Actual checklist of Tardigrada species (2009-2019, 35th Edition: 31-07-2019) PETER DEGMA1 ROBERTO BERTOLANI 2 ROBERTO GUIDETTI 2 1 Department of Zoology, Comenius University according to Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6/B-1, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: degma@fns.uniba.sk 2 Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via campi 213/D, 41100 Modena, Italy; e-mail: roberto.bertolani@unimore.it, roberto.guidetti@unimore.it Introduction More than one thousand Tardigrada species were included in the published checklist (Guidetti, R. & Bertolani, R. 2005. Tardigrade taxonomy: an updated check list of the taxa and a list of characters for their identification. Zootaxa, 845, 1–46.) plus the additions and corrections to this checklist (Degma, P. & Guidetti, R. 2007. Notes to the current checklist of Tardigrada. Zootaxa, 1579, 41–53.). For practical reasons, we have joined these two papers (without comments added to particular taxa as well as without references published in these papers) into an accurate combined version of the checklists. We incorporated all taxonomical novelties in the current edition of the Checklist even if they were published just online. Then, following the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, we corrected the year of a taxon description in its print edition. This checklist is free for all users, but utilization of it requires the citation of the two original papers. This checklist is the platform for occasional upgrades (date of latest upgrade is in the title). All changes, additions and corrections in comparison with both papers are written in red font, the changings respect to the previous version of the checklist have yellow background. If you also use these changes, please also cite this checklist (Degma, P., Bertolani, R. & Guidetti, R. Actual checklist of Tardigrada species. http://www.tardigrada.modena.unimo.it /miscellanea/Actual%20checklist%20of%20Tardigrada.pdf, pp. 48. Accessed date). Currently there are 30 families, 142 genera, 1298 species and 34 additional subspecies included in the checklist. Please write us if you find any mistake or missing data in this checklist. Your help in its improvement will be acknowledged. Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Professor Clark Beasley (McMurry University, Abilene, Texas, U.S.A.) for his suggestions as well as for help with improving the English in the last version of the manuscript. We also thank to Nigel Marley (University of Plymouth, U.K.), Gary Grothman (St. Mary’s University, Calgary, Canada), Paulo Fontoura (University of Porto, Portugal), Harry Meyer (McNeese State University, Lake Charles, Louisiana, U.S.A.), Sandra McInnes (British Antarctic Survey, U.K.), Erica De Milio (National University of Ireland Galway), Łukasz Kaczmarek (Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland), Neil Redgate (Northern Highlands Ecological Research Centre, Castletown, U.K.), Myles O'Reilly (Scottish Environment Protection 1 Agency, Holytown, U.K.), Shinta Fujimoto (Tohoku University, Aomori, Japan), and Łukasz Michalczyk (Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland) for their valuable comments to this checklist. This study was partly supported by the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency (VEGA) (grant No. 1/3265/06 and 1/0294/09 to PD), by University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (50% FAR) and by Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Modena (MoDNA project: Morphology and DNA) to RB and RG. Checklist of Tardigrada (The assignment of synonyms are reported within square parenthesis ‘[ ]’. Amendments are reported within angle brackets ‘ < > ’. Comments are reported within brace parenthesis ‘ { } ’. The species written in bold characters are the genus type species) Phylum: TARDIGRADA Doyère, 1840 Class: HETEROTARDIGRADA Marcus, 1927 Order: ARTHROTARDIGRADA Marcus, 1927 Family: Archechiniscidae Binda, 1978 <Jørgensen et al. 2010 reconsider valid the family> [Archechiniscinae in Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo, 1987] Archechiniscus Schulz, 1953 Archechiniscus bahamensis Bartels, Fontoura & Nelson, 2018 Archechiniscus biscaynei Miller, Clark & C. Miller, 2012 Archechiniscus marci Schulz, 1953 Archechiniscus minutus Grimaldi de Zio & D'Addabbo Gallo, 1987 Archechiniscus symbalanus Chang & Rho, 1998 Family: Batillipedidae Ramazzotti, 1962 [Discopodidae Marcus, 1934] Batillipes Richters, 1909 Batillipes acaudatus Pollock, 1971 Batillipes acuticauda Menechella, Bulnes & Cazzaniga, 2015 Batillipes adriaticus Grimaldi de Zio, Morone De Lucia, D'Addabbo Gallo & Grimaldi, 1979 Batillipes africanus Morone De Lucia, D’Addabbo Gallo & Grimaldi de Zio, 1988 Batillipes algharbensis Santos, Rubal, Veiga, da Rocha & Fontoura, 2018 Batillipes amblypyge Menechella, Bulnes & Cazzaniga, 2017 Batillipes annulatus de Zio, 1962 Batillipes brasiliensis E. Santos, da Rocha, Gomes Jr. & Fontoura, 2017 Batillipes bullacaudatus McGinty & Higgins, 1968 Batillipes carnonensis Fize, 1957 2 Batillipes crassipes Tchesunov & Mokievsky, 1995 Batillipes dandarae E. Santos, da Rocha, Gomes Jr. & Fontoura, 2017 Batillipes dicrocercus Pollock, 1970 Batillipes friaufi Riggin, 1962 Batillipes gilmartini McGinty, 1969 Batillipes lesteri Kristensen & Mackness, 2000 Batillipes lingularum Menechella, Bulnes & Cazzaniga, 2017 Batillipes littoralis Renaud-Debyser, 1959 Batillipes longispinosus Chang & Rho, 1997 Batillipes lusitanus Santos, Rubal, Veiga, da Rocha & Fontoura, 2018 Batillipes marcelli Morone De Lucia, D'Addabbo Gallo & Grimaldi de Zio, 1988 Batillipes mirus Richters, 1909 [Batillipes caudatus Hay, 1917] Batillipes minius Rubal, Veiga, Fontoura & Sousa-Pinto, 2016 Batillipes noerrevangi Kristensen, 1978 Batillipes orientalis Chang & Rho, 1997 Batillipes pennaki Marcus, 1946 Batillipes philippinensis Chang & Rho, 1997 Batillipes phreaticus Renaud Debyser, 1959 [Batillipes littoralis submersus D'Hondt, 1970] Batillipes potiguarensis E. Santos, da Rocha, Gomes Jr. & Fontoura, 2017 Batillipes roscoffensis Kristensen, 1978 Batillipes rotundiculus Rho, Min & Chang, 1999 in Rho et al. 1999 Batillipes similis Schulz, 1955 Batillipes solitarius Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Batillipes spinicauda Gallo D’Addabbo, Sandulli & de Zio Grimaldi, 2005 Batillipes tridentatus Pollock, 1989 Batillipes tubernatis Pollock, 1971 Family: Coronarctidae Renaud-Mornant, 1974 Coronarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1974 Coronarctus disparilis Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Coronarctus fastigatus Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Coronarctus laubieri Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Coronarctus mexicus Romano III, Gallo, D'Addabbo, Accogli, Baguley & Montagna, 2011 Coronarctus stylisetus Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Coronarctus tenellus Renaud-Mornant, 1974 Coronarctus verrucatus Hansen, 2007 Trogloarctus Villora-Moreno, 1996 Trogloarctus trionyches Villora-Moreno, 1996 Family: Halechiniscidae Thulin, 1928 <Amended by Fujimoto et al. 2016> Subfamily: Dipodarctinae Pollock, 1995 <Amended by Jørgensen et al. 2014> 3 Dipodarctus Pollock, 1995 <Amended by Jørgensen et al. 2014> Dipodarctus anaholiensis Pollock, 1995 Dipodarctus australiensis Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Dipodarctus borrori Pollock, 1995 [Hemitanarctus chimaera de Zio Grimaldi, D'Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia & Troccoli, 1995/96 according to de Zio Grimaldi et al. 2003] Dipodarctus subterraneus (Renaud-Debyser, 1959) Dipodarctus susannae Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Subfamily: Euclavarctinae Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Clavarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Clavarctus falculus Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Euclavarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1975 <Amended by Renaud-Mornant 1983> Euclavarctus convergens Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Euclavarctus thieli Renaud-Mornant, 1975 Exoclavarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Exoclavarctus dineti Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Moebjergarctus Bussau, 1992 Moebjergarctus manganis Bussau, 1992 Parmursa Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Parmursa fimbriata Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Parmursa torquata Hansen, 2007 Proclavarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Proclavarctus fragilis Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Subfamily: Florarctinae Renaud-Mornant, 1982 <Amended by Kristensen 1984> Florarctus Delamare Deboutteville & Renaud-Mornant, 1965 Florarctus acer Renaud-Mornant, 1989 Florarctus antillensis Van der Land, 1968 Florarctus asper Renaud-Mornant, 1989 Florarctus cervinus Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Florarctus cinctus Renaud-Mornant, 1976 Florarctus glareolus Noda, 1987 Florarctus heimi Delamare Deboutteville & Renaud-Mornant, 1965 Florarctus hulingsi Renaud-Mornant, 1976 Florarctus kwoni Chang & Rho, 1997 Florarctus pulcher Grimaldi de Zio, Lamarca, D’addabbo Gallo & Pietanza, 1999 Florarctus salvati Delamare Deboutteville & Renaud-Mornant, 1965 4 Florarctus stellatus Renaud-Mornant, 1989 Florarctus vulcanius Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Florarctus wunai Fujimoto, 2015 Ligiarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1982 <Amended by Gomes-Júnior et al. 2017> Ligiarctus alatus Gomes-Júnior, E. Santos, da Rocha, P.J.P. Santos & Fontoura, 2018 Ligiarctus eastwardi Renaud-Mornant, 1982 Wingstrandarctus Kristensen, 1984 Wingstrandarctus corallinus Kristensen, 1984 Wingstrandarctus crypticus Renaud-Mornant, 1989 Wingstrandarctus intermedius (Renaud-Mornant, 1967) <Amended by Renaud-Mornant 1989> Wingstrandarctus stinae Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Wingstrandarctus unsculptus Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Subfamily: Halechiniscinae Thulin, 1928 <Amended by Grimaldi de Zio et al. 1990> Chrysoarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Chrysoarctus briandi Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Chrysoarctus flabellatus (Grimaldi de Zio, D'Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia, Vaccarella & Grimaldi, 1982) Halechiniscus Richters, 1908 Halechiniscus chafarinensis Grimaldi de Zio & Villora Moreno, 1995 Halechiniscus churakaagii Fujimoto, 2015 Halechiniscus greveni Renaud-Mornant & Deroux, 1976 Halechiniscus guiteli Richters, 1908 Halechiniscus jejuensis Chang & Rho, 2002 Halechiniscus macrocephalus Grimaldi de Zio, D’Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1988 Halechiniscus paratuleari Grimaldi de Zio, D’Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1988 Halechiniscus perfectus Schulz, 1955 Halechiniscus remanei remanei Schulz, 1955 Halechiniscus remanei antillensis Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Halechiniscus tuleari Renaud-Mornant, 1979 Halechiniscus yanakaagii Fujimoto, 2015 Subfamily: Orzeliscinae Schulz, 1963 <Amended by Gross et al. 2014> Mutaparadoxipus Gross, Miller & Hochberg, 2014 Mutaparadoxipus duodigifinis Gross, Miller & Hochberg, 2014 Opydorscus Renaud-Mornant, 1989 Opydorscus fonsecae Renaud-Mornant, 1989 5 Orzeliscus du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1952 Orzeliscus asiaticus Lee, Rho & Chang, 2017 Orzeliscus belopus du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1952 [Orzeliscus septentrionalis Schulz, 1953 according to Pollock 1982] Paradoxipus Kristensen & Higgins, 1989 <Transferred from Halechiniscinae by Gross et al.2014> Paradoxipus orzeliscoides Kristensen & Higgins, 1989 Subfamily: Quisarctinae Fujimoto, 2015 Quisarctus Fujimoto, 2015 Quisarctus yasumurai Fujimoto, 2015 Family: Neoarctidae (de Zio Grimaldi, D'Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1992) Neoarctus de Zio Grimaldi, D'Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1992 Neoarctus primigenius de Zio Grimaldi, D'Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1992 Family: Neostygarctidae de Zio Grimaldi, D’Addabbo Gallo & De Lucia Morone, 1987 {not more valid according to Hansen et al. 2012; considered still valid and amended by Fujimoto & Miyazaki 2013; amended by Kristensen et al. 2015} Neostygarctus Grimaldi de Zio, D'Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1982 <Transferred from Neostygarctidae into Stygarctidae by Hansen et al. 2012; re-transferred by Kristensen et al. 2015> Neostygarctus acanthophorus Grimaldi de Zio, D'Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1982 Neostygarctus grossmeteori Tchesunov, 2018 Neostygarctus lovedeluxe Fujimoto & Miyazaki, 2013 {species described in Neostygarctidae by Fujimoto & Miyazaki 2013} Neostygarctus oceanopolis Kristensen, Sørensen, Hansen & Zeppilli, 2015 Family: Renaudarctidae Kristensen & Higgins, 1984 <Amended by Hansen et al. 2012> <Amended by Fujimoto & Yamasaki 2017> Nodarctus Fujimoto & Yamasaki, 2017 Nodarctus hallucis Fujimoto & Yamasaki, 2017 Renaudarctus Kristensen & Higgins, 1984 <Amended by Hansen et al. 2012> Renaudarctus fossorius Hansen, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2012 Renaudarctus psammocryptus Kristensen & Higgins, 1984 Family: Stygarctidae Schulz, 1951 <Amended by Hansen et al. 2012> Subfamily: Megastygarctidinae Bello & de Zio Grimaldi, 1998 6 <Amended by Hansen & Kristensen 2006> Megastygarctides McKirdy, Schmidt & McGinty-Bayly, 1976 Megastygarctides christinae Hansen & Kristensen, 2006 Megastygarctides gerdae Hansen & Kristensen, 2006 Megastygarctides isounguis Renaud-Mornant, 1981 Megastygarctides orbiculatus McKirdy, Schmidt & McGinty-Bayly, 1976 Megastygarctides setoloso Morgan & O'Reilly, 1989 Megastygarctides sezginii Ürkmez, Ostrowska, Roszkowska, Gawlak, Zawierucha, Kristensen & Kaczmarek, 2017 Subfamily: Stygarctinae Schulz, 1951 Faroestygarctus Hansen, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2012 Faroestygarctus dezioae Hansen, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2012 Hansenarctus Fujimoto & Ohtsuka, 2019 Hansenarctus toyoshiomaruae Fujimoto & Ohtsuka, 2019 Mesostygarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1979 <Amended and reconsidered valid as genus by Hansen et al. 2012> Mesostygarctus intermedius Renaud-Mornant, 1979 <Transferred from Pseudostygarctus by Hansen et al. 2012> Mesostygarctus spiralis Hansen, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2012 Parastygarctus Renaud-Debyser, 1965 <Amended by Hansen et al. 2012> Parastygarctus biungulatus Morone De Lucia, Grimaldi de Zio & D'Addabbo Gallo, 1984 Parastygarctus higginsi Renaud-Debyser, 1965 Parastygarctus mediterranicus Gallo D’Addabbo, Grimaldi de Zio & Sandulli, 2001 Parastygarctus renaudae Grimaldi de Zio, D’Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia & Daddabbo, 1987 Parastygarctus robustus Hansen, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2012 Parastygarctus sterreri Renaud-Mornant, 1970 Parastygarctus svennevigi Hansen, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2012 Prostygarctus Rubal, Veiga, Fontoura & Sousa-Pinto, 2013 Prostygarctus aculeatus Rubal, Veiga, Fontoura & Sousa-Pinto, 2013 Pseudostygarctus McKirdy, Schmidt & McGinty-Bayly, 1976 <Amended by Hansen et al. 2012> Pseudostygarctus apuliae Gallo D’Addabbo, de Zio Grimaldi & D’Addabbo, 2000 Pseudostygarctus galloae Hansen, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2012 Pseudostygarctus mirabilis de Zio Grimaldi, D’Addabbo Gallo & Morone De Lucia, 1998 Pseudostygarctus rugosus Gallo D’Addabbo, de Zio Grimaldi & Sandulli, 2001 Pseudostygarctus triungulatus McKirdy, Schmidt & McGinty-Bayly, 1976 <Amended by Hansen et al. 2012> 7 Stygarctus Schulz, 1951 Stygarctus abornatus McKirdy, Schmidt & McGinty-Bayly, 1976 Stygarctus ayatori Fujimoto, 2014 Stygarctus bradypus Schulz, 1951 