Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cave Faunas of the Upper Mississippi Valley Region

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Caves and Karst of the Upper Midwest, USA

Part of the book series: Cave and Karst Systems of the World ((CAKASYWO))

  • 325 Accesses

Abstract

Over 300 non-accidental animal species are recorded from subterranean (cave and groundwater) habitats in the Upper Mississippi River Valley (UMV) region. Most of these are trogloxenes or troglophiles and these are not restricted to nor morphologically specialized for subterranean habitats. Conspicuous examples are bats, fish, moths, camel crickets, and many kinds of flies. A rich fauna of some 56 species are seemingly obligatory inhabitants of subterranean habitats. Twenty-two species of these are terrestrial, termed troglobites, and 34 species are aquatic, called stygobites. The troglobites include pseudoscorpions, mites, spiders, millipeds, collembolans, bristletails, and a beetle. These generally have smaller distributional ranges, but some do occur in states outside of the UMV region. The stygobites include flatworms, snails, amphipods, and isopods. These generally have larger distributional ranges and most occur in southwestern Illinois, which was near to, but not covered by Pleistocene glacial ice. A subset of stygobites are known only from groundwaters in non-cavernous glaciated regions. Among the vertebrates, ten species of trogloxenic cave-inhabiting bats are known from the UMV. Other vertebrates include the Spring cavefish (Forbesichthys agassizii), three species of plethodontid salamanders, one frog, and a bird that nests in cave entrances. Included among the mammals, other than bats, are the White-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), Eastern woodrat Neotoma floridana, and Raccoon (Procyon lotor).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Alexander CS, Prior JC (1968) The origin and function of the Cache Valley, southern Illinois. In: Bergstrom RE (ed) The Quaternary of Illinois: a symposium in observance of the centennial of the University of Illinois, pp 19–26. University of Illinois College Agri Spec Pub 14

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (1913) Blind crayfish in Carver’s Cave. St Paul Pioneer Press, Nov 13

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous (2011) Cold Water Cave’s blind cave fish. https://therousedbearwordpress.com/2011/05/14/cold-water-cave%E2%80%99s-blind-cave-fish/

  • Brick GA (2000) Amphipods in Minnesota caves. J Cave Karst Stud 62(1):31 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Brick GA (2004) Iowa Underground: A Guide to the State’s Subterranean Treasures. Trails Books, Black Earth, WI, 223p

    Google Scholar 

  • Brick GA (2006) White Bugs & Black Holes: My Experience with Folsomia candida. Unpublished typescript, 2 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Brick GA (2009a) History and geology at Carver’s Cave. Ramsey County History 44(1):16–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Brick GA (2009b) Subterranean Twin Cities. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 226p

    Google Scholar 

  • Brick GA (2009c) Guanophile ecosystem of an urban cave polluted with raw sewage. In: Proceedings of 15th international congress speleology, Kerrville Texas, 19–26 July 2009, Greyhound Press 3: 1280

    Google Scholar 

  • Brick GA (2012) Le Sueur’s saltpeter caves at Lake Pepin, Minnesota, and wilderness gunpowder manufacture. Minnesota Archaeol 71:7–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen KA, Bellinger PF (1980) The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande, a taxonomic analysis, 1st edn. Grinnell College, Grinnell IA

    Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen KA, Willson M, Tecklin J (1961) The collembola of Hunter’s Cave with a preliminary study of the microarthropod ecology of Hunter’s Cave. NSS Bull 23:59–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Cieslak A, Fresneda J, Ribera I (2016) Life-history specialization was not an evolutionary dead-end in Pyrenean cave beetles. Proc R Soc B 281: 20132978. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2798

  • Culver DC, Master l, Christman MC, Hobbs H III (2000) Obligate cave fauna of the 48 contiguous United States. Cons Biol 14:386–401

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon JW (2010) Mammalia, Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae: filling hibernacula distribution gaps for cave roosting bats from Iowa. Check List. Iowa Grotto National Speleological Society, P. O. Box 2285224, Iowa City, USA. 6:511–514

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon JW (2011) The role of small caves as bat hibernacula in Iowa. J Cave Karst Stud 73:21–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faunmap (2016). http://www.neotomaDB.org

  • Feldhamer GA, Hofmann JE, Carter TC, and Kath JA (2015) Bats of Illinois. ISU center for bat research, outreach, and conservation. Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana

    Google Scholar 

  • Flint RF, Colton R, Goldthwait R, Willman H (1959) Glacial map of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. Geol Soc Am Scale 1:1,750,000

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowler ML (1959) Modoc Rock Shelter: an early Archaic site in southern Illinois. Am Antiq 24:57–270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gardner JE (1986) Invertebrate fauna from Missouri caves and springs. Missouri Dept Conser Nat Hist Ser no 3: 1072

    Google Scholar 

  • Geis JW, Boggess WR (1968) The Prairie peninsula: its origin and significance in the vegetational history of Central Illinois. In: Bergstrom RE (ed) The Quaternary of Illinois: a symposium in observance of the centennial of the University of Illinois, University of Illinois College Agri Spec Pub 14, pp 89–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunderson HL, Beer JR (1953) The Mammals of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey MJ, Altenbach JS, Best TL (2011) Bats of the United States and Canada. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  • Hershler R, Holsinger JR, Hubricht L (1990) A revision of the North American freshwater snail genus Fontigens (Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). Smith Cont Zool 509:1–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Hewitt GM (1999) Post-glacial re-colonization of European biota. Biol J Lin Soc 68:87–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman RL (1999) Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America. Spec Publ No 8 Virginia Mus Nat Hist, Martinsville Virginia

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann JE (2010) Field manual of Illinois Mammals. Illinois Nat Hist Surv Champaign, Manual 12

    Google Scholar 

  • Holsinger JR (1967) Systematics, speciation and distribution of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygonectes (Gammaridae). Bull US Natl Mus 259

    Google Scholar 

  • Holsinger JR (1972) The freshwater amphipod crustaceans (Gammaridae) of North America, Water Pollution Control Research Series. Biota Freshw Ecosyst Identif Manual 5:1–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Hubricht L (1943) Studies in the nearctic freshwater Amphipoda III: notes on the freshwater Amphipoda of the eastern United States with descriptions of ten new species. Amn Midl Natur 29(3):683–712

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hubricht L, Mackin JG (1940) Descriptions of nine new species of fresh-water amphipod crustaceans with notes and new localities for other species. Am Midl Natur 23:187–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iannicelli M (2010) Evolution of the driftless area and contiguous regions of midwestern USA through Pleistocene periglacial processes. Open Geol J 4:35–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson HHT (1961) Mammals of Wisconsin. The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI

    Google Scholar 

  • Jass JP (1994) Investigation of crustacean amphipods in the family Crangonyctidae. Grant proposal for Lois Almon small grants program Wisconsin Academy of Sciences Madison WI 6 pp [from Natureserve Explorer comprehensive species report on Stygobromus putealis]

    Google Scholar 

  • Klimaszewski J, Peck SB (1986) A review of the cavernicolous Staphylinidae of North America: part I Aleocharinae. Quaest Entomol 22:51–113

    Google Scholar 

  • Koch DL, Case JC (1974) Fauna and flora. In: Report on Cold Water Cave Iowa. Geological Survey Unpublished report, pp 25–36. https://s-iihr34iihr.uiowa.edu/publications/uploads/2015-12-17_15-12-33_mp-9.pdf

  • Koenemann S, Holsinger JR (2001) Systematics of the North American subterranean amphipod genus Bactrurus (Crangonycidae). Beaufortia 51(1):1–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Kunz TH, Schlitter DA (1968) An annotated checklist of bats from Iowa. Trans Kansas Acad Sci 71:166–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Layne JN (1958) Notes on mammals of southern Illinois. Am Midl Natur 60:219–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LeConte JL (1848a) Notice of five new species of fossil mammalia from Illinois. Am J Sci Arts, 2nd ser 5:102–106

    Google Scholar 

  • LeConte JL (1848b) On Platygonus compressus: a new fossil Pachyderm. Mem Am Acad Arts Sci 3:257–275

