RECORDS OF THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM 84 345–361 (2017) DOI: 10.18195/issn.0313-122x.84.2017.345-361 SUPPLEMENT Kimberley marine biota. Historical data: additional phyla (Brachiopoda, Bryozoa, Annelida, Platyhelminthes, Sipuncula, Cnidaria and Chordata) Clay Bryce1* and Alison Sampey1 1 Department of Aquatic Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, Western Australia 6986, Australia. * Email: clay.bryce@museum.wa.gov.au ABSTRACT – This is the final paper in this series on historical marine biodiversity records of the Kimberley, north-western Australia from the Woodside Collection Project (Kimberley) 2009–2015. Here we document the historical records of seven additional phyla extracted from collection data from three Australian museums participating in the project. Although these data were not included as targeted project taxa and are too few for meaningful statistical analyses or comparison, they are of interest for their historical value (oldest specimens and presence data), the baseline information the data contain, and for highlighting the significant knowledge gap they represent. Within the seven phyla, 121 species are recorded from 44 locations in the Project Area, with 48.6% of the original records excluded for reasons explained in Sampey et al. (2014). KEYWORDS: natural history collections, species inventory, biodiversity, NW Australia, baseline data INTRODUCTION The utilisation of natural science collections to provide baseline biodiversity information to inform conservation and environmental management decisions is increasingly being recognised (Pyke and Ehrlich 2010; Costello et al. 2013). The Western Australian Museum (WAM) and other Australian natural science institutions have accumulated marine voucher records from the Kimberley Project Area (Project Area) (see Sampey et al. 2014 and defined below) since the late 1800s. This has resulted in significant collections of marine specimens with associated metadata. However, much of the data, and their interpretation, are either unpublished or published in specialist taxonomic literature, and thus not readily accessible to researchers and conservation managers. To address this situation WAM instigated the Woodside Collection Project (Kimberley) 2009–2015 (the Project) in conjunction with other Australian museums and the Western Australian Herbarium (WAH). The Project had two main components: an historical assessment of the k nown marine voucherbased records housed in Australian museum collections (Jones et al. 2017), and a series of marine biodiversity surveys undertaken during 2009–2014, with results currently in preparation. The historical component (1880s–2009) collated records of shallow water (<30 m) marine flora and fauna (restricted to fishes and targeted invertebrate taxa) from the Project Area. The intent was to provide information on general trends in diversity patterns and collection gaps, both spatial and taxonomic, for these taxa. The additional phyla included here were not targeted taxa for the Project, but were part of the original datasets, although their records were much fewer in number. Here we provide an inventory of the known records for these taxa. Because these phyla are represented by a small dataset comparative statistical analyses have not been undertaken. METHODS Full details of the Project methodology are outlined in Sampey et al. (2014). The Project Area was defined by the coordinates 19.00°S 121.57°E; 19.00°S 118.25°E; 12.00°S 129.00°E; 12.00°S 121.00°E. It encompassed the coast, which formed a natural inshore boundary, from south of Broome to the Western Australian/Northern Territory border, extending beyond the 1000 m bathymetric contour to include the shelf edge atolls (Figures 1–5). 