Frangula Mill.

Doubtfully present in:

Guyana

Native to:

Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Azores, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, California, Cambodia, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Colorado, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, Florida, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Louisiana, Maryland, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Morocco, Myanmar, Netherlands, Nevada, New Mexico, Nicaragua, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, South Carolina, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Tuva, Ukraine, Utah, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yugoslavia

Extinct in:

Madeira

Introduced into:

Canary Is., Connecticut, Hawaii, Iowa, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Québec, Rhode I., Saskatchewan, Uzbekistan, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2014). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 7: 1-840. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

An alternative taxonomy had been proposed by the following authorities:

• Govaerts, R. (2001). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS E-F: 1-50919. [Cited as Rhamnus.]