C R U S T A C E A N R E S E A R C H， N O . 26: 3 8‑ 46 ，1997 Janetogα ， lathea， a n e w genus of squat lobster， with redescription of its type species Galatheα californiensis Benedict， 1902 ( A nomura: Galatheidae) K e討i B a b a a n d M a r y K . W i c k s t e n Abstract. ‑ Janetogalathea ， a new genus， is proposed for Gα tαtheαcali‑ 1902. It is differen. forniensis Benedict， tiated 仕 o m G α latheαb y a n ill.defined flattish rostrum laterally bearing a orbit， small basal and two large anterior spines， third thoracic sternite anteriorly nar‑ r o w e d a n d contiguous with laterally e玄 panded preceding sternite， and anten. nal peduncle fused with the orbit. Benedict's species from the remainder of species. Close examination the Gα lαtheα of the type as well as other material m a d e available for study of his species ， how‑ ever ， discloses additional characters that define it. D u e to the brevity of previous descrip‑ tions (Benedict，1902; Schmitt，1921) ，a full species account is provided. Color notes are taken from transparencies m a d e b y Karen Light ，Monterey B a y A q u a r i u m ，from a living specimen in Introduction captivity. Gα lα the αcα liforniensis Benedict ， T h e measurements indicated s h o w 1902 ， a galatheid confined to the coast of postorbital carapace length. Califomia and vicinity， is lmown to have a The abbreviations used include: Pl‑4， rostrum quite unusual in the genus pereopods 1‑4 (P1 ， cheliped; P 2‑4， walk‑ Gα lαtheα. T his unique character provok‑ ing legs 1‑3); G 1， gonopod 1; G 2 ， gonopod ed a debate between Janet Haig and one 2. ofus (KB) during a visit o f K B to the Allan Hancock Foundation in 1989 as to the Jαnetogα ， tαtheαn e w genus generic position ofthe species. It was then concluded that the species should be Di agnosis. ‑ Carapace with distinct placed in a genus different than Gα lαtheα， elevated transverse ridges o n dorsal but this proposal has not been submitted surface. Rostrum flattish， subtriangular; to date. In the meantime ， eight galatheid lateral margin usually with 1 small basal genera have been established (Baba ， and 2 large anterior spines. Pair of epi‑ 1991 ，1993; B a b a & de Saint Laurent ， gastric spines well developed， each spine 1996) since the publication ofBaba (1988) situated directly behind anterior second 血 which 16 genera were recognized in the large lateral spine of rostrum. Third Galatheidae. H o w e v e r ，the species in thoracic stemite narrow， expanded later‑ question still cannot be placed in any of ally ， following sternite subtriangular ， the k n o w n genera. W e propose ， J αneto narrowed anterioI匂. Orbit not distinctly gα lαtheαt o include it， a n e w genus dedi‑ excavated ， without lateral angle. A ntenω .9ted to the late Janet Haig w h o contri‑ nular basal segment with 3 spines (2 b u t e d m u c h to our k n o w l e d g e of distal and 1 subdistal) ， all well developed， Galatheoidea. subdistal in particular . A n t e n n a l T h e structure of the rostrum might peduncle having basal segment fused seem to be the sole character to separate with orbit. Male with G 1 and G2. ・ c N E WG E N U S O FSQUATLOBSTER Fig. 1. JIαnetogα ， lαtheα cαlifomiensis (Benedict， 1902)， paralectotype， ov. 20551. Scale = 5 m m . 