SBORNÍK
NÁRODNÍHO MUZEA V PRAZE
ŘADA B – PŘÍRODNÍ VĚDY
A C TA
M U S E I N AT I O N A L I S P R A G A E
S E R I E S B – H I S T O R I A N AT U R A L I S
66 • 2010 • 1–2
Kamil Zágoršek:
BRYOZOA FROM THE LANGHIAN (MIOCENE) OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC
PART I: GEOLOGY OF THE STUDIED SECTIONS, SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF THE ORDERS CYCLOSTOMATA,
CTENOSTOMATA AND "ANASCAN" CHEILOSTOMATA (SUBORDERS MALACOSTEGA LEVINSEN, 1902
AND FLUSTRINA SMITT, 1868)
CONTENTS
Kamil Zágoršek: Bryozoa from the Langhian (Miocene) of the Czech Republic
Part I: Geology of the studied sections, systematic description of the orders Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata and "Anascan"
Cheilostomata (Suborders Malacostega Levinsen, 1902 and Flustrina Smitt, 1868)
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Material and methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Sections with Bryozoa from the Vienna Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Sections with Bryozoa from the Carpathian Foredeep Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Systematic part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Family Stomatoporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Oncousoeciidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Tubuliporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Plagioeciidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Terviidae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Entalophoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Frondiporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Crisiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Horneridae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Crisinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Cerioporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Family Lichenoporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Family Terebriporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Family Membraniporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Family Electridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Family Calloporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Family Cupuladriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Family Candidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Family Microporidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Family Lunulitidae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Family Onychocellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Family Steginoporellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Family Thalamoporellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Family Monoporellidae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Family Cellariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Explanation of the plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Cover photo: Part of the colony of Hornera cf. frondiculata from the section Přemyslovice.
SBORNÍK NÁRODNÍHO MUZEA V PRAZE
Řada B – Přírodní vědy • sv. 66 • 2010 • čís. 1–2 • s. 3–136
A C TA M U S E I N AT I O N A L I S P R A G A E
Series B – Historia Naturalis • vol. 66 • 2010 • no. 1–2 • pp. 3–136
BRYOZOA FROM THE LANGHIAN (MIOCENE) OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC
PART I: GEOLOGY OF THE STUDIED SECTIONS, SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF THE ORDERS
CYCLOSTOMATA, CTENOSTOMATA AND "ANASCAN" CHEILOSTOMATA (SUBORDERS
MALACOSTEGA LEVINSEN, 1902 AND FLUSTRINA SMITT, 1868)
KAMIL ZÁGORŠEK
National Museum, Prague,Václavské nám. 68, 115 79 Praha 1, Czech Republic; e-mail: kamil_zagorsek@nm.cz.
Zágoršek, K (2010): Bryozoa from the Langhian (Miocene) of the Czech Republic. Part I: Geology of the studied sections, systematic
description of the orders Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata and "Anascan" Cheilostomata (Suborders Malacostega Levinsen, 1902 and Flustrina
Smitt, 1868). – Acta Mus. Nat. Prague, Ser. B, Hist. Nat., Praha. ISSN: 0036-5343.
Abstract: A total of 158 species of Bryozoa have been found and indentified in sediments from 34 sections, all of Langhian (Early Badenian) age, from the Czech Republic. All the studied sections where bryozoans were found have been described. All identified species belonging to the orders Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata and "Anascan" Cheilostomata (Suborders Malacostega Levinsen, 1902 and Flustrina Smitt,
1868) are described and illustared in detail. Among them are four new species: Frondipora parva sp.n., Copidozoum natalae sp. n., Cupuladria baluki sp.n. and Calpensia rebeshovensis sp.n.
n
Bryozoa, Miocene, Langhian, taxonomy, systematic
Received February 2010
Issued July 2010
Preface
The work for this paper started in 2000, when I and Prof.
Vávra (University of Vienna) saw Miocene bryozoans from
Podbřežice for the first time. Due to the great similarity of
these bryozoans with Austrian faunas we decided to study
them in detail. Thanks to a project fund from FWF (Fonds
zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Austria),
M517-GEO, we were able to start collecting and rediscovering old, mostly forgotten localities and sections as well as
museum material containing Bryozoan remains. We spent
many weeks together in the field and collected altogether
more than 500 samples. The samples were washed and bryozoans, foraminifers and other fossils studied in an attempt
to answer the question as to why bryozoans are so common
in some locailities, but sometimes almost absent. Thus we
became interested in reconstructing the environmental conditions during the Miocene which resulted in the great biodiversity of Bryozoa in Moravia.
Our investigations yielded an exceptionally rich collection of Bryozoa, which seems to be one of the richest associations from the Miocene in the Alpine-Carpathian region.
The preparation of samples, determination and description
of species continued for almost ten years, and now it seems
we have a much better understanding of bryozoan taxonomy from the Miocene of Moravian. Therefore, I would like
to present the results of these studies now.
Due to the technical reasons, the publication will be split
into two parts. This, the first part contains geology and stratigraphy of the studied sections and a systematic description
of determined bryozoan species from the orders Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata and “Anascan” Cheilostomata (Suborders Malacostega Levinsen, 1902 and Flustrina Smitt,
1868). The second part, containing a detailed systematic
description of Ascophorina bryozoan species belonging to
the Suborder Ascophora Levinsen, 1909, paleoecology and
conclusions, will follow in the next editon of the Journal.
Acknowledgements
This study of Bryozoa from the Miocene of Moravia
was initiated by Prof. Norbert Vávra (Vienna) in 2000 and
I am really grateful for his initiative, discusion and great
help during all my work. Many other people and organizations supported my work, to whom I owe a great debt. Dr.
Dennis Gordon (National Institute of Water and Atmosphere,
Wellington, New Zealand) provided helpful comments on
an earlier version of the paper and improved the English.
Both he and Prof. Giampietro Braga (University of Padova,
Italy) offered useful suggestions on taxonomy, mostly
regarding Cheilostomata. Thorough reading and useful
comments were also provided by Prof. Vávra, from the
Department of Palaeontology (University of Vienna, Austria). Dr. Zdenek Pouzar from the mycological department
of the National Museum Prague corrected the proposed new
names. I express many thanks to all of them.
I am also grateful to colleagues from Masaryk University Brno (Doc. Nehyba, Doc. Hladilová, Dr. Doláková), from the
Moravian Museum in Brno (Dr. Gregorová), from Prostějov
museum (Dr. Jašková), from Olomouc university (Dr. Le3
hotský) as well as to colleagues from my institute who supported me greatly during field work and understanding the general
situation in Moravia during the Miocene and who also introduced me to the beautiful hidden world of the last sea in Middle Europe.
My thanks go also to reviewers Prof. Vávra and Doc. Holcová, for their useful and helpful comments. I am thankful to
Gill Horalek for correcting my English and make the text more
readable.
The project FWF P19337-B17 covered the costs of SEM
study, it enabled the taxonomical work to be completed and
preparation of the first version of the manuscript. The field
work and laboratory studies were mainly supported by project
GAČR 205/09/0103 (Shallow water ecosystems from the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys: Succession and interactions between inorganic and organic elements of the ecosystems). The publishing costs were partly covered by project
MK00002327201 from the Ministry of Culture ČR, who also
supported revision of the museum material.
I would like to dedicate this research to my family, who
have sufficient courage to help me wherever I need it and without their help, this work would never be finished ….
Introduction
Bryozoans are marine and fresh water colonial animals.
Fresh water bryozoans do not precipitate calcite skeletons,
resulting in a very problematic fossil record. Remains of bryozoans in marine sediments are very common.
Miocene marine sediments in the Czech Republic belong to
the area of the former Central Paratethys, a large intracontinental sea consisting of a chain of basins frequently connected with
the Mediterranean, the Indo-Pacific and the Atlantic, but periodically also isolated (Rögl and Steininger, 1983; Rögl, 1998;
Popov et al., 2004, Piller et al., 2007). Different environmental
changes (oscillations of salinity, oxygen content, sea-level and
climate) were reported during development of the basins. (Rögl,
1998; Kováč, 2000; Popov et al., 2004, Harzhauser and Piller,
2007 etc.). Remains of two marine basins may be found in the
Czech Republic: the Vienna Basin and the Carpathian Foredeep.
The Vienna Basin was formed as a pull-apart basin along the
junction of the Eastern Alps and the Western Carpathians (Royden, 1985). The development of the Vienna Basin was studied
by many authors (among others Kováč et al., 2004; Strauss et
al., 2006; Piller et al. 2007).
The Carpathian Foredeep Basin was formed on the southern edge of the European Platform at the front of the overriding
Carpathian accretionary wedge (Oszczypko, 1998; Slaczka and
Oszczypko, 2002).
All the studied profiles were of Early Badenian (= Langhian) age (Holcová and Zágoršek, 2008). Tropical to subtropical water-masses invaded the Vienna basin and the Carpathian
Foredeep in the Central Paratethys during the Langhian large
marine transgression (Rögl, 1998). This large transgression
caused rapid immigration of the marine fauna (Harzhauser and
Piller, 2007) including bryozoans (Holcová and Zágoršek,
2008).
Generally shallow water and a warm climate has been suggested for these associations, while four different bryozoans clusters
have been recognized (Holcová and Zágoršek, 2008). The Retero4
porella-Hornera verrucosa cluster occupies the high-energy
environment with sandy bottom; Buffonellodes-Rhynchozoon
lived together with seagrass on carbonate substrate, SmittinaMetrarabdotos can tolerate decrease of the oxygen content in
the muddy bottom sediment and S. tenella-S.tetragona cluster
may occupy high-energy environment with presence of seagrass meadows (Holcová and Zágoršek, 2008).
Material and methods
The bryozoans were studied from the washed residuum in
fractions larger than 200 µm. A few samples from more lithified
rock samples were “laboratory weathered” and/or treated with
acetic acid as described by Zágoršek and Vávra (2000). Finally
the samples were cleaned in an ultrasonic bath. The detailed
determination and the study of preserved skeletal elements were
carried out using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) JSM6400 Jeol type in the Paleontological Department of Vienna
University and Hitachi S3700N from the National Museum
Prague.
Results
Altogether 158 species were identified (Table 1) from 34
sections. The preservation of bryozoans is usually excellent; the
colonies are only slightly fractionated, which indicates only
very short transport.
Sections with Bryozoa from the Vienna Basin
Only a small area (the northernmost part) of the Vienna
Basin is situated within the Czech Republic. Bryozoans were
found at six localities: Mikulov, Mušlov, Sedlec, Hlohovec,
Nesyt and Podivín (Text-fig. 1). Only the section Mikulov
yielded a profile in which the succession of bryozoans were
studied. From the other localities only spot samples were taken.
From the locality Podivín, museum material was also studied.
Localities were described in detail (including biostratigraphy)
in Zágoršek et al. (2004 and 2007a). A list of determined species
with distrubution in the studied samples is given in Table 2.
For a more detailed discussion of the Middle Miocene interval in the Vienna Basin see Holcová and Zágoršek (2008).
Mikulov
The section of Mikulov is situated on the slope of a small
hill called Kienberg (previous names were Kimberg or Kimberk) about 3, 6 km east of the city of Mikulov. The section may
be divided into three localities: the slope – lowermost profile on
greyish marl with very abundant celleporids, the quarry – yellowish marl to limestone with algae and molluscs, and the vineyard – sand to marl with very abundant molluscs (Text-fig. 2).
The profile in the slope (GPS position: 48° 48.321’N, 016°
41.094’E, the bottom of the profile is 228m above sea level) is
about 4 meters high. Dominant fossils are celleporid bryozoans
and in the upper part fragments of molluscs.
The quarry is situated above the slope of this section (GPS
position: 48° 48.221’N, 016° 41.140’ E, the bottom of the profile is 230m above sea level), so perhaps the uppermost samples
Mik-9 and Mik-10 may be correlated with the samples from the
quarry. The limestone contains mainly algae remains, marl
intercalations are rich in echinoderms and molluscs, mainly
oysters, being very often encrusted by bryozoans.
minor
occurences
1
Hluchov
1
Drnovice MZM
1
Kleneč
1
1
Blučina
1
1
1
1
Vranová Lhota
1
Pratecký vrch
1
1
borehole VK-1
Vranovice
1
Slavkov
sv. Urban
Kroužek
1
Rousínov pumpa
Terešov
1
Kralice
nad Oslavou
Přemyslovice
1
1
1
1
Holubice
Rebešovice
Samples (the samples not included in the
table do not contain bryozoans remains)
Adeonella polystomella
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum
Annectocyma subdivaricata
Batopora rosula
Biflustra savartii
Biflustra sp.
Bobiesipora fasciculata
Buffonellaria holubicensis sp.n.
Buffonellaria kuklinskii sp.n.
Calloporina decorata
Calpensia gracilis
Calpensia rebeshovensis sp.n.
Calpensia sedleci
Calpensia sp. (cf. C. calpensis )
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Celleporaria cornigera
Celleporaria palmata
Celleporaria polythele
Ceriopora tumulifera
Copidozoum natalae sp. n.
Coronopora cf. disticha
Crepidacantha odontostoma
Cribellopora hluchovensis sp.n.
Cribellopora latigastra
Cribellopora sp.
Cribellopora trasoni sp.n.
Crisia cf. eburnea
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Cupuladria baluki sp.n.
Diplosolen obelium
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Disporella goldfussi
Emballotheca seriata
Eokotosokum? Bobiesi
Escharella ovoidea
Escharella reussiana
Escharella tenera
Escharina otophora
Escharoides coccinea
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea giebeli
Exidmonea kuhni
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Fenestrulina sp.
Ferganula rousinovensis sp.n.
Ferganula sp. 1
Ferganula sp. 2
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Flustrellaria sp.
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Frondipora parva sp.n.
Gephyrotes cf. fortunensis
Židlochovice
Oslavany
Podbřežice
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Vienna basin
Table 1.
Z1 Z2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
Samples (the samples not included in the
table do not contain bryozoans remains)
Hagiosynodos campanulata
Hagiosynodos latus
Herentia hyndmanni
Heteropora sp
Hippomenella cf. ampla
Hippomenella mucronelliformis
Hippopleurifera hypsostoma
Hippopleurifera sedgwicki
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hippoporella bicornis
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Hornera verrucosa
Idmidronea coronopus
Idmidronea sp.
Iodictyum rubeschii
Kionidella moravicensis
Laminopora cf. dubia
Lunulites androsaces
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia proboscidea
Mecynoecia pulchella
Mesenteripora flabellum
Metrarabdotos maleckii
Micropora papyracea
Micropora parvicella
Microporella berningi sp.n.
Microporella crenilabris aff. ciliata
Mollia cf. patellaria
Monoporella venusta
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Parasmittina cf. reticulata
Phoceana tubulifera
Plagioecia rotula
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella circumornata
Porella nuda
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina (Cribrilaria ) rarecostata
Puellina venusta
Pyriporella cf. loxopora
Reptadeonella cf. violacea
Reteporella cf. beaniana
Reteporella hluchovensis sp.n.
Reteporella kralicensis
Reteporella ruzenkae sp.n
Reteporella sp.
Reteporella vladkae sp.n.
Reussia regularis
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon oslavanensis sp.n.
Rhynchozoon krouzkovensis sp.n.
Rhynchozoon sp.
6
minor
occurences
Hluchov
Drnovice MZM
Kleneč
Blučina
Vranová Lhota
Pratecký vrch
borehole VK-1
Vranovice
Slavkov
sv. Urban
Rousínov pumpa
Kralice
nad Oslavou
Kroužek
Terešov
Přemyslovice
Rebešovice
Holubice
Židlochovice
Oslavany
Podbřežice
Vienna basin
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Z1 Z2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Number of species
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
minor
occurences
Hluchov
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Drnovice MZM
1
Kleneč
1
1
1
Blučina
1
1
Vranová Lhota
1
1
1
Pratecký vrch
1
1
1
borehole VK-1
Vranovice
1
Slavkov
sv. Urban
Přemyslovice
Rebešovice
Holubice
1
1
1
Rousínov pumpa
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Kroužek
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Z2
Kralice
nad Oslavou
1
1
1
1
Z1
Terešov
Samples (the samples not included in the
table do not contain bryozoans remains)
Saevitella inermis
Scrupocellaria elliptica
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Schizoporella? geminipora
Schizobrachiella? granosoporosa
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella dunk eri
Schizoporella teragona
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Smittipora platystoma
Steginoporella cucullata
Steginoporella tuberculata
Stephanolona pauper
Steraechmella busk i
Terebripora falunica
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Thalamoporella neogenica
Tholopora neufferi
Trochiliopora insignis
Trypostega rugulosa
Tubulipora dimidiata
Tubulipora flabellaris
Tubulipora foliacea
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula cf. macrocheila
Umbonula granulata sp.n.
Umbonula macrocheila
Umbonula spinosa
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Unifissurinella boulangeri
Vibracella trapezoidea
Voigtopora sp.
Ybselosoecia typica
Židlochovice
Oslavany
Podbřežice
Vienna basin
Bryozoan taxa/sections
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
107 112
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20
24
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
64
66
71
92
70
62
25
75
97
52
59
62
The vineyard is situated at a GPS position of 48° 48.378’N,
016° 41.147’E, (the bottom of the profile is 241m above sea
level). Fossils occur in yellowish, calcareous sandstone to
marl, with intercalations of algal limestone.
The quarry and vineyard have been studied by many
authors (among others Tejkal, 1956; Cicha et al., 1998) mainly due to the very rich association of molluscs and vertebrates. The section slope was discovered during recent field
activity. The locality and bryozoan content was briefly
described also by Zágoršek et al. (2004).
Ten samples from the profile “slope” were collected
(Mik-1 to Mik-10); from the quarry and the vineyard only
one sample has been collected from each. The samples Mik4 to Mik-7 are characterized by a mass occurrence of Celleporids with abundant Smittina cervicornis. The most diverse bryozoans were found in the section quarry (35 species), where mostly encrusters dominated, but Smittina,
Reussirella and Schizoporella? geminipora are also abun-
1
49
20
1
1
1
39
26
43
dant. Molluscs dominate in the section vineyard, bryozoans
are only additional fauna elements. Encrusting and opportunistic cyclostomatous (e.g. Tubulipora dimidiata, Pleuronea pertusa) species mainly occur in this association.
Mušlov
The locality Mušlov is represented by an abandoned
quarry (GPS location 48°46.412´ N and 016°45.214´ E) of
algal limestone. This section has been studied in detail by
Zágoršek et al. (2004 and 2007a). Only a few species of
bryozoans have been identified here (Table 2), mainly
Schizoporella tetragona growing as a multilamellar, globular colony encrusting shells and rocks.
Sedlec
The locality represents an abandoned quarry (GPS location 48°46.513´ N and 016°40.427´ E) of algal limestone,
intercalated with marls, situated on the northern margin of
7
Text-fig 1. Geographical sketch of the studied sections (modified from Doláková et al., 2008)
the village of Sedlec, about 1 km NE from the hill Skalky
(257m above sea level). The second place, where bryozoans
are found around Sedlec was an agricultural area (GPS
position: 48°46.758’N, 016°40.132’ E).
The locality, with old names Voitesbrunn, Voitelsbrunn
or Voitlsbrunn, was mentioned for the first time by Reuss
(1847), but then forgotten for a long time. Čtyroký et al. (1992)
indicated the presence of Miocene sediments in a place called
Skalky. The rediscovering of the studied section occured during field activity in spring 2004 (Zágoršek et al., 2004).
The quarry does not exist any more, it was buried under
rubbish in 2008. The sample from this quarry contains
mainly erect forms dominated by the new species Calpensia and Biflustra. The field samples were dominated by
celleporid bryozoans which were very often encrusted by
Rhynchozoon (Table 2).
A pond known as Nový rybník is situated near the section Skalky. Reuss (1847, 1874) described a locality called
Porzteich on the bank of the pond as containing bryozoans.
Čtyroký et al. (1992) also indicated the presence of bryozoa
on a peninsula in this pond. We were however unable to
find any bryozoans in this area during many fieldtrips
between 2001 to 2009, so the locality probably disappeared
during reconstruction of the surroundings of the pond. The
old museum material stored under the name Porzteich is
here referred to as from the Sedlec section.
8
Hlohovec
Bryozoans were collected in a field or in a vineyard situated on a hill between the village Hlohovec and Lake Nesyt (GPS
location 48°46.412 N and 016°45.214 E). The main occurrence
of bryozoans were on a slope 203m above see level.
The locality Hlohovec was known since Reuss’ time,
who described it as Bischofswart, or ‘Bischofwart’ resp.
‘Bischofswarth’ (Reuss, 1847, 1874). The locality was rediscovered in 2002 (Zágoršek et al. 2004). The probable outcrop was obviously a quarry, described as ‘Bischofswart’ by
Reuss (1847, 1874) which is situated on the northern slope
of the hill (GPS location 48° 46.530’N, 016° 44.815’E).
The place is however now completely covered by rubbish.
Čtyroký et al. (1992) published a geological map, where
they indicated the presence of bryozoans in the same place,
calling it Stará hora.
The dominant bryozoans are celleporids, which occur in
high abundance (Text-fig. 2), but other species are also common
(Table 2).
Nesyt
On the field north from the lake Nesyt (GPS location
48° 46.858’N, 016° 43.591’E) bryozoan fragments were
found, similar to the assemblages from the locality Hlohovec.
The locality was discovered during field activity in 2007.
Adeonella polystomella
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum
Annectocyma subdivaricata
Batopora rosula
Biflustra savartii
Biflustra sp.
Calloporina decorata
Calpensia gracilis
Calpensia rebeshovensis sp.n.
Calpensia sedleci
Calpensia sp. (cf. C. calpensis )
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Celleporaria cornigera
Celleporaria palmata
Celleporaria polythele
Ceriopora tumulifera
Cribellopora latigastra
Cribellopora sp.
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Cupuladria baluk i sp.n.
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Emballotheca seriata
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Escharella ovoidea
Escharella reussiana
Escharella tenera
Escharoides coccinea
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea giebeli
Exidmonea k uhni
Exidmonea undata
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Hagiosynodos campanulata
Hagiosynodos latus
Herentia hyndmanni
Heteropora sp
Hippopleurifera hypsostoma
Hippopleurifera sedgwick i
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hippoporella bicornis
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera verrucosa
Iodictyum rubeschii
Laminopora cf. dubia
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia proboscidea
Mecynoecia pulchella
Mesenteripora flabellum
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Micropora parvicella
Microporella crenilabris
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
1
1
vineyard
Samples (the samples not included in the MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK
table do not contain bryozoans remains) 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
quarry
Sedlec
Sedlec Sedlec
quarry
qaurry field
1
1
1
1
1
Hlohovec
1
1
1
Podívín
Mikulov
Nesyt
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Mušlov
Table 2.
field
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Plagioecia rotula
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella circumornata
Porella nuda
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina venusta
Reteporella ruzenk ae sp.n
Reteporella sp.
Reussia regularis
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon oslavanensis sp.n.
Saevitella inermis
Scrupocellaria elliptica
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella dunk eri
Schizoporella teragona
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Stephanolona pauper
Terebripora falunica
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Thalamoporella neogenica
Tholopora neufferi
Trypostega rugulosa
Tubulipora dimidiata
Tubulipora flabellaris
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Voigtopora sp.
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
Sedlec Sedlec
quarry
qaurry field
1
1
1
1
1
Hlohovec
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
field
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
5
Podivín
The original outcrop described by Reuss (1847) as Kostel has not been found, it probably disappeared during construction of the highway (Zágoršek et al., 2004). A new outcrop near the village of Podivín was discovered on the right
side (western slope) of the old road leading from Podivín to
Břeclav (GPS location 48°49,758´ N and 016°51,777´ E)
and yielded more than 30 species of Bryozoa (Zágoršek et
al., 2004).
The most common bryozoans in this association are
Schizoporella, Mecynoecia and Celleporids. (Table 2)
8
8
11
11
36 16
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
32
1
1
1
1
35
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Podívín
Sedlec
1
The dominant species are celleporids often encrusted by
Schizostomella grinzingensis and Schizoporella tetragona.
(Table 2)
10
vineyard
Samples (the samples not included in the MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK MIK
table do not contain bryozoans remains)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
quarry
Mikulov
Nesyt
Mušlov
Bryozoan taxa/sections
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
65
1
1
1
1
1
50
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
45 31
Sections with Bryozoa from the Carpathian
Foredeep Basin
The southernmost part of the Carpathian Foredeep Basin is situated within the Czech Republic. Altogether 47 sections from previously described localities (Hladilová and
Zdražílková, 1989 and Doláková et. al., 2008) were checked
and visited (Zágoršek and Holcová, 2005). Bryozoans were
found at 23 localities and sections with profiles are: Podbřežice, Oslavany, Židlochovice, Holubice, Rebešovice, Přemyslovice, Terešov, Kroužek, Kralice nad Oslavou, Rousínov pumpa, Slavkov sv. Urban, Vranová Lhota, Vápno,
Blučina, Kleneč, Žatčany, Služín, Vyškov, Nosislav, Hlubočany, Ptení, Rájec-Jestřebí, Dolní Netčice, Hrušovany
and Hluchov. One borehole VK-1 Vranovice was also stud-
ied (Nehyba et al., 2008a). Museum material only was available from five additional localities: Olomoučany, Čižovec,
Drnovice, Boskovice and Mohyla míru.
Podbřežice
The locality of Podbřežice is situated near the village
with the same name, about 5 km south-east from the village
of Rousínov (Brno district). The profile is represented by
limestone build-ups with a bryozoan framework that occurs
on the southern slope of a small hill about 2 km south of the
village Podbřežice (GPS position 49° 11.909’N and 016°
55.579’E). The second part of the profile has been found
inside the village (GPS position 49° 12.692’N and 016°
55.870’E).
The Podbřežice build-up was mentioned for the first time
by Vlach (1974), who described 15 species of bryozoans.
Subsequently, Novák (1975) determined 18 bryozoan
species, but described none. Unfortunately both papers
remained unpublished; published information about this
locality is by Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989), who did not
determine or describe any Bryozoa. Since 1992 the build-up
is protected as a palaeontological locality. A new detailed
description of the locality with a reconstruction of its environmental history is given in Zágoršek and Holcová (2005)
based on 12 samples collected from each distinctive layer.
The recent study is based on more detailed sampling:
21 new samples (Pr-1 to Pr-21) were collected and studied
a
b
c
d
e
f
Text-fig. 2. Figures of sections: 2a: Destroyed quarry in the section Mohyla míru. 2b: Massive oocurrence of bryozoans in the section at Hlohovec, all white “balls” are colonies of celleporid bryozoans. 2c: Section Podbřežice in year 1974 with clearly visible middle layer (sample Pr-14), which yield the most diverse bryozoan fauna. 2d: Section Mikulov, the profile in slope with indication of
celleporid layer (hammer) 2e: Section Oslavany, the profile in quarry with visible cross bedding indicating very shallow water. 2f:
Section Terešov, the profile in quarry with visible bedding
11
Table 3.
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Podbřežice
Samples (the samples not included in the Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- PrPv
table do not contain bryozoans remains) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Adeonella polystomella
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum
Annectocyma subdivaricata
Biflustra savartii
Bobiesipora fasciculata
Buffonellaria k uk linsk ii sp.n.
Calpensia gracilis
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Celleporaria cornigera
Celleporaria palmata
Coronopora cf. disticha
Crisia cf. eburnea
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Diplosolen obelium
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Disporella goldfussi
Emballotheca seriata
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Escharella ovoidea
Escharella reussiana
Escharella tenera
Escharina otophora
Escharoides coccinea
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea giebeli
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Ferganula rousinovensis sp.n.
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Flustrellaria sp.
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Gephyrotes cf. fortunensis
Hagiosynodos campanulata
Hagiosynodos latus
Herentia hyndmanni
Heteropora sp
Hippopleurifera sedgwick i
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hippoporella bicornis
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Hornera verrucosa
Idmidronea coronopus
Iodictyum rubeschii
Laminopora cf. dubia
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia proboscidea
Mecynoecia pulchella
Mesenteripora flabellum
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Micropora papyracea
Micropora parvicella
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Podbřežice
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Samples (the samples not included in the Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- Pr- PrPv
table do not contain bryozoans remains) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Microporella berningi sp.n.
Microporella crenilabris aff. ciliata
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Plagioecia rotula
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella circumornata
Porella nuda
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina (Cribrilaria ) rarecostata
Puellina venusta
Reteporella cf. beaniana
Reteporella hluchovensis sp.n.
Reteporella k ralicensis
Reteporella sp.
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon oslavanensis sp.n.
Rhynchozoon sp.
Scrupocellaria elliptica
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella dunk eri
Schizoporella teragona
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Smittipora platystoma
Steginoporella cucullata
Stephanolona pauper
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Trochiliopora insignis
Trypostega rugulosa
Tubulipora dimidiata
Tubulipora flabellaris
Tubulipora foliacea
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula granulata sp.n.
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
22 41 36 25 28 34 27 40 42 11 30 50 43 49 35 36 38 17 17 29 29 69
in detail. The bryozoan build-up in Podbřežice is more than
6m high and can be divided into three main horizons (Nehyba et al., 2008b). The lower one (Pr-1 to Pr-13) is represented by limestone layers rich in bryozoans, molluscs and
echinoderms intercalated by thin marl layers. These pelitic
intercalations are very rich in small bryozoan colonies such
as Mecynoecia, Pleuronea and Smittina. The middle horizon is represented by sample Pr-14. It is a marl layer yield-
ing only bryozoan remains and with the highest diversity
dominated by the species Pleuronea and Polyascosoecia.
The upper horizon (samples Pr-15 to Pr-21) is formed by
a biotherm complex composed of celleporid colonies, mostly 3-7 cm in diameter growing close to each other. The
space between these celleporids colonies is filled with calcareous sand, marl or limestone which contains many bryozoans and few other faunal elements. (Text-fig. 2)
13
Podbřežice village (sample Pv) was described for the
first time by Sváček (1995) in his diploma thesis and redescribed by Zágoršek and Holcová (2005). Dominant
species in this section belong to the genera Myriapora,
Metrarabdotos and Smittina. Distribution of identified
species in the studied samples is given in Table 3.
