Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb.

Accepted

Phoenix sylvestris unripe fruit

Phoenix sylvestris tree

Phoenix sylvestris seeds

Phoenix sylvestris ripe fruit

Phoenix sylvestris leaf twig

Phoenix sylvestris flowers

Phoenix sylvestris bark

🗒 Synonyms

synonym	Elate sylvestris L.
synonym	Elate versicolor Salisb.

🗒 Common Names

Assamese	Bonoriya-khejur খাজুৰি Khaajuri
Bengali	খর্জূর Kharjura খেজুর Khejura
English	Date palm Date sugar palm Silvester Palm Wild date palm Wild date palm/ Date sugar palm
Gujarati	ખજૂરી Khajuri
Hin	Khajuri
Hindi	खजूर Khajur सेंधी Sendhi
Kannada	Eechalu ಈಚಲು Ichalu ಖರ್ಜೂರ Kharjura
Konkani	खाज्जूर Khajjur
Malayalam	Kattinta കാടിനൊത്ത Kaattiintha കാട്ടീന്തല്‍ Kaattiinthal നീലന്തെണ്ട് Niilanthent
Manipuri	থাঙতুপ Thangtup
Marathi	खर्जूर Kharjur खर्जूरी Kharjuri खारीक Kharik शिंद Shinda शिंदी Shindi
Oriya	Khorjurri
Other	Date Palm Indian Wild Date Indian Winepalm Kandela Khajur Silver Date Palm Sugar Date Palm Sugar Palm Taadii Wild Date Wild Date Palm
Sanskrit	खर्जूरी Kharjuri खर्जूरः Kharjurh नेपाली Nepali
Tamil	ஈந்துபனை Inthupaanai காட்டீஞ்சு Kattinchu
Telugu	ఈత Ita
Urdu	کهجور Khajur

📚 Overview

Overview

Summary

Palm tree

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Brief

Flowering class: Monocot Habit: Tree

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Diagnostic

Diagnostic Keys

Description

Trunk rough with scars of fallen leaves, Compound leaf with many pointed leaflets, lower pairs reduced to thorns, Inflorescence appears in the axils of compound leaves.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

A graceful palm 10-16 m tall with a large crown and rough trunk covered with persistent leaf bases. Leaves 3-4.5 m long, greyish-green, with a few short(to 10 cm) spines at the base; pinnules numerous, linear, 15-45 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide, ending in short points. Flowers small, fragrant, borne in spadices; male flowers white, female greenish. Fruiting spadix about 90 cm long, bearing oblong-ellipsoid berries, 2.5-3.2 cm long, orange-yellow when ripe. Seed approximately 1.7 cm long, deeply grooved with rounded ends.

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

SubSpecies Varieties Races

Diagnostic Keys

Description

No Data

📚 Nomenclature and Classification

Nomenclature and Classification

Taxon Record Name

References

Type Information

No Data

📚 Natural History

Natural History

Life Cycle

Cyclicity

Leaf Fall

Flowering

March--May

Fruiting

September--October

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Flowering and fruiting: April-December

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Reproduction

Propagation Techniques

Direct sowing of seeds.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Migration

Dispersal

Dispersers

Dispersers: Bird,Other Mammals

Pollinators

Pollinators: bee,Insect

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Life Expectancy

Size

Seed Size

1.5 cm.

Tree Height

12 m.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Growth

Competitiveness

Poor

Where To Plant

Field border,Wet area

Growth Rate

slow growing

Drought Tolerance

High

Drainage

Well

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Morphology

Growth Form

Tree

Tree Type

Evergreen

Canopy

Open

Leaf Type

Palm like

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Miscellaneous Details

Interesting Facts

Stiff and durable leaves with sharp tips used in fencing; central axis of leaves used to make basket of high quality; leaves are also used in making floor mats. It has gained popularity in recent times as an ornamental tree in urban landscapes.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

No Data

📚 Habitat and Distribution

Habitat and Distribution

General Habitat

Rocky cliffs

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Along bunds of paddy fields and grasslands

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Distribution

Description

Throughout India except Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Global Distribution

India: Assam, Uttar Pradesh; Bhutan

Indian Distribution

Assam

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Global Distribution

Sri Lanka, India, Himalaya and Myanmar

Indian distribution

State - Kerala, District/s: Kozhikkode, Palakkad, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Endemic Distribution

Nativity

Native

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

No Data

📚 Occurrence

Occurrence

No Data

📚 Demography and Conservation

Demography and Conservation

Not Evaluated

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Threats

Legislation

Protection Legal Status

No Data

📚 Uses and Management

Uses and Management

Uses

System of Medicines Used In

Ayurveda

Folk medicine

Siddha

Sowa-Rigpa

Medicinal :

Medicinal : Fruit,Seed,Root

Food:

Food: Fruit

Fodder:

Fodder: Browseresistant

Fuelwood:

Poor fuelwood

Services And Uses

Wind break, Live fence, Nectar source

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

System Of Medicines Used In

Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Sowa-Rigpa, Siddha

FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1634

Attributions	FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1634
Contributors	FRLHT-ENVIS
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Medicinal

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Folklore

Management

No Data

📚 Information Listing

Information Listing

Species Resources

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)

Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

References

D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1634

Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 787. 1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 425. 1892; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1559(1088). 1931; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 329. 1988; Barrow, Kew Bull. 53: 541. 1998.
Elate sylvestris L., Sp. Pl. 1189. 1753; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 300. 1982.

Information Listing > References

D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1634
Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 787. 1832; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 425. 1892; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1559(1088). 1931; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 329. 1988; Barrow, Kew Bull. 53: 541. 1998.
Elate sylvestris L., Sp. Pl. 1189. 1753; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 300. 1982.

Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Wild edible plants of Hassan District, Karnataka: A role in ayurvedic formulation

Dr. G. M. Prashanth Kumar

Floristic diversity of Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Tree species diversity in the Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Avifauna of Surajpur Wetland, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Occurrence of Elymnias hypermnestra undularis (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Satyridae) at Ropar wetland, Punjab, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Ecology and conservation status of canebrakes in Warangal District of Andhra Pradesh, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Host range of meliolaceous fungi in India

Journal of Threatened Taxa

Images

No Data

📚 Meta data

Meta data

Map6.tif
Phoenix sylvestris_LC.tif
8 Palm-like leaf.tif

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2068
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References