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Phylogeny and taxonomy of Golovinomyces orontii revisited

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Abstract

Golovinomyces orontii is a common plurivorous powdery mildew species with wide host range and worldwide distribution, usually occurring as asexual morph. Ascomata (chasmothecia) are rarely formed on most hosts. Phylogenetic analyses based on rDNA ITS and 28S rDNA data of a wide range of powdery mildew collections of G. orontii s. lat. suggested a high degree of genetic heterogeneity of this species, which is undoubtedly not monophyletic. This study revealed that sequences retrieved from numerous collections referred to as G. orontii (s. lat.) split into three distinct main clusters, previously classified as groups 1 to 3. These groups have been genetically and morphologically analyzed, circumscribed, and named. One cluster (group 2), including a sequence retrieved from powdery mildew on the type host of Erysiphe orontii, Misopates orontium, constitutes G. orontii s. str. G. tabaci comb. nov. (≡ E. tabaci) is introduced for the second cluster in group 1 that is genetically and morphologically clearly distinct from G. orontii s. str. The third assemblage of sequences (group 3) comprises powdery mildews on hosts of the composite tribe Cichorieae, including Cichorium and Lactuca spp., and a wide range of hosts belonging to various other plant families for which the name G. bolayi sp. nov. is proposed. Euoidium longipes and Euoidium lycopersici, two additional powdery mildew species on solanaceous hosts, are briefly discussed and, based on previous phylogenetic analyses, reallocated to Golovinomyces. Oidium lactucae-debilis on Ixeris japonica in Asia is tentatively reduced to synonymy with G. sonchicola, i.e., it does not pertain to the G. orontii s. lat. complex. G. orontii s. lat. on Vinca spp. (Apocynaceae), mostly known as asexual morph, represents a separate species only distantly related to G. orontii s. str., which is described herein as Golovinomyces vincae sp. nov. Some re-examined collections on Vinca major from Germany misidentified as G. orontii turned out to belong to Ramularia vincae and represent first records of this species for Germany. Golovinomyces spadiceus is a further plurivorous Golovinomyces species discussed in this work, which, however, does not belong to the G. orontii complex.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Nos. 16K07613 and 16F16097) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science to Susumu Takamatsu and the JSPS postdoctoral fellowship to Jamjan Meeboon. This work was also supported by a grant (No. K1705841) from Korea University to H.D. Shin, grant MSM 6198959215 (Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic), and the Internal Grant Agency of Palacký University (IGA 2018_001) to Aleš Lebeda and Miloslav Kitner. Sincere thanks are due to R.T.A. Cook (UK) for reading the text, critical comments, and corrections. M. Götz is much obliged to Elvira Dressler for her excellent technical support. The authors are grateful to Dr. Alexandra Pintye for her photographs of G. tabaci and to A/Prof. John W. D. Dearnaley for his collection of G. spadiceus infecting P. decipiens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Biology, Department of Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Herbarium, Martin Luther University, Neuwerk 21, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany

    U. Braun

  2. Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea

    H.D. Shin

  3. Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-Machiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan

    S. Takamatsu & J. Meeboon

  4. Centre of Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia

    S. Takamatsu & L. Kiss

  5. Phytopathology Unit, Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 360 Kusawa, Anou, Tsu, Mie, 514-2392, Japan

    J. Meeboon

  6. Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA-ATK), Budapest, 1525, Hungary

    L. Kiss

  7. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc-Holice, Czech Republic

    A. Lebeda & M. Kitner

  8. Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, JKI, Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany

    M. Götz

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  1. U. Braun
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  2. H.D. Shin
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  3. S. Takamatsu
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  6. A. Lebeda
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  7. M. Kitner
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  8. M. Götz
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Correspondence to U. Braun.

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Braun, U., Shin, H., Takamatsu, S. et al. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Golovinomyces orontii revisited. Mycol Progress 18, 335–357 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1453-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1453-y

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