Oslavany
Section Oslavany is situated in an abandoned quarry,
about 1km south from the centre of the city (GPS position
49° 06.826’ N, 016° 20.212’ E). The profile was chosen as
the holostratotype for the Lower Badenian - Moravian stage
(Cicha, 1978a). He described in detail the sedimentology of
the section and listed nannoplankton, foraminifers and mollusc species, but no bryozoans.
The profile is about 10 meters high and is characterized
by alternating fine-grained and coarse-grained sand, often
cross-bedded, and with mud balls.
During our recent investigation we took twelve samples
Osl-1 to Osl-12. Differences may be observed between the
lower part of the profile (Osl-1 to Osl-6) and its upper part
(Osl-8 to Osl-12). More erect species (Phoceana, Pleuronea, and Tervia), more cyclostomatous species and more
specimens of Smittina occur in the lower part, while more
fragments of Hornera, Cellaria and Crisia and more encrusting (Oncousoecia) and free living (Vibracella) species
were observed in the upper part of the profile. Distribution of
identified species in the studied samples is given in Table 4.
The number of species is highly dependent on the size
of the sand grains, which may indicate transport and sorting
of the fossils according to their size. More species have
been determined from the coarse-grained sand than from
the fine-grained sand (Text-fig. 2).
Židlochovice
Section Židlochovice is situated in an abandoned quarry, about 1km north from the centre of the city (GPS position 49° 02.499’N, 016° 37.303’ E). The profile was chosen
as the Faciostratotype for the Lower Badenian - Moravian
stage a part of the Upper Lagenid Zone (Cicha, 1978b). The
sedimentology of the section with a list of all fossils found
(nannoplankton, foraminifers, corals, echinoderms, ostracods, molluscs and fish species but no bryozoans) have
been described in detail by Cicha (1978b).
Sváček (1995) described many bryozoan species from
this locality, but he did not mention, if his samples were
from the section, or only from the surrounding field. A revision of his collection is included in our recent research,
within the sample Z-1.
The quarry has been recently buried however, so the old
profile cannot be studied any more. Only a small profile
(about 2m high) presenting a quaternary redeposition of
Miocene sediments, situated at the northern margin of the
quarry (GPS position 49° 02.499’N, 016° 37.303’E) yielded
bryozoans (sample Z-1). Dominant bryozoan species belong
to the genera Reteporella, Hornera, Metrarabdotos and Smittina. Beside bryozoans, remains of algae are most common.
At the foot of the hill, a garage was built during the year
2004 (GPS position 49° 02.483’N, 16° 37.224’E). The sample (Z-2) taken from the sediment from here contains a very
rich association of bryozoa, with common fragments of
Reteporella and Platonea. Distribution of identified species
in the studied samples is given in Table 1.
14
Holubice
The locality Holubice is situated on a hill top, about 1
km south from the centre of the village of the same name.
The outcrop is situated in an old quarry. (GPS position 49°
10.236’ N and 016° 48.507’ E) in the middle of an agricultural area.
The locality was briefly described by Hladilová and
Zdražílková (1989), who did not determine or describe any
Bryozoans. The studied section is about 3m high and consists of yellowish sand with clay intercalations at the bottom
and algal limestone at the top. The sequence may represent
a slightly reworked older bryozoan sediment, but the
preservation of the colonies is excellent, so only short distance transport may be assumed.
Altogether 7 samples were taken (Hol-1 to Hol-7) from
the profile (Holcová and Zágoršek, 2008); each one contained highly diverse bryozoan fragments. Among them, the
most common are Steginoporella manzonii, Adeonella,
Reteporella, Cellaria and Schizoporella? geminipora.
Encrusters are also very abundant. Distribution of identified
species in the studied samples is given in Table 5.
Rebešovice
The section is situated inside the village Rebešovice, on
the slope of a hill close to a football pitch (GPS position:
49° 06.080’ N, 016° 37.688’ E). It represents a very small
outcrop of Miocene sediment inside younger lacustrine sediments called Rebešovice sand (Novák and Pálenský, 2000).
The museum material is stored at the Museum of Natural
History Brno (MZM Brno) under the number 187 and in
addition to very common species it also contains Steraechmella buski; this is the only one locality where this species
in the Moravian Miocene is common.
The section was never studied before, and was discovered during extended field activity between the years 2004
to 2007.
The profile is about 1m high and altogether 6 samples
were taken. The samples may be divided into two groups,
but the differences are not highly significant. The lower part
of the profile (samples Reb-1 to Reb-3) contains many
Celleporids, and fragments of the genera Adeonella, Steginoporella and Vibracella. In the upper part of the profile
(samples Reb-5 and Reb-6) species of Calpensia dominated with abundant remains of Cribellopora and Schizolepralia. Distribution of identified species in the studied
samples is given in Table 6.
Přemyslovice
Common occurrence of Miocene fossils were earlier
reported in the vicinity of Přemyslovice city by Schwarz
(1946). The locality was rediscovered by Dr. Jašková (Prostějov muzeum) and Dr. Lehotský (University of Olomouc)
in 2005.
A rich association of bryozoan fragments was found in
an agricultural area (GPS location 49°34.169 N and
016°57.928 E) on the north-west margin of the village Přemyslovice. The sample is rich in celleporids and large erect
bryozoans such as Smittina and Myriapora.
Four shallow boreholes were sunk here in the summer
2007. The boreholes (Py-1 to Py-4) were situated close to
Table 4.
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Samples (the samples not included in the
table do not contain bryozoans remains)
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Batopora rosula
Biflustra savartii
Buffonellaria holubicensis sp.n.
Buffonellaria k uk linsk ii sp.n.
Calpensia gracilis
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Cribellopora latigastra
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Cupuladria baluk i sp.n.
Disporella cf. hispida
Emballotheca seriata
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea k uhni
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Frondipora parva sp.n.
Hagiosynodos latus
Heteropora sp
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera verrucosa
Idmidronea coronopus
Iodictyum rubeschii
Laminopora cf. dubia
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia pulchella
Mesenteripora flabellum
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Mollia cf. patellaria
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Parasmittina cf. reticulata
Phoceana tubulifera
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Reptadeonella cf. violacea
Reteporella sp.
Reussia regularis
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon oslavanensis sp.n.
Scrupocellaria elliptica
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Smittina cervicornis
Tervia irregularis
Tubulipora dimidiata
Tubulipora flabellaris
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
Oslavany
OSL 1 OSL 2 OSL 3 OSL 4 OSL 5 OSL 6 OSL 8 OSL 9 OSL 10 OSL 11 OSL 12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
45
1
1
1
1
1
20
1
1
1
1
1
12
1
1
1
7
1
16
1
1
23
1
1
1
1
10
27
8
1
1
1
16
15
Table 5.
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
Holubice
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
Holubice
Samples (the samples not
included in the table do not
contain bryozoans remains)
HOL HOL HOL HOL HOL HOL HOL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Samples (the samples not
included in the table do not
contain bryozoans remains)
HOL HOL HOL HOL HOL HOL HOL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Adeonella polystomella
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum
Annectocyma subdivaricata
Biflustra savartii
Buffonellaria holubicensis sp.n.
Calpensia gracilis
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Coronopora cf. disticha
Crisia cf. eburnea
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Diplosolen obelium
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Disporella goldfussi
Emballotheca seriata
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Escharella tenera
Escharoides coccinea
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea giebeli
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Hagiosynodos latus
Herentia hyndmanni
Heteropora sp
Hippopleurifera sedgwick i
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hippoporella bicornis
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Hornera verrucosa
Iodictyum rubeschii
Laminopora cf. dubia
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia proboscidea
Mecynoecia pulchella
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Mesenteripora flabellum
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Micropora parvicella
Microporella berningi sp.n.
Microporella crenilabris aff. ciliata
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Parasmittina cf. reticulata
Phoceana tubulifera
Plagioecia rotula
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella circumornata
Porella nuda
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina venusta
Reteporella hluchovensis sp.n.
Reteporella k ralicensis
Reteporella ruzenk ae sp.n
Reteporella sp.
Reussia regularis
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon oslavanensis sp.n.
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella dunk eri
Schizoporella teragona
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Trochiliopora insignis
Trypostega rugulosa
Tubulipora dimidiata
Tubulipora flabellaris
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
15
1
58
1
37
10
1
1
1
52
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
72
5
each other. A detailed description of the boreholes is given
in Holcová et al. (2007) and Zágoršek and Holcová (in print).
Altogether 7 samples yielded bryozoans. In all samples
dominant species were Crisidmonea foraminosa, Pleuronea
pertusa and Metrarabdotos maleckii. Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is given in Table 7.
From a wall of the sand-pit, about 8m high, nine samples have been studied in detail. Fossil remains were not
very common, but bryozoans were the most dominant. The
most common species determined include Cellaria, Myriapora and Iodictyum rubeschii. Distribution of identified
species in the studied samples is given in Table 8.
Terešov
An abandoned sand-pit is situated at the eastern margin
of the village Terešov, near Vyškov (GPS location 49°
14.613’ N and 017° 01.091’E). The locality is briefly described by Krystek (1974), who mentioned the occurrence of
Bryozoa within the sedimentary sequence, but did not
describe any of them. (Text-fig. 2)
Kroužek
The section Kroužek is situated less than 2 km southeast from the centre of the village Rousínov, above a football pitch in the district of Kroužek (GPS position 49°
11.512’N and 016° 54.187’E).
The locality is briefly described by Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989), who did not determine or described any Bryozoa.
16
Table 6.
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
Rebešovice
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
Rebešovice
Samples (the samples not
included in the table do not
contain bryozoans remains)
MZ REB REB REB REB REB REB
M
1
2
3
4
5
6
Samples (the samples not
included in the table do not
contain bryozoans remains)
MZ REB REB REB REB REB REB
M
1
2
3
4
5
6
Adeonella polystomella
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum
Biflustra savartii
Calpensia gracilis
Calpensia rebeshovensis sp.n.
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Cribellopora latigastra
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Disporella goldfussi
Emballotheca seriata
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Escharella tenera
Escharoides coccinea
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea giebeli
Exidmonea undata
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Herentia hyndmanni
Heteropora sp
Hippoporella bicornis
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera verrucosa
Iodictyum rubeschii
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia proboscidea
Mecynoecia pulchella
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
The profile is about 4m high and formed by calcareous
sandstone to limestone (Holcová and Zágoršek, 2008).
Recently 24 samples were studied from the section (Krz-1
to Krz-24), but only 14 of them contained bryozoans. The
samples may be separated into four groups: lower, middle,
upper and terminal. Distribution of identified species in the
studied samples is given in Table 9.
The lower part of the section (samples Krz-1 to Krz-7)
contained a bryozoan association, in which cyclostomatous
species, encrusting and flexible colonies were dominant
(genera Cellaria, Scrupocellaria, Reteporella and Crisia).
The middle part (samples Krz-10 to Krz-14) is characterized by the very common occurrence of Smittina, Metrarabdotos with Myriapora. The presence of Crisidmonea,
Polyascosoecia and Crisia characterized the upper part of
the profile (samples Krz-15 to Krz-16). From the terminal
part of the profile only one sample contained very rare fragments of Bryozoa (Krz-20).
In addition to this profile, one sample from the field surrounding the section has been studied (sample Kr-II). This
sample contained a different fauna, abundant in Myriapora,
Adeonella, Margaretta and Metrarabdotos and probably
represents the overlaying sediment (similarly as in Pod-
Micropora parvicella
Mollia cf. patellaria
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Plagioecia rotula
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina venusta
Reteporella sp.
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon sp.
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella teragona
Smittina cervicornis
Smittipora platystoma
Steginoporella cucullata
Steginoporella tuberculata
Stephanolona pauper
Steraechmella busk i
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Tholopora neufferi
Trochiliopora insignis
Trypostega rugulosa
Tubulipora dimidiata
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
1
37
1
1
1
1
41
1
1
1
10
1
38
1
15
břežice, where sample from Podbřežice village also contain
a different bryozoan association).
Kralice nad Oslavou
The recently studied section Kralice is situated on the
left bank of the Jenešov creek, close to the city of Kralice
nad Oslavou (GPS location 49° 11.584’ N, 016° 12.538’ E).
In Kralice nad Oslavou three outcrops could be located,
which might correspond to the classic locality of Procházka
(1893). The outcrop Kralice-I (49° 11.619’ N, 016° 12.493’
E) exposes greyish claystone and did not yield any fossils
so far. The second outcrop, Kralice-II, (49° 11.591’ N, 016°
12.516’ E) contains mainly foraminifera in a yellowish
sandstone. Only one sample (Kra-II) yielded bryozoans.
The profile has been studied in detail by Zágoršek et. al
(2008a). The third section, Kralice-S (49° 11.584’ N, 016°
12.538’ E), is rich in shallow water bryozoans as well as in
molluscs and echinoids in a yellow marl to calcareous sandstone and is the subject of a paper by Zágoršek et al. (2009).
Although it cannot be demonstrated without doubt, the section Kralice-S may be considered to be identical with the
locality “Kralice” of Procházka (1893), Hamršmíd (1984)
and Sváček (1995).
17
Table 7.
Table 8.
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
Přemyslovice
Samples (the samples not
included in the table do not
contain bryozoans remains)
Py- Py- Py- Py- Py- Py- Py1/10 1/15 2/60 2/90 3/20 4/10 4/15 field
0 m 0 m cm cm 0 cm 0 cm 0 cm
Adeonella polystomella
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cribellopora latigastra
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Disporella goldfussi
Emballotheca seriata
Eokotosokum ? bobiesi
Escharella tenera
Escharina otophora
Escharoides coccinea
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea kuhni
Exochoecia compressa
Ferganula sp. 1
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Hagiosynodos latus
Hippomenella cf. ampla
Hippomenella mucronelliformis
Hippopleurifera sedgwicki
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia pulchella
Metrarabdotos maleckii
Microporella crenilabris aff. ciliata
Mollia cf. patellaria
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella circumornata
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina venusta
Reteporella cf. beaniana
Reteporella sp.
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizoporella dunkeri
Schizoporella teragona
Schizotheca cf.
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Stephanolona pauper
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Trochiliopora insignis
Trypostega rugulosa
Tubulipora dimidiata
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
22
1
1
1
23
1
1
1
1
1
15
1
14
1
1
17
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
32
20
23
Sváček (1995) also studied this section and collected
samples. His collection was studied in detail and included
in this recent research.
18
Terešov
Samples (the samples not
TER TER TER TER TER TER TER TER
included in the table do not
P1 P2 P3 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9
contain bryozoans remains)
Adeonella polystomella
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Celleporaria palmata
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Emballotheca seriata
Exidmonea atlantica
Frondipora cf.
Heteropora sp
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Iodictyum rubeschii
Mecynoecia pulchella
Myriapora truncata
Phoceana tubulifera
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Reteporella sp.
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Stephanolona pauper
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
4
1
1
10
1
1
10
1
4
3
4
8
The section Kralice-S, was studied in detail by Zágoršek
et al. (2009). Twelve samples (KRAS-1 to KRAS-12) were
taken from the section, the fauna was dominated by Schizoporella, Rhynchozoon and Umbonula. Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is given in Table 10.
Rousínov pumpa
The locality is situated on a road-cut between the village
Rousínov and a highway junction with a petrol station (GPS
location 49° 11.549’N and 016° 52.769’E). The locality was
discovered during field activity in the year 2004, and has
not been so far described.
Altogether four samples (Rp1 to Rp4) have been studied
in detail from this road-cut, but they may be regarded as one.
They were taken from different place only along this road-cut.
Dominant bryozoan species in all samples were Celleporids
together with Metrarabdotos and Exidmonea. There are no
distinguishable differences among the studied samples.
Recently, in the autumn 2009, a new section has been
discovered during building activity nearby the petrol station. The observable part of the section was about 3m high
and 5m long and contains four lithological layers (from
lower to upper part): greyich calcareous siltstone, algal
limestone, greyish siltstone to calcareoes sandstone and yellowish organodetritic marl. In addition to bryozoans, the
sediment contained many fragments of echinoids, molluscs
and serpulids. Detail study of four samples (each from one
layer RoR1 to RoR4) yielded 52 bryozoan taxa, dominanting by small globular Celleporids and also by fragments of
Metrarabdotos, Exidmonea and Myriapora. Among them
were identified two new species Ferganula rousinovensis
sp.n.and Frondipora parva sp.n.and two species not obser-
Table 9.
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Samples (the samples not included in the
table do not contain bryozoans remains)
Adeonella polystomella
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Buffonellaria k uk linsk ii sp.n.
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Copidozoum natalae sp. n.
Coronopora cf. disticha
Crisia cf.
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Disporella cf. radiata
Disporella goldfussi
Emballotheca seriata
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Escharella tenera
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea k uhni
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Frondipora parva sp.n.
Herentia hyndmanni
Hippopleurifera sedgwick i
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hippoporella bicornis
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Iodictyum rubeschii
Laminopora cf. dubia
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia pulchella
Mesenteripora flabellum
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Microporella crenilabris aff. ciliata
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella circumornata
Porella regularis
Reteporella hluchovensis sp.n.
Reteporella sp.
Reussia regularis
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon k rouzk ovensis sp.n.
Scrupocellaria elliptica
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella teragona
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Steginoporella tuberculata
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Trypostega rugulosa
Tubulipora dimidiata
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
Kroužek
Kr II Krž 1 Krž 2 Krž 3 Krž 4 Krž 5 Krž 6 Krž 7
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Krž
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Krž
12
Krž
13
Krž
14
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Krž
15
Krž
16
Krž
20
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
25
7
1
24
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
1
25
1
37
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
13
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
1
47
1
31
7
1
1
13
3
2
19
Table 10.
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Kralice nad Oslavou
Samples (the samples not included in
the table do not contain bryozoans
remains)
Kralice
Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice
Kra II
Svaček
S-1
S-2
S-3
S-4
S-5
S-7
S-8
S-9
S-10
S-11
S-12
Adeonella polystomella
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum
Annectocyma subdivaricata
Batopora rosula
Bobiesipora fasciculata
Buffonellaria kuklinskii sp.n.
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Copidozoum natalae sp. n.
Coronopora cf. disticha
Crepidacantha odontostoma
Cribellopora trasoni sp.n.
Crisia cf. eburnea
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Disporella goldfussi
Eokotosokum ? bobiesi
Escharella tenera
Escharoides coccinea
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea giebeli
Exidmonea kuhni
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Fenestrulina sp.
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Frondipora parva sp.n.
Herentia hyndmanni
Hippomenella mucronelliformis
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hippoporella bicornis
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Hornera verrucosa
Idmidronea coronopus
Idmidronea sp.
Iodictyum rubeschii
Kionidella moravicensis
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia proboscidea
Mecynoecia pulchella
Metrarabdotos maleckii
Micropora parvicella
Microporella berningi sp.n.
Microporella crenilabris aff. ciliata
Mollia cf. patellaria
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Plagioecia rotula
Platonea pluma
20
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Kralice nad Oslavou
Samples (the samples not included in
the table do not contain bryozoans
remains)
Kralice
Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice Kralice
Kra II
Svaček
S-1
S-2
S-3
S-4
S-5
S-7
S-8
S-9
S-10
S-11
S-12
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina venusta
Pyriporella cf. loxopora
Reteporella k ralicensis
Reteporella ruzenk ae sp.n
Reteporella sp.
Reteporella vladk ae sp.n.
Reussia regularis
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Rhynchozoon oslavanensis sp.n.
Scrupocellaria elliptica
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella dunk eri
Schizoporella teragona
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Stephanolona pauper
Steraechmella busk i
Tervia irregularis
Trochiliopora insignis
Tubulipora dimidiata
Tubulipora foliacea
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula macrocheila
Umbonula spinosa
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1?
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
68
1
1
1
1
6
10
15
ved in any other sections in the Moravian part of the Carpathian foredeep: Calloporina decorata and Lunulites androsaces. Distribution of identified species in the studied
samples is given in Table 11.
Slavkov – sv. Urban
The locality is situated on the slope of a hill called
sv. Urban, where a small chapel dedicated to Saint Urban
was built. (GPS location 49° 10.370’N and 016° 53.039’E).
The locality was described by Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989) as
Rousínovec – sv. Urban, but no bryozoans were described.
Samples (altogether six) were collected at different
places on the field and at the top of the hill close to Saint
Urban chapel. There are no distinguishable differences
between the studied samples; in all of them Steginoporella,
Myriapora and Adeonellopsis are the dominant genera. The
exception is the sample sv. Ur-1, collected near the chapel,
in which only nine species could be found. Distribution of
identified species in the studied samples is given in Table 12.
VK-1 Vranovice
The borehole is situated within the vicinity of the village
Vranovice, close to the Early/Middle Miocene deposits
known as a result of geological mapping. A depth of 60 m
1
1
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
1
1
1
28
1
1
1
1
39
1
1
1
1
1
1
31
1
1
1
1
1
40
1
1
1
23
was reached by this borehole.
A detailed description of the whole borehole core is
given by Nehyba et al. (2008a). Bryozoans occur in 19 samples from different depths, usually dominated by Steginoporella, Reteporella and Adeonellopsis. Details of bryozoan
occurrences in samples from this borehole are given by
Zágoršek et al. (2005 and 2007b). Distribution of identified
species in the studied samples is given in Table 13.
Pratecký vrch – Mohyla míru
The section was located at the top of the hill Pratecký
vrch (GPS location (49° 7.226’ N, 016° 45.262’ E), but recently it became inaccessible, due to the existence of a military area (Text-fig. 2). Only old samples from Dr. Doláková have been studied (Doláková et al., 2008). The samples
represent algal limestone (“V” samples) with sand intercalations (“P” samples). The most common Bryozoa are
Steginoporella Myriapora and Crisia. Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is given in Table 14.
Vranová Lhota
A very poor bryozoan association dominated by Reteporella and Cellaria has been found on a field south-east
21
Table 11. Rousínov pumpa
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
Adeonella polystomella
Buffonellaria k uk linsk ii sp.n.
Calloporina decorata
Calpensia gracilis
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Crisia cf. eburnea
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella cf. radiata
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Escharella tenera
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea k uhni
Exochoecia compressa
Ferganula rousinovensis sp.n.
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Frondipora parva sp.n.
Hippopleurifera sedgwick i
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Lunulites androsaces
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia pulchella
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Myriapora truncata
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella nuda
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Puellina venusta
Reteporella sp.
Reussia regularis
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizoporella teragona
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Tervia irregularis
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
Rp 1 Rp 2 Rp 3 Rp 4 RoR1 RoR2 RoR3 RoR4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
27
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
34
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
26
1
1
1
1
1
1
31
1
1
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
29
22
1
1
1
1
1
1
36
from the village (GPS location 49° 43.096’ N and 016° 48.747’ E). The
sample was briefly described by Holcová and Zágoršek (2008). Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is given in Table 1.
Vápno
Near the hill top of Vápno (GPS location 49° 24.361’N and 016°
36.962’E) an algal limestone with few Bryozoa remains was reported by
22
Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989). Recent investigation yielded only 2 species of Bryozoa. Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is
given in Table 15.
Blučina
The Miocene sediments around the village have
been described by Doláková et al. (2008). Only one
sample from Dr. Hladilová, collected during building activity in the village, has been studied. The
washed residue yielded more than 20 bryozoan
species, dominated by Smittina, Steginoporella and
Myriapora. No new samples could be collected.
Distribution of identified species in the studied
samples is given in Table 15.
Kleneč
On the summit of the hill Kleneč (GPS location
49° 25.095’N and 016° 38.555’E) an algal limestone with few remains of Bryozoa has been
reported by Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989).
Recent investigation yielded more than
20 species of Bryozoa dominated mainly by celleporid genera Turbicellepora, Reteporella, and
Schizoporella tetragona together with cyclostomatous genera, mainly Exidmonea and Hornera.
Distribution of identified species in the studied
samples is given in Table 1.
Žatčany
The Miocene sediments around this village
have been described by Reuss (1847 and 1874) as
Satchan. During building activity in the village
only one sample was collected and studied by Dr.
Hladilová. The washed residue yielded only 5 bryozoan species; most of the fragments belong to the
genera Smittina and Metrarabdotos. Distribution of
identified species in the studied samples is given in
Table 15.
Služín
Kalabis (1937) described Miocene sediment
around the hill Brus, near Služín, which was redescribed by Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989).
Miocene limestone has been found in a field near an
old pond (GPS location 49° 32.387’N and 017°
01.614’E) by Dr. Jašková. Only a few bryozoans
have been determined from this sample, exceptional is the presence of Reussirella, a very rare genus
in other sections. Distribution of identified species
in the studied samples is given in Table 15.
Vyškov
During building activity a small outcrop with
many molluscs and a few bryozoans was studied
near the city of Vyškov (GPS location 49°
16.099’N and 017° 0.736’E). Only a few bryozoans, mainly cyclostomatous, such as Mecynoecia, Pleuronea and Polyascosoecia were found
Table 12.
there. Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is given in Table 15.
Bryozoan
taxa/sections
Slavkov sv. Urban
Samples (the samples not
included in the table do not
contain bryozoans remains)
sv. Ur sv. Ur sv. Ur sv. Ur sv. Ur sv. Ur
1
2
3
4
5
6
Adeonella polystomella
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum
Biflustra savartii
Buffonellaria kuklinskii sp.n.
Calpensia sp. (cf. C. calpensis )
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Crisia cf. eburnea
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Emballotheca seriata
Eokotosokum ? bobiesi
Escharella tenera
Escharoides megalota
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Ferganula rousinovensis sp.n.
Flustrellaria fenestrata
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Heteropora sp.
Hippopleurifera sedgwicki
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Iodictyum rubeschii
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia pulchella
Mesenteripora flabellum
Metrarabdotos maleckii
Micropora papyracea
Micropora parvicella
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Plagioecia rotula
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella regularis
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Reteporella sp.
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizolepralia polyomma
Schizoporella teragona
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Tubulipora dimidiata
Tubulipora flabellaris
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
1
1
33
1
1
23
1
1
1
33
1
11
1
1
1
34
Nosislav
The Miocene sediments around the village were
described by Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989). Near the
cemetery (GPS location 49° 00.769’N and 016° 39.853’E)
a few Miocene rock have been found. This sample yielded
only a few bryozoan remains, mainly Smittina, Schizostomella and Metrarabdotos. Distribution of identified
species in the studied samples is given in Table 15.
Drnovice near Zbraslavec
Only museum material deposited in the MZM Brno has
been studied. Field activity to locate the original outcrop
with bryozoans was not successful, only algal limestone has
been found near the village centre cemetery (GPS location
49° 28.221’N and 016° 32. 252’E). The dominant genus in
the museum material is Reteporella, but very often free-living species of Cupuladria and Reussirella were found.
Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is
given in Table 1.
Hlubočany
Dr. Gregorová, from MZM Brno, found few Miocene
rocks on a field near the village Hlubočany (GPS location
49° 14.729’N and 016° 59.646’E). The samples yielded
only a very poor bryozoan association: Celleporids and
Polyascosoecia. Distribution of identified species in the
studied samples is given in Table 15.
Ptení
The Miocene sediments around the village were mentioned by Doláková et al. (2008). Near the cemetery at the
margin of the village (GPS location 49° 30.581’N and 016°
58.201’E) in a field Miocene rock fragments and big globular celleporid colonies were found. Except for these colonies, bryozoans were very rare. Distribution of identified
species in the studied samples is given in Table 15.
Rájec-Jestřebí
The Miocene sediments around the village were mentioned by Hladilová and Zdražílková (1989). and briefly
described by Novák (1975). Both did not mention any bryozoans to occur here. In a field (GPS location 49° 24.642’N
and 016° 37.869’E) however a few bryozoans were found;
among them were only four species identified (Table 15).
Dolní Netčice
A fossiliferous limestone with few fragments of bryozoans was collected inside the village (GPS location 49°
28.771’N and 017° 40.664’E), but the samples did not contain any Bryozoa. Material from this locality deposited in
the MZM Brno however yielded a few bryozoan fragments.
Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is
given in Table 15.
Hrušovany
In a field close to the sugar factory (GPS location 48°
48.653’N and 016° 24.651’E) Dr. Šmerda from the Museum of South Moravia at Znojmo found bryozoan colonies.
Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is
given in Table 15.
23
Table 13.
24
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
58,0 m
1
54,8 m
1
51,9 m
51,4 m
1
51,2 m
1
35,0 m
1
32,0 m
1
1
31,5 m
1
1
1
1
30,7 m
1
1
1
1
29,7 m
1
1
1
27,5 m
1
26,5 m
7,0 m
1
16,8 m
6,4 m
1
1
12,6 m
6,3 m
Adeonella polystomella
Adeonellopsis coscinophora
Biflustra savartii
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Celleporaria palmata
Cribellopora latigastra
Cribellopora sp.
Crisia cf. eburnea
Crisia elongata
Crisia haueri
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Cupuladria baluk i sp.n.
Diplosolen obelium
Eok otosok um ? bobiesi
Exidmonea atlantica
Exidmonea undata
Exochoecia compressa
Frondipora cf. verrucosa
Heteropora sp
Hippopleurifera hypsostoma
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Hornera verrucosa
Idmidronea coronopus
Iodictyum rubeschii
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia proboscidea
Mecynoecia pulchella
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Micropora parvicella
Microporella crenilabris aff. ciliata
Monoporella venusta
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella circumornata
Porella nuda
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Reptadeonella cf. violacea
Reteporella cf. beaniana
Reteporella k ralicensis
Reteporella sp.
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon oslavanensis sp.n.
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizobrachiella ? granosoporosa
Schizomavella tenella
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Tubulipora dimidiata
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula granulata sp.n.
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable calloporids
undeterminable celleporids
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
12,5 m
Samples (the samples not included in the table
do not contain bryozoans remains)
28,8 m
borehole VK-1 Vranovice
Bryozoan taxa/sections
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
25
1
1
1
22
1
1
17
22
19
17
21
1
1
22
1
5
13
1
1
9
1
9
1
1
1
23
1
1
1
36
8
7
11
1
1
11
1
12
Table 14.
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Samples (the samples not included in the
table do not contain bryozoans remains)
Adeonella polystomella
Calpensia gracilis
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cribellopora latigastra
Cribellopora sp.
Crisia elongata
Crisia hoernesii
Crisidmonea foraminosa
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella goldfussi
Escharella tenera
Exidmonea atlantica
Hagiosynodos campanulata
Hagiosynodos latus
Heteropora sp
Hippopleurifera semicristata
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera striata
Hornera subannulata
Hornera verrucosa
Iodictyum rubeschii
Laminopora cf. dubia
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia pulchella
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Micropora papyracea
Micropora parvicella
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Onychocella angulosa
Phoceana tubulifera
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Porella nuda
Reteporella sp.