Stygarctus gourbaultae Renaud-Mornant, 1981 Stygarctus granulatus Pollock, 1970 Stygarctus lambertii Grimaldi de Zio, D’Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia & Daddabbo, 1987 Stygarctus spinifer Hiruta, 1985 Family: Styraconyxidae Kristensen & Renaud-Mornant, 1983 <Amended by Jørgensen et al. 2014> <Former subfamily of Halechiniscidae elevated to family level and amended by Fujimoto et al. 2016> Angursa Pollock, 1979 <Amended by Fujimoto & Hansen 2019> Angursa bicuspis abyssalis Renaud-Mornant, 1981{for taxonomic status of the subspecies see Kaczmarek et al. 2015} <Amended by Fujimoto & Hansen 2019 who consider Angursa bicuspis abyssalis to be a valid species> Angursa antarctica Villora-Moreno, 1998 <Amended by Fujimoto & Hansen 2019> Angursa bicuspis bicuspis Pollock, 1979 <Amended by Fujimoto & Hansen 2019> Angursa capsula Bussau, 1992 Angursa clavifera Noda, 1985 {Bussau (1992) elevated A. bicuspis clavifera to the species level} Angursa lanceolata Renaud-Mornant, 1981 <Amended by Fujimoto & Hansen 2019> Angursa lingua Bussau, 1992 Angursa seisuimaruae Fujimoto & Hansen, 2019 Bathyechiniscus Steiner, 1926 Bathyechiniscus tetronyx Steiner, 1926 <Amended by Pollock 1983> Lepoarctus Kristensen & Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Lepoarctus coniferus (Renaud-Mornant, 1975) Paratanarctus D'Addabbo Gallo, Grimaldi de Zio, Morone De Lucia & Troccoli, 1992 Paratanarctus kristenseni D'Addabbo Gallo, Grimaldi de Zio, Morone De Lucia & Troccoli, 1992 Pleocola Cantacuzène, 1951 Pleocola limnoriae Cantacuzène, 1951 Raiarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1981 <Amended by Jørgensen et al. 2014> Raiarctus aureolatus Renaud-Mornant, 1981 Raiarctus colurus Renaud-Mornant, 1981 Raiarctus jesperi Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Raiarctus katrinae Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Raiarctus variabilis D’Addabbo Gallo, Grimaldi de Zio & Morone De Lucia, 1986 8 Rhomboarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Rhomboarctus aslaki Hansen, Gallo D’Addabbo & de Zio Grimaldi, 2003 Rhomboarctus duplicicaudatus Hansen, Gallo D’Addabbo & de Zio Grimaldi, 2003 Rhomboarctus thomassini Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Styraconyx Thulin, 1942 Styraconyx craticuliformis Chang & Rho, 1998 Styraconyx craticulus (Pollock, 1983) Styraconyx hallasi Kristensen, 1977 Styraconyx haploceros Thulin, 1942 Styraconyx kristenseni kristenseni Renaud-Mornant, 1981 Styraconyx kristenseni neocaledonensis Renaud-Mornant, 1981 Styraconyx nanoqsunguak Kristensen & Higgins, 1984 Styraconyx paulae Robotti, 1971 Styraconyx qivitoq Kristensen & Higgins, 1984 Styraconyx sardiniae D'Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia & Grimaldi de Zio, 1989 Styraconyx sargassi Thulin, 1942 Styraconyx testudo D'Addabbo Gallo, Grimaldi de Zio & Morone De Lucia, 1984 Styraconyx turbinarium Bartels, Fontoura & Nelson, 2015 Styraconyx tyrrhenus D'Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia & Grimaldi de Zio, 1989 Tetrakentron Cuénot, 1892 Tetrakentron synaptae Cuénot, 1892 Tholoarctus Kristensen & Renaud-Mornant, 1983 <Amended by Jørgensen et al. 2014> Tholoarctus natans natans Kristensen & Renaud-Mornant, 1983 Tholoarctus natans pedunculatus D'Addabbo Gallo, de Zio Grimaldi, Morone De Lucia & Troccoli, 1992 Tholoarctus oleseni Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Family: Tanarctidae Renaud-Mornant, 1980 <Former subfamily of Halechiniscidae elevated to family level and amended by Fujimoto et al. 2016> Actinarctus Schulz, 1935 Actinarctus doryphorus doryphorus Schulz, 1935 Actinarctus doryphorus ocellatus Renaud-Mornant, 1971 Actinarctus lyrophorus Renaud-Mornant, 1979 Actinarctus neretinus Grimaldi de Zio, D'Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia, Vaccarella & Grimaldi, 1982 Actinarctus physophorus Grimaldi de Zio, D'Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia, Vaccarella & Grimaldi, 1982 Tanarctus Renaud-Debyser, 1959 Tanarctus arborspinosus Lindgren, 1971 9 Tanarctus bubulubus Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2001 Tanarctus dendriticus Renaud-Mornant, 1980 Tanarctus diplocerus Fujimoto, Miyazaki & Suzuki, 2013 Tanarctus gracilis Renaud-Mornant, 1980 Tanarctus helleouetae Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Tanarctus heterodactylus Renaud-Mornant, 1980 Tanarctus hirsutospinosus Jørgensen, Boesgaard, Møbjerg & Kristensen, 2014 Tanarctus ittanmomen Fujimoto, 2018 Tanarctus longisetosus Grimaldi de Zio, D'Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia, Vaccarella & Grimaldi, 1982 Tanarctus minotauricus Renaud-Mornant, 1984 Tanarctus ramazzottii Renaud-Mornant, 1975 Tanarctus tauricus Renaud-Debyser, 1959 Tanarctus velatus McKirdy, Schmidt & McGinty-Bayly, 1976 Zioella Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Zioella pavonina Renaud-Mornant, 1987 Order: ECHINISCOIDEA Richters, 1926 Family: Echiniscoididae Kristensen & Hallas, 1980 Subfamily: Echiniscoidinae Kristensen & Hallas, 1980 {not explicitly defined by Møbjerg et al. (2016) who erected the Isoechiniscoidinae within Echiniscoididae} Anisonyches Pollock, 1975 <Amended by Bartels et al. 2018> Anisonyches deliquus Chang & Rho, 1998 Anisonyches diakidius Pollock, 1975 <Amended by Bartels et al. 2018> Anisonyches eleutherensis Bartels, Fontoura & Nelson, 2018 Anisonyches mauritianus Grimaldi de Zio, D’Addabbo Gallo, Morone De Lucia & Daddabbo, 1987 Echiniscoides Plate, 1888 Echiniscoides andamanensis Chang & Rho, 1998 Echiniscoides bruni D'Addabbo Gallo, Grimaldi de Zio, Morone De Lucia & Troccoli, 1992 Echiniscoides hoepneri Kristensen & Hallas, 1980 Echiniscoides horningi Miller & Kristensen, 1999 Echiniscoides pollocki Hallas & Kristensen, 1982 Echiniscoides rugostellatus Perry, Rawson, Ameral, Miller, J.D. Miller, 2018 Echiniscoides sigismundi sigismundi (M. Schultze, 1865) Echiniscoides sigismundi galliensis Kristensen & Hallas, 1980 Echiniscoides sigismundi groenlandicus Kristensen & Hallas, 1980 Echiniscoides sigismundi hispaniensis Kristensen & Hallas, 1980 Echiniscoides sigismundi mediterranicus Kristensen & Hallas, 1980 Echiniscoides sigismundi polynesiensis Renaud-Mornant, 1976 10 Echiniscoides sigismundi porphyrae Grimaldi de Zio, Gallo D’Addabbo & Pietanza, 2000 Echiniscoides sigismundi verrucariae Grimaldi de Zio, Gallo D’Addabbo & Pietanza, 2000 Echiniscoides travei Bellido & Bertrand, 1981 Echiniscoides wyethi Perry & Miller, 2015 Subfamily: Isoechiniscoidinae Møbjerg, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2016 Isoechiniscoides Møbjerg, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2016 Isoechiniscoides higginsi (Hallas & Kristensen, 1982) <Transferred from Echiniscoides by Møbjerg et al. 2016> Isoechiniscoides sifae Møbjerg, Kristensen & Jørgensen, 2016 Family: Carphaniidae Binda & Kristensen, 1986 Carphania Binda, 1978 Carphania fluviatilis Binda, 1978 Family: Oreellidae Ramazzotti, 1962 (sensu Puglia unpublished thesis 1959) Oreella Murray, 1910 Oreella chugachii Calloway, Miller, Johansson & Whiting, 2011 Oreella mollis Murray, 1910 [Oreella minor Ramazzotti, 1964] Oreella vilucensis Rahm, 1931 species inquirenda [Oreella bonnensis Rahm, 1932] Family: Echiniscidae Thulin, 1928 Subfamily: Echiniscinae Thulin, 1928 in Guil et al. 2019 Tribe: Echiniscini Thulin, 1928 in Guil et al. 2019 Barbaria Michalczyk, Gąsiorek, Morek & Stec, 2019 in Gąsiorek et al. 2019b Barbaria bigranulata (Richters, 1907) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria danieli (Meyer, Tsaliki & Sorgee, 2017) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria ganczareki (Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2007) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria hannae (Roszkowska, Gawlak, Draga & Kaczmarek, 2019) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria jenningsi (Dastych, 1984) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria madonnae (Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2006) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria ollantaytamboensis (Nickel, Miller & Marley, 2001) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria pseudowendti (Dastych, 1984) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Barbaria ranzii (Ramazzotti, 1964) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia Gąsiorek & Michalczyk, 2019 in Gąsiorek et al. 2019b 11 Claxtonia barbarae (Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2002) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia capillata (Ramazzotti, 1956) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia corrugicaudata (McInnes, 2009) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia crebraclava (Sun, X. Li & Feng, 2014) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia malpighii (Biserov, 1994) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia marginopora (Grigarick, Schuster & Nelson, 1983) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia mauccii (Ramazzotti, 1956) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia molluscorum (Fox & Garcia-Moll, 1962) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia moniliata (Iharos, 1967) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia pardalis (Degma & Schill, 2015) <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia vincula (Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Claxtonia wendti (Richters, 1903) [Echiniscus dearmatus Bartoš, 1935 according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b, Echiniscus szaboi Iharos, 1973 as it was already synonymized with E. dearmatus] <E. wendti and E. dearmatus transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Diploechiniscus Vicente, Fontoura, Cesari, Rebecchi, Guidetti, Serrano & Bertolani, 2013 Diploechiniscus horningi (Schuster & Grigarick, 1971) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Diploechiniscus oihonnae (Richters, 1903) [Echiniscus multispinosus da Cunha, 1944 according to Vicente et al. 2013] Echiniscus C.A.S. Schultze, 1840 <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2017b> Echiniscus africanus Murray, 1907 Echiniscus aliquantillus Grigarick, Schuster & Nelson, 1983 Echiniscus angolensis da Cunha & do Nascimento Ribeiro, 1964 Echiniscus apuanus M. Bertolani, 1946 Echiniscus arcangelii Maucci, 1973-74 Echiniscus arctomys Ehrenberg, 1853 <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Echiniscus arthuri Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2005 Echiniscus azoricus Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2008 Echiniscus baius Marcus, 1928 Echiniscus baloghi Iharos, 1973 Echiniscus barbarae Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2002 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus batramiae Iharos, 1936 Echiniscus becki Schuster & Grigarick, 1966 Echiniscus belloporus Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 Echiniscus bigranulatus Richters, 1907 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus bisculptus Maucci, 1983 12 Echiniscus blumi blumi Richters, 1903 [Echiniscus ramazzottii Binda & Pilato, 1969, Echiniscus bisetosus Heinis, 1908 according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b, Echiniscus mediantus Marcus, 1930 according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b] Echiniscus blumi schizofilus Bartoš, 1941 Echiniscus calcaratus Richters, 1908 Echiniscus calvus Marcus, 1931 Echiniscus canadensis Murray, 1910 [Echiniscus punctulatus Mihelčič, 1955; Echiniscus bellus Mihelčič, 1967] Echiniscus canedoi da Cunha & do Nascimento Ribeiro, 1962 Echiniscus capillatus Ramazzotti, 1956 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus carsicus Mihelčič, 1966 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus carusoi Pilato, 1972 Echiniscus cavagnaroi Schuster & Grigarick, 1966 <Amended by Meyer 2016> Echiniscus cervicornis Murray, 1906 Echiniscus charrua Claps & Rossi, 1997 Echiniscus cheonyoungi Moon & Kim, 1994 Echiniscus cirinoi Binda & Pilato, 1993 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus clavispinosus Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2011 {see Viridiscus} Echiniscus clevelandi Beasley, 1999 Echiniscus columinis Murray, 1911 Echiniscus corrugicaudatus McInnes, 2009 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus crassispinosus crassispinosus Murray, 1907 Echiniscus crassispinosus fasciatus Marcus, 1928 Echiniscus crebraclava Sun, X. Li & Feng, 2014 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus curiosus Claxton, 1996 Echiniscus danieli Meyer, Tsaliki & Sorgee, 2017 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus dariae Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2010 Echiniscus darienae Miller, Horning & Dastych, 1995 Echiniscus dearmatus Bartoš, 1935 [Echiniscus szaboi Iharos, 1973] {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus dikenli Maucci, 1973 Echiniscus diploglyptus Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1975 Echiniscus divergens Marcus, 1936 Echiniscus dreyfusi de Barros, 1942 Echiniscus duboisi Richters, 1902 Echiniscus egnatiae Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1979 Echiniscus ehrenbergi Dastych & Kristensen, 1995 Echiniscus elaeinae Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2005 Echiniscus elegans Richters, 1907 {see Stellariscus} Echiniscus evelinae de Barros, 1942 Echiniscus ganczareki Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2007 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus granulatus (Doyère, 1840) [Echiniscus crassus Richters, 1904; Echiniscus fortis Bartoš, 1935; Echiniscus abanti Maucci, 1973] Echiniscus hannae Roszkowska, Gawlak, Draga & Kaczmarek, 2019 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus heterospinosus Maucci, 1954 Echiniscus hexacanthus Maucci, 1973 Echiniscus hoonsooi Moon & Kim, 1990 Echiniscus horningi Schuster & Grigarick, 1971 {see Diploechiniscus} 13 Echiniscus inocelatus Mihelčič, 1938 [Echiniscus inocellatus Mihelčič, 1964] Echiniscus insuetus Mihelčič, 1967 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Echiniscus jagodici Mihelčič, 1951 Echiniscus jamesi Claxton, 1996 Echiniscus japonicus Morikawa, 1951 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus jenningsi Dastych, 1984 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus kerguelensis Richters, 1907 Echiniscus knowltoni Schuster & Grigarick, 1971 Echiniscus kofordi Schuster & Grigarick, 1966 {see Kristenseniscus} Echiniscus kosickii Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2010 Echiniscus lapponicus Thulin, 1911 Echiniscus laterosetosus Ito, 1993 Echiniscus laterospinosus Rudescu, 1964 Echiniscus latifasciatus Dudichev & Biserov, 2000 {see Stellariscus} Echiniscus lentiferus Claxton & Dastych, 2017 Echiniscus lichenorum Maucci, 1983 <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Echiniscus limai da Cunha & do Nascimento Ribeiro, 1964 {see Kristenseniscus} Echiniscus lineatus Pilato, Fontoura, Lisi & Beasley, 2008 Echiniscus longispinosus Murray, 1907 Echiniscus loxophthalmus Richters, 1911 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Echiniscus madonnae Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2006 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus maesi Séméria, 1985 {see E. perarmatus} Echiniscus malpighii Biserov, 1994 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus manuelae da Cunha & do Nascimento Ribeiro, 1962 Echiniscus marcusi Pilato, Claxton & Binda, 1989 Echiniscus marginatus Binda & Pilato, 1994 Echiniscus marginoporus Grigarick, Schuster & Nelson, 1983 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus markezi Mihelčič, 1971/72 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus marleyi X. Li, 2007 Echiniscus mauccii Ramazzotti, 1956 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus mediantus Marcus, 1930 {see E. blumi} Echiniscus merokensis merokensis Richters, 1904 [Echiniscus iharosi Rudescu, 1964, Echiniscus simba Marcus, 1928 