346 Data for the phyla were sourced from the collection databases of the WAM, Australian Museum (AM) and Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (MAGNT) as per Sampey et al. (2014). Three of the phyla are only partially represented, with the Scleractinia (Richards et al. 2014) and Octocorallia (Bryce et al. 2014) removed from the Cnidaria, the class Polychaeta (Hutchings et al. 2014) removed from the Annelida, and the Ascidiacea being the only class included in the Chordata. Species names were checked (30 July 2016 to 18 January 2017) using the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS, 2014). The species taxonomic determinations were assigned to a geographical location in Table 1 and the following assessments provided: number of species per phyla, number of inshore and offshore species for each phyla, number of species co-occurring at both inshore and offshore sites, and number of geographical locations per phyla. Also provided are total species counts, and totals for species inshore, offshore, and at both inshore and offshore sites. Table 2 details location coordinates, data on collection years, species counts per location, number of collection events and total collecting events, and occurrences of phyla across each location. Location distribution maps (Figures 1–5) were prepared for each phylum from data provided in Appendices 1 and 2. Figure 1 is a composite map displaying locations for Brachiopoda (4 locations), Annelida (2) and Platyhelminthes (1). Figure 2 displays the locations for the Sipuncula (11 locations); Figure 3 the Cnidaria (28); Figure 4 the Chordata (17) and Figure 5 the Bryozoa with 9 locations. All maps have the Project Area boundary marked in grey with a map projection GDA94 and a scale of 1:6, 250,000. RESULTS A total of 121 species from seven phyla are documented (Appendix 1), with 48.6% of the original data excluded for a number of reasons including that the data was beyond the scope of the project (i.e. wrong depth and/or geographical location), specimens were incompletely identified, and potential for taxonomic duplication as a result of taxonomic qualifiers (e.g. “aff.”, “cf.” and “?”). A full explanation of the data exclusion rationale used in the Project is provided in Sampey et al. (2014). The number of species for each phylum was: Brachiopoda (3 species), Bryozoa (12), Annelida (3), Platyhelminthes (2), Sipuncula (5), Cnidaria (27) and Chordata (69). These species were from 44 locations (5 offshore and 39 inshore), with 47 species inshore, 86 offshore, and 12 species occurred both inshore C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY and offshore. Inshore is here defined as extending from the coast to the 50 m bathymetric contour, with the offshore continuing seaward to the continental edge. There were 56 separate collecting events associated with the 121 species, with 37 single and seven multiple events, of which six occurred in Broome, three at Ashmore Reef and five other locations hosted two collecting events each. Although Broome had most collecting events, only 13 species across six phyla within a 77 year collection period were recorded, while Ashmore Reef had 77 species from five phyla over 16 years, and with half the collecting events (Appendix 2). The time period for the collecting events was from 1913 to 2002. The three oldest records were the sea jelly, Pseudorhiza haeckeli Haarke, 1884, collected in 1913 from Freshwater Bay; the brachiopod, Lingula adamsi Dall, 1873 collected from Broome in 1921 and the ascidian, Pyura arenosa (Herdman, 1882) from Kuri Bay in 1964 (Appendix 2). DISCUSSION Historical marine floral and faunal collections provide baseline biodiversity and ecological data, and are important references for contributing to the determination of biotic assessments and human impacts associated with marine environments. The papers of this series (Jones et al. 2017) have detailed the historical collections found in the Kimberley Project Area, and provide fundamental knowledge for future research. The majority of species reported here from the