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Schedocleidochasma incisa
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizoporella teragona
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Steginoporella cucullata
Stephanolona pauper
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable celleporids
Vibracella trapezoidea
Number of species
Pratecký vrch - Mohyla míru
V1
P1
V2
P2 V3? V4
1
P4
V5
P5
V6
V8
V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14a
V14b
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
12
3
11
Hluchov
During building activity in an agricultural area (GPS
location 49° 32.322’N and 017° 00.504’E) sediments with
very rich bryozoans remains were discovered by Dr. Jašková from the Museum of Prostějov (Jašková, 1998). Dominant bryozoans were Reteporella and Celleporids. Distribution of identified species in the studied samples is given in
Table 15.
Only museum material, deposited in the MZM at Brno
was studied for the following localities: Olomoučany, Či-
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
8
5
1
1
1
6
8
5
1
1
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
8
3
8
19
žovec and Boskovice. Field activity did not result in any
discoveries of Miocene sediments around these villages.
Distribution of identified species in the studied material is
given in Table 15.
Systematic part
The systematic arrangement of described bryozoans follows mainly the bryozoan web page (www.bryozoa.net)
edited by Phil Bock (last update 2010) based on Bassler
(1953) and Hayward and Ryland (1985, 1998 and 1999).
25
Adeonella polystomella
Calpensia gracilis
Cellaria cf. fistulosa
Cellaria cf. salicornioides
Crisia elongata
Crisia hoernesii
Disporella cf. hispida
Disporella goldfussi
Escharella tenera
Exidmonea atlantica
Hagiosynodos latus
Heteropora sp
Hornera cf. frondiculata
Hornera subannulata
Hornera verrucosa
Laminopora cf. dubia
Margaretta cereoides
Mecynoecia pulchella
Metrarabdotos maleck ii
Myriapora truncata
Oncousoecia ? biloba
Platonea pluma
Pleuronea pertusa
Polyascosoecia cancellata
Pseudofrondipora davidi
Reteporella cf. beaniana
Reteporella sp.
Reussirella haidingeri
Rhynchozoon monoceros
Scrupocellaria elliptica
Schizoporella ? geminipora
Schizomavella protuberans
Schizomavella tenella
Schizoporella teragona
Schizostomella grinzingensis
Schizotheca cf. fissa
Smittina cervicornis
Tervia irregularis
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
Turbicellepora coronopus
Umbonula macrocheila
undeterminable celleporids
Ybselosoecia typica
Number of species
1
Boskovice MZM
Olomoučany MZM
Čižovec MZM
Dolní Netčice
Hrušovany
Ptení
Rájec-Jestřebí
Vyškov
Nosislav
Služín
Žatčany
Vápno
Bryozoan taxa/sections
Hlubočany
Table 15.
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1 1
1
1
Phylum Bryozoa EHRENBERG, 1831
Class Stenolaemata BORG, 1926
Order Cyclostomata Busk, 1852
Suborder Tubuliporina MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838
Family Stomatoporidae PERGENS et MEUNIER, 1887
Genus Voigtopora BASSLER, 1952
1
1
1
Colony encrusting, uniserial. Tubes elongated with lateral budding. No gonozooecia observed.
According to the original diagnosis the important differences when compared with Stomatopora are: broader, elliptical zooecia, proximally narrowing, often showing transverse striation.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
Voigtopora sp.
1
1
1
1
1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
1
1
2 5 13 11 12 15 9 4 1 2 2 4 3
1
The systematic of Cyclostomata additionally takes into consideration also the papers of Taylor and McKinney (2006)
and Vávra (1977). Cheilostomatous systematics also takes
into account the data from Gordon (1984, 1986 and 1989)
and my own investigations.
The description of the studied species is organized as
follows:
T y p e : The details about types (number(s), storage
institution, type locality) are given when the type material
was studied.
M a t e r i a l : The total number of recently collected
specimens from Moravian sections is given. Each of the
listed specimens has been studied in detail by means of
SEM, photographed and stored in National Museum
Prague. According to these specimens, tables 1 to 15 were
prepared which summarizes the details of the distribution of
26
all determined species from the studied sections. Additional studied material from sections in Moravia stored in the
original REUSS collection in the Natural History Museum
Vienna is also included.
D i a g n o s i s : A short description of the studied
species, of visible characteristics and details of observable
morphological features are given.
R e m a r k s : Differences between studied material
and similar species and specimens such as type material,
illustrations in literature are given here. Also the variability
of specimens, new generic attributions, or any other problems of taxonomy are discussed.
The date of publication of Reuss papers is unclear. The
volume was published in 1848 (and 1866) but the paper
itself is dated 1847 (and 1865 respectively). Usually the
papers are referred to as Reuss (1847) and (1865), which is
also followed here. The authors of the taxonomic names
higher than species were not included in the reference list.
Pl. 1, Fig. 5
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 1 colony was studied from
section Sedlec (specimen P 01912).
D i a g n o s i s : Only four autozooecial tubes are preserved, but the lateral budding is clearly visible.
R e m a r k s : This is the first occurrence of Voigtopora in the Miocene; up to now it has been known only from
the Cretaceous. The recent genus Jullienipora which shows
lateral budding too was described by Reverter-Gil and Fernandez-Pulpeiro (2005). The relationship between Jullienipora and Voigtopora has still to be proved.
Family Oncousoeciidae CANU, 1918
Genus Annectocyma HAYWARD et RYLAND, 1985
Colony encrusting, sometimes developing erect portions. Autozooecia alternating with peristomes, sometimes
forming transverse rows. Lateral adventitious branches
develop from the side of the ancestrula or the first budded
autozooecium. Gonozooecia elongated oval with short oeciopore.
Annectocyma subdivaricata (D’ORBIGNY, 1853)
Pl. 1, Fig. 1-4
v. 1974 Stomatopora subdivaricata d’Orbigny – Vávra p. 348,
Pl. 1, Fig. 1, 2
1977
Proboscina subdivaricata d’Orbigny – Vávra p. 33 (cum
syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 8 specimens were studied,
none of which shows a gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Encrusting series of lobate colonies,
the older part of the colony is often uniserial, the younger
multiserial. Peristomes short, sometimes forming linear fascicles. The base of the erect portion is present. A gonozooecium has not yet been found.
R e m a r k s : Proboscina is an unrecognizable genus
(Pitt and Taylor, 1990) and Annectocyma is a closely related taxon. The characteristic lateral budding of adventitious
branches from the side of the ancestrula is observed in the
studied specimens as well as in specimens described by
Vávra (1974).
Genus Oncousoecia CANU, 1918
Colony encrusting or erect. Autozooecial tubes short but
wide, with a short peristome, never in fascicles. Gonozooecium large, spread out between a few autozooecial tubes;
the oeciopore is larger than the autozooecial aperture. The
axis of the gonozooecium is parallel to that of the autozooecial tubes. The autozooecial tubes do not perforate the
frontal wall of the gonozooecium.
Oncousoecia? biloba (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 2, Fig. 1-4
v. 1847 Hornera biloba m. – Reuss p. 43, Pl. 6, Fig. 21
v. 1977 Oncousoecia biloba (REUSS) – Vávra p. 31 (cum syn.)
v. 2003 Oncousoecia biloba (REUSS) – Zágoršek p. 114, Pl. 5,
Fig. 1 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The lectotypes are stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1859.50.715 (Vávra,
1977).
M a t e r i a l : Very common species, altogether 43 specimens were studied, many of them with developed gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony unilaminar with 5 to 10 autozooecial rows obliquely parallel to each other. Originally
the colony encrusted perhaps a soft substratum, such as
algae. Autozooecial tubes short with circular apertures situated on a short but wide peristome. Gonozooecium large
with frontal wall perforated only by pseudopores spreading
between 3 to 10 autozooecial tubes. Oeciopore about two
times smaller than the autozooecial apertures (Pl. 2, Fig. 3
and 4), situated on the middle or proximal margin of the
gonozooecium, sometimes attached to the aperture, sometimes with a short peristome.
R e m a r k s : The traditional attribution of this species
to the genus Oncousoecia CANU, 1918 is not possible any
more, since Taylor and Zatoñ (2008) revised the genus
Oncousoecia and selected the type species and specimen.
The type is from a recent collection from the British Isles
and grows as an encrusting colony with a very small, elongated gonozooecium and terminal oeciopore. The frontal
wall of the gonozooecium is not perforated by autozooecial
tubes. These features do not match the characters typical for
Hornera biloba REUSS, 1847 (large circular gonozooecia
perforated by autozooecial tubes with oeciopore situated on
the margin of the roof). Such gonozooecia are very similar
to the genus Plagioecia, but this genus forms sheet-like
colonies (“Berenicea” – type) and differs also by its regular
arrangement of rows of autozooecia.
Up to now, there is no suitable genus in which this species could be included, and to established a new one would
require a complete revision of these genera which is beyond
the scope of this paper.
Family Tubuliporidae JOHNSTON, 1838
Genus Tubulipora LAMARCK, 1816
Colony lobate to broad, fan-shaped. Autozooecia arranged in radial, uniserial to biserial rows, the distal part of the
peristomes is free. Gonozooecium extensive, situated
between rows of autozooecia, oeciopore isolated.
Tubulipora dimidiata (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 3, Fig. 1-5
v. 1847 Defrancia dimidiata m. – Reuss p. 39, Pl. 6, Fig. 6
1977
Tubulipora dimidiata (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 22 (cum
syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype is stored in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1847.38.39 (Vávra, 1977).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 15 specimens were studied
from Moravia and one specimen from Steinebrunn (Austria) which was included because it shows a well preserved
gonozooecium; moreover the section Steinebrunn is very
close to the Moravian border. Additional specimens in the
Reuss collection are stored in the Natural History Museum
Vienna under the number 1867.40.108 from the section
Podivín.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony lobate, small, erect or encrusting some soft substratum. Autozooecial fascicles typically
uniserial in early stages of ontogeny, later, close to the edge
of the colony, biserial or multiserial. Gonozooecium large
extending between 3-4 autozooecial fascicles, oeciostome
situated in the middle. Oeciopore close to a fascicle.
R e m a r k s : The large, extensive gonozooecium confirms the attribution to the genus Tubulipora. The type specimen encrusts a mollusc shell and does not show the gonozooecium. Due to the presence of uniserial fascicles close to
the central part of the colony, the species attribution may be
confirmed.
Tubulipora flabellaris (FABRICIUS, 1780)
Pl. 4, Fig. 1-4
1920
Tubulipora flabellaris (FABRICIUS) – Canu and Bassler
p. 755, Fig. 244a - 244d, p. 757, Fig. 246c - 246e, p. 758,
Fig. 247d
27
1974
1977
2001
Tubulipora flabellaris (FABRICIUS) – Vávra p. 349, Pl. 1,
Fig. 5
Tubulipora flabellaris (FABRICIUS) – Vávra p. 23 (cum syn.)
Tubulipora flabellaris (FABRICIUS) – Zágoršek p. 24, Pl. 1,
Fig. 6, 7
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 6 specimens were studied,
none of them with a gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony lobate, small. Autozooecial
peristomes long, fascicles formed by 10-14 autozooecia
always uniserial during the whole ontogenesis. No gonozooecium observed.
R e m a r k s : Differs from Tubulipora dimidiata
(REUSS, 1847) in having uniserial fascicles during its whole
ontogenesis.
Tubulipora foliacea REUSS, 1847
Pl. 4, Fig. 5-6
v. 1847 Tubulipora foliacea m. – Reuss p. 49, Pl. 7, Fig. 5
1977
Tubulipora foliacea REUSS, 1847 – Vávra p. 23 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype is stored in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1867.40.68 (Vávra, 1977).
M a t e r i a l : Only two specimens from section Kralice nad Oslavou were found.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony elongate, irregular, unilaminar. Autozooecia with very long peristomes not arranged in
fascicles. Often two or three peristomes coalescing. Gonozooecium large spread between 6 to 8 peristomes with an
oeciopore situated on the distal margin, close to one peristome.
R e m a r k s : Differs from other species of Tubulipora in having very short fascicles or no fascicles at all (often
the autozooecia are arranged individually). With respect to
these features, it is very similar to Oncousoecia? biloba
(REUSS, 1847). Tubulipora foliacea however differs from
Oncousoecia? biloba in sometimes having autozooecial
peristomes arranged in fascicles and an oeciopore situated
at the distal edge of the gonozooecium (while Oncousoecia? biloba has an oeciopore situated in the central part of
the gonozooecium).
Genus Exidmonea DAVID, MONGEREAU et POUYET, 1972
Colony erect, rod-like, rarely bifurcating with oval to
triangular transverse section. Autozooecial apertures arranged in fascicles, the fascicles are parallel to each other.
Gonozooecia situated on the frontal side, globular with an
oeciopore smaller than the autozooecial aperture. No kenozooecia on the dorsal side.
Exidmonea atlantica DAVID, MONGEREAU et POUYET, 1972
Pl. 5, Fig. 1-6
1920
Idmonea atlantica JOHNSTON – Canu and Bassler p. 778,
Pl. 140, Fig. 1 - 13 (cum. syn)
1992
Exidmonea atlantica DAVID, MONGEREAU et POUYET –
Taylor and Voigt p. 122
v. 2001 Exidmonea atlantica DAVID, MONGEREAU et POUYET
– Zágoršek p. 24, Pl. 1, Fig. 8, 9 (cum syn.)
28
M a t e r i a l : Very common species, altogether 38
specimens were studied, many with well preserved gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony with oval to triangular transverse section, angle between frontal sides is acute , about 60
degrees. Usually 3 to 5 autozooecia are arranged in each
fascicular row. The autozooecial fascicles are arranged
alternating on each side of the frontal part of the colony,
protruding beyond the colonial margin. Aperture rectangular to oval. The dorsal side of the colony is smooth or slightly ribbed and convex or flat. Gonozooecia large, convex,
usually found in the median part of the colony, or near
a bifurcation. The frontal wall of the gonozooecium is
slightly porous.
R e m a r k s : The species may be misinterpreted as
Idmidronea coronopus (Defrance, 1822), which has a very
similar arrangement of autozooecial fascicles. The main
difference is the presence of kenozooecia on the dorsal side
of the branches in Idmidronea coronopus. The small tubes
of the kenozooecia are however not always visible on the
outer surface, usually they can be easily observed only in
cross-section.
Exidmonea giebeli (STOLICZKA, 1862)
Pl. 6, Fig. 1-3
v. 1862 Idmonea giebeli sp.n. – Stoliczka p. 81, Pl. 1, Fig. 6
1969
Exidmonea giebeli (STOLICZKA, 1862) – Mongereau
p. 232, Pl. 20, Fig. 1 - 3, 9, 11
v. 2001 Exidmonea giebeli (STOLICZKA, 1862) – Zágoršek p. 24,
Pl. 1, Fig. 10, 11 (cum syn.)
v. 2003 Exidmonea giebeli (STOLICZKA, 1862) – Zágoršek p. 110,
Pl. 2, Fig. 4-5 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype is deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1859. 26. 144.
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 7 specimens were studied,
none of them with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony with triangular transverse section; the angle between the frontal sides is about 100 degrees.
Usually 3 to 4 autozooecia are arranged in each fascicular
row. An additional aperture is present between the pairs of
fascicles, situated close to the median area of the frontal
side of the colony. Dorsal side of the colony flat or rarely
slightly convex, perforated by pseudopores. Gonozooecia
unknown.
R e m a r k s : The characteristic feature is the presence
of additional apertures situated between the pairs of fascicles, in the middle of the frontal side of the colony.
The species is up to now known only from the Eocene of
the Alpine Carpathian region and from the Miocene of New
Zealand (Zágoršek, 2003), but the presence of this characteristic feature justifies including the studied specimen in
the species Exidmonea giebeli (Stoliczka, 1862).
The large colonies of Tervia irregularis (Meneghini,
1844) may also be similar to this species when not exhibiting gonozooecia. Tervia has however usually more delicate
colonies and a characteristic “V” shaped arrangement of lateral walls of the dorsal autozooecia (Pl. 16, Fig. 7). Moreover, no additional aperture between the pairs of fascicles is
developed in Tervia.
Exidmonea kuhni MONGEREAU, 1969
Pl. 6, Fig. 4-7
v. 1969 Exidmonea kuhni sp.n. – Mongereau p. 238, pl. 18,
Fig. 10
1977
Exidmonea kuhni MONGEREAU, 1969 – Vávra p. 27
T y p e : The lectotype is deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1859.50.812 (or 8120,
not clearly recognizable on the original label); it was established by Vávra (1977).
M a t e r i a l : Only 3 specimens have been found, all
without gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony with elongated oval transverse
section. Usually 4 to 6 autozooecia are arranged in each fascicular row. Dorsal side of the colony concave, perforated by
pseudopores. Gonozooecia not known in the studied specimens.
R e m a r k s : Exidmonea concava (REUSS, 1869) from
the Eocene of Italy also shows a concave dorsal side of the
colony; it differs however in having less autozooecial tubes
on each fascicle (only 2-3). The gonozooecium of the type
material is large and not perforated by autozooecial tubes.
Exidmonea undata (REUSS, 1851)
Pl. 7, Fig. 1-4
1851
1977
Idmonea undata m. – Reuss s. 172, Pl. 9, Fig. 20
Exidmonea undata (REUSS, 1851) – Vávra p. 28 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The types were probably lost. It is not possible
to identify the types in the Reuss collection stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna.
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 15 specimens were studied,
none of them with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony with oval transverse section.
Usually 2 to 3 autozooecia are arranged in each fascicular
row. The autozooecial fascicles are arranged alternately on
each side of the frontal part of the colony, slightly protruding
beyond the colonial margin. Aperture rectangular to oval. The
dorsal side of the colony is smooth or slightly ribbed and convex or flat. Gonozooecia not known.
R e m a r k s : The main characteristic feature of this
species is the low number of autozooecial tubes in the fascicles – it has never more than 3 apertures in each fascicle; the
diameter of the branches is similar to that of Exidmonea
atlantica.
Genus Idmidronea CANU et BASSLER 1920
Colony erect, dichotomously branching. Autozooecia in
transverse fascicles, alternating on the left and right side
along the branch. Kenozooecia developed on the dorsal side
of the branch. Gonozooecium frontal.
Idmidronea coronopus (DEFRANCE, 1822)
Pl. 8, Fig. 1-3 and 7
1920
Idmidronea coronopus (DEFRANCE, 1822) – Canu and
Bassler p. 784, Fig. 253 A-L
v.1977
1988
Idmidronea coronopus (DEFRANCE, 1822) – Vávra p. 28
Idmidronea coronopus (DEFRANCE, 1822) – Moissette
p. 47, Pl. 6, Fig. 4, 5 (cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 10 specimens were studied, all
without gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony bifurcating, erect. Apertures rectangular, arranged in alternating fascicles. The fascicles usually consist of 4 autozooecia, rarely they may have 3 or 5
apertures. Kenozooecia narrow, parallel to colony axis, rarely
opening on the dorsal side of the colony. Gonozooecium not
observed.
R e m a r k s : The specimens illustrated by Canu and
Bassler (1920) have more robust colonies, but the number of
apertures on each fascicle is identical (usually 4).
Idmidronea sp.
Pl. 8, Fig. 4-6
2008a
Idmidronea sp. – Zágoršek et al. p. 843, Fig. 6/1-2
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 2 specimens were studied from
the section Kralice nad Oslavou.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony is bifurcating, very delicate.
Apertures circular, 2-3 autozooecia in each fascicle. Kenozooecia narrow, parallel to colony axis. No gonozooecium
developed.
R e m a r k s : Detailed description in Zágoršek et al.
(2008a).
Genus Platonea CANU et BASSLER, 1920
Colony encrusting, lobate. Autozooecia in fascicles
arranged transversally to the direction of growth. Gonozooecium spread over several fascicles, oeciopore situated between
fascicles. Polygonal kenozooecia developed on basal lamina.
Platonea pluma (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 9, Fig. 1-3
v. 1847 Defrancia pluma m. – Reuss p. 39, Pl. 6, Fig. 7
v. 1974 Platonea pluma (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 353,
Pl. 2, Fig. 1, 2
1977
“Tubulipora” pluma (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 24 (cum
syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype from Eisenstadt is deposited in
the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number
1867.40.75 (Vávra, 1977).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 8 specimens were studied, one
of them with a gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony lobate to elongate, encrusting.
Fascicles are formed by two rows of autozooecial apertures,
usually about 6-10 apertures in each fascicle. Fascicles alternating, but often arranged chaotically. Gonozooecium very
shallow, recognizable only by the denser perforation of the
frontal wall by pseudopores, spreading over the whole width
of the colony. Oeciopore almost as large as the autozooecial
aperture, situated on the distal margin of the fascicle. Keno29
zooecia circular, developed in two to three rows near the
basal lamina.
R e m a r k s : As only one specimen shows a gonozooecium, the other specimens are attributed to this species
due to the presence of encrusting colonies with kenozooecia on the basal lamina and more or less alternating fascicles formed by two rows of autozooecial apertures.
Platonea pluma (REUSS, 1847) is very similar to Tubulipora dimidiata (REUSS, 1847) with respect to the features
on the frontal side of the colony, but it differs in having
encrusting colonies and small kenozooecia near the basal
lamina.
Genus Pleuronea CANU et BASSLER, 1920
Colony erect. Autozooecial apertures in alternating, uniserial fascicles open only on one side of the colonial branch.
Dorsal side of the branch covered by kenozooecia. Gonozooecium frontal, spread between fascicles. Oeciopore situated on the distal margin of the gonozooecium.
Pleuronea pertusa (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 10, Fig. 1-8
v. 1847 Idmonea pertusa m. – Reuss p. 45, Pl. 6, Fig. 28
1977
Pleuronea pertusa (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 30 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype from Nussdorf is deposited in
the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number
1867.40.94 (Vávra, 1977).
M a t e r i a l : Very common species in some sections,
in others often absent. Altogether 51 specimens studied in
detail, a few of them with gonozooecium. Three additional
specimens from the REUSS collection stored in the Natural
History Museum Vienna under the numbers 1859.19.147,
1859.45.677 and 1867.40.95 from section Podivín (listed
under the old name Kostel).
D i a g n o s i s : Colony large, erect, often branching,
rarely anastomosing. Fascicles alternating and consisting of
3-5 rectangular to slightly circular autozooecial apertures.
Gonozooecium large always situated in the branching area,
spread between 4-8 fascicles with convex frontal wall
densely perforated by pseudopores. Oeciopore as large as
the autozooecial aperture, situated close to the medial area
of the branch, between fascicles. On the dorsal side densely covered with the openings of kenozooecia of different
sizes, some closed by terminal, perforated diaphragms.
R e m a r k s : Oeciopore is not easily recognizable
because it is of same size as the autozooecial aperture; the
frontal wall of gonozooecia is often broken.
Family Plagioeciidae CANU, 1918
Genus Plagioecia CANU, 1918
Colony encrusting. Autozooecial tubes arranged in radial rows, apertures not forming fascicles. Gonozooecium
transversely elongated with the frontal wall perforated by
autozooecial tubes. Oeciopore placed centrally on the frontal wall of the gonozooecium.
30
Plagioecia rotula (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 11, Fig. 1-5
v. 1847 Diastopora rotula m. – Reuss p. 51, Pl. 7, Fig. 8
1977
Plagioecia rotula (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p.49 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype from Eisenstadt (without gonozooecia) is deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1867.40.60 (Vávra, 1977).
M a t e r i a l : Only 2 specimens with gonozooecia, 13
additional colonies can only be tentatively attributed to this
species because they do not show any gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony semicircular to circular.
Gonozooecium oval to slightly rounded triangular, two
times wider than long, perforated by 3-4 autozooecial tubes.
Oeciopore about half the diameter of an autozooecial tube,
situated on the distal half of the gonozooecial frontal wall.
R e m a r k s : As shown by Taylor and Sequeiros
(1982), without gonozooecia, the generic attribution of
these “Berenicea type” colonies is impossible. Not all specimens studied show gonozooecia, but formally, all “Berenicea type” colonies from the studied material were
assigned to Plagioecia rotula (REUSS, 1847), the only one
well defined species within the studied sections.
Genus Mesenteripora DE BALAINVILLE, 1830
Erect bilaminar colonies with flat branches. Autozooecial tubes not arranged in fascicles. Gonozooecium transversally elongated and perforated by autozooecial tubes
with oeciopore on the distal edge.
Mesenteripora flabellum (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 12, Fig. 1-6
v. 1847 Diastopora flabellum m. – Reuss p. 51, pl. 7, Fig. 9
1977
Diastopora flabellum REUSS – Vávra p. 20 (cum syn.)
2003
Diastopora flabellum REUSS – Zágoršek p. 109, Pl. 1,
Fig. 5, 6 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype is deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1867.40.85 (Vávra, 1977).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 8 specimens were studied,
one with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia short, arranged chaotically with long peristomes. Gonozooecium two times wider
then long, perforated by about 10 autozooecial tubes, oeciopore not preserved.
R e m a r k s : The bilaminar colony and the type of
gonozooecium clearly confirm the attribution of this
species to the genus Mesenteripora as revised by Walter,
1970. It is typically Cretaceous genus, but also reported
from recent seas (Taylor and Gordon 2001). The type
species of Diastopora, as illustrated by Walter (1969), has
distinctive erect, unilaminar colonies.
The main difference between this species and M. meandrina (WOOD, 1844) is the chaotic arrangement of the autozooecial tubes.
Mesenteripora meandrina (WOOD, 1844)
Pl. 13, Fig. 1-5
v. 1977 Mesenteripora meandrina (WOOD, 1844) – Vávra p. 42
(cum syn.)
1974
Mesenteripora meandrina (WOOD, 1844) – Vávra
p. 360, Pl. 2, Fig. 8
M a t e r i a l : 9 specimens, none of them with gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecial tubes arranged in regular
oblique rows. Growing edge of the colony with visible
median lamella. No gonozooecium observed.
R e m a r k s : Even without gonozooecium, due to the
typical bilamelar colony and the arrangement of autozooecia in rows, the genus and species attribution is almost certain.
56B of Hayward and McKinney, 2002). Therefore I believe
that these specimens are conspecific.
Genus Ybselosoecia CANU et LECOINTRE, 1933
Colony erect, rarely bifurcating with oval to semilunar
cross section. Apertures open only on one side, the dorsal
side is smooth, often concave. Apertures are arranged in
many irregular rows, which do not form fascicles. Gonozooecium frontal, large, spreading among many autozooecia, with
flat frontal wall. Oeciopore situated on the margin of the
gonozooecium, small, sometimes with a short oeciostome.
R e m a r k : Due to the similar construction of the
gonozooecium (frontal position, spreading among autozooecia and flat frontal wall), this genus is included in the
family Plagioeciidae as understood by Taylor and McKinney (2006).
Genus Diplosolen CANU, 1918
Colony erect or encrusting. Autozooecia arranged in
regular rows, sometimes also in fascicles. Between the
autozooecial tubes, there are adventitious, narrow tubes,
which usually open proximally from the autozooecial aperture – nanozooecia. Gonozooecium very large, frontal,
unsymmetrical with porous frontal wall. Oeciopore smaller
than the autozooecial aperture.
Diplosolen obelium (JOHNSTON, 1838)
Pl. 14, Fig. 1-5
1977
1997
2002
Diplosolen obelium (JOHNSTON, 1838) – Vávra p. 47
(cum. syn)
Diplosolen obelium (JOHNSTON, 1838) – Pouyet p. 24, Pl.
1, Fig. 5-7 (cum. syn)
Diplosolen obelium (JOHNSTON, 1838) – Hayward and
McKinney p. 117, Fig. 56a – d (cum. syn)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 12 specimens were studied,
few of them show a gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony encrusting, usually fan shaped. Autozooecia arranged in more or less oblique regular
rows, not in fascicles, peristomes short. Nanozooecia abundant, developed irregularly among autozooecial tubes with
peristomes shorter than in autozooecia. Gonozooecia circular, rarely oval, large, perforated by more than 10 autozooecial tubes and few nanozooecia. Sometimes much smaller,
perforated by 2-3 autozooecial tubes only. Oeciopore smaller that autozooecial apertures, but larger than nanozooecial
apertures, without oeciostome.
R e m a r k s : Oeciopore not clearly recognizable, but
highly probable in one specimen, visible in the middle of
the gonozooecium. In one case (Pl. 14, Fig. 5) the gonozooecium is elongated and much smaller that in other specimens (Fig. 3), but as already described by Pouyet (1997),
gonozooecia do not exhibit a constant shape in Diplosolen.
Recent specimens as illustrated most recently by Hayward and McKinney (2002) have the same shape of gonozooecia and an identical position of the oeciopore as the
specimens described here (compare Pl. 14, Fig. 4 with Fig.
Ybselosoecia typica (MANZONI, 1878)
Pl. 15, Fig. 1-5
1878
Filisparsa typica sp.n. – Manzoni p. 10, Pl. 8, Fig. 30
v. 1977 Ybselosoecia typica (MANZONI) – Vávra p. 48 (cum syn.)
1997
Ybselosoecia typica (MANZONI) – Pouyet p. 26, Pl. 1,
Fig. 1-4
2003
Ybselosoecia typica (MANZONI) – Zágoršek p. 119,
Pl. 4, Fig. 5, 6 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The types were not found in the collections
stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna, probably lost.
M a t e r i a l : Very common species, altogether 30 specimens were studied, but only a few with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony is erect with semilunar cross
section. Apertures in 5 to 10 irregular rows with long peristomes. Frontal wall slightly perforated by pseudopores.
Dorsal side concave, smooth sometimes slightly concentrically ribbed. Gonozooecium large, irregularly oval, extended over 5 to 20 autozooecia with a very flat frontal wall.
The oeciopore is small, about half the diameter of an autozooecial aperture with short oeciostome, slightly curved
proximally.
Family Terviidae CANU et BASSLER, 1920
Genus Tervia JULLIEN, 1882
Colony erect, dichotomously branching, unilaminar.