according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b] Echiniscus merokensis suecicus Thulin, 1911 Echiniscus migiurtinus Franceschi, 1957 Echiniscus mihelcici Iharos, 1973 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus militaris Murray, 1911 Echiniscus molluscorum Fox & Garcia-Moll, 1962 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus mongoliensis Iharos, 1973 <Elevated to the species level by Gąsiorek et al. 2017b> Echiniscus moniliatus Iharos, 1967 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus montanus Iharos, 1982 Echiniscus mosaicus Grigarick, Schuster & Nelson, 1983 Echiniscus murrayi Iharos, 1969 Echiniscus nelsonae X. Li, L. Wang & Yu, 2007 Echiniscus nepalensis Dastych, 1975 Echiniscus nigripustulus Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 Echiniscus nobilis Mihelčič, 1967 {see Nebularmis} 14 Echiniscus ollantaytamboensis Nickel, Miller & Marley, 2001 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus ornamentatus Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 Echiniscus osellai Maucci, 1975 Echiniscus pajstunensis Bartoš,1941 Echiniscus palmai Dastych, 1997 Echiniscus pardalis Degma & Schill, 2015 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus perarmatus Murray, 1907 [Echiniscus maesi Séméria, 1985 according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b] Echiniscus peruvianus Binda & Pilato, 1994 Echiniscus perviridis Ramazzotti, 1959 {see Viridiscus} Echiniscus phocae du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus polygonalis Ito, 1993 Echiniscus pooensis Rodriguez-Roda, 1948 Echiniscus porabrus Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 Echiniscus postojnensis Mihelčič, 1967 [Echiniscus loxophtalmus Mihelčič, 1939] Echiniscus pseudelegans Séméria, 1994 {see Stellariscus} Echiniscus pseudowendti Dastych, 1984 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus punctus McInnes, 1995 Echiniscus pusae Marcus, 1928 Echiniscus quadrispinosus quadrispinosus Richters, 1902 [Echiniscus scrofa Richters, 1902] Echiniscus quadrispinosus brachyspinosus Bartoš, 1934 Echiniscus quadrispinosus cribrosus Murray, 1907 Echiniscus quadrispinosus fissispinosus Murray, 1907 Echiniscus quitensis Pilato, 2007 Echiniscus rackae Dastych, 1986 Echiniscus ranzii Ramazzotti, 1964 {see Barbaria} Echiniscus reticulatus Murray, 1905 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus reymondi Marcus, 1928 Echiniscus robertsi Schuster & Grigarick, 1965 Echiniscus rodnae Claxton, 1996 Echiniscus rufoviridis du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944 {see Viridiscus} Echiniscus rugospinosus Marcus, 1928 Echiniscus scabrospinosus Fontoura, 1982 <Amended by Pilato et al. 2008b> Echiniscus semifoveolatus Ito, 1993 Echiniscus shaanxiensis X. Li, L. Wang & Yu, 2007 Echiniscus siegristi Heinis, 1911 Echiniscus simba Marcus, 1928 {see E. merokensis} Echiniscus siticulosus Gąsiorek & Michalczyk, 2019 Echiniscus speciosus Mihelčič, 1967 [Echiniscus roseus Mihelčič, 1967] <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Echiniscus spiculifer Schaudinn, 1901 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Echiniscus spiniger Richters, 1904 Echiniscus spinulosus (Doyère, 1840) Echiniscus storkani Bartoš, 1940 {see E. trisetosus} Echiniscus succineus Gąsiorek & Vončina, 2019 Echiniscus sylvanus Murray, 1910 Echiniscus taibaiensis L. Wang & X. Li, 2005 15 Echiniscus tamus Mehlen, 1969 <Amended by Miller & Mehlen 2007> Echiniscus tardus Mihelčič, 1951 {see Nebularmis} Echiniscus tenuis Marcus, 1928 <probably Bryodelphax according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Echiniscus tessellatus Murray, 1910 {see Kristenseniscus} Echiniscus testudo (Doyère, 1840) <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2017b> [Echiniscus bellermanni C.A.S. Schultze, 1840; Echiniscus inermis Richters, 1902; Echiniscus trifilis Rahm, 1921; Echiniscus testudo quadrifilis by Gąsiorek et al. 2017b; Echiniscus filamentosus Plate, 1888 by Gąsiorek et al. 2017b; Echiniscus glaber Bartoš, 1937 by Gąsiorek et al. 2017b] Echiniscus trisetosus Cuénot, 1932 [Echiniscus storkani Bartoš, 1940 according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b] Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 Echiniscus trojanus Maucci, 1973 Echiniscus tropicalis Binda & Pilato, 1995 Echiniscus tympanista Murray, 1911 Echiniscus velaminis Murray, 1910 Echiniscus vinculus Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus virginicus Riggin, 1962 <Amended by Christenberry & Mason 1979> Echiniscus viridianus Pilato, Fontoura & Lisi, 2007 {see Viridiscus} Echiniscus viridis Murray, 1910 <Amended by Pilato et al. 2008a> {see Viridiscus} Echiniscus viridissimus Péterfi, 1956 {see Viridiscus} Echiniscus walteri Pilato & Lisi, 2003 {see Kristenseniscus} Echiniscus weisseri Maucci, 1978 Echiniscus wendti Richters, 1903 {see Claxtonia} Echiniscus zetotrymus Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 Hypechiniscus Thulin, 1928 Hypechiniscus exarmatus (Murray, 1907) [Oreella breviclava Grigarick, Schuster & Nelson, 1983] Hypechiniscus fengi Sun & X. Li, 2013 Hypechiniscus gladiator gladiator (Murray, 1905) [Parechiniscus unispinosus da Cunha, 1947] Hypechiniscus gladiator bigladii (Iharos, 1973) Hypechiniscus gladiator fissigladii (Iharos, 1973) Hypechiniscus gladiator spinulosa (Iharos, 1973) Hypechiniscus papillifer (Robotti, 1972) Kristenseniscus Gąsiorek, Morek, Stec & Michalczyk, 2019 Kristenseniscus kofordi (Schuster & Grigarick, 1966) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Kristenseniscus limai (da Cunha & do Nascimento Ribeiro, 1964) <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Kristenseniscus tessellatus (Murray, 1910) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Kristenseniscus walteri (Pilato & Lisi, 2003) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> 16 Nebularmis Gąsiorek & Michalczyk, 2019 in Gąsiorek et al. 2019b Nebularmis carsicus (Mihelčič, 1966) <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis cirinoi (Binda & Pilato, 1993) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis japonicus (Morikawa, 1951) <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis markezi (Mihelčič, 1971/72) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis mihelcici (Iharos, 1973) <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis nobilis (Mihelčič, 1967) <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis phocae (du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944) <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis reticulatus (Murray, 1905) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Nebularmis tardus (Mihelčič, 1951) <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Stellariscus Gąsiorek, Suzuki, Kristensen & Michalczyk, 2018 in Gąsiorek et al. 2018c Stellariscus elegans (Richters, 1907) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2018c> Stellariscus latifasciatus (Dudichev & Biserov, 2000) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2018c> Stellariscus pseudelegans (Séméria, 1994) <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2018c> Testechiniscus Kristensen, 1987 <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2018b> Testechiniscus laterculus (Schuster, Grigarick & Toftner, 1980) <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2018b> Testechiniscus macronyx (Richters, 1907) Testechiniscus meridionalis (Murray, 1906) Testechiniscus spitsbergensis spitsbergensis (Scourfield, 1897) [Echiniscus clavisetosus Mihelčič, 1958; Echiniscus marinellae Bartoš, 1935; Echiniscus melanophthalmus Bartoš, 1936; Echiniscus menzeli Heinis, 1917; Echiniscus rosaliae Mihelčič, 1951; Echiniscus spinuloides Murray, 1907] <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2018b> Testechiniscus spitsbergensis tropicalis Gąsiorek, Stec, Zawierucha, Kristensen & Michalczyk, 2018 Viridiscus Gąsiorek & Michalczyk, 2019 in Gąsiorek et al. 2019b Viridiscus clavispinosus Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2011 <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Viridiscus perviridis Ramazzotti, 1959 <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Viridiscus rufoviridis du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944 <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Viridiscus viridianus Pilato, Fontoura & Lisi, 2007 <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> 17 Viridiscus viridis Murray, 1910 <Amended by Pilato et al. 2008a> <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Viridiscus viridissimus Péterfi, 1956 <Transferred from Echiniscus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019b> Tribe: Bryodelphaxini Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Bryochoerus Marcus, 1936 Bryochoerus intermedius intermedius (Murray, 1910) Bryochoerus intermedius hawaiicus (Thulin, 1928) Bryochoerus intermedius laevis (Marcus, 1936) Bryochoerus liupanensis Xue, X. Li, L. Wang, Xian, Chen, 2017 Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928 Bryodelphax aaseae Kristensen, Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2010 Bryodelphax alzirae (du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944) Bryodelphax amphoterus (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1975) Bryodelphax arenosus Gąsiorek, 2018 Bryodelphax asiaticus Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2004 Bryodelphax atlantis Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2008 Bryodelphax brevidentatus Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Degma, 2005 Bryodelphax crossotus Grigarick, Schuster & Nelson, 1983 Bryodelphax dominicanus (Schuster & Toftner, 1982) Bryodelphax instabilis Gąsiorek & Degma, 2018 Bryodelphax iohannis Bertolani, Guidi & Rebecchi, 1996 Bryodelphax kristenseni Lisi, Daza, Londoño & Quiroga, 2017 Bryodelphax lijiangensis Yang, 2002 Bryodelphax maculatus Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek, Marnissi & Michalczyk, 2017 Bryodelphax mateusi (Fontoura, 1982) Bryodelphax meronensis Pilato, Lisi & Binda, 2010 Bryodelphax olszanowskii Kaczmarek, Parnikoza, Gawlak, Esefeld, Peter, Kozeretska & Roszkowska, 2017 Bryodelphax ortholineatus (Bartoš, 1963) Bryodelphax parvulus Thulin, 1928 Bryodelphax parvuspolaris Kaczmarek, Zawierucha, Smykla & Michalczyk, 2012 Bryodelphax sinensis (Pilato, 1974) Bryodelphax tatrensis (Węglarska, 1959) Bryodelphax weglarskae (Pilato, 1972) Subfamily: Pseudechiniscinae Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Tribe: Cornechiniscini Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Acanthechiniscus Vecchi, Cesari, Bertolani, Jönsson, Rebecchi & Guidetti, 2016a Acanthechiniscus distinctus (Mihelčič, 1951) <Transferred from Pseudechiniscus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Acanthechiniscus goedeni (Grigarick, Mihelčič & Schuster, 1964) <Transferred from Pseudechiniscus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> 18 Acanthechiniscus islandicus (Richters, 1904) <Transferred from Pseudechiniscus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Acanthechiniscus sinensis (Rahm, 1937) <Transferred from Pseudechiniscus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Acanthechiniscus victor (Ehrenberg, 1853) [Pseudechiniscus tridentifer Bartoš, 1935 ] <Transferred from Pseudechiniscus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Cornechiniscus Maucci & Ramazzotti, 1981 Cornechiniscus brachycornutus Maucci, 1987 Cornechiniscus ceratophorus (Maucci, 1973) Cornechiniscus cornutus (Richters, 1907) [Pseudechiniscus intermedius Mihelčič, 1970] Cornechiniscus holmeni (Petersen, 1951) Cornechiniscus lobatus (Ramazzotti, 1943) [Pseudechiniscus cornutus Mihelčič, 1966] Cornechiniscus madagascariensis Maucci, 1993 Cornechiniscus schrammi (Dastych, 1979) Cornechiniscus subcornutus Maucci & Ramazzotti, 1981 Cornechiniscus tibetanus (Maucci, 1979) Proechiniscus Kristensen, 1987 Proechiniscus hanneae (Petersen, 1951) Tribe: Pseudechiniscini Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Mopsechiniscus du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944 Mopsechiniscus franciscae Guidetti, Rebecchi, Cesari & McInnes, 2014 Mopsechiniscus frenoti Dastych, 1999 Mopsechiniscus granulosus Mihelčič, 1967 Mopsechiniscus imberbis (Richters, 1907) Mopsechiniscus schusteri Dastych, 1999 Mopsechiniscus tasmanicus Dastych & Moscal, 1992 Pseudechiniscus Thulin, 1911 <Amended by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Pseudechiniscus alberti Dastych, 1987 Pseudechiniscus asper Abe, Utsugi & Takeda, 1998 Pseudechiniscus bartkei Węglarska, 1962 Pseudechiniscus beasleyi X. Li, L. Wang & Yu, 2007 Pseudechiniscus bidenticulatus Bartoš, 1963 Pseudechiniscus bispinosus (Murray, 1907) Pseudechiniscus brevimontanus Kendall-Fite & Nelson, 1996 Pseudechiniscus chengi Xue, X. Li, L. Wang, Xian, Chen, 2017 Pseudechiniscus clavatus Mihelčič, 1955 Pseudechiniscus conifer (Richters, 1904) Pseudechiniscus dicrani Mihelčič, 1938 Pseudechiniscus facettalis Petersen, 1951 [Pseudechiniscus pseudoconifer facettalis Maucci, 1954] Pseudechiniscus gullii Pilato & Lisi, 2006 19 Pseudechiniscus insolitus Maucci, 1991 Pseudechiniscus jiroveci Bartoš, 1963 Pseudechiniscus juanitae de Barros, 1939 [Pseudechiniscus suillus franciscae de Barros, 1942] Pseudechiniscus jubatus Biserov, 1990 Pseudechiniscus megacephalus Mihelčič, 1951 Pseudechiniscus nataliae Biserov & Maucci, 1986 Pseudechiniscus novaezeelandiae novaezeelandiae (Richters, 1908) Pseudechiniscus novaezeelandiae aspinosa Iharos, 1963 Pseudechiniscus novaezeelandiae laterospinosa Iharos, 1963 Pseudechiniscus novaezeelandiae marinae Bartoš, 1934 Pseudechiniscus occultus Dastych, 1980 Pseudechiniscus papillosus X. Li, L. Wang, Liu & Su, 2005 Pseudechiniscus pilatoi X. Li, 2007 Pseudechiniscus pseudoconifer Ramazzotti, 1943 Pseudechiniscus pulcher (Murray, 1910) Pseudechiniscus quadrilobatus Iharos, 1969 Pseudechiniscus ramazzottii ramazzottii Maucci, 1952 Pseudechiniscus ramazzottii facettalis Iharos, 1964 [Pseudechiniscus ramazzottii lineatus Maucci, 1973-74] Pseudechiniscus santomensis Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2010 Pseudechiniscus scorteccii Franceschi, 1952 Pseudechiniscus shilinensis Yang, 2002 Pseudechiniscus spinerectus Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2001 Pseudechiniscus suillus (Ehrenberg, 1853) [Echiniscus mutabilis Murray, 1905] Pseudechiniscus titianae Vecchi, Cesari, Bertolani, Jönsson, Rebecchi & Guidetti, 2016a Pseudechiniscus transsylvanicus Iharos, 1936 Pseudechiniscus yunnanensis L. Wang, 2009 Tribe: Anthechiniscini Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Antechiniscus Kristensen, 1987 Antechiniscus conversus (Horning & Schuster, 1983) Antechiniscus jermani Rossi & Claps, 1989 Antechiniscus lateromamillatus (Ramazzotti, 1964) Antechiniscus moscali Claxton, 2001 Antechiniscus parvisentus (Horning & Schuster, 1983) Antechiniscus perplexus (Horning & Schuster, 1983) Multipseudechiniscus Schulte & Miller, 2011 <Amended by Miller et al. 2012> Multipseudechiniscus raneyi (Grigarick, Mihelčič & Schuster, 1964) <Transferred from Pseudechiniscus by Schulte & Miller, 2011> Subfamily: Parechiniscinae Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Tribe: Novechiniscini Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 20 Novechiniscus Kristensen, 1987 Novechiniscus armadilloides (R.O. Schuster, 1975) Tribe: Parechiniscini Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Parechiniscus Cuénot, 1926 Parechiniscus chitonides Cuénot, 1926 Parechiniscus unispinosus da Cunha, 1947 Class: MESOTARDIGRADA Rahm, 1937 {nomen dubium according to Grothman et al. 2017} Order: THERMOZODIA Ramazzotti & Maucci, 1983 Family: Thermozodiidae Rahm, 1937 Thermozodium Rahm, 1937 Thermozodium esakii Rahm, 1937 EUTARDIGRADA Richters, 1926 Class: APOTARDIGRADA Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 Order: APOCHELA Schuster, Nelson, Grigarick & Christenberry, 1980 Family: Milnesiidae Ramazzotti, 1962 Bergtrollus Dastych, 2011 Bergtrollus dzimbowski Dastych, 2011 Limmenius Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 Limmenius porcellus Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 Milnesioides Claxton, 1999 Milnesioides exsertum Claxton, 1999 Milnesium Doyère, 1840 Milnesium alabamae Wallendorf & Miller, 2009 Milnesium almatyense Tumanov, 2006 Milnesium alpigenum Ehrenberg, 1853 {valid according to Morek et al. 2016} <Redescribed by Morek et al. 2019> Milnesium antarcticum Tumanov, 2006 Milnesium argentinum Roszkowska, Ostrowska & Kaczmarek, 2015 Milnesium asiaticum Tumanov, 2006 Milnesium barbadosense Meyer & Hinton, 2012 Milnesium beasleyi Kaczmarek, Jakubowska & Michalczyk, 2012 Milnesium beatae Roszkowska, Ostrowska & Kaczmarek, 2015 Milnesium berladnicorum Ciobanu, Zawierucha, Moglan & Kaczmarek, 2014 Milnesium bohleberi Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2014 21 Milnesium brachyungue Binda & Pilato, 1990 Milnesium burgessi Schlabach, Donaldson, Hobelman, Miller & Lowman, 2018 Milnesium dornensis Ciobanu, Roszkowska & Kaczmarek, 2015 Milnesium dujiangensis Yang, 2003 {nomen dubium according to Morek et al. 2016} Milnesium eurystomum Maucci, 1991 <Amended by Michalczyk et al. 2012> Milnesium granulatum Ramazzotti, 1962 <Amended and elevated to the species level by Michalczyk et al. 2012> Milnesium inceptum Morek, Suzuki, Schill, Georgiev, Yankova, Marley & Michalczyk, 2019 Milnesium jacobi Meyer & Hinton, 2010 Milnesium katarzynae Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Beasley, 2004 Milnesium kogui Londoño, Daza, Caicedo, Quiroga & Kaczmarek, 2015 Milnesium krzysztofi Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2007 Milnesium lagniappe Meyer, Hinton & Dupré, 2013 Milnesium longiungue Tumanov, 2006 Milnesium minutum Pilato & Lisi, 2016 Milnesium quadrifidum Nederström, 1919 {valid according to Morek et al. 2016} Milnesium reductum Tumanov, 2006 Milnesium reticulatum Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2002 Milnesium sandrae Pilato & Lisi, 2016 Milnesium shilohae Meyer, 2015 Milnesium swansoni Young, Chappell, Miller & Lowman, 2016 Milnesium swolenskyi Bertolani & Grimaldi, 2000 {fossil species} Milnesium tardigradum tardigradum Doyère, 1840 <Amended by Michalczyk et al. 2012; Amended by Morek et al. 2018> Milnesium tardigradum trispinosa Rahm, 1931 {nomen dubium according to Morek et al. 2016} {not valid according to Suzuki 2016} Milnesium tetralamellatum Pilato & Binda, 1991 Milnesium tumanovi Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2016 Milnesium validum Pilato, Sabella, D'Urso & Lisi, 2017 Milnesium variefidum Morek, Gąsiorek, Stec, Blagden & Michalczyk, 2016 Milnesium vorax Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2016 Milnesium zsalakoae Meyer & Hinton, 2010 Class: EUTARDIGRADA Richters, 1926 <Amended by Guil et al. 2019 and corresponding to the former order PARACHELA Schuster et al., 1980; The previous class EUTARDIGRADA Richters, 1926 was formerly consisted of two orders: order APOCHELA – now raised to the new class APOTARDIGRADA by Guil et al. 2019 and order PARACHELA Schuster, Nelson, Grigarick & Christenberry, 1980 – suppressed by Guil et al. 2019> PARACHELA Schuster, Nelson, Grigarick & Christenberry, 1980 {suppressed by Guil et al. 2019} Order: EOHYPSIBIOIDEA Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 <Corresponding to the superfamily Eohypsibioidea Bertolani & Kristensen, 1987 in Marley et al. 2011 elevated to higher level by Guil et al. 2019> 22 Family: Eohypsibiidae Bertolani & Kristensen, 1987 <Amended by Trygvadóttir & Kristensen 2011> [Amphibolidae Bertolani, 1981] Austeruseus Trygvadóttir & Kristensen, 2011 Austeruseus balduri Trygvadóttir & Kristensen 2011 Austeruseus faeroensis Trygvadóttir & Kristensen 2011 Austeruseus rokuri Trygvadóttir & Kristensen 2011 Bertolanius Özdikmen, 2008 <Amended by Trygvadóttir & Kristensen 2011> [Amphibolus Bertolani, 1981 in Özdikmen 2008] Bertolanius birnae Hansen, Kristensen, Bertolani & Guidetti, 2016 Bertolanius mahunkai (Iharos, 1971) Bertolanius markevichi (Biserov, 1992) Bertolanius nebulosus (Dastych, 1983) Bertolanius portucalensis Fontoura, Pilato, Lisi & Morais, 2009 Bertolanius smreczynskii (Węglarska, 1970) Bertolanius volubilis (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1975) Bertolanius weglarskae (Dastych, 1972) Eohypsibius Kristensen, 1982 <Amended by Trygvadóttir & Kristensen 2011> Eohypsibius nadjae Kristensen, 1982 Eohypsibius terrestris Ito, 1988 Order: HYPSIBIOIDEA Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 <Corresponding to the superfamily Hypsibioidea Pilato, 1969 in Marley et al. 2011 amended by Bertolani et al. 2014 and Gąsiorek et al. 2018a and subsequently elevated to higher level by Guil et al. 2019> Family: Calohypsibiidae Pilato, 1969 <Amended by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2019a> Calohypsibius Thulin, 1928 Calohypsibius ornatus (Richters, 1900) [Hypsibius (Calohypsibius) armatus Bartoš, 1938; Hypsibius (Calohypsibius) intermedius Mihelčič, 1939] Calohypsibius maliki Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2005 Calohypsibius placophorus (da Cunha, 1943) {see Fractonotus verrucosus} Calohypsibius schusteri Nelson & McGlothlin, 1996 Calohypsibius verrucosus (Richters, 1900) [Macrobiotus scabrosus Murray, 1911 according to Marcus 1928] {see Fractonotus} Family: Hypsibiidae Pilato, 1969 <Amended by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2018a> 23 Subfamily: Diphasconinae Dastych, 1992 <Amended by Bertolani et al. 2014> Diphascon Plate, 1888 <Amended by Bertolani et al. 2014> Diphascon alpinum Murray, 1906 Diphascon australianum Pilato & Binda, 1998 Diphascon bicorne (Mihelčič, 1971) Diphascon bidropion Ito, 1995 Diphascon birklehofi Rolf Schuster, 1999 Diphascon chilenense Plate, 1888 Diphascon claxtonae Pilato & Binda, 1998 Diphascon coniferens (Bartoš, 1960) Diphascon dastychi Pilato & Binda, 1999 Diphascon dolomiticum Pilato & Bertolani, 2005 Diphascon faialense Fontoura & Pilato, 2007 Diphascon halapiense (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred to Pilatobius by Bertolani et al. 2014. Retransferred to Diphascon by Tumanov 2018> Diphascon higginsi Binda, 1971 Diphascon humicus Bertolani, Guidetti & Rebecchi, 1994 Diphascon hydrophilum Pilato, Binda, Bertolani & Lisi, 2005 Diphascon iharosi Vargha, 1995 Diphascon langhovdense (Sudzuki, 1964) Diphascon marcuzzii (Mihelčič, 1971) Diphascon mariae (Mihelčič, 1951) Diphascon mirabilis Dastych, 1984 Diphascon mitrense Pilato, Binda & Qualtieri, 1999 Diphascon nelsonae Pilato, Binda, Bertolani & Lisi, 2005 Diphascon nobilei (Binda, 1969) Diphascon ongulense (Morikawa, 1962) Diphascon pingue pingue (Marcus, 1936) Diphascon pingue brunsvicense Argue, 1972 Diphascon pinguiforme Pilato & Binda, 1997/98 Diphascon platyungue Pilato, Binda, Bertolani & Lisi, 2005 Diphascon polare Pilato & Binda, 1999 Diphascon puchalskii Kaczmarek, Parnikoza, Gawlak, Esefeld, Peter, Kozeretska & Roszkowska, 2017 Diphascon punctatum (Iharos, 1962) Diphascon puniceum (Jennings, 1976) Diphascon rivulare (Mihelčič, 1967) Diphascon rudnickii Kaczmarek, Parnikoza, Gawlak, Esefeld, Peter, Kozeretska & Roszkowska, 2017 Diphascon sanae Dastych, Ryan & Watkins, 1990 Diphascon serratum Pilato, Binda, Bertolani & Lisi, 2005 Diphascon speciosum (Mihelčič, 1971) Diphascon stappersi Richters, 1911 24 Diphascon tenue Thulin, 1928 Diphascon victoriae Pilato & Binda, 1999 Diphascon zaniewi Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2004 Subfamily: Hypsibiinae Pilato, 1969 <Amended by Bertolani et al. 2014> Borealibius Pilato, Guidetti, Rebecchi, Lisi, Hansen & Bertolani, 2006 Borealibius zetlandicus (Murray, 1907) Hypsibius Ehrenberg, 1848 <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2018a> Hypsibius allisoni Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 Hypsibius antonovae (Biserov, 1990) Hypsibius biscuitiformis Bartoš, 1960 Hypsibius calcaratus Bartoš, 1935 Hypsibius camelopardalis Ramazzotti & Maucci, 1983 Hypsibius choucoutiensis Rahm, 1937 Hypsibius convergens (Urbanowicz, 1925) Hypsibius conwentzii Kaczmarek, Parnikoza, Gawlak, Esefeld, Peter, Kozeretska & Roszkowska, 2017 Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840) [Macrobiotus palustris Dujardin, 1851; Macrobiotus lacustris Dujardin, 1851; Macrobiotus tetradactylus Lance, 1896; Macrobiotus murrayi Richters, 1907 {see Hypsibius murrayi}; Macrobiotus samoanus Richters, 1908; Macrobiotus breckneri Richters, 1910; Macrobiotus ursellus Della Valle, 1915; Hypsibius murrayi Marcus, 1929] <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2018a> Hypsibius exemplaris Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk, 2018 Hypsibius fuhrmanni (Heinis, 1914) {subjectively invalid according to Gąsiorek et al. 2018a} Hypsibius giusepperamazzotti Sudzuki, 1975 Hypsibius heardensis Miller, McInnes & Bergstrom, 2005 {see Hypsibius murrayi} Hypsibius hypostomus Bartoš, 1935 Hypsibius iskandarovi Tumanov, 1997 Hypsibius janetscheki Ramazzotti, 1968 Hypsibius klebelsbergi Mihelčič, 1959 Hypsibius kunmingensis Yang, 2002 Hypsibius macrocalcaratus Beasley, 1988 Hypsibius maculatus Iharos, 1969 Hypsibius marcelli Pilato, 1990 Hypsibius microps Thulin, 1928 <Amended by Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2009> Hypsibius montanus Iharos, 1940 [Hypsibius iharosi Bartoš, 1941] Hypsibius morikawai Ito, 1995 Hypsibius multituberculatus Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2003 Hypsibius murrayi (Richters, 1907) <Redescribed by Dastych 2018> [Hypsibius heardensis Miller, McInnes & Bergstrom, 2005 according to Dastych 2018] Hypsibius novaezeelandiae Pilato & Binda, 1997 Hypsibius pachyunguis Maucci, 1996 Hypsibius pallidus Thulin, 1911 <Amended by Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2009> 25 Hypsibius pallidoides Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi, Inshina & Biserov, 2011 Hypsibius pedrottii Bertolani, Manicardi & Gibertoni, 1987 Hypsibius pradellii Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1996 Hypsibius ragonesei Binda & Pilato, 1985 Hypsibius roanensis Nelson & McGlothlin, 1993 Hypsibius runae Bartoš, 1941 Hypsibius scaber Maucci, 1987 Hypsibius scabropygus Cuénot, 1929 Hypsibius septulatus Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2004 Hypsibius seychellensis Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2006 Hypsibius shaanxiensis H. Li & X. Li, 2008 Hypsibius stiliferus Abe, 2004 Hypsibius thaleri Dastych, 2004 Hypsibius valentinae Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi & Sabella, 2012 Hypsibius vaskelae Tumanov, 2018 Subfamily: Itaquasconinae Bartoš in Rudescu, 1964 <Amended by Bertolani et al. 2014> Adropion Pilato, 1987 <Subgenus Adropion of the genus Diphascon raised to genus level and transferred from Diphasconinae by Bertolani et al. 2014> Adropion afroglacialis Zawierucha, Gąsiorek & Buda, 2018 in Zawierucha et al. 2018a Adropion arduifrons (Thulin, 1928) Adropion behanae (Dastych, 1987) Adropion belgicae (Richters, 1911) [Fujiscon diphasconiellum Ito, 1991] <Amended by Bernard 1977> Adropion carolae (Binda & Pilato, 1969) Adropion clavatum (Bartoš, 1935) Adropion gani (Sun, X. Li & Feng, 2014) Adropion gordonense (Pilato, Claxton & Horning, 1991) Adropion greveni (Dastych, 1984) Adropion linzhiensis (X. Li, 2007) Adropion marcusi (Rudescu, 1964) species dubia <Transferred from Mesocrista by Gąsiorek et al. 2016> {for taxonomic status of the species see Gąsiorek et al. 2016} Adropion mauccii (Dastych & McInnes, 1996) Adropion modestum (Binda, Pilato & Dastych, 1984) Adropion montigenum (Pilato & Dastych, 1974) Adropion onorei (Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2002) Adropion prorsirostre (Thulin, 1928) Adropion scoticum scoticum (Murray, 1905) [Diphascon crozetense Richters, 1907] Adropion scoticum ommatophorum (Thulin, 1911) Adropion scoticum qinlingensis (X. Li & Liu, 2005) Adropion tricuspidatum (Binda & Pilato, 2000) Adropion triodon (Maucci, 1996) Adropion vexatum Pilato, Sabella, D'Urso & Lisi, 2017 26 Astatumen Pilato, 1997 Astatumen bartosi (Węglarska, 1959) Astatumen tamaensis (Sudzuki, 1975) Astatumen tamurai (Ito, 1990) Astatumen trinacriae (Arcidiacono, 1962) [Itaquascon ramazzottii Iharos, 1966] Bindius Pilato, 2009 <Transferred from Diphasconinae by Bertolani et al. 2014> Bindius triquetrus Pilato, 2009 Itaquascon de Barros, 1939 Itaquascon biserovi Pilato, Binda & Moncada, 1999 Itaquascon cambewarrense Pilato, Binda & Claxton, 2002 Itaquascon enckelli (Mihelčič, 1971/72) Itaquascon globuliferum Abe & Ito, 1994 Itaquascon mongolicus Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Węglarska, 2002 Itaquascon pawlowskii Węglarska, 1973 Itaquascon pilatoi Lisi, Londoño & Quiroga, 2014 Itaquascon pisoniae Pilato & Lisi, 2009 Itaquascon placophorum Maucci, 1973 Itaquascon simplex (Mihelčič, 1971) Itaquascon umbellinae de Barros, 1939 Itaquascon unguiculum Pilato, Binda & Claxton, 2002 Meplitumen Lisi, Daza, Londoño, Quiroga & Pilato, 2019 Meplitumen aluna Lisi, Daza, Londoño, Quiroga & Pilato, 2019 Mesocrista Pilato, 1987 Mesocrista revelata Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek, Zawierucha, Kaczmarek, Lachowska-Cierlik & Michalczyk, 2016 Mesocrista spitzbergensis (Richters, 1903) <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2016> Parascon Pilato & Binda, 1987 Parascon nichollsae Pilato & Lisi, 2004 Parascon schusteri Pilato & Binda, 1987 Platicrista Pilato, 1987 Platicrista affine (Mihelčič, 1951) Platicrista angustata (Murray, 1905) Platicrista cheleusis Kathman, 1990 [Diphascon craigi Beasley, 1990] Platicrista horribilis Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2003 Platicrista itaquasconoide (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1975) Platicrista ramsayi Marley, 2006 Sarascon Guil, Rodrigo & Machordom, 2014 Sarascon hortensiae Guil, Rodrigo & Machordom, 2014 27 Subfamily: Pilatobiinae Bertolani, Guidetti, Marchioro, Altiero, Rebecchi & Cesari, 2014 Pilatobius Bertolani, Guidetti, Marchioro, Altiero, Rebecchi & Cesari, 2014 Pilatobius aculeatus (Maucci, 1951-1952) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius bisbullatus (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius borealis (Biserov, 1996) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius brevipes (Marcus, 1936) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius bullatus (Murray, 1905) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius burti (Nelson, 1991) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius elongatus (Mihelčič, 1959) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius gerdae (Mihelčič, 1951) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius granifer (Greven, 1972) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius iltisi (Schuster & Grigarick, 1965) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius islandicus Buda & Zawierucha in Buda et al. 2018 Pilatobius latipes (Mihelčič, 1955) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius nodulosus (Ramazzotti, 1957) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius nonbullatus (Mihelčič, 1951) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius oculatus oculatus (Murray, 1906) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius oculatus alpinus (Mihelčič, 1964) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius oculatus canadensis (Murray, 1910) [Hypsibius vancouverensis Thulin, 1911] <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius opisthoglyptus (Maucci, 1987) <Transferred from Diphascon by Tumanov 2018> Pilatobius patanei (Binda & Pilato, 1971) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius procerus (Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2014) <Transferred from Diphascon by Tumanov 2018> Pilatobius ramazzottii (Robotti, 1970) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius recamieri (Richters, 