Southern Ontario Vascular Plant Species List - Conservation Ontario

Southern Ontario 

Vascular Plant 

Species List

Southern Ontario 

Vascular Plant Species List 

3 rd Edition 

David J. Bradley 

Southern Science & Information Section 

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources 

Peterborough, Ontario 

© Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2013

Table of Contents 

Introduction ........................................................................................................................ ii 

Geographical Coverage ..................................................................................................... iii 

Nomenclature ..................................................................................................................... v 

Species Code ..................................................................................................................... vi 

List of Synonyms ………………………………………………………………………. vii 

SRank .............................................................................................................................. vii 

Plant Form Codes ............................................................................................................ viii 

Further Reading and Resources ......................................................................................... x 

Vascular Plant Species List …………………………………………………………...…. 1 

List of Synonyms ………………………………………………………………….…… 60 

i

Introduction 

Previous versions of this publication were based on the Ontario Plant List (OPL), 

published by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, 1998. There have been some 

notable changes in plant systematics and nomenclature over the past 15 years 

necessitating the need to update this species list. As a result of research associated with 

the publication of the Flora of North America (26 volumes in total) many taxonomic and 

nomenclatural updates have appeared in the literature. 

Concurrently, additional alien and native species have been observed and are now 

recorded as part of the flora of Ontario. With the release of this 3 rd edition of the Southern 

Ontario Vascular Plant List there is a more harmonious linkage with the plant names 

listed in web based databases such as NatureServe, PLANTS, VASCAN, FOIBIS and 

ITIS. 

The main function of this document is to provide a list of standardized species codes 

which can be used to quickly record plant species. Although this list has been compiled 

for use with the provincial Vegetation Sampling Protocol (VSP) and Ecological Land 

Classification (ELC) programs, it can also be used by other researchers who are 

collecting field data in southern Ontario. These seven digit species codes are used by 

ecologists and biologists to speed up the time required to document plant species 

observed in the field. 

With over 3,400 plant species [including subspecies, varieties and hybrid forms] to 

choose from (Natural Heritage Information Centre web site, 2011) it can sometimes be a 

bit problematic when identifying plants in the field. In an effort to simplify this process, 

plant species normally not observed in southern Ontario have been removed. Excluded 

species are those found in northern Ontario (Boreal Forest Region, north to Hudson Bay) 

and western species which are normally restricted to the Kenora, Rainy River and 

Thunder Bay districts. This brings the number of species down to roughly 2,900 species. 

This is still a sizable number of species to work with, but it does reduce the number of 

species to below 3,000. As a consequence of using this list, the accuracy of our field data 

has improved, eliminating records for more northern species which are not normally 

found in southern Ontario. 

ii

Geographical Coverage 

This species checklist has been compiled in order to assist field biologists who are 

sampling vegetated communities in southern Ontario. The intended range of coverage is 

ecoregions (Site Regions) 5E, 6E and 7E. 

iii

Total Number of Species 

John Morton and Joan Venn, University of Waterloo, published A Checklist of the Flora 

of Ontario - Vascular Plants in 1990. The total number of species in the province at that 

time was 2,888 species (including subspecies and varieties). In 1998, the Ontario Plant 

List was published by the Ontario Forest Research Institute, a branch of the Ontario 

Ministry of Natural Resources, which provided a listing of 3,340 vascular plants (tree, 

shrub, herbaceous and fern species). A more current number of over 3,400 plant species 

is listed on the Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC) website. 

Our provincial flora is dynamic in nature, changing from year to year. Each year seeds 

from non-native species are introduced into new environments within the jurisdictional 

boundary of Ontario. Sometimes these are accidental introductions, where seeds are 

attached to incoming railway cars, boats, or automobiles. Other introductions are a 

consequence of planting horticultural species in urban landscapes, and the subsequent 

dispersal of seeds into surrounding areas. 

There are also a few instances when plants were deliberately introduced into our flora. 

For example, White Mulberry (Morus alba) was planted in eastern north America to 

provide a food source for the Mulberry Silkworm (Bombyx mori). It was hopped that a 

North American silk industry could be developed replacing the importation of silk from 

China and Japan. However, the invention of modern day synthetic materials put an end to 

this endeavour in the mid 1940’s. Today this introduced tree species from northern China 

is found in Ontario, Quebec and most of the United States. 

Another reason for updating this species list is the discovery of previously unknown 

native plants species after the release of the OPL in 1998. This includes the addition of 

Swamp Cottonwood [Populus heterophylla], discovered in Essex County; Dwarf 

Dandelion [Krigia virginica] in Pinery Provincial Park, and Trailing Bush Clover 

[Lespedeza procumbens] discovered in Haldimand County. There are still some regions 

of the province that are poorly botanized and may still yield some new discoveries to our 

botanical flora. 

Some native species are disappearing from our flora as a result of the introduction of 

fungal pathogens which have been detrimental to some of our native trees. Two species in 

particular, American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) and Butternut (Juglans cinerea) are 

disappearing due to the introduction of infectious microorganisms. Chestnut blight and 

Butternut canker, along with a loss of suitable habitat have the potential to eliminate these 

species from our flora. Other plants such as Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) are 

disappearing as a consequence of the over harvesting of its underground tubers. 

As a result of these influences, the total number of species in Ontario will always be 

fluctuating to some extent. At best all we can do is provide a listing of the observed 

documented plant species, and continue to protect the varied habitats that are essential for 

their survival. 

iv

Nomenclature 

The nomenclature used for this listing of 2,919 plant species (including subspecies, 

varieties and hybrid forms) is aligned with the Integrated Taxonomic Information System 

(ITIS). This website is a reference site that is utilized by many environmental 

organizations and provides access to recently published plant nomenclature. 

English (Common) names listed in this publication are from the ITIS website. For a 

number of species the common name is derived from the NHIC or PLANTS databases. 

There has been no attempt to correlate these names with local field guides or plant 

manuals. 

As plant nomenclature changes, printed species list become outdated with time. While 

producing this publication, the ITIS website was accessed during a two month period (Jan 

& Feb, 2013), making this plant list static in time. Some entries in the ITIS database will 

have changed after this time period, thus making this species list slightly outdated before 

it is published. However, for the 98% of the names that do not change, this publication 

will still remain relevant and useable. 

Do not be surprised if there is a difference in the nomenclature used by these databases 

and the names found in this species list. As with political doctrine there is always some 

disagreement as to which phylogenetic treatment or species name to use. For example a 

common shrub found in wetlands and along the shoreline of lakes, Labrador Tea (Ledum 

groenlandicum) is listed as Rhododendron groenlandicum in the VASCAN and FNA 

databases. However, in the ITIS and NatureServe databases Labrador Tea is still listed as 

Ledum groenlandicum. In reality both names convey a label for a specific plant form, and 

both are valid names which are used to identify this species. It only becomes an issue 

when the binomial in use becomes obscure, thus making it difficult to quickly transfer 

knowledge relating to that plant species. 

Additional References 

The downside to these nomenclatural changes is the creation of multiple names for a 

single plant species. There are two publications which provide an annotated list to most 

of the older plant names which have been published in the past. Morton and Venn’s 

Checklist of the Flora of Ontario (1990), is still very useful since it can be used to trace 

the usage of older plant names. Likewise the Ontario Plant List (Newmaster, 1998) on 

which this document was originally based, includes a listing of many of the synonyms 

that have been published in the botanical literature. 

For a listing of plant species found outside of the intended geographical range of this 

publication check out web based resources such as the Northern Ontario Plant Database 

(NOPD), Flora Ontario – Integrated Botanical Information System (FOIBIS) or Natural 

Heritage Information Centre (NHIC). 

Here are some other useful web sites which can be helpful when looking for references to 

vascular plant names. 

FNA - http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 

v

PLANTS - http://plants.usda.gov/index.html 

VASCAN - http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search 

NatureServe - http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?init=Species 

Ontario Wildflowers - http://www.ontariowildflowers.com/ 

A full citation for these websites can be found in the References section. 

Species Code 

For data entry in the field it is more efficient to write down (or enter) an abbreviated 

code, rather than writing out the entire plant species name. It is much quicker to record 

the code APOCANA for Spreading Dogbane, rather than writing out Apocynum 

androsaemifolium ssp. androsaemifolium. 

Each seven digit code is constructed by using the first four characters of the genus name 

followed by the first 3 characters of the species name. Therefore, White Trillium 

(Trillium grandiflorum) has the 7 digit code TRILGRA. If there is an additional 

subspecies or variety ranking for a species, then the first two characters of the species 

epithet are used and the third (last) character consists of the first letter of the subspecies 

or varietal epithet. Winged Sumac (Rhus copallinum var. latifolia) has the code 

RHUSCOL. All of the abbreviated codes produced for this listing are unique for each 

species, subspecies and variety. 

In situations where the 7 digit code generated is the same for two separate species, then 

an alternate alphabetical character is used for the seventh digit of the code. For example, 

Water Arum (Calla palustris) and Spring Water Starwort (Callitriche palustris) would 

both produce the same seven character code. In this case the code CALLPLS is used for 

Water Arum, and CALLPLU is used for Spring Water Starwort. 

Here are some additional examples; 

Common Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina var. angustum ATHYFIA 

Slender Loose-flower Sedge Carex gracilescens 

CAREGRA 

Graceful Sedge Carex gracillima CAREGRM 

Plantain-leaf Sedge Carex plantaginea CAREPLA 

Broad-leaved Sedge Carex platyphylla CAREPLT 

For plants which have had their names changed, the original seven digit code will remain 

the same as before, with only the scientific name changing in the plant listing. For 

example, Fireweed listed in the previous versions as Epilobium angustifolium, is now 

listed as Chamerion angustifolium ssp. circumvagum. The 7 digit code EPILANG will 

remain the same, even though this species has been placed into the genus Chamerion. 

Often when new varieties are described for an existing species, the resulting code does 

not match as it did before. For example Spotted Coralroot (Corallorhiza maculata) had 

the code CORAMAC assigned to it. Now that there are two varieties listed for this 

species, the original code of CORAMAC is still used for Corallorhiza maculata var. 

maculata while Corallorhiza maculata var. occidentalis receives the code CORAMAO. 

vi

The logistics of trying to go back to all of the exiting versions of these databases and 

changing the plant species code is very cumbersome. Therefore the original codes 

developed for a species takes precedence even though there have been recent 

nomenclatural changes. 

List of Synonyms 

To make this third edition of the Southern Ontario Plant Species List more user friendly, 

a list of synonyms has been included. When looking for Round-lobed Hepatica (Hepatica 

americana) and not finding it in the main species list, then look in the List of Synonyms. 

Here the name Anemone americana [ANEMAME] is cited, since this binomial is 

currently used for this species. 

If a species name is listed twice in the List of Synonyms, it is a result of genetic evidence 

indicating that a species once thought of as a single species is actually two closely related 

species. For example Maidenhair Spleenwort (Asplenium trichomanes) used to be 

considered just one species. However it has been shown that one subspecies grows 

specifically on calcareous bedrock, while the other subspecies if found on metamorphic 

or igneous rock outcrops. Asplenium trichomanes is split into two separate subspecies 

with Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens growing on the Niagara Escarpment, 

while Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes is found on the Canadian Shield. 

SRank 

The Natural Heritage Information Centre uses a ranking system that considers the 

provincial rank of a species (element) as a tool to prioritize protection efforts. Provincial 

(Sub-national) ranks are also known as SRANK. These ranks have been assigned using 

the best available scientific information, and follow a systematic ranking procedure 

developed by The Nature Conservancy. Sub-national ranks are based on three factors: 

estimated number of occurrences, estimated community extent, and estimated range of 

the community within the province. These provincial ranks are summarized below. 

SH – Possibly Extirpated (Historical); species occurred historically and there 

is some possibility that it may be rediscovered. Its presence may not 

have been verified in the past 20-40 years 

S1 - Extremely rare in Ontario; usually 5 or fewer occurrences in the province, 

or only a couple remaining hectares 

S2 - Very rare in Ontario; usually between 6 and 20 occurrences in the province, 

or only a few remaining hectares 

S3 - Rare to uncommon in Ontario; usually between 21 and 80 occurrences in the 

province; may have fewer occurrences, but with some extensive examples 

remaining 

S4 - Considered to be common in Ontario. It denotes a species that is apparently 

secure, with over 80 occurrences in the province 

vii

S5 - Indicates that a species is widespread in Ontario. It is demonstrably secure 

in the province 

? - A question mark following the rank indicates that there is some uncertainty 

with the classification due to insufficient information. 

These provincial ranks may further be modified. 

S2S3 - Indicates that an element is rare, but insufficient information exists to 

accurately assign a single rank 

SNR - Unranked — conservation status Not Ranked 

SNA - Not Applicable – a conservation status rank is not applicable because 

the species is not a suitable target for conservation activities 

SX - 

SU - 

Indicates that an element is extirpated from the province 

Indicates that the status is uncertain due to insufficient information 

An additional rank not used by the NHIC. 

SHY - Indicates that the species is of a HYbrid origin 

(This rank is not used by the NHIC, but is included in this listing to 

identify plant forms that are variable and are the result of 

cross breeding) 

Plant Form Codes 

This column describes the general growth form of a plant species. Is it a forb, shrub or 

tree? 

Non vascular plants such as moss, liverwort, hornwort, algae and lichen have general 

placeholder codes which are included in this listing. In the case of some rock barrens, 

moss and lichen species are the dominate plant forms, so it is necessary to record a 

percent cover for these non-vascular plant groups. If your organization has someone who 

has expertise with non vascular plants or lichens, then identify them down to the genus or 

species level whenever possible. Generally, most organizations estimate just one percent 

cover value for all of the moss species combined together. 

The following is a listing of the abbreviations used in the table along with a brief 

explanation for each code. 

AL Algae colonial filamentous algal species found in 

freshwater aquatic habitats 

FE Fern non-flowering, vascular plant, reproducing by spores - 

Pteridophytes. Including the fern allies such as horsetail, 

viii

club-moss and quillwort. 

FO Forb herbaceous broad-leaved plant 

GR Grass graminoid plants in the Poaceae 

HR Hornwort members of the Anthocerotophyta division of plants 

LC Lichen crustose, foliose and fruticose lichen species 

LV Liverwort members of the Hepaticophyta division of plants 

MO Moss members of the Bryophyta division of plants 

RU Rush graminoid plants in the Juncaceae 

SE Sedge graminoid plants in the Cyperaceae 

SH Shrub plants with erect, reclining or prostrate woody stems 

(usually with more than one stem) 

TR Tree woody perennial plant having a single (1- 3) stem, 

usually with an elongate main stem (trunk) 

VI Vine herbaceous plant that trail, cling, or twine, and requires 

support to grow vertically 

VW Woody Vine a vine with a perennial woody stem 

ix

Further Reading and Resources 

FNA - Flora of North America north of Mexico: online website 2013 

Flora of North America Editorial Committee 

Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri 

http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1 

FOIBIS - Flora Ontario: online database 2013 

Flora Ontario – Integrated Botanical Information System (FOIBIS), Phase 1, 2005 

University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario 

http://www.uoguelph.ca/foibis/ 

ITIS Database: online database 2013 

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) 

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 

http://www.itis.gov 

Manual of Grasses for North America: online website 2013 

Utah State University 

Part of the Flora of North America project covering volumes 25, 2003, and 

vol. 24, published afterwards in 2007 

http://herbarium.usu.edu/grassmanual/ 

Morton, J. and Joan M. Venn. 1990 

A Checklist of the Flora of Ontario Vascular Plants 

University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario 

NHIC - Natural Heritage Information Centre: online website 2013 

Vascular Plant Species List 

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, Ontario 

http://nhic.mnr.gov.on.ca/MNR/nhic/nhic.cfm 

Nature Conservancy Canada: online website 2013 

R.R. #5, 5420 Highway 6 North, Guelph, Ontario 

http://www.natureconservancy.ca/site/PageServer?pagename=ncc_main 

NatureServe Explorer: online database 2013 

National Biological Information Infrastructure, U. S. Geological Survey 

Arlington, Virginia 

http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?init=Species 

Newmaster, S. G., A. Lehela, Peter W. C. Uhlig, Sean McMurray and Michael J. 

Oldham. 1998 

Ontario Plant List 

Forest Research Information Paper No. 123, Ontario Forest Research Institute 

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario 

x

(NOPD) Northern Ontario Plant Database: online database 2013 

Algoma University College and Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, 

Ontario 

http://www.northernontarioflora.ca/ 

Oldham, Michael J. and Sam R. Brinker. 2009 

Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario. 4 th edition 

Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources, 

Peterborough, Ontario 

PLANTS: online database 2013 

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 

http://plants.usda.gov/adv_search.html 

Puric-Mladenovic, Danijela, David J. Bradley and Alex MacIntosh. 2012 

A plot based Vegetation Sampling Protocol (VSP) for southern Ontario 

Southern Science and Information Section, Ontario Ministry of Natural 

Resources, Peterborough, Ontario 

Tropicos: online database 2013 

Missouri Botanical Garden 

http://www.tropicos.org/Home.aspx 

VASCAN: online database 2013 

Database of Vascular Plants of Canada 

University of Montreal Biodiversity Centre and partner organizations 

http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search 

xi

xii

Vascular Plant Species List

Southern Ontario Vascular Plant Species List 

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME CODE S_RANK FORM 

Abies balsamea Balsam Fir ABIEBAL S5 TR 

Abutilon theophrasti Velvetleaf ABUTTHE SNA FO 

Acalypha rhomboidea Virginia Three-seed Mercury ACALVIR S5 FO 

Acanthospermum hispidum Bristly Starbur ACANHIS SNA FO 

Acer campestre Hedge Maple ACERCAM SNA SH 

Acer ginnala Amur Maple ACERGIN SNA SH 

Acer negundo Manitoba Maple ACERNEG S5 TR 

Acer nigrum Black Maple ACERSAN S4? TR 

Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple ACERPEN S5 SH 

Acer platanoides Norway Maple ACERPLA SNA TR 

Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Maple ACERPSE SNA TR 

Acer rubrum Red Maple ACERRUB S5 TR 

Acer saccharinum Silver Maple ACERSCR S5 TR 

Acer saccharum Sugar Maple ACERSAS S5 TR 

Acer sp Maple Species ACER-SP 

Acer spicatum Mountain Maple ACERSPI S5 SH 

Acer X freemanii Freeman's Maple ACERFRE SHY4? TR 

Achillea filipendulina Fernleaf Yarrow ACHIFIL SNA FO 

Achillea millefolium Common Yarrow ACHIMIM S5 FO 

Achillea ptarmica Sneezeweed ACHIPTA SNA FO 

Achillea sp Yarrow Species ACHI-SP 

Acinos arvensis Basil Thyme ACINARV SNA FO 

Aconitum napellus Venus Chariot ACONNAP SNA FO 

Aconitum variegatum Manchurian Monkshood ACONVAR SNA FO 

Aconitum X bicolor Two-color Hybrid Monkshood ACONBIC SNA FO 

Acorus americanus Sweetflag ACORAME S4 FO 

Acorus calamus Calamus ACORCAL SNA FO 

Actaea pachypoda White Baneberry ACTAPAC S5 FO 

Actaea racemosa Black Cohosh CIMIRAC S2 FO 

Actaea rubra Red Baneberry ACTARUB S5 FO 

Actaea sp Baneberry Species ACTA-SP 

Actaea X ludovici Hybrid Baneberry ACTALUD SHY1? FO 

Adenocaulon bicolor American Trailplant ADENBIC S1 FO 

Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair Fern ADIAPED S5 FE 

Adlumia fungosa Climbing Fumitory ADLUFUN S4 VI 

Adonis annua Blooddrops ADONANN SNA FO 

Aegopodium podagraria Bishops Goutweed AEGOPOD SNA FO 

Aesculus glabra var. glabra Ohio Buckeye AESCGLG S1 TR 

Aesculus hippocastanum Horse Chestnut AESCHIP SNA TR 

Aesculus pavia Red Buckeye AESCPAV SNA TR 

Aesculus sp Buckeye Species AESC-SP 

Aethusa cynapium Fool's Parsley AETHCYN SNA FO 

Agalinis gattingeri Round-stem Agalinis AGALGAT S2 FO 

Agalinis paupercula var. borealis Small-flower Agalinis AGALPAB SU FO 

Agalinis paupercula var. paupercula Small-flower Agalinis AGALPAP S4S5 FO 

Agalinis purpurea Large Purple Agalinis AGALPUR S1 FO 

Agalinis skinneriana Skinner's Agalinis AGALSKI S1 FO 

Agalinis sp Agalinis Species AGAL-SP 

Agalinis tenuifolia var. macrophylla Slender-leaf Agalinis AGALTEM SU FO 

Agalinis tenuifolia var. parviflora Slender-leaf Agalinis AGALTEP S4S5 FO 

Agalinis tenuifolia var. tenuifolia Slender-leaf Agalinis AGALTET SU FO 

Agastache foeniculum Blue Giant Hyssop AGASFOE S4 FO 

Agastache nepetoides Yellow Giant Hyssop AGASNEP S4 FO 

Agastache scrophulariifolia Purple Giant Hyssop AGASSCR S1 FO 

Ageratina altissima var. altissima White Snakeroot EUPARUG S5 FO 

Agrimonia eupatoria European Agrimony AGRIEUP SNA FO 

1



Agrimonia gryposepala Tall Hairy Agrimony AGRIGRY S5 FO 

Agrimonia parviflora Small-flowered Agrimony AGRIPAR S4 FO 

Agrimonia pubescens Soft Agrimony AGRIPUB S4 FO 

Agrimonia sp Agrimony Species AGRI-SP 

Agrimonia striata Roadside Agrimony AGRISTR S4? FO 

Agropyron cristatum ssp. pectinatum Crested Wheat Grass AGROCRP SNA GR 

Agrostemma githago Common Corncockle AGROGIT SNA FO 

Agrostis capillaris Colonial Bentgrass AGROCAP SNA GR 

Agrostis gigantea Redtop Bentgrass AGROGIG SNA GR 

Agrostis hyemalis Winter Bentgrass AGROHYE S1 GR 

Agrostis perennans Autumn Bentgrass AGROPER S5 GR 

Agrostis scabra var. scabra Rough Bentgrass AGROSCA S5 GR 

Agrostis sp Bent Grass Species AGRO-SP 

Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bentgrass AGROSTO S5 GR 

Ailanthus altissima Tree-of-Heaven AILAALT SNA TR 

Ajuga genevensis Blue Bugle AJUGGEN SNA FO 

Ajuga reptans Common Bugle AJUGREP SNA FO 

Alcea pallida Eastern Hollyhock ALCEPAL SNA FO 

Alcea rosea Rose Hollyhock ALCEROS SNA FO 

Alchemilla monticola Hairy Lady's Mantle ALCHMON SNA FO 

Aletris farinosa White Colicroot ALETFAR S2 FO 

Algae sp Algae Species ALGA-SP 

Alisma gramineum Grass-leaved Water Plantain ALISGRA S4 FO 

Alisma subcordatum American Water Plantain ALISSUB S4? FO 

Alisma triviale Northern Water Plantain ALISPLA S5 FO 

Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard ALLIPET SNA FO 

Allium canadense var. canadense Canada Garlic ALLICAC S5 FO 

Allium cernuum var. cernuum Nodding Onion ALLICER S2 FO 

Allium oleraceum Field Garlic ALLIOLE SNA FO 

Allium sativum var. sativum Cultivated Garlic ALLISAT SNA FO 

Allium schoenoprasum var. schoenoprasum European Chives ALLISCC SNA FO 

Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum Wild Chives ALLISCS S4 FO 

Allium sp Onion Species ALLI-SP 

Allium tricoccum var. burdickii Narrowleaf Wild Leek ALLIBUR S1? FO 

Allium tricoccum var. tricoccum Wild Leek ALLITRI S4 FO 

Allium vineale ssp. vineale Wild Garlic ALLIVIV SNA FO 

Alnus glutinosa European Alder ALNUGLU SNA SH 

Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Speckled Alder ALNUINR S5 SH 

Alnus sp Alder Species ALNU-SP 

Alnus viridis ssp. crispa Green Alder ALNUVIC S5 SH 

Alopecurus aequalis var. aequalis Short-awn Foxtail ALOPAEQ S5 GR 

Alopecurus geniculatus var. geniculatus Water Foxtail ALOPGEN SNA GR 

Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail ALOPPRA SNA GR 

Alopecurus sp Foxtail Species ALOP-SP 

Althaea hirsuta Hairy Marshmallow ALTHHIR SNA FO 

Althaea officinalis Common Marshmallow ALTHOFF SNA FO 

Alyssum alyssoides Pale Madwort ALYSALY SNA FO 

Alyssum murale Yellowtuft ALYSMUR SNA FO 

Amaranthus albus Prostrate Pigweed AMARALB SNA FO 

Amaranthus blitoides Mat Amaranth AMARBLI SNA FO 

Amaranthus blitum Purple Amaranth AMARBLU SNA FO 

Amaranthus cruentus Red Amaranth AMARCRU SNA FO 

Amaranthus hybridus Green Pigweed AMARHYB SNA FO 

Amaranthus palmeri Careless Weed AMARPAL SNA FO 

Amaranthus powellii Powell Pigweed AMARPOW SNA FO 

Amaranthus retroflexus Red-root Amaranth AMARRET SNA FO 

2



Amaranthus sp Pigweed Species AMAR-SP 

Amaranthus spinosus Spiny Amaranth AMARSPI SNA FO 

Amaranthus tuberculatus Rough-fruit Amaranth AMARTUB S4 FO 

Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior Annual Ragweed AMBRART S5 FO 

Ambrosia psilostachya Cuman Ragweed AMBRPSI S4 FO 

Ambrosia sp Ragweed Species AMBR-SP 

Ambrosia trifida var. trifida Giant Ragweed AMBRTRI S5 FO 

Ambrosia X helenae Helen's Hybrid Ragweed AMBRHEL SNA FO 

Amelanchier arborea var. arborea Common Serviceberry AMELARB S5 SH 

Amelanchier bartramiana Northern Serviceberry AMELBAR S5 SH 

Amelanchier humilis Low Serviceberry AMELHUM S4S5 SH 

Amelanchier interior Inland Serviceberry AMELINT SU SH 

Amelanchier laevis Smooth Serviceberry AMELLAE S5 SH 

Amelanchier sanguinea var. sanguinea Roundleaf Serviceberry AMELSAN S5? SH 

Amelanchier sp Serviceberry Species AMEL-SP 

Amelanchier spicata Thicket Serviceberry AMELSPI S4? SH 

Amelanchier X intermedia Intermediate Hybrid Serviceberry AMELINM SU SH 

Amelanchier X neglecta Neglected Hybrid Serviceberry AMELNEG SU SH 

Amelanchier X quinti-martii Quint-Mart's Hybrid Serviceberry AMELQUI SU SH 

Amerorchis rotundifolia Roundleaf Orchid AMERROT S4S5 FO 

Ammannia robusta Grand Redstem AMMAROB S1 FO 

Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass AMMOBRE S4 GR 

Amorpha canescens Leadplant AMORCAN S1 SH 

Amorpha fruticosa Desert False Indigo AMORFRU SNA SH 

Amphicarpaea bracteata var. bracteata American Hog-peanut AMPHBRA S5 VI 

Anagallis arvensis ssp. arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel ANAGARV SNA FO 

Anaphalis margaritacea Common Pearly Everlasting ANAPMAR S5 FO 

Anchusa arvensis Small Bugloss ANCHARV SNA FO 

Anchusa officinalis Common Bugloss ANCHOFF SNA FO 

Andromeda polifolia var. glaucophylla Bog Rosemary ANDRPOG S5 SH 

Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem ANDRGER S4 GR 

Andropogon virginicus var. virginicus Broom-sedge Bluestem ANDRVIR S4 GR 

Androsace occidentalis Western Rock Jasmine ANDROCC SH FO 

Anemone acutiloba Sharplobe Hepatica ANEMACU S5 FO 

Anemone americana Round-lobe Hepatica ANEMAME S5 FO 

Anemone blanda Greek Thimbleweed ANEMBLA SNA FO 

Anemone canadensis Canada Anemone ANEMCAN S5 FO 

Anemone cylindrica Candle Anemone ANEMCYL S4 FO 

Anemone multifida var. hudsoniana Hudson Anemone ANEMMUM S5 FO 

Anemone quinquefolia var. quinquefolia Wood Anemone ANEMQUQ S5 FO 

Anemone sp Anemone Species ANEM-SP 

Anemone virginiana var. alba Riverbank Thimbleweed ANEMVIA SU FO 

Anemone virginiana var. virginiana Virginia Thimbleweed ANEMVIV S5 FO 

Anethum graveolens Dill ANETGRA SNA FO 

Angelica atropurpurea Purple-stem Angelica ANGEATR S5 FO 

Angelica lucida Seacoast Angelica ANGELUC SU FO 

Angelica sp Angelica Species ANGE-SP 

Angelica sylvestris Woodland Angelica ANGESYL SNA FO 

Angelica venenosa Hairy Angelica ANGEVEN SH FO 

Anoda cristata Crested Anoda ANODCRI SNA FO 

Antennaria howellii ssp. canadensis Canadian Pussytoes ANTEHOC SU FO 

Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica Small Pussytoes ANTEHON SU FO 

Antennaria howellii ssp. petaloidea Small Pussytoes ANTEHOP SU FO 

Antennaria neglecta Field Pussytoes ANTENEG S5 FO 

Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax Parlin's Pussytoes ANTEPAF SU FO 

Antennaria parlinii ssp. parlinii Parlin's Pussytoes ANTEPAP SU FO 

3



Antennaria sp Pussytoes Species ANTE-SP 

Anthemis arvensis Corn Chamomile ANTHARV SNA FO 

Anthemis cotula Chamomile ANTHCOT SNA FO 

Anthoxanthum hirtum Northern Sweet Grass ANTHHIR S4 GR 

Anthoxanthum nitens ssp. nitens Vanilla Sweet Grass HIERODO SU GR 

Anthoxanthum odoratum ssp. odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass ANTHODO SNA GR 

Anthriscus caucalis Burr Chervil ANTHCAU SNA FO 

Anthriscus cerefolium Garden Chervil ANTHCER SNA FO 

Anthriscus sylvestris Wild Chervil ANTHSYL SNA FO 

Anthyllis vulneraria Common Kidney Vetch ANTHVUL SNA FO 

Anticlea elegans var. glaucus Mountain Deathcamas ZIGAELG S4 FO 

Antirrhinum majus Garden Snapdragon ANTIMAJ SNA FO 

Apera interrupta Dense Silkybent APERINT SNA GR 

Apera spica-venti Loose Silkybent APERSPI SNA GR 

Apios americana Groundnut APIOAME S5 VI 

Aplectrum hyemale Puttyroot APLEHYE S2 FO 

Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane APOCANA S5 FO 

Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp APOCCAC S5 FO 

Apocynum sp Dogbane Species APOC-SP 

Apocynum X floribundum Intermediate Hybrid Dogbane APOCFLO SU FO 

Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine AQUICAN S5 FO 

Aquilegia vulgaris European Columbine AQUIVUL SNA FO 

Arabidopsis thaliana Mouse-ear Cress ARABTHA SNA FO 

Arabis caucasica Gray Rockcress ARABCAU SNA FO 

Arabis lyrata ssp. lyrata Lyrate Rockcress ARABLYR S4 FO 

Arabis pycnocarpa var. adpressipilis Cream-flower Rockcress ARABHIA S1 FO 

Arabis pycnocarpa var. pycnocarpa Western Hairy Rockcress ARABHIP S5 FO 

Arabis sp Rock Cress Species ARAB-SP 

Aralia elata Japanese Angelica Tree ARALELA SNA SH 

Aralia hispida Bristly Sarsaparilla ARALHIS S5 SH 

Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla ARALNUD S5 FO 

Aralia racemosa ssp. racemosa American Spikenard ARALRAR S5 FO 

Aralia sp Sarsaparilla Species ARAL-SP 

Arceuthobium pusillum Eastern Dwarf Mistletoe ARCEPUS S5 FO 

Arctium lappa Great Burdock ARCTLAP SNA FO 

Arctium minus Common Burdock ARCTMIM SNA FO 

Arctium sp Burdock Species ARCT-SP 

Arctium tomentosum Woolly Burdock ARCTTOM SNA FO 

Arctium X nothum Hybrid Burdock ARCTNOT SNA FO 

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry ARCTUVA S5 SH 

Arenaria serpyllifolia var. serpyllifolia Thyme-leaf Sandwort ARENSER SNA FO 

Arethusa bulbosa Dragon's Mouth ARETBUL S4 FO 

Argemone mexicana Mexican Prickly Poppy ARGEMEX SNA FO 

Arisaema dracontium Green Dragon ARISDRA S3 FO 

Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit ARISTRT S5 FO 

Aristida basiramea Forked Three-awn ARISBAS S2 GR 

Aristida dichotoma var. dichotoma Church-mouse Three-awn ARISDIC S1 GR 

Aristida longispica var. geniculata Kearney's Three-awn ARISLOG S2 GR 

Aristida longispica var. longispica Slim-spike Three-awn ARISLON S2 GR 

Aristida oligantha Old Field Three-awn ARISOLI SNA GR 

Aristida purpurascens var. purpurascens Arrow-feather Three-awn ARISPUP S1 GR 

Aristida sp Three-awn Grass Species ARIS-SP 

Aristolochia clematitis Birthwort ARISCLE SNA VI 

Aristolochia macrophylla Pipevine ARISMAC SNA VI 

Armoracia rusticana Horseradish ARMORUS SNA FO 

Arnoglossum plantagineum Groove-stem Indian Plantain CACAPLA S3 FO 

4



Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry ARONARB SU SH 

Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry ARONMEL S5 SH 

Aronia sp Chokeberry Species ARON-SP 

Aronia X prunifolia Hybrid Chokeberry ARONPRU SU SH 

Arrhenatherum elatius var. elatius Tall Oatgrass ARRHELA SNA GR 

Artemisia abrotanum Southern Wormwood ARTEABR SNA FO 

Artemisia absinthium Common Wormwood ARTEABS SNA FO 

Artemisia annua Annual Wormwood ARTEANN SNA FO 

Artemisia biennis Biennial Wormwood ARTEBIE SNA FO 

Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata Beach Wormwood ARTECAC S4S5 FO 

Artemisia frigida Fringed Sagebrush ARTEFRI S3 FO 

Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana Cudweed Sagewort ARTELUD S4? FO 

Artemisia pontica Roman Wormwood ARTEPON SNA FO 

Artemisia sp Wormwood Species ARTE-SP 

Artemisia stelleriana Oldwoman ARTESTE SNA FO 

Artemisia vulgaris Common Wormwood ARTEVUL SNA FO 

Aruncus dioicus var. dioicus Bride's Feathers ARUNDIO SNA FO 

Asarum canadense Canadian Wild Ginger ASARCAN S5 FO 

Asclepias exaltata Poke Milkweed ASCLEXA S4 FO 

Asclepias hirtella Hairy Milkweed ASCLHIR S1 FO 

Asclepias incarnata ssp. incarnata Swamp Milkweed ASCLINI S5 FO 

Asclepias purpurascens Purple Milkweed ASCLPUR S2 FO 

Asclepias quadrifolia Fourleaf Milkweed ASCLQUA S1 FO 

Asclepias sp Milkweed Species ASCL-SP 

Asclepias sullivantii Prairie Milkweed ASCLSUL S3 FO 

Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed ASCLSYR S5 FO 

Asclepias tuberosa ssp. interior Butterfly Milkweed ASCLTUB S4 FO 

Asclepias verticillata Whorled Milkweed ASCLVER S4 FO 

Asclepias viridiflora Green Milkweed ASCLVIR S2 FO 

Asimina triloba Pawpaw ASIMTRI S3 SH 

Asparagus officinalis Garden Asparagus ASPAOFF SNA FO 

Asperugo procumbens German Madwort ASPEPRO SNA FO 

Asperula arvensis Blue Woodruff ASPEARV SNA FO 

Asplenium platyneuron var. platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort ASPLPLA S4 FE 

Asplenium rhizophyllum Walking Fern ASPLRHI S4 FE 

Asplenium ruta-muraria var. cryptolepis Wallrue ASPLRUT S2 FE 

Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum Hart's-tongue Fern ASPLSCA S3 FE 

Asplenium sp Spleenwort Species ASPL-SP 

Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens Limestone Maidenhair Spleenwort ASPLTRQ S5 FE 

Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort ASPLTRT S5 FE 

Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum Green Spleenwort ASPLTRI S4 FE 

Aster sp Aster Species ASTE-SP 

Astragalus canadensis var. canadensis Canadian Milkvetch ASTRCAN S4 FO 

Astragalus cicer Cicer Milkvetch ASTRCIC SNA FO 

Astragalus glycyphyllos Licorice Milkvetch ASTRGLY SNA FO 

Astragalus neglectus Cooper's Milkvetch ASTRNEG S3 FO 

Astragalus sp Milkvetch Species ASTR-SP 

Athyrium filix-femina ssp. angustum Common Ladyfern ATHYFIA S5 FE 

Atriplex hortensis Garden Orache ATRIHOR SNA FO 

Atriplex micrantha Two-scale Orache ATRIMIC SNA FO 

Atriplex oblongifolia Oblong-leaf Orache ATRIOBL SNA FO 

Atriplex patula Halberd-leaf Orache ATRIPAT S5 FO 

Atriplex prostrata Hastate Orache ATRIPRO S5 FO 

Atriplex rosea Tumbling Orache ATRIROS SNA FO 

Atriplex sp Orach Species ATRP-SP 

Atriplex suckleyi Thickleaf Orach ATRISUC SNR FO 

5



Aureolaria flava var. flava Smooth Yellow False Foxglove AUREFLA S2? FO 

Aureolaria pedicularia var. pedicularia Fernleaf Yellow False Foxglove AUREPED S2? FO 