Project Area were collected from offshore reefs: Ashmore Reef (77 species), Rowley Shoals (11) and Scott Reef (1). Due to their remote location and the dates of the collecting events these species counts can be attributed to museum survey work. Inshore, Broome (13 species) had six separate collecting events over a wide date range (1921–2002), suggesting ad hoc collecting rather than targeted effort. The collation of data on these phyla clearly indicates a lack of expert collecting and taxonomic attention. This highlights the critical information gap associated with these phyla. Wilson (2014) noted that the Kimberley marine 'minor phyla', including the Platyhelminthes, nemertines, brachiopods and bryozoans are virtually unstudied. In this data synthesis we note the relatively high number of ascidian species (69), and modest number of non-scleractinian and octocoral cnidarian species (27), have counts much higher than those of the remaining five phyla, totalling 25 species. The comparatively high ascidian species count (69) can be attributed to the extensive ascidian KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA 347 FIGURE 1 Brachiopoda locations (4 locations), Annelida (2) and Platyhelminthes (1). The Project Area boundary is marked in grey. Map projection: GDA94, Scale: 1:6, 250,000. FIGURE 2 Sipuncula locations (11 locations). The Project Area boundary is marked in grey. Map projection: GDA94, Scale: 1:6, 250,000. 348 C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY FIGURE 3 Cnidaria locations (28 locations). The Project Area boundary is marked in grey. Map projection: GDA94, Scale: 1:6, 250,000. FIGURE 4 Chordata locations (17 locations). The Project Area boundary is marked in grey. Map projection: GDA94, Scale: 1:6, 250,000. KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA FIGURE 5 349 Bryozoa locations (9 locations). The Project Area boundary is marked in grey. Map projection: GDA94, Scale: 1:6, 250,000. research of Dr. Patricia Mather (née Kott) (12 December 1925 – 4 January 2012). Kott (2006) noted that ascidians from Australian waters are known from relatively few locations and few specimens, with some known only from type specimens. Kott (2008b) reported that of the 50 known species previously recorded from Western Australia and/or adjacent locations only 21 were taken more than once. Examination of Kott’s papers relevant to tropical Australia (Kott 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008a, 2008b, 2009) reveal that ascidian collections, albeit far from comprehensive, were obtained from trawl and sled surveys along the north-west Australian continental edge and slope. However, very little material, other than from opportunistic collecting, was made from remote coastal Kimberley waters. The Bryozoa, Platyhelminthes, Cnidaria and Chordata had a greater number of species from offshore compared to inshore locations, and in all cases the majority of species originated from the continental edge atoll, Ashmore Reef. Ashmore was visited by both WAM (Berry, 1993) and MAGNT (Russell et al. 2005) who conducted museum surveys, and separately by individual researchers during the 1980s and 1990s. These phyla were collected incidentally. Twelve bryozoan species were reported in this synthesis. The British Museum collections hold over 200 bryozoan specimens from the Kimberley region, including Holothuria Bank (Cook 1965). In her paper, Cook predicted a high proportion of free-living conical bryozoan species would be represented in tropical Australian habitats similar to those found at Holothuria Bank. This habitat, consisting of sand, mud and shell, is common at many inshore Kimberley locations (Bryce personal observation) yet to be surveyed for bryozoans. In seven previously published reports from the Kimberley (Berry 1986; Johnstone 1990; Berry 1993; Brown and Skewes 2005; Russell et al. 2005; Willan 2005; Bryce 2009), and six