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Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken

Accepted
Habit
Habit
Venation
Venation
Leaflets
Leaflets
Branches
Branches
Young leaves
Young leaves
Leaflet lower side
Leaflet lower side
Bark cut
Bark cut
Sessile leaflets
Sessile leaflets
Inflorescence
Inflorescence
Leaflet upper side
Leaflet upper side
Inflorescence
Inflorescence
Rachis and pinna insertion
Rachis and pinna insertion
Young leaves
Young leaves
Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken
Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken
Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken
Habit
Venation
Leaflets
Branches
Young leaves
Leaflet lower side
Bark cut
Sessile leaflets
Inflorescence
Leaflet upper side
Inflorescence
Rachis and pinna insertion
Young leaves
/Schleichera_oleosa/Schleichera-oleosa.jpg
/Schleichera_oleosa/Schleichera-oleosa-2.jpg
/Schleichera_oleosa/Schleichera_oleosa.tif.JPG
🗒 Synonyms
synonymConghas zeylonensis Wall.
synonymCussambium glabrum Buch.-Ham.
synonymCussambium oleosum (Lour.) Kuntze
synonymCussambium pubescens Buch.-Ham.
synonymCussambium spinosum Buch.-Ham.
synonymKoon oleosus Pierre
synonymMelicocca pubescens (Roth) DC.
synonymMelicocca trijuga (Willd.) Juss.
synonymOrnitrophe triandra Blanco
synonymPistacia oleosa Lour.
synonymSchleichera aculeata Kostel.
synonymSchleichera pubescens Roth
synonymSchleichera trijuga Willd.
synonymSchmidelia triandra Blanco
synonymScytalia trijuga (Willd.) Roxb. ex DC.
synonymStadmania pubescens (Roth) Spreng.
synonymStadmania trijuga (Willd.) Spreng.
🗒 Common Names
English
  • Ceylon Oak
  • Kusum
  • Lac Tree
  • Ma
  • Macassar oil tree
Gujarati
  • કુસુમ Kusum
Hin
  • Kusam
Hindi
  • Kusam
  • कुसुम Kusum
  • कुसुम्ब Kusumb
Irula
  • Pulipoosa maram
Kannada
  • Chakota
  • Sagade
Konkani
  • कोसिंब Kosimb
Malayalam
  • Dhoothalam
  • Doodalam
  • Poovam
  • Poovam.
  • Poovanam
  • Puvam
  • Puvathi
  • ദൂതളം Duuthalam
  • പൂവണം Puuvanam
  • പൂവം Puuvam
Marathi
  • कुसुंब Kusumb
  • कोशिंब Koshimb
Other
  • Ceylon Oak
  • Dhoothalam
  • Honey Tree
  • Kusum Tree
  • Lac Tree
  • Macassar Oil Tree
  • Poovanam
  • Pulipoosa
Sanskrit
  • कुसुंभ Kusumbha
Tamil
  • Karanachi
  • Poovam
  • Pulichi
  • Pumaratha
  • Puvam
  • Puvan
  • Puvatthi
  • கும்பாதிரி Kumpatiri
  • கொஞ்சி Konchi
Telugu
  • Kosangi
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Brief
Flowering class: Dicot Habit: Tree
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors 
D. Narasimhan
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY
References 
    Diagnostic Keys
    Description
    Deciduous trees, to 20 m high, bole fluted; bark 10-12 mm thick, surface grey, smooth, brittle; blaze reddish-brown. Leaves paripinnate, alternate, exstipulate; rachis 5.5-11.5 cm, stout, glabrous, swollen at base; leaflets 4-6, opposite or subopposite; petiolule upto 3 mm, slender, glabrous; lamina 5-15 x 1.8-4.5 cm, elliptic-oblong, ovate or obovate, base oblique or rarely obtuse, apex acute or obtuse, margin entire, coriaceous, glabrous; lateral nerves 10-23, parallel, prominent, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers polygamodioecious, 5-6 mm across, greenish-yellow, in axillary spicate panicles; male flowers: calyx lobes 5, valvate or obscurely imbricate; petals 0; disc complete, with the disc; stamens 7 or 8, free, inserted within the disc; filaments 1.5 mm, pilose; anthers oblong; pistillode small; bisexual flowers: ovary 2 mm, superior, 3-celled, ovule 1 in each cell; style rigid, terete; stigma 2 or 3 lobed. Fruit a drupe, 16-18 mm across, subcrustaceous, pointed, often echinate with stout rather blunt prickles; seed 1 or 2, enclosed in a pulpy aril which has a pleasant acid taste; testa smooth, brown.
    Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY
    References 
      Habit: A medium-sized deciduous tree, upto 15m.
      Keystone Foundation
      Attributions Keystone Foundation
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY
      References 
        Habit: Medium to large tree
        G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
        Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
        Contributors 
        Status UNDER_CREATION
        Licenses CC_BY
        References 
          No Data
          📚 Natural History
          Cyclicity
          Flowering and fruiting: March-June
          Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
          Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
          Contributors 
          Status UNDER_CREATION
          Licenses CC_BY
          References 
            Morphology

            Growth Form

            Tree
            Tree
            Flower

            In slender panicles, pendulous, interrupted; greenish-yellow. Flowering from March-April.

            Fruit

            An ovoid drupe, spiny; seed(s) 1 or 2, ovoid, with a fleshy aril. Fruiting from April-May.