Aureolaria sp Yellow False Foxglove Species AURE-SP 

Aureolaria virginica Downy Yellow False Foxglove AUREVIR S1 FO 

Aurinia saxatilis Backet of Gold AURISAX SNA FO 

Avena fatua Flax Grass AVENFAT SNA GR 

Avena sativa Common Oat AVENSAT SNA GR 

Avena sp Oat Species AVEN-SP 

Avena sterilis Animated Oat AVENSTE SNA GR 

Avenella flexuosa Crinkled Hairgrass DESCFLE S5 GR 

Axyris amaranthoides Russian Pigweed AXYRAMA SNA FO 

Azolla caroliniana Eastern Mosquito Fern AZOLCAR S1? FE 

Ballota nigra var. nigra Black Horehound BALLNIN SNA FO 

Baptisia australis var. minor Blue Wild Indigo BAPTAUM SNA FO 

Baptisia tinctoria Yellow Wild Indigo BAPTTIN S2 FO 

Barbarea verna Early Yellow Rocket BARBVER SNA FO 

Barbarea vulgaris Garden Yellow-rocket BARBVUL SNA FO 

Bartonia paniculata ssp. paniculata Twining Screwstem BARTPAP S1 FO 

Bartonia virginica Yellow Screwstem BARTVIR S2 FO 

Beckmannia syzigachne American Sloughgrass BECKSYZ S4 GR 

Bellis perennis English Daisy BELLPER SNA FO 

Berberis sp Barberry Species BERB-SP 

Berberis thunbergii Japanese Barberry BERBTHU SNA SH 

Berberis vulgaris Common Barberry BERBVUL SNA SH 

Berberis X ottawensis Ottawa Hybrid Barberry BERBOTT SNA SH 

Berteroa incana Hoary Alyssum BERTINC SNA FO 

Berula erecta Cutleaf Water Parsnip BERUERE SNR FO 

Betula alleghaniensis var. fallax Yellow Birch BETUALL S5 TR 

Betula lenta Sweet Birch BETULEN S1 TR 

Betula papyrifera var. papyrifera Paper Birch BETUPAP S5 TR 

Betula pendula European White Birch BETUPEN SNA TR 

Betula populifolia Gray Birch BETUPOP S5 TR 

Betula pubescens ssp. pubescens Downy Birch BETUPUP SNA TR 

Betula pumila var. pumila Swamp Birch BETUPUM S5 SH 

Betula sp Birch Species BETU-SP 

Betula X purpusii Purpus' Hybrid Birch BETUPUR SHY1? TR 

Betula X sandbergii Sandberg's Hybrid Birch BETUSAN SHY3? TR 

Bidens aristosa Bearded Beggarticks BIDEARI SNA FO 

Bidens beckii Beck's Water Marigold MEGABEC S5 FO 

Bidens bipinnata Spanish Needles BIDEBIP SNA FO 

Bidens cernua Nodding Bur Marigold BIDECER S5 FO 

Bidens connata Purple-stem Beggarticks BIDECON S4? FO 

Bidens discoidea Discoid Beggarticks BIDEDIS S4 FO 

Bidens frondosa Devil's Beggarticks BIDEFRO S5 FO 

Bidens pilosa Hairy Beggarticks BIDEPIL SNA FO 

Bidens polylepis Awnless Beggarticks BIDEPOL SNA FO 

Bidens sp Beggar-ticks Species BIDE-SP 

Bidens trichosperma Crowned Beggarticks BIDECOR S2 FO 

Bidens tripartita Three-lobe Beggarticks BIDETRI S5 FO 

Bidens vulgata Bid Devil's Beggarticks BIDEVUL S5 FO 

Blephilia ciliata Downy Pagoda Plant BLEPCIL S1 FO 

Blephilia hirsuta var. hirsuta Hairy Pagoda Plant BLEPHIR S1 FO 

Boechera canadensis Sicklepod Rockcress ARABCAN S4 FO 

Boechera dentata Short's Rockcress ARABSHO S2 FO 

Boechera grahamii Graham's Rockcress ARABDIL S2? FO 

Boechera laevigata Smooth Rockcress ARABLAE S5 FO 

6



Boechera retrofracta Reflexed Rockcress BOECRET S4? FO 

Boechera sp Rockcress Species BOEC-SP 

Boechera stricta Drummond's Rockcress ARABDRU S4 FO 

Boehmeria cylindrica Small-spike False Nettle BOEHCYL S5 FO 

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis River Bulrush SCIRFLU S4S5 SE 

Bolboschoenus maritimus ssp. maritimus Alkali Bulrush SCIRMAR S3? SE 

Borago officinalis Common Borage BORAOFF SNA FO 

Botrychium dissectum Cutleaf Grapefern BOTRDIS S5 FE 

Botrychium lanceolatum var. angustisegmentum Lanceleaf Grapefern BOTRLAA S3? FE 

Botrychium lunaria Common Moonwort BOTRLUN S4S5 FE 

Botrychium matricariifolium Daisyleaf Moonwort BOTRMAT S4S5 FE 

Botrychium minganense Mingan Moonwort BOTRMIN S4 FE 

Botrychium multifidum Broadleaf Grapefern BOTRMUL S5 FE 

Botrychium oneidense Bluntlobe Grapefern BOTRONE S3? FE 

Botrychium rugulosum Rugulose Grapefern BOTRRUG S2 FE 

Botrychium simplex Little Grapefern BOTRSIM S4? FE 

Botrychium sp Grape Fern Species BOTR-SP 

Botrychium virginianum Rattlesnake Fern BOTRVIR S5 FE 

Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula Sideoats Grama BOUTCUR S2 GR 

Bouteloua gracilis Blue Grama BOUTGRA SNA GR 

Brachyelytrum aristosum Northern Shorthusk BRACERG S4S5 GR 

Brachyelytrum erectum Bearded Shorthusk BRACERE S4? GR 

Brasenia schreberi Watershield BRASSCH S5 FO 

Brassica juncea Chinese Mustard BRASJUN SNA FO 

Brassica napus Rape BRASNAP SNA FO 

Brassica nigra Black Mustard BRASNIG SNA FO 

Brassica oleracea Cabbage BRASOLE SNA FO 

Brassica rapa Field Mustard BRASRAP SNA FO 

Brassica sp Mustard Species BRAS-SP 

Briza maxima Big Quaking Grass BRIZMAX SNA GR 

Briza media Perennial Quaking Grass BRIZMED SNA GR 

Bromus arvensis Field Brome BROMARV SNA GR 

Bromus briziformis Rattlesnake Brome BROMBRI SNA GR 

Bromus ciliatus Fringed Brome BROMCIL S5 GR 

Bromus commutatus Hairy Brome BROMCOM SNA GR 

Bromus danthoniae Oat Brome BROMDAN SNA GR 

Bromus erectus Erect Brome BROMERE SNA GR 

Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Downy Brome BROMHOH SNA GR 

Bromus hordeaceus ssp. pseudothominei Soft Brome BROMPSE SNA GR 

Bromus inermis Awnless Brome BROMINI SNA GR 

Bromus japonicus Japanese Brome BROMJAP SNA GR 

Bromus kalmii Arctic Brome BROMKAL S4 GR 

Bromus latiglumis Broad-glumed Brome BROMLAT S4 GR 

Bromus nottowayanus Nottoway Valley Brome BROMNOT S1S2 GR 

Bromus pubescens Hairy Wood Brome BROMPUB S4 GR 

Bromus racemosus Bald Brome BROMRAC SNA GR 

Bromus secalinus Rye Brome BROMSES SNA GR 

Bromus sp Brome Species BROM-SP 

Bromus squarrosus Corn Brome BROMSQU SNA GR 

Bromus sterilis Barren Brome BROMSTE SNA GR 

Bromus tectorum Cheat Grass BROMTEC SNA GR 

Buchnera americana American Bluehearts BUCHAME S1 FO 

Buddleja davidii Orange-eye Butterfly Bush BUDDDAV SNA SH 

Buglossoides arvensis Corn Gromwell BUGLARV SNA FO 

Bulbostylis capillaris Dense-tuft Hairsedge BULBCAC S4 SE 

Bupleurum rotundifolium Hare's-ear BUPLROT SNA FO 

7



Butomus umbellatus Flowering Rush BUTOUMB SNA FO 

Cabomba caroliniana var. caroliniana Carolina Fanwort CABOCAR SNA FO 

Cakile edentula var. lacustris Great Lakes Searocket CAKIEDL S4 FO 

Calamagrostis canadensis var. canadensis Canada Bluejoint CALACAN S5 GR 

Calamagrostis canadensis var. langsdorffii Big Reedgrass CALACAL SNR GR 

Calamagrostis canadensis var. macouniana Macoun's Reedgrass CALACAM SU GR 

Calamagrostis epigeios Chee Reedgrass CALAEPI SNA GR 

Calamagrostis sp Reed Grass Species CALA-SP 

Calamagrostis stricta ssp. inexpansa Northern Reedgrass CALASTI S5 GR 

Calamagrostis stricta ssp. stricta Slim-stem Reedgrass CALASTS SU GR 

Calamovilfa longifolia var. magna Prairie Sandreed CALALOM S3 GR 

Calendula officinalis Calendula CALEOFF SNA FO 

Calla palustris Water Arum CALLPLS S5 FO 

Callitriche hermaphroditica Autumn Water Starwort CALLHER S5 FO 

Callitriche heterophylla ssp. heterophylla Greater Water Starwort CALLHEH S2? FO 

Callitriche palustris Spring Water Starwort CALLPLU S5 FO 

Callitriche sp Water Starwort Species CALH-SP 

Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus Tuberous Grasspink CALOTUB S4S5 FO 

Caltha palustris Yellow Marsh Marigold CALTPAL S5 FO 

Calypso bulbosa var. americana Fairy Slipper CALYBUL S4S5 FO 

Calystegia hederacea Japanese False Bindweed CALYHED SNA VI 

Calystegia pellita Hairy False Bindweed CALYPEL SNA VI 

Calystegia sepium ssp. americana American Hedge False Bindweed CALYSEA SU VI 

Calystegia sepium ssp. angulata Common Hedge False Bindweed CALYSEG SU VI 

Calystegia sepium ssp. erratica Erratic Hedge False Bindweed CALYSEE SU VI 

Calystegia sp Bindweed Species CALS-SP 

Calystegia spithamaea ssp. spithamaea Low False Bindweed CALYSPS S4S5 VI 

Camassia scilloides Atlantic Camas CAMASCI S2 FO 

Camelina microcarpa Little-pod False Flax CAMEMIC SNA FO 

Camelina sativa ssp. sativa Large-seed False Flax CAMESAT SNA FO 

Campanula aparinoides Bedstraw Bellflower CAMPAPA S5 FO 

Campanula glomerata Clustered Bellflower CAMPGLO SNA FO 

Campanula medium Canterbury Bellflower CAMPMED SNA FO 

Campanula persicifolia Peach-leaf Bellflower CAMPPER SNA FO 

Campanula rapunculoides Rampion Bellflower CAMPRAP SNA FO 

Campanula rotundifolia Bluebell Bellflower CAMPROT S5 FO 

Campanula sp Bellfower Species CAMP-SP 

Campanula trachelium Nettle-leaf Bellfower CAMPTRA SNA FO 

Campanulastrum americanum American Bellflower CAMPAME S4 FO 

Campsis radicans Trumpet Creeper CAMPRAD S2? VW 

Cannabis sativa Marijuana CANNSAT SNA FO 

Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's Purse CAPSBUR SNA FO 

Caragana arborescens Siberian Peashrub CARAARB SNA SH 

Caragana frutex Russian Peashrub CARAFRU SNA SH 

Cardamine bulbosa Bulbous Bittercress CARDBUL S4 FO 

Cardamine concatenata Cutleaf Toothwort CARDCON S5 FO 

Cardamine diphylla Two-leaf Toothwort CARDDIP S5 FO 

Cardamine douglassii Limestone Bittercress CARDDOU S4 FO 

Cardamine flexuosa Woodland Bittercress CARDFLE SNA FO 

Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bittercress CARDHIR SNA FO 

Cardamine impatiens Narrowleaf Bittercress CARDIMP SNA FO 

Cardamine maxima Large Toothwort CARDMAX S3 FO 

Cardamine parviflora var. arenicola Sand Bittercress CARDPAR S5 FO 

Cardamine pensylvanica Pennsylvania Bittercress CARDPEN S5 FO 

Cardamine pratensis var. pratensis Cuckoo Flower CARDPRA S5 FO 

Cardamine sp Bitter Cress Species CARD-SP 

8



Carduus acanthoides ssp. acanthoides Plumeless Thistle CARDACA SNA FO 

Carduus crispus Curled Thistle CARDCRI SNA FO 

Carduus nutans Musk Thistle CARDNUL SNA FO 

Carduus sp Plumeless Thistle Species CARU-SP 

Carduus X orthocephalus Plumeless Hybrid Thistle CARDORT SNA FO 

Carex acutiformis Lesser Pond Sedge CAREACU SNA SE 

Carex adusta Lesser Brown Sedge CAREADU S4S5 SE 

Carex aggregata Glomerate Sedge CAREAGG S1 SE 

Carex alata Broadwing Sedge CAREALA S1 SE 

Carex albicans var. albicans White-tinged Sedge CAREALB S3 SE 

Carex albicans var. emmonsii Emmons' Sedge CAREALE S2 SE 

Carex albursina White Bear Sedge CAREALU S5 SE 

Carex alopecoidea Foxtail Sedge CAREALO S5 SE 

Carex amphibola Amphibious Sedge CAREAMP S2 SE 

Carex annectens Yellow-fruit Sedge CAREANA S2 SE 

Carex appalachica Appalachian Sedge CAREAPP S2S3 SE 

Carex aquatilis var. aquatilis Leafy Tussock Sedge CAREAQU S5 SE 

Carex arcta Northern Cluster Sedge CAREARC S4S5 SE 

Carex arctata Drooping Woodland Sedge CAREART S5 SE 

Carex argyrantha Hay Sedge CAREARG S2? SE 

Carex atherodes Awned Sedge CAREATH S4S5 SE 

Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea Howe's Sedge CAREATC S1 SE 

Carex aurea Golden Sedge CAREAUR S5 SE 

Carex backii Back's Sedge CAREBAC S4S5 SE 

Carex bebbii Bebb's Sedge CAREBEB S5 SE 

Carex bicknellii Bicknell's Sedge CAREBIB S2 SE 

Carex blanda Bland Sedge CAREBLA S5 SE 

Carex brevior Brevior Sedge CAREBRE S4S5 SE 

Carex bromoides ssp. bromoides Brome-like Sedge CAREBRO S5 SE 

Carex brunnescens ssp. brunnescens Brownish Sedge CAREBRB S5 SE 

Carex brunnescens ssp. sphaerostachya Brownish Sedge CAREBRS SU SE 

Carex buxbaumii Brown-bog Sedge CAREBUX S5 SE 

Carex canescens ssp. canescens Hoary Sedge CARECAN S5 SE 

Carex canescens ssp. disjuncta Silvery Sedge CARECAD S5 SE 

Carex capillaris Hair Sedge CARECAP S5 SE 

Carex careyana Carey's Sedge CARECAR S2 SE 

Carex castanea Chestnut Sedge CARECAS S5 SE 

Carex cephaloidea Thinleaf Sedge CARECEP S5 SE 

Carex cephalophora Oval-leaf Sedge CARECEH S5 SE 

Carex chordorrhiza Creeping Sedge CARECHO S5 SE 

Carex communis var. communis Fibrous-root Sedge CARECOM S5 SE 

Carex comosa Longhair Sedge CARECOO S5 SE 

Carex concinna Low Northern Sedge CARECON S5 SE 

Carex conoidea Open-field Sedge CARECOI S3 SE 

Carex crawei Crawe Sedge CARECRA S4 SE 

Carex crawfordii Crawford's Sedge CARECRW S5 SE 

Carex crinita var. crinita Fringed Sedge CARECRI S5 SE 

Carex cristatella Crested Sedge CARECRS S5 SE 

Carex crus-corvi Raven-foot Sedge CARECRU S1 SE 

Carex cryptolepis Northeastern Sedge CARECRY S4 SE 

Carex cumulata Clustered Sedge CARECUM S4 SE 

Carex davisii Davis Sedge CAREDAV S2 SE 

Carex debilis var. rudgei White-edge Sedge CAREDER S5 SE 

Carex deweyana var. deweyana Dewey's Sedge CAREDEW S5 SE 

Carex diandra Lesser Panicled Sedge CAREDIA S5 SE 

Carex digitalis var. digitalis Slender Woodland Sedge CAREDIG S4S5 SE 

9



Carex disperma Softleaf Sedge CAREDIS S5 SE 

Carex disticha Two-rank Sedge CAREDIT SNA SE 

Carex divulsa ssp. divulsa Grassland Sedge CAREDID SNA SE 

Carex eburnea Bristle-leaf Sedge CAREEBU S5 SE 

Carex echinata ssp. echinata Star Sedge CAREECE S5 SE 

Carex emoryi Emory's Sedge CAREEMO S4 SE 

Carex exilis Coastal Sedge CAREEXI S5 SE 

Carex festucacea Fescue Sedge CAREFES S1 SE 

Carex flacca Heath Sedge CAREFLA SNA SE 

Carex flava Yellow Sedge CAREFLV S5 SE 

Carex foenea Fernald's Hay Sedge CAREFOE S5 SE 

Carex folliculata Long Sedge CAREFOL S3 SE 

Carex formosa Handsome Sedge CAREFOR S4 SE 

Carex frankii Frank's Sedge CAREFRA S2 SE 

Carex garberi Elk Sedge CAREGAR S4 SE 

Carex glaucodea Blue Sedge CAREGLU S1 SE 

Carex gracilescens Slender Looseflower Sedge CAREGRA S4 SE 

Carex gracillima Graceful Sedge CAREGRM S5 SE 

Carex granularis Limestone Meadow Sedge CAREGRN S5 SE 

Carex grayi Gray's Sedge CAREGRY S4 SE 

Carex grisea Inflated Narrowleaf Sedge CAREGRI S4 SE 

Carex gynandra Nodding Sedge CAREGYN S5 SE 

Carex gynocrates Bog Sedge CAREGYO S5 SE 

Carex haydenii Clound Sedge CAREHAY S4 SE 

Carex hirsutella Hairy Green Sedge CAREHIR S3 SE 

Carex hirta Hammer Sedge CAREHRT SNA SE 

Carex hirtifolia Pubescent Sedge CAREHII S5 SE 

Carex hitchcockiana Hitchcock's Sedge CAREHIT S5 SE 

Carex houghtoniana Houghton's Sedge CAREHOU S5 SE 

Carex hyalinolepis Shoreline Sedge CAREHYA S4 SE 

Carex hystericina Bottlebrush Sedge CAREHYS S5 SE 

Carex inops ssp. heliophila Sun Sedge CAREINO S1 SE 

Carex interior Inland Sedge CAREINT S5 SE 

Carex intumescens Greater Bladder Sedge CAREINU S5 SE 

Carex jamesii James' Sedge CAREJAM S4 SE 

Carex juniperorum Juniper Sedge CAREJUN S1 SE 

Carex lacustris Hairy Sedge CARELAC S5 SE 

Carex laevivaginata Smooth-sheath Sedge CARELAE S4 SE 

Carex lasiocarpa Woolly-fruit Sedge CARELAS S5 SE 

Carex laxiculmis var. copulata Spreading Sedge CARELAU S3? SE 

Carex laxiculmis var. laxiculmis Spreading Sedge CARELXC S4 SE 

Carex laxiflora Broad Looseflower Sedge CARELAX S5 SE 

Carex leavenworthii Leavenworth's Sedge CARELEA S1 SE 

Carex lenticularis var. lenticularis Lakeshore Sedge CARELEN S5 SE 

Carex leptalea Bristle-stalked Sedge CARELEL S5 SE 

Carex leptonervia Nerveless Woodland Sedge CARELET S4 SE 

Carex limosa Mud Sedge CARELIM S5 SE 

Carex livida Livid Sedge CARELIV S5 SE 

Carex longii Long's Sedge CARELON SH SE 

Carex lucorum var. lucorum Blue Ridge Sedge CARELUC S4 SE 

Carex lupuliformis False Hop Sedge CARELPL S1 SE 

Carex lupulina Hop Sedge CARELUP S5 SE 

Carex lurida Shallow Sedge CARELUR S5 SE 

Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua Boreal Bog Sedge CAREMAG S5 SE 

Carex meadii Mead Sedge CAREMEA S2 SE 

Carex merritt-fernaldii Fernald's Sedge CAREMER S5 SE 

10



Carex mesochorea Midland Sedge CAREMES S1 SE 

Carex molesta Troublesome Sedge CAREMOL S4? SE 

Carex muehlenbergii var. enervis Muhlenberg's Sedge CAREMUE S1S2 SE 

Carex muehlenbergii var. muehlenbergii Muhlenberg's Sedge CAREMUH S4S5 SE 

Carex muricata ssp. lamprocarpa Rough Sedge CAREMUR SNA SE 

Carex muskingumensis Muskingum Sedge CAREMUS S3 SE 

Carex nigromarginata Black-edge Sedge CARENIG S1 SE 

Carex normalis Greater Straw Sedge CARENOR S4 SE 

Carex novae-angliae New England Sedge CARENOE S4 SE 

Carex oligocarpa Eastern Few-fruit Sedge CAREOLG S3 SE 

Carex oligosperma Few-seed Sedge CAREOLI S4 SE 

Carex ormostachya Necklace Spike Sedge CAREORM S4 SE 

Carex pallescens Pale Sedge CAREPAE S5 SE 

Carex pauciflora Few-flowered Sedge CAREPAU S5 SE 

Carex peckii Peck's Sedge CAREPEC S5 SE 

Carex pedunculata Long-stalk Sedge CAREPED S5 SE 

Carex pellita Woolly Sedge CAREPEL S5 SE 

Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge CAREPEN S5 SE 

Carex plantaginea Plantain-leaf Sedge CAREPLA S5 SE 

Carex platyphylla Broad-leaved Sedge CAREPLT S5 SE 

Carex praegracilis Clustered Field Sedge CAREPRA SNA SE 

Carex prairea Prairie Sedge CAREPRI S5 SE 

Carex prasina Drooping Sedge CAREPRS S4 SE 

Carex praticola Meadow Sedge CAREPRT S2 SE 

Carex projecta Necklace Sedge CAREPRO S5 SE 

Carex pseudocyperus Cypress-like Sedge CAREPSE S5 SE 

Carex radiata Eastern Star Sedge CARERAD S4 SE 

Carex retroflexa Reflexed Sedge CARERTF S2 SE 

Carex retrorsa Knotsheath Sedge CARERET S5 SE 

Carex richardsonii Richardson's Sedge CARERIC S4? SE 

Carex rosea Rosy Sedge CAREROE S5 SE 

Carex sartwellii Sartwell's Sedge CARESAR S4 SE 

Carex scabrata Eastern Rough Sedge CARESCA S5 SE 

Carex schweinitzii Schweinitz's Sedge CARESCH S3 SE 

Carex scirpoidea ssp. convoluta Convoluted Single Spike Sedge CARESCC S3 SE 

Carex scoparia var. scoparia Broom Sedge CARESCO S5 SE 

Carex seorsa Weak Stellate Sedge CARESEO S2 SE 

Carex shortiana Short's Sedge CARESHO S1 SE 

Carex siccata Dryspike Sedge CARESIC S5 SE 

Carex sp Sedge Species CARE-SP 

Carex sparganioides Bur-reed Sedge CARESPA S5 SE 

Carex spicata Prickly Sedge CARESPI SNA SE 

Carex sprengelii Longbeak Sedge CARESPR S5 SE 

Carex squarrosa Squarrose Sedge CARESQU S2 SE 

Carex sterilis Dioecious Sedge CARESTE S4 SE 

Carex stipata var. stipata Owl-fruit Sedge CARESTI S5 SE 

Carex stricta Upright Sedge CARESTR S5 SE 

Carex suberecta Prairie Straw Sedge CARESUB S2 SE 

Carex swanii Swan Sedge CARESWA S4 SE 

Carex sychnocephala Many-headed Sedge CARESYC S4 SE 

Carex sylvatica European Woodland Sedge CARESYL SNA SE 

Carex tenera Quill Sedge CARETEN S5 SE 

Carex tenuiflora Sparseflower Sedge CARETEU S5 SE 

Carex tetanica Rigid Sedge CARETET S3 SE 

Carex tonsa var. rugosperma Parachute Sedge CARETOR S5 SE 

Carex tonsa var. tonsa Shaved Sedge CARETOT S5 SE 

11



Carex tribuloides var. tribuloides Blunt Broom Sedge CARETRI S4S5 SE 

Carex trichocarpa Hairy-fruit Sedge CARETRC S3 SE 

Carex trisperma Three-seeded Sedge CARETRT S5 SE 

Carex tuckermanii Tuckerman's Sedge CARETUC S4 SE 

Carex typhina Cattail Sedge CARETYP S2 SE 

Carex umbellata Parasol Sedge CAREUMB S5 SE 

Carex utriculata Northwest Territory Sedge CAREUTR S5 SE 

Carex vesicaria Blister Sedge CAREVES S5 SE 

Carex virescens Ribbed Sedge CAREVIR S3 SE 

Carex viridula ssp. viridula Green Sedge CAREVIV S5 SE 

Carex vulpinoidea Fox Sedge CAREVUL S5 SE 

Carex willdenowii Willdenow's Sedge CAREWIL S1 SE 

Carex woodii Pretty Sedge CAREWOO S4 SE 

Carex X crinitoides Hybrid Sedge CARECRO SNR SE 

Carex X knieskernii Knieskern's Hybrid Sedge CAREKNI SHY2 SE 

Carex X mirata Hybrid Sedge CAREMIR SNA SE 

Carex X subimpressa Hybrid Sedge CARESUI SHY2 SE 

Carex X subviridula Hybrid Sedge CARESUV SHY2 SE 

Carex X sullivantii Sullivant's Hybrid Sedge CARESUL SHY1 SE 

Carpinus caroliniana ssp. virginiana American Hornbeam CARPCAR S5 SH 

Carum carvi Caraway CARUCAR SNA FO 

Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory CARYCOR S5 TR 

Carya glabra Pignut Hickory CARYGLA S3 TR 

Carya laciniosa Shellbark Hickory CARYLAC S3 TR 

Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory CARYOVA S5 TR 

Carya sp Hickory Species CARY-SP 

Carya X laneyi Laney's Hybrid Hickory CARYLAN SHY1 TR 

Castanea dentata American Chestnut CASTDEN S2 TR 

Castilleja coccinea Scarlet Indian Paintbrush CASTCOC S5 FO 

Catalpa bignonioides Southern Catalpa CATABIG SNA TR 

Catalpa ovata Chinese Catalpa CATAOVA SNA TR 

Catalpa speciosa Northern Catalpa CATASPE SNA TR 

Caulophyllum giganteum Giant Blue Cohosh CAULGIG S4? FO 

Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh CAULTHA S5 FO 

Ceanothus americanus New Jersey Tea CEANAME S4 SH 

Ceanothus herbaceus Jersey Tea CEANHER S4 SH 

Ceanothus sp New Jersey Tea Species CEAN-SP 

Celastrus orbiculatus Asian Bittersweet CELAORB SNA VW 

Celastrus scandens American Bittersweet CELASCA S5 VW 

Celtis occidentalis Common Hackberry CELTOCC S4 TR 

Celtis sp Hackberry Species CELT-SP 

Celtis tenuifolia Dwarf Hackberry CELTTEN S2 SH 

Cenchrus longispinus Bur Grass CENCLON S4 GR 

Centaurea benedicta Blessed Thistle CENTBEN SNA FO 

Centaurea calcitrapa Purple Star-thistle CENTCAL SNA FO 

Centaurea cyanus Backelor's Button CENTCYA SNA FO 

Centaurea diffusa Diffuse Knapweed CENTDIF SNA FO 

Centaurea jacea Brown Knapweed CENTJAC SNA FO 

Centaurea macrocephala Big Yellow Centaury CENTMCR SNA FO 

Centaurea montana Mountain Knapweed CENTMON SNA FO 

Centaurea nigra Black Knapweed CENTNIG SNA FO 

Centaurea nigrescens Alpine Knapweed CENTNIN SNA FO 

Centaurea scabiosa Greater Centaury CENTSCA SNA FO 

Centaurea solstitialis Yellow Star-thistle CENTSOL SNA FO 

Centaurea sp Knapweed Species CENT-SP 

Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos Spotted Knapweed CENTMAC SNA FO 

12



Centaurea X moncktonii Meadow Hybrid Knapweed CENTMOK SNR FO 

Centaurea X psammogena Sand Hybrid Knapweed CENTPSA SNR FO 

Centaurium erythraea European Centaury CENTERY SNA FO 

Centaurium pulchellum Branched Centaury CENTPUL SNA FO 

Cephalanthus occidentalis Common Buttonbush CEPHOCC S5 SH 

Cephalaria gigantea Tatarian Cephalaria CEPHGIG SNA FO 

Cerastium arvense ssp. arvense Field Chickweed CERAARA SNA FO 

Cerastium arvense ssp. strictum Field Chickweed CERAARS S4 FO 

Cerastium arvense var. velutinum Field Chickweed CERAVEL S2 FO 

Cerastium brachypodum Short-stalk Chickweed CERABRA S2 FO 

Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare Big Chickweed CERAFON SNA FO 

Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Chickweed CERAGLO SNA FO 

Cerastium nutans var. nutans Nodding Chickweed CERANUT S4 FO 

Cerastium pumilum European Chickweed CERAPUM SNA FO 

Cerastium semidecandrum Five-stamen Chickweed CERASEM SNA FO 

Cerastium sp Chickweed Species CERA-SP 

Cerastium tomentosum Snow-in-summer CERATOM SNA FO 

Ceratophyllum demersum Two-spine Coontail CERADEM S5 FO 

Ceratophyllum echinatum Prickly Hornwort CERAECH S3? FO 

Ceratophyllum sp Coontail Species CERT-SP 

Cercis canadensis var. canadensis Eastern Redbud CERCCAN SNA SH 

Chaenorhinum minus Dwarf Snapdragon CHAEMIN SNA FO 

Chaerophyllum procumbens var. procumbens Spreading Chervil CHAEPRP S2 FO 

Chaerophyllum procumbens var. shortii Short's Spreading Chervil CHAEPRS S1 FO 

Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf CHAMCAL S5 SH 

Chamaesyce glyptosperma Rib-seed Sandmat CHAMGLY SNA FO 

Chamaesyce humistrata Spreading Sandmat CHAMHUM SNA FO 

Chamaesyce maculata Spotted Sandmat CHAMMAC SNA FO 

Chamaesyce nutans Eyebane CHAMNUT S4S5 FO 

Chamaesyce polygonifolia Seaside Sandmat CHAMPOL S4 FO 

Chamaesyce serpens Matted Sandmat CHAMSER SNA FO 

Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thyme-leaf Sandmat CHAMSRP SNA FO 

Chamaesyce sp Spurge Species CHAM-SP 

Chamaesyce vermiculata Wormseed Sandmat CHAMVER S5 FO 

Chamerion angustifolium ssp. circumvagum Fireweed CHAMANC S5 FO 

Chara sp Stonewort Species CHAR-SP 

Chelidonium majus var. majus Celandine CHELMAJ SNA FO 

Chelone glabra White Turtlehead CHELGLA S5 FO 

Chenopodium album Lamb's-quarters CHENALA SNA FO 

Chenopodium berlandieri var. bushianum Bush's Goosefoot CHENBEB S1S2 FO 

Chenopodium berlandieri var. zschackii Pit-seed Goosefoot CHENBEZ SU FO 

Chenopodium bonus-henricus Good King Henry CHENBON SNA FO 

Chenopodium capitatum var. capitatum Strawberry Spinach CHENCAP S5 FO 

Chenopodium ficifolium Figleaf Goosefoot CHENFIC SNA FO 

Chenopodium foggii Fogg's Goosefoot CHENFOG S2 FO 

Chenopodium glaucum var. glaucum Oakleaf Goosefoot CHENGLG SNA FO 

Chenopodium murale Nettle-leaf Goosefoot CHENMUR SNA FO 

Chenopodium opulifolium Seaport Goosefoot CHENOPU SNA FO 

Chenopodium polyspermum var. acutifolium Manyseed Goosefoot CHENPOA SNA FO 

Chenopodium pratericola Desert Goosefoot CHENPRA S4 FO 

Chenopodium rubrum var. humile Marshland Goosefoot CHENRUH SNR FO 

Chenopodium rubrum var. rubrum Red Goosefoot CHENRUB SNA FO 

Chenopodium simplex Giant-seed Goosefoot CHENSIM S5 FO 

Chenopodium sp Goosefoot Species CHEN-SP 

Chenopodium standleyanum Standley's Goosefoot CHENSTA S2 FO 

Chenopodium strictum Late-flowering Goosefoot CHENSTR SNA FO 

13



Chenopodium urbicum City Goosefoot CHENURB SNA FO 

Chimaphila maculata Striped Prince's Pine CHIMMAM S1 SH 

Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica Pipsissewa CHIMUMC S5 SH 

Chondrilla juncea Hogbite CHONJUN SNA FO 

Chrysosplenium americanum American Golden Saxifrage CHRYAME S5 FO 

Cicer arietinum Chick Pea CICEARI SNA FO 

Cichorium intybus Blue Sailors CICHINT SNA FO 

Cicuta bulbifera Bulb Water Hemlock CICUBUL S5 FO 

Cicuta maculata var. maculata Spotted Water Hemlock CICUMAC S5 FO 

Cicuta sp Water-hemlock Species CICU-SP 

Cinna arundinacea Stout Woodreed CINNARU S4 GR 

Cinna latifolia Drooping Woodreed CINNLAT S5 GR 

Cinna sp Woodreed Species CINN-SP 

Circaea alpina ssp. alpina Small Enchanter Nightshade CIRCALP S5 FO 

Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis Broadleaf Enchanter's Nightshade CIRCLUC S5 FO 

Circaea sp Enchanter's Nightshade Species CIRC-SP 

Circaea X intermedia Intermediate Enchanter's Nightshade CIRCINT SHY2? FO 

Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle CIRSARE SNA FO 

Cirsium discolor Field Thistle CIRSDIS S3 FO 

Cirsium muticum Swamp Thistle CIRSMUT S5 FO 

Cirsium palustre Marsh Thistle CIRSPAL SNA FO 

Cirsium pitcheri Pitchers's Thistle CIRSPIT S2 FO 

Cirsium pumilum var. hillii Hill's Thistle CIRSHIL S3 FO 

Cirsium sp Thistle Species CIRS-SP 

Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle CIRSVUL SNA FO 

Citrullus lanatus Watermelon CITRLAN SNA VI 

Cladium mariscoides Smooth Sawgrass CLADMAR S5 SE 

Cladonia sp Raindeer Moss Species CLAD-SP 

Cladrastis kentukea Kentucky Yellowwood CLADKEN SNA TR 

Claytonia caroliniana var. caroliniana Carolina Springbeauty CLAYCAR S5 FO 

Claytonia sp Spring Beauty Species CLAY-SP 

Claytonia virginica var. virginica Virginia Springbeauty CLAYVIR S5 FO 

Clematis occidentalis var. occidentalis Purple Virginsbower CLEMOCO S4S5 VI 

Clematis recta Ground Virginsbower CLEMREC SNA VI 

Clematis sp Clematis Species CLEM-SP 

Clematis terniflora Sweet Autumn Virginsbower CLEMTER SNA VI 

Clematis viorna Vasevine CLEMVIO SNA VI 

Clematis virginiana Virgins' Bower CLEMVIR S5 VI 

Clematis vitalba Evergreen Clematis CLEMVIB SNA VI 

Clematis viticella Italian Leather Flower CLEMVIC SNA VI 

Clinopodium glabrum Limestone Calamint CALAARK S4S5 FO 

Clinopodium vulgare Wild Basil CLINVUL S5 FO 

Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily CLINBOR S5 FO 

Coeloglossum viride var. virescens Longbract Green Orchid COELVIV SU FO 

Coleataenia longifolia ssp. rigidula Redtop Panic Grass PANIRIG S3 GR 

Collinsia parviflora var. parviflora Small-flower Blue-eyed Mary COLLPAP S4 FO 

Collinsonia canadensis Canada Horsebalm COLLCAN S4 FO 

Colutea arborescens Bladder Senna COLUARB SNA SH 

Comandra umbellata ssp. umbellata Bastard Toadflax COMAUMB S5 FO 

Comarum palustre Marsh Cinquefoil POTEPAL S5 FO 

Commelina communis Asiatic Dayflower COMMCOM SNA FO 

Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern COMPPER S5 SH 

Conioselinum chinense Chinese Hemlock Parsley CONICHI S2 FO 

Conium maculatum Poison Hemlock CONIMAC SNA FO 

Conoclinium coelestinum Blue Mistflower EUPACOE SNA FO 

Conopholis americana American Squawroot CONOAME S4? FO 

14



Conringia orientalis Hare's-ear Mustard CONRORI SNA FO 

Consolida ajacis Doubtful Knight's-spur CONSAJA SNA FO 

Consolida regalis Royal Knight's-spur CONSREG SNA FO 

Convallaria majalis var. majalis European Lily-of-the-valley CONVMAJ SNA FO 

Convolvulus arvensis Field Bindweed CONVARV SNA VI 

Conyza canadensis Canada Horseweed CONYCAN S5 FO 

Conyza ramosissima Branching Conyza CONYRAM SNR FO 

Coptis trifolia Three-leaf Goldthread COPTTRG S5 FO 

Corallorhiza maculata var. maculata Spotted Coralroot CORAMAC S5 FO 

Corallorhiza maculata var. occidentalis Summer Coralroot CORAMAO SU FO 

Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. odontorhiza Autumn Coralroot CORAODO S2 FO 

Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. pringlei Pringle's Autumn Coralroot CORAODP SU FO 