Autozooecial apertures situated only on one side, sometimes arranged in loose fascicles. Fascicles never parallel to
each other (unlike Exidmonea). Lateral walls of the autozooecia form structures similar to the nervi in Horneridae
arranged between autozooecial apertures. Gonozooecia situated dorsally; the axis is parallel to the direction of growth.
Oeciostome is terminal.
Tervia irregularis (MENEGHINI, 1844)
Pl. 16, Fig. 1-7
1920
Tervia irregularis MENEGHINI – Canu and Bassler p. 789,
fig. 254a-f
31
1977
1985
2008a
Tervia irregularis (MENEGHINI) – Vávra p. 35 (cum syn.)
Tervia irregularis (MENEGHINI) – Hayward and Ryland
p. 106, fig. 37
Tervia irregularis (MENEGHINI) – Zágoršek et al. p. 839,
Fig. 6/3-7
M a t e r i a l : Common species, altogether 33 specimens studied, but only two with gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony erect, often branching and
delicate. Autozooecial apertures slightly oval, arranged in
rows. Rows composed of pairs or triple fascicles of peristomes on each side of the colony axis and a median peristome, slightly irregularly placed from the fascicles. Peristomes curving laterally from the colony axis. Frontal wall
with pseudopores, boundaries between autozooecial tubes
marked by distinct grooves. Dorsal side of the colony with
characteristic “V” shape distinct grooves separating each
autozooecial tube. The gonozooecium is dorsal, developed
in the area of bifurcation, sack-like, very large (length about
1,21 mm and maximum width 0,74 mm), with convex and
strongly porous frontal wall. Oeciopore oval, situated very
close to the surface of the branch, with prominent lip.
R e m a r k s : The arrangement of autozooecia is identical with specimens described by Hayward and Ryland
(1985). The gonozooecium is in one specimen slightly
wider, in another specimen identical with the gonozooecium as described by Hayward and Ryland (1985). The lip of
the oeciopore is identical. Therefore, the fossil species may
be attributed to the recent one.
The main difference between Tervia and Ybselosoecia
(Plate 15) – if no gonozooecium is visible , is the development of the dorsal side of the colony. Tervia shows a characteristic “V” shaped arrangement of lateral walls of dorsal
autozooecia (Pl. 16, Fig. 7), while Ybselosoecia has a smooth
dorsal side of the colony.
A similar species is also Exidmonea giebeli (STOLICZKA,
1862), which usually has larger colonies and an additional
aperture developed between the pairs of fascicles, situated
close to the median area of the frontal side of the colony
(Pl. 6, Fig. 3).
Family Entalophoridae REUSS, 1869
Genus Mecynoecia CANU, 1918
Colony erect, multilaminar, bifurcate. Autozooecial tubes arranged around the colonial axis, the apertures open on
all sides, not arranged in fascicles. Gonozooecium parallel
with the autozooecial axis. No kenozooecia.
The problems of this family have been discused in detail
by Walter (1969) and his conclusions are followed here.
Mecynoecia pulchella (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 17, Fig. 1-8
v. 1847 Cricopora pulchella m. – Reuss p. 40, Pl. 6, Fig. 10
1977
Mecynoecia pulchella (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 41 (cum
syn.)
v. 2003 Mecynoecia pulchella (REUSS, 1847) – Zágoršek p. 116,
Pl. 5, Fig. 2 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype was established by Vávra (1977),
it is deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under
the number 1870.13.53.
32
M a t e r i a l : Very common species, altogether 51
specimens were studied, a few of them with gonozooecia.
An additional 6 specimens were available in the Reuss collection stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna under
the numbers 1859.19.156, 1859.45.671, 1847.38.41,
1867.40.52 and 1867.40.57 (under the names Postulopora
sparsa and P. anomala) from section Podivín.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony formed by 12 to 16 autozooecial tubes arranged around the colonial axis. The tubes are
narrow, short with circular to oval aperture. Apertures are
very densely arranged, situated on short peristomes. Frontal
walls short, slightly convex, smooth slightly perforated by
pseudopores. The gonozooecium is large, perforated by 4 to
10 autozooecial tubes, with slightly convex frontal wall.
The oeciopore is circular, situated close to an autozooecial
aperture, almost as large as the autozooecial aperture.
R e m a r k s : The main difference between Mecynoecia pulchella (REUSS, 1847) and Mecynoecia proboscidea
(MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838), when no gonozooecium is developed, is the number of autozooecial tubes around the colonial stem and the density of apertures.
One specimen (Pl. 17, Fig. 8) has the gonozooecium
developed on the budding edge of the colony and the oeciopore is not attached to an autozooecial aperture. These differences may indicate a different species; however these
observations were made only in one specimen until now –
this is not sufficient for any detailed species attribution.
Mecynoecia proboscidea (MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838)
Pl. 18, Fig. 1-5
1838
Pustulopora proboscidea sp.n. – Milne-Edwards p. 219,
Pl. 12, Fig. 2
v.1977 Mecynoecia proboscidea (MILNE-EDWARDS) – Vávra
p. 41 (cum syn.)
v. 2003 Mecynoecia proboscidea (MILNE-EDWARDS) – Zágoršek
p. 115, Pl. 2, Fig. 7 (cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether only 7 specimens were studied, one with a well-developed gonozooecium, one with a
rather unusual gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony with 3 to 5 autozooecial tubes
arranged around the colonial axis. The tubes are very long,
with a circular to oval aperture situated on long peristomes.
Frontal walls long, convex. Gonozooecium small, globular,
not perforated by autozooecial tubes, with a very small
oeciopore.
R e m a r k s : The temporal distribution of these two
species of Mecynoecia is different and interesting: during
the Eocene, the most common species is M. proboscidea,
while during the Miocene the most common is M. pulchella.
One specimen (Pl. 18, Fig. 5) has a gonozooecium
developed on the budding edge of the colony. This difference may indicate a different species; this has however been
observed in only one specimen until now – not sufficient for
any detailed species attribution.
Genus Exochoecia CANU et BASSLER, 1920
Colony erect, bilaminar, with flat cross section. Apertures arranged in fascicles opening on both sides of the
colony and curved directly towards the frontal margin of the
colony. The number of autozooecial tubes in fascicles ranges from 5 to 20. The gonozooecium is large, symmetrical
and prominent, with a nonporous frontal wall, situated on
the frontal side of the colony.
Exochoecia? compressa (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 19, Fig. 1-6
v. 1847 Idmonea compressa m. – Reuss p. 46, Pl. 6,Fig. 32
1977
Bicrisina? compressa (REUSS) – Vávra p. 72 (cum. syn.)
v. 2001 Exochoecia compressa (REUSS) – Zágoršek p. 27, Pl. 3,
Fig. 2
v. 2003 Exochoecia compressa (REUSS) – Zágoršek p. 117 (cum
syn.)
T y p e : The lectotype is deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1867.40.99 (established by Vávra, 1977).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 14 specimens were studied
and one specimen from the Natural History Museum Vienna from the locality Sedlec.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony reticulate, narrow, bilaminar
with distinct frontal and dorsal sides, rarely anastomosing.
Median lamina clearly visible. Growing edge developed on
frontal side. Autozooecial tubes arranged in curving lines
directed towards the frontal margin of the colony. Circular
apertures with small peristomes form radial rows (fascicles)
oblique to perpendicular to the direction of growth. No
gonozooecium observed.
R e m a r k s : The gonozooecia are extremely rare in
this species. The lectotype, as well as its syntypes have no
gonozooecia. The gonozooecia are known only in material
described from Hungary (Zágoršek, 2001). Canu and Bassler (1920) established Exochoecia, which has to have large
frontal gonozooecia. Although I did not find any gonozooecia in the Moravian material, according to other characteristic features, which are identical, I assume however that all
these specimens are conspecific.
This species is generally attributed to the genus Bicrisina D’ORBIGNY, 1853. The genus is very similar in colony
growth form (erect, reticuliporiform, comprising bilaminar
branches ovoid in transverse section, with distinct frontal
and reverse sides). The autozooecia however, as well as
kenozooecia, in Bicrisina are free-walled (lacking calcified
exterior walls); otherwise it is known only from the Cretaceous (Taylor, 2008). Therefore, the genus Exochoecia
seems to be the most probable attribution.
Suborder Fasciculina D’ORBIGNY, 1853
Family Frondiporidae BUSK, 1875
Genus Frondipora LINK, 1807
Colony erect, branching. Apertures opening on one side
only, grouped in bundles (circular fascicles). Gonozooecium shallow, pierced by few autozooecia. The oeciostome,
attached to one zooid, has a large oeciopore.
The suborder have been revised by Walter (1969), his
scheme is followed here.
Frondipora cf. verrucosa (LAMOUROX, 1821)
Pl. 20, Fig. 1-5
v. 1974
Frondipora verrucosa (LAMOUROX, 1821) – Vávra
p. 364, Pl. 2, Fig. 12, 13
1977
Frondipora verrucosa (LAMOUROX, 1821) – Vávra p. 50
(cum syn.)
1996
Frondipora verrucosa (LAMOUROX, 1821) – HaddadiHamdane p. 55, Pl. 2, Fig. 10-12 (cum. syn)
cf. 2002 Frondipora verrucosa (LAMOUROX, 1821) – Hayward
and McKinney p. 119, Fig. 56E – G (cum. syn)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 15 specimens were studied,
one with a partly preserved gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecial fascicles (bundles) consist of about 8 to 20 apertures. Usually fascicles are alternating on the frontal side of the colony, but sometimes
neighbouring fascicles may join and grow as a one large
fascicle. The gonozooecium is very shallow, not pronounced. The oeciopore is a little smaller than the autozooecial aperture, situated close to the proximal margin of the
fascicle.
R e m a r k s : Characteristic are robust colonies with
almost circular fascicles. The recent specimens have however always very large and extended fascicles (similar to
those in my Pl. 20, Fig. 4). Because the development of the
gonozooecium is very similar many palaeontologists
(among others Vávra, 1977 and Haddadi-Hamdane, 1996)
attributed the Miocene specimens to this species. A detailed
comparison between recent and fossil material is needed
however to confirm this attribution.
Frondipora parva sp.n.
Pl. 21, Fig. 1-7
D i a g n o s i s : Colonies small, branching. Frontal
side with apertures and polygonal mesopores, almost of
same size as autozooecial apertures. Autozooecial apertures
always forming transversal fascicles on the lateral side of
the colony, separated from the frontal part by mesopores.
Gonozooecium frontal, elongate, no frontal wall preserved.
Dorsal side smooth, perforated only by pseudopores.
H o l o t y p e : The specimen illustrated in Pl. 21,
Fig. 1, from the locality Kralice nad Oslavou S-11, deposited in the National Museum Prague under number PM2 –
P 01754
P a r a t y p e s : 2 specimens from the locality Kralice
nad Oslavou S-11, deposited in the National Museum
Prague under the numbers PM2 – P 01755 and P 01757.
D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : Due to the small fascicles
developed on the narrow frontal side; “parva” (small,
minute).
L o c u s t y p i c u s : Kralice nad Oslavou, sample
S-11 (according to Zágoršek et al., 2009).
S t r a t u m t y p i c u m : Langhian – Lower Badenian.
M e a s u r e m e n t s : (in micro meters = µm; x =
= average)
length of the colony: 2311 to 3300, x = 2806
33
width of the colony: 461 to 503, x = 482
length of autozooecia: 242 to 696, x = 465
width of autozooecia: 76 to 122, x = 101
diameter of autozooecial aperture: 95 to 179, x = 130
gonozooecium width x length: 426 x 872
D e s c r i p t i o n : Colonies small, branching. Frontal
side with apertures and polygonal mesopores, of almost
same size as autozooecial apertures. Always two autozooecial apertures in transversal fascicles on lateral side of the
colony, separated from the frontal part by mesopores.
Gonozooecium frontal, elongate, no frontal wall preserved.
Dorsal side smooth, perforated only by pseudopores.
C o m p a r i s o n : There are always two autozooecial
apertures in transversal fascicles on the lateral side of the
colony branch, mesopores are of almost the same size as the
autozooecia; the dorsal side is smooth, without nervi. The
species belongs to Frondipora because of the smooth dorsal side, perforated only by pseudopores and because of the
presence of a frontal elongated gonozooecium. Exidmonea
minima (ROEMER, 1862) as described by Mongereau (1969)
p. 240, Pl. 20, Fig. 4 and 8 shows very similar features, differing only in having the autozooecial apertures arranged on
alternating fascicles.
O c c u r r e n c e : In addition to the section Kralice nad
Oslavou, the species also occurs in the sections Rousínov
pumpa, Oslavany and Kroužek.
Genus Pseudofrondipora MONGEREAU, 1970
Colony erect with apertures opening on one side only.
Autozooecial apertures not in fascicles, but opening between large kenozooecia (cancelli – mesopores). Dorsal side
with nervi and vacuoles. Gonozooecium frontal.
Pseudofrondipora davidi MONGEREAU, 1970
Pl. 22, Fig. 1-6
1970
Pseudofrondipora davidi sp.n. – Mongereau p. 38, Pl. 1,
Fig. 4, 8, 9, Pl. 2, fig. 2, 3, 8, 9.
v. 1977 Pseudofrondipora davidi MONGEREAU, 1970 – Vávra p.
51 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Lectotype deposited in the collection of the
University of Lyon under the number FSL 19 992 (Mongereau, 1970).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 11 specimens from different
sections.
D i a g n o s i s : Colonies large, robust, branching. The
autozooecial apertures are large and polygonal, the mesopores are also polygonal, however smaller than the autozooecial apertures. Frontal side of the colony almost totally
occupied by mesopores. Rarely autozooecial apertures may
be arranged in large, coalescent fascicles. Gonozooecium
not observed. Dorsal side with thick, anastomosing nervi
and small vacuoles.
R e m a r k s : The characteristically developed frontal
side (large irregular fascicles) and the dorsal side (as in
Hornera, with sulci) clearly identify the genus and species
although no gonozooecia have been observed.
34
Suborder Articulata BUSK, 1859
Family Crisiidae JOHNSTON, 1838
Genus Crisia LAMOUROX, 1812
Colony erect flexible and articulated. Internodes biserial; the number of autozooecia in each of them varies from
4 up to 10. Autozooecial apertures open on one side only.
Dorsal side of the colony slightly porous or rarely nonporous. Gonozooecia present, large, their direction of growth
is parallel to the colonial axis.
Crisia cf. eburnea (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Pl. 23, Fig. 1-5
1958a
Crisia eburnea (LINNAEUS) – Bobies p. 151, Pl. 12,
Fig. 2, 3
v. 1974 Crisia eburnea (LINNAEUS) – Vávra p. 347
1977
Crisia eburnea (LINNAEUS) – Vávra p. 11 (cum. syn.)
?1985 Crisia eburnea (LINNAEUS) – Hayward and Ryland p. 49,
Fig. 13
v. 2003 Crisia eburnea (LINNAEUS) – Zágoršek p. 109, Pl. 1,
Fig. 3 (cum. syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Very common species, altogether 20 specimens studied, one with partly preserved gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : The colony branches (internodes) are
very narrow. The maximum width of the colony (about
0,287mm) corresponds to the width of two autozooecial
tubes. A narrow furrow laterally separates the autozooecia.
Autozooecial tubes are long (0.75 – 1mm) terminated by a
rounded aperture. The autozooecial wall is slightly ribbed
or smooth, nonporous and a little convex. The gonozooecium is large and globular, the frontal wall is not preserved.
R e m a r k s : Crisia eburnea was originally described
from recent seas (LINNAEUS, 1758). Recent specimens
develop gonozooecia, with a more elongated proximal part;
they have a lower number of autozooecial tubes per branch
(Hayward and Ryland, 1985). Fossil material is often attributed to this species (among others Vávra, 1977 or Pouyet,
1997), because the general morphology is very similar. The
gonozooecia are however clearly distinguishable and therefore fossil specimens are probably not conspecific with
recent ones. A greater number of better preserved fossil
specimens, especially with developed gonozooecia are
needed for a clear description and a correct attribution of
this species.
A strikingly similar species, Crisia haueri REUSS, 1847
has even narrower colony branches, with most of the width
of its colony formed by one autozooecial tube only.
A very similar species has recently been described as
Crisia romanica ZÁGORŠEK et. al. 2008b, which has narrower gonozooecia and a more prominent oeciostome and autozooecial tubes less densely arranged.
One specimen from Vranovice (Pl. 23, Fig. 1) shows
autozooecia with coalescent apertures. The other features
however clearly identify this specimen as Crisia cf.
eburnea.
Crisia elongata MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838
Pl. 24, Fig. 1-6
1838
Crisia elongata sp.n. – Milne-Edwards p. 203, Pl. 7, Fig. 2
v. 1847 Crisia Edwardsii m. – Reuss p. 53, Pl. 7, Fig. 20
1920
Crisia Edwardsii REUSS – Canu and Bassler p. 705,
Pl. 141, Fig. 5 - 7 (cum. syn.)
v. 1958a Crisia elongata MILNE-EDWARDS – Bobies p. 158, Pl. 13,
Fig. 4, Pl. 15, Fig. 22, 23 (cum. syn.)
v. 2001 Crisia elongata MILNE-EDWARDS – Zágoršek p. 23,
Pl. 1, Fig. 4, 5 (cum. syn)
v. 2003 Crisia elongata MILNE-EDWARDS – Zágoršek p. 108,
Pl. 1, Fig. 1 (cum. syn)
M a t e r i a l : Very abundant species, altogether 55 specimens were studied, but none of them with a gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : The width of the colony branch
(internode) is about 0.3 mm, which is the width of about
4 autozooecial tubes and this is approximately equal or a little smaller than the distance between the apertures (0.25 to
0,35mm). The apertures are circular with a very salient peristome. The peristome is slightly developed, usually curved
laterally. The autozooecial frontal wall is smooth, slightly
ribbed, but a little convex. The dorsal wall is smooth,
porous and convex. Gonozooecia have not been observed.
R e m a r k s : Hardly distinguishable from Crisia hoernesii REUSS, 1847. The main differences are the colony
width (in C. hoernesii it is approximately equal to the width
of 5 to 7 autozooecial tubes), the number of apertures on
one internode being greater (more than 15, sometimes up to
18-20) and the apertures protruding distinctly from the margin of the colony.
The specimens of Crisia Edwardsii m. described by
Reuss (1847) and stored in the Museum of Natural History
in Vienna have less porous dorsal walls, but the other features are identical.
larger distance between autozooecial apertures than the
width of the colony and generally by the narrower branches.
Crisia haueri REUSS, 1847
Pl. 26, Fig.1-2
v. 1847
v. 1958a
1977
v. 2001
T y p e : Neotype deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under number 223a/1957 established by
Bobies, (1958a).
M a t e r i a l : Rare species, altogether only 5 specimens were studied, usually not well preserved.
D i a g n o s i s : The colony is articulated, narrow and
biserial. The width of the colony is usually only the width
of one autozooecial tube (average 0.15 mm). The autozooecia are very long with a circular, terminal orifice. The peristome is slightly developed, often absent. The distal-most
part of the autozooecium with the aperture projects from the
colony margin. The autozooecial walls are smooth, slightly
porous, a little convex. No furrows between neighbouring
autozooecia. Gonozooecia unknown.
R e m a r k s : The type material is very badly preserved. The autozooecial tubes are a little shorter than those
from the Moravian Miocene, but the arrangement of autozooecial tubes is identical. Neither type, nor studied material developed gonozooecia.
Suborder Cancellata GREGORY, 1896
Family Horneridae SMITT, 1867
Genus Hornera LAMOUROUX, 1821
Crisia hoernesi REUSS, 1847
Pl. 25, Fig. 1-5
v. 1847 Crisia Hörnesii m. – Reuss p. 54, Pl. 7, Fig. 21, Pl. 11.
Fig. 28
1920
Crisia hörnesi REUSS – Canu and Bassler p. 704, Pl. 141,
Fig. 1- 4 (cum. syn.)
v. 1958a Crisia hoernesii REUSS – Bobies p. 155, Pl. 14, Fig. 9-13
v. 1977 Crisia hoernesi REUSS – Vávra p. 14 (cum syn.)
v. 2003 Crisia hoernesii REUSS – Zágoršek p. 108, Pl. 1, Fig. 2
(cum. syn.)
T y p e : Neotype deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 230/1957 established by
Bobies (1958a).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 23 specimens were studied,
none of them with a gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : The colony width is approximately
equal to the width of 5 to 7 autozooecial tubes. The width
of the colony (0.25 to 0,35mm) is always larger than the
distance between the apertures (0.20 to 0,30mm). The aperture is circular with a slight peristome. The autozooecial
frontal wall is slightly porous and smooth. No furrows
between the autozooecial tubes are visible. The dorsal side
of the colony is nonporous. A gonozooecium has not yet
been observed.
R e m a r k s : Most similar is the species Crisia elongata MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838; it differs however in having a
Crisia haueri m. – Reuss p. 54, Pl. 7, Fig. 22-24
Crisia haueri REUSS. – Bobies p. 150, Pl. 15, Fig. 17-21
Crisia haueri REUSS. – Vávra p. 13
Crisia haueri REUSS. – Zágoršek p. 23, Pl. 1, Fig. 2 (cum.
syn.)
Colony erect, bifurcate, apertures on one side only.
Frontal side formed by autozooecial tubes with apertures,
with sulci and vacuoles between them. Dorsal side with
sulci and nervi only, no autozooecial apertures. Gonozooecium large, always situated on the dorsal side.
Hornera cf. frondiculata LAMOUROUX, 1821
Pl. 26, Fig. 3-13
1972
Hornera frondiculata AUCT., Mongereau p. 329, Pl. 5,
Fig. 6, Pl. 6, Fig. 7, Pl. 7, Fig. 6 - 8 (cum. syn)
v. 1958b Hornera frondiculata LAMOUROUX – Bobies p. 122,
Pl. 1, Fig. 3, 4
v. 1977 Hornera frondiculata LAMOUROUX – Vávra p. 53 (cum
syn.)
?1988 Hornera frondiculata LAMOUROUX – Zabala and Maluquer p. 182, Fig. 625-629, Fig. 36A-B.
v. 2003 Hornera frondiculata Forbes in JOHNSON – Zágoršek
p. 120 (cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Very common species, occurs in almost
all sections. More than 140 specimens were studied, but
only a few show gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Apertures circular, alternating, not
arranged in any regular rows. Proximal vacuoles smaller
35
than distal, the number of proximal ones varies from 2 to 4,
there are 1-3 distal vacuoles. Dorsal side of the colony with
small irregularly scattered vacuoles and with anastomosing,
transversally ribbed nervi. Gonozooecium large, dorsal with
anastomosing narrow ridges and three wider ridges, which
are joining in the oeciopore. Oeciopore circular, almost in
the middle of the gonozooecium on a short peristome.
R e m a r k s : Recent specimens (for example Zabala
and Maluquer, 1988) show almost identical structures on
both sides of the branch and the gonozooecium is also very
similar. The presence of small ridges on the gonozooecium
and the position of the oeciopore are identical, in recent
specimens however no wider ridges are visible and the
oeciopore has a more pronounced oeciostome, which may
be due to preservation. The similarities between recent and
fossil gonozooecia are striking , so the specimens may be
indeed conspecific. A greater number of better preserved
gonozooecia in fossil material are needed to prove this
statement.
Hornera striata MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838
Pl. 27, Fig. 1-5
v. 1958b Hornera striata MILNE-EDWARDS – Bobies p. 123, Pl. 2,
Fig. 7, 11 and Pl. 3, Fig. 12 (cum syn.)
v. 1977 Hornera striata MILNE-EDWARDS – Vávra p. 54 (cum
syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 11 specimens were studied,
none of them with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Apertures circular, alternating, they
are not arranged in any regular rows. Vacuoles of almost the
same size, the number of proximal ones varies from 1-3,
only one distal vacuole developed. Strongly pronounced
nervi anastomosing between autozooecial apertures. Dorsal
side of the colony with rare, scattered vacuoles and longitudinal (not anastomosing), very narrow, smooth nervi. Gonozooecium not found among the studied specimens.
R e m a r k s : Characteristic are the strong anastomosing nervi on the frontal side of the colony and the longitudinal smooth nervi on the dorsal side.
Hornera subannulata PHILIPPI, 1844
Pl. 28, Fig. 1-5
v. 1958b Hornera subannulata PHILIPPI – Bobies p. 131, Pl. 3, Fig.
15-17 (cum syn.)
v. 1977 Hornera subannulata PHILIPPI, 1844 – Vávra p. 55 (cum
syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 15 specimens were studied,
none of them with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Apertures circular, alternating, forming slightly protruding fascicles. Two parallel vacuoles
proximally to the aperture, no distal vacuoles. Nervi on
frontal side indistinct, but lateral walls of autozooecial
tubes forming very prominent longitudinal structures. Autozooecial frontal walls immersed between these structures.
Dorsal side of the colony with wide, longitudinal smooth
nervi, vacuoles indistinct. Gonozooecium not found among
the studied specimens.
36
R e m a r k s : Very characteristic are strongly protruding autozooecial lateral walls and immersed frontal wall
(free wall organization of growth).
Hornera verrucosa REUSS, 1865
Pl.29, Fig. 1-5
v. 1865 Hornera verrucosa m. – Reuss p. 197, Pl. 9, Fig. 9
v. 1958b Hornera verrucosa REUSS – Bobies p. 125, Pl. 1, Fig. 5,
Pl. 3, Fig. 18 (cum syn.)
v. 1977 Hornera verrucosa REUSS – Vávra p. 55 (cum syn.)
v. 2003 Hornera verrucosa REUSS – Zágoršek p. 120, Pl. 5, Fig. 5,
Pl. 7, Fig. 5 (cum syn.)
T y p e : The neotype from Forchtenstein, deposited in the
Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 255/1957, was
established by Bobies (1958b).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 17 specimens were studied, none
of them with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Apertures circular, alternating, forming more or less transversal rows. Vacuoles of almost the
same size, one proximally and one distally from the aperture. Nervi on frontal side indistinct, anastomosing between
apertures. Dorsal side of the colony with rare, scattered vacuoles and anastomosing, wide, smooth nervi. Gonozooecium not found among the studied specimens.
R e m a r k s : Characteristic is the presence of one
proximal and one distal vacuole near each aperture.
Family Crisinidae D’ORBIGNY, 1853
Genus Crisidmonea MARSSON, 1887
Colony fixed-walled, erect, with triangular to oval transverse section. Pairs of fascicles arranged on frontal side of
the colony, the number of autozooecia in each fascicle varies
from 6 to 10. Mesopores abundant, covering almost the
whole frontal side of the colony. Dorsal side with large vacuoles. Gonozooecium large, elongated, situated on the
frontal side of the colony with a strongly porous frontal wall.
R e m a r k s : The type species (Retepora cancellata
GOLDFUSS, 1829) from the Maastrichtian of the Netherlands
was etstablished by Bassler (1953). According to Voigt
(1984), who illustrated the holotype of this species, the
colony is anastomosing (reteporiform) and developes gonozooecia with its frontal wall perforated by large kenozooecia.
Crisidmonea foraminosa (REUSS, 1851)
Pl. 30, Fig. 1-6
v. 1851
v. 1862
? 1859
v. 1865
1865
1878
1922
1922
Idmonea foraminosa m. – Reuss p. 171, Pl. 9, Fig. 19
Idmonea (Crisina) foraminosa REUSS, 1851 – Stoliczka p. 80
Idmonea punctata sp.n. – Busk p. 104, Pl. 15, Fig. 5
Crisina foraminosa REUSS, 1851 – Reuss p. 199, Pl. 9,
Fig. 6 (“partim”)
Crisina canaliculata m. – Reuss p. 199, Pl. 9, Fig. 8
Idmonea foraminosa REUSS, 1851 – Manzoni p. 7, Pl. 4,
Fig. 16
Polyascosoecia foraminosa (REUSS, 1851) – Canu and
Bassler p. 124
Polyascosoecia canaliculata (REUSS, 1865) – Canu and
Bassler p. 124
1996
Polyascosoeciella foraminosa (REUSS) – Taylor and
McKinney p. 227
T y p e : Lectotype, established herewith: the specimen
on Pl. 30, Fig. 1-2 deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1867.11.98, from the section
Freibühl (Styria,Austria).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 17 specimens were studied,
none of them with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony erect, rod-like with the diameter of the branch always exceeding 1mm. The frontal side
of the colony flat, its dorsal side curved. About 6 to 8 autozooecial apertures forming fascicles. The fascicles are
almost not alternating, usually developed in one line on
both sides of the branch of the colony. Rarely autozooecial
apertures also occur in chaotic fascicles. Kenozooecia of
two types. Small ones very abundant, circular, spread
around autozooecial apertures and on the dorsal and frontal
side of the branch. The second type is about as large as the
autozooecia and always developed only on the dorsal side
of the colony near a bifurcation (Pl. 30, Fig. 5-6). Gonozooecium not developed on studied specimens.
R e m a r k s : In the original REUSS collection seven
specimens named Idmonea foraminosa are stored (Zágoršek, 2003). The original illustration in Reuss (1851) does
not perfectly match the selected lectotype, it seems that the
original illustration, was by mistake, mirrored (turned
over), which often happened in old lithographical illustrations. This being the case, the chosen lectotype is the only
possible specimen from the type collection closely resembling the original illustration as given by Reuss (the size
and also the position of branching are identical). It differs
only in having shorter branches than those illustrated by
Reuss (1851).
Idmonea punctata BUSK, 1859 was put into synonymy
by Reuss (1851) and Manzoni (1878). The types of Crisina
canaliculata REUSS, 1865 show, according to the picture, all
features identical with Crisidmonea foraminosa REUSS,
1851. The original has not been found in the Natural History Museum Vienna collection.
Main differences between Crisidmonea foraminosa
REUSS, 1851 and Polyascosoecia cancellata CANU, 1920
are the presence of a nonporous frontal wall on the gonozooecium, a flat dorsal side of the branch and the positon of
the most lateral autozooecial aperture not jointed to the fascicles in Polyascosoecia. Moreover, Polyascosoecia has
only one type of kenozooecia on the dorsal side, it never
developed large kenozooecia on the dorsal side near a bifurcation. The problem is discussed by Zágoršek (2003) in
detail.
According to a detailed study of the lectotype and the
common understanding of the features characteristic for this
species (for example Vávra, 1991) the colonies are large
with fascicles consisting of 5-7 autozooecia. The gonozooecium of this species has not yet been described , only an
uncertain example has been illustrated by Vávra (1991).
