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Die Entwicklung der Geschlechter

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Entwicklungspsychologie im Kindes- und Jugendalter

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Zusammenfassung

In diesem Kapitel diskutieren wir vor allem die folgenden beiden Fragen: Wie ähnlich oder unterschiedlich sind Mädchen und Jungen in Bezug auf bestimmte psychologische Variablen? Und was könnte Unterschieden zwischen ihnen zugrunde liegen? Nach einer eingehenderen Beschäftigung mit den Begriffen „Geschlecht“ und „Gender“ betrachten wir zunächst die physiologischen, kognitiv-motivationalen und kulturellen Einflüsse, die zur Geschlechterentwicklung beitragen können. Dann skizzieren wir die wichtigsten Meilensteine der Entwicklung von Geschlechterstereotypen und des geschlechtsstereotypen Verhaltens in der Kindesentwicklung. Anschließend vergleichen wir, was man derzeit über die Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede von Jungen und Mädchen in bestimmten Entwicklungsbereichen weiß: insbesondere zur körperlichen Entwicklung, zum Erwerb kognitiver und sozialer Fähigkeiten und zur Persönlichkeitsentwicklung.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Im Deutschen wird mitunter auch zwischen dem biologischen und dem sozialen Geschlecht unterschieden, wobei das biologische Geschlecht dem Englischen Begriff „sex“ entspricht, und soziales Geschlecht dem englischen Begriff „gender“. Die Bezeichnung „Sex“, die in der deutschen Umgangssprache mit erotischer Konnotation verbunden ist, wird in der deutschen Übersetzung vermieden (Anm. d. Hrsg.).

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  1. Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, USA

    Robert Siegler

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA

    Jenny R. Saffran

  3. Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA

    Elizabeth T. Gershoff

  4. Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA

    Nancy Eisenberg

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Siegler, R., Saffran, J.R., Gershoff, E.T., Eisenberg, N. (2021). Die Entwicklung der Geschlechter. In: Entwicklungspsychologie im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62772-3_15

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