AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how.

Presentation on theme: "AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how."— Presentation transcript:

1

2 AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how body systems interact to maintain homeostasis ACTIVITY: Answer worksheet on body systems REFLECTION HOMEWORK Topic: BODY SYSTEMS Aim : How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis? Write the structures listed below in order from least complex to most complex. organ cell organism body systems organelle tissue Organelle Cell Tissue Organ body system Organism DO NOW: (5 mins)

3 BODY SYSTEMS- consists of group of organs that work together to carry out specific function. stomach intestines liver mouthDigestive system Topic: BODY SYSTEMS Aim : How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis? MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS) AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how body systems interact to maintain homeostasis ACTIVITY: Answer worksheet on body systems REFLECTION HOMEWORK

4 A.MUSCULAR S. body movement ABCDEF B. NERVOUS S. transmission of nerve impulses C. RESPIRATORY S. release of energy D. DIGESTIVE S. breaking down of food E. CIRCULATORY S. transport of materials F. EXCRETORY S. Removal of metabolic wastes MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS) Topic: BODY SYSTEMS Aim : How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how body systems interact to maintain homeostasis ACTIVITY: Answer worksheet on body systems REFLECTION HOMEWORK

5 Pair # 1 ABCDEF Nervous system transmits nerve impulse to the Brain that enables the muscles to move MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS) Topic: BODY SYSTEMS Aim : How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how body systems interact to maintain homeostasis ACTIVITY: Answer worksheet on body systems REFLECTION HOMEWORK

6 Pair # 2 ABCDEF digestive system breaks down food molecules and respiratory system releases the energy MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS) Topic: BODY SYSTEMS Aim : How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how body systems interact to maintain homeostasis ACTIVITY: Answer worksheet on body systems REFLECTION HOMEWORK

7 Pair # 3 ABCDEF Excretory system removes metabolic wastes while the circulatory system transports the wastes out from the body MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS) Topic: BODY SYSTEMS Aim : How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how body systems interact to maintain homeostasis ACTIVITY: Answer worksheet on body systems REFLECTION HOMEWORK

8 Which of the following pairs of systems are known to be the main control systems that regulate the function of the other body systems? (1)Respiratory& Digestive (3) Muscular & Skeletal (2)Nervous & Endocrine (4) Circulatory & Excretory TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? DO NOW: (5 mins) AGENDA 02/25/’10 DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK

9 TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? DO NOW: (5 mins) AGENDA 12/03/’13 DO NOW: Answer Sample vocabulary card MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK WHEN YOUR BLOOD SUGAR RISES, I COME TO YOUR RESCUE. PEOPLE WITH DIABETIS CANNOT LIVE WITHOUT ME. WHAT AM I? I _ _ _ _ _ _

10 Regulatory Systems  Nervous System - transmits nerve impulses to and from the brain  Endocrine System - releases chemical messengers to the blood stream. o glands - r eleases hormones TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS)

11 Hormones - Chemical messengers that regulate body processes - Specific with their target Hormones 1 2 3 M I N I L E S S O N (10-15 MINS) TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK

12 pprocess of self regulation ddetects changes in body’s normal condition & takes corrective measures. AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS) FEEDBACK MECHANISM

13 The Endocrine System A Regulatory System

14 The Endocrine System

15 HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS

16 The Endocrine System THE BODY ACTIVITIES ARE COORDINATED  Hormones – substances that are secreted by cells that act to regulate the activity of other cells.  Hormones regulate many processes such as : growth, development, behavior and reproduction.

17 The Endocrine System THE BODY ACTIVITIES ARE COORDINATED  Endocrine hormones help coordinate the production, use & storage of energy.  Endocrine hormones help allow us to react to stimuli from outside the body.

18 The Endocrine System To maintain balance is to maintain coordination is to maintain homeostasis… thanks to hormones http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw3/eBridge/Chp27/animations/ch27/1_glucose_regulation.swf http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw3/eBridge/Chp27/animations/ch27/1_glucose_regulation.swf Glucose Regulation

19 The Endocrine System HORMONES ARE MADE IN CERTAIN ORGANS AND TISSUES  Endocrine Glands – Are ductless glands in the body that release their product(s) directly into blood stream or the extracellular fluid around the outside of cells.

20 The Endocrine System HORMONES ARE MADE IN CERTAIN ORGANS AND TISSUES  The hormones usually will end up somewhere else in the body. Hormones are used to regulate and coordinate systems of the body.

