel & Rambold 

Phaeographis Müll. Arg. 

dendritica (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

inusta (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

smithii (Leight.) B. de Lesd. 

Phaeophyscia Moberg 

cernohorskyi (Nádv.) Essl. 

chloantha (Ach.) Moberg 

ciliata (Hoffm.) Moberg 

endophoenicea (Harm.) Moberg 

nigricans (Flörke) Moberg 

orbicularis (Neck.) Moberg 

sciastra (Ach.) Moberg 

Phaeopyxis Rambold & Triebel 

*varia Coppins, Rambold & Triebel 

Phaeospora Stein 

*lecanorae Eitner 

*rimosicola (Mudd) Hepp 

Phaeosporobolus D. Hawksw. & Hafellner 

*alpinus R. Sant., Alstrup & D. Hawksw. 

*usneae D. Hawksw. & Hafellner 

Phlyctis Wallr. 

agelaea (Ach.) Flot. 

argena (Spreng.) Flot. 

Phoma Sacc. 

*cytospora (Vouaux) D. Hawksw. 

*lecanorina Diederich 

*peltigerae (P. Karst.) D. Hawksw. 

Physcia (Schreb.) Michx. 

adscendens (Fr.) H. Olivier 

aipolia (Humb.) Fürnr. 

caesia (Hoffm.) Fürnr. 

clementei (Turner) Maas Geest.


dimidiata (Arnold) Nyl. 

dubia (Hoffm.) Lettau var. dubia 

dubia var. teretiuscula (Ach.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

semipinnata (J. F. Gmel.) Moberg 

stellaris (L.) Nyl. 

subalbinea Nyl. 

tenella (Scop.) DC. 

tribacia (Ach.) Nyl. 

vitii Nádv. 

Physconia Poelt 

distorta (With.) J. R. Laundon 

enteroxantha (Nyl.) Poelt 

grisea (Lam.) Poelt 

perisidiosa (Erichsen) Moberg 

Placidiopsis Beltr. 

cartilaginea (Nyl.) Vain. 

cinerascens (Nyl.) Breuss 

Placidium A. Massal. 

pilosellum (Breuss) Breuss 

rufescens (Ach.) A. Massal. 

squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss 

Placocarpus Trevis. 

(*)schaereri (Fr.) Breuss 

Placolecis Trevis. 

opaca (Fr.) Hafellner 

Placopsis (Nyl.) Linds. 

lambii Hertel & V. Wirth 

Placopyrenium Breuss 

Catapyrenium subtrachyticum B. de Lesd. 

trachyticum (Hazsl.) Breuss 

Placynthiella Elenkin 

dasaea (Stirt.) Tønsberg 

icmalea (Ach.) Coppins & P. James 

oligotropha (J. R. Laundon) Coppins & P. James 

uliginosa (Schrad.) Coppins & P. James 

Placynthium (Ach.) Gray 

hungaricum Gyeln. 

nigrum (Huds.) Gray 

subradiatum (Nyl.) Arnold 

tremniacum (A. Massal.) Jatta 

Platismatia W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

glauca (L.) W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb. 

Pleopsidium Körb. 

chlorophanum (Wahlenb.) A. Massal. 

Pleurosticta Petr. 

acetabulum (Neck.) Elix & Lumbsch 

Polyblastia A. Massal. 

albida Arnold 

cupularis A. Massal. 

deminuta Arnold 

dermatodes A. Massal. 

philaea Zschacke 

Polychidium (Ach.) Gray 

muscicola (Sw.) Gray 

Polycoccum Körb. 

*crassum Vězda 

*kerneri J. Steiner 

*marmoratum (Kremp.) D. Hawksw. 

*microstictum (Mudd) Arnold 

*opulentum (Th. Fr.) Arnold 

*peltigerae (Fuckel) Vězda 

*pulvinatum (Eitner) R. Sant. 

*tinantii Diederich 

Polysporina Vězda 

simplex (Davies) Vězda 

Porina Müll. Arg. 

aenea (Wallr.) Zahlbr. 

borreri (Trevis.) D. Hawksw. & P. James 

byssophila (Hepp) Zahlbr. 

chlorotica (Ach.) Müll. Arg. 

interjungens (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 

lectissima (Fr.) Zahlbr. 

leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) A. L. Sm. 

linearis (Leight.) Zahlbr. 