Corallorhiza sp Coralroot Species CORA-SP 

Corallorrhiza striata var. striata Hooded Coralroot CORASTR S4 FO 

Corallorrhiza trifida Early Coralroot CORATRI S5 FO 

Coreopsis grandiflora Large-flower Tickseed COREGRA SNA FO 

Coreopsis lanceolata Lance Coreopsis CORELAN S4? FO 

Coreopsis sp Coreopsis Species CORE-SP 

Coreopsis tinctoria Golden Tickseed CORETIN SNA FO 

Coreopsis tripteris Atlantic Coreopsis CORETRP S2 FO 

Coreopsis verticillata Whorled Tickseed COREVER SNA FO 

Coriandrum sativum Chinese Parsley CORISAT SNA FO 

Corispermum hookeri var. hookeri Hooker's Bugseed CORIHOO S2? FO 

Corispermum pallasii Siberian Bugseed CORIPAL S2? FO 

Corispermum villosum Hairy Bugseed CORIVIL S2? FO 

Cornus alternifolia Alternate-leaf Dogwood CORNALT S5 SH 

Cornus canadensis Bunchberry CORNCAN S5 SH 

Cornus drummondii Rough-leaf Dogwood CORNDRU S4 SH 

Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood CORNFLO S2? SH 

Cornus obliqua Silky Dogwood CORNAMO S5 SH 

Cornus racemosa Gray Dogwood CORNFOR S5 SH 

Cornus rugosa Roundleaf Dogwood CORNRUG S5 SH 

Cornus sericea ssp. sericea Red-osier Dogwood CORNSTO S5 SH 

Cornus sp Dogwood Species CORN-SP 

Cornus X slavinii Slavin's Hybrid Dogwood CORNSLA SHY1? SH 

Corydalis aurea ssp. aurea Golden Fumewot CORYAUA S5 FO 

Corydalis flavula Yellow Fumewort CORYFLA S2 FO 

Corydalis sempervirens Pale Fumewort CORYSEM S5 FO 

Corydalis solida Spring Fumewort CORYSOL SNA FO 

Corylus americana American Hazelnut CORYAME S5 SH 

Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut CORYCOR S5 SH 

Corylus sp Hazelnut Species CORY-SP 

Cosmos bipinnatus Garden Cosmos COSMBIP SNA FO 

Cota tinctoria Golden Chamomile ANTHTIN SNA FO 

Cotinus coggygria European Smoke Tree COTICOG SNA SH 

Cotoneaster acutifolius Peking Cotoneaster COTOACU SNA SH 

Cotoneaster divaricatus Spreading Cotoneaster COTODIV SNA SH 

Crataegus ater Nashville Hawthorn CRATATE SNR SH 

Crataegus beata Dunbar's Hawthorn CRATBEA S1 SH 

Crataegus brainerdii Brainerd's Hawthorn CRATBRA S2 SH 

Crataegus calpodendron Pear Hawthorn CRATCAL S4S5 SH 

Crataegus chrysocarpa Fireberry Hawthorn CRATCHR S5 SH 

Crataegus coccinioides Kansas Hawthorn CRATDIL SNR SH 

Crataegus compacta Clustered Hawthorn CRATCOC S4 SH 

Crataegus corusca Shining-branch Hawthorn CRATCOR SNR SH 

Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur Hawthorn CRATCRU S5 SH 

15



Crataegus dissona Northern Hawthorn CRATDIN S3 SH 

Crataegus dodgei Dodge's Hawthorn CRATDOD S4 SH 

Crataegus douglasii Black Hawthorn CRATDOU S4 SH 

Crataegus flabellata Fanleaf Hawthorn CRATFLA S4 SH 

Crataegus fluviatilis Fort Sheridan Hawthorn CRATAPI S1S2 SH 

Crataegus fulleriana Fuller's Hawthorn CRATFUL S2? SH 

Crataegus grandis Grand Hawthorn CRATGRA SNA SH 

Crataegus holmesiana Holme's Hawthorn CRATHOL SNA SH 

Crataegus intricata Copenhagen Hawthorn CRATINT SH SH 

Crataegus irrasa Blanchard's Hawthorn CRATIRR S4? SH 

Crataegus jonesiae Miss Jone's Hawthorn CRATJON SNR SH 

Crataegus laevigata Smooth Hawthorn CRATLAE SNR SH 

Crataegus lumaria Roundleaf Hawthorn CRATLUM S3? SH 

Crataegus macrosperma Bigfruit Hawthorn CRATMCS S5 SH 

Crataegus magniflora Eminent Hawthorn CRATMAG SNR SH 

Crataegus margarettae Margarett's Hawthorn CRATMAR S1 SH 

Crataegus mollis Arnold Hawthorn CRATMOL S5 SH 

Crataegus monogyna One-seed Hawthorn CRATMON SNA SH 

Crataegus nitidula Ontario Hawthorn CRATNIT SH SH 

Crataegus pennsylvanica Pennsylvania Hawthorn CRATPEN S1S2 SH 

Crataegus perjucunda Pearthorn Hawthorn CRATPEJ S1? SH 

Crataegus persimilis Plumleaf Hawthorn CRATPER S1 SH 

Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington Hawthorn CRATPHA SNA SH 

Crataegus populnea Poplar-leaved Hawthorn CRATPOP S4 SH 

Crataegus pringlei Pringle's Hawthorn CRATPRI SNR SH 

Crataegus prona Illinois Hawthorn CRATPRO SNR SH 

Crataegus pruinosa Frosted Hawthorn CRATPRU S5 SH 

Crataegus punctata Dotted Hawthorn CRATPUN S5 SH 

Crataegus scabrida Rough Hawthorn CRATSCA S3? SH 

Crataegus schuettei Schuette's Hawthorn CRATSCH S4 SH 

Crataegus sp Hawthorn Species CRAT-SP 

Crataegus submollis Quebec Hawthorn CRATSBM S4S5 SH 

Crataegus suborbiculata Caughuawaga Hawthorn CRATSUB S2 SH 

Crataegus succulenta Fleshy Hawthorn CRATSUC S4S5 SH 

Crepis capillaris Smooth Hawksbeard CREPCAP SNA FO 

Crepis pulchra Small-flower Hawksbeard CREPPUL SNA FO 

Crepis sp Hawk's Beard Species CREP-SP 

Crepis tectorum Narrow-leaved Hawksbeard CREPTEC SNA FO 

Crocus vernus Dutch Crocus CROCVER SNA FO 

Croton capitatus var. capitatus Hogwort CROTCAP SNA FO 

Crypsis schoenoides Swamp Prickle Grass CRYPSCH SNA GR 

Cryptogramma stelleri Fragile Rockbrake CRYPSTE S4S5 FE 

Cryptotaenia canadensis Canadian Honewort CRYPCAN S5 FO 

Cucumis melo Cantaloupe CUCUMEL SNA VI 

Cucumis sativus Garden Cucumber CUCUSAT SNA VI 

Cucurbita pepo Field Pumpkin CUCUPEP SNA VI 

Cucurbita sp Gourd Species CUCU-SP 

Cuphea viscosissima Blue Waxweed CUPHVIS SNA FO 

Cuscuta cephalanthi Buttonbush Dodder CUSCCEP S2 VI 

Cuscuta coryli Hazel Dodder CUSCCOR SH VI 

Cuscuta epithymum Clover Dodder CUSCEPI SNA VI 

Cuscuta gronovii var. gronovii Gronovis Dodder CUSCGRO S5 VI 

Cuscuta pentagona var. pentagona Field Dodder CUSCCAM S2 VI 

Cuscuta polygonorum Smartweed Dodder CUSCPOL S1 VI 

Cuscuta sp Dodder Species CUSC-SP 

Cyclachaena xanthifolia Giant Sumpweed IVA-XAN SNA FO 

16



Cycloloma atriplicifolium Winged Pigweed CYCLATR S4 FO 

Cydonia oblonga Quince CYDOOBL SNA SH 

Cymbalaria muralis Kenilworth Ivy CYMBMUR SNA FO 

Cynanchum laeve Honey Vine CYNALAE SNA VI 

Cynanchum louiseae Black Swallow-wort CYNANIG SNA VI 

Cynanchum rossicum European Swallow-wort CYNAROS SNA VI 

Cynanchum sp Swallow-wort Species CYNA-SP 

Cynanchum vincetoxicum White Swallow-wort CYNAVIN SNA VI 

Cynoglossum officinale Common Hound's-tongue CYNOOFF SNA FO 

Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale Wild Comfrey CYNOBOR S4 FO 

Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dogstail Grass CYNOCRI SNA GR 

Cyperus bipartitus Brook Flatsedge CYPEBIP S5 SE 

Cyperus dentatus Toothed Flatsedge CYPEDEN S1 SE 

Cyperus diandrus Umbrella Flatsedge CYPEDIA S4 SE 

Cyperus erythrorhizos Red-root Flatsedge CYPEERY S4 SE 

Cyperus esculentus var. leptostachyus Chufa Flatsedge CYPEESC S5 SE 

Cyperus flavescens Pale Flatsedge CYPEFLA S2 SE 

Cyperus fuscus Brown Flatsedge CYPEFUS SNA SE 

Cyperus houghtonii Houghton's Flatsedge CYPEHOU S3 SE 

Cyperus lupulinus ssp. lupulinus Great Plains Flatsedge CYPELUL SNA SE 

Cyperus lupulinus ssp. macilentus Great Plains Flatsedge CYPELUM S4 SE 

Cyperus odoratus Fragrant Flatsedge CYPEODO S5 SE 

Cyperus schweinitzii Sand Flatsedge CYPESCH S3 SE 

Cyperus sp Flat Sedge Species CYPE-SP 

Cyperus squarrosus Awned Flatsedge CYPESQU S4 SE 

Cyperus strigosus Strawcolored Flatsedge CYPESTR S5 SE 

Cyperus X mesochorus Hybrid Flatsedge CYPEMES SNR SE 

Cypripedium acaule Lady's Slipper Orchid CYPRACA S5 FO 

Cypripedium arietinum Ram's-head Lady's Slipper CYPRARI S3 FO 

Cypripedium candidum Small White Lady's Slipper CYPRCAN S1 FO 

Cypripedium pubescens var. makasin Greater Yellow Lady's Slipper CYPRCAP S4S5 FO 

Cypripedium pubescens var. pubescens Greater Yellow Lady's Slipper CYPRCAB S5 FO 

Cypripedium reginae Showy Lady's Slipper CYPRREG S4 FO 

Cypripedium sp Lady's Slipper Species CYPR-SP 

Cypripedium X andrewsii Andrew's Hybrid Lady's Slipper CYPRAND SHY1 FO 

Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Bladder Fern CYSTBUL S5 FE 

Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Bladder Fern CYSTFRA S5 FE 

Cystopteris laurentiana St. Lawrence Bladder Fern CYSTLAU S3 FE 

Cystopteris protrusa Lowland Bladder Fern CYSTPRO S2 FE 

Cystopteris sp Bladder Fern Species CYST-SP 

Cystopteris tenuis Upland Bladder Fern CYSTTEN S5 FE 

Dactylis glomerata Orchard Grass DACTGLO SNA GR 

Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairie Clover DALEPUR S1 FO 

Dalibarda repens Robin's Runaway DALIREP S4S5 FO 

Danthonia compressa Flattened Oat Grass DANTCOM S4 GR 

Danthonia intermedia ssp. intermedia Timber Oat Grass DANTINI SNR GR 

Danthonia sp Oat Grass Species DANT-SP 

Danthonia spicata Poverty Oat Grass DANTSPI S5 GR 

Daphne mezereum Paradise Plant DAPHMEZ SNA SH 

Dasiphora fruticosa Shrubby Cinquefoil POTEFRF S5 SH 

Datura inoxia Prickly Datura DATUINO SNA FO 

Datura stramonium Jimsonweed DATUSTR SNA FO 

Daucus carota Wild Carrot DAUCCAR SNA FO 

Decodon verticillatus Swamp Loosestrife DECOVER S5 SH 

Dennstaedtia punctilobula Eastern Hayscented Fern DENNPUN S5 FE 

Deparia acrostichoides Silver False Spleenwort DEPAACR S4 FE 

17



Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hairgrass DESCCEC S4S5 GR 

Deschampsia sp Hairgrass Species DESC-SP 

Descurainia incana ssp. incana Mountain Tansy Mustard DESCINI S4 FO 

Descurainia pinnata ssp. brachycarpa Western Tansy Mustard DESCPIB S4 FO 

Descurainia sophia Flaxweed Tansy Mustard DESCSOP SNA FO 

Descurainia sp Tansy Mustard Species DESU-SP 

Desmodium canadense Showy Tick-trefoil DESMCND S4 FO 

Desmodium canescens Hoary Tick-trefoil DESMCAN S2 FO 

Desmodium cuspidatum var. cuspidatum Large-bract Tick-trefoil DESMCUC S3 FO 

Desmodium glutinosum Pointed-leaf Tick-trefoil DESMGLU S4 FO 

Desmodium nudiflorum Bare-stemmed Tick-trefoil DESMNUD S4 FO 

Desmodium paniculatum var. paniculatum Panicled-leaf Tick-trefoil DESMPAP S4 FO 

Desmodium perplexum Perplexed Tick Trefoil DESMPAD S4 FO 

Desmodium rotundifolium Prostrate Tick-trefoil DESMROT S2 FO 

Desmodium sp Tick-trefoil Species DESM-SP 

Dianthus armeria Depford Pink DIANARM SNA FO 

Dianthus barbatus Sweet William DIANBAR SNA FO 

Dianthus deltoides Maiden Pink DIANDEL SNA FO 

Dianthus plumarius Feathered Pink DIANPLU SNA FO 

Dianthus sp Pink Species DIAN-SP 

Diarrhena obovata Obovate Beakgrain DIAROBO S1 GR 

Dicentra canadensis Squirrel Corn DICECAN S5 FO 

Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's Breeches DICECUC S5 FO 

Dicentra sp Dicentra Species DICE-SP 

Dichanthelium acuminatum var. densiflorum Eaton's Rosette Grass PANISPR S2 GR 

Dichanthelium acuminatum var. lindheimeri Lindheimer Rosette Grass PANIACL S4 GR 

Dichanthelium boreale Northern Rosette Grass PANIBOR S4 GR 

Dichanthelium clandestinum Deertongue Rosette Grass PANICLA S2 GR 

Dichanthelium depauperatum Starved Rosette Grass PANIDEP S4 GR 

Dichanthelium dichotomum var. dichotomum Cypress Rosette Grass PANIDIC S2 GR 

Dichanthelium latifolium Broadleaf Rosette Grass PANILAT S4 GR 

Dichanthelium leibergii Leiberg's Rosette Grass PANILEI S2 GR 

Dichanthelium linearifolium Slimleaf Rosette Grass PANILIN S4S5 GR 

Dichanthelium oligosanthes ssp. oligosanthes Few-flowered Rosette Grass PANIOLI S4 GR 

Dichanthelium oligosanthes ssp. scribnerianum Scribner's Rosette Grass DICHOLS S4 GR 

Dichanthelium perlongum Long-stalked Rosette Grass PANIPER S2 GR 

Dichanthelium sp Rosette Grass Species DICH-SP 

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon var. sphaerocarpon Round-fruited Rosette Grass PANISPH S3 GR 

Dichanthelium xanthophysum Slender Rosette Grass PANIXAN S4 GR 

Diervilla lonicera Northern Bush Honeysuckle DIERLON S5 SH 

Digitalis grandiflora Yellow Foxglove DIGIGRA SNA FO 

Digitalis lanata Grecian Foxglove DIGILAN SNA FO 

Digitalis purpurea Purple Foxglove DIGIPUR SNA FO 

Digitaria cognata Fall Crabgrass DIGICOC S2 GR 

Digitaria ischaemum Smooth Crabgrass DIGIISC SNA GR 

Digitaria sanguinalis Hairy Crabgrass DIGISAN SNA GR 

Digitaria sp Crabgrass Species DIGI-SP 

Dioscorea villosa Wild Yam DIOSQUA S4 VI 

Diphasiastrum sp Running-pine Species DIPH-SP 

Diplazium pycnocarpon Glade Fern DIPLPYC S4 FE 

Diplotaxis muralis Annual Wallrocket DIPLMUR SNA FO 

Diplotaxis tenuifolia Perennial Wallrocket DIPLTEN SNA FO 

Dipsacus fullonum ssp. sylvestris Fuller's Teasel DIPSFUS SNA FO 

Dipsacus laciniatus Cutleaf Teasel DIPSLAC SNA FO 

Dirca palustris Eastern Leatherwood DIRCPAL S4? SH 

Distichlis spicata Desert Saltgrass DISTSPI SNA GR 

18



Doellingeria umbellata var. pubens Northern Flat-topped White Aster DOELUMP S5 FO 

Doellingeria umbellata var. umbellata Southern Flat-topped White Aster ASTEUMU S5 FO 

Draba breweri var. cana Cushion Draba DRABCAN S3 FO 

Draba glabella var. glabella Smooth Draba DRABGLA S4S5 FO 

Draba nemorosa Woodland Draba DRABNEM S4? FO 

Draba reptans Carolina Draba DRABREP S3 FO 

Draba sp Whitlow-grass Species DRAB-SP 

Draba verna Spring Draba EROPVER SNA FO 

Dracocephalum parviflorum American Dragonhead DRACPAR S5 FO 

Dracocephalum thymiflorum Thyme-leaf Dragonhead DRACTHY SNA FO 

Drosera anglica English Sundew DROSANG S5 FO 

Drosera intermedia Spoonleaf Sundew DROSINT S5 FO 

Drosera linearis Slender-leaf Sundew DROSLIN S4 FO 

Drosera rotundifolia Roundleaf Sundew DROSROT S5 FO 

Drosera sp Sundew Species DROS-SP 

Drymocallis arguta Tall Cinquefoil POTEARG S4 FO 

Dryopteris carthusiana Spinulose Wood Fern DRYOCAR S5 FE 

Dryopteris clintoniana Clinton's Wood Fern DRYOCLI S4 FE 

Dryopteris cristata Crested Wood Fern DRYOCRI S5 FE 

Dryopteris expansa Spreading Wood Fern DRYOEXP S4S5 FE 

Dryopteris filix-mas Male Wood Fern DRYOFIL S4 FE 

Dryopteris fragrans Fragrant Wood Fern DRYOFRA S4S5 FE 

Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's Wood Fern DRYOGOL S4 FE 

Dryopteris intermedia Intermediate Wood Fern DRYOINT S5 FE 

Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Wood Fern DRYOMAR S5 FE 

Dryopteris sp Wood Fern Species DRYO-SP 

Dryopteris X algonquinensis Algonquin Hybrid Wood Fern DRYOALG SH FE 

Dryopteris X benedictii Benedict's Hybrid Wood Fern DRYOBEN SHY1 FE 

Dryopteris X boottii Boott's Hybrid Wood Fern DRYOBOO SHY2 FE 

Dryopteris X burgessii Burgess' Hybrid Wood Fern DRYOBUR SHY1 FE 

Dryopteris X dowellii Dowell's Hybrid Wood Fern DRYODOW SHY1 FE 

Dryopteris X neowherryi Wherry's Hybrid Wood Fern DRYONEO SHY1 FE 

Dryopteris X pittsfordensis Pittsford's Hybrid Wood Fern DRYOPIT SHY1 FE 

Dryopteris X slossoniae Slosson's Hybrid Wood Fern DRYOSLO SHY1 FE 

Dryopteris X triploidea Triploid Hybrid Wood Fern DRYOTRI SHY4 FE 

Duchesnea indica Indian Strawberry DUCHIND SNA FO 

Dulichium arundinaceum var. arundinaceum Three-way Sedge DULIARU S5 SE 

Dysphania ambrosioides Wormseed Goosefoot CHENAMB SNA FO 

Dysphania botrys Jerusalem Oak Goosefoot CHENBOT SNA FO 

Dysphania pumilio Clammy Goosefoot DYSPPUM SNA FO 

Dyssodia papposa Fetid Dogweed DYSSPAP SNA FO 

Echinacea pallida Pale Purple Coneflower ECHIPAL S1 FO 

Echinacea purpurea Eastern Purple Coneflower ECHIPUR SNA FO 

Echinochloa crus-galli Barnyard Grass ECHICRU SNA GR 

Echinochloa frumentacea Siberian Barnyard Grass ECHIFRU SNA GR 

Echinochloa muricata var. microstachya Western Barnyard Grass ECHIMIC S5 GR 

Echinochloa muricata var. muricata Eastern Barnyard Grass ECHIMUR SNR GR 

Echinochloa sp Barnyard Grass Species ECHI-SP 

Echinochloa walteri Walter's Barnyard Grass ECHIWAL S3 GR 

Echinocystis lobata Wild Cucumber ECHILOB S5 VI 

Echinops exaltatus Tall Globe Thistle ECHIEXA SNA FO 

Echinops sphaerocephalus Great Globe Thistle ECHISPH SNA FO 

Echium plantagineum Salvation Jane ECHIPLA SNA FO 

Echium vulgare Common Echium ECHIVUL SNA FO 

Eclipta prostrata False Daisy ECLIPRO S2 FO 

Eichhornia crassipes Common Water Hyacinth EICHCRA SNA FO 

19



Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian Olive ELAEANG SNA SH 

Elaeagnus commutata Silver Berry ELEACOM S5 SH 

Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn Olive ELAEUMB SNA SH 

Elatine minima Small Waterwort ELATMIN S4 FO 

Elatine triandra Longstem Waterwort ELATTRI SU FO 

Eleocharis acicularis Needle Spikerush ELEOACI S5 SE 

Eleocharis compressa var. compressa Flatstem Spikerush ELEOCOM S4 SE 

Eleocharis elliptica Elliptic Spikerush ELEOELL S5 SE 

Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann's Spikerush ELEOENG S1 SE 

Eleocharis equisetoides Jointed Spikerush ELEOEQU S1 SE 

Eleocharis erythropoda Bald Spikerush ELEOERY S5 SE 

Eleocharis flavescens var. olivacea Bright-green Spikerush ELEOOLI S4 SE 

Eleocharis geniculata Canada Spikerush ELEOGEN S1 SE 

Eleocharis intermedia Matted Spikerush ELEOINT S4 SE 

Eleocharis nitida Quill Spikerush ELEONIT S2S3 SE 

Eleocharis obtusa Blunt Spikerush ELEOOBT S5 SE 

Eleocharis ovata Ovate Spikerush ELEOOVA S5 SE 

Eleocharis palustris Common Spikerush ELEOSMA S5 SE 

Eleocharis quadrangulata Square-stem Spikerush ELEOQUA S1 SE 

Eleocharis quinqueflora Few-flower Spikerush ELEOPAU S5 SE 

Eleocharis robbinsii Robbin's Spikerush ELEOROB S4 SE 

Eleocharis rostellata Beaked Spikerush ELEOROS S3 SE 

Eleocharis sp Spike-rush Species ELEO-SP 

Eleusine indica Crowsfoot Grass ELEUIND SNA GR 

Eleutherococcus pentaphyllus Five-leaf Aralia ACANSIE SNA SH 

Ellisia nyctelea Aunt Lucy ELLINYC SNA FO 

Elodea canadensis Broad Waterweed ELODCAN S5 FO 

Elodea nuttallii Nuttall's Waterweed ELODNUT S3 FO 

Elodea sp Waterweed Species ELOD-SP 

Elsholtzia ciliata Crested Late-summer Mint ELSHCIL SNA FO 

Elymus canadensis var. canadensis Canada Wild Rye ELYMCAN S4S5 GR 

Elymus curvatus Awnless Wild Rye ELYMVIS S2S3 GR 

Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass ELYMHYS S5 GR 

Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus Streambank Wheat Grass ELYMLAL SNA GR 

Elymus lanceolatus ssp. psammophilus Great Lakes Wheat Grass ELYMLAP S3 GR 

Elymus macgregorii MacGregor's Wild Rye ELYMMAC S1S3 GR 

Elymus repens Creeping Wild Rye ELYMREP SNA GR 

Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye ELYMRIP S4? GR 

Elymus sp Wild Rye Species ELYM-SP 

Elymus trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus Bearded Wheat Grass ELYMTRS S4? GR 

Elymus trachycaulus ssp. trachycaulus Slender Wheat Grass ELYMTRT S5? GR 

Elymus villosus var. villosus Hairy Wild Rye ELYMVIL S4 GR 

Elymus virginicus var. intermedius Intermediate Virginia Wild Rye ELYMVII S4? GR 

Elymus virginicus var. virginicus Virginia Wild Rye ELYMVIV S5 GR 

Elymus wiegandii Wiegand's Wild Rye ELYMWIE S4 GR 

Elymus X ebingeri Ebinger's Hybrid Wild Rye ELYMEBI SNR GR 

Elymus X maltei Malt Hybrid Wild Rye ELYMMAL SNR GR 

Elymus X pseudorepens Creeping Hybrid Wild Rye ELYMPSE SNR GR 

Enemion biternatum Eastern False Rue-anemone ENEMBIT S2 FO 

Epifagus virginiana Beechdrops EPIFVIR S5 FO 

Epigaea repens Trailing Arbutus EPIGREP S5 SH 

Epilobium brachycarpum Autumn Willowherb EPILBRA SH FO 

Epilobium ciliatum ssp. ciliatum Fringed Willowherb EPILCIC S5 FO 

Epilobium ciliatum ssp. glandulosum Fringed Willowherb EPILCIG SU FO 

Epilobium coloratum Purple-leaf Willowherb EPILCOL S5 FO 

Epilobium hirsutum Great-hairy Willowherb EPILHIR SNA FO 

20



Epilobium leptophyllum Bog Willowherb EPILLEP S5 FO 

Epilobium palustre Marsh Willowherb EPILPAL S5 FO 

Epilobium parviflorum Small-flower Hairy Willowherb EPILPAR SNA FO 

Epilobium sp Willow-herb Species EPIL-SP 

Epilobium strictum Downy Willowherb EPILSTR S5 FO 

Epipactis helleborine Broadleaf Helleborine EPIPHEL SNA FO 

Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail EQUIARV S5 FE 

Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail EQUIFLU S5 FE 

Equisetum hyemale var. affine Scouring Rush Horsetail EQUIHYA S5 FE 

Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Horsetail EQUILAE S4 FE 

Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail EQUIPAL S5 FE 

Equisetum pratense Meadow Horsetail EQUIPRA S5 FE 

Equisetum scirpoides Dwarf Scouringrush EQUISCI S5 FE 

Equisetum sp Horsetail Species EQUI-SP 

Equisetum sylvaticum Woodland Horsetail EQUISYL S5 FE 

Equisetum variegatum var. variegatum Variegated Scouringrush EQUIVAV S5 FE 

Equisetum X ferrissii Ferris Hybrid Horsetail EQUEFER SHY3 FE 

Equisetum X litorale Litoral Hybrid Horsetail EQUILIT SHY2? FE 

Equisetum X mackaii MacKai's Hybrid Horsetail EQUIMAC SHY3 FE 

Equisetum X nelsonii Nelson's Hybrid Horsetail EQUINEL SHY2? FE 

Eragrostis capillaris Lace Lovegrass ERAGCAP SH GR 

Eragrostis cilianensis Candy Lovegrass ERAGCIL SNA GR 

Eragrostis frankii Sandbar Lovegrass ERAGFRA S4 GR 

Eragrostis hypnoides Creeping Lovegrass ERAGHYP S4 GR 

Eragrostis minor Little Lovegrass ERAGMIN SNA GR 

Eragrostis pectinacea var. miserrima Desert Lovegrass ERAGPEM SNA GR 

Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea Western Lovegrass ERAGPEP S5 GR 

Eragrostis pilosa var. pilosa Indian Lovegrass ERAGPIL SNA GR 

Eragrostis sp Love Grass Species ERAG-SP 

Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Lovegrass ERAGSPE S4 GR 

Eranthis hyemalis Winter Aconite ERANHYE SNA FO 

Erechtites hieraciifolius var. hieraciifolius American Burnweed ERECHIE S5 FO 

Erigenia bulbosa Harbinger of Spring ERIGBUL S3? FO 

Erigeron annuus Annual Fleabane ERIGANN S5 FO 

Erigeron philadelphicus var. philadelphicus Philadelphia Fleabane ERIGPHP S5 FO 

Erigeron philadelphicus var. provancheri Provancher's Fleabane ERIGPHR SU FO 

Erigeron pulchellus var. pulchellus Robin's Plantain ERIGPUL S5 FO 

Erigeron sp Fleabane Species ERIG-SP 

Erigeron strigosus var. septentrionalis Prairie Fleabane ERIGSTS SU FO 

Erigeron strigosus var. strigosus Lesser Daisy Fleabane ERIGSTR S5 FO 

Eriocaulon aquaticum Seven-angle Pipewort ERIOAQU S5 FO 

Eriochloa contracta Prairie Cupgrass ERIOCON SNA GR 

Eriophorum gracile Slender Cottongrass ERIOGRA S5 SE 

Eriophorum sp Cottongrass Species ERIO-SP 

Eriophorum tenellum Few-nerved Cottongrass ERIOTEN S5 SE 

Eriophorum vaginatum Tussock Cottongrass ERIOVAS S5 SE 

Eriophorum virginicum Tawny Cottongrass ERIOVIR S5 SE 

Eriophorum viridicarinatum Tassel Cottongrass ERIOVRC S5 SE 

Erodium cicutarium ssp. cicutarium Red-stem Stork's Bill ERODCIC SNA FO 

Erodium moshatum var. moshatum Musky Stork's Bill ERODMOM SNA FO 

Eruca vesicaria ssp. sativa Rocket-salad ERUCVES SNA FO 

Erucastrum gallicum Common Dogmustard ERUCGAL SNA FO 

Eryngium aquaticum var. aquaticum Rattlesnake Master ERYNAQA SNA FO 

Eryngium maritimum Seaside Eryngo ERYNMAR SNA FO 

Eryngium planum Plains Eryngo ERYNPLA SNA FO 

Erysimum cheiranthoides Treacle Wallflower ERYSCHC SNA FO 

21



Erysimum hieraciifolium European Wallflower ERYSHIE SNA FO 

Erysimum inconspicuum Shy Wallflower ERYSINC S4 FO 

Erysimum repandum Spreading Wallflower ERYSREP SNA FO 

Erysimum sp Erysimum Species ERYS-SP 

Erythronium albidum White Trout Lily ERYTALB S4 FO 

Erythronium americanum ssp. americanum Yellow Trout Lily ERYTAMA S5 FO 

Erythronium sp Trout Lily Species ERYT-SP 

Eschscholzia californica ssp. californica California Poppy ESCHCAC SNA FO 

Euonymus alata Winged Burning Bush EUONALA SNA SH 

Euonymus atropurpurea var. atropurpurea Eastern Wahoo EUONATA S3 SH 

Euonymus europaea European Spindle Tree EUONEUR SNA SH 

Euonymus fortunei var. radicans Winter Creeper EUONFOR SNA SH 

Euonymus obovata Running Strawberry Bush EUONOBO S5 SH 

Euonymus sp Euonymus Species EUON-SP 

Eupatorium altissimum Tall Boneset EUPAALT S1 FO 

Eupatorium perfoliatum Common Boneset EUPAPER S5 FO 

Eupatorium serotinum Late-flowering Boneset EUPASER SNA FO 

Eupatorium sp Joe-pye-weed Species EUPA-SP 

Euphorbia commutata Tinted Woodland Spurge EUPHCOM S1 FO 

Euphorbia corollata Flowering Spurge EUPHCOR S4 FO 

Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress Spurge EUPHCYP SNA FO 

Euphorbia davidii David's Spurge EUPHDAV SNA FO 

Euphorbia dentata var. dentata Toothed Spurge EUPHDEN SNA FO 

Euphorbia epithymoides Cushion Spurge EUPHEPI SNA FO 

Euphorbia esula var. esula Leafy Spurge EUPHESU SNA FO 

Euphorbia exigua Dwarf Spurge EUPHEXI SNA FO 

Euphorbia helioscopia Summer Spurge EUPHHEL SNA FO 

Euphorbia heterophylla Mexican Fireplant EUPHHET SNA FO 

Euphorbia lathyris Caper Spurge EUPHLAT SNA FO 

Euphorbia lucida Shining Spurge EUPHLUC SNA FO 

Euphorbia marginata Snow-on-the-mountain EUPHMAR SNA FO 

Euphorbia myrsinites Myrtle Spurge EUPHMYR SNA FO 

Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge EUPHPEP SNA FO 

Euphorbia platyphyllos Broadleaf Spurge EUPHPLA SNA FO 

Euphorbia sp Spurge Species EUPH-SP 

Euphorbia spathulata Warty Spurge EUPHOBT S1 FO 

Euphorbia X pseudoesula False Leafy Hybrid Spurge EUPHPSE SNA FO 

Euphrasia nemorosa Common Eyebright EUPHNEM SU FO 

Euphrasia stricta Drug Eyebright EUPHSTR SNA FO 

Eurybia divaricata White Wood Aster ASTEDIV S2 FO 

Eurybia macrophylla Large-leaf Wood Aster ASTEMAC S5 FO 

Eurybia schreberi Schreber's Wood Aster ASTESCH S2S3 FO 

Euthamia caroliniana Coastal Plain Goldentop EUTHGYM S1 FO 

Euthamia graminifolia Common Goldentop EUTHGRA S5 FO 

Eutrochium maculatum var. foliosum Spotted Joepyeweed EUTRMAF SNR FO 

Eutrochium maculatum var. maculatum Spotted Joepyeweed EUPAMAM S5 FO 

Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum Sweet-scented Joepyeweed EUPAPUP S4 FO 

Fagopyrum esculentum Common Buckwheat FAGOESC SNA FO 

Fagopyrum tataricum Tatarian Buckwheat FAGOTAT SNA FO 

Fagus grandifolia American Beech FAGUGRA S4 TR 

Fallopia cilinodis Fringed Black Bindweed POLYCIL S5 VI 

Fallopia convolvulus Black Bindweed POLYCON SNA VI 

Fallopia dumetorum Climbing False Buckwheat FALLDUM SNA VI 

Fallopia japonica var. japonica Japanese Knotweed POLYCUS SNA FO 

Fallopia sachalinensis Giant Knotweed POLYSAC SNA FO 

Fallopia scandens Climbing False Buckwheat POLYSCN S4S5 VI 

22



Fallopia sp Knotweed Species FALL-SP 

Fern sp Fern Species FERN-SP 

Festuca filiformis Fineleaf Sheep Fescue FESTFIL SNA GR 

Festuca occidentalis Western Fescue FESTOCC S4? GR 

Festuca ovina Sheep Fescue FESTOVI SNA GR 

Festuca rubra ssp. commutata Chewing's Fescue FESTRUC SNA GR 

Festuca rubra ssp. rubra Red Fescue FESTRUR SNA GR 

Festuca saximontana var. saximontana Rocky Mountain Fescue FESTSAX S4 GR 

Festuca sp Fescue Species FEST-SP 

Festuca subverticillata Nodding Fescue FESTSUB S4 GR 

Festuca trachyphylla Hard Fescue FESTTRA SNA GR 

Filipendula rubra Queen-of-the-prairie FILIRUB SNA FO 

Filipendula ulmaria ssp. ulmaria Queen-of-the-meadow FILIULU SNA FO 

Filipendula vulgaris Dropwort FILIVUL SNA FO 

Fimbristylis autumnalis Slender Fimbry FIMBAUT S4 SE 

Fimbristylis puberula var. puberula Hairy Fimbry FIMBPUP S1 SE 

Floerkea proserpinacoides False Mermaid Weed FLOEPRO S4 FO 

Foeniculum vulgare Sweet Fennel FOENVUL SNA FO 

Forb sp Forb Species FORB-SP 

Forsythia suspensa Weeping Forsythia FORSSUS SNA SH 

Forsythia viridissima Greenstem Forsythia FORSVIR SNA SH 

Fragaria sp Strawberry Species FRAG-SP 

Fragaria vesca ssp. americana Woodland Strawberry FRAGVEA S5 FO 

Fragaria virginiana ssp. glauca Virginia Strawberry FRAGVIG SU FO 

Fragaria virginiana ssp. virginiana Virginia Strawberry FRAGVIV S5 FO 

Frangula alnus Glossy Buckthorn RHAMFRA SNA SH 

Frasera caroliniensis American Columbo FRASCAR S2 FO 

Fraxinus americana White Ash FRAXAME S4? TR 

Fraxinus excelsior European Ash FRAXEXC SNA TR 

Fraxinus nigra Black Ash FRAXNIG S5? TR 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash FRAXPEN S5 TR 