21 A. PITUITARY GLAND ( MASTER G.) Growth h. prolactin, endorphins B. THYROID GLAND Thyroxine ( energy used up) C. ADRENAL GLAND Adrenaline- fight & flight reaction D. PANCREAS Insulin ( regulates blood sugar) A B F D E C E. OVARIES Estrogen& progesterone ( female secondary sex characteristics) F.TESTES Testosterone & androgen ( male secondary sex characteristics) TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? M I N I L E S S O N (10-15 MINS) AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK

22 The Endocrine System Endocrine Disorders Hypo – a disorder where a gland is not secreting enough of a hormone. Hyper – a disorder where a gland is secreting too much of a hormone.

23 MALFUNCTIONS 1. Diabetis -H-High or low sugar in the blood 2.Goiter -S-Swelling of thyroid gland 3. Giantism - Over secretion of growth hormones AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? MINI LESSON (10-15 MINS)

24 AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? ACTIVITY (10-15 MINS) 1.

25 AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS) 2.

26 AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS) 3.

27 AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS) 4.

28 AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS) Identify one hormone produced by the body and explain how it maintains body’s homeostasis 5.

29 SUMMARY/WRAP UP (5- MINS.) 6. What are hormones? Identify one sex hormone and explain its function. Give the function of insulin and identify the organ/gland that produces it. TOPIC: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AIM: How does endocrine system maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer Sample Regent Test Question MINI LESSON: Identify two systems that regulate body processes Discuss the function of the hormones Explain feedback mechanism Identify parts of the endocrine glands & the function of the hormones they secreted. ACTIVITY: Slideshow REFLECTION HOMEWORK

30 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS Amino - Acid Based Hormones – are water-soluble hormone made of amino acids. Steroid Hormones – fat- soluble hormone derived cholesterol. Once hormones are secreted into the blood or extracellular fluid they are transported to a target cell(s) where they will have a desired effect. http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13704http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13704 Actions of Hormones

31 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS Protein based hormones bind to a specific receptor on the cell membrane of the target cell.

32 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS This binding of the hormone and membrane receptor causes a series of internal changes to occur with in the target cell.

33 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS Examples of changes include transcription, exocytosis or endocytosis, membrane channels to open or close. See textbook Page 986

34 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS Examples of changes include transcription, exocytosis or endocytosis, membrane channels to open or close. See textbook Page 986

35 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS Steroid hormones are all derived from cholesterol, a lipid. It can diffuse directly through the cell membrane, which is also made up of lipids.

36 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS Steroid hormones usually combine with nuclear membrane receptors. This produces an activated hormone- receptor complex.

37 The Endocrine System HORMONES ACT ON SPECIFIC CELLS The receptor hormone complex will bind directly to a gene and causing transcription of the gene to occur, leading to the production of a new protein. See textbook Page 980-981 http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw3/eBridge/Chp27/animations/ch27/cellular_activity_h ormones.swfhttp://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw3/eBridge/Chp27/animations/ch27/cellular_activity_h ormones.swf Cellular activity of Steroid Hormones

38 The Endocrine System THE RELEASE OF HORMONES MUST BE REGULATED Negative Feedback – mechanism used in homeostasis to keep monitored variable within a certain range. A change in one direction stimulates two control mechanisms to counteract further change in the same direction.

39 Homeostasis is one of the fundamental characteristics of living things. It refers to the maintenance of the internal environment within tolerable limits. All sorts of factors affect the suitability of our body fluids to sustain life; these include properties like temperature, salinity, acidity, and the concentrations of nutrients and wastes. Because these properties affect the chemical reactions that keep us alive, we have built-in physiological mechanisms to maintain them at desirable levels. When a change occurs in the body, there are two general ways that the body can respond. In negative feedback, the body responds in such a way as to reverse the direction of change. Because this tends to keep things constant, it allows us to maintain homeostasis. On the other hand, positive feedback is also possible. This means that if a change occurs in some variable, the response is to change that variable even more in the same direction. This has a de-stabilizing effect, so it does not result in homeostasis. Positive feedback is used in certain situations where rapid change is desirable. To illustrate the components involved in negative feedback, we can use the example of a driver trying to stay near the speed limit. The desired value of a variable is called the set point. Here, the set point is a speed of 55 mph; in controlling body temperature, the set point would be 98.6 degrees. The control center is what monitors the variable and compares it with the set point. Here, the control center is the driver; for body temperature, it would be the hypothalamus of the brain. If the variable differs from the set point, the control center uses effectors to reverse the change. Here, the effector is the foot on the accelerator pedal; in controlling body temperature, it would include the glands that sweat and the muscles that shiver.