Porocyphus Körb. 

coccodes (Flot.) Körb. 

rehmicus (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. 

Porpidia Körb. 

albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Hertel & Knoph 

cinereoatra (Ach.) Hertel & Knoph 

contraponenda (Arnold) Knoph & Hertel 

crustulata (Ach.) Hertel & Knoph 

glaucophaea (Körb.) Hertel & Knoph 

hydrophila (Fr.) Hertel & A. J. Schwab 

macrocarpa (DC.) Hertel & A. J. Schwab 

musiva (Körb.) Hertel & Knoph


platycarpoides (Bagl.) Hertel 

soredizodes (Nyl.) J. R. Laundon 

tuberculosa (Sm.) Hertel & Knoph 

Pronectria Clem. 

*Illosporium carneum Fr. 

*leptaleae (J. Steiner) Lowen 

*ornamentata (D. Hawksw.) Lowen 

*robergei (Mont. & Desm.) Lowen 

*tenacis (Vouaux) Lowen 

*terrestris Lowen & Diederich 

*verrucariae (Vouaux) Lowen 

*xanthoriae Lowen & Diederich 

Protoblastenia (Zahlbr.) J. Steiner 

calva (Dicks.) Zahlbr. 

cyclospora (Körb.) Poelt 

incrustans (DC.) J. Steiner 

rupestris (Scop.) J. Steiner 

Protoparmelia Choisy 

(*)atriseda (Fr.) R. Sant. & V. Wirth 

badia (Hoffm.) Hafellner 

hypotremella van Herk, Spier & V. Wirth 

Protothelenella Räsänen 

corrosa (Körb.) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

Pseudevernia Zopf 

furfuracea (L.) Zopf 

Pseudorobillarda M. Morelet 

*peltigerae Diederich 

Psilolechia A. Massal. 

clavulifera (Nyl.) Coppins 

leprosa Coppins & Purvis 

lucida (Ach.) M. Choisy 

Psora Hoffm. 

decipiens (Hedw.) Hoffm. 

lurida (Ach.) DC. 

testacea Hoffm. 

vallesiaca (Schaer.) Timdal 

Psoroglaena Müll. Arg. 

stigonemoides (Orange) Henssen 

Psoroma Michx. 

hypnorum (Vahl) Gray 

Psorotichia A. Massal. 

schaereri (A. Massal.) Arnold 

Punctelia Krog 

borreri (Sm.) Krog 

subrudecta (Nyl.) Krog 

ulophylla (Ach.) van Herk & Aptroot, comb. ined. 

Pycnothelia (Ach.) Dufour 

papillaria (Ehrh.) Dufour 

Pyrenidium Nyl. 

*hetairizans (Leight.) Arnold 

Pyrenochaeta De Not. 

*xanthoriae Diederich 

Pyrenocollema Reinke 

chlorococcum Aptroot & van den Boom 

halodytes (Nyl.) R. C. Harris 

Pyrenula A. Massal. 

chlorospila Arnold 

laevigata (Pers.) Arnold 

macrospora (Degel.) Coppins & P. James 

nitida (Weigel) Ach. 

nitidella (Schaer.) Müll. Arg. 

Pyrrhospora Körb. 

quernea (Dicks.) Körb. 

rubiginans (Nyl.) P. James & Poelt 

Racodium Fr. 

rupestre Pers. 

Ramalina Ach. 

farinacea (L.) Ach. 

fastigiata (Pers.) Ach. 

fraxinea (L.) Ach. 

lacera (With.) J. R. Laundon 

pollinaria (Westr.) Ach. 

thrausta (Ach.) Nyl. 

Refractohilum D. Hawksw. 

*pluriseptatum Etayo & Cl. Roux 

Reichlingia Diederich & Scheid. 

?*leopoldii Diederich & Scheid. 

Rhaphidicyrtis Vain. 

trichosporella (Nyl.) Vain. 

Rhizocarpon DC. 

badioatrum (Spreng.) Th. Fr. 

disporum (Hepp) Müll. Arg. 

(*)distinctum Th. Fr.


furfurosum H. Magn. & J. Poelt 

geminatum Körb. 

geographicum (L.) DC. subsp. geographicum 

geographicum subsp. diabasicum (Räsänen) Poelt 

& Vězda 

geographicum subsp. lindsayanum (Räsänen), 

comb. ined. (provisionally placed here, art. 