            Field tips

            New foliage red, fast changing into green.

            Leaf Arrangement

            Alternate-distichous

            Leaf Type

            Paripinnate

            Leaf Shape

            Oblong-elliptic

            Leaf Apex

            Obtuse-rounded

            Leaf Base

            Cuneate-subcordate

            Leaf Margin

            Entire

            Keystone Foundation
            Attributions Keystone Foundation
            Contributors 
            Status UNDER_CREATION
            Licenses CC_BY
            References 
              Miscellaneous Details
              Notes: On slopes in Hill and forest borders
              G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
              Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
              Contributors 
              Status UNDER_CREATION
              Licenses CC_BY
              References 
                The aril of the fruit is edible and the seeds yield oil. Wood is used to make rice-pounders . The best lac is produced on its twigs.
                Keystone Foundation
                Attributions Keystone Foundation
                Contributors 
                Status UNDER_CREATION
                Licenses CC_BY
                References 
                  No Data
                  📚 Habitat and Distribution
                  General Habitat
                  Semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests, also in the plains
                  Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                  Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                  Contributors 
                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                  Licenses CC_BY
                  References 
                    Common on hills above 500 m. Tropical Himalaya, India, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, Malaysia, Sri Lanka.
                    Keystone Foundation
                    Attributions Keystone Foundation
                    Contributors 
                    Status UNDER_CREATION
                    Licenses CC_BY
                    References 
                      Description
                      Found in deciduous forests from plains to 750m. Common. Tropical India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Indo-China and Malesia.
                      Keystone Foundation
                      Attributions Keystone Foundation
                      Contributors 
                      Status UNDER_CREATION
                      Licenses CC_BY
                      References 
                        Maharashtra: Kolhapur Karnataka: Belgaum, Chikmagalur, Coorg, Dharwar, Hassan, Mysore, N. Kanara, Shimoga, S. Kanara Kerala: All districts
                        G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                        Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                        Contributors 
                        Status UNDER_CREATION
                        Licenses CC_BY
                        References 
                          Global Distribution

                          Indio-Malesia

                          Indian distribution

                          State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts

                          Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                          Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                          Contributors 
                          Status UNDER_CREATION
                          Licenses CC_BY
                          References 
                            No Data
                            📚 Occurrence
                            No Data
                            📚 Uses and Management
                            Uses

                            System of Medicines Used In

                            Ayurveda
                            Ayurveda
                            Folk medicine
                            Folk medicine
                            Siddha
                            Siddha
                            System Of Medicines Used In

                            Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Siddha

                            FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1872
                            Attributions FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1872
                            Contributors 
                            Status UNDER_CREATION
                            Licenses CC_BY
                            References 
                              Fruits edible also by Monkeys and by Spotted Deer. Elephants feed on the leaves. Wood is used for fire wood. Bark is used for medicinal and preparation to cure fever.

                              The wood used to make rice-pounders and carts. Seeds yield edible oil.

                              Keystone Foundation
                              Attributions Keystone Foundation
                              Contributors 
                              Status UNDER_CREATION
                              Licenses CC_BY
                              References 
                                Medicinal
                                Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                                Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                                Contributors 
                                Status UNDER_CREATION
                                Licenses CC_BY
                                References 
                                  Folklore

                                  Fruits edible. The bark used in medicininal preparations to cure fever. Honey bees forage on the flowers.

                                  Keystone Foundation
                                  Attributions Keystone Foundation
                                  Contributors 
                                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                                  Licenses CC_BY
                                  References 
                                    No Data
                                    📚 Information Listing
                                    References
                                    1. D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1872
                                    1. Pistacia oleosa Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 615. 1790.
                                    2. Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, Allg. Naturgesch. 3:1341. 1841; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 71. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 125. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 108. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 64. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 114. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 111. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 145. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 133. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 78. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12, 19; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 119. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 77. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 166. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 80. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 78. 1999; P.C. Pant in N.P. Singh et al., Fl. India 5: 384. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 76. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 176. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 143. 2005; P. Singh & E. Vajr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 786. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 187. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 246. 2009.
                                    3. Schleichera trijuga Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 1096. 1805; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 681. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 248(177). 1915.
                                    1. Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B.D, 1984, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002
                                    Information Listing > References
                                    1. D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=1872
                                    2. Pistacia oleosa Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 615. 1790.
                                    3. Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, Allg. Naturgesch. 3:1341. 1841; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 71. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 125. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 108. 1985; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 64. 1988; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 114. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 111. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 145. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 133. 1990; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 78. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 12, 19; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 119. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 77. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 166. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 80. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 78. 1999; P.C. Pant in N.P. Singh et al., Fl. India 5: 384. 2000; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 76. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 176. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 143. 2005; P. Singh & E. Vajr. in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 786. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 187. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 246. 2009.
                                    4. Schleichera trijuga Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 1096. 1805; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 681. 1875; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 248(177). 1915.
                                    5. Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B.D, 1984, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002

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                                    No Data
                                    📚 Meta data
                                    No Data
                                    🐾 Taxonomy
                                    RootRoot
                                    KingdomPlantae
                                    PhylumTracheophyta
                                    ClassMagnoliopsida
                                    OrderSapindales
                                    FamilySapindaceae
                                    GenusSchleichera
                                    SpeciesSchleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken
                                    📊 Temporal Distribution
                                    📷 Related Observations
                                    👥 Groups
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