40 The Endocrine System

41

42 Malfunctions DiseaseSymptom GoiterEnlargement of the thyroid (red round gland in throat). DiabetesLack of insulin.

43 The Endocrine System Nervous System vs. Endocrine Nervous Endocrine Type of Chemical Message NeurotransmittersHormones PathwayNeuron adjacent to other neuron.Bloodstream Extacellular fluid outside of cell TimingQuick reaction. Short effect not very long lasting Slow reaction Long lasting

44 HormoneSecreted byTarget TissueEffects Follicle Stimulating Hormone Pituitary GlandOvaries and Testes Regulates the development of male and female gametes CortisolAdrenal glandLiver Reaction to long term stress; increases blood glucose levels (energy) Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) HypothalamusPituitary Gland Reaction to stress; tells pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) which leads to increased blood glucose Adrenocortico- tropic hormone (ACTH) Pituitary glandAdrenal gland Stimulates the release of cortisol and other steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex – increases blood glucose Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Pituitary glandOvaries and Testes Stimulates the release of egg in females; stimulates secretion of sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen and progesterone) ProlactinPituitary glandMammary glandsStimulates milk production in breasts Growth Hormone (GH) Pituitary glandAll tissues Stimulates protein synthesis and bone and muscle growth Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Pituitary glandThyroid gland Stimulates the synthesis and release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Pituitary glandKidneys, blood vessels Stimulates reabsorption of water from the kidney; constricts blood vessels

45 HormoneSecreted byTarget TissueEffects OxytocinPituitary gland Mammary glands, uterus Stimulates uterine contractions and milk production CalcitoninThyroid glandBone tissue Stimulates calcium to be deposited in bone tissue in order to lower blood calcium levels Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Parathryroid glands (back of thyroid) Bone tissue; kidney Stimulates bone cells to break down and release calcium to blood; stimulates kidneys to reabsorb calcium from urine; activates vitamin D which helps absorb calcium in intestines Epinephrine (adrenaline) Adrenal glandLiver, muscle Increases blood sugar, increases blood pressure, increases heart rate in response to stress – fight or flight Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) Adrenal glandLiver, muscle Decreases blood sugar, decreases blood pressure, decreases heart rate in response to no stress – rest and digest AldosteroneAdrenal glandKindey, sweat glands Retrieves sodium from fluid filtered in kidney (urine); increases volume of blood which increases blood pressure; stimulates kidneys to get rid of potassium Insulin Pancreas (islets of langerhans) Liver Stimulates liver to build glycogen from glucose and helps cells take up glucose  decreases blood glucose Glucagon Pancreas (islets of langerhans) Liver Stimulates liver to break down glycogen to glucose  increases blood glucose

46 BODY SYSTEMS 1. Digestive system breaks down food to its simplest from proteinsamino acids starches glucose enzymes- Chemicals that speed up chem. rxns salivary amylase-b-breaks down starch in the mouth protease-b-breaks down proteins bile-b-breaks down fats - produced by the liver TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK M I N I L E S S O N (10-15 MINS)

47 MOUTH DIGESTS STARCH ESOPHAGUS FOOD TUBE STOMACH DIGESTS PROTEINS/STORAGE LARGE INTESTINES ABSORB EXCESS WATER AND STORES WASTES SMALL INTESTINES DIGEST FATS ANUS EGESTS WASTES BILE DIGESTS FATS LIVER RELEASES BILE GALL BLADDER STORES BILE TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK M I N I L E S S O N (10-15 MINS)

48 1.Ulcer -Open sore in stomach lining 2. Appendicitis -Infection/ inflammation of the appendix 3. Diarrhea -Too much unabsorbed water in the large intestine 4. Constipation - Too little unabsorbed water in the large intestine TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK M I N I L E S S O N (10-15 MINS)

49 TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS)

50 TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS)

51 TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS)

52 TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS)

53 TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS)

54 TOPIC: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AIM: How do we identify & describe the parts &functions of digestive system? AGENDA DO NOW: Answer regent based question MINI LESSON: Discuss the function of digestive system Discuss the role of enzymes in the digestion of food Identify and give the function of each part of the digestive system ACTIVITY: Answer sample regent question from the L.E. test booklet. REFLECTION Share Out HOMEWORK ACTIVITY (5-10 MINS)

55 HOMEWORK Explain how digestive and circulatory system interact to maintain body’s homeostasis Topic: BODY SYSTEMS Aim : How do body systems work together to maintain homeostasis? AGENDA DO NOW: Arrange biological levels of organization from least to most complex MINI LESSON: Identify and describe systems of the body Explain how body systems interact to maintain homeostasis ACTIVITY: Answer worksheet on body systems REFLECTION HOMEWORK HOMEWORK (5 MINS)