34.1b) 

hochstetteri (Körb.) Vain. 

lavatum (Fr.) Hazsl. 

lecanorinum Anders 

oederi (Weber) Körb. 

petraeum (Wulfen) A. Massal. 

plicatile (Leight.) A. L. Sm. 

polycarpum (Grognot) Th. Fr. 

reductum Th. Fr. 

subgeminatum Eitner 

(*)trapeliicola Brand 

(*)viridiatrum (Wulfen) Körb. 

Rimelia Hale & A. Fletcher 

reticulata (Taylor) Hale & A. Fletcher 

Rimularia Nyl. 

furvella (Mudd) Hertel & Rambold 

Rinodina (Ach.) Gray 

archaea (Ach.) Arnold 

aspersa (Borrer) J. R. Laundon 

atrocinerea (Hook.) Körb. 

bischoffii (Hepp) A. Massal. 

brandii Giralt & van den Boom 

calcarea (Arnold) Arnold 

dubyana (Hepp) J. Steiner 

efflorescens Malme 

gennarii Bagl. 

griseosoralifera Coppins 

immersa (Körb.) Arnold 

interpolata (Stirt.) Sheard 

lecanorina (A. Massal.) A. Massal. 

occulta (Körb.) Sheard 

oleae Bagl. 

oxydata (A. Massal.) A. Massal. s. l. 

pityrea Ropin & H. Mayrhofer 

pyrina (Ach.) Arnold 

sicula H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

teichophila (Nyl.) Arnold 

tunicata H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

Rinodinella H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

dubyanoides (Hepp) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt 

Ropalospora A. Massal. 

viridis (Tønsberg) Tønsberg 

Roselliniella Vain. 

*cladoniae (Anzi) Matzer & Hafellner 

*microthelia (Wallr.) Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner, 

comb. ined. 

Roselliniopsis Matzer & Hafellner 

*groedensis (Zopf) Matzer & Hafellner 

*tartaricola (Nyl.) Matzer 

Sagediopsis (Sacc.) Vain. 

*barbara (Th. Fr.) R. Sant. & Triebel 

Sagiolechia A. Massal. 

protuberans (Ach.) A. Massal. 

Sarcogyne Flot. 

regularis Körb. 

Sarcopyrenia Nyl. 

(*)gibba (Nyl.) Nyl. var. geisleri (Beckh.) Nav.- 

Ros. & Hladun 

Sarcosagium A. Massal. 

campestre (Fr.) Poetsch & Schied. var. campestre 

campestre var. macrosporum Coppins & P. James 

Schaereria Körb. 

cinereorufa (Schaer.) Th. Fr. 

fuscocinerea (Nyl.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux 

Schismatomma A. Massal. 

decolorans (Sm.) Clauzade & Vězda 

umbrinum (Coppins & P. James) P. M. Jørg. & 

Tønsberg 

Sclerococcum Fr. 

*epiphytorum Diederich 

*sphaerale (Ach.) Fr. 

Scoliciosporum A. Massal. 

chlorococcum (Stenh.) Vězda 

gallurae Vězda & Poelt 

pruinosum (P. James) Vězda 

sarothamni (Vain.) Vězda 

umbrinum (Ach.) Arnold 

Scutula Tul. 

(*)dedicata Triebel, Wedin & Rambold


*Libertiella didymospora D. Hawksw. & 

Miądlikowska 

*Libertiella malmedyensis Speg. & Roum. 

Skyttea Sherwood, D. Hawksw. & Coppins 

*buelliae Sherwood, D. Hawksw. & Coppins 

*hawksworthii Diederich 

*nitschkei (Körb.) Sherwood, D. Hawksw. & Coppins 

Solenopsora A. Massal. 

candicans (Dicks.) J. Steiner 

Solorina Ach. 

saccata (L.) Ach. 

Sphaerellothecium Zopf 

*cladoniicola E. S. Hansen & Alstrup 

*coniodes (Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Diederich 

*propinquellum (Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Triebel 

Sphaerophorus Pers. 

fragilis (L.) Pers. 

globosus (Huds.) Vain. 

Sphaerulina Sacc. 

