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Sea star from the northwestern Pacific referred to as Henricia aspera Fisher and H. a. robusta Djakonov (Echinodermata, Echinasteridae) is amphiboreal H. oculata (Pennant)

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Abstract

The sea star Henricia oculata (Pennant, 1777) is a common species known from the northern Atlantic for more than two centuries. This species has never been reported from Russian coastline along the Arctic and northwestern Pacific. Here, we report its population from Bering Sea off Mednyi Island of Commander Islands archipelago. DNA barcode of H. oculata from Commander Islands, which is a fragment of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, is similar to the barcodes of the specimens from the northeastern Pacific and northern Atlantic. Moreover, all museum collections H. aspera from Russian waters of the Pacific belong to H. oculata because of their morphology. A form known as H. aspera robusta Djakonov, 1958 previously reported from Bering Sea to the Sea of Japan represents closely related lineage to H. oculata, therefore the name robusta Djakonov 1958 is likely a junior synonym of oculata Pennant, 1777 or its Pacific subspecies. In addition, I am recognizing the name H. aspera robusta Djakonov, 1949 as unavailable because its publication does not contain a description or definition that states in words the characters that are purposed to differentiate the taxon, as required by International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, therefore, the lectotype for H. aspera robusta Djakonov, 1958 has been designated. I found no differences between H. aspera and H. a. robusta specimens studied by A.M. Djakonov, who reported H. aspera from Russian waters of the northwestern Pacific. The neotype of Asterias oculata Pennant, 1777 is fixed in this publication.

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Acknowledgements

I am very thankful to Dr. Nadya Sanamyan (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia) who collected, deposited to collection and took underwater photographs of H. oculata off Mednyi Island in 2014, and provided them for examination. I am thankful to Mr. Roger Clark for fruitful communication about Aleutian Henricia species and specimens, and to Dr. Tom Schiøtte for loaning the specimens preserved in Zoological Museum of Copenhagen University. I thank Mr. Daiki Wakita (Sapporo, Japan) for checking the specimens preserved in R. Hayashi’s collection at Hokkaido University.

Funding

This study was funded by Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences grant #18-4-040.

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  1. National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo 17, Vladivostok, Russia, 690041

    Anton Chichvarkhin

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Correspondence to Anton Chichvarkhin.

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Chichvarkhin, A. Sea star from the northwestern Pacific referred to as Henricia aspera Fisher and H. a. robusta Djakonov (Echinodermata, Echinasteridae) is amphiboreal H. oculata (Pennant). Polar Biol 42, 2087–2096 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-019-02583-4

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