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Tento můj text byl napsán a publikován v březnu 1996, tj. v době, kdy jsme ještě měli stabilní většinovou vládu. Byl publikován nejprve v Parlamentním zpravodaji z března 1966 (II. roč. 1995-96, č. 07). Reaguji v něm na článek Václava Klause "Malé historické srovnání s Baťovými časy" (Lidové noviny z 9. 3. 1996), ve kterém tehdejší český premiér Václav Klaus zdůrazňuje politickou stabilitu dnešní České republiky ve srovnání s meziválečnou Československou republikou. V mé stati 1. upozorňuji na rozdíl mezi vládní stabilitou a politickou stabilitou, 2. vysvětluji, na čem závisí vládní stabilita, 3. poukazuji na to, že první Československá republika byla multietnickým státem na rozdíl od postkomunistické České republiky, 4. a závěrem pak uvádím, že spíš než stavět na odiv naši tehdejší vládní stabilitu, která je plodem celé řady činitelů, z nichž některé působí jen dočasně, by bylo užitečnější přijmout taková opatření (zejména úpravu volebního systému), která by zvýšila pravděpodobnost, že si vládní stabilitu udržíme i za změněných podmínek. Volby do Poslanecké sněmovny, které se konaly o tři měsíce později, mi daly bohužel za pravdu.
2005 •
This paper focuses on the coalition behaviour of the European Union member states in the Council of Ministers. The negotiation process and the coalition behaviour have been considered crucial elements of integration theories. Every member state endeavours to bring the negotiations outcomes close to its national interest. One possible way of promoting the state interest is to look for coalition partners. Generally, there are no stable coalitions in the EU. The different sectors characterise various coalitional patterns and the diverse coalitions overlap depending on the area discussed. Hence the factual weight of the votes of individual member states fluctuates. Nevertheless, we can identify groups of countries that have a higher tendency to form correlate grouping than others. In case of smaller countries, i.e., countries with a smaller weight of their vote, the main concern is to build up blocking coalitions. However, the Nordic countries have a high tendency to construct coalitions, mainly in the fields of social policy, environmental policy, liberal external trade policy, and indirect taxation.
Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales
Le Livre du désert: La vision du monde d’un lettré musulman de l’Ouest saharien au xixe siècle2018 •
This article provides an analysis of the Book of the Desert (Kitāb al-Bādiya), a nineteenth-century legal treatise written by Muḥammad al-Māmī (d. 1282/1865), a Muslim scholar from the Tiris desert in present-day Mauritania. In his book, the author reflects on the adaptation of sharia—the religious law of Islam—to the needs of pastoral populations in the western Sahara: how to embrace a normative system that at first glance seems incompatible with nomadic ways of life, given that it presupposes the existence of a state governed by an Islamic ruler (imām) and considers the city the natural environment for legal institutions? Challenging the narratives of center-periphery relationships and the so-called post-classical “decline” that continue to structure the field of Islamic intellectual history, this article seeks to explore the different contextual layers of al-Māmī’s reasoning as a scholar: that of a religious notable deeply involved in the struggle for power among nomadic groups and a fervent supporter of the jihad movements in West Africa over the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; that of a Muslim jurist of the mālikī school who approached his society from the perspective of Islamic legal thought; that of a Bedouin preoccupied with the legal and religious implications of the cultural gap separating his world from that of urban dwellers.
2012 •
The ability of plants to regenerate in vitro has been exploited for use in tissue culture systems for plant propagation, plant transformation, and genome editing. The success of in vitro regeneration is often genotype dependent and continues to be a bottleneck for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and its deployment for improvement of some crop species. Manipulation of transcription factors that play key roles in plant development such as BABY BOOM, WUSCHEL, and GROWTH REGULATING FACTORs (GRFs) has improved regeneration and transformation efficiencies in several plant species. Here, we compare the efficacy of GRF-GIF gene fusions from multiple species to boost regeneration efficiency and shooting frequency in four genotypes of wild and cultivated lettuce (Lactuca spp. L.). In addition, we show that GRF-GIFs with mutated miRNA 396 binding sites increase regeneration efficiency and shooting frequency when compared to controls. We also present a co-transformation strategy for incre...