*intermedia Vouaux 

Sphinctrina Fr. 

*leucopoda Nyl. 

*tubiformis A. Massal. 

*turbinata (Pers.) De Not. 

Squamarina Poelt 

cartilaginea (With.) P. James 

gypsacea (Sm.) Poelt 

lentigera (Weber) Poelt 

oleosa (Zahlbr.) Poelt 

Staurothele Norman 

caesia (Arnold) Arnold 

fissa (Taylor) Zwackh 

frustulenta Vain. 

guestphalica (Körb.) Arnold 

hymenogonia (Nyl.) Th. Fr. 

rugulosa (A. Massal.) Arnold 

Steinia Körb. 

geophana (Nyl.) Stein 

Stenocybe (Nyl.) Körb. 

+pullatula (Ach.) Stein 

Stereocaulon Hoffm. 

condensatum Hoffm. 

dactylophyllum Flörke 

evolutum Graewe 

nanodes Tuck. 

pileatum Ach. 

saxatile H. Magn. 

tomentosum Fr. 

vesuvianum Pers. var. nodulosum (Wallr.) I. M. Lamb 

Sticta (Schreb.) Ach. 

fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach. 

limbata (Sm.) Ach. 

sylvatica (Huds.) Ach. 

Stigmidium Trevis. 

*bellemerei Cl. Roux & Nav.-Ros. 

*cerinae Cl. Roux & Triebel 

*clauzadei Cl. Roux & Nav.-Ros. 

*marinum (Deakin) Swinscow 

*Pharcidia maritima B. de Lesd. 

*microspilum (Körb.) D. Hawksw. 

*pseudopeltideae Cl. Roux & Triebel ined. 

*rivulorum (Kernst.) Cl. Roux & Nav.-Ros. 

*solorinarium (Vain.) D. Hawksw. 

Strangospora Körb. 

moriformis (Ach.) Stein 

ochrophora (Nyl.) R. A. Anderson 

pinicola (A. Massal.) Körb. 

Strigula Fr. 

affinis (A. Massal.) R. C. Harris 

calcarea Bricaud & Cl. Roux 

jamesii (Swinscow) R. C. Harris 

taylorii (Nyl.) R. C. Harris 

Synalissa Fr. 

symphorea (Ach.) Nyl. 

Syzygospora G. W. Martin 

*bachmannii Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

*physciacearum Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

Taeniolella S. Hughes 

*beschiana Diederich 

*chrysothricis Diederich 

*delicata M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

*phaeophysciae D. Hawksw. 

*punctata M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

*trapeliopseos Diederich


Taeniolina M. B. Ellis 

*scripta (P. Karst.) P. M. Kirk 

Telogalla Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner ined. 

*olivieri (Vouaux) Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner, comb. 

ined. 

Teloschistes Norman 

chrysophthalmus (L.) Th. Fr. 

Tephromela Choisy 

atra (Huds.) Hafellner 

grumosa (Pers.) Hafellner & Cl. Roux 

Thelidium A. Massal. 

decipiens (Nyl.) Kremp. 

dionantense (Hue) Zschacke 

incavatum Mudd 

minutulum Körb. 

olivaceum (Fr.) Körb. 

papulare (Fr.) Arnold 

zwackhii (Hepp) A. Massal. 

Thelocarpon Hue 

coccosporum Lettau 

depressellum Vain. 

*epibolum Nyl. 

intermediellum Nyl. 

laureri (Flot.) Nyl. 

lichenicola (Fuckel) Poelt & Hafellner 

strasseri Zahlbr. 

Thelomma A. Massal. 

ocellatum (Körb.) Tibell 

Thelotrema Ach. 

lepadinum (Ach.) Ach. 

Thrombium Wallr. 

epigaeum (Pers.) Wallr. 

Thyrea A. Massal. 

confusa Henssen 

girardii (Durieu & Mont.) Bagl. & Carestia 

Tomasellia A. Massal. 

gelatinosa (Chevall.) Zahlbr. 

Toninia A. Massal. 

aromatica (Sm.) A. Massal. 

athallina (Hepp) Timdal 

candida (Weber) Th. Fr. 

*episema (Nyl.) Timdal 

philippea (Mont.) Timdal 

sedifolia (Scop.) Timdal 

tumidula (Sm.) Zahlbr. 

