Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n. (Polynoidae: Polynoinae) commensal with sponges from Weijia Guyot, western Pacific
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Abstract: Ceuthonoe, a new genus with type species C. nezhai sp. n. commensal with euplectellid glass sponge (Hexactinellida: Euplectellidae), is described and illustrated, based on the material collected from Weijia Guyot, western Pacific. The new genus is distinguished by a combination of characters: body with 32 segments; 14 pairs of elytra; prostomium with prominent cephalic peaks and facial tubercle; aciculae and chaetae on tentaculophores; biramous parapodium, each ramus with a long aciculum penetrating epidermis, without supra- or subacicular process; and noto- and neurochaetae with unidentate tips. Ceuthonoe gen. n. is mostly silimar to genera of Polynoinae in morphology. However the phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S, 18S, and 28S genes suggested that this new genus was separated from the main branch of Polynoinae. The study also discussed the genera related to the new genus.
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Key words:
- new genus /
- new species /
- Polynoidae /
- taxonomy
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Figure 1. Phylogeny of polynoids based on the concatenated alignments of four genes using BI and ML analyses, imposed on the consensus ML tree. Node supports are shown as ML bootstrap values (BP, above) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP, below). Nodes not recovered in the BI analysis are marked with --.
Figure 2. Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n.: Holotype, dorsal view (a), Paratype, ventral view (b), Elytra from Segment 2 (c), Appendages of prostomium from holotype and paratype (d and e), Dorsal view of prostomium (first pair of elytra removed) (f) Median segments, ventral view (g), anal segment, dorsal and ventral view (h and i), Dorsal cirrus (j), Lateral antenna (k), Dorsal view of jaws from paratype (l), and Parapodium of Segment 8, end view (m). dc: dorsal cirrus, dtc: dorsal tentacular cirrus, ep: eltrophore, ft: facial tubercle, laa: lateral antenna, lac: lateral antenna ceratophore, mac: median antenna ceratophore, np: nephridial papilla, pal: palp, vc: ventral cirrus, vtc: ventral tentacular cirrus, 2vc: ventral cirrus on Segment 2, and 3vc: ventral cirrus on Segment 3. Scale bars: 2.0 mm (a, b, k), 0.2 mm (c–e), 0.5 mm (f–j), and 1.0 mm (m).
Figure 3. Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n. Holotype. a. Prostomium, b. Parapodium of Segment 8 (chaetae omitted), end view, c. Tubercles on elytra, d. Elytra, e. Notochaeta and detailed view, f. Notoacicula, and g. Neurochaeta and detailed view. e–g are views under light microscope. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (a–d), 0.1 mm (e–g).
Table 1. List of taxa included in the phylogenetic analysis including the NCBI accession number
Family Subfamily Taxon 18S 28S 16SrRNA COI Acoetidae Panthalis oerstedi AY839572 JN852845 JN852881 AY839584 Iphionidae Iphione sp. JN852819 — JN852886 JN852921 Thermiphione sp. JN852820 JN852849 JN852887 JN852922 Polynoidae Polynoinae Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n. — MW063140 MW063141 MW064265 Polynoinae Acholoe astericola AY839567 JN852850 JN852888 AY839576 Lepidastheniinae Alentia gelatinosa AY839566 — — AY839577 Polynoinae Antarctinoe ferox MG905039 — MG905033 KJ676611.1 Polynoinae Antinoe aequiseta — — — MH337356.1 Polynoinae Antipathipolyeunoa