Fraxinus profunda Pumpkin Ash FRAXPRO S2? TR 

Fraxinus quadrangulata Blue Ash FRAXQUA S3 TR 

Fraxinus sp Ash Species FRAX-SP 

Froelichia gracilis Slender Snake-cotton FROEGRA SNA FO 

Fumaria officinalis ssp. officinalis Drug Fumitory FUMAOFF SNA FO 

Gaillardia aristata Common Gaillardia GAILARI SNA FO 

Gaillardia pulchella Fire Wheel GAILPUL SNA FO 

Galanthus nivalis Snowdrop GALANIV SNA FO 

Galearis spectabilis Showy Orchid GALISPC S4 FO 

Galega officinalis Professor Weed GALEOFF SNA FO 

Galeopsis sp Hempnettle Species GALE-SP 

Galeopsis speciosa Edmonton Hempnettle GALESPE SNA FO 

Galeopsis tetrahit var. tetrahit Brittle-stem Hempnettle GALETET SNA FO 

Galinsoga parviflora Gallant Soldier GALIPAR SNA FO 

Galinsoga quadriradiata Fringed Quickweed GALIQUA SNA FO 

Galium aparine Cleavers GALIAPA S5 FO 

Galium asprellum Rough Bedstraw GALIASP S5 FO 

Galium boreale Northern Bedstraw GALIBOR S5 FO 

Galium circaezans var. circaezans Licorice Bedstraw GALICIR S5 FO 

Galium concinnum Shining Bedstraw GALICON S1 FO 

Galium glaucum Waxy Bedstraw GALIGLA SNA FO 

Galium labradoricum Northern Bog Bedstraw GALILAB S5 FO 

Galium lanceolatum Lanceleaf Wild Licorice GALILAN S5 FO 

Galium mollugo White Bedstraw GALIMOL SNA FO 

Galium obtusum ssp. obtusum Bluntleaf Bedstraw GALIOBT S4S5 FO 

23



Galium odoratum Sweet-scented Bedstraw GALIODO SNA FO 

Galium palustre Common Marsh Bedstraw GALIPAL S5 FO 

Galium pilosum var. pilosum Hairy Bedstraw GALIPIP S3 FO 

Galium sp Bedstraw Species GALI-SP 

Galium spurium Marin County Bedstraw GALISPU SNA FO 

Galium sylvaticum Scotch Mist GALISYL SNA FO 

Galium tinctorium Stiff Marsh Bedstraw GALITIN S5 FO 

Galium tricornutum Rough-fruit Corn Bedstraw GALITRC SNA FO 

Galium trifidum ssp. subbiflorum Three-petal Bedstraw GALITRS SU FO 

Galium trifidum ssp. trifidum Three-petal Bedstraw GALITRT S5 FO 

Galium triflorum Fragrant Bedstraw GALITRI S5 FO 

Galium verum Yellow Spring Bedstraw GALIVER SNA FO 

Gamochaeta purpurea Purple Cudweed GAMOPUR SX FO 

Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry GAULHIS S5 SH 

Gaultheria procumbens Eastern Teaberry GAULPRO S5 SH 

Gaultheria sp Gaultheria Species GAUL-SP 

Gaylussacia baccata Black Huckleberry GAYLBAC S4 SH 

Genista tinctoria Dyer's Greenweed GENITIN SNA SH 

Gentiana alba Plain Gentian GENTFLA S1 FO 

Gentiana andrewsii var. andrewsii Closed Bottle Gentian GENTAND S4 FO 

Gentiana linearis Narrowleaf Gentian GENTLIN S4 FO 

Gentiana rubricaulis Closed Gentian GENTRUB S4 FO 

Gentiana sp Gentian Species GENT-SP 

Gentiana X billingtonii Billington's Hybrid Gentian GENTBIL SHY1 FO 

Gentiana X pallidocyanea Pale-cyan Hybrid Gentian GENTPAL SHY1 FO 

Gentianella quinquefolia ssp. occidentalis Stiff Dwarf Gentian GENTQUO S1S2 FO 

Gentianella quinquefolia ssp. quinquefolia Agueweed GENTQUQ S1S2 FO 

Gentianopsis crinita Fringed Gentian GENTCRI S5 FO 

Gentianopsis virgata Small Fringed Gentian GENTVIR S4 FO 

Geocaulon lividum False Toadflax GEOCLIV S5 FO 

Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's Geranium GERABIC S4 FO 

Geranium carolinianum var. carolinianum Carolina Geranium GERACAC S4 FO 

Geranium carolinianum var. sphaerospermum Carolina Geranium GERACAS SU FO 

Geranium columbinum Long-stalk Geranium GERACOL SNA FO 

Geranium dissectum Cutleaf Geranium GERADIS SNA FO 

Geranium maculatum Spotted Geranium GERAMAC S5 FO 

Geranium molle Dovefoot Geranium GERAMOL SNA FO 

Geranium pratense Meadow Geranium GERAPRA SNA FO 

Geranium pusillum Small Geranium GERAPUS SNA FO 

Geranium pyrenaicum Hedgerow Geranium GERAPYR SNA FO 

Geranium robertianum Herb Robert GERAROB SNA FO 

Geranium sanguineum Bloody Geranium GERASAN SNA FO 

Geranium sp Crane's-bill Species GERA-SP 

Geum aleppicum Yellow Avens GEUMALE S5 FO 

Geum canadense var. canadense White Avens GEUMCAN S5 FO 

Geum laciniatum var. laciniatum Rough Avens GEUMLAC SU FO 

Geum laciniatum var. trichocarpum Rough Avens GEUMLAT SU FO 

Geum macrophyllum var. perincisum Largeleaf Avens GEUMMAP S5 FO 

Geum rivale Purple Avens GEUMRIV S5 FO 

Geum sp Avens Species GEUM-SP 

Geum triflorum var. triflorum Prairie-smoke GEUMTRI S4 FO 

Geum urbanum Herb Bennet GEUMURB SNA FO 

Geum vernum Spring Avens GEUMVER S4 FO 

Geum virginianum Cream Avens GEUMVIR SH FO 

Geum X aurantiacum Orange Hybrid Avens GEUMAUR SHY1 FO 

Geum X catlingii Catling's Avens GEUMCAT SNA FO 

24



Geum X pulchrum Beauty Hybrid Avens GEUMPUL SHY1 FO 

Glaucium flavum Yellow Horn Poppy GLAUFLA SNA FO 

Glebionis coronarium Crown Daisy GLEBCOR SNA FO 

Glebionis segetum Corn Daisy GLEBSEG SNA FO 

Glechoma hederacea Ground Ivy GLECHED SNA FO 

Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust GLEDTRI S2 TR 

Glyceria borealis Northern Manna Grass GLYCBOR S5 GR 

Glyceria canadensis var. canadensis Rattlesnake Manna Grass GLYCCAN S4S5 GR 

Glyceria grandis var. grandis American Manna Grass GLYCGRA S4S5 GR 

Glyceria maxima Reed Manna Grass GLYCMAI SNA GR 

Glyceria melicaria Melic Manna Grass GLYCMEL S4 GR 

Glyceria septentrionalis var. septentrionalis Floating Manna Grass GLYCSEP S4 GR 

Glyceria sp Glyceria Species GLYC-SP 

Glyceria striata var. striata Fowl Manna Grass GLYCSTR S5 GR 

Glyceria X ottawensis Ottawa Hybrid Manna Grass GLYCOTT SHY1 GR 

Glycine max Soybean GLYCMAX SNA FO 

Glycyrrhiza lepidota American Licorice GLYCLEP S3 FO 

Gnaphalium uliginosum Low Cudweed GNAPULI SNA FO 

Goodyera oblongifolia Rattlesnake Plantain GOODOBL S4 FO 

Goodyera pubescens Downy Rattlesnake Plantain GOODPUB S4 FO 

Goodyera repens Dwarf Rattlesnake Plantain GOODREP S5 FO 

Goodyera sp Rattlesnake Plantain Species GOOD-SP 

Goodyera tesselata Checkered Rattlesnake Plantain GOODTES S4S5 FO 

Graphephorum melicoides Purple False Oat TRISMEL S4 GR 

Grass sp Grass Species GRAS-SP 

Gratiola aurea Golden Hedge-hyssop GRATAUR S4? FO 

Gratiola neglecta Clammy Hedge-hyssop GRATNEG S4 FO 

Gratiola quartermaniae Quarterman's Hedge-hyssop GRATQUA S2 FO 

Gratiola sp Hedge-hyssop Species GRAT-SP 

Grindelia squarrosa Curly-cup Gumweed GRINSQU SNA FO 

Guizotia abyssinica Ramtilla GUIZABY SNA FO 

Gymnocarpium dryopteris Western Oak Fern GYMNDRD S5 FE 

Gymnocarpium robertianum Limestone Oak Fern GYMNROB S2 FE 

Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky Coffee Tree GYMNDIO S2 TR 

Gypsophila elegans Showy Baby's-breath GYPSELE SNA FO 

Gypsophila muralis Low Baby's-breath GYPSMUR SNA FO 

Gypsophila paniculata Baby's-breath GYPSPAN SNA FO 

Gypsophila scorzonerifolia Garden Baby's-breath GYPSSCO SNA FO 

Hackelia deflexa var. americana American Stickseed HACKDEF S5 FO 

Hackelia floribunda Many-flower Stickseed HACKFLO SNR FO 

Hackelia virginiana Beggar's-lice HACKVIR S5 FO 

Halenia deflexa ssp. deflexa American Spurred Gentian HALEDED S5 FO 

Hamamelis virginiana American Witch-hazel HAMAVIR S5 SH 

Hedeoma hispida Rough False Pennyroyal HEDEHIS S4 FO 

Hedeoma pulegioides American False Pennyroyal HEDEPUL S4 FO 

Hedera helix English Ivy HEDEHEL SNA VW 

Helenium autumnale Common Sneezeweed HELEAUT S5 FO 

Helenium flexuosum Purple-head Sneezeweed HELEFLE SNA FO 

Helianthemum bicknellii Hoary Frostweed HELIBIC S4 FO 

Helianthemum canadense Canada Frostweed HELICAN S3 FO 

Helianthus annuus Annual Sunflower HELIANA SNA FO 

Helianthus decapetalus Thinleaf Sunflower HELIDEC S5 FO 

Helianthus divaricatus Woodland Sunflower HELIDIV S5 FO 

Helianthus giganteus Giant Sunflower HELIGIG S5 FO 

Helianthus grosseserratus Sawtooth Sunflower HELIGRO SNA FO 

Helianthus hirsutus Hairy Sunflower HELIHIR SNA FO 

25



Helianthus maximiliani Maximilian Sunflower HELIMAX SNA FO 

Helianthus mollis Ashy Sunflower HELIMOL SNA FO 

Helianthus nuttallii ssp. rydbergii Rydberg's Sunflower HELINUR SU FO 

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. pauciflorus Stiff Sunflower HELIPAP SNA FO 

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus Stiff Sunflower HELIPAS S2S3 FO 

Helianthus petiolaris ssp. petiolaris Prairie Sunflower HELIPEP SNA FO 

Helianthus sp Sunflower Species HELI-SP 

Helianthus strumosus Pale-leaf Woodland Sunflower HELISTR S5 FO 

Helianthus tuberosus Girasole HELITUB SU FO 

Helianthus X laetiflorus Cheerful Hybrid Sunflower HELILAE SNA FO 

Heliopsis helianthoides var. helianthoides Smooth Oxeye HELIHEL SU FO 

Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra Rough Oxeye HELIHES SU FO 

Helminthotheca echioides Bristly Oxtongue HELMECH SNA FO 

Hemerocallis fulva Orange Daylily HEMEFUL SNA FO 

Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus Lemon Daylily HEMELIL SNA FO 

Heracleum mantegazzianum Giant Hogweed HERAMAN SNA FO 

Heracleum maximum Cow Parsnip HERALAN S5 FO 

Heracleum sphondylium ssp. sibiricum Eltrot HERASPS SNA FO 

Herniaria glabra Smooth Rupturewort HERNGLA SNA FO 

Hesperis matronalis Dames Rocket HESPMAT SNA FO 

Hesperostipa comata ssp. comata Needle-and-thread STIPCOM S1 GR 

Hesperostipa spartea Porcupine Grass STIPSPA S4 GR 

Heteranthera dubia Grassleaf Mud Plantain HETEDUB S5 FO 

Heuchera americana var. americana American Alumroot HEUCAMA S2 FO 

Heuchera richardsonii Richardson's Alumroot HEUCRIC S4 FO 

Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. moscheutos Crimson-eyed Rose Mallow HIBIMOM S3 FO 

Hibiscus trionum Flower-of-an-hour HIBITRI SNA FO 

Hieracium aurantiacum Orange Hawkweed HIERAUR SNA FO 

Hieracium caespitosum Meadow Hawkweed HIERCAC SNA FO 

Hieracium gronovii Gronovis Hawkweed HIERGRO S3? FO 

Hieracium marianum Maryland Hawkweed HIERMAR S1 FO 

Hieracium murorum Wall Hawkweed HIERMUR SNA FO 

Hieracium paniculatum Allegheny Hawkweed HIERPAN S2? FO 

Hieracium pilosella Mouse-ear Hawkweed HIERPLO SNA FO 

Hieracium piloselloides Tall Hawkweed HIERPIL SNA FO 

Hieracium scabrum Rough Hawkweed HIERSCB S4 FO 

Hieracium sp Hawkweed Species HIER-SP 

Hieracium tridentatum Three-tooth Hawkweed HIERTRI SNA FO 

Hieracium umbellatum Canadian Hawkweed HIERUMB SNA FO 

Hieracium venosum Rattlesnake HawkWeed HIERVEN S2 FO 

Hieracium vulgatum Common Hawkweed HIERLAC SNA FO 

Hieracium X floribundum Yellow Hybrid Hawkweed HIERFLO SNA FO 

Hippophae rhamnoides Sea Buckthorn HIPPRHA SNA SH 

Hippuris tetraphylla Fourleaf Mare's-tail HIPPTET S4S5 FO 

Hippuris vulgaris Common Mare's-tail HIPPVUL S5 FO 

Holcus lanatus Common Velvet Grass HOLCLAN SNA GR 

Holosteum umbellatum Jagged Chickweed HOLOUMB SNA FO 

Hordeum jubatum Foxtail Barley HORDJUJ S5 GR 

Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Mediterranean Barley HORDMAG SNA GR 

Hordeum pusillum Little Barley HORDPUS SNA GR 

Hordeum sp Barley Species HORD-SP 

Hordeum vulgare Common Barley HORDVUL SNA GR 

Houstonia caerulea Azure Bluet HEDYCAE SH FO 

Houstonia canadensis Canadian Summer Bluet HOUSCAN S4? FO 

Houstonia longifolia Longleaf Summer Bluet HEDYLON S4? FO 

Houstonia sp Bluet Species HOUS-SP 

26



Hudsonia tomentosa var. tomentosa Wolly Beach Heather HUDSTOM S3 SH 

Humulus japonicus Japanese Hop HUMUJAP SNA VI 

Humulus lupulus var. lupuloides Arizona Hop HUMULUO S4 VI 

Humulus lupulus var. lupulus Common Hop HUMULUL SNA VI 

Humulus sp Hop Species HUMU-SP 

Huperzia lucidula Shining Clubmoss HUPELUC S5 FE 

Huperzia selago Fir Clubmoss HUPESEL S4 FE 

Huperzia sp Clubmoss Species HUPE-SP 

Huperzia X buttersii Butter's Hybrid Clubmoss HUPEBUT SHY1? FE 

Hyacinthoides hispanica Hispanic Hyacinthoides HYACHIS SNA FO 

Hybanthus concolor Eastern Green Violet HYBACON S2 FO 

Hydrangea paniculata Panicled Hydrangea HYDRPAN SNA FO 

Hydrastis canadensis Goldenseal HYDRCAN S2 FO 

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Common Frogbit HYDRMOR SNA FO 

Hydrocotyle americana American Mash Pennywort HYDRAME S5 FO 

Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Great Waterleaf HYDRAPP S2 FO 

Hydrophyllum canadense Bluntleaf Waterleaf HYDRCND S4 FO 

Hydrophyllum sp Waterleaf Species HYDR-SP 

Hydrophyllum virginianum Virginia Waterleaf HYDRVIR S5 FO 

Hylotelephium telephioides Allegheny Stonecrop HYLOTEL SNA FO 

Hylotelephium telephium ssp. telephium Witch's Money-bags SEDUTEL SNA FO 

Hyoscyamus albus White Henbane HYOSALB SNA FO 

Hyoscyamus niger Black Henbane HYOSNIG SNA FO 

Hypericum ascyron Great St. Johnswort HYPEASC S3? FO 

Hypericum boreale Northern St. Johnswort HYPEMUB S5 FO 

Hypericum canadense Canadian St. Johnswort HYPECAN S4? FO 

Hypericum ellipticum Pale St. Johnswort HYPEELL S5 FO 

Hypericum gentianoides Orange-grass HYPEGEN S1 FO 

Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. Johnswort HYPEKAL S4 SH 

Hypericum majus Greater St. Johnswort HYPEMAJ S5 FO 

Hypericum mutilum Dwarf St. Johnswort HYPEMUM S5 FO 

Hypericum perforatum Common St. Johnswort HYPEPER SNA FO 

Hypericum prolificum Shrubby St. Johnswort HYPEPRO S2 SH 

Hypericum punctatum Spotted St. Johnswort HYPEPUN S5 FO 

Hypericum sp St. John's-wort Species HYPE-SP 

Hypericum sphaerocarpum Round-seed St. Johnswort HYPESPH S1 FO 

Hypericum X dissimulatum Disguised St. Johnswort HYPEDIS SHY1 FO 

Hypochaeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear HYPOGLA SNA FO 

Hypochaeris radicata Common Cat's-ear HYPORAD SNA FO 

Hypoxis hirsuta Common Yellow Stargrass HYPOHIR S3 FO 

Hyssopus officinalis European Hyssop HYSSOFF SNA FO 

Iberis umbellata Globe Candytuft IBERUMB SNA FO 

Ilex mucronatus Mountain Holly NEMOMUC S5 SH 

Ilex verticillata Common Winterberry ILEXVER S5 SH 

Impatiens capensis Spotted Jewelweed IMPACAP S5 FO 

Impatiens glandulifera Ornamental Jewelweed IMPAGLA SNA FO 

Impatiens pallida Pale Jewelweed IMPAPAL S5 FO 

Impatiens sp Jewelweed Species IMPA-SP 

Inula britannica British Yellowhead INULBRI SNA FO 

Inula helenium Elecampane INULHEL SNA FO 

Ipomoea hederacea Ivy-leaf Morning-glory IPOMHED SNA VI 

Ipomoea lacunosa White Morning-glory IPOMLAC SNA VI 

Ipomoea pandurata Bigroot Mourning-glory IPOMPAN S1 VI 

Ipomoea purpurea Common Mourning-glory IPOMPUR SNA VI 

Ipomoea quamoclit Cypress Mourning-glory IPOMQUA SNA VI 

Ipomoea sp Mourning-glory Species IPOM-SP 

27



Ipomopsis rubra Standing Cypress IPOMRUB SNA FO 

Iris brevicaulis Zigzag Iris IRISBRE S1 FO 

Iris ensata Japanese Iris IRISENS SNA FO 

Iris germanica German Iris IRISGER SNA FO 

Iris lacustris Dwarf Lake Iris IRISLAC S3 FO 

Iris pallida Sweet Iris IRISPAL SNA FO 

Iris prismatica Slender Blue Iris IRISPRI SNA FO 

Iris pseudacorus Pale Yellow Iris IRISPSE SNA FO 

Iris pumila Dwarf Iris IRISPUM SNA FO 

Iris sibirica Siberian Iris IRISSIB SNA FO 

Iris sp Iris Species IRIS-SP 

Iris versicolor Harlequin Blue Flag IRISVER S5 FO 

Iris virginica Virginia Iris IRISVIR S5 FO 

Iris X robusta Robust Hybrid Iris IRISROB SU FO 

Isatis tinctoria Dyer's Woad ISATTIN SNA FO 

Isoetes engelmannii var. engelmannii Engelmann's Quillwort ISOEENG S1 FE 

Isoetes lacustris Lake Quillwort ISOELAC S4 FE 

Isoetes riparia Shore Quillwort ISOERIP S3 FE 

Isoetes sp Quillwort Species ISOE-SP 

Isoetes tenella Spiny-spore Quillwort ISOEECH S5 FE 

Isoetes tuckermanii Tuckerman's Quillwort ISOETUC S1 FE 

Isoetes X dodgei Dodge's Hybrid Quillwort ISOEDOD SHY1 FE 

Isoetes X eatonii Eaton's Hybrid Quillwort ISOEEAT SHY1 FE 

Isoetes X harveyi Harvey's Hybrid Quillwort ISOEHAR SHY1 FE 

Isoetes X hickeyi Hickey's Hybrid Quillwort ISOEHIC SHY1 FE 

Isotria medeoloides Green Fiveleaf Orchid ISOTMED S1 FO 

Isotria sp Whorled Pogonia Species ISOT-SP 

Isotria verticillata Purple Fiveleaf Orchid ISOTVER S1 FO 

Jacobaea vulgaris Stinking Willie SENEJAC SNA FO 

Jeffersonia diphylla Twinleaf JEFFDIP S4 FO 

Juglans cinerea Butternut JUGLCIN S3? TR 

Juglans nigra Black Walnut JUGLNIG S4 TR 

Juglans regia English Walnut JUGLREG SNA TR 

Juglans sp Walnut Species JUGL-SP 

Juncus acuminatus Sharp-fruit Rush JUNCACU S3 RU 

Juncus alpinoarticulatus Northern Green Rush JUNCALP S5 RU 

Juncus anthelatus Greater Poverty Rush JUNCANT S1 RU 

Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush JUNCART S5 RU 

Juncus balticus Baltic Rush JUNCBAL S5 RU 

Juncus biflorus Bog Rush JUNCBIF S1 RU 

Juncus brachycarpus White-root Rush JUNCBRA S1 RU 

Juncus brachycephalus Small-head Rush JUNCBCE S4S5 RU 

Juncus brevicaudatus Narrow-panicle Rush JUNCBRE S5 RU 

Juncus bufonius Toad Rush JUNCBUF S5 RU 

Juncus canadensis Canadian Rush JUNCCAN S5 RU 

Juncus compressus Round-fruit Rush JUNCCOM SNA RU 

Juncus dudleyi Dudley's Rush JUNCDUD S5 RU 

Juncus effusus ssp. solutus Lamp Rush JUNCEFS S5 RU 

Juncus filiformis Thread Rush JUNCFIL S4S5 RU 

Juncus gerardii Salt-meadow Rush JUNCGER SNA RU 

Juncus greenei Green's Rush JUNCGRE S3 RU 

Juncus inflexus European Meadow Rush JUNCINF SNA RU 

Juncus longistylis Long-style Rush JUNCLON S3 RU 

Juncus marginatus Grassleaf Rush JUNCMAR S3 RU 

Juncus militaris Bayonet Rush JUNCMIL S4 RU 

Juncus nodosus Knotted Rush JUNCNOD S5 RU 

28



Juncus pelocarpus Brown-fruit Rush JUNCPEL S5 RU 

Juncus pylaei Common Rush JUNCPYL S5 RU 

Juncus secundus Lopsided Rush JUNCSEC S3 RU 

Juncus sp Rush Species JUNC-SP 

Juncus subtilis Greater Creeping Rush JUNCSUB S3 RU 

Juncus tenuis Poverty Rush JUNCTEN S5 RU 

Juncus torreyi Torrey's Rush JUNCTOR S5 RU 

Juncus vaseyi Vasey's Rush JUNCVAS S3 RU 

Juncus X gracilescens Slender Hybrid Rush JUNCGRA SHY1 RU 

Juncus X nodosiformis Knotty Hybrid Rush JUNCNOF SHY2? RU 

Juniperus communis var. depressa Ground Juniper JUNICOD S5 SH 

Juniperus horizontalis Creeping Juniper JUNIHOR S5 SH 

Juniperus sp Juniper Species JUNI-SP 

Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana Eastern Red Cedar JUNIVIR S5 TR 

Justicia americana American Water-willow JUSTAME S1 FO 

Kalmia angustifolia Sheep Laurel KALMANG S5 SH 

Kalmia polifolia Bog Laurel KALMPOL S5 SH 

Kalmia sp Laurel Species KALM-SP 

Kerria japonica Japanese Rose KERRJAP SNA SH 

Kickxia elatine Sharpleaf Cancerwort KICKELA SNA FO 

Kickxia spuria Roundleaf Cancerwort KICKSPU SNA FO 

Knautia arvensis Blue Buttons KNAUARV SNA FO 

Kochia scoparia ssp. scoparia Mexican Fireweed KOCHSCO SNA FO 

Koeleria macrantha Junegrass KOELMAC S4 GR 

Kolkwitzia amabilis Beautybush KOLKAMA SNA FO 

Krigia biflora Two-flower Dwarf Dandelion KRIGBIB S2 FO 

Krigia virginica Virginia Dwarf Dandelion KRIGVIR S1 FO 

Lablab purpureus Hyacinth Bean LABLPUR SNA VI 

Lactuca biennis Tall Blue Lettuce LACTBIE S5 FO 

Lactuca canadensis Canada Lettuce LACTCAN S5 FO 

Lactuca floridana Florida Lettuce LACTFLF S2 FO 

Lactuca hirsuta Hairy Lettuce LACTHIR S4? FO 

Lactuca saligna Willow-leaf Lettuce LACTSAL SNA FO 

Lactuca sativa Garden Lettuce LACTSAT SNA FO 

Lactuca serriola China Lettuce LACTSER SNA FO 

Lactuca sp Lettuce Species LACT-SP 

Lamium album White Deadnettle LAMIALB SNA FO 

Lamium amplexicaule Common Henbit LAMIAMP SNA FO 

Lamium maculatum Spotted Henbit LAMIMAC SNA FO 

Lamium purpureum var. purpureum Purple Deadnettle LAMIPUR SNA FO 

Lamium sp Deadnettle Species LAMI-SP 

Laportea canadensis Canada Woodnettle LAPOCAN S5 FO 

Lappula squarrosa Bristly Sheepburr LAPPSQS SNA FO 

Lapsana communis Common Nipplewort LAPSCOM SNA FO 

Larix decidua European Larch LARIDEC SNA TR 

Larix laricina Tamarack LARILAR S5 TR 

Larix sp Larch Species LARI-SP 

Lathyrus japonicus var. japonicus Beach Pea LATHJAP S4 VI 

Lathyrus latifolius Perennial Pea LATHLAT SNA VI 

Lathyrus ochroleucus Cream Pea LATHOCH S4 VI 

Lathyrus odoratus Sweet Pea LATHODO SNA VI 

Lathyrus palustris Marsh Pea LATHPAL S5 VI 

Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Pea LATHPRA SNA VI 

Lathyrus sativus White Pea LATHSAT SNA VI 

Lathyrus sp Vetchling Species LATH-SP 

Lathyrus sylvestris Flat Pea LATHSYL SNA VI 

29



Lathyrus tuberosus Earth-nut Pea LATHTUB SNA VI 

Lathyrus venosus var. intonsus Veiny Pea LATHVEN S4 VI 

Lavatera thuringiaca Tree Lavatera LAVATHU SNA FO 

Lechea intermedia var. intermedia Large-pod Pinweed LECHINT S4 FO 

Lechea mucronata Hairy Pinweed LECHVIL S3 FO 

Lechea pulchella var. moniliformis Leggett's Pinweed LECHPUP S1 FO 

Lechea sp Pinweed Species LECH-SP 

Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea LEDUGRO S5 SH 

Leersia oryzoides Rice Cut Grass LEERORY S5 GR 

Leersia sp Cut Grass Species LEER-SP 

Leersia virginica White Cut Grass LEERVIR S4 GR 

Lemna minor Common Duckweed LEMNMIN S5 FO 

Lemna sp Duckweed Species LEMN-SP 

Lemna trisulca Ivyleaf Duckweed LEMNTRI S5 FO 

Lemna turionifera Turion Duckweed LEMNTUR SNR FO 

Lens culinaris Lentil LENSCUL SNA VI 

Leontodon autumnalis Fall Dandelion LEONAUA SNA FO 

Leontodon hispidus Bristly Hawkbit LEONHIS SNA FO 

Leontodon saxatilis ssp. saxatilis Lesser Hawkbit LEONTAT SNA FO 

Leonurus cardiaca ssp. cardiaca Common Motherwort LEONCAC SNA FO 

Lepidium campestre Cream-anther Field Pepperwort LEPICAM SNA FO 

Lepidium chalepensis Lenspod Whitetop LEPICHA SNA FO 

Lepidium coronopus Greater Swinecress LEPICOR SNA FO 

Lepidium densiflorum Common Pepperweed LEPIDEN SNA FO 

Lepidium didymum Lesser Swinecress LEPIDID SNA FO 

Lepidium draba Hoary Cress CARDDRD SNA FO 

Lepidium perfoliatum Clasping Pepperweed LEPIPER SNA FO 

Lepidium ramosissimum Many-branched Pepperweed LEPIRAM SNA FO 

Lepidium ruderale Roadside Pepperweed LEPIRUD SNA FO 

Lepidium sativum Garden Pepperweed LEPISAT SNA FO 

Lepidium sp Pepper-grass Species LEPI-SP 

Lepidium virginicum ssp. virginicum Virginia Pepperweed LEPIVIR S5 FO 

Leptochloa fusca ssp. fascicularis Bearded Sprangletop LEPTACU SNA GR 

Lespedeza bicolor Shrub Lespedeza LESPBIC SNA FO 

Lespedeza capitata Round-head Lespedeza LESPCAP S4 FO 

Lespedeza cuneata Chinese Lespedeza LESPCUN SNA SH 

Lespedeza frutescens Shrubby Bush Clover LESPINT S1 FO 

Lespedeza hirta ssp. hirta Hairy Lespedeza LESPHIR S4 FO 

Lespedeza procumbens Trailing Bush Clover LESPPRO S1 FO 

Lespedeza sp Bush-clover Species LESP-SP 

Lespedeza thunbergii Thunberg's Lespedeza LESPTHU SNA SH 

Lespedeza violacea Violet Lespedeza LESPVIO S4 FO 

Lespedeza virginica Slender Lespedeza LESPVIR S1 FO 

Lespedeza X longifolia Longleaf Hybrid Lespedeza LESPLON SHY1 FO 

Lespedeza X nuttallii Nuttall's Hybrid Lespedeza LESPNUT SHY1 FO 

Leucanthemella serotina Giant Daisy LEUCSER SNA FO 

Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye Daisy CHRYLEU SNA FO 

Leucophysalis grandiflora Large False Ground-cherry LEUCGRA S3 FO 

Leucospora multifida Narrowleaf Paleseed LEUCMUL S2 FO 

Levisticum officinale Garden Lovage LEVIOFF SNA FO 

Leymus arenarius Sand Rye Grass LEYMARE SNA GR 

Liatris aspera Tall Blazing Star LIATASI S2 FO 

Liatris cylindracea Ontario Blazing Star LIATCYL S3 FO 

Liatris sp Blazing Star Species LIAT-SP 

Liatris spicata var. spicata Dense Blazing Star LIATSPI S3 FO 

Liatris X gladewitzii Gladewitz's Hybrid Blazing Star LIATGLA SHY1 FO 

30



Lichen sp Lichen Species LICH-SP 

Ligustrum ovalifolium Border Privet LIGUOVA SNA SH 

Ligustrum vulgare European Privet LIGUVUL SNA SH 

Lilium bulbiferum Orange Lily LILIBUL SNA FO 

Lilium canadense Canada Lily LILICAC S1? FO 

Lilium lancifolium Tiger Lily LILILAN SNA FO 

Lilium michiganense Michigan Lily LILIMIC S5 FO 

Lilium philadelphicum Wood Lily LILIPHI S5 FO 

Lilium sp Lily Species LILI-SP 

Limonium vulgare Mediterranean Sealavender LIMOVUL SNA FO 

Linaria dalmatica ssp. dalmatica Dalmatian Toadflax LINAGED SNA FO 

Linaria sp Toadflax Species LINA-SP 

Linaria vulgaris Butter-and-eggs LINAVUL SNA FO 

Lindera benzoin Northern Spicebush LINDBEN S5 SH 

Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea Slender False Pimpernel LINDDUA S1 FO 

Lindernia dubia var. dubia Yellow-seed False Pimpernel LINDDUD S4 FO 

Linnaea borealis var. borealis American Twinflower LINNBOL S5 FO 

Linum austriacum Asian Flax LINUAUS SNA FO 

Linum catharticum Fairy Flax LINUCAT SNA FO 

Linum medium var. medium Stiff Yellow Flax LINUMEM S3? FO 

Linum medium var. texanum Stiff Yellow Flax LINUMET S1 FO 

Linum perenne Blue Flax LINUPER SNA FO 

Linum sp Yellow Flax Species LINU-SP 

Linum striatum Ridged Yellow Flax LINUSTR S1 FO 

Linum sulcatum Grooved Flax LINUSUL S3 FO 

Linum usitatissimum Common Flax LINUUSI SNA FO 

Linum virginianum Woodland Flax LINUVIR S2 FO 

Liparis liliifolia Brown Widelip Orchid LIPALIL S2 FO 

Liparis loeselii Yellow Widelip Orchid LIPALOE S4S5 FO 

Lipocarpha micrantha Dwarf Bulrush LIPOMIC S2 SE 

Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Tree LIRITUL S4 TR 

Listera auriculata Auricled Twayblade LISTAUR S3 FO 

Listera australis Southern Twayblade LISTAUS S2 FO 

Listera convallarioides Broad-lip Twayblade LISTCON S4 FO 

Listera cordata var. cordata Heart-leaf Twayblade LISTCOR S5? FO 

Listera ovata Eggleaf Twayblade LISTOVA SNA FO 

Listera sp Twayblade Species LIST-SP 

Listera X veltmanii Veltman's Hybrid Twayblade LISTVEL SHY1 FO 

Lithospermum canescens Hoary Gromwell LITHCAN S3 FO 

Lithospermum caroliniense var. croceum Carolina Gromwell LITHCAC S3 FO 

Lithospermum incisum Fringed Gromwell LITHINC S1 FO 

Lithospermum latifolium American Stoneseed LITHLAT S3 FO 

Lithospermum officinale European Stoneseed LITHOFF SNA FO 

Lithospermum sp Gromwell Species LITH-SP 

Littorella uniflora American Shoreweed LITTAME S3 FO 

Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower LOBECAR S5 FO 

Lobelia dortmanna Dortmann's Cardinal Flower LOBEDOR S4? FO 

Lobelia inflata Indian Tobacco LOBEINF S5 FO 

Lobelia kalmii Brook Lobelia LOBEKAL S5 FO 

Lobelia siphilitica var. siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia LOBESIP S5 FO 

Lobelia sp Lobelia Species LOBE-SP 

Lobelia spicata var. spicata Pale-spike Lobelia LOBESPI S4 FO 

Lobelia X speciosa Showy Hybrid Lobelia LOBESPE SHY1 FO 

Lobularia maritima Seaside Lobularia LOBUMAR SNA FO 

Logfia arvensis Field Cotton-rose LOGFARV SNA FO 

Lolium multiflorum Annual Rye Grass LOLIMUL SNA GR 

31



Lolium perenne Italian Rye Grass LOLIPER SNA GR 

Lolium persicum Persian Rye Grass LOLIPES SNA GR 

Lolium remotum Distant Rye Grass LOLIREM SNA GR 

Lolium sp Rye Grass Species LOLI-SP 

Lolium temulentum Darnel Rye Grass LOLITEM SNA GR 

Lonicera canadensis American Fly Honeysuckle LONICAN S5 SH 

Lonicera caprifolium Italian Honeysuckle LONICAP SNA VW 

Lonicera dioica Glaucous Honeysuckle LONIDIO S5 VW 

Lonicera hirsuta Hairy Honeysuckle LONIHIR S5 VW 

Lonicera involucrata var. involucrata Twinberry Honeysuckle LONIINI S5 SH 

Lonicera japonica Chinese Honeysuckle LONIJAP SNA VW 

Lonicera maackii Amur Honeysuckle LONIMAA SNA SH 

Lonicera morrowii Morrow's Honeysuckle LONIMOR SNA SH 

Lonicera oblongifolia Swamp Fly Honeysuckle LONIOBL S4S5 SH 

Lonicera periclymenum European Honeysuckle LONIPER SNA VW 

Lonicera sempervirens Trumpet Honeysuckle LONISEM SNA VW 

Lonicera sp Honeysuckle Species LONI-SP 

Lonicera tatarica Tatarian Honeysuckle LONITAT SNA SH 

Lonicera villosa Mountain Fly Honeysuckle LONIVIL S5 SH 

Lonicera X bella Bell's Hybrid Honeysuckle LONIBEL SNA SH 

Lonicera xylosteum Dwarf Honeysuckle LONIXYL SNA SH 

Lotus corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil LOTUCOR SNA FO 

Lotus tenuis Narrowleaf Bird's-foot Trefoil LOTUTEN SNA FO 

Lotus uliginosus Big Trefoil LOTUULI SNA FO 

Ludwigia alternifolia Bushy Primrose Willow LUDWALT S1 FO 

Ludwigia palustris Marsh Primrose Willow LUDWPAL S5 FO 

Ludwigia polycarpa Many-fruit Primrose Willow LUDWPOL S2S3 FO 

Ludwigia sp Seedbox Species LUDW-SP 

Lunaria annua Annual Honesty LUNAANN SNA FO 

Lupinus perennis ssp. perennis Sundial Lupine LUPIPEP S3 FO 

Lupinus polyphyllus ssp. polyphyllus Bigleaf Lupine LUPIPOL SNA FO 

Luzula acuminata var. acuminata Hairy Woodrush LUZUACU S5 RU 

Luzula campestris Field Woodrush LUZUCAM SNA RU 

Luzula echinata Hedgehog Woodrush LUZUECH S1 RU 

Luzula luzuloides ssp. luzuloides Oak Forest Woodrush LUZULUL SNA RU 

Luzula multiflora ssp. multiflora Common Woodrush LUZUMUM S5 RU 

Luzula pallescens Eurasian Wood Rush LUZUPAL SNA RU 

Luzula parviflora ssp. parviflora Small-flowered Woodrush LUZUPAP S5 RU 

Luzula sp Woodrush Species LUZU-SP 

Lycium barbarum Common Matrimony Vine LYCIBAR SNA SH 

Lycium chinense Chinese Desert-thorn LYCICHI SNA SH 

Lycopodiella inundata Inundated Clubmoss LYCOIND S5 FE 

Lycopodium annotinum Stiff Clubmoss LYCOANN S5 FE 

Lycopodium clavatum Running Clubmoss LYCOCLA S5 FE 

Lycopodium complanatum Groundcedar DIPHCOM S5 FE 

Lycopodium dendroideum Tree Groundpine LYCODEN S5 FE 

Lycopodium digitatum Fan Clubmoss DIPHDIG S5 FE 

Lycopodium hickeyi Pennsylvania Clubmoss LYCOHIC S4 FE 

Lycopodium lagopus One-cone Clubmoss LYCOLAG S4? FE 

Lycopodium obscurum Rare Clubmoss LYCOOBS S4 FE 

Lycopodium sabinifolium Savin-leaf Groundpine DIPHSAB S3 FE 

Lycopodium sitchense Sitka Clubmoss LYCOSIT S4 FE 

Lycopodium sp Clubmoss Species LYCO-SP 

Lycopodium tristachyum Deeproot Clubmoss DIPHTRI S5 FE 

Lycopodium X habereri Haberer's Hybrid Clubmoss LYCOHAB SHY2? FE 

Lycopodium X zeilleri Zeiller's Hybrid Clubmoss LYCOZEI SHY2? FE 

32



Lycopus americanus American Bugleweed LYCOAME S5 FO 

Lycopus asper Rough Bugleweed LYCOASP S4 FO 

Lycopus europaeus European Bugleweed LYCOEUR SNA FO 

Lycopus rubellus Taperleaf Bugleweed LYCORUB S3 FO 

Lycopus sp Water-horehound Species LYCP-SP 

Lycopus uniflorus var. uniflorus Northern Bugleweed LYCOUNI S5 FO 

Lycopus virginicus Virginia Bugleweed LYCOVIR S3 FO 

Lycopus X sherardii Sherard's Hybrid Bugleweed LYCOSHE SHY2 FO 

Lysimachia ciliata Fringed Loosestrife LYSICIL S5 FO 

Lysimachia hybrida Lowland Yellow Loosestrife LYSIHYB S1 FO 

Lysimachia nummularia Creeping Jenny LYSINUM SNA FO 

Lysimachia punctata Large Yellow Loosestrife LYSIPUN SNA FO 

Lysimachia quadriflora Four-flower Yellow Loosestrife LYSIQUF S4 FO 

Lysimachia quadrifolia Whorled Yellow Loosestrife LYSIQUA S4 FO 

Lysimachia sp Loosestrife Species LYSI-SP 

Lysimachia terrestris Bog Loosestrife LYSITER S5 FO 

Lysimachia thyrsiflora Swamp Loosestrife LYSITHY S5 FO 

Lysimachia vulgaris Garden Loosestrife LYSIVUL SNA FO 

Lysimachia X commixta Hybrid Loosestrife LYSICOM SHY1? FO 

Lysimachia X producta Hybrid Loosestrife LYSIPRO SHY1? FO 

Lythrum alatum Wing-angle Loosestrife LYTHALA S3 FO 

Lythrum hyssopifolia Hyssop Loosestrife LYTHHYS SNA FO 

Lythrum salicaria Purple Loosestrife LYTHSAL SNA FO 

Macleaya cordata Plume Poppy MACLCOR SNA FO 

Maclura pomifera Osage Orange MACLPOM SNA SH 

Madia sativa Chilean Tarweed MADISAT SNA FO 

Magnolia acuminata Cucumber Tree MAGNACU S2 TR 

Mahonia aquifolium Holly-leaved Barberry MAHOAQU SNA SH 

Mahonia repens Creeping Barberry MAHOREP SNA SH 

Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower MAIACAN S5 FO 

Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum False Solomon's Seal MAIARAR S5 FO 