39 cl，13.7 m m， USNM K. BABA & M .K. WICKSTEN 40 W S W of Gull Island， California， 258 m ， 17 J u n. 1969 ， ship N /B prawn set Velero III Sta 1276‑41 ， 44; 1 <jl 18.8 m m ， Gender. ‑ Feminine. loose rock and sponge bottom ， 10.75 miles (1 9 .91 k m ) west of Point D u m e ， Cali‑ tαtheαcαliforniensis Jαnetogα fornia ， 87‑89 m ， 23 M a r. 1941; 4 O 6.2‑ (Benedict， 1902) 3 <jl 5.9‑17.1 m m ， 6 juveniles 14.1 m m ， 2.5‑4.0 m m ，Velero III Sta 1385‑41 ， Figs.1‑3 crinoids and sponges ，13‑ Gα lαtheα cαliforniensis Benedict，1902:247 ， a m o n g rocks ， 16. 5 miles (24. 0‑30.6 k m ) S S E of East fig. 1 ‑ type‑locality:Channel Islands off 150 企ns Point ，Santa Rosa Island ，California ， 10s A ngeles (A1batross Sta 2946)， (275 m).‑ Schmitt ，1921: 164 ，fig. 104 131‑140 m ，25 Aug. 1941; 2 O 6 .4， 15.5 (between Monterey and Cerros" (? = m m ，5 <jl 5.2‑19 .4 m m ，Velero 111 Sta Cedros) Island， Baja California，104‑3993 1435‑41 ，m u d a n d sponge bottom ，1. 5 m).‑ Wicksten， 1982: 245. (between Pt. off 165‑500 miles (2.8 k m ) S W of Gull Island ， Conception and A nacapa Island， California ， 89 m ， 8 1987:50 (California and Santa Cruz Island ， m).‑ Wicksten ， GulfofCalifornia，101‑104 m ). Nov. 1941; 5 O 8.5‑ 17.5 m m ，Velero I V Sta 2062 51 ， 6.7 miles (1 2 .4 k m ) N N W of Material. ‑ N A T I O N A L M U S E U M O F North Light， Santa Barbara Island， Cali‑ N A T U R A L HISTORY， W A S H I N G T O N， DC: 4 fornia， 258・299 m ， 18 Oct. 1951; 2 O 15.3 ， O 6.6ー 25.1 m m ， 8 ov. <jl 7.ι2 1.5 m m ， 3 <jl 19.7 m m ，1 <jl 15 .5 m m ，Velero I V Sta 1 1. 6‑13.4 m m ， syntypes of G . califor‑ 11838 67 ， taken with scalpellid barnacle niensis (ov. <jl 16.2 m m is selected as 8 miles (14.8 k m ) 283 0 true and hydroids ， lectotype and the others are paralecto from south end of Isla S a n Lorenzo ， Gulf types) ，U S N M 20551 ，off Santa Cruz of California， Mexico ， 7 9 ι1 0 1 5 m ， 2 Dec. Island ，California ，150 f m (275 m ). ‑ 1967; 1 O 17.5 m m ， Velero I V Sta 22680・ M O N T E R E Y B A Y A Q U A R I U M : 1 O 29.2 75 ， taken in b e a m trawl ， 6.16 miles (11.4 taken in baited shrlmp trap ， Carmel m m， k m ) ，45 0 true to Newport Beach pier ， California， 189‑240 m ， 1996 (no Canyon， California， 358 m ， 12 Sept. 1975. date). ‑ CALIFORNIA A C A D E M Y O F SCI‑ E N C E S:1ov. ， ♀ 24.8 m m ， C A S 106791 ， on Description. ‑ Carapace excluding Santa Cruz， California， 1 Feb.1963 ， rostrum slightly longer than wide; dorsal rock， coll.A. Sorensen; 5 O 9.1‑17.2 m m ， 2 <jl surface with setiferous elevated tran‑ 10.7 ，28.0 m m ，Cat. No. 004150 ，soft sverse ridges as figured; first (anterior‑ brownish shale ， on bank north of Santa most) ridge with pair of spines rather Barbara Island， California， 14 Sept.1938 ， distantly separated ， each spine situated ship Z α ，cα . ‑ L O S A N G E L E S C O U N T Y directly behind anterior second lateral M U S E U M O F N A T U R A L H I S T O R Y: 1 O spine of rostrum;cervical groove distinct. 29.2 m m ， L A C M N H 2076‑1 ， off Santa Lateral margins moderately convex， bear‑ Barbara Island ，California ， in gill net ， ing 3 spines in front of cervical groove: 102‑111 m ，27 J u n. 1980 ， boat Galα ‑ anterolateral spine prominent ，directed pagos;1 O 32.6 m m， vicinity of Guadalupe straight forward ，overreaching sinus Island ， Baja California (Pacific side) ， between anterior 2 rostrallateral spines ， Me.玄ico， Mar. 1970， taken by fishermen; 5 followed behind by small one situated at O 26.2‑3 1. 3 m m 1 ov. 26.0 m m 3.8 midlength of hepatic margin between miles (7.0 k m ) S S W of west end， A nacapa anterolateral spine and cervical groove ， Island ， California ， 240 m ， 17 J u n. 1969 ， and another distinct spine ventral to it; 5 ship N /B Scoβ ， eld ， prawn set 40 ， Acc.No. posteriorly diminishing spines on ante‑ 1969・9; 1 O 28.5 m m ，1. 