sp. KU738169 KU738184 KU738149 KU738202.1 Polynoinae Austrolaenilla antarctica — — KJ676606 KJ676627.1 Macellicephalinae Bathykurila guaymasensis DQ074765 — MG905034 DQ074766 Macellicephalinae Branchinotogluma sandersi JN852821 JN852851 JN852889 JN852923 Macellicephalinae Branchipolynoe symmytilida — — AF315055 AY646021 Polynoinae Brychionoe sp. KU738182 KU738200 KU738167 — Polynoinae Bylgides elegans JN852822 JN852852 JN852890 JN852924 Polynoinae Bylgides sarsi JN852823 JN852853 JN852891 JN852925 Arctonoinae Capitulatinoe cf. cupisetis KF919301 KF919302 KF919303 — Polynoinae Enipo torelli — HQ023831 — HQ023480.1 Polynoinae Eunoe nodosa JN852824 JN852854 JN852892 JN852926 Polynoinae Gastrolepidia clavigera JN852825 JN852855 JN852893 JN852927 Polynoinae Gattyana ciliata AY894297 DQ790035 — AY894312 Polynoinae Gattyana cirrhosa JN852826 JN852856 JN852894 JN852928 Macellicephalinae Gesiella jameensis Ky454403 Ky823476 Ky454412 Ky454429 Polynoinae Gorgoniapolynoe corralophila KU738173 KU738189 KU738154 KU738208.1 Polynoinae Grubeopolynoe tuta — — — MF121411.1 Lepidonotinae Halosydnella australis KY823449 KY823463 KY823480 KY823495 Lepidonotinae Halosydna brevisetosa JN852827 JN852857 JN852895 AY894313 Polynoinae Harmothoe glabra JN852828 JN852858 JN852896 JN852929 Polynoinae Harmothoe imbricata AY340434 AY340400 AY340463 AY839580 Polynoinae Harmothoe impar JN852829 JN852859 JN852897 JN852930 Polynoinae Harmothoe oculinarium AY894299 JN852860 JN852898 AY894314 Polynoinae Hermadion truncata — — — MH242794.1 Lepidonotinae Hermenia verruculosa JN852830 JN852861 JN852899 JN852931 Lepidastheniinae Hyperhalosydna striata JN852831 JN852862 JN852900 JN852932 Polynoinae Intoshella dictyaulus MG519807 — — MG519808.1 Lepidastheniinae Lepidastenia elegans JN852832 JN852863 JN852901 JN852933 Lepidonotinae Lepidonotus clava JN852833 JN852864 JN852902 JN852934 Lepidonotinae Lepidonotus squamatus AY176290 JN852865 JN852903 AY894316 Polynoinae Leucia violacea — — — KX946860.1 Polynoinae Malmgreniella mcintoshi JN852834 JN852866 JN852904 JN852935 Polynoinae Melaneis loveni JN852835 JN852867 JN852905 JN852936 Polynoinae Neopolynoe acanellae MN653050 MN653123 MN653064 MN656076 Polynoinae Neopolynoe paradoxa JN852836 JN852868 JN852906 JN852937 Polynoinae Neopolynoe chondrocladiae MN653051 MN653124 MN653092 MN656104 Polynoinae Paradyte crinoidicola JN852837 JN852869 JN852907 JN852938 Polynoinae Paralepidonotus ampulliferus JN852838 AF185164 JN852908 JN852939 Macellicephalinae Pelagomacellicephala cf. iliffei 2 KY454408 KY823474 KY454420 KY454435 Macellicephalinae Pelagomacellicephala cf. iliffei 3 KY454411 KY823475 KY454428 KY454443 Macellicephalinae Pelagomacellicephala cf. iliffei 4 KY454405 — KY454416 KY454431 Polynoinae Polyeunoa laevis KF713424 KU738193 KF713464 KU738213.1 Polynoinae Polynoe scolopendrina JN852839 JN852870 JN852909 JN852940 Polynoinae Robertianella synophthalma MN653053 MN653126 MN653122 MN656132 Lepidonotinae Thormora jukesii JN852840 JN852871 JN852910 JN852941 Polynoinae ? Polynoidae sp. 2 ST 2019 MN653052 MN653125 MN653121 MN656131 Polynoinae Subadyte pellucida — — — KX946868.1 Sigalionidae Neoleanira tetragona AY839570 JN852872 JN852911 AY839582 Psammolyce sp. JN852843 JN852877 JN852916 — Sigalion bandaensis AB106254 AF185165 — AY583699 Sigalion spinosus AY894304 DQ790062 — AY894319 Sthenelais boa AY839575 DQ779711 DQ779635 AY839587 Sthenelais limicola JN852844 JN852878 — — Sthenelanella uniformis AY894306 DQ790064 — AY894322 Note: — means the sequence was not reported. 
