Diversity of duckweed (<i>Lemnaceae</i>) associated yeasts and their plant growth promoting characteristics

Napapohn Kajadpai; Jirameth Angchuan; Pannida Khunnamwong; Nantana Srisuk; Napapohn Kajadpai; Jirameth Angchuan; Pannida Khunnamwong; Nantana Srisuk

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2023026

AIMS Microbiology

2023, Volume 9, Issue 3: 486-517. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2023026

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Research article

Diversity of duckweed (Lemnaceae) associated yeasts and their plant growth promoting characteristics

1.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
2.
Biodiversity Center Kasetsart University (BDCKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand

Received: 23 March 2023 Revised: 02 May 2023 Accepted: 09 May 2023 Published: 16 May 2023

The diversity of duckweed (Lemnaceae) associated yeasts was studied using a culture-dependent method. A total of 252 yeast strains were isolated from 53 duckweed samples out of the 72 samples collected from 16 provinces in Thailand. Yeast identification was conducted based on the D1/D2 region of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene sequence analysis. It revealed that 55.2% and 44.8% yeast species were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota duckweed associated yeasts, respectively. Among all, Papiliotrema laurentii, a basidiomycetous yeast, was found as the most prevalent species showing a relative of frequency and frequency of occurrence of 21.8% and 25%, respectively. In this study, high diversity index values were shown, indicated by the Shannon-Wiener index (H′), Shannon equitability index (E_H) and Simpson diversity index (1-D) values of 3.48, 0.86 and 0.96, respectively. The present results revealed that the yeast community on duckweed had increased species diversity, with evenness among species. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed no marked differences in yeast communities among duckweed genera. The species accumulation curve showed that the observed species richness was lower than expected. Investigation of the plant growth promoting traits of the isolated yeast on duckweed revealed that 178 yeast strains produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at levels ranging from 0.08–688.93 mg/L. Moreover, siderophore production and phosphate solubilization were also studied. One hundred and seventy-three yeast strains produced siderophores and exhibited siderophores that showed 0.94–2.55 activity units (AU). One hundred six yeast strains showed phosphate solubilization activity, expressed as solubilization efficiency (SE) units, in the range of 0.32–2.13 SE. This work indicates that duckweed associated yeast is a potential microbial resource that can be used for plant growth promotion.
- yeast,
- diversity,
- duckweed,
- plant growth promotion
Citation: Napapohn Kajadpai, Jirameth Angchuan, Pannida Khunnamwong, Nantana Srisuk. Diversity of duckweed (Lemnaceae) associated yeasts and their plant growth promoting characteristics[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2023, 9(3): 486-517. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2023026

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Abstract

The diversity of duckweed (Lemnaceae) associated yeasts was studied using a culture-dependent method. A total of 252 yeast strains were isolated from 53 duckweed samples out of the 72 samples collected from 16 provinces in Thailand. Yeast identification was conducted based on the D1/D2 region of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene sequence analysis. It revealed that 55.2% and 44.8% yeast species were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota duckweed associated yeasts, respectively. Among all, Papiliotrema laurentii, a basidiomycetous yeast, was found as the most prevalent species showing a relative of frequency and frequency of occurrence of 21.8% and 25%, respectively. In this study, high diversity index values were shown, indicated by the Shannon-Wiener index (H′), Shannon equitability index (E_H) and Simpson diversity index (1-D) values of 3.48, 0.86 and 0.96, respectively. The present results revealed that the yeast community on duckweed had increased species diversity, with evenness among species. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed no marked differences in yeast communities among duckweed genera. The species accumulation curve showed that the observed species richness was lower than expected. Investigation of the plant growth promoting traits of the isolated yeast on duckweed revealed that 178 yeast strains produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at levels ranging from 0.08–688.93 mg/L. Moreover, siderophore production and phosphate solubilization were also studied. One hundred and seventy-three yeast strains produced siderophores and exhibited siderophores that showed 0.94–2.55 activity units (AU). One hundred six yeast strains showed phosphate solubilization activity, expressed as solubilization efficiency (SE) units, in the range of 0.32–2.13 SE. This work indicates that duckweed associated yeast is a potential microbial resource that can be used for plant growth promotion.

Acknowledgments

This research is funded by Kasetsart University through the Graduate School Fellowship Program to Napapohn Kajadpai. We also acknowledge a support from Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), JICA. We would also like to thank UGSAS-GU via the “Microbiology Laboratory Station for IC-GU12” at Kasetsart University and International SciKU Branding (ISB), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University. We would like to acknowledge Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kannika Duangmal, Assist. Prof. Dr. Chanita Boonmak, Miss Sirikarn Kammanee, Miss Varunya Sakpuntoon and Miss Yuparat Saimee for providing some duckweed samples.

Funding information

This work was financially supported by Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute (KURDI) under the project FF(KU) 4.64 (Utilization of duckweeds and associated microbes for wastewater treatment and bioplastic development).

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest in this paper.

Author contributions

N.K. performed the data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology and writing-original draft. J.A. performed formal analysis. P.K. revised the manuscript and N.S. provided conceptualization, funding acquisition, resources, supervision, review and editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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