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Biogeographical and Macroecological Context of the Alboran Sea

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Alboran Sea - Ecosystems and Marine Resources

Abstract

A complex geological history, a critical geographical location, and the existence of permeable biogeographical barriers at both ends of its longitudinal range, the Strait of Gibraltar and the hydrographic front between Almería and Oran, have shaped the Alboran Sea as a biogeographical entity at the crossroads between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean proper. The Alboran biota is composed mainly of four biotic elements, endemic to the Mediterranean, Atlanto-Mediterranean, African, and Boreal, and also includes a few species strictly endemic to the Alboran Sea, which have a high conservation value. In a macroecological context, the Alboran Sea is a pathway that connects Mediterranean and Atlantic waters, receives the runoff from the Iberian Peninsula and the North of Africa, and is affected by the macroclimatic oscillations of the Northern hemisphere, all of which modify local populations. The effects of climate change on the whole Mediterranean Sea, and the changes in species distribution due to global change and the intense human use in the zone, are transforming the Alboran Sea. Furthermore, this transition zone has turned into a critical area for monitoring biological invasions of species of tropical Atlantic origin or coming from the Indian and Pacific oceans following Lessepsian migrations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain

    Raimundo Real, Serge Gofas, Carmen Salas, José Enrique García Raso, Jesús Olivero & José A. Reina-Hervás

  2. Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain

    María Altamirano & Antonio Flores-Moya

  3. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Fuengirola (Málaga), Spain

    José Carlos Báez & Luis Gil de Sola

  4. Asociación Herpetológica Española, Madrid, Spain

    Juan Antonio Camiñas

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  1. Raimundo Real
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  2. Serge Gofas
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  11. Antonio Flores-Moya
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Correspondence to Raimundo Real .

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  1. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Fuengirola (Málaga), Spain

    José Carlos Báez

  2. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Fuengirola (Málaga), Spain

    Juan-Tomás Vázquez

  3. Asociación Herpetológica Española, Madrid, Spain

    Juan Antonio Camiñas

  4. Institut National de Recherche Halieutique, Casablanca, Morocco

    Mohammed Malouli Idrissi

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Real, R. et al. (2021). Biogeographical and Macroecological Context of the Alboran Sea. In: Báez, J.C., Vázquez, JT., Camiñas, J.A., Malouli Idrissi, M. (eds) Alboran Sea - Ecosystems and Marine Resources . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65516-7_11

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