unpublished reports (Wells 1989; Morgan 1992; Wells et al. 1995; Walker et al. 1996; Bryce et al. 1997; Walker 1997), none reported on any of the seven phyla included in this paper, although these records represent collecting effort on these expeditions. The current survey work (2009–2014) by WAM and partner agencies has also not incorporated these phyla into survey methodology. This can be attributed to a lack of taxonomic expertise for these phyla and collection logistical constraints. However, it also highlights that biodiversity surveys still C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY 350 focus on more abundant, and higher profile taxa, such as Scleractinian corals and fishes. Future research into these seven phyla is necessary to provide a more complete assessment of biodiversity in Kimberley marine habitats and bioregions. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors wish to thank the colleagues who thought to collect the specimens contained in these datasets. We extend special thanks to Stacey Osborne and Albert Miles for their indefatigable databasing and data checking skills. Woodside Energy is acknowledged for their support of this project. We thank two reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. REFERENCES Berry, P.F. (ed.) (1986). 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Marine biodiversity of the Kimberley 1880s–2009. Records of the Western Australian Museum. Supplement 84. Morgan, G.J. (ed.) (1992). Survey of the aquatic fauna of the Kimberley islands and reefs, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum: Perth. Unpublished Report. Pyke, G. and Ehrlich, P. (2010). Biological collections and ecological/environmental research: a review, some observations and a look to the future. Biological Reviews 85: 247–266. Richards, Z.T., Sampey, A. and Marsh, L. (2014). Kimberley marine biota. Historical data: scleractinian corals. Records of the Western Australian Museum. Supplement 84: 111–132. Russell, B.C., Larson, H.K., Hutchins, J.B. and Allen, G.R. (2005). Reef fishes of the Sahul Shelf. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory Supplement 1: 83–105. Sampey, A., Bryce, C., Osborne, S. and Miles, A. (2014). Kimberley marine biota. Historical data: introduction and methods. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 84: 19–43. Walker, D.I., Wells, F.E. and Hanley, J.R. (eds) (1996). Survey of the marine biota of the eastern Kimberley, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum: Perth. Unpublished Report. Walker, D.I. (ed.) (1997). Marine biological survey of the central Kimberley coast, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum: Perth. Unpublished Report. Wells, F.E. (ed.) (1989). Survey of the invertebrate fauna of the Kimberley islands, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum: Perth. Unpublished Report. Wells, F.E., Hanley, J.R. and Walker, D. I. (eds) (1995). Survey of the marine biota of the southern Kimberley islands, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum: Perth. Unpublished Report. Willan, R.C. (2005). The molluscan fauna from the emergent reefs of the northernmost Sahul Shelf, Timor Sea — Ashmore, Cartier and Hibernia Reefs; biodiversity and zoogeography. 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World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (2014). http://www.marinespecies.org/index.php (accessed 30 July 2016–18 January 2017). Phylum: Brachiopoda (Figure 1) Class: Lingulata Family: Lingulidae Lingula adamsi Dall, 1873 Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801 ● ● Class: Rhynchonellata Family: Laqueidae Frenulina sanguinolenta (Gmelin, 1791) ● ● Total Brachiopoda species 3 Brachiopoda species inshore / offshore Brachiopoda species inshore and offshore Number Brachiopoda locations 3 1 5 Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Inshore Offshore Taxa 1 1 ● 1 Family: Candidae Caberea sp. ● 1 Family: Catenicellidae Catenicella sp. ● Family: Lepraliellidae Celleporaria sp. ● ● 1 Family: Margarettidae Margaretta sp. ● 1 1 1 1 351 ● 1 1 Phylum: Bryozoa (Figure 5) Class: Gymnolaemata Family: Adeonidae Adeonellopsis sp. Family: Electridae Conopeum sp. 1 1 1 KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA APPENDIX 1 Species inventory for the seven phyla in this report, with summed data for voucher locations (OS = offshore). Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Offshore Inshore Family: Petraliellidae Mucropetraliella sp. ● 1 Family: Phidoloporidae Iodictyum sp. ● Triphyllozoon moniliferum (MacGillivray, 1860) ● Triphyllozoon tubulatum (Busk, 1884) ● ● 1 1 Family: Schizoporellidae Stylopoma viride (Thornely, 1905) ● Family: Colatooeciidae Cigclisula occlusa (Busk, 1884) ● Total Bryozoa species Bryozoa species inshore / offshore Bryozoa species inshore and offshore Number Bryozoa locations 12 4 10 2 9 Phylum: Annelida (Figure 1) Class: Clitellata Family: Ozobranchidae Ozobranchus sp. ● Class: Oligochaeta Family: Tubificidae Heterodrilus devexus Erséus, 1997 ● Class: Polychaeta Family: Bonelliidae Pseudobonellia biuterina Johnston & Tiegs, 1919 ● Total Annelida species Annelida species inshore / offshore Annelida species inshore and offshore Number Annelida locations 3 3 0 2 1 1 352 Taxa 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY 1 ● ● Total Platyhelminthes species 2 Platyhelminthes species inshore / offshore 0 Platyhelminthes species inshore and offshore0 Number Platyhelminthes locations 1 Phylum: Sipuncula (Figure 2) Class: Phascolosomatidea Family: Aspidosiphonidae Aspidosiphon laevis Quatrefages, 1865 Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Offshore Inshore Phylum: Platyhelminthes (Figure 1) Class: Rhabditophora Family: Planoceridae sp. cf. Pseudocerotidae sp. 1 1 2 ● Family: Phascolosomatidae Phascolosoma arcuatum (Gray, 1828) Phascolosoma nigrescens (Keferstein, 1865) ● ● ● Class: Sipunculidea Family: Golfingiidae Nephasoma diaphanes corrugatum Cuttler & Cutler, 1986 ● Family: Themistidae Themiste lageniformis (Baird, 1868) ● Total Sipuncula species Sipuncula species inshore / offshore Sipuncula species inshore and offshore Number Sipuncula locations 5 4 2 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA Taxa 1 1 1 1 1 353 Phylum: Cnidaria (Figure 3) Class: Anthozoa Order: Actiniaria Family: Actiniidae Entacmaea quadricolor (Leuckart in Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828) Macrodactyla doreensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Offshore Inshore ● 1 1 1 ● 1 ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 1 ● ● 1 Family: Thalassianthidae Cryptodendrum adhaesivum Klunzinger, 1877 Heterodactyla hemprichii Ehrenberg, 1834 ● ● 1 1 1 Order: Antipatharia Family: Antipathidae Antipathes sp. Cirrhipathes sp. ● ● 1 1 Family: Phymanthidae Phymanthus muscosus Haddon & Shackleton, 1893 Family: Stichodactylidae Heteractis crispa (Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, 1834) Heteractis malu (Haddon & Shackleton, 1893) Stichodactyla gigantea (Forskål, 1775) Stichodactyla haddoni (Saville-Kent, 1893) Stichodactyla mertensii Brandt, 1835 Stichodactyla tapetum (Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, 1834) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY ● ● 1 354 Taxa ● Class: Cubozoa Order: Carybdeida Family: Carybdeidae Alatina alata (Reynaud, 1830) ● Family: Chirodropidae Chironex fleckeri Southcott, 1956 1 1 ● Family: Stylasteridae Distichopora violacea (Pallas, 1766) Stylaster tenisonwoodsi Cairns, 1988 ● ● 1 1 1 ● 1 ● ● 1 1 Order: Leptothecata Family: Plumulariidae Macrorhynchia philippina Kirchenpauer, 1872 ● Family: Aglaopheniidae Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux, 1816 ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 355 Family: Sertulariidae Sertularella sp. 1 ● Class: Hydrozoa Order: Anthoathecata