(*)verrucarioides (Nyl.) Timdal 

Trapelia M. Choisy 

coarctata (Sm.) M. Choisy 

corticola Coppins & P. James 

involuta (Taylor) Hertel 

obtegens (Th. Fr.) Hertel 

placodioides Coppins & P. James 

Trapeliopsis Hertel & Gotth. Schneider 

flexuosa (Fr.) Coppins & P. James 

gelatinosa (Flörke) Coppins & P. James 

granulosa (Hoffm.) Lumbsch 

percrenata (Nyl.) Gotth. Schneider 

pseudogranulosa Coppins & P. James 

Tremella Pers. 

*Lindauopsis caloplacae Zahlbr. 

*candelariellae Diederich & Etayo 

*cladoniae Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

*hypogymniae Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

*lichenicola Diederich 

*pertusariae Diederich 

*phaeophysciae Diederich & M. S. Christ. 

Tremolecia Choisy 

atrata (Ach.) Hertel 

Trichonectria Kirschst. 

*hirta (Bloxam) Petch 

*rubefaciens (Ellis & Everh.) Diederich & Schroers 

Trimmatostroma Corda 

*lichenicola M. S. Christ. & D. Hawksw. 

Trimmatothele Norman 

maritima (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr. 

Tuckermannopsis Gyeln. 

chlorophylla (Willd.) Hale 

sepincola (Ehrh.) Hale 

Umbilicaria Hoffm. 

deusta (L.) Baumg. 

grisea Hoffm. 

hirsuta (Westr.) Hoffm. 

polyphylla (L.) Baumg. 

polyrrhiza (L.) Fr.


Unguiculariopsis Rehm 

*acrocordiae (Diederich) Diederich & Etayo, 

comb. ined. 

*lesdainii (Vouaux) Etayo & Diederich, comb. ined. 

*refractiva (Coppins) Coppins 

*sp. (as ‘Unguiculariopsis sp. 1’ in Diederich 1989) 

Usnea Adans. 

articulata (L.) Hoffm. 

ceratina Ach. 

cornuta Körb. 

filipendula Stirt. 

flammea Stirt. 

florida (L.) F. H. Wigg. 

fragilescens Lynge var. fragilescens 

fulvoreagens (Räsänen) Räsänen 

glabrata (Ach.) Vain. 

hirta (L.) F. H. Wigg. 

madeirensis Motyka 

rubicunda Stirt. 

subfloridana Stirt. 

wasmuthii Räsänen 

Verrucaria Schrad. 

aethiobola Wahlenb. 

aquatilis Mudd 

arduennica Zschacke 

(*)aspiciliicola R. Sant. 

bryoctona (Th. Fr.) Orange 

caerulea DC. 

calciseda DC. 

compacta (A. Massal.) Jatta 

cyanea A. Massal. 

dolosa Hepp 

dufourii DC. 

elaeodes (Hue) Zschacke 

elaeomelaena (A. Massal.) Arnold 

foveolata (Flörke) A. Massal. 

funckii (Spreng.) Zahlbr. 

(*)fuscella (Turner) Winch 

(*)fuscula Nyl. 

glaucovirens Grummann 

hochstetteri Fr. 

hydrela Ach. 

integra (Nyl.) Nyl. 

(*)latericola Erichsen 

lecideoides Trevis. 

lignicola (B. de Lesd.) Zschacke 

macrostoma DC. 

maculiformis Kremp. 

margacea (Wahlenb.) Wahlenb. 

marmorea (Scop.) Arnold 

mortarii Lamy 

muralis Ach. 

murina Leight. 

nigrescens Pers. 

ochrostoma (Leight.) Trevis. 

pinguicula A. Massal. 

praetermissa (Trevis.) Anzi 

rheitrophila Zschacke 

sorbinea Breuss 

subfuscella Nyl. 

subtruncatula B. de Lesd. 

thalassina (Zahlbr.) Zschacke 

umbrinula Nyl. 

viridula (Schrad.) Ach. 

sp. (as ‘Verrucaria squamulosa ined.’ in Ertz 1999) 

Vezdaea Tscherm.-Woess & Poelt 

acicularis Coppins 

aestivalis (Ohlert) Tscherm.-Woess & Poelt 

leprosa (P. James) Poelt & Döbbeler 

retigera Poelt & Döbbeler 

rheocarpa Poelt & Döbbeler 

Vouauxiella Petr. & Syd. 

