We present an updated, subjective list of the extant, non-marine ostracod genera and species of the world, with their distributions in the major zoogeographical regions, as well as a list of the genera in their present hierarchical taxonomic positions. The list includes all taxa described and taxonomic alterations made up to 1 July 2018. Taxonomic changes include 17 new combinations, 5 new names, 1 emended specific name and 11 new synonymies (1 tribe, 4 genera, 6 species). Taking into account the recognized synonymies, there are presently 2330 subjective species of non-marine ostracods in 270 genera. The most diverse family in non-marine habitats is the Cyprididae, comprising 43.2% of all species, followed by the Candonidae (29.0%), Entocytheridae (9.1%) and the Limnocytheridae (7.0%). An additional 13 families comprise the remaining 11.8% of described species. The Palaearctic zoogeographical region has the greatest number of described species (799), followed by the Afrotropical reg...

Cythere acanthoderma Brady was described from Recent sediments collected from all world's oceans during the HMS Challenger expedition in the 1870s. Subsequently, this species has been recorded in at least 27 publications, extending its stratigraphical range from the Recent back into the Upper Eocene, its zoogeographical range from Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Arctic and Southern oceans, and its bathymetric range from the continental shelf (> 400 m) to deeper regions of the abyss (> 5000 m). Importantly, C. acanthoderma was erected the type species of the widespread and abundant, deep-sea genus LegitimocythereColes and Whatley, 1989. For the present publication, all the specimens of Legitimocythere acanthoderma housed in the Natural History Museum in London were re-studied. Based on the type material and on previous publications, L. acanthoderma is revised, re-diagnosed and re-illustrated with scanning electron microscopy. Twenty-two specimens are, herein, as Henryhowella, Tr...