Idmonea foraminosa REUSS 1851 was selected as type
species of Polyascosoeciella by Taylor and McKinney
(1996). As one can see on Pl. 30, Fig. 1-2 the specimen
selected here as lectotype does not show any gonozooecium
and resembles Crisidmonea rather than Polyascosoecia.
Therefore it is listed under the genus Crisidmonea and
Polyascosoeciella is regarded here as a subjective junior
synonym of Crisidmonea.
Genus Polyascosoecia CANU, 1920
Colony erect. Autozooecial apertures on alternating fascicles. A separate circular aperture occurring a little proximally, near each regular fascicle, is typical. The kenozooecia are of two types: small ones abundant covering almost
the whole frontal side of the colony, large ones developed
on the dorsal side. The gonozooecium is large, globular situated on the frontal side laterally perforated by kenozooecia.
R e m a r k s : The position of the genus Polyascosoeciella TAYLOR et MCKINNEY, 1996 is discussed in detail by
Zágoršek (2003)
Polyascosoecia cancellata CANU, 1920
Pl. 31, Fig. 1-8
v 1847
Idmonea cancellata GOLDFUSS – Reuss p. 46, Pl. 5,
Fig. 25-27
1920
Polyascosoecia coronopus sp.n. – Canu and Bassler p. 837
1977
Reteporidea coronopus (CANU et BASSLER, 1920) – Vávra
p. 59 (cum syn.)
v. 1991 Polyascosoecia coronopus CANU et BASSLER, 1920 – Vávra
p. 499, Pl. 1, Fig. 5, Pl. 2, Fig. 1-3
v. 2003 Polyascosoecia cancellata CANU, 1920 – Zágoršek
p. 123, Pl. 7, Fig. 7 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Specimen deposited in the USNM (Washington) under the number 68969 selected by Canu (1920).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 42 specimens were studied,
a few with well preserved gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony rod-like, rarely bifurcating
with a triangular to transverse cross section. About 3 to 5
autozooecial tubes per fascicle. One aperture occurs outside
of the regular fascicle, it is shifted a little proximally.
Frontal kenozooecia (‘mesopores’) very abundant. Dorsal
side of the colony flat with one type of kenozooecia (vacuoles?). Gonozooecium large, situated on the frontal side of
the colony close to a bifurcation, perforated by a few autozooecial tubes. Oeciopore not observed. Lateral kenozooecia are rare.
R e m a r k s : For a detailed description and discussion concerning this species see Zágoršek (2003); remarks
referring to the description of Crisidmonea foraminosa
(REUSS, 1851): this publication (see above).
Suborder Cerioporina HAGENOW, 1851
Family Cerioporidae REUSS, 1865
Genus Ceriopora GOLDFUSS, 1827
Colonies spherical, massive. Autozooecial tubes hexagonal to oval, arranged in quincuncial pattern. Kenozooecia
almost equal in size to autozooecia, numerous. Internal wall
structure (so called ‘cerioporid’ structure) composed of
frontally divergent laminae only, no central granular layer
37
developed. Gonozooecia large, spreading across several
autozooecia and kenozooecia.
Ceriopora tumulifera CANU et LECOINTRE, 1934
Pl. 32, Fig. 1-3
1934
Ceriopora tumulifera nov. sp. – Canu and Lecointre,
p. 203-204, pl. 43, fig.1-9, pl. 44, fig. 10-16.
v. 2004 ?Ceriopora tumulifera CANU et LECOINTRE. – Vávra,
p.31-32, fig.1F, G.
v. 2007a Ceriopora tumulifera CANU et LECOINTRE, 1934 – Zágoršek et al. p. 207, Fig. 3A-C
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 5 specimens were studied
from Hlohovec and Nesyt and one colony from the Natural
History Museum Vienna (1859.45.659), also from Hlohovec (=Bischofswart).
D i a g n o s i s : The colonies are massive, spherical or
hemispherical with a distinct regular pattern of ‘protuberances’ (‘mamelons’). The autozooecia are cylindrical,
polygonal. Gonozooecia have not been observed. A section
through a colony showed different growth zones indicated
by blackened layers and the characteristic cerioporid wall
structures.
R e m a r k s : The detailed description is given in
Zágoršek et al. (2007a).
Genus Heteropora BLAINVILLE, 1830
Colony globular or encrusting, with a smooth surface.
Autozooecial tubes long, mostly cylindrical with perforated
walls, arranged around the whole colony, never in fascicles.
Between autozooecial tubes, there are many kenozooecia.
Gonozooecia known only in Cretaceous species.
R e m a r k : Heteropora is here understood as a genus
with encrusting or globular colonies with small differences
of size between kenozooecia and autozooecia.
Heteropora sp.
Pl.33, Fig. 1-4
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 19 specimens were studied ,
none of them with gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Massive spherical or hemispherical
colonies, with or without irregular pattern of ‘protuberances’ (‘mamelons’). A thin section showed different
growth phases indicated by blackened layers. Autozooecia
are cylindrical, polygonal, with adjacent tubes separated by
thick walls. Autozooecial orifices are of almost the same
diameter around the whole colony surface, mesozooecial
orifices have a distinctly smaller diameter, they are
arranged chaotically. Brood chambers (gonozooecia) not
observed.
R e m a r k s : Due to the presence of mesozooecia and
the development of autozooecial orifices not forming any
fascicles, these specimens belong to Heteropora as revised
by Nye (1976). The poor preservation does not permit
determination at species level.
38
Genus Tetrocycloecia CANU, 1917
Colony erect, columnar, dendroid. autozooecia freewalled, dimorphic. Autozooecial apertures not arranged in
fascicles, kenozooecia abundant. Gonozooecia large,
extending between many autozooecia (usually about 30),
with densely perforated by pseudopores.
R e m a r k : According to Nye (1976) the emended
spelling Tretocycloecia has been rejected.
The genus is generally very similar to Heteropora
BLAINVILLE, 1830, but differs in having columnar dendroid
colonies (Heteropora has usually globular colonies) and a
well-developed dimorphism. As discussed by Taylor and
McKinney (2006), the difference between these two genera
needs a thorough revision.
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma CANU, 1919
Pl. 34, Fig. 1-4
v. 1847 Heteropora dichotoma GOLDFUSS, 1827 – Reuss p. 35,
Pl. 5, Fig. 20
? 1925 Tetrocycloecia dichotoma (REUSS, 1847) – Kühn p. 33,
Pl. 2, fig. 8, Text figs 10, 11.
1976
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma CANU, 1919 – Nye p. 148,
Pl. 45 and Pl. 46 (cum syn.)
v. 1977 Tretocycloecia dichotoma (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 65
(cum syn.)
T y p e : Nye (1976) selected as type material six specimens from the Natural History Museum Vienna with the
numbers 1859.50.686 1, 2 and 3 and 1867.40.1, 2 and 3.
Kühn (1925) established a lectotype for the species Tretocycloecia dichotoma (REUSS, 1847), the specimen is deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number
1859.50.686a.
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 7 specimens were studied,
none of them with gonozooecium. Additional specimens
from the Reuss collection stored in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1859.19.145 from the
section Sedlec (listed under the old name Porzteich) have
been included in the investigation.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony thick (1-1,5 mm), often
dichotomously branching. Kenozooecia very abundant,
arranged around autozooecial apertures in an irregular quincuncial pattern. Gonozooecium not observed.
R e m a r k s : Type specimen does not show any gonozooecium either, the pattern of arrangement of kenozooecia
is identical with the studied specimens.
As already stated by Nye (1976), according to the ICZN
Article 70B, the author of the species is Canu (1919),
because Reuss (1847) erroneously reported the Goldfuss
species to occur only in the Vienna basin. For a detailed discussion see Nye (1976).
This species differs from Tetrocycloecia dichotoma
KÜHN, 1925 by developing a smaller number of autozooecial apertures. This feature may be however caused by different stages of ontogenesis (Kühn’s material shows much
larger diameters of the branches). No gonozooecia being
available for study, the exact attribution of Kühn’s material
remains however uncertain.
Genus Tholopora GREGORY, 1909
Colony erect with subglobular subcolonies. Stems cylindrical, thick. Kenozooecia abundant, basal lamina present.
Although Tholopora is a typical Cretaceous genus (Pitt
and Taylor, 1990), it may also occur in the Miocene (Zágoršek et al., 2007a).
Remarks: Tholopora is listed under the unassigned
cyclostomatous genera, but due to the presence of kenozooecia and the general appearance of the colony it may be
tentatively placed into the family Cerioporidae.
Tholopora neufferi VÁVRA 1983
Pl. 35, Fig. 1-3
v. 1983 Tholopora neufferi n.sp. – Vávra p. 83, pl. 3, fig. 8-11
2007a Tholopora neufferi VÁVRA – Zágoršek et al. p. 210,
Fig. 4A-B
T y p e : Holotype (Vávra, 1983) from the sand-pit
Gaul in Steigerberg (Mainz Basin), deposited in the ‘Naturhistorisches Museum der Stadt Mainz’ under the number
NHM-Mz-PWL 1980/38.
M a t e r i a l : Two well-preserved colonies (PM2 – P
01256 and PM2 – P 01257) from the locality Hlohovec
D i a g n o s i s : Colonies columnar, bifurcating, developing characteristic subcolonies. Subcolonies are short, a
little more than 1 mm thick, and consist of about 10-12
autozooecial tubes on top of each other. Autozooecial tubes
circular, arranged chaotically, sometimes however in quincunx. Kenozooecia single, rare, sometimes occurring in fascicles. The kenozooecial fascicles occupy an area equal to
about 5-7 autozooecial tubes. Basal lamina well developed,
usually very wide and smooth. No gonozooecia developed.
R e m a r k s : A detailed discussion and description of
this species was given in Zágoršek et al. (2007a).
Genus Bobiesipora Vávra, 1978
Colony erect with an encrusting base. Autozooecial
apertures arranged in several rows forming elevated, multilaminar and robust fascicles. There are kenozooecia as large
as the autozooecia between the fascicles. Dorsal side porous
with small pores and large kenozooecia, arranged in longitudinal rows. Gonozooecium on the dorsal side.
R e m a r k s : Bobiesipora is listed under the unassigned cyclostomatous genera, but due to the presence of
kenozooecia and the general appearance of the colony it
may be tentatively placed into the family Cerioporidae.
Bobiesipora fasciculata (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 36, Fig. 1
v. 1847 Apsendesia fasciculata sp.n. – Reuss p. 40, Pl. 6, Fig. 8
v. 1978 Bobiesipora fasciculata (REUSS) – Vávra p. 230, Pl. 1,
Fig. 3-6, Pl. 2, Fig. 1-4
v. 1989 Bobiesipora fasciculata (REUSS) – Vávra p. 92, Pl. 1,
Fig. 5 (cum syn.)
v. 2003 Bobiesipora fasciculata (REUSS) – Zágoršek p. 119, Pl. 5,
Fig. 3 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Lectotypes deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1867.40.42; established
by Vávra (1977).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 7 specimens were studied
mainly from Kralice nad Oslavou.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony erect, with circular basal part.
The branches budded regularly around the base and developed three-dimensional conical fans. Autozooecial tubes
alternating regularly, having large apertures separated by
kenozooecia. The gonozooecium was not observed. Dorsal
side of the colony with typically arranged pores surrounded
by a low, narrow rim
R e m a r k s : One doubtful structure, which might be a
gonozooecium with a broken frontal wall was preserved. The
characteristic development of the colony and the pores on the
branches are adequate to identify the species however.
Suborder Rectangulata WATERS, 1887
Family Lichenoporidae SMITT, 1867
Genus Disporella GRAY, 1847
Colony encrusting, non-pedunculate,discoidal to oval
with a well-developed basal lamella. Autozooecia arranged
in radial ridges – fascicles only on the apical side of the
colony. Fascicles prominent, uniserial or multiserial, with
large autozooecial apertures. Cancelli polygonal. Gonozooecium situated in the central area. Dorsal side of the
colony is nonporous, usually with visible growth lines
and/or slightly ribbed.
Disporella cf. hispida (FLEMING, 1828)
Pl. 36, Fig. 2-5
?v 1847
1964
v. 1977
? 1985
Defrancia deformis m. – Reuss P. 36, Pl. 5, Fig. 24
Lichenopora hispida (FLEMING) – Udin p. 436
Lichenopora hispida (FLEMING) – Vávra p. 68 (cum. syn.)
Disporella hispida (FLEMING) – Hayward and Ryland
p. 128, Fig. 45, 46
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 21 specimens were studied,
mainly from Kralice nad Oslavou.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony encrusting, oval to circular.
Autozooecial tubes arranged in uniserial rows, however,
sometimes close to the central part of the colony there are
no fascicles and the autozooecial tubes are isolated. Close
to the margin of the colony the fascicles disappear , the
apertures are arranged more irregularly or in a quincuncial
pattern. Gonozooecia prominent, very large, occupying
almost the whole central part of the colony; they have a
porous frontal wall. Oeciopore not clearly visible, perhaps
situated between autozooecial apertures at the margin of the
gonozooecium.
R e m a r k s : Defrancia deformis REUSS 1847 deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna (especially number 1859.50.700) is very similar to the described specimens.
Therefore Vávra (1974) synonymised this Reuss species
with Disporella hispida (FLEMING, 1828). Because the
Reuss material does not show any gonozooecia, the exact
attribution to the species however remains uncertain.
39
The recent specimens (for example Hayward and Ryland, 1985) are very similar to the fossil ones, they mainly
differ in having more extended basal laminae and an oeciopore with a peristome a little larger than the autozooecial
apertures. The oeciopore has not been clearly identified in
the fossil material, similar structures are visible on two
specimens (Pl. 36, Fig. 3 and 4) however, but due to the
preservation no peristome can be observed; it cannot be
confirmed therefore if these openings are oeciopores. More
fossil material with well-preserved gonozooecia is needed
to decide if fossil and recent specimens are conspecific.
Disporella goldfussi (REUSS, 1864)
Pl. 37, Fig. 1-3
v. 1847 Defrancia stellata GOLDFUSS – Reuss p. 37, Pl. 6, Fig. 2.
v. 1864 Radiopora goldfussi m. – Reuss p. 676
1865
Radiopora goldfussi REUSS– Reuss p. 84, Pl. 10, Fig. 11,
12
1977
Lichenopora goldfussi (REUSS) – Vávra p. 67
1992
Lichenopora goldfussi (REUSS) – El Hajjaji p. 76, Pl. 3,
Fig. 15.
v. 2003 Disporella goldfussi (REUSS) – Zágoršek p. 125, Pl. 8,
Fig. 6-7 (cum. syn.)
T y p e : Lectotypes deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1865.3.87 (Vávra, 1977)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 17 specimens were studied, a
few of them with gonozooecia.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony globular to columnar, composed of superposed disks, sometimes very large. Autozooecial tubes arranged in triserial fascicles, 16 to 25 fascicles
around the colonial stem. Kenozooecial tubes polygonal to
oval. Gonozooecium very large, occupying almost the whole
terminal part of the colony. Oeciopore not preserved.
R e m a r k s : When a gonozooecium is developed, the
fascicles are very inconspicuous, sometimes not even visible. Although gonozooecia have not been found among the
Reuss type material stored in the Museum of Natural History in Vienna, the other features are identical and allow exact
determination.
Disporella cf. radiata (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826)
Pl. 38, Fig. 1-3
?v. 1847 Defrancia prolifera m. – Reuss p. 37, Pl. 6, Fig. 1
v. 1977 Lichenopora radiata (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN) – Vávra
p. 69 (cum. syn.)
? 1985 Lichenopora radiata (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN) – Hayward
and Ryland P. 124, Fig. 43
1997
Lichenopora prolifera (REUSS) – Pouyet p. 30, Pl. 2,
Fig. 5-6
v 2003 Disporella radiata (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN) – Zágoršek
p. 126, Pl. 8, Fig. 4 (cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 14 specimens were studied,
one specimen shows a probable gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony encrusting with a thin basal
lamella and with a small central area. Rarely, a composite
colony may be formed. Autozooecial tubes arranged in
uniserial, very long fascicles occupying almost the whole
40
central area. Kenozooecia are large, polygonal and sometimes as large as autozooecia. A fragment of a gonozooecium is visible between the central part of the colony and the
beginning of the formation of fascicles. The frontal roof of
the gonozooecium is not preserved, therefore the oeciopore
is not recognizable.
R e m a r k s : According to Vávra (1977) Defrancia
prolifera REUSS, 1847 is a junior synonym of Disporella
radiata (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826). Recent specimens of
Lichenopora radiata (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826) as
described for example by Hayward and Ryland (1985),
show very similar features in respect to the development of
the frontal side of the colony and also by forming composite colonies.
The gonozooecium in recent specimens of Disporella
radiata is immersed in the central part of the colony, the
oeciopore is much larger than the autozooecial aperture and
has a very distinctive peristome. There are no gonozooecia
developed in the syntypes deposited in the Museum of Natural History in Vienna among the Reuss material, therefore
the attribution of this species to Disporella remains uncertain.
One studied specimen (Pl. 38, Fig. 3) shows a large
opening in the place, where the oeciopore should be situated, but – perhaps due to the preservation – no peristome is
observable. More fossil material with well-preserved gonozooecia is needed to decide if fossil and recent specimens
are conspecific.
Genus Trochiliopora GREGORY, 1909
Colony pedunculate, conical with porous outer surface
and with autozooecial apertures opening on the apical, circular part of the colonial centre. Apertures polygonal,
arranged in radial biserial to multiserial fascicles. Kenozooecia (cancelli) small and rare. Gonozooecium in
depressed centre of the colony.
Trochiliopora insignis (MANZONI, 1878)
Pl. 39, Fig. 1-7
v. 1878 Discotubigera insignis sp.n. – Manzoni p. 17, Pl. 16,
Fig. 64
1977
Trochiliopora? insignis (MANZONI, 1878) – Vávra p. 71
(cum syn.)
T y p e : Lectotypes deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1860.38.27 (Vávra,
1977).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 7 specimens were studied,
one with a small gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony large, circular to oval with a
long peduncle. Autozooecia arranged in short but prominent, biserial to multiserial fascicles, usually exceeding the
margin of the upper part of the cone. Kenozooecia small,
oval. Gonozooecium small, situated at the margin of the
central area, its roof is not preserved.
R e m a r k s : Trochiliopora is usually regarded as
a Cretaceous genus, but it was already found in the Eocene
of Austria and Hungary (Zágoršek, 2001, 2003). An occur-
rence in the Miocene has also been suggested by Vávra
(1977).
Genus Coronopora GRAY, 1847
Colony forming cylindrical or nodular shapes with
encrusting base. Autozooecia in multiserial radial rows.
Gonozooecium elongated, spread across 3-4 autozooecial
rows. Oeciopore situated centrally on a short oeciostome.
Coronopora cf. disticha (HAGENOW, 1851)
Pl. 40, Fig. 1-2
1851
1972
Defrancia disticha sp.n. – Hagenow p. 142, Pl. 4, Fig. 1 part.
Theonoa disticha (HAGENOW, 1851) – Brood p. 327, Pl.
39, Fig. 1, 5, 9
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 4 specimens were studied,
one of them with a well-developed gonozooecium.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony lobate, it may represent an
encrusting base. Autozooecia in biserial to multiserial radial rows, raising significantly above the basal surface. Gonozooecium situated on the margin of the colony, extending
transversally to the rows, spreading over 4-5 rows. Oeciopore oval situated on a short oeciostome (peristome)
R e m a r k s : Although Coronopora should form
nodular colonies (Hayward and Ryland, 1985); the studied
specimens perhaps represent the encrusting base however.
Theonoa LAMOUROUX, 1821 as revised by Walter (1969)
has triangular gonozooecia and is often forming subcolonies. Coronopora as described by Hayward and Ryland
(1985) developed the same type of gonozooecium with the
same position of the oeciopore; even the characters of the
fascicles are identical with the specimens studied.
Theonoa disticha as described by Brood (1972) has
been reported only from the Cretaceous to the Danian,
but the similarities are very convincing. The position and
the shape of the gonozooecium and the position of the
oeciopore are identical. To confirm the identification, the
type material of Defrancia disticha has still to be studied
however.
1978
Terebripora falunica FISCHER – Pohowsky p. 114-116,
pl. 19, fig. 5,6, pl. 20, fig. 1-4, pl. 21, fig. 1-6, text-fig. 1
(C-E)
v. 2007a Terebripora falunica FISCHER – Zágoršek et. al. p. 210,
Fig. 5A-D (cum syn.)
T y p e: The lectotype is stored in the Natural History
Museum Paris under the number 79532-1 (Pohowsky, 1978).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 3 specimens were studied; all
are stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the
numbers 2006z0216/001 and 2006z0216/002.
D i a g n o s i s : Boring traces of the colony show
a rather fenestrate pattern, lateral stolons arise typically at
mid-length – or slightly distal to mid-length – of the autozooecia. Autozooids arranged horizontally along the stolon,
proximal part not adjacent to stolon. Total length of autozooecia varies from 0,25 to 0,38 mm. Apertures are located
on right or left side of the stolon. Autozooecial and stolon
tabulates absent. Heterozooecia not observed.
R e m a r k s : Studied specimens show a large variability of length similar to the type material as described by
Pohowsky (1978). He gives the total length of autozooecia
as 0,30 to 0,37 mm. No heterozooecia and ancestrula have
been observed in the studied specimens, but the characteristic development of lateral stolons in a slightly distal position from mid-length of the autozooecia is clearly visible
Order Cheilostomata BUSK, 1852
Suborder Malacostegina LEVINSEN, 1902
Superfamily Membraniporoidea BUSK, 1852
Family Membraniporidae BUSK, 1852
Genus Biflustra D’ORBIGNY 1852
Colony encrusting. Autozooecia with well-developed
cryptocyst, no avicularia and no spines. Opesia usually very
large. Gymnocyst not developed. Ovicell unknown.
Biflustra savartii (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826)
Pl. 42, Fig. 1-5
1974
Class Gymnolaemata ALLMAN, 1896
Order Ctenostomata BUSK, 1852
Suborder Stoloniferina EHLERS, 1876
Superfamily Terebriporoidea D’ORBIGNY, 1847
Family Terebriporidae D’ORBIGNY, 1847
Genus Terebripora d’Orbigny, 1847
Colonies boring, non-pedunculate. Autozooecia arranged horizontally along the stolon, distally jointed to the
stolon, proximally not jointed. Apertures situated on left or
right side of the stolon. Lateral stolons developed from the
middle part of the length of the autozooecium.
1988
Biflustra savartii (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826) – David
and Pouyet p. 99
Biflustra savartii (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826) – Moissette pl. 11, fig. 6
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 8 specimens were studied,
mainly from the Moravian part of the Vienna Basin.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony encrusting, autozooecia arranged in longitudinal rows, oval with well-developed cryptocyst. Opesia rectangular to oval, mural rim smooth and narrow.
R e m a r k s : Characteristic are the encrusting colonies, the rectangular shape of autozooecia and opesia.
Biflustra sp.
Terebripora falunica FISCHER, 1865
Pl. 41, Fig. 1-4
1865
Terebripora falunica sp.n. – Fischer p. 301-302
Pl. 43, Fig. 1-5
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 11 specimens were studied,
only from the section Sedlec.
41
D i a g n o s i s : Colony bilaminar to multilaminar
with a circular or slightly oval cross section. The autozooecia are arranged in 4 to 8 regular longitudinal autozooecial
rows, rectangular to slightly oval, about three times longer
than wide. Opesia characteristically oval. The cryptocyst is
well developed, smooth, sometimes situated very deeply
inside the autozooecium. The opesia are circular to oval,
placed near the distal margin of the autozooecium. The
mural rim is granular and narrow.
R e m a r k s : Biflustra sp. differs from Biflustra savartii texturata (REUSS, 1847) in having much longer autozooecia, oval opesia and massive colonies with a lower number
of autozooecial rows. Biflustra D’ORBIGNY 1852 should
grow only to form encrusting colonies, but due to different
structures observed (oval opesia, no gymnocyst, and no ovicells) it seems to be closely related to the genus Biflustra.
Tilbrook, 2006 revised this genus and also mentioned erect
colonies .
Similar to Crassimarginatella macrostoma (REUSS, 1847),
but differs in having no avicularia and no gymnocyst.
Due to the lack of additional features (avicularia, ovicells) it is impossible to establish a new species.
Family Electridae D’ORBIGNY, 1851
Genus Eokotosokum TAYLOR et CUFFEY, 1992
Colony encrusting. Autozooecia with a membranous
frontal wall and a narrow mural rim. Cryptocyst narrow,
gymnocyst nonporous. Pair of large spine bases situated on
the distolateral corners. No ovicells, no avicularia.
?Eokotosokum bobiesi (DAVID et POUYET, 1974)
Pl. 44, Fig. 1-5
?1974
1977
1988
?2006
Membranipora bobiesi nov. sp. – David and Pouyet p.
96, Pl. 2, Fig. 1
Membranipora bobiesi DAVID et POUYET – Vávra p. 74
(cum syn.)
Aplousina bobiesi (DAVID et POUYET) – Moissette p. 78,
Pl. 12, Fig. 7 and 11
?Crassimarginatella bobiesi DAVID et POUYET – Berning
p. 22, Fig. 12, 13
T y p e : Holotype deposited in the Université de Lyon
under the number FSL No. 260 540 (David and Pouyet,
1974).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 25 specimens were studied,
very widely distributed, occurs almost in all studied sections.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony encrusting, autozooecia rectangular to oval with a pair of large distolateral tubercles
situated on a wide mural rim. Narrow cryptocyst and imperforate gymnocyst. Basal pore-chambers large. Kenozooecia
rare, with smooth frontal walls. No ovicell identified, neither in studied specimens nor in the original illustration and
description.
R e m a r k s : The species belongs to the primitive
malacostegans (Taylor, 1987). The characteristic features
are a pair of distolateral spine bases (tubercles) and the rec42
tangular shape of the autozooecia at least on the distal margin. No kenozooecia have been previously reported to occur
in this species.
Membranipora is very slightly calcified, so unable to
fossilize. Another proposed genus Aplousina does not
develop any tubercles, spines, nor avicularia; the mural rim
is also very narrow (Canu and Bassler, 1927). Gordon
(1986) however includes in this genus one species (A. anxiosa), which shows very similar features to ?Eokotosokum
bobiesi (DAVID et POUYET, 1974) – tubercles and large basal
pore chambers. Aplousina anxiosa GORDON, 1986 differs
from ?Eokotosokum bobiesi (DAVID et POUYET, 1974) however in having a very narrow mural rim, moreover the position of tubercles is more chaotic.
Berning (2006) suggested to list this species with Crassimarginatella, which however has to possess vicarious
avicularia. Moreover, his specimens also exhibit spine
bases around the opesia as well as an ovicell – in total this
does not correspond to the original description and illustration as given by David and Pouyet (1974). Therefore it
remains uncertain, whether Berning’s specimens also belong to this species.
Taylor and Cuffey (1992) introduced Eokotosokum to
accommodate primitive malacostegans with a pair of tubercles (spine basis?), wide mural rim and without ovicells which perfectly corresponds to the features of our species.
Because the type specimen of Membranipora bobiesi
DAVID et POUYET, 1974 is not available at the Université de
Lyon, the generic attribution of this species remains uncertain.
Genus Copidozoum HARMER, 1926
Colony unilaminar or encrusting. Autozooecia with reduced gymnocyst, cryptocyst lacking. Spines may be present. Avicularia interzooecial, small, rare. Ovicell hyperstomial. Pore chambers large, always in pairs situated at the
distal margin of autozooecia.
Copidozoum natalae sp. n.
Pl. 45, Fig. 1-4
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia rectangular. Gymnocyst
much reduced, narrow. Cryptocyst narrow, deeply sunken,
smooth. Mural rim wide, smooth or slightly granular.
Spines lacking. Avicularia rare, small, situated irregularly
between autozooecial opesia, or on the gymnocyst. Pore
chambers paired, large, well-developed. Ovicells large, no
frontal wall preserved.
H o l o t y p e : The specimen illustrated in Pl. 45, Fig.
1, from the section Kralice nad Oslavou, deposited in the
National Museum Prague PM2 – P 01499.
P a r a t y p e s : 2 specimens from the section Kralice
nad Oslavou deposited in the National Museum Prague
PM2 – P 01500 and P 01501.
A d d i t i o n a l m a t e r i a l : One specimen from
section Židlochovice (specimen P 01502)
D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : Dedicated to Natalia
Hudáčková from the University of Bratislava who works on
Miocene sediments from the Slovak part of the Vienna
Basin and also supports my field work.
L o c u s t y p i c u s : section Kralice nad Oslavou.
S t r a t u m t y p i c u m : Langhian – Lower Badenian.
M e a s u r e m e n t s : (in micrometers = µm; x = average):
length of autozooecia: 541 – 587; x = 566
width of autozooecia: 420 – 491; x = 471
length of opesium: 401 – 454; x = 420
width of opesium: 204 – 283; x = 256
length of avicularium: 110 – 147; x = 137
width of avicularium: 55 – 73; x = 67
length of ovicell: 246 – 267; x = 257
width of ovicell: 231 – 254; x = 242
D e s c r i p t i o n : Colony encrusting. Autozooecia
oval, rectangular to hexagonal, sometimes square shaped,
arranged in almost regular longitudinal rows. Gymnocyst
very narrow, or not developed at all. Cryptocyst deeply sunken, narrow and smooth. Mural rim wide, smooth or slightly granular. No spines observed. Avicularia rare, small, situated irregularly between autozooecial opesia, or on gymnocyst, tapering laterally oblique distally. Pore chambers
paired, large, well-developed. Ovicell large, globular, no
frontal wall preserved.
R e m a r k : Most similar in respect to shape and
arrangement of autozooecia is Membranipora nobilis
REUSS 1847. Its lectotype was established by David and
Pouyet (1974, p. 98, Pl. 2, Fig. 6) and deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1859. 50.
794. There are no avicularia or ovicells in this specimen and
the pore chambers are less pronounced than in the described
material. Moreover, small tubercles are present on the
mural rim of this type; therefore this species clearly does
not belong to Copidozoum natalae sp. n.
The proposed genus Copidozoum, as described for
example by Hayward and Ryland (1998), shows all the
same features as in the studied material: reduced gymnocyst, large opesia, and smaller interzooecial avicularia and
a hyperstomial ovicell with membranous ectoecium. The
uncalcified ectoecium may also be the reason why it is not
preserved on studied specimens.