3 miles (2 .4 k m ) rior branchial region ，last one rarely T y p e species . ‑ Gα latheαcα lifor‑ niensis Benedict， 1902. ・ ・ ・ ， ， N E WG E N U S O FSQUATLOBSTER 41 obsolete. mesial rows of large spines， 2 dorsal rows triangular ， lateral of small spines ，1 ventrolateral row of Rostrum flattish ， margin with 1 small basal spine (rarely 2 small spines; and several spines in 2 rows or absent) and 2 (rarely 3) anterior spines on distal portion of lateral surface; carpus with 2 dorsal 田 ld 2 lateral rows of spines， usually prominent and deeply incised. Orbit not hollowed out ， laterally ill‑ 3 pronounced sp泊 es (2 mesial ，1 ventra， )l defined without 田l Y process. and scattered tubercles or often small Sternal plastron as figured ，third spines on ventrolateral surface; p a l m distinctly shorter thoracic sternite relatively short and somewhat depressed ， anter叫 aterally produced， following than fingers ，with 6 rows of spines (1 wide ， sternite anteriorly narrowed ，medially dorsal， 2 lateral ， 2 mesial and 1 ventral); depressed ，with long stiff setae as fingers proximally gaping in large males (more than 29.2 m m long) ， usually not illustrated. Pterygostomian flap not acuminate gaping in females and small males (even in specimen 25.1 m m long) ， distally de‑ anteriorly， ending in small spine. Abdominal segments 1‑2 with pair of flexed ，opposable margins with inter‑ gonopods. Tergites 2‑ 4 each with 2 seti‑ meshing teeth ，movable finger with 2 1 ventral) along ferous transverse ridges well elevated; rows of spines (1 dorsal ， mesial margin ， fixed finger with row of smooth elsewhere. Eyes moderate in size ， not strongly spines along dorsolateral margin. P2‑4 relatively slender ， sparsely se‑ dilated compared to eyestalk. Antennular basal segment with 2 tose; meri and propodi posteriorly dimin‑ distal a n d 1 subdistal spines ，former ishing in length; meri with row of dorso‑ distomesial and distolateral in mesial spines and 1 distal ventrolateral subequal ， ventral surface with row of spines position ，latter strongest and situated spine ， dorsally; distoventral margin between 2 distinct along mesial margin on P 2 only; distal spines bearing a few very small carpi with row of dorsolateral spines spines in small specimens ，moderate‑ paralleling row of flexor marginal spines; propodi with 7 small movable spines on sized spine 泊 large specimens. 6 or 7 on P 3 ， 5 or 6 on A ntennal peduncles having first (bas‑ flexor margin on P 2， a l) segment fused with orbit ，broadly P4; a few small fixed spines present on obsolescent on small produced ventrally， terminating in small large specimens ， spine; second segment with small disto‑ specimens ，on proximal portion of ex‑ mesial 田 ld somewhat larger distolateral tensor margin; dactyls having flexor margin convex， with seta‑like corneous ， spines; third segment unarmed. movable sp泊 es ， 9‑10 in number Maxilliped 3 bearing long stiff setae on inclined， on P2‑3 ， 8 on P 4 ， each arising from low merus a n d carpus; ischium relatively process ， ultimate one m u c h finer and thick ，nearly as long as merus ，flexor nearly contiguous with margin. margin with well‑developed distal spine ， Epipods absent 合o m all pereopods. mesial ridge with 23‑25 denticles; merus having flexor margin with prominent Color. ‑ Reddish on m u c h of surface ， median spine a n d small subterminal carapace with white transverse stripes spine proximal to rounded distal end ， along main transverse ridges and