Implementation science : IS
Knowledge translation to fitness trainers: a systematic review2010 •
This study investigates approaches for translating evidence-based knowledge for use by fitness trainers. Specific questions were: Where do fitness trainers get their evidence-based information? What types of interventions are effective for translating evidence-based knowledge for use by fitness trainers? What are the barriers and facilitators to the use of evidence-based information by fitness trainers in their practice?
In the real world, pathogens do not exist in isolation. The transmission of one pathogen may be affected by the presence of other pathogens, and certain pathogens generate multiple strains with different spreading features. Hence, the behavior of multi-pathogen transmission has attracted much attention in epidemiological research. In this paper, we use the pairwise approximation method to formulate two-pathogen models capturing cross-immunity, super-infection, and co-infection phenomena, in which each pathogen follows a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) mechanism. For each model, we calculate the basic reproduction number and analyze the stability of equilibria, and discuss the differences from the mean-field approach. We demonstrate that simulations are in good agreement with the analytical results.
Preventing Chronic Disease
Assessment of the Needs of Caregivers of Stroke Patients at State-Owned Acute-Care Hospitals in Southern Vietnam, 2011Biochemical Society Transactions
A heat shock protein 70 gene from the filarial nematode Setaria digitata2000 •
Zeitschrift für Gemeinwirtschaft und Gemeinwohl
Kooperatives Wirtschaften für das Gemeinwohl in der Zivilgesellschaft2021 •
Dieser Beitrag bietet eine Konzeption zur Erfassung und Definition grundlegender Merkmale kooperativen Wirtschaftens für das Gemeinwohl in der Zivilgesellschaft. Zur konzeptionellen Rahmung solcher Wirtschaftsformen werden aus zentralen Diskursen zur Zivilgesellschaft und dem Non-Profit- bzw. Dritten Sektor, zum Genossenschaftswesen sowie zum Sozialunternehmertum zehn idealtypische Kernmerkmale destilliert: (1) Verantwortung für die Öffentlichkeit (2) Gemeinwohlorientierung (3) verbundwirtschaftliche Kooperation (4) gemeinschaftliche Selbstbestimmung und Emanzipation (5) demokratische Mitwirkung (6) gemeinschaftlich geteiltes Eigentum (7) Bedarfswirtschaft (8) wirtschaftliche Tragfähigkeit (9) experimentelle Transformation (10) Civic Action. Damit bietet der Beitrag einen Bezugsrahmen für die Analyse empirischer Formen kooperativen Wirtschaftens der Zivilgesellschaft für das Gemeinwohl, wie sie das vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung geförderte Verbundprojekt „Teilgabe“ ...
Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Nonlinear Transport of Positive Ions Below a Free Surface of Topological Superfluid $$^3$$He-B2014 •
Journal of Climate
North American Climate in CMIP5 Experiments. Part II: Evaluation of Historical Simulations of Intraseasonal to Decadal Variability2013 •
A Poem that is not our own
LML, Footnotes to History, On Processions, Development and the State2019 •
Journal of Chromatography A
Preconcentration of morphine and codeine using a magnetite/reduced graphene oxide/silver nano-composite and their determination by high-performance liquid chromatography2018 •
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Correlation of Administrators' Leadership Practices and the Teachers' Performance among Public Elementary and Secondary Schools2023 •
Procesos psicológicos del consumidor : temas escogidos de investigación
Método SERVQUAL para la medición de la satisfacción en pacientes del régimen contributivo en ColombiaSchizophrenia Research
Motor abnormalities in first-episode psychosis patients and long-term psychosocial functioning2017 •
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry
Real-time determination of CO2 production and estimation of adsorbate coverage on a proton exchange membrane fuel cell under oscillatory operation2013 •
Journal of Agricultural Science
Effect of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers on the Performance and Profitability of Grain Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) in Western Kenya2011 •
Japanese Journal of Applied Physics
Pressure Dependence of Ferroelectric Properties in PbZrO3-PbTiO3 Solid State System under Hydrostatic Stress1996 •