Very similar is also Copidozoum tenuirostre (HINCKS,
1880), but it differs in having much larger avicularia (180 to
400 µm) and an ovicell with a calcified, perforated frontal
wall (see the description of this species as given by Moissette, 1988, p. 82, Pl. 13, Fig. 11)
Another similar genus: Craspedopora as understood by
Taylor and McKinney (2006) accommodates Calloporide
species which developed only small avicularia, a reduced
gymnocyst and no ovicells. A well-developed pair of pore
chambers is almost identical with the studied material, but
the presence of an ovicell discriminates this genus.
O c c u r r e n c e : Kralice nad Oslavou, Kroužek and
Židlochovice
Suborder Flustrina SMITT, 1868
Superfamily Calloporoidea NORMAN, 1903
Family Calloporidae NORMAN, 1903
Genus Amphiblestrum GRAY, 1847
Colony encrusting. Cryptocyst moderately developed,
gymnocyst absent or very small. Oral spines absent or a few
small ones. Adventitious avicularia present, usually situated
on gymnocyst. Ovicell prominent.
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 46, Fig. 1-4
v. 1847 Cellepora appendiculata m. – Reuss p. 96, Pl. 11, fig.22
v. 1864 Membraniporella appendiculata var. apora m. – Reuss
p. 631, Pl. 9, Fig. 4
v. 1874 Membraniporella appendiculata REUSS – Reuss p. 181,
Pl. 9, Fig. 13 –16
1977
Ramphonotus appendiculata (REUSS) – Vávra p. 84 (cum
syn.)
v. 2003 Amphiblestrum appendiculatum (REUSS) – Zágoršek
p. 130, Pl. 10, Fig. 5, 6 (cum syn.)
2006
Amphiblestrum appendiculata (REUSS) – Berning p. 19,
Fig. 7, 9 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Lectotype deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1847.38.83. (David and
Pouyet, 1974)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 6 specimens were studied
from different sections in the Vienna Basin and also from
the Carpathian Foredeep.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia oval to triangular, with a
short cryptocyst, sometimes very reduced (Pl. 46, Fig. 1). A
shallow, narrow furrow separates neighbouring autozooecia. Gymnocyst rarely developed, usually absent . Mural
rim narrow and smooth, with rarely one or two pairs of
small oral spines situated on the distal margin (Pl. 46, Fig.
4). Avicularia small, tube-like, with a circular orifice, situated usually on the gymnocyst (Pl. 46, Fig. 2). Ovicells
prominent, small with a nonporous frontal wall and sometimes with a small keel on the proximal margin. The ovicells have a prominent median keel proximally rising to
form a small umbo. The ovicell aperture is a slit-like, opening the entire proximal margin of the ovicell. Ovicelled
autozooecia usually with paired avicularia.
R e m a r k s : The type developed only one adventitious, tubular avicularium per autozooecium and no ovicells. The described specimens are almost identical with the
syntypes of Cellepora appendiculata REUSS 1847 deposited
in the Museum of Natural History in Vienna. The syntypes,
however, usually show regular rows of autozooecia and
have only rare avicularia. Nevertheless, Reuss (1874)
described Membraniporella appendiculata with pairs of
avicularia situated proximally to the opesia. This specimen
may be synonymized with Amphiblestrum appendiculata
(REUSS, 1847).
The studied specimen has many ovicelled autozooecia,
which sometimes have paired adventitious avicularia and a
small keel on the proximal margin. Ovicells have not been
reported from Miocene material up to now, only a few
Eocene specimens developed ovicells, which have a similar
keel (Zágoršek, 2001).
The shape of the opesium in Amphiblestrum is similar to
the number “8”, with prominent condyles in the middle and
a wider proximal part than distal part. This difference however may be regarded as a feature characteristic of this
species. The presence of oral spines, adventitious avicular43
ia on the gymnocyst and a prominent ovicell are characteristic for this genus as understood by Gordon (1984).
A very similar genus is Antropora as described by Tilbrook et al. (2001); it has the same shaped opesium and also
almost identical adventitious avicularia. It differs mainly in
having an endozooecial ovicell and vicarious avicularia,
and in lacking oral spines. The ovicell may look like a cap
at the distal margin of the autozooecia. This ‘cap’ looks like
an ovicell on studied species, but is much smaller and has
no frontal wall. Moreover, Antropora often has vicarious
avicularia which were never found in this species and by the
lack of oral spines, which are described in this species.
These differences are more important than the shape of the
opesia and therefore I believe that this species belongs to
Amphiblestrum.
Genus Pyriporella CANU, 1911
Colony encrusting. Autozooecia oval with a short gymnocyst. Opesia oval, not surrounded by oral spines. Numerous small adventitious avicularia overgrowing the gymnocyst. Ovicell small, immersed and with a smooth frontal
wall.
Pyriporella cf. loxopora (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 47, Fig. 1-4
?v. 1847 Cellepora loxopora m. – Reuss p. 97, Pl. 11, Fig. 24
?v. 1874 Membranipora loxopora (REUSS) – Reuss p.179, Pl. 9,
Fig. 4-5
?1974 Hincksina loxopora (REUSS, 1847) – David and Pouyet
p. 102, Pl. 3, Fig. 1
?1977 Hincksina loxopora (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 79 (cum
syn.)
v. 2009 Pyriporella loxopora (REUSS, 1847) – Zágoršek et al.
p. 479, Pl. 10A-C (cum syn.)
T y p e : The holotype (or lectotype) probably does not
exist, they have not been found among the Reuss collection
in the Natural History Museum Vienna. David and Pouyet
(1974) selected a ‘Neolectotype’ from Baden, which is
deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the
number 1878.11.99 (David and Pouyet 1974, p. 102, Pl. 3,
Fig. 1). This specimen can not be regarded as a valid lectotype however: Reuss (1847) mentioned this species from
Eisenstadt and Satschan (= Žatčany) only; his pictured
specimen was from Satschan – this should therefore be the
type locality. Baden has been given erroneously as type
locality also by Vávra (1977).
M a t e r i a l : Specimen 1878.11.98 (described by
REUSS, 1874) and altogether 12 specimens were studied,
mainly from the locality Kralice nad Oslavou
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia grow chaotically, rarely
in almost regular rows. Gymnocyst very short, not clearly
observable, cryptocyst absent (Pl. 47, Fig. 4). Adventitious
avicularia situated between 3 to 5 autozooecia, small, oval
with pivotal bar. Ovicell unknown.
R e m a r k s : Hincksina as described by Hayward and
Ryland (1998) has many spines surrounding its opesium,
and an endozooecial ovicell. Pyriporella as revised by Taylor and McKinney (2006) shows the same development of
44
avicularia and has opesia without any spines. The spines are
not clearly observable in the studied specimens, so the
species more probably belongs to the genus Pyriporella.
The type material differs from studied specimens with
respect to the growth pattern of autozooecia. The autozooecia in the type material are arranged more or less in regular
longitudinal rows, not as chaotically as in the studied specimens. However, the specimens described by Vávra (1977)
also grow in irregular rows and David and Pouyet (1974)
indicated in their description an irregular arrangement of
autozooecia.
The avicularia of the type material and of specimen
1878.11.98 are larger and more tapering distally than in the
studied material, but it may be caused by preservation. Better preserved specimens allowing a more detailed study are
needed to decide if the studied specimens really belong to
this species or not.
Genus Flustrellaria D’ORBIGNY, 1853
Colony encrusting, frontal wall membranous (calloporid) with oral spines surrounding the opesia. Avicularia
vicarious or interzooecial. Ovicell present.
R e m a r k s : According to a revision (Gordon and
Taylor, 1999) this genus is known from the Cretaceous to
Eocene, Miocene occurrences are known only from
Moravia.
Flustrellaria fenestrata (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 48, Fig. 1-6
v. 1847 Cellepora fenestrata m. – Reuss p. 97, Pl. 11, Fig. 23
1974
Callopora fenestrata (REUSS, 1847) – David and Pouyet
p. 105, Pl. 1, Fig. 5, 7 (cum syn.)
1977
Callopora fenestrata (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 81 (cum
syn.)
2006
Hincksina sp. – Berning p. 31, Fig. 25, 26
T y p e : Lectotype from Eisenstadt (established by David and Pouyet, 1974) is deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1867.40.260.
M a t e r i a l : A very common species in sections of the
Carpathian Foredeep, 22 specimens were studied in detail.
D i a g n o s i s : Elongated autozooecia with numerous spine bases around opesia (Pl. 48, Fig. 4) with a short
gymnocyst. Mural rim usually narrow, but occasionally also
very wide (Pl. 48, Fig. 5). Avicularia large up to one third of
the length of autozooecia, situated between autozooecia,
tapering distally (orientated longitudinally – Pl. 48, Fig. 6)
or oblique laterally (Pl. 48, Fig. 3). Ovicell with calcified
frontal wall, deeply immersed into distal autozooecium.
R e m a r k s : The type specimen has the same size
and shape of avicularia and differs from described specimens only in having slightly shorter autozooecia.
Callopora GRAY, 1847 as understood by Hayward and
Ryland 1998 has small avicularia situated on the gymnocyst
always in the same position. A rather similar genus is Flustrellaria D’ORBIGNY, 1853 as revised by Gordon and Taylor
(1999) in that it has vicarious avicularia in different positions. Another similar genus is Marginaria RÖMER, 1840,
which does not develop oral spines but has numerous small
avicularia scattered between autozooecia (revised by Taylor
and McKinney, 2006).
Berning (2006) described Hincksina sp., which shows
identical features to Flustrellaria fenestrata (REUSS, 1847),
but it differs in growing in more regular longitudinal rows.
He also synonymised his specimens with Cellepora fenestrata REUSS, 1847
Flustrellaria sp.
Pl. 49, Fig. 1
M a t e r i a l : one specimen
D i a g n o s i s : Rectangular elongated autozooecia
with clearly visible gymnocyst. Avicularia very large
(almost the size of autozooecia), rare. Ovicell not visible.
R e m a r k s : The specimen shows characters very
similar to Membranipora diadema (REUSS, 1847) as
described by David and Pouyet, 1974 (p. 97, pl. 2, Fig. 5).
The Reuss specimens do not exhibit avicularia, a fact which
may be explained however by the very rare development of
avicularia in this species. Due to the lack of material, a
more precise determination is not possible.
Wilbertopora CHEETHAM, 1954 (as understood among
others by Taylor and McKinney, 2006) is also a very similar genus in having vicarious avicularia, it differs however
with respect to the lack of oral spines surrounding the opesia; they are clearly visible on our studied specimen .
Undeterminable Calloporid
Pl. 49, Fig. 2-3
?v. 1847 Membranipora nobilis m. – Reuss p. 98, Pl. 11, Fig. 26
?v. 1864 Membranipora subtilimargo m. – Reuss p. 630, Pl. 9,
Fig. 5
?1974 Alderina subtilimargo (REUSS) – David and Pouyet p.
106, Pl. 2, Fig. 4 (cum syn.)
?1974 Membranipora nobilis REUSS – David and Pouyet p. 98,
Pl. 2, Fig. 6
?1977 Alderina subtilimargo (REUSS) – Vávra p. 82 (cum. syn.)
?v. 1977 Membranipora nobilis REUSS – Vávra p. 75 (cum syn.)
T y p e s : The holotype of Membranipora subtilimargo
REUSS, 1864 was identified by David and Pouyet (1974)
and is deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna
under the number 1852.1.1133. A neotype for Membranipora nobilis REUSS, 1847 (established by David and Pouyet,
1974) is kept in the same museum under the number
1859.50.794. This neotype can not be accepted as a valid
type however: Reuss described this species in 1847 from
Satschan (= Žatčany) only – therefore this locality must
remain the type locality.
M a t e r i a l : Very common species in sections from
the Carpathian Foredeep, more than 40 specimens were
studied in detail.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia oval, arranged mostly
chaotically, sometimes in rows (Pl. 49, Fig. 2). Opesia large, subcircular, with a smooth mural rim; there may be
slightly protruding tubercles on the distal margin. (Pl. 49,
Fig. 3). Gymnocyst is very short, smooth. No ovicells, avicularia or kenozooecia observed.
R e m a r k s : The holotype of Membranipora subtilimargo REUSS, 1864 shows autozooecia with a regular
hexagonal shape and a narrower mural rim than the studied
specimens, but it also developed slightly protruding tubercles. The ’neotype’ of Membranipora nobilis REUSS, 1847
is very similar to the studied specimens with respect to the
less rectangular shape of the autozooecia, but did not form
tubercles on its mural rim. Thus both types do not show
enough features to clearly identify them and the differences
between them remains indistinct.
All studied material and also both species used for comparison do not develop any avicularia, ovicells, spines;
therefore – mainly due to the lack of any observable characters – it is impossible to determinate this species unequivocally . However, such colonies (without any characteristic
features) are traditionally called “Alderina subtilimargo”.
Family Cupuladriidae LAGAAIJ, 1952
Genus Cupuladria CANU et BASSLER, 1919
Colony free. Autozooecia with asymmetrical vibracularia, vicarious vibracularia may be formed. Cryptocyst simple,
no spinules developed. Dorsal side of the colony porous.
Cupuladria baluki sp.n.
Pl. 50, Fig. 1-7
Cupuladria canariensis (BUSK, 1859) – Vávra p. 77
(cum syn.)
1984a
Cupuladria vindobonensis sp.n. – Bałuk and Radwanski p. 22, Pl. 2,3 and Pl. 9, Fig. 1-2
non. 1994 Cupuladria canariensis (BUSK, 1859) – Cook and Chimonides p. 259, Figs 3, 7, 13 (cum syn.)
v. 1977
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia rhomboidal, arranged in
longitudinal rows. Cryptocyst granular, simple, no spinules.
Vibracularia oval, triagonal, turned alternatively to left or
right from direction of growth. Dorsal side of the colony
perforated by very large pores, arranged in more or less
radial rows.
H o l o t y p e : The specimen illustrated in Pl. 50,
Fig. 1, from the locality Drnovice, deposited in the National Museum Prague PM2 – P 01533.
P a r a t y p e s : 4 specimens from the locality Drnovice and borehole Vranovice VK-1, deposited in the National Museum Prague PM2 – P 01534 to P 01537.
A d d i t i o n a l m a t e r i a l : 4 more specimens from
Drnovice, Vranová Lhota and borehole Vranovice VK-1.
D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : Dedicated to Dr. Bałuk,
who first discovered that the Miocene material belongs to a
new species.
L o c u s t y p i c u s : Drnovice.
S t r a t u m t y p i c u m : Langhian – lower Badenian.
M e a s u r e m e n t s : (in micro meters = µm; x =
= average):
length of autozooecia: 346 – 534; x = 462
width of autozooecia: 262 – 499; x = 363
length of opesium: 243 – 357; x = 293
width of opesium: 146 – 224; x = 179
45
length of vibraculum: 178 – 264; x = 216
width of vibraculum: 106 – 179; x = 147
diameters of dorsal pores: 55 – 66; x = 62
D e s c r i p t i o n : Only fragments of the colonies are
preserved. Autozooecia rhomboidal, arranged in longitudinal rows. Cryptocyst granular, simple, no spinules. Asymmetrical vibracularia oval, turned alternatively to left or
right with respect to the direction of growth. No vicarious
vibracularia present. Autozooecia not covered by calcareous lamina. Dorsal side of the colony perforated by very
large pores in radial rows. Pore chambers present, larger on
the margin of the autozooecia, smaller on the dorsal side of
autozooecia.
R e m a r k : This is the species from the Miocene of the
Vienna Basin, as described by Bałuk and Radwanski (1984a).
They used the name Cupuladria vindobonensis, and choose
as a type the specimen described and figured by Busk (1859)
from the Pliocene of England, which is apparently lost
(Bishop and Hayward, 1989). Moreover they include Cupuladria cavernosa CADÉE, 1979 into synonymy, which makes
Cupuladria vindobonensis a junior synonym of Cupuladria
cavernosa CADÉE, 1979 (Cook and Chimonides, 1994).
Lagaaij (1952) described in detail Cupuladria canariensis (BUSK, 1859) from the Coralline Crag. All these specimens were recently referred to Cupuladria canariensis cavernosa CADÉE, 1979 (Bishop and Hayward, 1989) and are
not conspecific with Cupuladria vindobonensis BAŁUK et
RADWANSKI, 1984a. For detailed discussions see also Cook
and Chimonides (1994). Thus the whole Cupuladria canariensis-complex (as understood also by Cook and Chimonides, 1994) from the Pliocene may be referred to Cupuladria cavernosa CADÉE, 1979 and all the Miocene specimens may belong to the Cupuladria baluki sp.n.
Cupuladria canariensis (BUSK, 1859) as described for
example by Cook and Chimonides (1994) shows narrower
autozooecia and larger pores on its dorsal side than Cupuladria baluki sp.n.
Due to the free-living growth form and its general
appearance this species belongs to Cupuladria.
O c c u r r e n c e : In Moravia it occurs only at the
localities Drnovice and Vranovice VK-1, but according to
Bałuk and Radwanski (1984a) it is widely distributed in
Poland.
Genus Reussirella BAŁUK et RADWANSKI 1984a
Colony free. Autozooecia with vestibular arch and
asymmetrical avicularia, no vicarious avicularia formed.
Cryptocyst with spinules. Central region of autozooecia
closed by lamina. Dorsal side of the colony formed by radial ridges (radial calcification of cuticular sector boundaries
according to Cook and Chimonides, 1994)
Reussirella haidingeri (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 51, Fig. 1-5
v. 1847 Lunulites haidingeri m. – Reuss p. 58, Pl. 7, Fig. 26-27
v. 1977 Cupuladria haidingeri (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 78 (cum
syn.)
46
1984a
1994
Reussirella haidingeri (REUSS, 1847) – Bałuk and Radwanski p. 25, Pl. 4-6 and 10 (cum syn.)
Reussirella haidingeri (REUSS, 1847) – Cook and Chimonides p. 258
T y p e : Lectotypes deposited in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1867.40.315 (Vávra,
1977).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 11 fragments of such colonies from different localities were studied. No complete
colony was found.
D i a g n o s i s : Only fragments of colonies found.
Autozooecia rhomboidal, arranged in longitudinal rows.
Cryptocyst granular with spinules. Asymmetrical vibracularia oval, triangular, turning alternatively to left or right
with respect to the direction of growth. Autozooecia covered
by calcareous lamina, which occur only in the central part of
the colony, lamina perforated by 8 to 10 pores arranged in
two rows. Dorsal side of the colony nonporous, granular
with clearly visible longitudinal rows of autozooecia.
R e m a r k s : Autozooecia covered by calcareous lamina perforated by pores in two rows: this is very similar to
the morphology of the autozooecia of Discoporella D’ORBIGNY, 1852. Also the development of the dorsal side is
almost identical with the situation in Discoporella (illustrated by Herrera-Cubilla et. al. 2008), thus these genera may
be very closely related. The main difference remains however that autozooecial calcareous lamina in Reussirella are
developed rather late in its ontogeny, while in Discoporella
they occur also in the early stages of ontogeny.
According to Cook and Chimonides (1994), this is
a tropical species, which lived in water not below 14°C.
Therefore the presence of this species may be used as an
indicator of tropical waters in the Carpathian Foredeep during the Langhian.
Superfamily Buguloidea GRAY, 1847
Family Candidae D’ORBIGNY, 1851
Genus Scrupocellaria VAN BENEDEN, 1845
Colonies erect flexible, unilaminar. Autozooecia in two
alternating rows, facing to one side. Opesia large, gymnocyst well-developed. Spines and scuta may be present.
Distal marginal avicularia always present, frontal avicularia may be present . Ovicell immersed into the distal part of
the autozooecium. Dorsal side of the colony with vibracularia chambers.
Scrupocellaria elliptica (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 52, Fig. 1-6
v.1847
1989
Bactridium ellipticum m. – Reuss p. 56, Pl. 9, Fig. 8
Scrupocellaria elliptica (REUSS, 1847) – Schmid p. 23,
Pl. 5, Fig. 1-7 (cum syn.)
?non2006 Scrupocellaria sp. – Berning p. 32, Fig. 27-29
T y p e : A lectotype from Nussdorf is deposited in the
Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1859.
38.84 (David and Pouyet, 1974)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 13 specimens from different
sections were studied.
D i a g n o s i s : Opesia large occupying almost 2/3 of
autozooecial length. Cryptocyst rarely observable (Pl. 52,
Fig. 5). Gymnocyst short, smooth. No frontal avicularia.
Spines often arranged in 4-5 pairs situated on distal half of
the mural rim. Ovicell deeply immersed with frontal fissure
and a small avicularium situated on the distal corner of the
ovicell. Vibracularia chambers are paired, small and triangular, situated on the margin of the dorsal side. Pore chambers usually in pairs, present on the distal edge of the autozooecia (Pl. 52, Fig. 6).
R e m a r k s : As discussed by Schmid (1989) the
establishment of the type is not clear, because of doubts in
respect to the locus typicus. After studying the type material and discussing this topic with Prof. Vávra, we conclude
however, that Reuss just made a mistake and wrote ‘Neudorf’ instead of ‘Nussdorf’, therefore the type material may
be identified as the specimen kept at the Natural History
Museum Vienna (number 1859.38.84). The name for this
species is very widely used and the general features are
commonly accepted as described here. Material described
by Berning (2006) shows frontal avicularia, but all other
characteristic features are identical. A revision of the genus
Scrupocellaria from the Miocene is needed to resolve taxonomic problems; therefore it is not certain , if the specimens
described by Berning (2006) also belong to Scrupocellaria
elliptica (REUSS, 1847) or not.
Superfamily Microporoidea GRAY, 1847
Family Microporidae GRAY, 1847
Genus Micropora GRAY, 1847
Colony encrusting. Autozooecia with a prominent mural
rim surrounding a well-developed cryptocyst occupying
almost the whole frontal area. Opesia semilunar with a
straight proximal margin and with two opesiules situated
proximo-laterally. Oral spines rare, mostly absent. Ovicell
immersed, with smooth frontal wall. Avicularia adventitious, interzooecial, or absent.
Micropora papyracea (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 53, Fig. 1-4
v. 1847 Cellepora papyracea m. – Reuss p. 94, Pl. 11, Fig. 15
v. 1977 Micropora papyracea (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 88 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Lectotype from Eisenstadt deposited in the
Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1867.
40. 76 (or 1867.40.176 – not clear etiquette) (David and
Pouyet, 1974).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 5 specimens from different
sections in the Carpathian Foredeep were studied.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia hexagonal, opesiules
large, oval to circular, situated proximally from the opesia.
Cryptocyst perforated, rarely granular. No oral spines, avicularia, or ovicell observed.
R e m a r k s : The position of the opesiules is more
proximal, than in the Micropora parvicella CANU et LECOINTRE, 1927 and the shape of the autozooecia is more
hexagonal.
Micropora parvicella CANU et LECOINTRE, 1927
Pl.54, Fig. 1-5
1927
Micropora parvicella. – Canu and Lecointre p. 34, Pl. 5,
Fig. 6-8.
v. 1977 Micropora parvicella CANU et LECOINTRE, 1927 – Vávra
p. 89 (cum syn.)
1989
Micropora parvicella CANU et LECOINTRE, 1927 – Schmid p. 16, Pl. 2, Fig. 1-3 (cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 13 specimens from different
sections were studied.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia oval, slightly elongated,
opesiules small, slit-like, situated very close to the proximolateral margin of the opesia. No oral spines or avicularia
observed. Ovicell globular, immersed into the distal part of
the autozooecium, with smooth frontal wall.
Genus Calpensia JULLIEN, 1888
Colony encrusting. Cryptocyst well-developed, porous,
surrounded by a mural rim and perforated by two opesiules.
Orifice semilunar without spines. Avicularia and ovicells
unknown.
Calpensia gracilis (MÜNSTER, 1826)
Pl. 55, Fig. 1-4
v. 1847
Membranipora gracilis MÜNSTER – Reuss p. 93,
Pl. 11, Fig. 12
1974
Calpensia gracilis (MÜNSTER) – David and Pouyet p. 121, Pl. 3, Fig. 7
v. 1977 Calpensia gracilis (MÜNSTER) – Vávra p. 92
?non v. 1989 Calpensia gracilis (MÜNSTER) – Schmid p.17,
Pl. 2, Fig. 4-7
v. 2003 Calpensia gracilis (MÜNSTER) – Zágoršek p. 135,
Pl. 13, Fig. 1 (cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : A very common species, 20 specimens
from different sections were studied in detail. Additional
specimens from the REUSS collection are stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number 1878.11.
107 (section Podivín).
D i a g n o s i s : Encrusting colony with 6 to 8 autozooecial rows. The rows may be regular (Pl. 55, Fig. 1) or
irregular, curved (Pl. 55, Fig. 2 and 3). The autozooecia are
elongate rectangular, the cryptocyst is flat, the lateral walls
are thin, slightly prominent, and smooth. Opesium is semilunar to oval, large with an almost straight proximal margin.
One pair of small opesiules is situated close to the opesia.
R e m a r k s : Schmid’s specimens (1989) developed
opesiules approximately in the middle of the cryptocyst,
usually they are situated very close to the opesium however (David and Pouyet, 1974 or Zágoršek, 2003). We are
unable to decide, whether Schmid’s (1989) specimens
belong to this species or not.
Calpensia sp. (cf. C. calpensis BUSK, 1854)
Pl. 56, Fig. 1-4
?1992
Calpensia calpensis BUSK – El Hajjaji p. 123, Pl. 5,
Fig. 13
47
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 4 specimens were studied
from the section sv. Urban.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony bilaminar, very narrow and
flat. Autozooecia usually rectangular, with large pores on
the cryptocyst. Opesiules large and situated almost in the
middle of the cryptocyst.
R e m a r k s : Calpensia sp. differs from the common
Calpensia gracilis MÜNSTER, 1826 in having larger opesiules situated at almost mid length of the autozooecium.
Due to these features it is very similar to C. calpensis BUSK,
1854, but preservation did not allow any precise determination at species level.
T y p e : Holotype PM2 – P 01246 deposited in the
National Museum Prague (Zágoršek et al., 2007a).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 11 specimens were studied,
all from the section Sedlec.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony erect with longitudinal, parallel autozooecial rows and elongate, oval or circular cross
section. Autozooecia elongate with porous cryptocyst and
smooth lateral walls. Opesia semilunar with a rounded proximal margin. Opesiules circular, large, close to the opesia.
R e m a r k : New specimens found at Sedlec do not
show any different features when compared with the type
material. For detailed discussion concerning this species see
Zágoršek et al. (2007a)
Calpensia rebeshovensis sp. n.
Pl. 57, Fig. 1-3
D i a g n o s i s : Colony flat. Autozooecia rectangular
to oval. Cryptocyst granular, perforated. Opesiules small
and centrally situated. Lateral walls granulated. A pair of
prominent tubercles is developed on the proximal margin of
each autozooecium, directly on the mural rim between distal and lateral walls.
H o l o t y p e : The specimen illustrated in Pl. 57,
Fig. 1 and 2, from the locality Rebešovice, deposited in the
in the National Museum Prague PM2 – P 01476.
P a r a t y p e s : The specimen illustrated in Pl. 57,
Fig. 3, from the locality Rebešovice, deposited in the National Museum Prague PM2 – P 01477.
D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : Due to the presence in
the section Rebešovice.
L o c u s t y p i c u s : Rebešovice, sample Reb-2A.
S t r a t u m t y p i c u m : Langhian – lower Badenian.
M e a s u r e m e n t : (in micro meters = µm; x = average):
length of autozooecia: 450 – 580; x = 490
width of autozooecia: 293 – 350; x = 313
length of opesium: 63 – 90; x = 75
width of opesium: 93 – 126; x = 111
diameter of tubercles: 68 – 108; x = 87
D e s c r i p t i o n : Colony very flat, erect unilaminar.
Autozooecia usually growing in rows, rectangular to oval.
Cryptocyst granular, perforated by small pores. Opesia
semilunar. Opesiules small and situated almost at mid
length of the autozooecia. Lateral walls slightly granulated,
thick. Tubercles always in pairs, prominent, situated on the
proximal margin of each autozooecium, directly on the corners of the lateral wall on the distal margin of the autozooecia.
C o m p a r i s o n : None of the known species belonging to Calpensia show paired tubercles on the proximal
margin.
R e m a r k : Due to the encrusting growth form and
general morphology, this species obviously belongs to Calpensia.
O c c u r r e n c e : Only at the locality Rebešovice.
Genus Mollia LAMOUROUX, 1821
Colony encrusting. Autozooecia easily detachable, connected by means of short tubes; no avicularia, nor spines.
Gymnocyst absent. Cryptocyst well developed, granular or
porous. Opesia with rounded corners for parietal muscles.
Ovicell globular, prominent or immersed.
Mollia cf. patellaria (MOLL, 1803)
Pl. 59, Fig. 1-4
?1988
Mollia patellaria (MOLL) – Zabala and Maluquer p. 92,
Fig. 129
v. 1989 Mollia patellaria (MOLL) – Schmid p. 18, Pl. 3, Fig. 1-7
(cum syn.)
v. 2003 Mollia patellaria (MOLL) – Zágoršek p. 134, Pl. 12,
Fig. 6 (cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 3 specimens were studied in
detail.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia oval, cryptocyst extended
and granular, occupying almost the whole frontal area.
Mural rim clearly visible in the distal part of autozooecia,
proximally almost absent. Opesia circular with rounded
corners for parietal muscles. Ovicell subglobular, large,
partly immersed in the distal part of the autozooecium.
R e m a r k s : Recent specimens (as described by
Zabala and Maluquer, 1988) have 6 to 8 long connecting
tubes, which are however usually very short in fossil specimens. Therefore, the fossil specimens may perhaps represent a different species, but a detailed revision of the genus
would be needed to solve this problem.
Genus Steraechmella LAGAAIJ, 1952
Colony encrusting. Autozooecia without gymnocyst,
cryptocyst very extensive. Opesia elliptical. Ovicells partly
immersed. No spines or avicularia.
Steraechmella buski LAGAAIJ, 1952
Calpensia sedleci ZÁGORŠEK, VÁVRA et HOLCOVÁ 2007a
Pl. 58, Fig. 1-4
v. 2007a Calpensia sedleci sp.n. – Zágoršek et al. p. 210, Fig. 6a-c
48
Pl. 60, Fig. 1-3
v. 1977 Steraechmella buski LAGAAIJ, 1952 – Vávra p. 90 (cum
syn.)