Maianthemum sp False Solomon's Seal Species MAIA-SP 

Maianthemum stellatum Starry False Solomon's Seal MAIASTE S5 FO 

Maianthemum trifolium Three-leaf False Solomon's Seal MAIATRI S5 FO 

Malaxis brachypoda White Adder's-mouth Orchid MALAMOB S4 FO 

Malaxis sp Adder's-mouth Species MALA-SP 

Malaxis unifolia Green Adder's-mouth Orchid MALAUNI S4S5 FO 

Malcolmia maritima Virginia Stock MALCMAR SNA FO 

Malus baccata Siberian Crab Apple MALUBAC SNA SH 

Malus coronaria Sweet Crab Apple MALUCOR S4 SH 

Malus pumila Paradise Apple MALUPUM SNA SH 

Malus sp Crabapple Species MALU-SP 

Malva alcea Vervain Mallow MALVALC SNA FO 

Malva moschata Musk Mallow MALVMOS SNA FO 

Malva neglecta Common Mallow MALVNEG SNA FO 

Malva parviflora Cheeseweed Mallow MALVPAR SNA FO 

Malva sp Mallow Species MALV-SP 

Malva sylvestris High Mallow MALVSYL SNA FO 

Malva verticillata Cluster Mallow MALVVER SNA FO 

Marrubium vulgare Horehound MARRVUL SNA FO 

Marsilea quadrifolia European Water-clover MARSQUA SNA FE 

Matricaria chamomilla Crown Mayweed MATRREC SNA FO 

Matricaria discoidea Disc Mayweed MATMATR SNA FO 

Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern MATTSTP S5 FE 

Matthiola longipetala Night Scented Stock MATTLON SNA FO 

Medeola virginiana Indian Cucumber MEDEVIR S5 FO 

33



Medicago laciniata Cutleaf Medick MEDILAC SNA FO 

Medicago lupulina Black Medick MEDILUP SNA FO 

Medicago polymorpha Bur Clover MEDIPOL SNA FO 

Medicago sativa ssp. falcata Yellow Medic MEDISAF SNA FO 

Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Alfalfa MEDISAS SNA FO 

Medicago sativa ssp. varia Yellow Medic MEDISAV SNA FO 

Medicago sp Medicago Species MEDI-SP 

Melampyrum lineare var. latifolium Narrowleaf Cowwheat MELALIL SU FO 

Melampyrum lineare var. lineare Narrowleaf Cowwheat MELALIN S4S5 FO 

Melica altissima Siberian Melic Grass MELIALT SNA GR 

Melica smithii Smith's Melic Grass MELISMI S4? GR 

Melilotus albus White Sweet Clover MELIALB SNA FO 

Melilotus altissimus Tall Yellow Sweet Clover MELIALU SNA FO 

Melilotus officinalis Yellow Sweet Clover MELIOFF SNA FO 

Melilotus sp Sweet-clover Species MELI-SP 

Melissa officinalis Common Balm MELIOFO SNA FO 

Menispermum canadense Canadian Moonseed MENICAN S4 VW 

Mentha aquatica Water Mint MENTAQU SNA FO 

Mentha arvensis Field Mint MENTARB S5 FO 

Mentha sp Mint Species MENT-SP 

Mentha spicata Spearmint MENTSPI SNA FO 

Mentha suaveolens Apple Mint MENTSUA SNA FO 

Mentha X gracilis Ginger Hybrid Mint MENTGRA SNA FO 

Mentha X piperita Peppermint MENTPIP SNA FO 

Mentha X villosa Hairy Hybrid Mint MENTVIL SNA FO 

Menyanthes trifoliata Buck-bean MENYTRI S5 FO 

Mercurialis annua Annual Mercury MERCANN SNA FO 

Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells MERTVIR S3 FO 

Microthlaspi perfoliatum Claspleaf Pennycress MICRPER SNA FO 

Mikania scandens Climbing Hemp Vine MIKASCA SNR VI 

Milium effusum var. cisatlanticum American Millet Grass MILIEFF S4S5 GR 

Mimulus alatus Sharp-wing Monkey Flower MIMUALA S2 FO 

Mimulus moschatus var. moschatus Musk Flower MIMUMOS S2? FO 

Mimulus ringens var. ringens Allegheny Monkey Flower MIMURIN S5 FO 

Mimulus sp Monkey-flower Species MIMU-SP 

Minuartia dawsonensis Rock Stitchwort MINUDAW S5 FO 

Minuartia michauxii Michaux's Stitchwort MINUMIC S5 FO 

Minuartia stricta Bog Stitchwort MINUSTR S4 FO 

Mirabilis albida White Four o' clock MIRAHIR SNA FO 

Mirabilis nyctaginea Heart-leaf Four o' clock MIRANYC S4 FO 

Miscanthus sacchariflorus Amur Silver Grass MISCSAC SNA GR 

Miscanthus sinensis Chinese Silver Grass MISCSIN SNA GR 

Misopates orontium Linear-leaf Snapdragon MISOORO SNA FO 

Mitchella repens Partridgeberry MITCREP S5 SH 

Mitella diphylla Two-leaf Miterwort MITEDIP S5 FO 

Mitella nuda Bare-stem Miterwort MITENUD S5 FO 

Mitella sp Bishop's Cap Species MITE-SP 

Moehringia lateriflora Bluntleaf Grove-sandwort MOEHLAT S5 FO 

Molinia caerulea Purple Moorgrass MOLICAE SNA GR 

Mollugo verticillata Green Carpetweed MOLLVER SNA FO 

Moluccella laevis Shell Flower MOLULAE SNA FO 

Monarda didyma Oswego Tea MONADID S3 FO 

Monarda fistulosa var. fistulosa Wild Bergamot MONAFIS S5 FO 

Monarda media Purple Bergamot MONAMED S1 FO 

Monarda punctata var. villicaulis Spotted Beebalm MONAPUV S1 FO 

Monarda sp Monarda Species MONA-SP 

34



Moneses uniflora Single Delight MONEUNF S5 FO 

Monolepis nuttalliana Nuttall's Poverty Weed MONONUT SNA FO 

Monotropa hypopithys Many-flowered Indianpipe MONOHIP S4 FO 

Monotropa uniflora Indian Pipe MONOUNI S5 FO 

Morella pensylvanica Northern Bayberry MYRIPEN S1 SH 

Morus alba White Mulberry MORUALB SNA TR 

Morus rubra Red Mulberry MORURUB S2 TR 

Morus sp Mulberry Species MORU-SP 

Moss-sp Moss Species MOSS-SP 

Muhlenbergia asperifolia Alkali Muhly MUHLASP SNA GR 

Muhlenbergia frondosa Wirestem Muhly MUHLFRO S4 GR 

Muhlenbergia glomerata Bristly Muhly MUHLGLO S5 GR 

Muhlenbergia mexicana var. filiformis Slim-stemmed Mexican Muhly MUHLMEF S4 GR 

Muhlenbergia mexicana var. mexicana Mexican Muhly MUHLMEM S5 GR 

Muhlenbergia racemosa Green Muhly MUHLRAC S4 GR 

Muhlenbergia richardsonis Mat Muhly MUHLRIC S2S3 GR 

Muhlenbergia schreberi Nimblewill MUHLSCH S4 GR 

Muhlenbergia sobolifera Rock Muhly MUHLSOB S1 GR 

Muhlenbergia sp Satin Grass Species MUHL-SP 

Muhlenbergia sylvatica Forest Muhly MUHLSYS S2 GR 

Muhlenbergia tenuiflora Slender Muhly MUHLTET S2 GR 

Muhlenbergia uniflora Bog Muhly MUHLUNI S4 GR 

Muhlenbergia X curtisetosa Illinois Hybrid Nimblewill MUHLCUR SNA GR 

Muscari armeniacum Armenian Grape Hyacinth MUSCARM SNA FO 

Muscari botryoides Common Grape Hyacinth MUSCBOT SNA FO 

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce MYCEMUR SNA FO 

Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not MYOSARV SNA FO 

Myosotis discolor Changing Forget-me-not MYOSDIS SNA FO 

Myosotis laxa Bay Forget-me-not MYOSLAX S5 FO 

Myosotis macrosperma Large-seed Forget-me-not MYOSMAC S1 FO 

Myosotis scorpioides True Forget-me-not MYOSSCO SNA FO 

Myosotis sp Forget-me-not Species MYOS-SP 

Myosotis stricta Strict Forget-me-not MYOSSTR SNA FO 

Myosotis sylvatica Woodland Forget-me-not MYOSSYL SNA FO 

Myosotis verna Spring Forget-me-not MYOSVER S4? FO 

Myosoton aquaticum Giant Chickweed MYOSAQU SNA FO 

Myosurus minimus Tiny Mousetail MYOSMIN S2 FO 

Myrica gale Sweetgale MYRIGAL S5 SH 

Myriophyllum alterniflorum Alternate-flower Water Milfoil MYRIALT S4 FO 

Myriophyllum farwellii Farwell's Water Milfoil MYRIFAR S4 FO 

Myriophyllum heterophyllum Broadleaf Water Milfoil MYRIHET S4? FO 

Myriophyllum sibiricum Common Water Milfoil MYRISIB S5 FO 

Myriophyllum sp Water-milfoil Species MYRI-SP 

Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian Water Milfoil MYRISPI SNA FO 

Myriophyllum tenellum Slender Water Milfoil MYRITEN S4 FO 

Myriophyllum verticillatum Whorl-leaf Water Milfoil MYRIVER S5 FO 

Myrrhis odorata Anise MYRRODO SNA FO 

Najas flexilis Nodding Waternymph NAJAFLE S5 FO 

Najas gracillima Slender Waternymph NAJAGRA S2 FO 

Najas guadalupensis ssp. guadalupenis Southern Waternymph NAJAGUA S3? FO 

Najas guadalupensis ssp. olivacea Guadalupe Waternymph NAJAGUO S3? FO 

Najas marina Holly-leaf Waternymph NAJAMAR S1 FO 

Najas minor Brittle Waternymph NAJAMIN SNA FO 

Najas sp Naiad Species NAJA-SP 

Narcissus poeticus Poet's Narcissus NARCPOE SNA FO 

Narcissus pseudonarcissus Common Daffodil NARCPSE SNA FO 

35



Narcissus sp Daffodil Species NARC-SP 

Nasturtium microphyllum One-row Yellow Cress NASTMIC SNA FO 

Nasturtium officinale Watercress NASTOFF SNA FO 

Nasturtium sp Water-cress Species NAST-SP 

Nasturtium X sterile Hybrid Watercress NASTSTE SNA FO 

Nelumbo lutea American Lotus NELULUT S2 FO 

Nepeta cataria Catnip NEPECAT SNA FO 

Neslia paniculata Yellow Ball Mustard NESLPAN SNA FO 

Nicandra physalodes Apple-of-Peru NICAPHY SNA FO 

Nicotiana longiflora Longflower Tobacco NICOLON SNA FO 

Nicotiana rustica Aztec Tobacco NICORUS SNA FO 

Nicotiana tabacum Cultivated Tobacco NICOTAB SNA FO 

Nigella damascena Devil-in-the-bush NIGEDAM SNA FO 

Nuphar lutea ssp. advena Yellow Pond Lily NUPHADV S3 FO 

Nuphar lutea ssp. pumila Yellow Pond Lily NUPHMIC S3 FO 

Nuphar lutea ssp. rubrodisca Yellow Pond Lily NUPHRUB S3? FO 

Nuphar lutea ssp. viriegata Yellow Pond Lily NUPHVAR S5 FO 

Nuphar sp Pond-lily Species NUPH-SP 

Nuttallanthus canadensis Canada Toadflax LINACAN S1 FO 

Nymphaea odorata ssp. odorata American White Water Lily NYMPODD S5? FO 

Nymphaea odorata ssp. tuberosa American White Water Lily NYMPODT SU FO 

Nymphaea sp Water-lily Species NYMP-SP 

Nymphoides cordata Little Floating Heart NYMPCOR S4? FO 

Nymphoides peltata Yellow Floating Heart NYMPPEL SNA FO 

Nyssa sylvatica Blackgum NYSSSYL S3 TR 

Oclemena acuminata Whorled Wood Aster ASTEACU S4 FO 

Oclemena nemoralis Bog Aster ASTENEM S5 FO 

Oclemena X blakei Blake's Hybrid Aster OCLEBLA SHY1 FO 

Odontites vulgaris Red Bartsia ODONVES SNA FO 

Oenothera biennis Common Evening Primrose OENOBIE S5 FO 

Oenothera clelandii Cleland's Evening Primrose OENOCLE S1 FO 

Oenothera filiformis Longflower Beeblossom GAURLON SNA FO 

Oenothera gaura Biennial Beeblossom GAURBIE S3 FO 

Oenothera glazioviana Large-flower Evening Primrose OENOGLA SNA FO 

Oenothera laciniata Cutleaf Evening Primrose OENOLAC SNA FO 

Oenothera nuttallii Nuttall's Evening Primrose OENONUT SNA FO 

Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening Primrose OENOOAK S4? FO 

Oenothera parviflora Northern Evening Primrose OENOPAR S4? FO 

Oenothera perennis Little Evening Primrose OENOPER S4S5 FO 

Oenothera pilosella ssp. pilosella Meadow Evening Primrose OENOPIP S2 FO 

Oenothera sp Evening-primrose Species OENO-SP 

Oenothera suffrutescens Scarlet Bee-blossom GAURCOC SNA FO 

Oenothera villosa ssp. villosa Hairy Evening Primrose OENOVIV S2? FO 

Omalotheca sylvatica Woodland Arctic Cudweed OMALSYL S4 FO 

Omphalodes linifolia White-flower Navelwort OMPHLIN SNA FO 

Onobrychis viciifolia Common Sainfoin ONOBVIC SNA FO 

Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern ONOCSEN S5 FE 

Onopordum acanthium ssp. acanthium Scotch Thistle ONOPACA SNA FO 

Onosmodium molle ssp. hispidissimum Softhair Marbleseed ONOSMOH S2 FO 

Ophioglossum pusillum Northern Adders-tongue OPHIPUS S4S5 FE 

Opuntia fragilis Brittle Prickly Pear OPUNFRA S3 FO 

Opuntia humifusa var. humifusa Devil's Tongue OPUNHUM S1 FO 

Origanum vulgare Oregano ORIGVUL SNA FO 

Ornithogalum nutans Drooping Star-of-Bethlehem ORNINUT SNA FO 

Ornithogalum umbellatum Pyrenees Star-of-Bethlehem ORNIUMB SNA FO 

Orobanche fasciculata Clustered Broom-rape OROBFAS SH FO 

36



Orobanche uniflora One-flowered Broom-rape OROBUNI S4 FO 

Orthilia secunda Sidebells ORTHSEC S5 FO 

Orthocarpus luteus Golden-tongue Owl Clover ORTHLUT SNA FO 

Oryzopsis asperifolia Rough-leaf Rice Grass ORYZASP S5 GR 

Oryzopsis sp Rice Grass Species ORYZ-SP 

Osmorhiza berteroi Mountain Sweetroot OSMOBER S4 FO 

Osmorhiza claytonii Clayton's Sweetroot OSMOCLA S5 FO 

Osmorhiza depauperata Blunt-fruit Sweet-cicely OSMODEP S4 FO 

Osmorhiza longistylis Aniseroot OSMOLON S5 FO 

Osmorhiza sp Sweet-cicely Species OSMO-SP 

Osmunda cinnamomea var. cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern OSMUCIN S5 FE 

Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern OSMUCLA S5 FE 

Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis Royal Fern OSMURES S5 FE 

Osmunda sp Osmunda Species OSMU-SP 

Ostrya virginiana var. virginiana Ironwood OSTRVIR S5 TR 

Oxalis corniculata Creeping Wood Sorrel OXALCOR SNA FO 

Oxalis dillenii ssp. dillenii Dillen's Oxalis OXALDIL S5? FO 

Oxalis montana Mountain Wood Sorrel OXALACM S5 FO 

Oxalis sp Wood-sorrel Species OXAL-SP 

Oxalis stricta Common Yellow Oxalis OXALSTR S5 FO 

Oxypolis rigidior Stiff Cowbane OXYPRIG S2 FO 

Pachysandra terminalis Japanese Pachysandra PACHTER SNA FO 

Packera aurea Golden Ragwort SENEAUR S5 FO 

Packera obovata Roundleaf Ragwort SENEOBO S3 FO 

Packera paupercula Balsam Groundsel SENEPAU S5 FO 

Packera plattensis Prairie Groundsel SENEPLA S2S3 FO 

Paeonia lactiflora Chinese Peony PAEOLAC SNA FO 

Paeonia officinalis Common Peony PAEOOFF SNA FO 

Panax quinquefolius American Ginseng PANAQUI S3 FO 

Panax sp Ginseng Species PANA-SP 

Panax trifolius Dwarf Ginseng PANATRI S4 FO 

Panicum capillare Annual Panic Grass PANICAP S5 GR 

Panicum dichotomiflorum ssp. dichotomiflorum Fall Panic Grass PANIDIF SNA GR 

Panicum flexile Wiry Panic Grass PANIFLE S4 GR 

Panicum gattingeri Gattinger's Panic Grass PANIGAT S4 GR 

Panicum miliaceum ssp. miliaceum Black-seeded Panic Grass PANIMIL SNA GR 

Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass PANIPHI S4 GR 

Panicum sp Panic Grass Species PANI-SP 

Panicum virgatum Old-switch Panic Grass PANIVIR S4 GR 

Papaver dubium Blind Eyes PAPADUB SNA FO 

Papaver orientale Oreintal Poppy PAPAORI SNA FO 

Papaver rhoeas Corn Poppy PAPARHO SNA FO 

Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy PAPASOM SNA FO 

Parietaria pensylvanica Pennsylvania Pellitory PARIPEN S4 FO 

Parnassia glauca Fen Grass-of-Parnassus PARNGLA S5 FO 

Parnassia palustris var. palustris Marsh Grass-of-Parnassus PARNPAP S5 FO 

Parnassia palustris var. parviflora Small-flower Grass-of-Parnassus PARNPAR S4? FO 

Parnassia sp Grass-of-parnassus Species PARN-SP 

Paronychia canadensis Smooth Forked Nailwort PAROCAN SH FO 

Paronychia fastigiata var. fastigiata Hairy Forked Nailwort PAROFAF S1 FO 

Parthenocissus inserta Virginia Creeper PARTINS S5 VW 

Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper PARTQUI S4? VW 

Parthenocissus sp Virginia Creeper Species PART-SP 

Parthenocissus tricuspidata Boston Ivy PARTTRI SNA VW 

Pascopyrum smithii Pubescent Wheat Grass ELYMSMI S2 GR 

Paspalum setaceum Fringe-leaf Paspalum PASPSET S2 GR 

37



Pastinaca sativa Wild Parsnip PASTSAT SNA FO 

Pedicularis canadensis Canadian Lousewort PEDICAN S5 FO 

Pedicularis lanceolata Swamp Lousewort PEDILAN S4 FO 

Pedicularis sp Wood-betony Species PEDI-SP 

Pellaea atropurpurea Purple Cliffbrake PELLATR S3 FE 

Pellaea glabella ssp. glabella Smooth Cliffbrake PELLGLG S4 FE 

Peltandra virginica Green Arrow Arum PELTVIV S2 FO 

Penstemon calycosus Long-sepal Beardtongue PENSCAL SNA FO 

Penstemon digitalis Foxglove Beard-tongue PENSDIG S4S5 FO 

Penstemon hirsutus Hairy Beardtongue PENSHIR S4 FO 

Penstemon pallidus Pale Beardtongue PENSPAL SNA FO 

Penstemon sp Beard-tongue Species PENS-SP 

Penstemon tubiflorus White Wand Beardtongue PENSTUB SNA FO 

Penthorum sedoides Ditch Stonecrop PENTSED S5 FO 

Perilla frutescens var. frutescens Beefsteak Plant PERIFRF SNA FO 

Peritoma serrulata Rocky Mountain Beeplant CLEOSER SNA FO 

Persicaria amphibia var. emersa Longroot Water Smartweed POLYAMP S5 FO 

Persicaria amphibia var. stipulacea Water Smartweed POLYAMS SU FO 

Persicaria arifolia Halberd-leaf Tearthumb POLYARI S3 FO 

Persicaria careyi Carey's Smartweed POLYCAR S4 FO 

Persicaria hydropiper Marsh-pepper Smartweed POLYHDP SNA FO 

Persicaria hydropiperoides Swamp Smartweed POLYHYD S5 FO 

Persicaria lapathifolia Curlytop Smartweed POLYLAP S5 FO 

Persicaria longiseta Oriental Smartweed PERSLON SNA FO 

Persicaria maculosa Spotted Smartweed POLYPER SNA FO 

Persicaria minor Pygmy Smartweed PERSMIN SNA FO 

Persicaria orientalis Kiss-me-over-the-garden-gate POLYORI SNA FO 

Persicaria pensylvanica Pennsylvania Smartweed POLYPEN S5 FO 

Persicaria punctata Dotted Smartweed POLYPUN S5 FO 

Persicaria robustior Stout Smartweed POLYROB S2 FO 

Persicaria sagittata Arrow-leaf Tearthumb POLYSAG S4 FO 

Persicaria sp Smartweed Species PERS-SP 

Persicaria virginiana Jumpseed POLYVIR S4 FO 

Petasites frigidus var. palmatus Arctic Sweet Coltsfoot PETAFRI S5 FO 

Petasites frigidus var. sagittatus Arrow-leaf Sweet Coltsfoot PETAFRS S4? FO 

Petasites japonicus Japanese Sweet Coltsfoot PETAJAP SNA FO 

Petrorhagia saxifraga var. saxifraga Saxifrage Pink PETRSAX SNA FO 

Petroselinum crispum Parsley PETRCRI SNA FO 

Petunia X atkinsiana Garden Petunia PETUHYB SNA FO 

Peucedanum ostruthium Masterwort PEUCOST SNA FO 

Phacelia purshii Miami Mist PHACPUR S1 FO 

Phacelia tanacetifolia Lacy Phacelia PHACTAN SNA FO 

Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary Grass PHALARU S5 GR 

Phalaris canariensis Annual Canary Grass PHALCAN SNA GR 

Phalaris sp Canary Grass Species PHAL-SP 

Phaseolus coccineus Scarlet Runner PHASCOC SNA VI 

Phegopteris connectilis Long Beech Fern PHEGCON S5 FE 

Phegopteris hexagonoptera Broad Beech Fern PHEGHEX S3 FE 

Philadelphus coronarius Sweet Mock Orange PHILCOR SNA SH 

Philadelphus inodorus Scentless Mock Orange PHILINO SNA SH 

Philadelphus pubescens var. pubescens Hoary Mock Orange PHILPUB SNA SH 

Philadelphus sp Mock Orange Species PHIL-SP 

Phleum pratense ssp. pratense Common Timothy PHLEPRA SNA GR 

Phlox divaricata ssp. divaricata Wild Blue Phlox PHLODIV S4 FO 

Phlox drummondii ssp. drummondii Annual Phlox PHLODRD SNA FO 

Phlox maculata ssp. maculata Wild Sweet William PHLOMAC SNA FO 

38



Phlox paniculata Fall Phlox PHLOPAN SNA FO 

Phlox sp Phlox Species PHLO-SP 

Phlox subulata ssp. brittonii Britton's Phlox PHLOSUB S1? FO 

Phlox subulata ssp. subulata Moss Phlox PHLOSUS SNA FO 

Phragmites australis ssp. americanus American Common Reed PHRAAUA S4? GR 

Phragmites australis ssp. australis European Common Reed PHRAAUS SNA GR 

Phryma leptostachya American Lopseed PHRYLEP S4S5 FO 

Phyla lanceolata Lanceleaf Frog Fruit PHYLLAN S2 FO 

Physalis alkekengi Stawberry Groundcherry PHYSALK SNA FO 

Physalis heterophylla var. heterophylla Clammy Groundcherry PHYSHET S4 FO 

Physalis longifolia var. subglabrata Longleaf Groundcherry PHYSLOS S4? FO 

Physalis peruviana Peruvian Groundcherry PHYSPER SNA FO 

Physalis philadelphica var. immaculata Mexican Groundcherry PHYSPHI SNA FO 

Physalis pubescens var. pubescens Husk Tomato PHYSPUB SNA FO 

Physalis sp Ground-cherry Species PHYS-SP 

Physalis virginiana var. virginiana Virginia Groundcherry PHYSVIR SU FO 

Physocarpus opulifolius Atlantic Ninebark PHYSOPU S5 SH 

Physostegia virginiana ssp. virginiana Obedient Plant PHYSVIV S4 FO 

Phytolacca americana var. americana American Pokeweed PHYTAME S4 FO 

Picea abies Norway Spruce PICEABI SNA TR 

Picea glauca White Spruce PICEGLA S5 TR 

Picea mariana Black Spruce PICEMAR S5 TR 

Picea pungens Blue Spruce PICEPUN SNA TR 

Picea rubens Red Spruce PICERUB S3 TR 

Picea sp Spruce Species PICE-SP 

Picris hieracioides Hawkweed Oxtongue PICRHIH SNA FO 

Pilea fontana Lesser Clearweed PILEFON S4 FO 

Pilea pumila Canadian Clearweed PILEPUM S5 FO 

Pilea sp Clearweed Species PILE-SP 

Pimpinella saxifraga ssp. saxifraga Solid-stem Burnet Saxifrage PIMPSAX SNA FO 

Pinguicula vulgaris ssp. vulgaris Common Butterwort PINGVUL S5 FO 

Pinus banksiana Jack Pine PINUBAN S5 TR 

Pinus mugo Mugo Pine PINUMUG SNA TR 

Pinus nigra Austrian Pine PINUNIG SNA TR 

Pinus resinosa Red Pine PINURES S5 TR 

Pinus rigida Pitch Pine PINURIG S2? TR 

Pinus sp Pine Species PINU-SP 

Pinus strobus Eastern White Pine PINUSTR S5 TR 

Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine PINUSYL SNA TR 

Pinus virginiana Jersey Pine PINUVIR SNA TR 

Piperia unalascensis Alaska Rein Orchid PIPEUNA S4 FO 

Piptatherum canadense Canadian Rice Grass PIPTCAN S4 GR 

Piptatherum pungens Mountain Rice Grass ORYZPUN S5 GR 

Piptatherum racemosum Blackseed Mountain Rice Grass ORYZRAC S4 GR 

Pisum sativum Garden Pea PISUSAT SNA VI 

Pityopsis falcata Sickleleaf Silk Grass PITYFAL SNA FO 

Plagiobothrys hispidulus Meadow Popcorn Flower PLAGHIS SNA FO 

Plantago aristata Bottlebrush Indian Wheat PLANARI SNA FO 

Plantago cordata Heart-leaved Plantain PLANCOR S1 FO 

Plantago lanceolata Buckhorn Plantain PLANLAN SNA FO 

Plantago major Breadleaf Plantain PLANMAJ S5 FO 

Plantago media Hoary Plantain PLANMED SNA FO 

Plantago psyllium Sand Plantain PLANARE SNA FO 

Plantago rugelii var. rugelii Blackseed Plantain PLANRUG S5 FO 

Plantago sp Plantain Species PLAN-SP 

Plantago virginica Pale-seed Indian Wheat PLANVIR SNA FO 

39



Platanthera aquilonis Northern Green Orchid PLATHYP S5 FO 

Platanthera blephariglottis var. blephariglottis White Fringed Orchid PLATBLB S4 FO 

Platanthera clavellata Small Green Wood Orchid PLATCLA S4S5 FO 

Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata Tall White Bog Orchid PLATDIL S5 FO 

Platanthera flava var. herbiola Pale-green Orchid PLATFLH S3 FO 

Platanthera grandiflora Greater Purple Fringed Orchid PLATGRA S1 FO 

Platanthera hookeri Hooker's Orchid PLATHOO S3 FO 

Platanthera huronensis Lake Huron Green Orchid PLATHUR SU FO 

Platanthera lacera Green Fringed Orchid PLATLAC S4S5 FO 

Platanthera leucophaea Prairie White Fringed Orchid PLATLEU S2 FO 

Platanthera macrophylla Greater Roundleaved Orchid PLATMAC S2 FO 

Platanthera obtusata Blunt-leaved Orchid PLATOBT S5 FO 

Platanthera orbiculata Lesser Roundleaved Orchid PLATORB S4S5 FO 

Platanthera psycodes Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid PLATPSY S5 FO 

Platanthera sp Orchid Species PLAT-SP 

Platanthera X andrewsii Andrew's Hybrid Bog Orchid PLATAND SHY1? FO 

Platanthera X hollandiae Holland's Hybrid Orchid PLATHOL S1 FO 

Platanthera X reznicekii Reznicek's Hybrid Orchid PLATREZ S1 FO 

Platanus hybrida London Plane Tree PLATACE SNA TR 

Platanus occidentalis American Sycamore PLATOCC S4 TR 

Platanus sp Sycamore Species PLTA-SP 

Pluchea odorata var. succulenta Sweetscent PLUCODS SNA FO 

Poa alpina ssp. alpina Alpine Bluegrass POA-ALP S4 GR 

Poa alsodes Grove Bluegrass POA-ALS S4 GR 

Poa annua Annual Bluegrass POA-ANN SNA GR 

Poa arida Plains Bluegrass POA-ARI SNA GR 

Poa bulbosa Bulbous Bluegrass POA-BUL SNA GR 

Poa compressa Canada Bluegrass POA-COM SNA GR 

Poa interior Inland Bluegrass POA-INT S4? GR 

Poa nemoralis Forest Bluegrass POA-NEM SNA GR 

Poa palustris Fowl Bluegrass POA-PAL S5 GR 

Poa pratensis ssp. irrigata Spreading Bluegrass POA-PRI SU GR 

Poa pratensis ssp. pratensis Kentucky Bluegrass POA-PRP S5 GR 

Poa saltuensis ssp. languida Old Pasture Bluegrass POA-LAN S3 GR 

Poa saltuensis ssp. saltuensis Old Pasture Bluegrass POA-SAL S4 GR 

Poa secunda ssp. secunda Big Bluegrass POA-SEC S1 GR 

Poa sp Blue Grass Species POA--SP 

Poa sylvestris Woodland Bluegrass POA-SYL S1 GR 

Poa trivialis Rough Bluegrass POA-TRI SNA GR 

Podophyllum peltatum May Apple PODOPEL S5 FO 

Podostemum ceratophyllum Hornleaf River Weed PODOCER S2 FO 

Pogonia ophioglossoides Rose Pogonia POGOOPH S4S5 FO 

Polanisia dodecandra ssp. dodecandra Red-whisker Clammyweed POLADOD S4 FO 

Polanisia dodecandra ssp. trachysperma Clammyweed POLADOT SNA FO 

Polemonium reptans var. reptans Greek Valerian POLERER SNA FO 

Polycnemum majus Giant Needle-leaf POLYMAJ SNA FO 

Polygala incarnata Procession Flower POLYINC S1 FO 

Polygala paucifolia Gaywings POLYPAU S5 FO 

Polygala polygama Racemed Milkwort POLYPOL S4 FO 

Polygala sanguinea Purple Milkwort POLYSAN S3 FO 

Polygala senega Seneca Snakeroot POLYSEN S4 FO 

Polygala sp Milkwort Species POGA-SP 

Polygala verticillata var. verticillata Whorled Milkwort POLYVER S4 FO 

Polygonatum biflorum Smooth Solomon's Seal POLYBIF S4 FO 

Polygonatum multiflorum Eurasian Solomon's Seal POLYMUL SNA FO 

Polygonatum pubescens Hairy Solomon's Seal POLYPUB S5 FO 

40



Polygonatum sp Solomon's Seal Species POGT-SP 

Polygonella articulata Coastal Joint Weed POLYART S4 FO 

Polygonum achoreum Leathery Knotweed POLYACH S5 FO 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. aviculare Common Knotweed POLYAVI SNA FO 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. buxiforme American Knotweed POLYBUX S4? FO 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. depressum Oval-leaf Knotweed POLYARE SNA FO 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. neglectum Yard Knotweed POLYNEG SNA FO 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. rurivagum Narrowleaf Knotweed POLYAVR SNA FO 

Polygonum douglasii Douglas' Knotweed POLYDOU S4 FO 

Polygonum erectum Devil's Shoe-string POLYERE SH FO 

Polygonum franktonii Nova Scotia Knotweed POLYFRA S1? FO 

Polygonum ramosissimum ssp. prolificum Bushy Knotweed POLYRAP SU FO 

Polygonum ramosissimum ssp. ramosissimum Bushy Knotweed POLYRAM S4 FO 

Polygonum sp Knotweed Species POLY-SP 

Polygonum tenue Pleat-leaf Knotweed POLYTET S2 FO 

Polymnia canadensis Rayless Leafcup POLYCAN S4 FO 

Polypodium appalachianum Appalachian Polypody POLYAPP S1 FE 

Polypodium virginianum Rock Polypody POLYVIG S5 FE 

Polypogon monspeliensis Annual Rabbit's-foot Grass POLYMON SNA GR 

Polystichum acrostichoides var. acrostichoides Christmas Fern POLYACR S5 FE 

Polystichum braunii Braun's Holly Fern POLYBRA S3 FE 

Polystichum lonchitis Northern Holly Fern POLYLON S4 FE 

Polystichum sp Holly Fern Species POLS-SP 

Polystichum X hagenahii Hagenah's Hybrid Holly Fern POLYHAG SH FE 

Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed PONTCOR S5 FO 

Populus alba White Poplar POPUALB SNA TR 

Populus balsamifera Balsam Poplar POPUBAB S5 TR 

Populus deltoides ssp. deltoides Eastern Cottonwood POPUDED SU TR 

Populus grandidentata Bigtooth Aspen POPUGRA S5 TR 

Populus heterophylla Swamp Cottonwood POPUHET S1 TR 

Populus nigra Black Cottonwood POPUNIG SNA TR 

Populus sp Poplar Species POPU-SP 

Populus tremuloides Quaking Aspen POPUTRE S5 TR 

Populus X berolinensis Beroline's Hybrid Poplar POPUBER SNA TR 

Populus X canadensis Canadian Hybrid Poplar POPUCAN SNA TR 

Populus X canescens Gray Hybrid Poplar POPUCAC SNA TR 

Populus X heimburgeri Heimburger's Hybrid Poplar POPUHEI SNA TR 

Populus X jackii Balm-of-Gilead POPUJAC SHY2 TR 

Populus X rouleauiana Hybrid Poplar POPUROU SNA TR 

Populus X smithii Smith's Hybrid Poplar POPUSMI SHY1? TR 

Portulaca grandiflora Rose Moss PORTGRA SNA FO 

Portulaca oleracea Little Hogweed PORTOLE SNA FO 

Potamogeton alpinus Alpine Pondweed POTAALP S5 FO 

Potamogeton amplifolius Largeleaf Pondweed POTAAMP S5 FO 

Potamogeton bicupulatus Snail-seed Pondweed POTABIC S3 FO 

Potamogeton confervoides Tuckerman's Pondweed POTACON S2 FO 

Potamogeton crispus Curly Pondweed POTACRI SNA FO 

Potamogeton epihydrus Ribbon-leaf Pondweed POTAEPI S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton foliosus ssp. foliosus Leafy Pondweed POTAFOL S5 FO 

Potamogeton friesii Flatstalk Pondweed POTAFRI S4 FO 

Potamogeton gramineus Grassy Pondweed POTAGRA S5 FO 

Potamogeton hillii Hill's Pondweed POTAHIL S2 FO 

Potamogeton illinoensis Illinois Pondweed POTAILL S4 FO 

Potamogeton natans Broadleaf Pondweed POTANAT S5 FO 

Potamogeton nodosus Longleaf Pondweed POTANOD S5 FO 

Potamogeton oakesianus Oakes' Pondweed POTAOAK S4 FO 

41



Potamogeton obtusifolius Bluntleaf Pondweed POTAOBT S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton ogdenii Ogden's Pondweed POTAOGD SH FO 

Potamogeton perfoliatus Clasping-leaf Pondweed POTAPER S4 FO 

Potamogeton praelongus White-stem Pondweed POTAPRA S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton pusillus ssp. pusillus Small Pondweed POTAPUS SU FO 

Potamogeton pusillus ssp. tenuissimus Berchtold's Pondweed POTABER S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton richardsonii Red-head Pondweed POTARIC S5 FO 

Potamogeton robbinsii Robbin's Pondweed POTAROB S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton sp Pondweed Species POTA-SP 

Potamogeton spirillus Spiral Pondweed POTASPI S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton strictifolius Narrowleaf Pondweed POTASTR S4 FO 

Potamogeton vaseyi Vasey's Pondweed POTAVAS S4 FO 

Potamogeton X hagstroemii Hagstroem's Hybrid Pondweed POTAHAG SHY1? FO 

Potamogeton X haynesii Haynes' Hybrid Pondweed POTAHAY SHY1? FO 

Potamogeton X nitens Hybrid Pondweed POTASUB SHY1? FO 

Potamogeton X scoliophyllus Bent-leaf Hybrid Pondweed POTASCO SHY1? FO 

Potamogeton X spathuliformis Paddle-leaf Hybrid Pondweed POTASPA SHY1? FO 

Potamogeton zosteriformis Flatstem Pondweed POTAZOS S5 FO 

Potentilla anserina ssp. anserina Silverweed Cinquefoil POTEANA S5 FO 

Potentilla argentea Silver Cinquefoil POTEAGT SNA FO 

Potentilla canadensis Dwarf Cinquefoil POTECAN S2? FO 

Potentilla hippiana Woolly Cinquefoil POTEHIP S1 FO 

Potentilla inclinata Ashy Cinquefoil POTEINC SNA FO 

Potentilla norvegica Norwegian Cinquefoil POTENOM S5 FO 

Potentilla recta Erect Cinquefoil POTEREC SNA FO 

Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil POTEREP SNA FO 

Potentilla simplex Old Field Cinquefoil POTESIM S5 FO 

Potentilla sp Cinquefoil Species POTE-SP 

Potentilla supina ssp. paradoxa Bushy Cinquefoil POTEPAR S4 FO 

Poteridium annuum Prairie Burnet POTEANN SNA FO 

Prenanthes alba White Rattlesnake-root PRENALB S5 FO 

Prenanthes altissima Tall Rattlesnake-root PRENALT S5 FO 

Prenanthes racemosa Purple Rattlesnake-root PRENRAR S5 FO 

Prenanthes sp White Lettuce Species PREN-SP 

Primula laurentiana Birdeye Primrose PRIMLAU S4 FO 

Primula mistassinica Mistassini Primrose PRIMMIS S4 FO 

Primula veris Cowslip Primrose PRIMVER SNA FO 

Proboscidea louisianica ssp. louisianica Ram's Horn PROBLOL SNA FO 

Prosartes lanuginosa Yellow Fairybells DISPLAN S4 FO 

Proserpinaca palustris var. palustris Marsh Mermaid Weed PROSPAL S4 FO 

Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata Lance Selfheal PRUNVUL S5 FO 