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Table 2. Morphological comparison of Genera related to Ceuthonoe gen. n. Unless otherwise indicated, character information is from original descriptions and illustrations
No. Genus Num. of segments—
elytrae pairsFacial tubercle Chaetae on tentaculophore Cephalic peaks Bidentate tip of neurochaetae supraacicular process neuroacicula penetrating epidermis Symbiotic relations Ref. 1 Antarctinoe <50; 15 + + + − + + Barnich et al. (2006) 2 Australonoe* up to 39; 16 + + + + + ? Hanley (1993) 3 Bathynotalia* 21; 11 ? − + − − − Levenstein (1982) 4 Bylgides up to 38; 14/15 ? +/− + − + ? Pettibone (1993b) 5 Eucranta 38–40; 15 ? ? + + ? ? Uschakov (1982) 6 Eunoe 34–40; 15 ? +/− +/− − ? ? E. opalina commensal with Synallactida Uschakov (1982) 7 Gattyana 34–40; 15 ? +/− +/− − ? ? G. spp. commensal with other polychaetes Uschakov (1982) 8 Harmothoe up to 50; 15 + + + + + + H. spp. commensal with Alcyonacea, polychaete, decapod, Bivalve, Sponge Barnich et al. (2006) 9 Hermadion up to 50; 15 ? + − − − + Bock et al. (2010) 10 Hermenia 26; 12 + + − + − − Pettibone (1975) 11 Hololepidella >55; 20–55; less ? +/− + + ? ? commensal with Ochrophyta and Scleractinia Wehe (2006) 12 Intoshella up to 50; up to 23 − + − + + ? commensal with Holothuroid, Sponge Sui et al. (2019) 13 Leucia up to 50; 16 − + + + + + L. violacea commensal with Scleractinia Fiege and Barnich (2009) 14 Malmgreniella up to 46; 14/15 ? +/− − +/− + ? M. spp. commensal with Holothuroid, Ophiuroid, Polychaete, Sipunculid, Echinoid, Asteroid, Cnidarian, Balanoglossid, Decapod and Sponge Pettibone (1993a) 15 Neopolynoe up to 59; 15 − +/− + − + + N. acanellae commensal with Cnidarian and Sponge; N. paradoxa commensal with Cnidarian Bock et al. (2010) 16 Paralepidonotus 36–41; 15 + + − +/− +/− +/− Hanley (1991) 17 Parahalosydna reduced number of segments; 15 − − − − − ? Jirkov (2001) 18 Ceuthonoe gen. n. 32; 14 + + + − − + commensal with glass sponge Placopegma sp. this study Note: + indicates with, − indicates without, ? indicates unknown information, and * indicates monotypic genera. Symbiotic relations referencing to Martin and Britayev (1998, 2018).
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A1. GTR_corrrected distance between genera
Acholoe
astericolaAlentia
gelatinosaAntarctinoe
feroxAntinoe
aequisetaAntipathipoly-eunoa sp. Austrolaenilla
antarcticaBathykurila
guaymasensisBranchinotog-luma sandersi Branchipolynoe
symmytilidaBylgides
elegansEnipo
torelliAcholoe astericola Alentia gelatinosa 0.269 511 76 Antarctinoe ferox 0.231 803 84 0.240 436 13 Antinoe aequiseta 0.230 661 56 0.240 084 59 0.238 238 74 Antipathipolyeunoa sp. 0.223 309 43 0.224 370 71 0.196 251 31 0.200 569 18 Austrolaenilla antarctica 0.202 646 68 0.236 284 87 0.185 219 68 0.194 404 15 0.195 290 08 Bathykurila guaymasensis 0.274 921 18 0.337 522 95 0.287 268 84 0.287 884 17 0.294 589 25 0.270 288 77 Branchinotogluma sandersi 0.281 914 74 0.271 519 12 0.270 206 93 0.260 584 28 0.270 202 27 0.244 822 91 