Pecten O. F. Müller, 1776
MÜLLER, O. F. 1776. Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum, characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. xxxii, 281 p. Hallageriis, Havniae [Copenhagen]. [p. 248]
«2989. PECTEN maximus testa inaquivalvi, radlis rotundatis longitudinaliter striatis. N. Kiering-Ore. P, N. N. 2. c. 7. p. 262. f. Ostrea Linn.»
OTTO FRIEDRICH MÜLLER, 1776
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Pecten maximus; J. H. Chemnitz, 1784, Neues Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet Cabinet. In F. H. Martini & J. H. Chemnitz (1769-1795): Neues systematisches Conchylien Cabinet, Band 7, plate 60, figure 585.
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Pecten fumatus Reeve; H. H. Dijkstra & A. G. Beu, 2018, Living scallops of Australia and adjacent waters, figures 55B, 55D, 55E, 55G, 55H.
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«Pecten Müller, 1776
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Diagnosis. Pectinini with a sturdy, subcircular shell, up to c. 150 mm in height, with almost flat to concave left valve and strong inflated right valve, both valves with radial macrosculpture and commarginal microsculpture. Auricles almost equal in size. Byssal notch shallow, ctenolium weak in juveniles and lacking in adult stage. Internal rib carinae prominent. Multiple, prominent intermediate hinge teeth between the dorsal and resilial teeth (Waller, 1991: 38, figs 6e–f). Pre-radial area of left valve unusually tall, up to 10 mm high, smooth.
Distribution. Early Miocene–Recent. The early Miocene species Pecten beudanti Basterot, 1825 is the “earliest true Pecten” according to Waller (2006a: 24); the Oligocene species “Pecten” arcuatus (Brocchi, 1814) was included in Gigantopecten by Waller (2006a: 24). Philippia von Teppner (1922: 87, 221) (type species Pecten arcuatus Brocchi, 1814; junior homonym of Philippia Gray, 1847) therefore is a synonym of Gigantopecten rather than Pecten. Pecten: E Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific, living in the littoral zone, generally in colonies, with the convex right valve settled into soft sediment and the flat left valve lying at the sediment-water interface, most specimens camouflaged with a thin layer of sediment.
Discussion. Hertlein (1969: N366) placed Pecten in the Pecten (Pecten) subgroup, together with Amussiopecten Sacco, 1897, Euvola Dall, 1898, Flabellipecten Sacco, 1897, and Oppenheimopecten von Teppner, 1922 as subgenera of Pecten.
Waller (1991: 36, fig. 11) placed Amussiopecten, Amusium, Pecten, and Euvola in the Pecten group, and subsequently in tribe Pectinini (Waller, 1993: 198). More recently, Waller (2006a: 22–27, fig. 1.3) recognized two tribes for this group, placing Amusium, Euvola, Leopecten and Amussiopecten in tribe Amusiini and Pecten, Annachlamys and Gigantopecten in tribe Pectinini. For phylogenetic relationships see Waller (1991, 1993, 2006a, 2007, 2011).» DIJKSTRA, H. H. & A. G. BEU. 2018. Living scallops of Australia and adjacent waters (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinoidea: Propeamussiidae, Cyclochlamydidae and Pectinidae). Records of the Australian Museum, 70 (2): 113-330, figs. 1-102. [p. 219, 220]
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«Genus Pecten Müller, 1776
Pecten Müller 1776, p. 248. Type species (by subsequent designation, Schmidt 1818, Genus 145): Ostrea maxima Linné, 1758, Pleistocene and Recent, NE Atlantic
REMARKS: The enormous synonymy of the generic name Pecten includes Argus Poli (1791, p. 32; junior homonym of Argus Bohadsch, 1761, of Argus Scopoli, 1763, and of Argus Scopoli, 1777), Argoderma Poli (1795, pp. 254, 260), Pallium Schröter (1802, in 1801–1806, p. 135; substitute name for Pecten Müller, 1776; Rehder 1944, p. 54); Pectinium Link (1807, p. 156); Pandora Megerle von Mühlfeld (1811, p. 59; junior homonym of Pandora Bruguière, 1797); Janira Schumacher (1817, pp. 40, 177; junior homonym of Janira Leach, 1814); Pectinites Schlotheim (1813, pp. 92, 103, 112; not available, ICZN Article 20; junior homonym of Pectinites Gesner, 1758, and of Pectinites Gmelin, 1791); Janera G. B. Sowerby II (1839, p. 52; ?error for Janira Schumacher, 1817); Vola “Klein” Mörch (1853, p. 59); Philippia von Teppner (1922, pp. 87, 221; junior homonym of Philippia Gray, 1847); Oppenheimopecten von Teppner (1922, pp. 87, 254); Deperetia von Teppner (1922, pp. 87, 259); Heritschia von Teppner (1922, pp. 87, 264); Jaworskia von Teppner (1922, pp. 87, 266); Notovola Finlay (1926, p. 451); and Convexopecten Tucker-Rowland (1938, p. 82). There are probably many further synonyms. Cahuzac (2005) illustrated the type species of both Oppenheimopecten and Convexopecten, Pecten josslingi J. Smith, 1847, from the Miocene of Portugal and the Aquitaine Basin, SW France. A long discussion of early usages of the genus-group name Pecten was provided by Tucker (1936, pp. 417–475), who pointed out that all usages before that of Müller (1776) are nomina nuda.
Stewart (1930, p. 34) doubted the validity of the subsequent type species designation for Pecten by Schmidt (1818) listed above, as it was one of many proposed by Schmidt for both Pecten Lamarck and the sections of Pecten proposed by Megerle von Mühlfeld (1811), while not specifically applying to Pecten Müller, 1776. However, Stewart tentatively treated it as valid, as Ostrea maxima Linné, 1758 was the only original species included by Müller (1776) designated by Schmidt (1818), and the next designation of a type species, that of Children (1823), selected the same species; see also the discussion of Schmidt (1818) by Winckworth (1944).» BEU, A. G. 2006. Marine Mollusca of oxigen isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Par 2. Biostrattigraphically usefull and new Pliocene to Recent bivalves. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 36 (4): 151-338, figs. 1-41. p. 194]
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«Remarks. As Pecten is given only passing mention here, having arrived in Australia (and New Zealand) only during the Pleistocene, we do not list in full the enormous generic synonymy of Pecten, sensu stricto. The synonyms are listed, at least in part, by Hertlein (1969: N366-N367). Suffice to say here that we agree entirely with Fleming (1957) and Waller (1991: 37-38) that such names as Oppenheimopecten Teppner, 1922 and Notovola Finlay, 1926 are synonyms of Pecten.»
BEU, A. G. & T. A. DARRAGH. 2001. Revision of southern Australian Cenozoic fossil Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 113: 1-205, figs. 1-67. [p. 183]
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