Prunella vulgaris ssp. vulgaris Common Selfheal PRUNVUV SNA FO 

Prunus americana American Plum PRUNAME S4 SH 

Prunus avium Sweet Cherry PRUNAVI SNA TR 

Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum PRUNCER SNA SH 

Prunus cerasus Sour Cherry PRUNCEU SNA TR 

Prunus domestica European Plum PRUNDOD SNA SH 

Prunus glandulosa Flowering Almond PRUNGLA SNA SH 

Prunus mahaleb Mahaleb Cherry PRUNMAH SNA SH 

Prunus nigra Black Plum PRUNNIG S4 SH 

Prunus padus European Bird Cherry PRUNPAD SNA TR 

Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry PRUNPEN S5 SH 

Prunus persica Peach PRUNPER SNA SH 

Prunus pumila var. besseyi Bessey's Sand Cherry PRUNPUB S1 SH 

Prunus pumila var. depressa Eastern Sand Cherry PRUNPUD S4? SH 

Prunus pumila var. pumila Great Lakes Sand Cherry PRUNPUP S3 SH 

42



Prunus pumila var. susquehanae Sesquehana Sand Cherry PRUNPUS S4? SH 

Prunus serotina var. serotina Black Cherry PRUNSER S5 TR 

Prunus sp Cherry Species PRUN-SP 

Prunus spinosa Blackthorn PRUNSPI SNA SH 

Prunus tomentosa Nanking Cherry PRUNTOM SNA SH 

Prunus virginiana var. virginiana Choke Cherry PRUNVIV S5 SH 

Pseudognaphalium macounii Macoun's Cudweed GNAPMAC S5 FO 

Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium Rabbit Tobacco GNAPOBT S5 FO 

Ptelea trifoliata ssp. trifoliata Common Hoptree PTELTRI S3 SH 

Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum Northern Bracken Fern PTERAQL S5 FE 

Pterospora andromedea Giant Pinedrops PTERAND S2 FO 

Puccinellia distans ssp. distans Weeping Alkali Grass PUCCDIS SNA GR 

Puccinellia fasciculata Saltmarsh Alkali Grass PUCCFAS SNA GR 

Puccinellia nuttalliana Nuttall's Alkali Grass PUCCNUT SNA GR 

Pueraria montana var. lobata Kudzu PUERMOL SNA VI 

Pulmonaria officinalis Bethlehem Lungwort PULMOFF SNA FO 

Pycnanthemum incanum var. incanum Hoary Mountain Mint PYCNINI S1 FO 

Pycnanthemum pilosum Whorled Mountain Mint PYCNVEP S1 FO 

Pycnanthemum sp Mountain Mint Species PYCN-SP 

Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Narrowleaf Mountain Mint PYCNTEN S3 FO 

Pycnanthemum verticillatum Whorled Mountain Mint PYCNVEV S1? FO 

Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia Mountain Mint PYCNVIR S4 FO 

Pyrola americana American Wintergreen PYROAME S4? FO 

Pyrola asarifolia ssp. asarifolia Pink Wintergreen PYROASA S5 FO 

Pyrola chlorantha Green-flowered Wintergreen PYROCHL S4S5 FO 

Pyrola elliptica Shinleaf PYROELL S5 FO 

Pyrola sp Pyrola Species PYRO-SP 

Pyrus communis Common Pear PYRUCOM SNA SH 

Quercus alba White Oak QUERALB S5 TR 

Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak QUERBIC S4 TR 

Quercus ellipsoidalis Northern Pin Oak QUERELL S3 TR 

Quercus ilicifolia Bear Oak QUERILI S1 SH 

Quercus macrocarpa var. macrocarpa Bur Oak QUERMAC S5 TR 

Quercus muehlenbergii Chinquapin Oak QUERMUE S4 TR 

Quercus palustris Pin Oak QUERPAL S4 TR 

Quercus prinoides Dwarf Chinquapin Oak QUERPRI S2 SH 

Quercus robur English Oak QUERROB SNA TR 

Quercus rubra var. rubra Northern Red Oak QUERRUB S5 TR 

Quercus shumardii var. shumardii Shumard's Oak QUERSHU S3 TR 

Quercus sp Oak Species QUER-SP 

Quercus velutina Black Oak QUERVEL S4 TR 

Quercus X bebbiana Bebb's Hybrid Oak QUERBEB SHY1 TR 

Quercus X deamii Deam's Hybrid Oak QUERDEA SHY1 TR 

Quercus X hawkinsiae Hawkins' Hybrid Oak QUERHAW SHY1 TR 

Quercus X jackiana Jack's Hybrid Oak QUERJAC SHY1 TR 

Quercus X palaeolithicola Palaeozoic Hybrid Oak QUERPAO SHY1 TR 

Quercus X schuettei Schuette's Hybrid Oak QUERSCH SHY1 TR 

Ranunculus abortivus Early Woodland Buttercup RANUABO S5 FO 

Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup RANUACR SNA FO 

Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus White Water Crowfoot RANUAQD S4S5 FO 

Ranunculus bulbosus Blister Flower RANUBUL SNA FO 

Ranunculus cymbalaria Alkali Buttercup RANUCYM S4 FO 

Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup RANUFAS S4 FO 

Ranunculus ficaria Fig Buttercup RANUFIC SNA FO 

Ranunculus flabellaris Greater Yellow Water Buttercup RANUFLA S4? FO 

Ranunculus flammula var. reptans Greater Creeping Spearwort RANUFLR SU FO 

43



Ranunculus gmelinii Lesser Yellow Water Buttercup RANUGME S5 FO 

Ranunculus hispidus var. caricetorum Swamp Buttercup RANUHIC S5 FO 

Ranunculus hispidus var. hispidus Bristly Buttercup RANUHIH S3 FO 

Ranunculus hispidus var. nitidus Bristly Buttercup RANUHIN SNR FO 

Ranunculus macounii Macoun's Buttercup RANUMAC S4 FO 

Ranunculus pensylvanicus Bristly Buttercup RANUPEN S5 FO 

Ranunculus recurvatus var. recurvatus Blisterwort RANUREC S5 FO 

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup RANUREP SNA FO 

Ranunculus rhomboideus Prairie Buttercup RANURHO S4 FO 

Ranunculus sardous Hairy Buttercup RANUSAR SNA FO 

Ranunculus sceleratus var. sceleratus Cursed Buttercup RANUSCS SU FO 

Ranunculus sp Buttercup Species RANU-SP 

Raphanus raphanistrum Wild Radish RAPHRAP SNA FO 

Raphanus sativus Cultivated Radish RAPHSAT SNA FO 

Rapistrum rugosum Annual Bastard Cabbage RAPIRUG SNA FO 

Ratibida columnifera Prairie Coneflower RATICOL SNA FO 

Ratibida pinnata Grayhead Prairie Coneflower RATIPIN S3 FO 

Reseda alba White Upright Mignonette RESEALB SNA FO 

Reseda lutea Wild Mignonette RESELUT SNA FO 

Rhamnus alnifolia Alderleaf Buckthorn RHAMALN S5 SH 

Rhamnus cathartica Common Buckthorn RHAMCAT SNA SH 

Rhamnus sp Buckthorn Species RHAM-SP 

Rhaponticum repens Hardheads RHAPREP SNA FO 

Rheum rhabarbarum Garden Rhubarb RHEURHA SNA FO 

Rhexia virginica Handsome Harry RHEXVIR S4 FO 

Rhinanthus minor ssp. minor Little Yellow Rattle RHINMIM SNA FO 

Rhododendron canadense Rhodora RHODCAN S1 SH 

Rhus aromatica var. aromatica Fragrant Sumac RHUSARO S5 SH 

Rhus copallinum var. latifolia Winged Sumac RHUSCOL S4 SH 

Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac RHUSGLA S5 SH 

Rhus hirta Staghorn Sumac RHUSTYP S5 SH 

Rhus sp Sumac Species RHUS-SP 

Rhus X pulvinata Pulvinate Hybrid Sumac RHUSPUL SHY2? SH 

Rhynchorpora capitellata Brownish Beaksedge RHYNCPT S4 SE 

Rhynchospora alba White Beaksedge RHYNALB S5 SE 

Rhynchospora capillacea Horned Beaksedge RHYNCAP S4? SE 

Rhynchospora fusca Brown-beak Sedge RHYNFUS S4? SE 

Rhynchospora sp Beak Rush Species RHYN-SP 

Ribes americanum American Black Currant RIBEAME S5 SH 

Ribes aureum var. aureum Golden Currant RIBEAUA SNA SH 

Ribes aureum var. villosum Clove Currant RIBEODO SNA SH 

Ribes cynosbati Eastern Prickly Gooseberry RIBECYN S5 SH 

Ribes glandulosum Skunk Currant RIBEGLA S5 SH 

Ribes hirtellum Hairy-stem Gooseberry RIBEHIR S5 SH 

Ribes hudsonianum var. hudsonianum Hudson Bay Currant RIBEHUD S5 SH 

Ribes lacustre Prickly Currant RIBELAC S5 SH 

Ribes missouriense Missouri Gooseberry RIBEMIS SNA SH 

Ribes nigrum European Black Currant RIBENIG SNA SH 

Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. oxyacanthoides Canadian Gooseberry RIBEOXO S5 SH 

Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. setosum Inland Gooseberry RIBEOXS SNR SH 

Ribes rubrum Cultivated Currant RIBERUB SNA SH 

Ribes sp Currant Species RIBE-SP 

Ribes triste Red Currant RIBETRI S5 SH 

Ribes uva-crispa European Gooseberry RIBEUVA SNA SH 

Robinia hispida Bristly Locust ROBIHIS SNA TR 

Robinia pseudoacacia Black Locust ROBIPSE SNA TR 

44



Robinia viscosa Clammy Locust ROBIVIS SNA TR 

Rorippa aquatica Lakecress ARMOLAC S3? FO 

Rorippa curvipes Bluntleaf Yellow Cress RORICUR SNA FO 

Rorippa palustris ssp. hispida Hispid Yellow Cress RORIPAH S5 FO 

Rorippa palustris ssp. palustris Marsh Yellow Cress RORIPAF SU FO 

Rorippa sinuata Spreading Yellow Cress RORISIN SNA FO 

Rorippa sp Yellow Cress Species RORI-SP 

Rorippa sylvestris Creeping Yellow Cress RORISYL SNA FO 

Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi Prickly Rose ROSAACS S5 SH 

Rosa arkansana Prairie Rose ROSAARK SNA SH 

Rosa blanda Smooth Rose ROSABLA S5 SH 

Rosa canina Dog Rose ROSACAN SNA SH 

Rosa carolina ssp. carolina Carolina Rose ROSACAR S4 SH 

Rosa cinnamomea Cinnamon Rose ROSAMAJ SNA SH 

Rosa multiflora Multiflora Rose ROSAMUL SNA SH 

Rosa nitida Shining Rose ROSANIT SU SH 

Rosa palustris Swamp Rose ROSAPAL S5 SH 

Rosa rubiginosa var. nemoralis Small-flower Rose ROSAMIC SNA SH 

Rosa rubiginosa var. rubiginosa Sweetbriar Rose ROSARUB SNA SH 

Rosa rugosa Japanese Rose ROSARUG SNA SH 

Rosa setigera Climbing Rose ROSASET S3 SH 

Rosa sp Rose Species ROSA-SP 

Rosa spinosissima Burnet Rose ROSASPI SNA SH 

Rosa virginiana Virginia Rose ROSAVIR SU SH 

Rosa X centifolia Cabbage Hybrid Rose ROSACEN SNR SH 

Rosa xanthina Yellow Rose ROSAXAN SNR SH 

Rotala ramosior Lowland Rotala ROTARAM S1 FO 

Rubus allegheniensis Common Blackberry RUBUALL S5 SH 

Rubus bifrons Himalayan Blackberry RUBUBIF SNA SH 

Rubus caesius European Dewberry RUBUCAE SNA SH 

Rubus canadensis Smooth Blackberry RUBUCAN S4? SH 

Rubus flagellaris Northern Dewberry RUBUFLA S4 SH 

Rubus hispidus Bristly Dewberry RUBUHIS S4S5 SH 

Rubus idaeus European Red Raspberry RUBUIDI SNA SH 

Rubus illecebrosus Strawberry Raspberry RUBUILL SNA SH 

Rubus occidentalis Black Raspberry RUBUOCC S5 SH 

Rubus odoratus Purple Flowering Raspberry RUBUODO S5 SH 

Rubus parviflorus Thimbleberry RUBUPAR S4 SH 

Rubus pensilvanicus Pennsylvania Blackberry RUBUPEN SU SH 

Rubus pubescens Dwarf Red Blackberry RUBUPUB S5 SH 

Rubus sachalinensis var. sachalinensis Wild Red Raspberry RUBUIDM S5 SH 

Rubus setosus Setose Blackberry RUBUSET S4? SH 

Rubus sp Bramble Species RUBU-SP 

Rubus X paracaulis Hybrid Raspberry RUBUPAC SHY4? SH 

Rudbeckia fulgida var. speciosa Orange Coneflower RUDBFUL S1 FO 

Rudbeckia grandiflora var. grandiflora Rough Coneflower RUDBGRG SNA FO 

Rudbeckia hirta var. hirta Broadleaf Black-eyed Susan RUDBHIH SU FO 

Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima Lanceleaf Black-eyed Susan RUDBHIR S5 FO 

Rudbeckia laciniata var. laciniata Cutleaf Coneflower RUDBLAC S5 FO 

Rudbeckia triloba var. triloba Browneyed Susan RUDBTRI SNA FO 

Rumex acetosa Garden Sorrel RUMEACT SNA FO 

Rumex acetosella Common Sheep Sorrel RUMEACA SNA FO 

Rumex altissimus Pale Dock RUMEALT S2? FO 

Rumex britannica Greater Water Dock RUMEORB S4S5 FO 

Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock RUMECON SNA FO 

Rumex crispus Curly Dock RUMECRI SNA FO 

45



Rumex dentatus Toothed Dock RUMEDEN SNA FO 

Rumex fueginus American Golden Dock RUMEMAR S4 FO 

Rumex longifolius Dooryard Dock RUMELON SNA FO 

Rumex obtusifolius Bitter Dock RUMEOBO SNA FO 

Rumex occidentalis Western Dock RUMEOCC S5 FO 

Rumex pallidus Seaside Dock RUMEPAL SNA FO 

Rumex patientia Patience Dock RUMEPAT SNA FO 

Rumex pseudonatronatus Field Dock RUMEPSE SNA FO 

Rumex sanguineus Red-vein Dock RUMESAN SNA FO 

Rumex sp Dock Species RUME-SP 

Rumex thyrsiflorus Narrow-leaved Dock RUMETHY SNA FO 

Rumex triangulivalvis Triangular-valved Dock RUMETRI S4 FO 

Rumex verticillatus Swamp Dock RUMEVER S4 FO 

Rumex X pratensis Meadow Hybrid Dock RUMEPRA SNA FO 

Ruta graveolens Common Rue RUTAGRA SNA SH 

Sagina decumbens ssp. decumbens Trailing Pearlwort SAGIDED SNR FO 

Sagina japonica Japanese Pearlwort SAGIJAP SNA FO 

Sagina maxima ssp. maxima Stickystem Pearlwort SAGIMAM SNR FO 

Sagina procumbens Birdeye Pearlwort SAGIPRO SNA FO 

Sagittaria cristata Crested Arrowhead SAGIGRC S3 FO 

Sagittaria cuneata Arum-leaf Arrowhead SAGICUN S4? FO 

Sagittaria graminea ssp. graminea Grassy Arrowhead SAGIGRG S4S5 FO 

Sagittaria latifolia Broadleaf Arrowhead SAGILAT S5 FO 

Sagittaria rigida Sessile-fruited Arrowhead SAGIRIG S4? FO 

Sagittaria sp Arrowhead Species SAGI-SP 

Salix alba White Willow SALIALB SNA TR 

Salix amygdaloides Peach-leaf Willow SALIAMY S5 TR 

Salix atrocinerea Large Gray Willow SALIATR SNA SH 

Salix bebbiana Bebb's Willow SALIBEB S5 SH 

Salix candida Sage Willow SALICAN S5 SH 

Salix caprea Goat Willow SALICAP SNA SH 

Salix cinerea Large Gray Willow SALICIC SNA SH 

Salix cordata Heart-leaf Willow SALICOR S4S5 SH 

Salix discolor Pussy Willow SALIDIS S5 SH 

Salix elaeagnos Elaeagnus Willow SALIELA SNA SH 

Salix eriocephala Missouri River Willow SALIERI S5 SH 

Salix fragilis Crack Willow SALIFRA SNA TR 

Salix humilis var. humilis Prairie Willow SALIHUM S5 SH 

Salix interior Sandbar Willow SALIEXI S5 SH 

Salix lucida Shining Willow SALILUC S5 SH 

Salix myricoides Bayberry Willow SALIMYR S3 SH 

Salix nigra Black Willow SALINIG S4? TR 

Salix pedicellaris Bog Willow SALIPED S5 SH 

Salix pentandra Bayleaf Willow SALIPEN SNA SH 

Salix petiolaris Slender Willow SALIPET S5 SH 

Salix purpurea Purple-osier Willow SALIPUR SNA SH 

Salix pyrifolia Balsam Willow SALIPYR S5 SH 

Salix serissima Autumn Willow SALISER S4 SH 

Salix sp Willow Species SALI-SP 

Salix viminalis Basket Willow SALIVIM SNA SH 

Salix X jesupii Jesup's Hybrid Willow SALIJES SNA SH 

Salix X pendulina Wisconsin Weeping Willow SALIPEU SNA TR 

Salix X rubens Hybrid White Willow SALIRUB SNA TR 

Salix X sepulcralis Golden Weeping Willow SALISEP SNA TR 

Salsola collina Slender Russian Thistle SALSCOL SNA FO 

Salsola kali ssp. kali Russian Thistle SALSKAK SNA FO 

46



Salsola tragus Prickly Russian Thistle SALSTRA SNA FO 

Salvia nemorosa Woodland Sage SALVNEM SNA FO 

Salvia officinalis Kitchen Sage SALVOFF SNA FO 

Salvia pratensis Introduced Sage SALVPRA SNA FO 

Salvia reflexa Blue Sage SALVREF SNA FO 

Salvia sclarea European Sage SALVSCL SNA FO 

Salvia sp Sage Species SALV-SP 

Salvia verticillata Lilac Sage SALVVER SNA FO 

Sambucus canadensis American Elder SAMBCAN S5 SH 

Sambucus nigra Black Elderberry SAMBNIN SNA SH 

Sambucus racemosa var. pubens Red Elderberry SAMBRAP S5 SH 

Sambucus sp Elderberry Species SAMB-SP 

Samolus valerandi Seaside Brookweed SAMOVAP S4 FO 

Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot SANGCAN S5 FO 

Sanguisorba minor ssp. muricata Small Burnet SANGMIN SNA FO 

Sanicula canadensis var. canadensis Canadian Black Snakeroot SANICAC S4 FO 

Sanicula canadensis var. grandis Canadian Black Snakeroot SANICAG S2 FO 

Sanicula marilandica Maryland Black Snakeroot SANIMAR S5 FO 

Sanicula odorata Clustered Black Snakeroot SANIODO S5 FO 

Sanicula sp Snakeroot Species SANI-SP 

Sanicula trifoliata Largefruit Black Snakeroot SANITRI S4 FO 

Saponaria ocymoides Rock Soapwort SAPOOCY SNA FO 

Saponaria officinalis Bounching Bet SAPOOFF SNA FO 

Sarracenia purpurea ssp. purpurea Purple Pitcher Plant SARRPUR S5 FO 

Sassafras albidum Sassafras SASSALB S4 TR 

Satureja hortensis Summer Savory SATUHOR SNA FO 

Saururus cernuus Lizard's Tail SAURCER S3 FO 

Saxifraga virginiensis var. virginiensis Early Saxifrage SAXIVIR S5 FO 

Scandix pecten-veneris Shepherd's Needle SCANPEC SNA FO 

Schedonorus arundinaceus Tall Fescue FESTARU SNA GR 

Schedonorus giganteus Great Fescue SCHEGIG SNA GR 

Schedonorus pratensis Meadow Fescue FESTPRA SNA GR 

Schedonorus sp Fescue Species SCHE-SP 

Scheuchzeria palustris ssp. americana Rannoch Rush SCHEPAL S4S5 FO 

Schizachne purpurascens False Melic Grass SCHIPUP S5 GR 

Schizachyrium littorale Shore Little Bluestem SCHILIT S2? GR 

Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium Little Bluestem SCHISCO S4 GR 

Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus Hardstem Bulrush SCIRACU S5 SE 

Schoenoplectus heterochaetus Pale Great Bulrush SCIRHET S3 SE 

Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens Common Three-square SCIRPUN S5 SE 

Schoenoplectus purshianus var. purshianus Weak-stalk Bulrush SCIRPUR S1? SE 

Schoenoplectus smithii var. smithii Smooth Smith's Bulrush SCIRSMI S3 SE 

Schoenoplectus sp Bulrush Species SCHO-SP 

Schoenoplectus subterminalis Swaying Bulrush SCIRSUB S4 SE 

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Softstem Bulrush SCIRVAL S5 SE 

Schoenoplectus torreyi Torrey's Bulrush SCIRTOR S4 SE 

Schoenoplectus X oblongus Hybrid Bulrush SCHOOBL SHY1 SE 

Scilla siberica Siberian Squill SCILSIB SNA FO 

Scirpus atrocinctus Black-girdle Bulrush SCIRATC S5 SE 

Scirpus atrovirens Dark-green Bulrush SCIRATR S5 SE 

Scirpus cyperinus Cottongrass Bulrush SCIRCYP S5 SE 

Scirpus expansus Woodland Bulrush SCIREXP S1 SE 

Scirpus georgianus Georgia Bulrush SCIRGEO S1? SE 

Scirpus hattorianus Mosquito Bulrush SCIRHAT S4 SE 

Scirpus microcarpus Panicled Bulrush SCIRMIC S5 SE 

Scirpus pallidus Cloaked Bulrush SCIRPAL SNR SE 

47



Scirpus pedicellatus Stalked Bulrush SCIRPED S4? SE 

Scirpus pendulus Hanging Bulrush SCIRPEN S5 SE 

Scirpus sp Bulrush Species SCIR-SP 

Scleranthus annuus ssp. annuus Knawel SCLEANN SNA FO 

Scleria pauciflora var. pauciflora Few-flower Nutrush SCLEPAU S1 SE 

Scleria sp Nut Rush Species SCLE-SP 

Scleria triglomerata Whip Nutrush SCLETRI S1 SE 

Scleria verticillata Low Nutrush SCLEVER S3 SE 

Sclerochloa dura Common Hard Grass SCLEDUR SNA GR 

Scrophularia lanceolata Lanceleaf Figwort SCROLAN S4 FO 

Scrophularia marilandica Carpenter's Square SCROMAR S4 FO 

Scrophularia sp Figwort Species SCRO-SP 

Scutellaria galericulata Hooded Skullcap SCUTGAL S5 FO 

Scutellaria lateriflora var. lateriflora Blue Skullcap SCUTLAT S5 FO 

Scutellaria nervosa Veiny Skullcap SCUTNER S1 FO 

Scutellaria parvula var. missouriensis Leonard's Skullcap SCUTPAL S3 FO 

Scutellaria parvula var. parvula Small Skullcap SCUTPAP S4 FO 

Scutellaria sp Skullcap Species SCUT-SP 

Secale cereale Common Rye SECACER SNA GR 

Securigera varia Purple Crownvetch COROVAR SNA FO 

Sedge sp Sedge Species SEDG-SP 

Sedum acre Goldmoss Stonecrop SEDUACR SNA FO 

Sedum aizoon Aizoon Stonecrop SEDUAIZ SNA FO 

Sedum album White Stonecrop SEDUALB SNA FO 

Sedum hispanicum Spanish Stonecrop SEDUHIS SNA FO 

Sedum reflexum Jenny's Stonecrop SEDUREF SNA FO 

Sedum sarmentosum Stringy Stonecrop SEDUSAR SNA FO 

Sedum sexangulare Tasteless Stonecrop SEDUSEX SNA FO 

Sedum sp Stonecrop Species SEDU-SP 

Sedum spurium Two-row Stonecrop SEDUSPU SNA FO 

Sedum ternatum Woodland Stonecrop SEDUTER SNA FO 

Selaginella eclipes Hidden Spikemoss SELAECL S4 FE 

Selaginella rupestris Ledge Spikemoss SELARUP S5 FE 

Selaginella selaginoides Club Spikemoss SELASEL S4 FE 

Selaginella sp Spikemoss Species SELA-SP 

Sempervivum tectorum Common House-leek SEMPTEC SNA FO 

Senecio sp Ragwort Species SENE-SP 

Senecio sylvaticus Woodland Ragwort SENESYL SNA FO 

Senecio viscosus Sticky Ragwort SENEVIS SNA FO 

Senecio vulgaris Common Groundsel SENEVUL SNA FO 

Senna hebecarpa American Senna CASSHEB S1 FO 

Sesbania herbacea Bigpod Sesbania SESBHER SNA FO 

Setaria faberi Chinese Bristle Grass SETAFAB SNA GR 

Setaria italica Foxtail Bristle Grass SETAITA SNA GR 

Setaria pumila Yellow Bristle Grass SETAPUM SNA GR 

Setaria sp Foxtail Species SETA-SP 

Setaria verticillata Hooked Bristle Grass SETAVER SNA GR 

Setaria verticilliformis Barbed Bristle Grass SETAVEF SNA GR 

Setaria viridis var. viridis Green Bristle Grass SETAVIR SNA GR 

Shepherdia canadensis Soapberry SHEPCAN S5 SH 

Sherardia arvensis Blue Field Madder SHERARV SNA FO 

Shrub sp Shrub Species SHRB-SP 

Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Shrubby Five-fingers SIBBTRI S5 SH 

Sicyos angulatus Bur Cucumber SICYANG S5 VI 

Sida hermaphrodita Virginia Fanpetals SIDAHER S1 FO 

Sida spinosa Prickly Fanpetals SIDASPI SNA FO 

48



Silene antirrhina Sleepy Catchfly SILEANT S5 FO 

Silene armeria Sweet William Catchfly SILEARM SNA FO 

Silene chalcedonica Maltes Cross LYCHCHA SNA FO 

Silene coronaria Rose Campion LYCHCOR SNA FO 

Silene csereii Balkan Catchfly SILECSE SNA FO 

Silene dichotoma ssp. dichotoma Forked Catchfly SILEDIC SNA FO 

Silene dioica Red Campion SILEDIO SNA FO 

Silene flos-cuculi ssp. flos-cuculi Ragged Robin SILEFLF SNA FO 

Silene gallica Common Catchfly SILEGAL SNA FO 

Silene latifolia White Campion SILELAT SNA FO 

Silene noctiflora Night-flowering Catchfly SILENOC SNA FO 

Silene sp Catchfly Species SILE-SP 

Silene stellata Whorled Catchfly SILESTE SNA FO 

Silene virginica Fire Pink SILEVIR SNA FO 

Silene vulgaris Bladder Campion SILEVUL SNA FO 

Silene X hampeana Hybrid Catchfly SILEHAM SU FO 

Silphium integrifolium var. integrifolium Wholeleaf Rosinweed SILPINT SNA FO 

Silphium laciniatum Compass Plant SILPLAL S1 FO 

Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum Cup Plant SILPPEP S2 FO 

Silphium sp Silphium Species SILP-SP 

Silphium terebinthinaceum var. terebinthinaceum Prairie Dock SILPTET S1 FO 

Silybum marianum Blessed Milk Thistle SILYMAR SNA FO 

Sinapis alba White Mustard SINAALB SNA FO 

Sinapis arvensis Charlock Mustard SINAARV SNA FO 

Sisymbrium altissimum Tall Hedge Mustard SISYALT SNA FO 

Sisymbrium loeselii False London Rocket SISYLOE SNA FO 

Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard SISYOFF SNA FO 

Sisymbrium sp Hedge Mustard Species SISY-SP 

Sisyrinchium albidum White Blue-eyed Grass SISYALB S1 FO 

Sisyrinchium angustifolium Stout Blue-eyed Grass SISYANG S4 FO 

Sisyrinchium montanum var. crebrum Strict Blue-eyed Grass SISYMOC SU FO 

Sisyrinchium montanum var. montanum Strict Blue-eyed Grass SISYMON S5 FO 

Sisyrinchium mucronatum Needle-tip Blue-eyed Grass SISYMUC S4S5 FO 

Sisyrinchium sp Blue-eyed Grass Species SIRI-SP 

Sium suave Common Water-parsnip SIUMSUA S5 FO 

Smilax ecirrata Upright Carrion Flower SMILECI S3? FO 

Smilax herbacea Smooth Carrion Flower SMILHER S4 VI 

Smilax illinoensis Illinois Greenbrier SMILILL S2? VI 

Smilax lasioneura Blue Ridge Carrion Flower SMILLAS S4 VI 

Smilax rotundifolia Roundleaf Greenbrier SMILROT S2 SH 

Smilax sp Greenbrier Species SMIL-SP 

Smilax tamnoides Bristly Greenbrier SMILHIS S4 VW 

Snag Standing Dead Wood SNAG 

Solanum carolinense Apple-of-Sodom SOLACAR SNA FO 

Solanum dulcamara Bitter-sweet Nightshade SOLADUL SNA VW 

Solanum lycopersicum Garden Tomato SOLALYC SNA FO 

Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade SOLANIG SNA FO 

Solanum physalifolium Ground Cherry Nightshade SOLAPHY SNA FO 

Solanum ptychanthum West Indian Nightshade SOLAPTY S5 FO 

Solanum rostratum Buffalo Bur SOLAROS SNA FO 

Solanum sisymbriifolium Sticky Nightshade SOLASIS SNA FO 

Solanum sp Nightshade Species SOLA-SP 

Solanum triflorum Cutleaf Nightshade SOLATRI SNA FO 

Solanum tuberosum Garden Potato SOLATUB SNA FO 

Solidago altissima ssp. altissima Late Goldenrod SOLIALA S5 FO 

Solidago arguta ssp. arguta Atlantic Goldenrod SOLIARA S4 FO 

49



Solidago bicolor White Goldenrod SOLIBIC S4? FO 

Solidago caesia var. caesia Blue-stem Goldenrod SOLICAE S5 FO 

Solidago canadensis var. canadensis Canada Goldenrod SOLICAN S5 FO 

Solidago canadensis var. hargeri Harger's Goldenrod SOLICAH S4? FO 

Solidago flexicaulis Zigzag Goldenrod SOLIFLE S5 FO 

Solidago gigantea Giant Goldenrod SOLIGIG S5 FO 

Solidago hispida Hairy Goldenrod SOLIHIS S5 FO 

Solidago houghtonii Houghton's Goldenrod SOLIHOU S2 FO 

Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod SOLIJUN S5 FO 

Solidago nemoralis ssp. nemoralis Gray Goldenrod SOLINEN S5 FO 

Solidago ohioensis Ohio Goldenrod SOLIOHI S4 FO 

Solidago patula ssp. patula Roundleaf Goldenrod SOLIPAT S5 FO 

Solidago ptarmicoides Prairie Goldenrod SOLIPTA S5 FO 

Solidago puberula ssp. puberula Downy Goldenrod SOLIPUB S2 FO 

Solidago riddellii Riddell's Goldenrod SOLIRID S3 FO 

Solidago rigida ssp. rigida Stiff Goldenrod SOLIRIR S3 FO 

Solidago rugosa ssp. aspera Rough-stemmed Goldenrod SOLIRUA SU FO 

Solidago rugosa ssp. rugosa Wrinkle-leaf Goldenrod SOLIRUR S5 FO 

Solidago sempervirens ssp. sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod SOLISEM SNA FO 

Solidago simplex ssp. gillmanii Rand's Goldenrod SOLISIG S3 FO 

Solidago simplex var. ontarioensis Ontario Goldenrod SOLISIO S3 FO 

Solidago simplex var. simplex Mount Albert Goldenrod SOLISIS S4 FO 

Solidago sp Goldenrod Species SOLI-SP 

Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula Showy Goldenrod SOLISPR S1 FO 

Solidago squarrosa Stout Goldenrod SOLISQU S4 FO 

Solidago uliginosa Bog Goldenrod SOLIULI S5 FO 

Solidago ulmifolia var. ulmifolia Elmleaf Goldenrod SOLIULU S1 FO 

Solidago X beaudryi Beaudry's Hybrid Goldenrod SOLIBEA SHY1 FO 

Solidago X krotkovii Krotkov's Hybrid Goldenrod SOLIKRO SHY1 FO 

Solidago X lutescens Upland Hybrid Goldenrod SOLILUT SHY1 FO 

Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis Field Sowthistle SONCARA SNA FO 

Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus Field Sowthistle SONCARU SNA FO 

Sonchus asper Perennial Sowthistle SONCASA SNA FO 

Sonchus oleraceus Annual Sowthistle SONCOLE SNA FO 

Sonchus palustris Marsh Sowthistle SONCPAL SNA FO 

Sonchus sp Sow-thistle Species SONC-SP 

Sorbaria sorbifolia False Spiraea SORBSOR SNA SH 

Sorbus americana American Mountain-ash SORBAME S5 SH 

Sorbus aucuparia European Mountain-ash SORBAUC SNA SH 

Sorbus decora Northern Mountain-ash SORBDEC S5 SH 

Sorbus sp Mountain-ash Species SORB-SP 

Sorghastrum nutans Indian Grass SORGNUT S4 GR 

Sorghum bicolor Broom Corn SORGBIB SNA GR 

Sorghum halepense Johnson Grass SORGHAL SNA GR 

Sorghum X drummondii Sudan Hybrid Grass SORGDRU SNA GR 

Sparganium americanum American Bur-reed SPARAME S4? FO 

Sparganium androcladum Branched Bur-reed SPARAND SH FO 

Sparganium angustifolium Narrowleaf Bur-reed SPARANG S4? FO 

Sparganium emersum European Bur-reed SPAREME S5 FO 

Sparganium eurycarpum Broad-fruit Bur-reed SPAREUR S5 FO 

Sparganium fluctuans Floating Bur-reed SPARFLU S4? FO 

Sparganium natans Small Bur-reed SPARNAT S5 FO 

Sparganium sp Bur-reed Species SPAR-SP 

Spartina patens Marsh-hay Cord Grass SPARPAT SNA GR 

Spartina pectinata Prairie Cord Grass SPARPEC S4 GR 

Spartina sp Cord Grass Species SPTI-SP 

50



Spergula arvensis Corn Spurry SPERARV SNA FO 

Spergularia media var. media Media Sand Spurry SPERMED SNA FO 

Spergularia rubra Red Sand Spurry SPERRUB SNA FO 

Spergularia salina Salt Sand Spurry SPERMAR SH FO 

Sphenopholis intermedia Slender Wedge Grass SPHEINT S4S5 GR 

Sphenopholis nitida Shiny Wedge Grass SPHENIT S1 GR 

Sphenopholis obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass SPHEOBT S1 GR 

Sphenopholis sp Wedge Grass Species SPHE-SP 

Spiraea alba var. alba White Meadow-sweet SPIRALB S5 SH 

Spiraea alba var. latifolia Northern White Meadow-sweet SPIRALL S5 SH 

Spiraea japonica Japanese Meadow-sweet SPIRJAP SNA SH 

Spiraea prunifolia Bridalwreath Meadow-sweet SPIRPRU SNA SH 

Spiraea salicifolia Willow-leaf Meadow-sweet SPIRSAL SNA SH 

Spiraea sp Meadowsweet Species SPIR-SP 

Spiraea thunbergii Thunberg's Meadow-sweet SPIRTHU SNA SH 

Spiraea tomentosa Steeple Bush SPIRTOM S4S5 SH 

Spiraea vanhouttei Van Houtt's Meadow-sweet SPIRVAN SNA SH 

Spiranthes casei var. casei Case's Ladies'-tresses SPIRCAS S4 FO 

Spiranthes cernua Nodding Ladies'-tresses SPIRCER S5 FO 

Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis Northern Slender Ladies'-tresses SPIRLAG S1 FO 

Spiranthes lacera var. lacera Northern Slender Ladies'-tresses SPIRLAL S4S5 FO 

Spiranthes lucida Shining Ladies'-tresses SPIRLUC S4 FO 

Spiranthes magnicamporum Great Plains Ladies'-tresses SPIRMAG S3? FO 

Spiranthes ochroleuca Yellow Nodding Ladies'-tresses SPIROCH S2 FO 

Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata October Ladies'-tresses SPIROVE S1 FO 

Spiranthes romanzoffiana Hooded Ladies'-tresses SPIRROM S5 FO 

Spiranthes sp Ladies' Tresses Species SPIT-SP 

Spiranthes X simpsonii Simpson's Hybrid Ladies'-tresses SPIRSIM SHY1 FO 

Spirodela polyrrhiza Greater Duckweed SPIRPOL S5 FO 

Sporobolus compositus var. compositus Composite Dropseed SPORASP S4 GR 

Sporobolus cryptandrus Sand Dropseed SPORCRF S4 GR 

Sporobolus heterolepis Northern Dropseed SPORHET S3 GR 

Sporobolus neglectus Puff-sheath Dropseed SPORNEG S4 GR 

Sporobolus sp Dropseed Species SPOR-SP 

Sporobolus vaginiflorus var. ozarkanus Ozark Dropseed SPOROZA S2? GR 

Sporobolus vaginiflorus var. vaginiflorus Poverty Dropseed SPORVAG S5 GR 

Stachys byzantina Woolly Hedge-nettle STACBYZ SNA FO 

Stachys germanica German Hedge-nettle STACGER SNA FO 

Stachys hispida Hispid Hedge-nettle STACHIS S4S5 FO 

Stachys palustris Marsh Hedge-nettle STACPAL SNA FO 

Stachys pilosa var. arenicola Hairy Hedge-nettle STACPIA SU FO 

Stachys pilosa var. pilosa Hairy Hedge-nettle STACPIP SNR FO 

Stachys sp Hedge-nettle Species STAC-SP 

Stachys sylvatica Whitespot STACSYL SNA FO 

Stachys tenuifolia Smooth Hedge-nettle STACTEN SU FO 

Staphylea trifolia American Bladdernut STAPTRI S4 SH 

Stellaria borealis ssp. borealis Boreal Starwort STELBOB S5 FO 

Stellaria crassifolia Fleshy Starwort STELCRA S4? FO 

Stellaria graminea Grassleaf Starwort STELGRA SNA FO 

Stellaria longifolia Longleaf Starwort STELLON S5 FO 

Stellaria longipes ssp. longipes Long-stalk Starwort STELLGP S5 FO 

Stellaria media Common Chickweed STELMED SNA FO 

Stellaria pallida Common Chickweed STELPAL SNA FO 

Stellaria sp Chickweed Species STEL-SP 

Stipa sp Stipa Species STIP-SP 

Stratiotes aloides Water Soldiers STRAALO SNA FO 

51



Streptopus amplexifolius White Mandarin STREAMP S4S5 FO 

Streptopus lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Rose Twistedstalk STREROS S5 FO 

Streptopus X oreopolus Hybrid Twistedstalk STREORE SHY1? FO 

Strophostyles helvola Trailing Wild Bean STROHEL S4 FO 

Stuckenia filiformis ssp. alpina Fineleaf Pondweed POTAFIA S5 FO 

Stuckenia filiformis ssp. occidentalis Slender Pondweed POTAFIL SU FO 

Stuckenia pectinata Broadleaf Pondweed POTAPEC S5 FO 

Stuckenia sp Pondweed Species STUC-SP 

Stuckenia vaginata Sheathed Pondweed POTAVAG S5 FO 

Stylophorum diphyllum Celandine Poppy STYLDIP S1 FO 

Suaeda calceoliformis Pursh Seepweed SUAECAL S2 FO 

Succisa pratensis Devils-bit SUCCPRA SNA FO 

Succisella inflexa Southern Succisella SUCCINF SNA FO 

Symphoricarpos albus var. albus Common Snowberry SYMPALB S4S5 SH 

Symphoricarpos occidentalis Western Snowberry SYMPOCC SNA SH 

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Coralberry SYMPORB SNA SH 

Symphyotrichum boreale Northern Bog Aster ASTEBOR S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum ciliatum Rayless Alkali Aster ASTEBRA S4 FO 

Symphyotrichum ciliolatum Lindley's Aster ASTECIL S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum cordifolium Common Blue Wood Aster ASTECOR S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum dumosum Bushy Aster ASTEDUS S2 FO 

Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides White Heath Aster ASTEERE S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum falcatum var. commutatum White Prairie Aster ASTEFAC SNA FO 

Symphyotrichum firmum Glossy-leaved Aster ASTEPUF S4? FO 

Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve Smooth Blue Aster ASTELAL S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. hirsuticaule White Panicle Aster ASTELAH SNR FO 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. interior White Panicle Aster ASTELAI SNR FO 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum White Panicle Aster ASTELAN S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. latifolium White Panicle Aster ASTELAT SNR FO 

Symphyotrichum lateriflorum var. angustifolium Calico Aster ASTELAA SNR FO 

Symphyotrichum lateriflorum var. lateriflorum Calico Aster ASTELAF S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum novae-angliae New England Aster ASTENOV S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum ontarionis var. glabratum Bottomland Aster ASTEONG S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum ontarionis var. ontarionis Ontario Aster ASTEONO S4 FO 

Symphyotrichum oolentangiense Skyblue Aster ASTEOOL S4 FO 

Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pilosum Hairy White Oldfield Aster ASTEPIP S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pringlei Pringle's Aster ASTEPIR S4 FO 

Symphyotrichum praealtum Willow-leaf Aster ASTEPRP S2 FO 

Symphyotrichum prenanthoides Crooked-stem Aster ASTEPRE S2 FO 

Symphyotrichum puniceum var. puniceum Purple-stem Aster ASTEPUP S5 FO 

Symphyotrichum shortii Short's Aster ASTESHO S4 FO 

Symphyotrichum sp Aster Species SYMC-SP 

Symphyotrichum subulatum var. subulatum Eastern Annual Saltmarsh Aster ASTESUS SNA FO 

Symphyotrichum urophyllum White Arrowleaf Aster ASTEURO S4 FO 

Symphyotrichum X amethystinum Amethyst Hybrid Aster ASTEAMT SHY3? FO 

Symphytum asperum Prickly Comfrey SYMPASP SNA FO 

Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey SYMPOFO SNA FO 

Symphytum sp Comfrey Species SYMP-SP 

Symphytum X uplandicum Upland Hybrid Comfrey SYMPUPL SNA FO 

Symplocarpus foetidus Skunk Cabbage SYMPFOE S5 FO 

Syringa vulgaris Common Lilac SYRIVUL SNA SH 

Taenidia integerrima Yellow Pimpernel TAENINT S4 FO 

Tagetes minuta Stinkweed TAGEMIN SNA FO 

Tanacetum balsamita Costmary TANABAL SNA FO 

Tanacetum bipinnatum Lake Huron Tansy TANABIP S4 FO 

Tanacetum parthenium Feather-leaf Tansy TANAPAR SNA FO 

52



Tanacetum vulgare Common Tansy TANAVUL SNA FO 

Taraxacum erythrospermum Red-seeded Dandelion TARAERY SNA FO 

Taraxacum officinale Common Dandelion TARAOFF SNA FO 

Taraxacum palustre Marsh Dandelion TARAPAL SNA FO 

Taraxacum sp Dandelion Species TARA-SP 

Tarenaya hassleriana Pink Queen CLEOHAS SNA FO 

Taxus canadensis Canada Yew TAXUCAN S4 SH 

Tephrosia virginiana Virginia Goat's-rue TEPHVIR S1 FO 

Tetraneuris herbacea Lakeside Daisy HYMEHER S3 FO 

Teucrium botrys Cutleaf Germander TEUCBOT SNA FO 

Teucrium canadense var. canadense Canada Germander TEUCCAC S5? FO 

Teucrium canadense var. occidentale American Germander TEUCCAV SU FO 

Thalictrum aquilegifolium Columbine Meadow-rue THALAQU SNA FO 

Thalictrum dasycarpum Purple Meadow-rue THALDAS S4? FO 

Thalictrum dioicum Early Meadow-rue THALDIO S5 FO 

Thalictrum pubescens King-of-the-meadow THALPUB S5 FO 

Thalictrum revolutum Waxyleaf Meadow-rue THALREV S2 FO 

Thalictrum sp Meadow-rue Species THAL-SP 

Thalictrum thalictroides Rue Anemone THALTHA S3 FO 

Thalictrum venulosum Veiny Meadow-rue THALVEN S5 FO 

Thaspium barbinode Hairy-joint Meadow Parsnip THASBAR S2 FO 

Thaspium trifoliatum var. aureum Purple Meadow Parsnip THASTRA S2 FO 

Thelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern THELNOV S4S5 FE 

Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens Eastern Marsh Fern THELPAP S5 FE 

Thelypteris simulata Bog Fern THELSIM S1 FE 

Thelypteris sp Thelypteris Species THEL-SP 

Thinopyrum ponticum Rush Wheatgrass ELYMELP SNA GR 

Thladiantha dubia Manchu Tuber Gourd THLADUB SNA VI 

Thlaspi arvense Fanweed THLAARV SNA FO 

Thuja occidentalis Eastern White Cedar THUJOCC S5 TR 

Thymelaea passerina Mezereon THYMPAS SNA FO 

Thymus praecox ssp. arcticus Creeping Thyme THYMPRA SNA FO 

Thymus pulegioides Lemon Thyme THYMPUL SNA FO 

Tiarella cordifolia var. cordifolia Heart-leaf Foam Flower TIARCOR S5 FO 

Tilia americana var. americana American Basswood TILIAME S5 TR 

Tilia americana var. heterophylla White Basswood TILIAMH SNA TR 

Tilia cordata Littleleaf Linden TILICOR SNA TR 

Tilia platyphyllos Largeleaf Linden TILIPLA SNA TR 

Tilia X europaea Common Linden TILIVUL SNA TR 

Tofieldia pusilla Scotch False Asphodel TOFIPUS S5 FO 

Torilis japonica Erect Hedge Parsley TORIJAP SNA FO 

Torreyochloa pallida var. fernaldii Fernald's False Manna Grass TORRFER S4 GR 

Torreyochloa pallida var. pallida Pale False Manna Grass TORRPAL S2 GR 

Torreyochloa sp Manna Grass Species TORR-SP 

Toxicodendron radicans ssp. negundo Eastern Poison Ivy RHUSRAN S5 VW 

Toxicodendron rydbergii Western Poison Ivy RHUSRYD S5 SH 

Toxicodendron vernix Poison Sumac RHUSVER S4 SH 

Tradescantia ohiensis Ohio Spiderwort TRADOHI S2 FO 

Tradescantia virginiana Virginia Spiderwort TRADVIR SNA FO 

Tragopogon dubius Common Goatsbeard TRAGDUB SNA FO 

Tragopogon mirabilis Ontario Goatsbeard TRAGMIR SNA FO 

Tragopogon mirus Remarkable Goatsbeard TRAGMIU SNA FO 

Tragopogon porrifolius Purple Goatsbeard TRAGPOR SNA FO 

Tragopogon pratensis Meadow Goatsbeard TRAGPRP SNA FO 

Tragopogon sp Goat's-beard Species TRAG-SP 

Tragopogon X crantzii Crantz's Hybrid Goatsbeard TRAGCRA SNA FO 

53



Tragopogon X neohybridus Hybrid Goatsbeard TRAGNEO SNA FO 

Trapa natans Water Chestnut TRAPNAT SNA FO 

Tree sp Tree Species TREE-SP 

Triadenum fraseri Fraser's Marsh St. Johnswort TRIAFRA S5 FO 

Triadenum virginicum Virginia Marsh St. Johnswort TRIAVIR S4 FO 

Triantha occidentalis ssp. brevistyla Sticky Tofieldia TOFIGLB S4? FO 

Tribulus terrestris Puncture Vine TRIBTER SNA FO 

Trichophorum alpinum Alpine Clubrush SCIRHUD S5 SE 

Trichophorum cespitosum Turted Clubrush SCIRCES S5 SE 

Trichophorum clintonii Clinton's Clubrush SCIRCLI S2S3 SE 

Trichophorum planifolium Bashful Clubrush SCIRVER S1 SE 

Trichophorum sp Clubrush Species TRIC-SP 

Trichostema brachiatum Flux Weed TRICBRA S4 FO 

Trichostema dichotomum Blue Curls TRICDIC S1 FO 

Tridens flavus var. flavus Purpletop Tridens TRIDFLA SNA GR 

Trientalis borealis Northern Starflower TRIEBOB S5 FO 

Trifolium arvense Hairy Clover TRIFARV SNA FO 

Trifolium aureum Golden Clover TRIFAUE SNA FO 

Trifolium campestre Big Hop Clover TRIFCAM SNA FO 

Trifolium dubium Small Hop Clover TRIFDUB SNA FO 

Trifolium fragiferum Strawberry Clover TRIFFRA SNA FO 

Trifolium hybridum Alsike Clover TRIFHYE SNA FO 

Trifolium incarnatum Crimson Clover TRIFINC SNA FO 

Trifolium medium Zigzag Clover TRIFMED SNA FO 

Trifolium pratense Red Clover TRIFPRA SNA FO 

Trifolium repens Dutch Clover TRIFREP SNA FO 

Trifolium sp Clover Species TRIF-SP 

Triglochin maritima Seaside Arrow-grass TRIGMAR S5 FO 

Triglochin palustre Marsh Arrow-grass TRIGPAL S5 FO 

Triglochin sp Arrow Grass Species TRIG-SP 

Trillium cernuum Whip-poor-will Flower TRILCER S5 FO 

Trillium erectum Red Trillium TRILERE S5 FO 

Trillium flexipes Nodding Wakerobin TRILFLE S1 FO 

Trillium grandiflorum White Trillium TRILGRA S5 FO 

Trillium luteum Yellow Wakerobin TRILLUT SNA FO 

Trillium sp Trillium Species TRIL-SP 

Trillium undulatum Painted Trillium TRILUND S5? FO 

Triodanis perfoliata Clasping Venus' Looking-glass TRIOPRF S4 FO 

Triosteum angustifolium Yellow-fruit Horse-gentian TRIOANG S1 FO 

Triosteum aurantiacum var. aurantiacum Orange-fruit Horse-gentian TRIOAUR S5 FO 

Triosteum perfoliatum Common Horese-gentian TRIOPER S1 FO 

Triosteum sp Horse Gentian Species TRIO-SP 

Triphora trianthophora Three Birds Orchid TRIPTRI S1 FO 

Triplasis purpurea var. purpurea Purple Sand Grass TRIPPUR S4? GR 

Tripleurospermum inodorum Scentless False Mayweed MATRPER SNA FO 

Tripleurospermum maritima ssp. maritima False Chamomile TRIPMAM SNA FO 

Trisetum flavescens Yellow Oat Grass TRISFLA SNA GR 

Trisetum spicatum Spike Trisetum TRISSPI S4 GR 

Triticum aestivum Common Wheat TRITAES SNA GR 

Triticum turgidum Rivet Wheat TRITTUR SNA GR 

Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock TSUGCAN S5 TR 

Tulipa sylvestris Wild Tulip TULISYL SNA FO 

Turritis glabra Tower Rockcress ARABGLA S5 FO 

Tussilago farfara Colts Foot TUSSFAR SNA FO 

Typha angustifolia Narrowleaf Cattail TYPHANG SNA FO 

Typha latifolia Broadleaf Cattail TYPHLAT S5 FO 

54



Typha sp Cattail Species TYPH-SP 

Typha X glauca Glaucous Hybrid Cattail TYPHGLA SNA FO 

Ulmus americana American Elm ULMUAME S5 TR 

Ulmus glabra Wych Elm ULMUGLA SNA TR 

Ulmus parvifolia Chinese Elm ULMUPAR SNA TR 

Ulmus procera English Elm ULMUPRO SNA TR 

Ulmus pumila Siberian Elm ULMUPUM SNA TR 

Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm ULMURUB S5 TR 

Ulmus sp Elm Species ULMU-SP 

Ulmus thomasii Rock Elm ULMUTHO S4? TR 

Urtica dioica ssp. dioica Stinging Nettle URTIDID SNA FO 

Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis Slender Nettle URTIDIG S5 FO 

Urtica sp Nettle Species URTI-SP 

Urtica urens Burning Nettle URTIURE SNA FO 

Utricularia cornuta Horned Bladderwort UTRICOR S5 FO 

Utricularia geminiscapa Hidden-fruit Bladderwort UTRIGEM S3? FO 

Utricularia gibba Cone-spur Bladderwort UTRIGIB S4 FO 

Utricularia intermedia Flatleaf Bladderwort UTRIINT S5 FO 

Utricularia minor Lesser Bladderwort UTRIMIN S5 FO 

Utricularia ochroleuca Yellowish-white Bladderwort UTRIOCH SH FO 

Utricularia purpurea Eastern Purple Bladderwort UTRIPUR S4 FO 

Utricularia resupinata Lavender Bladderwort UTRIRES S4 FO 

Utricularia sp Bladderwort Species UTRI-SP 

Utricularia vulgaris ssp. macrorhiza Common Bladderwort UTRIVUL S5 FO 

Uvularia grandiflora Large-flower Bellwort UVULGRA S5 FO 

Uvularia perfoliata Perfoliate Bellwort UVULPER S1 FO 

Uvularia sessilifolia Sessile-leaf Bellwort UVULSES S4 FO 

Uvularia sp Bellwort Species UVUL-SP 

Vaccaria hispanica Cow Soapwort VACCHIS SNA FO 

Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush Blueberry VACCANG S5 SH 

Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry VACCCOR S4 SH 

Vaccinium macrocarpon Large Cranberry VACCMAC S4S5 SH 

Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvetleaf Blueberry VACCMYR S5 SH 

Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry VACCOXY S5 SH 

Vaccinium pallidum Blue Ridge Blueberry VACCPAL S4 SH 

Vaccinium sp Blueberry Species VACC-SP 

Vaccinium stamineum Deerberry VACCSTA S1 SH 

Valeriana dioica var. sylvatica Wood Valerian VALEDIS S4? FO 

Valeriana edulis var. ciliata Tabacco Root VALEEDC S1 FO 

Valeriana officinalis Garden Valerian VALEOFF SNA FO 

Valeriana sitchensis ssp. uliginosa Marsh Valerian VALESIU S2 FO 

Valerianella chenopodiifolia Goose-foot Corn Salad VALECHE S1 FO 

Valerianella locusta Lewiston Corn Salad VALELOC SNA FO 

Valerianella sp Corn Salad Species VALE-SP 

Valerianella umbilicata Navel Corn Salad VALEUMB S1 FO 

Vallisneria americana American Eel-grass VALLAME S5 FO 

Ventenata dubia North Africa Grass VENTDUB SNA GR 

Verbascum blattaria White Moth Mullein VERBBLA SNA FO 

Verbascum lychnitis White Mullein VERBLYC SNA FO 

Verbascum nigrum Black Mullein VERBNIG SNA FO 

Verbascum phlomoides Orange Mullein VERBPHL SNA FO 

Verbascum sp Mullein Species VERS-SP 

Verbascum thapsus ssp. thapsus Common Mullein VERBTHA SNA FO 

Verbascum virgatum Wand Mullein VERBVIR SNA FO 

Verbena bonariensis var. bonariensis Purpletop Vervain VERBBOB SNA FO 

Verbena bracteata Bigbract Verbena VERBBRA S4? FO 

55



Verbena hastata var. hastata Swamp Verbena VERBHAS S5 FO 

Verbena simplex Narrowleaf Vervain VERBSIM S4 FO 

Verbena sp Vervain Species VERB-SP 

Verbena stricta Hoary Verbena VERBSTR S4 FO 

Verbena urticifolia var. urticifolia White Vervain VERBURT S5 FO 

Verbena X deamii Deam's Hybrid Verbena VERBDEA SHY1 FO 

Verbena X engelmannii Engelmann's Hybrid Verbena VERBENG SHY1 FO 

Verbena X perriana Hybrid Verbena VERBPER SH FO 

Verbena X rydbergii Rydberg's Hybrid Verbena VERBRYD SHY1 FO 

Verbesina alternifolia Wingstem VERBALT S3 FO 

Vernonia gigantea Giant Ironweed VERNGIG S1? FO 

Veronica agrestis Field Speedwell VEROAGR SNA FO 

Veronica americana American Speedwell VEROAME S5 FO 

Veronica anagallis-aquatica Water Speedwell VEROANA SNA FO 

Veronica arvensis Common Speedwell VEROARV SNA FO 

Veronica austriaca Broadleaf Speedwell VEROAUS SNA FO 

Veronica beccabunga European Speedwell VEROBEC SNA FO 

Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell VEROCHA SNA FO 

Veronica filiformis Creeping Speedwell VEROFIL SNA FO 

Veronica hederifolia Ivyleaf Speedwell VEROHED SNA FO 

Veronica longifolia Longleaf Speedwell VEROLON SNA FO 

Veronica officinalis var. officinalis Common Speedwell VEROOFF SNA FO 

Veronica peregrina ssp. peregrina Purslane Speedwell VEROPEP S5 FO 

Veronica peregrina ssp. xalapensis Glandular Purslane Speedwell VEROPEX S4 FO 

Veronica persica Persian Speedwell VEROPES SNA FO 

Veronica polita Gray Field Speedwell VEROPOL SNA FO 

Veronica scutellata Grassleaf Speedwell VEROSCU S5 FO 

Veronica serphyllifolia ssp. humifusa Northern Speedwell VEROSEH SU FO 

Veronica serphyllifolia ssp. serphyllifolia Thyme-leaf Speedwell VEROSES SNA FO 

Veronica sp Speedwell Species VERO-SP 

Veronica spicata Spiked Speedwell VEROSPI SNA FO 

Veronica teucrium Broadleaf Speedwell VEROAUT SNA FO 

Veronica verna Spring Speedwell VEROVER SNA FO 

Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's Root VEROVRG S2 FO 

Viburnum acerifolium Mapleleaf Viburnum VIBUACE S5 SH 

Viburnum lantana Wayfaring Tree VIBULAN SNA SH 

Viburnum lantanoides Hobble Bush VIBULAO S5 SH 

Viburnum lentago Nannyberry VIBULEN S5 SH 

Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides Wild Raisin VIBUCAS S5 SH 

Viburnum opulus var. americanum American Cranberry Bush VIBUTRI S5 SH 

Viburnum opulus var. opulus European Cranberry Bush VIBUOPU S5 SH 

Viburnum rafinesqueanum Downy Arrow-wood VIBURAF S5 SH 

Viburnum recognitum Northern Arrow-wood VIBUREC S4 SH 

Viburnum sp Viburnum Species VIBU-SP 

Vicia americana var. americana American Vetch VICIAME S5 VI 

Vicia caroliniana Carolina Vetch VICICAR S2 VI 

Vicia cracca Cow Vetch VICICRA SNA VI 

Vicia hirsuta Hairy Vetch VICIHIR SNA VI 

Vicia sativa ssp. nigra Common Vetch VICISAN SNA VI 

Vicia sepium var. sepium Bush Vetch VICISES SNA VI 

Vicia sp Vetch Species VICI-SP 

Vicia tetrasperma Lentil Vetch VICITET SNA VI 

Vicia villosa var. villosa Winter Vetch VICIVIL SNA VI 

Vinca minor Common Periwinkle VINCMIN SNA VW 

Vine sp Herbaceous Vine Species VINE-SP 

Viola adunca var. adunca Hooked-spur Violet VIOLADU S4S5 FO 

56



Viola affinis Le Conte's Violet VIOLAFF S4? FO 

Viola arvensis European Field Pansy VIOLARV SNA FO 

Viola bicolor Field Pansy VIOLBIC S1 FO 

Viola blanda var. blanda Sweet White Violet VIOLBLA S4S5 FO 

Viola blanda var. palustriformis Largeleaf Violet VIOLBLP SU FO 

Viola canadensis var. canadensis Canadian White Violet VIOLCAN S5 FO 

Viola cucullata Marsh Blue Violet VIOLCUC S5 FO 

Viola labradorica Alpine Violet VIOLLAB S4S5 FO 

Viola lanceolata ssp. lanceolata Bog White Violet VIOLLAN S4 FO 

Viola macloskeyi ssp. pallens Smooth White Violet VIOLMAP S5 FO 

Viola nephrophylla var. nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet VIOLNEP S4 FO 

Viola odorata Sweet Violet VIOLODO SNA FO 

Viola palmata Early Blue Violet VIOLPAP S2S3 FO 

Viola pedata Bird's-foot Violet VIOLPED S1 FO 

Viola pedatifida Prairie Violet VIOLPDF S1 FO 

Viola pubescens var. pubescens Downy Yellow Violet VIOLPUB S5 FO 

Viola pubescens var. scabriuscula Smooth Yellow Violet VIOLPUS S5 FO 

Viola renifolia Northern White Violet VIOLREN S5 FO 

Viola rostrata Long-spur Violet VIOLROS S5 FO 

Viola rotundifolia Roundleaf Violet VIOLROT SH FO 

Viola sagittata var. ovata Ovate-leaved Violet VIOLSAO S4 FO 

Viola sagittata var. sagittata Arrow-leaved Violet VIOLSAS S4 FO 

Viola selkirkii Selkirk's Violet VIOLSEL S5 FO 

Viola sororia Common Blue Violet VIOLSOR S5 FO 

Viola sp Violet Species VIOL-SP 

Viola striata Striped Cream Violet VIOLSTR S3 FO 

Viola tricolor Johnny Jumpup VIOLTRI SNA FO 

Viola X brauniae Braun's Hybrid Violet VIOLBRA SHY1 FO 

Viola X eclipes Hybrid Violet VIOLECL SHY1 FO 

Viola X malteana Malte's Hybrid Violet VIOLMAL SHY1 FO 

Viola X populifolia Poplar-leaved Hybrid Violet VIOLPOP SHY1 FO 

Viola X porteriana Porter's Hybrid Violet VIOLPOR SHY1 FO 

Viola X sublanceolata Lanceleaf Violet VIOLSUB SHY1 FO 

Vitis aestivalis var. bicolor Summer Grape VITIAES S4 VW 

Vitis labrusca Fox Grape VITILAB S1 VW 

Vitis riparia Riverbank Grape VITIRIP S5 VW 

Vitis sp Grape Species VITI-SP 

Vitis vulpina Frost Grape VITIVUL S1 VW 

Vulpia myuros Foxtail Fescue VULPMYU SNA GR 

Vulpia octoflora var. glauca Sixweeks Fescue VULPOCT S2 GR 

Waldsteinia fragarioides Barren Strawberry WALDFRA S5 FO 

Wolffia borealis Dotted Watermeal WOLFBOR S4S5 FO 

Wolffia brasiliensis Brazilian Watermeal WOLFBRA S2? FO 

Wolffia columbiana Columbian Watermeal WOLFCOL S4S5 FO 

Wolffia sp Water Meal Species WOLF-SP 

Woodsia alpina Alpine Cliff Fern WOODALP S2 FE 

Woodsia glabella Smooth Cliff Fern WOODGLA S4 FE 

Woodsia ilvensis Rusty Cliff Fern WOODILV S5 FE 

Woodsia obtusa ssp. obtusa Bluntlobe Cliff Fern WOODOBO S1 FE 

Woodsia sp Woodsia Species WOOD-SP 

Woodsia X abbeae Abbe's Hybrid Woodsia WOODABB SHY1? FE 

Woodsia X gracilis Thinleaf Hybrid Woodsia WOODGRA SHY1? FE 

Woodsia X maxonii Maxon's Hybrid Woodsia WOODMAX SHY1? FE 

Woodsia X tryonis Tryon's Hybrid Woodsia WOODTRY SHY1? FE 

Woodwardia virginica Virginia Chain Fern WOODVIR S4 FE 

Woody vine sp Woody Vine Species WOVI-SP 

57



X Dryostichum singulare Hybrid Wood-Holly Fern XDRYSIN SHY1 FE 

Xanthium spinosum Spiny Cocklebur XANTSPI SNA FO 

Xanthium strumarium Canada Cocklebur XANTSTR S5 FO 

Xyris difformis var. difformis Bog Yellow-eyed Grass XYRIDIF S4 FO 

Xyris montana Northern Yellow-eyed Grass XYRIMON S4 FO 

Yucca filamentosa Adam's Needle YUCCFIL SNR FO 

Zannichellia palustris Horned Pondweed ZANNPAL S4 FO 

Zanthoxylum americanum Common Prickly-ash ZANTAME S5 SH 

Zea mays ssp. mays Corn ZEA-MAY SNA GR 

Zizania aquatica var. aquatica Annual Wild Rice ZIZAAQU S3 GR 

Zizania palustris var. interior Interior Wild Rice ZIZAPAI SNA GR 

Zizania palustris var. palustris Northern Wild Rice ZIZAPAL S4 GR 

Zizania sp Wild Rice Species ZIZA-SP 

Zizia aptera Heart-leaf Alexanders ZIZIAPT S1 FO 

Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders ZIZIAUR S5 FO 

Zoysia japonica Japanese Lawn Grass ZOYSJAP SNA GR 

58

List of Synonyms

List of Plant Synonyms 

OLD NAME 

Acalypha virginica var. rhomboidea 

Acer saccharum ssp. nigrum 

Acer saccharum ssp. saccharum 

Achillea lanulosa 

Achillea millefolium ssp. lanulosa 

Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium 

Acroptilon repens 

Actaea alba 

Actaea rubra forma neglecta 

Actinomeris alternifolia 

Agalinis purpurea var. parviflora 

Agropyron elongatum 

Agropyron pectiniforme 

Agropyron psammophilum 

Agropyron repens 

Agropyron smithii 

Agropyron trachycaulum 

Agrostis alba 

Agrostis alba var. palustris 

Agrostis hiemalis 

Agrostis hyemalis var. scabra 

Agrostis hyemalis var. tenuis 

Agrostis tenuis 

Alisma plantago-aquatica 

Alliaria officinalis 

Allium burdickii 

Alnus crispa 

Alnus rugosa 

Alyssum incanum 

Amaranthus graecizans 

Amaranthus lividus 

Amaranthus retroflexus var. powellii 

Ambrosia coronopifolia 

Amelanchier alnifolia 

Amelanchier arborea ssp. laevis 

Amelanchier sanguinea var. grandiflora 

Amelanchier stolonifera 

Ammannia coccinea 

Amphicarpa bracteata 

Anacharis canadensis 

Anacharis nuttallii 

Anchusa procera 

Andromeda glaucophylla 

Andromeda polifolia 

Andropogon scoparius 

Anemone patens var. multifida 

Anemone riparia 

SCIENTIFIC NAME 

Acalypha rhomboidea 

Acer nigrum 

Acer saccharum 

Achillea millefolium 



Rhaponticum repens 

Actaea pachypoda 

Actaea X ludovici 

Verbesina alternifolia 

Agalinis paupercula var. paupercula 

Thinopyrum ponticum 

Agropyron cristatum ssp. pectinatum 

Elymus lanceolatus ssp. psammophilus 

Elymus repens 

Pascopyrum smithii 

Elymus trachycaulus ssp. trachycaulus 

Agrostis gigantea 

Agrostis stolonifera 

Agrostis hyemalis 

Agrostis scabra var. scabra 

Agrostis scabra var. scabra 

Agrostis capillaris 

Alisma subcordatum 

Alliaria petiolata 

Allium tricoccum var. burdickii 

Alnus viridis ssp. crispa 

Alnus incana ssp. rugosa 

Berteroa incana 

Amaranthus blitoides 

Amaranthus blitum 

Amaranthus powellii 

Ambrosia psilostachya 

Amelanchier humilis 

Amelanchier laevis 

Amelanchier sanguinea var. sanguinea 

Amelanchier spicata 

Ammannia robusta 

Amphicarpaea bracteata var. bracteata 

Elodea canadensis 

Elodea nuttallii 

Anchusa officinalis 

Andromeda polifolia var. glaucophylla 

Andromeda polifolia var. glaucophylla 

Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium 

Anemone multifida var. hudsoniana 

Anemone virginiana var. alba 

60


OLD NAME 

Anemonella thalictroides 

Antennaria neglecta var. canadensis 

Antennaria neglecta var. neodioica 

Antennaria neglecta var. petaloidea 

Antennaria plantaginifolia 

Antennaria plantaginifolia var. ambigens 

Antennaria plantaginifolia var. parlinii 

Anthemis arvensis var. agrestis 

Anthemis foetida 

Anthemis tinctoria 

Anticlea elegans 

Arabis alpina ssp caucasica 

Arabis glabra 

Arabis hirsuta ssp. adpressipilis 

Arabis laevigata 

Arabis perstellata var shortii 

Arctium minus ssp. minus 

Arctium vulgare 

Arenaria lateriflora 

Arenaria rubra 

Arenaria stricta 

Argentina anserina 

Arisaema atrorubens 

Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum 

Aristida intermedia 

Aristida necopina 

Armoracia aquatica 

Artemisia caudata 

Asplenium acrostichoides 

Asplenium pycnocarpon 

Asplenium trichomanes 

Asplenium trichomanes 

Asplenium viride 

Aster acuminatus 

Aster azureus 

Aster borealis 

Aster brachyactis 

Aster ciliolatus 

Aster cordifolius 

Aster divaricatus 

Aster dumosus var. strictior 

Aster ericoides 

Aster firmus 

Aster interior 

Aster junciformis 

Aster laevis 

Aster lanceolatus var. hisuticaulus 


Thalictrum thalictroides 

Antennaria howellii ssp. canadensis 

Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica 

Antennaria howellii ssp. petaloidea 

Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax 

Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax 

Antennaria parlinii ssp. parlinii 

Anthemis arvensis 

Anthemis cotula 

Cota tinctoria 

Anticlea elegans var. glaucus 

Arabis caucasica 

Turritis glabra 

Arabis pycnocarpa var. adpressipilis 

Boechera laevigata 

Boechera dentata 

Arctium minus 

Arctium lappa 

Moehringia lateriflora 

Spergularia rubra 

Minuartia michauxii 

Potentilla anserina ssp. anserina 

Arisaema triphyllum 

Arisaema triphyllum 

Aristida longispica var. geniculata 

Aristida longispica var. geniculata 

Rorippa aquatica 

Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata 

Deparia acrostichoides 

Diplazium pycnocarpon 

Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens 

Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes 

Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum 

Oclemena acuminata 

Symphyotrichum oolentangiense 

Symphyotrichum boreale 

Symphyotrichum ciliatum 

Symphyotrichum ciliolatum 

Symphyotrichum cordifolium 

Eurybia divaricata 

Symphyotrichum dumosum 

Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides 

Symphyotrichum firmum 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. interior 

Symphyotrichum boreale 

Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. hirsuticaule 

61


OLD NAME 

Aster lanceolatus var. lanceolatus 

Aster lanceolatus var. latifolius 

Aster lateriflorus 

Aster lateriflorus var. angustifolius 

Aster macrophyllus 

Aster nemoralis 

Aster novae-angliae 

Aster ontarionis 

Aster oolentangiensis 

Aster pilosus var. pilosus 

Aster pilosus var. pringlei 

Aster praealtus 

Aster prenanthoides 

Aster pringlei 

Aster ptarmicoides 

Aster puniceus var. firmus 

Aster puniceus var. puniceus 

Aster sagittifolius 

Aster schreberi 

Aster shortii 

Aster simplex 

Aster simplex var. interior 

Aster subulatus 

Aster umbellatus 

Aster urophyllus 

Aster X amethystinus 

Athyrium pycnocarpon 

Athyrium thelypterioides 

Azolla mexicana 

Bassia scoparia 

Betula glandulifera 

Betula glandulosa var. glandulifera 

Betula lutea 

Bidens alba 

Bidens cernuus 

Bidens comosa 

Bidens coronata var. trichosperma 

Bidens coronatus 

Bidens tripartita 

Boechera shortii 

Botrychium matricariaefolium 

Botrychium obliquum 

Botrychium tenebrosum 

Botrychium virginianum var. virginianum 

Brachyactis ciliata ssp. angusta 

Brachyelytrum erectum var. erectum 

Brachyelytrum erectum var. glabratum 


Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. latifolium 

Symphyotrichum lateriflorum var. lateriflorum 

Symphyotrichum lateriflorum var. lateriflorum 

Eurybia macrophylla 

Oclemena nemoralis 

Symphyotrichum novae-angliae 

Symphyotrichum ontarionis var. ontarionis 

Symphyotrichum oolentangiense 

Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pilosum 

Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pringlei 

Symphyotrichum praealtum 

Symphyotrichum prenanthoides 

Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pringlei 

Solidago ptarmicoides 

Symphyotrichum firmum 

Symphyotrichum puniceum var. puniceum 

Symphyotrichum urophyllum 

Eurybia schreberi 

Symphyotrichum shortii 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. interior 