Family: Solanderiidae Solanderia secunda (Inaba, 1892) Family: Milleporidae Millepora intricata Milne Edwards,1860 Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Offshore Inshore Order: Zoantharia Family: Zoanthidae Zoanthus coppingeri Haddon & Shackleton, 1891 KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA Taxa ● Class: Scyphozoa Order: Rhizostomae Family: Catostylidae Crambione cf. mastigophora Maas, 1903 ● Family: Lychnorhizidae Pseudorhiza haeckeli (Haacke, 1884) ● Total Cnidaria species Cnidaria species inshore / offshore Cnidaria species inshore and offshore Number Cnidaria locations 27 14 17 4 28 Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Offshore Inshore Order: Siphonophorae Family: Physaliidae Physalia physalis (Linnaeus, 1758) 356 Taxa 1 1 1 ● Family: Didemnidae Didemnum albopunctatum Sluiter, 1909 Didemnum aratore Kott, 2004 Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1816 Didemnum domesticum Kott, 2004 Didemnum fragile Sluiter, 1909 Didemnum fuscum Sluiter, 1909 Didemnum lillipution Kott, 2004 Didemnum membranaceum Sluiter, 1909 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY Phylum: Chordata (Figure 4) Class: Ascidiacea Family: Clavelinidae Clavelina arafurensis Tokioka, 1952 Clavelina meridionalis (Herdman, 1891) Clavelina moluccensis (Sluiter, 1904) Clavelina robusta Kott, 1990 Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham ● ● ● 1 1 1 ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ● 1 ● ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 357 Family: Holozoidae Distaplia mikropnoa (Sluiter, 1909) Hypodistoma deerratum (Sluiter, 1895) Sigillina signifera (Sluiter, 1909) Sycozoa seiziwadai Tokioka, 1952 Offshore Inshore Didemnum molle (Herdman, 1886) ● Didemnum nekozita Tokioka, 1967 Didemnum precocinum Kott, 2001 ● Didemnum psammatodes (Sluiter, 1895) ● Didemnum rota Kott, 2004 Didemnum usitatum Kott, 2004 Didemnum vesperi Kott, 2004 Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841) Diplosoma versicolor Monniot, 1994 Diplosoma virens (Hartmeyer, 1909) ● Leptoclinides rigidus Kott, 2001 Leptoclinides sulawesi F & C Monniot, 1996 Lissoclinum badium F & C Monniot, 1996 Lissoclinum bistratum (Sluiter, 1905) ● Lissoclinum patella (Gottschaldt, 1898) ● Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001 Lissoclinum taratara F & C Monniot, 1987 Polysyncraton arvum Kott, 2004 Polysyncraton catillum Kott, 2004 Polysyncraton niveum Kott, 2004 Trididemnum cyclops Michaelsen, 1921 Trididemnum discrepans (Sluiter, 1909) Trididemnum farrago Kott, 2004 Trididemnum miniatum Kott, 1977 Trididemnum pigmentatum Kott, 2001 ● Trididemnum savignii (Herdman, 1886) KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA Taxa Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Offshore Inshore Family: Polycitoridae Cystodytes dellechiajei (Della Valle, 1877) Eudistoma amplum (Sluiter, 1909) ● ● 1 1 Family: Polyclinidae Aplidium clivosum Kott, 1992 Polyclinum tsutsuii Tokioka, 1954 ● ● 1 1 ● ● 1 Family: Ascidiidae Ascidia archaia Sluiter, 1890 Ascidia capillata Sluiter, 1887 Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895 Ascidia latesiphonica Hartmeyer, 1922 1 ● 1 1 ● Family: Corellidae Rhodosoma turcicum (Savigny, 1816) ● 1 Family: Perophoridae Ecteinascidia sluiteri Herdman, 1906 Perophora modificata Kott, 1985 ● ● 1 1 ● 1 Family: Pyuridae Herdmania momus (Savigny, 1816) Microcosmus helleri Herdman, 1881 Pyura arenosa (Herdman, 1881) ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 1 ● ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 1 ● 1 C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY Family: Molgulidae Molgula ficus (MacDonald, 1859) Family: Styelidae Botrylloides leachii (Savigny, 1816) Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766) Botryllus tuberatus Ritter & Forsyth, 1917 Cnemidocarpa areolata (Heller, 1878) Polycarpa argentata (Sluiter, 1890) 358 Taxa Polycarpa hartmeyeri Michaelsen, 1927 Polycarpa papillata (Sluiter, 1886) Polycarpa pigmentata (Herdman, 1906) Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816) Symplegma bahraini C & F Monniot, 1997 Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904) Symplegma rubra Monniot, 1972 ● ● 1 ● ● 1 1 ● ● ● 1 1 1 1 69 19 54 4 17 Total species Total species inshore / offshore Total species inshore and offshore 121 47 86 12 1 KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA Total Chordata species Chordata species inshore / offshore Chordata species inshore and offshore Number Chordata locations Adele Island Ashmore Reef OS Augustus Island Beagle Bay Bedford Island Broome Camden Sound Cape Jaubert Cape Leveque Careening Bay Cartier Island OS Cassini Island Cockatoo Island Derby Freshwater Bay Gregory Island Heritage Reef James Price Point Jones Island Koolan Island Kurri Bay Lacepede Islands Lesueur Island Long Reef Lord Island Macleay Island Medusa Banks Montague Sound Montgomery Reef Napier Broome Bay Naturalists Beach One Arm Point Parry Harbour Port Warrender Powerful Island Rogers Strait Rowley Shoals OS Scorpion Island Scott Reef OS Seringapatam Reef OS Sunday Island Wailgwin Island Willie Creek Wyndham Offshore Inshore Taxa 359 C. BRYCE AND A. SAMPEY 360 1 ● -12.22469 123.01342 1986-2002 77 3 ● Augustus I -15.39967 124.57206 1991 1 1 Beagle Bay -16.91552 122.49213 1988 1 1 Bedford Island -16.14178 123.31799 1989 1 1 Broome -17.97570 122.23610 1921–2002 13 6 Camden Sound -15.54621 124.48663 1957 1 1 Cape Jaubert -18.94047 121.55237 1983 2 1 Cape Leveque -16.40726 122.91059 1978, 1988 4 2 Careening Bay -15.10048 125.02444 1998 2 1 Cartier IslandOS -12.52797 123.55047 1992, 1996 2 2 Cassini Island -13.93935 125.62679 1991, 1998 1 2 Cockatoo Island -16.09227 123.59561 1961 1 1 ● Derby -17.32932 123.66716 1975 1 1 ● Freshwater Bay -13.99410 126.19765 1913 1 1 ● Gregory Island -16.31567 123.31276 1989 1 1 ● Heritage Reef -14.24354 125.15063 1991 1 1 ● James Price Point -17.47943 122.14527 1977 2 1 ● Jones Island -13.73949 126.35175 1991 1 1 Koolan Island -16.13496 123.74915 1978, 1986 1 2 Kuri Bay -15.47389 124.51000 1964 2 1 Lacepede Islands -16.86275 122.14051 1982 1 1 ● ● Lesueur Island -13.80000 127.25000 1991 4 1 ● ● Long Reef -13.88209 125.77734 1991 1 1 Lord Island -16.15860 123.46530 1991 5 1 ● ● Macleay Island -15.94149 123.69954 1996 1 1 ● Medusa Banks -14.65195 128.33742 1963 1 1 ● Montague Sound -14.33330 125.55830 1976 1 1 Montgomery Reef -15.93150 124.20481 1990 1 1 Napier Broome Bay -14.05931 126.62001 1991 1 1 Naturalists Beach -15.02600 125.35556 1988 2 1 ● One Arm Point -16.43959 123.06824 1975 3 1 ● Ashmore Reef ● ● Chordata 3 Cnidaria 1990 Platyhelminthes 123.15976 OS Annelida Number collection events -15.49707 Adele Island Sipuncula Collection years Location Bryozoa Longitude (Decimal Degrees) Brachiopoda Latitude (Decimal Degrees) Species count APPENDIX 2 Location and collection data for specimens included in this report (OS = offshore). ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● KIMBERLEY MARINE BIOTA. HISTORICAL DATA: ADDITIONAL PHYLA 2 1 Port Warrender -14.52651 125.84677 1976 1 1 Powerful Island -16.08331 123.44091 1991 1 1 Rogers Strait -15.44165 124.61670 1990 1 1 ● -17.33581 119.33294 1982 11 1 ● Scorpion Island -13.86664 126.60000 1982 1 1 Scott ReefOS -14.05426 121.78070 1984 8 1 Seringapatam ReefOS -13.65903 122.04328 1984, 1998 2 2 Sunday Island -16.42605 123.18445 1991 5 1 Wailgwin Island -15.53083 124.40167 1988 1 1 Willie Creek -17.76360 122.21371 1975 1 1 Wyndham -15.46387 128.12179 1980 1 1 Rowley Shoals OS Total collecting events 56 Chordata 1991 Cnidaria 126.08002 Platyhelminthes -13.96987 Annelida Number collection events Parry Harbour Sipuncula Collection years Bryozoa Longitude (Decimal Degrees) Brachiopoda Location Latitude (Decimal Degrees) Species count 361 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●