1998
Steraechmella buski LAGAAIJ, 1952 – Hayward and
Ryland p. 296, Fig. 99A, 102
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 3 specimens were studied,
one with preserved ancestrula.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony small. Autozooecia trapezoidal, separated by grooves. Opesia triangular, proximal
edge convex with well pronounced proximolateral corners
for parietal muscles. Cryptocyst convex, distinctly granular.
No ovicells observed. Ancestrula same size as autozooecium, no frontal wall preserved.
R e m a r k s : The triangular shape of the opesia, the
absence of a gymnocyst, the oral spines and the avicularia
clearly permit identification of this species even though no
ovicells have been observed. This species was originally
described from the Pliocene and it is often also reported
from recent seas , the similarity among them is so striking,
that is seems highly probable, that it may also be found in
the Miocene (Vávra, 1977).
Family Lunulitidae LAGAAIJ, 1952
Genus Lunulites LAMARCK, 1816
Colony free, discoidal. Autozooecia with large cryptocyst, and very short gymnocyst. Opesia with well-defined
condyles. Vibracularia in rows, avicularia vicarious. No
ovicell known. Dorsal side with large pores.
Lunulites androsaces MANZONI, 1877
Pl. 61, Fig. 1-3
v. 1966 Lunulites conica DEFRANCE – Ghiurca and Dusa p. 1064,
Fig. 12-13
v. 1977 Lunulites androsaces MICHELOTTI, 1838 – Vávra p. 92
(cum syn.)
1984b Lunulites androsaces MANZONI, 1877 – Bałuk and Radwanski p. 247, Pl. 7, Fig. 1-4
1992
Lunulites androsaces MICHELOTTI, 1838 – El Hajjaji
p. 114, Pl.- 5, Fig. 7-8 (cum syn.)
T y p e : As recognized already by Bałuk and Radwanski (1984b), the type material in not available due to the
absence of any information about its storage; the material
was not found in the Manzoni collection in NHM Vienna.
M a t e r i a l : Only one specimen from the section
Rousínov pumpa has been found.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia rectangular growing in
regular rows with very well-defined condyles and circular
opesia. Cryptocyst granular. Vibracularia in rows situated
between autozooecial rows with condyles. One large, elongate avicularium situated at the margin of the colony.
R e m a r k s : Lunulites conica DEFRANCE as illustrated
by Ghiurca and Dusa (1966) shows all the characteristic
features of our species. However they did not provide any
description and the illustration is not sufficient for an exact
determination.
The species has often been regarded as established by
Michelotti (1838), but Bałuk and Radwanski (1984b)
showed that Manzoni’s specimens (1877) are the types and
that he is also the author of the species’ name.
Family Onychocellidae JULLIEN, 1882
Genus Onychocella JULLIEN, 1882
Colony erect or encrusting. Autozooecia lacking any
gymnocyst, but having a well-developed cryptocyst. A mural rim is present. Orifice with typically enlarged proximolateral corners for parietal muscles. Avicularia vicarious,
asymmetrical, typically curved on one side. No ovicell.
Onychocella angulosa (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 62, Fig. 1-6
v. 1847 Cellepora angulosa m. – Reuss p. 93, Pl. 11, Fig. 10
1977
Onychocella angulosa (REUSS, 1847) – Vávra p. 86
(cum syn.)
1989
Onychocella angulosa (REUSS, 1847) – Schmid p. 13,
Pl. 1, Fig. 4, 5 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Lectotype established by David and Pouyet
(1974), stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna under
the number 1867.40.203.
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 42 specimens were studied
from various sections. It is a very widely distributed taxon.
Three more specimens from the Reuss collection stored in
the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number
1859.45.655 (labelled as Eschara excavata) from the sections Hlohovec and Mikulov were also studied .
D i a g n o s i s : Colony encrusting. Autozooecia hexagonal to oval, slightly longer than wide with large semilunar opesia. Cryptocyst extensive, shallow, flat and
smooth. Mural rim prominent, narrow and smooth. Vicarious avicularia slightly shorter and about half the width of
the autozooecia. Orifice of the avicularium small and oval.
Rostrum very long, tapering distally and usually curved laterally.
Genus Smittipora JULLIEN, 1881
Colony encrusting. Autozooecia with well-developed
cryptocyst and no gymnocyst. Oral spines absent. Orifice
semicircular with straight proximal margin. Avicularia
vicarious with straight palate. Ovicell is endozooecial.
Smittipora platystoma (REUSS,1847)
Pl. 63, Fig. 1-2
v. 1847 Cellepora platystoma m. – Reuss p. 91, Pl. 11, fig. 3
1974
Smittipora platystoma (REUSS,1847) – David and Pouyet
p. 114, Pl. 3, Fig. 5
1977
Smittipora platystoma (REUSS,1847) – Vávra p. 87
T y p e : The holotype from the section Žatčany
(Moravia) is deposited in the Natural History Museum
Vienna under the number 1867.40.190. (David and Pouyet,
1974).
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 3 specimens were studied
from Podbřežice and Rebešovice.
D i a g n o s i s : Encrusting, multilaminar colonies.
Autozooecia in regular rows. Cryptocyst well developed,
occupying almost two third of the autozooecial frontal area.
Orifice semicircular to semi oval with straight proximal
49
margin. Lateral wall well developed. Avicularium oval to
drop-like tapering distally, usually smaller that the autozooecia. Ovicell not observed.
R e m a r k : The species is very similar to Dacryonella
octonaria CANU et BASSLER, 1917 in Canu and Bassler
(1920, Pl. 36, Fig. 9-20). According to Bock (2010) Dacryonella is a junior synonym of Antropora, which has to have
however interzooecial avicularia (Gordon, 1986). The Moravian specimens develop only vicarious avicularia, of the
same type as described by David and Pouyet (1974). Therefore they most probably belong to the genus Smittipora.
Family Steginoporellidae HINCKS, 1884
Genus Steginoporella SMITT, 1873
Colony erect or encrusting. autozooecia often dimorphic
(A and B autozooecia), always with a well-developed,
porous cryptocyst and no gymnocyst. Opesiules may be
present, when absent the orifice has enlarged proximo-lateral corners for parietal muscles. Mural rim developed.
Vicarious avicularia (B-zooecia) occur within the autozooecial rows, they are larger than autozooecia (A-zooecia), and
have extended, concave, smooth distal parts – the palate.
Steginoporella cucullata (REUSS, 1848)
Pl. 64, Fig. 1-5
v. 1847 Cellaria cucullata m. – Reuss p. 60, Pl. 7, Fig. 31
1977
Steginoporella cucullata (REUSS, 1848) – Vávra p. 94
(cum. syn.)
1979
Steginoporella cucullata (REUSS, 1848) – Pouyet and
David p. 774, Fig. 3, Pl. 3, Fig. 10 (cum syn.)
2003
Steginoporella cucullata (REUSS, 1848) – Zágoršek
p. 141 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Lectotypes established by David and Pouyet
(1974) stored in the Natural History Museum Vienna under
the number 1848.38.53.
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 24 specimens were studied
from different sections. Additional specimens from section
Sedlec were available from the Reuss collection stored in
the Natural History Museum Vienna under the number
1859.50.974 .
D i a g n o s i s : Colony erect and bilaminar. Autozooecia elongated, oval to sub-hexagonal, with wide, smooth,
thick and non-granular mural rim, arranged in 4 to 6 regular axial rows. Autozooecial rows separated by a thin furrow. Orifice semilunar with a straight proximal margin,
sometime with an enlarged distal margin. Opesiules large,
paired, situated proximally from the orifice. B-zooecia a little longer and wider than A-zooecia, the palate is small, narrow, but wide and flat. Orifice of B-zooecia have enlarged
proximo-lateral corners, thus it lacks opesiules.
R e m a r k s : The B-zooecia are extremely rare in this
species. David and Pouyet (1974) mentioned that this
species do not developed B-zooecia. Reuss (1847) do not
mentioned any dimorphism in the description of this species
or in Eschara costata REUSS 1847, which is according to
Vávra (1977), a synonym of Steginoporella cucullata. Similarly Manzoni (1877) also did not mention dimorphism in
50
the species Steginoporella binotata (erroneously also
‘binatata’) – a synonym of Steginoporella cucullata (Vávra, 1977). Other authors also did not illustrate and/or
describe the B-zooecia (among others Moissette, 1988;
Berning, 2006), but they may however be present. Pouyet
and David (1979) illustrated B-zooecia, but without
description, (their pl.3, Fig. 10), which are identical with
the studied sample illustrated here on Pl.64, Fig. 3. Characteristic features of this species are thick mural rim, oval
opesia and presence of small opesiules, very close to the
distal margin of the opesia.
Steginoporella tuberculata DAVID et POUYET, 1974
Pl. 65, Fig. 1-4
1974
Steginoporella tuberculata sp.n. – David and Pouyet p.
127, Pl. 4, Fig. 1-4
v. 1977 Steginoporella tuberculata DAVID et POUYET, 1974 –
Vávra p. 96 (cum syn.)
1979
Steginoporella tuberculata DAVID et POUYET, 1974 –
Pouyet and David p. 791, Pl. 4, Fig. 4 (cum syn.)
T y p e : Holotype from Eisenstadt defined by David
and Pouyet (1974) deposited in the collections of the
Départment des sciences de la Terre, Université Claude
Bernard de Lyon under the number FSL 260632.
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 14 specimens were studied,
mainly from the section Rebešovice.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony erect and bilaminar. Autozooecia elongate, oval to sub-hexagonal, with a wide, smooth,
thin mural rim arranged in 4 to 6 regular axial rows. At the
corners of the mural rim many small tubercles are situated.
Autozooecial rows are separated by a thin furrow. Orifice
oval with enlarged proximo lateral corners (no opesiules).
B-zooecia two times longer and little wider than A-zooecia,
the palate is large, wide, and flat. Orifices of B-zooecia
have enlarged proximo-lateral corners.
R e m a r k s : Characteristic features are the mural rim
with its tubercles, the large B-zooecia and the absence of
opesiules.
Family Thalamoporellidae LEVINSEN, 1902
Genus Thalamoporella HINCKS, 1887
Colony encrusting or erect. Autozooecia with an extensive cryptocyst perforated by two opesiules, no gymnocyst,
opesia almost same size as apertures. Avicularia vicarious,
usually larger than autozooecia, without pivotal bar. Ovicell
large.
Thalamoporella neogenica BUGE, 1950
Pl. 66, Fig. 1-5
1950
1988
1996
1997
Thalamoporella neogenica sp.n. – Buge p. 463
Thalamoporella neogenica BUGE – Moissette p. 101, Pl.
15, fig. 2-3 (cum syn.)
Thalamoporella neogenica BUGE – Haddadi-Hamdane p.
69, Pl. 5, Fig. 9 (cum syn.)
Thalamoporella neogenica BUGE – Pouyet p. 43 (cum
syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 3 specimens were studied,
one from the section Sedlec, two from Židlochovice.
D i a g n o s i s : Colony encrusting. Autozooecia rectangular, short (length less than twice the width). Opesiules
situated at mid length of the cryptocyst. Opesia small with
straight proximal margin. Avicularia about twice larger than
autozooecia, sometimes shorter. Rostrum wide, U-shaped.
No ovicell observed.
R e m a r k s : Not yet reported from the Vienna basin.
From the Carpathian Foredeep known only from Olimpow
(Pouyet, 1997).
Family Monoporellidae HINCKS, 1882
Genus Monoporella HINCKS, 1881
Colony encrusting. Cryptocyst granular, perforated, with
median nonporous rib. Opesium with straight proximal
margin. Oral spines present, no avicularia. Ovicell large,
porous.
Monoporella venusta (EICHWALD, 1853)
Pl. 67, Fig. 1-3
v. 1977 Monoporella venusta (EICHWALD, 1853) – Vávra p. 96
(cum syn.)
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 2 specimens were studied from
borehole Vranovice. An additional specimen was studied
from the Reuss collection is stored in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the number 1878.11.66 from a section at Sedlec (listed under the old name Porzteich).
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia regularly hexagonal, with
distinctive grooves. Opesiules very small, same size as the
pores which perforated the cryptocyst and therefore almost
indistinct. Opesia small, semilunar with 5-6 oral spines.
Median rib indistinct. No ovicell known.
R e m a r k s : Although no ovicell is known from this
species, due to the presence of a median rib on the porous
cryptocyst, the attribution to this genus is verified.
Superfamily Cellarioidea FLEMING, 1828
Family Cellariidae FLEMING, 1828
Genus Cellaria ELLIS et SOLANDER, 1786
Colony erect flexible, articulated, with cylindrical segments (internodes). Autozooecia rhomboidal to drop-like,
growing in regular rows around the whole branch. Mural
rim narrow, cryptocyst nonporous and gymnocyst very
short. Orifice semilunar with a raised proximal margin and
condyles. Avicularia generally present, vicarious or interzooidal. Ovicell endotoichal.
Cellaria cf. fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Pl. 68, Fig. 1-7
v. 1989 Cellaria fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) – Schmid p. 20, Pl.
4, Fig. 1-2 (cum. syn.)
?1998
?2002
Cellaria fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) – Hayward
and Ryland p. 306, Fig. 104B, 106B,C and 107
Cellaria fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) – Hayward
and McKinney p. 34, Fig. 15A - E
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 71 specimens were studied
from almost all studied sections. Additionally 3 specimens
from the Reuss collection stored in the Natural History
Museum Vienna under the numbers 1859.50.969 and
1878.11.4 (designated as Salicornaria farciminoides) from
a section at Sedlec (listed unde the old name Porzteich)
were studied.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia elongated rhomboidal to
diamond-shaped, with a narrow smooth mural rim. Cryptocyst concave, large and granulated. Opesia semilunar with
large corners developed for the parietal muscles and two
prominent condyles. Avicularia small, rounded quadrangular, with small opesia always situated distally from the autozooecia. Aperture of ovicell situated very close to the distal
margin of the opesia, with closure, which caused the opening to have a semilunar shape. Due to a broken closure, the
orifice is often preserved as a circular hole.
R e m a r k s : As already discussed in details by
Schmid (1989) the characteristic features of the recent
species Cellaria fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) and those of
Cellaria salicornioides LAMOUROUX, 1816 are not applicable to fossil material. The studied material is very similar to
the recent species with respect to the position of condyles
and ovicells. However without further information about
intraspecific variability, no exact determination of the fossil
material is possible.
Cellaria cf. salicornioides LAMOUROUX, 1816
Pl. 69, Fig. 1-3
v. 1989 Cellaria salicornioides LAMOUROUX, 1816 – Schmid
p. 19, Pl. 4, Fig. 3-6 (cum. syn.)
?1998 Cellaria salicornioides LAMOUROUX, 1816 – Hayward
and Ryland p. 308, Fig. 104A, 105D and 108
?2002 Cellaria salicornioides LAMOUROUX, 1816 – Hayward
and McKinney p. 36, Fig. 15F-K
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 14 specimens were studied
from different sections
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia with elongated to droplike shape, with a wide smooth mural rim. Cryptocyst concave, large and granulated. Opesia semilunar with large corners developed for the parietal muscles and two condyles.
Avicularia vicarious, large, substituting autozooecia, and
show large, circular opesia. Aperture of ovicell originally
circular, situated very close to the distal margin of the opesia.
R e m a r k s : The main feature distinguishing this
species from Cellaria fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) is the
development of a large, vicarious avicularium. However,
avicularia are rare in the fossil record and the most reliable
distinguishing feature then becomes the shape of the autozooecia. Fossil specimens of Cellaria cf. fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) have almost diamond-shaped autozooecia,
while Cellaria cf. salicornioides LAMOUROUX, 1816 (fossil
material) shows drop-like shaped autozooecia.
51
Unassigned Anascan genera
Genus Vibracella WATERS, 1891
Colony free, encrusting or orbicular. Autozooecia with
well-developed cryptocyst and large, triangular opesia with
enlarged proximo-lateral corners. Avicularia adventitious.
Ovicell endozooecial, as large as the autozooecium, with a
calcified porous convex frontal wall.
Vibracella trapezoidea (REUSS, 1847)
Pl. 70, Fig. 1-3
1847
Cellepora trapezoidea m. – Reuss p. 96, Pl. 11, Fig. 21
v. 1977 Vibracella trapezoidea (REUSS) – Vávra p. 91 (cum syn.)
2003
Vibracella trapezoidea (REUSS) – Zágoršek p. 138,
Pl. 14, Fig. 3 (cum syn.)
2009
Vibracella trapezoidea (REUSS) – Zágoršek et al. p. 479,
Fig. 10D, E
T y p e : No types were found in the Reuss type collection in the NHM Vienna, they are probably lost.
M a t e r i a l : Altogether 16 specimens were studied,
mainly from the section Kralice nad Oslavou.
D i a g n o s i s : Autozooecia rhomboidal to oval, separated by narrow grooves. Mural rim prominent, cryptocyst
flat and slightly granular. Opesia large, triangular with typical enlarged proximo-lateral corners for parietal muscles.
Adventitious avicularia elongated without pivotal bar, but
with raised lateral lips. Ovicell frontal wall strongly porous
and convex.
R e m a r k s : The species is known mainly from Early
Tertiary sediments (Eocene to Oligocene – Zágoršek,
2003). Even the locus typicus is an Oligocene locality – Val
di Lonte (Italy), but it also occurs rarely in the Miocene of
the Vienna Basin (Vávra, 1977).
The characteristic features as understood by Vávra (1977)
are triangular opesia, avicularia with lateral lips and a
slightly convex frontal wall of the ovicell. All these features
are visible on the studied material.
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Explanation of the plates
PLATE 1
Annectocyma subdivaricata D’ORBIGNY, 1853
Fig. 1: Colony encrusting Adeonella from the section at
Židlochovice, specimen P 01451.
Fig. 2: Colony encrusting Cellaria showing a lateral adventitious branch budding from the centre. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01450.
Fig. 3: Colony showing a lateral adventitious branch budding directly from the ancestrula. Section Sedlec,
specimen P 01449.
Fig. 4: Detail of Fig. 2 showing a lateral adventitious branch
of the colony. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01450.
Scale bar 100 µm
Voigtopora sp.
Fig. 5: Part of the colony on Umbonula from the section at
Sedlec, specimen P 01912. Scale bar 100 µm
Scale bars 1 mm, unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 2
Oncousoecia biloba (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Colony with visible oeciopore on the proximal margin of the colony. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01708.
Fig. 2: Part of the colony showing a large gonozooecium
perforated by pseudopores; the section at Rebešovice, specimen P 01709.
Fig. 3: Colony showing an oeciopore situated on the middle
of the gonozooecium and jointed to the autozooecial
aperture. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01710.
Fig. 4: Colony with an oeciopore situated on the proximal
margin of the gonozooecium on a short peristome.
Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01711.
Scale bars: 100 µm
PLATE 3
Tubulipora dimidiata (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Colony with fascicles formed by two rows of autrozooecia. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen
P 01893.
Fig. 2: Lobate colony with uniserial to biserial fascicles.
Section Mikulov, specimen P 01894.
Fig. 3-5: Colony with a gonozooecium from the section at
Steinabrunn, specimen P 01895. This specimen is
not from Moravia, but it is included here to illustrate
the size of the gonozooecium and the position of the
oeciopore. The Steinabrunn section is very close to
the Moravian border and Moravian specimens do
not show any gonozooecia.
Fig. 4: Detail of colony from Fig. 3 showing the position of
the oeciopore.
Fig. 5: Detail of colony from Fig. 3 showing size and shape
of the oeciopore.
Scale bars: 100 µm
PLATE 4
Tubulipora flabellaris (FABRICIUS, 1780)
Fig. 1: Colony showing uniserial fascicles from the section
at Oslavany, specimen P 01896.
Fig. 2: Colony which did not develop fascicles; section
Podívín, specimen P 01897
Fig. 3: Colony with uniserial fascicles from section Oslavany, specimen P 01899.
Fig. 4: Colony with uniserial fascicles from section Holubice, specimen P 01898.
Tubulipora foliacea REUSS, 1847
Fig. 5: Colony with an oeciopore situated between two
autozooecial tubes (top left part of colony). Section
Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01900.
Fig. 6: Colony with partly broken frontal wall of the gonozooecium. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen
P 01901.
Scale bars: 100 µm
PLATE 5
Exidmonea atlantica DAVID, MONGEREAU et POUYET, 1972
Fig. 1: The best preserved colony from section Židlochovice, specimen P 01575. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Detail of Fig. 1 showing gonozooecium and a possible oeciopore.
Fig. 3: Frontal view of another colony from section Židlochovice, specimen P 01576. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 4: Detail of Fig. 3 showing the gonozooecium from a
different angle and a possible oeciopore situated
between the fascicles. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 5: Detail of Fig. 3 showing the gonozooecium from a
different angle.
Fig. 6: Colony without gonozooecium showing very regularly developed fascicles, section Židlochovice,
specimen P 01577.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 6
Exidmonea giebeli (STOLICZKA, 1862)
Fig. 1: Colony with fascicles formed by 4-5 autozooecia
from the section at Židlochovice, specimen P 01578.
Fig. 2: Colony with clearly visible cross section showing
“Exidmonea type” of budding from section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01579.
Fig. 3: Colony with a slightly distally shifted additional
aperture situated in the centre of the frontal side of
the colony. Section Hlohovec, specimen P 01580.
Exidmonea kuhni (MONGEREAU, 1969)
Fig. 4: The best preserved colony showing the concave dorsal side with growth lines, perforated by pseudopores. Borehole Přemyslovice (Py-4), specimen
P 01581.
Fig. 5-7: One fragment of the colony illustrated from different angles showing development of fascicles (Fig.
5), absence of kenozooecia (Fig. 6), and the concave
dorsal side (Fig. 7). Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen P 01582. Scale bars 100 µm
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 7
Exidmonea undata (REUSS, 1851)
Fig. 1: Frontal view of the colony showing the large frontal
space without fascicles. Section Kralice nad
Oslavou, specimen P 01583.
Fig. 2: Oblique view of the colony showing the development of fascicles. Section Kralice nad Oslavou,
specimen P 01584.
Fig. 3: Oblique view of the colony showing the development of fascicles composed of 2-3 autozooecial
tubes. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen
P 01585.
Fig. 4: Lateral view of the colony showing triserial fascicles. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen
P 01586.
Scale bars 1 mm.
PLATE 8
Idmidronea coronopus (DEFRANCE, 1822)
Fig. 1-3: Colony illustrated from different angles showing
the development of fascicles (Fig. 1), and kenozooecia on the dorsal side of the colony (Fig. 2 and 3).
Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01656.
57
Fig. 7: Dorsal side of the colony showing kenozooecia;
borehole Vranovice, specimen P 01657.
Idmidronea sp.
Fig. 4: Poorly preserved colony from the section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01305.
Fig. 5-6: Detail of Fig. 4 showing one row of small kenozooecia situated on the dorsal side of the colony.
Scale bars 100 µm
PLATE 9
Platonea pluma (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Frontal view of the colony with a shallow gonozooecium. Oeciopore probably situated on the left distal
part of the colony between the fascicles. Section
Podbřežice, specimen P 01725.
Fig. 2: Frontal view of the colony showing alternating biserial fascicles. Section Podbřežice, specimen
P 01726.
Fig. 3: Detail of the connection between biserial fascicle
with the dorsal kenozooecia (left margin of the figure). Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01727.
Scale bars 100 µm
PLATE 10
Pleuronea pertusa (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Well preserved colony with a large gonozooecium
situated close to a bifurcation. Section Podbřežice,
specimen P 01728. Scale bar 1 mm
Fig. 2-3: Well preserved colony with a large gonozooecium
situated close to a bifurcation. Oeciopore not clearly
recognizable, perhaps illustrated in Fig. 2. Section
Podbřežice, specimen P 01728.
Fig. 4: Large bifurcated colony showing parallel uniserial
fascicles. Section Kroužek, specimen P 01729.
Fig. 5: Lateral view showing the transition between frontal
side of the colony with autozooecia and dorsal side
of the colony with kenozooecia. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01730.
Fig. 6: Characteristic growth of the colony, the younger part
of the branch has the frontal side turned to the opposite direction. The result is that from one point of
view both sides of the branch are visible: the frontal
side with aotuzooecial facsicles (lower part of the
branch) and dorsal side with the kenozooecia in
upper part of the branch. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01731. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 7-8: Colony with broken frontal wall of gonozooecium,
no oeciopore observed. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01732.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 11
Plagioecia rotula (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Irregular, encrusting colony with a shallow gonozooecium and an oeciopore situated at the top of the
figure. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01721.
Fig. 2: Colony of uncertain affiliation to this species showing the characteristic “Berenicea” type of a lobate
colony. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01722.
58
Fig. 3-5: Large circular colony showing poorly preserved
gonozooecia. Oeciopore (Fig. 5) not clearly recognizable, perhaps situated on the left margin of the
gonozooecium. Section sv. Urban, specimen P 01724.
Fig. 3 scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 4: Colony of uncertain affiliation to this species showing the characteristic “Berenicea” type of a lobate
colony. Section Mikulov, specimen P 01723
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 12
Mesenteripora flabellum (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1-2: Lobate colony with a gonozooecium situated in the
centre of the colony. Oeciopore not clearly recognizable (Fig. 2), probably situated on the left margin of
the gonozooecium. Section sv. Urban, specimen
P 01676.
Fig. 3: General view of another colony showing regular
growth of the autozooecial tubes. Section Oslavany,
specimen P 01677.
Fig. 4: Erect lobate colony with more chaotic growth of
autozooecia. Section Oslavany, specimen P 01678.
Fig. 5-6: Erect colony with a possible gonozooecium and
detail of an oeciopore (Fig. 6). Section sv. Urban,
specimen P 01679. Fig. 5 scale bar 1 mm.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 13
Mesenteripora meandrina (WOOD, 1844)
Fig. 1: Frontal view showing the regular arrangement of
rows of autozooecial apertures. Section Holubice,
specimen P 01936.
Fig. 2: Frontal view of fragment showing marginal part of
the colony with well visible median lamella. Section
Holubice, specimen P 01934. Scale bar 100 µm
Fig. 3: Part of the colony showing irregular arrangement of
rows of autozooecial apertures. Section Holubice,
specimen P 01935.
Fig. 4: Part of the colony showing regular arrangement of
rows of autozooecial apertures and median lamella
on growing edge. Section Hlohovec, specimen P
01937.
Fig. 5: Frontal view showing the regular arrangement of
rows of autozooecial apertures and possible remain
of gonozooecium in the bottom. Section Hlohovec,
specimen P 01938.
Scale bars 1 mm, unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 14
Diplosolen obelium (JOHNSTON, 1838)
Fig. 1-2: Lobate colony with a large gonozooecium. Nanozooecia clearly observable, the oeciopore not visible. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01538.
Fig. 3-4: Encrusting colony with a large gonozooecium. A
probable oeciopore is situated on the left margin of
figure 4. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01539. Fig.
3 scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 5: Encrusting lobate colony with a smaller gonozooecium. The oeciopore is perhaps visible in the middle of
the gonozooecium’s frontal wall. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01540.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 15
Ybselosoecia typica (MANZONI, 1878)
Fig. 1: General view of the colony. Section Vranovice,
specimen P 01914.
Fig. 2: Characteristic chaotic growth of the autozooecia in a
colony from the section Podbřežice, specimen
P 01915.
Fig. 3: Colony with shallow gonozooecium. The oeciopore
is situated on the proximal margin of the gonozooecium. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01916. Scale
bar 100 µm.
Fig. 4: Colony with a partly broken gonozooecium, no
oeciopore visible. Section Podbřežice, specimen
P 01917.
Fig. 5: Detail of a gonozooecium with two oeciopores: one
situated on the left margin and the second on the
proximal margin of the gonozooecium. Section
Sedlec, specimen P 01918. Scale bar 100 µm.
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 16
Tervia irregularis (MENEGHINI, 1844)
Fig. 1-2: Large bifurcated colony with a gonozooecium,
with a partly broken frontal wall. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01877.
Fig. 3: Characteristic chaotic growth of autozooecia. Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen P 01878.
Fig. 4: Colony with autozooecia arranged in uniserial fascicles. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01879.
Fig. 5: Part of the colony with autozooecia arranged in uniserial fascicles. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01298. Scale bar 100 µm.
Fig. 6: Long colony with autozooecia partly arranged in
uniserial fascicles, partly chaotic. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01302.
Fig. 7: Detail of the dorsal side of the colony with partly
preserved gonozooecium and characteristic “V”shape arrangement of lateral walls on the dorsal autozooecia. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01880.
Scale bar 100 µm.
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 17
Mecynoecia pulchella (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Characteristic columnar growth form of the colony
with chaotic arrangement of autozooecia. Section
Podbřežice, specimen P 01671. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Colony with visible cross-section of the branch
showing the autozooecial budding pattern. Section
Mikulov, specimen P 01672. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3-4: Colony with a well developed gonozooecium and
an oeciopore jointed to the autozooecial aperture
(Fig. 4). Borehole Přemyslovice Py4, specimen
P 01673.
Fig. 5-7: Colony with a smaller gonozooecium from a different angle showing the position of gonozooecium
and oeciopore (Fig. 7). Section Kralice nad Oslavou,
specimen P 01674.
Fig. 8: Mecynoecia cf. pulchella – showing a gonozooecium
situated on the budding edge of the colony and an
oeciopore not jointed to the autozooecial aperture.
Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01675.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 18
Mecynoecia proboscidea (MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838)
Fig. 1-2: Colony with clearly observable gonozooecium and
details of the oeciopore (Fig. 2) jointed to an autozooecial aperture. Section Židlochovice, specimen
P 01667.
Fig. 3: Characteristic sporadic growth of the autozooecial
tubes separated by a large space. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01668.
Fig. 4: Colony with visible cross-section of the branch
showing the autozooecial budding pattern. Section
Podivín, specimen P 01669.
Fig. 5: Mecynoecia cf. proboscidea – colony with gonozooecium situated on the budding edge. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01670.
Scale bars 100 µm
PLATE 19
Exochoecia compressa (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Lateral view of a colony showing the arrangement of
autozooecia (note the difference compared to Mesenteripora meandrina (Wood, 1844) on Plate 13)
and the median lamina. Borehole Vranovice VK-1,
specimen P 01587.