Symphyotrichum subulatum var. subulatum 

Doellingeria umbellata var. umbellata 

Symphyotrichum urophyllum 

Symphyotrichum X amethystinum 

Diplazium pycnocarpon 


Azolla caroliniana 

Kochia scoparia ssp. scoparia 

Betula pumila var. pumila 

Betula pumila var. pumila 

Betula alleghaniensis var. fallax 

Bidens pilosa 

Bidens cernua 

Bidens connata 

Bidens trichosperma 

Bidens trichosperma 

Bidens connata 

Boechera dentata 

Botrychium matricariifolium 

Botrychium dissectum 

Botrychium simplex 

Botrychium virginianum 

Symphyotrichum ciliolatum 

Brachyelytrum erectum 

Brachyelytrum aristosum 

62


OLD NAME 

Brassica alba 

Brassica arvensis 

Brassica kaber 

Bromus altissimus 

Bromus hordeaceus ssp. pseudothominii 

Bromus mollis 

Bulbostylis capillaris ssp. capillaris 

Cacalia plantaginea 

Cacalia tuberosa 

Calamintha arkansana 

Callitriche verna 

Campanula americana 

Camptosorus rhizophyllus 

Cardamine palustris 

Cardamine pratensis var. palustris 

Cardamine rhomboidea 

Cardaria chalepensis 

Cardaria draba ssp. draba 

Carduus marianus 

Carex aenea 

Carex amphibola var. turgida 

Carex artitecta 

Carex caphalophora var. mesochorea 

Carex capillaris ssp. chlorostachys 

Carex cephalantha 

Carex complanata 

Carex contigua 

Carex convoluta 

Carex crinita var. gynandra 

Carex dioica var. gynocrates 

Carex emmonsii 

Carex flaccosperma var. glaucodea 

Carex foenea 

Carex grayii 

Carex hystricina 

Carex lanuginosa 

Carex lanuginosa 

Carex lasiocarpa var. latifolia 

Carex laxiflora var. blanda 

Carex laxiflora var. gracillima 

Carex laxiflora var. latifolia 

Carex muricata var. cephalantha 

Carex muricata var. sterilis 

Carex paupercula 

Carex pensylvanica var. distans 

Carex plana 

Carex pseudo-cyperus 


Sinapis alba 

Sinapis arvensis 

Sinapis arvensis 

Bromus latiglumis 

Bromus hordeaceus ssp. pseudothominei 

Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus 

Bulbostylis capillaris 

Arnoglossum plantagineum 

Arnoglossum plantagineum 

Clinopodium glabrum 

Callitriche palustris 

Campanulastrum americanum 

Asplenium rhizophyllum 

Cardamine pratensis var. pratensis 

Cardamine pratensis var. pratensis 

Cardamine bulbosa 

Lepidium chalepensis 

Lepidium draba 

Silybum marianum 

Carex foenea 

Carex grisea 

Carex albicans var. albicans 

Carex mesochorea 

Carex capillaris 

Carex echinata ssp. echinata 

Carex hirsutella 

Carex spicata 

Carex rosea 

Carex gynandra 

Carex gynocrates 

Carex albicans var. emmonsii 

Carex glaucodea 

Carex siccata 

Carex grayi 

Carex hystericina 

Carex lasiocarpa 

Carex pellita 

Carex pellita 

Carex blanda 

Carex gracilescens 

Carex albursina 

Carex echinata ssp. echinata 

Carex sterilis 

Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua 

Carex lucorum var. lucorum 

Carex muehlenbergii var. enervis 

Carex pseudocyperus 

63


OLD NAME 

Carex radiata 

Carex rosea var. radiata 

Carex rostrata var. utriculata 

Carex rugosperma 

Carex siccata 

Carex sparganioides var. aggregata 

Carex sparganioides var. cephaloidea 

Carex straminea var. brevior 

Carex tetanica var. woodii 

Carex umbellata var. tonsa 

Carex vulpinoidea var. ambigua 

Carex X copulata 

Carpinus caroliniana 

Carya glabra var. glabra 

Carya ovata var. ovata 

Cassia hebecarpa 

Caulophyllum thalictroides var. giganteum 

Celastrus orbiculata 

Centaurea biebersteinii 

Centaurea dubia 

Centaurea dubia ssp. vochinensis 

Centaurea jacea var. pratensis 

Centaurea maculosa 

Centaurea repens 

Centaurea transalpina 

Centaurea vochinensis 

Cerastium aquaticum 

Cerastium arvense ssp. velutinum 

Cerastium arvense var. villosum 

Cerastium fontanum ssp. triviale 

Cerastium glutinosum 

Cerastium nutans var. brachypodum 

Cerastium velutinum 

Cerastium vulgatum 

Chenopodium ambrosioides 

Chenopodium berlandieri ssp. zschackii 

Chenopodium botrys 

Chenopodium bushianum 

Chenopodium gigantospermum 

Chenopodium hybridum 

Chrysanthemum leucanthemum 

Chrysanthemum parthenium 

Chrysanthemum serotinum 

Cimicifuga racemosa 

Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis 

Circaea quadrisulcata 

Cirsium hillii 


Carex appalachica 

Carex radiata 

Carex utriculata 

Carex tonsa var. rugosperma 

Carex foenea 

Carex aggregata 

Carex cephaloidea 

Carex brevior 

Carex woodii 

Carex tonsa var. tonsa 

Carex annectens 

Carex laxiculmis var. copulata 

Carpinus caroliniana ssp. virginiana 

Carya glabra 

Carya ovata 

Senna hebecarpa 

Caulophyllum giganteum 

Celastrus orbiculatus 

Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos 

Centaurea nigrescens 


Centaurea X moncktonii 

Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos 

Rhaponticum repens 



Myosoton aquaticum 

Cerastium arvense var. velutinum 


Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare 

Cerastium pumilum 

Cerastium brachypodum 


Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare 

Dysphania ambrosioides 

Chenopodium berlandieri var. zschackii 

Dysphania botrys 

Chenopodium berlandieri var. bushianum 

Chenopodium simplex 

Chenopodium simplex 

Leucanthemum vulgare 

Tanacetum parthenium 

Leucanthemella serotina 

Actaea racemosa 

Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis 

Circaea canadensis ssp. canadensis 

Cirsium pumilum var. hillii 

64


OLD NAME 

Clematis paniculata 

Clematis verticillaris var. grandiflora 

Clinopodium acinos 

Cnicus benedictus 

Coleogeton filiformis 

Coleogeton pectinatus 

Comandra lividum 

Conobea multifida 

Consolida ambigua 

Convolvulus pellitus 

Convolvulus sepium 

Convolvulus spethamaeus 

Coptis groenlandica 

Coptis trifolia ssp. groenlandica 

Corispermum emarginatum 

Corispermum sibiricum 

Cornus amomum ssp. obliqua 

Cornus foemina ssp. racemosa 

Cornus stolonifera 

Coronilla varia 

Crataegus beata 

Crataegus bushii 

Crataegus conspecta 

Crataegus flabellata 

Crataegus iracunda 

Crataegus leiophylla 

Crataegus macracantha 

Crataegus prunifolia 

Crataegus rugosa 

Cuscuta campestris 

Cynanchum nigrum 

Cynoglossum boreale 

Cyperus aristatus 

Cyperus engelmannii 

Cyperus ferruginescens 

Cyperus filiculmis var. macilentus 

Cyperus inflexus 

Cyperus lupulinus 

Cyperus rivularis 

Cypripedium calceolus var. pubescens 

Cypripedium parviflorum var. makasin 

Cypripedium pubescens 

Cystopteris fragilis var. mackayi 

Cystopteris fragilis var. protrusa 

Dactylorhiza viridis 

Dendrolycopodium dendroideum 

Dendrolycopodium hickeyi 


Clematis terniflora 

Clematis occidentalis var. occidentalis 

Acinos arvensis 

Centaurea benedicta 

Stuckenia filiformis ssp. occidentalis 

Stuckenia pectinata 

Geocaulon lividum 

Leucospora multifida 

Consolida ajacis 

Calystegia pellita 

Calystegia sepium ssp. angulata 

Calystegia spithamaea ssp. spithamaea 

Coptis trifolia 

Coptis trifolia 

Corispermum villosum 

Corispermum pallasii 

Cornus obliqua 

Cornus racemosa 

Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 

Securigera varia 


Crataegus crus-galli 

Crataegus coccinioides 

Crataegus macrosperma 


Crataegus pruinosa 

Crataegus succulenta 

Crataegus persimilis 

Crataegus pruinosa 

Cuscuta pentagona var. pentagona 

Cynanchum louiseae 

Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale 

Cyperus squarrosus 

Cyperus odoratus 

Cyperus odoratus 

Cyperus lupulinus ssp. macilentus 

Cyperus squarrosus 

Cyperus lupulinus ssp. macilentus 

Cyperus bipartitus 

Cypripedium pubescens var. pubescens 

Cypripedium pubescens var. makasin 

Cypripedium pubescens var. pubescens 

Cystopteris tenuis 

Cystopteris protrusa 

Coeloglossum viride var. virescens 

Lycopodium dendroideum 

Lycopodium hickeyi 

65


OLD NAME 

Dendrolycopodium obscurum 

Dentaria diphylla 

Dentaria laciniata 

Deschampsia flexuosa 

Desmodium dillenii 

Desmodium paniculatum var. dillenii 

Diarrhena americana var. obovata 

Dichanthelium acuminatum ssp. acuminatum 

Dioscorea quaternata 

Diphasiastrum complanatum 

Diphasiastrum digitatum 

Diphasiastrum tristachyum 

Diphasiastrum X sabinifolium 

Diplachne acuminata 

Diplazium acrostichoides 

Dipsacus sylvestris 

Disporum lanuginosum 

Draba lanceolata 

Dryopteris austriaca var. intermedia 

Dryopteris austriaca var. spinulosa 

Dryopteris spinulosa 

Dryopteris thelypteris 

Echinacea angustifolia 

Echinochloa crusgalli 

Echinochloa microstachya 

Echinochloa pungens 

Echinochloa pungens var. microstachya 

Echinochloa wiegandii 

Eclipta alba 

Eleocharis calva 

Eleocharis caribaea 

Eleocharis olivacea 

Eleocharis pauciflora 

Eleocharis smallii 

Eleocharis tenuis var. borealis 

Elymus arenarius 

Elymus canadensis var. wiegandii 

Elymus elongatus 

Elymus smithii 

Elytrigia dasystachya 

Elytrigia elongata 

Elytrigia smithii 

Endolepis dioica 

Epilobium angustifolium 

Epilobium glandulosum 

Epilobium palustre var. gracile 


Lycopodium obscurum 

Cardamine diphylla 

Cardamine concatenata 

Avenella flexuosa 

Desmodium perplexum 

Desmodium perplexum 

Diarrhena obovata 

Dichanthelium acuminatum var. lindheimeri 

Dioscorea villosa 

Lycopodium complanatum 

Lycopodium digitatum 

Lycopodium tristachyum 

Lycopodium sabinifolium 

Leptochloa fusca ssp. fascicularis 


Dipsacus fullonum ssp. sylvestris 

Prosartes lanuginosa 

Draba breweri var. cana 

Dryopteris intermedia 

Dryopteris carthusiana 

Dryopteris carthusiana 

Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens 

Echinacea pallida 

Echinochloa crus-galli 

Echinochloa muricata var. microstachya 

Echinochloa muricata var. muricata 



Eclipta prostrata 

Eleocharis erythropoda 

Eleocharis geniculata 

Eleocharis flavescens var. olivacea 

Eleocharis quinqueflora 

Eleocharis palustris 

Eleocharis elliptica 

Leymus arenarius 

Elymus wiegandii 



Elymus lanceolatus ssp. psammophilus 



Atriplex suckleyi 

Chamerion angustifolium ssp. circumvagum 

Epilobium ciliatum ssp. glandulosum 

Epilobium leptophyllum 

66


OLD NAME 

Eragrostis multicaulis 

Eragrostis poaeoides 

Erechtities hieracifolia 

Erigeron canadensis 

Eriocaulon septangulare 

Eriophorum alpinum 

Eriophorum spissum 

Eriophorum virdi-carinatum 

Erophila verna 

Euonymus alatus 

Euonymus atropurpureus 

Euonymus europaeus 

Euonymus obovatus 

Eupatoriadelphus maculatus 

Eupatoriadelphus purpureus 

Eupatorium coelestinum 

Eupatorium maculatum 

Eupatorium purpureum 

Eupatorium rugosum 

Euphorbia davidii 

Euphorbia glyptosperma 

Euphorbia maculata 

Euphorbia nutans 

Euphorbia obtusata 

Euphorbia polygonifolia 

Euphorbia serphyllifolia 

Euphorbia supina 

Euphorbia vermiculata 

Euthamia remota 

Fagopyrum sagittatum 

Festuca arundinacea 

Festuca brachyphylla 

Festuca brevipila 

Festuca canadensis 

Festuca capillata 

Festuca elatior 

Festuca elatior var. arundinacea 

Festuca longifolia 

Festuca obtusa 

Festuca octoflora 

Festuca pratensis 

Festuca tenuifolia 

Fimbristylis drummondii 

Fraxinus lanceolata 

Galinsoga ciliata 

Galium aparine ssp. spurium 

Gaura biennis 


Eragrostis pilosa var. pilosa 

Eragrostis minor 

Erechtites hieraciifolius var. hieraciifolius 

Conyza canadensis 

Eriocaulon aquaticum 

Trichophorum alpinum 

Eriophorum vaginatum 

Eriophorum viridicarinatum 

Draba verna 

Euonymus alata 

Euonymus atropurpurea var. atropurpurea 

Euonymus europaea 

Euonymus obovata 

Eutrochium maculatum var. maculatum 

Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum 

Conoclinium coelestinum 

Eutrochium maculatum var. maculatum 

Eutrochium purpureum var. purpureum 

Ageratina altissima var. altissima 

Euphorbia dentata var. dentata 

Chamaesyce glyptosperma 

Chamaesyce maculata 

Chamaesyce nutans 

Euphorbia spathulata 

Chamaesyce polygonifolia 

Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia 

Chamaesyce maculata 

Chamaesyce vermiculata 

Euthamia caroliniana 

Fagopyrum esculentum 

Schedonorus arundinaceus 

Festuca saximontana var. saximontana 

Festuca trachyphylla 

Festuca saximontana var. saximontana 

Festuca filiformis 

Schedonorus pratensis 


Festuca trachyphylla 

Festuca subverticillata 

Vulpia octoflora var. glauca 


Festuca filiformis 

Fimbristylis puberula var. puberula 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica 

Galinsoga quadriradiata 

Galium spurium 

Oenothera gaura 

67


OLD NAME 

Gaura biennis var. pitcheri 

Gentiana crinita 

Gentiana flavida 

Gentiana linearis var. rubricaulis 

Gerardia gattingeri 

Gerardia paupercula 

Gerardia purpurea 

Gerardia skinneriana 

Gerardia tenuifolia 

Glyceria pallida 

Gnaphalium macounii 

Gnaphalium margaritaceum 

Gnaphalium obtusifolium 

Gnaphalium sylvaticum 

Gnaphalium viscosum 

Gnapnalium purpureum 

Habenaria blephariglottis 

Habenaria clavellata 

Habenaria dilatata 

Habenaria flava var. berbiola 

Habenaria hookeri 

Habenaria hyperborea 

Habenaria lacera 

Habenaria leucophaea 

Habenaria obtusata 

Habenaria psycodes 

Habenaria viridis var. bracteata 

Hackelia americana 

Hedeoma hispidum 

Hedyotis canadensis 

Hedyotis longifolia 

Heleochloa schoenoides 

Helianthus annuus ssp. lenticularis 

Helianthus couplandii 

Helianthus laetiflorus var. subrhomboideus 

Helianthus maximilianii 

Helianthus rigidus ssp. subrhomboides 

Hemicarpha micrantha 

Hepatica acutiloba 

Hepatica americana 

Hepatica nobolis var. acuta 

Hepatica nobolis var. obtusa 

Heracleum lanatum 

Hesperostipa spartea 

Hibiscus palustris 

Hieracium canadense 

Hieracium canadense var. fasciculatum 


Oenothera filiformis 

Gentianopsis crinita 

Gentiana alba 

Gentiana rubricaulis 

Agalinis gattingeri 

Agalinis paupercula var. paupercula 

Agalinis purpurea 

Agalinis skinneriana 

Agalinis tenuifolia var. macrophylla 

Torreyochloa pallida var. pallida 

Pseudognaphalium macounii 

Anaphalis margaritacea 

Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium 

Omalotheca sylvatica 


Gamochaeta purpurea 

Platanthera blephariglottis var. blephariglottis 

Platanthera clavellata 

Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata 

Platanthera flava var. herbiola 

Platanthera hookeri 

Platanthera huronensis 

Platanthera lacera 

Platanthera leucophaea 

Platanthera obtusata 

Platanthera psycodes 

Coeloglossum viride var. virescens 

Hackelia deflexa var. americana 

Hedeoma hispida 

Houstonia canadensis 

Houstonia longifolia 

Crypsis schoenoides 

Helianthus annuus 

Helianthus petiolaris ssp. petiolaris 

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus 

Helianthus maximiliani 

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus 

Lipocarpha micrantha 

Anemone acutiloba 

Anemone americana 

Anemone acutiloba 

Anemone americana 

Heracleum maximum 

Hesperostipa spartea 

Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. moscheutos 

Hieracium umbellatum 


68


OLD NAME 

Hieracium florentinum 

Hieracium floribundum 

Hieracium groenlandicum 

Hieracium kalmii 

Hieracium lachenalii 

Hieracium pratense 

Hieracium scabriusculum 

Hierochloe hirta 

Hymenoxys acaulis 

Hymenoxys herbacea 

Hypericum mutilum ssp. boreale 

Hypericum mutilum var. parviflorum 

Hypericum pyramidatum 

Hypericum spathulatum 

Hypericum virginicum 

Hypericum virginicum var. fraseri 

Hypopitys monotropa 

Hystrix patula 

Impatiens biflora 

Isanthus brachiatus 

Isoetes macrospora 

Isoetes muricata 

Isopyrum biternatum 

Iva xanthifolia 

Juncus alpinus 

Juncus arcticus var. littoralis 

Juncus biflorus 

Juncus effusus var. pylaei 

Juncus marginatus var. odoratus 

Juncus tenuis var. anthelatus 

Juncus tenuis var. dudleyi 

Koeleria cristata 

Koeleria pyramidata 

Lactuca muralis 

Lactuca scariola 

Lathyrus maritimus 

Lechea leggettii 

Lechea mucronata 

Leontodon nudicaulis ssp. taraxacoides 

Leontodon palustris 

Leontodon taraxacoides 

Leptochloa acuminata 

Leptochloa fascicularis var. fascicularis 

Leptoloma cognatum 

Lilium trigrinum 

Linaria canadensis 

Linaria genistifolia ssp. dalmatica 


Hieracium piloselloides 

Hieracium X floribundum 

Hieracium vulgatum 


Hieracium vulgatum 

Hieracium caespitosum 


Anthoxanthum hirtum 

Tetraneuris herbacea 

Tetraneuris herbacea 

Hypericum boreale 

Hypericum mutilum 

Hypericum ascyron 

Hypericum prolificum 

Triadenum virginicum 

Triadenum fraseri 

Monotropa hypopithys 

Elymus hystrix 

Impatiens capensis 

Trichostema brachiatum 

Isoetes lacustris 

Isoetes tenella 

Enemion biternatum 

Cyclachaena xanthifolia 

Juncus alpinoarticulatus 

Juncus balticus 

Juncus marginatus 

Juncus pylaei 

Juncus marginatus 

Juncus anthelatus 

Juncus dudleyi 

Koeleria macrantha 

Koeleria macrantha 

Mycelis muralis 

Lactuca serriola 

Lathyrus japonicus var. japonicus 

Lechea pulchella var. moniliformis 

Lechea mucronata 

Leontodon saxatilis ssp. saxatilis 

Taraxacum palustre 

Leontodon saxatilis ssp. saxatilis 



Digitaria cognata 

Lilium lancifolium 

Nuttallanthus canadensis 

Linaria dalmatica ssp. dalmatica 

69


OLD NAME 

Lindernia anagallidea 

Linnaea borealis ssp. americana 

Lippia lanceolata 

Lithospermum croceum 

Littorella americana 

Lolium arundinaceum 

Lolium perenne var. aristatum 

Lolium pratense 

Lotus corniculata 

Ludwigia palustris var. americana 

Lychnis alba 

Lychnis chalcedonica 

Lychnis coronaria 

Lychnis flos-cuculi 

Lycium halimifolium 

Lycopodium clavatum var. monostachyon 

Lycopodium complanatum var. flabelliforme 

Lycopodium flabelliforme 

Lycopodium inundatum 

Lycopodium lucidulum 

Lycopodium obscurum var. dendroideum 

Lycopodium obscurum var. isophyllum 

Lycopodium obscurum var. obscurum 

Lycopodium selago ssp. selago 

Lycopsis arvensis 

Lythrum hyssopifolium 

Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda 

Malus domestica 

Matricaria maritima ssp. maratima 

Matricaria maritima var. agrestis 

Matricaria maritima var. inodora 

Matricaria matricarioides 

Matricaria perforata 

Matricaria recutita 

Medicago x varia 

Megalodonta beckii 

Melilotus alba 

Melilotus officinalis 

Micranthes virginiensis 

Minuartia stricta 

Mirabilis hirsuta 

Myosotis verna var. macrosperma 

Myrica asplenifolia 

Myrica pensylvanica 

Myriophyllum exalbescens 

Nabalus racemosus 

Naumburgia thyrsiflora 


Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea 

Linnaea borealis var. borealis 

Phyla lanceolata 

Lithospermum caroliniense var. croceum 

Littorella uniflora 


Lolium multiflorum 


Lotus corniculatus 

Ludwigia palustris 

Silene latifolia 

Silene chalcedonica 

Silene coronaria 

Silene flos-cuculi ssp. flos-cuculi 

Lycium barbarum 

Lycopodium lagopus 



Lycopodiella inundata 

Huperzia lucidula 

Lycopodium dendroideum 

Lycopodium hickeyi 

Lycopodium obscurum 

Huperzia selago 

Anchusa arvensis 

Lythrum hyssopifolia 

Malaxis brachypoda 

Malus pumila 

Tripleurospermum inodorum 



Matricaria discoidea 


Matricaria chamomilla 

Medicago sativa ssp. sativa 

Bidens beckii 

Melilotus albus 

Melilotus albus 

Saxifraga virginiensis var. virginiensis 

Minuartia michauxii 

Mirabilis albida 

Myosotis macrosperma 

Comptonia peregrina 

Morella pensylvanica 

Myriophyllum sibiricum 

Prenanthes racemosa 

Lysimachia thyrsiflora 

70


OLD NAME 

Nelumbo pentapetala 

Neobeckia aquatica 

Nuphar advena 

Nuphar advenum 

Nuphar microphylla 

Nuphar odorata 

Nuphar pumila 

Nuphar variegata 

Nuphar variegatum 

Nymphaea tuberosa 

Oenothera biennis var. canescens 

Oenothera cruciata 

Oenothera parviflora var. oakesiana 

Oligoneuron album 

Oligoneuron houghtonii 

Oligoneuron ohioense 

Oligoneuron riddellii 

Oligoneuron rigidum var. rigidum 

Onosmodium bejariense var. hispidissimum 

Ophioglossum vulgatum 

Ophioglossum vulgatum var. pseudopodum 

Orchis rotundifolia 

Orchis spectabilis 

Oryzopsis pungens 

Oryzopsis racemosa 

Osmorhiza berterii 

Osmorhiza chilensis 

Oxalis acetosella 

Oxalis acetosella ssp. montana 

Oxalis europaea 

Oxalis fontana 

Oxybanphus albidus 

Oxybanphus hirsutus 

Oxybanphus nyctaginea 

Panicum acuminatum var. densiflorum 

Panicum boreale 

Panicum clandestinum 

Panicum depauperatum 

Panicum dichotomum 

Panicum lanuginosum var. lindheimeri 

Panicum latifolium 

Panicum latifolium var. clandestinum 

Panicum leibergii 

Panicum lindheimeri 

Panicum linearifolium 

Panicum oligosanthes 

Panicum perlongum 


Nelumbo lutea 

Rorippa aquatica 

Nuphar lutea ssp. advena 

Nuphar lutea ssp. advena 

Nuphar lutea ssp. pumila 

Nymphaea odorata ssp. odorata 

Nuphar lutea ssp. pumila 

Nuphar lutea ssp. viriegata 

Nuphar lutea ssp. viriegata 

Nymphaea odorata ssp. tuberosa 

Oenothera villosa ssp. villosa 

Oenothera parviflora 

Oenothera oakesiana 


Solidago houghtonii 

Solidago ohioensis 

Solidago riddellii 

Solidago rigida ssp. rigida 

Onosmodium molle ssp. hispidissimum 

Ophioglossum pusillum 

Ophioglossum pusillum 

Amerorchis rotundifolia 

Galearis spectabilis 

Piptatherum pungens 

Piptatherum racemosum 

Osmorhiza berteroi 

Osmorhiza berteroi 

Oxalis montana 

Oxalis montana 

Oxalis stricta 

Oxalis stricta 



Mirabilis nyctaginea 

Dichanthelium acuminatum var. densiflorum 

Dichanthelium boreale 

Dichanthelium clandestinum 

Dichanthelium depauperatum 

Dichanthelium dichotomum var. dichotomum 


Dichanthelium latifolium 

Dichanthelium clandestinum 

Dichanthelium leibergii 


Dichanthelium linearifolium 

Dichanthelium oligosanthes ssp. oligosanthes 

Dichanthelium perlongum 

71


OLD NAME 

Panicum philadelphicum ssp. gattingeri 

Panicum rigidulum 

Panicum scribnerianum 

Panicum sphaerocarpon 

Panicum spretum 

Panicum xanthophysum 

Parthenocissus inserta 

Paspalum ciliatifolium 

Pentaphylloides floribunda 

Petalostemum purpureum 

Petasites palmatus 

Petunia X hybrida 

Photinia melanocarpa 

Phyllitis scolopendrium var. americanum 

Physalis subglabrata 

Picris echioides 

Plagiobothrys scouleri var. hispidulus 

Plantago arenaria 

Plantago indica 

Platanthera hyperborea 

Platanthera hyperborea var. huronensis 

Platanthera orbiculata var. macrophylla 

Platanthera orbiculata var. orbiculata 

Platanthera X media 

Platanus X acerifolia 

Poa canbyi 

Polanisia graveolens 

Polygaloides paucifolia 

Polygonatum canaliculatum 

Polygonatum commutatum 

Polygonum amphibium 

Polygonum arenastrum 

Polygonum arifolium 

Polygonum articulatum 

Polygonum aviculare var. littorale 

Polygonum bellardii 

Polygonum buxiforme 

Polygonum careyi 

Polygonum cespitosum var. longisetum 

Polygonum cilinode 

Polygonum convolvulus 

Polygonum cuspidatum 

Polygonum dumetorum 

Polygonum hydropiper 

Polygonum hydropiperoides 

Polygonum lapathifolium 

Polygonum neglectum 


Panicum gattingeri 

Coleataenia longifolia ssp. rigidula 

Dichanthelium oligosanthes ssp. scribnerianum 

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon var. sphaerocarpon 

Dichanthelium acuminatum var. densiflorum 

Dichanthelium xanthophysum 

Parthenocissus inserta 

Paspalum setaceum 

Dasiphora fruticosa 

Dalea purpurea var. purpurea 

Petasites frigidus var. palmatus 

Petunia X atkinsiana 

Aronia melanocarpa 

Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum 

Physalis longifolia var. subglabrata 

Helminthotheca echioides 

Plagiobothrys hispidulus 

Plantago psyllium 

Plantago psyllium 

Platanthera aquilonis 


Platanthera macrophylla 

Platanthera orbiculata 


Platanus hybrida 

Poa secunda ssp. secunda 

Polanisia dodecandra ssp. dodecandra 

Polygala paucifolia 

Polygonatum biflorum 

Polygonatum biflorum 

Persicaria amphibia var. emersa 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. depressum 

Persicaria arifolia 

Polygonella articulata 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. buxiforme 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. neglectum 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. buxiforme 

Persicaria careyi 

Persicaria longiseta 

Fallopia cilinodis 

Fallopia convolvulus 

Fallopia japonica var. japonica 

Fallopia dumetorum 

Persicaria hydropiper 

Persicaria hydropiperoides 

Persicaria lapathifolia 

Polygonum aviculare ssp. neglectum 

72


OLD NAME 

Polygonum orientale 

Polygonum pensylvanicum 

Polygonum persicaria 

Polygonum punctatum 

Polygonum sachalinense 

Polygonum sagittatum 

Polygonum scandens 

Polygonum virginianum 

Polypodium vulgare 

Polystichum braunii ssp. purshii 

Potamogeton berchtoldii 

Potamogeton diversifolius var. trichophyllus 

Potamogeton filiformis 

Potamogeton longiligulatus 

Potamogeton pectinatus 

Potamogeton pusillum 

Potamogeton X hagstromii 

Potamogeton X subnitens 

Potentilla arguta 

Potentilla canescens 

Potentilla fruticosa ssp. floribunda 

Potentilla indica 

Potentilla palustris 

Potentilla tridentata 

Potentilla X inclinata 

Prenanthes racemosa ssp. multiflora 

Prunella vulgaris 

Prunus pumila var. cuneata 

Pseudognaphalium viscosum (miss applied) 

Pteretis pensylvanica 

Puccinellia fernaldii 

Puccinellia pallida 

Pycnanthemum verticillatum var. pilosum 

Pyrola rotundifolia var. americana 

Pyrola secunda 

Pyrola uniflora 

Pyrola virens 

Pyrus coronaria 

Pyrus malus 

Quercus borealis 

Quercus muhlenbergii 

Quercus X hawkinsii 

Ranunculus ficaria ssp. bulbifera 

Ranunculus longirostris 

Ranunculus reptans 

Ranunculus septentrionalis 

Ranunculus subrigidus 


Persicaria orientalis 

Persicaria pensylvanica 

Persicaria maculosa 

Persicaria punctata 

Fallopia sachalinensis 

Persicaria sagittata 

Fallopia scandens 

Persicaria virginiana 

Polypodium virginianum 

Polystichum braunii 

Potamogeton pusillus ssp. tenuissimus 

Potamogeton bicupulatus 

Stuckenia filiformis ssp. occidentalis 

Potamogeton X haynesii 

Stuckenia pectinata 

Potamogeton pusillus ssp. pusillus 

Potamogeton X hagstroemii 

Potamogeton X nitens 

Drymocallis arguta 

Potentilla inclinata 

Dasiphora fruticosa 

Duchesnea indica 

Comarum palustre 

Sibbaldiopsis tridentata 

Potentilla inclinata 

Prenanthes racemosa 

Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata 

Prunus pumila var. susquehanae 


Matteuccia struthiopteris 

Torreyochloa pallida var. fernaldii 

Torreyochloa pallida var. pallida 

Pycnanthemum pilosum 

Pyrola americana 

Orthilia secunda 

Moneses uniflora 

Pyrola chlorantha 

Malus coronaria 

Malus pumila 

Quercus rubra var. rubra 

Quercus muehlenbergii 

Quercus X hawkinsiae 

Ranunculus ficaria 

Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus 

Ranunculus flammula var. reptans 

Ranunculus hispidus var. caricetorum 


73


OLD NAME 

Ranunculus trichophyllus 

Rhamnus frangula 

Rheum rhaponticum 

Rhododendron groenlandicum 

Rhus copallina 

Rhus radicans 

Rhus radicans ssp. rydbergii 

Rhus typhina 

Rhus vernix 

Ribes odoratum 

Ribes sativum 

Rorippa islandica var. fernaldiana 

Rorippa islandica var. hispida 

Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum 

Rorippa nasturtium-officinale 

Rosa alcea 

Rosa corymbifera 

Rosa eglanteria 

Rosa rubiginosa 

Rubus idaeus ssp. melanolasius 

Rubus strigosus 

Rubus X neglectus 

Rudbeckia hirta 

Rudbeckia serotina 

Rumex acetosa ssp. thyrsiflorus 

Rumex domesticus 

Rumex maritimus 

Rumex maxicanus 

Rumex orbiculatus 

Rumex salicifolius ssp. triangulivalvis 

Rumex X crispo-obtusifolius 

Sagittaria graminea var. cristata 

Sagittaria heterophylla 

Salix alba var. vitellina cv. Pendula 

Salix balsamifera 

Salix euxina 

Salix exigua 

Salix glaucophylloides 

Salix gracilis 

Salix rigida 

Salix syrticola 

Salsola atriplicifolia 

Salsola kali var. tenuifolia 

Salsola pestifer 

Sambucus pubens 

Samolus floribundus 

Samolus parviflorus 



Frangula alnus 

Rheum rhabarbarum 

Ledum groenlandicum 

Rhus copallinum var. latifolia 

Toxicodendron radicans ssp. negundo 

Toxicodendron rydbergii 

Rhus hirta 

Toxicodendron vernix 

Ribes aureum var. villosum 

Ribes rubrum 

Rorippa palustris ssp. palustris 

Rorippa palustris ssp. hispida 

Nasturtium officinale 

Nasturtium officinale 

Rosa arkansana 

Rosa canina 

Rosa rubiginosa var. rubiginosa 

Rosa rubiginosa var. rubiginosa 

Rubus sachalinensis var. sachalinensis 



Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima 

Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima 

Rumex thyrsiflorus 

Rumex longifolius 

Rumex fueginus 

Rumex triangulivalvis 

Rumex britannica 

Rumex triangulivalvis 

Rumex X pratensis 

Sagittaria cristata 

Sagittaria rigida 

Salix X sepulcralis 

Salix pyrifolia 

Salix fragilis 

Salix interior 

Salix myricoides 

Salix petiolaris 

Salix eriocephala 

Salix cordata 

Cycloloma atriplicifolium 

Salsola tragus 

Salsola tragus 

Sambucus racemosa var. pubens 

Samolus valerandi 

Samolus valerandi 

74


OLD NAME 

Sanicula gregaria 

Saponaria vaccaria 

Satureja acinos 

Satureja arkansana 

Satureja vulgaris 

Saxifraga virginiensis 

Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. scoparium 

Schoenoplectus fluviatilis 

Scirpus acutus 

Scirpus americanus 

Scirpus atrovirens var. viviparus 

Scirpus atrovirens var. georgianus 

Scirpus cespitosus 

Scirpus clintonii 

Scirpus cyperinus var. brachypodus 

Scirpus cyperinus var. pedicellatus 

Scirpus fluviatilis 

Scirpus heterochaetus 

Scirpus hudsonianus 

Scirpus lacustris var. tenuiculmis 

Scirpus maritimus 

Scirpus planifolius 

Scirpus pungens 

Scirpus purshianus 

Scirpus rubrotinctus 

Scirpus smithii 

Scirpus subterminalis 

Scirpus tabernaemontani 

Scirpus torreyi 

Scirpus validus 

Scirpus verecundus 

Scutellaria epilobiifolia 

Scutellaria parvula var. leonardii 

Sedum pupureum 

Selaginella apoda 

Senecio aureus 

Senecio obovatus 

Senecio pauperculus 

Senecio plattensis 

Setaria glauca 

Setaria lutescens 

Silene cucubalus 

Silene pratensis 

Sisymbrium murale 

Sisymbrium tenuifolium 

Sisyrinchium bermudiana 

Sisyrinchium graminoides 


Sanicula odorata 

Vaccaria hispanica 

Acinos arvensis 

Clinopodium glabrum 

Clinopodium vulgare 

Saxifraga virginiensis var. virginiensis 

Schizachyrium scoparium var. scoparium 

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis 

Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus 

Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens 

Scirpus hattorianus 

Scirpus georgianus 

Trichophorum cespitosum 

Trichophorum clintonii 

Scirpus atrocinctus 

Scirpus pedicellatus 

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis 

Schoenoplectus heterochaetus 

Trichophorum alpinum 

Schoenoplectus heterochaetus 

Bolboschoenus maritimus ssp. maritimus 

Trichophorum planifolium 

Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens 

Schoenoplectus purshianus var. purshianus 

Scirpus microcarpus 

Schoenoplectus smithii var. smithii 

Schoenoplectus subterminalis 

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani 

Schoenoplectus torreyi 

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani 

Trichophorum planifolium 

Scutellaria galericulata 

Scutellaria parvula var. missouriensis 

Hylotelephium telephium ssp. telephium 

Selaginella eclipes 

Packera aurea 

Packera obovata 

Packera paupercula 

Packera plattensis 

Setaria pumila 

Setaria pumila 

Silene vulgaris 

Silene latifolia 

Diplotaxis muralis 

Diplotaxis tenuifolia 

Sisyrinchium angustifolium 

Sisyrinchium angustifolium 

75


OLD NAME 

Smilacina racemosa 

Smilacina stellata 

Smilacina trifolia 

Smilax ecirrata 

Smilax hispida 

Solanum sarrachoides 

Solidago asteroides 

Solidago canadensis var. scabra 

Solidago glutinosa 

Solidago glutinosa var. ontarioensis 

Solidago graminifolia 

Solidago gymnospermoides 

Solidago hispida var. tonsa 

Solidago petiolaris 

Solidago pubens 

Solidago simplex ssp. randii var. monticola 

Sonchus arvensis var. glabrescens 

Sorghum sudanense 

Sparganium chlorocarpum 

Sparganium minimum 

Sparganium multipedunculatum 

Specularia perfoliata 

Spergula arvense 

Spergularia marina 

Spergularia maritima 

Sphenopholis obtusata var. major 

Spinulum annotinum 

Spiraea latifolia 

Spiranthes X intermedia 

Sporobolus asper 

Sporobolus ozarkanus 

Stachys palustris ssp. arenicola 

Stachys palustris ssp. palustris 

Stachys palustris var. homotricha 

Stachys tenuifolia var. hispida 

Stellaria aquatica 

Stellaria media ssp. pallida 

Streptopus roseus 

Strophostyles helvula 

Suaeda americana 

Suaeda depressa 

Swertia caroliniensis 

Symphyotrichum ontarione 

Taraxacum laevigatum 

Taraxacum laevigatum var. erythrospermum 

Taraxacum turfosum 

Teucrium canadense L. var. boreale 


Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum 

Maianthemum stellatum 

Maianthemum trifolium 

Smilax ecirrata 

Smilax tamnoides 

Solanum physalifolium 


Solidago altissima ssp. altissima 

Solidago simplex var. ontarioensis 


Euthamia graminifolia 

Euthamia caroliniana 

Solidago hispida 

Solidago squarrosa 

Solidago bicolor 


Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus 

Sorghum X drummondii 

Sparganium emersum 

Sparganium natans 

Sparganium angustifolium 

Triodanis perfoliata 

Spergula arvensis 

Spergularia salina 

Spergularia media var. media 

Sphenopholis intermedia 

Lycopodium annotinum 

Spiraea alba var. latifolia 

Spiranthes casei var. casei 

Sporobolus compositus var. compositus 

Sporobolus vaginiflorus var. ozarkanus 

Stachys pilosa var. arenicola 

Stachys palustris 

Stachys pilosa var. pilosa 

Stachys hispida 

Myosoton aquaticum 

Stellaria pallida 

Streptopus lanceolatus var. lanceolatus 

Strophostyles helvola 

Suaeda calceoliformis 

Suaeda calceoliformis 

Frasera caroliniensis 

Symphyotrichum ontarionis var. ontarionis 

Taraxacum erythrospermum 

Taraxacum erythrospermum 

Taraxacum palustre 

Teucrium canadense var. occidentale 

76


OLD NAME 

Teucrium canadense ssp. viscidum 

Thalictrum polygamum 

Thelypteris hexagonoptera 

Thelypteris phegopteris 

Thelypteris thelypterioides 

Thymus arcticus 

Thymus serpyllum 

Tofieldia glutinosa 

Tofieldia glutinosa ssp. glutinosa 

Torreyochloa fernaldii 

Tovara virginiana 

Triantha occidentalis ssp. brevistyla 

Trifolium agrarium 

Trifolium procumbens 

Triglochin maritimum 

Triglochin palustre 

Tripleurospermum perforata 

Ulmus campestris 

Urtica gracilis 

Urtica procera 

Utricularia vulgaris 

Vaccaria pyramidata 

Valeriana ciliata 

Valeriana edulis 

Valeriana sitchensis 

Verbena X paniculatistricta 

Vernonia altissima 

Veronica austriaca ssp. teucrium 

Veronica catenata 

Veronica comosa 

Viburnum alnifolium 

Viburnum cassinoides 

Viburnum dentatum var. lucidum 

Viburnum trilobum 

Vicia angustifolia 

Vincetoxicum hirundinaria 

Vincetoxicum medium 

Vincetoxicum nigrum 

Viola fimbriatula 

Viola incognita 

Viola kitaibeliana 

Viola pallens 

Viola papilionacea 

Viola penslyvanica 

Viola rafinesquii 

Viola triloba 

Viola triloba var. dilatata 


Teucrium canadense var. occidentale 

Thalictrum pubescens 

Phegopteris hexagonoptera 

Phegopteris connectilis 

Thelypteris noveboracensis 

Thymus praecox ssp. arcticus 

Thymus pulegioides 



Torreyochloa pallida var. fernaldii 

Persicaria virginiana 


Trifolium aureum 

Trifolium campestre 

Triglochin maritima 

Triglochin palustre 


Ulmus glabra 

Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis 

Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis 

Utricularia vulgaris ssp. macrorhiza 

Vaccaria hispanica 

Valeriana edulis var. ciliata 

Valeriana edulis var. ciliata 

Valeriana sitchensis ssp. uliginosa 

Verbena X rydbergii 

Vernonia gigantea 

Veronica teucrium 

Veronica anagallis-aquatica 

Veronica anagallis-aquatica 

Viburnum lantanoides 

Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides 

Viburnum recognitum 

Viburnum opulus var. americanum 

Vicia sativa ssp. nigra 

Cynanchum rossicum 

Cynanchum rossicum 

Cynanchum louiseae 

Viola sagittata var. ovata 

Viola blanda var. palustriformis 

Viola bicolor 

Viola macloskeyi ssp. pallens 

Viola sororia 

Viola pubescens var. scabriuscula 

Viola bicolor 

Viola palmata 

Viola palmata 

77


OLD NAME 

Viola X palmata 

Virgulus ericoides 

Virgulus novae-angliae 

Wolffia punctata 

Zigadenus elegans 

Zigadenus glaucus 

Zosterella dubia 


Viola palmata 

Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides 

Symphyotrichum novae-angliae 

Wolffia borealis 



Heteranthera dubia 

78

Southern Ontario Vascular Plant Species List - Conservation Ontario

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