0.252 109 06 Branchipolynoe symmytilida 0.309 160 94 0.284 317 45 0.271 797 33 0.315 925 49 0.289 288 93 0.252 788 07 0.227 130 61 0.283 901 42 Bylgides elegans 0.226 497 14 0.226 630 04 0.211 128 53 0.222 389 21 0.220 205 22 0.186 782 59 0.299 272 87 0.246 542 57 0.319 554 30 Enipo torelli 0.214 481 27 0.267 762 17 0.221 269 04 0.177 320 96 0.237 277 14 0.201 776 54 0.300 720 36 0.255 073 55 0.347 967 32 0.198 563 52 Eunoe nodosa 0.197 076 00 0.266 600 16 0.199 355 95 0.167 388 09 0.179 691 39 0.183 210 39 0.277 403 25 0.236 569 86 0.298 012 57 0.219 793 65 0.173 788 99 Gastrolepidia clavigera 0.242 957 88 0.290 416 73 0.259 805 33 0.237 094 81 0.244 147 70 0.215 785 44 0.287 618 36 0.291 316 93 0.329 487 16 0.246 373 89 0.240 090 99 Gattyana cirrhosa 0.212 864 51 0.244 646 38 0.239 538 42 0.122 068 74 0.176 761 36 0.184 642 70 0.269 115 61 0.267 278 54 0.287 962 53 0.200 045 79 0.204 698 22 Gorgoniapolynoe corralophila 0.193 333 76 0.260 437 08 0.192 422 22 0.188 417 29 0.135 026 24 0.166 976 60 0.268 311 74 0.282 361 87 0.280 199 88 0.223 725 86 0.173 564 55 Grubeopolynoe tuta 0.220 858 89 0.267 683 01 0.198 286 67 0.195 345 06 0.195 528 71 0.175 008 95 0.288 466 02 0.241 374 59 0.303 052 61 0.188 509 19 0.165 281 12 Halosydna brevisetosa 0.246 788 18 0.238 669 65 0.242 028 98 0.233 554 11 0.245 726 78 0.230 254 20 0.301 610 36 0.249 249 98 0.296 928 61 0.227 365 33 0.234 313 35 Harmothoe glabra 0.192 352 03 0.244 530 07 0.216 255 57 0.191 693 62 0.209 978 24 0.184 001 30 0.280 242 77 0.275 991 52 0.294 245 75 0.170 236 82 0.214 601 17 Hermadion truncata 0.229 504 67 0.251 499 76 0.219 228 82 0.159 241 33 0.208 486 08 0.190 918 68 0.308 311 79 0.293 185 09 0.322 352 42 0.232 435 32 0.156 596 02 Hermenia verruculosa 0.305 168 84 0.269 749 68 0.256 179 24 0.295 978 15 0.281 563 30 0.282 018 94 0.344 430 19 0.280 998 35 0.337 009 88 0.291 506 20 0.284 984 95 Hyperhalosydna striata 0.273 750 83 0.231 817 83 0.235 834 70 0.278 617 54 0.244 322 85 0.241 693 28 0.307 256 22 0.264 947 19 0.309 317 45 0.235 659 74 0.268 375 32 Intoshella dictyaulus 0.194 629 57 0.265 175 37 0.216 771 35 0.221 247 99 0.189 103 76 0.196 123 93 0.279 661 45 0.281 273 84 0.268 856 26 0.215 814 17 0.197 426 94 Iphione sp. 0.316 665 68 0.361 590 51 0.331 609 20 0.334 787 72 0.317 127 13 0.306 283 23 0.299 539 01 0.309 792 58 0.294 255 56 0.383 103 97 0.344 926 36 Lepidasthenia elegans 0.258 976 51 0.227 797 27 0.207 000 92 0.243 207 28 0.212 362 65 0.178 575 62 0.285 072 42 0.277 965 74 0.300 226 39 0.237 199 40 0.259 237 35 Lepidonotus clava 0.247 554 50 0.242 824 25 0.208 851 81 0.243 305 83 0.213 591 09 0.187 816 39 0.288 998 41 0.277 081 70 0.305 522 14 0.233 925 37 0.261 132 73 Leucia violacea 0.194 010 48 0.243 055 26 0.226 959 85 0.194 385 23 0.166 102 50 0.175 617 13 0.260 462 13 0.246 952 91 0.297 629 16 0.209 694 44 0.186 552 32 Malmgreniella mcintoshi 0.232 223 17 0.246 995 25 0.202 821 73 0.185 027 50 0.193 855 30 0.158 548 82 0.285 923 59 0.275 636 02 0.318 913 51 0.201 501 20 0.198 394 53 