white extensor margin with 2 small spines ， background on pereopods (Fig. 3). distal one terminal， proximal one situated Habitat. ‑ Found on rock or a m o n g at distal third of length; carpus unarmed. with coarse setae moder‑ rocks; soft brownish shale; loose rock and P 1 spinose ， ate in density; merus and carpus sub‑ sponge; m u d and sponge; crinoids and cyl泊 drical; merus with 5 rows of spines:2 sponges. K .BABA & M .K. WICKSTEN 42 hhdJJ ¥ 11 C に く L山 'J...LJiJIJJJ . ¥i¥JI¥./ d 1一 一 一 一 一 2 3 4 ?152.Jamtogalatheα californiensis (Benedict， 1902)， paralectotypes ， U S N M 20551; a，c， ov. 12.7 mm; b，d，e，ov. c 15.3mm;{‑h，J 25.1 same;c， same ， right side showing orbit， dorsolateral view; d ， anterior part of sternal plastron ， ventral view; e， antennule ， antenna and eye， ventral view; f， endopod of right maxilliped 3 ， lateral view; g ， P 2， distal two segments ， lateral view;h ， same， dactyl. Scales = 5 m m;scale 1 for g; scale 2 for f; scale 3 for α ，b，e， h; scale 4 for c， d. N E W G E N U S O F S Q U A T LOBSTER Size. ‑ Males ， 6.2‑32.6 m m ; ovigerous females ，12 .2‑26.0 m m; nonovigerous females ， 5.2‑28.0 m m. 0.50 x 0.54 ‑ 0.52 x 0.56 m m . O v a， Range.‑ Restricted to the west coasts of America and Mexico : Monterey ，be‑ tween Pt. Conception and the Channel Islands ， Guadalupe Island off Baja Cali‑ fornia ，Cerros (? = Cedros) Island ， and Gulf of California off Isla S a n Lorenzo a n d Isla S a n Pedro Nolasco; taken in depths between 89 田 ld 3993 m. Remarks.‑ In a previous paper (Baba & de Saint Laurent， 1996)田 1 attempt was m a d e to divide the family Galatheidae into two groups: one bearing G 1 and G 2 出 ld the other lacking G1. The systematic importance of this feature still remains unclear.This species belongs to the for‑ m e r group. T he carapace ornamentation ， general a n d armature of features of rostrum ， maxilliped 3 a n d P 2 ‑ 4 are similar in Gαlatheαa n d ， J αnetogα lαtheα. However， the latter is characterized by the fol‑ lowing particulars: the orbit not exca‑ vated， with its laterallimit ill‑defined and not produced ， the rostrum bearing two large lateral spines flanked b y a small basal spine ，the antennal peduncle hav‑ ing the first (basal) segment fused with the orbit ，thoracic sternite 3 laterally widened and contiguous with the ante‑ riorly narrowed next sternite ，a pair of epigastric spines widely separated from each other ，and the prominent antero‑ lateral spine overreaching the sinus between the rostrallateral spines ， all of which are distinctly different from the former. T h e ill‑defined lateral limit of orbit fused with the first segment of the 田 lten‑ nal peduncle and the widely separated epigastric spines are also possessed by Pleuroncodes Stimpson ，1860. But the n e w genus is readily distinguished from that genus by the flattish rostrum armed with lateral spines and the antennular 43 basal segment lacking a small lateral spme. Relationships between the n e w genus andLeiogα lαtheαB a b a ， 1969 ， are rather distant in the rostral shape and ornamen‑ tation of the carapace but they share the laterally ill‑defined orbit. In fact ，how‑ ever ，the orbit in Leiogα 1α thea is well excavated as 註lGα lαtheα . N 0 male is k n o w n in N α ，nogα Jα theα Tirmizi & Javed ，1980. Other than the absence of rostral basal spines ， the genus shows overall affinities to Phylladio ・ rhynchus B a b a ，1969 ，in which G 1 is missing.The following is a key to genera ，neto bearing G 1 and G 2 ，including J α gα lαtheα.A key to genera lacking G 1 can be found in B a b a & de Saint Laurent (1996) . ・ K e y to genera of Galatheidae bearing G 1 組 d G 2 1 Eyes reduced. Maxilliped 1 without 1874 lash .