Fig. 2: Characteristic growth of the colony. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01588. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3: Oblique view showing the margin of the colony.
Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01681. Scale bar
1 mm.
Fig. 4: Colony from section Židlochovice showing the
median lamina of the colony from a different angle.
Specimen P 01682.
Fig. 5: Frontal view of a flat colony showing long regular
uniserial fascicles. Section Podbřežice, specimen
P 01680.
Fig. 6: Lateral view of the colony showing the median lamella. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01589.
Scale bar 1 mm.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 20
Frondipora cf. verrucosa (LAMOUROX, 1821)
Fig. 1: General view of the colony with a partly preserved
gonozooecium. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01602.
Fig. 2: Part of the colony showing regularly arranged multiserial fascicles. Section Židlochovice, specimen
P 01603.
59
Fig. 3-4: Colony with prominent long, oval multiserial fascicles illustrated from different angles. Section Holubice, specimen P 01604.
Fig. 5: Colony with almost circular multiserial fascicles
from section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen
P 01605.
Scale bars 1 mm.
PLATE 21
Frondipora parva sp.n.
Fig. 1: Holotype (specimen P 01754) from the section Kralice nad Oslavou showing the arrangement of autozooecia on the frontal side of the colony.
Fig. 2: Paratype (specimen P 01755) from section Kralice
nad Oslavou.
Fig. 3: Colony with a partly preserved gonozooecium. Section Kroužek, specimen P 01756.
Fig. 4: Oblique view of the paratype (specimen P 01757)
showing an additional aperture not jointed to a fascicle. Section Kralice nad Oslavou.
Fig. 5-7: Colony illustrated from different angless showing
the frontal, lateral and dorsal side of the colony. Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen P 01758.
Scale bars 100 µm
PLATE 22
Pseudofrondipora davidi MONGEREAU, 1970
Fig. 1: Large colony with visible arrangement of fascicles
and kenozooecia. Section Holubice, specimen
P 01749.
Fig. 2-5: Colony with long multiserial fascicles. Section
Hlohovec, specimen P 01750.
Fig. 3: Long colony with circular multiserial fascicles. Section Holubice, specimen P 01751.
Fig. 4: Detail of the dorsal wall showing kenozooecia.
Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01752.
Fig. 6: Colony with almost the whole frontal side covered
by merging autozooecial multiserial fascicles. Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen P 01753.
Scale bars 1 mm
PLATE 23
Crisia cf. eburnea (LINNE, 1758)
Fig. 1: Colony with jointed apertures, which is not usual for
the genus Crisia. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01515.
Fig. 2-3: Fragment of a colony with a partly preserved
gonozooecium illustrated in different modes (Fig. 2
in high vacuum SE detector, Fig. 3 low vacuum,
BSE detector). Section Podbřežice, specimen
P 01516.
Fig. 4: Characteristic arrangement of autozooecia. Section
Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01517.
Fig. 5: Usual preservation of the colonies. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01518.
Scale bars 100 µm.
60
PLATE 24
Crisia elongata MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838
Fig. 1-2: Whole internode of a colony illustrated in different
modes (Fig. 1 low vacuum, BSE detector, Fig. 2 in
high vacuum SE detector) showing different visibility of pseudopores. Section Podbřežice, specimen
P 01519. Scale bars 1 mm.
Fig. 3: Internode with a preserved node (middle right) from
the section at Oslavany, specimen P 01520.
Fig. 4-5: Internode with prominent node (middle left on Fig.
4) showing the frontal (Fig. 4) and the dorsal (Fig. 5)
side of the colony. Section Židlochovice, specimen
P 01521.
Fig. 6: Part of the internode from the borehole Vranovice
VK-1, specimen P 01522. Scale bar 1 mm.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 25
Crisia hoernesi (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Well preserved internode with a visible node on left
middle part. Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen
P 01523. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Internode with the characteristic arrangement of
autozooecia. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen
P 01524.
Fig. 3: Internode showing the shape of pseudopores. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01525.
Fig. 4: Short internode showing the same distribution of the
autozooecial apertures and the same shape of the
pseudopores. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen
P 01526. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 5: Internode with elongated pseudopores. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01527. Scale bar 1 mm.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 26
Crisia haueri REUSS, 1847
Fig. 1: Fragment of a colony from section Kralice nad
Oslavou, specimen P 01544.
Fig. 2: Well preserved internode from the section Podbřežice, specimen P 01545.
Hornera cf. frondiculata LAMOUROUX, 1821
Fig. 3: Dorsal side of the colony showing nervi and kenozooecia. Borehole Vranovice VK1, specimen
P 01636. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 4: Part of a large colony showing the anastomosing
growth form. Section Terešov, specimen P 01635.
Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 5: Frontal view of a branch showing the arrangement of
autozooecia and kenozooecia. Section Židlochovice,
specimen P 01637. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 6-8: Detail of a gonozooecium from different angles.
Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01640. Note narrow ridges on the frontal wall and three wider ridges
merging near the oeciopore.
Fig. 9: Frontal view of a bifurcating branch. Section Oslavany, specimen P 01641. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 10: Part of a branch from the section Podbřežice, specimen P 01639. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 11: Dorsal side of the branch with a partly preserved
gonozooecium. Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen
P 01642. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 12: Detail of the frontal side of the colony showing the
arrangement of autozooecia and kenozooecia. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01639.
Fig. 13: Detail of the dorsal side of the colony showing
slightly transversal ribs on the nervi and elongated
kenozooecia. Borehole Vranovice VK1, specimen
P 01638.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 27
Hornera striata MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838
Fig. 1: Large fragment of a colony showing the enlarged
basel part. Borehole Vranovice VK1, specimen
P 01643. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Detail of the frontal side of the branch showing the
prominent narrow nervi. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01644.
Fig. 3: Dorsal side of the branch showing long nervi and
very few kenozooecia. Borehole Vranovice VK1,
specimen P 01645.
Fig. 4: Part of a bifurcating colony from section Rousínov
pumpa, specimen P 01646.
Fig. 5: Part of a branch with clearly visible characteristic
narrow nervi. Section Židlochovice, specimen
P 01644. Scale bar 1 mm.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 28
Hornera subannulata PHILIPPI, 1844
Fig. 1: Frontal view of the colony with clearly visible characteristic development of autozooecia and kenozooecia. Section sv. Urban, specimen P 01647.
Fig. 2: Dorsal side of a branch showing wide nervi (note the
difference compared to Hornera striata MILNE-EDWARDS, 1838 – Plate 27). Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01648.
Fig. 3: Bifurcating colony from section Kralice nad
Oslavou, specimen P 01649.
Fig. 4: Fragment of a branch from section Kralice nad
Oslavou, specimen P 01650.
Fig. 5: Part of a bifurcating branch from section Kroužek,
specimen P 01651.
Scale bars 1 mm
PLATE 29
Hornera verrucosa REUSS, 1865
Fig. 1: Frontal view of the whole branch. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01652.
Fig. 2 and 5: Whole colony and details of the frontal side of
the branch showing the characteristic presence of
one proximal and one distal vacuole near each aperture. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01653. Scale
bars 100 µm.
Fig. 3: Frontal side of a branch from section Židlochovice,
specimen P 01654.
Fig. 4: Bifurcating branch from section Sedlec, specimen
P 01655.
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 30
Crisidmonea foraminosa (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1-2: Lectotypus from the section at Freibühl showing
not very prominent fascicles. Fig. 2 detail of the fascicle and kenozooecia. Specimen deposited in the
NHM Vienna under the number 1867. 11. 98. Fig. 2:
scale bars 100 µm.
Fig. 3-4: Fragment of a colony and detail of fascicle (Fig. 4)
from section Rebešovice, specimen P 01530. Fig. 4:
scale bars 100 µm.
Fig. 5: Dorsal view of a branch showing large kenozooecia
in the zone of bifurcation. Section Židlochovice,
specimen P 01531.
Fig. 6: Dorsal view showing characteristic large kenozooecia distributed among the regular small kenozooecia.
Borehole Přemyslovice Py-4, specimen P 01532.
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 31
Polyascosoecia cancellata CANU, 1920
Fig. 1: Frontal view of a bifurcating colony showing short
fascicles. Section Holubice, specimen P 01733.
Fig. 2: Lateral view of a colony showing lateral kenozooecia. Section Holubice, specimen P 01734.
Fig. 3: Part of a branch showing fascicles composed of 3
autozooecial tubes. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01735.
Fig. 4: Oblique view of a branch showing the flat frontal side of
the colony. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01736.
Fig. 5: Lateral view of a branch with a gonozooecium with
partly preserved frontal wall. Borehole Vranovice
VK-1, specimen P 01737.
Fig. 6-8: Part of a branch with a well preserved gonozooecium, from different angles. Frontal wall of the gonozooecium perforated only by pseudopores. Oeciopore not clearly visble, perhaps illustrated on Fig. 8,
close to the fascicle in the centre. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01738. Scale bar 100 µm.
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 32
Ceriopora tumulifera CANU et LECOINTRE, 1934
Fig. 1: Whole colony with characteristic ‘protuberances’
(‘mamelons’). Section Hlohovec, specimen NHM
1859.XLV.659 (Vienna). Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Detail of the protuberances from the same specimen.
Section Hlohovec, specimen NHM 1859.XLV.659
(Vienna).
Fig. 3: Thinection of specimen NHM 2006z0213/001 (Vienna), the section is stored in NM Prague P 01448.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 33
Heteropora sp.
Fig. 1: Globular colony with small autozooecia from section Hluchov, specimen P 01614. Scale bar 1 mm.
61
Fig. 2: Detail of the surface of the colony from Fig. 1 showing almost no difference in size between autozooecia
and mesopores. Section Hluchov, specimen P 01614.
Fig. 3: Discoidal colony with larger autozooecia from the
section Sedlec quarry, specimen P 01615.
Fig. 4: Detail of the surface of the colony from Fig. 3 showing distinct mesopores. Section Sedlec quarry, specimen P 01615.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 34
Tetrocycloecia dichotoma (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Columnar colony with well developed quincuncial
arrangement of kenozooecia. Section Sedlec quarry,
specimen P 01881.
Fig. 2: Bifurcating, large colony from section Hlohovec,
specimen P 01882. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3: Detail of the surface of the colony from Fig. 2 with
visible kenozooecia arranged in quincuncial pattern.
Section Hlohovec, specimen P 01882.
Fig. 4: Part of a colonial branch with visible quincuncial
arrangement of kenozooecia. Section Prátecký vrch,
specimen P 01883.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 35
Tholopora neufferi VÁVRA 1983
Fig. 1: Large, bifurcating colony from section Hlohovec,
showing well developed basal lamina. Specimen
P 01256. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2-3: Columnar colony with details of basal lamina from
section Hlohovec, specimen P 01257. Fig. 2 scale
bar 100 µm, fig. 3 scale bar 1 mm
PLATE 36
Bobiesipora fasciculata (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Part of the central disc of a colony from section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01546. Scale bar 1 mm.
Disporella cf. hispida (FLEMING, 1828)
Fig. 2-3: Colony with gonozooecium from section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01547. Fig. 2: Whole colony with gonozooecium in the central part. Fig. 3: Detail with a possible oeciopore situated on the margin
of the gonozooecium.
Fig. 4: Detail of another gonozooecium with a possible
oeciopore. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01928. Scale
bar 1 mm
Fig. 5: Whole colony without gonozooecium showing the
arrangement of autozooecial tubes. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01548. Scale bar 1 mm.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 37
Disporella goldfussi (REUSS, 1864)
Fig. 1: Oblique view on a columnar colony with radial uniserial fascicles. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01541.
Fig. 2: Dorsal view showing basal lamina from section Holubice, specimen P 01542.
62
Fig. 3: Gonozooecium with broken frontal wall from section Podbřežice, specimen P 01543.
Scale bars 1 mm.
PLATE 38
Disporella cf. radiata (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826)
Fig. 1: Composite (multidiscoidal) colony with visible central part with cancelli from section Rebešovice,
specimen P 01549.
Fig. 2: Characteristic colony with uniserial fascicles. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01550.
Fig. 3: Detail of specimen P 01550 from section Židlochovice showing a possible oeciopore (arrow). Scale
bar 100 µm.
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 39
Trochiliopora insignis (MANZONI, 1878)
Fig. 1: Small colony with characteristic long peduncle and
circular central area from section Holubice, specimen P 01887.
Fig. 2-4: Large colony with a short peduncle, but wide and
elongated central area from different angles. Detail
(Fig. 4) shows the distribution of kenozooecia on the
margin of the colony. Borehole Přemyslovice Py4,
specimen P 01888.
Fig. 5-7: Frontal (Fig. 5) and marginal (Fig. 7) view of the
colony showing autozooecial fascicles and the position of the gonozooecium. Details of the gonozooecial roof (Fig. 6) showing its size, but not allowing
identification of the oeciopore. Borehole Přemyslovice Py1, specimen P 01889
Scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 40
Coronopora cf. disticha (HAGENOW, 1851)
Fig. 1: Fragment of a colony with clearly visible gonozooecium and a small oeciopore at the top. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01497
Fig. 2: Fragment of the colony showing multiserial radial
rows of autozooecia. Section Podbřežice, specimen
P 01498.
Scale bar 1 mm.
PLATE 41
Terebripora falunica FISCHER, 1865
Fig. 1-4: Well preserved part of a colony (general view in
Fig. 1, details in the other figures) showing the
arrangement of autozooecia, shape of autozooecia
(Fig. 4) and the budding of stolons (Fig. 2 and 3).
Section Mikulov, specimen stored in NHM Vienna
under the number 2006z0216/001.
Scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 42
Biflustra savartii (SAVIGNY et AUDOUIN, 1826)
Fig. 1-2: Nicely preserved encrusting colony (General view
in Fig. 1, details in Fig. 2) showing the arrangement
of autozooecial rows and the well developed cryptocyst. Section Drnovice from the MZM Brno collection, specimen P 01452.
Fig. 3: Colony with its free base (encrusting a soft substratum, perhaps algae) showing a very regular arrangement
of autozooecia. Section Mikulov, specimen P 01453.
Fig. 4-5: Colony encrustiong another bryozoan showing the
development of kenozooecia (fig. 4 in the middle, in
the place of bifurcation of the host bryozoa, Fig. 5
left margin). Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01454.
Scale bar 1 mm.
PLATE 43
Biflustra sp.
Fig. 1: Fragment of a colony with zone of bifurcation. Note
the short cryptocyst and the lack of any gymnocyst.
Section Sedlec, specimen P 01455.
Fig. 2:Fragment of the colony from section Sedlec, specimen P 01459.
Fig. 3: Fragment of the colony from section Sedlec, specimen P 01458.
Fig. 4: Fragment of a bifurcating colony showing autozooecia with a more circular shape . Section Sedlec, specimen P 01456.
Fig. 5: Fragment of a colony showing the zone of bifurcation. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01457.
Scale bar 1 mm.
PLATE 44
Eokotosokum bobiesi (DAVID et POUYET, 1974)
Fig. 1-3: Encrusting colony with visible tubercles, which
may represent distolateral spine bases. Note, that the
shape of the autozooecia is not constant. Section
Podbřežice, specimen P 01555. Fig. 1 scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3: note the size of the basal pore-chambers.
Fig. 2-4: Colony encrusting a shell fragment showing kenozooecia. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01556.
Fig. 4 scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 5: Colony with irregularly situated distolateral spine
bases. Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen P 01557.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 45
Copidozoum natalae sp. n.
Fig. 1: General view of the holotype showing paired pore
chambers and small avicularia (right margin). Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01499. Scale
bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Paratype showing arrangement of autozooecial
rows. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen
P 01500. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3: Detail showing the position of the ovicell with broken frontal wall. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01501.
Fig. 4: Small fragment with characteristic paired pore
chambers and avicularia. Section Židlochovice,
specimen P 01502.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 46
Amphiblestrum appendiculatum (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Detail of the encrusting colony showing distribution
of avicularia and the presence of a keel on the ovicell frontal wall. Note, that autozooecia have a very
reduced cryptocyst. Section Mikulov, specimen P 01444.
Fig. 2: Colony encrusting another bryozoan showing a wider cryptocyst and avicularia situated on the gymnocyst. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01445. Scale
bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3: Colony with smaller ovicells which, due to the poor
preservation, do not have any prominent keel. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01446. Scale
bar 1 mm.
Fig. 4: Detail of the colony showing a pair of oral spines.
Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01447.
Scale bars 100 µm if not otherwise stated.
PLATE 47
Pyriporella cf. loxopora (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1 and 4: General view of an encrusting colony showing
the chaotic budding pattern which results in a chaotic distribution of autozooecia. Scale bar 1 mm. Fig. 4:
Detail showing the absence of cryptocyst and the
distribution of small avicularia between the autozooecia. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01328.
Fig. 2: Detail showing small avicularia between autozooecia. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01334.
Fig. 3: General view of a colony with almost regularly
arranged autozooecial rows. Section Kralice nad
Oslavou, specimen P 01329. Scale bar 1 mm.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 48
Flustrellaria fenestrata (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1 and 2: General view of an encrusting colony showing
the distribution of autozooecia.
Fig. 2: Detail showing position of avicularia. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01597.
Fig. 3 and 4: Detail of elongated autozooecia showing a
partly preserved ovicell and the arrangement of avicularia tapering obliquely laterally.
Fig. 4: General view showing numerous spine bases around
opesia. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01598.
Fig. 5: Colony with a wider mural rim. Borehole Přemyslovice Py4, specimen P 01599.
Fig. 6: Colony with a well developed gymnocyst showing
the longitudinal arrangement of avicularia and ovicells. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01600.
All scale bars 100 µm
PLATE 49
Flustrellaria sp.
Fig. 1: One colony with clearly observable large avicularia.
Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01601. Scale bar 1 mm.
Undeterminable Calloporid traditionally called “Alderina
subtilimargo”
Fig. 2: Autozooecia with well developed gymnocyst and
slightly prominent tubercles on the distal margin of
autozooecia. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01922.
63
Fig. 3: Autozooecia with almost no gymnocyst. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01923.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 50
Cupuladria bałuki sp.n.
Fig. 1: Holotype. Old material from Drnovice (MZM Brno),
specimen P 01533.
Fig. 2 and 4: Part of the colony showing internal communication pores. Fig. 4: Detail of a vibraculum showing
its irregular shape. Old material from Drnovice (MZM
Brno), specimen P 01534.
Fig. 3: Fragment of a colony showing the regular distribution of vibracula. Old material from Drnovice (MZM
Brno), specimen P 01535.
Fig. 5: Dorsal side of a colony showing the arrangement of
pores. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01536.
Fig. 6: Detail of the margin of a colony. Old material from
Vranová Lhota (MZM Brno), specimen P 01537.
Fig. 7: Part of a colony with visible marginal pore chambers. Old material from Drnovice (MZM Brno),
specimen P 01534.
All scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 51
Reussirella haidingeri (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Largest fragment of the colony showing also the
middle part with autozooecia covered by a calcareous lamina perforated by two rows of pores. Section
Rebešovice, specimen P 01796.
Fig. 2: Dorsal side of the colony showing the absence of
pores. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01797.
Fig. 3: Margin of the colony from section Podbřežice, specimen P 01798.
Fig. 4: Detail of the margin of a colony showing granular
cryptocyst with spinules. Section Mikulov, specimen
P 01799.
Fig. 5: Part of the colony showing the irregular growth of
the autozooecia on its right margin. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01800.
All scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 52
Scrupocellaria elliptica (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Part of a colony showing oral spine bases and pore
chambers on the distal margin. Section Podbřežice,
specimen P 01811.
Fig. 2: Detail of a few autozooecia showing the smooth
gymnocyst. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01812.
Fig. 3: Ovicelled colony. Section Služín, specimen P 01813.
Fig. 4: Dorsal side of a colony showing the arrangement of
the autozooecial dorsal walls. Section Židlochovice,
specimen P 01814.
Fig. 5: Colony with autozooecia showing a well-developed
cryptocyst. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen
P 01815.
Fig. 6: Detail of a few autozooecia showing spine bases and
pairs of pore chambers. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01816.
All scale bars 100 µm.
64
PLATE 53
Micropora papyracea (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1 and 2: General view of a colony showing the arrangement of autozooecia. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Detail showing opesiules and perforated cryptocyst.
Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01688.
Fig. 3: Part of a colony showing large opesiules and the
strongly porous cryptocyst. Section Židlochovice,
specimen P 01689.
Fig. 4: Detail showing large opesiules and granular cryptocyst. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01690.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 54
Micropora parvicella CANU et LECOINTRE, 1927
Fig. 1: Encrusting colony with small opesiules and oval
autozooecia. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01691.
Fig. 2: Detail of the fusion of two colonies: the upper one
belongs to Micropora papyracea (REUSS, 1847), the
lower one to Micropora parvicella CANU et LECOINTRE, 1927. Note oval autozooecia and smaller opesiules in Micropora parvicella CANU et LECOINTRE,
1927. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01692.
Fig. 3: Colony with characteristic oval autozooecia. Section
Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01693.
Fig. 4: Detail of oval autozooecia and small opesiules. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01691.
Fig. 5: Two autozooecia with preserved ovicells. Section
Podbřežice, specimen P 01694.
All scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 55
Calpensia gracilis (MÜNSTER, 1826)
Fig. 1: Fragment of a colony showing regular, straight rows
of autozooecia and their regular shape. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01472. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Detail of a colony with curved rows of autozooecia.
Section Mikulov, specimen P01473. Scale bar 100 µm.
Fig. 3: Irregularly growing rows of irregularly shaped autozooecia. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01474. Scale
bar 1 mm.
Fig. 4: Detail showing opesiules and shape of the aperture.
Section Mikulov, specimen P01475. Scale bar 100 µm.
PLATE 56
Calpensia sp. (cf. C. calpensis BUSK,1854)
Fig. 1: Fragment of a colon showing irregular arrangement
of autozooecia. Section sv. Urban, specimen P 01478.
Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Fragment of a colony showing regular arrangement
of autozooecia. Section sv. Urban, specimen P 01479.
Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3-4: Details of the autozooecia showing poor preservation, almost circular opesia, and the granular, perforated cryptocyst. Section sv. Urban, specimen P 01480.
Scale bar 100 µm.
PLATE 57
Calpensia rebesovensis sp.n.
Fig. 1-2: Holotype showing regular arrangement of autozooecia, small opesia, oval shape of autozooecia and
prominent tubercles. Section Rebešovice, specimen
P 01476. Fig. 1 scale bar 1 mm, Fig. 2 scale bar 100 µm.
Fig. 3: Paratype showing large tubercles and autozooecia
with wider mural rim. Section Rebešovice, specimen
P 01477. Scale bar 1 mm.
PLATE 58
Calpensia sedleci ZÁGORŠEK, VÁVRA et HOLCOVÁ, 2007
Fig. 1: Holotype showing regularly growing autozooecia,
the arrangement of opesiules and the perforated
cryptocyst. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01246.
Fig. 2: Colony showing irregular rows of autozooecia, perhaps due to a growth defect. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01251.
Fig. 3: Erect colony with curved autozooecial rows and
bifurcation. Section Sedlec, specimen P 01247.
Fig. 4: Detail of autozooecia showing position of opesiules
and wide mural rim. Section Sedlec, specimen
P 01247. Scale bar 100 µm.
Scale bars 1 mm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 59
Mollia cf. patellaria (MOLL, 1803)
Fig. 1 and 2: Encrusting colony showing irregular arrangement of autozooecia. Scale bar 1 mm. Fig. 2: detail
of autozooecia showing the characteristic shape of
the apertures and the connection between neighbouring autozooecia. Borehole Přemyslovice Py1, specimen P 01701.
Fig. 3 and 4: General and detailed view (Fig.4) showing a
large, semilunar ovicell. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01702.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 60
Steraechmella buski LAGAAIJ, 1952
Fig. 1: General view of the encrusting colony showing the
ancestrula in the middle. Scale bar 1 mm. Section
Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen P 01874.
Fig. 2: Detail of another colony showing prominent proximo-lateral corners. Scale bar 1 mm. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01875.
Fig. 3: Detail of a few autozooecia showing the granular
surface of the cryptocyst. Scale bar 100 µm. Section
Rebešovice, specimen P 01876.
PLATE 61
Lunulites androsaces MANZONI, 1869.
Section Rousínov pumpa, specimen P 01662.
Fig. 1: General view of the margin of the colony showing
the regular arrangement of autozooecia and vibracularia and irregularly placed avicularia.
Fig. 2: Detail of an autozooecium showing condyles.
Fig. 3: Detail of a large avicularium between regular vibracularia and autozooecia.
All scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 62
Onychocella angulosa (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1-3: Colony from borehole Přemyslovice Py4, specimen P 01712. Fig. 1: general view, scale bar 1 mm,
fig. 2: detail of avicularium, fig. 3: detail of autozooecia showing enlarged proximo-lateral corners of
opesia.
Fig. 4: Detail of a colony showing an abraded, poorly preserved specimen, but with clearly identifiable avicularia and autozooecia. Section Drnovice, specimen
P 01713.
Fig. 5: Fragment of a colony with a well preserved avicularium. Section Holubice, specimen P 01714.
Fig. 6: Detail of a colony with well preserved avicularium
and autozooecia of a more oval shape. Borehole Přemyslovice Py4, specimen P 01715.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 63
Smittipora platystoma (REUSS,1847)
Fig. 1: Part of a colony showing a small avicularium (in the
middle). Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01860.
Fig. 2: Another fragment of a colony showing a regular
growth pattern of the autozooecia. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01861.
Scale bars 1 mm.
PLATE 64
Steginoporella cucullata (REUSS, 1848)
Fig. 1: Young colony with square shaped cross section and
without B-zooecia. Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01862. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2: Part of a colony with well preserved A-zooecia
showing small opesiules. Borehole Přemyslovice Py1,
specimen P 01863. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 3: Detail of a small colony with B-zooecium. Section
Podbřežice, specimen P 01864.
Fig. 4: Colony with well preserved A-zooecia and enlarged
distal margin of the orifice. Section Kralice nad
Oslavou, specimen P 01345. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 5: Detail of an A-zooecium with small, circular opesiules. Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01865.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 65
Steginoporella tuberculata DAVID et POUYET, 1974
Fig. 1-2: Colony from section Rebešovice, specimen
P 01865. Fig. 1: general view of the colony. Scale
bar 1 mm. Fig. 2: Detail of a B-zooecium showing
also a pair of tubercles on A-zooecia. Scale bar 100 µm.
Fig. 3: Part of the colony with preserved characteristic
tubercles and enlarged proximo-lateral corners of the
opesium. Section Kroužek, specimen P 01867.
65
Fig. 4: Detail of the B-zooecium. Section Rebešovice, specimen P 01868.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 66
Thalamoporella neogenica BUGE, 1950
Fig. 1 and 3: Colony from section Židlochovice, specimen
P 01884. Fig. 1: General view. Scale bar 1 mm. Fig.
3: Detail showing large avicularia.
Fig. 2: Detail of another colony showing avicularia and
position of opesiules in the middle of the cryptocyst.
Section Židlochovice, specimen P 01885.
Fig. 4 and 5: Colony from section Sedlec, specimen
P 01886. Fig. 4: General view. Scale bar 1 mm. Fig.
5: Detail of the avicularium.
Scale bars 100 µm unless indicated otherwise.
PLATE 67
Monoporella venusta (EICHWALD, 1853)
Fig. 1 and 3: Borehole Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01703.
Fig. 3: Detail of the autozooecia showing the median ridge.
Fig. 2: One well preserved autozooecium from borehole
Vranovice VK-1, specimen P 01704.
All scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 68
Cellaria cf. fistulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Fig. 1 and 2: Colony from section Holubice, specimen
P 01481. Fig. 2: Detail of avicularia and well pronounced condyles.
Fig. 3: Detail of autozooecia with ovicell. Section Holubice, specimen P 01482.
Fig. 4: Detail of the distal margin of a segment (internode)
showing the radial growth pattern of autozooecia.
Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01483.
Fig. 5: Detail of autozooecium showing condyles and ovicell with a calcitic closure. Borehole Přemyslovice
Py1, specimen P 01484.
Fig. 6: Complete colony segment showing the regular
growth of autozooecia. Section Podbřežice, specimen P 01485.
Fig. 7: Detail of autozooecium with two avicularia. Section
Podbřežice, specimen P 01486.
All scale bars 100 µm.
PLATE 69
Cellaria cf. salicornioidea LAMOUROUX, 1816
Fig. 1: Complete colony segment (internode) showing the
shape of the autozooecia and a large avicularium in
the zone of bifurcation. Section Rousínov pumpa,
specimen P 01487.
Fig. 2: Complete colony segment (internode) from section
Rebešovice, specimen P 01488.
Fig. 3: Part of a colony showing the oval shape of the autozooecia and the large opening to the ovicell. Section
Holubice, specimen P 01489.
All scale bars 100 µm.
66
PLATE 70
Vibracella trapezoidea (REUSS, 1847)
Fig. 1: Part of a colony showing growth pattern and the
endozooecial ovicell in the middle. Section Kralice
nad Oslavou, specimen P 01337.
Fig. 2: Detail of a colony fragment showing adventitious
avicularia. Section Kralice nad Oslavou, specimen
P 01911.
Fig. 3: Detail of two endozooecial ovicells and two adventitious avicularia. Sectrion Kralice nad Oslavou,
specimen P 01343.
All scale bars 100 µm.
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PLATE 49
1
2
3
115
PLATE 50
1
3
2
4
5
7
6
116
PLATE 51
1
2
3
4
5
117
PLATE 52
1
2
4
3
5
6
118
PLATE 53
1
2
3
4
119
PLATE 54
1
2
3
4
5
120
PLATE 55
1
2
4
3
121
PLATE 56
1
3
2
4
122
PLATE 57
1
2
3
123
PLATE 58
1
2
3
124
4
PLATE 59
1
3
2
4
125
PLATE 60
1
2
126
3
PLATE 61
1
2
3
127
PLATE 62
1
2
3
4
5
128
6
PLATE 63
1
2
129
PLATE 64
1
2
3
4
5
130
PLATE 65
1
2
3
4
131
PLATE 66
1
2
3
5
4
132
PLATE 67
1
2
3
133
PLATE 68
3
4
1
2
7
5
6
134
PLATE 69
1
2
3
135
PLATE 70
1
2
136
3
