Fundamental Minerals

Sialic Minerals

• Feldspars
Feldspars minerals
Alkali Feldspars
Plagioclase

• Feldspathoids
Feldspathoids
Cancrinite
Haüyne
Leucite
Nepheline
Sodalite

• Quartz

Femic Minerals

• Amphiboles
• Biotite
• Sagenitic biotite
• Kaersutite
• Olivine
• Pyroxenes
Structure/classification
Clinopyroxene

• Spodumene

Accessory Minerals

• Apatite
• Chromite
• Ilmenite
• Magnetite
• Zircon

Rare Accessory

• Allanite
• Andalusite
• Astrophyllite
• Beryl
• Calcite
• Cancrinite
• Catapleiite
• Cordierite
• Diaspore
• Eudialyte
• Fluorite
• Garnets
• Lazulite
• Lamprophyllite
• Lorenzenite
• Monticellite
• Muscovite
• Natrolite
• Naujakasite
• Niocalite
• Perovskite
• Polylithionite
• Rosenbuschite
• Rutile
• Scapolite
• Sørensenite
• Titanite
• Topaz
• Tourmaline
• Tugtupite
• Ussingite
• Wollastonite
• Xenotime
• Zinnwaldite

Alteration Products

• Chlorite
• Saussurite
• Sericite
• Uralite
• Wairakite

Microstructures

• Antiperthite
• Exsolution lamellae
• Graphic texture
• Granophyric texture
• Magmatic flow
• Myrmekite
• Pleochroic halo
• Poikilitic texture
• Perthite
• Pseudoleucite
• Zoning

Rocks

• Alkali feldspar granite
• Alkali feldspar syenite
• Alnö complex
Alnö complex
Alnöite
Sövite

• Anorthosite
• Brandberg granites
• Borolanite
• Carbonatites
Carbonatites
Alnö (Sweden)
Fogo (C. Verde)
Sao Vicente (C. Verde)
Oka (Canada)
Sokli (Finland)
Valentine (Canada)

• Cumberlandite
• Cumulate rocks
Cumulate
Adcumulate
Orthocumulate

• Diorite
• Dunite (Dun)
• Ekerite
• Eurite
• Finero harzburgite
• Foidolite (leucite)
• Foidolite (nepheline)
• Foidolite (haüyne)
• Foyaite
• Gabbro
• Gabbro "eufodite"
• Gabbro with augite
• Gabbronorite
• Granite
• Granophyre
• Greisen
• Hornblendite
• Hornblendite (cpx-hbl)
• Hornblende gabbro
• Hornblende gabbro (Adamello)
• Ijolite
• Ijolite (Magnet Cove)
• Ilimaussaq magmatic complex
Ilimaussaq
Black kakortokite
Red kakortokite
White kakortokite
Lujavrite
Naujakasite lujavrite
Naujaite
Tugtupite syenite

• Jacupiranga complex
Jacupiranga
Sövite

• Jacupirangite (Alnö)
• Jotunite
• Italite
• Kakortokite
• Kaxtorpite
• Kentallenite
• Lakarpite
• Larvik
Larvik complex
Ekerite
Larvikite

• Lherzolite (TL)
• Leucogranite
• Lujavrite
• Lugarite
• Luxullianite
• Melilitolite
• Melilitolite (wollastonite)
• Melteigite
• Monzonite
• Monzodiorite
• Naujaite
• Nepheline syenite
• Norra Kärr complex
Norra Kärr
Kaxtorpite
Lakarpite
Pulaskite

• Norite
• Olivine hornblendite
• Oka complex
Oka complex
Niocalite carbonatite
Monticellite carbonatite

• Olivine gabbro
• Orthopyroxenite
• Pegmatite
• Pegmatite (cancrinite)
• Pegmatite (nepheline)
• Peralkaline granite
• Peridotites
Peridotites
Dunite
Wherlite
Harzburgite
Garnet lherzolite
Spinel lherzolite

• Pyroxenite
• Pulaskite
• Quartz-gabbro
• Rhum layerded complex
• Serpentinized lherzolite
• Syenite
• Synnyrite
• Syenogranite
• Sodalite syenite
• Tonalite
• Troctolite
• Urtite

Orthocumulates

Orthocumulates form when the intercumulus liquid is compositionally different from earlier formed cumulate crystals and precipitates different intercumulus minerals. There is little or no exchange between the intercumulus liquid and the main chamber.

Bibliography

• Cox et al. (1979): The Interpretation of Igneous Rocks, George Allen and Unwin, London.
• Howie, R. A., Zussman, J., & Deer, W. (1992). An introduction to the rock-forming minerals (p. 696). Longman.
• Le Maitre, R. W., Streckeisen, A., Zanettin, B., Le Bas, M. J., Bonin, B., Bateman, P., & Lameyre, J. (2002). Igneous rocks. A classification and glossary of terms, 2. Cambridge University Press.
• Middlemost, E. A. (1986). Magmas and magmatic rocks: an introduction to igneous petrology.
• Shelley, D. (1993). Igneous and metamorphic rocks under the microscope: classification, textures, microstructures and mineral preferred-orientations.
• Vernon, R. H. & Clarke, G. L. (2008): Principles of Metamorphic Petrology. Cambridge University Press.

Photo

Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Plagioclase crystals with interstitial hornblende in a orthocumulates from Sardinia (Italy). XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende and pyroxene. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic pyroxene. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic pyroxene. PPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic pyroxene. PPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic pyroxene. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic pyroxene. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Euhedral olivine crystal enclodes in Pyroxene. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Altered olivine phenocrysts enclosed in poikilitic hornblende. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. ZPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. PPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Poikilitic augite in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Ehuedral olivine crystals with interstitial plagioclase in a orthocumulite. New Zeland. XPL image. 10x (Field of view = 2mm)