… Munidopsis W h iteaves ， ‑ Eyes well developed. Maxilliped 1 with lash .・ ・ .....・ ・ ..……..・ ・・・ ..… .・. ・ .. 2 2 Rostrum spiniform .…..・ .. ・ .... . ・・ ..… . 3 ・・7 ‑ Rostrum triangular and flattish …・ 3 R o s t r u m with dorsal a n d ventral spines .. CervimunidαBenedict， 1902 ‑ Rostrum lacking dorsal and ventral spines ..・. ・・・ .....・・ .....・・・.・....・・ . .4 4 Rostral spine flanked b y 2 lateral ... SadayoshiαB a b a， 1969 spines .. ・・ ‑ Rostral spine flanked b y supraocular ..………..・ ・ ..… ...・ ・・・ .5 spine ..・. ・・・ 5 Pterygostomian flap visible in dorsal view … Pleuroncodes Stimpson ， 1960 ‑ Pterygostomian flap not visible in ・ ・ … ....・ ・ ‑… ....・ ・ ....・・ ... 6 dorsal view … 6 Lateral angle of orbit produced.P2‑4 meri u n a r m e d dorsally ，dactyls smooth on flexor margin …AnomoeomunidαB a b a， 1993 ‑ Lateral angle of orbit ill defined. P 2‑4 meri armed with dorsal spines ， dactyls H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 44 K. B A B A & M 目 K. W I C K S T E N Fig. 3.J α ，netogαlatheα cαliforniensis (Benedict，1902)，O 29.2 m m in captivity， taken in baited Carmel Canyon， Monterey County， California，189‑240 m ，1996:α， dorsal view;b ， shrimp trap， anterolateral view. Photographs by K aren Light. N E W G E N U S O F SQUAT LOBSTER with seta‑like spines on flexor margin . M u n i dαL e a c h， 1820 7 Carapace lacking setiferous ridges. Eyestalks n a町 o w a n d elongate . Fennerogα ， lαthea B a b a， 1988 ‑ Carapace bearing setiferous ridges. Eyestalks relatively wide 田 ld short …8 8 Second segment of antennal peduncle unarmed. P 2‑ 4 without dorsal spines on meri a n d c町下i . AllomunidαB a b a， 1988 ‑ Second segment of antennal peduncle with distomesial a n d distolateral spines. P 2 ‑ 4 with dorsal spines o n .9 . ・・ ...・・ ..・ ・ ....・. ・ meri a n d carpi … 9 Orbit not excavated. First segment of antennal pedunde fused with orbit .J，αnetogα lαtheαn e w genus ‑ Orbit excavated. First s e g m e n t of antennal pedunde 企ee 企o m orbit .. 10 10 Rostrum extremely elongate， ventrally with 5‑9 lateral sp泊 es carinate ， … ・ Allogα lαtheαB a b a， 1969 ‑ Rostrum moderate in length， usually flattish， with 2‑5 spines ・ . ・ ...・ ・ .11 11 Rostrum with reduced lateral spines. Carapace with obsolescent transverse ridges provided with coarse setae . Leiogα lαthea B a b a， 1969 ‑ Rostrum with distinct lateral spines. Carapace with setiferous transverse ridges ・ . ・ .GαlαtheαFabricius ， 1793 H H H H H H H H Acknowledgments K a r e n Light ， Monterey B a y Aquari‑ provided us with the color photo‑ u m， graphs. T h e study material w a s m a d e available b y Rafael Lemaitre of the Smithsonian Institution， George Davis of the Los A ngeles County M u s e u m ofNatu‑ ral History， a n d Robert V a n Syoc of the California A c a d e m y of Sciences. Part of the paralectotypes w a s sexed a n d meas‑ ured b y Lemaitre. T he manuscript bene‑ 45 五ted 企o m reviews b y Austin B. Williams of the N ational Marine Fisheries Service ， Washington ， D C， a n d Enrique Macpher‑ soil ofthe Centro de Estudios Avanzados d e Bl anes ， Gerona. T o all of t h e m w e e却 ress our appreciation. Literature Cited K.， 1969. Four n e w genera with their Baba， representatives and six n e w species of the Galatheidae in the collection of the Zoolo‑ Kyushu University， with gical Laboratory， redefinition of the genus Gα lαtheα. O h m u， Occasional Papers of the Zoological Labo‑ ratory，Faculty of Agriculture ，Kyushu University， 2(1):1‑32. 