    Google Scholar 

  • Leidy J (1860) Observations on the extinct Peccary of North America; Being a sequel to “A memoir on the extinct Dicotylinae of America.” Trans Am Philos Soc 11:97–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leray VL, Caravas J, Friedrich M, Zigler KS (2019) Mitochondrial sequence data indicate “vicariance by erosion” as a mechanism of species diversification in North American Ptomaphagus (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae) cave beetles. Subterr Biol 29:35–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ (1982) Systematics of the troglobitic Caecidotea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellidae) of the southern interior low plateaus. Brimleyana 8:65–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ (2000) Five new species of Pseudotremia from caves in the Blue River area of southern Indiana (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Cleidogonidae). Myriapodologica 6(6):55–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ (2002) Chaetaspis aleyorum a new species of milliped from Tumbling Creek Cave Missouri with a synopsis of the cavernicolous species of Chaetaspis (Diplopoda: Polydesmida). Myriapodologica 7(11):101–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ (2003) The 2003 non-lethal censusing of Gammarus acherondytes communities in southwestern Illinois. Final report, US Fish and Wildlife Service and Endangered Species Program, Illinois Department of Natural Resources

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ (2012) Chapter 8 Subterranean Ecosystems. In: Whitaker JO Jr, Amlaner CJ Jr (eds) Habitats and ecological communities of Indiana. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, pp 156–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ (2015) The subterranean asellids of Indiana (Isopoda) with the description of Caecidotea dunlaporum new species. J Cave Karst Stud 77(2):99–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ, Bowman TE (1981) The subterranean asellids (Caecidotea) of Illinois (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellidae). Smiths Contr Zool 335:1–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ, Lewis SL (2014) The 2014 census of Gammarus acherondytes communities in southwestern Illinois Final Report. Endangered Species Program U S Fish and Wildlife Service and Endangered Species Program Illinois Department of Natural Resources

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ, Moss P, Tecic D, Nelson ME (2003) A conservation focused inventory of subterranean invertebrates of the southwestern Illinois karst. J Cave Karst Stud 65:9–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JJ, Reid JW (2007) Patterns and processes of groundwater invasion by Copepods in the interior low plateaus of the United States. Acta Carsologica 36(2):79–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Long CA (1976) The occurrence status and importance of bats in Wisconsin with a key to the species. Wisconsin Acad Sci Arts Lett 64:62–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackin JG, Hubricht L (1940) Descriptions of seven new species of Caecidotea (Isopoda Asellidae) from the central United States. Trans Am Micros Soc 59(3):383–397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall SA, Peck SB (1984) Distribution of cave-dwelling Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) of eastern North America. Proc Entomol Soc Ontario 115:3–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Mather D (2009) A new twist in Minnesota Megafauna History. Minnesota Conservation Volunteer. March-April, pp 21–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Michigan Karst Conservancy (2014). http://caves.org/conservancy/mkc/preserve_mv.html

  • Montz GR (1993) The aquatic invertebrates of Mystery Cave Forestville State Park Minnesota. Unpublished report to the Minnesota Depart Nat Res, Ecological Services Section

    Google Scholar 

  • Muck JA, Newman RM (1992) The distribution of amphipods in southeastern Minnesota and their relation to water quality and land use. J Iowa Acad Sci 99(1):34–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Nawrot JR, Klimstra WD (1976) Present and past distribution of the endangered Southern Illinois Woodrat (Neotoma floridana illinoensis). Nat Hist Misc, Chicago Acad Sci, Chicago, Il. 12 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordquist GE (1987) Bats in Minnesota. Natural History Leaflet 8 James Ford Bell Mus Nat Hist, Minneapolis MN 8 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordquist GE (2000) Winter use of subterranean cavities by bats in and near Minnesota. MSc thesis, University of Minnesota 84 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Panno SV, Hackley KC, Kelly WR, Hwang HH, Wilhelm FM, Taylor SJ, Stiff BJ (2006) Potential effects of recurrent low oxygen conditions on the Illinois cave amphipod. J Cave Karst Studies 68:55–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Parmalee PW (1967) A recent cave bone deposit in southwestern Illinois. Bull Nat Speleol Soc 29:119–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Parmalee PW (1968) Cave and archaeological faunal deposits as indicators of post-Pleistocene animal populations and distribution in Illinois. In: Bergstrom RE (ed) The Quaternary of Illinois: a symposium in observance of the centennial of the University of Illinois, pp 104–114. University of Illinois College Agri Spec Pub 14