1911) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2017a> Pilatobius rugocaudatus (Rodriguez Roda, 1952) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius rugosus (Bartoš, 1935) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius secchii (Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1996) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> {nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2017a} Pilatobius sexbullatus (Ito, 1995) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius trachydorsatus (Bartoš, 1937) <Transferred from Diphascon by Bertolani et al. 2014> Pilatobius ziliense (Lisi, Sabella & Pilato, 2014) <Transferred from Diphascon by Tumanov 2018> Incerta subfamilia {according to Bertolani et al. 2014} Acutuncus Pilato & Binda, 1997 <Transferred from Hypsibiinae by Bertolani et al. 2014> 28 Acutuncus antarcticus (Richters, 1904) [Hypsibius simoizumii Sudzuki, 1964] Mixibius Pilato, 1992 {to be confirmed in the family Isohypsibiidae, see Marley et al. 2011} <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Bertolani et al. 2014> Mixibius felix Pilato, Sabella, D'Urso & Lisi, 2017 Mixibius fueginus Pilato & Binda, 1996 Mixibius ninguidus Biserov, 1999 Mixibius ornatus Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2002 Mixibius parvus Lisi, Sabella & Pilato, 2014 Mixibius pilatoi L. Wang, 2009 Mixibius saracenus (Pilato, 1973) Mixibius schnurae Pilato, Lisi & Binda, 2010 Mixibius sutirae Pilato, Binda & Lisi 2004 Mixibius tibetanus H. Li & X. Li, 2008 Family: Microhypsibiidae Pilato, 1998 <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2019a> Fractonotus Pilato, 1998 {see Isohypsibiidae} Fractonotus caelatus (Marcus, 1928) Microhypsibius Thulin, 1928 Microhypsibius bertolanii Kristensen, 1982 Microhypsibius japonicus Ito, 1991 Microhypsibius minimus Kristensen, 1982 Microhypsibius truncatus Thulin, 1928 Family: Ramazzottiidae Sands, McInnes, Marley, Goodall-Copestake, Convey & Linse, 2008 {Sands et al. (2008) reported as taxon name Ramazzottidae but the correct name is Ramazzottiidae in compliance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature} Cryoconicus Zawierucha, Stec, Lachowska-Cierlik, Takeuchi, Z. Li & Michalczyk, 2018 Cryoconicus cataphractus (Maucci, 1974) <Transferred from Ramazzottius by Zawierucha et al. 2018b> Cryoconicus kaczmareki Zawierucha, Stec, Lachowska-Cierlik, Takeuchi, Z. Li & Michalczyk, 2018 Hebesuncus Pilato, 1987 Hebesuncus conjungens (Thulin, 1911) Hebesuncus mollispinus Pilato, McInnes & Lisi, 2012 Hebesuncus ryani Dastych & Harris, 1994 Hebesuncus schusteri (Dastych, 1984) Ramazzottius Binda & Pilato, 1986 Ramazzottius affinis Bertolani, Guidetti & Rebecchi, 1994 Ramazzottius agannae Dastych, 2011 29 Ramazzottius andreevi Biserov, 1997/98 Ramazzottius anomalus (Ramazzotti, 1962) Ramazzottius arcticus (Murray, 1907) [Macrobiotus heinisi Richters, 1907] <Transferred from Hypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2018a> Ramazzottius baumanni (Ramazzotti, 1962) Ramazzottius belubellus Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2011 Ramazzottius bunikowskae Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Diduszko, 2006 Ramazzottius caucasicus Biserov, 1997/98 Ramazzottius conifer (Mihelčič, 1938) <Transferred from Hypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2018a> Ramazzottius edmondabouti Séméria, 1993 Ramazzottius horningi Binda & Pilato, 1994 Ramazzottius libycus Pilato, D'Urso & Lisi, 2013 Ramazzottius littoreus Fontoura, Rubal & Veiga, 2017 Ramazzottius ljudmilae Biserov, 1997/98 Ramazzottius montivagus (Dastych, 1983) Ramazzottius nivalis Dastych, 2006 Ramazzottius novemcinctus (Marcus, 1936) Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri (Doyère, 1840) <Amended by Stec et al. 2018> Ramazzottius rupeus Biserov, 1999 Ramazzottius saltensis (Claps & Rossi, 1984) Ramazzottius semisculptus Pilato & Rebecchi, 1992 Ramazzottius subanomalus (Biserov, 1985) Ramazzottius szeptycki (Dastych, 1980) <Amended by Dastych 2009> Ramazzottius theroni Dastych, 1993 Ramazzottius thulini (Pilato, 1970) Ramazzottius tribulosus Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1988 Ramazzottius valaamis Biserov & Tumanov, 1993 Ramazzottius varieornatus Bertolani & Kinchin, 1993 Order: ISOHYPSIBIOIDEA Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 <Corresponding to the superfamily Isohypsibioidea Sands, McInnes, Marley, Goodal-Copestake, Convey & Linse, 2008 amended by Bertolani et al. 2014 and Gąsiorek et al. 2019c and subsequently elevated to higher level by Guil et al. 2019> Family: Doryphoribiidae Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk, 2019 Apodibius Dastych, 1983 <Transferred from 'incertae sedis' to Isohypsibiidae by Dabert et al. 2013; Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Apodibius confusus Dastych, 1983 Apodibius nuntius Binda, 1984 [Apodibius serventyi Morgan & Nicholls, 1986] Apodibius richardi Vargha, 1995 Doryphoribius Pilato, 1969 <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Doryphoribius amazzonicus Lisi, 2011 Doryphoribius barbarae Beasley & Miller, 2012 30 Doryphoribius bertolanii Beasley & Pilato, 1987 Doryphoribius bindae Lisi, 2011 Doryphoribius chetumalensis Pérez-Pech, Anguas-Escalante, Cutz-Pool & Guidetti, 2017 Doryphoribius dawkinsi Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2010 Doryphoribius doryphorus (Binda & Pilato, 1969) Doryphoribius dupliglobulatus Ito, 1995 Doryphoribius elleneddiei Haefke, Spiers, Miller & Lowman, 2014 Doryphoribius evelinae (Marcus, 1928) Doryphoribius flavus (Iharos, 1966) [Doryphoribius citrinus (Maucci, 1973)] <Amended by Lisi 2011> Doryphoribius gibber Beasley & Pilato, 1987 {Based on type material analysis, additional character to the original description was added by Pilato & Lisi 2006} Doryphoribius huangguoshuensis H. Wang, L. Wang & X. Li, 2007 Doryphoribius koreanus Moon, Kim & Bertolani, 1994 Doryphoribius korganovae Biserov, 1994 Doryphoribius longistipes Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius macrodon Binda, Pilato & Dastych, 1980 Doryphoribius maasaimarensis Fontoura, Lisi & Pilato, 2013 Doryphoribius maranguensis Binda & Pilato, 1995 Doryphoribius mariae Pilato & Binda, 1990 Doryphoribius mcinnesae Meng, Sun & X. Li, 2014 Doryphoribius mexicanus Beasley, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius minimus Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius monstruosus (Maucci, 1991) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Doryphoribius neglectus Pilato & Lisi, 2004 Doryphoribius niedbalai Zawierucha, Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2012 Doryphoribius picoensis Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2008 Doryphoribius pilatoi Bertolani, 1984 Doryphoribius polynettae Biserov, 1988 Doryphoribius qinlingense X. Li, Su & Yu, 2004 Doryphoribius quadrituberculatus Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2004 Doryphoribius rosanae Daza, Caicedo, Lisi & Quiroga, 2017 Doryphoribius smokiensis Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2007 Doryphoribius solidunguis Lisi, 2011 Doryphoribius taiwanus X. Li & H. Li, 2008 Doryphoribius tergumrudis Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius tessellatus Meyer, 2011 Doryphoribius turkmenicus Biserov, 1999 Doryphoribius vietnamensis (Iharos, 1969) Doryphoribius zappalai Pilato, 1971 Doryphoribius zyxiglobus (Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978) <Amended by Claxton et al. 2010> Grevenius Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk, 2019 Grevenius annulatus annulatus (Murray, 1905) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> 31 Grevenius annulatus minor (Ramazzotti, 1945) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius asper (Murray, 1906) [Isohypsibius tetradactyloides (Richters, 1907)] {Dastych 2016 amended I. tetradactyloides and synonymized it with I. asper} <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius baicalensis (Ramazzotti, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius baldii (Ramazzotti, 1945) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius baldiioides (Tumanov, 2003) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius brevitubulatus (Rho, Chang & Kim, 1997) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius deconincki (Pilato, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius deflexus (Mihelčič, 1960) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius fuscus (Mihelčič, 1971/72) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius granditintinus (Chang & Rho, 1996) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius granulifer granulifer (Thulin, 1928) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius hydrogogianus (Ito & Tagami, 1993) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius irregibilis (Biserov, 1992) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius karenae (Zawierucha, 2013) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius kenodontis (Kendall-Fite & Nelson, 1996) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius koreanensis (Iharos, 1971) <Isohypsibius granulifer koreanensis (Iharos, 1971) elevated to a species rank and transferred by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius kotovae (Tumanov, 2003) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius kristenseni (Pilato, Catanzaro & Binda, 1989) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius ladogensis (Tumanov, 2003) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius laevis (McInnes, 1995) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius lineatus (Mihelčič, 1969) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius longiunguis (Pilato, 1974) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius malawiensis (Jørgensen, 2001) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius marii (Bertolani, 1982) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius monoicus (Bertolani, 1982) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius myrops (du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius nipponicus (Sudzuki, 1975) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius pulcher (Mihelčič, 1971/72) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> 32 <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius pushkini (Tumanov, 2003) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius rugosus (Guidi & Grabowski, 1996) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius rusticus (Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2015) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius sismicus (Maucci, 1978) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius tubereticulatus (Pilato & Catanzaro, 1989) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius verae (Pilato & Catanzaro, 1989) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Grevenius zappalai (Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2015) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Paradiphascon Dastych, 1992 <Transferred from Diphasconinae to Isohypsibiidae by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Paradiphascon manningi Dastych, 1992 Pseudobiotus Nelson, 1980 <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Pseudobiotus hirsutellus Pilato, Lisi & Binda, 2010 Pseudobiotus kathmanae Nelson, Marley & Bertolani, 1999 Pseudobiotus longiunguis (Iharos, 1968) <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Pseudobiotus matici (Pilato, 1971) Pseudobiotus megalonyx (Thulin, 1928) Pseudobiotus spinifer Chang, Kaczmarek, Lee & Michalczyk, 2007 Pseudobiotus vladimiri Biserov, Dudichev & Biserova, 2001 <Amended by Chang et al. 2007> Thulinius Bertolani, 2003 [Thulinia Bertolani, 1982] <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Thulinius augusti (Murray, 1907) [Macrobiotus lacustris Wenck, 1914] Thulinius itoi (Tsurusaki, 1980) Thulinius romanoi Bertolani, Bartels, Guidetti, Cesari & Nelson, 2014 Thulinius ruffoi (Bertolani, 1982) Thulinius saltursus (Schuster, Toftner & Grigarick, 1978) <Amended and transferred from Isohypsibius by Kaczmarek et al. 2010> Thulinius stephaniae (Pilato, 1974) Family: Halobiotidae Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk, 2019 Halobiotus Kristensen, 1982 <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Halobiotus appelloefi (Richters, 1908) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Halobiotus arcturulius Crisp & Kristensen, 1983 33 Halobiotus crispae Kristensen, 1982 Halobiotus geddesi (Hallas, 1971) <Transferred from Hypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Halobiotus stenostomus (Richters, 1908) [Macrobiotus appelloefi Richters, 1908; Hypsibius (Isohypsibius) geddesi Hallas, 1971] Family: Hexapodibiidae Cesari, Vecchi, Palmer, Bertolani, Pilato, Rebecchi & Guidetti, 2016 <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Haplohexapodibius Pilato & Beasley, 1987 <Transferred from Calohypsibiidae to Isohypsibiidae by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Cesari et al. 2016> Haplohexapodibius seductor Pilato & Beasley, 1987 [Hexapodibius beasleyi Maucci, 1988] Haplomacrobiotus May, 1948 <Transferred from Calohypsibiidae to Isohypsibiidae by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Cesari et al. 2016> Haplomacrobiotus hermosillensis May, 1948 Haplomacrobiotus utahensis Pilato & Beasley, 2005 Hexapodibius Pilato, 1969 <Transferred from Calohypsibiidae to Isohypsibiidae by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Cesari et al. 2016> Hexapodibius bindae Pilato, 1982 Hexapodibius boothi Dastych & McInnes, 1994 Hexapodibius christenberryae Pilato & Binda, 2003 Hexapodibius micronyx Pilato, 1969 Hexapodibius pseudomicronyx Robotti, 1972 Hexapodibius reginae Vargha, 1995 Parhexapodibius Pilato, 1969 <Transferred from Calohypsibiidae to Isohypsibiidae by Bertolani et al. 2014> <Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Cesari et al. 2016> Parhexapodibius bactrianus Biserov, 1999 Parhexapodibius castrii (Ramazzotti, 1964) Parhexapodibius lagrecai (Binda & Pilato, 1969) Parhexapodibius pilatoi (Bernard, 1977) Parhexapodibius ramazzottii Manicardi & Bertolani, 1987 Family: Isohypsibiidae Sands, McInnes, Marley, Goodall-Copestake, Convey & Linse, 2008 <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Apodibius Dastych, 1983 {see Doryphoribiidae} <Transferred from 'incertae sedis' by Dabert et al. 2013> Apodibius confusus Dastych, 1983 Apodibius nuntius Binda, 1984 [Apodibius serventyi Morgan & Nicholls, 1986] Apodibius richardi Vargha, 1995 34 Dastychius Pilato, 2013 Dastychius improvisus (Dastych, 1984) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Pilato 2013> Dianea Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk, 2019 Dianea acuminata Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk, 2019 [Renamed Isohypsibius papillifer indicus (Iharos, 1969) in Gąsiorek et al. 2019c] Dianea basalovoi (Durante & Maucci, 1973) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea belliforma (Mihelčič, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea bella (Mihelčič, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea brevispinosa (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea costata (Mihelčič, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea effusa (Mihelčič, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea franzi (Mihelčič, 1951) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea helenae (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea indica (Murray, 1907) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea mammillosa (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea papillifera papillifer (Murray, 1905) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c; Isohypsibius papillifer bulbosus (Marcus, 1928) suppressed by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea rahmi (X. Li & L. Wang, 2006) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea sattleri (Richters, 1902) [Hypsibius bakonyiensis Iharos, 1964] {the correct reference of Dastych 1990 cited in the previous check lists is: Dastych, H. (1991) Isohypsibius sattleri (Richters 1902), a valid species (Tardigrada). Senckenbergiana biologica, 71, 181–189.