Melaenis loveni 0.244 679 84 0.246 257 21 0.232 654 72 0.179 744 00 0.195 361 77 0.189 717 60 0.274 822 25 0.242 988 83 0.296 000 19 0.218 078 70 0.190 774 79 Neopolynoe paradoxa 0.211 068 22 0.287 160 42 0.187 489 18 0.213 484 61 0.204 421 34 0.170 350 44 0.290 913 03 0.258 700 07 0.277 083 64 0.210 487 41 0.177 050 14 Paradyte crinoidicola 0.207 096 61 0.276 264 54 0.216 611 69 0.187 294 12 0.169 536 94 0.185 016 15 0.258 660 71 0.243 733 42 0.281 107 32 0.185 766 25 0.213 930 20 Paralepidonotus ampulliferus 0.274 653 67 0.298 324 79 0.259 376 15 0.271 419 99 0.235 694 85 0.258 323 07 0.294 102 04 0.288 761 42 0.303 365 44 0.244 609 84 0.286 540 02 Polyeunoa laevis 0.258 812 32 0.261 462 18 0.186 313 11 0.190 165 03 0.171 548 02 0.221 625 88 0.287 715 35 0.264 763 76 0.312 900 01 0.221 275 26 0.240 161 40 Polynoe scolopendrina 0.230 075 01 0.232 860 97 0.227 610 52 0.245 412 48 0.246 152 12 0.216 098 89 0.304 536 93 0.288 410 09 0.294 613 49 0.234 203 21 0.233 852 75 Subadyte pellucida 0.204 346 96 0.260 655 32 0.240 490 63 0.235 773 84 0.219 236 64 0.217 392 50 0.301 267 81 0.313 934 90 0.305 682 76 0.236 602 34 0.243 015 01 Thermiphione sp. 0.283 893 21 0.249 393 81 0.255 527 20 0.294 418 02 0.277 039 43 0.248 392 38 0.300 535 92 0.291 855 58 0.288 677 19 0.285 407 60 0.272 284 18 Thormora jukesii 0.266 083 22 0.256 615 03 0.256 609 22 0.283 712 09 0.258 401 10 0.279 393 90 0.308 337 30 0.282 862 82 0.333 650 04 0.263 473 57 0.275 364 88 Ceuthonoe nezhai
gen. et sp. n.0.277 990 39 0.235 979 10 0.249 207 93 0.300 987 09 0.281 188 34 0.243 551 99 0.337 392 74 0.274 951 94 0.324 302 20 0.247 913 46 0.300 167 41 Gesiella jameensis 0.252 124 85 0.300 859 60 0.272 240 16 0.239 164 15 0.279 897 28 0.221 936 89 0.272 362 16 0.308 544 64 0.290 703 32 0.279 877 94 0.249 943 21 Pelagomacellicephala cf. iliffei 2 0.264 930 78 0.258 735 24 0.276 788 20 0.287 890 34 0.248 698 64 0.278 013 05 0.330 923 79 0.310 294 94 0.345 141 98 0.299 767 44 0.284 886 32 Halosydnella australis 0.252 941 22 0.234 158 89 0.244 374 41 0.236 259 02 0.242 185 79 0.256 159 53 0.288 168 04 0.237 212 48 0.267 194 41 0.237 171 24 0.251 627 76 Polynoidae sp. 2 ST 2019 0.253 565 13 0.247 879 10 0.231 397 79 0.287 037 04 0.257 491 59 0.256 217 50 0.302 787 53 0.285 703 69 0.284 474 27 0.253 523 10 0.271 653 55 Robertianella synophthalma 0.210 912 34 0.220 457 62 0.203 697 34 0.194 457 67 0.172 252 91 0.182 272 99 0.272 772 77 0.254 813 47 0.286 825 3 0.208 351 71 0.169 457 35
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Eunoe nodosa Gastrolepidia clavigera Gattyana cirrhosa Gorgonia-polynoe corralophila Grubeopolynoe tuta Halosydna brevisetosa Harmothoe glabra Hermadion truncata Hermenia verruculosa Hyperhalosydna striata Intoshella dictyaulus Acholoe astericola Alentia gelatinosa Antarctinoe ferox Antinoe aequiseta Antipathipolyeunoa sp. Austrolaenilla antarctica Bathykurila guaymasensis Branchinotogluma sandersi Branchipolynoe symmytilida Bylgides elegans Enipo torelli Eunoe nodosa Gastrolepidia clavigera 0.230 553 42 Gattyana cirrhosa 0.176 298 19 0.234 438 00 Gorgoniapolynoe corralophila 0.182 612 24 0.198 853 27 0.177 961 08 Grubeopolynoe tuta 0.184 155 78 0.221 042 24 0.182 638 65 0.204 819 49 Halosydna brevisetosa 0.252 711 79 0.286 497 41 0.253 979 65 0.236 245 97 0.247 410 81 Harmothoe glabra 0.191 495 70 0.248 724 62 0.187 712 73 0.175 291 04 0.203 279 96 0.253 316 97 Hermadion truncata 0.191 894 05 0.223 757 95 0.185 233 86 0.208 363 62 0.157 801 96 0.248 028 91 0.211 556 72 Hermenia verruculosa 0.286 394 57 0.313 060 00 0.296 280 09 0.276 232 50 0.250 622 43 0.267 142 73 0.315 345 25 0.269 289 63 Hyperhalosydna striata 0.260 873 72 0.277 651 58 0.249 057 91 0.260 622 67 0.223 436 46 0.221 559 62 0.270 354 62 0.256 691 90 0.251 614 99 Intoshella dictyaulus 0.183 429 46 0.225 124 80 0.197 763 21 0.190 982 56 0.172 953 66 0.243 018 05 0.202 968 68 0.200 585 24 0.275 599 46 0.242 327 43 Iphione sp. 0.324 520 94 0.331 518 98 0.315 205 02 0.313 046 18 0.294 201 05 0.310 234 10 0.337 045 01 0.297 278 36 0.263 715 40 0.332 025 36 0.291 977 33 Lepidasthenia elegans 0.223 113 99 0.256 619 95 0.203 475 14 0.211 745 18 0.209 645 53 0.197 876 74 0.237 512 87 0.251 528 72 0.258 954 31 0.202 483 54 0.215 940 27 Lepidonotus clava 0.204 499 44 0.254 313 36 0.224 049 89 0.213 950 69 0.207 991 33 0.231 825 58 0.235 439 42 0.256 479 15 0.257 271 52 0.199 815 05 0.226 808 59 Leucia violacea 0.194 010 48 0.243 055 26 0.226 959 85 0.194 385 23 0.166 102 50 0.175 617 13 0.260 462 13 0.246 952 91 0.297 629 16 0.209 694 44 0.186 552 32 Malmgreniella mcintoshi 0.196 958 40 0.242 155 33 0.207 399 27 0.159 617 90 0.198 844 16 0.211 095 15 0.197 814 93 0.206 854 23 0.304 734 97 0.259 651 52 0.195 079 98 Melaenis loveni 0.199 703 28 0.224 598 57 0.188 333 16 0.173 354 66 0.185 409 05 0.235 414 95 0.195 684 58 0.195 908 72 0.287 408 57 0.258 211 50 0.218 006 00 Neopolynoe paradoxa 0.217 263 64 0.240 369 26 0.214 145 35 0.146 993 96 0.183 532 45 0.213 418 75 0.203 498 14 0.191 350 88 0.279 434 65 0.245 411 80 0.222 117 69 Paradyte crinoidicola 0.175 448 28 0.221 621 43 0.165 450 59 0.164 970 01 0.198 606 51 0.208 852 84 0.184 042 66 0.228 521 74 0.315 447 07 0.224 258 82 0.210 535 58 Paralepidonotus ampulliferus 0.249 283 83 0.318 035 72 0.242 480 56 0.268 899 62 0.190 062 62 0.297 300 20 0.265 164 31 0.240 878 53 0.293 344 58 0.277 046 47 0.234 892 15 Polyeunoa laevis 0.184 910 02 0.244 840 93 0.176 401 85 0.167 527 27 0.200 012 62 0.233 991 51 0.189 429 18 0.218 635 03 0.273 161 74 0.239 704 14 0.210 475 10 Polynoe scolopendrina 0.244 755 21 0.268 659 78 0.247 842 24 0.211 480 47 0.250 635 47 0.245 013 12 0.257 187 26 0.246 196 07 0.324 827 68 0.260 268 20 0.237 975 66 Subadyte pellucida 0.233 765 57 0.250 280 36 0.193 058 37 0.167 634 48 0.206 039 06 0.275 731 28 0.198 133 89 0.253 302 23 0.285 443 58 0.285 458 40 0.217 177 49 Thermiphione sp. 0.276 234 08 0.263 181 65 0.265 361 85 0.275 164 57 0.272 733 23 0.255 222 52 0.298 458 60 0.264 910 80 0.224 641 27 0.246 763 16 0.256 312 08 Thormora jukesii 0.268 978 33 0.217 538 43 0.270 850 39 0.266 804 65 0.266 917 31 0.238 240 83 0.293 402 84 0.278 678 68 0.218 003 77 0.218 974 20 0.262 411 77 Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n. 0.276 396 21 0.305 799 82 0.286 475 96 0.284 129 43 0.270 907 13 0.244 206 38 0.242 056 05 0.277 236 82 0.263 989 56 0.283 160 18 0.290 976 75 Gesiella jameensis 0.254 264 96 0.262 184 39 0.227 858 62 0.238 921 91 0.242 303 75 0.294 418 97 0.234 671 26 0.234 262 95 0.378 684 02 0.278 753 18 0.225 928 92 Pelagomacellicephala cf. iliffei 2 0.290 277 05 0.299 494 26 0.276 459 00 0.226 452 54 0.314 473 22 0.261 203 35 0.281 603 88 0.288 750 13 0.312 755 78 0.273 650 22 0.306 710 16 Halosydnella australis 0.232 425 03 0.286 432 11 0.249 430 97 0.273 323 00 0.220 579 49 0.196 589 56 0.282 000 77 0.249 248 59 0.240 995 10 0.221 562 33 0.260 490 71 Polynoidae sp. 2 ST 2019 0.276 219 07 0.264 289 79 0.262 096 38 0.270 379 22 0.242 365 35 0.241 605 94 0.237 146 06 0.216 446 34 0.256 813 00 0.255 874 27 0.268 627 51 Robertianella synophthalma 0.174 658 16 0.221 806 28 0.181 413 18 0.141 881 76 0.190 976 75 0.223 334 57 0.188 236 68 0.196 780 63 0.271 056 61 0.246 077 83 0.182 762 73
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Iphione sp. Lepidasthenia elegans Lepidonotus clava Leucia violacea Malmgreniella mcintoshi Melaenis loveni Neopolynoe paradoxa Paradyte crinoidicola Paralepidonotus ampulliferus Polyeunoa laevis Polynoe scolopendrina Acholoe astericola Alentia gelatinosa Antarctinoe ferox Antinoe aequiseta Antipathipolyeunoa sp. Austrolaenilla antarctica Bathykurila guaymasensis Branchinotogluma sandersi Branchipolynoe symmytilida Bylgides elegans Enipo torelli Eunoe nodosa Gastrolepidia clavigera Gattyana cirrhosa Gorgoniapolynoe corralophila Grubeopolynoe tuta Halosydna brevisetosa Harmothoe glabra Hermadion truncata Hermenia verruculosa Hyperhalosydna striata Intoshella dictyaulus Iphione sp. Lepidasthenia elegans 0.305 133 86 Lepidonotus clava 0.327 080 51 0.069 029 20 Leucia violacea 0.325 422 76 0.220 475 25 0.227 334 56 Malmgreniella mcintoshi 0.335 880 20 0.224 442 19 0.243 446 83 0.166 212 01 Melaenis loveni 0.306 347 04 0.217 783 64 0.213 898 80 0.156 596 54 0.201 151 53 Neopolynoe paradoxa 0.317 490 91 0.223 078 62 0.234 389 84 0.167 223 87 0.169 209 05 0.183 982 47 Paradyte crinoidicola 0.352 818 84 0.210 381 11 0.226 220 33 0.197 551 57 0.218 904 31 0.204 414 55 0.183 302 31 Paralepidonotus ampulliferus 0.350 436 40 0.276 609 39 0.267 248 55 0.241 540 63 0.286 180 13 0.261 012 11 0.242 734 69 0.254 090 31 Polyeunoa laevis 0.327 543 47 0.212 394 33 0.224 644 00 0.188 466 18 0.208 599 90 0.192 117 86 0.201 721 11 0.208 898 45 0.266 239 14 Polynoe scolopendrina 0.379 922 59 0.240 515 68 0.250 207 72 0.226 628 55 0.200 161 20 0.263 861 77 0.218 945 65 0.218 053 34 0.331 403 56 0.256 973 49 Subadyte pellucida 0.343 507 42 0.228 415 03 0.214 772 70 0.219 804 12 0.225 842 28 0.237 269 98 0.255 722 32 0.208 584 10 0.260 675 34 0.219 229 36 0.234 952 52 Thermiphione sp. 0.263 006 49 0.258 821 49 0.266 638 56 0.275 063 22 0.288 452 76 0.259 538 45 0.265 448 72 0.258 043 64 0.302 945 23 0.255 540 32 0.316 058 18 Thormora jukesii 0.299 040 69 0.226 966 15 0.245 154 99 0.259 031 84 0.275 049 80 0.256 666 12 0.293 642 37 0.268 555 73 0.314 272 24 0.248 903 11 0.289 059 08 Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n. 0.309 143 32 0.238 719 40 0.262 519 18 0.227 254 55 0.264 798 05 0.261 822 39 0.283 928 11 0.282 577 95 0.333 408 55 0.277 422 08 0.271 520 25 Gesiella jameensis 0.324 869 84 0.255 000 27 0.246 016 98 0.229 823 80 0.241 013 36 0.248 550 36 0.229 394 51 0.225 900 92 0.276 710 05 0.284 447 17 0.278 292 97 Pelagomacellicephala cf. iliffei 2 0.280 079 28 0.232 513 74 0.242 258 70 0.268 277 13 0.305 783 34 0.246 061 90 0.277 972 64 0.277 033 53 0.334 771 16 0.264 822 34 0.299 314 67 Halosydnella australis 0.296 441 67 0.234 982 59 0.229 825 03 0.230 775 49 0.267 737 29 0.249 162 84 0.275 053 16 0.262 852 90 0.270 092 62 0.261 288 93 0.249 387 30 Polynoidae sp. 2 ST 2019 0.307 291 97 0.258 075 09 0.260 563 01 0.256 598 64 0.266 367 21 0.276 010 20 0.266 913 52 0.278 854 36 0.290 574 60 0.245 405 36 0.262 331 06 Robertianella synophthalma 0.301 457 84 0.231 979 14 0.234 923 17 0.172 299 41 0.184 401 70 0.168 897 56 0.167 438 32 0.187 523 51 0.215 383 11 0.184 582 03 0.228 736 51
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Subadyte pellucida Thermiphione sp. Thormora jukesii Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n. Gesiella jameensis Pelagomacellic-ephala cf. iliffei 2 Halosydnella australis Polynoidae sp. 2 ST 2019 Acholoe astericola Alentia gelatinosa Antarctinoe ferox Antinoe aequiseta Antipathipolyeunoa sp. Austrolaenilla antarctica Bathykurila guaymasensis Branchinotogluma sandersi Branchipolynoe symmytilida Bylgides elegans Enipo torelli Eunoe nodosa Gastrolepidia clavigera Gattyana cirrhosa Gorgoniapolynoe corralophila Grubeopolynoe tuta Halosydna brevisetosa Harmothoe glabra Hermadion truncata Hermenia verruculosa Hyperhalosydna striata Intoshella dictyaulus Iphione sp. Lepidasthenia elegans Lepidonotus clava Leucia violacea Malmgreniella mcintoshi Melaenis loveni Neopolynoe paradoxa Paradyte crinoidicola Paralepidonotus ampulliferus Polyeunoa laevis Polynoe scolopendrina Subadyte pellucida Thermiphione sp. 0.304 207 13 Thormora jukesii 0.279 639 16 0.214 375 32 Ceuthonoe nezhai gen. et sp. n. 0.274 900 97 0.253 297 56 0.291 380 26 Gesiella jameensis 0.252 228 82 0.308 232 42 0.360 050 13 0.316 815 13 Pelagomacellicephala cf. iliffei 2 0.299 009 24 0.291 921 97 0.284 222 39 0.279 183 68 0.286 840 27 Halosydnella australis 0.270 208 81 0.231 993 28 0.238 275 86 0.260 840 91 0.315 887 72 0.311 794 26 Polynoidae sp. 2 ST 2019 0.267 175 30 0.235 863 10 0.269 466 07 0.214 625 26 0.241 997 03 0.292 326 13 0.216 593 34 Robertianella synophthalma 0.192 200 27 0.251 141 20 0.263 141 64 0.272 085 73 0.246 861 48 0.255 376 93 0.244 626 42 0.232 877 43
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