*lichenicola (Linds.) Petr. & Syd. 

*verrucosa (Vouaux) Petr. & Syd. 

Vulpicida Mattson & M. J. Lai 

pinastri (Scop.) Mattson & M. J. Lai 

Weddellomyces D. Hawksw. 

*epicallopisma (Wedd.) D. Hawksw. 

Woessia D. Hawksw. & Poelt 

arnoldiana (Körb.) Sérus. & Diederich 

caligans (Nyl.) Sérus. & Diederich 

Bacidia chloroticula (Nyl.) A. L. Sm. 

delicata (Leight.) Sérus. & Diederich 

Bacidia egenula (Nyl.) Arnold 

inundata (Fr.) Sérus. & Diederich 

Bacidia neosquamulosa Aptroot & van Herk 

Bacidia phacodes Körb. 

Bacidia saxenii Erichsen 

Xanthoparmelia (Vain.) Hale 

conspersa (Ach.) Hale 

mougeotii (D. Dietr.) Hale 

protomatrae (Gyeln.) Hale


somloënsis (Gyeln.) Hale var. somloënsis 

Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. 

calcicola Oxner 

candelaria (L.) Th. Fr. 

elegans (Link) Th. Fr. 

fallax (Hepp) Arnold 

parietina (L.) Th. Fr. 

polycarpa (Hoffm.) Rieber 

Xanthoriicola D. Hawksw. 

*physciae (Kalchbr.) D. Hawksw. 

Xylographa Fr. 

vitiligo (Ach.) J. R. Laundon 

Zwackhiomyces Grube & Hafellner 

*immersae (Arnold) Grube & Triebel 

*lecanorae (Stein) Nik. Hoffm. & Hafellner, comb. 

ined. 

*Pharcidia lithoiceae B. de Lesd. 

*martinatianus (Arnold) Triebel & Grube 

*physciicola Alstrup


Summary of abbreviations 

B Belgium Belgique België 

L Luxembourg (Grand Duchy) Luxembourg (Grand-Duché) Luxemburg (Groothertogdom) 

F northern France nord de la France Noord-Frankrijk 

D Germany Allemagne Duitsland 

NL The Netherlands Pays-Bas Nederland 

Mar. Maritime district district maritime Maritiem district 

Fl. Flemish district district flandrien Vlaams district 

Camp. Campine district district campinien Kempens district 

Brab. Brabant district district brabançon Brabants district 

Mosan Meuse district district mosan Maasdistrict 

Ard. Ardenne district district ardennais Ardens district 

Ard. (Haute Ard.) 

the Haute Ardenne subdistrict 

of the Ard. district 

le sous-district Haute 

Ardenne du district ard. 

het subdistrict Hoge 

Ardennen in Ard. 

Lorr. Lorraine district district lorrain Lotharings district 

Lorr. (Moselle) 

RRR 

RR 

R 

AR 

AC 

C 

CC 

extremely rare 

extrêmement rare 

uiterst zeldzaam 

very rare 

très rare 

zeer zeldzaam 

rare 

rare 

zeldzaam 

rather rare 

assez rare 

vrij zeldzaam 

rather common 

assez commun 

vrij algemeen 

common 

commun 

algemeen 

very common 

très commun 

zeer algemeen 

the Moselle subdistrict of 

the Lorraine district 

known from 1 locality 





known from < 25 % of the 

4×4 km 2 IFBL squares 

(≥ 10 loc.; Mar.: ≥ 7 loc.) 







le sous-district Moselle 

dans le district lorrain 

connu d’une seule 

localité 





connu de < 25 % des 

carrés IFBL de 4×4 km 2 

(≥ 10 loc.; Mar.: ≥ 7 loc.) 


carrés IFBL 


carrés IFBL 


carrés IFBL 

het subdistrict Moezel in 

het Lotharings district 

bekend van 1 locatie 





bekend uit < 25 % van de 

IFBL-hokken van 4x4 km 2 

(≥ 10 loc.; Mar.: ≥ 7 loc.) 






de IFBL-hokken


Map of the study area

The Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of Belgium and Luxembourg ...

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