} <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea tuberculoides (Mihelčič, 1951) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Dianea vejdovskyi (Bartoš, 1939) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Doryphoribius Pilato, 1969 {see Doryphoribiidae} Doryphoribius amazzonicus Lisi, 2011 Doryphoribius barbarae Beasley & Miller, 2012 Doryphoribius bertolanii Beasley & Pilato, 1987 Doryphoribius bindae Lisi, 2011 Doryphoribius chetumalensis Pérez-Pech, Anguas-Escalante, Cutz-Pool & Guidetti, 2017 35 Doryphoribius dawkinsi Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2010 Doryphoribius doryphorus (Binda & Pilato, 1969) Doryphoribius dupliglobulatus Ito, 1995 Doryphoribius elleneddiei Haefke, Spiers, Miller & Lowman, 2014 Doryphoribius evelinae (Marcus, 1928) Doryphoribius flavus (Iharos, 1966) [Doryphoribius citrinus (Maucci, 1973)] <Amended by Lisi 2011> Doryphoribius gibber Beasley & Pilato, 1987 {Based on type material analysis, additional character to the original description was added by Pilato & Lisi 2006} Doryphoribius huangguoshuensis H. Wang, L. Wang & X. Li, 2007 Doryphoribius koreanus Moon, Kim & Bertolani, 1994 Doryphoribius korganovae Biserov, 1994 Doryphoribius longistipes Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius macrodon Binda, Pilato & Dastych, 1980 Doryphoribius maasaimarensis Fontoura, Lisi & Pilato, 2013 Doryphoribius maranguensis Binda & Pilato, 1995 Doryphoribius mariae Pilato & Binda, 1990 Doryphoribius mcinnesae Meng, Sun & X. Li, 2014 Doryphoribius mexicanus Beasley, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius minimus Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius neglectus Pilato & Lisi, 2004 Doryphoribius niedbalai Zawierucha, Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2012 Doryphoribius picoensis Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2008 Doryphoribius pilatoi Bertolani, 1984 Doryphoribius polynettae Biserov, 1988 Doryphoribius qinlingense X. Li, Su & Yu, 2004 Doryphoribius quadrituberculatus Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2004 Doryphoribius rosanae Daza, Caicedo, Lisi & Quiroga, 2017 Doryphoribius smokiensis Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2007 Doryphoribius solidunguis Lisi, 2011 Doryphoribius taiwanus X. Li & H. Li, 2008 Doryphoribius tergumrudis Bartels, Nelson, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2008 Doryphoribius tessellatus Meyer, 2011 Doryphoribius turkmenicus Biserov, 1999 Doryphoribius vietnamensis (Iharos, 1969) Doryphoribius zappalai Pilato, 1971 Doryphoribius zyxiglobus (Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978) <Amended by Claxton et al. 2010> Eremobiotus Biserov, 1992 Eremobiotus alicatai (Binda, 1969) Eremobiotus ginevrae Lisi, Binda & Pilato, 2016 Eremobiotus ovezovae Biserov, 1992 Fractonotus Pilato, 1998 <Amended and transferred from Microhypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019a> Fractonotus caelatus (Marcus, 1928) 36 Fractonotus gilvus (Biserov, 1986) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019a> Fractonotus verrucosus (Richters, 1900) [Macrobiotus scabrosus Murray, 1911 according to Marcus 1928, Calohypsibius placophorus (da Cunha, 1943) according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019a] <Amended and transferred from Calohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019a> Halobiotus Kristensen, 1982 Halobiotus arcturulius Crisp & Kristensen, 1983 Halobiotus crispae Kristensen, 1982 Halobiotus stenostomus (Richters, 1908) [Macrobiotus appelloefi Richters, 1908; Hypsibius (Isohypsibius) geddesi Hallas, 1971] Isohypsibius Thulin, 1928 <Amended by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius altai Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2006 Isohypsibius annulatus annulatus (Murray, 1905) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius annulatus minor (Ramazzotti, 1945) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius arbiter Binda, 1980 Isohypsibius archangajensis Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2004 Isohypsibius arcuatus (Bartoš, 1934) Isohypsibius asper (Murray, 1906) [Isohypsibius tetradactyloides (Richters, 1907)] {Dastych 2016 amended I. tetradactyloides and synonymized it with I. asper} {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius austriacus (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius baicalensis (Ramazzotti, 1966) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius baldii (Ramazzotti, 1945) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius baldiioides Tumanov, 2003 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius barbarae Pilato & Binda, 2002 Isohypsibius bartosi (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius basalovoi (Durante & Maucci, 1973) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius belliformis (Mihelčič, 1971) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius bellus (Mihelčič, 1971) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius borkini Tumanov, 2003 Isohypsibius brevispinosus (Iharos, 1966) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius brevitubulatus Rho, Chang & Kim, 1997 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius brulloi Pilato & Pennisi, 1976 Isohypsibius bulbifer (Mihelčič, 1957) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius cameruni (Iharos, 1969) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius cambrensis (Morgan, 1976) [Isohypsibius prosostomus cambrensis (Morgan, 1976) raised to a species rank by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c] Isohypsibius campbellensis Pilato, 1996 Isohypsibius canadensis (Murray, 1910) <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius ceciliae Pilato & Binda, 1987 Isohypsibius changbaiensis Yang, 1999 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius chiarae Maucci, 1987 [Isohypsibius bertolanii Manicardi, 1989] Isohypsibius condorcanquii Kaczmarek, Cytan, Zawierucha, Diduszko & Michalczyk, 2014 Isohypsibius costatus (Mihelčič, 1971) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius coulsoni Kaczmarek, Zawierucha, Smykla & Michalczyk, 2012 Isohypsibius cyrilli (Mihelčič, 1951) {see Ursulinius} 37 Isohypsibius damxungensis Yang, 2007 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius dastychi Pilato, Bertolani & Binda, 1982 Isohypsibius deconincki Pilato, 1971 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius deflexus (Mihelčič, 1960) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius dudichi (Iharos, 1964) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius duranteae (Maucci, 1978) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius effusus (Mihelčič, 1971) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius elegans Binda & Pilato, 1971 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius eplenyiensis (Iharos, 1970) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius franzi (Mihelčič, 1951) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius fuscus (Mihelčič, 1971/72) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius gilvus Biserov, 1986 {see Fractonotus} Isohypsibius glaber (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1979) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius glazovi Biserov, 1999 Isohypsibius gracilis (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius granditintinus Chang & Rho, 1996 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius granulifer granulifer Thulin, 1928 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius granulifer koreanensis (Iharos, 1971) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius gyulai (Mihelčič, 1971) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius hadzii (Mihelčič, 1938) <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius helenae (Iharos, 1964) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius hydrogogianus Ito & Tagami, 1993 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius hypostomoides (Mihelčič, 1971) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius indicus (Murray, 1907) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius irregibilis Biserov, 1992 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius jakieli Dastych, 1984 Isohypsibius jingshanensis Yang, 2003 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius jinhouensis Yang, 2007 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius josephi (Iharos, 1964) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius karenae Zawierucha, 2013 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius kenodontis Kendall-Fite & Nelson, 1996 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius kotovae Tumanov, 2003 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius kristenseni Pilato, Catanzaro & Binda, 1989 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius ladogensis Tumanov, 2003 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius laevis McInnes, 1995 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius latiunguis (Iharos, 1964) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius leithaicus (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius liae X. Li & L. Wang, 2006 <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius lineatus (Mihelčič, 1969) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius longiunguis Pilato, 1974 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius lunulatus (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius macrodactylus (Maucci, 1978) [Isohypsibius zierhofferi Dastych, 1980 ] Isohypsibius malawiensis Jørgensen, 2001 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius mammillosus (Iharos, 1964) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius marcellinoi Binda & Pilato, 1971 Isohypsibius marii Bertolani, 1982 {see Grevenius} 38 Isohypsibius mihelcici (Iharos, 1964) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius monoicus Bertolani, 1982 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius monstruosus Maucci, 1991 {see Doryphoribius} Isohypsibius montanus Mihelčič, 1938 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius myrops (du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius neoundulatus (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1975) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius nipponicus Sudzuki, 1975 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius nodosus (Murray, 1907) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius novaeguineae (Iharos, 1967) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius occultus Pilato, D'Urso, Sabella & Lisi, 2019 Isohypsibius palmai Pilato, 1996 Isohypsibius panovi Tumanov, 2005 Isohypsibius papillifer papillifer (Murray, 1905) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius papillifer bulbosus (Marcus, 1928) <Suppressed by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius papillifer indicus (Iharos, 1969) {see Dianea acuminata} Isohypsibius pappi (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius pauper (Mihelčič, 1971) <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius pilatoi (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1979) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius pratensis (Iharos, 1964) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius prosostomus prosostomus Thulin, 1928 Isohypsibius prosostomus cambrensis (Morgan, 1976) {see I. cambrensis} Isohypsibius pseudundulatus (da Cunha & do Nascimento Ribeiro, 1964) Isohypsibius pulcher (Mihelčič, 1971/72) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius pushkini Tumanov, 2003 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius qinlingensis X. Li, L. Wang & Yu, 2005 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius rahmi X. Li & L. Wang, 2006 {see Dianea} Isohypsibius reticulatus Pilato, 1973 Isohypsibius roberti Biserov, 1996 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius ronsisvallei Binda & Pilato, 1969 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius rudescui (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius rugosus Guidi & Grabowski, 1996 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius rusticus Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2015 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius sabellai Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2004 Isohypsibius sattleri (Richters, 1902) [Hypsibius bakonyiensis Iharos, 1964] {the correct reference of Dastych 1990 cited in the previous check lists is: Dastych, H. (1991) Isohypsibius sattleri (Richters 1902), a valid species (Tardigrada). Senckenbergiana biologica, 71, 181–189.} {see Dianea} Isohypsibius schaudinni (Richters, 1909) <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius sculptus (Ramazzotti, 1962) Isohypsibius sellnicki (Mihelčič, 1962) Isohypsibius septentrionalis Thulin, 1928 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius silvicola (Iharos, 1966) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius sismicus (Maucci, 1978) {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius solidus (Mihelčič, 1971) Isohypsibius taibaiensis X. Li & L. Wang, 2005 Isohypsibius theresiae (Iharos, 1964) {see Ursulinius} 39 Isohypsibius torulosus (Mihelčič, 1959) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius truncorum (Iharos, 1964) {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius tuberculatus (Plate, 1888) <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius tuberculoides (Mihelčič, 1951) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius tubereticulatus Pilato & Catanzaro, 1989 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius tucumanensis Claps & Rossi, 1984 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius undulatus Thulin, 1928 Isohypsibius vejdovskyi (Bartoš, 1939) {see Dianea} Isohypsibius verae Pilato & Catanzaro, 1989 {see Grevenius} Isohypsibius verrucosus (Della Valle, 1915) [Isohypsibius gibbus (Marcus, 1928)] <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius wilsoni (Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978) Isohypsibius woodsae Kathman, 1990 {see Ursulinius} Isohypsibius yunnanensis Yang, 2002 <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Isohypsibius zappalai Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2015 {see Grevenius} Paradiphascon Dastych, 1992 {see Doryphoribiidae} <Transferred from Diphasconinae by Bertolani et al. 2014> Paradiphascon manningi Dastych, 1992 Pseudobiotus Nelson, 1980 {see Doryphoribiidae} Pseudobiotus hirsutellus Pilato, Lisi & Binda, 2010 Pseudobiotus kathmanae Nelson, Marley & Bertolani, 1999 Pseudobiotus longiunguis (Iharos, 1968) Pseudobiotus matici (Pilato, 1971) Pseudobiotus megalonyx (Thulin, 1928) Pseudobiotus spinifer Chang, Kaczmarek, Lee & Michalczyk, 2007 Pseudobiotus vladimiri Biserov, Dudichev & Biserova, 2001 <Amended by Chang et al. 2007> Ramajendas Pilato & Binda, 1990 {see incertae sedis} {probably belongs to the family Ramazzottiidae according to Bertolani et al. 2014} <Transferred from Ramazzottiidae by Zawierucha et al. 2018b> Ramajendas dastychi Kaczmarek, Janko, Smykla & Michalczyk, 2013 Ramajendas frigidus Pilato & Binda, 1990 Ramajendas heatwolei Miller, Horning & Dastych, 1995 Ramajendas renaudi (Ramazzotti, 1972) Thalerius Dastych, 2009 {see incertae sedis} {to be confirmed in the family Isohypsibiidae, see Marley et al. 2011; probably belongs to the family Ramazzottiidae according to Bertolani et al. 2014} <Transferred from Ramazzottiidae by Zawierucha et al. 2018b> Thalerius konradi Dastych, 2009 Thulinius Bertolani, 2003 {see Doryphoribiidae} [Thulinia Bertolani, 1982] Thulinius augusti (Murray, 1907) [Macrobiotus lacustris