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearson EW (1962) Bats hibernating in silica mines in southern Illinois. J Mammal 43:27–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB (1974) The food of the salamanders Eurycea lucifuga and Plethodon glutinosus in caves. NSS Bull 36:7–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB (1982a) New records of poorly known Ptomaphagus from Texas and the Ozarks (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae). Coleop Bull 36:109–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB (1982b) The occurrence of Ptomaphagus cavernicola in forests in Florida and Georgia. Fla Entomol 65:378–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB (1984) The distribution and evolution of cavernicolous Ptomaphagus beetles in the southeastern United States (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae) with new species and records. Can J Zool 62:30–740

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB (1988) A review of the cave fauna of Canada and the composition and ecology of the invertebrate fauna of caves and mines in Ontario. Can J Zool 66:1197–1213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB (1998) A summary of diversity and distribution of the obligate cave-inhabiting faunas of the United States and Canada. J Cave Karst Stud 60:18–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB, Christiansen K (1990) Evolution and zoogeography of the invertebrate cave faunas of the driftless area of the upper Mississippi River Valley of Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois USA. Can J Zool 68:73–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB, Lewis JJ (1978) Zoogeography and evolution of the subterranean invertebrate faunas of Illinois and southeastern Missouri. NSS Bull 40:39–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB, Richardson BJ (1976) Feeding ecology of the salamander Eurycea lucifuga in the entrance, twilight, and dark zones of caves. Ann Speleol 31:175–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Peck SB, Thayer M (2003) The cave-inhabiting rove beetles of the United States (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: excluding Aleocharinae and Pselaphinae): diversity and distributions. J Cave Karst Stud 65:37–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Poole AK, Novosak BA, Gooley AC, Ing DM, Bluett RD, Carter TC, Feldhamer GA (2013) Reintroduction of the eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana) in southern Illinois. Southeast Nat 12:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reeder PP, Day MJ (1990) Lead mining from the caves in the UMV region: an historical perspective. J Spelean Hist 24(1):14–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid JW (2004) New records and new species of the genus Diacyclops (Crustacea: Copepoda) from subterranean habitats in southern Indiana USA. Jeffersoniana 12:1–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe JC, Heske EJ, Brown WP, Paige KN (2004) Surviving the ice: northern refugia and postglacial colonization. Proc Natl Acad Sci 101:10355–10359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shear WA (1971) The millipede family Conotylidae in North America with a description of the new family Adritylidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumida). Bull Mus Comp Zool 141:55–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Shear WA (1972) Studies in the millipede order Chordeumida (Diplopoda): a revision of the family Cleidogonidae and a reclassification of the order Chordeumida in the new world. Bull Mus Comp Zool 144:151–352

    Google Scholar 

  • Shear WA, Lewis JJ, Farfan M (2007) Diplopoda Chordeumatida Cleidogonidae Pseudotremia salisae Lewis: distribution extension north of the Ohio River in Ohio and Illinois USA. Check List 2007:1–3

    Google Scholar 

  • Shear WA, Shelley R (2007) Tingupa tlingitorum n sp a new milliped from Haines Alaska USA with notes on the generic distribution and a revised key to species (Chordeumatida: Tingupidae). Zootaxa 1393:53–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shelley RW (1994) The milliped family Nearctodesmidae in northwestern North America with accounts of Sakophallus and S simplex Chamberlin (Polydesmida). Can J Zool 72:470–495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soto-Adames FN, Taylor SJ (2013) New species and new records of springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola) from caves in the Salem Plateau of Illinois USA. J Cave Karst Stud 75:146–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tilly LJ (1968) The structure and dynamics of Cone Spring. Ecol Monog 38:169–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang D, Holsinger JR (2001) Systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus (Crangonyctidae) in western North America with emphasis on the hubbsi group. Amphipacifica 3:39–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb DW, Page LM, Taylor SJ (1998a) The current status and habitats of the Illinois cave amphipod Gammarus acherondytes Hubricht and Mackin (Crustacea: Amphipoda). J Cave Karst Stud 60:172–178

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb DW, Taylor SJ, Krejca JK (1993) The Biological Resources of Illinois Caves and other subterranean environments. Tech Rep 1993 (8) Illinois Natural History Survey Center for Biodiversity. 143 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb DW, Wetzel MJ, Phillippe LR (1998b) The aquatic biota and groundwater quality of springs in the Lincoln Hills Wisconsin driftless and northern till plains sections of Illinois. Technical report 1998 (6). Illinois Natural History Survey Center for Biodiversity