一 一一 一 ， 1988.Chirostylid and galatheid crust・ aceans (Decapoda: Anomura) of the Albatross" Philippine Expedition，1907‑ 1910. Reseαrches on Crusta沼α e ， The Carci‑ Special Number nological Society of Japan， 2: v + 203 pp. 一 一 一 一 ， 199 1. Crustacea Decapoda: Alainius new genus ， Leiogα ， lαtheαB a b a，1969， and Phyll αd i o r h y n c h u s B a b a ， 1 9 6 9 (Galatheidae) from N e w Caledonia. In: A. Crosnier， (ed.)， Resultats des Campagnes M U S O R S T O M ，Volume 9. Memoires du M u s e u m national d'Histoire naturelle ， Paris， Zoologie， 152: 479‑49 1. 一一一一，1993. Anomoeomunidα，a n e w genus proposed for Phyllαdiorhynchus α c ribensis M a y o ，1972 (Crustacea: Galatheidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington，106(1): 102‑105. 一 一 一 一 ， & de Saint Laurent，M. ，1996. Crus‑ tacea Decapoda: Revision of the genus BαthymunidαBalss， 1914， and description of six new related genera (Galatheidae).In: A. Crosnier (ed.)， Resultats des Campagnes M U S O R S T O M， Volume 15. Memoires du M u同 u m national d'Histoire naturelle ， Paris ，168:433‑502. Benedict，J .E.， 1902. Descriptions of a n e w genus and forty‑six n e w species of crust‑ aceans of the family Galatheidae ， with a list ofthe known marine species. Proceed‑ ings of the United States National Muse‑ 26:243‑334， figs.I‑47. u m， Fabricius ， J.C .， 1793. Entomologia systema‑ tica emendata et aucta secundum classes， ordines， genera， species 司jectis s戸 lon戸 nis ， locis ，observationibus ，descriptionibus. viii + 519 pp. ， Hafniae. Volume 2， Leach， W .E .， 1820. Galateadees. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles ， Paris， 18: 4ι56. 46 K. B A B A & M . K. W I C K S T E N Schmitt，W . L. ，192 1. T h e marine decapod Crustacea of California with special ref‑ erence to the decapod Crustacea collected b y the United States Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross" in connection with the biological survey of S a n Francisco B a y during the years 1012‑1913. University of California Publications in Zoology，23: 1‑ 359 ， pls. 1‑50. Stimpson， W .， 1860. Notes on North A merican in the M u s e u m of the Smith‑ Crustacea， sonian Institution，No. 11. A nnals of the Lyceum ofNatural His旬 ηo f N e w York， 7: 177‑246， pls. 2 ， 5. Tirmizi ， N . M . ，& Javed ， W .，1980. N α ，no‑ gα lα theαrαymondi ，a n e w genus a n d species of Galatheidae (Decapoda， A nom‑ ura) 企o m the B a y of Bengal. Crustaceana， 38(2): 127‑130. V o n Martens， E. ， 1878. Einige Crustaceen und Mollusken， welche das zoologische Muse‑ u m in letzter Zeit erhalten. Sitzungs‑ berichte der G esellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin，18 Juni 1878: 131‑135. Whiteaves ， J. F. ，1874. O n recent deep‑sea dredging operations in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. A merican Journal of Science， series 3， 7:210‑219. Wicksten， M .， 1982. Crustaceans 仕o m baited traps and gill nets off southern Califomia. Califomia Fish and G a m e ， 67(4): 24 248. 一 一 一 一 ー ， 1987 . Range extensions of offshore decapod crustaceans from California and westem Mexico. Califomia Fish and G a m e， 73(1): 5ι56. ← Addresses: (KB) K u m a m o t o University Faculty of Education ，2‑40‑1 K u r o k a m i ， K u m a m o t o 860， Japan; ( M K W ) Department of Biology，Texas A & M University ，College Station， τ'x 77843 ， U SA. E‑mails: (KB) keiji@即 o.kumamoto‑u.ac.jp; ( M K W ) wicksten@bio.tamu.edu