Wenck, 1914] Thulinius itoi (Tsurusaki, 1980) 40 Thulinius romanoi Bertolani, Bartels, Guidetti, Cesari & Nelson, 2014 Thulinius ruffoi (Bertolani, 1982) Thulinius saltursus (Schuster, Toftner & Grigarick, 1978) <Amended and transferred from Isohypsibius by Kaczmarek et al. 2010> Thulinius stephaniae (Pilato, 1974) Ursulinius Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk, 2019 Ursulinius austriacus (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius bartosi (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius bulbifer (Mihelčič, 1957) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius cameruni (Iharos, 1969) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius cyrilli (Mihelčič, 1951) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius dudichi (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius duranteae (Maucci, 1978) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius elegans (Binda & Pilato, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius eplenyiensis (Iharos, 1970) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius glaber (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1979) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius gracilis (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius gyulai (Mihelčič, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <species dubia according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius hypostomoides (Mihelčič, 1971) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius josephi (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius latiunguis (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius leithaicus (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius lunulatus (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius mihelcici (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius montanus Mihelčič, 1938 <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius neoundulatus (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1975) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius nodosus (Murray, 1907) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius novaeguineae (Iharos, 1967) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius pappi (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius pilatoi (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1979) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius pratensis (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> 41 Ursulinius qinlingensis (X. Li, L. Wang & Yu, 2005) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius roberti (Biserov, 1996) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius ronsisvallei (Binda & Pilato, 1969) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius rudescui (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius septentrionalis (Thulin, 1928) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius silvicola (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius theresiae (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> <nomen inquirendum according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius torulosus (Mihelčič, 1959) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius truncorum (Iharos, 1964) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius tucumanensis (Claps & Rossi, 1984) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ursulinius woodsae (Kathman, 1990) <Transferred from Isohypsibius by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Incertae sedis {according to Gąsiorek et al. 2019c} Ramajendas Pilato & Binda, 1990 {probably belongs to the family Ramazzottiidae according to Bertolani et al. 2014} <Transferred from Ramazzottiidae to Isohypsibiidae by Zawierucha et al. 2018b; Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Ramajendas dastychi Kaczmarek, Janko, Smykla & Michalczyk, 2013 Ramajendas frigidus Pilato & Binda, 1990 Ramajendas heatwolei Miller, Horning & Dastych, 1995 Ramajendas renaudi (Ramazzotti, 1972) Thalerius Dastych, 2009 {to be confirmed in the family Isohypsibiidae, see Marley et al. 2011; probably belongs to the family Ramazzottiidae according to Bertolani et al. 2014} <Transferred from Ramazzottiidae to Isohypsibiidae by Zawierucha et al. 2018b; Transferred from Isohypsibiidae by Gąsiorek et al. 2019c> Thalerius konradi Dastych, 2009 Order: MACROBIOTOIDEA Guil, Jørgensen & Kristensen, 2019 <Corresponding to the superfamily Macrobiotoidea Thulin, 1928 in Marley et al. 2011 elevated to higher level by Guil et al. 2019> Family: Macrobiotidae Thulin, 1928 Biserovus Guidetti & Pilato, 2003 Biserovus bindae (Christenberry & Higgins, 1979) Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) Dastych, 1993 42 Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) digeronimoi Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004 Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) filmeri Dastych, 1993 Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) gildae (Maucci & Durante Pasa, 1980) Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) hainanensis X. Li, D. Wang & L. Wang, 2008 Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) imperialis Abe & Takeda, 2000 Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) longinoi Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Guidetti, 2006 Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) occultus Dastych, 1993 Calcarobiotus (Calcarobiotus) parvicalcar Pilato & Lisi, 2009 Calcarobiotus (Discrepunguis) Guidetti & Bertolani, 2001 Calcarobiotus (Discrepunguis) polygonatus (Binda & Guglielmino, 1991) [Macrobiotus eugranulatus Maucci, 1993] Calcarobiotus (Discrepunguis) tetrannulatus Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004 Famelobiotus Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004 Famelobiotus scalicii Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004 Insuetifurca Guidetti & Pilato, 2003 Insuetifurca arrowsmithi (Kathman & Nelson, 1989) Insuetifurca austronipponica Abe, 2005 Insuetifurca fujiense (Ito, 1997) Insuetifurca xiae (X. Li, Su & Yu, 2004) <Amended and transferred from Biserovus by Li 2009> Macrobiotus C.A.S. Schultze, 1834 Macrobiotus acadianus (Meyer & Domingue, 2011) {Transferred from Minibiotus by Stec et al. 2015} Macrobiotus almadai Fontoura, Pilato & Lisi, 2008 Macrobiotus alvaroi Pilato & Kaczmarek, 2007 Macrobiotus anderssoni Richters, 1907 Macrobiotus andinus Maucci, 1988 Macrobiotus anemone Meyer, Domingue & Hinton, 2014 Macrobiotus annae Richters, 1908 Macrobiotus ariekammensis Węglarska, 1965 [Macrobiotus adelges Dastych, 1977] Macrobiotus artipharyngis Iharos, 1940 Macrobiotus ascensionis Richters, 1908 Macrobiotus biserovi Bertolani, Guidi & Rebecchi, 1996 Macrobiotus brevipes Mihelčič, 1971/72 Macrobiotus caelicola Kathman, 1990 Macrobiotus canaricus Stec, Krzywański & Michalczyk, 2018 Macrobiotus carsicus Maucci, 1954 Macrobiotus caymanensis Meyer, 2011 Macrobiotus crenulatus Richters, 1904 [Macrobiotus dentatus Binda, 1974] Macrobiotus dariae Pilato & Bertolani, 2004 Macrobiotus deceptor Meyer, Hinton, Gladney & Klumpp, 2017 Macrobiotus denticulus Dastych, 2002 Macrobiotus diversus Biserov, 1990 Macrobiotus drakensbergi Dastych, 1993 43 Macrobiotus dulciporus Roszkowska, Gawlak, Draga & Kaczmarek, 2019 Macrobiotus echinogenitus Richters, 1904 Macrobiotus evelinae de Barros, 1938 Macrobiotus furcatus Ehrenberg, 1859 [nec Macrobiotus furcatus Murray, 1906] {Re-transferred from Minibiotus by Bertolani et al. 2014} Macrobiotus gemmatus Bartoš, 1963 Macrobiotus glebkai Biserov, 1990 Macrobiotus grandis Richters, 1911 Macrobiotus halophilus Fontoura, Rubal & Veiga, 2017 Macrobiotus hannae Nowak & Stec, 2018 Macrobiotus hibiscus de Barros, 1942 Macrobiotus horningi Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2017 Macrobiotus hufelandi hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze, 1834 [Macrobiotus schultzei Greeff, 1866 according to Marcus 1928] Macrobiotus humilis Binda & Pilato, 2001 Macrobiotus hyperboreus Biserov, 1990 Macrobiotus iharosi Pilato, Binda & Catanzaro, 1991 Macrobiotus insignis Bartoš, 1963 Macrobiotus insularis Pilato, 2006 Macrobiotus joannae Pilato & Binda, 1983 Macrobiotus julianae (Meyer, 2012) {Transferred from Minibiotus by Stec et al. 2015} Macrobiotus kazmierskii Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2009 Macrobiotus kirghizicus Tumanov, 2005 Macrobiotus kolleri Mihelčič, 1951 Macrobiotus komareki Bartoš, 1939 Macrobiotus kristenseni Guidetti, Peluffo, Rocha, Cesari & Moly de Peluffo, 2013 Macrobiotus kurasi Dastych, 1981 Macrobiotus lazzaroi Maucci, 1986 [Macrobiotus spallanzanii Maucci, 1973] Macrobiotus lissostomus Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1979 Macrobiotus longipes Mihelčič, 1971/72 Macrobiotus macrocalix Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1993 Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973 <Amended and elevated to the species level by Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017> Macrobiotus madegassus Maucci, 1993 Macrobiotus mandalaae Pilato, 1974 Macrobiotus marlenae Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2004 Macrobiotus martini Bartels, Pilato, Lisi & Nelson, 2009 Macrobiotus modestus Pilato & Lisi, 2009 Macrobiotus naskreckii Bąkowski, Roszkowska, Gawlak & Kaczmarek, 2016 Macrobiotus nebrodensis Pilato, Sabella, D'Urso & Lisi, 2017 Macrobiotus nelsonae Guidetti, 1998 Macrobiotus noemiae Roszkowska & Kaczmarek, 2019 Macrobiotus norvegicus Mihelčič, 1971/72 Macrobiotus occidentalis occidentalis Murray, 1910 Macrobiotus occidentalis striatus Dastych, 1974 Macrobiotus ocotensis Pilato, 2006 Macrobiotus ovidii Bartoš, 1937 44 Macrobiotus ovovillosus Baumann, 1960 Macrobiotus pallarii Maucci, 1954 [Macrobiotus aviglianae Robotti, 1970] {Incorrectly transferred to Mesobiotus due to an error during the printing process of Vecchi et al. 2016a; the authors are waiting an errata corrigenda corrected in Vecchi et al. 2016b} Macrobiotus papei Stec, Kristensen & Michalczyk, 2018 Macrobiotus papillosus Iharos, 1963 Macrobiotus patagonicus Maucci, 1988 Macrobiotus paulinae Stec, Smolak, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2015 Macrobiotus persimilis Binda & Pilato, 1972 Macrobiotus personatus Biserov, 1990 Macrobiotus pisacensis Kaczmarek, Cytan, Zawierucha, Diduszko & Michalczyk, 2014 Macrobiotus polonicus Pilato, Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Lisi, 2003 Macrobiotus polyopus Marcus, 1928 Macrobiotus polypiformis Roszkowska, Ostrowska, Stec, Janko & Kaczmarek, 2017 Macrobiotus porteri Rahm, 1931 Macrobiotus potockii Węglarska, 1968 Macrobiotus primitivae de Barros, 1942 Macrobiotus psephus du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944 Macrobiotus pseudofurcatus Pilato, 1972 Macrobiotus punctillus Pilato, Binda & Azzaro, 1990 Macrobiotus ragonesei Binda, Pilato, Moncada & Napolitano, 2001 Macrobiotus ramoli Dastych, 2005 Macrobiotus rawsoni Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 <Amended by Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017> Macrobiotus recens Cuénot, 1932 Macrobiotus rollei Heinis, 1920 Macrobiotus rubens Murray, 1907 Macrobiotus sandrae Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1993 Macrobiotus santoroi Pilato & D'Urso, 1976 Macrobiotus sapiens Binda & Pilato, 1984 Macrobiotus scoticus Stec, Morek, Gąsiorek, Blagden & Michalczyk, 2017 Macrobiotus semmelweisi Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2006 Macrobiotus serratus Bertolani, Guidi & Rebecchi, 1996 Macrobiotus seychellensis Biserov, 1994 Macrobiotus shennongensis Yang, 1999 Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec, Arakawa & Michalczyk, 2018 Macrobiotus sottilei Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi & Sabella, 2012 Macrobiotus spectabilis Thulin, 1928 Macrobiotus spertii Ramazzotti, 1957 Macrobiotus striatus Mihelčič, 1949 Macrobiotus terminalis Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1993 Macrobiotus terricola Mihelčič, 1951 Macrobiotus tetraplacoides Fontoura, 1981 Macrobiotus topali Iharos, 1969 Macrobiotus trunovae Biserov, Pilato & Lisi, 2011 Macrobiotus virgatus Murray, 1910 Macrobiotus vladimiri Bertolani, Biserov, Rebecchi & Cesari, 2011 45 Macrobiotus wuyishanensis Zhang & Sun, 2014 Macrobiotus yunshanensis Yang, 2002 Mesobiotus Vecchi, Cesari, Bertolani, Jönsson, Rebecchi & Guidetti, 2016a Mesobiotus altitudinalis (Biserov, 1997/98) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus aradasi (Binda, Pilato & Lisi, 2005) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus arguei (Pilato & Sperlinga, 1975) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus armatus (Pilato & Binda, 1996) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> {species inquirenda according to Roszkowska et al. 2017} Mesobiotus australis (Pilato & D'Urso, 1976) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus baltatus (McInnes, 1991) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus barabanovi (Tumanov, 2005) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus barbarae (Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Degma, 2007) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus binieki (Kaczmarek, Gołdyn, Prokop & Michalczyk, 2011) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus blocki (Dastych, 1984) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus contii (Pilato & Lisi, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus coronatus (de Barros, 1942) <Amended by Pilato et al. 2000> <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus creber (Pilato & Lisi, 2009) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus diffusus (Binda & Pilato, 1987) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus diguensis (Pilato & Lisi, 2009) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus dimentmani (Pilato, Lisi & Binda, 2010) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus divergens (Binda, Pilato & Lisi, 2005) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus erminiae (Binda & Pilato, 1999) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus ethiopicus Stec & Kristensen, 2017 Mesobiotus furciger (Murray, 1907) [Macrobiotus ehrenbergi Heinis, 1921; Macrobiotus furcatus Murray, 1906] <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus harmsworthi harmsworthi (Murray, 1907) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> <Redescribed by Kaczmarek et al. 2018> [Mesobiotus harmsworthi obscurus (Dastych, 1985) according to Kaczmarek et al. 2018] Mesobiotus harmsworthi obscurus (Dastych, 1985) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016> {see M. harmsworthi} Mesobiotus helenae Tumanov & Pilato, 2019 Mesobiotus hieronimi (Pilato & Claxton, 1988) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> 46 Mesobiotus hilariae Vecchi, Cesari, Bertolani, Jönsson, Rebecchi & Guidetti, 2016a Mesobiotus insanis Mapalo, Stec, Mirano-Bascos & Michalczyk, 2017 Mesobiotus insuetus (Pilato, Sabella & Lisi, 2014) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus kovalevi (Tumanov, 2004) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus krynauwi (Dastych & Harris, 1995) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus liviae (Ramazzotti, 1962) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus lusitanicus (Maucci & Durante Pasa, 1984) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus mauccii (Pilato, 1974) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus meridionalis (Richters, 1909) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus montanus (Murray, 1910) [Macrobiotus morulatus Bartoš, 1936] <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus mottai (Binda & Pilato, 1994) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus neuquensis (Rossi, Claps & Ardohain, 2009) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus nikolaevae Tumanov, 2018 Mesobiotus nuragicus (Pilato & Sperlinga, 1975) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus occultatus Kaczmarek, Zawierucha, Buda, Stec, Gawlak, Michalczyk & Roszkowska, 2018 Mesobiotus orcadensis (Murray, 1907) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus ovostriatus (Pilato & Patanè, 1998) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus patiens (Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2000) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus perfidus (Pilato & Lisi, 2009) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus peterseni (Maucci, 1991) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus philippinicus Mapalo, Stec, Mirano-Bascos & Michalczyk, 2016 Mesobiotus pilatoi (Binda & Rebecchi, 1992) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus polaris (Murray, 1910) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus pseudoblocki Roszkowska, Stec, Ciobanu & Kaczmarek, 2016 Mesobiotus pseudocoronatus (Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus pseudoliviae (Pilato & Binda, 1996) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus pseudonuragicus (Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus pseudopatiens Kaczmarek & Roszkowska, 2016 Mesobiotus radiatus (Pilato, Binda & Catanzaro, 1991) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus reinhardti (Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2003) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by 47 Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus rigidus (Pilato & Lisi, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus romani Roszkowska, Stec, Gawlak & Kaczmarek, 2018 Mesobiotus siamensis (Tumanov, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus sicheli (Binda, Pilato & Lisi, 2005) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus simulans (Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2000) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus skorackii Kaczmarek, Zawierucha, Buda, Stec, Gawlak, Michalczyk & Roszkowska, 2018 Mesobiotus snaresensis (Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus stellaris (du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1944) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus szeptyckii (Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2009) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus tehuelchensis (Rossi, Claps & Ardohain, 2009) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus wuzhishanensis (Yin, L. Wang & X. Li, 2011) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Mesobiotus zhejiangensis (Yin, L. Wang & X. Li, 2011) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Vecchi et al. 2016a> Minibiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980 Minibiotus acontistus (de Barros, 1942) Minibiotus aculeatus (Murray, 1910) [Macrobiotus intermedius subjulietae Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978] Minibiotus africanus Binda & Pilato, 1995 Minibiotus allani (Murray, 1913) Minibiotus aquatilis Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus asteris Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus bisoctus (Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978) Minibiotus claxtonae Rossi, Claps & Ardohain, 2009 Minibiotus constellatus Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2003 Minibiotus continuus Pilato & Lisi, 2006 Minibiotus crassidens (Murray, 1907) Minibiotus decrescens Binda & Pilato, 1995 Minibiotus diphasconides (Iharos, 1969) Minibiotus diversus Ciobanu, Roszkowska & Kaczmarek, 2015 Minibiotus eichhorni Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2004 Minibiotus ethelae Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus fallax Pilato, Claxton & Binda, 1989 Minibiotus floriparus Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus formosus Zawierucha, Dziamięcki, Jakubowska, Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2014 Minibiotus granatai (Pardi, 1941) Minibiotus gumersindoi Guil & Guidetti, 2005 Minibiotus harrylewisi Meyer & Hinton, 2009 48 Minibiotus hispidus Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus hufelandioides (Murray, 1910) Minibiotus intermedius (Plate, 1888) Minibiotus jonesorum Meyer, Lyons, Nelson & Hinton, 2011 Minibiotus julietae (de Barros, 1942) Minibiotus keppelensis Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus maculartus Pilato & Claxton, 1988 Minibiotus marcusi (de Barros, 1942) Minibiotus milleri Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus orthofasciatus Fontoura, Pilato, Lisi & Morais, 2009 Minibiotus pentannulatus Londoño, Daza, Lisi & Quiroga, 2017 Minibiotus pilatus Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus poricinctus Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus pseudostellarus Roszkowska, Stec, Ciobanu & Kaczmarek, 2016 Minibiotus pustulatus (Ramazzotti, 1959) Minibiotus ramazzottii Binda & Pilato, 1992 Minibiotus scopulus Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus sidereus Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2003 Minibiotus stuckenbergi (Dastych, Ryan & Watkins, 1990) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Dastych & Drummond 1996> Minibiotus subintermedius (Ramazzotti, 1962) Minibiotus taiti Claxton, 1998 Minibiotus vinciguerrae Binda & Pilato, 1992 Minibiotus weglarskae Michalczyk, Kaczmarek & Claxton, 2005 Minibiotus weinerorum (Dastych, 1984) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Miller et al. 1994> Minibiotus wuzhishanensis X. Li, D. Wang & L. Wang, 2008 Minibiotus xavieri Fontoura, Pilato, Morais & Lisi, 2009 Minilentus Guidetti & Pilato, 2003 Minilentus dubius (Schuster & Toftner, 1982) Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) Marley, Kaczmarek, Gawlak, Bartels, Nelson, Roszkowska, Stec & Degma, 2018 {The genus was split into two subgenera by Kaczmarek et al. 2017; The division amended by Marley et al. 2018} Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) areolatus (Murray, 1907) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) centesimus (Pilato, 2000) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) crenatus (Maucci, 1991) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) csotiensis (Iharos, 1966) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> <Amended by Kaczmarek et al. 2017> Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) derkai (Degma, Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2008) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) huziori (Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> 49 Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) intii Kaczmarek, Cytan, Zawierucha, Diduszko & Michalczyk, 2014 Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) klymenki Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi & Sabella, 2012 Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) lachowskae Stec, Roszkowska, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2018 Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) spinosus Kaczmarek, Gawlak, Bartels, Nelson & Roszkowska, 2017 Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) tonollii (Ramazzotti, 1956) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Amicrobiotus) walteri (Biserov, 1997/98) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) Guidetti, Schill, Bertolani, Dandekar & Wolf, 2009 <Generic diagnosis amended by Kaczmarek et al. 2017> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) alekseevi (Tumanov, 2005) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) arduus Guidetti, Cesari, Bertolani, Altiero & Rebecchi, 2019 Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) beotiae (Durante Pasa & Maucci, 1979) {species dubia; Guidetti et al. 2009} Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) celsus Guidetti, Cesari, Bertolani, Altiero & Rebecchi, 2019 Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) chieregoi (Maucci & Durante Pasa, 1980) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) corgatensis (Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2002) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) danielae (Pilato, Binda, Napolitano & Moncada, 2001) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) danielisae (Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Degma 2013> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) depressus Guidetti, Cesari, Bertolani, Altiero & Rebecchi, 2019 Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) fairbanksi Schill, Förster, Dandekar & Wolf, 2010 {The species have been diagnosed based on genetic data only and no morphological difference from Paramacrobiotus richtersi has been found} <Amended by Guidetti et al. 2019> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) garynahi (Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Diduszko, 2005) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) gerlachae (Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2004) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) halei (Bartels, Pilato, Lisi & Nelson, 2009) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Bartels & Nelson 2012> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) hapukuensis (Pilato, Binda & Lisi, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Degma 2013> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) kenianus Schill, Förster, Dandekar & Wolf, 2010 {The species have been diagnosed based on genetic data only and no morphological difference from Paramacrobiotus richtersi has been found} 50 Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) lorenae (Biserov, 1996) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) magdalenae (Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) palaui Schill, Förster, Dandekar & Wolf, 2010 {The species have been diagnosed based on genetic data only and no morphological difference from Paramacrobiotus richtersi has been found} Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) peteri (Pilato, Claxton & Binda, 1989) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) pius Lisi, Binda & Pilato, 2016 Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) priviterae (Binda, Pilato, Moncada & Napolitano, 2001) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Degma 2013> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) richtersi (Murray, 1911) [Macrobiotus schultzei Cuénot, 1932 according to Marcus 1936] <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> <Amended by Guidetti et al. 2019> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) rioplatensis (Claps & Rossi, 1997) {doubly attributed to the genus; Guidetti et al. 2009} Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) sagani Daza, Caicedo, Lisi & Quiroga, 2017 Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) savai (Binda & Pilato, 2001) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) sklodowskae (Michalczyk, Kaczmarek & Węglarska, 2006) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Degma 2013> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) spatialis Guidetti, Cesari, Bertolani, Altiero & Rebecchi, 2019 Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) submorulatus (Iharos, 1966) <Amended and transferred from Macrobiotus by Kaczmarek et al., 2017> Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) vanescens (Pilato, Binda & Catanzaro, 1991) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2009> {Based on type material analysis, additional characters to the original description were added by Binda & Pilato 2001 and Pilato et al. 2001} Paramacrobiotus (Paramacrobiotus) wauensis (Iharos, 1973) <Amended and transferred from Macrobiotus by Kaczmarek et al., 2017> Pseudodiphascon Ramazzotti, 1965 genus dubium [in Guidetti & Pilato 2003] Pseudodiphascon inflexum (Arcidiacono, 1964) Pseudohexapodibius Bertolani & Biserov, 1996 Pseudohexapodibius degenerans (Biserov, 1990) Schusterius Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2006 Schusterius tridigitus (R.O. Schuster, 1983) Tenuibiotus Pilato & Lisi, 2011 Tenuibiotus bondavallii (Manicardi, 1989) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus bozhkae Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi, Inshina & Biserov, 2011 Tenuibiotus ciprianoi (Guil, Guidetti & Machordom, 2007) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by 51 Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus danilovi (Tumanov, 2007) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus higginsi (Maucci, 1987) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus hyperonyx (Maucci, 1983) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus hystricogenitus (Maucci, 1978) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus kozharai (Biserov, 1999) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus mongolicus (Maucci, 1988) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus tenuiformis (Tumanov, 2007) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus tenuis (Binda & Pilato, 1972) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Tenuibiotus voronkovi (Tumanov, 2007) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> <Amended by Zawierucha et al. 2016> Tenuibiotus willardi (Pilato, 1977) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Pilato & Lisi 2011> Xerobiotus Bertolani & Biserov, 1996 Xerobiotus euxinus Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi, Inshina & Biserov, 2011 Xerobiotus pseudohufelandi (Iharos, 1966) [Macrobiotus inermis Binda & Pilato, 1971] Xerobiotus xerophilus (Dastych, 1978) Family: Murrayidae Guidetti, Rebecchi & Bertolani, 2000 Dactylobiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980 Dactylobiotus ambiguus (Murray, 1907) Dactylobiotus ampullaceus (Thulin, 1911) Dactylobiotus aquatilis Yang, 1999 Dactylobiotus caldarellai Pilato & Binda, 1994 Dactylobiotus dervizi Biserov, 1998 Dactylobiotus dispar (Murray, 1907) Dactylobiotus grandipes (Schuster, Toftner & Grigarick, 1978) <Amended by Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2010> Dactylobiotus haplonyx Maucci, 1981 Dactylobiotus henanensis Yang, 2002 Dactylobiotus kansae Beasley, Miller & Shively, 2009 Dactylobiotus lombardoi Binda & Pilato, 1999 Dactylobiotus luci Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Eggermont, 2008 Dactylobiotus macronyx (Dujardin, 1851) Dactylobiotus octavi Guidetti, Altiero & Hansen, 2006 Dactylobiotus parthenogeneticus Bertolani, 1982 Dactylobiotus selenicus Bertolani, 1982 Dactylobiotus vulcanus Kaczmarek, Schabetsberger, Litwin & Michalczyk, 2012 Macroversum Pilato & Catanzaro, 1988 Macroversum mirum Pilato & Catanzaro, 1988 Murrayon Bertolani & Pilato, 1988 52 Murrayon dianeae (Kristensen, 1982) Murrayon hastatus (Murray, 1907) Murrayon hibernicus (Murray, 1911) Murrayon hyperoncus Meyer, Domingue & Hinton, 2014 Murrayon nocentiniae (Ramazzotti, 1961) Murrayon ovoglabellus (Biserov, 1988) Murrayon pullari (Murray, 1907) Murrayon stellatus Guidetti, 1998 Family: Richtersiidae Guidetti, Rebecchi, Bertolani, Jönsson, Kristensen & Cesari, 2016 Adorybiotus Maucci & Ramazzotti, 1981 <Transferred from Macrobiotidae by Guidetti et al. 2016> Adorybiotus granulatus (Richters, 1903) Diaforobiotus Guidetti, Rebecchi, Bertolani, Jönsson, Kristensen & Cesari, 2016 Diaforobiotus islandicus islandicus (Richters, 1904) [Macrobiotus ruffoi Maucci, 1973] <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2016> Diaforobiotus islandicus nicaraguensis (Séméria, 1985) <Transferred from Macrobiotus by Guidetti et al. 2016> Richtersius Pilato & Binda, 1989 <Transferred from Macrobiotidae by Guidetti et al. 2016> [Richtersia Pilato & Binda, 1987] Richtersius coronifer (Richters, 1903) Incertae sedis {the placement of the following taxa into any superfamily remains still unclear, see Marley et al. 2011} Family: Beornidae Cooper, 1964 Beorn Cooper, 1964 Beorn leggi Cooper, 1964 {fossil species} Family: Necopinatidae Ramazzotti & Maucci, 1983 Necopinatum Pilato, 1971 Necopinatum mirabile Pilato, 1971 References Bartels, P.J. & Nelson, D.R. 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