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb DW, Wetzel MJ, Reed PC, Phillippe LR, Harris MA (1995) Aquatic biodiversity in Illinois springs. J Kansas Entomol Soc 68(suppl):93–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb DW, Wetzel MJ, Reed RC, Phillippe LR, Young TC (1996) Karst springs in the sinkhole plain of Illinois; their community diversity and hydrogeology. Technical report 1996 (11). Illinois Natural History Survey Center for Biodiversity

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetzel MJ, Taylor SJ (2001) First records of freshwater oligochaetes (Annelida Clitellata) from caves in Illinois and Missouri USA. J Cave Karst Stud 63:99–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitaker JO Jr (1975) Bats of the caves and mines of the Shawnee National Forest of southern Illinois with particular emphasis on Myotis sodalis the Indiana Bat. In: Distributional studies of the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) on three national forests of the eastern region Eastern Region Forest Service USDA, pp 26–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitaker JO Jr, Hamilton WJ Jr (1998) Mammals of the eastern United States, 3rd edn. Cornell University Press, Ithaca NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitaker JO Jr, Kurta A, Carter TC (2011) Retention of the common name Eastern pipistrelle for Perimyotis subflavus. Bat Res News 52:53–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Widga C, Fulton TL, Martin LD, Shapiro B (2012) Homotherium serum and Cervalces from the Great Lakes Region, USA: geochronology, morphology and ancient DNA. Boreas 41:546–556

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelm FM, Taylor SJ, Adams GL (2006) Comparison of routine metabolic rates of the troglobite, Gammarus acherondytes (Amphipoda: Gammaridae), and the troglophile Gammarus troglophilus. Freshw Biol 51:1162–1174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson DE, Reeder DM (2005) Mammal species of the world—A taxonomic and geographic reference. Third Ed. vol 1, 404 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyman J, Leidy J (1862) Observations upon the remains of extinct and existing species of Mammalia found in the crevices of the lead-bearing rocks, and in the superficial accumulations within the lead region of Wisconsin, Iowa and Illinois. In: Hall J, Whitney JD (ed) Report on the Geological Survey of the State of Wisconsin. vol 1, pp 421–424. Albany, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Zacharda M, Puglsey CV (1988) Robustocheles occulta sp n, a new troglobitic mite (Acari: Prostigmata: Rhagidiidae) from North American caves. Can J Zool 66:646–650

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeppelini D, Christiansen KA (2003) Arrhopalites (Collembola: Arrhopalitidae) in U.S. caves with description of seven new species. J Cave Karst Stud 65:36–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeppelini D, Taylor SJ, Slay ME (2009) Cave Pygmarrhopalites Vargovitsch, 2009 (Collembola, Symphypleona, Arrhopalitidae) in United States. Zootaxa 2204:1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang J, Holsinger JR (2003) Systematics of the freshwater amphipod genus Crangonyx (Crangonyctidae) in North America. Virginia Mus Nat Hist Mem 6:1–274

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank Greg Brick and E. Calvin Alexander, Jr., for inviting us to prepare this faunal summary of the animals of caves in the UMV region and J.W. Dixon of the Iowa Biological Survey for supplying vertebrate information for Iowa caves. We thank William Shear and Olga Kukal for reviewing early versions of the manuscript. Angela Chamberlain helped obtain literature and in editing the vertebrate sections of the manuscript. Danté Fonolio and Adam Mann kindly provided photos.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Stewart B. Peck

  2. Entomology, Canadian Museum of Nature, 993 Normandy Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K2C 0L3, Canada

    Stewart B. Peck

  3. Biological Consulting LLC, 17903 State Road 60, Borden, IN, 47106, USA

    Julian J. Lewis

  4. ISU Center for Bat Research Outreach and Conservation, Indiana State University, 200 North 7th Street, Terre Haute, IN, 47809, USA

    John O. Whitaker

Authors
  1. Stewart B. Peck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Julian J. Lewis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. John O. Whitaker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stewart B. Peck .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lands and Minerals Division, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN, USA

    Greg A. Brick

  2. Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    E. Calvin Alexander Jr.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Peck, S.B., Lewis, J.J., Whitaker, J.O. (2021). Cave Faunas of the Upper Mississippi Valley Region. In: Brick, G.A., Alexander Jr., E.C. (eds) Caves and Karst of the Upper Midwest, USA. Cave and Karst Systems of the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54633-5_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation